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en2202 | intercropping hinders some of the pest to locate the host crop in the system but also restrict the movement of pests and diseases from one crop to the other | kulima mbewu zosiyana mophatikiza kumathandiza kuti tizilombo tisagwire mbewu yofunika kwambiri pa ulimiwo komanso kumachepetsa kayendedwe ka tizilombo kupita ku mbewu zina | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2203 | For example, the fertilizer applied to maize will not be taken up by the pigeon pea crop in the farming system because it responds little to fertilizers | mwa chitsanzo, nandolo sagwiritsa ntchito fetereza amene wathilidwa ku chimanga chifukwa sagwiritsa ntchito | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2204 | Cowpea is aggressive when planted at the same time with maize | nandolo (cowpea) ndiwaukali akadzalidwa nthawi imodzi ndi chimanga | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2205 | Beating the plants should be gentle to avoid destroying the embryo which eventually may affect germination and overall seed quality. | punthani mosamala mbeu zanu kuti musawononge mtima wa mbeu kuti sizakhudze kameledwe ka mbeu | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2206 | Planting should be done with the first planting rains or soon after the main crop has emerged where inter-planting is practiced. | bzalani ndi mvula yoyamba kapena mbeu yodalilika ikangomela pamene mukupanga ulimi wakasakaniza | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2207 | Short duration pigeon peas are best produced as sole crop. | nandolo osachedwa kukhwima asankhwidwa ngati mbewu yoima payokha | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2208 | Aflatoxin management in Legumes and maize | kasamalidwe ka mbewu za nyemba nd chimanga ku chuku | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2209 | Aflatoxins are a major challenge in legumes and maize | chuku ndi vuto lalikulu kwmabiri pa mbewu za nyemba ndi chimanga | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2210 | Practice fermentation which reduces aflatoxins levels in food because lactic acid bacteria binds aflatoxin | yeserani kukundika komwe kumachepetsa kufala kwa chuku mu zakudya chifukwa cha tizilombo (lactic acid bacteria) timene ndimamata chuku | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2211 | The choice of vegetables to be planted in the homestead should be those that are nutrient dense. | mitundu ya masamba yomwe mukufuna kubzala pakhomo ikhale yoepeka michere ya nthupi yochuluka | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2212 | Vegetables have high nutritional value in terms of micronutrients and fibre and they also make meals more appealing in flavour, texture and colour. | zakudya zamasamba zimakhala zopasa thanzi chifukwa cha michere imene imakhala nayo komanso zimakhala zopasa mudyo nkaonekedwa ndi kakomedwe komwe | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2213 | Fruits do not require major preparation for somebody to eat. | zipatso zizitenga nthawi yambiri kuti zikonzedwa pokudya | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2214 | The choice of fruits to be planted in the homestead depends on the space available. | kusankha mitengo ya zipatso pakhomo zimatengela ndi mmene malo alili pakhomopo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2215 | Where possible fish can be reared around the homestead where there are water sources | ngati kuli kotheka nsomba zikhonza kuwetedwa pakhomo ngati pali magwero a madzi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2216 | Poultry production should be incorporated into small farming systems such as homestead farming. | ulimi wa ziweto za mbalame ukuyenera kuphatikizidwa mu mitundu ya ulimi waung'ono monga ulimi wapakhomo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2217 | Gross margin refers to the remaining income from an enterprise after the variable costs are deducted | kupindula phindu kumathanthauza kuti ndalama yomwe yatsala mukagulitsa katund wanu komanso mukachotsela zimene munalowetsa | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2218 | The gross margin budget includes all costs involved in producing the enterprise. | ndondomeko yopindulira phindu timaphatikiza ndalama zonse zomwe zinalowetsedwa pa ulimi wa zokolola zathu | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2219 | It helps farmers to compare the performance of a single enterprise using different farming practices and technologies | zimathandiza alimi kusiyanisa mmene mbewu yachitila bwino pogwiritsa mtchito zipangizo ndi ukadaulo osiyanasiya | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2220 | Helps to find out what products people want and reasons for their preferences | zimathandiza kudziwa zinthu zimene anthu akuzifuna ndi zifukwa zimene akuzifunila | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2221 | Farmers should then decide whether to go on with their farm plan of producing for the possible identified buyers. | alimi akuyenera kuanga chiganizo chopitiliza ndi pulani yawo yolima mbewu zimene apeza kale misika yake | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2222 | Limited access to markets by vulnerable gender categories especially when the markets are located far away from the village | kufikila kochepa ku miskika kwa magulu ophinjika pakati a amayi ndi abamabo makamaka ngati misika ili kutalai ndi mudzi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2223 | Diversion of income meant for agriculture production to provision of from to care, treatment and support for sick family members. | kugawa kwa ndalama zokhudza ulimi kupititsa ku gawo la chisamaliro, chithandizo ku matenda ndikuthandizila odwala m'banja | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2224 | Improving access to agricultural input and market information amongst farmers | kutukula kapezedwe ka zipangizo za ulimi ndi ma uthenga a misika pakati pa alimi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2225 | Promotion of production of high value crops/livestock amongst women | kutukula ulimi wa mbewu zopindulitsa kapena ziweto pakati pa amayi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2226 | It causes yellowing between the veins of cowpea leaves, resulting in the death of infested plants. | zimayambitsa chikasu pakati pa misempha ya masamba a nandolo, zomwe zimapangitsa kufa kwa mbewu zomwe zakhudzidwa | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2227 | The seeds of these parasites can survive in soil for many years (more than 20 years) until a susceptible variety is planted | mbewu ya tizilomboti imatha kukhala mu nthaka kwa zaka zochuluka osafa (kupitilila zaka 20) pokhapokha padzalidwe mbewu yomwe ikhonza kutengela | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2228 | Cultural control measures that are affordable to farmers include cowpea–cereal rotation and the use of resistant cowpea varieties | njira za chikhalidwe zomwe alimi amatsatila ndi kulima kwa kasinthasintha kw ambewu monga nandolo ndi chimanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya nandolo yopilira | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2229 | Ensure good hygiene in the store and check every 2 weeks for any change in storage conditions | onetsetsani ukhondo wabwino mosungila mbewu ndi kumayang'anamo pamasabata awiri aliwonse ngati pali kusintha kwa zinthu mosungilamo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2230 | This is one of the serious pests on maize causing considerable damage in high altitude areas and to the late planted crop | aka ndi kachilombo kovuta kwambiri kamene kamakhudza chimanga koyambitsa kuwonongeka mmadera okwera ndi madera obzala mochedwa | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2231 | The larvae infest the leaves, rolling them longitudinally together and live inside the rolled leaf. | kachilomboka kamadya masamba ndi kuzungulidza pamodzi iko ndikumakhala mkati mwa tsambo lozungulilalo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2232 | The insect is also called African boll worm or tobacco bud worm depending on the crop attacked. | kachilomboka kamatchedwa african boll worm kapena tobacco bud worm malingana ndi mbewu imene yakhudzidwa | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2233 | Clean and sort 8 parts of maize grains, 1 part of ground nuts and 1 part of pulses (cowpeas or pigeon peas or beans or ground beans) | konzani ndi kusakha magawo 8 a chimanga, gawo limodzi la mtedza ndi gawo limodzi la zanyemba (nandolo kapen nyemba) | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2234 | Mill with maize or mill the beans alone if the quantity is reasonable enough to go through the grinding mill to make flour | gaitsani ndi chimanga kapena gaitsani nyemba zokha ngati zilipo zochuluka bwino zokuti zikhonza kugaitsidwa nkupanga ufa | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2235 | small livestock raising | ulimi wa ziweto zing'onozing'ono | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2236 | promotion of improved preservation and storage of fruits and vegetables to reduce waste, post-harvest losses and effects of seasonality | kutukula kasungidwe kamakono ndi kasungidwe ka zipatso ndi zamasamba kuti tichepetse kuwononga zakudya, zotayika pa nthawi yokolola ndi zosatsila za