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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/179th%20Fighter%20Squadron

179th Fighter Squadron

P-38 transition and combat operations from England

The 179th Fighter Squadron (179 FS) is a unit of the located at , Minnesota. The 179th is equipped with the .

Having trained on single engine aircraft, the squadrons's pilots were surprised to find s sitting on Stoney Cross's dispersal pads. Only members of the advance party had any experience flying the Lightning. These pilots had flown combat sorties with the . The change from single engine to twin engine aircraft required considerable retraining for both pilots and ground crew. Although some pilots entered combat with as little as eight hours of flying time on the P-38, in late April the squadron was reinforced by pilots who had trained on the Lightning in the States and were more experienced on the type. However, the lack of instrument training in the P-38 took its toll on the 393d as weather, not enemy action, caused the loss of pilots and airplanes. On 9 May, the squadron flew its first combat mission, a fighter sweep over . For the remainer of the month, the unit flew fighter sweeps, bomber escort and , missions and suffered its first combat losses. On and the next three days the squadron flew missions maintaining air cover over shipping carrying invasion troops. These missions continued for the next three days. The 393d and other P-38 units stationed in England were selected for these missions with the expectation that the distinctive silhouette of the Lightning would prevent potential friendly fire incidents by anti-aircraft gunners mistaking them for enemy fighters. Shortly after the Normandy invasion, on 12 June, the 367th Group was selected to test the ability of the P-38 to carry a 2,000 lb bomb under each wing. The selected target was a , and results were mixed. However, on this mission, the squadron scored its first air-to-air victory when Lts James Pinkerton and James Mason teamed up to shoot down a flying near the assigned target. By mid June had withdrawn to defend a perimeter around , a major port whose capture had become more important to the allies with the destruction of A, one of the artificial harbors constructed near the Normandy beachhead. An attack by on 22 June was to be preceded by low level bombing and strafing attack by . Briefed by intelligence to expect a "milk run" The 394th flew at low altitude through what turned out to be a heavily defended area. Within two to three minutes after beginning the attack the squadron lost five pilots. Seven group pilots were killed in action. Nearly all surviving aircraft received battle damage and the entire 367th Group was out of action for several days. moved its medium bomber forces to bases closer to the Continent in July, so they would be able to strike targets near the expanding front in France. The was moved to Stoney Cross, forcing the 394th to vacate their station and move the short distance to . From Ibsley the group struck railroads, marshaling yards, and trains to prevent enemy reinforcements from reaching the front during , the Allied breakthrough at in July 1944.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/179th%20Fighter%20Squadron

179th Fighter Squadron

Transition to the P-47 Thunderbolt

The 179th Fighter Squadron (179 FS) is a unit of the located at , Minnesota. The 179th is equipped with the .

Early in 1945 a desire to standardize the fighter-bombers in Ninth Air Force, the squadron transitioned into s. Pilots flew Lightings on combat missions while training at the same time with the Thunderbolt. The 393d was the first squadron of the 367th Group to fly a combat missions with the P-47s. Using the Thunderbolt the squadron was again cited in a Belgium Army Order of the Day, earning the . The 393d received a second Distinguished Unit Citation for action on 19 March 1945. The 367th Group's target was the headquarters of , the German Commander-ln-Chief, West, at Ziegenburg near , Germany. Aircraft of the leading 394th Fighter Squadron would attack at low level to achieve surprise, carrying a 1,000-pound bomb under each wing. The P-47s of the 392d Fighter Squadron would be similarly armed, but would from a higher altitude. The bombs were equipped with time-delay fuses intended to crack the concrete roofs of the bunker. The 393d carried intended to seep into the bunkers and burn what remained. The attack was scheduled for a time that intelligence reports indicated would find senior staff and commanders at lunch, the only time they would not be in the reinforced tunnels underneath the castle that housed the headquarters. The target was located in mountainous terrain well defended by antiaircraft artillery. Moreover, to avoid alerting the Germans to the pending attack, photographic reconnaissance aircraft had avoided the area, so detailed target photography was not available. The day of the attack the castle was concealed by ground haze which caused the 394th Fighter Squadron to stray off course at the last minute, preventing them from executing the attack as planned and reducing the element of surprise. Although senior German officers reached the underground bunkers and survived the attack, the group reduced the military complex to ruins, disrupting communications and the flow of intelligence at a critical time. The squadron struck tanks, trucks, flak positions, and other objectives in support of the assault across the late in March and the final allied operations in Germany. It was commended by the commanding generals of and the for the close air support the unit provided for their commands. On 10 April the squadron moved to on the northwest side of , Germany. The 393d flew its last combat mission, a defensive patrol, one year after entering combat on 8 May. During its combat tour, the squadron was credited with 22.5 air-to-air victories over enemy aircraft.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/179th%20Fighter%20Squadron

179th Fighter Squadron

Minnesota Air National Guard

The 179th Fighter Squadron (179 FS) is a unit of the located at , Minnesota. The 179th is equipped with the .

The wartime 393d Fighter Squadron was redesignated the 179th Fighter Squadron and was allotted to the on 24 May 1946. It was organized at and was extended federal recognition on 17 September 1948. The squadron was equipped with s and was assigned to the at , Minneapolis.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/179th%20Fighter%20Squadron

179th Fighter Squadron

Cold War

The 179th Fighter Squadron (179 FS) is a unit of the located at , Minnesota. The 179th is equipped with the .

The unit was organized by 1 January 1953 and ADC became its gaining command upon call to active duty. It resumed its peacetime training mission. The squadron upgraded in 1954 to the equipped all-weather interceptor, armed with .50 caliber machine guns. With this new aircraft, the 179th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron became an all-weather interceptor unit. In 1957, the 179th again upgraded to the improved then in 1959, the unit converted to the F-89J model of the Scorpion, which was not only equipped with for interception control through the system, but which carried the nuclear armed . On 1 July 1960, the 179th was authorized to expand to a group level, and the (Air Defense) was established along with supporting squadrons. The 179th became the new group's flying squadron. The other squadrons assigned to the group were the 148th Material Squadron, 148th Air Bse Squadron and the 148th USAF Dispensary. The same day, the squadron assumed a 24-hour air defense at Duluth alongside the regular Air Force . In 1967, the supersonic replaced the squadron's F-89J. The came aboard in April 1971 and remained until January 1976 when the unit was redesignated, becoming the 179th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron with Mach-2 unarmed reconnaissance aircraft. Its new mission entailed all weather, high or low altitude, day or night, reconnaissance. This mission also required the unit to have the capability to deploy to a wide variety of operating locations. The 179th TRS deployed seven RF-4Cs to in between 3 and 23 August 1979 as part of Exercise Coronet Bridle. In October 1983, the mission changed again and the 179th returned to air defense becoming the 179th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron. The return to alert and air defense was accompanied by the McDonnell Douglas F-4D Phantom II tactical fighter, most of the unit's aircraft being veterans of the Vietnam War. Between 1 March 1986 and 6 April 1987, three F-4Ds (65-0585, 65-0593 and 65-0648) from the 179th FIS were deployed to , West Germany, alongside Phantoms of the and as part of Exercise Creek Klaxon, which saw the ANG units take QRA responsibilities while the converted to the .

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projected-17329949-011

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/179th%20Fighter%20Squadron

179th Fighter Squadron

Post-Cold War

The 179th Fighter Squadron (179 FS) is a unit of the located at , Minnesota. The 179th is equipped with the .

On 10 March 1990, the 179th FIS received the first variants of the F-16A Fighting Falcon air defense fighter (ADF) to take over from the F-4D Phantom II. The early F-16 markings included "Duluth" on a tail stripe as well as an image of the Big Dipper. The last flight of a 179th FIS F-4D was under taken by 65-0608 on 17 April 1990. On 17 March 1992, the 179th was renamed the 179th Fighter Squadron. A few years later, in October 1995, the unit was tasked with maintaining a detachment (Detachment 1, 148th Fighter Wing), which maintained alert status at , Florida. To fit the needs of a shrinking air force, the squadron dropped the air superiority role and became a general purpose tactical fighter squadron. Already proficient in the air-to-air mission, the 179th had to be brought up to speed with both using guided and unguided bombs. Live bombs were dropped for the first time in March 2000 during a training exercise. Due to the role change, the squadron's base facilities also had to be renovated. On 11 September 2001, the squadron became very busy as a result of the attack on the two towers in . As an immediate aftermath, the 148th was again tasked with air defense, providing s over the capital and New York City, and with deploying personnel and aircraft back to its detached alert facility at Tyndall. Towards the end of 2003 the Bulldogs began conversion to the F-16C/D block 25. Most F-16A/Bs were retired straight to the . During the course of the conversion, Detachment 1 at Tyndall was discontinued. With the newer Fighting Falcons, the squadron began combat deployments, sometimes operating as an expeditionary fighter squadron. As part of , the 179th was one of the first F-16 units to be based in , Iraq. The 179th deployed more than 200 personnel between April and June 2005. The squadron was tasked with both air-to-air and air-to-ground combat operations. Another deployment to Balad was set up between September and December 2008. On 27 April 2010, the squadron began another conversion being the first Air National Guard unit to operate the block 50 F-16C/D when five aircraft arrived from , Germany when and s at Spangdahlem were replaced by the , with the surplus aircraft going to the 179th. The majority of the block 25s were sent to retirement at , Arizona. Between April and July 2016, the 179th deployed to , , as the 179th Expeditionary Fighter Squadron, being replaced by the . The 179th EFS deployed to Southwest Asia as part of between April and August 2018, flying nearly 3,500 hours across over 600 sorties. From 1 to 12 April 2019, the 179th FS deployed to in the to participate in 2019.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/179th%20Fighter%20Squadron

179th Fighter Squadron

Lineage

The 179th Fighter Squadron (179 FS) is a unit of the located at , Minnesota. The 179th is equipped with the .

