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10.1007/s13524-014-0321-x | Medicine_245 | Also, the likelihood of a pregnancy being unplanned may increase with the number of children a woman already has -- and this brings its own stresses." | Older parents may be more "ready" for parenthood or may have been anticipating it more intently . | Instead, this may reflect that the experience of parenthood is less novel and exciting by the time the third child is born or that a larger family puts extra pressure on the parents' resources. Also, the likelihood of a pregnancy being unplanned may increase with the number of children a woman already has -- and this brings its own stresses." Compared to men, women gain more in happiness in expectation of, and right after, the birth of a child. | Those who become parents at young ages have a downward happiness trajectory, but those who become parents at older ages and men with more resources have more positive short-and long-term responses to a birth. Older parents may be more "ready" for parenthood or may have been anticipating it more intently . If people see young parents with few resources having a difficult time and others with many resources having an easier time, this may send a message to postpone childbearing. | [1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 1.75 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/10/141028082454.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1073/pnas.1702671114 | Medicine_246 | Scientists had believed the Lombard effect was much slower: about 150 milliseconds for birds and bats and approximately150 to 175 milliseconds for humans. | Here, to the contrary, we show that the Lombard effect is a direct response to background noise and features an extremely short latency of about 30 ms. | When the background noise ends, the sound pressure level dissipates, and so does the level of vocalization. Even in terms of near-instantaneous brain reactions, they call this reflex "remarkably short." Scientists had believed the Lombard effect was much slower: about 150 milliseconds for birds and bats and approximately150 to 175 milliseconds for humans. | Because background noise interferes with the feedback amplitude of an animal's vocalizations, the magnitude of the Lombard effect grows stronger with increasing background noise. Here, to the contrary, we show that the Lombard effect is a direct response to background noise and features an extremely short latency of about 30 ms. Thus, the Lombard effect can be better described as a reflex. | [2.0, 2.0, 5.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 3.2 | news | http://www.futurity.org/bats-volume-lombard-effect-1452342-2/ |
10.1038/s41586-018-0731-9 | Medicine_247 | But they can analyze optical light from this region, and the details they've found have let them confirm the mass of the central black hole at about 300 million solar masses. | The angular size of each component scales with the observed optical flux 6 , making interferometry particularly well suited to exploring the physical origin of the broad-line region and to measuring black-hole masses in luminous quasars such as 3C 273, which are more representative of the supermassive black holes found in large samples out to high redshift. | Then, in the video, you see what's new here: a depiction of a spinning whirlpool, an artist's concept of the recent work completed by astronomers, who were able to get some details about the so-called broad line region, where gas clouds whirl around 3C 273's central black hole. But they can analyze optical light from this region, and the details they've found have let them confirm the mass of the central black hole at about 300 million solar masses. That's in contrast to the mass of the supermassive black hole at the center of our own Milky Way galaxy, which is only about 4 million solar masses. | Future observations could aim to measure a rotation curve and search for additional (for example, outflow) components and structural variability. The angular size of each component scales with the observed optical flux 6 , making interferometry particularly well suited to exploring the physical origin of the broad-line region and to measuring black-hole masses in luminous quasars such as 3C 273, which are more representative of the supermassive black holes found in large samples out to high redshift. These authors contributed equally: E. Sturm, J. Dexter. | [4.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 2.2 | news | https://earthsky.org/space/1st-close-up-look-supermassive-black-hole-3c273 |
10.1038/s41598-017-03627-7 | Medicine_248 | In the third condition, because of the partner's touch, the women experienced less pain. | In line with our hypotheses, the coupling during touch increased compared to during no touch in both the no pain (Δζ t/nt(np) = 0.010, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.006, 0.014]) and the pain (Δζ t/nt(p) = 0.008, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.003, 0.012]) conditions. | That's almost as many as the entire population of Texas. In the third condition, because of the partner's touch, the women experienced less pain. It seems that hyperscanning, or this brain-to-brain coupling by the act of hand-holding while in pain, may have a soothing, analgesic effect, like the skin-to-skin touch that is beneficial to premature babies. | No significant cross-partner effects were detected for the pain alone (ζ a(p) = −0.001, p = 0.64) or the no pain alone (ζ a(np) < 0.001, p = 0.92) conditions. In line with our hypotheses, the coupling during touch increased compared to during no touch in both the no pain (Δζ t/nt(np) = 0.010, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.006, 0.014]) and the pain (Δζ t/nt(p) = 0.008, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.003, 0.012]) conditions. However, there was no difference between pain and no pain during both touch (Δζ t(p/np) = 0.004, p = 0.115) and no touch (Δζ nt(p/np) = 0.002, p = 0.637) conditions. | [1.0, 3.0, 3.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 2.4 | news | https://health.howstuffworks.com/human-body/systems/nervous-system/holding-hands-can-ease-pain.htm#mkcpgn=rssnws1 |
10.1073/pnas.1706244114 | Medicine_249 | "Our findings suggest that ammonia hemihydrate could be an important component of the mantle in ice giants, and will help improve our understanding of these frozen worlds." | We suggest that ammonia-rich hydrates can precipitate out of any ammonia-water mixture at sufficient pressures and are an important component inside icy planets. | The findings will influence how ice giants are studied in future and could help astronomers classify newly discovered exoplanets as they look deeper into space. "This study helps us better predict what is inside icy planets like Neptune," Dr. Hermann said. "Our findings suggest that ammonia hemihydrate could be an important component of the mantle in ice giants, and will help improve our understanding of these frozen worlds." | The energetic cost of breaking the N-H bond is outweighed by ionic bonding NH + 4 · · · NH − 2 and more compact packing. We suggest that ammonia-rich hydrates can precipitate out of any ammonia-water mixture at sufficient pressures and are an important component inside icy planets. However, it is a crucial phase at high pressure and temperature, where both ADH and AMH decompose into AHH + ice-VII, around 3 GPa and at 280 K and 250 K, respectively . | [4.0, 3.0, 4.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 3 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/BreakingScienceNews/~3/pxZKfMqr6dA/chemical-make-up-ice-giants-05122.html |
10.1186/s13293-018-0204-8 | Medicine_25 | The authors note that the review paper should serve as an overview of the current knowledge regarding sex differences in the lower urinary tract, as well as a catalyst for investigators seeking to contribute to the field. | This review serves to characterize the current understanding of biological sex differences between female and male lower urinary tracts, while identifying areas for future research. | "These differences need to be taken into account when treating urinary dysfunction in order to provide optimal treatment for both women and men." The authors note that the review paper should serve as an overview of the current knowledge regarding sex differences in the lower urinary tract, as well as a catalyst for investigators seeking to contribute to the field. Further investigation of sex differences in lower urinary tract cell types is necessary to better develop our understanding of normal and abnormal function, and specifically, the paper states that more research is needed regarding: | Recognizing that cell biology is not uniform, especially in the lower urinary tract of females and males, is crucial for providing context and relevance for diverse fields of biomedical investigation. This review serves to characterize the current understanding of biological sex differences between female and male lower urinary tracts, while identifying areas for future research. First, the differences in overall cell populations are discussed in the detrusor smooth muscle, urothelium, and trigone. | [3.0, 3.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0] | Medicine | train | 4.2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37467004525&p=1pl&v=1&x=98jwd8q8ykw-BTcH2Zm4Mg |
10.1038/s41467-019-08382-z | Medicine_250 | These interactions help Hel2 identify flaws in protein formation. | 3 ) and associated mRNAs (Fig. | This clears the way for further proteins to be produced. These interactions help Hel2 identify flaws in protein formation. When researchers removed the parts of Hel2 in direct contact, this prevented the destruction of faulty proteins, showing that these contacts are important for the mechanism. | 2) , revealing that Hel2 binds both the small subunit of translating ribosomes ( Fig. 3 ) and associated mRNAs (Fig. 8) . | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38442592628&p=1pl&v=1&x=6qnjJlZN_F0RgmqDHnl0dA |
10.1039/c3cs60122f | Medicine_251 | First, labfolder and its peers should always promote the use of the electronic lab notebook as a principle, and not just their own specific solution. | They note that the knowledge that a laboratory notebook comprises can be critical for establishing evidence in support of intellectual property rights and for refuting claims of research misconduct. | Besides simply creating an awesome product, I would highlight three things ELN companies can do to encourage uptake:
1. First, labfolder and its peers should always promote the use of the electronic lab notebook as a principle, and not just their own specific solution. I strongly believe that most electronic lab notebooks are superior to the paper version, and this is the message that we always transmit to the scientists that contact us. | 119 He also presented a financial justification for electronic management of IP records. They note that the knowledge that a laboratory notebook comprises can be critical for establishing evidence in support of intellectual property rights and for refuting claims of research misconduct. 120 It is perhaps a sign of the times that this is one of only two publications in this survey to mention defence against claims of misconduct. | [3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 2.75 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37060720905&p=1pl&v=1&x=mJkzlHa3lmu5bv8uh9G1ig |
10.1073/pnas.1704745114 | Medicine_252 | This proved the scientists' theory that more seeds would germinate when exposed to varying environments, such as fluctuating temperatures, rather than constant environments and temperatures. | When cells communicated more readily (higher transport rates), continuous cold was incapable of flipping the switch (Fig. | The hormones that activate movement in the plant (in the case of germination) are similar to the decision-making center involved in movement in human brains. This proved the scientists' theory that more seeds would germinate when exposed to varying environments, such as fluctuating temperatures, rather than constant environments and temperatures. "Our work has important implications for understanding how crops and weeds grow," said study author George Bassel of the University of Birmingham. | 3F ) cold stimuli were capable of flipping the dormancy fate switch. When cells communicated more readily (higher transport rates), continuous cold was incapable of flipping the switch (Fig. 3G) , but, notably, a variable input did lead to the breaking of dormancy (Fig. | [3.0, 1.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 2.333333 | news | http://www.natureworldnews.com/articles/38372/20170609/scientists-germinate-brain-plant-crops.htm |
10.1016/j.nicl.2015.02.009 | Medicine_253 | Researchers found low doses both improved memory performance and normalized the over-activity detected by functional magnetic resonance imaging that measures brain activity during a memory task. | Overall, however, these findings suggest that excess fMRI activation in the DG/CA3 is associated with a consistent profile of memory task impairment across all three aMCI cohorts. | "At the same time, it improves memory performance on a task that depends on the hippocampus." Researchers found low doses both improved memory performance and normalized the over-activity detected by functional magnetic resonance imaging that measures brain activity during a memory task. The ideal dosing found in this clinical study matched earlier preclinical studies in animal models. | Overactivity in areas of activation localized anterior to posterior, as reported here and elsewhere in the context of the 3-judgment recognition task could reflect a relatively greater contribution of augmented pattern completion in anterior areas of activation with any excess activation reflecting a loss of pattern separation in DG contributing more in posterior areas of activation. Overall, however, these findings suggest that excess fMRI activation in the DG/CA3 is associated with a consistent profile of memory task impairment across all three aMCI cohorts. Importantly, no evidence was found in this study to support a beneficial compensatory role in cognition for excess hippocampal activation. | [1.0, 5.0, 2.0, 1.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 2 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/03/150311124200.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+News%29 |
10.1073/pnas.1414221111 | Medicine_254 | Researchers believe the unique mode of action of (+)-SJ733, combined the speed with which it kills the parasite, could hold hopes of widespread treatment. | (+)-SJ733 achieves this efficacy from exposure (AUC ED90 1.5 μM·h) similar to that of chloroquine (AUC ED90 3.1 μM·h) and superior to that of pyrimethamine (AUC ED90 5.2 μM·h) in the same model. | Future research includes safety trials for the first human tests. Researchers believe the unique mode of action of (+)-SJ733, combined the speed with which it kills the parasite, could hold hopes of widespread treatment. Altering sodium levels in infected blood cells caused changes similar to those seen in aging cells. | The compound also had oral bioavailability of >65% in both rats (SI Appendix, SJ733 is an efficacious and safe orally active drug candidate. (+)-SJ733 achieves this efficacy from exposure (AUC ED90 1.5 μM·h) similar to that of chloroquine (AUC ED90 3.1 μM·h) and superior to that of pyrimethamine (AUC ED90 5.2 μM·h) in the same model. (B) (+)-SJ733 exhibits excellent exposure after oral administration in mouse, rat, and dog. | [5.0, 3.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 3.25 | news | http://www.techtimes.com/articles/21756/20141208/new-compound-could-mean-the-end-for-malaria-parasite.htm |
10.1377/hlthaff.2012.1030 | Medicine_255 | "We were surprised to find greater variation in hospital cesarean rates among lower-risk women. | Cesarean delivery is much more costly than vaginal delivery ($12,739 versus $9,048 for private health insurers in 2010). | "We were surprised to find greater variation in hospital cesarean rates among lower-risk women. The variations we uncovered were striking in their magnitude, and were not explained by hospital size, geographic location, or teaching status," study lead author Katy Kozhimannil, an assistant professor at the university's School of Public Health, said in a school news release. "The scale of this variation signals potential quality issues that should be quite alarming to women, clinicians, hospitals and policymakers," she added.Cesarean delivery is the most common surgery in the United States, performed on 1.67 million women each year. | 19 The widespread use of cesarean delivery has important policy implications. Cesarean delivery is much more costly than vaginal delivery ($12,739 versus $9,048 for private health insurers in 2010). 20 Adverse outcomes and complications have substantial cost implications for delivery systems and health insurers, both public and private. | [2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1.6 | news | http://www.webmd.com/baby/news/20130304/c-section-rates-vary-widely-at-us-hospitals |
10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.02.007 | Medicine_256 | This is the first study of patient survival in ICUs to look at the numbers of doctors as well as nurses. | We found no evidence that the number of support staff working on the unit improves patients' survival chances even though their presence on the unit might have the effect of releasing clinical staff to care for patients. | Recent catastrophic failures such as events at Mid-Staffordshire have highlighted the importance of staffing levels to patient survival, and this study has reinforced that message." This is the first study of patient survival in ICUs to look at the numbers of doctors as well as nurses. Professor West says that doctors and nurses work closely together and function as a team on ICUs more than on other wards: "Future studies need to see the whole picture and examine how the multi-disciplinary team works together." | Nurses and doctors do seem to make a difference to patient outcomes in ICU. We found no evidence that the number of support staff working on the unit improves patients' survival chances even though their presence on the unit might have the effect of releasing clinical staff to care for patients. In this study, clear support emerged for the effect of workload. | [3.0, 2.0, 4.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 2.8 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/public-health-safety/49249-low-icu-staffing-levels-affect-patient-survival.html |
10.1016/j.immuni.2019.05.007 | Medicine_259 | "We've established an understanding of the virus and how it changes, how the body's immune response targets it and how we can use that information to make a better vaccine." | This antibody was present in appreciable amounts in the serum prior to vaccination, suggesting that it must have been elicited by an earlier HuNoV infection. | The technology, developed by co-author George Georgiou, was used to discover the key antibody in the study and the approach is applicable to a variety of highly variable bacteria and viruses. "This study addresses a fundamental problem in norovirus disease development that could have wide-ranging impact on global health," says Lindesmith. "We've established an understanding of the virus and how it changes, how the body's immune response targets it and how we can use that information to make a better vaccine." | In donor A, we showed that the most dramatically backboosted blockade antibody following vaccination is capable of blocking VLP-HBGA binding of all examined GII.4 strains circulating between 1987 and 2015 and is potently neutralizing in the human intestinal enteroid culture system. This antibody was present in appreciable amounts in the serum prior to vaccination, suggesting that it must have been elicited by an earlier HuNoV infection. These findings reveal that HuNoV infection can induce broad blockade and neutralizing antibodies and that these antibodies can be boosted by vaccination . | [3.0, 2.0, 3.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 2.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39492021503&p=1pl&v=1&x=pWvt65L5t0zbViDRQJNp1g |