zanyengo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2237 | promotion of underexploited traditional foods and home gardens | kutukula zakudya zachikhalidwe zosagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ndi minda yapakhomo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2238 | It is therefore important to ensure that a variety of foods are sustainably available and accessible in adequate amounts and quality; and properly utilised. | chomwecho, ndikofunika kuwonetsetsa kuti zakudya zamagulu osiyanasiyana zikupezeka nthawi zonse ndi kwa anthu onse pa mlingo okwanila komanso zikugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenerera | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2239 | Promoting Income Generating Projects for vulnerable gender groups | Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zobweretsa ndalama kumagulu ophinjika | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2240 | Always ensure that extension meetings are organized during times when women and other vulnerable categories can be able to participate | onetsetsani kuti mkumano wa zaulangizi ukukhazikitsidwa nthawi imene amayi komanso magulu ena ophinjika akhonza kukwanitsa kutenga nawo mbali | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2241 | Soil fertility improvement and fodder | kutukula nthaka ndi zakudya za ziweto | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2242 | Maize grain for storage should be well treated with storage pesticides such as Actellic upon recommendations on safe use and correct application rates. | chimanga chosungidwa chikuyenera kuthiridwa mankhwala oyenera monga actelic malingana ndi ndondomeko za kathilidwe koyenerera ngakhalenso mlingo oyenerera | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2243 | Ensuring that all crop residuals are fully decomposed before planting | kuonetsetsa kuti zosalila mmunda zonse zaololena bwino musanadzale | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2244 | Observing good crop husbandry practices such as early land preparation, early planting, burying all diseased plants and others | kuonetsetsa kuti ndondomeko zoyenera kuchita pa ulimi zikutsatilidwa monga, kusosa mwachnagu, kubzala msanga, kukwilira mbewu zonse zamatenda ndi zina zambiri | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2245 | Groundnuts and soybean are planted in rows spaced at 37.5 cm and 10-15cm and 5cm apart between plant stations. | mtedza ndi soya zimadzalidwa mmizere yotalikilana 37.5cm ndi10 mpaka 5cm komanso 5cm pa phando ndi phando | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2246 | cannot run a big risk, especially not when the technology is not known | sizingatheke kukhala pa chiopsezo kwambiri, makamaka ngati tekinolojeyo siyikudziwika bwino | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2247 | need a learning-by-doing environment | pakufunika malo ophunzilira mwakuchita | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2248 | A diet is the total foods and drink eaten by an individual or a group of people at a given time. | chakudya choyenera kudya ndi zakudya zonse ndi zakumwa zimene munthu amadya kapena magulu a anthu pa nthawi yoikika | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2249 | Food and nutrition helps in the prevention of malnutrition | chakudya cha thanzi chimathandizira kupewa kuperewera kwa zakudya mthupi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2250 | Enables easy transportation of food materials | zimathandizila kayendedwe ka zakudya mthupi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2251 | It Increases seasonal availability of many foods. | zimachulutsa kupezeka kwa zakudya zambiri mu nyengo zosankhika | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2252 | most foods are seasonal so processing them into other products makes them available all year round. | zakudya zambiri zimatengela nyengo kotelo kuzikonza mu mtundu wina kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zopezekelatu mu chaka chonse | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2253 | Methods of food processing | njira zokonzela chakudya | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2254 | Biological methods | njira za chilengedwe | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2255 | Water conservation is ensuring there is increased infiltration of water in the soil so as to reduce erosion caused by runoff | kasungidwe ka madzi ndi kuonetsetsa kuti madzi akulowa kwambiri pansi pa nthaka zomwe zimachepetsa kukokoloka kwa nthaka ndi madzi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2256 | Processed products are easy to transport and lessen the cost of transportation | zakudya