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10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.05.053 | Computer_Science_easy_509 | Since the shape descriptors of BrainPrint are more sensitive to subtle changes within a structure than are standard volume-based measures, they are better suited to quantify early disease effects and predict future progression, which opens up new research directions into the mechanisms that cause these asymmetries. | , λ η ). | Increased asymmetry was also associated with poorer cognitive test scores and with increased cortical atrophy. Since the shape descriptors of BrainPrint are more sensitive to subtle changes within a structure than are standard volume-based measures, they are better suited to quantify early disease effects and predict future progression, which opens up new research directions into the mechanisms that cause these asymmetries. For example, in addition to asymmetric distribution of amyloid beta, which has been reported, the differences could reflect disease subtypes that affect hemispheres differently." | These properties make the shapeDNA well suited for comparing shapes, as initial alignment of the shapes can be completely avoided. , λ η ). Depending on the number of eigenvalues l computed, we can easily end up with thousands of values in the BrainPrint, which may make the approach more susceptible to overfitting. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/advanced-analysis-of-brain-structure-shape-may-track-progression-to-alzheimers-disease/ |
10.1038/s41593-018-0209-y | Computer_Science_easy_510 | For further information, please contact the cited source. | We found the average variability for all body parts to be very small 2.69 ± 0.1 pixels (mean ± s.e.m. | The software toolbox can be used with minimal to no coding experience and is freely available at mousemotorlab.org/deeplabcut. Note: material may have been edited for length and content. For further information, please contact the cited source. | Yet, accurately tracking the snout as a mouse samples the "odorscape" is crucial for studying odor-guided navigation. We found the average variability for all body parts to be very small 2.69 ± 0.1 pixels (mean ± s.e.m. The RMSE across two trials of annotating the same images is referred to as 'human variability' (note that the variability differs slightly across body parts). | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=35000299954&p=1pl&v=1&x=W84_JJVq9W_-K8zSWhAe6A |
10.1126/scirobotics.aan4545 | Computer_Science_easy_511 | But geckos might be able to help. | This design yields a nearly constant torque in both directions, a large hysteresis during loading and unloading cycles, and a nearly zero steady-state position error. | But geckos might be able to help. When tested in zero-gravity airplane flight, the device was able to grasp and release floating cubes, cylinders, and spheres without affecting their motion. On Earth, the gripper was able to attach to, push, and release 800-pound robots meant to simulate drifting space debris. | A simplified model of the loading and unloading curve of a pretensioned SMA wire is illustrated in the gray shaded region. This design yields a nearly constant torque in both directions, a large hysteresis during loading and unloading cycles, and a nearly zero steady-state position error. Although a wrist with viscous damping absorbs energy well, it is not capable of stiff manipulation during gentle motions because its compliance is linear. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38720485901&p=1pl&v=1&x=abfI1Td9gCRrj-pmNeUv1g |
10.1007/978-3-319-65127-9_19 | Computer_Science_easy_512 | No programming skills are needed for this. | The 4G/LTE is vulnerable to active privacy attacks by IMSI Catcher, and we found that these attacks can be done quite easily and therefore can impact the confidence and reliability of commercial mobile networks. | They can also be used to eavesdrop on conversations and intercept texts. No programming skills are needed for this. But researchers demonstrated that 4G is also vulnerable to cell site simulator attacks using the same techniques that made 3G devices vulnerable by jamming preferred frequencies to force the target cell phone to use a lower frequencies. | In conclusion, our experiments have verified, independently of other works, that IMSI-catching indeed can be done for the 4G/LTE system too. The 4G/LTE is vulnerable to active privacy attacks by IMSI Catcher, and we found that these attacks can be done quite easily and therefore can impact the confidence and reliability of commercial mobile networks. We showed that these attacks are not limited to clever programmers with special hardware. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38070109527&p=1pl&v=1&x=y7bPE0Bq0R6Ascd6Ld-gew |
10.1088/1741-2560/10/2/026011 | Computer_Science_easy_513 | "Ready, set" was unnecessary -- the neurons simply said, "Go!" | In the path reversals panel, the extremities of the confidence interval overlap with the median because the median value comprises a large proportion of the total number of observations (observations are integer values). | When the monkeys did not know what to expect, their neurons behaved differently. "Ready, set" was unnecessary -- the neurons simply said, "Go!" "This study changes our view of how movement is controlled," Ames stated in a press release. | For each level of delay (horizontal axis), median performance for τ = 0 (blue circle) and for τ = 100 or 200 (red diamond) are shown, with 95% confidence intervals for the median. In the path reversals panel, the extremities of the confidence interval overlap with the median because the median value comprises a large proportion of the total number of observations (observations are integer values). Columns of asterisks indicate the level of significance for a comparison between the present prediction and future prediction condition (p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001 for one, two and three asterisks, respectively). | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/prosthetic-limbs-redesigned-engineers-research-possibility-brain-controlled-limbs-267671 |
10.1038/35019019 | Computer_Science_easy_514 | Circulation, an obvious measure of success for an institution established to lend books to people, is down. | The fact that s ≃ 1 for most f indicates that the network is deflated by nodes breaking off one by one, the increasing error level leading to the isolation of single nodes only, not clusters of nodes. | If you looked at how many people check books out of libraries these days, you would see failure. Circulation, an obvious measure of success for an institution established to lend books to people, is down. But if you only looked at that figure, you'd miss the fascinating transformation public libraries have undergone in recent years. | For random failures no threshold for fragmentation is observed, rather the size of the largest cluster slowly decreases. The fact that s ≃ 1 for most f indicates that the network is deflated by nodes breaking off one by one, the increasing error level leading to the isolation of single nodes only, not clusters of nodes. Thus, in contrast with the catastrophic fragmentation of the exponential network at f c , the scale-free network stays together as a large cluster for very high values of f , providing additional evidence of the topological stability of these networks under random failures. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39827226044&p=1pl&v=1&x=huiJFLEFl1uI5cdWiappGg |
10.1145/2517312.2517319 | Computer_Science_easy_515 | The human ability to recognize patterns far outstrips anything that computers can do and matching this with the user's interpretation of random patterns is clever. | After the Inkblots ⟨I π(1) , . | That's an interesting idea. The human ability to recognize patterns far outstrips anything that computers can do and matching this with the user's interpretation of random patterns is clever. But it does raise the question of how well people will remember their original interpretation of an inkblot. | However, in this case the adversary might fail to crack the password because the GOTCHA solver found the wrong solution to one of the challenges. After the Inkblots ⟨I π(1) , . , ℓ π(k) ⟩ = H ( ⟨I π(1) , . | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.salon.com/2013/10/14/dear_computer_hackers_gotcha_newscred/ |
10.1126/science.aau5347 | Computer_Science_easy_516 | On other words, herbivores need to keep a close eye at each other in order to stay within their protective group. | is in good agreement with our simulations of point-like particles. | The physicists thus created particles with the broad field of view of herbivores and found that they stay together only by lowering their threshold of reaction. On other words, herbivores need to keep a close eye at each other in order to stay within their protective group. With their simple model, it is also explained how the narrow vision of predators is an advantage to detect the presence of preys over long distances. | However, at high a, hsi/N sharply decreases, indicating the loss of the single group in favor of small aggregates. is in good agreement with our simulations of point-like particles. Group formation breaks down when the perception of particles being too far from the group center never exceeds the threshold, regardless of their orientation. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38922197322&p=1pl&v=1&x=AJyBPKZ-51JpdR1fJZyScA |
10.1016/j.jcp.2018.12.009 | Computer_Science_easy_518 | "This new research will enable more accurate and capable virtual experiments of the evolution and treatment of cells--cancerous or healthy--in response to a variety of candidate drugs. | Remarkably, this representation qualifies for a multi-scale characterization of electropermeabilization. | The same kind of electrical pulses could offer more efficient and effective delivery of drugs to fight disease. "This new research will enable more accurate and capable virtual experiments of the evolution and treatment of cells--cancerous or healthy--in response to a variety of candidate drugs. Eventually, electric pulsation might also be used to accelerate the healing of combat wounds." | Their description determines the local behavior of each cell membrane under the influence of its surrounding electric potential in a continuous manner. Remarkably, this representation qualifies for a multi-scale characterization of electropermeabilization. However, we note that in practice these models embody calibrations of free parameters that are tuned by experimenting on populations of cells and extending these measurements to single-cell scale, oversighting the multi-scale nature of electropermeabilization in the experiments. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | https://www.futurity.org/electroporation-simulations-2108122/ |
10.1038/nature19791 | Computer_Science_easy_519 | Executing so many calculations simultaneously would be virtually impossible without Mira's computing power, according to Mulligan. | In all three cases, the NMR spectra had well-dispersed, sharp Structures for gEHE_06, gEEH_04, gEEHE_02 and gHHH_06 were determined by NMR spectroscopy, and the structure of gEHEE_06 was determined by X-ray crystallography. | Though he was not a coauthor on the Nature paper, Alexeev helped Baker's team scale up previous programs it had used to design proteins for modeling peptides on Mira. Executing so many calculations simultaneously would be virtually impossible without Mira's computing power, according to Mulligan. Baker and his colleagues had tasked Mira with modeling millions of potential peptide conformations before, but this study stands out for two reasons. | 4 ) and had a large energy gap in the structure prediction calculations. In all three cases, the NMR spectra had well-dispersed, sharp Structures for gEHE_06, gEEH_04, gEEHE_02 and gHHH_06 were determined by NMR spectroscopy, and the structure of gEHEE_06 was determined by X-ray crystallography. b, Cartoon representation of the lowest energy conformer of each NMR ensemble or crystallographic asymmetric unit (grey) is shown aligned to the design model (rainbow). | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/NEtMYOuW-yc/ |
10.1016/j.diin.2016.07.002 | Computer_Science_easy_520 | This was reasonably funny as a story arc on Arrested Development, when photos purported to be of an Iraqi landscape turned out to show merely a pair of testicles. | However, similarity retrieval and hash-based approaches appear not directly suitable for detecting new or previously unknown media files, because both techniques require the availability of (similar) media files to be indexed or hashed. | This was reasonably funny as a story arc on Arrested Development, when photos purported to be of an Iraqi landscape turned out to show merely a pair of testicles. But the sooner that AI becomes sophisticated enough to separate images of sexual abuse from ones of the desert, the better. Human bodies are a good deal less uniform than more easily recognizable shapes like guns. | By applying a query-by-example technique, visually similar or identical images with respect to the given query can be retrieved. However, similarity retrieval and hash-based approaches appear not directly suitable for detecting new or previously unknown media files, because both techniques require the availability of (similar) media files to be indexed or hashed. This in turn renders these files as already known. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=32820906645&p=1pl&v=1&x=f2pM_qTxuk8BvPsemIhuUw |
10.1038/nature12966 | Computer_Science_easy_521 | While some mice could produce antibodies against the virus, none of their antibodies could neutralize the virus. | Although 17-HD9 and mota bury a similar amount of area on the epitope (690 Å 2 versus 683 Å 2 ), 17-HD9 uses a different paratope to make more hydrogen bonds (15-18 versus 7) that plausibly contribute to its higher scaffold affinity and higher neutralization potency ( Fig. | Unless that it is, if they are against those epitopes (the parts of the pathogen targeted by the immune system) crucial for viral survival, what means that they cannot be changed. While some mice could produce antibodies against the virus, none of their antibodies could neutralize the virus. In contrast, after a few vaccination rounds with the new structures the majority of the macaques were producing neutralizing antibodies what was very promising considering the similarity between our immune systems
"Actually the macaques were producing antibodies more potent than the prophylactic antibody that is used to treat high risk patients, the one from where we started," says Correia, "This when the natural infection exposes multiple viral epitopes, while our scaffolds only have a single epitope supposedly triggering a much more limited immune response. | The , and 85% of the epitope residues buried by either mota or 17-HD9 are also buried by the other ( Fig. Although 17-HD9 and mota bury a similar amount of area on the epitope (690 Å 2 versus 683 Å 2 ), 17-HD9 uses a different paratope to make more hydrogen bonds (15-18 versus 7) that plausibly contribute to its higher scaffold affinity and higher neutralization potency ( Fig. The 17-HD9 complexes are also consistent with the ability of 17-HD9 to bind to the K82E mota escape mutant: density for the K82 side chain is absent in two out of four 17-HD9 complexes, and K82 is only 37% buried by 17-HD9 in the other two complexes (Fig. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.science20.com/catarina_amorim/personalized_vaccine_vaccine_design_gets_turned_its_head-129214 |
10.1016/j.jbi.2015.05.016 | Computer_Science_easy_524 | The clinically validated attributes and risk score are available to all types of healthcare organizations - providers, payers, pharmacy and life sciences. | In particular, in elastic net the coefficientsb are found by 235 solving: which would give slightly better performance. | The clinically validated attributes and risk score are available to all types of healthcare organizations - providers, payers, pharmacy and life sciences. With real-time socioeconomic information, the cutting-edge data analytics model can help caregivers make immediate care decisions, including helping to assess the likelihood of a patient being readmitted to the hospital within 30 days. "That could include someone doing discharge planning having access to the readmission risk score while the patient is still in the hospital or a pharmacist providing a consultation at the counter." | forces some coefficients to be exactly zero. In particular, in elastic net the coefficientsb are found by 235 solving: which would give slightly better performance. However, 263 suggests this value is relatively robust, and we decided not to 264 tune it to save on computation costs, since our results using this 265 value were quite good. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37903313249&p=1pl&v=1&x=j33LdtuqNi1nN0JzwRLFZQ |
