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projected-44499867-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert%20Primrose%20%28surgeon%29 | Gilbert Primrose (surgeon) | Introduction | Gilbert Primrose (c.1535 -18 April 1616) was a Scottish surgeon who became Surgeon to King James VI of Scots and moved with the court to London as to on the . He was of the on three occasions. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Scottish surgeons",
"1616 deaths",
"Fellows of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh",
"Presidents of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh",
"Year of birth uncertain",
"People from Culross",
"Clan Primrose",
"Burials at Greyfriars Kirkyard"
] | wit-train-topic-003397073 |
|
projected-44499867-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert%20Primrose%20%28surgeon%29 | Gilbert Primrose (surgeon) | First name on Fellows’ Roll | Gilbert Primrose (c.1535 -18 April 1616) was a Scottish surgeon who became Surgeon to King James VI of Scots and moved with the court to London as to on the . He was of the on three occasions. | Whilst the names of the earliest members of the Incorporation appear in the Edinburgh Burgh records, the assignation of a roll number for Members and Fellows starts from 1581 when the Deacon of the Incorporation was Gilbert Primrose. His name is first in the Roll of Fellows which has continued in an uninterrupted sequence ever since. | [
"Replica_of_Gilbert_Primrose_mortar.jpg"
] | [
"First name on Fellows’ Roll"
] | [
"Scottish surgeons",
"1616 deaths",
"Fellows of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh",
"Presidents of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh",
"Year of birth uncertain",
"People from Culross",
"Clan Primrose",
"Burials at Greyfriars Kirkyard"
] | wit-train-topic-002526533 |
projected-44499867-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert%20Primrose%20%28surgeon%29 | Gilbert Primrose (surgeon) | Death | Gilbert Primrose (c.1535 -18 April 1616) was a Scottish surgeon who became Surgeon to King James VI of Scots and moved with the court to London as to on the . He was of the on three occasions. | Gilbert Primrose died in , London on 18 April 1616 and was buried in , Edinburgh where his monument still stands. His grave carries a Latin inscription translated as:To Gilbert Primrose, Chief Surgeon to James and Anne, King and Queen of Great Britain, France and Ireland. His heirs erected this monument. He lived happily 80 years. To the end of his life he was Chief Surgeon to the King, and died, adorned with testimonials of public sorrow from Prince and people, in the year of our Lord 1616 on the 8th of April.
Great Gilbert Primrose shut his mortal eyes
Full fraught with honours as with length of days
My will and life to Christ I still resign'd
Hence neither life nor death did bitter find | [
"Detail_of_inscription_on_tomb_of_Gilbert_Primrose.jpg"
] | [
"Death"
] | [
"Scottish surgeons",
"1616 deaths",
"Fellows of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh",
"Presidents of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh",
"Year of birth uncertain",
"People from Culross",
"Clan Primrose",
"Burials at Greyfriars Kirkyard"
] | wit-train-topic-000573314 |
projected-20469076-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot%20Issue%20%28EP%29 | Hot Issue (EP) | Introduction | Hot Issue is the second Korean by n boy band , released under .
Big Bang's first EP after further established the group's popularity in South Korea, with the single "" topping online charts for 8 consecutive weeks, sold over 5 million digital downloads. The group's leader, the then 20-year-old produced and wrote the lyrics for all tracks on Hot Issue. "Last Farewell" is a blend of trance hip-hop beats and pop melodies. The song also features rapping by G-Dragon and and melodic vocals from , , and . "Crazy Dog" features synthesizers and a sampling from the song "In My Fantasy." "Last Farewell" won several awards, including Song of the Month at .
The EP sold over a 120,000 copies in South Korea. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Big Bang (South Korean band) EPs",
"2007 EPs",
"YG Entertainment EPs",
"Korean-language EPs",
"Albums produced by G-Dragon"
] | wit-train-topic-004566376 |
|
projected-17331247-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jochen%20Schweizer | Jochen Schweizer | Introduction | Jochen Schweizer (born 23 June 1957) is a German . He founded the eponymous group of companies that offers, among other things, experience vouchers. Schweizer is a pioneer of and in Germany. He has worked as a stuntman in films and advertising, set several world records and appears several times in the . Schweizer also works as a motivational speaker. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1957 births",
"German performance artists",
"German stunt performers",
"Businesspeople from Heidelberg",
"Living people",
"Bungee jumpers"
] | wit-train-topic-002352962 |
|
projected-17331247-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jochen%20Schweizer | Jochen Schweizer | Entrepreneurial activities | Jochen Schweizer (born 23 June 1957) is a German . He founded the eponymous group of companies that offers, among other things, experience vouchers. Schweizer is a pioneer of and in Germany. He has worked as a stuntman in films and advertising, set several world records and appears several times in the . Schweizer also works as a motivational speaker. | In 1985, Schweizer founded the event and Kajak Sports Productions, headquartered in . This company later became the foundation for the Jochen Schweizer Group. Kajak Sports Productions produced several fun sports and action sports movies, such as "Mad Family", "Over the Edge", "Topolinaden" and "Verdon – Die Schlucht gestern und heute". In 1989 the company opened the first stationary facility in Germany, located in . It is the oldest still active jumping facility in Europe. In subsequent years the company expanded its activities to include other activities and adventures, such as the vertical catwalk show.
Schweizer's companies faced a major crisis in 2003 due to a fatal accident at the in . The company changed its business and focused on selling experiences from then on. In 2004 the company started to sell experience vouchers over the Internet. Later, they opened their own stores in Germany, with experience vouchers also sold through trading partners. Today, the Jochen Schweizer Group offers a total of 1,900 different experiences, employs 500 people and achieves an annual of 70 million euros. The company is the market leader for experience vouchers in Germany.
In addition to his position as of the Jochen Schweizer Group, Schweizer is an investor. Jochen Schweizer Ventures is involved in numerous . In 2014 and 2015 Schweizer was part of on . | [] | [
"Biography",
"Entrepreneurial activities"
] | [
"1957 births",
"German performance artists",
"German stunt performers",
"Businesspeople from Heidelberg",
"Living people",
"Bungee jumpers"
] | wit-train-topic-003809447 |
projected-20469126-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokachi%20Dam | Tokachi Dam | Introduction | Tokachi Dam is a in , . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Dams in Hokkaido",
"Dams completed in 1984"
] | wit-train-topic-004753540 |
|
projected-06902196-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas%20Highway%2088 | Arkansas Highway 88 | Introduction | Highway 88 (AR 88, Ark. 88, and Hwy. 88) is a designation for five s in . All routes are maintained by the (ArDOT). | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"National Scenic Byways",
"State highways in Arkansas",
"Transportation in Garland County, Arkansas",
"Transportation in Jefferson County, Arkansas",
"Transportation in Montgomery County, Arkansas",
"Transportation in Polk County, Arkansas",
"Transportation in Saline County, Arkansas",
"Interstate 30",
"U.S. Route 67",
"U.S. Route 70"
] | wit-train-topic-000747358 |
|
projected-06902196-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas%20Highway%2088 | Arkansas Highway 88 | Route description | Highway 88 (AR 88, Ark. 88, and Hwy. 88) is a designation for five s in . All routes are maintained by the (ArDOT). | Highway 88 begins and ends at in . It runs about 3 miles and has an intersection with the - bypass of Hot Springs along its route. | [
"AR88HotSprings.jpg"
] | [
"Hot Springs",
"Route description"
] | [
"National Scenic Byways",
"State highways in Arkansas",
"Transportation in Garland County, Arkansas",
"Transportation in Jefferson County, Arkansas",
"Transportation in Montgomery County, Arkansas",
"Transportation in Polk County, Arkansas",
"Transportation in Saline County, Arkansas",
"Interstate 30",
"U.S. Route 67",
"U.S. Route 70"
] | wit-train-topic-000626641 |
projected-17331271-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vivan%20Bhatena | Vivan Bhatena | Introduction | Vivan Bhatena (born 28 October 1978) is an Indian model and actor who appears predominantly in Hindi films. His notable films include (2016), (2017) and (2017). Vivan won title in 2001. In 2016, he was a contestant on . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1978 births",
"Living people",
"21st-century Indian male actors",
"Indian male models",
"Indian male film actors",
"Indian male television actors",
"Male actors from Mumbai",
"Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi participants"
] | wit-train-topic-004701492 |
|
projected-17331367-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hughes%20bore%20hole | Hughes bore hole | Introduction | The Hughes Borehole is an site located near the southwest central borough of in . In the 1920s, a hole was drilled in order to remove water from the myriad mines in the area. In the 1950s, the bore hole was capped, but in the 1970s, enough pressure was established to blow off the cap. As a result, an estimated volume of water in the range of 800 to 3,500 gallons per minute flows from the bore hole. It is estimated that a daily amount of 8,000 pounds of dissolved metals has flooded a area and pollutes the nearby .
Today, this devastated area has been compared with that of the and resembles an area of eerie beauty. All that remains is bare flooded and yellowish red soil periodically spotted with dead standing trees. It also contains a large amount of green iron eating algae that adds to the color of the area.
Efforts are currently underway in an attempt to mitigate the situation. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Geography of Cambria County, Pennsylvania"
] | wit-train-topic-000142466 |
|
projected-44499880-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gatimaan%20Express | Gatimaan Express | Introduction | The 12049 / 12050 Gatimaan Express is India's first that runs between and . It takes 265 minutes (around 4.5 hours) to cover the journey from to railway stations with an average speed of .
The top operating speed of the Gatimaan Express is up to 160 km/h, which makes it the fastest regularly scheduled train service in India. Trial runs of other trains have been faster, and if the rail infrastructure on routes were to be improved, it could also go as fast as the Gatiman Express. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Express trains in India",
"Rail transport in Uttar Pradesh",
"Rail transport in Delhi",
"Railway services introduced in 2016",
"Transport in Delhi",
"Named passenger trains of India"
] | wit-train-topic-004465321 |
|
projected-06902198-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s%20O%27Leary | Tomás O'Leary | Introduction | Tomás O'Leary (born 22 October 1983) is an former player who played as a . O'Leary played most of his career in the with , where he was part of the team that won the in 2006 and again in 2008. He also played in the with , and the with . Internationally, he represented , where he was a member of the team that won the 2009 Six Nations Championship and Grand Slam. Also in , he was selected for the , though injury prevented him from touring with the squad. O'Leary retired from professional rugby in July 2017. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1983 births",
"Living people",
"People educated at Christian Brothers College, Cork",
"Cork inter-county hurlers",
"Erin's Own (Cork) hurlers",
"Dual players",
"Gaelic footballers who switched code",
"Rugby union players from County Cork",
"Irish rugby union players",
"Dolphin RFC players",
"Munster Rugby players",
"London Irish players",
"Montpellier Hérault Rugby players",
"Ireland international rugby union players",
"Ireland Wolfhounds international rugby union players",
"Ireland international rugby sevens players",
"Rugby union scrum-halves"
] | wit-train-topic-001388409 |
|
projected-20469204-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vigor%20Brown | Vigor Brown | Introduction | John Vigor Brown (18 June 1854 – 2 September 1942), known as Vigor Brown, was a New Zealand for , in the . He was for a total of 18 years. He was a well-known figure in his adopted city, a successful businessman, and involved in many clubs and organisations. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1854 births",
"1942 deaths",
"New Zealand Liberal Party MPs",
"Mayors of Napier, New Zealand",
"New Zealand businesspeople",
"New Zealand people of Scottish descent",
"New Zealand rugby league administrators",
"New Zealand MPs for North Island electorates",
"Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives",
"Unsuccessful candidates in the 1931 New Zealand general election",
"Unsuccessful candidates in the 1922 New Zealand general election",
"University of Canterbury alumni",
"Napier City Councillors",
"Reform Party (New Zealand) MPs",
"English emigrants to New Zealand"
] | wit-train-topic-000941552 |
|
projected-20469204-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vigor%20Brown | Vigor Brown | Member of Parliament | John Vigor Brown (18 June 1854 – 2 September 1942), known as Vigor Brown, was a New Zealand for , in the . He was for a total of 18 years. He was a well-known figure in his adopted city, a successful businessman, and involved in many clubs and organisations. | The electorate had been held since the by . Fraser stood again in the , but although he was with the , Brown also contested the electorate as a Liberal. Brown won the contest with a majority of 1035 votes (3803 votes to 2768).
In the , Brown was challenged by . Both men were supporters of the current Liberal government. Brown and Hill received 3858 and 2825 votes, respectively.
Brown successfully contested the for the Liberal Party, but the party's leader, , failed to win re-election in the electorate. When became leader later in 1920, Brown objected and transferred his allegiance to the .
Brown served in the for fourteen years from 1908 to 1922. He contested the as the official candidate for the Reform Party and of the four candidates, he came last. The reasons for this were due to a split in the Reform vote. Prime Minister had given Brown the official party endorsement, despite the local Reform committee having already chosen as their candidate. Neither was victorious and the seat was won by .
In , Brown failed to receive Reform nomination with new party organizer ensuring it went to Mason. He later stood unsuccessfully as an independent in . | [
"Members of the Liberal Party of the 17th parliament.jpg"
] | [
"Member of Parliament"
] | [
"1854 births",
"1942 deaths",
"New Zealand Liberal Party MPs",
"Mayors of Napier, New Zealand",
"New Zealand businesspeople",
"New Zealand people of Scottish descent",
"New Zealand rugby league administrators",
"New Zealand MPs for North Island electorates",
"Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives",
"Unsuccessful candidates in the 1931 New Zealand general election",
"Unsuccessful candidates in the 1922 New Zealand general election",
"University of Canterbury alumni",
"Napier City Councillors",
"Reform Party (New Zealand) MPs",
"English emigrants to New Zealand"
] | wit-train-topic-005065406 |
projected-20469207-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bow%20Hut | Bow Hut | Introduction | The Bow Hut is an located at an elevation of on the eastern edge of the in . It is the largest, best equipped, and most accessible of the four alpine huts on the Wapta Icefield, and serves as the base for a wide variety of ski tours and mountaineering ascents to half a dozen peaks on the Wapta. It is the easiest and safest starting point for the ; and , the next hut on the traverse, can easily be reached from it in a day. It can also serve as an intermediate stop in a longer traverse which starts at the less easily accessible . The hut is maintained by the .
The hut sleeps 30 and is equipped with propane powered lamps and stovetop, and a wood stove for heating. There are two indoor toilets. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Mountain huts in Canada",
"1968 establishments in Alberta",
"Buildings and structures completed in 1968",
"Buildings and structures in Banff National Park"
] | wit-train-topic-004131427 |
|
projected-17331423-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakshmisa | Lakshmisa | Introduction | Lakshmisa (or Lakshmisha, ) was a noted writer who lived during the mid-16th or late 17th century. His most important writing, Jaimini Bharata is a version of the epic . The writing focuses on the events following the battle of between the s and s, using the ("horse sacrifice") conducted by as the topic of the epic narrative. The writing is in the shatpadi metre (hexa-metre, 6 line verse) and was inspired by the original written by sage . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"History of Karnataka",
"Kannada poets",
"People from Chikkamagaluru district",
"Kannada people",
"Indian male poets",
"Poets from Karnataka",
"16th-century Indian poets",
"17th-century Indian poets",
"17th-century male writers"
] | wit-train-topic-002862706 |
|
projected-17331423-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakshmisa | Lakshmisa | Life | Lakshmisa (or Lakshmisha, ) was a noted writer who lived during the mid-16th or late 17th century. His most important writing, Jaimini Bharata is a version of the epic . The writing focuses on the events following the battle of between the s and s, using the ("horse sacrifice") conducted by as the topic of the epic narrative. The writing is in the shatpadi metre (hexa-metre, 6 line verse) and was inspired by the original written by sage . | The place, time and religious sect that Lakshmisa belonged to has been a subject of controversy among historians. Some historians believe he was a native of Devanur in modern taluk, , state. It is claimed that his family deity was "Lakshmiramana" (a form of Hindu God ) to whom he dedicated his writing. Devanur was called by multiple names in his writing; Surapura and Girvanapura. Other historians feel Surapura is located in the erstwhile region. Some historians believe that Lakshmisa was an or a Brahmin (believer of philosophy) of the sect because the poet has invoked the names of Hindu God , his consort and son in the beginning of his writing. However, despite these invocations, he may have been a Srivaishnava (a follower of the philosophy preached by 12th century philosopher ), there being examples of other Srivaishnava poets (who wrote in Kannada) who praised the God Shiva, Parvati and Ganapati in their writings.