zopangidwa sizimavuta kunyamula ndipo zimachepetsa ndalama yonyamulila katundu | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2257 | Reduces siltation and flooding | zimacheetsa kusefukila kwa madzi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2258 | Soil and water conservation entails a number of technologies. | pali ukadaulo wochuluka okhudza kasamalidwe ka nthaka ndi madzi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2259 | Reduces water runoff and soil erosion | zimachepetsa kukokoloka kwa nthaka | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2260 | Benefits of Soil and Water Conservation | ubwino wosamala nthaka ndi madzi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2261 | Conserves soil moisture for plant growth and development | zimasunga chinyezi nthaka kuti mbewu zizikula bwino | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2262 | Not understanding the technology | kusamvetsetse kwa ukadaulo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2263 | Soils or crops are not adequate and need to be adjusted | nthaka ndi mbewu sizokwanira ndipo ziyenera kusinthidwa | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2264 | need a learning-by-doing environment | pamafunika malo ophunzira mwakuchita | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2265 | do not have the capital to invest | alibe mpamba oyambila | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2266 | Steps to follow when establishing a conservation agriculture demo plot | ndondomeko zoyenmera kutsatila pokhazikitsa puloti yachiwonetselo ya ulimi wosunga nthaka | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2267 | After the demarcation, start preparing the plots as per the agreed design layout | mukamaliza kupanga malire, yambani kukonzekela malngana ndi dongosolo lomwe mwangwirizana | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2268 | Soil and water conservation. | kasungidwe/kasamalidwe ka nthaka ndi madzi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2269 | Soil Conservation is the protection, maintenance, rehabilitation, restoration and enhancement of soil resources and includes the management and use of soil resources to ensure the sustainability of such use | kusamala nthaka ndiko kuteteza, kusamala, kuchiritsa, kubwenzeretsa ndi kutukula nthaka, iziz zimaphatikiza lasamalidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka nthaka kuti ikhale ikugwirabe nthcito kwa nthawi yaitali | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2270 | Improves crop and pasture fields; | zimatukula minmda komanso malo odyetsela ziweto | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2271 | In order to control runoff and soil loss, ridges should be cultivated along the contour | kuti muthane ndi kukukoloka kwa madzi ndi nthaka, bzalani mizere molekani ndi mtunda | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2272 | Legumes are Very important in the diet as they supplement cereals, roots and tubers by providing plant protein | mbewu za nyemba ndizofunikila mu zakudya chifukwa zimathandizila mbewu za chimanga, za mitsitsi ndi zobala pansi popereka mapulotini ku mbewuzo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2273 | Legume Processing | kakonzedwe ka mbewu za nyemba | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2274 | Pre-treated legume flour | ufa okonzedweratu wa magulu a nyemba | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2275 | Farmer Field School is a group training approach that focusses on adult non formal education through hands on field discovery learning. | maphunziro a alimi apamunda ndi uphunzitsi wapagulu umene umayang'na kwambiri za maphunziro a akuluakalu ndi kuchita bwino pamunda | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2276 | The approach is a school without walls for improving decision making capacity of farmers and stimulating innovativeness for agricultural sustainability and can be done on both crops and livestock | njirayi ndi sukulu yopanda malire imene imathandiza alimi kupanga ziganizo zabwino komanos kulimbikitsa ukadaulo watsopano wotukula ulimi wa zakumunda ndi ziweto | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2277 | Improve adoption of knowledge intensive technologies and practices | zimatukula kutengela kwa nzeru za matekinoloje woonjeza ndi kuchita | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2278 | The approach focusses on learning of experienced farmers usually in the same locality or village who learn with hands on especially when the subject matter is related to their experiences | njirayi imayang'ana kwmabiri alimi amene anakumanapo nazo mu dera kapena mudzi omwewo komanso