Constituted as the 393d Fighter Squadron on 26 May 1943 Activated on 15 July 1943 Inactivated on 7 November 1945 Redesignated 179th Fighter Squadron and allotted to the National Guard on 24 May 1946 Extended federal recognition on 17 September 1948 Federalized and placed on active duty on 1 March 1951 Redesignated 179th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron on 23 March 1951 Inactivated and returned to Minnesota state control on 1 December 1952 Activated on 1 December 1952 Redesignated 179th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron on 10 January 1976 Redesignated 179th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron on 15 November 1983 Redesignated 179th Fighter Squadron on 17 March 1992

wit-train-topic-004752673

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/179th%20Fighter%20Squadron

179th Fighter Squadron

Aircraft

The 179th Fighter Squadron (179 FS) is a unit of the located at , Minnesota. The 179th is equipped with the .

Bell P-39 Airacobra, 1943–1944 Lockheed P-38 Lightning, 1944–1945 Republic P-47N Thunderbolt, 1945 North American F-51D Mustang, 1948–1954 Lockheed F-94B Starfire, 1954–1957 Northrop F-89C Scorpion, 1957–1959 Northrop F-89J Scorpion, 1959–1966 Convair F-102A Delta Dagger, 1966–1971 McDonnell F-101B Voodoo, 1971–1976 McDonnell Douglas RF-4C Phantom II, 1976–1983 McDonnell Douglas F-4D Phantom II, 1983–17 April 1990 General Dynamics F-16A/B Fighting Falcon, 10 March 1990 – 2002 General Dynamics F-16C/D Fighting Falcon, 2002 – present

wit-train-topic-002005726

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapelton%20v%20Barry%20UDC

Chapelton v Barry UDC

Introduction

Chapelton v Barry Urban District Council [1940] 1 KB 532, the "deckchair case", is an case on and exclusion clauses. It stands for the proposition that a display of goods can be an offer and a whole offer, rather than an , and serves as an example for how onerous exclusion clauses can be deemed to not be incorporated in a contract.

wit-train-topic-004946135

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephraim%20Kingsbury%20Avery

Ephraim Kingsbury Avery

Introduction

Ephraim Kingsbury Avery (December 18, 1799 – October 23, 1869) was a minister who was among the first tried for in the . Avery is often cited as "the first", although it is thought there is at least that precedes Avery's.

wit-train-topic-002002667

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephraim%20Kingsbury%20Avery

Ephraim Kingsbury Avery

The murder

Ephraim Kingsbury Avery (December 18, 1799 – October 23, 1869) was a minister who was among the first tried for in the . Avery is often cited as "the first", although it is thought there is at least that precedes Avery's.

On December 21, 1832, farmer John Durfee of , , discovered a woman's corpse hanging by her neck from a rope tied to a stackpole used to dry hay. Investigators identified the woman as 30-year-old factory worker , of . The family from whom Sarah Cornell rented a room discovered among her personal effects a note written by Cornell and dated the same day as her death: "If I should be missing, enquire of the Rev. Mr. Avery of , he will know where I am." Other suspicious and incriminating letters came to light, as well as a conversation she had had with a doctor indicating the married Avery was the father of her unborn child. A 's jury was convened in before any had been performed. This jury found that Cornell had "committed by herself upon a stake ... and was influenced to commit said crime by the wicked conduct of a married man." After the was performed, however, it was discovered that Cornell had been four months pregnant at the time of her death. A second coroner's jury was convened, this time in . This jury overruled the earlier finding of suicide and accused Ephraim Kingsbury Avery, a married Methodist minister, as the " or " in her death. Avery was quickly arrested on a charge of , but just as quickly set free on his own . Cornell's pregnancy led another Methodist minister to reject the responsibility of burying her the second time (she already once been exhumed for autopsy). He claimed that she had only been a "probationary" member of his congregation. Responsibility for her burial was assumed by the Fall River Congregationalists, and Cornell was buried as an , on . That night in , money was raised and two committees pledged to assist the officials of Tiverton with the murder investigation. The next day ( being in largely ), a was ed to take one hundred men from Fall River to Bristol. They surrounded Avery's home and demanded he come out. Avery declined, but did send a friend outside to try to placate the crowd. The men eventually left when the steamship signaled its return to Fall River. In Bristol, an inquest was convened, in which two found there to be insufficient evidence to try Avery for the crime of murder. The people of Fall River were outraged, and there were rumors that one of the justices was a Methodist, and was looking to quell the scandal. The of Fall River, Harvey Harnden, obtained from a judge a for Avery's arrest. When a Rhode Island sheriff went to serve it, he discovered that Avery had already fled. On January 20, 1833, Harnden tracked Avery to . Avery later claimed he had fled because he feared for his life, particularly at the hands of the mob that had surrounded his house. Harnden Avery to , where Avery was put in jail. On March 8, 1833, Avery was for murder by a . He "not guilty".

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephraim%20Kingsbury%20Avery

Ephraim Kingsbury Avery

Acquittal and aftermath

Ephraim Kingsbury Avery (December 18, 1799 – October 23, 1869) was a minister who was among the first tried for in the . Avery is often cited as "the first", although it is thought there is at least that precedes Avery's.

On June 2, 1833, after deliberating for 16 hours, the jury found Ephraim Kingsbury Avery "not guilty". The minister was set free and returned to his position in the , but the was that Avery had been wrongfully . Rallies hanged or burned of Avery, and he himself was once almost lynched in . A great deal of anger was also directed at the Methodist Church. To ease tensions, the church's New England Conference convened a trial of its own, chaired by , in which Avery was again acquitted. This did little, if anything, to quell public antipathy toward Avery or the church. Avery later embarked on a speaking tour to vindicate himself in the eyes of the public, but his efforts were largely unsuccessful. In 1836, Avery left the Methodist ministry, and took his family first to , then upstate . They ultimately settled in , where he lived out the rest of his days as a farmer. Avery also wrote a pamphlet called The correct, full and impartial report of the trial of Rev. Ephraim K. Avery. He died on October 23, 1869, and was buried in South Pittsfield Cemetery, , .

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projected-23574199-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%ADskov%C3%A1%20Lhota%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29

Písková Lhota (Mladá Boleslav District)

Introduction

Písková Lhota is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 1,000 inhabitants. It is located south of and northeast of .

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projected-23574199-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%ADskov%C3%A1%20Lhota%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29

Písková Lhota (Mladá Boleslav District)

Administrative parts

Písková Lhota is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 1,000 inhabitants. It is located south of and northeast of .

Village of Zámostí is an administrative part of Písková Lhota.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.%20Edward%20Snyder

J. Edward Snyder

Introduction

Rear Adm. J. Edward Snyder, USN (Ret.) (October 23, 1924 – November 4, 2007) was notable as the captain of the battleship during that ship's deployment to the in 1968. Considered by those serving on the New Jersey to be a "sailor's captain," Captain Snyder was able to motivate his men through his more relaxed shipboard policies. Snyder was also known for his wry sense of humor. While deployed off Vietnam, the USS New Jersey encountered a small US Navy ship. Fearing that the unidentified vessel was a ese gunboat, the commanding officer of the smaller ship flashed a message to the New Jersey using its , ordering the battleship to identify itself or be fired upon. In response, Snyder ordered that the largest signal lamp aboard be used to identify the ship and relay the message, replete with pun, "OPEN FIRE WHEN READY. FEAR GOD. ." Snyder also sought to cultivate a wider sense of mission. He brought ground troops aboard the New Jersey for weekend liberty, earning the ship the nickname "The New Jersey Hilton." Told to stop the "unauthorized public relations stunt" by DoD, Snyder sternly responded, noting that he had notified the , and that it was no stunt. Instead, it was meant to give the ground troops a respite from the war, and remind his men why they were providing gunfire support. He finished his message by disparaging the Pentagon as "Disneyland East," and stating that he had no idea what was going on there, but couldn't care less. Captain Snyder died on Sunday, November 4, 2007, from pancreatic cancer.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teopanzolco

Teopanzolco

Introduction

Teopanzolco is an archaeological site in the of . Due to urban growth, it now lies within the modern city of . Most of the visible remains date from the Middle to Late (1300-1521).

wit-train-topic-004446392

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teopanzolco

Teopanzolco

The site

Teopanzolco is an archaeological site in the of . Due to urban growth, it now lies within the modern city of . Most of the visible remains date from the Middle to Late (1300-1521).