10.1093/bioinformatics/btw399 | Computer_Science_easy_525 | "It doesn't have to be this way," Dr. Gatherer said. | Shannon entropy values range from 4.3 (all amino acids equally represented at a site) to 0.0 (invariant site with only one allowed residue). | We know this method is safe, and that it works reasonably well most of the time," Dr. Gatherer explained in a statement. "It doesn't have to be this way," Dr. Gatherer said. Our collaboration has found a way to select epitopes reaching full population coverage." | Sequences for each influenza A protein type were clustered with 96-99% sequence similarity. Shannon entropy values range from 4.3 (all amino acids equally represented at a site) to 0.0 (invariant site with only one allowed residue). As a result, we obtained consensus sequences with variable positions, H > 0, masked. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.redorbit.com/news/health/1113416069/universal-flu-vaccine-100216/ |
10.1073/pnas.0403723101 | Computer_Science_easy_527 | Change is long overdue." | Our perspective-heuristic framework is not minimal, because we show in an earlier paper (8) that two problem solvers with distinct perspectives and heuristics can act identically in the space of solutions. | Diversifying science brings with it the possibility of changing science itself." Change is long overdue." Diversity enhances the capacity of science to better understand the processes of the world. | A diverse group is one whose agents' mappings are diverse. Our perspective-heuristic framework is not minimal, because we show in an earlier paper (8) that two problem solvers with distinct perspectives and heuristics can act identically in the space of solutions. However, the advantage of the full framework is that it generalizes models in the computer science literature that focus on diverse heuristics (1, 2), and models in the organizational behavior and psychology literature, which often emphasize diverse perspectives (3, 4, 6). | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38744591049&p=1pl&v=1&x=3RrJlf6OjZCjICeVObxFCw |
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005823 | Computer_Science_easy_529 | And the algorithms were able to identify one species--called Risso's dolphin--by sound alone. | 27]. | "Yeah, more than i would like to spend my time sifting through." And the algorithms were able to identify one species--called Risso's dolphin--by sound alone. [Kaitlin E. Frasier et al., Automated classification of dolphin echolocation click types from the Gulf of Mexico]
Traditional marine mammal surveys scan surface waters from a boat, and extrapolate from there. | Third, site-specific conditions do not offer an explanation for the consistent relationships between click type spectral shape and ICI distributions across deployments spanning multiple years, or why ICI distributions have consistent modal values. 27]. Species differences may explain these observations. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=32776613231&p=1pl&v=1&x=ZJ8HWWr9gTkhDlq0Z-Ob_Q |
10.1038/srep34468 | Computer_Science_easy_534 | "This approach uses something we do normally -- interacting with a digital device -- so it does not add any additional burden or take time away from daily activities," he says. | Choosing spouses allowed us to limit the effect of confounding variables, such as age, education and gender. | In this way the technique, which is based on technology originally developed to replace computer passwords, allows Parkinson's signs to be monitored as people perform ordinary tasks such as typing emails or updating their Facebook status, according to Luca Giancardo, a former Catalyst Fellow in the Madrid-MIT M+Vision Consortium in the Research Laboratory of Electronics at MIT, and one of the paper's lead authors. "This approach uses something we do normally -- interacting with a digital device -- so it does not add any additional burden or take time away from daily activities," he says. Medication to replace dopamine levels or mimic dopamine's activity can help to lessen the severity of its signs. | Additionally, being able to measure PD symptoms privately, without having to use a dedicated tool visible to co-workers will reduce the stigma of the disease, especially at the early stages . Choosing spouses allowed us to limit the effect of confounding variables, such as age, education and gender. Table 1 shows a summary of these confounding variables for the PD and control groups. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://news.mit.edu/2016/keyboard-monitoring-parkinsons-symptoms-1005 |
10.1073/pnas.1408071112 | Computer_Science_easy_536 | "As we count proteins in groups and assess how they assemble, we will be moving toward ways of diagnosing group-size anomalies associated with disease." | A short time later, the fluorophore irreversibly photobleaches. | "As we count proteins in groups and assess how they assemble, we will be moving toward ways of diagnosing group-size anomalies associated with disease." "Super-resolution imaging techniques are way ahead of analysis techniques," Presse said. Counting these proteins in a group should be as easy as counting light bulbs except that these light bulbs flicker. | The light stochastically triggers fluorophore activation. A short time later, the fluorophore irreversibly photobleaches. The low probability of photoactivation ensures that two fluorophores separated less than the diffraction limit will most probably not emit simultaneously. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/12/141222165435.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news%2Ftop_health+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+Health+News%29 |
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.01.001 | Computer_Science_easy_537 | "We think this study, and others like it, provide a good starting point for understanding possible treatments for memory disorders," Vaz said. | This amplitude should not be significantly impacted by the presence or absence of any high frequency oscillations. | This was particularly true in a brain region known as the medial temporal lobe, a structure thought to play a critical role in the formation of both short-term and long-term memories. They found that during memory formation, brain activity became more disorganized in the frontal lobe, an area involved in executive control and attention, and in the temporal lobe, an area more implicated in memory and language. "We think this study, and others like it, provide a good starting point for understanding possible treatments for memory disorders," Vaz said. | The amplitude of the phase-triggered average waveform reflects a combination of both the consistency and the strength of the modulating low frequency signal. This amplitude should not be significantly impacted by the presence or absence of any high frequency oscillations. We found that, in an exemplar electrode, the amplitude of the average waveform is significantly correlated with the extent to which PAC was measured across all trials (r=0.663, p < .001; Fig. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/nnaQ4U2c1ws/ |
10.1073/pnas.1800923115 | Computer_Science_easy_538 | The algorithms developed in our work could also be put to use here," says Novati. | In the early stages of training (first 10000 transitions -green bars), the swimmer does not show a strong preference for maintaining any particular separation distance. | Verma emphasizes that the simulations didn't examine every aspect involved in the efficient swimming behavior of fish, but the algorithms they developed and the physics they learned more about could be useful for autonomously swimming or flying robots. An autonomous robot swimmer or flyer could handle unexpected flow situations--for example, when flying between buildings in high winds to deliver goods, or during search and rescue operations in stormy conditions. The algorithms developed in our work could also be put to use here," says Novati. | The smart-follower is capable of adapting to deviations in the leader's trajectory (Supplementary Movie S3), as these situations are encountered when performing random actions during training. In the early stages of training (first 10000 transitions -green bars), the swimmer does not show a strong preference for maintaining any particular separation distance. Towards the end of training (last 10000 transitions -lilac bars), the swimmer displays a strong preference for maintaining a separation-distance of either ∆x = 1.5L or 2.2L. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | https://www.futurity.org/swimming-fish-energy-flow-dynamics-1777052/ |
10.1038/s41598-018-31697-8 | Computer_Science_easy_539 | Not only does it work for light scattering through a material, it would also work for light scattering off of a surface -- say the paint on a wall. | Furthermore, the results are largely unaffected by the motion of the scatterer, as can be seen by comparing them against the ground truth object. | The technique has many potential applications. Not only does it work for light scattering through a material, it would also work for light scattering off of a surface -- say the paint on a wall. This could allow security cameras to work around corners or even through frosted glass. | The single-shot coded ME approach, however, enables a clear understanding of the evolution of the scene (see Fig. Furthermore, the results are largely unaffected by the motion of the scatterer, as can be seen by comparing them against the ground truth object. For the results shown above, we typically set the camera integration time to approximately 100 s in order to overcome the readout detector noise on the CCD camera and achieve an excellent signal to noise ratio (SNR, typically 100). | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37227233631&p=1pl&v=1&x=CYOiwBrYwvS_zCvYfelF7w |
10.1136/jamia.2009.001750 | Computer_Science_easy_540 | We needed desperately to know the name of the microbe that was trying to kill her. | Duplicate testing occurred in 27/85 (32%) patients and was categorized as 'not clinically indicated' in 17/ 85 (20%) patients (table 2). | We needed desperately to know the name of the microbe that was trying to kill her. Critical minutes ticked by but the medical records manager of the other hospital insisted I send a distorted message via 19th-century technology before she would release the information. [C]ountless patients suffer the steely stabs of our needles as we repeat tests that they received just hours ago in different facilities. | A total of 833 ACHD patients were hospitalized under the guidance of the BACH service during the 2-year study time period. Duplicate testing occurred in 27/85 (32%) patients and was categorized as 'not clinically indicated' in 17/ 85 (20%) patients (table 2). Fifty percent of the patients with duplicative testing had more than one test duplicated. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39014071705&p=1pl&v=1&x=4yJ6ylqW3TV6CWieTsZCAQ |
10.1126/science.aat4807 | Computer_Science_easy_541 | Secure computation done at such a massive scale could enable broad pooling of sensitive pharmacological data for predictive drug discovery. | The top prediction from both methods was an interaction between the estrogen receptor (ER) and droloxifene, which had reached phase 3 clinical trials as an ER modulator for advanced breast cancer (25) . | Secure computation done at such a massive scale could enable broad pooling of sensitive pharmacological data for predictive drug discovery. Models can be trained to crunch datasets of known DTIs and then, using that information, find novel drug candidates. Cryptography methods to secure the data are so computationally intensive they don't scale well to datasets beyond, say, tens of thousands of DTIs, which is relatively small. | It will be interesting to find out whether this interaction is confirmed by other studies. The top prediction from both methods was an interaction between the estrogen receptor (ER) and droloxifene, which had reached phase 3 clinical trials as an ER modulator for advanced breast cancer (25) . All of our findings were obtained without revealing any information about the underlying drugs, targets, and interactions during the computation. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://news.mit.edu/2018/cryptographic-protocol-collaboration-drug-discovery-1018 |
10.1038/srep03812 | Computer_Science_easy_542 | "This is a great example showing how curiosity leads to innovative work." | Fully reversible responses were observed after tens of bending cycles. | "Now our students showed that this can be done simply with a pencil and paper -- and it works," Huang said. "This is a great example showing how curiosity leads to innovative work." Other applications of the pencil-and-paper technology could be more unconventional. | Similarly, the device exhibited a sharp drop in resistance when a compressive strain was applied followed by a rapid return to the base resistance when the strain was removed. Fully reversible responses were observed after tens of bending cycles. Upon exposure to VOCs, the polymer matrix is swollen, resulting in more separated carbon particles in the percolating network and thus increased resistance (Figure 5e ). | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/01/140122202308.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1515/popets-2015-0007 | Computer_Science_easy_543 | But he wasn't finding much. | The top two URL+title pairs for the female group was for a generic job posting service and for an auto dealer. | "If you are open for business, you can't discriminate against certain protected classes," Selbst said. But the disparate-impact doctrine does not apply to the online world, where it's often difficult to determine how and why different prices are being offered. But he wasn't finding much. | Google showed the ads 1852 times to the male group but just 318 times to the female group. The top two URL+title pairs for the female group was for a generic job posting service and for an auto dealer. The found discrimination in this experiment was predominately from a pair of job-related ads for the same service making the finding highly sensitive to changes in the serving of these ads. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2015/09/princeton-review-expensive-asian-students/403510/ |
10.1038/s41586-019-0939-3 | Computer_Science_easy_545 | Because spatial disorientation and loss of memory are one of the first symptoms of Alzheimer's disease -- which destroys hippocampal neurons in its earliest stages -- these findings can further research efforts to understand the causes and potential cures for Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases. | Under gain-adjusted conditions, CA1 units (7.2 ± 5.8 (mean ± s.d.) | The study's findings add additional evidence toward how memories, inherently grounded in time and space, are formed. Because spatial disorientation and loss of memory are one of the first symptoms of Alzheimer's disease -- which destroys hippocampal neurons in its earliest stages -- these findings can further research efforts to understand the causes and potential cures for Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases. "As an engineer, I find it particularly exciting that our interdisciplinary approach can be used to understand some of the most complex cognitive processing systems in the brain," adds Cowan. | For G > 1, the landmarks moved in the opposite direction, meaning that the rat ran a greater distance in the landmark frame than in the laboratory frame. Under gain-adjusted conditions, CA1 units (7.2 ± 5.8 (mean ± s.d.) units per session) tended to fire in normal, spatially specific place fields when the firing was plotted in the landmark frame, but not when plotted in the laboratory frame (Fig. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38508761472&p=1pl&v=1&x=rp-fvtU__EJpC0YUT2cLaw |