10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.0157 | Medicine_26 | Systolic BP readings with the IBP app were within 5 mm Hg of the standard measurement 24% of the time, within 10 mm Hg 44% of the time, and within 15 mm Hg 59% of the time; diastolic BP readings were within 55 mm Hg of the standard measurement 26% of the time, within 10 mm Hg 48% of the time, and 15 mm Hg 70% of the time. | IBP systolic BP readings were within , 10, and 1 mm Hg of the standard BP measurement 24%, 44%, and 9% of the time, respectively, whereas respective proportions for diastolic BP were 26%, 48%, and 70%, correlating with the lowest possible accuracy grade in all categories by British Hypertensive Society scoring. | The researchers found that higher BP measures were underestimated and lower BP measures were overestimated. Systolic BP readings with the IBP app were within 5 mm Hg of the standard measurement 24% of the time, within 10 mm Hg 44% of the time, and within 15 mm Hg 59% of the time; diastolic BP readings were within 55 mm Hg of the standard measurement 26% of the time, within 10 mm Hg 48% of the time, and 15 mm Hg 70% of the time. These measurements correlated with the lowest possible accuracy grade in all categories by British Hypertensive Society scoring. | IBP underestimated higher BPs and overestimated lower BPs (Figure) . IBP systolic BP readings were within , 10, and 1 mm Hg of the standard BP measurement 24%, 44%, and 9% of the time, respectively, whereas respective proportions for diastolic BP were 26%, 48%, and 70%, correlating with the lowest possible accuracy grade in all categories by British Hypertensive Society scoring. Spearman ρ was 0.44 (P < .001) for systolic BP and 0.41 (P < .001) for diastolic BP. | [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 3.8 | news | http://www.oncologynurseadvisor.com/instant-blood-pressure-mobile-app-fails-validation-study/article/484459/ |
10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.2856 | Medicine_260 | "This study solidifies that there are mechanistic things we can learn from the brain by looking at the eye." | Future directions: Caregivers and health-care workers should facilitate adequate ophthalmic care for older individuals at risk of dementia. | "What we found was not subtle," said Dr. Paul Crane, professor of medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, at the UW School of Medicine. "This study solidifies that there are mechanistic things we can learn from the brain by looking at the eye." The possible connections need more study. | 3. Future directions: Caregivers and health-care workers should facilitate adequate ophthalmic care for older individuals at risk of dementia. Eye care providers should be aware of increased AD risk in certain ophthalmic conditions. | [3.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 2.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34765487148&p=1pl&v=1&x=ufEabPDBICA34OF2ZCudfA |
10.1038/s41396-017-0042-4 | Medicine_263 | This could be the reason why genetically identical viruses can be found in very different environments in the planet. | The daily deposition rates of viruses associated with aerosols <0.7 μm in size explains observations that identical viral sequences occur at geographically distant locations and in very different environments , likely as a consequence of long persistence and dispersal in the atmosphere. | Researchers also found that billions of viruses and tens of millions of bacteria are deposited per square meter each day. This could be the reason why genetically identical viruses can be found in very different environments in the planet. "This preponderance of long-residence viruses traveling the atmosphere likely explains why -- it's quite conceivable to have a virus swept up into the atmosphere on one continent and deposited on another," says virologist Curtis Suttle of the University of British Columbia. | Therefore, these relationships between the size fractions of the organic aerosols and the virus and bacteria deposition rates could be also determined by the origin of air masses. The daily deposition rates of viruses associated with aerosols <0.7 μm in size explains observations that identical viral sequences occur at geographically distant locations and in very different environments , likely as a consequence of long persistence and dispersal in the atmosphere. This provides a mechanism for maintaining the very high diversity of viruses, as well as bacteria observed at a local level but constrained globally, consistent with a seedbank model. | [5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0] | Medicine | train | 5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33241815989&p=1pl&v=1&x=QWG0hS8aFIKDkjtM81Puow |
10.1098/rsif.2012.0838 | Medicine_264 | "But usually frogs would avoid overhanging surfaces to avoid such difficult sprawling positions." | After further rotation, the frogs changed their posture again, with limbs being splayed out much further, sometimes to their maximum extension. | The easiest way to peel tape away from a surface is by pulling one corner away at the largest possible angle from the sticking surface; pulling the tape at a shallow angle makes it virtually impossible to get unstuck. "This experiment shows the maximum adhesive force a frog can take," says Thomas Endlein, a biologist at the University of Glasgow, UK, who led the study. "But usually frogs would avoid overhanging surfaces to avoid such difficult sprawling positions." | During this rotation, the frog tended to change its posture in a characteristic way (figure 2 and the electronic supplementary material, video S1). After further rotation, the frogs changed their posture again, with limbs being splayed out much further, sometimes to their maximum extension. We often found gradual changes between these two categories, where legs were extended one after the other. | [3.0, 4.0, 2.0, 2.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 3 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=frogs-cling-to-and-peel-from-surfaces-just-like-adhesive-tape |
10.1377/hlthaff.2018.05101 | Medicine_265 | But underserved populations -- such as low-income, rural and Medicaid populations -- did not use video-based telehealth as widely as other demographic groups. | The use of telehealth increased dramatically in the period 2013-16 across all population groups. | The use of video consultations was most common among higher income respondents and those who had difficulty leaving their homes. But underserved populations -- such as low-income, rural and Medicaid populations -- did not use video-based telehealth as widely as other demographic groups. The researchers identified this trend across the U.S., even in states with less restrictive telehealth policies -- suggesting that providers and patients will need incentives to adopt the service that go beyond removing regulatory restrictions. | [31] Demonstrating the role that telehealth can play in achieving the Triple Aim of improving quality and health outcomes while lowering the cost of care could prove to be a powerful incentive for increased uptake. The use of telehealth increased dramatically in the period 2013-16 across all population groups. While we found evidence that populations with limited mobility (such as Medicare beneficiaries younger than age sixty-five and people with selfreported physical or mental health concerns that limit their activities) were among the highest users, key underserved populations (including Medicaid, low-income, and rural populations) had significantly lower use of telehealth. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37884913467&p=1pl&v=1&x=MrQLspWtUsUM_TYVPtFo1w |
10.1126/sciadv.1700581 | Medicine_267 | advertisement
Sobering findings
The team's results suggest that by the end of the century under a business-as-usual scenario, rainfall in Jordan will decrease by 30 percent, temperatures will increase by 6 degrees Celsius, and the number and duration of droughts will double. | The latter two drought types indicate the potential additional manifestations of precipitation deficit, rising temperature, and land-use change. | The authors said this approach could better inform drought management by considering all vulnerabilities for people, agriculture and the environment. advertisement
Sobering findings
The team's results suggest that by the end of the century under a business-as-usual scenario, rainfall in Jordan will decrease by 30 percent, temperatures will increase by 6 degrees Celsius, and the number and duration of droughts will double. Flow from the Yarmouk River, an important source of water that flows from Syria, would decline by up to 75 percent. | Jordan cannot afford to be overly sanguine about the devastating consequences of droughts given preexisting regional vulnerabilities due to conflicts, immigration, dependence on transboundary river flow, and limited mitigation options . The latter two drought types indicate the potential additional manifestations of precipitation deficit, rising temperature, and land-use change. In both cases, Jordan receives a small fraction (about one-third) of transboundary flow than it relied upon in the prewar period 1980-2010. | [4.0, 5.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 4 | news | https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/08/170830202128.htm |
10.1111/gcb.13276 | Medicine_268 | "We want this index to be used to predict how corals might react to future bleaching events. | Because we cannot eliminate effects of intrinsic factors on taxon-sBRI j (e.g., a site may contain mostly bleaching-susceptible coral taxa), P ext is the upper bound of the true variance due to extrinsic factors, and it is expected to increase in accuracy for sites with diverse bleaching responses (i.e., in the limit of a high number of taxa per site n, Eqns 17-19). | "Using very large data sets, we have teased out valuable information that will help researchers identify global trends and learn about individual corals," says coauthor Vadim Backman, professor of biomedical engineering. "We want this index to be used to predict how corals might react to future bleaching events. The index will be available online, so that data on corals can be added as they become available, making the tool even more robust. | The effect of extrinsic factors P ext was found by correlation between BRI j and taxon-sBRI j (Eqn 17). Because we cannot eliminate effects of intrinsic factors on taxon-sBRI j (e.g., a site may contain mostly bleaching-susceptible coral taxa), P ext is the upper bound of the true variance due to extrinsic factors, and it is expected to increase in accuracy for sites with diverse bleaching responses (i.e., in the limit of a high number of taxa per site n, Eqns 17-19). We estimated the effect of extrinsic factors P ext by correlation between BRI j and taxon-sBRI j (Eqn 17) for sites with two (most conservative estimate) and increasingly higher (n up to 44) numbers of taxa. | [1.0, 1.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 4 | news | http://www.futurity.org/coral-reefs-climate-change-1138362/ |
10.1073/pnas.1620079114 | Medicine_269 | "Taken together," she said, "these data suggest that plasma erythritol may not simply reflect elevated blood glucose, but rather may signal or lead to metabolic changes that cause weight gain and/or diabetes. | 5346; SI Appendix, Table S4 ). | Knowing how the body makes sugar alcohols, she said, opens an array of new possibilities for treatment and prevention of heart disease and Type 2 diabetes. Young adults who exhibited central adiposity gain over the course of 35 weeks had plasma erythritol levels 15-times higher at baseline than those with stable adiposity over the same period. "Taken together," she said, "these data suggest that plasma erythritol may not simply reflect elevated blood glucose, but rather may signal or lead to metabolic changes that cause weight gain and/or diabetes. | Valine and leucine concentration differences reached the nominal P value threshold, but not the FDR threshold, and isoleucine concentration differences were consistent in direction, although not statistically significant (P = 0.0620, FDR = 0. 5346; SI Appendix, Table S4 ). The meso-erythritol concentration was 20.6-fold greater (95% CI: 19.84, 21.41) in the higher glycemia group [105.6 (SE = 1.4) vs. 5.1 (SE = 0.1) μmol/L; P = 0.0024]. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=40332840581&p=1pl&v=1&x=pkcSn_o-Swy8HkWKnlFErg |
10.1038/s41467-017-01957-8 | Medicine_27 | Less diversity
In addition, the researchers demonstrated that predator diversity decreases when there is a dynamical trade-off. | Interestingly, the predator diversity does not monotonically increase with prey diversity due to the dynamical trade-off. | In contrast, if the predator cannot adapt, the prey requires fewer resources for defence and can invest more in producing progeny", explains Becks. Less diversity
In addition, the researchers demonstrated that predator diversity decreases when there is a dynamical trade-off. The ciliates thus develop fewer different types in order to adapt to bacterial associations and biofilms. | This ultimately leads to a lower prey diversity compared to only prey evolution. Interestingly, the predator diversity does not monotonically increase with prey diversity due to the dynamical trade-off. Together, our experimental and theoretical results show that dynamical trade-offs arise and significantly affect the evolution and maintenance of intraspecific diversity. | [3.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 3.5 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/5JFO6NDeMfE/ |
10.1038/s41598-018-35253-2 | Medicine_270 | A hydrologically connected geothermal area means the methane can escape to the atmosphere rather than being trapped beneath the ice. | This mass balance approach to calculating an evasive methane flux along the stream assumes minimal dilution, and no in-stream methanotrophy. | This may encourage greater connectivity with volcanic and geothermal areas buried beneath the ice. A hydrologically connected geothermal area means the methane can escape to the atmosphere rather than being trapped beneath the ice. "[Another consequence could be that] as ice thins, this releases pressure on volcanic and geothermal systems beneath, and will likely drive an increase in eruptive activity and heat fluxes. | This equated to an evasive flux of 41 tonnes of methane to the atmosphere per day (32 M CH 4 m −2 day −1 as an area-weighted flux from stream to atmosphere). This mass balance approach to calculating an evasive methane flux along the stream assumes minimal dilution, and no in-stream methanotrophy. Both are valid assumptions given the minimal input of additional meltwater between upstream and downstream sampling points, the minimal production/consumption of methane in the proglacial sediments (Table S1) , and the limited change in isotopic composition of aqueous methane ( Table 1 ). | [3.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 3 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37747037897&p=1pl&v=1&x=25zujygYqDoju4-7l9c6zQ |
10.1177/0141076814565942 | Medicine_271 | "Given the widespread practice of non-therapeutic circumcision in infancy and childhood around the world," Frisch concluded, "our findings should prompt other researchers to examine the possibility that circumcision trauma in infancy or early childhood might carry an increased risk of serious neurodevelopmental and psychological consequences." | Overall, the risk of hyperkinetic disorder was not elevated among ritually circumcised boys in the first 0-4 years of life (HR ¼ 0.99; 95% CI: 0.43-2.29) or in the 5-to 9-year age group (HR ¼ 1.27; 95% CI: 0.95-1.71) ( Table 2) . | The findings are slightly complicated by earlier work that found autism emerges in utero, which suggests circumcision could only intensify a preexisting deficiency. At any rate, the findings may hold great promise for other countries to adopt formal anesthetic protocol to avoid, or at least minimize, the pain children experience. "Given the widespread practice of non-therapeutic circumcision in infancy and childhood around the world," Frisch concluded, "our findings should prompt other researchers to examine the possibility that circumcision trauma in infancy or early childhood might carry an increased risk of serious neurodevelopmental and psychological consequences." | Among boys in Muslim families, ASD risk was also significantly elevated in those who were circumcised (HR ¼ 1.54; 95% CI: 1.03-2.31), based on 28 ASD cases in circumcised boys versus 160 cases in intact boys. Overall, the risk of hyperkinetic disorder was not elevated among ritually circumcised boys in the first 0-4 years of life (HR ¼ 0.99; 95% CI: 0.43-2.29) or in the 5-to 9-year age group (HR ¼ 1.27; 95% CI: 0.95-1.71) ( Table 2) . Among boys in Muslim families, risk of hyperkinetic disorder did not depend on the boys' foreskin status (HR ¼ 1.08; 95% CI: 0.77-1.52). | [3.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 2.333333 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/asd-and-circumcision-linked-thoughts-brain-development-factor-318144 |
10.1001/jama.2015.1693 | Medicine_273 | A measure of disability worsened in more patients in the stent group than in the medical group. | Moreover, the high stenting event rate may have been related to the current device's technical limitation, given the inherent first-generation device's design imperfections, which requires future iterations to enhance the safety and success of newer stent technology. | Thirty day all-cause death was 3 of 58 patients (5.2 percent) in the stent group and 0 in the medical group. A measure of disability worsened in more patients in the stent group than in the medical group. "These findings do not support the use of a balloon-expandable stent for patients with intracranial arterial stenosis," the authors conclude. | 26 Equating stenting for the purpose of cerebral aneurysm coiling to stenting for purpose of intracranial stenosis may have not been the best parameter to assure adequate operator experience, but we do not have enough sample size to ascertain its contribution to the worse outcome. Moreover, the high stenting event rate may have been related to the current device's technical limitation, given the inherent first-generation device's design imperfections, which requires future iterations to enhance the safety and success of newer stent technology. Furthermore, periprocedural factors should be evaluated such as timing of the stenting, best anesthesia choice, as well as best blood pressure management following luminal reconstitution. | [2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 2 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/03/150324120611.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+News%29 |