Only the ceremonial centre of Teopanzolco has been preserved. The residential areas of the prehispanic city lie beneath the modern development of Vista Hermosa, for this reason the actual size of the city is unknown. The surviving remains were built using local . Although nothing survives of the original finishing, the buildings were presumably covered with painted plaster, as at other archaeological sites. Although the site had been developed by both the Tlahuicas and the Aztecs, the dominant architectural style and the majority of the excavated ceramics are Aztec in origin. Great Platform or Building 1. This is the principal building within the archaeological zone. It consists of a westward facing rectangular pyramidal base that once supported twin temples; the northernmost was dedicated to , the Aztec rain god, while the southern temple was dedicated to , the god of war. Two parallel stairways give access to the temples. This style of double temple is Aztec in origin. Two phases of building are evident, the second practically identical to the first and built on top of it. Only the platform survives from the second phase but sections of the walls of the twin temples survive from the earlier building phase. The later phase of construction appears to have been interrupted by the . Temple of Tlaloc This consisted of a small enclosure surrounded by four pillars that presumably supported a wide roof that extended beyond the temple enclosure itself. It is situated upon the Great Platform. Temple of Huitzilopochtli This was larger than the temple of Tlaloc and consisted of two rooms, one lying behind the other and accessed through it. The remains of an altar have been found in this inner sanctum . It is situated upon the Great Platform. Building 2 This is a low, irregular platform with a wide north-facing stairway. Building 3 is a small rectangular platform with an east-facing stairway. Building 4 is a wide but shallow rectangular platform with a borderless east-facing stairway. A pit was found in this structure, which contained a great number of human bones together with two knives. The bones belonged to 35 individuals of both sexes who had been sacrificed and dismembered. Building 5 is another small rectangular platform with an east-facing stairway. Building 6 is a small rectangular platform with an east-facing stairway. Building 7 is a small, low circular platform with an east-facing stairway. It was a shrine dedicated to , the Aztec god of wind, one of the manifestations of . A sunken chamber was found inside this platform, it was filled with offerings of ceramic vessels and human skulls, probably belonging to sacrificial victims. Building 8 is a very small rectangular platform with an east-facing stairway. Building 9 is another low circular platform. It was another shrine to Ehecatl, slightly larger than the similar Building 7. Building 10 is a long rectangular platform running east-west, located behind buildings 3 to 6. It has two stairways facing east and another facing to the west. It appears to have been expanded several times during its history. Building 12 is a large platform aligned with the Great Platform, lying directly to the north. It has three west-facing stairways. Temple of or Building 13 is directly behind (i.e. to the east of) the Great Platform. Its lower level had a double stairway that faced towards the latter. The upper level has a single, wide stairway. The combination of a cannonball strike during the and a large looters' pit has inflicted extensive damage upon the remains. Platform 15 was excavated in 1997. It is located at the southern edge of the archaeological site. It was a large platform in a poor state of preservation. Below the platform were found the remains of a residence whose inhabitants manufactured dyes, as evidenced by the discovery of hearths with tools and traces of iron oxide-based pigments. The residence was demolished in order to build the overlying platform, leaving only the foundations containing domestic human burials. The site is in the care of the (National Institute of Anthropology and History) and is open to the public.

wit-train-topic-000203272

projected-17329993-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah%20Maria%20Cornell

Sarah Maria Cornell

Introduction

Sarah Maria Cornell (May 3, 1803 – December 20, 1832) was a mill worker whose corpse was found hanging from a stackpole on the farm of John Durfee in nearby on December 21, 1832. Her death was at first thought to be a suicide. After an autopsy, it was discovered she was pregnant. minister would be suspected of her pregnancy and tried for her murder, in a trial what would engage local industrialists against the New England Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Although Avery would be acquitted for the murder, he was forever scorned in the eyes of the public.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah%20Maria%20Cornell

Sarah Maria Cornell

Trial

Sarah Maria Cornell (May 3, 1803 – December 20, 1832) was a mill worker whose corpse was found hanging from a stackpole on the farm of John Durfee in nearby on December 21, 1832. Her death was at first thought to be a suicide. After an autopsy, it was discovered she was pregnant. minister would be suspected of her pregnancy and tried for her murder, in a trial what would engage local industrialists against the New England Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Although Avery would be acquitted for the murder, he was forever scorned in the eyes of the public.

The trial began in on May 6, 1833, and was heard by the Supreme Judicial Council. The lawyers for the prosecution were and former attorney general . The six lawyers for the defense, hired by the , were led by former and . The trial lasted 27 days. Under Rhode Island law at the time, s in capital cases were not permitted to offer testimony in their own defense, so Avery did not get the opportunity to speak. However, both the prosecution and the defense called a large number of witnesses to testify, 68 for the prosecution, and 128 for the defense. Although the defense maintained that Avery had not been present when the murder occurred, the larger part of the defense strategy was to Cornell's morals. The defense characterized her as "utterly abandoned, unprincipled, profligate," and brought forth many witnesses to testify to her , and mental instability. Much was made of how Cornell had been cast out of the for . The prosecution largely attempted to portray the Methodist clergy as a dangerous, almost , willing to defend their minister and the good name of their church at any cost. A medical debate centered around whether the unborn child was in fact conceived in August, although Puritan standards of propriety regarding the female body sometimes made it difficult to elicit factual information. One female witness, when questioned as to the state of Cornell's body, absolutely refused to answer, saying, "I never heard such questions asked of nobody." On June 2, 1833, after deliberating for 16 hours, the jury found Ephraim Kingsbury Avery "not guilty". The minister was set free and returned to his position in the , but the was that Avery had been wrongfully . Rallies hanged or burned of Avery, and he himself was once almost lynched in . A great deal of anger was also directed at the Methodist Church. To ease tensions, the church's New England Conference convened a trial of its own, chaired by , in which Avery was again acquitted. This did little, if anything, to quell public antipathy toward Avery or the church. Avery later embarked on a speaking tour to vindicate himself in the eyes of the public, but his efforts were largely unsuccessful. In 1836, Avery left the Methodist ministry, and took his family first to , then upstate New York. They ultimately settled in , where he lived out the rest of his days as a farmer. Avery also wrote a pamphlet called The correct, full and impartial report of the trial of Rev. Ephraim K. Avery. He died on October 23, 1869.

wit-train-topic-003048210

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death%20of%20Tina%20Watson

Death of Tina Watson

Incident

Tina Watson was a 26-year-old American woman from , who died while in , Australia, on 22 October 2003. Tina had been on her with her new husband, fellow American Gabe Watson, who was initially charged by Queensland authorities with his wife's murder. Watson pleaded guilty to and was sentenced to a term of imprisonment. Evidence presented at the trial included Watson's differing accounts of what had happened on that day, of the couple's diving experience (or lack thereof), and of Tina's . While Watson was serving his term in Australia, authorities in Alabama flagged an intention to charge him with murder at a later date. After his release, he was to Alabama on the condition that he would not be if found guilty of murder. Watson was then put on trial, but on 23 February 2012, Judge Tommy Nail dismissed the murder case due to lack of evidence.

At around 10:30 am on 22 October, during an excursion from the dive boat Spoilsport to the site of Yongala, Tina lost consciousness and sank to the bottom, below the water's surface within two minutes of beginning the dive. Watson claimed the currents were stronger than they expected and that he responded to a signal from Tina to return to the dive rope, where he noted a look of worry on her face before she accidentally knocked his mask and air regulator loose. When Watson recovered his sight, Tina was sinking too quickly for him to retrieve her and he quickly surfaced to get help. He also stated that an ear problem prevented him from diving deeper to help her and that there was nothing in his training as a rescue diver "about how to get somebody" in trouble to the surface. Other divers nearby at the time, including Dr. Stanley Stutz, saw Watson engaged in an underwater "" with his "flailing" wife, after which he headed for the surface while Tina fell to the ocean floor. One diver, Gary Stempler, photographed Tina by chance while taking a picture of his own wife that showed Tina in the background. The photo showed her lying face-up on the ocean floor, something that did not come to light until a couple of weeks later when the pictures were developed. Watson climbed aboard the Spoilsport and alerted dive instructor Wade Singleton, who brought Tina to the surface after ten minutes underwater. She was taken aboard the adjacent dive boat Jazz II, where a doctor tried to resuscitate her for 40 minutes while Watson remained on the Spoilsport, but she was unable to be revived.

wit-train-topic-002691910

projected-23574209-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%99epe%C5%99e%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29

Přepeře (Mladá Boleslav District)

Introduction

Přepeře is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 100 inhabitants.

wit-train-topic-000806055

projected-23574211-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pt%C3%BDrov

Ptýrov

Introduction

Ptýrov is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 300 inhabitants.

wit-train-topic-000728271

projected-06901696-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe%20McKelvey

Joe McKelvey

Introduction

Joseph McKelvey (17 June 1898 – 8 December 1922) was an officer who was executed during the . He participated in the 's repudiation of the authority of the (civil government of the declared in 1919) in March 1922 and was elected to the IRA Army Executive. In April 1922 he helped command the occupation of the in defiance of the new . This action helped to spark the civil war, between pro- and anti-Treaty factions. McKelvey was among the most hardline of the anti-Treaty republicans and briefly, in June 1922, became .

wit-train-topic-001481624

projected-06901696-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe%20McKelvey

Joe McKelvey

Background

Joseph McKelvey (17 June 1898 – 8 December 1922) was an officer who was executed during the . He participated in the 's repudiation of the authority of the (civil government of the declared in 1919) in March 1922 and was elected to the IRA Army Executive. In April 1922 he helped command the occupation of the in defiance of the new . This action helped to spark the civil war, between pro- and anti-Treaty factions. McKelvey was among the most hardline of the anti-Treaty republicans and briefly, in June 1922, became .

