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en2402 | s. Their feeding activity results into yellowing and defoliation of leaves | kadyedwe kawo kamapangisa chikasu ndi kuthothoka kwa masamba | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2403 | Cassava green mite feeds on young leaves and tender shoots. | chiswe chamu chunangwa chimadya masamba aang'ono komanso ofewa | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2404 | It is characterized by mottled and curled leaves and transmitted by white flies. | zizindikilo ndi masamba akuda komanso okwinyika ndipo amabweretsedw andi tintchentche toyera mtundu | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2405 | Farmers should be advised to be on the lookout for any insect pest and disease outbreaks | alimi akulangizidwa kukhala atcheru podziwa tizilombo ndi matenda amene akuvta nthawi imeneyo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2406 | After the cassava crop has reached maturity, the quality of roots of most varieties often deteriorates after 15 months of growth. | chinangwa chikafika pokhwima, kawonekedwe ka mitsisi ya mbewu zambiri kamawonongeka pakatha miyezi khumi ndi isanu | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2407 | Cassava Brown Streak Disease is caused by a virus and transmitted by White flies | nthenda ya chinangwa ya brown streak imayamba chifukwa cha tincthenthce ta mtundu oyera | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2408 | On the leaves the disease appears as patches of yellow areas mixed with normal green colour. | nthendayi imaoneka ngati madontho ofiila pa masamba obiliwira | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2409 | The damaged leaves do not become distorted in shape as in cassava mosaic disease | masamba owownongeka samasintha maonekedwe ngati momwe imapangitsila nthenda ya chinangwa ya mosaic | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2410 | Farmers using sweet varieties should process their cassava roots using the cassava chip (makaka) methods if the end product is to be used for human consumption. | alimi amene amalima mbewu yosekemela akuyenera kusunga chinangwa ngati makaka ngati chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya ch anthu | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2411 | Farmers are encouraged to store the cassava in flour or chip form | alimi amalimbikitsidwa kusunga chinangwa ngati ufa kapena makaka | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2412 | Farmers should store cassava chips (makaka) in cool dry places after packing them in gunny bags | alimi akuyenera kusunga makaka a chinangwa mmalo ozizila akalongeza mmasaka | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2413 | To avoid weevil damage apply 25 g of Actellic Super Dust to 50kg makaka or 25g of Super grain dust to 50kg of makaka | kupewa kuti zingawonongeke ndi anankafumbwe thirani 25g ya catelic super dust ku 50kg kapena 25g ya Super grain dust ku 50kg ya makaka | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2414 | Cassava can be sold as fresh roots, chips and flour | chinangwa chimagulitsidwa chachiwisi, makaka ndi ufa | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2415 | Orange fleshed varieties are a good source of vitamin A | mbatata zofiila ndi gwero labwino la vitamini A | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2416 | Leaves of Sweetpotato are used as relish (ndiwo) and are good source of vitamin A. | kholowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ndiwo ndipo ndi gwero la bwino la vitamin A | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2417 | Orange, very early maturity to allow for piece meal harvesting during lean times | mbewu yofiila imacha nsanga kuthandiza nathu kupeza chakudya mu nyengo yosowekela | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2418 | The vine should be cut 10-15 cm away from the base to reduce incidence of sweetpotato weevil | kholowa adulidwe 10-15cm kuchokela pansi kuti tipewe kupezeka kwa anankwfumbwe | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2419 | Where rainfall is not reliable, planting should be completed by mid-January | madera amene mvula simadalilika, kubzala kulekeze pakati pa mwezi wa January | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2420 | Farmers who plant their Sweetpotatoes in dimba gardens like in the Shire Valley flood plain should plant their crop as soon as water has receded | alimi amene amabzala mbatata mmadimba monga ngati ku shire valley akuyenera abzale madzi akaphwela | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2421 | Garlic does not tolerate excessive humidity or rainfall | adyo sapilira ku nyengo ya chinyezi kapena mvula yambiri | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2422 | Cuttings should be 25 to 30cm long. | zodula zanu zikhale zotalika 20 mpaka 30cm | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2423 | For root