There is also controversy about when he wrote Jaimini Bharata. Scholars have assigned him various dates, the earliest being , but more generally mid–16th century, and late 17th century. The 16th century or earlier dating is based on similarities between Virupaksha Pandita's (1584 CE) Chennabasava Purana and Lakshmisa's work, while the 17th century dating is based on the claim that no author, Brahmin or otherwise, has referenced his writing and directly mentioned his name in any literature during the period 15th century through late 17th century. Whereas, authors who do mention Lakshmisa regularly in their writings are from the 18th century. | [
"The Kannada epics-Kumaravyasa's Mahabharata and Lakshmisha's Jaimini Bharata.JPG"
] | [
"Life"
] | [
"History of Karnataka",
"Kannada poets",
"People from Chikkamagaluru district",
"Kannada people",
"Indian male poets",
"Poets from Karnataka",
"16th-century Indian poets",
"17th-century Indian poets",
"17th-century male writers"
] | wit-train-topic-002579571 |
projected-17331423-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakshmisa | Lakshmisa | Magnum opus | Lakshmisa (or Lakshmisha, ) was a noted writer who lived during the mid-16th or late 17th century. His most important writing, Jaimini Bharata is a version of the epic . The writing focuses on the events following the battle of between the s and s, using the ("horse sacrifice") conducted by as the topic of the epic narrative. The writing is in the shatpadi metre (hexa-metre, 6 line verse) and was inspired by the original written by sage . | The Jaimini Bharata, one of the most well known stories in was written in the tradition of sage . It has remained popular through the centuries. In a writing full of and s, s and s, Lakshmisa created a human tale out of an epic, earning him the honorific "Upamalola" ("One who revels in similes and metaphors") and "Nadalola" ("Master of melody"). The writing focusses on the events following the battle when the victorious Pandavas conducted the Ashvamedha to expiate the sin of . The writing differs entirely from 's rendering of the same epic (called Karnata Bharata Kathamanjari) of c. 1430, both in metre and content. Kumara Vyasa had used the flexible bhamini shatpadi metre and followed the tradition whereas Lakshmisa used the vardhaka shatpadi metre which is well suited for figures of speech. The work has been criticised though, for failing to achieve the level of devotion towards Hindu God that Kumara Vyasa managed in the various stages of his story.
However, Lakshmisa is considered a successful story-teller with an ability to narrate the Upakhyanas (""), describe the physical beauty of a woman at length and to hold the reader with his rich Kannada diction and rhetoric. The writing has been considered an asset to the enlightened reader as well as those not so educated. Lakshmisa authored some poems reminiscent of the poetry but without the same success.
In 1852, the Wesleyan Mission Press published the Jaimini Bharata with an English translation by , a Wesleyan missionary at the Bangalore Wesleyan Canarese Mission. | [
"Jaimini Bharata, Wesleyan Mission Press, Bangalore, 1852.jpg"
] | [
"Magnum opus"
] | [
"History of Karnataka",
"Kannada poets",
"People from Chikkamagaluru district",
"Kannada people",
"Indian male poets",
"Poets from Karnataka",
"16th-century Indian poets",
"17th-century Indian poets",
"17th-century male writers"
] | wit-train-topic-000155755 |
projected-20469278-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drag%20Me%20to%20Hell | Drag Me to Hell | Cast | Drag Me to Hell is a 2009 American directed and co-written by . It stars , , , , , and . The plot, written with his older brother , focuses on a loan officer, who, because she has to prove to her boss that she can make the "hard decisions", chooses not to extend an elderly woman's mortgage. In retaliation, the woman places a on the loan officer that, after three days of escalating torment, will plunge her into the depths of to burn for eternity.
Raimi wrote Drag Me to Hell with his brother before working on the . The film premiered at the and was a box office success, grossing over $90 million worldwide. Drag Me to Hell won the award for at the 2009 and the 2010 . | The film includes s by Raimi himself as an uncredited ghost at the séance, his younger brother as a doctor, and his eldest children Emma, Henry, and Lorne in minor roles. Frequent Raimi collaborator appears as a mourner at the death feast, while fellow frequent Raimi collaborator John Paxton and Irene Roseen appear as the old couple at the diner. | [
"Drag Me to Hell ComicCon panel.jpg"
] | [
"Cast"
] | [
"2009 films",
"2009 horror films",
"2000s supernatural films",
"American ghost films",
"American supernatural horror films",
"Demons in film",
"Fictional representations of Romani people",
"Films about curses",
"American films about revenge",
"Films directed by Sam Raimi",
"Films scored by Christopher Young",
"Films set in 1969",
"Films set in 2009",
"Films set in Los Angeles",
"Films set in Pasadena, California",
"Hell in popular culture",
"Films about Romani people",
"Films with screenplays by Sam Raimi",
"2000s Spanish-language films",
"Films about spirit possession",
"Universal Pictures films",
"Films about witchcraft",
"Films shot in Los Angeles",
"2000s English-language films",
"2000s American films"
] | wit-train-topic-001647761 |
projected-23574524-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of%20Human%20Feelings | Of Human Feelings | Background | Of Human Feelings is an by American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader . It was recorded on April 25, 1979, at in New York City with his band , which featured guitarists Charlie Ellerbee and , bassist , and drummers Calvin Weston and Coleman's son . It followed the saxophonist's failed attempt to record a session earlier in March of the same year and was the first jazz album to be in the United States.
The album's music continued Coleman's approach to improvisation with Prime Time, whom he had introduced on his 1975 album . This approach emphasized natural rhythmic and emotional responses in a way that Coleman compared to a spirit of . He also drew on influences from early in his career for Of Human Feelings, which had shorter and more distinct compositions than Dancing in Your Head, while applying principles from his music during the 1960s to elements of .
Following a change in his management, Coleman signed with , and Of Human Feelings was released in 1982 by its subsidiary label . Critics generally praised the album's expressive music and harmolodic approach, but it made little commercial impact and went . Coleman enlisted his son Denardo as manager after a dispute with his former managers over the album's , a change that inspired him to perform publicly again during the 1980s. | By the end of the 1960s, Ornette Coleman had become one of the most influential musicians in after pioneering its most controversial subgenre, , which jazz critics and musicians initially derided for its deviation from conventional structures of and . In the mid-1970s, he stopped recording free jazz, recruited electric instrumentalists, and pursued a new creative theory he called . According to Coleman's theory, all the musicians are able to play individual melodies in any , and still sound coherent as a group. He taught his young sidemen this new improvisational and ensemble approach, based on their individual tendencies, and discouraged them from being influenced by conventional styles. Coleman likened this group ethic to a spirit of "" that stresses "human feelings" and "biological rhythms", and said that he wanted the music, rather than himself, to be successful. He also started to incorporate elements from other styles into his music, including influences such as the electric guitar and non-Western rhythms played by Moroccan and Nigerian musicians.
Of Human Feelings was a continuation of the harmolodics approach Coleman had applied with , an electric quartet introduced on his 1975 album . The group comprised guitarists Charlie Ellerbee and , bassist , and drummers and , Ornette Coleman's son. Tacuma was still in high school when Coleman enlisted him, and first recorded with Prime Time in 1975 for the album , which was released in 1978. Tacuma had played in an ensemble for jazz organist , but Earland dismissed him as he felt audiences gave excessive attention to his playing. Coleman found Tacuma's playing ideal for harmolodics and encouraged him not to change. Although Coleman's theory initially challenged his knowledge and perception of music, Tacuma came to like the unconventional role each band member was given as a soloist and melodist: "When we read Ornette's music we have his , but we listen for his and phrase the way he wants to. I can take the same melody, then, and phrase it like I want to, and those notes will determine the phrasing, the rhythm, the harmony – all of that." | [
"Ornette at The Forum 1982.jpg"
] | [
"Background"
] | [
"1982 albums",
"Antilles Records albums",
"Ornette Coleman albums",
"Jazz-funk albums",
"Funk albums by American artists",
"Jazz fusion albums by American artists",
"Instrumental albums",
"Albums recorded at CBS 30th Street Studio"
] | wit-train-topic-004802076 |
projected-23574524-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of%20Human%20Feelings | Of Human Feelings | Recording and production | Of Human Feelings is an by American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader . It was recorded on April 25, 1979, at in New York City with his band , which featured guitarists Charlie Ellerbee and , bassist , and drummers Calvin Weston and Coleman's son . It followed the saxophonist's failed attempt to record a session earlier in March of the same year and was the first jazz album to be in the United States.
The album's music continued Coleman's approach to improvisation with Prime Time, whom he had introduced on his 1975 album . This approach emphasized natural rhythmic and emotional responses in a way that Coleman compared to a spirit of . He also drew on influences from early in his career for Of Human Feelings, which had shorter and more distinct compositions than Dancing in Your Head, while applying principles from his music during the 1960s to elements of .
Following a change in his management, Coleman signed with , and Of Human Feelings was released in 1982 by its subsidiary label . Critics generally praised the album's expressive music and harmolodic approach, but it made little commercial impact and went . Coleman enlisted his son Denardo as manager after a dispute with his former managers over the album's , a change that inspired him to perform publicly again during the 1980s. | In March 1979, Coleman went to ' New York studio to produce an album with Prime Time by . They had mechanical problems with the studio equipment and the recording was rejected. The failed session was a project under Phrase Text, Coleman's . He wanted to set up his own record company with the same name, and chose his old friend Kunle Mwanga as his manager. In April, Mwanga arranged another session at in New York City, and Coleman recorded Of Human Feelings there on April 25; the session was originally titled Fashion Faces. Jackson did not record with the band; instead, Calvin Weston was hired in his place to play simultaneously with Denardo Coleman. They recorded all the album's songs on the first take without any equipment problems.
The album's recording session was captured using a Sony two-track , a rare item at the time. According to journalist Howard Mandel, the played by the band sounded neither very soft or loud on the album, because it had been with a middle- range and . Because of the equipment used, Coleman did not embellish the album with added effects and avoided , , and ing. According to him, Of Human Feelings was the first jazz album to be digitally recorded in the United States. | [
"Jamaaladeen Tacuma.jpg"
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"Recording and production"
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"Antilles Records albums",
"Ornette Coleman albums",
"Jazz-funk albums",
"Funk albums by American artists",
"Jazz fusion albums by American artists",
"Instrumental albums",
"Albums recorded at CBS 30th Street Studio"
] | wit-train-topic-001964372 |
projected-23574524-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of%20Human%20Feelings | Of Human Feelings | Composition and performance | Of Human Feelings is an by American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader . It was recorded on April 25, 1979, at in New York City with his band , which featured guitarists Charlie Ellerbee and , bassist , and drummers Calvin Weston and Coleman's son . It followed the saxophonist's failed attempt to record a session earlier in March of the same year and was the first jazz album to be in the United States.
The album's music continued Coleman's approach to improvisation with Prime Time, whom he had introduced on his 1975 album . This approach emphasized natural rhythmic and emotional responses in a way that Coleman compared to a spirit of . He also drew on influences from early in his career for Of Human Feelings, which had shorter and more distinct compositions than Dancing in Your Head, while applying principles from his music during the 1960s to elements of .
Following a change in his management, Coleman signed with , and Of Human Feelings was released in 1982 by its subsidiary label . Critics generally praised the album's expressive music and harmolodic approach, but it made little commercial impact and went . Coleman enlisted his son Denardo as manager after a dispute with his former managers over the album's , a change that inspired him to perform publicly again during the 1980s. | According to (2004), Of Human Feelings features , a type of music that developed at the turn of the 1970s and was characterized by intricate rhythmic patterns, a recurrent bass line, and elements. Lloyd Sachs of the wrote that, although Coleman was not viewed as a artist, the album can be described as such because of its combination of free jazz and . disagreed and felt its boisterous style had more in common with the genre and the artists of New York City's scene such as . Jazz writer Stuart Nicholson viewed it as the culmination of Coleman's musical principles that dated back to his free jazz music in 1960, but reappropriated with a funk-oriented . According to Barry McRae, "it was as if Coleman was translating the concept of the famous double quartet" from his 1961 album to what was required to perform jazz-funk.
Coleman incorporated traditional and rhythms, and other elements from the music he had played early his career. According to Mandel, the album's simple, brisk music was more comparable to a coherent R&B band than jazz fusion. Although Coleman still performed the melodies on a song, he employed two guitarists for to make each pair of guitarist and drummer responsible for either the rhythm or melody. Ellerbee provided and Nix played variations of the song's melody, while Denardo Coleman and Weston played both s and backbeats. On songs such as "Jump Street" and "Love Words", Ellerbee incorporated into his guitar playing, which gave the songs a thicker . Tacuma and Ornette Coleman's instrumental were played as the foreground to the less prominent guitars. McRae remarked that Coleman and Prime Time exchanged "directional hints" throughout the songs, as one player changed key and the others accordingly. The band made no attempt to harmonize their radically different parts while playing.
Of Human Feelings features shorter and more distinct compositions than Dancing in Your Head. "Sleep Talk", "Air Ship", and "Times Square" were originally performed by Coleman during his concerts in 1978 under the names "Dream Talking", "Meta", and "Writing in the Streets", respectively. "What Is the Name of That Song?" was titled as a sly reference to two of his older compositions, "Love Eyes" and "Forgotten Songs" (also known as "Holiday for Heroes"), whose were played concurrently and transfigured by Prime Time. The theme from "Forgotten Songs", originally from Coleman's 1972 album , was used as a . "Jump Street" is a piece, "Air Ship" comprises a six- riff, and the "Times Square" has futuristic dance themes. "Love Words" heavily uses , a central feature of harmolodics, and juxtaposes Coleman's extended solo against a dense, rhythmically complex backdrop. Nicholson observed rhythms and collective improvisation rooted in on "Love Words", and suggested that "Sleep Talk" was derived from the opening solo in 's 1913 orchestral work . The latter track is led off by Tacuma's bass playing and, according to journalist Nick Millevoi, is an ideal example of Prime Time's aesthetic and sound. | [
"Ellerbie Coleman Nix.jpg"
] | [
"Composition and performance"
] | [
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"Antilles Records albums",
"Ornette Coleman albums",
"Jazz-funk albums",
"Funk albums by American artists",
"Jazz fusion albums by American artists",
"Instrumental albums",
"Albums recorded at CBS 30th Street Studio"
] | wit-train-topic-000424262 |
projected-23574524-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of%20Human%20Feelings | Of Human Feelings | Legacy | Of Human Feelings is an by American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader . It was recorded on April 25, 1979, at in New York City with his band , which featured guitarists Charlie Ellerbee and , bassist , and drummers Calvin Weston and Coleman's son . It followed the saxophonist's failed attempt to record a session earlier in March of the same year and was the first jazz album to be in the United States.
The album's music continued Coleman's approach to improvisation with Prime Time, whom he had introduced on his 1975 album . This approach emphasized natural rhythmic and emotional responses in a way that Coleman compared to a spirit of . He also drew on influences from early in his career for Of Human Feelings, which had shorter and more distinct compositions than Dancing in Your Head, while applying principles from his music during the 1960s to elements of .
Following a change in his management, Coleman signed with , and Of Human Feelings was released in 1982 by its subsidiary label . Critics generally praised the album's expressive music and harmolodic approach, but it made little commercial impact and went . Coleman enlisted his son Denardo as manager after a dispute with his former managers over the album's , a change that inspired him to perform publicly again during the 1980s. | Coleman received $25,000 for the to Of Human Feelings but said his managers sold it for less than the recording costs and that he did not receive any of its . According to Stan Bernstein, Coleman had financial expectations that were "unrealistic in this business unless you're ". Antilles label executive Ron Goldstein felt the $25,000 Coleman received was neither a great nor a fair amount for someone in jazz. After he had gone over budget to record a follow-up album, Island did not release it nor pick up their on him, and in 1983, he left the Bernstein Agency. He chose Denardo Coleman to manage his career while overcoming his reticence of public performance, which had been rooted in his distrust of doing business with a predominantly White music industry. According to Nicholson, "the man once accused of standing on the throat of jazz was welcomed back to the touring circuits with both curiosity and affection" during the 1980s. Coleman did not record another album for six years and instead performed internationally with Prime Time.