10.1080/17543266.2014.923049 | Computer_Science_easy_546 | Although the study is part of a project aimed at 'recording the motion of ballet dancers for both performance analysis and corrective coaching' explain the authors, the techniques used to produce the avatar could have applications within a range of disciplines, including performing arts, sports and fashion. | There are a number of tools within the software which can be used to attempt to 'clean up' the mesh such as: removing duplicate or null faces, merging close vertices, and flipping faces whose normals are opposite to all of its adjacent faces. | Led by two scientists at Manchester Metropolitan University, UK, the research illustrates the 'workflow for producing and animating a realistic virtual human ...using infrared depth sensing technology'. Although the study is part of a project aimed at 'recording the motion of ballet dancers for both performance analysis and corrective coaching' explain the authors, the techniques used to produce the avatar could have applications within a range of disciplines, including performing arts, sports and fashion. No doubt this exciting new study prepares the grounds for future investigations, and the Manchester team are already looking to take things further in the virtual environment and develop even more realistic and accurate avatars. | The scanner itself can be made mobile with a set-up and collapse time of only a few hours. There are a number of tools within the software which can be used to attempt to 'clean up' the mesh such as: removing duplicate or null faces, merging close vertices, and flipping faces whose normals are opposite to all of its adjacent faces. The software was found to be somewhat unreliable and had the tendency to crash when multiple operations were performed. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/07/140723110707.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1016/j.joi.2015.07.006 | Computer_Science_easy_547 | Or perhaps the media is obsessed with driving us mad, curating each and every one--for our health, well-being, and financial worth. | Assuming that the rate of transition between states is X ti and X tj is exp −µd(Xt i ,Xt j ) , with µ being the scaling function, and, the probability of citing the paper is 1 when the peak in the number of citations is reached, the probability of citing the paper at time t is given by P Xt n−t0 (t). | They alter readers' lifestyle choices and drive consumer marketing trends. Or perhaps the media is obsessed with driving us mad, curating each and every one--for our health, well-being, and financial worth. It's no surprise then that researchers are also adjusting to today's volume of information, along with its short shelf-life. | The autocorrelation function has an exact solution for an ultrametric space defined by a hierarchical tree. Assuming that the rate of transition between states is X ti and X tj is exp −µd(Xt i ,Xt j ) , with µ being the scaling function, and, the probability of citing the paper is 1 when the peak in the number of citations is reached, the probability of citing the paper at time t is given by P Xt n−t0 (t). When the number of states is finite, such an autocorrelation function is exponential in nature, otherwise it follows a power law behavior . | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/03/12/why-studies-have-driven-us-mad.html |
10.1073/pnas.1718648115 | Computer_Science_easy_550 | While the PNAS results provide a truly new and completely immersive piloting strategy with a focus on characterizing the relevant torso parameters, leaving the head, limbs, hands and feet free to perform other actions, their proof-of-concept system still requires body markers and external motion detectors in order to work. | 1C ; see also SI Appendix). | He adds, "The approach significantly improves the teleoperation of robots with non-human mechanical attributes." While the PNAS results provide a truly new and completely immersive piloting strategy with a focus on characterizing the relevant torso parameters, leaving the head, limbs, hands and feet free to perform other actions, their proof-of-concept system still requires body markers and external motion detectors in order to work. The next steps are to make the torso strategy completely wearable for piloting flying objects. | This was observed even if, with this reduced number of participants, there were no differences in terms of performances across the three strategies (P = 0.25). 1C ; see also SI Appendix). After completing the VR training and the free flight, the participants were able to steer the quadcopter along the defined path with an average percentage of validly crossed gates (PVC, 19) of 87.67 ± 9.88% (Movie S5). | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34558158161&p=1pl&v=1&x=2k6qAj-rsU9AZsf1qXTJcg |
10.1038/s41598-019-44221-3 | Computer_Science_easy_551 | Researchers say it could support research involving mice, which play a crucial role in testing new therapies for human diseases. | Element separation is required where components of the call have different amplitudes. | The computer tool can reveal valuable insights into rodents' communication patterns and is more reliable than existing methods, which rely on human interpretation. Researchers say it could support research involving mice, which play a crucial role in testing new therapies for human diseases. The new approach used machine learning techniques to make analysis faster, more reliable, and less subjective than human interpretation, the researchers say. | Specifically, we note the following characteristics for each call class: (1) Complex calls included one component containing two or more directional changes in frequency, each ≥6.25 kHz; (2) Two-component calls have two parts: a main call (flat or downward) with an additional shorter component at a different frequency towards the end; (3) Upward calls are a single harmonic that increases in frequency ≥12.5 kHz from beginning to end; (4) Downward calls follow the opposite trajectory to Upward calls, with a single harmonic that decreases in frequency ≥12.5 kHz from beginning to end; (5) Chevron calls resemble an 'inverted-U'; (6) Short calls are brief single harmonic calls ≤5 ms; Composite calls are formed by two harmonically independent components emitted simultaneously at different frequencies; (8) Frequency step calls include multiple instantaneous frequency harmonics appearing as a vertically discontinuous "step" on a spectrogram, but with no interruption in time; Flat calls are a single constant harmonic at a stable frequency (≤3 kHz change). Element separation is required where components of the call have different amplitudes. Adjustment of the hold threshold length is necessary where calls may have extended pauses between components (see Table 2 for settings for call types). | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39980786851&p=1pl&v=1&x=Xhp9mNWsjiLGEVqmu08Yug |
10.1038/s42256-018-0015-y | Computer_Science_easy_553 | The strict teacher
The Whetstone process, Aimone said, can be visualized as a class of talkative students, ruled by a newly strict teacher, who are tasked with identifying an object on the teacher's desk. | As GPUs and and other architectures increasingly pursue the ability to perform sparse computations efficiently, the resulting binary communication from the Whetstone method is well suited for such approaches. | It provides a standardized way to train traditional neural networks that are amenable for deployment on neuromorphic systems, which had previously been done in an ad hoc manner." The strict teacher
The Whetstone process, Aimone said, can be visualized as a class of talkative students, ruled by a newly strict teacher, who are tasked with identifying an object on the teacher's desk. Both options increase the time and cost of commercial artificial intelligence products, lessen their security and privacy and make their acceptance less likely. | Not only does the Whetstone method offer a means to make use of emerging low power neuromorphic hardware, but it may be beneficial for other accelerators as well. As GPUs and and other architectures increasingly pursue the ability to perform sparse computations efficiently, the resulting binary communication from the Whetstone method is well suited for such approaches. For example, if an architecture can replace multiplications with signed addition the binarization of the communication by the Whestone method converts an ANN to a suitable representation. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38650188944&p=1pl&v=1&x=YFT-BMkwZFe4NLOD6XmlUQ |
10.1145/3090090 | Computer_Science_easy_554 | "The proof of concept we've developed is exciting today, and we think it could impact everyday devices in the future." | 11(a) shows that the signal strength of the received speech at the basestation decreases as the distance increases. | Using off-the-shelf components on a printed circuit board, the team demonstrated that the prototype can perform basic phone functions -- transmitting speech and data and receiving user input via buttons. "The proof of concept we've developed is exciting today, and we think it could impact everyday devices in the future." "And if every house has a Wi-Fi router in it, you could get battery-free cellphone coverage everywhere." | For all practical purposes such as human hearing and interpretation, a PESQ ≥ 1 is considered to be sufficient . 11(a) shows that the signal strength of the received speech at the basestation decreases as the distance increases. At small distances, due to non-linearities in the JFET and the matching network, the received signal strength is slightly higher than the theory. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/EubzDUqdA0U/ |
10.1098/rspb.2014.1370 | Computer_Science_easy_555 | Indeed, the study found no evidence for a Markovian process. | We found that the letter order in the English language is best modelled by a ZOMP, whereas previous work has indicated that an SOMP is a more appropriate model . | Using the Markov process to examine animal vocalization means that the sequence of variables -- in this case, the vocal elements -- is dependent only on a finite number of preceding vocal elements, making the process fairly random and far different from the complexity inherent in human language. Indeed, the study found no evidence for a Markovian process. The researchers used mathematical models to analyze the vocal sequences of chickadees, finches, bats, orangutans, killer whales, pilot whales and hyraxes, and found most of the vocal sequences were more consistent with statistical models that are more complex than Markov processes and more language-like. | The results of our test for robustness show that, with the exception of the pilot whale data, wherever a clear best-fit model is indicated, the chosen model is consistent between larger sub-sample sizes, and we believe that this is an indication of reliability of our conclusions. We found that the letter order in the English language is best modelled by a ZOMP, whereas previous work has indicated that an SOMP is a more appropriate model . However, English is clearly neither a ZOMP nor an FOMP, and so the resemblance of a corpus of English letters to one or the other may be more dependent on the metric used to assess similarity, rather than the underlying stochastic processes. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/08/140819200209.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news%2Ftop_science+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+Science+News%29 |
10.1073/pnas.1701352114 | Computer_Science_easy_557 | So, it's vital that we continue to further our understanding of this part of the brain," he says. | ; Fig. | So, it's vital that we continue to further our understanding of this part of the brain," he says. By measuring their brain activity, the researchers identified three previously unknown traits of the system:
Humans rescale their internal coordinate system according to the size of each new environment. This flexibility differs from rodents' rigid map that has a constant grid scale and empowers humans to navigate diverse places. | The average grid period of PGCs determined in the small environment showed a significant expansion when probed in the larger environments [Wilcoxon signed rank test, P (n = = 1.2937e −04 ; Fig. No significant difference in grid periods between the large environments (LV and LX) was found owing to the similarity of their dimensions [Wilcoxon signed rank test, P (n = 5) = 0.3125; Fig. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.futurity.org/navigation-scaling-mechanism-1403342-2/ |
10.1098/rsif.2013.1211 | Computer_Science_easy_558 | But that will not tell you how to think through the problem so that you can generalize the solution to a related problem. | What counts as evidence for process contagion is a significant interaction between question and topology, showing that the increase in performance in the network group is greater than the increase in performance in the Baseline group. | And that works short term. But that will not tell you how to think through the problem so that you can generalize the solution to a related problem. You become dependent to your social network." | Processing contagion should improve performance from one question to the next, in addition to improving performance from one trial to the next. What counts as evidence for process contagion is a significant interaction between question and topology, showing that the increase in performance in the network group is greater than the increase in performance in the Baseline group. We detected no such significant interaction for any topology, all z , 1.05, all p . | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.technology.org/2014/02/24/oregon-study-imitation-flattery-limits-analytical-thinking/ |
10.1145/2675133.2675290 | Computer_Science_easy_559 | Among other critiques, Morozov voiced two important questions in a larger debate over the value of collective action online. | Whereas .8% of individuals who did not Table 1 : Adoption Probability for Exposed Users, by Age and Gender list any education level adopted, 1.0% of high school graduates did so, the proportion increasing to 2.4% for users with college degrees and to 4.6% for users with graduate educations. | Experts downplayed the importance of such actions; Global Voices Iran editor Fred Petrossian argued that talk of a Twitter revolution "reveals more about Western fantasies for new media than the reality in Iran." Among other critiques, Morozov voiced two important questions in a larger debate over the value of collective action online. First, he argued that social-media solidarity has an unknown effect toward political change, perhaps even siphoning energy away from more effective action. | Individuals who listed higher education were also more likely to display the equal sign picture than those individuals not listing education. Whereas .8% of individuals who did not Table 1 : Adoption Probability for Exposed Users, by Age and Gender list any education level adopted, 1.0% of high school graduates did so, the proportion increasing to 2.4% for users with college degrees and to 4.6% for users with graduate educations. Individuals listing themselves as "Interested in" persons of the same gender as themselves were 8 times more likely (11.0%) to adopt the equal sign than individuals whose "Interested in" field indicated persons of the opposite gender (1.4%). | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/06/were-all-those-rainbow-profile-photos-another-facebook-experiment/397088/ |
10.1145/2567948.2576948 | Computer_Science_easy_561 | If you try to sneak one past the Group it will likely be caught by an "anti-bot bot.") | Concluding, we have contributed a useful toolset and performed a preliminary global study with interesting insights that is the first in a series of future studies and applications by us and others. | (To run on Wikipedia, they must pass through a Bot Approval Group. If you try to sneak one past the Group it will likely be caught by an "anti-bot bot.") When he had to move out of his apartment unexpectedly, he found himself without a place to connect the computer to the Internet. | At the end of the observation, from all 287 Wikipedias and Wikidata, exactly 260 (∼ 90.3%) were edited. Our toolset being publicly available, interested parties can run longer analyses at will. Concluding, we have contributed a useful toolset and performed a preliminary global study with interesting insights that is the first in a series of future studies and applications by us and others. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.newsweek.com/wikipedia-edited-bots-thats-good-thing-230234 |
10.1038/s41928-018-0072-6 | Computer_Science_easy_562 | This new telemetry approach will make possible the long-sought goal of successfully detecting tiny physical or chemical actuation from contactless microsensors." | If the coupling strength exceeds a certain threshold, the system can reach equilibrium, since the energy in the active tank can flow fast enough into the passive one to compensate its power dissipation. | The researchers were able to show this phenomenon in a telemetric sensor system based on a radio-frequency electronic circuit, which exhibited drastically improved resolution and sensitivity compared to conventional sensors. This new approach may allow researchers to overcome the current challenges in deploying ubiquitous networks of long-lasting, unobtrusive microsensors to monitor large areas. This new telemetry approach will make possible the long-sought goal of successfully detecting tiny physical or chemical actuation from contactless microsensors." | This can be explained by the fact that, if the coupling strength is weak, the energy in the active -RLC tank cannot flow fast enough into the passive RLC tank to compensate for the absorption, thereby resulting in a non-equilibrium system with complex eigenfrequencies. If the coupling strength exceeds a certain threshold, the system can reach equilibrium, since the energy in the active tank can flow fast enough into the passive one to compensate its power dissipation. 3a , we observe that at higher , the threshold of for the phase transition ( EP ) can be reduced. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34048776858&p=1pl&v=1&x=KPOFS4udrKHxZ9cLHCtjtg |