production, the ridges should be spaced at 90cm and planting stations at 30cm | kuti mizu ikule, talikisani mizere kwa 90cm ndi mapando kwa 30cm | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2424 | Where white grubs are a problem, do not plant on soils rich in organic matter | malo amene ma white grubs ndi vuto lalikulu, musabzale pamene pali manyowa azinyalala ambiri | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2425 | Soils which are water logged should be avoided. | pewani dothi lokumwa madzi ambiri | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2426 | Weed early particularly during the first 6 weeks of establishment | palirani mwachangu makamaka masambata asanu ndi imodzi oyambilila mukangobzala | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2427 | Where the crop cover is poor, hand weeding should continue as required. | pamene zomela zotchinga zili zosachita bwino mungota kuchotsa udzu ndi manja | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2428 | Sweetpotato weevil (Cylas formicarius) This is the most destructive insect pest of Sweetpotato | nankafumbwe wa mbatata ndi kachilombo kowonong akwmbiri mbatata | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2429 | Control is by practicing crop rotation, use of resistant varieties namely: Yoyera, Babache, Kenya, Kakoma, Semusa, Mugamba, Tainoni, filling cracks when the roots start bulking, and timely harvesting | njira yopewera ndi kupanga ulimi wakasinthasinthan ndipogwiritsa ntchito mbewu zololela monga; Yoyera, Babache, Kenya, Kakoma, Semusa, Mugamba, Tainoni, kukwilira ming'alu pamene mbatata zayamba kuphuka komanso kukolola nthawi yabwino | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2430 | White grubs cause serious damage to roots and tubers of Sweetpotato. | ma white grubs amaononga misitsi ndi mbatata | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2431 | About 370 bundles of sweetpotato vines are required to plant one hectare. | pa hekitala pamafunika mbewu ya kholowa mitolo 370 kuti mubzale | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2432 | Never leave the crop in the field for a longer time otherwise the sweetpotato weevils will heavily attack the tubers hence reducing the quality and quantity of usable tubers | osasiya zokolola zanu mmunda kw anthawi yaitali chifukwa zimagwidwa ndi anankafumbwe amene amaononga mbatata zabwino | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2433 | Potatoes locally known as Kachewere grow successfully in areas of high altitude, which have a cool climate and adequate rainfall. | kachewere amachita bwino mmadera okwera amene amakhala ndi nyengo yotentha bwino ndi mvula yokwanira | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2434 | Soils should be free-draining, deep and rich in organic matter with soil acidity of pH5.0 to 6.5 | dothi lizikhala lolowa bwino madzi, komanso la manyowa okwanila bwino ndi asidi wa mu nthaka okwanila 0.5ph mpakana 6.5 | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2435 | Plough deeply and break soil clods to make a fine tilth. | limani pansi kwambiri ndikuswa zigulumwa kuti mupange donthi lofewa bwino | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2436 | After ridging make grooves on top of ridges 15cm deep | mukapanga mizere, kumbani ngalande a 15cm pamwamba pa mzere | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2437 | Apply 200kg of D compound per hectare. | thirani 200kg ya D compound pa hekitala | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2438 | Three to four weeks after crop emergence, top dress with 200kg of CAN per hectare. | pakatha masabata atatu kapena anayi thirani fetereza wokulitsa wa CAN 00kg pa hekitala | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2439 | Apply 20g per meter of ridge length using 5 cupfuls of cup No.5. | thirani 20g pa mita ya mzere uliwonse pogwiritsa ntchito makapu 5 a cup no. 5 | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2440 | A potato field should be weeded twice during the growing season. | munda wa kachewere uyenera kupalilidwa kawiri pa chaka | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2441 | Aphids are controlled by spraying with Malathion 25WP or Dimethoate 20WP | kuti muthane ndi nsabwe za mmasamba thirani mankhwala a Malathion 25W kapena Dimethoate 20WP | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2442 | Fortunately this disease in Malawi attacks the crop later in the season than Late Blight | mwa mwayi, nthendayi imakhudza mbewu kumapeto kwa nyengo yolima kusiyana ndi leaf blight | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2443 | Tuber Moth damage can be avoided by earthing up | agulugufe owononga mbewu akhonza kupewedwa pokwilira ndi dothi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2444 | This should be done repeatedly at intervals of 10 to 14 days | chitani izi mobwwerezabwereza kwa masiku khumi mpaka khumi ndi anayi (masabata