Retrospective appraisals have been favorable to Of Human Feelings. In a 1986 article for on Coleman's work with Prime Time, said the album was still innovative and radical by the standards of other music in 1982, three years after it was recorded. Because writers and musicians had heard its in 1979, the album's mix of jazz improvisation and gritty, and funk-derived energy sounded "prophetic" when it was released, Palmer explained. "The album is clearly the progenitor of much that has sounded radically new in the ongoing fusion of punk rock, black dance rhythms, and free jazz." critic said although Coleman's compositions never achieved popularity, they succeeded within the context of an album that showcased his distinctive saxophone style, which was yet . Joshua Klein from recommended Of Human Feelings as the best album for new listeners of Coleman's harmolodics-based music, while rock critic included it in his guide for novice jazz listeners; he named it one of the few albums that helped him both become a better listener of rock music and learn how to enjoy jazz. In 2008, magazine's Martin Johnson included it in his list of canonical albums from what he felt had been New York's sceneless yet vital jazz of the previous 40 years; Of Human Feelings exuded what he described as a spirit of sophistication with elements of funk, Latin, and , all of which were encapsulated by music that retained a jazz identity. | [
"Prime Time 1985.jpg"
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"Legacy"
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"Antilles Records albums",
"Ornette Coleman albums",
"Jazz-funk albums",
"Funk albums by American artists",
"Jazz fusion albums by American artists",
"Instrumental albums",
"Albums recorded at CBS 30th Street Studio"
] | wit-train-topic-004686824 |
projected-23574542-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuri%20Bondarev | Yuri Bondarev | Introduction | Yuri Vasilyevich Bondarev (, 15 March 1924 — 29 March 2020) was a Soviet and Russian writer and screenwriter. He was best known for co-authoring the script for the serial film franchise (1968–71). | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1924 births",
"2020 deaths",
"20th-century Russian male writers",
"20th-century Russian short story writers",
"People from Orsk",
"Eleventh convocation members of the Soviet of Nationalities",
"Maxim Gorky Literature Institute alumni",
"Heroes of Socialist Labour",
"Lenin Prize winners",
"Recipients of the Medal \"For Courage\" (Russia)",
"Recipients of the Order of Friendship of Peoples",
"Recipients of the Order of Lenin",
"Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour",
"Recipients of the USSR State Prize",
"Recipients of the Vasilyev Brothers State Prize of the RSFSR",
"Russian male novelists",
"Russian male short story writers",
"Russian male writers",
"Russian non-fiction writers",
"20th-century Russian screenwriters",
"Male screenwriters",
"Socialist realism writers",
"Soviet male writers",
"Soviet military personnel of World War II",
"Soviet non-fiction writers",
"Soviet novelists",
"Soviet screenwriters",
"Soviet short story writers",
"Burials in Troyekurovskoye Cemetery"
] | wit-train-topic-004455740 |
|
projected-23574542-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuri%20Bondarev | Yuri Bondarev | Awards | Yuri Vasilyevich Bondarev (, 15 March 1924 — 29 March 2020) was a Soviet and Russian writer and screenwriter. He was best known for co-authoring the script for the serial film franchise (1968–71). | , twice
, 2nd class
, twice (14 October 1943, 21 June 1944)
Honorary Citizen of the of
Medal for Military Literature
, 1977, for his novel The Shore
State Prize of the USSR, 1983, for his novel The Choice
(1975) – a script for the movie "Hot Snow" (1972)
Gold Medal for the screenplay of The Hot Snow (1972)
Award for Literature
Award for Literature
(1972) – script for epic Liberation
National Award "Stalingrad".
Medal of the CPRF Central Committee, 90 years of the Great October Socialist Revolution.
Award CCF (1984) – a script for the film The Coast (1983)
In 1994 he refused to accept the award of from . | [
"HeroOfSocialistLabour.jpg"
] | [
"Awards"
] | [
"1924 births",
"2020 deaths",
"20th-century Russian male writers",
"20th-century Russian short story writers",
"People from Orsk",
"Eleventh convocation members of the Soviet of Nationalities",
"Maxim Gorky Literature Institute alumni",
"Heroes of Socialist Labour",
"Lenin Prize winners",
"Recipients of the Medal \"For Courage\" (Russia)",
"Recipients of the Order of Friendship of Peoples",
"Recipients of the Order of Lenin",
"Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour",
"Recipients of the USSR State Prize",
"Recipients of the Vasilyev Brothers State Prize of the RSFSR",
"Russian male novelists",
"Russian male short story writers",
"Russian male writers",
"Russian non-fiction writers",
"20th-century Russian screenwriters",
"Male screenwriters",
"Socialist realism writers",
"Soviet male writers",
"Soviet military personnel of World War II",
"Soviet non-fiction writers",
"Soviet novelists",
"Soviet screenwriters",
"Soviet short story writers",
"Burials in Troyekurovskoye Cemetery"
] | wit-train-topic-002596048 |
projected-23574550-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonstorf%20Barrows | Bonstorf Barrows | Sources | The Bonstorf Barrows () are the remains of a much larger cemetery on the in north dating to the late or . They are located east of the village of , part of the municipality of in the district of . The site comprises six, closely packed burial mounds or barrows.
The largest barrow was located originally in a field, but due to its vulnerable location it was dug out in 1973 and reconstructed nearby. Of interest are the internal stones which were found in the burial mound. The barrow was surrounded by a stone circle.
Under the earth mound was a wooden chamber, in which a man had been buried in an east–west orientation. Grave items included an earthenware jar, a , a sword and bronze dagger.
On the northern perimeter of the mound a woman was interred on a stone bed. She wore two, seven-ribbed s and a headdress made of clusters of small, sheet bronze pipes. Furthermore, a round bronze needle (Radnadel) lay on her chest. It is very likely that the woman had a personal relationship to the interred man.
The grave finds are characteristic of the old (i.e. from about 1500 to 1200 B.C.) in the . | E. L.Voss: Ein reichhaltiger Grabhügel der älteren Bronzezeit von Bonstorf, Kr. Celle 1975 S. 59-83
GDMP: Bonstorf Barrows - Relax And Be Free, ambient video, amazon 2017 | [] | [
"Sources"
] | [
"Prehistoric sites in Germany",
"Archaeological sites in Germany",
"Tumuli in Germany",
"Neolithic Germany",
"Indo-European archaeological sites",
"Bronze Age sites in Europe",
"Lüneburg Heath",
"Celle (district)",
"Bronze Age Germany",
"Archaeology of Lower Saxony"
] | wit-train-topic-000331250 |
projected-20469323-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bambouseraie%20de%20Prafrance | Bambouseraie de Prafrance | Introduction | The Bambouseraie de Prafrance (34 hectares, 84 acres) is a private specializing in s, located in , near , , , . It is open daily in the warmer months; an admission fee is charged.
The garden contains one of 's oldest collections, established in 1856 by amateur botanist Eugène Mazel (1828-1890), who had made his fortune in the , and who continued to build the collection until he encountered financial problems in 1890. Although the garden subsequently changed ownership several times, it has continued to be a showcase for bamboos, and today contains around 300 bamboo and s, as well as other plantings of Asiatic shrubs and trees, , , , a replica of a village, and some 5 km of water canals. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Gardens in Gard",
"Botanical gardens in France"
] | wit-train-topic-005221000 |
|
projected-17331514-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North%20Yorkshire%20County%20Council | North Yorkshire County Council | Introduction | North Yorkshire County Council (NYCC) is the governing the of North Yorkshire; an area composing most of in England. The council currently consists of 90 councillors. The council is currently controlled by the . The headquarters of the council is in .
In July 2021 the announced that in April 2023, the non-metropolitan county will be reorganised into a . The county council will be abolished and its functions transferred to a new authority, . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"County councils of England",
"1974 establishments in England",
"Local education authorities in England",
"Local authorities in North Yorkshire",
"Major precepting authorities in England",
"Leader and cabinet executives"
] | wit-train-topic-002372165 |
|
projected-17331524-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk%20County%20Council | Norfolk County Council | Education | Norfolk County Council is the top-tier local government authority for , . Its headquarters are based in the city of .
Below it there are 7 second-tier local government district councils: , , , , , , and . | See also
The council is in charge of all Nursery, Primary and Secondary state schools throughout Norfolk which are not academies, but not Tertiary education. There are three nursery schools, 359 primary schools, 35 secondary schools, one all-through school, one free school, one short stay school and 11 special schools.
The council provides a school finder for parents to find children a school. The primary school curriculum is set by the government, and recorded on . The secondary (high) school curriculum is set by the government, and recorded on . There are compulsory subjects which are needed to be followed in Norfolk and .
In Year 9 (sometimes Year 8), children are required to pick their options for the forecoming year. In , a student must take at least two optional choices.
In February 2013, inspectors judged that vulnerable children in the county were at risk. Shortly afterwards, the regulator expressed concern about the county's educational provision. Three years later, in August 2016, Ofsted found that Norfolk County Council had still failed to address the regulator's earlier judgements (in February and August 2013, respectively) that the council's arrangements for the protection of children and for services for looked after children were 'inadequate'. In 2017 after further inspection the rating was raised to 'requires improvement' after considerable progress in the department. | [] | [
"Education"
] | [
"Norfolk County Council",
"County councils of England",
"Local education authorities in England",
"Local authorities in Norfolk",
"Major precepting authorities in England",
"Leader and cabinet executives"
] | wit-train-topic-001312532 |
projected-17331524-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk%20County%20Council | Norfolk County Council | Conservation | Norfolk County Council is the top-tier local government authority for , . Its headquarters are based in the city of .
Below it there are 7 second-tier local government district councils: , , , , , , and . | Norfolk County Council offered grant aid for landscape conservation, submitted to the Director of Planning and Transportation.
Many historic buildings in the county are protected by the , established in 1977, which is under the guidance of the county council. Between 1995 and 2000, the Trust played a major role in restoring the site, at a cost of over £1 million. | [
"Norfolk County Council - geograph.org.uk - 611553.jpg"
] | [
"Conservation"
] | [
"Norfolk County Council",
"County councils of England",
"Local education authorities in England",
"Local authorities in Norfolk",
"Major precepting authorities in England",
"Leader and cabinet executives"
] | wit-train-topic-001030436 |
projected-44499962-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DeLuca%20Biochemistry%20Building | DeLuca Biochemistry Building | Introduction | The Hector F. DeLuca Biochemistry Building, originally known as the Agricultural Chemistry Building, is a historic structure on the campus of the . It was the site of the discovery of and , as well as the development of processing. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"University and college buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Wisconsin",
"Colonial Revival architecture in Wisconsin",
"Georgian Revival architecture in Wisconsin",
"Buildings and structures completed in 1912",
"Buildings and structures in Madison, Wisconsin",
"University of Wisconsin–Madison",
"Paul Philippe Cret buildings",
"1912 establishments in Wisconsin",
"National Register of Historic Places in Madison, Wisconsin"
] | wit-train-topic-004578113 |
|
projected-44499980-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Cole%20%28artist%29 | George Cole (artist) | Introduction | George Cole (15 January 1810 – 7 September 1883) was an English painter known for his landscapes and animal paintings.
Cole was born in to James and Elizabeth Cole. His mother died when he was 9 years old.
According to the artist's grandson, , he was apprenticed to a ship's painter in the Royal Navy dockyards at Portsmouth. He taught himself to paint pictures, at first portraits and animals; he also painted posters for Wombwell's menagerie.
In 1838 Cole's painting The Farm Yard was shown at the . When he was 30 he changed his focus to landscapes and received instruction from and started exhibiting in 1840. One anecdote has him painting the portrait of a Dutch merchant in Portsmouth. After the sitter refused to pay him, saying it was a bad likeness, Cole added wings and put the painting in a shop window with the title . The man's friends recognised him and laughed; he paid for the painting, and Cole painted out the wings.
His career has been regarded as a good example of the Victorian : in 1831 he married Eliza Vicat, of an old French family. In 1852 he moved to Fulham and in 1855 to Kensington, where he lived for the rest of his life. In the mid-1860s he purchased Coombe Lodge, a small estate in Hampshire.
By 1850 Cole had begun to concentrate on landscape, drawing on Dutch precedents for compositions such as London Road, Portsdown (1847, Portsmouth City Museum and Art Gallery). Working alongside him in the early 1850s was (1833–1893), the eldest of Cole's five children. In search of sketching grounds they visited the river valleys of the Wye, Teign, and Dart and, in 1851 or 1852, the Moselle. While the father undoubtedly instructed the son, it seems likely that the influence of Pre-Raphaelitism, absorbed more fully by the younger artist, was transmitted through his work to the father. After a temporary estrangement in 1855 the two never worked together again. George Cole's landscapes of the later 1850s are, however, less formulaic than his early works and are often a combination of rustic genre subjects with carefully observed landscape, as in Landscape and Cattle (1858, Russell-Cotes Art Gallery and Museum, Bournemouth).
In a series of richly coloured and detailed landscapes on large canvases executed during the 1860s and 1870s, Cole created an idealized version of the Hampshire moorlands and agricultural landscape; examples include Fern Carting, Harting Coombe (1873, Russell-Cotes Art Gallery and Museum, Bournemouth). Cattle continued to play an important role in his compositions, and he specialized in the depiction of river scenery with cows watering, including, for example, Windsor Castle (1876, exh. RA, 1878; Anglesey Abbey). Reassuring in their presentation of a seemingly timeless Englishness, these images were eagerly purchased by Victorian collectors.
Although he exhibited sixteen works at the Royal Academy, Cole's work formed a mainstay of the exhibitions of the Society of British Artists at Suffolk Street, where he exhibited 209 paintings from 1838 until his death in 1883. He was elected a member in 1850, became auditor in 1856, and vice-president in 1867. He was also awarded a medal for a harvesting scene in 1864 by the Society for the Encouragement of the Fine Arts. While, at his best, he was capable of sophisticated effects, the sheer volume of his production of smaller works, sold directly to dealers such as Thomas McLean and Arthur Tooth, inevitably led to a lowering of standards. His annual income rose from £842 in 1858 to £2580 in 1873.
A collector of topographical literature and an autodidact, Cole was reputed to know the works of Shakespeare by heart. Robert Chignell, the biographer of George Vicat Cole, saw the older painter as an exemplar of self-help: ‘one who began with nothing’, he had achieved success through ‘great capabilities and force of character’ (Chignell, 40). George Cole died on 7 September 1883 at his home at 1 Kensington Crescent and was buried in Kensal Green cemetery, London. Of his other children, Alfred Benjamin Cole was also an artist. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1810 births",
"1883 deaths",
"Artists from Portsmouth",
"English landscape painters",
"19th-century English painters",
"English male painters",
"Rother Valley artists",
"19th-century English male artists"
] | wit-train-topic-003233095 |
|
projected-17331607-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincolnshire%20County%20Council | Lincolnshire County Council | Introduction | Lincolnshire County Council is the that governs the of in England, less those parts governed by the unitary authorities of and . The number of councillors was reduced from 77 to 70 at the .
The council was created in 1974 under the . It succeeded the , and County Councils, and the Council. | [
"Lincolnshire County Council March 2019.svg"
] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Lincolnshire County Council",
"County councils of England",
"1974 establishments in England",
"Local education authorities in England",
"Local authorities in Lincolnshire",
"Major precepting authorities in England",
"Leader and cabinet executives"
] | wit-train-topic-000718222 |
|
projected-44500037-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suillellus%20mendax | Suillellus mendax | Introduction | Suillellus mendax is a species of fungus found in . It was originally published as a species of when it was newly described in 2013, but then transferred to the following year.
This species is morphologically very similar to the widespread , but differs in its predominantly acidophilous ecology, a mostly dull-coloured, finely felty and more narrowly ellipsoid to subfusiform spores measuring (12.4–)13.3–14.7(–15.5) × (4.5–)4.9– 5.5(–5.7) μm.
Suillellus mendax forms associations with beech (), oak () and sweet chestnut (). So far, it has been molecularly verified from , and the island of . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Suillellus",
"Fungi described in 2013",
"Fungi of Europe"
] | wit-train-topic-000604145 |
|
projected-17331655-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Styrian%20Armoury | Styrian Armoury | Introduction | The Styrian Armoury (), in the Austrian city of , is the world's largest historic and attracts visitors from all over the world. It holds approximately 32,000 pieces of weaponry, tools, suits of armour for battle and ones for parades.
Between the 15th century and the 18th century, was on the front line of almost continuous conflict with the and with rebels in Hungary. In order to defend itself it needed troops and these troops needed equipment. The Styrian Armoury results from the resulting need to store large quantities of armour and weapons, and was built from 1642 - 1645 by a ean architect called .
After about 100 years in use, Austrian empress wanted to close down the armoury, as part of her centralisation of the defence of Austria. Nevertheless, Styria petitioned for the ongoing existence of the armoury for both practical and sentimental reasons. Their petition was accepted and the Armoury was left intact, but largely decommissioned.
During , the entire contents were moved to safety in three castles in remote parts of Styria, and no losses were recorded. After the end of the war, the objects were brought back into the undamaged original building.