10.1038/srep01360 | Computer_Science_easy_563 | The answer gives pause for thought. | Formally, the mutual information, I(X, Y), between variables X and Y, equals H(X) 1 H(Y) -H(X, Y), where H(X) is the information (entropy) in X, and H(X, Y) is the joint entropy of X and Y. | The answer gives pause for thought. It turns out that in these circumstances, the way people modify their answer follows a simple and linear mathematical rule. That's a surprise for two reasons. | how much knowing one of these variables reduces uncertainty about the other 21 . Formally, the mutual information, I(X, Y), between variables X and Y, equals H(X) 1 H(Y) -H(X, Y), where H(X) is the information (entropy) in X, and H(X, Y) is the joint entropy of X and Y. If X and Y are independent then H(X, Y) 5 H(X) 1 H(Y), and thus the mutual information, I(X, Y), equals 0. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.technologyreview.com/view/511301/decisions-and-the-influence-of-others?nopaging=1 |
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.04.009 | Computer_Science_easy_564 | "One in five people with mild cognitive impairment go on to develop Alzheimer's and this will identify the connections that break down at the early phase of the disease," he said. | The SMA and rolandic areas are activated during the movements essential for speech production , thereby suggesting this subnetwork is specialised for sensorimotor integration. | Mr Perry said the next step would be to use the same methods to map the connectome of those with mild cognitive impairment. "One in five people with mild cognitive impairment go on to develop Alzheimer's and this will identify the connections that break down at the early phase of the disease," he said. "We would then be able to predict with greater accuracy if someone is at increased risk of Alzheimer's, and could develop new approaches to treatments." | The first bundle of the second left-lateralized subnetwork interconnects parietal (angular and Geschwind's area) regions with temporal (middle and superior) areas, and the second is consistent with arcuate fasciculus circuits connecting Wernicke's to Broca's area. The SMA and rolandic areas are activated during the movements essential for speech production , thereby suggesting this subnetwork is specialised for sensorimotor integration. Nevertheless, these strong leftward lateralizations are surprising given decreased functional specialisation of both prefrontal and language networks is typically reported with age Cabeza et al., 2002; Davis et al., 2012) . | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/brain-nerves/63595-scientists-map-healthy-elderly-brain.html |
10.1098/rspb.2013.0077 | Computer_Science_easy_566 | The researchers are currently attempting to get regulatory approval to begin clinical trials in the United States and Europe as well. | However, the remaining visual pathway, from the bipolar cells onwards, remains largely functional. | "The results published today show definite promise to one day restore functional vision to patients with advanced-stage retinitis pigmentosa." Clinical studies of the implant are also taking place in England and Hong Kong. The researchers are currently attempting to get regulatory approval to begin clinical trials in the United States and Europe as well. | These data show that subretinal implants can restore visual functions that are useful for daily life. However, the remaining visual pathway, from the bipolar cells onwards, remains largely functional. However, complicated goggles with high-luminance laser stimulators are necessary for providing sufficiently bright images to drive such passive light sensors. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.livescience.com/27252-eye-implant-restores-vision-blind.html |
10.1038/s41562-017-0273-4 | Computer_Science_easy_567 | While most people's estimates were too high or too low -- falling an average of 37 lbs. | But the evidence is not exhaustive and does not necessarily imply positive evidence for the hypothesis that our crowd shared arguments during deliberation. | While most people's estimates were too high or too low -- falling an average of 37 lbs. -- the median of everyone's guess was off by only 9 lbs., or less than 1 percent of the true weight of the ox. This example illustrates what has come to be known as the "wisdom of crowds" effect. | The above analysis definitively rejects the more simplified models of consensus. But the evidence is not exhaustive and does not necessarily imply positive evidence for the hypothesis that our crowd shared arguments during deliberation. The procedure with highest endorsement was "We shared arguments and reasoned together" (mean rating ± s.e.m across all questions: 7.7 ± 0.2, mode rating: 10; z > 7.05, P < 10 −12 for all comparisons, Table 1 ). | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33546472265&p=1pl&v=1&x=m0YzH3GvqBEVW56wBmptdA |
10.1038/nature13457 | Computer_Science_easy_569 | Indeed, "For the zero-knowledge property to be conserved, neither the signal nor the noise may carry information," the authors write. | They achieve the paradoxical goal of allowing one to prove that a statement is true without revealing why it is true. | Even statistical noise -- or random variation in neutron measurement -- would convey no data. Indeed, "For the zero-knowledge property to be conserved, neither the signal nor the noise may carry information," the authors write. A necessary future step is to assess this proposition fully, and to develop and review a concept of operations in detail to determine actual viability and information sensitivity. | Such agreements would require new verification approaches, including inspections of individual nuclear warheads in storage and warheads entering the dismantlement queue. They achieve the paradoxical goal of allowing one to prove that a statement is true without revealing why it is true. Such proofs are extremely useful for many digital applications, including privacy-preserving data mining, electronic voting and online auctions . | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/5HBLrnzMT4w/ |
10.1126/scirobotics.aaw6736 | Computer_Science_easy_570 | Applications of the Maryland research could extend far beyond robotics. | 3) Sequences can be interpreted as a succession of ordered pairs. | "Our hyperdimensional framework can address each of these goals." Applications of the Maryland research could extend far beyond robotics. Hyperdimensional computing could provide a faster and more efficient alternative model to the iterative neural net and deep learning AI methods currently used in computing applications such as data mining, visual recognition and translating images to text. | Given c and knowing P and one of the pairs, the other can be found. 3) Sequences can be interpreted as a succession of ordered pairs. Thus, a sequence C 1 , C 2 ,…C n is equivalent to | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39233550184&p=1pl&v=1&x=fAcjMEn_4kCs-HjzhjlwVQ |
10.1126/science.aaq1118 | Computer_Science_easy_571 | "Take for example geology, where students have to learn to differentiate between rocks or geologic formations that may have a highly similar appearance," said Sims. | The assumed loss function, Lðx;xÞ, in this example is squared error. | The finding, which was published in the journal Science, is an outgrowth of National Science Foundation-supported research into improving pedagogy in STEM fields, which often rely heavily on perceptual abilities and perceptual expertise, said Chris Sims, a Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute assistant professor of cognitive science. "Take for example geology, where students have to learn to differentiate between rocks or geologic formations that may have a highly similar appearance," said Sims. But understanding how the brain works can help us build better classroom training exercises that teach those abilities more efficiently." | This exponential generalization pattern has indeed proved to be near-universal, and the success of the empirical law has been impressive, accounting for data spanning a wide range of domains, sensory modalities, and across multiple species (6-8). The assumed loss function, Lðx;xÞ, in this example is squared error. (B) The precision and bias of the perceptual channel depend on the available capacity; higher channel capacity enables lower perceptual error and hence lower expected cost. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37159648169&p=1pl&v=1&x=A_GaRtVE14MsUmj_yYXrbg |
10.1073/pnas.1221839110 | Computer_Science_easy_572 | The researchers analyzed a data collection of 3.7 million nodes and found that connections between Gore's 1976 filing and other patents formed 39 distinct communities in the database. | These assumptions capture that the connections between nodes can be explained by their memberships in multiple communities, even if we do not know where those communities lie. | Blei likens it to finding your way from New York to Los Angeles by stopping random people and asking for directions -- if you ask enough people, you will eventually find your way. advertisement
"With noisy measurements, you can still make good progress by doing it many times as long as the average gives you the correct result," he said. The researchers analyzed a data collection of 3.7 million nodes and found that connections between Gore's 1976 filing and other patents formed 39 distinct communities in the database. | If these indicators point to the same community, then it connects nodes i and j with high probability; otherwise, they are likely to be unconnected. These assumptions capture that the connections between nodes can be explained by their memberships in multiple communities, even if we do not know where those communities lie. (In the full model, they will also have a small probability of being connected when the indicators are different, but this simplified version gives the intuition.) | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/12/131202121546.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1073/pnas.1216338110 | Computer_Science_easy_573 | In addition, passive participants, who don't recruit others but may help with the task if they were to come across a balloon, play an important role. | Mobilization requires highly connected, highly active individuals to be motivated to propagate the message to a large number of friends, and to mobilize people in distant locations, overcoming the local trapping of diffusion in highly dense areas. | Small world
Rallying thousands of people requires leaders who respond rapidly, have many connections and forward information much faster than the average person, the researchers found. In addition, passive participants, who don't recruit others but may help with the task if they were to come across a balloon, play an important role. Being successful also relied on the "small world" phenomenon. | Our results demonstrate, surprisingly, that the DARPA Network Challenge outcome is plausible, and thus it is not simply a fluke that can only be explained by the role of mass media. Mobilization requires highly connected, highly active individuals to be motivated to propagate the message to a large number of friends, and to mobilize people in distant locations, overcoming the local trapping of diffusion in highly dense areas. Moreover, even under highly favorable conditions, the risk of mobilization failure remains significant. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.livescience.com/28341-social-media-helps-mobilize-society.html |
10.1038/srep41870 | Computer_Science_easy_574 | This study suggests that the practice of avoiding moral assessments can be the best policy when assessing those who refuse to help ("punish") wrongdoers. | This leads to the second term in the sum for g X . | Indeed, under the Staying rule, good cooperators can proliferate no matter how many freeloaders surround them, so long as the error rate is sufficiently small. This study suggests that the practice of avoiding moral assessments can be the best policy when assessing those who refuse to help ("punish") wrongdoers. "Reputation-seeking punishment, described as I'll punish your bad behavior to make me look good,' may not be the best way to subvert a population of freeloaders," says Sasaki. | Stern-judging assigns a good image to those who refuse help for a bad recipient and a bad image to those who give help for a bad recipient. This leads to the second term in the sum for g X . This conditional probability is (1 -e 1 )e 2 + e 1 (1 -e 2 ) = 1 -ε. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/02/170207105331.htm |
10.1145/3219819.3219896 | Computer_Science_easy_575 | Some basic things were known about the lead-pipe distribution: The pipes were most likely to be found in postwar homes, built when Flint experienced major expansions, and least likely to be found in newer homes. | IWAL more effectively optimizes HVI hit rate. | That's what started the problem. The decay of infrastructure built decades ago is not only in the metal, but in the data cataloging that lets the city's government and residents understand the state of the water system. Some basic things were known about the lead-pipe distribution: The pipes were most likely to be found in postwar homes, built when Flint experienced major expansions, and least likely to be found in newer homes. | egreedy(0) tends to over-inspect whereas egreedy (1) is too conservative. IWAL more effectively optimizes HVI hit rate. activities different than Flint FAST Start. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38146229343&p=1pl&v=1&x=7VTy1-8iHCQ3LCaXUuskcQ |
10.1126/scirobotics.aat1893 | Computer_Science_easy_576 | The UC team says their eel is likely the softest underwater robot yet developed. | By inserting Eq. | Their eel-like creation could one day become a preferred way to study marine life since it's not as big and loud as the motor-driven remote-operated underwater vehicles used today. The UC team says their eel is likely the softest underwater robot yet developed. Softer robots are less likely to damage underwater structures like coral reefs or the animals themselves if they accidentally come into contact with them. | 1 to be the leadingorder expression for the longitudinal strain in the extreme tensile fiber of the beam, we find, after dropping a constant of 3/2, that By inserting Eq. 3 and rearranging, we find the leading-order functional dependence of the curvature to be This result suggests that the curvature is proportional to the square of the applied voltage and inversely proportional to the thickness of the actuator to the third power. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33888314821&p=1pl&v=1&x=BSLp9FW0F5eXwWccmy_cSA |
10.1007/978-3-319-67256-4_3 | Computer_Science_easy_578 | Depending on their syntacic complexity, two sentences of similar lengths will place widely variable demands on their readers and reflect far different commands of writerly sophistication. | VKs support team confirmed to us that the data downloaded via their API may be used for research purposes. | Still more troubling, neither study takes into account the role played by the complexity of sentence structure, which place the most intense demands on readers and writers alike. Depending on their syntacic complexity, two sentences of similar lengths will place widely variable demands on their readers and reflect far different commands of writerly sophistication. With only 7% of its words unfamiliar to a typical fourth grader, the first example nets a Dale-Chall readability score that puts it within the grasp of fifth to sixth graders, or at about the level of most mass circulation US newspapers. | In particular, it is possible to download user profiles from certain educational institutions and within selected age ranges. VKs support team confirmed to us that the data downloaded via their API may be used for research purposes. The relationship between time of site adoption and complexity growth in Fig. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34664685793&p=1pl&v=1&x=tPMecHWKMWfnf127u3sgDQ |
10.1002/asi.23005 | Computer_Science_easy_579 | That portion grew to 47% by 2013. | The quality of papers and competence of researchers should be evaluated independently of the journal in which the work appeared for two reasons. | In 1995, only 27% of citations pointed to articles published in nonelite journals. That portion grew to 47% by 2013. And the nonelite journals published an increasing share of the most highly cited papers within each field as well, growing from 14% to 24%. | Finally, advancement, recruitment and grant-evaluation committees, administrators and other evaluators should heed these results. The quality of papers and competence of researchers should be evaluated independently of the journal in which the work appeared for two reasons. Second, even if this journal hierarchy were valid, the hierarchy is not fixed. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://news.sciencemag.org/scientific-community/2014/10/uprising-less-prestigious-journals-publishing-greater-share-high-impact |