awiri) | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2445 | If the plants are infected in the later stages of development, when tubers are developing, the bacteria will get into the tubers and survive there. | ngati mbewu zagwidwa ndi matenda pamene zatsala pang'ono kukhwima, mbatata zikayamba, nthendayi imabisala mu mbatata ndikukhala m'menemo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2446 | Seed tubers should further be protected by dusting them with one sachet (40g) of Pirimiphos- methyl (Actellic) per 90kg sack of potatoes | mbatata za mbewu zikuyenera kutetezedwa pothiridwa mankhwala a ufa sacheti limodzi lokwana 40g la Pirimiphos- methyl (Actellic) pa 90kgya thumba la mbatata | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2447 | There is no chemical control measure. | palibe njira yogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2448 | Since the virus also spreads through seed, farmers are recommended to use clean seed only. | popeza mbewunso zimagwidwa ndi matenda, alimi akulangizidwa kuwgiritsa nthcito mbewu zomwe zilibe matenda | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2449 | The potato crop is mature when leaves turn naturally yellow or the top dies off. | mbewu ya mbatata imakwima masamba akachita chikasu or masamba apamwamba akayoyoka | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2450 | Leaves tend to be upright and are generally pale yellow. | masamba amakhaala oongoka ndipo nthawi zambiri amakahala otumbululuka achikasu | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2451 | It is best controlled through crop rotation and use of chemical Nematicides such as Furadan | imapewedwa bwino popanga ulimi wakasinthasintha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a nematicides monga furadan | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2452 | Potato for consumption should be stored in darkness | sungani kadyewere wa chakudya mu chipinda cha mdima | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2453 | Storage does not improve quality of the potatoes therefore best quality crop should be stored from the start | kusunga mbatat sikumawonjezela kawonekedwe kabwino ka mbatata kuteloko mbatata za mbewu zisungidwe kumayambiliro | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2454 | The shelf life of potatoes for consumption can be prolonged by keeping them at low temperatures less than 90C | nthawi imene mbatata ya chakudya ingasungidwe mopitilila ndi pamene yasungidwa pa ma dgili okwana 90 | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2455 | Potato tubers for seed should be stored in Diffused Light Store | mbewu ya mbatata isungidwe muchipinda chowala | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2456 | Once green and under cool conditions, seed potato can store for 3 months | mbewu ya kachewere ikhonzi kusungidwa kwa miyezi itatu zikangobiliwila ndi kusongidwa malo ozizila | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2457 | Agricultural chemicals not normally used on tobacco should never be allowed to come in contact with tobacco during production, curing or in storage | mankhwala mbewu amene samathiridwa ku fodya sakuyenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi fodya pa nthawi yolima, yoyanika ndikusunga | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2458 | Farmers are advised not to store any chemicals in tobacco barns and holding sheds | alimi amalangizidwa kuti asamasunge mankhwala mma balan a fodya | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2459 | The choice of tobacco type and/or variety depends on trade requirement, farmer preference and prevailing climatic and soil conditions | chisankho cha mtundu wa mbewu ya tobacco amene mukufuna kulima zimatengera ndi mmene msika ukufinila, kuufna kwa mlimi, nyengo ya dera ndi momwe nthaka ilili | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2460 | Growers who are interested to use introduced varieties should follow appropriate procedures for importation | alimi amene ali osangalatsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu yatsopano akuyenera atsatile ndondomeko zoyenera zogulira mbewu kuchokela dziko lina | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2461 | It is recommended that the length of seed beds should be 30m or any convenient length and 1m wide | mabedi a mbewu ovomelekeza amayenera akhale 30m mulitali ndi 1m mulifupi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2462 | Nursery sites should be properly fenced to ensure protection from stray animals and other pests, strong wind and airborne diseases. | manazale akuyenera kumangilidwa mpanda kuti atetezeke ku nyama zoyendayenda ndi tizilombo, mphepo yamkuntho ndi matenda obwera ndi mphepo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2463 | Nematodes should be controlled by using recommended pesticides such as Basamid or by burning | mukhonza kugonjetsa ma nematides pothira mankhwala