10.1001/jamasurg.2014.2253 | Medicine_274 | Regarding its limitations, Chang says the study doesn't directly compare survival among those who did and didn't get PTR, as the data available in SEER doesn't permit such evaluation without significant risk of bias. | Median relative survival rate improved from 8.6% in 1988 to 17.8% in 2009 (P < .001); the annual percentage change was 2.18% in 1988-2001 and 5.43% in 1996-2009 (P < .001). | Independent of receiving PTR, the researchers also found that the median relative survival rate of metastatic colon cancer patients improved from 8.6 percent in 1988 to 17.8 percent in 2009. Regarding its limitations, Chang says the study doesn't directly compare survival among those who did and didn't get PTR, as the data available in SEER doesn't permit such evaluation without significant risk of bias. "Our findings tell us that it is increasingly recognized that chemotherapy may be safely given to patients with tumors intact," he says. | Factors associated with primary tumor resection were age younger than 50 years, female sex, being married, higher tumor grade, and presence of colon tumors. Median relative survival rate improved from 8.6% in 1988 to 17.8% in 2009 (P < .001); the annual percentage change was 2.18% in 1988-2001 and 5.43% in 1996-2009 (P < .001). Despite the decreasing primary tumor resection rate, patient survival rates improved. | [2.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 2.6 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/cancers/59151-md-anderson-study-finds-patients-with-metastatic-colorectal-cancer-having-less-surgery-yet-survival-rates-improving.html |
10.1073/pnas.1403984111 | Medicine_275 | CITES' data gave the study's authors a large-scale estimate of elephant populations across the African continent. | Preliminary data from 2013 suggests regional and continental offtake levels were slightly lower to those reported for 2012, but still unsustainable. | A decade ago, that number was 25 percent, according to the AP. CITES' data gave the study's authors a large-scale estimate of elephant populations across the African continent. "I think it's the only quantitatively-based estimate out there," said George Wittemyer, the lead author and a professor at Colorado State University, according to National Geographic. | 3) , although site-specific results differed between the two methods. Preliminary data from 2013 suggests regional and continental offtake levels were slightly lower to those reported for 2012, but still unsustainable. Survey and PIKE-based modeling estimates of annual population trends were correlated (empirical results: Pearson's r = 0.675, P < 0.001; model results: Pearson's r = 0.372, P = 0.024), with the empirical-based result averaging 0.33% slower growth (SI Materials and Methods). | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1.2 | news | http://www.usnews.com/news/newsgram/articles/2014/08/19/poachers-exhausting-elephant-population |
10.1038/s41467-018-06108-1 | Medicine_276 | With 450 million base pairs, its genome is somewhat small for a polyploid plant, but still very complex. | A similar level of difference in neutral mutations between the polyploid and diploids was found for highly expressed genes. | With 450 million base pairs, its genome is somewhat small for a polyploid plant, but still very complex. Advantageous genetic mutations in addition to spare copies
Due to the large amount of genetic information, A. kamchatica is better equipped to adapt to new environmental conditions. "With these results, we have demonstrated on a molecular-genetic level that genome duplications can positively affect the adaptability of organisms," says plant scientist Timothy Paape. | For genes with low expression, the polyploid subgenomes had about 10% more neutral mutations compared with the lowly expressed genes in the diploid species. A similar level of difference in neutral mutations between the polyploid and diploids was found for highly expressed genes. Overall, our results are consistent with expectations of relaxed constraint on genes with low expression and stronger purifying selection on highly expressed genes 46 in all three species. | [3.0, 1.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 2.333333 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37204299584&p=1pl&v=1&x=jPnch-e_YD0TBwdpam4EyA |
10.1001/jama.2018.20578 | Medicine_277 | Approximately 250 patients needed to be treated with aspirin for 5 years to prevent a single heart attack, stroke or cardiovascular death. | 27 However, the use of PPIs was inconsistently reported in the studies included in this analysis. | The results showed that:
Aspirin use was associated with an 11% lower risk of cardiovascular events. Approximately 250 patients needed to be treated with aspirin for 5 years to prevent a single heart attack, stroke or cardiovascular death. Aspirin use was associated with a 43% of major bleeding events, compared to those who did not take it. | 34 The role of additional measures to reduce the potential harms of long-term aspirin use is not clear from the present study. 27 However, the use of PPIs was inconsistently reported in the studies included in this analysis. This finding is in contrast to an individual patient data meta-analysis of primary and secondary prevention aspirin trials that demonstrated a % reduction in cancer mortality associated with aspirin use. | [1.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1.4 | news | https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/01/190122114950.htm |
10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.3701 | Medicine_28 | Estimated Medicare Cost for Prostate Cancer Care in Older Men
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Key Points For men diagnosed in 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007, the total 3-year cost for treating and screening each group was estimated to be $1.2 billion. | If we were to scale up our per-person cost to the national level using this more recent incidence data, the total 3-year costs to Medicare for diagnosing prostate cancer in men 70 years or older would be $1 billion, a decrease of approximately $200 million relative to the earlier incidence rates. | Estimated Medicare Cost for Prostate Cancer Care in Older Men
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Key Points For men diagnosed in 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007, the total 3-year cost for treating and screening each group was estimated to be $1.2 billion. The median per-patient cost within 3 years after prostate cancer diagnosis was $14,453, with treatment costs accounting for 73% of that total. The researchers estimated a cost savings of $320 million per year for Medicare if patients who have a Gleason score of 6 choose active surveillance. | 29, 30 The age groups with the largest declines were ages 70 to 74 years (a decrease of 112 men per 100 000) and 75 to 79 years (a decrease of 120 men per 100 000). If we were to scale up our per-person cost to the national level using this more recent incidence data, the total 3-year costs to Medicare for diagnosing prostate cancer in men 70 years or older would be $1 billion, a decrease of approximately $200 million relative to the earlier incidence rates. Third, active surveillance has become a standard option for men with Gleason scores of 6 or lower. | [3.0, 3.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 3.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37161484598&p=1pl&v=1&x=LLy33mp4g8e_fImU9SDVlg |
10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.09.005 | Medicine_280 | This research has drawn up similar conclusions the doll is giving children an unrealistic image that being slim is better. | Rather, this explanation posits that Barbie's thin-ideal promoting messages are stronger when Barbie is depicted in a way that draws attention to her physical attributes, rather than the functionality of her body. | This was not the first time researchers claim Barbie dolls affect young girls' body image. This research has drawn up similar conclusions the doll is giving children an unrealistic image that being slim is better. The researchers suggested parents should emphasize and discuss what entails having a healthy body with their little girls so that they can develop good body image concepts. | On the contrary, found that when referring to Barbies, girls still commented on appearance-related attributes other than body shape such as hair and facial features. Rather, this explanation posits that Barbie's thin-ideal promoting messages are stronger when Barbie is depicted in a way that draws attention to her physical attributes, rather than the functionality of her body. Given that a focus on physical functional ability over appearance is thought to contribute to lower body image concern , it may be that focusing on a Barbie's ability to move around and perform tasks could provide a protective effect against appearance-centric messages. | [3.0, 5.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 3.2 | news | http://www.parentherald.com/articles/97873/20170130/barbie-dolls-harm-little-girls-body-image-experts-advise-parents.htm |
10.1186/s13059-018-1434-0 | Medicine_281 | "We found that negative selection plays an important role in cancer evolution, which is quite controversial because it has been historically neglected in most studies and, ultimately, challenges the current paradigm of an exclusive role of positive selection in cancer," explains Dr. Schaefer. | Of these pathways, the 12 members that were under the strongest negative selection (d N /d S < 0.5) were specifically enriched in glucose transport and metabolism ("facilitative Na + -independent glucose transporters" and "glucose metabolism;" both Q < 0.05). | Their results challenge the most extended paradigm of an exclusive role of positive selection in cancer evolution. "We found that negative selection plays an important role in cancer evolution, which is quite controversial because it has been historically neglected in most studies and, ultimately, challenges the current paradigm of an exclusive role of positive selection in cancer," explains Dr. Schaefer. "This is the first large scale study with a solid method to detect a substantial impact of negative selection in shaping cancer genomes. | Three Reactome pathways related to molecular transport were enriched among the negatively selected genes ( Fig. Of these pathways, the 12 members that were under the strongest negative selection (d N /d S < 0.5) were specifically enriched in glucose transport and metabolism ("facilitative Na + -independent glucose transporters" and "glucose metabolism;" both Q < 0.05). Specifically, five of the 12 genes, GCK, SLC2A1 | [3.0, 2.0, 4.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 2.6 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34527375501&p=1pl&v=1&x=1CtmjzSbC1y6cGD8LDIXPA |
10.1098/rsbl.2014.0993 | Medicine_282 | Although the light of the half moon would likely be sufficient to illuminate the pollen, the full moon alone remains up throughout the entire night, so the researchers think that E. foeminiea maximizes the effect for efficiency. | The moon may further be crucial for pollinator attraction. | That display likely acts as a homing beacon for insects, including the flies and moths that the researchers observed alighting on E. foeminiea that evening. Although the light of the half moon would likely be sufficient to illuminate the pollen, the full moon alone remains up throughout the entire night, so the researchers think that E. foeminiea maximizes the effect for efficiency. While some pollen drops did appear during the full moons of August and September, there were significantly fewer cones, suggesting that E. foeminiea, like its relatives, peaks in summer. | This fits well with our field sites in the Balkans, where a cloudy sky is rare in the summer and no high trees shade the environment. The moon may further be crucial for pollinator attraction. While investigated species of Gnetum emit easily detectable scent (C. Rydin 2014, personal observation and ), Ephedra does not. | [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 4 | news | http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/wereplant-releases-its-pollen-by-light-full-moon-180954827/ |
10.1186/s12944-018-0743-3 | Medicine_283 | Circuit training is also a great way to improve your muscular endurance and strength. | In conclusion, I observed how circuit training at home can improve the calcaneus QUS status, such as QUS-SI, QUS-SOS, and QUS-BUA, as well as build muscle while losing fat mass through easy sports activities among young females. | The benefits of circuit training
When it comes down to it, the benefits of circuit training are to burn fat and build muscle, Ryan says. Circuit training is also a great way to improve your muscular endurance and strength. Circuit training helps with building muscular endurance because there aren't any rests between exercises; you go from one move to the next. | Third, studies involving both sexes may be needed to clarify the sex-based differences in the effect of such exercise on the calcaneus QUS status. In conclusion, I observed how circuit training at home can improve the calcaneus QUS status, such as QUS-SI, QUS-SOS, and QUS-BUA, as well as build muscle while losing fat mass through easy sports activities among young females. These findings suggest that circuit training can help females attain significantly greater bone mass and muscle mass and may reduce their risk of osteoporosis or cardiovascular disease in later life. | [4.0, 3.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 3.8 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39028000354&p=1pl&v=1&x=rNZIkXnItgXmLxg4R0B21g |
10.1007/s10803-017-3154-9 | Medicine_285 | Children and teens living with married caregivers were slightly less likely to need hospital care than those living with only one adult caregiver. | However, there were significant differences in caregiver marital status (χ 2 (2) = 15.8, p < 0.0001), with significantly more caregivers in the AIC sample being unmarried or without domestic partnerships (χ 2 (1) = 15.2, p < 0.0001). | And those with high scores on a scale of autism symptom severity had a slightly increased risk, the investigators found. Children and teens living with married caregivers were slightly less likely to need hospital care than those living with only one adult caregiver. The researchers said that's probably not about family structure or stability but more likely owes to the resources available to care for a very needy child. | Within both samples, the majority of participants resided in the family home (χ 2 (1) = 4.8, p = 0.05). However, there were significant differences in caregiver marital status (χ 2 (2) = 15.8, p < 0.0001), with significantly more caregivers in the AIC sample being unmarried or without domestic partnerships (χ 2 (1) = 15.2, p < 0.0001). No significant group differences were observed in household income (χ 2 (3) = 14.3, p = 0.003) after correcting for multiple comparisons. | [4.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 2.4 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/study-explains-hospitalization-odds-for-autistic-youth/ |
10.1093/gerona/glt162 | Medicine_287 | My suspicion is that many people who respond to surveys by saying they expect to work until age 70 or beyond haven't really thought through the implications of that decision. | Taken together, these additional findings suggest that this potential bias did not yield a significant effect on combined work and housework limitation outcomes, although some possible underreporting of work limitations among the oldest age groups remains a limitation of the analysis. | So, the "work longer" strategy might be physically possible for large numbers of older people. My suspicion is that many people who respond to surveys by saying they expect to work until age 70 or beyond haven't really thought through the implications of that decision. With so many issues involved, that's a question for another day. | In two supplemental analyses, we found that the separate rates of housework limitations and work limitations by age group were fairly similar, and that the proportion of individuals with limitations in social, recreational, or family activities (another MEPS variable) rose even less steeply with increasing age than work or housework limitations. Taken together, these additional findings suggest that this potential bias did not yield a significant effect on combined work and housework limitation outcomes, although some possible underreporting of work limitations among the oldest age groups remains a limitation of the analysis. A substantial proportion of individuals in every age group report their health as "excellent" or "very good": 48% among those aged 51-54, falling gradually to 28% among those aged 85 and older ( Figure 2 ). | [2.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1.666667 | news | http://www.cbsnews.com/news/how-long-could-you-delay-retirement/ |
10.1073/pnas.1515528113 | Medicine_288 | More resources "do lead to improvements in coverage," he said. | Although these data are currently the most detailed estimates available, they are potentially biased by not representing a random sample of the US population and by having been collected from clinical observations at regular follow-up appointments. | Furthermore, increased funding to states could improve vaccine coverage and public health, the researchers noted. More resources "do lead to improvements in coverage," he said. "In terms of number of cancers averted per vaccine, there are decreasing marginal returns in states that already have high coverage. | In addition, our findings that a vaccine dose has the greatest impact in states with lower coverage and that every state benefits from cooperative vaccination policies are direct consequences of interstate migration and therefore are robust to assumptions of dose efficacy. Although these data are currently the most detailed estimates available, they are potentially biased by not representing a random sample of the US population and by having been collected from clinical observations at regular follow-up appointments. However, any such biases do not affect our projections significantly, as demonstrated by our model validation. | [1.0, 1.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 2.2 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/tL7ylLtvSRo/ |
10.1016/j.cub.2014.01.013 | Medicine_289 | The method allows the researchers to look not just at naturally occurring toxins from spider (especially tarantula) venom, but also at subtle molecular variants. | These studies establish screening of t-toxin libraries of native and mutated toxins, which we term ''toxineering,'' as a generally applicable method for isolation of novel ion channel modifiers and for design of ion channel modifiers with altered target selectivity. | The toxineering technique developed by these researchers is conducive to this. The method allows the researchers to look not just at naturally occurring toxins from spider (especially tarantula) venom, but also at subtle molecular variants. By means of further experimentation, the investigators were even able to identify the sub-domains of the TRPA1 ion channel that were bound by the modified ProTx-I. | We found that ProTx-I inhibits both Na V and TRPA1 by binding to the S1-S4 gating domains of these distantly related 6-TM channels. These studies establish screening of t-toxin libraries of native and mutated toxins, which we term ''toxineering,'' as a generally applicable method for isolation of novel ion channel modifiers and for design of ion channel modifiers with altered target selectivity. They also suggest that ProTx-I will be a valuable pharmacological reagent for addressing the biophysical mechanisms of TRPA1 gating and the physiology and pathophysiology of TRPA1 function in nociceptors, as well as for potential clinical application in the context of pain and inflammation. | [4.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 2 | news | http://guardianlv.com/2014/03/venom-of-tarantula-for-use-as-painkiller/ |