McKelvey was born in , the only son of Patrick McKelvey, a constable who later became a sergeant, and Rose O’Neill, a post office employee. During , McKelvey Snr enlisted in the special reserve of the British Army and, in 1917, was posted to the . He died in 1919 in Belfast, due to a perforation of his stomach, at the age of 57. Joe McKelvey had a keen interest in the and the . He studied as an accountant and gained some of the qualifications necessary for this profession, but never fully qualified. He worked for a time at the Office on Queen's Square in and later found work in the city's engineering industry with Mackies on the . He joined the and the , which during 1919 became known as the (IRA). He was a founder member of the Club, Belfast – established in 1916 on the Falls Road. Each year the club honour him with a juvenile hurling blitz, an invitational competition which is participated in by clubs throughout Ireland.

wit-train-topic-002447287

projected-23574227-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolumnia%20pulchella

Tolumnia pulchella

Introduction

Tolumnia pulchella is a species of to . It is the of the genus .

wit-train-topic-001177297

projected-20468410-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primovula%20roseomaculata

Primovula roseomaculata

Introduction

Primovula roseomaculata is a of , a in the family , the ovulids, cowry allies or false cowries. As is the case in most ovulids, in life, the completely covers the shell almost all of the time.

wit-train-topic-001282852

projected-23574238-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sezemice%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29

Sezemice (Mladá Boleslav District)

Introduction

Sezemice is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 100 inhabitants.

wit-train-topic-001372376

projected-23574243-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skalsko%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29

Skalsko (Mladá Boleslav District)

Introduction

Skalsko is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 400 inhabitants.

wit-train-topic-002636265

projected-23574243-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skalsko%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29

Skalsko (Mladá Boleslav District)

History

Skalsko is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 400 inhabitants.

The first written mention of Skalsko is from 1352.

wit-train-topic-000226223

projected-23574247-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skorkov%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29

Skorkov (Mladá Boleslav District)

Introduction

Skorkov is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 600 inhabitants.

wit-train-topic-003021786

projected-23574249-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smilovice%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29

Smilovice (Mladá Boleslav District)

Introduction

Smilovice is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 700 inhabitants.

wit-train-topic-005004701

projected-23574253-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sojovice

Sojovice

Introduction

Sojovice is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 600 inhabitants. It lies on the left bank of the River.

wit-train-topic-001361687

projected-17330081-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josh%20Mandel

Josh Mandel

Introduction

Joshua Aaron Mandel (born September 27, 1977) is an American politician who served as the 48th from 2011 to 2019. A member of the , he previously was the for the 17th district from 2007 to 2011. He was the unsuccessful Republican challenger to incumbent in the . In 2016, Mandel announced his intention to challenge Brown yet again in , but later withdrew from the race. In , he ran again for the Senate, but lost the primary nomination to author .

wit-train-topic-001341408

projected-23574270-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukorady%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29

Sukorady (Mladá Boleslav District)

Introduction

Sukorady is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 400 inhabitants.

wit-train-topic-002293571

projected-23574276-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velk%C3%A9%20V%C5%A1elisy

Velké Všelisy

Introduction

Velké Všelisy is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 400 inhabitants.

wit-train-topic-000333320

projected-23574280-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vina%C5%99ice%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29

Vinařice (Mladá Boleslav District)

Introduction

Vinařice is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 300 inhabitants.

wit-train-topic-003362514

projected-17330103-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witherbee%20School

Witherbee School

Introduction

The Witherbee School is a school house on Green End Avenue in . It is a small -story gable-roofed structure, with a projecting section topped by a two-story tower. There are two entrances (one each for boys and girls), leading to separate vestibules, which then lead into the single classroom. The vestibule areas were altered to accommodate indoor plumbing facilities sometime before 1940. The school was built in 1907 for the town by John Coggeshall. It closed in the 1940s, and is now run by the Middletown Historical Society as an educational center. The building was listed on the in 1989.

wit-train-topic-002296025

projected-17330191-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/154th%20Regiment

154th Regiment

Introduction

154th Regiment may refer to: , a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War , a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War , a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War , a unit of the Confederate States (South) Army during the American Civil War , a regiment of the United States Army during World War I , a short-lived regiment of the British Army during World War II , a unit of the United Kingdom Territorial Army, formed in 1967

wit-train-topic-001133363

projected-17330215-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamestown%20Windmill

Jamestown Windmill

Introduction

The Jamestown Windmill is a in within the on North Road north of Weeden Lane. The high windmill was built in 1787 to grind corn after the British occupational forces destroyed the previous mill around the time of the . It operated until 1896. Several renovations were done in the 20th century, and it is maintained by the Jamestown Historical Society. It was added to the in 1973.

wit-train-topic-001774996

projected-23574307-002

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sov%C3%ADnky

Sovínky

History

Sovínky is a market town in in the of the . It has about 300 inhabitants.

The first written mention of Sovínky is from 1360.

wit-train-topic-003096938

projected-20468494-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imero%20Fiorentino

Imero Fiorentino

Introduction

Imero (Immie) Fiorentino (July 12, 1928 – October 1, 2013) was an American lighting designer, considered one of the most respected pioneers and leaders in the American entertainment industry. Beginning his career as a in the , he designed productions for such celebrated series as , , and . Fiorentino's expertise was often called upon by industry professionals throughout the world to consult on the planning and development of major productions, exhibits, museums and architectural projects; from the and and numerous , major concert tours and television specials to the environmental lighting for ’s World Showcase at . His consulting work on major corporate events with clients included: , , , and .

wit-train-topic-004520911

projected-17330308-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yonah%20Martin

Yonah Martin

Introduction

Yonah Martin (née Kim; born April 11, 1965) is a Canadian Senator from . She was appointed by Prime Minister in January 2009, and is the first of to serve in the and the first Korean-Canadian Parliamentarian in Canadian history. She is currently the Deputy Leader of the Opposition in the Senate. She served as Deputy Whip of the Government in the Senate, from May 2011 to August 2013; and has been Co-Chair of the Canada Korea Inter-Parliamentary Friendship Group since 2009.

wit-train-topic-001528323

projected-20468500-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatsa%20Bay

Vatsa Bay

Introduction

Vatsa Bay (Vazza) is a bay on the southern tip of peninsula of , . The area lies far from the main towns and villages in Kefalonia and preserves a rural charm for visitors. There is no public transport, and as a result access has to be by car.

wit-train-topic-003203662

projected-17330316-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis%20de%20Florez

Luis de Florez

Introduction

Luis de Florez (March 4, 1889 − November 1962) was a and a in the that was actively involved in experimental aerospace development projects for the United States Government. As both an active duty and a retired U.S. Navy admiral, de Florez was influential in the development of early , and was a pioneer in the use of "virtual reality" to simulate flight and combat situations in World War II.

wit-train-topic-004735057

projected-17330316-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis%20de%20Florez

Luis de Florez

Biography

Luis de Florez (March 4, 1889 − November 1962) was a and a in the that was actively involved in experimental aerospace development projects for the United States Government. As both an active duty and a retired U.S. Navy admiral, de Florez was influential in the development of early , and was a pioneer in the use of "virtual reality" to simulate flight and combat situations in World War II.

Luis de Florez was from New York City. De Florez attended , and graduated in 1911 with a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering. He wrote his thesis on the subject of an aircraft problem, titled "Thrust of Propellers in Flight." The Admiral de Florez Design and Innovation Award is named after him, and his son, , who was an MIT professor, established a $500,000 fund to foster and encourage activities related to humor at MIT. The de Florez Prize in Human Engineering was established in 1964 at his bequest. De Florez worked in the United States Navy as a career officer in World War I. He worked in the aviation section of the Navy and also on the development of refinery technology. In the 1930s, De Florez also worked as an engineering consultant for various oil companies. His name is on several patents, including a 1918 U.S. patent (#1,264,374) for a "Liquid prism device" with rigid closed sides which included a system for varying the density of a medium filling the prism and thereby varying the refraction of light waves passing through the prism, and a 1930 Canadian patent for the "cracking and distillation of hydrocarbon oils". During World War II, he gave up his business to help solve the Navy's training problems.

wit-train-topic-004356521

projected-23574342-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolumnia%20urophylla

Tolumnia urophylla

Introduction

{{Speciesbox | image = Tolumnia urophylla (as Oncidium urophyllum) - Edwards vol 28 (NS 5) pl 54 (1842).jpg | image_caption = Illustration of Tolumnia urophylla | genus = Tolumnia (plant) | species = urophylla | authority = ( ex ) | synonyms = Oncidium urophyllum ex ()Oncidium urophyllum f. flavum }}Tolumnia urophylla'' is a species of to the .

wit-train-topic-005229558

projected-06901786-002

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustang%20Band

Mustang Band

Timeline

The Cal Poly Mustang Band, also known as The Pride of the Pacific, is the official of in the city of . Although the band is not a competitive marching band they serve as a school spirit organization. The band functions in two different forms throughout the year. In the fall the band marches as The Mustang Marching Band and during Cal Poly's winter quarter they function as a pep band. The band attends many athletic events during the year to encourage the school's athletic teams and audience support/involvement. The marching band is well-known around campus as an exciting and spirited group that brings pep, passion, and tradition to every performance. The marching band is conducted by three directors: Christopher J. Woodruff (Director of Bands), Nicholas P. Waldron (Associate Director), and Len Kawamoto (Assistant Director).