monga basmid kapena powotcha mbewu zokhudzidwa | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2464 | On the14th day, apply the chemical using the above rate and thoroughly mix with soil to a depth of 20cm | pakatha masabata awiri (patsiku la 14), thirani mankhwala pogwiritsa ncthito ndondomeko zomwe zili mmwambamp ndikutsakaniza ndi dothi kwa 20cm | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2465 | On the 21st day plastic should be aerated in order to release some toxic gases that may injure the seed. | pakatha masabata atatu (patsiku la 21), boolani chipepala cha pulasitiki kuti mpweya woyipa otuluke womwe ungathe kuonnga mbewu | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2466 | Basamid does not leave any harmful residues after breaking down making it an ozone friendly chemical. | basamid samasiya zotsalila zoopsa zomwe akamaliza kusungunuka zomwe zimapangisa kuti asaownongwe chilengedwe | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2467 | Water is applied for 12 days before piling the stalks to activate soil organisms after which actual burning is done. | madzi athilidwe pakatha masiku khumi ndi awiri musawunjike mapesi kuti tizilombo ta mu nthaka tituluke pamene mukuotcha | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2468 | nematodes can be controlled by using the float tray system | mukhonza kupewa ma nematodes pobzala fodya mmathileyi oyandama mmadzi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2469 | To maximize yield, tobacco should be water planted. | fodya ayenera kubzalidwa ndi madzi kuti zokolola zichuluke | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2470 | Farmers should follow a minimum rotation of 4 years to avoid build- up of pests and diseases, particularly nematodes. | alimi ayesele ulimi wakasinthasintha osachepera zaka zinayi kuti apewe kuchulukana kwa tizilombo ndi matenda makamaka nematode | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2471 | In areas where both tobacco and cotton are grown, great care is required to avoid insecticides used on cotton drifting onto tobacco | madera amene amalima fodya ndi thonje, akuyenela kusamala kwambiri kuti mankhwala othana ndi tizizlombo a thonje asafike mmunda wa fodya | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2472 | Pine bark is the common substrate used in float tray tobacco seedling production | khungwa la payini limagwiritsodwa ntchito pofesa mbewu ya fodya | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2473 | Farmers should aim at transplanting tobacco with the first planting rains so as to complete the operation before Christmas | alimi awokele nsamga fodya ndi mvula yoyambilila kuti ikamafika nyengo ya khisimisi azikhala atamlaiza kuwokela | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2474 | Where resources permit, famers should apply recommended pesticides | ngati pali zipangizo zokwanila, alimi athire mankhwala a tizolombo ovomelezeka | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2475 | It is therefore essential that tobacco should not be planted within 100m radius of any cotton crop | ndikofunika kuti munda wa fodya ukhale kutali ndi munda wa thonje kwa ma mita 100 | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2476 | Always start with the clean lands or plants end up with diseased lands or plants. | kumayamba ndi nthaka yopanda matenda apo ayi mbewu zimagwidwa ndi matenda kapena kusiya matenda mu nthaka | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2477 | The disease also spreads by transplanting diseased seedlings into clean lands. | nthendayi imathanso kufala pamene tawokela mbewu zokhuzidwa pa malo abwinobwino | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2478 | Development of the diseases and severity of damage is enhanced by high soil moisture and high soil temperature | kukula kwa matenda komanso kaonongedwe kake kumadza chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyontho mu nthaka | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2479 | types of symptoms may occur if attacked by more virulent strains of the virus. | mitundu ya zizindikilo imaoneka ngati yakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo toopsa kwambiri | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2480 | Affected plants are stunted | mbewu zokhudziwa zimakula mopinimbila | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2481 | can lead to leaf degradation and loss of yield and quality | zikhodza kulowesa kawonekedwe kabwino ka masamba komanso kuchepetsa zokolola | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2482 | Control is by use of certified and disease free seed | pewani pogwiritsa ntchito mbewu zovomelezeka komanso zopanda matenda | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2483 | Harvesting or reaping, curing, bulking and preliminary pre-sale (farm) grading constitute some of the important aspects of post-harvest technology of