10.1007/s10803-017-3154-9 | Medicine_29 | "Our results underscore the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with ASD that addresses behavioral, psychological and psychiatric, adaptive, sleep and medical functioning in order to decrease behavioral crises and the utilization of inpatient psychiatric services," Righi and co-authors wrote in the study published in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. | Our results underscore the importance of a multi-disciplinary approach to the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with ASD that addresses behavioral, psychological/ psychiatric, adaptive, sleep, and medical functioning in order to decrease behavioral crises and the utilization of inpatient psychiatric services. | The strongest risk factors--disrupted sleep, having a mood disorder and living in a home with a single caregiver--are not necessarily associated with ASD. "Our results underscore the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with ASD that addresses behavioral, psychological and psychiatric, adaptive, sleep and medical functioning in order to decrease behavioral crises and the utilization of inpatient psychiatric services," Righi and co-authors wrote in the study published in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. By employing statistical analysis techniques, the researchers were able to isolate risk factors that were independently and significantly associated with the risk of hospitalization. | In spite of its limitations, the present findings reveal indicators that may be useful for identifying children and adolescents at greater risk of psychiatric hospitalization as well as offer potential targets for individual and family intervention aimed at reducing the likelihood of requiring acute psychiatric services. Our results underscore the importance of a multi-disciplinary approach to the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with ASD that addresses behavioral, psychological/ psychiatric, adaptive, sleep, and medical functioning in order to decrease behavioral crises and the utilization of inpatient psychiatric services. Furthermore, our findings highlight the need to consider the child's functioning in the context of family resources and needs during assessment and treatment, and to provide adequate supports for caregivers. | [5.0, 5.0, 4.0, 5.0] | Medicine | train | 4.75 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/study-of-kids-with-autism-identifies-hospitalization-risk-factors/ |
10.1073/pnas.1714896114 | Medicine_290 | Microdroplets solve the phosphorylation problem in a relatively elegant way, in large part because they have geometry on their side. | In the microdroplets containing only D-ribose and uracil without phosphoric acid, ribosylation reaction products were not observed. | Microdroplets solve the phosphorylation problem in a relatively elegant way, in large part because they have geometry on their side. It turns out that water is mostly a problem when the phosphate is floating around inside a pool of water or a primitive ocean, rather than on its surface. They perfectly optimize the need for life to form in and around water, but with enough surface area for phosphorylation and other reactions to occur. | Thus, uridine also forms spontaneously at room temperature and atmospheric pressure in aqueous microdroplets. In the microdroplets containing only D-ribose and uracil without phosphoric acid, ribosylation reaction products were not observed. These results indicate that this reaction may follow a similar route to a salvage pathway in cells . | [1.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 1.666667 | news | http://www.futurity.org/microdroplets-origins-of-life-1583692/ |
10.1377/hlthaff.2012.1030 | Medicine_291 | C-sections also cost more than vaginal deliveries. | Across all hospitals in our analysis, the mean number of deliveries in 2009 was 1,378 and ranged from 100 (the minimum for our analysis) to 11,971 (Exhibit 3). | The pivot in payments is being made as the quality of maternity care in the United States comes under renewed scrutiny. C-sections also cost more than vaginal deliveries. In the Denver area, for instance, the average vaginal delivery costs $7,716 while the average C-section costs $14,274, according to 2019 data from the Health Care Cost Institute. | The mean rate of cesarean delivery among women with term, singleton, vertex pregnancies and no prior cesarean delivery was 12.0 percent, with fifteenfold variation, from a low of 2.4 percent to a high of 36.4 percent. Across all hospitals in our analysis, the mean number of deliveries in 2009 was 1,378 and ranged from 100 (the minimum for our analysis) to 11,971 (Exhibit 3). Small, medium, and large hospitals represented 22 percent, 30 percent, and 48 percent of our sample, and averaged 581, 1,151, and 1,926 deliveries, respectively. | [2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 1.8 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=40237818568&p=1pl&v=1&x=UbIfZ6fwxC-SSLoUKpAuow |
10.1126/science.1252496 | Medicine_293 | Westphal said the suspected interstellar particles are surprisingly diverse. | Five of the features are associated with native defects in the foil and are not impact craters. | If confirmed, this would be the world's first sampling of contemporary interstellar dust. Westphal said the suspected interstellar particles are surprisingly diverse. A few particles splatted a little when they hit the collection panels because of their speed and the fact that some ended up hitting the aluminum foils between the softer aerogel tiles meant to capture the grains. | The nondetection of iron implies that either the original projectile was relatively iron-poor compared to Orion and Hylabrook, or that relatively little of the original projectile was retained in the track. Five of the features are associated with native defects in the foil and are not impact craters. Four of the impact craters contain residues with compositions inconsistent with spacecraft origin or native foil defects. | [1.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1.4 | news | http://www.cbsnews.com/news/specks-returned-from-space-may-be-alien-visitors/ |
10.1001/jama.2013.277165 | Medicine_294 | These findings do not support the use of otamixaban for patients with NSTE-ACS undergoing planned early percutaneous coronary intervention," the authors conclude. | At that time, the rates of the primary efficacy outcome in the higher-dose otamixaban group was 4.7% (the one selected to go forward) and was 5.6% in the UFH-pluseptifibatide group (adjusted RR, 0.848; 95% CI, 0.662-1.087) but the lower-dose group fulfilled the prespecified criteria for futility with a RR of more than 1 (primary efficacy outcome, 6.3%; RR, 1.130; 95% CI, 0.906-1.408) and was discontinued. | Study anticoagulant was discontinued because of bleeding in 242 patients (4.7 percent) in the otamixaban group and in 95 patients (1.7 percent) in the UFH-plus-eptifibatide group. "Otamixaban did not reduce ischemic events compared with UFH plus eptifibatide but increased bleeding among patients with NSTE-ACS and a planned invasive strategy. These findings do not support the use of otamixaban for patients with NSTE-ACS undergoing planned early percutaneous coronary intervention," the authors conclude. | The design of the TAO trial has been published. At that time, the rates of the primary efficacy outcome in the higher-dose otamixaban group was 4.7% (the one selected to go forward) and was 5.6% in the UFH-pluseptifibatide group (adjusted RR, 0.848; 95% CI, 0.662-1.087) but the lower-dose group fulfilled the prespecified criteria for futility with a RR of more than 1 (primary efficacy outcome, 6.3%; RR, 1.130; 95% CI, 0.906-1.408) and was discontinued. Events occurring among patients who received the discontinued otamixaban dose were not considered in primary outcome analyses, which pertained only to participants randomized to the higher dose of otamixaban vs UFH plus eptifibatide, not to the low-dose otamixaban group. | [3.0, 4.0, 4.0, 2.0, 5.0] | Medicine | train | 3.6 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/09/130901153354.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1073/pnas.1613193114 | Medicine_295 | "This means that climate change adaptation is going to be more expensive than we thought. | However, because most of the high-peak days are generated by warmer temperatures, the upward shift of the temperature distribution has a corresponding effect on the distribution of peak load days, driving the second mode higher under RCP4.5 and higher still under RCP8.5. | They also have a message for policymakers. "This means that climate change adaptation is going to be more expensive than we thought. And so mitigation efforts become more valuable-more worthwhile-because they can prevent these costs," said Hausman, who is co-author of the study that appears in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. | Note that the low-use mode does not shift substantially for either ERCOT or PJM; this is because the number of days with moderate heating needs decreases even as the number of days with moderate cooling needs increases. However, because most of the high-peak days are generated by warmer temperatures, the upward shift of the temperature distribution has a corresponding effect on the distribution of peak load days, driving the second mode higher under RCP4.5 and higher still under RCP8.5. PJM shows a similar but less pronounced effect, with a second mode beginning to emerge under the RCP8.5 scenario. | [2.0, 4.0, 3.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 2.5 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/electricity-costs-a-new-way-theyll-surge-in-a-warming-world/ |
10.1177/0141076814565942 | Medicine_297 | The findings are slightly complicated by earlier work that found autism emerges in utero, which suggests circumcision could only intensify a preexisting deficiency. | This means that our study missed the few traditional Jewish circumcisions in Denmark. | That number may be so low due to overwhelming beliefs that the practice equates to genital mutilation, while stateside it may be considered more comparable to dental braces. The findings are slightly complicated by earlier work that found autism emerges in utero, which suggests circumcision could only intensify a preexisting deficiency. At any rate, the findings may hold great promise for other countries to adopt formal anesthetic protocol to avoid, or at least minimize, the pain children experience. | Specifically, using data from nine countries, Bauer and Kriebel 31 observed that with each 10% increase in a population's neonatal circumcision rate, the estimated prevalence of ASD increased significantly by 2.01 per 1000 boys. This means that our study missed the few traditional Jewish circumcisions in Denmark. If not properly addressed, any association between ritual circumcision and ASD risk could theoretically be due to other factors that might differ between boys in Muslim and non-Muslim families. | [1.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 1.4 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/asd-and-circumcision-linked-thoughts-brain-development-factor-318144 |
10.1002/ejhf.69 | Medicine_298 | However, the trial found that empagliflozin conferred an overall cardiovascular death risk reduction of 38%, compared with placebo. | Mortality and hospitalization risk was higher among participants with reduced ejection fraction versus preserved ejection fraction for participants with preceding vascular disease (HR 1. | "This was not a heart failure study, so we don't know what their New York Heart Association class was, or the details of their baseline HF treatment in the minority of patients who were enrolled who had a history of HF," Dr. Butler cautioned. However, the trial found that empagliflozin conferred an overall cardiovascular death risk reduction of 38%, compared with placebo. When the researchers assessed the impact of treatment on all modes of cardiovascular death, they found that death from heart failure benefited the most (hazard ratio, 0.32; P = .0008), while sudden death benefited as well. | Proportion of participants with reduced versus preserved left ventricular ejection fraction was 45.0% and 55.0% for those with preceding vascular disease and 33.0% vs. 67.0% for those without preceding vascular disease (P=0.040). Mortality and hospitalization risk was higher among participants with reduced ejection fraction versus preserved ejection fraction for participants with preceding vascular disease (HR 1. In this study, consistent with previous reports, we found that vascular disease was an independent predictor of HF in older adults and that the majority of incident cases occurred among individuals with some form of vascular disease 35 . | [1.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 1.333333 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38228224591&p=1pl&v=1&x=VEvBLGqbB4NvvfbrYC9-sA |
10.1001/jamasurg.2018.0672 | Medicine_3 | Of the 704 patients, 60.7, 31.7, and 7.7 percent reported sufficient, problematic, and inadequate FHL, respectively. | Most (n = 427 [60.6%]) of the 704 patients undergoing day surgery reported sufficient FHL, 223 (31.7%) reported problematic FHL, and 54 (7.7%) reported inadequate FHL. | Of the 704 patients, 60.7, 31.7, and 7.7 percent reported sufficient, problematic, and inadequate FHL, respectively. The researchers found that the inadequate and problematic FHL groups had a global score of SwQoR that indicated poor recovery (37.4 and 22.9, respectively). The difference in the global score of SwQoR between inadequate and sufficient FHL (37.4 and 17.7) was statistically significant. | Of these patients, 418 (59.4%) were women and 286 (40.6%) were men. Most (n = 427 [60.6%]) of the 704 patients undergoing day surgery reported sufficient FHL, 223 (31.7%) reported problematic FHL, and 54 (7.7%) reported inadequate FHL. There were no statistical differences between the 3 groups in age, sex, type of anesthesia and surgery, or ASA classification ( Table 1) . | [5.0, 5.0, 3.0, 5.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 4.4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33900191633&p=1pl&v=1&x=U2NKEgQRLXmLRbYHpHEUVQ |
10.1001/jama.2018.20578 | Medicine_30 | With a daily aspirin, 57 rather than 61 people per 10,000 would be expected to suffer a heart attack or stroke; at the same time, 23 rather than 16 people per 10,000 would experience severe bleeding, on average. | In this meta-analysis of 13 trials enrolling 164 225 participants without cardiovascular disease, aspirin use was associated with reductions in the composite cardiovascular outcome consisting of cardiovascular mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke. | That underlines how important it is not to start doing this until you've chatted to your doctor about it. With a daily aspirin, 57 rather than 61 people per 10,000 would be expected to suffer a heart attack or stroke; at the same time, 23 rather than 16 people per 10,000 would experience severe bleeding, on average. "This seriously questions whether people who have not previously had heart attacks or strokes should be taking aspirin with the aim of reducing future cardiovascular events," Zheng told Lisa Rapaport at Reuters. | Aspirin use was associated with increased risk of major bleeding (HR, In this meta-analysis of 13 trials enrolling 164 225 participants without cardiovascular disease, aspirin use was associated with reductions in the composite cardiovascular outcome consisting of cardiovascular mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke. However, aspirin use was associated with an increased risk of major bleeding, intracranial bleeding, and major gastrointestinal bleeding with comparable absolute risk estimates. | [3.0, 2.0, 4.0, 5.0] | Medicine | train | 3.5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38333931091&p=1pl&v=1&x=RFNXfRDC7W6ykWiKhqzpYQ |
10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031914-122421 | Medicine_300 | The gap could make Latinos more vulnerable and potentially more expensive to treat than other racial and ethnic groups with better English language skills. | The findings are that Mexican-origin Latinos fare worse. | "These services may become increasingly politically tenuous as undocumented populations account for higher proportions of clinic users over time," he said. The gap could make Latinos more vulnerable and potentially more expensive to treat than other racial and ethnic groups with better English language skills. The UCLA study also found recent analyses of states that were among the first to implement their own insurance marketplaces suggesting that reducing the number of people who were uninsured reduced mortality and improved health status among the previously uninsured. | These studies have highlighted the significant differences between Mexican-origin and non-Mexican-origin Latinos in terms of health care access and utilization, insurance coverage, health spending, and the utilization of preventive care, after adjusting for socioeconomic and demographic differences-such as age, income, health, insurance status, and region of residence, as well as other predisposing, enabling, and need factors . The findings are that Mexican-origin Latinos fare worse. These findings suggest that strengthening pathways to citizenship would substantially reduce the overall barriers to care experienced by undocumented Latinos. | [1.0, 3.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1.6 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/03/150319092222.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fmost_popular+%28Most+Popular+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.03.019 | Medicine_303 | The researchers found that DNA methylations are erased in female iPS cells but not in male cells. | This highlights the importance of examining single-CpG-level DNA methylation during the reprogramming process. | The differences between male and female iPS cells are most pronounced for one of the key processes in the field of epigenetics: DNA methylation, a modification that changes the activity of a DNA segment without changing its sequence. The researchers found that DNA methylations are erased in female iPS cells but not in male cells. "Our study also indicates that the path towards iPS cells involves the use of specific control switches on DNA called enhancers," adds Dr Constantinos Chronis from UCLA. | We conclude that CpG-specific and reprogramming stage-specific changes in DNA methylation take place throughout female reprogramming. This highlights the importance of examining single-CpG-level DNA methylation during the reprogramming process. Within ESC super-enhancers during female cell reprogramming ( Figure 4B) , a large proportion of CpGs was constitutively hypomethylated (clusters 1 and 2). | [4.0, 4.0, 2.0, 1.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33847856937&p=1pl&v=1&x=vV_Dne2GAjTKIkp14dSTOw |