The armoury is situated in Graz's , a few steps from Hauptplatz at Herrengasse Nr. 16. The armoury is open six days a week, closed Mondays, throughout the year. In November, it can only be visited through guided tours. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Armories (military)",
"Buildings and structures in Graz",
"Military and war museums in Austria",
"Museums in Graz",
"Tourist attractions in Graz"
] | wit-train-topic-003479437 |
|
projected-23574608-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horsham%20Hurst%20%28electoral%20division%29 | Horsham Hurst (electoral division) | References | Horsham Hurst is an of in the and returns one member to sit on . | Election Results - West Sussex County Council | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Electoral Divisions of West Sussex"
] | wit-train-topic-004361706 |
projected-17331668-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keokuk%27s%20Reserve | Keokuk's Reserve | Introduction | Keokuk's Reserve was a parcel of land in the present-day of that was retained by the and tribes in 1832 in the aftermath of the . The tribes stayed on the reservation only until 1836 when the land was ceded to the United States, and the Native Americans were moved to a new reservation. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Black Hawk War",
"Former American Indian reservations",
"Native American history of Iowa",
"Former populated places in Iowa",
"Aboriginal title in the United States",
"1832 establishments in the United States",
"Sac and Fox"
] | wit-train-topic-004501194 |
|
projected-17331675-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/353%20North%20Clark | 353 North Clark | Introduction | 353 North Clark is a tall in , . The building began construction in 2007 and was completed in 2009. It has 45 floors with a total of of floorspace. 353 North Clark is the home of , a law firm, the , a financial services firm, , a financial services firm, and , a real estate company. In 2014, Empire, a TV series created for FOX, began filming in its lobby. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Skyscraper office buildings in Chicago",
"Office buildings completed in 2009",
"2009 establishments in Illinois",
"Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design gold certified buildings"
] | wit-train-topic-000647905 |
|
projected-20469392-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamen%20Rider%20Decade | Kamen Rider Decade | Synopsis | is the title of the first installment of the 2009 editions of the long-running of . Decade, as its title suggests, is the tenth of the Heisei Rider special anniversary Series, having begun with in 2000. Its protagonists are able to transform into not only their own unique, but also all of the previous 9 Heisei Kamen Rider phase 1 " - " (Also able to Heisei phase 2 " - " with the Neo DecaDriver in twentieth of the Heisei Rider special anniversary series "") and All Showa Kamen Rider, each of which have their own unique power that the Decade can access. It began broadcasting the week following the finale of and was featured in alongside the 2009 edition of the Series, . The series ties in with the , with Kamen Riders Decade and Diend using cards resembling those used in the game to transform and access various weapons. Inspiration for this series was very likely to have been the fact that had successfully ensured that the Kamen Rider series lasted a whole decade (2000-2009) without the show going into a period of hiatus which had always occurred since the franchise began in the 1970s. The series' English dub aired on October 20, 2012, 5:30 p.m. at Singapore's Okto Channel, Mediacorp. , the last Heisei era series of 2018-2019, acts as a spiritual sequel, where both Decade and Diend play prominent roles as re-occurring side characters who are directly involved in that series plotline. | The story follows Tsukasa Kadoya, an amnesiac photographer in the World of Natsumi. During an attack of many different Kaijin from throughout the Heisei Kamen Rider history Tsukasa becomes . He then learns that he needs to save the World of Natsumi by traveling to the nine AR worlds, meaning another rider worlds or alternate reality worlds. He begins traveling through the worlds with his friend Natsumi and her grandfather though he later begins traveling with from the World of Kuuga, Kivala from the World of Kiva, and from the World of DiEnd. While journeying through the worlds Tsukasa and his companions meet Narutaki, a man who believes Tsukasa is the destroyer of worlds. They also begin running into Dai-Shocker, an alliance of terrorist organizations from across the many worlds. Will Tsukasa and his companions save the many worlds and stop Dai-Shocker, or will Tsukasa become the prophesied destroyer of worlds?
To fit with the printing motif of the series, the main Kamen Riders of the series follow the : Decade is , Diend is , and Kuuga ((Rising) Ultimate Form) is black and yellow. In the film Episode Yellow: Treasure de End Pirates, Diend is the primary character, emphasizing the yellow accents on his DienDriver and the enhanced Kamen Rider Diend card. | [
"Blackbirdfly maskedrider decade moyashimodel.JPG"
] | [
"Synopsis"
] | [
"2009 Japanese television series debuts",
"2009 Japanese television series endings",
"Crossover tokusatsu television series",
"Kamen Rider television series",
"Television series about parallel universes",
"Fiction about amnesia"
] | wit-train-topic-004150475 |
projected-23574620-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed%20Idris%20Wase | Ahmed Idris Wase | Introduction | Ahmed Idris (known as Ahmed Idris ; born 1 June 1964) is a politician who serves as the Deputy Speaker of the 9th . He is a member of | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Living people",
"Members of the House of Representatives (Nigeria)",
"1964 births"
] | wit-train-topic-003118147 |
|
projected-23574620-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed%20Idris%20Wase | Ahmed Idris Wase | Political career | Ahmed Idris (known as Ahmed Idris ; born 1 June 1964) is a politician who serves as the Deputy Speaker of the 9th . He is a member of | Deputy House Leader of the Federal House of Representatives, 2018–2019.
Member of the Federal Government Delegation to the 89th Session of the United Nations General Assembly held in New York, United States, 2016.
Governing Council Member of the National Institute of Legislative and Democratic Studies (NILDS), 2015.
Member into the Federal House of Representatives in Nigeria, 2007-
Executive Secretary of State Pilgrims Board, Plateau State, 2005–2006
Ahmed Wase was elected into the lower Chamber of the National Assembly in 2007 and is currently serving his fourth term as a member of House of Representatives, Wase Federal Constituency. He worked in the following committees as Member House Of Representatives: Federal Character, Environment, Emergency & Disaster, Public Account, Area Council, Housing and Habitat, Capital Market, Poverty Alleviation, Petroleum (Upstream), Justice, Public Petitions and Labour, and Youth and Employment Head of Section.
He was elected Deputy speaker in , House of Representative, with 358 votes unopposed. | [] | [
"Political career"
] | [
"Living people",
"Members of the House of Representatives (Nigeria)",
"1964 births"
] | wit-train-topic-003755831 |
projected-17331755-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietro%20Lombardi%20%28wrestler%29 | Pietro Lombardi (wrestler) | Introduction | Pietro Lombardi (4 June 1922 – 5 October 2011) was a Greco-Roman wrestler from Italy. He who won a gold medal in the flyweight division at the 1948 Olympics and placed third at the world championships in 1950 and 1955. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Olympic wrestlers of Italy",
"Wrestlers at the 1948 Summer Olympics",
"Wrestlers at the 1952 Summer Olympics",
"Italian male sport wrestlers",
"Sportspeople from Bari",
"1922 births",
"2011 deaths",
"Olympic medalists in wrestling",
"Olympic gold medalists for Italy",
"World Wrestling Championships medalists",
"Medalists at the 1948 Summer Olympics"
] | wit-train-topic-001101287 |
|
projected-23574632-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andreevca | Andreevca | Introduction | Andreevca (, Andriyivka, , Andreyevka) is a commune in , . It is composed of three villages: Andreevca, Pîcalova (Пикалово, Пыкалово) and Șmalena (Шмалена). It has since 1990 been administered as a part of the breakaway (PMR). | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Communes of Transnistria",
"Rîbnița District"
] | wit-train-topic-002568708 |
|
projected-20469403-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nunobiki%20Dam | Nunobiki Dam | Introduction | Nunobiki Dam is a in , in of . It is the first concrete gravity dam in Japan. It is situated in Chuo-ku, Kobe, at the foot of the mountain stream Nunohiki and waterfall of the same name. In 2006 with the modernization of water resources and water supply, the dam was designated as important heritage site. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Dams in Hyogo Prefecture",
"Dams completed in 1900",
"Buildings of the Meiji period",
"Important Cultural Properties of Japan"
] | wit-train-topic-002261098 |
|
projected-23574660-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Fletcher%20%28rower%29 | William Fletcher (rower) | Introduction | William Alfred Littledale Fletcher, (25 August 1869 – 14 February 1919) was both a successful English and coach, and soldier.
Fletcher was born at Holly Bank, Green Lane, Wavertree, near Liverpool, the eldest son of Alfred Fletcher, a Director of the . He was educated at and . He went up to where he rowed to win the and the Thames Cup at in 1889. In he stroked the in the to end a Cambridge run of four victories. He rowed in the , and . With he won the at Henley in 1892 and 1893 and both the Pairs and the Fours at Oxford. He rowed in winning crews at Henley. He was a member of the Oxford Varsity Water Polo team and was on the Committee of
Having access to considerable private wealth, Fletcher became a rowing coach. He had learned a technique at Oxford comprising a combination of swing and slide, together with a lightning entry, and he taught it to the Cambridge crews in 1898 and 1899, which led to the creation of a magnificent Cambridge crew in 1900. He missed coaching for the 1901 Boat Race as he was serving in the South African War. On return from South Africa he coached both the Oxford varsity crew and that of his old college, Christ Church, to great success and acclaim, reaching the peak of his fame as a coach. He afterwards coached many Oxford and House crews.
Fletcher was also a big game hunter and explorer. He went hunting and exploring in Siberia, Kenya, and Tibet.
He became part of the patriotic volunteer movement at the beginning of 1900, joining the 32nd Company on 7 February 1900. The Company was raised in Lancashire by the Cavalry and The . He was appointed Lieutenant and served with the 2nd Battalion Imperial Yeomanry in South Africa. On return home he relinquished his commission and was granted the honorary rank of lieutenant in the Army from 10 July 1901. He had proved to be a very successful officer and was Mentioned in Despatches (MID) twice. First on 7 May 1901 for valuable services rendered in connection with operations, and second on 10 September 1901 for special and meritorious service in South Africa. He was made a Companion of the (DSO) on 27 September 1901.
He enlisted again on the outbreak of the Great War, joining the Reserve as a captain on 23 September 1914. He was appointed adjutant of the 6th (Rifle) Battalion on 10 November 1914; a position he held until 27 April 1915. On 6 August 1915 he was promoted temporary lieutenant-colonel and appointed commanding officer of the 2nd/6th Battalion, which was in training. It deployed to France on 14 February 1917, and he was one of the 457 casualties suffered by the battalion during the second attack of the war, at on 29 July 1917. He had recovered sufficiently to return to duty on 11 September 1917. His successful command was recognized on 1 January 1918 when, as a captain (temporary lieutenant-colonel) he was appointed brevet major for distinguished service in the field. On 2 May 1918 the French honoured his service by the award of the Légion d'honneur, Croix de Chevalier.
"On the 23rd of July [1918], to everyone's regret, Lieutenant-Colonel W A L Fletcher proceeded to England, broken in health."
He became acting chairman of the Henley Regatta, putting forward a motion which was carried unanimously, to hold a scaled-down Regatta in the following summer. However, he never saw it to fruition, dying in the from broncho-pneumonia which caught hold in his gas-weakened lungs. He is buried in a family grave in St Nicholas Church-yard Halewood. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1869 births",
"1919 deaths",
"People educated at Eton College",
"Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford",
"English male rowers",
"British Army personnel of the Second Boer War",
"British Army personnel of World War I",
"People educated at Cheam School",
"British military personnel killed in World War I",
"Deaths from the Spanish flu pandemic in England",
"Deaths from pneumonia in England",
"Deaths from bronchopneumonia"
] | wit-train-topic-002484257 |
|
projected-20469418-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R.J.%20Ritchie%20Hut | R.J. Ritchie Hut | Introduction | The R.J. Ritchie Hut (Balfour Hut) is an located at an altitude of between the southern tip of the and the northern tip of the in . The hut is at the half-way mark for the Wapta traverse and is usually used in conjunction with the other huts in this chain while attempting a cross-glacier ski trip. The hut is maintained by the .
The hut sleeps 18 in the summer and 16 in the winter. It is equipped with propane-powered lamps and stovetop.
The hut requires approximately three to five hours of glacier travel to get to from the , or six to eight hours from the . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Mountain huts in Canada",
"Buildings and structures in Banff National Park"
] | wit-train-topic-003642260 |
|
projected-17331890-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver%20kidney%20microsomal%20type%201%20antibody | Liver kidney microsomal type 1 antibody | Introduction | Liver kidney microsomal type 1 antibody is an associated with . It is one of the several subtypes of that are known. The frequent association of anti-LKM-1 antibodies and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections and the probable existence of an infectious and autoimmune form of anti-LKM-1-associated hepatitis, requiring different therapeutical strategies, necessitates the exact determination of anti-LKM-1 specificities. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Autoantibodies"
] | wit-train-topic-003872691 |
|
projected-23574709-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed%20Big%20Dipper | Lockheed Big Dipper | Introduction | The Lockheed Model 34 Big Dipper was an American two-seat monoplane, designed and built by at for research into the company's potential entry into the civil lightplane and military light utility aircraft market. Only one was built, and following its loss in an accident the program was abandoned. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Lockheed aircraft",
"1940s United States civil utility aircraft",
"Single-engined pusher aircraft",
"Mid-engined aircraft",
"Low-wing aircraft",
"Aircraft first flown in 1945"
] | wit-train-topic-001276715 |
|
projected-23574712-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swansea%20Cork%20ferry | Swansea Cork ferry | Fastnet Line (2010–2012) | The Swansea Cork ferry was a 10-hour ferry crossing that linked in with the in . The ferry route was last operated by from 2010 to 2012, although no commercial passenger sailings took place after 2011. Between 1987 and 2006 the service was operated by Swansea Cork Car Ferries Ltd. Prior to the revival of the Cork–Swansea route by Swansea Cork Car Ferries Ltd. the former Irish semi-state owned ferry company, British & Irish Steam Packet Company which became known simply as the B+I Line which had operated the route from 1969 until 1979. In 1979 the B+I Line decided to switch the Cork–Swansea service over to a Cork– service instead. Prior to B+I Line's Cork Swansea ferry, they had a previous ferry service that sailed from Cork to in South Wales. Over the years numerous ships had different departure points from Cork. Originally, the ferry came right up into Cork city centre and would have docked across from Penrose House (original Headquarter premises of The City of Cork Steam Packet Company) at Penrose Quay and in the 1970s ferries departed Cork from a new Ferry Terminal based down stream at Tivoli Docks alongside a large container terminal. From around the early 1980s onwards ferries would later depart from yet another new passenger car Ferry Terminal based at Ringaskiddy Deepwater Berth in the lower part of Cork Harbour. | After a long process of negotiation, including approval by the Finnish courts, it was announced in mid-September 2009 that the ship to run the new service, , had been purchased for Fastnet Line. She was built in 1982 and had previously served routes in the . The Julia has 10 decks with a capacity for approximately 440 cars and 30 freight vehicles, and 1,860 passengers. Passenger facilities include 300 passenger cabins, a cinema, a children's play area, restaurants and bars. MV Julia left Finland en route for Cork on 17 September 2009, calling at the for berthing trials along the way. She wintered in the Port of Cork before leaving in January 2010 for dry-docking, safety certification, and some minor modifications for compliance with Irish regulations in Swansea. The first voyage departed from Swansea to Ringaskiddy at 21:50 on Wednesday 10 March 2010.
On 3 November 2011, it was announced all services would be cancelled until April 2012, due to "higher than expected fuel prices". On 2 February 2012, it was revealed that the ferry service would be closed permanently. The owners, West Cork Tourism Co-operative Society, stated that aid rules and "red tape" prevented them relaunching the Fastnet Line service despite pledges of financial support. | [
"Julia 2008-08-15.jpg"
] | [
"Fastnet Line (2010–2012)"
] | [
"Transport in Swansea",
"Transport in Cork (city)"
] | wit-train-topic-002548261 |
projected-06902254-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christ%20Episcopal%20Church%20%28Tarrytown%2C%20New%20York%29 | Christ Episcopal Church (Tarrytown, New York) | Introduction | Christ Episcopal Church is a historic located at 43 South Broadway () in . Topped by a modest tower, the ivy-covered red brick church was built in 1837 and maintains an active congregation to the present day. The church also includes the San Marcos Mission, a -language ministry.
It was recognized as a landmark by the in 1935. In 1987 it was added to the for both its association with early American author , who served as a man, and its distinctive early architecture. It has undergone several extensive renovations since its construction, and has had two outbuildings added, but maintains its historic character. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Episcopal church buildings in New York (state)",
"Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)",
"Religious organizations established in 1836",
"Churches completed in 1837",
"19th-century Episcopal church buildings",
"U.S. Route 9",
"Tarrytown, New York",
"National Register of Historic Places in Westchester County, New York",
"Churches in Westchester County, New York",
"1836 establishments in New York (state)"
] | wit-train-topic-004951677 |
|
projected-06902254-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christ%20Episcopal%20Church%20%28Tarrytown%2C%20New%20York%29 | Christ Episcopal Church (Tarrytown, New York) | History | Christ Episcopal Church is a historic located at 43 South Broadway () in . Topped by a modest tower, the ivy-covered red brick church was built in 1837 and maintains an active congregation to the present day. The church also includes the San Marcos Mission, a -language ministry.