tobacco. | kukolola, kuchiza, kulongeza ndi kasankha malingana ndi kaonekedwe ndi njira zofunika kutsatila posamalira fodya akakololedwa | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2484 | From the barn leaf is transferred to storage sheds. | kuchokela mma balani pititsani masamba mosungilamo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2485 | The walls should be plastered and white washed. | khoma lizilidwe ndi kutsukidwa bwino | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2486 | Grouping is the arrangement of tobacco bales in such an order that bales of similar quality are sold together in runs of declining order of value. | magulu (grouping) ndi ndondomeko yoika fodya mmabelo mu ndondomeko yokuti mabelo owonek abwino amagulitsidwa pa mtengo waukulu kenako kumatsika malingana ndi mawonekedwe | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2487 | In the event that the disease appears in the lands, topping high and reaping earlier than normal may help to salvage the crop. | pamene nthendayi yatulukila msanga mudera, kubzala mwachangu ndi kukolola mwachangu kusiyana ndi nthawi zonse kumathandiza | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2488 | Symptoms of attack are stunting and yellowing of leaves | kupinimbila ndi kufiila kwa masamba ndi zizindikilo za kugwidwa ndi matenda | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2489 | The disease affects tobacco at any stage of growth in the seedbeds and can also develop on newly transplanted tobacco. | nthendayi imagwira fodya pa msinkhu uliwonse mukafesa ngakhaleso pamene mwangowokela kumene | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2490 | Sprays recommended for tobacco aphids and budworms will also control the aforementioned pests. | mankhwala amene mukhonza kthira ku fodya kuti muthane ndi nsabwe za mmasamba ndi mphutsi za mmaluwa mukhonzaso kuthira pothana ndi tizilombo tachulidwa mmwambamo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2491 | Termites can be observed both in nurseries and in the lands, especially where there is lack of decomposed organic material during hot and dry weather. | chiswe chimawoneka kwambiri pa nazale kapena mmunda ngati manyowa sanawole bwino munyengo yotentha | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2492 | Control is by early ploughing to allow complete decomposition of the plant residues. | Kuthana nacho ndi kulima mwachangu kuti zinyalala za mbewu ziwole mokwanira | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2493 | Cutworms are active at night. | ma cutworm amachangamuka usiku | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2494 | The insect will curl up into a small thick lot when disturbed | Kachilomboka kamadzikulunga nkukhala kakang'ono kokhuthala kakasokonezedwa | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2495 | The tobacco aphid also known as the green peach aphid is the most severe insect pest of tobacco in Malawi | nsabwe za mmasamba a fodya zomwenso zimatchedwa nsabwe za mmasamba za mupichesi ndi tizilombo timene timawononga kwambiri fodya mmalawi muno | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2496 | Control is by hand picking under light infestations and chemical sprays of Steward 150 EC, Aryna 46EC, Belt Expert 480 SC etc | mutha kuthana nazo potola ndi manaj ngati zilipo zochepa ndi kuthira mankhwala monga Steward 150 EC, Aryna 46EC, Belt Expert 480 SC ndi ena ambiri | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2497 | As these leaves increase in size, the feeding holes increase proportionally, giving the leaves a raged distorted appearance. | pamene masamba akukula, mabowo odyera makulanso chimodzimodzi, kupangitsa kuti masamba akhale ndi kaonekedwe kodabwitsa | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2498 | Symptoms of ant damage are their observed presence in large numbers on the seedbeds and reduced seed germination because they carry the tiny newly sown seed off the seedbed. | zizindikilo za kuononga kwa chiswe kumaoneka ndikachulukidwe ka ka chiswe pa mabedi a mbewu komanso kuchewa kwa zomela kamba kakuti zimadya mbewu zikangomel | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2499 | In the Northern region, nursery destruction should be done before 1st January of each year | mchigawo chakumpoto, nazale limayenera liwonongedwe pa 1 January pasanafike chaka chilichonse | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2500 | Chemical control of aphids must be preventive, both in the seedbeds and in the lands. | mankhwala othana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba athitiridwe ngati kupewa nsabwezi mmalo obzala mbewu komanso minda | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2501 | In the Northern region, stalk uprooting should have been completed by 30th May each year. | Kuchigawo chakumpoto, kuzula mapesi kuyenera kumalizidwa pasanafike pa 30 May chaka chilichonse. | agriculture | agriculture document |