10.1145/3025453.3025909 | Computer_Science_easy_580 | De Choudhury also thinks that the wider variety of backgrounds at large public schools likely lends itself to a more robust sharing of stress and anxiety issues. | In summary, we observe that our transfer learning based classifier is able to robustly detect and characterize MH expressions in Reddit posts with high accuracy. | Therefore, the stresses of paying for college or going into debt aren't as great. De Choudhury also thinks that the wider variety of backgrounds at large public schools likely lends itself to a more robust sharing of stress and anxiety issues. "As for more posts about mental health at universities with more females, I don't think it's necessarily because women have more anxiety," De Choudhury said. | On the other hand, the predictor features with large negative coefficients span a diverse range of topics, ranging from events and experiences ('christmas", 'pregnant"), lifestyle ("workout", "gym"), sports ("game"), community participation and usage practices ("lpt request", "want know", "curious"), to Reddit specific topics ("reddit", redditors", "edit"). In summary, we observe that our transfer learning based classifier is able to robustly detect and characterize MH expressions in Reddit posts with high accuracy. The final agreement was found to be high (Cohen's = .83). | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/who-has-better-mental-health-public-or-private-college-students/ |
10.1038/s41598-018-28527-2 | Computer_Science_easy_581 | When neurons aren't signaling at this ratio, there is a breakdown in information flow efficiency between cells. | We observed similar single neuron reconstructions for all the cells in our data set. | Long, short, straight and curvy axons all had a refraction ratio approaching one. When neurons aren't signaling at this ratio, there is a breakdown in information flow efficiency between cells. "We think that may be the case for individual neurons, as well as networks of neurons." | The figure highlights the difference between the geodesic (shortest) path distance in the minimized network, relative to the actual morphological paths of the axon arbor (Fig. We observed similar single neuron reconstructions for all the cells in our data set. We obtained an average conduction velocity of 0.39 ± 0.16 m/s (Fig. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34527865337&p=1pl&v=1&x=cJYdHH3jeacVdPCuGGpQUg |
10.1089/soro.2018.0115 | Computer_Science_easy_582 | The shower hose went wild as if it had a life when I inadvertently turned on the faucet at maximum. | The latter is relatively slow because the driving unit is caught on the corner when getting over the wall. | This is the world's first achievement in developing soft and flexible robot that is capable of free movement on a wall. The shower hose went wild as if it had a life when I inadvertently turned on the faucet at maximum. Robot with flexible body structure is not only highly adaptable to environment, but also highly secure against collision. | The wallto-ground transition and the thin wall transition take *18 and 86 s, respectively. The latter is relatively slow because the driving unit is caught on the corner when getting over the wall. The shape parameter values are changed by changing only the element torsional stiffness k and element mass m as with Figure 10 . | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39212819301&p=1pl&v=1&x=ZS6g1vtdTdSU3RbPyZAPVA |
10.1186/2051-3933-1-3 | Computer_Science_easy_583 | Tasks that used to take graduate students countless hours now require only a click of the mouse, Kays said. | For instance, for categorical data, such as land-use type, only the nearest neighbor interpolation can be applied, whereas for continuousnumeric data types either a nearest neighbor, bilinear (in regular grids), or inverse weighted distance interpolation can be selected based on the resolution of data . | Scientists learned that the birds' chosen paths took them to preferred areas on the Peruvian coast where they could forage. In addition to allowing scientists to work with layers of information, Env-DATA simplifies the tedious work of data manipulation. Tasks that used to take graduate students countless hours now require only a click of the mouse, Kays said. | The user can apply different methods of interpolation to space and to time. For instance, for categorical data, such as land-use type, only the nearest neighbor interpolation can be applied, whereas for continuousnumeric data types either a nearest neighbor, bilinear (in regular grids), or inverse weighted distance interpolation can be selected based on the resolution of data . Metadata for the output is uniform across different annotation requests and movement data types, which simplifies linking the output with further analysis tools. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/07/130703160615.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1038/s41598-018-30619-y | Computer_Science_easy_584 | "Some future version of our system would be especially useful in rapid decision-making applications, like autonomous vehicles," Wetzstein says. | Since the actual phase mask had only 16 discrete heights instead of the continuous heights allowed in the phase mask optimization, the PSF produced by the physical phase mask, though very similar, did not exactly match the target PSF. | While their current prototype, arranged on a lab bench, isn't exactly small, the researchers say their system can one day shrink to fit in a handheld video camera or an aerial drone. In both simulations and real-world experiments, the team used the system to successfully identify airplanes, automobiles, cats, dogs, and more within natural image settings. "Some future version of our system would be especially useful in rapid decision-making applications, like autonomous vehicles," Wetzstein says. | The prototype test accuracy falls slightly below the simulated opt-conv test accuracy of 51.0%, likely due to hardware imperfections unaccounted for in simulation. Since the actual phase mask had only 16 discrete heights instead of the continuous heights allowed in the phase mask optimization, the PSF produced by the physical phase mask, though very similar, did not exactly match the target PSF. In addition, the boundaries of the convolved sub-images may not have precisely aligned with the sensor pixels due to the different pixel sizes of the DMD and camera sensor, resulting in alignment imperfections when subtracting kernels to yield the pseudonegative sub-images. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | https://www.futurity.org/artificial-intelligence-image-recognition-camera-1842282/ |
10.1186/s12911-016-0327-y | Computer_Science_easy_585 | Participants tended to set their own standards and rules for social media health communications. | It's not a lot of time. | The 17 physicians involved in the study were:
35 percent female
76 percent pediatricians
76 percent bloggers
3. Participants tended to set their own standards and rules for social media health communications. Physician-participants expressed uncertainty about social media boundaries or strategy. | One participant described: "I would say, the nice thing about social media is that you can do it in between things. It's not a lot of time. While some physicians postulated that their posts on social media may increase clinic efficiency by decreasing unnecessary patient calls and visits, others believed that it decreased efficiency by distracting providers from direct patient care. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.beckersspine.com/orthopedic-spine-practices-improving-profits/item/35544-should-physicians-use-social-media-to-distribute-health-information-7-things-to-know.html |
10.1016/j.cub.2013.11.014 | Computer_Science_easy_588 | Such routine publication of datasets might open the door to new kinds of research projects, with shared observations quickly stitched together into cohesive form by multiple groups, similar to how a computer program is written by collaborative teams using multiple open components today. | Our proportions for 10-year-old e-mails are lower, with only 51% of e-mails from 2003 returning an error. | One might be to turn data itself into a measurable product that can help advance scientists' careers, bringing the same rewards as publishing results in a journal. Such routine publication of datasets might open the door to new kinds of research projects, with shared observations quickly stitched together into cohesive form by multiple groups, similar to how a computer program is written by collaborative teams using multiple open components today. The more forks your software has, and thus the most uses, the better rewarded you are as a software developer in terms of career prospects and salary. | reported a steep decline with age in the proportion of functioning e-mails from papers published between 1995 and 2004, such that 84% of their 10-year-old e-mails returned an error message. Our proportions for 10-year-old e-mails are lower, with only 51% of e-mails from 2003 returning an error. It may be that e-mail addresses are becoming more stable through time, although this clearly requires additional study. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=32710794585&p=1pl&v=1&x=wpOmqL2FGXnFiRFWSPiBZw |
10.3758/s13428-015-0567-2 | Computer_Science_easy_589 | They can help distinguish between different theories of perception, memory, decision-making and social cognition. | The R values were less than 1.025 for all parameters. | In psychology research, response times may be used to discover which mental operations are more difficult than others, or to measure how uncertain people are about a decision. They can help distinguish between different theories of perception, memory, decision-making and social cognition. Measuring response times is only one of many applications of jsPsych. | These describe the overall effects of the software environment across all subjects. The R values were less than 1.025 for all parameters. The full model specification, in JAGS format, and the complete MCMC sample, in .Rdata format, are available online at http://hdl.handle.net/2022/19253. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/04/150430155057.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+News%29 |
10.3389/frobt.2017.00074 | Computer_Science_easy_590 | This differentiates Winfield's approach from machine learning, in which an AI system may use, for example, an artificial neural network that can train itself to carry out desired actions in a manner that satisfies the expectations of its users. | From the mismatch between the trajectories and the arena walls, it is obvious that the calibration of the motion capturing system placed its coordinate system rotated by about 3° and also slightly offset. | Winfield thinks enabling robots to do this will help them infer the goals and desires of agents around them--like realizing that the running couple really wanted to get that elevator. This differentiates Winfield's approach from machine learning, in which an AI system may use, for example, an artificial neural network that can train itself to carry out desired actions in a manner that satisfies the expectations of its users. In other words, a robot equipped with the system can answer simple "what if" questions about potential actions. | There is a reality gap between every simulator and the physical object it represents. From the mismatch between the trajectories and the arena walls, it is obvious that the calibration of the motion capturing system placed its coordinate system rotated by about 3° and also slightly offset. This is due to the calibration process of the motion capturing system using a manually placed ground plate with markers to establish the motion capturing coordinate system. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34838941313&p=1pl&v=1&x=oSwDUVnD7YX6fgJSx7-0Tw |
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.01.071 | Computer_Science_easy_591 | Once you have the foothold, you can keep pulling and pulling and the whole picture has unraveled and you can understand what's going on." | Various searchlight radii were investigated and yielded qualitatively similar results for radii≥ 5 mm. | It's like taking a thread from a tapestry that you can hold onto and pull. Once you have the foothold, you can keep pulling and pulling and the whole picture has unraveled and you can understand what's going on." The research will clear the way for further study into the brain and genetics. | Only activations with at least 25% probability of being in gray matter were retained (based on the Talairach atlas provided in the AFNI package; specifically, the TT_caez_gw_18 mask). Various searchlight radii were investigated and yielded qualitatively similar results for radii≥ 5 mm. This correction is suggested if n > S; thus, voxels with fewer than 21 observations were excluded from further analysis. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/genetics-birth-defects/39630-groundbreaking-brain-imaging-research-may-change-treatment-for-down-syndrome-other-genetic-disorders.html |
10.1073/pnas.1701590114 | Computer_Science_easy_593 | And you no longer have to remember it. | 1B) showed that drops like those following constituent unifying words in the sentence task did not occur. | Once a complete phrase emerges, "you can merge all of those memories together into one phrase. And you no longer have to remember it. So, the activity drops off." | In the word-list task, with high working-memory demands but no possibility of constituent-structure building, trial-by-trial evoked responses in aSTS (Fig. 1B) showed that drops like those following constituent unifying words in the sentence task did not occur. Rather, there was sustained activity in the aSTS up to about the fifth word presentation during the word list task (SI Appendix, Fig. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/S2UH5DG6jYo/ |
10.1063/1.5039641 | Computer_Science_easy_594 | "We've really done two things here," Chiles said. | This routing manifold accomplishes the routing between two layers of a feed-forward neural network with 10 neurons per layer and all-to-all connectivity. | The output was highly uniform, with low error rates, confirming precise power distribution. "We've really done two things here," Chiles said. Both advances are crucial as we begin to scale up to massive optoelectronic neural systems." | The stacking of waveguides allows for dense integration with lowloss and low-crosstalk waveguide crossings. This routing manifold accomplishes the routing between two layers of a feed-forward neural network with 10 neurons per layer and all-to-all connectivity. The routing network can be pruned to achieve any subset of connections. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34656803579&p=1pl&v=1&x=AvLls5JeV-dy_nudM1dptg |
10.1126/sciadv.aat2731 | Computer_Science_easy_596 | For something as complicated as this, it would be extremely difficult to write such a program. | However, closer inspection of the helicene time distributions suggest that VR does afford some advantage: the median time required to change molecular screw-sense in VR is 30-40% less than the median time required on a touchscreen. | A big reason I find this work so fascinating is because it requires unifying the state-of-the-art in technology with aesthetics, design and psychology." For something as complicated as this, it would be extremely difficult to write such a program. Using VR, we can explore these knotted structures, tying and untying them easily!" | Essentially, the 2d limitations of the mouse and touchscreen constrain the user to carrying out a motion which is well suited to inducing changes in molecular screw-sense. However, closer inspection of the helicene time distributions suggest that VR does afford some advantage: the median time required to change molecular screw-sense in VR is 30-40% less than the median time required on a touchscreen. Significantly, every task considered in Figs 2 and 3 shows a median VR time which (i) is always faster than the mean, and (ii) lies outside the standard error limits. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34452341870&p=1pl&v=1&x=nkjGlXHfOJXPScyVT5YBVA |
10.1111/jcc4.12054 | Computer_Science_easy_597 | Whether those players are outliers or the norm, and what percentage of their gaming time is spent at social events versus in the privacy of their own homes, seem to be matters for future study. | While this would seem to make it easier to solicit their involvement, it often felt as if we were singling them out (of course we were), which seemed to elicit their discomfort on several occasions, regardless of whether they were approached by male or female researchers. | Of course, Dr. Taylor and his team were observing gamers in social settings, not in their basements, and they don't explain how they chose the gamers they surveyed more closely, but it's possible that -- intentionally or not -- they surveyed people who were simply more social and willing to be, you know, surveyed. Still, at the very least the researchers established that, at least in social gaming settings outside the confines of our dark basements, players are socially engaged, and on several levels. Whether those players are outliers or the norm, and what percentage of their gaming time is spent at social events versus in the privacy of their own homes, seem to be matters for future study. | Both in terms of their physical and virtual positioning, these women were marginal to their group's activities. While this would seem to make it easier to solicit their involvement, it often felt as if we were singling them out (of course we were), which seemed to elicit their discomfort on several occasions, regardless of whether they were approached by male or female researchers. These examples illustrate the interconnected assemblages of participants, researchers, games and gaming platforms, and the spatial arrangement of public gaming sites, through which we constructed a demographic look of online play in public sites. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.cnet.com/news/study-finds-online-gamers-arent-anti-social-basement-dwellers/ |