10.1111/gcb.13526 | Medicine_304 | Cutting down on roots could produce additional carbon savings that the plant can invest towards boosting yield. | Significant increases in the magnitude predicted by the model were observed in the field both at current and elevated [CO 2 ] (Table 1 ; Fig. | "The experiment indicates that that our model is conservative," Srinivasan said. Cutting down on roots could produce additional carbon savings that the plant can invest towards boosting yield. Alternatively, plants with fewer leaves are more water efficient, and thereby may be potentially drought tolerant." | In practice, artificially decreasing investment in leaves by removing a proportion of the emerging leaves during seed fill in the field resulted in increased seed yield. Significant increases in the magnitude predicted by the model were observed in the field both at current and elevated [CO 2 ] (Table 1 ; Fig. An important benefit of having fewer canopy leaves is its associated lower crop water demand. | [1.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 1.8 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/soybean-plants-with-fewer-leaves-yield-more/ |
10.1038/nature12167 | Medicine_305 | SMO is important for proper growth in the early stages of mammalian development and animals with deficiencies in the activities of this protein develop severe deformities in the womb. | In cilia, the activated SMO receptor induces the modification of GLI transcription factors into the active form, thereby inhibiting the processing of GLI transcription factors into a repressor form. | Potential Target for Drug Design
The work is also significant because the SMO protein itself is a potential target for drug design. SMO is important for proper growth in the early stages of mammalian development and animals with deficiencies in the activities of this protein develop severe deformities in the womb. The body reduces its need for SMO in adulthood, and its activity is usually curtailed. | Although the SMO receptor shares the seven-transmembrane helical fold, most of the conserved motifs for class A GPCRs are absent, and the structure reveals an unusually complex arrangement of long extracellular loops stabilized by four disulphide bonds. In cilia, the activated SMO receptor induces the modification of GLI transcription factors into the active form, thereby inhibiting the processing of GLI transcription factors into a repressor form. The 7TM domains of SMO and FZD receptors are reminiscent of class A GPCRs 1 although their sequences are distinct from other GPCRs, sharing less than 10% sequence identity. | [3.0, 4.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 2.75 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/medical-breakthroughs/38297-scripps-research-institute-scientists-find-dissimilar-proteins-evolved-similar-7-part-shape.html |
10.1186/1742-2094-10-46 | Medicine_306 | The idea that treating inflammation will mitigate the symptoms of autism is in no way novel. | We showed that mtDNA is significantly increased in the serum of young autistic children , who also had significantly increased serum level of NT ; this triggers mast cells to secrete mtDNA that acts as innate pathogen to stimulate mast cells and other immune cells, leading to auto-inflammation . | Finding the inflammation-response genes activated is a major piece of the autism puzzle the researchers feel. At that time, the incidence of autism was one in 166 children. The idea that treating inflammation will mitigate the symptoms of autism is in no way novel. | There is also support for increased oxidative stress and some mitochondrial (mt) defects at least in subgroups of patients with ASD . We showed that mtDNA is significantly increased in the serum of young autistic children , who also had significantly increased serum level of NT ; this triggers mast cells to secrete mtDNA that acts as innate pathogen to stimulate mast cells and other immune cells, leading to auto-inflammation . We believe that ASD originate from immune perinatal insults that activate ASD susceptibility genes leading to focal encephalitis ( Table 2) . | [2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 2.4 | news | http://www.inquisitr.com/1676403/researchers-inflammation-is-a-marker-for-autism-could-treating-inflammation-eliminate-symptoms/ |
10.1038/s41598-018-29793-w | Medicine_307 | As if that werenat weird enough, researchers further found that study participantsa noses fell into six different nasal microbiome subtypes. | The microbiota clusters appear to associate with different inflammatory response, viral titer, and symptom severity profiles in rhinovirus infection. | Well, as a turns out, your nose has a microbiome, too a and it might play a key role in how well you fight off colds. As if that werenat weird enough, researchers further found that study participantsa noses fell into six different nasal microbiome subtypes. These nasal microbiome types are linked to how bad your cold symptoms get, and how well you fight the virus off in the first place. | We found that nasal microbiotas of healthy adults in our study cohort grouped into six distinct clusters Staph, Cor/All, Mor, Hae, Ps/Mix, and Mixed, based on the predominant bacterial genera in the nasal microflora. The microbiota clusters appear to associate with different inflammatory response, viral titer, and symptom severity profiles in rhinovirus infection. Our study is aligned with the previous findings suggesting that the microbiota in the nose has seasonal variation. | [3.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 3.333333 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37227743738&p=1pl&v=1&x=2zyW9bON3VHP6zbXr8qTXQ |
10.1186/s40168-015-0071-z | Medicine_309 | "The types and levels of bacteria encountered by infants in developing countries is different from the types and levels of bacteria encountered by the babies in our UC Davis cohort, and that might account for some of the differences," he said. | The aggregated secretor-fed infant samples were, on average, found to have significantly higher absolute levels of bifidobacteria (10 9 .0 /g feces versus 10 | advertisement
The researchers determined that more infants fed by secretor mothers had high levels of bifidobacteria -- 60 percent of infants versus 37.5 percent at day 6 and 80 percent versus 50 percent at day 120 -- and that infants who had more bifidobacteria had lower amounts of milk sugars left over and higher amounts of lactate in their feces. "The types and levels of bacteria encountered by infants in developing countries is different from the types and levels of bacteria encountered by the babies in our UC Davis cohort, and that might account for some of the differences," he said. Maternal secretor status is likely only one of the many factors that influence the infant gut microbiota, Lewis said. | Specifically, secretor-fed infants generally had higher relative amounts of Bifidobacterium (p < 0.05) and Bacteroides and lower levels of enterobacteria, clostridia, and streptococci (p < 0.05). The aggregated secretor-fed infant samples were, on average, found to have significantly higher absolute levels of bifidobacteria (10 9 .0 /g feces versus 10 7.7 /g feces, p < 0.001) ( Figure 3 ). | [2.0, 3.0, 1.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 2.5 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/04/150409143035.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1186/s13229-018-0246-0 | Medicine_31 | In all three cities, the researchers identified new cases of autism in mainstream schools, confirming that there is under-diagnosis of autism in China. | In all three cities, new cases of autism were identified by the study in mainstream schools, reflecting current under-diagnosis. | In Shenzhen and Jiamusi cities, only data for children in mainstream education was available; in Shenzhen City, 42 out of every 10,000 children in mainstream education had autism, and in Jiamusi City this figure was 19 per 10,000. In all three cities, the researchers identified new cases of autism in mainstream schools, confirming that there is under-diagnosis of autism in China. "Contrary to previous studies, we have shown that the prevalence of autism spectrum conditions in China is in line with that found in the West," said Dr Sophia Xiang Sun, who conducted this study as part of her PhD at Cambridge University and who is now based in the Star Kay Bridge Research Centre for Children with Autism in Xiamen, China. | Results from Shenzhen and Jiamusi cities, where only mainstream data were available, prevalence is also in line with Western estimates. In all three cities, new cases of autism were identified by the study in mainstream schools, reflecting current under-diagnosis. Non-significant variation across different cities is seen indicating the need to explore potential variation of autism across diverse Chinese regions with large sample sizes to achieve a fully robust national picture. | [5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0] | Medicine | train | 5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38803711012&p=1pl&v=1&x=__aEa1i_DgRqCsuf6-1kqA |
10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.004 | Medicine_310 | They show that if you block the activity of this gene in mice, they recover faster from disturbances in their daily light/dark cycle that were designed to simulate jet-lag. | Significantly, the clock genes Per1 and Per2 also contain conserved CREs, which mediate their light induction . | They show that if you block the activity of this gene in mice, they recover faster from disturbances in their daily light/dark cycle that were designed to simulate jet-lag. They identified around 100 genes that were switched on in response to light, revealing a sequence of events that retune the circadian clock. When they blocked the activity of SIK1, the mice adjusted faster to changes in light cycle. | The promoters of many previously identified light-responsive genes in the SCN including Fos, Nr4a1, Egr1, Egr3 , the MAP kinase phosphatase Dusp1 , and miRNAs miR-132 and miR-217 all contain a highly conserved CRE. Significantly, the clock genes Per1 and Per2 also contain conserved CREs, which mediate their light induction . Elevated PER1 and PER2 adjust the molecular-feedback loop of the circadian oscillator to the light/dark (LD) cycle. | [4.0, 1.0, 1.0, 4.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/disorders-conditions/sleep/42414-jet-lag-study-reveals-why-time-changes-are-a-struggle.html |
10.1016/j.cell.2015.07.058 | Medicine_311 | "The requirement of MRN for sensing both cellular and viral genome breaks has profound consequences," says O'Shea. | MR knockdown and Mirin have no effect on DDR phosphorylated substrates in uninfected and DE1-infected cells ( Figure 2C ). | This means the virus is effectively ignored while the cell responds to the more massive alarm. "The requirement of MRN for sensing both cellular and viral genome breaks has profound consequences," says O'Shea. "When MRN is recruited to cellular DNA breaks, it can no longer sense and respond to incoming viral genomes. | Thus, the activation of global DDR signaling in WT-virus-infected cells is MRN independent and is not due to residual MRN expression or activity. MR knockdown and Mirin have no effect on DDR phosphorylated substrates in uninfected and DE1-infected cells ( Figure 2C ). Strikingly, in DE1B-55K/DE4-ORF3-infected cells MR knockdown, but not Mirin, induces the global phosphorylation of DDR substrates ( Figure 2C ). | [1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1.333333 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/cancers/66433-the-dna-damage-response-goes-viral-a-way-in-for-new-cancer-treatments.html |
10.1002/oby.20610 | Medicine_312 | The results show that home-schoolers were less likely to be obese than the traditionally-schooled kids, even though kids in both groups were getting the same amount of moderate to vigorous physical activity. | Traditional school status was associated with increased reported intake of trans fat (p=0.0136), total sugar (p=0.0342), added sugars (p=0.0164), calcium (p=0.0109), and decreased consumption of fiber (p=0.0408), and fruits and vegetables (p=0.0005). | "We found the opposite." The results show that home-schoolers were less likely to be obese than the traditionally-schooled kids, even though kids in both groups were getting the same amount of moderate to vigorous physical activity. The calorie intakes were also similar, except at lunchtime. | No significant differences were detected between TSC and HSC with respect to the amount of time spent engaged in daily moderate to vigorous physical activity. Traditional school status was associated with increased reported intake of trans fat (p=0.0136), total sugar (p=0.0342), added sugars (p=0.0164), calcium (p=0.0109), and decreased consumption of fiber (p=0.0408), and fruits and vegetables (p=0.0005). Being traditionally schooled was also nearly significantly associated with increased energy intake (p=0.0584). | [3.0, 4.0, 2.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 3.4 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131017111406.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1038/s41590-018-0068-4 | Medicine_313 | These results suggest that TLR8 acts as a key switch for protective immune responses. | These results indicated that the recognition of bacterial viability was an essential driver of vaccine-induced T FH cell and antibody responses in vivo. | Moreover, the scientists also found that patients carrying an activating TLR8 gene variant responded better to a live vaccine against tuberculosis, which resulted in improved protection against disease. These results suggest that TLR8 acts as a key switch for protective immune responses. "These results may enable us to develop new vaccines that will combine the safety of modern subunit vaccines with the high efficacy of live vaccines." | 7g) , which demonstrated enhanced humoral immunity in response to the live vaccine. These results indicated that the recognition of bacterial viability was an essential driver of vaccine-induced T FH cell and antibody responses in vivo. A TLR8 polymorphism is associated with vaccine protection in humans. | [2.0, 4.0, 1.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 2.8 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33723683656&p=1pl&v=1&x=R9OQAdHcxos4adubuX4cGg |
10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.03.019 | Medicine_314 | Working with iPS cells has numerous advantages compared with other methods. | These observations might explain some of the changes described in a recent study of DNA methylation during reprogramming that did not examine the state of the X chromosome . | Working with iPS cells has numerous advantages compared with other methods. For one thing, you use adult cells to make iPS cells, so you no longer need embryos. Furthermore, the reprogrammed cells have the patient's DNA, so the body will be less likely to reject them. | In summary, XCR followed by X chromosome loss in female iPSCs explains the sex-specific DNA methylation events seen in our study. These observations might explain some of the changes described in a recent study of DNA methylation during reprogramming that did not examine the state of the X chromosome . We have not excluded the possibility that X chromosome loss takes place as a result of global DNA hypomethylation. | [1.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1.4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33840716996&p=1pl&v=1&x=Mnhm9vKpmXnXvffrOX7_og |
10.1038/s41598-017-03627-7 | Medicine_318 | He hopes the research will help lend scientific credence to the notion that touch can ease pain. | These findings can be explained by the fact that female participants experienced the real pain and their male partners only guessed the females' pain level. | Goldstein did measure brainwave activity and plans to present those results in a future study. He hopes the research will help lend scientific credence to the notion that touch can ease pain. For now, he has some advice for partners in the delivery room: Be ready and available to hold your partner's hand. | Interestingly, the difference in pain between the conditions with and without touch was higher in females than in males, who estimated their partners' pain. These findings can be explained by the fact that female participants experienced the real pain and their male partners only guessed the females' pain level. It is thus possible that males did not realize the magnitude of the effectiveness of their touch and therefore their pain ratings did not decrease in the touch condition. | [2.0, 1.0, 5.0] | Medicine | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39586310183&p=1pl&v=1&x=MLIK2XeMJ34Ijqm2aaBClw |
10.3945/jn.113.188441 | Medicine_319 | These changes could lead to increased mortality among South Koreans due to cardiovascular disease, along with increased health care costs. | The highest quintile for the TP was associated with decreased prevalence of elevated blood pressure (OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.90) and marginally lower trends for abdominal obesity (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.98; P-trend = 0.06), but neither of the dietary patterns was associated with prevalence of metabolic syndrome. | This association was found to be particularly strong for women. These changes could lead to increased mortality among South Koreans due to cardiovascular disease, along with increased health care costs. Dr. Shin discovered that consuming instant noodles two or more times a week was associated with cardiometabolic syndrome. | The highest MP quintile was associated with increased prevalence of abdominal obesity (OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.90), LDL cholesterol $130 mg/dL (1.3 g/L) (OR: 1.57, 95% CI 1.26, 1.95), decreased prevalence of low HDL cholesterol (OR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.80), and high triglycerides [$150 mg/dL (1.5 g/L); OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.93]. The highest quintile for the TP was associated with decreased prevalence of elevated blood pressure (OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.90) and marginally lower trends for abdominal obesity (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.98; P-trend = 0.06), but neither of the dietary patterns was associated with prevalence of metabolic syndrome. The consumption of instant noodles $2 times/wk was associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (OR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.55) in women but not in men (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.58, 1.49; P-interaction = 0.04). | [3.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1.8 | news | http://www.emaxhealth.com/11402/eating-too-many-instant-noodles-could-cause-metabolic-syndrome |