It was recognized as a landmark by the in 1935. In 1987 it was added to the for both its association with early American author , who served as a man, and its distinctive early architecture. It has undergone several extensive renovations since its construction, and has had two outbuildings added, but maintains its historic character. | The church was started by Nathaniel Holmes, a New York City and devout Episcopalian who retired to Tarrytown in 1835. He taught a in the old schoolhouse on Franklin Street, and soon after taking up residence persuaded Dr. William Creighton, former rector of in , to help him start a church in his new home. It was formally organized on August 8, 1836, with Holmes as senior .
from the meeting two weeks later record a resolution to build a "church of brick, 40' X 55', in the Gothic style". Six weeks later those specifications were amended to say that the church tower should be 40 feet (12 m) high and 14 feet (4 m) square, with a "plain Gothic" window, and the rear of the church square. The conscious choice of a "Gothic" style for the church preceded by several years the debut of the churches of , such as New York's . would not publish his Rural Residences, which inspired similarly Gothic board-and-batten churches throughout rural , for another year. Christ Church was thus one of the earliest American churches in that style, taking a interpretation.
The new church soon purchased the current property and by November of that year the had been laid. Local construction firm Hall & Boyce received $5,377 to complete the church. It was opened and the first services held in 1837. Creighton served with distinction as rector not only at Christ but at Zion Church in nearby . He is believed to have persuaded Irving to join the church in 1848; the author's presence at services was a frequent attraction for visitors from out of town. He served as a vestryman until his death in 1859, and also contributed the ivy which grows on the church facade, from cuttings he took at , the home of Sir . Due to the closure of his estate for many years afterwards, his pew in the church became the primary focus for visitors to Tarrytown looking to pay homage to him.
The early years saw some moderate improvements: a , , the iron fence and sidewalks on the grounds. In 1857 the first major alteration occurred when the church was lengthened and a recess chancel installed. This change, making the spatial separation between clergy and laity more pronounced, reflects the influence of the and Ecclesiology movement within , which advocated for more authentically medieval architecture in the denominations' churches. This philosophy would inform the design of Christ Church for the remainder of the century.
In 1868, three years after Creighton's death, local architect James Bird and his builder brother Seth were contracted to oversee some more major improvements as an alternative to the church, which had grown structurally unsound. They put in a new ceiling and sidewalls, added the south wing, removed the gallery and moving the organ itself to the new north transept, put in and refitted the windows for stained glass. It is believed that the decorative wall painting was added at this time as well.
The last major alteration, in 1896, focused mainly on the interior decoration. The original pine benches were replaced with oak, and the pews arranged so that they had a single center aisle rather than just the two on the sides. All the new furnishing boasted carved wooden elements such as piercings that enhanced the Gothic feel of the church. They were complemented by the stenciled walls, polychrome tile floor and hanging brass lanterns. While this primarily reflects the ascendancy of in popular design at the time, the lingering Ecclesiological influence shows in the center aisle, which puts the and chancel along a single axis.
Later work on the building aimed to restore and it. In 1931 all buildings were clean, revealing some of the brick additions, and the sanctuary restored to its original white in keeping with the then-popular trend. Finally, in 1985, all the buildings were repainted with tinted mortar to preservation standards.
It was necessary to close the church in 1995 since the bell tower had deteriorated to the point where it consulted recommended not using the main entrance. Church members also discovered it was necessary to replace the roof as well, since its three layers were decaying at different rates and the building code does not permit a fourth layer. Services were held in nearby Ackerman Hall until $500,000 could be raised to pay for the restoration and repair. | [
"Christ Episc Church Tarrytown sunny jeh.jpg"
] | [
"History"
] | [
"Episcopal church buildings in New York (state)",
"Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)",
"Religious organizations established in 1836",
"Churches completed in 1837",
"19th-century Episcopal church buildings",
"U.S. Route 9",
"Tarrytown, New York",
"National Register of Historic Places in Westchester County, New York",
"Churches in Westchester County, New York",
"1836 establishments in New York (state)"
] | wit-train-topic-004487675 |
projected-23574742-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trebujeni | Trebujeni | Economy | Trebujeni is a commune in , . It is composed of three villages: Butuceni, Morovaia and Trebujeni.
Situated at 30 km from Orhei and 60 km from Chisinau, the commune is situated on the banks of Raut river on the gorges formed by the withdrawal of the Sarmatian Sea. | The local economy is based on agriculture and tourism. Most residents are involved in farming activities, of which 98% work in a peasant households. The services sector is represented by four commercial units and four boarding houses (Casa de sub stâncă, Casa din Luncă, Casa Verde, Vila Roz). Most people belong to the Christian Orthodox Church. | [
"Orhei_Vechi,_Moldova_-_Flickr_-_Dave_Proffer_(12).jpg"
] | [
"Economy"
] | [
"Communes of Orhei District"
] | wit-train-topic-000710962 |
projected-23574793-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swansea%20Cork%20Ferries | Swansea Cork Ferries | Introduction | Swansea Cork Ferries was a company that operated a service between and () from 1987 till 2006. The company no longer offers a ferry service but provides consultancy services. Its former owners Strintzis Lines are now part of the Attica Group, and Briarstar Ltd was dissolved in 2012. The company remains in the ownership of Thomas Hunter Mc Gowan.
A Swansea–Cork ferry service was restarted by in March 2010, but services were suspended in November 2011 due to the economic situation. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Defunct shipping companies of the United Kingdom"
] | wit-train-topic-000233034 |
|
projected-17332008-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yushania%20alpina | Yushania alpina | Introduction | Oldeania alpina, the African alpine bamboo, is a of the family and the genus It can be found growing in dense but not large stands on the mountains and volcanoes surrounding the between the altitudes of 2,500 meters (8,200 feet) and 3,300 meters (11,000 feet). | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Afromontane flora",
"Bambusoideae",
"Flora of Northeast Tropical Africa",
"Flora of East Tropical Africa",
"Flora of West-Central Tropical Africa",
"Flora of South Tropical Africa",
"Plants described in 1974"
] | wit-train-topic-004520947 |
|
projected-06902340-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnew%20baronets | Agnew baronets | Agnew baronets of Great Stanhope Street, London (2 September 1895) | There have been three Agnew baronetcies.
The first was created in the . The second and third were created in the . | (1825–1910)
(1852–1941)
Sir John Stuart Agnew, 3rd Baronet (16 September 1879 – 27 August 1957). Agnew was the son of and Fanny Bolton, and was educated at and . He rose to the rank of Major in the Suffolk Yeomanry, fought in the , and was awarded the . He was also and for West Suffolk. Agnew married Kathleen White, daughter of Isaac William Hewitt White, on 14 April 1910. They had three sons: Sir John Anthony Stuart Agnew, 4th Baronet; Sir George Keith Agnew, 5th Baronet; Stephen William Agnew (1921–2001).
Sir John Anthony Stuart Agnew, 4th Baronet (1914–1993)
Sir George Keith Agnew, 5th Baronet (1918–1994)
Sir , 6th Baronet (19 December 1950 – 2011). Agnew was the son of Sir George Keith Agnew, 5th Baronet, and his wife Baroness Anne Merete Louise Schaffalitzky de Muckadell (1924–2005). He was the owner of the Rougham estates in , . Agnew was educated at , , from 1964 to 1969 and then at the , . He succeeded in the baronetcy in 1994. The Rougham estates include Rougham Airfield, where Agnew organizes a wide variety of annual fairs, rallies and events, including the Wings, Wheels & Steam Country Fair, the annual Rougham Air Display & Harvest Fair, and the East Anglian Medieval Battle & Fair. A Rougham Music Festival, of which Agnew's brother George Agnew is the Arts Director, is also held on the estate. Sir John Agnew of Rougham should not be confused with his cousin John Stuart Agnew of Rougham, farmer, a parliamentary candidate of the .
(born 18 August 1953). He was educated at and at the .
The is the present holder's cousin John Stewart Agnew (born 1949) | [
"Arms of Baronet Agnew of Gt Stanhope St.jpg"
] | [
"Agnew baronets of Great Stanhope Street, London (2 September 1895)"
] | [
"1629 establishments in Nova Scotia",
"1895 establishments in the United Kingdom",
"Baronetcies in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia",
"Baronetcies in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom"
] | wit-train-topic-004239573 |
projected-17332374-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LDRSHIP | LDRSHIP | Introduction | LDRSHIP is an for the seven basic s of the :
- bear true faith and allegiance to the U.S. Constitution, the Army, your unit and other soldiers.
- Fulfill your obligations.
- Treat people as they should be treated.
- Put the welfare of the nation, the Army, and your subordinates before your own.
- Live up to all the Army values.
- Do what’s right, legally and morally.
- Face fear, danger or adversity (physical or moral). | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"United States Army traditions"
] | wit-train-topic-003515147 |
|
projected-17332421-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr.%20Charles%20Cotton%20House | Dr. Charles Cotton House | Introduction | The Dr. Charles Cotton House is an historic house at 5 Cotton Court in . It is one of the city's oldest houses.
It is a -story wood-frame structure, five bays wide, with a large central chimney and a hipped roof. The original portion of the house was built around 1720 with large Georgian style additions in the 18th century and modifications in the nineteenth century.
Dr. Charles Cotton, a great-grandson of and surgeon aboard the , owned the house in the early 19th century and gave the house its current name. The Cotton House was taken by eminent domain by the in 1974 from the Cotton family who owned the house for 157 years. The Foundation moved the house in 1977 from its original location across the adjoining parking lot. The house was restored from 1979 to 1980. The site added to the in 1979. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island",
"Houses in Newport, Rhode Island",
"National Register of Historic Places in Newport, Rhode Island",
"Historic district contributing properties in Rhode Island"
] | wit-train-topic-003164797 |
|
projected-17332447-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department%20of%20Main%20Roads%20%28New%20South%20Wales%29 | Department of Main Roads (New South Wales) | Introduction | The Department of Main Roads (DMR) was an agency of the , responsible for planning, constructing and maintaining major road infrastructure. The DMR directly managed highways and major roads and provided funding to local councils for regional and local roads. The agency was merged with other agencies to form the in 1989. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Defunct government departments of New South Wales",
"Defunct transport organisations based in Australia",
"History of transport in New South Wales",
"1932 establishments in Australia",
"1989 disestablishments in Australia"
] | wit-train-topic-003647529 |
|
projected-17332518-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marisa%20Sannia | Marisa Sannia | Introduction | Marisa Sannia (February 15, 1947 in , , – April 14, 2008 in , , ) was an Italian singer from the island of . She started her career with success in pop music in the sixties. She later became an interpreter of songs, composer, an actress and then finally an artistic researcher. She is primarily noted for being a singer in the Sardinian language, her native tongue.
Sannia died in at the age of 61 on April 14, 2008. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1947 births",
"2008 deaths",
"People from the Province of South Sardinia",
"Music in Sardinia",
"20th-century Italian women singers",
"21st-century Italian women singers",
"Sardinian women"
] | wit-train-topic-003359031 |
|
projected-23574857-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyottoko | Hyottoko | Introduction | is a comical Japanese character, portrayed through the use of a mask. His mouth is puckered and skewed to one side. Some masks have different eye sizes between the left and right eyes. He is often wearing a scarf around his head (usually white with blue dots). There is a similar character for women called or .
The origin of the name comes from and , because the character is blowing fire with a bamboo pipe, hence the shape of the mouth. Local dialects transformed it into Hyottoko (ひょっとこ), palatalizing hio to hyo and making the /t/ geminate. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Japanese legendary creatures",
"Japanese folk art",
"Masks in Asia"
] | wit-train-topic-001632174 |
|
projected-23574857-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyottoko | Hyottoko | History | is a comical Japanese character, portrayed through the use of a mask. His mouth is puckered and skewed to one side. Some masks have different eye sizes between the left and right eyes. He is often wearing a scarf around his head (usually white with blue dots). There is a similar character for women called or .
The origin of the name comes from and , because the character is blowing fire with a bamboo pipe, hence the shape of the mouth. Local dialects transformed it into Hyottoko (ひょっとこ), palatalizing hio to hyo and making the /t/ geminate. | Hyottoko seems to have been a legendary character in Japan in the past, and is now a .
In , there is a myth about the origin of Hyottoko. In the story, there was a boy with a bizarre face who could create gold out of his belly button, so when someone died in a house, you would put the mask of this boy at the top of the fireplace to bring good fortune to the house. The name of the boy was Hyoutokusu (ヒョウトクス). This is considered one of the possible names that lend plausibility to the origin of Hyottoko.
In some parts of north eastern Japan, Hyottoko is regarded as the god of fire. There is a well known folk story in the form of music, izumoyasugibushi (出雲安来節) where a fisherman dances with a bamboo basket, having the same visual expression as the mask of Hyottoko. During this dance, a person puts five yen coins on their nose. This is similar to myth of Iwate prefecture. Izumo is the old name of Iwate prefecture and Izumo was famous for its iron industry. The dance was part of a dedication for fire and steel.
Hyottoko also appears in traditional dance (田楽). He plays the role of a clown. Dancers wearing Hyottoko masks also appear in some Japanese local festivals. One of the most famous Hyottoko dances takes place in - Hyuga Hyottoko Natsumatsuri (日向ひょっとこ夏祭り). The Hyotokko dance is believed to originate in the . | [
"Hyottoko mask (3758464958).jpg"
] | [
"History"
] | [
"Japanese legendary creatures",
"Japanese folk art",
"Masks in Asia"
] | wit-train-topic-002207345 |
projected-17332539-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20King%20Covell%20III%20House | William King Covell III House | Introduction | The William King Covell III House, originally Villa Edna but now known as the Sanford-Covell Villa Marina, is historic house at 72 Washington Street in .
The house is a -story wood-frame structure, with a mansard roof and restrained Second Empire styling. It was designed by of , and built in 1870 for as a summer residence. Its interior, in marked contrast to its exterior, is lavishly decorated with woodwork and stencilwork.
William King Covell II bought the house in 1896 and it has remained in his family until this day. It is currently owned by Anne Ramsey Cuvelier, the great granddaughter of William King Covell II, who uses it for a bed and breakfast business.
, a family friend who stood trial for murder, stayed with the Covell family after her acquittal in the summer of 1893. She stayed at the winter home of the Covell family on Farewell Street where the famous photo of her on the porch was taken. It is assumed that she also spent some time at 72 Washington Street.
The house was listed on the in 1979. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island",
"Houses in Newport, Rhode Island",
"Historic American Buildings Survey in Rhode Island",
"National Register of Historic Places in Newport, Rhode Island"
] | wit-train-topic-004771204 |
|
projected-17332544-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General%20Federation%20of%20Women%27s%20Clubs%20Headquarters | General Federation of Women's Clubs Headquarters | Introduction | The General Federation of Women's Clubs Headquarters, also known as the Miles Mansion, is a social clubhouse headquarters in Built as a private residence in 1875, it has served as the headquarters of the (GFWC) since 1922. It was declared a in 1991 for its association with the federation, which serves as an umbrella organization for women's clubs, a social movement dating to the mid-19th century. Tours of the headquarters, available by appointment, provide information about the activities of the GFWC and several historic rooms, including the 1734 entryway, the Drawing Room, the dining room, music room and the GFWC International President's office. The headquarters also features changing exhibits of art, photographs and artifacts from its collections. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"National Historic Landmarks in Washington, D.C.",
"Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.",
"Clubhouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.",
"Dupont Circle",
"Renaissance Revival architecture in Washington, D.C.",
"Historic house museums in Washington, D.C.",
"Women's museums in the United States",
"Women's club buildings",
"Women in Washington, D.C."
] | wit-train-topic-000461569 |
|
projected-44500115-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluny%20lace | Cluny lace | Introduction | Cluny lace is a style, worked as a continuous piece. It is a heavy plaited lace of geometric design, often with radiating thin, pointed wheatears (closely woven leaves). It is a style of lace. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Bobbin lace",
"Textile arts of England"
] | wit-train-topic-001845290 |
|
projected-44500185-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barometer%20Clock | Barometer Clock | Introduction | Barometer Clock (Boulle) by is a late seventeenth-century French clock created out of ebony, turtle shell, brass, gilt bronze, and enamel. The clock case is decorated on all sides and was intended as either a centerpiece or for display on a mantel in front of a mirror. The centerpiece of the clock is a relief of "Father Time Carrying Off Truth."