10.1073/pnas.1804420115 | Computer_Science_easy_599 | The root of the problem can be traced to the small number of parameters, such as particle size, brightness and shape, used by current software to identify the full range of particles present in any video. | That is, P n is a connected set and p ijk ≥ 0.5 for all p ijk ∈ P n . | "We got tired of the bottleneck." The root of the problem can be traced to the small number of parameters, such as particle size, brightness and shape, used by current software to identify the full range of particles present in any video. As it turns out, they could and used their discovery to launch Chapel Hill-based AI Tracking Solutions, which is seeking to commercialize the new technology. | Tensorflow can be easily adapted to use multiple cores of a CPU or GPU, depending on available hardware. That is, P n is a connected set and p ijk ≥ 0.5 for all p ijk ∈ P n . Note that there are alternative particle localization methods that may increase accuracy. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34894829516&p=1pl&v=1&x=9aVV4K0njKiVwC37ZM5icA |
10.1098/rspb.2018.0594 | Computer_Science_easy_600 | "This is unprecedented in the animal kingdom," she points out. | However, overall the median maximum cross-correlation coefficient was not significantly different from 0 for yaw and torsion rotation, yaw and pitch rotations or pitch and torsion rotation (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, n ¼ 17, V ¼ 117, p . | But mantis shrimp are still able to "reliably and accurately follow the motion of a pattern that is moving sideways" no matter which position they roll their eyes or how fast they do it, explains the news release. The results revealed that "rolling has absolutely no effect on their perception of space at all: up is still up, even when their eyes have rolled completely sideways," states Daly. "This is unprecedented in the animal kingdom," she points out. | The median torsional pose relative to the horizontal was 67.34 + 0.128 (median + 95% CI, n ¼ 17) and the median pitch pose relative to the horizontal was 16.64 + 0.088 (median + 95% CI, n ¼ 17). However, overall the median maximum cross-correlation coefficient was not significantly different from 0 for yaw and torsion rotation, yaw and pitch rotations or pitch and torsion rotation (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, n ¼ 17, V ¼ 117, p . These findings demonstrate that stomatopods are able to independently rotate their eyes in the three degrees of rotational freedom, but that these rotations can become coupled in some instances, such as the yaw and torsion rotation during optokinesis shown in figure 2a,b. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33947918772&p=1pl&v=1&x=akKeJRPiyJA9kgKuJ2cSKg |
10.7717/peerj.313 | Computer_Science_easy_601 | The site lasted just six months before Brookes was outed and the site was shut down under a bombardment of legal threats. | Most cases involved data within a single paper, but in a small percentage of cases data appeared to be re-used between papers originating from the same laboratory group. | The site lasted just six months before Brookes was outed and the site was shut down under a bombardment of legal threats. Because of a high volume of submissions, Brookes still had 223 articles whose alleged problems he never had time to publish--not far from the 274 the site actually had managed to review. This gave him a unique opportunity, he realized. | The majority (∼75%) of problems encountered were apparent inconsistencies in western blotting data (undisclosed splicing, or apparent re-use of bands or blots to represent different experimental conditions), with the remainder relating to apparent re-use of light/fluorescent/electron microscopy images, apparent re-use of text, and apparent re-use of FACS histograms to represent different experimental conditions. Most cases involved data within a single paper, but in a small percentage of cases data appeared to be re-used between papers originating from the same laboratory group. Due to the sensitive nature of its content, the full data set for this study comprising the list of publications, including those for which no action was taken, cannot be provided. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.psmag.com/navigation/nature-and-technology/fix-bad-science-78308/ |
10.1126/scirobotics.aas8713 | Computer_Science_easy_602 | Contrary to expectations, they found that the thin spiral inspired by nature is not the optimal shape, but rather a thick arc with twisted ends. | This condition turns the second equation in Eq. | As a result, they can now calculate the maximum possible speed of random clusters, and the optimal shape for these tiny swimmers. Contrary to expectations, they found that the thin spiral inspired by nature is not the optimal shape, but rather a thick arc with twisted ends. This optimal propeller was shown to move much faster than the previously developed random clusters. | We are interested in the regime, whereas the propeller turns in sync with the actuating field (provided w is not too high), rotating about the Z axis with angular velocity W = wẑ. This condition turns the second equation in Eq. Knowing the dynamic orientation of the object and thus the magnetic torque, L m , the translational velocity U can be readily found from the first equation in Eq. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33937531914&p=1pl&v=1&x=Bje1-vLLATxlWcy3f0I9oA |
10.1038/s41467-017-02597-8 | Computer_Science_easy_603 | Regardless of the game or pairing, cheap talk doubled the amount of cooperation. | S# differs from S++ in two ways. | "As it is, about half of the humans lied at some point. Regardless of the game or pairing, cheap talk doubled the amount of cooperation. And when machines used cheap talk, their human counterparts were often unable to tell whether they were playing a human or machine. | These results demonstrate the ability of S++ to effectively establish and maintain profitable long-term relationships with machines in arbitrary repeated games. S# differs from S++ in two ways. Second, S# also extends S++ by generating speech acts that convey the "stream of consciousness" of the algorithm (Figure 1d ). | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/lets-make-a-deal-could-ai-compromise-better-than-humans/ |
10.1007/s10851-007-0055-0 | Computer_Science_easy_605 | He acknowledges that it's unlikely Van Gogh was making predictions about the turbulent eddies found in real stars when he painted The Starry Night. | It can be observed that in fact PDF curves depart from what is expected but we can not claim that this is the explanation (or the only one) but may give a clue to understand from where this turbulent effect comes from. | If the turbulent swirls in The Starry Night didn't resemble the swirls in nature, then the viewer would likely notice something was off. He acknowledges that it's unlikely Van Gogh was making predictions about the turbulent eddies found in real stars when he painted The Starry Night. "That has just been an amazing coincidence," he says. | If it is so, a blurring process on the digital image may lead to a gradual reduction of the turbulence. It can be observed that in fact PDF curves depart from what is expected but we can not claim that this is the explanation (or the only one) but may give a clue to understand from where this turbulent effect comes from. Further study of this topic is currently underway. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/Physics.12.45 |
10.1038/s41598-017-14834-7 | Computer_Science_easy_606 | This is the next stage of work in our lab." | Conditions without the same superscript letter (a-c) are significantly different at the 0.05 level with Tukey's multiple comparisons adjustment. | "So we think load-adaptive devices could make an important difference for amputees. This is the next stage of work in our lab." Brandt adds that the small study size may not reflect the entire amputee population, but instead highlights the need to consider more real-world tasks in prosthetics research. | Statistically significant changes are in bold font. Conditions without the same superscript letter (a-c) are significantly different at the 0.05 level with Tukey's multiple comparisons adjustment. p = 0.013). | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/study-shows-need-for-adaptive-powered-knee-prosthesis-to-assist-amputees/ |
10.1126/scirobotics.aan4582 | Computer_Science_easy_607 | Not only does the program allow scientists to save time during the day, it allows Curiosity to continue working while they sleep. | The system is capable of finding targets in images from either MSL's NavCams or the ChemCam RMI. | aAEGIS has increased the total data coming from ChemCam by operating during times when the rover would otherwise just be waiting for a command.a
Before the new software was deployed, it would take ground-based engineers up to 20 minutes to send or receive signals to or from Mars, and thatas assuming that the Earthas constant rotation did not prevent communication with the Red Planet at a given time. Not only does the program allow scientists to save time during the day, it allows Curiosity to continue working while they sleep. aAnd thereas no ability for people on the Earth to make decisions about what to target. | AEGIS has been adapted for the MSL mission to allow autonomous target selection and data acquisition for ChemCam. The system is capable of finding targets in images from either MSL's NavCams or the ChemCam RMI. In the NavCam case, the operation is analogous to the use on the MER mission, for finding targets in unknown terrain after a drive into a new locale. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/1113418326/curiosity-is-firing-lasers-on-mars-without-help-from-humans/ |
10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2014.06.005 | Computer_Science_easy_608 | Young people may roll their eyes at older people who can't use technology as fast as they do, but it's wrong to say that older Americans can't use technology. | We wish to confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with this publication and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome. | Young people may roll their eyes at older people who can't use technology as fast as they do, but it's wrong to say that older Americans can't use technology. Our research posits that aging, technology and health issues will be inextricably linked in the future. Older adults more dependent upon technology
The march toward an ever-aging society underscores a major demographic and technological shift - the well-being of many of aging boomers will increasingly depend upon technology. | Tools that activate this social network around our frail elders will help independent living and hopefully decrease caregiver burden on their children. What this study added to our knowledge We wish to confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with this publication and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39837460419&p=1pl&v=1&x=N9xQfcA5pXr9v0pk7vWoqA |
10.1038/s41540-018-0054-3 | Computer_Science_easy_609 | The new approach is much faster than the current way to predict the behavior of pathways, and promises to speed up the development of biomolecules for many applications in addition to commercially viable biofuels, such as drugs that fight antibiotic-resistant infections and crops that withstand drought. | 5 and 6). | The new approach is much faster than the current way to predict the behavior of pathways, and promises to speed up the development of biomolecules for many applications in addition to commercially viable biofuels, such as drugs that fight antibiotic-resistant infections and crops that withstand drought. Our approach could significantly shorten this step and become a new way to guide bioengineering efforts," Garcia Martin added. This allows scientists to quickly predict the function of a pathway even if its mechanisms are poorly understood -- as long as there are enough data to work with. | In spite of these hurdles, the method produced respectable qualitative and quantitative predictions of metabolite concentrations for a strain it has never seen before (Figs. 5 and 6). For some metabolites (33%), the predictions were quantitatively close to the measured profile: Acetyl-CoA (83.4 % error, Fig. | [1] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34174521596&p=1pl&v=1&x=JGvaSsaqLspDQuMsLwOEaA |
10.3945/jn.113.188441 | Medicine_0 | In addition, men and women's varied eating habits and differences in the accuracy of food reporting may play a role in the gender gap. | Consumption of instant noodles once per week was also associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in women (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.50) but not in men. | He said that can likely be attributed to biological differences (such as sex hormones and metabolism) between the sexes, as well as obesity and metabolic syndrome components. In addition, men and women's varied eating habits and differences in the accuracy of food reporting may play a role in the gender gap. Regardless of the gender-related findings or their causes, Dr. Shin said, the study represents the importance of understanding the foods we feed our bodies. | The consumption of instant noodles $2 times/wk was associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in women [OR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.55; P-trend < 0.01, P-interaction (gender 3 instant noodle intake) = 0.04] and marginally higher abdominal obesity in women (OR: 1.48; 95% CI: 0.99, 2.21; Ptrend = 0.06) but not in men ( Table 5 ). Consumption of instant noodles once per week was also associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in women (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.50) but not in men. Further adjustment by sodium intake, estrogen use, menopause, or waist circumference also did not change the positive relation between instant noodle intake $2 times/wk and metabolic syndrome in women. | [3.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1.5 | news | http://www.newswise.com/articles/can-instant-noodles-lead-to-heart-disease-diabetes-and-stroke |
10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.4618 | Medicine_1 | The researchers concluded that the presence of acute brain lesions was significantly associated with the development of delayed neurological sequelae. | Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that the presence of acute brain lesions was independently associated with development of delayed neurological sequelae (adjusted odds ratio, 13.93; 95% CI, 7.16-27.11; P < .001). | In addition, the positive and negative predictive values were 73.1 percent and 91.2 percent, respectively. The researchers concluded that the presence of acute brain lesions was significantly associated with the development of delayed neurological sequelae. Diffusion-weighted imaging during the acute phase of carbon monoxide poisoning may therefore help identify patients at risk of developing these debilitating sequelae. | Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that the presence of acute brain lesions was independently associated with development of delayed neurological sequelae (adjusted odds ratio, 13.93; 95% CI, 7.16-27.11; P < .001). The sensitivity and specificity of acute brain lesions to assess the probability of delayed neurological sequelae were 75.2% (95% CI, 66.8%-83.7%) and 90.2% (95% CI, 86.8%-93.7%), respectively. In addition, the positive and negative predictive values were 73.1% (95% CI, 64.6%-81.6%) and 91.2% (95% CI, 87.9%-94.5%), respectively. | [4.0, 5.0, 4.0, 5.0, 5.0] | Medicine | train | 4.6 | news | http://www.diagnosticimaging.com/article/imaging-may-identify-potential-delayed-neurological-sequelae-after-carbon-monoxide-poisoning |
10.1001/jama.2018.20578 | Medicine_10 | Now the picture is a little more clear. | In this meta-analysis, the use of aspirin in individuals without cardiovascular disease was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events and an increased risk of major bleeding. | Even before this study arrived, the experts said people should only take regular low doses of aspirin on a doctor's advice - there are a lot of health factors to consider with the blood-thinning drug, even though we know it can be a very effective medicine. Now the picture is a little more clear. Over the thousands of people included in the meta-study, those who took daily aspirin had a 0.38 percent lower absolute risk of heart attacks, strokes, or death from cardiovascular events. | 19, 22 Increasing adoption of additional primary prevention strategies, such as risk factor modification and development of public health initiatives, may limit the applicability of earlier studies to current practice. In this meta-analysis, the use of aspirin in individuals without cardiovascular disease was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events and an increased risk of major bleeding. This information may inform discussions with patients about aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular events and bleeding. | [1.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1.4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38333931091&p=1pl&v=1&x=RFNXfRDC7W6ykWiKhqzpYQ |