10.3945/jn.113.188441 | Medicine_32 | Women who ate a cup of them more than twice a week saw a 68% jump in cardiometabolic syndrome. | The highest quintile for the TP was associated with decreased prevalence of elevated blood pressure (OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.90) and marginally lower trends for abdominal obesity (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.98; P-trend = 0.06), but neither of the dietary patterns was associated with prevalence of metabolic syndrome. | When instant noodles were thrown in the mix, researchers saw trouble. Women who ate a cup of them more than twice a week saw a 68% jump in cardiometabolic syndrome. It didn't matter what else they ate. | The highest MP quintile was associated with increased prevalence of abdominal obesity (OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.90), LDL cholesterol $130 mg/dL (1.3 g/L) (OR: 1.57, 95% CI 1.26, 1.95), decreased prevalence of low HDL cholesterol (OR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.80), and high triglycerides [$150 mg/dL (1.5 g/L); OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.93]. The highest quintile for the TP was associated with decreased prevalence of elevated blood pressure (OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.90) and marginally lower trends for abdominal obesity (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.98; P-trend = 0.06), but neither of the dietary patterns was associated with prevalence of metabolic syndrome. The consumption of instant noodles $2 times/wk was associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (OR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.55) in women but not in men (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.58, 1.49; P-interaction = 0.04). | [2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 1.6 | news | http://www.newser.com/story/192784/new-heart-disease-culprit-ramen.html |
10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.09.005 | Medicine_320 | The researchers suggested parents should emphasize and discuss what entails having a healthy body with their little girls so that they can develop good body image concepts. | Continued exposure to Barbie in early childhood may lead girls to not only adopt a thin ideal but also, in combination with a variety of other thin-ideal transmitters, may prime them to more readily accept future thin-ideal promoting messages. | This research has drawn up similar conclusions the doll is giving children an unrealistic image that being slim is better. The researchers suggested parents should emphasize and discuss what entails having a healthy body with their little girls so that they can develop good body image concepts. Mattel isn't buying the study's claims though. | However, it is still possible that different types of exposure could have differential cumulative impact over time, which would only become apparent in a longitudinal study. Continued exposure to Barbie in early childhood may lead girls to not only adopt a thin ideal but also, in combination with a variety of other thin-ideal transmitters, may prime them to more readily accept future thin-ideal promoting messages. Future research is necessary to establish this link. | [2.0, 4.0, 3.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 3 | news | http://www.parentherald.com/articles/97873/20170130/barbie-dolls-harm-little-girls-body-image-experts-advise-parents.htm |
10.1016/j.neuron.2017.06.028 | Medicine_321 | We think that the identification of the relevant molecular mediators of this form of plasticity may offer novel therapeutic strategies to recover from deficits in perception, learning and memory associated with a range of diseases.' | We found that Bcan knockdown mice displayed the same short-term memory deficit exhibited by Bcan mutant mice , demonstrating that normal levels of BCAN specifically in PV+ cells are required for short-term memory. | These novel findings show that Brevican is dynamically regulated by experiences coming from the environment and is fundamentally required for spatial working memory and short-term memories. When we identified some of the mechanisms underlying this regulation, I was amazed by how a single protein can act as an activity sensor, orchestrate such a complex molecular program and simultaneously influence several key cellular processes', said Dr Emilia Favuzzi, first author of the study from the Centre for Developmental Neurobiology (CDN) at King's College London. We think that the identification of the relevant molecular mediators of this form of plasticity may offer novel therapeutic strategies to recover from deficits in perception, learning and memory associated with a range of diseases.' | Interestingly, the discrimination index was higher in Bcan À/À mice than in controls (Figure 8M) , suggesting potentially enhanced long-term memory in absence of BCAN. We found that Bcan knockdown mice displayed the same short-term memory deficit exhibited by Bcan mutant mice , demonstrating that normal levels of BCAN specifically in PV+ cells are required for short-term memory. Altogether, these results demonstrate that BCAN regulates plasticity-dependent events that are essential for learning and memory. | [2.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1.333333 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/how-neurons-sense-our-everyday-life/ |
10.1016/j.neuron.2014.05.028 | Medicine_322 | "The Tac2 gene is robustly activated after fear learning and belongs to a pathway that can be specifically blocked with a drug," Ressler says. | More studies about this topic would be desirable to further understand the mechanisms of the Tac2/ NkB/Nk3R pathway. | The Tac2 gene was turned on more strongly during fear learning in mice that were previously exposed to a model of traumatic stress. "The Tac2 gene is robustly activated after fear learning and belongs to a pathway that can be specifically blocked with a drug," Ressler says. "It was interesting that Tac2 is highly expressed in one particular part of the amygdala, but with low or no expression in other brain areas related to the formation of fear memories. | To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evidence that a neuronal population specifically highly expressed in the CeM, Tac2 and its product NkB peptide, are required for the modulation of fear memory consolidation affecting neither unconditioned fear nor anxiety-like behavior. More studies about this topic would be desirable to further understand the mechanisms of the Tac2/ NkB/Nk3R pathway. Our findings also suggest that CeA-Tac2 lentiviral overexpression enhances fear memory consolidation but Nk3R antagonism prevents it. | [2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 5.0] | Medicine | train | 2 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/06/140630124423.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.10.028 | Medicine_323 | Punishment like spanking doesn't improve a child's behavior over the long-term. | Fourth, parent education (as a proxy for socioeconomic status) was linked to teen dating violence-specifically, that participants with lower socioeconomic status were more likely to perpetrate teen dating violence. | My preference is to encourage positive behavioral management and decrease the use of punishment. Punishment like spanking doesn't improve a child's behavior over the long-term. Keep in mind that these strategies are useful for some children. | Notably, this latter finding refers only to acts of violence and not frequency or severity, which is important, given research showing that female subjects may suffer more long-term negative physical and psychosocial consequences of teen dating violence. Fourth, parent education (as a proxy for socioeconomic status) was linked to teen dating violence-specifically, that participants with lower socioeconomic status were more likely to perpetrate teen dating violence. Finally, corporal punishment was associated with future physical perpetration of dating violence, even after controlling for demographic variables (ie, sex, ethnicity, age, parental education), as well as a history of childhood physical abuse. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 1.5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=32818256385&p=1pl&v=1&x=0ZAEkx105k29I5f3n6_nlQ |
10.1038/s41467-019-09863-x | Medicine_324 | "Positive tipping points could be you rebuild in the aftermath of these disasters in a way that's more sustainable and resilient," he noted. | The scenarios extend out to 2300 to capture the effects of multiple slow physical processes including the PCF and the loss of the winter sea ice under high emissions pathways. | Kopp pointed to the risk of socio-economic tipping points--changes in a society's ability to respond to or recover from repeated exposure to increasingly extreme weather or other severe climate-related events, such as hurricanes, wildfires or floods. "Positive tipping points could be you rebuild in the aftermath of these disasters in a way that's more sustainable and resilient," he noted. Jina added that not all socio-economic tipping points may necessarily be triggered by sudden events like extreme weather. | We also introduce an intermediate 2.5°C target, which requires more mitigation than is proposed by the NDCs, and an NDCs Partial scenario with a persistent under-delivery on pledges consistent with an estimated long-term effect of the US's withdrawal from the Paris Agreement. The scenarios extend out to 2300 to capture the effects of multiple slow physical processes including the PCF and the loss of the winter sea ice under high emissions pathways. While very long horizons like this may appear irrelevant from the point of view of the actual socio-economic processes, the well-established technological, demographic and resource constraints 23 imply that the range of scenarios is still plausible beyond the 21st century 24 . | [3.0, 3.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39068075992&p=1pl&v=1&x=s9tSrEITwL3rwfEi9cWT-w |
10.1111/all.13333 | Medicine_326 | In addition, the researchers also said that while they didn't find the vaccine useful for prevention of hospitalization due to influenza community-acquired pneumonia it may be good for other outcomes. | Asthma patients seemed to have a higher risk of being admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) or to have a more severe disease course when hospitalized for influenza, Severe disease was especially common in those developing pneumonia, but did not seem to be related to the severity of underlying asthma. | The study data also showed that while some of their results were in contradiction of some CDC results that was felt to be because the study only looked at a specific group while CDC looks at data from all groups. In addition, the researchers also said that while they didn't find the vaccine useful for prevention of hospitalization due to influenza community-acquired pneumonia it may be good for other outcomes. The researchers also found it did have supporting evidence that vaccine effectiveness varies substantially from year to year and that results from studies may not estimate true effectiveness either. | Interestingly, influenza-related hospitalization costs in children with asthma may be lower than in children with other chronic conditions and were very close to costs in children without comorbidity. Asthma patients seemed to have a higher risk of being admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) or to have a more severe disease course when hospitalized for influenza, Severe disease was especially common in those developing pneumonia, but did not seem to be related to the severity of underlying asthma. In a multivariate analysis of H1N1 pediatric patients, asthma was associated with increased mortality in ICU-admitted children and adolescents (OR 1.34, P = .05). | [3.0, 1.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 2.2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37849057616&p=1pl&v=1&x=xt4Zpy97jdfgJxOWwQtwhA |
10.14814/phy2.13617 | Medicine_327 | "In this study we found that these kids were extremely sensitive to light." | The magnitude of the circadian response to light may differ in young children and therefore understanding the phase shifting effects of light in this age group is necessary to support age-based recommendations for evening light exposure. | The study comes at a time when use of electronics is rapidly expanding among this age group and adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting that-because of structural differences in their eyes-children may be more vulnerable to the impact light has on sleep and the body clock. "In this study we found that these kids were extremely sensitive to light." Melatonin levels were 88 percent lower after bright light exposure. | Although this study was not designed to assess changes in circadian timing (phase shifts) in response to an experimental light stimulus, this represents an area of rich investigation. The magnitude of the circadian response to light may differ in young children and therefore understanding the phase shifting effects of light in this age group is necessary to support age-based recommendations for evening light exposure. Because the early childhood years are a sensitive and vulnerable window in human development (Center on the Developing Child, 2010), future research should investigate the role of evening light exposure in health and disease in early life. | [2.0, 3.0, 3.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 3 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33480456707&p=1pl&v=1&x=hN9hUXXld--gBVhWbWCNfA |
10.1001/jama.2014.15690 | Medicine_328 | Researchers also wrote that other benefits of aspirin including prevention of cancer, should be considered. | In the no aspirin group, the proportion of patients who started to take daily low-dose aspirin increased each year from 1.5% in year 1 to 9.8% in year 5. | "Japanese tend to have fewer heart attacks and more strokes, particularly more hemorrhagic strokes. In this study they had many more strokes than heart attacks, which is not something you'd see in a U.S. population," Gaziano said according to CBS News. Researchers also wrote that other benefits of aspirin including prevention of cancer, should be considered. | A total of 88.9% of patients reported that they were adherent in year 1; this value decreased to 76.0% in year 5 (eTable 1 in the Supplement). In the no aspirin group, the proportion of patients who started to take daily low-dose aspirin increased each year from 1.5% in year 1 to 9.8% in year 5. Most patients did not receive medicines (antiplatelet or anticoagulant agents) that had been, in principle, prohibited after enrollment; however, the proportion of patients receiving these prohibited medications increased over time in both the aspirin group (1.3% in year 1, 10.5% in year 5) and the no aspirin group (1.4% in year 1, 10.4% in year 5) (eTable 1 in the Supplement). | [2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1.4 | news | http://www.counselheal.com/articles/13333/20141120/aspirin-cut-heart-problems-risk.htm |
10.1186/gb-2013-14-7-r73 | Medicine_329 | The number of vlincRNAs expressed by these domesticated viral sequences correlates with both embryonic development and malignant cancers. | Unlike vlinc_500 which is supported by the EST evidence, Vlinc_21 (~121 kb; panels C & D) is located within a totally un-annotated region of chromosome 1 with no spliced EST,~1.4 Mb from the closest UCSC gene annotation. | "Future research into the role and function of vlincRNAs holds promise for both highly targeted diagnostic tests and more precise cancer treatments. The number of vlincRNAs expressed by these domesticated viral sequences correlates with both embryonic development and malignant cancers. "Based upon this technology, we now have a greater understanding of transcriptome regulation, with potential to lead to therapeutic targets and better disease diagnostics." | Most of the RNAseq signal was in the intronic regions of these ESTs, consistent with the overall observation that majority of the "dark matter" RNA signal is intronic . Unlike vlinc_500 which is supported by the EST evidence, Vlinc_21 (~121 kb; panels C & D) is located within a totally un-annotated region of chromosome 1 with no spliced EST,~1.4 Mb from the closest UCSC gene annotation. RNAseq data shows density of informative reads normalized by 10M informative reads. | [2.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 1.4 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/07/130731093915.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1186/s13059-018-1434-0 | Medicine_33 | Their results challenge the most extended paradigm of an exclusive role of positive selection in cancer evolution. | In summary, the presented evidence supports a major role of negative selection in cancer evolution, which has been neglected in most studies, and ultimately challenges the current paradigm of an exclusive role of positive selection in cancer. | Their results challenge the most extended paradigm of an exclusive role of positive selection in cancer evolution. "We found that negative selection plays an important role in cancer evolution, which is quite controversial because it has been historically neglected in most studies and, ultimately, challenges the current paradigm of an exclusive role of positive selection in cancer," explains Dr. Schaefer. "This is the first large scale study with a solid method to detect a substantial impact of negative selection in shaping cancer genomes. | Interestingly, AP-1 is essential for MHC complex I downregulation and immune escape upon HIV infection . In summary, the presented evidence supports a major role of negative selection in cancer evolution, which has been neglected in most studies, and ultimately challenges the current paradigm of an exclusive role of positive selection in cancer. These studies help to shed light upon the mechanisms underlying immune evasion and provide insights for improving cancer immunotherapies in the future. | [5.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 5.0] | Medicine | train | 4.4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34527375501&p=1pl&v=1&x=1CtmjzSbC1y6cGD8LDIXPA |
10.1038/ncomms14514 | Medicine_331 | Somehow, at this size, the electronic structure of the material is so stable that every single cluster has the same arrangement of atoms." | For colloidal NCs, the degree of compressive strain is dictated not just by the size, but also by surface faceting and the nature of surface ligands, which influence g: strongly passivating ligands can reduce the surface tension g, thereby relieving some degree of strain caused by small size. | This crystal structure is a result of internal strain in the clusters. It turns out with these clusters, every single cluster is exactly the same structure. Somehow, at this size, the electronic structure of the material is so stable that every single cluster has the same arrangement of atoms." | in equation (1)) increases. For colloidal NCs, the degree of compressive strain is dictated not just by the size, but also by surface faceting and the nature of surface ligands, which influence g: strongly passivating ligands can reduce the surface tension g, thereby relieving some degree of strain caused by small size. The higher compressive strain measured in the 2 nm Cu 2 Se clusters relative to the larger NCs is a result of the smaller crystallite size of the former along with some contribution from differences in ligand passivation: the clusters are capped with trioctylphosphine (TOP), whereas the 4 and 6 nm NCs are capped with octylamine. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1.2 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/uNVFlIGRBVk/ |