This late seventeenth-century clock also functions as a barometer; the "two doors on the rear of the clock open to reveal a glass tube containing mercury and a float to which thread is attached." The semicircular barometer dial indicates five weather conditions from one extreme, beaucoup de pluye (rainy), to the other, beau fixe (fine).
Boulle, who gave his name to the type of veneering on this clock, is listed in the French Archives Nationales as a cabinet maker, maker of marquetry, and gilder and chaser of bronzes.
The clock movement design is by either Isaac Thuret or his son Jacques Thuret. The dial and backplate of the movement are both signed "I. Thuret...", the character I and J being interchangeable during the period. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Objects of the Frick Collection",
"Clocks in the United States"
] | wit-train-topic-000884472 |
|
projected-17332795-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3bert%20Ilosfalvy | Róbert Ilosfalvy | Introduction | Róbert Ilosfalvy (June 18, 1927 – January 6, 2009) was a Hungarian operatic ; he possessed a voice of lyric grace and dramatic power enabling him to sing a wide range of roles in the , , and repertories. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1927 births",
"2009 deaths",
"Hungarian operatic tenors",
"20th-century Hungarian male opera singers",
"People from Hódmezővásárhely"
] | wit-train-topic-001896836 |
|
projected-23574984-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch%20pacification%20campaign%20on%20Formosa | Dutch pacification campaign on Formosa | Background | The Dutch pacification campaign on Formosa was a series of military actions and diplomatic moves undertaken in 1635 and 1636 by (VOC) in () aimed at subduing hostile villages in the southwestern region of the island. Prior to the campaign the Dutch had been in Formosa for eleven years, but did not control much of the island beyond their principal fortress at (present-day , ), and an alliance with the town of . The other villages in the area conducted numerous attacks on the Dutch and their allies, with the chief belligerents being the village of , who in 1629 ambushed and slaughtered a group of sixty Dutch soldiers.
After receiving reinforcements from the colonial headquarters at , the Dutch launched an attack in 1635 and were able to crush opposition and bring the area around present-day Tainan fully under their control. After seeing Mattau and , the most powerful villages in the area, were overpowered by Dutch force overwhelmingly, many other villages in the surrounding area came to the Dutch to seek peace and surrender sovereignty. Thus the Dutch were able to dramatically expand the extent of their territorial control in a short time, and avoid the need for further fighting. The campaign ended in February 1636, when representatives from twenty-eight villages attended a ceremony in Tayouan to cement Dutch sovereignty.
Solidifying the southwest under their rule, the Dutch were able to expand their operations from the limited entrepôt trading carried out by the colony prior to 1635. The expanded territory allowed access to the deer trade, which later became very lucrative, and guaranteed security in food supplies. The new territorial acquisitions provided fertile land, which the Dutch began to import mass Chinese labours to farm. The aboriginal villages also provided warriors to aid the Dutch in times of trouble, notably in the of 1636, the and the in 1652. The allied villages also provided opportunities for Dutch missionaries to spread their faith. The pacification campaign is considered the foundation stone on which the later success of the colony was built. | The (VOC) arrived in southern Formosa in 1624 and, after building their stronghold of on the peninsula of Tayouan, began to sound out local villages as to the possibility of forming alliances. Although initially the intention was to run the colony solely as an (a trading port), the Dutch later decided that they needed control over the hinterland to provide some security. Additionally, a large percentage of supplies for the Dutch colonists had to be shipped from Batavia at great expense and irregular intervals, and the government of the fledgling colony was keen to source foodstuffs and other supplies locally. The Company decided to ally with the closest village, the relatively small , who were able to supply them firewood, venison and fish. However, relations with the other villages were not so friendly. The aboriginal settlements of the area were involved in more or less constant low-level warfare with each other (head-hunting raids and looting of property), and an alliance with Sinkan put the Dutch at odds with the foes of that village. In 1625 the Dutch bought a piece of land from the Sinkaners for the sum of fifteen cangans (a kind of cloth), where they then built the town of for Dutch and Chinese merchants.
Initially other villages in the area, chiefly , and , also professed their desire to live in peace with the Dutch. The villages saw that it was in their interest to maintain good relations with the newcomers, but this belief was weakened by a series of incidents between 1625 and 1629. The earliest of these was a Dutch attack on Chinese pirates in the bay of Wancan, not far from Mattau, in 1625. The pirates were able to drive off the Dutch soldiers, causing the Dutch to lose face among the Formosan villages. Encouraged by this Dutch failure, warriors from Mattau raided Sinkan, believing the Dutch too weak to defend their Formosan friends. At this point, the Dutch returned to Wancan and this time were able to rout the pirates, restoring their reputation. Mattau was then forced by the colonials to return the property stolen from Sinkan and make reparations in the form of two pigs. The peace was short-lived, however, because in November 1626 the villagers of Sinkan attacked Mattau and Bakloan, before going to the Dutch to ask for protection from retribution. Although the Dutch were able to force Sinkan's enemies to back down in this case, in later incidents they proved incapable of fully protecting their Formosan allies.
Frustrated by the inability of the Dutch to protect them, the Sinkan villagers turned to ese traders, who were not on friendly terms with the VOC. In 1627 a delegation from the village visited Japan in order to ask for Japanese protection and to offer sovereignty to the Japanese . The Shōgun refused them an audience, but on their return to Formosa the Sinkan villagers, along with their erstwhile foes from Mattau, Bakloan and Soulang, went to to demand that the company pay an annual tribute to the villages for operating on their land. The Governor refused. Soon after, the Japanese isolationist policy of removed Japanese support for the Formosans, leaving Sinkan once more at the mercy of its rivals, prompting to write that "this village Sinkan has been until now under Dutch protection, and without this protection it would not stand for even a month." In 1629 however the Dutch were unable to defend either themselves or their allies. Governor Nuyts went to Mattau on an official (friendly) visit with a guard of sixty musketeers, who were fêted on their arrival. After leaving the village the next morning, the musketeers were ambushed while crossing a stream and slaughtered to a man, by warriors of both Mattau and Soulang. The Governor had a lucky escape as he had returned to Fort Zeelandia the previous evening.
Shortly after the massacre Governor Nuyts was recalled by the VOC governor-general in Batavia for various offences, including responsibility for the souring of relations with the Japanese. replaced Nuyts as governor, and immediately wanted to attack the ringleaders in Mattau, but the village was judged too strong to assault directly. Therefore, the Dutch moved against the weaker Bakloan, who they believed sheltered proponents of the massacre, setting out on 23 November 1629, and returning later that day "having killed many people and burned most of the village." The Bakloan villagers sued for peace, and Mattau too signed a nine-month peace accord with the company. However, in the years that followed, the Mattau, Bakloan and Soulang villagers continued a concerted campaign to harass employees of the company, particularly those who were rebuilding structures destroyed by the Mattauers in Sakam. The situation showed no signs of improvement for the Dutch, until relations between Mattau and Soulang soured in late 1633 and early 1634. The two villages went to war in May 1634, and although Mattau won the fight, the company was happy to see divisions among the villages which it felt it could exploit. | [
"Zeelandia-environs.png"
] | [
"Background"
] | [
"Dutch Formosa",
"1630s conflicts",
"1635 in Taiwan",
"1636 in Taiwan",
"1630s in Dutch Formosa",
"17th century in Taiwan",
"Military history of the Dutch East India Company",
"Military history of Taiwan"
] | wit-train-topic-004263204 |
projected-23574984-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch%20pacification%20campaign%20on%20Formosa | Dutch pacification campaign on Formosa | Dutch retaliation | The Dutch pacification campaign on Formosa was a series of military actions and diplomatic moves undertaken in 1635 and 1636 by (VOC) in () aimed at subduing hostile villages in the southwestern region of the island. Prior to the campaign the Dutch had been in Formosa for eleven years, but did not control much of the island beyond their principal fortress at (present-day , ), and an alliance with the town of . The other villages in the area conducted numerous attacks on the Dutch and their allies, with the chief belligerents being the village of , who in 1629 ambushed and slaughtered a group of sixty Dutch soldiers.
After receiving reinforcements from the colonial headquarters at , the Dutch launched an attack in 1635 and were able to crush opposition and bring the area around present-day Tainan fully under their control. After seeing Mattau and , the most powerful villages in the area, were overpowered by Dutch force overwhelmingly, many other villages in the surrounding area came to the Dutch to seek peace and surrender sovereignty. Thus the Dutch were able to dramatically expand the extent of their territorial control in a short time, and avoid the need for further fighting. The campaign ended in February 1636, when representatives from twenty-eight villages attended a ceremony in Tayouan to cement Dutch sovereignty.
Solidifying the southwest under their rule, the Dutch were able to expand their operations from the limited entrepôt trading carried out by the colony prior to 1635. The expanded territory allowed access to the deer trade, which later became very lucrative, and guaranteed security in food supplies. The new territorial acquisitions provided fertile land, which the Dutch began to import mass Chinese labours to farm. The aboriginal villages also provided warriors to aid the Dutch in times of trouble, notably in the of 1636, the and the in 1652. The allied villages also provided opportunities for Dutch missionaries to spread their faith. The pacification campaign is considered the foundation stone on which the later success of the colony was built. | Although both Governor Nuyts and subsequently Governor Putmans wanted to move against Mattau, the garrison at numbered only 400, of which 210 were soldiers – not enough to undertake a major campaign without leaving the Dutch fortress guard under-strength. After persistent unheeded requests from the two governors, in 1635 Batavia finally sent a force of 475 soldiers to Taiwan, to "avenge the murder of the expeditionary force against Mattau in 1629, to increase the prestige of the Company, and to obtain the respect and authority, necessary for the protection of the Chinese who had come all the way from China, to cultivate the land."
By this stage, relations with the other villages had also deteriorated to the extent that even Sinkan, previously thought to be tightly bound to the Dutch, was plotting rebellion. The missionary , who lived among the natives, wrote that "rebels in Sinkan have conspired against our state . . . and [are planning] to murder and beat to death the missionaries and soldiers in Sinkan." The governor in Tayouan moved quickly to quell the uprising, sending eighty soldiers to the village and arresting some of the key conspirators. With potential disaster averted in Sinkan, the Dutch were further encouraged by the news that Mattau and Soulang, their principal enemies, were being ravaged by , whereas Sinkan, now back under Dutch control, was spared the disease – this being viewed as a divine sign that the Dutch were righteous.
On 22 November 1635, the newly arrived forces set out for Bakloan, headed by Governor Putmans. Junius joined him with a group of native warriors from Sinkan, who had been persuaded to take part by the clergyman in order to further good relations between themselves and the VOC. The plan was initially to rest there for the night, before attacking Mattau the next morning, but the Dutch forces received word that the Mattau villagers had learned of their approach and planned to flee. They therefore decided to press on and attack that evening, succeeding in surprising the Mattau warriors and subduing the village without a fight. The Dutch summarily executed 26 men of the village, before setting fire to the houses and returning to Bakloan.
On the way back to Fort Zeelandia, the troops stopped in Bakloan, Sinkan and Sakam, at each step warning the chiefs of the village of the price of angering the VOC, and obtaining guarantees of friendly conduct in the future. The village of Soulang sent two representatives to the Dutch while they were resting in Sinkan, offering a spear and a hatchet as a symbol that they would ally their forces to the Dutch. Also present with offers of friendship were men from (modern-day ), a collection of three villages in the hills previously outside Dutch influence. Finally two chiefs from Mattau arrived, ing to the Dutch officials and wishing to sue for peace.
The aborigines signalled their surrender by sending a few of their best weapons to the Dutch, and then by bringing a small tree (often ) planted in earth from their village as a token of the granting of sovereignty to the VOC. Over the next few months as word of the Dutch victory spread, more and more villages came to pay their respects at Fort Zeelandia and assure the VOC of their friendly intentions. However, the new masters of Mattau also inherited their enemies, with both and expressing hostility towards the VOC in the wake of their victory.
After the victory over Mattau the governor decided to make use of the soldiers to cow other recalcitrant villages, starting with Taccariang, who had previously killed both VOC employees and Sinkan villagers. The villagers first fought with the Sinkanders who were acting as a vanguard, but on receiving a volley from the Dutch eers the Taccariang warriors turned and fled. The VOC forces entered the village unopposed, and burnt it to the ground. From Taccariang they moved on to Soulang, where they arrested warriors who had participated in the 1629 massacre of sixty Dutch soldiers and torched their houses. The last stop on the campaign trail was Tevorang, which had previously sheltered wanted men from other villages. This time the governor decided to use diplomacy, offering gifts and assurances of friendship, with the consequences of resistance left implicit. The Tevorangans took the hint, and offered no opposition to Dutch rule. | [
"Robert Junius.jpg"
] | [
"Dutch retaliation"
] | [
"Dutch Formosa",
"1630s conflicts",
"1635 in Taiwan",
"1636 in Taiwan",
"1630s in Dutch Formosa",
"17th century in Taiwan",
"Military history of the Dutch East India Company",
"Military history of Taiwan"
] | wit-train-topic-002457004 |
projected-23574984-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch%20pacification%20campaign%20on%20Formosa | Dutch pacification campaign on Formosa | Pax Hollandica | The Dutch pacification campaign on Formosa was a series of military actions and diplomatic moves undertaken in 1635 and 1636 by (VOC) in () aimed at subduing hostile villages in the southwestern region of the island. Prior to the campaign the Dutch had been in Formosa for eleven years, but did not control much of the island beyond their principal fortress at (present-day , ), and an alliance with the town of . The other villages in the area conducted numerous attacks on the Dutch and their allies, with the chief belligerents being the village of , who in 1629 ambushed and slaughtered a group of sixty Dutch soldiers.
After receiving reinforcements from the colonial headquarters at , the Dutch launched an attack in 1635 and were able to crush opposition and bring the area around present-day Tainan fully under their control. After seeing Mattau and , the most powerful villages in the area, were overpowered by Dutch force overwhelmingly, many other villages in the surrounding area came to the Dutch to seek peace and surrender sovereignty. Thus the Dutch were able to dramatically expand the extent of their territorial control in a short time, and avoid the need for further fighting. The campaign ended in February 1636, when representatives from twenty-eight villages attended a ceremony in Tayouan to cement Dutch sovereignty.
Solidifying the southwest under their rule, the Dutch were able to expand their operations from the limited entrepôt trading carried out by the colony prior to 1635. The expanded territory allowed access to the deer trade, which later became very lucrative, and guaranteed security in food supplies. The new territorial acquisitions provided fertile land, which the Dutch began to import mass Chinese labours to farm. The aboriginal villages also provided warriors to aid the Dutch in times of trouble, notably in the of 1636, the and the in 1652. The allied villages also provided opportunities for Dutch missionaries to spread their faith. The pacification campaign is considered the foundation stone on which the later success of the colony was built. | On hearing of the Dutch show of force, aboriginal tribes from further afield decided to submit to Dutch rule, either through fear of Dutch military might or hope that such an alliance would prove beneficial to the tribe. Representatives came from Pangsoia (Pangsoya; modern-day ), 100 km to the south, to ally themselves with the VOC. The Dutch decided to hold a (a grand convention) to welcome all the villages into the fold and impress them with Dutch largesse and power. This duly took place on 22 February 1636, with 28 villages represented from southern and central Formosa. The governor presented the attendees with robes and staffs of state to symbolise their position, and Robert Junius wrote that "it was delightful to see the friendliness of these people when they met for the first time, to notice how they kissed each other and gazed at one another. Such a thing had never before been witnessed in this country, as one tribe was nearly always waging war against another."
The net effect of the Dutch campaign was a pax Hollandica (Dutch peace), assuring VOC control in the southwest of the island. The Dutch called their new area of control the Verenigde Dorpen (United Villages), a deliberate allusion to the of their homeland. The campaign was vital to the success and growth of the Dutch colony, which had operated as more of a trading post than a true colony until that point. | [
"Landdag.jpg"
] | [
"Pax Hollandica"
] | [
"Dutch Formosa",
"1630s conflicts",
"1635 in Taiwan",
"1636 in Taiwan",
"1630s in Dutch Formosa",
"17th century in Taiwan",
"Military history of the Dutch East India Company",
"Military history of Taiwan"
] | wit-train-topic-000996367 |
projected-23574992-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public%20image%20of%20Rudy%20Giuliani | Public image of Rudy Giuliani | Introduction | from 1994 to 2001, and a candidate for in , was both glorified and criticized in the public sphere for his past actions. Many credited him with reducing crime and improving the city's economy and lauded his leadership during the and his coordination of the emergency response in the immediate aftermath. Others disapproved of his policies and as Mayor and candidate and criticized the perceived glorification of his role in the aftermath of 9/11 during the 2008 campaign.