10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.03.019 | Medicine_102 | X Chromosome Dosage Influences DNA Methylation Dynamics during Reprogramming to Mouse iPSCs. | The loss of one of the two X chromosomes in propagating female iPSCs is associated with genome-wide methylation gain. | Note: material may have been edited for length and content. For further information, please contact the cited source. X Chromosome Dosage Influences DNA Methylation Dynamics during Reprogramming to Mouse iPSCs. | Late in reprogramming, global hypomethylation is induced in a female-specific manner. The loss of one of the two X chromosomes in propagating female iPSCs is associated with genome-wide methylation gain. Collectively, our findings highlight the dynamic regulation of DNA methylation at enhancers during reprogramming and reveal that X chromosome dosage dictates global DNA methylation levels in iPSCs. | [2.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33847856937&p=1pl&v=1&x=vV_Dne2GAjTKIkp14dSTOw |
10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.034 | Medicine_103 | This suggests that a precision medicine approach to prostate cancer could help better direct immunotherapy treatment. | Like CDK12 mutant cases, SPOP-and MMRDdriven tumors were mostly diploid, while a large subset of ATM-and HRD-driven tumors showed large-scale aneuploidy ( Figure S3A ). | This boosts immune-fighting T-cells, which may explain why these patients benefit from immune checkpoint blockade. This suggests that a precision medicine approach to prostate cancer could help better direct immunotherapy treatment. It could also explain why some prostate cancer patients have had exceptional responses to immunotherapy while the treatment has had lackluster results overall in prostate cancer. | None of the CDK12-mutated tumors exhibited a neuroendocrine phenotype. Like CDK12 mutant cases, SPOP-and MMRDdriven tumors were mostly diploid, while a large subset of ATM-and HRD-driven tumors showed large-scale aneuploidy ( Figure S3A ). The high number of focal gains was consistently observed in CDK12 mutant cases compared to those in the cohort with wild-type CDK12 ( Figure 1D ). | [3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 2.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34304617241&p=1pl&v=1&x=JkbWFHiGsGoeqOJxN0A0-A |
10.14814/phy2.13617 | Medicine_104 | On evenings when using light-emitting tablets, participants' self-selected bedtimes were on average half an hour later, and they showed suppressed melatonin levels, delayed timing of melatonin secretion onset, and later sleep onset. | A combination of well-controlled procedures minimizing sources of error variance, a repeated-measures design, and large effect sizes led to several significant findings: (a) 1-h of bright light exposure before bedtime suppresses melatonin by~88%; (b) the effects of evening bright light exposure on melatonin levels persisted at least 50-min following termination of the light stimulus; and (c) melatonin levels remained attenuated and did not return to 50% of those observed in the dim light condition following the bright light exposure for the majority of the children. | On evenings when using light-emitting tablets, participants' self-selected bedtimes were on average half an hour later, and they showed suppressed melatonin levels, delayed timing of melatonin secretion onset, and later sleep onset. When using the tablets, participants rated themselves as less sleepy in the evenings and less alert in the first hour after awakening on the following mornings. "These findings provide more evidence that light-emitting electronic devices have biological effects," said co-author Dr. Jeanne Duffy, of Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School. | To our knowledge, this study is the first to quantify the melatonin suppression response to evening light exposure in healthy 3-to 5-year-old children. A combination of well-controlled procedures minimizing sources of error variance, a repeated-measures design, and large effect sizes led to several significant findings: (a) 1-h of bright light exposure before bedtime suppresses melatonin by~88%; (b) the effects of evening bright light exposure on melatonin levels persisted at least 50-min following termination of the light stimulus; and (c) melatonin levels remained attenuated and did not return to 50% of those observed in the dim light condition following the bright light exposure for the majority of the children. Findings from this study mark an important step in addressing a gap in understanding the melatonin suppression response across the lifespan. | [4.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 3.666667 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34124049276&p=1pl&v=1&x=KTWUvvClkwVOoq-BQDOMVw |
10.1007/s00125-014-3400-z | Medicine_105 | Hazard ratios of type 1 diabetes increased with age at diagnosis of EV infection, with a more than doubling of the risk of type 1 diabetes (2.18 times increased risk) for children aged over 10 years at entry. | Conclusions/interpretation This nationwide retrospective cohort study found a positive correlation between type 1 diabetes and EV infection. | Overall incidence of type 1 diabetes was higher in the EV-infected children than in the non-EV infected group (5.73 vs. 3.89 per 100,000 people per year, showing a 48% increased incidence rate in EV-infected versus non-EV-infected children). Hazard ratios of type 1 diabetes increased with age at diagnosis of EV infection, with a more than doubling of the risk of type 1 diabetes (2.18 times increased risk) for children aged over 10 years at entry. No relationship of allergic rhinitis or bronchial asthma to type 1 diabetes was found. | The HRs of type 1 diabetes in children with allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma or either one of these atopic diseases showed more variation than in those children without these diseases. Conclusions/interpretation This nationwide retrospective cohort study found a positive correlation between type 1 diabetes and EV infection. The results suggest that a preventive strategy, such as an effective vaccine against EV infection, may lessen the incidence of type 1 diabetes in Taiwan. | [3.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 3.333333 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/10/141017183715.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+News%29 |
10.1186/1471-2431-13-162 | Medicine_106 | Professor Exley said: "Clearly the manufacturers of infant formulas are not concerned about reducing their content of aluminium and the extensive use of aluminium-based packaging for infant formulas seems to confirm this. | We consider that the aluminium content of all infant formulas investigated herein is too high and especially so considering that these products constitute either all or a substantial proportion of an infant's diet in the first months of their lives. | The results show high levels of aluminium in each of the 30 infant formulas. Professor Exley said: "Clearly the manufacturers of infant formulas are not concerned about reducing their content of aluminium and the extensive use of aluminium-based packaging for infant formulas seems to confirm this. "There are no adequate criteria upon which to base a safety level for aluminium in infant formulas and for this reason it would be sensible to take action to reduce the level of aluminium to a lowest practicable level. | The concentration of aluminium in each of the 30 infant formulas is at least twice that which is recommended in the European Union for drinking water (50 μg/L) and in 14 of the milks it exceeds the maximum admissible level for drinking water of 200 μg/L . We consider that the aluminium content of all infant formulas investigated herein is too high and especially so considering that these products constitute either all or a substantial proportion of an infant's diet in the first months of their lives. Based upon the criteria for drinking water they are not fit for human consumption and they contravene article 5 of the Food Safety Act which states that 'infant formulas should not contain anything which might endanger the health of infants and young children' . | [4.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 4 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/child-health/43790-action-needed-now-to-lower-the-content-of-aluminium-in-infant-formulas.html |
10.1111/1365-2656.12871 | Medicine_107 | Survival rates were lowest for rabbits which survived MYXV infection and then were exposed to RHDV disease," says Dr Fordham from the University's Environment Institute. | Crucially, we found relatively higher survival rates of individuals susceptible to both viruses compared to those susceptible to RHDV and immune to MYXV throughout the year (Figure 2 ), indicating that rabbits immune to MYXV have a lower survival rate than susceptible individuals. | "The effect of RHDV disease virus on rabbits is enhanced by previous infection with MYXV virus. Survival rates were lowest for rabbits which survived MYXV infection and then were exposed to RHDV disease," says Dr Fordham from the University's Environment Institute. "The findings suggest a continuous benefit from both viruses and maximum impact on rabbit numbers if they act together." | Individuals susceptible to both RHDV and MYXV had significantly higher survival rates than immune rabbits in all seasons (all odd ratio 1.13-1.67 with CIs between 1.02 and 1.99; Figure 2 and Supporting Information Figure S3 ). Crucially, we found relatively higher survival rates of individuals susceptible to both viruses compared to those susceptible to RHDV and immune to MYXV throughout the year (Figure 2 ), indicating that rabbits immune to MYXV have a lower survival rate than susceptible individuals. Young rabbits, including those with maternal antibodies to either virus, had significantly lower survival rates than immune rabbits in spring (Figure 2 and Supporting Information Figure S4 ), indicating that waning protection by antibodies result in infection and potentially, mortality, later in the same year. | [4.0, 3.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0] | Medicine | train | 3.8 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34506942217&p=1pl&v=1&x=OCP5j07SbNKK_Tx7JPH1Dw |
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1941 | Medicine_109 | "This important cross-validation with participants from the USA provides support for the theory that the lateral orbitofrontal cortex is a key brain area that might be targeted in the search for treatments for depression." | Interestingly, when the patients who had at some time been diagnosed with depression were removed, the links involving the lateral orbitofrontal cortex no longer exhibited the threshold level of significance. | "This study may also have implications for a deeper understanding of depression," adds professor Edmund Rolls. "This important cross-validation with participants from the USA provides support for the theory that the lateral orbitofrontal cortex is a key brain area that might be targeted in the search for treatments for depression." Feng comments that these findings could have important public health implications, as both sleep problems and depression affect a large number of people. | The present findings were not on patients selected because of their existing depression but instead were on a general population in the United States in which a tendency to have depressive symptoms could be assessed. Interestingly, when the patients who had at some time been diagnosed with depression were removed, the links involving the lateral orbitofrontal cortex no longer exhibited the threshold level of significance. Moreover, if only the 92 participants who had had a diagnosis of depression were considered, then relatively high correlations with functional connectivities involving the lateral orbitofrontal cortex were found. | [3.0, 3.0, 4.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 3.4 | news | https://www.futurity.org/depression-sleep-problems-insomnia-1821432-2/ |
10.1001/jama.2014.15690 | Medicine_11 | Researchers also wrote that other benefits of aspirin including prevention of cancer, should be considered. | We plan to conduct further analyses to establish whether aspirin had beneficial effects in particular subgroups of patients or if there were beneficial effects with respect to cancer prevention. | "Japanese tend to have fewer heart attacks and more strokes, particularly more hemorrhagic strokes. In this study they had many more strokes than heart attacks, which is not something you'd see in a U.S. population," Gaziano said according to CBS News. Researchers also wrote that other benefits of aspirin including prevention of cancer, should be considered. | Therefore, it appears that aspirin is unlikely to show a clinically important benefit in the overall population included in this study. We plan to conduct further analyses to establish whether aspirin had beneficial effects in particular subgroups of patients or if there were beneficial effects with respect to cancer prevention. Study limitations need to be considered. | [4.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 3.8 | news | http://www.counselheal.com/articles/13333/20141120/aspirin-cut-heart-problems-risk.htm |
10.1126/sciadv.aat5107 | Medicine_110 | The researchers tested their BioBits kits in the Chicago Public School system, and demonstrated that students and teachers were able to perform the experiments in the kits with the same success as trained synthetic biology researchers. | We anticipate that the availability of our BioBits™ kits and the data reported here will encourage teaching and broaden participation in the field of synthetic biology. | When fruit DNA is added to the sensor-containing FD-CF pellets, only the sensors that are designed to open in the presence of each fruit's RNA will produce the fluorescent protein. The researchers tested their BioBits kits in the Chicago Public School system, and demonstrated that students and teachers were able to perform the experiments in the kits with the same success as trained synthetic biology researchers. "We show that it is possible to use freeze-dried, cell-free extracts along with freeze-dried synthetic biology components to conduct innovative educational experiments in classrooms and other low-resource settings. | Titrating the amount of DNA template results in varying levels of fluorescent protein production, which are visible to the naked eye and under a blue or black light. We anticipate that the availability of our BioBits™ kits and the data reported here will encourage teaching and broaden participation in the field of synthetic biology. We observed that all proteins expressed with high soluble yields (between 160 and >1100 g ml −1 ) ( Fig. | [4.0, 5.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 4.333333 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34696777548&p=1pl&v=1&x=pxhPjHWCPi8TfA-LxM_Vbw |
10.1038/s41598-018-25573-8 | Medicine_111 | "The lack of toxic effect of nanoparticle loaded doxorubicin was associated with specific delivery of doxorubicin to the tumor. | In addition, administration of 100 μg of doxorubicin caused significant damage to various organs in the embryo (Fig. | In contrast, injection of free doxorubicin caused widespread organ damage, even when less amount was administered," write the investigators. "The lack of toxic effect of nanoparticle loaded doxorubicin was associated with specific delivery of doxorubicin to the tumor. Furthermore, we observed excellent tumor accumulation of the nanoparticles. | In the case of free doxorubicin, none of the eggs survived injection of 200 μg of doxorubicin. In addition, administration of 100 μg of doxorubicin caused significant damage to various organs in the embryo (Fig. 5 left picture) . | [1.0, 3.0, 4.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 2.4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34218407527&p=1pl&v=1&x=TZ9cA3HHZNB3jHckRRSErA |