10.1038/ncomms14514 | Medicine_332 | Somehow, at this size, the electronic structure of the material is so stable that every single cluster has the same arrangement of atoms." | Thus, the increase in tetrahedral site occupation measured by PXRD goes hand-in-hand with the decrease in the propensity of tetrahedral vacancy ordering seen in HRTEM. | This crystal structure is a result of internal strain in the clusters. It turns out with these clusters, every single cluster is exactly the same structure. Somehow, at this size, the electronic structure of the material is so stable that every single cluster has the same arrangement of atoms." | In fact, the best match for the experimental PXRD pattern of the 4 nm NCs, which shows a distinct {200} peak, is the anti-fluorite structure, wherein all or most 8c tetrahedral sites are occupied and there is little to no occupancy in 32f trigonal sites. Thus, the increase in tetrahedral site occupation measured by PXRD goes hand-in-hand with the decrease in the propensity of tetrahedral vacancy ordering seen in HRTEM. The experimental PXRD pattern for 2 nm clusters could not be reproduced using only 8c tetrahedral and 32f trigonal site occupation. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1.2 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/uNVFlIGRBVk/ |
10.1111/gcb.13526 | Medicine_333 | "This rate is insufficient to fulfill the needs for global food security, where we need to produce 70-100% more food by 2050 to feed an estimated 9.7 billion people," said project co-lead Steve Long, Gutgsell Endowed Professor of Plant Biology and Crop Sciences at the Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology at Illinois. | The model therefore predicts that the additional two units of LAI above the model predicted optimum would not significantly contribute to net carbon gain, as photosynthesis roughly compensated for respiratory costs (Fig. | They attribute this boost in yield to increased photosynthesis, decreased respiration, and diversion of resources that would have been invested in more leaves than seeds. "This rate is insufficient to fulfill the needs for global food security, where we need to produce 70-100% more food by 2050 to feed an estimated 9.7 billion people," said project co-lead Steve Long, Gutgsell Endowed Professor of Plant Biology and Crop Sciences at the Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology at Illinois. If we can increase the yield of soybeans, we can solve the problems of protein demand and food production at the same time." | The difference in model-simulated NPP between observed LAI and model predicted optimum LAI was very small (% 3%) under both [CO 2 ] treatments. The model therefore predicts that the additional two units of LAI above the model predicted optimum would not significantly contribute to net carbon gain, as photosynthesis roughly compensated for respiratory costs (Fig. The predicted gains in yield were primarily due to decreased investment in leaves allowing predicted increase in seed production. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1 | news | http://www.seeddaily.com/reports/Soybean_plants_with_fewer_leaves_yield_more_999.html |
10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.004 | Medicine_335 | These rhythms even influence hormone production, hunger, cell regeneration, and body temperature. | Significantly, the clock genes Per1 and Per2 also contain conserved CREs, which mediate their light induction . | "It would appear that SIK1 plays a common role in our circadian clocks found throughout our body, and working as a hand-brake on our ability to shift our biorhythms and adjust to new time zones, whether these are real or artificial, such as those produced during shift work schedules," said Duffield. These rhythms even influence hormone production, hunger, cell regeneration, and body temperature. The disruption of your normal circadian rhythm could possibly leave you susceptible to developing health complications later in life. | The promoters of many previously identified light-responsive genes in the SCN including Fos, Nr4a1, Egr1, Egr3 , the MAP kinase phosphatase Dusp1 , and miRNAs miR-132 and miR-217 all contain a highly conserved CRE. Significantly, the clock genes Per1 and Per2 also contain conserved CREs, which mediate their light induction . Elevated PER1 and PER2 adjust the molecular-feedback loop of the circadian oscillator to the light/dark (LD) cycle. | [1.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 1.6 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/jet-lag-cure-could-lie-newly-discovered-gene-255200 |
10.1377/hlthaff.2012.1030 | Medicine_336 | In that group -- women with normal, full-term pregnancies and no prior C-section -- the rates ranged from 2.4 percent of births to 36.6 percent. | 13 We identified this subset by excluding pregnancies with any of the following characteristics: preterm delivery (prior to thirty-seven weeks gestation, ICD-9 644.2, 644.20, 644.21), multiple gestation (ICD-9 651, 651.0X, 651.1X, 651.2X, 651.3X, 651.4X, 651.5X, 651.6X, 651.8X, 651.9X), fetal malpresentation (ICD-9 652.X, 660.0X), and prior cesarean delivery (ICD-9 654.20, 654.21, 654.23). | Among low-risk women, researchers found a 15-fold variation in C-section rates, according to Kozhimannil. In that group -- women with normal, full-term pregnancies and no prior C-section -- the rates ranged from 2.4 percent of births to 36.6 percent. Kozhimannil said they couldn't tell from the data what reasons doctors gave for ordering the C-sections. | 32 Our final data set included 817,318 deliveries that occurred in 2009 at 593 different hospitals. 13 We identified this subset by excluding pregnancies with any of the following characteristics: preterm delivery (prior to thirty-seven weeks gestation, ICD-9 644.2, 644.20, 644.21), multiple gestation (ICD-9 651, 651.0X, 651.1X, 651.2X, 651.3X, 651.4X, 651.5X, 651.6X, 651.8X, 651.9X), fetal malpresentation (ICD-9 652.X, 660.0X), and prior cesarean delivery (ICD-9 654.20, 654.21, 654.23). Thirteen hospitals (2 percent of our sample) were missing data on bed size and were included in overall totals and plots but not in stratified estimates. | [4.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 2 | news | http://www.startribune.com/lifestyle/health/195072291.html |
10.1073/pnas.1408439111 | Medicine_337 | They found that the two methods are comparable in accuracy when checked against actual survey-based census data, but estimates from mobile phone data can provide more timely information, down to the hours. | This study demonstrates how data collected by mobile phone network operators can costeffectively provide accurate and detailed maps of population distribution over national scales and any time period while guaranteeing phone users' privacy. | During the holiday season, populations in cities dropped sharply, while tourist sites such as coastlines and Disneyland Paris boomed. They found that the two methods are comparable in accuracy when checked against actual survey-based census data, but estimates from mobile phone data can provide more timely information, down to the hours. To apply it in other countries, the team would need to adjust the model to account for diverse mobile phone usage patterns. | The global MP penetration Significance Knowing where people are is critical for accurate impact assessments and intervention planning, particularly those focused on population health, food security, climate change, conflicts, and natural disasters. This study demonstrates how data collected by mobile phone network operators can costeffectively provide accurate and detailed maps of population distribution over national scales and any time period while guaranteeing phone users' privacy. The methods outlined may be applied to estimate human population densities in lowincome countries where data on population distributions may be scarce, outdated, and unreliable, or to estimate temporal variations in population density. | [4.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 4 | news | http://news.sciencemag.org/math/2014/10/taking-census-cellphones |
10.1001/jamasurg.2018.0672 | Medicine_34 | The researchers found that the inadequate and problematic FHL groups had a global score of SwQoR that indicated poor recovery (37.4 and 22.9, respectively). | The global score of SwQoR indicated poor recovery in both inadequate (37.2) and problematic (22. | Of the 704 patients, 60.7, 31.7, and 7.7 percent reported sufficient, problematic, and inadequate FHL, respectively. The researchers found that the inadequate and problematic FHL groups had a global score of SwQoR that indicated poor recovery (37.4 and 22.9, respectively). The difference in the global score of SwQoR between inadequate and sufficient FHL (37.4 and 17.7) was statistically significant. | There were no statistical differences between the 3 groups in age, sex, type of anesthesia and surgery, or ASA classification ( Table 1) . The global score of SwQoR indicated poor recovery in both inadequate (37.2) and problematic (22. There were no differences between the groups in health care contacts ( Table 4) . | [5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0] | Medicine | train | 5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33900191633&p=1pl&v=1&x=U2NKEgQRLXmLRbYHpHEUVQ |
10.1038/s41598-018-35253-2 | Medicine_340 | Further analysis allowed them to find the exact sources of the methane--microbiological activity on the glacier bed. | Extensive potential for methanotrophic activity, as evidenced through the incubation of sediments under oxidizing conditions (see Supplementary Fig. | The highest concentrations of methane were at the point where the river emerges from beneath the glacier. Further analysis allowed them to find the exact sources of the methane--microbiological activity on the glacier bed. Researchers say that while the study only focuses on Solheimajokull and Katla, there are many other ice-covered active volcanoes that could produce methane in a similar way. | As the most enriched values exceed the geogenic range, the observed isotopic signatures cannot be explained by a mixture of biogenic and geogenic methane (Fig. Extensive potential for methanotrophic activity, as evidenced through the incubation of sediments under oxidizing conditions (see Supplementary Fig. S2 ), likely explains the isotopic fractionation trajectory away from the microbial end member signature. | [2.0, 4.0, 5.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 3.75 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37747037897&p=1pl&v=1&x=25zujygYqDoju4-7l9c6zQ |
10.1080/10635150701775111 | Medicine_341 | In all three cases, the data was limited, especially in the case of the ecological niche modeling. | We find that ecological niche modeling has considerable utility in recognizing closely related species in Phelsuma. | He admits three specimens was not a lot, but "the whole genome data of one passenger pigeon carries the information of the whole species." In all three cases, the data was limited, especially in the case of the ecological niche modeling. Yet, Chih-Ming is confident. | nov. were found inhabiting a single plant, however we never found this species associated together with other Phelsuma species at the type locality. We find that ecological niche modeling has considerable utility in recognizing closely related species in Phelsuma. In both our empirical studies, these species complexes were found to include taxa that occupied divergent niche space. | [4.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 2.6 | news | http://arstechnica.com/science/2014/06/humans-not-entirely-at-fault-for-passenger-pigeon-extinction/ |
10.1016/j.cell.2015.07.058 | Medicine_342 | In cancer cells, MRN is already so preoccupied with responding to DNA breaks in cancer cells that an engineered virus could sneak in undetected. | This raises the intriguing possibility that the assembly of virus genomes in nuclear domains is sensed through the disruption of surrounding cellular chromatin. | O'Shea says this may explain why people with conditions resulting in high levels of cellular DNA damage (e.g., cancer, chemotherapy, inflammation and aging) are more susceptible to viral infections. "Our work implies that we may be able to engineer viruses that selectively kill cancer cells." In cancer cells, MRN is already so preoccupied with responding to DNA breaks in cancer cells that an engineered virus could sneak in undetected. | (legend on next page) S1). This raises the intriguing possibility that the assembly of virus genomes in nuclear domains is sensed through the disruption of surrounding cellular chromatin. In contrast to cellular DNA breaks ( Figure 3C ) , phospho-ATM is not retained at E2A domains ( Figure 3D ) and diffuses throughout the nucleus where it phosphorylates global cellular DDR substrates. | [2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 2 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/cancers/66433-the-dna-damage-response-goes-viral-a-way-in-for-new-cancer-treatments.html |
10.1007/s10803-017-3154-9 | Medicine_346 | "Our results underscore the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with ASD that addresses behavioral, psychological and psychiatric, adaptive, sleep, and medical functioning in order to decrease behavioral crises and the utilization of inpatient psychiatric services," Righi and coauthors write in the study published in the Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. | Overall, our findings emphasize the utility of thorough assessment and treatment of mood and sleep conditions, to decrease the likelihood of requiring psychiatric hospitalization. | The strongest risk factors--disrupted sleep, having a mood disorder, and living in a home with a single caregiver--are not necessarily associated with ASD. "Our results underscore the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with ASD that addresses behavioral, psychological and psychiatric, adaptive, sleep, and medical functioning in order to decrease behavioral crises and the utilization of inpatient psychiatric services," Righi and coauthors write in the study published in the Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. By employing statistical analysis techniques, the researchers were able to isolate risk factors that were independently and significantly associated with the risk of hospitalization. | The results of the present study are in agreement with the literature linking sleep problems with an overall more severe psychiatric presentation, but also suggest that active sleep problems can be an indicator of significant behavioral crisis. Overall, our findings emphasize the utility of thorough assessment and treatment of mood and sleep conditions, to decrease the likelihood of requiring psychiatric hospitalization. There are aspects of the study design that should be considered when interpreting the findings. | [5.0, 4.0, 5.0] | Medicine | train | 4.666667 | news | http://www.futurity.org/autism-asd-hospital-1448782/ |
10.1073/pnas.1414221111 | Medicine_347 | In a mouse model of malaria, a single dose of (+)-SJ733 killed 80 percent of malaria parasites within 24 hours. | In addition, (+)-SJ733 met all other criteria for a clinical candidate, including high oral bioavailability, a high safety margin, and transmission blocking activity. | In this study, researchers determined that (+)-SJ733 uses a novel mechanism to kill the parasite by recruiting the immune system to eliminate malaria-infected red blood cells. In a mouse model of malaria, a single dose of (+)-SJ733 killed 80 percent of malaria parasites within 24 hours. After 48 hours the parasite was undetectable. | Although in vitro selection of pfatp4 mutants with (+)-SJ733 proceeded with moderate frequency, during in vivo selection of pbatp4 mutants, resistance emerged slowly and produced marginally resistant mutants with poor fitness. In addition, (+)-SJ733 met all other criteria for a clinical candidate, including high oral bioavailability, a high safety margin, and transmission blocking activity. These results demonstrate that targeting ATP4 has great potential to deliver useful drugs for malaria eradication. | [3.0, 5.0, 1.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 3 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/12/141205175027.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news%2Ftop_science+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+Science+News%29 |
10.1038/s41467-018-04906-1 | Medicine_348 | According to the research paper, the sensor developed by the team "can be integrated with all transparent forms of tactile pressure sensors and skin temperature sensors, to enable the detection of a finger pressing on the display," and at a resolution that satisfies FBI security standards. | Furthermore, the low R s of the AgNF-AgNW hybrid electrodes can drive this sensor array at 1 MHz reliably to handle typical noise from mobile devices or displays. | Getty Images
Forget fingerprint scanners tucked away on the back of your phone or beneath a home button -- your next smartphone is probably going to have a fingerprint sensor under the screen that measures your temperature, just to make sure you're a real human. According to the research paper, the sensor developed by the team "can be integrated with all transparent forms of tactile pressure sensors and skin temperature sensors, to enable the detection of a finger pressing on the display," and at a resolution that satisfies FBI security standards. Don't expect the new sensor to detect a fever through your finger just yet -- the temperature sensor is designed to detect human skin temperature to make sure you're not using a fake hand or artificial fingerprint to spoof security. | The sensing capability, in terms of capacitance variation (between a ridge and a valley) is up to 17 times better than that of an identical sensor structure using conventional ITO electrodes. Furthermore, the low R s of the AgNF-AgNW hybrid electrodes can drive this sensor array at 1 MHz reliably to handle typical noise from mobile devices or displays. The demonstration of its integration with pressure and temperature sensors, all of which had transparent and flexible forms, indicates the potential for replacement of the activation button on smartphones. | [3.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 2.333333 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34461950539&p=1pl&v=1&x=XLGqlDf_Oo7GWj0vCJKGfw |
10.1098/rspb.2018.0761 | Medicine_349 | They showed bumblebee queens were far less active and six times more likely to die during sustained exposure (37 days) to the pesticide, which could be somewhat mitigated by a shorter exposure of 17 days. | We found that queens exhibited increased mortality and dramatically reduced activity levels when exposed to imidacloprid, as well as delayed nest initiation and lower brood numbers in the nest, but partially recovered from these effects when they only received early, temporary exposure. | Led by Hollis Woodard, an assistant professor of entomology, the team found that exposure to a widely used insecticide and a poor diet negatively impacted bumblebee queens' health and work, which could have dramatic consequences on an already dwindling pollinator group. They showed bumblebee queens were far less active and six times more likely to die during sustained exposure (37 days) to the pesticide, which could be somewhat mitigated by a shorter exposure of 17 days. The surviving exposed bees also produced only a third of the eggs and a fourth of the larvae of untreated queens. | Nest initiation and survival are thus key drivers of both bumblebee pollination services and population dynamics. We found that queens exhibited increased mortality and dramatically reduced activity levels when exposed to imidacloprid, as well as delayed nest initiation and lower brood numbers in the nest, but partially recovered from these effects when they only received early, temporary exposure. The effects of pollen diet on individual queen-and colony-level responses were overshadowed by effects of the insecticide, although a monofloral pollen diet alone was sufficient to negatively impact brood production. | [4.0, 5.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 4 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/Ea2TPwN3kfM/ |