Poll numbers throughout 2007 suggested that Giuliani was the front-runner among other Republican candidates for the party's . Although the status fell with his looming exit from the race, Giuliani continued to be perceived as strong on . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Rudy Giuliani",
"Public image of American politicians"
] | wit-train-topic-000114939 |
|
projected-44500189-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe%20Geller | Joe Geller | Introduction | Joseph Scott Geller (born March 7, 1954) is a politician who currently serves as a member of the , representing the 100th District, which includes most of in southern and parts of , since 2014. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Florida State University College of Law alumni",
"Florida Democrats",
"Members of the Florida House of Representatives",
"1954 births",
"Living people",
"21st-century American politicians"
] | wit-train-topic-002071444 |
|
projected-44500220-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock%20River%20Times | Rock River Times | Introduction | The Rock River Times is an independently owned alternative based in having a circulation of around 17,000 free newspapers.
The weekly newspaper, distributed every Wednesday, has been in publication since 1987. Daily headlines are offered on the paper's website. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Newspapers published in Illinois",
"Rockford, Illinois",
"Companies based in Winnebago County, Illinois",
"Newspapers established in 1987"
] | wit-train-topic-000547622 |
|
projected-17332845-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2590%20Mour%C3%A3o | 2590 Mourão | Introduction | 2590 Mourão (: ) is a bright from the inner regions of the , approximately in diameter. It was discovered on 22 May 1980, by Belgian astronomer at 's in northern Chile. The has a of 15.6 hours. It was named after Brazilian astronomer . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Vesta asteroids",
"Flora asteroids",
"Discoveries by Henri Debehogne",
"Minor planets named for people",
"Named minor planets",
"V-type asteroids",
"Astronomical objects discovered in 1980"
] | wit-train-topic-000525621 |
|
projected-06902515-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigtrygg%20Runestones | Sigtrygg Runestones | Introduction | The two Sigtrygg Runestones, designated as DR 2 and DR 4 in the catalog, are two of the that were found in , , which during the was part of . The s were raised after the Danish king by his mother Ásfriðr. Together with the account of , the two inscriptions constitute evidence for the on the Danish throne.
The stones are dated as being carved after 934 C.E. as the historian recorded that King , who is mentioned in both inscriptions, was forced to pay a tribute to the German king in that year. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"10th-century inscriptions",
"1797 archaeological discoveries",
"1887 archaeological discoveries",
"Runestones in memory of Viking warriors",
"Runestones in Germany"
] | wit-train-topic-002002389 |
|
projected-23575032-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual%20violence%20in%20the%20Democratic%20Republic%20of%20the%20Congo | Sexual violence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo | Introduction | The , and the east of the country in particular, has been described as the "Rape Capital of the World," and the prevalence and intensity of all forms of has been described as the worst in the world. defines sexual violence as "an act of a sexual nature by force, or by threat of force or ," and rape as "a form of sexual violence during which the body of a person is invaded, resulting in penetration, however slight, of any part of the body of the victim, with a , or of the anal or genital opening of the victim with any object or other part of the body."
The Democratic Republic of the Congo has had a long history of unrest and instability. Although sexual violence has always occurred in the DRC in some capacity, increased rates of sexual violence coincided with the armed conflicts of the early 1990s and later.
Much of the research conducted about sexual violence in the DRC has focused on violence against and rape of women as related to these armed conflict, mostly occurring in the eastern region of the country. The eastern region of the DRC has the highest rates of sexual violence, and much of it is perpetrated by armed militia groups. However, other studies have begun to show that sexual violence is pervasive in all parts of the DRC and that it is not always related to the conflict.
While there is extensive evidence of the societal and individual ramifications caused by the sexual violence in the country, the government has been criticized for not doing enough to stop it. Although Congolese law criminalizes many forms of sexual violence, these laws are not always enforced. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Sexual violence by country",
"Sexual violence in Africa",
"Sexuality in the Democratic Republic of the Congo",
"Violence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo",
"Human rights abuses in the Democratic Republic of the Congo",
"Rape in the Democratic Republic of the Congo",
"Violence against women in Africa",
"Sex crimes",
"Sexual violence",
"International law"
] | wit-train-topic-002228446 |
|
projected-23575032-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual%20violence%20in%20the%20Democratic%20Republic%20of%20the%20Congo | Sexual violence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo | Violence against children | The , and the east of the country in particular, has been described as the "Rape Capital of the World," and the prevalence and intensity of all forms of has been described as the worst in the world. defines sexual violence as "an act of a sexual nature by force, or by threat of force or ," and rape as "a form of sexual violence during which the body of a person is invaded, resulting in penetration, however slight, of any part of the body of the victim, with a , or of the anal or genital opening of the victim with any object or other part of the body."
The Democratic Republic of the Congo has had a long history of unrest and instability. Although sexual violence has always occurred in the DRC in some capacity, increased rates of sexual violence coincided with the armed conflicts of the early 1990s and later.
Much of the research conducted about sexual violence in the DRC has focused on violence against and rape of women as related to these armed conflict, mostly occurring in the eastern region of the country. The eastern region of the DRC has the highest rates of sexual violence, and much of it is perpetrated by armed militia groups. However, other studies have begun to show that sexual violence is pervasive in all parts of the DRC and that it is not always related to the conflict.
While there is extensive evidence of the societal and individual ramifications caused by the sexual violence in the country, the government has been criticized for not doing enough to stop it. Although Congolese law criminalizes many forms of sexual violence, these laws are not always enforced. | reported that over 65% of victims during the past 15 years were children. The majority of this percentage was adolescent girls and roughly 10% of child victims are said to be under 10 years old. Many , after being recruited from refugee camps, are often sexually abused.
Rape of girls and gender-based violence of minors is widespread in the eastern Congo. | [
"DRC- Child Soldiers.jpg"
] | [
"Forms of sexual violence",
"Violence against children"
] | [
"Sexual violence by country",
"Sexual violence in Africa",
"Sexuality in the Democratic Republic of the Congo",
"Violence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo",
"Human rights abuses in the Democratic Republic of the Congo",
"Rape in the Democratic Republic of the Congo",
"Violence against women in Africa",
"Sex crimes",
"Sexual violence",
"International law"
] | wit-train-topic-004034357 |
projected-06902531-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central%20Lee%20High%20School | Central Lee High School | Introduction | Central Lee High School is a rural located in , , in . It is part of the . Central Lee's mascots are the Hawks and Lady Hawks.
Central Lee High School draws students from the towns of: , , and Donnellson, Iowa. Others also come from . Central Lee allows its students to participate in many activities such as the athletics listed below, cheerleading, and dance.
Central Lee also has musical programs to participate in such as choir, show choir, show band, band, jazz band, and marching band. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Public high schools in Iowa",
"Schools in Lee County, Iowa"
] | wit-train-topic-000630131 |
|
projected-06902532-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount%20Massive%20Wilderness | Mount Massive Wilderness | Introduction | The Mount Massive Wilderness is a federally designated in the , located in the of . It is operated jointly by the and the as part of the and the . It is in size, with in San Isabel National Forest and in Leadville National Fish Hatchery, and it was designated by the in 1980. The name comes from , the second highest peak in Colorado, located inside the wilderness. Elevations in the wilderness range from to . It is the only federally designated wilderness area within the .
On the west side, the separates the Mount Massive Wilderness from the
, part of the .
Trailheads accessing the wilderness are:
Hagerman Pass Road – The Colorado Trail, Native Lake and Windsor Lake Trailhead
US Fish Hatchery – The Rock Creek Trailhead
Halfmoon Creek Trailhead – Mt. Elbert/Mt. Massive Trailhead and the North Halfmoon Lake Trailhead | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Protected areas of Lake County, Colorado",
"Wilderness areas of Colorado",
"Protected areas established in 1980",
"San Isabel National Forest"
] | wit-train-topic-003741759 |
|
projected-17332858-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigel%20Shadbolt | Nigel Shadbolt | Introduction | Sir Nigel Richard Shadbolt (born 9 April 1956) is Principal of , and Professorial in the . He is Chairman of the which he co-founded with . He is also a Visiting Professor in the at the . Shadbolt is an interdisciplinary researcher, policy expert and commentator. His research focuses on understanding how intelligent behaviour is embodied and emerges in humans, machines and, most recently, on the Web, and has made contributions to the fields of , , , , and the emerging field of . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1956 births",
"Living people",
"Scientists from London",
"Alumni of Newcastle University",
"Alumni of the University of Edinburgh",
"English computer scientists",
"Academics of the University of Nottingham",
"Academics of the University of Southampton",
"Fellows of the British Computer Society",
"Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering",
"Knights Bachelor",
"Presidents of the British Computer Society",
"Principals of Jesus College, Oxford",
"Members of the Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford",
"Semantic Web people",
"Fellows of the Royal Society"
] | wit-train-topic-001995811 |
|
projected-17332858-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigel%20Shadbolt | Nigel Shadbolt | Research and career | Sir Nigel Richard Shadbolt (born 9 April 1956) is Principal of , and Professorial in the . He is Chairman of the which he co-founded with . He is also a Visiting Professor in the at the . Shadbolt is an interdisciplinary researcher, policy expert and commentator. His research focuses on understanding how intelligent behaviour is embodied and emerges in humans, machines and, most recently, on the Web, and has made contributions to the fields of , , , , and the emerging field of . | Shadbolt's research has been in since the late 1970s working on a broad range of topics; from and through to , , through to the and . He also writes on the wider implications of his research. One example is the book he co-authored with that examines privacy and trust in the Digital Age – The Spy in the Coffee Machine. His most recent research is on the topic of s – understanding the emergent problem solving that arises from a combination of humans, computers and data at web scale. The SOCIAM project on is funded by the .
In 1983, Shadbolt moved to the and joined the Department of Psychology. From 2000 to 2015 he was Professor of in the at the .
From 2000 to 2007, he led and directed the Advanced Knowledge Technologies (AKT) Interdisciplinary Research Collaboration (IRC). It produced a broad range of Semantic Web research, including how diverse information could be harvested and integrated and how semantics could help computers systems recommend content.
In 2006 Shadbolt was elected a of the (FREng). He is a (FBCS) and was its President in its 50th jubilee year. That same year, Nigel Shadbolt, , and Daniel Weitzner, founded the , to promote the discipline of and foster research collaboration between the and .
From 2007 to 2011 Shadbolt was Deputy Head of the at the , from 2011 to 2014 he was Head of the Web and Internet Science Group, the first research group dedicated to the study of and , within ECS, comprising 140 staff, researchers and PhD students.
His Semantic Web research led to the formation of Garlik, offering identity protection services. In 2008, Garlik was awarded Technology Pioneer status by the and won the UK BT Flagship IT Award. acquired Garlik in November 2011.
In June 2009 he was appointed together with as Information Advisor to the UK Government. The two led a team to develop , a single point of access for UK non-personal Governmental public data. In May 2010 he was appointed by the UK Coalition Government to the responsible for setting open data standards across the public sector and developing the legal Right to Data.
In December 2012, Shadbolt and Tim Berners-Lee formally launched the . The ODI focuses on incubating and nurturing new businesses wanting to harness open data, training and promoting standards. In 2013, Shadbolt and Tim Berners-Lee joined the board of advisors of tech startup , creating a network of structured opinions on the semantic web. On 1 August 2015 he was appointed Principal of and a Professorial Research Fellow in the . | [
"Wikimania 2014 - 19 Nigel Shadbolt.JPG"
] | [
"Research and career"
] | [
"1956 births",
"Living people",
"Scientists from London",
"Alumni of Newcastle University",
"Alumni of the University of Edinburgh",
"English computer scientists",
"Academics of the University of Nottingham",
"Academics of the University of Southampton",
"Fellows of the British Computer Society",
"Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering",
"Knights Bachelor",
"Presidents of the British Computer Society",
"Principals of Jesus College, Oxford",
"Members of the Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford",
"Semantic Web people",
"Fellows of the Royal Society"
] | wit-train-topic-005188346 |
projected-17332858-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigel%20Shadbolt | Nigel Shadbolt | Appointments | Sir Nigel Richard Shadbolt (born 9 April 1956) is Principal of , and Professorial in the . He is Chairman of the which he co-founded with . He is also a Visiting Professor in the at the . Shadbolt is an interdisciplinary researcher, policy expert and commentator. His research focuses on understanding how intelligent behaviour is embodied and emerges in humans, machines and, most recently, on the Web, and has made contributions to the fields of , , , , and the emerging field of . | 2008–present: Director,
2010–2015: Chair of Local Public Data Panel, Dept. of Communities and Local Government.
2011–2014: Chair of UK Midata programme, BIS, appointed by Minister of State
2012–2016: UK Health Sector Transparency Board, DHS.
2013–2015: UK Research Sector Transparency Board, appointed by Minister of State
2013–2015: UK Information Economy Council, BIS, appointed by Minister of State
2015–2016: Chair, Shadbolt Review of Computer Science Employability
2015–2016: UK French Data Task Force, appointed by Chancellor of Exchequer
2015–present: Member, HMG Digital Advisory Board. Appointed by Minister of State | [
"Nigel Shadbolt Royal Society.jpg"
] | [
"Research and career",
"Appointments"
] | [
"1956 births",
"Living people",
"Scientists from London",
"Alumni of Newcastle University",
"Alumni of the University of Edinburgh",
"English computer scientists",
"Academics of the University of Nottingham",
"Academics of the University of Southampton",
"Fellows of the British Computer Society",
"Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering",
"Knights Bachelor",
"Presidents of the British Computer Society",
"Principals of Jesus College, Oxford",
"Members of the Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford",
"Semantic Web people",
"Fellows of the Royal Society"
] | wit-train-topic-003168237 |
projected-06902561-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thetford%2C%20Lincolnshire | Thetford, Lincolnshire | Introduction | Thetford is a and farm in the of in the district of , England.
Although Thetford has shrunken to a single farmhouse and associated outbuildings, this was once a manor of with its own chapel. There are records of ministers being installed in 1529 and 1539. The present house and barn are Grade II s.
Thetford lies north of the village of and to the south of the . It is on the line of the , a ditch or dating to the time of the , which is regarded as the western boundary of . The , that crosses the Glen at , runs less than west of Thetford. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Hamlets in Lincolnshire",
"South Kesteven District"
] | wit-train-topic-002947845 |
|
projected-17333006-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%8Cbaku%20Station | Ōbaku Station | Introduction | is a train station located in , , Japan, operated by (JR West) and . It has the Keihan station number "KH75", and the JR West station number "JR-D08". | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Railway stations in Kyoto Prefecture",
"Stations of West Japan Railway Company"
] | wit-train-topic-000983592 |
|
projected-23575035-012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual%20violence%20in%20South%20Africa | Sexual violence in South Africa | Men | The rate of sexual violence in South Africa is among the highest recorded in the world. During 2015/16, there were 51,895 crimes of a sexual nature reported to the . | In 2014 and 2015, a Western Cape study estimated that 15% of men had raped a woman who was not their partner. A Gauteng study conducted in 2010 revealed that 37.4% of men admitted to raping a woman. More than 25% of a sample of 1,738 South African men from the and Provinces admitted to raping someone when anonymously questioned in 2009; of these, nearly half said they had raped more than one person, according to a non-peer reviewed policy brief issued by the Medical Research Council (MRC). Several news publications wrongly extrapolated these results to the rest of the South African population, giving reported rape prevalence several times higher in the two provinces in question. Nearly three out of four men who admitted rape stated they had first forced a woman or girl into sex before the men were the age of 20, and nearly one in ten admitted to doing so before the age of 10.
The Medical Research Council states, "Many forms of sexual violence, particularly sexual harassment and forms of sexual coercion that do not involve physical force are widely viewed as normal male behaviour." It also said practices such as gang rape were common because they were considered a form of male bonding. Market Research Africa, a Johannesburg-based market research agency, reported in 1994 that 76% of men felt that women had a right to say no to sex, one third thought that women could not decide for themselves on abortion, and 10% condoned a man beating a woman or his wife. | [
"Sonke support at every step (8517636838).jpg"
] | [
"Perpetrators",
"Men"
] | [
"Sexual violence by country",
"Sexual violence in Africa",
"Sexuality in South Africa",
"Violence in South Africa",
"Human rights abuses in South Africa"
] | wit-train-topic-003455734 |
projected-17333088-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uji%20Station%20%28Keihan%29 | Uji Station (Keihan) | Introduction | is a on the in , , , and it is the terminal station on the Uji Line.
The station building, designed by architect , was awarded the Good Design Award in 1996.