1916: Marching band established. 1916: First band director was D.W. Scholosser. 1921: First women join the band. 1936: Harold P. "Davy" Davidson used white ducks and FFA jackets as uniforms 1936: Broke tradition of marches for ; half time shows began to emphasize popular music 1958: Began concert Band tours 1960: First women join band since 1921 and first women's band uniforms purchased 1961: First Dixieland Band, First , Lettergirls formed 1966: First indoor concert of the Marching Band (Band-O-Rama) 1978: Brass Band formed. Marching Band played their first professional basketball game for the at . 1983: Performed in the Fetes de Geneve Music Festival in Geneva, Switzerland. 1994: Band suspended. 1995: "Stadium" band reinstated; plays in the stands only 1996: Full Marching Band reinstated, now known as the Mustang Band 1998: Len Kawamoto is appointed as the assistant director of the Mustang Band 2006: Christopher Woodruff is appointed as director of the Mustang Band and associate director of bands 2010: New director of bands Andrew McMahan appointed 2014: First Performance at the San Francisco Chinese New Year Parade 2015-2016: Cal Poly band program celebrates 100th anniversary 2018: Christopher Woodruff is appointed as Cal Poly director of bands 2019: Nicholas P. Waldron is appointed as director of the Mustang Band and associate director of bands

wit-train-topic-003457896

projected-17330400-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michler%27s%20ketone

Michler's ketone

Introduction

Michler's ketone is an with the formula of [(CH3)2NC6H4]2CO. This electron-rich derivative of is an intermediate in the production of dyes and pigments, for example . It is also used as a . It is named after the German chemist .

wit-train-topic-001094824

projected-23574344-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altar%20of%20Plagues

Altar of Plagues

Introduction

Altar of Plagues were an Irish band, founded in Cork by James Kelly. After gaining attention in the metal community with a series of self recorded demos and EPs, the band released their first studio album, , in April 2009 on . Following a year of gigging and some changes to the lineup, the group announced their signing with in January 2010. They released their second album Mammal in 2011, with US/Can and ROW editions featuring alternate artworks. The album was followed by subsequent touring, including a European headline tour and festival appearances. They played the third annual in , USA which took place 6–8 September 2012. Their third album, Teethed Glory and Injury was released in 2013 and met largely with critical acclaim. of the Needle Drop placed it at #3 on The Needle Drop's "Top-50 Albums of 2013" and later placed it at #56 on the "Top 200 Albums of the 2010s. named it #2 on "Terrorizer 50 Albums Of The Year 2013". On 15 June 2013, the band announced via Facebook that they were splitting up and that their final live performance would be at the Unsound Festival in Poland in October. However, in January 2015, after having teased it for weeks, Altar of Plagues announced a few shows to take place in early 2015. Subsequently, in late 2015, the band announced it would embark on one last tour across mainland Europe with fellow Irish band Malthusian (with whom Altar of Plagues' drummer Johnny King also plays). Their final performance was at the . James Kelly now releases music under the name while Johnny King drums for .

wit-train-topic-002133564

projected-20468585-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomelatomidae

Pseudomelatomidae

Introduction

Pseudomelatomidae is a of s, marine gastropods included in the superfamily (previously Conacea) and part of the (). In 1995 Kantor elevated the subfamily Pseudomelatominae to the status of family Pseudomelatomidae. In 2011 , Kantor et al. moved the and and numerous genera of snails loosely called (which at that point had been placed in the family ) and placed them in the family Pseudomelatomidae. This was based on a analysis of shell , , anatomical characters, and a dataset of molecular sequences of three fragments.

wit-train-topic-002750063

projected-06901807-003

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitchell%20High%20School%2C%20Stoke-on-Trent

Mitchell High School, Stoke-on-Trent

Grammar school

Mitchell High School was a located in , , England.

was a co-educational based in the centre of Stoke on Trent which opened under its name in 1905. In 1938, the girls moved to Thistley Hough High School for Girls. In 1940, because of mining subsidence, the school was moved and became a bi-lateral school from 1948 to 1953 with Secondary Modern School (became High School and closed in 1988). It moved to the outskirts of Stoke on the A52 in Bucknall in 1953.

wit-train-topic-001729337

projected-17330527-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arc%C3%A1ngel

Arcángel

Introduction

Austin Agustín Santos (born December 23, 1985), better known by his stage name Arcángel, is an American rapper, singer and songwriter. He was born in to parents. In 2002, he was interested in becoming a performer of , a contemporary Latin American urban music genre. While living in Puerto Rico, he eventually formed part of a popular then-underground reggaeton act, . The duo went on to make songs that became popular among reggaeton fans in the United States and Puerto Rico, including "Agresivo", "Sorpresa" and "Mi Fanática" during the mid-2000s. Arcángel went on to release his debut studio album, , in late 2008. The album included songs that were produced in 2008, as well as the produced "", which was produced in 2007 by Dj Nelson and part of the producers album Flow La Discoteka 2. Half of the album also included newly produced tracks, ones including "" and "", which went on to become successful airplay songs on American Latin Urban radio stations across the United States.

wit-train-topic-003509428

projected-06901808-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodeo%20San%20Francisco%20Refinery

Rodeo San Francisco Refinery

Introduction

The San Francisco Refinery is an complex located in and in , in the and . These two locations, although more than 200 miles apart, are considered one location. They are directly connected by a 200-mile pipeline. The refinery is currently owned and operated by , a downstream company with midstream and chemical businesses spun off from in 2012. The complex is capable of refining of per day.

wit-train-topic-004931552

projected-17330528-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Antoine%20Carrel

Jean-Antoine Carrel

Introduction

Jean-Antoine Carrel (1829 – August 1891) was an Italian and . He had made climbs with and was his rival when he attempted to climb the for the first time. Whymper ultimately succeeded in making the mountain's in July 1865 while Carrel led the party that achieved the three days later. Carrel was in the group that became the first Europeans to reach the summit of in 1880. He died from exhaustion when guiding a party on the south side of the Matterhorn.

wit-train-topic-001977409

projected-20468597-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomelatoma%20torosa

Pseudomelatoma torosa

Introduction

Pseudomelatoma torosa is a of , a in the family . Subspecies Pseudomelatoma torosa aurantia Carpenter, 1864

wit-train-topic-001619620

projected-06901855-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reformed%20Church%20of%20the%20Tarrytowns

Reformed Church of the Tarrytowns

Introduction

The Reformed Church of the Tarrytowns in , serves both Tarrytown and . It was constructed in 1837 as an extension of the to serve the Tarrytown community. The new community of Dutch Reformed would have had its own and and shared a minister with the Old Dutch Church of Sleepy Hollow. That church has a similar arrangement with the at dating from 1697 when the Sleepy Hollow community was first recorded as established, though the structure had been completed in 1685 and the community had been there for long before. The Cortlandt Manor community had its own Elders and Deacons but recognized the community at Sleepy Hollow as its head, and regularly went down to the village for services and to record their births and marriages. The community at Tarrytown became independent from Sleepy Hollow in the 1850s and soon after dropped the “Dutch” association from its name. As the Sleepy Hollow community diminished and the Old Dutch Church of Sleepy Hollow became less used, the Tarrytown community adopted the name for their landmark church the Reformed Church of the Tarrytowns, adding that it was a “continuation of the Old Dutch Church of Sleepy Hollow.” Presenting an impressive façade on North Broadway, the structure's steeple remains the highest point on North Broadway and the tallest physical structure in Tarrytown, despite not being built on the heights of the city. The church's porch of four columns supporting an extended pediment offers a refined architectural addition to the business district of historic Tarrytown.

wit-train-topic-002375142

projected-17330564-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallu%20Magalh%C3%A3es

Mallu Magalhães

Introduction

Maria Luiza de Arruda Botelho Pereira de Magalhães (born August 29, 1992), known as Mallu Magalhães (), is a Brazilian singer, songwriter and musician. Mallu first came to prominence through her page, becoming known for her own songs and those of renowned artists. She found herself gracing the covers of major newspapers such as , and , and was featured in , , among others. In the first two years of career, she became the subject of countless blogs, packed shows, attracted critical attention, and had more than 4 million hits on her MySpace page. In 2008 she released her and in 2009 she released her , also self-titled. In 2013 she formed , along with her husband , and the Portuguese drummer Fred Ferreira. Their first album was released in August 2014. Mallu has a daughter, Luísa, born December 28, 2015.

wit-train-topic-003464111

projected-23574353-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interracial%20marriage%20in%20the%20United%20States

Interracial marriage in the United States

Historical background

Interracial marriage in the United States has been legal throughout the since at least the 1967 () decision (1967) that held that were unconstitutional via the adopted in 1868. Chief Justice wrote in the court opinion that "the freedom to marry, or not marry, a person of another race resides with the individual, and cannot be infringed by the State." The number of s as a proportion of new marriages has been increasing from 3% in 1967 to 19% in 2019. Public approval of interracial marriage rose from around 5% in the 1950s to 94% in 2021.