10.1038/s41467-018-07557-4 | Medicine_112 | "This is the first study to explicitly show the amount of fundamental infrastructure potentially at risk across the Northern Hemisphere permafrost area under climate change," Hjort and his colleagues wrote in the paper. | Results show that by 2050 3.6 million people, which constitutes about three quarters of the current population in the Northern Hemisphere permafrost area, may be affected by damage to infrastructure associated with permafrost thaw (Fig. | The team found that 3.6 million people--three quarters of the current population in the Northern Hemisphere permafrost area--may be affected by infrastructure damage from permafrost thaw. "This is the first study to explicitly show the amount of fundamental infrastructure potentially at risk across the Northern Hemisphere permafrost area under climate change," Hjort and his colleagues wrote in the paper. The most vulnerable areas identified in the paper are home to nearly one million people, and contain 36,000 buildings, 13,000 kilometers of roads, and 100 airports. | The results show that most fundamental Arctic infrastructure will be at risk, even if the Paris Agreement target is achieved. Results show that by 2050 3.6 million people, which constitutes about three quarters of the current population in the Northern Hemisphere permafrost area, may be affected by damage to infrastructure associated with permafrost thaw (Fig. 2a , Supplementary Tables 2 and 3 , Supplementary Data 1) (results for 2061-2080 are presented in Supplementary Fig. | [4.0, 5.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 4.333333 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37952323296&p=1pl&v=1&x=YZkcSHKHdqhjfYYiUvZ_gw |
10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.034 | Medicine_114 | That jumped to 7 percent for metastatic cancer, which indicates a more-aggressive form of the disease. | The majority of CDK12 mutations (83%) were truncating and resulted in the loss of the kinase domain. | Researchers found loss of CDK12 in only about 1 percent of early prostate cancer samples. That jumped to 7 percent for metastatic cancer, which indicates a more-aggressive form of the disease. "It suggests that those early stage patients who have CDK12 loss are the ones who will develop metastatic disease. | CRPC genomes are more highly mutated than those of localized tumors; however, the magnitude of the increased mutation rate is not sufficient to explain the increased frequency of biallelic loss of CDK12. The majority of CDK12 mutations (83%) were truncating and resulted in the loss of the kinase domain. Missense mutations were clustered around conserved residues in the kinase domain ( Figure S1 ). | [1.0, 3.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 1.8 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34304617241&p=1pl&v=1&x=JkbWFHiGsGoeqOJxN0A0-A |
10.1001/jama.2018.7028 | Medicine_115 | This might be a marker for the severity of the stress disorder, the researchers say, with the people who are worse affected more likely to be prescribed antidepressants. | Restricting to participants with more than 5 years of followup, patients with stress-related disorders had a higher cumulative incidence of autoimmune diseases compared with their matched unexposed individuals across the follow-up period (eFigure3intheSupplement). | Those with stress disorders were 30-40 percent more likely to go on to develop one of 41 autoimmune diseases as well, on average - 9.1 people per thousand for the stress disorder group, 6.5 people per thousand for their siblings, and 6 people per thousand for a matched group without PTSD or other stress disorders. This might be a marker for the severity of the stress disorder, the researchers say, with the people who are worse affected more likely to be prescribed antidepressants. It's also worth noting that the longer SSRI use continued for, the more the risk fell. | A score of zero shows no comorbidities; the higher the score, the more likely the predicted outcome will result in mortality or higher medical resource use. Restricting to participants with more than 5 years of followup, patients with stress-related disorders had a higher cumulative incidence of autoimmune diseases compared with their matched unexposed individuals across the follow-up period (eFigure3intheSupplement). Additional adjustment for medical surveillance level yielded somewhat lower point estimates (eTable 6 in the Supplement) while changing the definitions for history of other psychiatric disorders and autoimmune disease, and the extension of the lag-time period yielded similar results (eTables 7 and 8 in the Supplement). | [2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 2.4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34364069500&p=1pl&v=1&x=8wgdAvdMNER9LVXLJEBn3Q |
10.1007/s13524-014-0321-x | Medicine_116 | Older parents, between the ages of 35 -- 49, have the strongest happiness gains around the time of birth and stay at a higher level of happiness after becoming parents. | Not only one's own experience of the transition to parenthood, but also perceiving the well-being of others before and after having children, may affect the tempo and quantum of fertility. | Those who have children at an older age or who are more educated have a particularly positive response to a first birth. Older parents, between the ages of 35 -- 49, have the strongest happiness gains around the time of birth and stay at a higher level of happiness after becoming parents. Those who become parents in their teens have a predominantly declining pattern of happiness that does not increase above the baseline even during the year of birth. | Decreasing gains in subjective well-being at higher birth orders may inhibit people from moving to parity three. Not only one's own experience of the transition to parenthood, but also perceiving the well-being of others before and after having children, may affect the tempo and quantum of fertility. In addition to the type of social learning about the optimal timing and number of children to have , fertility decisions may be affected by observing the subjective experiences of others. | [3.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 1.6 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/10/141028082454.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1007/s13524-014-0321-x | Medicine_117 | "Those who become parents at young ages have a downward happiness trajectory, but those who become parents at older ages and men with more resources have more positive short- and long-term responses to a birth," the scientists claim. | We then analyze the patterns for different socioeconomic groups and parities and show that the changes in subjective well-being over the transition to parenthood are highly consistent with the low and late fertility behavior that has emerged during the second demographic transition: older parents and those with more socioeconomic resources have the strongest happiness gains around the time of birth, and the temporary happiness gain around the time of birth declines with the number of children that one already has. | In addition, the data reveals that a reaction to a birth is highly influenced by such sociodemographic characteristics as age or socioeconomic status. "Those who become parents at young ages have a downward happiness trajectory, but those who become parents at older ages and men with more resources have more positive short- and long-term responses to a birth," the scientists claim. This fact can also in part explain why mean age of parents has increased. | Importantly, we observe that happiness increases before birth, suggesting that the happiness gain around the time of birth may capture not only the effect of the birth but also the complex childbearing process that may involve partnership formation, partnership quality, and increased sexual activity. We then analyze the patterns for different socioeconomic groups and parities and show that the changes in subjective well-being over the transition to parenthood are highly consistent with the low and late fertility behavior that has emerged during the second demographic transition: older parents and those with more socioeconomic resources have the strongest happiness gains around the time of birth, and the temporary happiness gain around the time of birth declines with the number of children that one already has. These results were similar in Britain and Germany. | [4.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 3.666667 | news | http://www.technology.org/2014/08/27/third-child-make-parents-happier/ |
10.1001/jama.2018.20578 | Medicine_118 | That is not the case in the United States. | 19, 22 Increasing adoption of additional primary prevention strategies, such as risk factor modification and development of public health initiatives, may limit the applicability of earlier studies to current practice. | The results of that analysis turned out to be similar to those of the overall analysis, including the finding of an increased risk of major bleeding outcomes. That is not the case in the United States. No one should stop taking aspirin prescribed by their doctor on the basis of this one study. | Fourth, 8 trials began randomizing study participants over 20 years ago, with 3 trials initiating recruitment in the 1970s and 1980s. 19, 22 Increasing adoption of additional primary prevention strategies, such as risk factor modification and development of public health initiatives, may limit the applicability of earlier studies to current practice. In this meta-analysis, the use of aspirin in individuals without cardiovascular disease was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events and an increased risk of major bleeding. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38341163535&p=1pl&v=1&x=jH6VKychTf5F9c4QLWbbDg |
10.1073/pnas.1515528113 | Medicine_12 | More bang for the buck
In addition, efforts to expand HPV vaccination, particularly in states with low coverage, could prevent even more cancers and deaths, researchers say, adding that due to interstate migration, all states would benefit if they aligned vaccination policy. | Because of interstate migration and the long duration between HPV infection and resultant cervical cancer, much of the benefit of vaccination will be realized beyond a state's borders. | "Adopting the new vaccine is always cost-effective relative to the old vaccines." More bang for the buck
In addition, efforts to expand HPV vaccination, particularly in states with low coverage, could prevent even more cancers and deaths, researchers say, adding that due to interstate migration, all states would benefit if they aligned vaccination policy. "The greatest benefits of HPV vaccination both in terms of cancer reduction and health care costs are realized when policy promoting vaccination is coordinated across states," says Alison Galvani, professor of epidemiology and director of CIDMA. | Because of the impact of herd immunity, any expansion in coverage will be much more effective in reducing cancer incidence and healthcare costs if targeted in those states with the lowest coverage. Because of interstate migration and the long duration between HPV infection and resultant cervical cancer, much of the benefit of vaccination will be realized beyond a state's borders. Therefore, both cervical cancer incidence and expenditure can be substantially reduced if the states coordinate policies to promote expansion of coverage, particularly for the new nonavalent vaccine. | [3.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0, 5.0] | Medicine | train | 4.2 | news | http://www.futurity.org/gardasil-9-hpv-vaccine-1142472/ |
10.1016/j.ejca.2017.11.022 | Medicine_120 | Unfortunately, the study did not identify any women who avoided all meat, so it doesnat tell us if a vegetarian diet would have further reduced the risk of breast cancer. | Among participants who had the highest intake of processed meat, the incidence of breast cancer was 2.55 per 1,000 population per annum among those with low cooked vegetable intake and 2.35 per 1,000 per annum among those with high intake. | Since some cases of breast cancer have a genetic component, we should remember this group may have greater susceptibility to breast cancer than the general population. Unfortunately, the study did not identify any women who avoided all meat, so it doesnat tell us if a vegetarian diet would have further reduced the risk of breast cancer. Another major review confirmed the processed meat results and found only a very small increase in breast cancer related to fresh red meat. | This was due to the absolute risk already being higher in this sub-group; among participants who ate no processed meat, the incidence of breast cancer was 2.46 per 1,000 population per annum among those with low intake of cooked vegetables compared with only 2.01 per 1,000 per annum among those with high vegetable intake. Among participants who had the highest intake of processed meat, the incidence of breast cancer was 2.55 per 1,000 population per annum among those with low cooked vegetable intake and 2.35 per 1,000 per annum among those with high intake. There was no significant interaction with menopausal status. | [2.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=40018041593&p=1pl&v=1&x=0-S1_nh44txdcV7SbNzZRw |
10.1073/pnas.1515528113 | Medicine_123 | In terms of number of cancers averted per vaccine, there are decreasing marginal returns in states that already have high coverage. | Increases in coverage between 2013 and 2014 were observed in several jurisdictions that received resources from the CDC PPHF to provide educational outreach to physicians, parents, and adolescents and for other measures . | More resources "do lead to improvements in coverage. In terms of number of cancers averted per vaccine, there are decreasing marginal returns in states that already have high coverage. You get more bang for your buck by focusing first on states with lower coverage." | Strategies that did not include switching to 9vHPV would not be cost-effective at any WTP. Increases in coverage between 2013 and 2014 were observed in several jurisdictions that received resources from the CDC PPHF to provide educational outreach to physicians, parents, and adolescents and for other measures . This experience suggests that additional resources may be necessary to increase uptake further as coverage rises . | [2.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1.25 | news | http://www.futurity.org/gardasil-9-hpv-vaccine-1142472/ |
10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.034 | Medicine_124 | The fact that immune checkpoint inhibitors may be effective against this sub-type of prostate cancer makes it even more significant. | These findings gave rise to a number of clinical trials for several classes of immunotherapeutics, which have been met with mixed results. | "Because prostate cancer is so common, 7 percent is a significant number. The fact that immune checkpoint inhibitors may be effective against this sub-type of prostate cancer makes it even more significant. This is an exciting prospect for patients who have CDK12 alterations and may benefit from immunotherapy," says senior study author Arul Chinnaiyan, M.D., Ph.D., director of the Michigan Center for Translational Pathology. | In line with this possibility, high levels of CCL21 and CCL25 may mediate dendritic cell tumor trafficking and neoantigen-specific T cell clonal expansion (Chan et al., 1999; Gosling et al., 2000; . These findings gave rise to a number of clinical trials for several classes of immunotherapeutics, which have been met with mixed results. A plausible explanation is in the genetics of prostate cancer. | [2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 2.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34304617241&p=1pl&v=1&x=JkbWFHiGsGoeqOJxN0A0-A |
10.1038/srep01456 | Medicine_125 | The study also revealed that despite sometimes being separated by hundreds of miles, resistant bedbug colonies utilized many of the same genes to protect themselves against pyrethroid insecticides. | Our data showed that multiple mechanisms involved in pyrethroid resistance is not only a phenomenon occurring in laboratory bed bug strains but also is widespread in naturally occurring bed bug populations (Figs. | Insecticide Armor
Further investigation revealed that all of these "overexpressed" genes were active in the tough outer shell of resistant bedbugs, and either helped neutralize pyrethroid insecticides before they could take effect or prevented them from entering the insects' bodies in the first place. The study also revealed that despite sometimes being separated by hundreds of miles, resistant bedbug colonies utilized many of the same genes to protect themselves against pyrethroid insecticides. Bedbugs by themselves aren't very mobile, but Haynes suspects the bugs are catching rides with humansaor rather, their furniture. | 3D) is also interesting and further research is required to understand functional significance of this observation. Our data showed that multiple mechanisms involved in pyrethroid resistance is not only a phenomenon occurring in laboratory bed bug strains but also is widespread in naturally occurring bed bug populations (Figs. Inactivation of four P450 target genes significantly enhanced the susceptibility of resistant bed bugs to pyrethroid insecticide, which further confirmed the involvement of P450-mediated metabolic detoxification in pyrethroid resistance of bed bugs. | [4.0, 5.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0] | Medicine | train | 4.2 | news | http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/13/130314-bedbug-insecticide-resistance-pest-science/ |