In 2000, the station was selected as one of "Best 100 Stations in Kinki Region" by Kinki District Transport Bureau of the . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Railway stations in Kyoto Prefecture",
"Railway stations in Japan opened in 1913"
] | wit-train-topic-002122621 |
|
projected-17333155-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasper%20Niesiecki | Kasper Niesiecki | Introduction | Kasper Niesiecki (31 December 1682 – 9 July 1744), also known as Kacper Niesiecki, was a Polish , , , writer, theologian and preacher. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"18th-century Polish Jesuits",
"Polish male writers",
"Polish genealogists",
"1682 births",
"1744 deaths",
"Polish heraldists",
"Polish lexicographers",
"18th-century lexicographers"
] | wit-train-topic-001024975 |
|
projected-17333155-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasper%20Niesiecki | Kasper Niesiecki | Biography | Kasper Niesiecki (31 December 1682 – 9 July 1744), also known as Kacper Niesiecki, was a Polish , , , writer, theologian and preacher. | Niesiecki was born in to a family. In 1699 he began in . From 1701 to 1704 he studied philosophy in , earning a master's degree. In 1707 Niesiecki started his studies in theology at the , graduating in 1711. He undertook further study in , , , and .
Between 1715 and 1723 Niesiecki worked as a preacher in , Greater Poland, and . He taught rhetoric in Bydgoszcz and Chojnice, and ethics and mathematics in Kalisz. From 1724 he lived in the monastery of , where he engaged in his life's work, compiling the Herbarz Polski (Polish Armorial). Niesiecki died there on 9 July 1744.
The first volume of Herbarz Polski was published in 1728 in . Niesiecki wanted to write it in Latin, but his patron, Marianna from -Tarłowa, specified that it was to be published in . Because Niesiecki tried to not use unverified sources and legends, he was opposed by the (Polish nobility). He continued with the work; however, there were delays in printing the next volumes. After the fourth volume was published attacks by the nobles increased; they sent letters of protest to his Polish and Roman superiors. Work on the fifth volume was interrupted by his death; it was completed by Stanisław Czapliński, but never published. In the opinion of historians, the work of Niesiecki obeys all world-standards of genealogy.
In the 19th century the armorial was expanded by several authors and published by in . | [
"Tabl Kasper Niesiecki.jpg"
] | [
"Biography"
] | [
"18th-century Polish Jesuits",
"Polish male writers",
"Polish genealogists",
"1682 births",
"1744 deaths",
"Polish heraldists",
"Polish lexicographers",
"18th-century lexicographers"
] | wit-train-topic-002001902 |
projected-17333155-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasper%20Niesiecki | Kasper Niesiecki | Polish Armorial | Kasper Niesiecki (31 December 1682 – 9 July 1744), also known as Kacper Niesiecki, was a Polish , , , writer, theologian and preacher. | Herbarz Polski (Polish Armorial) full title: "Korona Polska przy złotey wolnosci starożytnemi Rycerstwa Polskiego y Wielkiego Xięstwa Litewskiego kleynotami naywyższymi Honorami Heroicznym, Męstwem y odwagą, Wytworną Nauką a naypierwey Cnotą, nauką Pobożnością, y Swiątobliwością ozdobiona Potomnym zaś wiekom na zaszczyt y nieśmiertelną sławę Pamiętnych w tey Oyczyźnie Synow podana TOM ... Przez X. Kaspra Niesieckego Societatis Jesu", , 1738.
"Korona Polska..." vol. 1
"Korona Polska..." vol. 2
"Korona Polska..." vol. 3
"Korona Polska..." vol. 4
edition expanded by other authors: Herbarz Polski... vol. 4-10, published by , , 1841
Herbarz Polski... - some volumes | [
"Herb Wolf 1.png"
] | [
"Polish Armorial"
] | [
"18th-century Polish Jesuits",
"Polish male writers",
"Polish genealogists",
"1682 births",
"1744 deaths",
"Polish heraldists",
"Polish lexicographers",
"18th-century lexicographers"
] | wit-train-topic-001631187 |
projected-17333177-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort%20Barton%20Site | Fort Barton Site | Introduction | The Fort Barton Site is the site of an historic fort, now located in a public park at Lawton and Highland Avenues in . All that remains of the fort are its earthworks, a roughly oblong structure about long and deep. The site was a defensive post overlooking the main ferry crossing between Tiverton and , which was under British control at the time of its construction in 1777. The ferry was used as a launching position for American forces during the in August 1778. The site was named after Lt. Col. who successfully captured the British during a midnight raid on the British headquarters at in what is now .
Fort Barton was added to the in 1973. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Forts in Rhode Island",
"Buildings and structures in Tiverton, Rhode Island",
"Forts on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island",
"National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island",
"American Revolution on the National Register of Historic Places"
] | wit-train-topic-000119849 |
|
projected-17333217-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy%20Sladen | Percy Sladen | Introduction | Walter Percy Sladen (30 June 1849 – 11 June 1900) was an English biologist who specialised in .
The son of a wealthy leather merchant, Sladen was born near , on 30 June 1849. He was educated at and , but received no university training. As a young man he indulged his hobby of , but soon become fascinated with . In 1876 he was elected a Fellow of the , and the following year became a Fellow of the . 1877 also saw the publication of his first paper, in which he split the genus Poteriocrinus into four; in his lifetime, Sladen would gain a reputation as a because of his proclivity for declaring specimens to belong to new genera or species. Late that year he began a long and fruitful collaboration with ; which would see the publication of some 15 co-authored papers, many on s, over the course of twelve years.
From December 1878, Sladen spent three month at under the auspices of the . His work there, on echinoderm e, established his reputation as a leading authority on echinoderms, and in 1881 he was invited to organise and write up an account of the starfishes collected during the . This would take him a decade to complete, and comprise nearly 1000 pages and 118 plates.
By 1890, Sladen married of York. She was sister of the volcanologist, and , a barrister.
Her father was a surgeon and Sheriff of York.
By that time Sladen was on the Committee of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, Zoological Secretary of the Linnean Society of London, and also active in the Zoological Society of London and the . He therefore relocated to London, at least temporarily. Unfortunately much of Sladen's later life was interrupted by poor health. In 1895 he was elected Vice-President of the Linnean Society, but only a few months later he gave up both this and his secretarial position because of health problems. He completed only two more papers before retiring in 1898 to an estate inherited on the death of his uncle. He died there two years later, on 11 June 1900.
Following his death, Sladen's wife helped preserve her husband's memory by donating his large collection of echinoderms to the in Exeter, and endowing the , to be administered by the Linnean Society to support scientific research. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1849 births",
"1900 deaths",
"English zoologists",
"Fellows of the Geological Society of London",
"Fellows of the Zoological Society of London",
"Fellows of the Linnean Society of London",
"People educated at Marlborough College"
] | wit-train-topic-000930807 |
|
projected-17333229-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miyanosaka%20Station%20%28Osaka%29 | Miyanosaka Station (Osaka) | Lines | is a passenger in located in the city of , , , operated by the private railway company . | Miyanosaka Station is a station of the , and is located 1.0 kilometers from the terminus of the line at . | [] | [
"Lines"
] | [
"Railway stations in Osaka Prefecture",
"Railway stations in Japan opened in 1940",
"Hirakata, Osaka"
] | wit-train-topic-000837807 |
projected-06902586-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahiopsis%20parishii | Bahiopsis parishii | Introduction | Bahiopsis parishii known commonly as Parish goldeneye or shrubby goldeneye, is a n species of s in the family .
It is native to the southwestern , (southern , southern , , and southwestern ), as well as adjacent parts of northwest (, , and ). | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Heliantheae",
"North American desert flora",
"Flora of the Southwestern United States",
"Flora of Northwestern Mexico",
"Flora of the California desert regions",
"Natural history of the Mojave Desert",
"Plants described in 1882",
"Flora without expected TNC conservation status"
] | wit-train-topic-004358684 |
|
projected-17333322-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peruman%20railway%20accident | Peruman railway accident | Cause | The Peruman railway accident occurred on 8 July 1988, when a train derailed on the Peruman bridge over in , India and fell into the water, killing 105 people. The cause was never established, but was blamed on track alignment and faulty wheels, possibly compounded by failure to notify maintenance workers about the approach of a delayed train that had been making-up time by travelling at excessive speed. | The exact cause of the accident is still unknown.
Tornado
A first inquiry conducted by the Commissioner for Railway Safety attributed the cause of train accident to a . This finding has been widely disputed by the general public.
As per P. Venugopal, The Hindu newspaper's correspondent for Alappuzha district then
Track alignment and faulty wheels
A second inquiry, prompted by public outrage, revealed that problems in track alignment and faulty wheels of coaches were responsible for the tragedy.
The following possible causes, even though not officially acknowledged, have received widespread attention in media.
Speed
Some eyewitness are quoted saying that the train was running too fast for the bridge at the time of accident.
Track maintenance work
Some track maintenance may have been going on at the railway bridge. A report alleges the maintenance workers called up the nearest station and inquired about the passing trains. They were told that the Island Express which was due to pass is running late. The blog asserts the workers had lifted a section of rail and the repair was underway, then the workers went for a break, leaving the separated rail, assured that the train was not due. The train kept the right time and derailed on the bridge.
Observation of Arunkumar (18-07-2022):
I was traveling by road that night from Kozhikode to Trivandrum and was surprised by the number of Police vehicles and Ambulances on the road at that time of the night. It was only after reaching Trivandrum that I came to know about the nature & extent of the tragedy.
To me,the possibility of track maintenance and taking a work-break by the workers (under the mistaken impression that the Island Express was running late) sounds more probable. | [
"Peruman bridge.jpg"
] | [
"Cause"
] | [
"Derailments in India",
"1988 in India",
"Railway accidents in 1988",
"Transport in Kollam district",
"History of Kerala (1947–present)",
"Rail transport in Kerala",
"History of Kollam district",
"Disasters in Kerala",
"Railway accidents and incidents in Kerala"
] | wit-train-topic-004663187 |
projected-06902587-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pistou | Pistou | Introduction | Pistou (: pisto (classical) or pistou (Mistralian), ), or pistou sauce, is a cold sauce made from cloves of , fresh basil, and . It is somewhat similar to the n sauce , although it lacks s. Some modern versions of the recipe include grated , , or similar hard cheeses. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"French sauces",
"Cold soups",
"Garlic dishes",
"Food combinations"
] | wit-train-topic-000151471 |
|
projected-06902587-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pistou | Pistou | Use | Pistou (: pisto (classical) or pistou (Mistralian), ), or pistou sauce, is a cold sauce made from cloves of , fresh basil, and . It is somewhat similar to the n sauce , although it lacks s. Some modern versions of the recipe include grated , , or similar hard cheeses. | Pistou is a typical condiment from the Provence region of France most often associated with the Provençal dish soupe au pistou, which resembles and may include white beans, green beans, tomatoes, summer squash, potatoes, and pasta. The pistou is incorporated into the soup just before serving.
is used in Nice. Some regions substitute or . In , pecorino, a hard sheep's-milk cheese from or is used. Whatever cheese is used, a "stringy" cheese is not preferred, so that when it melts in a hot liquid (like in the pistou soup, for instance), it does not melt into long strands. | [
"Soup au Pistou.jpg"
] | [
"Use"
] | [
"French sauces",
"Cold soups",
"Garlic dishes",
"Food combinations"
] | wit-train-topic-002126215 |
projected-23575051-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1922%20Giro%20d%27Italia | 1922 Giro d'Italia | Introduction | The 1922 Giro d'Italia was the tenth edition of the , a organized and sponsored by the . The race began on 24 May in with a stage that stretched to , finishing back in Milan on 11 June after a stage and a total distance covered of . The race was won by the Italian rider of the Legnano team. Second and third respectively were the Italian riders and . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Giro d'Italia by year",
"1922 in road cycling",
"1922 in Italian sport",
"May 1922 sports events",
"June 1922 sports events"
] | wit-train-topic-000917255 |
|
projected-17333325-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3131%20Mason-Dixon | 3131 Mason-Dixon | Introduction | 3131 Mason–Dixon (: ) is a from the outer regions of the . It was discovered on 24 January 1982, by American astronomer at Lowell's in Arizona, United States. The likely has a of 19.7 hours and measures approximately in diameter. It was named for English astronomers and . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Koronis asteroids",
"Discoveries by Edward L. G. Bowell",
"Minor planets named for people",
"Named minor planets",
"Astronomical objects discovered in 1982"
] | wit-train-topic-003799281 |
|
projected-23575096-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire%20Stations%20of%20Oahu | Fire Stations of Oahu | Introduction | The (HFD) operates their 44 Fire Stations on the Island of Oahu, and in and around . Seven current or former stations are on the , of which five are still in use today as fire stations.
By the 1920s, the accepted style for most public architecture in , was Spanish or, more broadly, . Five fire stations built on Oahu between 1924 and 1932 illustrate this stylistic congruence, despite being designed by three different architects. The prototype for all five appears to have been , built in 1901 and designed by . Honolulu's , remodeled in 1934, is larger but somewhat similar in style, although with embellishments. All seven buildings were added to the on 2 December 1980, even though Palama Fire Station had been added separately on 21 April 1976.
All seven fire stations are box-shaped, two-story structures, with engine bays on the ground floor and dormitories upstairs. All have drying towers, which were required for the cloth-covered rubber hoses of the era in which they were built, but which also serve as visual landmarks and decorative elements. The buildings are all of sturdy , with white stucco walls and tiled roofs, in a Mediterranean style. The on Kapahulu Avenue followed a similar model when it was built in 1927, but it was extensively remodeled in 1963 to fit an evolving Hawaiian rather than Mediterranean style, so it was excluded from the National Register application. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Government buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Hawaii",
"Hawaiian architecture",
"History of Oahu",
"Fire stations in Hawaii",
"Buildings and structures in Honolulu",
"Historic American Buildings Survey in Hawaii",
"National Register of Historic Places in Honolulu"
] | wit-train-topic-003971270 |
|
projected-23575096-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire%20Stations%20of%20Oahu | Fire Stations of Oahu | History | The (HFD) operates their 44 Fire Stations on the Island of Oahu, and in and around . Seven current or former stations are on the , of which five are still in use today as fire stations.
By the 1920s, the accepted style for most public architecture in , was Spanish or, more broadly, . Five fire stations built on Oahu between 1924 and 1932 illustrate this stylistic congruence, despite being designed by three different architects. The prototype for all five appears to have been , built in 1901 and designed by . Honolulu's , remodeled in 1934, is larger but somewhat similar in style, although with embellishments. All seven buildings were added to the on 2 December 1980, even though Palama Fire Station had been added separately on 21 April 1976.
All seven fire stations are box-shaped, two-story structures, with engine bays on the ground floor and dormitories upstairs. All have drying towers, which were required for the cloth-covered rubber hoses of the era in which they were built, but which also serve as visual landmarks and decorative elements. The buildings are all of sturdy , with white stucco walls and tiled roofs, in a Mediterranean style. The on Kapahulu Avenue followed a similar model when it was built in 1927, but it was extensively remodeled in 1963 to fit an evolving Hawaiian rather than Mediterranean style, so it was excluded from the National Register application. | In 1901, just after the devastating Chinatown fire of 1900, the city of Honolulu had three fire stations. The Central Fire Station at that time was a lava-rock building of two-and-a-half stories designed in 1896 by and in the style that dominated the downtown area at that time. The Makiki Fire Station was a two-story wooden building designed by Ripley and Dickey in 1899. At the time he relocated to Honolulu in 1897, had already designed many public buildings in . During the turn-of-the-century building boom after annexation, he soon became one of the busiest architects in the . When he was commissioned to design the Palama Fire Station in 1901, he gave it a Mediterranean look very different from that of the Romanesque he had designed the previous year.
However, the building boom faded soon afterward. Dickey relocated to in 1905, and Traphagen followed in 1907, after the . The opening of the in 1914 set the stage for another building boom, as both tourism and migration helped fuel rapid growth during the 1920s. Many nationally known architects opened offices in the islands, and their designs often reflected a California regional style heavily influenced by the work of at the 1915 in . Dickey reopened an office in Honolulu in 1920 and moved back to the islands in 1925. The new fire stations of the 1920s and 1930s more closely reflected California regional styles than did Traphagen's prototype in 1901.
A new Central Fire Station was built in 1934, and is listed on the . | [
"Central Fire Station, about 1901.jpg"
] | [
"History"
] | [
"Government buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Hawaii",
"Hawaiian architecture",
"History of Oahu",
"Fire stations in Hawaii",
"Buildings and structures in Honolulu",
"Historic American Buildings Survey in Hawaii",
"National Register of Historic Places in Honolulu"
] | wit-train-topic-002902462 |