The first "interracial" marriage in what is today the United States was that of the woman today commonly known as , who married tobacco planter in 1614. The first ever law prohibiting interracial marriage was passed by the in 1691. The Quaker married (outside the U.S.) a black enslaved woman that he bought in Cuba. He also had three black common-law enslaved wives; he ted all four. In 1828 he published , reprinted three times, on the benefits of intermarriage, which according to Kingsley produced healthier and more beautiful children, and better citizens. In , where Kingsley lived, he was tolerated until Florida became , for which reason he eventually moved with his family to (today the ). The prospect of black men marrying white women terrified many Americans before the . It was magnified into the greatest threat to society, the result of : According to them, White American women would be raped, defiled, sullied, by these savage jungle beasts. Extramarital "interracial" unions were not rare, most commonly white male and black female (see , , and ), and although restricted to the lower classes unions of black male with white female are not unknown. However, the first legal black-white marriage in the United States was that of African-American professor and a white student, Mary King, in 1853. When their plans to marry were announced, Allen narrowly escaped being . Their marriage was secret, and they left the country immediately for England, never to return. While opposed to slavery, in a speech in in 1858, stated, "I am not, nor ever have been in favor of making voters or jurors of negroes, nor of qualifying them to hold office, nor to intermarry with white people. I as much as any man am in favor of the superior position assigned to the white race". By 1924, the ban on interracial marriage was still in force in 29 states. While interracial marriage had been legal in since 1948, in 1957 actor faced a backlash for his relationship with a white woman, actress . In 1958, Davis briefly married a black woman, actress and dancer Loray White, to protect himself from mob violence. In Social Trends in America and Strategic Approaches to the Negro Problem (1948), Swedish economist ranked the social areas where restrictions were imposed on the freedom of by through , from the least to the most important: basic public facility access, social equality, jobs, courts and police, politics and marriage. This ranking scheme illustrates the manner in which the barriers against fell: Of less importance was the segregation in basic public facilities, which was abolished with the . However, the most tenacious form of legal segregation, the banning of interracial marriage, was not fully lifted until the last were struck down by the under Chief Justice in a unanimous ruling . The court's landmark decision, which was made on June 12, 1967, has been commemorated and celebrated every year on the (June 12) in the United States.

wit-train-topic-005009113

projected-23574353-010

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interracial%20marriage%20in%20the%20United%20States

Interracial marriage in the United States

Asian and White

Interracial marriage in the United States has been legal throughout the since at least the 1967 () decision (1967) that held that were unconstitutional via the adopted in 1868. Chief Justice wrote in the court opinion that "the freedom to marry, or not marry, a person of another race resides with the individual, and cannot be infringed by the State." The number of s as a proportion of new marriages has been increasing from 3% in 1967 to 19% in 2019. Public approval of interracial marriage rose from around 5% in the 1950s to 94% in 2021.

Marriages between s and s are increasingly common for both genders in the United States. Asian Americans of both genders who are U.S.-raised are much more likely to be married to Whites than their non-U.S.-raised counterparts. A 1998 article states 36% of young men born in the United States married White women, and 45% of U.S.-born Asian Pacific American women took White husbands during the year of publication. The 1960 census showed Asian-White was the most common marriages. White women most common intermarriage pairings with Asian American was with Filipino males (12,000), followed by Indian males (11,200), followed by Japanese males (3,500) and Chinese males (3,500). For White males, the most common was with Japanese females (21,700), Indian females (17,500), followed by Filipina females (4,500) and Chinese females (2,900). Anti-miscegenation laws discouraging marriages between Whites and non-Whites were affecting Asian immigrants and their spouses from the late 17th to early 20th century. By 1910, 28 states prohibited certain forms of interracial marriage. Eight states including Arizona, California, Mississippi, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Texas, and Utah extended their prohibitions to include people of Asian descent. The laws of Arizona, California, Mississippi, Texas, and Utah referred to "Mongolians". Asians in California were barred by anti-miscegenation laws from marrying (a group including ). Nevada and Oregon referred to "Chinese," while Montana listed both "Chinese" and "Japanese" persons. For example, a daughter born to an Indian father and mother in in 1680 was classified as a "" and sold into slavery, and the revolutionary 's white American wife, Mary K. Das, was stripped of her American citizenship for her marriage to an " ineligible for citizenship." In 1918, there was controversy in when an Indian farmer married the sixteen-year-old daughter of one of his White tenants. California law did not explicitly bar Filipinos and whites from marrying, a fact brought to wide public attention by the 1933 case ; however, the legislature quickly moved to amend the laws to prohibit such marriages as well in the aftermath of the case. Virginia in addition implicitly forbade marriage between white and Asians in the 1924 Racial Integrity Act, which banned marriages between whites and people who had "a trace whatsoever of any blood other than Caucasian" except for people with 1/16 or less Native American ancestry. Research conducted in the late 1970s in Los Angeles County, California, showed Japanese were, on average, more likely to marry outside of their race compared to Chinese and Koreans in the county. In 1979, 41.2% of Chinese marriages had a spouse of a different race. Koreans had a 27.6% rate of interracial marriages, and Japanese had a rate of 60.6%. The research also showed that, among Asians living in the United States, the percentage of women who married outside their race was higher than the percentage of men. Specifically, Korean-American women are involved in a higher percent of interracial marriages than Chinese or Japanese women. The research considered marriages to other Asians outside a person's ethnicity to be interracial marriages, for example, a Korean marrying a Japanese person.

wit-train-topic-005099022

projected-23574353-011

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interracial%20marriage%20in%20the%20United%20States

Interracial marriage in the United States

Black and White

Interracial marriage in the United States has been legal throughout the since at least the 1967 () decision (1967) that held that were unconstitutional via the adopted in 1868. Chief Justice wrote in the court opinion that "the freedom to marry, or not marry, a person of another race resides with the individual, and cannot be infringed by the State." The number of s as a proportion of new marriages has been increasing from 3% in 1967 to 19% in 2019. Public approval of interracial marriage rose from around 5% in the 1950s to 94% in 2021.

In the United States, there has been a historical disparity between female and Black male ratios: according to the , there were 354,000 White female/Black male and 196,000 Black female/White male marriages in March 2009, representing a ratio of 181:100. This traditional disparity has seen a rapid decline over the last two decades, contrasted with its peak in 1981 when the ratio was still 371:100. In 2007, 4.6% of all married Blacks in the United States were wed to a White partner, and 0.4% of all Whites were married to a Black partner.The role of gender in interracial divorce dynamics, found in social studies by Jenifer L. Bratter and Rosalind B. King, was highlighted when examining marital instability among Black/White unions. White wife/Black husband marriages show twice the divorce rate of White wife/White husband couples by the 10th year of marriage, whereas Black wife/White husband marriages are 44% less likely to end in divorce than White wife/White husband couples over the same period. According to Census Bureau data, in 1985 black men participated in 143,000 interracial marriages (approximately 3% of all married black men in the U.S.). Historically, mixed-race offspring of black and white people such as s and s were often denominated to whichever race was the minority, an example of the "", as a way to maintain the racial hierarchy. When slavery was legal, most mixed children came from an African American mother and white father. Relations between an African American man and white woman were deeply frowned upon, often due to the frequent portrayal of the men as sexual dangers. (By the 1970s, intermarriages flipped to be more common between a white woman and African American man). Once slavery was abolished, intermarriage was more common among higher educated and more affluent African Americans. There became a balance between racial prestige and socioeconomic prestige in intermarriages. Intermarriage between African Americans and whites was seen as the ultimate objective of . They believed these intermarriages were the solution to racism and discrimination. The 1960 and 1970 censuses showed that interracial marriage between black people and white people was least likely to occur in the South and most likely to occur in the West, specifically the West coast. In the 1960 census, 0.8% of black women and 0.6% of black men in the South were married to a white person. Ten years later, 0.5% of black women and 0.5% of black men in the South were married to a white person. By contrast, in the western U.S., 1.6% of black women and 2.1% of black men had white spouses in the 1960 census; the comparable figures in the 1970 census were 1.6% of black women and 4.9% of black men. In the 1980 census, the percentage of black men in the western U.S. in interracial marriages had increased to 16.5%. However, in 2020, births between blacks and whites were much more common in the South than other regions with approximately half occurring there and were least common in the West due to the low black percentage.

wit-train-topic-001688922

projected-23574353-016

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interracial%20marriage%20in%20the%20United%20States

Interracial marriage in the United States

Public opinion

Interracial marriage in the United States has been legal throughout the since at least the 1967 () decision (1967) that held that were unconstitutional via the adopted in 1868. Chief Justice wrote in the court opinion that "the freedom to marry, or not marry, a person of another race resides with the individual, and cannot be infringed by the State." The number of s as a proportion of new marriages has been increasing from 3% in 1967 to 19% in 2019. Public approval of interracial marriage rose from around 5% in the 1950s to 94% in 2021.

Historically, interracial marriage in the United States was subject to great public opposition (often a ), especially among whites. According to opinion polls, by 1986 only one third of Americans approved of interracial marriage in general. In contrast, in 2011, the vast majority of Americans approved of marriages between different races in general, while just 20 years earlier, in 1991, less than half approved. It was only in 1994 when more than half of Americans approved of such marriages in general. The approval/disapproval rate differs between demographic groups (for example by race, gender, age, and socioeconomic and marital status). A 2018 / poll found that 17% of Americans oppose interracial marriage; with 19% of "other" ethnic groups, 18% of blacks, 17% of whites, and 15% of Hispanics opposing. Attitudes towards interracial marriage can vary depending upon the race of the union and the person judging them - for example, black women expressed less approval for black men-white women marriages than the reverse, and Asian men less approval of white men-Asian women marriages than the reverse, seemingly due to concerns over mate competition.

wit-train-topic-000340709

projected-20468721-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thylacodes%20squamigerus

Thylacodes squamigerus

Introduction

Thylacodes squamigerus, the scaled wormsnail, is a of , a in the family , the worm snails. This species was previously known as Serpulorbis squamigerus. This worm snail lives in the Eastern . This species is often cemented into colonies. It has no .

wit-train-topic-001624499

projected-06901877-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMCS%20Stormont%20%28K327%29

HMCS Stormont (K327)

Introduction

HMCS Stormont is a former that served in the during the . She fought primarily in the , but saw service in the . She was named for . After the war she was turned into the luxury yacht by billionaire . She continues to sail. Stormont was ordered October 1941 as part of the 1942–1943 River-class building program. She was laid down on 23 December 1942 by at and launched 14 July 1943. She was commissioned into the RCN at on 27 November 1943 with the pennant K327.

wit-train-topic-000758893

projected-06901877-003

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMCS%20Stormont%20%28K327%29

HMCS Stormont (K327)

Civilian use

HMCS Stormont is a former that served in the during the . She fought primarily in the , but saw service in the . She was named for . After the war she was turned into the luxury yacht by billionaire . She continues to sail. Stormont was ordered October 1941 as part of the 1942–1943 River-class building program. She was laid down on 23 December 1942 by at and launched 14 July 1943. She was commissioned into the RCN at on 27 November 1943 with the pennant K327.