amachita nzinthunzo ndi alimi amene akukhudzidwa kwenikweni ndi nkhani yokambidwayo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2279 | Capacity building and farmer empowerment | sukulu ya bizinesi ya alimi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2280 | Promotes lead farmer concept which enhances farmer to farmer extension | zimalimbikitsa ndondomeko ya alimi wotsogolela alimi anzawo yomwe imalimbikitsa ulangizi wa pakati pa alimi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2281 | Enhance Farmer Led Research | kulimbikitsa kafukufuku otsogozedwa ndi alimi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2282 | Promote collective problem identification, analysis and solving | limbikitsani kuzindikiritsa mavuto onse, kusanthuka ndi kuthesa | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2283 | Principles of Farmer Field Schools | mfundo za sukulu ya mlimi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2284 | Based on agro-enterprise cycle and time specific because you have to start with a crop at planting up to harvesting | kutengela ndi mabizinesi ozungulila a zaulimi ndi nthawi yoikika chifukwa mukuyenra kuyamab ndi kubzala mbewu mpakana kukolola | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2285 | Identify and select most promising farm enterprises to increase profitability and farm income. | dziwani ndikusankha ma bizinesi omwe akupereka chiyambekezo kuti muonjezere phindu komanso ndalama zaulimi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2286 | Farmer Business School | sukulu ya bizinesi ya alimi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2287 | Plan and cost the production process | konzani ndi kuwerengetsa ndamala zomwe zikufunika pa ntchito ya ulimi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2288 | Acquire the fundamentals of how to grow crops and raise livestock in a business manner | pezani zofunika za momwe mungakulire mbewu ndi kuweta ziweto mwa bizinesi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2289 | Make a plan for marketing of their farm produce | kukonzelatu mmene angagulitsile zakumunda | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2290 | Find out what the market wants and produce what the market wants. | dziwani zomwe zikufunika pa ndikupanga zimene msika ukufuna | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2291 | It involves awareness creation among local or community leaders, farmers and farmer organizations on farmer business school through a meeting | zimafunikila mauthenga a chidziwitso pakati pa adindo a mmudzi, alimi ndi magulu a alimi a sukulu ya ulimi wa buzinesi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2292 | Sensitization of Local Leaders and Farmer Organizations | kulimbikitsa atsogoleri a m'mudzi koamnso ma bungwe azaulimi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2293 | Interested and supporting farmers are mobilized. | alimi onse amane ali ndi chidwi komanso amaitanidwa mapodzi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2294 | They should be active and practicing farmers, willing to participate regularly, farmers with a common interest, farmers from the same locality and are willing to share experiences | akuyenera akhale alimi olimbikila ndi kuchita zimene aphunzira, wololera kutenga nawo gawo nthawi zonse, alimi amene ali ndi chidwi chimodzi, alimi a dera limodzi komanso wololera kugawira anzawo zimene akudziwa | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2295 | Benefits to Integrated Homestead Farming | kufumikila kwa ulimi wophatikiza wa pakhomo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2296 | It promotes sustainable utilization of resources at household level. | zimalimbikitsa kagwiritsidwe ntchito zipangizo kokhazikika pakhomo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2297 | It increases utilization of vegetables, fruits and animal sources at household level. | zimalimbikitsa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka zakudya za masamba, zipatso ndi zanyama | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2298 | It increases household income. | zimachulikitsa malipiro a pakhomo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2299 | It increases consumption of nutrient rich plant and animal foods. | zimachulukitsa kadyedwe ka zakudya za thanzi | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2300 | Components of Integrated Homestead Farming | Zigawo za Ulimi Wophatikiza Pakhomo | agriculture | agriculture document |
en2301 | The nutrients play various important roles in the body. | Zakudyazi zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana thupi. | agriculture | agriculture document |