10.1016/j.cell.2015.07.058 | Medicine_35 | This provides an elegant mechanism to neutralize viral replication without jeopardizing cellular viability. | This provides an elegant mechanism to neutralize viral genomes without jeopardizing cellular viability. | MRN starts a domino effect, activating histones on surrounding chromosomes, which summons a cascade of additional proteins, resulting in a cell-wide, all-hands-on-deck alarm to help mend the DNA. This provides an elegant mechanism to neutralize viral replication without jeopardizing cellular viability. Image: Courtesy of the Salk Institute for Biological Studies
"What's interesting is that even a single break transmits a global signal through the cell, halting cell division and growth," says O'Shea. | Thus, gH2AX foci discriminate ''self'' and ''non-self'' genomes and determine whether a localized anti-viral or global ATM response is appropriate. This provides an elegant mechanism to neutralize viral genomes without jeopardizing cellular viability. In Brief gH2AX foci discriminate ''self'' and ''nonself'' genomes and determine whether a localized anti-viral or global ATM response is appropriate, providing an elegant mechanism to neutralize viral genomes without jeopardizing cellular viability. | [5.0, 5.0, 4.0, 5.0] | Medicine | train | 4.75 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/cancers/66433-the-dna-damage-response-goes-viral-a-way-in-for-new-cancer-treatments.html |
10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.2856 | Medicine_350 | They say their findings could lead to new ways to identify people at high risk for Alzheimer's. | In contrast, a smaller population-based cohort of 812 in three French cities showed substantially increased dementia risk (odds ratio 3.9, [1.5, 10.4]) in participants with glaucoma during 3 years, but only analyzed 2436 person-years, roughly 1/6 of our follow-up . | They say their findings could lead to new ways to identify people at high risk for Alzheimer's. "The main message from this study is that ophthalmologists should be more aware of the risks of developing dementia for people with these eye conditions and primary care doctors seeing patients with these eye conditions might be more careful on checking on possible dementia or memory loss," Lee explained in a university news release. Patients with age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy or glaucoma had a 40 to 50 percent greater risk of Alzheimer's disease than those without the eye conditions, the researchers said. | Similarly, a retrospective study using 5% of Medicare claims data revealed no increased AD risk in people with glaucoma (n 5 63,235) compared with propensity score-matched people without glaucoma during 14 years of follow-up (HR 0.91, [0.88, 0.93]) . In contrast, a smaller population-based cohort of 812 in three French cities showed substantially increased dementia risk (odds ratio 3.9, [1.5, 10.4]) in participants with glaucoma during 3 years, but only analyzed 2436 person-years, roughly 1/6 of our follow-up . The Rotterdam Study followed 1438 dementia-free participants aged 75 years for an average of 25 months and found increased AD risk in those with advanced AMD (HR 2.1, [1.1, 4.3] ), but this became insignificant with smoking and atherosclerosis included in the model . | [4.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 3.666667 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34792864437&p=1pl&v=1&x=POVsoSxsrI9yWH7psyoAxQ |
10.1002/cncr.30428 | Medicine_351 | Specifically, each unit increase in mastery was associated with a 16.1% reduction in the risk of patient death (95% CI, 0.771-0.913; P <.001). | When known covariates were used in multivariable models (adjusting for the patient's functional status [KPS], postsurgical treatment, type of surgery, and age), only the association between caregiver mastery and patient survival remained statistically significant. | After controlling for confounding factors, researchers found that caregiver mastery was independently associated with patient survival. Specifically, each unit increase in mastery was associated with a 16.1% reduction in the risk of patient death (95% CI, 0.771-0.913; P <.001). Further studies are needed to validate these findings. | Caregiver mastery also was found to be associated with patient survival, with a 14% reduction in the probability of dying sooner (hazard) with each unit increase in mastery (95% CI, 0.79-0.93, based on 88 cases). When known covariates were used in multivariable models (adjusting for the patient's functional status [KPS], postsurgical treatment, type of surgery, and age), only the association between caregiver mastery and patient survival remained statistically significant. Each unit increase in caregiver mastery was associated with a 16.1% decreased hazard of patient death (95% CI, 0.77-0.91, based on 88 cases). | [3.0, 2.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Medicine | train | 3 | news | http://www.oncologynurseadvisor.com/caregiver-characteristics-and-glioblastoma-multiforme-outcomes/article/569022/ |
10.1007/s13524-014-0324-7 | Medicine_352 | If you're part of a heterosexual couple and you're relocating for work, odds are it's the man's career that's driving the move. | For example, using mobility rates, found that veterinarians, head cooks, and cashiers relocate often, but intuitively these jobs would be relatively robust to spousal relocations. | If you're part of a heterosexual couple and you're relocating for work, odds are it's the man's career that's driving the move. This disparity in the geographic requirements of male- and female-heavy industry, says Benson in his study, suggests that it might be the demands of the job, rather than an inherent male bias in married couples' power dynamics, that's behind the uneven treatment. "The tendency for men to move more often than women is completely explained by the types of jobs they enter, not that they are men or women," said Benson to the Post's Dina ElBoghdady. | It is not clear from the incidence of work relocations alone whether the geography of the relocating worker was constrained. For example, using mobility rates, found that veterinarians, head cooks, and cashiers relocate often, but intuitively these jobs would be relatively robust to spousal relocations. Third, an advantage of using the clustering index is that the census does not report why individuals relocate for work. | [2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 1.75 | news | http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/why-do-families-move-mens-not-womens-careers-180953490/ |
10.1210/jc.2013-2350 | Medicine_355 | Women diagnosed with PCOS were hospitalized more often for mental health disorders such as depression, stress and anxiety than other study participants. | Of note, the left ventricular mass index was linearly related to the degree of IR . | Women who had PCOS also had a higher rate of endometrial cancer, or cancer of the lining of the uterus. Women diagnosed with PCOS were hospitalized more often for mental health disorders such as depression, stress and anxiety than other study participants. A PCOS diagnosis also was associated with a higher risk of late onset diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, asthma and musculoskeletal disorders. | Echocardiography revealed both anatomic and functional differences between women with PCOS and controls including an increased left atrial size, increased left ventricular mass index, lower left ventricular ejection fraction , and diastolic dysfunction . Of note, the left ventricular mass index was linearly related to the degree of IR . The Nurses' Health Study noted an adjusted RR of 1.53 (95% CI, 1.24 -1.90) for coronary heart disease in women with a history of irregular menstrual cycles . | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/female-reproductive/59582-women-diagnosed-with-pcos-twice-as-likely-to-be-hospitalized.html |
10.1210/jc.2013-2350 | Medicine_356 | "The Society's recommendations allow physicians to make the diagnosis if clear symptoms are present without resorting to universal hormone tests or ultrasound screening." | The relative success of two drugs that modulate estrogen action to achieve pregnancy further underscores this class of drugs as first-line treatment when compared with insulin sensitizers. | "The Society's recommendations allow physicians to make the diagnosis if clear symptoms are present without resorting to universal hormone tests or ultrasound screening." In the CPG, The Endocrine Society recommends that a diagnosis be made if adult women have two of the three cardinal features of PCOS (diagnostic criteria supported by the NIH panel):* Excess production of male hormones called androgens. Other recommendations from the CPG include:
* Because women with PCOS face an increased risk of pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes, preterm delivery and preeclampsia that can be exacerbated by obesity, women should have their body mass index, blood pressure and oral glucose tolerance assessed prior to conceiving;
* Following diagnosis, women with PCOS should be examined for skin and hair complications including excess hair growth and acne;
* Although women with PCOS have some of the same risk factors associated with the development of endometrial cancer, they should not routinely undergo ultrasound screening for endometrial thickness;
* To gauge metabolic risk, adolescents and adult women with PCOS should be screened for increased obesity using body mass index and waist circumference measurements;
* Clinicians should give adolescents and adult women with PCOS an oral glucose tolerance test to check for type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance because they are at increased risk of these conditions; and
* Initial treatment of type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance in women with PCOS should be diet and exercise, with metformin as a second-line therapy. | Although concerns about the relative teratogenicity of letrozole compared to clomiphene remain, this trial and other publications are reassuring . The relative success of two drugs that modulate estrogen action to achieve pregnancy further underscores this class of drugs as first-line treatment when compared with insulin sensitizers. Metformin may have some use as an adjuvant agent for infertility in select women with PCOS, although it is likely to be more effective in obese women than nonobese women . | [1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 1.333333 | news | http://www.newswise.com/articles/experts-clarify-conflicting-criteria-for-diagnosing-polycystic-ovary-syndrome |
10.1016/j.immuni.2019.05.007 | Medicine_357 | We may be closer than ever to ending those miserable days of vomiting, diarrhea and harsh fever after eating contaminated food or shaking the wrong person's hand. | Increased understanding of which capsid epitopes should be targeted to protect against different genotypes and of the impact of pre-exposure history on the elicitation of protective immunity after vaccination are important considerations in vaccine design and efficacy . | We may be closer than ever to ending those miserable days of vomiting, diarrhea and harsh fever after eating contaminated food or shaking the wrong person's hand. A research discovery at UNC-Chapel Hill could help tackle stomach flu. Local news has never been more important To support vital, local reporting like the coronavirus coverage, please sign up for a digital subscription to charlotteobserver.com #readlocal
Norovirus causes more than 200,000 deaths, mostly young children and elderly, around the world each year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. | One antibody recognizes a neutralizing epitope conserved across three decades of pandemic strains and neutralizes virus in vitro, demonstrating that vaccination can elicit pandemicstrain neutralizing antibody responses in some individuals. Increased understanding of which capsid epitopes should be targeted to protect against different genotypes and of the impact of pre-exposure history on the elicitation of protective immunity after vaccination are important considerations in vaccine design and efficacy . Multivalent VLP immunization broadens the breadth of blockade antibodies produced after immunization of mice and humans . | [2.0, 4.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39573303215&p=1pl&v=1&x=LZ9cWPbe63hLu_eeKZOP_g |
10.1126/science.1252496 | Medicine_358 | "The fact that the two largest fluffy particles have crystalline material-a magnesium-iron-silicate mineral called olivine-may imply that these are particles that came from the disks around other stars and were modified in the interstellar medium," said Andrew Westphal, one of the researchers, in a news release. | This value is in good agreement with the preflight estimates of Landgraf et al. | For example, the small ones are much more different than the larger ones, and may have had different histories. "The fact that the two largest fluffy particles have crystalline material-a magnesium-iron-silicate mineral called olivine-may imply that these are particles that came from the disks around other stars and were modified in the interstellar medium," said Andrew Westphal, one of the researchers, in a news release. "We seem to be getting our first glimpse of the surprising diversity of interstellar dust particles, which is impossible to explore through astronomical observations alone." | The observed impact density of nonterrestrial materials on the foils is 0.8 cm −2 , and thus the fraction of impacts of interplanetary origin is estimated to be 0.17/0.8 = 0.2. This value is in good agreement with the preflight estimates of Landgraf et al. With the conservative assumption that all of the interplanetary dust is <2 mm, this equates to 100 small particles (80 interstellar and 20 interplanetary), of which 20% should be interplanetary. | [3.0, 3.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 2.25 | news | http://www.scienceworldreport.com/articles/16631/20140815/stardust-spacecraft-captured-tiny-dust-grains-interstellar-space.htm |
10.1186/s12916-017-0986-2 | Medicine_36 | "This study highlights how common postoperative complications are among older adults undergoing elective surgery, and the importance of geriatric syndromes, including frailty, in identifying older adults who may be at risk." | Our study had a number of strengths. | "Older adults are a diverse group of patients whose risk of postoperative complications is not solely defined by their age, comorbidities or the type of surgical procedure they receive," said Dr. Watt. "This study highlights how common postoperative complications are among older adults undergoing elective surgery, and the importance of geriatric syndromes, including frailty, in identifying older adults who may be at risk." The review did not examine why frailty was associated with negative outcomes following surgery, but the authors hypothesize that frailty and not older age was associated with postoperative complications because frailty represents a patient's biological age as opposed to their chronological age. | This is a limitation that is inherent in the prognosis literature that we hope will be overcome in the future by improved quality of reporting. Our study had a number of strengths. The hypothesis-generating nature of this study allowed for the identification of prognostic factors that are potentially modifiable in the preoperative setting, which could lead to better surgical outcomes for older adults undergoing elective surgery. | [1.0, 1.0, 4.0, 1.0] | Medicine | train | 4 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/age-is-not-a-risk-factor-for-complications-after-surgery-among-older-patients/ |
10.1073/pnas.1511220112 | Medicine_360 | "The mix of ape and human features observed in A. afarensis' shoulder support the notion that, while bipedal, the species engaged in tree climbing and wielded stone tools. | Regardless, if the LCA was more Pan-like, then early hominins reevolved a Gorilla-like spine/glenoid angle, but if more Gorilla-like, then the more cranial angle in Pan is a later evolutionary event convergent on some hylobatids, perhaps due to increased arborealism relative to the ancestral African ape. | This positioning is consistent with evidence for increasingly sophisticated tool use in Australopithecus. "The mix of ape and human features observed in A. afarensis' shoulder support the notion that, while bipedal, the species engaged in tree climbing and wielded stone tools. "These changes in the shoulder, which were probably initially driven by the use of tools well back into human evolution, also made us great throwers," Roach said. | Body size is also strongly linked to social structure; thus, any reconstruction invoking a Gorilla-like body size would also have additional implications beyond the skeletal phenotype (e.g., multimale, multifemale in Pan troglodytes vs. a single male, multifemale group in Gorilla) . Regardless, if the LCA was more Pan-like, then early hominins reevolved a Gorilla-like spine/glenoid angle, but if more Gorilla-like, then the more cranial angle in Pan is a later evolutionary event convergent on some hylobatids, perhaps due to increased arborealism relative to the ancestral African ape. Absent fossil representatives of either Pan or Gorilla lineages, it is not possible to discriminate these alternatives. | [1.0, 4.0] | Medicine | train | 3 | news | http://www.technology.org/2015/09/09/shouldering-burden-evolution/ |
10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.02.007 | Medicine_363 | That report showed wide variation in staffing levels across UK ICUs, and wide variation in patients' survival chances, but was unable to show a relationship between higher numbers of staff and better patient outcomes. | They found no association between medical staffing ratios and either ICU or hospital mortality but at the highest ratio (1:15), length of stay in the ICU was significantly higher. | New modelling techniques, and a different approach to the data, have enabled the researchers to reach different conclusions from those reported by the Audit Commission in their 1999 report, 'Critical to Success'. That report showed wide variation in staffing levels across UK ICUs, and wide variation in patients' survival chances, but was unable to show a relationship between higher numbers of staff and better patient outcomes. Although the dataset is now 'old', it is the best currently available on staffing and outcomes in ICU. | However, they did not control for the number of nurses or bed occupancy, both of which might mediate the relationship between medical staff and patient outcomes. They found no association between medical staffing ratios and either ICU or hospital mortality but at the highest ratio (1:15), length of stay in the ICU was significantly higher. Although failure to rescue has previously been associated with the number of nurses, this study shows that the number of medical staff is also important. | [4.0, 3.0, 4.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Medicine | train | 3.4 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/public-health-safety/49249-low-icu-staffing-levels-affect-patient-survival.html |