Originally sold in 1947 for conversion to a merchant ship, Stormont was re-sold to shipping magnate in 1951. She underwent a four million dollar rebuild as the luxury yacht , named after his daughter . She was sent to for the rebuild. Christina was fitted with a full-sized swimming pool, a spiral staircase and 19 lavish staterooms. It became a popular destination for celebrities and was the site of the wedding reception of and the actress, . After Aristotle Onassis' death in 1975, his daughter Christina inherited the vessel, and donated it to the Greek government in 1978 to serve as a presidential yacht. As such, she was rechristened Argo and was, over time, allowed to decay and deteriorate. In 1998, she was purchased by another Greek shipowner, , who restored her and renamed her into Christina O. As of 2013, she was still in operation.

wit-train-topic-003287963

projected-06901878-002

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armar%20Lowry-Corry%2C%203rd%20Earl%20Belmore

Armar Lowry-Corry, 3rd Earl Belmore

Family

Armar Lowry-Corry, 3rd Earl Belmore (28 December 1801 – 17 December 1845), styled Viscount Corry from 1802 to 1841, was an Irish nobleman and politician.

Lord Belmore married Emily Louise Shepherd, youngest daughter and co-heiress of William Shepherd, of Brabourne, Kent, by his wife Anne Lovel Dawson, daughter of Thomas Dawson, of Edwardstone Hall, Suffolk, and had issue: (9 April 1835 – 6 April 1913), his heir Admiral Hon. Armar Lowry-Corry (25 May 1836 – 1 August 1919), who was married on 8 February 1868 to Geraldine King-King (d. 8 January 1905), fifth daughter of , of Staunton Park, Hereford, by his wife Mary Cochrane Mackenzie, fourth daughter of Kenneth Francis Mackenzie and sister of , and had issue Hon. Frederick Cecil George Lowry-Corry (24 June 1839 – 12 May 1855) Hon. Mary Emma Lowry-Corry (1840–1854) Hon. Emily Margaret Lowry-Corry (1844–1864) Colonel Hon. (30 June 1845 – 6 May 1927), who was married on 21 September 1876 to Hon. Blanche Edith Wood (d. 21 July 1921), third daughter of , by his wife Lady Mary Grey, fifth daughter of , and had issue Lord Belmore died at Castle Coole on 17 December 1845, aged 43, and was buried at in Northern Ireland. Lady Belmore died in 1904, aged 90, and was buried at St Mary's church in , Suffolk. There is memorial to them both in the church.

wit-train-topic-000513092

projected-17330576-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1534%20N%C3%A4si

1534 Näsi

Introduction

1534 Näsi, provisional designation , is a carbonaceous from the middle region of the , approximately 20 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 20 January 1939, by Finnish astronomer at in Southwest Finland, and later named for the Finnish lake .

wit-train-topic-005107351

projected-20468749-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shea%20Ralph

Shea Ralph

Introduction

Shea Sydney Ralph (born March 12, 1978) is a former player and current head coach for the team. She was previously an assistant coach at from 2008 to 2021. Ralph was proficient in multiple sports, set state high school records in basketball, and earned multiple national player of the year awards in high school and college. She helped win a national championship as a player at the University of Connecticut in 2000 and won numerous individual awards, including the Sports Illustrated for Women Player of the Year and the for the best collegiate female athlete in basketball. She suffered five in her career, two of which led to sitting out the 1997–98 season. Ralph was drafted by the WNBA , but recurring knee problems prevented her from embarking on a professional career. Ralph started her coaching career as an assistant coach at the in 2003.

wit-train-topic-004691371

projected-06901958-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander%20Wittek

Alexander Wittek

Introduction

Alexander Wittek (12 October 1852, – 11 May 1894, ) was an architect and master. As an architect, Wittek worked in during . His most well-known works in are the City Hall building called "" (1892–1894) which later became the National Library and the public fountain (1891), both of which were built in the . Wittek was also a chess master. He tied for 5–6th at Berlin 1881 (2nd DSB–Congress, won), and was in 9th place at Vienna 1882 ( and won). In 1882 he was ranked 9th in the world. Wittek died in a in Graz in 1894, having been diagnosed with a "paralytic mental disorder" the previous year. One source says that he committed but another cites .

wit-train-topic-002990170

projected-06901965-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans%20von%20Pechmann

Hans von Pechmann

Introduction

Hans von Pechmann (1 April 1850 – 19 April 1902) was a German , renowned for his discovery of in 1894. and . He also first prepared s (e.g., ), , and ; established the symmetrical structure of . Von Pechmann also produced the first example of solid ly in 1898, via the decomposition of diazomethane. He was born in . After studying with at the he became Professor at the till 1895. He was professor at the from 1895 until his death. He killed himself by taking cyanide, aged 52.

wit-train-topic-001726113

projected-06901969-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lerryn

Lerryn

Introduction

Lerryn (, archaically Lerrin) is a village in , United Kingdom. It is situated on the (a tributary of the ) approximately three miles (5 km) southeast of . Lerryn straddles two parishes: north of the river it is in parish and south of the river in parish. The river is tidal up to the village and there are stepping-stones across the river which are crossable at .

wit-train-topic-002820843

projected-06901969-004

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lerryn

Lerryn

Ethy

Lerryn (, archaically Lerrin) is a village in , United Kingdom. It is situated on the (a tributary of the ) approximately three miles (5 km) southeast of . Lerryn straddles two parishes: north of the river it is in parish and south of the river in parish. The river is tidal up to the village and there are stepping-stones across the river which are crossable at .

For the Ethy Hoard, see above: History Ethy House is set in a landscaped park sloping down to the River Lerryn. The estate is of medieval origin and was developed in the 16th century by the Courtneys of Devon. The present house is a mid-19th-century remodelling of an 18th-century house which may have been by John Eveleigh of Lostwithiel. The southeast front is plain and of two storeys and seven bays. Ethy House, including the garden walls to north and east, is a Grade II* listed building.

wit-train-topic-001790578

projected-06901985-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Glimm

James Glimm

Introduction

James Gilbert Glimm (born March 24, 1934) is an American , former president of the , and distinguished professor at . He has made many contributions in the areas of pure and .

wit-train-topic-003046262

projected-06901997-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lookout

Lookout

Introduction

A lookout or look-out is a person in charge of the observation of hazards. The term originally comes from a naval background, where lookouts would watch for other ships, land, and various dangers. The term has now passed into wider parlance.

wit-train-topic-000346038

projected-06902014-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cullen%20Murphy

Cullen Murphy

Introduction

John Cullen Murphy, Jr. (born September 1, 1952) is an American writer, journalist and editor who was managing editor of magazine from 1985 to 2006. He was born in , in 1952, a son of illustrator and cartoonist . He grew up in . His family moved to for several years, including 1966, the 50th anniversary of the . He was educated at , from which he graduated with honors in in 1974. Murphy's first magazine job was in the paste-up department of Change, a magazine devoted to higher education. He became an editor of in 1977. From the mid-1970s until 2004 he worked with his father, , as writer for the , for which his father produced the artwork. He is also the author of The Word According to Eve: Women and the Bible in Ancient Times and Our Own (1999); Are We Rome? (2007), which compares the politics and culture of with that of the contemporary United States; God's Jury: The Inquisition and the Making of the Modern World (2012); and Cartoon County: My Father and His Friends in the Golden Age of Make-Believe (2017), a history of the cartoonists and illustrators from the Connecticut School. He currently serves as editor at large for and lives in Massachusetts. He is on the advisory board of the literary magazine , based at . He has three children: Jack, Anna, and Tim.

wit-train-topic-004061469

projected-17330749-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5th%20Mahratta%20Light%20Infantry

5th Mahratta Light Infantry

Introduction

The 5th Mahratta Light Infantry was a regiment of the . It was formed in 1922, when the Indian government reformed the army moving from single battalion regiments to multi battalion regiments. The regiment fought in and raised 30 battalions. After the war it was allocated to the in 1947, being renamed the .

wit-train-topic-002115586

projected-17330888-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem%20Brakman

Willem Brakman

Introduction

Willem Pieter Jacobus Brakman (13 June 19228 May 2008) was a Dutch writer who made his literary debut with the novel Een winterreis in 1961. Brakman received the in 1980. He was born on 13 June 1922 in , and died on 8 May 2008 in the same country.

wit-train-topic-002198158

projected-20468815-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%20George%20Wharf

St George Wharf

Introduction

St George Wharf is a riverside development in , , , , located on the southern bank of the beside . St George Wharf Pier is a calling point for riverboat RB2 and RB6 services. The is located between the road junction and the river, and is near . The , one of the Thames' many , empties into the river close by. This development should not be confused with the smaller St George's Wharf which is in , London SE1, close to Tower Bridge.

wit-train-topic-003903828

projected-20468835-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block%20Drug

Block Drug

Introduction

Block Drug Company was a company based in , , that specialized in dental care products. Its most popular products included Polident denture cleanser, Poli-Grip denture adhesive, Dentu-Creme denture toothpaste, , Tegrin medicated shampoo for , hand soaps (acquired from ), and anti-gas products, Balmex diaper rash ointments, and desensitizing toothpaste. purchased the company for $1.24 billion in 2001.

wit-train-topic-002553759

projected-44499720-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%20Balvin%20discography

J Balvin discography

Introduction

Colombian singer has released 5 s, one collaborative album, three s, three , sixty-nine , thirty featured singles, and ten s. He is one of the best-selling Latin artists, with over 45 million singles and over 4 million album sales (specially based on US sales) In 2009, Balvin released his single "Ella Me Cautivó", becoming his first song to chart in the United States, which serves as the first single from his debut album Real that was released in 2009 and received a Gold certification. In the beginning of 2012, he released a mixtape that includes some singles and new songs, only released in the US and Mexico. On April 24, 2012, Balvin released "", the first single from his the -upcoming album, the song was number one in Colombia for eight non-consecutive weeks and became his first charting entry on the chart, peaking at number 13, and also became a hit in Romania. The second single, "", was a top ten hit in four countries and peaked at the top of the charts in Greece. This resulted in the release of a remix featuring Greek-Albanian singer . In 2013, he released the third single "" that was number one in Colombia and charted in Bulgaria. On October 15, 2013, he released "", which features , ane was later sent to Latin radio and received heavy rotation, becoming his first number one on the chart, and peaked at number three at Billboard Latin Songs chart. The song was certified Gold in Mexico and Spain. That October 2013, Balvin released his first studio album , which peaked at number ten on the chart, topped the chart and received seven Platinum and two Gold certifications. In 2014, he released the fifth single "La Venganza". An expanded version of La Familia, subtitled , was released on September 16, 2014, that spawned the hit single "", that eventually topped the charts in Colombia, Dominican Republic and the Latin Rhythm Songs chart.

wit-train-topic-002173340

projected-20468935-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lefkowitz%20v.%20Great%20Minneapolis%20Surplus%20Store%2C%20Inc

Lefkowitz v. Great Minneapolis Surplus Store, Inc

Introduction

Lefkowitz v. Great Minneapolis Surplus Store, Inc 86 NW 2d 689 (Minn, 1957) is an case. It concerns the distinction between an offer and an . The case held that a clear, definite, explicit and non-negotiable advertisement constitutes an offer, acceptance of which creates a binding contract. Furthermore, it held that an advertisement which did not clarify the terms of its bargains, such as with , could not then be modified with arbitrary house rules.

wit-train-topic-000049007

projected-20468954-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takami%20Dam

Takami Dam

Introduction

Takami Dam is a in , . It has an electrical generation output of 200MW.

wit-train-topic-004121868

projected-23574418-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge%20Antibody%20Technology

Cambridge Antibody Technology

Introduction

Cambridge Antibody Technology (officially Cambridge Antibody Technology Group Plc, informally CAT) was a biotechnology company headquartered in , England, United Kingdom. Its core focus was on antibody therapeutics, primarily using and technology. was used by CAT to create , the first fully human antibody blockbuster drug. , the brand name of adalimumab, is an anti-TNF antibody discovered by CAT as D2E7, then developed in the clinic and marketed by , formerly . CAT was also behind , the anti-BlyS antibody drug marketed as and the first new approved drug for systemic lupus in more than 50 years. In 2018, the Nobel Prize organisation awarded one quarter of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry to a founding member of CAT, "for the phage display of peptides and antibodies.". Founded in 1989, CAT was acquired by for £702m in 2006. AstraZeneca subsequently acquired LLC, which it combined with CAT to form a global biologics R&D division called MedImmune. CAT was often described as the 'jewel in the crown' of the British biotechnology industry and during the latter years of its existence was the subject of frequent acquisition speculation.

wit-train-topic-002437876

projected-06902100-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chionanthus%20virginicus

Chionanthus virginicus

Introduction

Chionanthus virginicus (white fringetree) is a tree native to the savannas and lowlands of the southeastern , from south to , and west to and .

wit-train-topic-001377864

projected-06902100-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chionanthus%20virginicus

Chionanthus virginicus

Growth

Chionanthus virginicus (white fringetree) is a tree native to the savannas and lowlands of the southeastern , from south to , and west to and .

It is a or small growing to as much as tall, though ordinarily less. The is scaly, brown tinged with red. The s are light green, downy at first, later becoming light brown or orange. The buds are light brown, ovate, acute, long. The are opposite, simple, ovate or oblong, long and broad, with a long, and an entire margin; they are hairless above, and finely downy below, particularly along the veins, and turn yellow in fall. The richly-scented s have a pure white, deeply four-lobed , the lobes thread-like, long and broad; they are produced in drooping axillary s long when the leaves are half grown, in mid- to late May in New York City, earlier in the south. It is usually , though occasional plants bear flowers of both sexes. The is an ovoid dark blue to purple long, containing a single (rarely two or three), mature in late summer to mid fall.

wit-train-topic-001892854

projected-06902101-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billings%20Refinery%20%28Phillips%2066%29

Billings Refinery (Phillips 66)

Introduction

The Billings Refinery is an located in . The refinery is currently owned and operated by . Completed in 1947, the refinery covers .

wit-train-topic-001071184

projected-20469036-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takisato%20Dam

Takisato Dam

Introduction

The Takisato Dam is a on the in west central , Japan.

wit-train-topic-003020785

projected-23574428-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holbrook%20%28electoral%20division%29

Holbrook (electoral division)

Introduction

Holbrook is an of in the and returns one member to sit on . The current County Councillor, Peter Catchpole, is also Cabinet Member for Adults' Services.

wit-train-topic-003165204

projected-23574439-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolumnia%20variegata

Tolumnia variegata

Introduction

Tolumnia variegata, the harlequin dancing-lady orchid, is a species of to the . It is the most widespread species of the genus, ranging from the Virgin Islands in the eastern Caribbean westward to Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Cuba and the Cayman Islands. Plants occur mostly on small branches of shrubs and small trees, often in secondary habitats, in dry to wet regions from near sea level to 800 m elevation. It is not found in Jamaica.

wit-train-topic-001220747

projected-44499812-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jose%20P.%20Laurel%20Residence

Jose P. Laurel Residence

Introduction

The Jose P. Laurel Residence or Villa Pacencia is a historic house located at 515 Shaw Boulevard in , Metro Manila. The three-story house was built in 1957 and was one of the three houses owned by the President of the , . In 1965, two historical markers were installed at the house entrance. The first marker was placed by the in recognition of the building as the official residence of Jose P. Laurel. The second marker notes of the First Indonesian President 's stay in the mansion during a Manila Conference on August 5, 1963.

wit-train-topic-002998888

projected-23574464-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbana%2C%20Italy

Barbana, Italy

Introduction

Barbana is a small island located at the northern end of the , near in north-east Italy. It is the site of the Santuario di Barbana, an ancient , whose origins date back to 582 when , the , built a church near the hut of a from named Barbanus. The island, which can be easily reached by ferry from nearby Grado, is populated by a small community of s.

wit-train-topic-002337943

projected-23574464-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbana%2C%20Italy

Barbana, Italy

History of the shrine

Barbana is a small island located at the northern end of the , near in north-east Italy. It is the site of the Santuario di Barbana, an ancient , whose origins date back to 582 when , the , built a church near the hut of a from named Barbanus. The island, which can be easily reached by ferry from nearby Grado, is populated by a small community of s.

The foundation of the shrine originates from an image of the carried in by the sea and found at the foot of an after a fierce storm. At that time the site was part of the mainland; the Grado Lagoon was formed between the 5th and 7th centuries. From the foundation to around 1000, Barbana became an island and the shrine was served by a community of s unique to the island, called the Barbitani. The original church was destroyed by floods and rebuilt. The image of Mary, too, was lost and in the 11th century was replaced by a wooden statue known as the Madonna mora. This is now housed in the Domus Mariae (House of Mary), a near the main church. In the 11th century, the care of the shrine was entrusted to s, who served there until the 15th century. They were succeeded by a Franciscan community who built a new church in the 18th century.

wit-train-topic-003428483

projected-23574464-002

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbana%2C%20Italy

Barbana, Italy

Art and architecture

Barbana is a small island located at the northern end of the , near in north-east Italy. It is the site of the Santuario di Barbana, an ancient , whose origins date back to 582 when , the , built a church near the hut of a from named Barbanus. The island, which can be easily reached by ferry from nearby Grado, is populated by a small community of s.

The modern church was built in the style at the beginning of the 20th century. Ancient remains include two Roman columns from the first church, and a 10th-century relief portraying Jesus. The crowned statue of Mary dates from the 15th century, while the 17th century is represented by several altars and paintings, including one from the school of . In the wood near the church a small chapel (the Cappella dell'apparizione) was built in 1854 in the place where the original image of Mary was found. The of the church is supported by a figure of the , sculpted in red marble. It is the work of , a Franciscan friar and noted religious artist of the mid-20th century. He has been by the Catholic Church and is being considered for .

wit-train-topic-002290259

projected-06902187-002

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrox%20Mystique

Matrox Mystique

Overview

The Mystique and Mystique 220 were 2D, 3D, and video accelerator cards for designed by , using the . The original Mystique was introduced in 1996, with the slightly upgraded Mystique 220 having been released in 1997.

The Mystique was a 2D and video accelerator (MGA1064SG) with 3D acceleration support. Mystique has "" (MSI) rendering . It was one of many early products by add-in graphics board vendors that attempted to achieve good combined 2D & 3D performance for consumer-level personal computers. The board used a 64-bit memory interface (Synchronous Graphics RAM) instead of the more expensive (Window RAM) aboard the Matrox Millennium. SGRAM offered performance approaching WRAM, but it was cheaper. Mystique came in configurations ranging from 2 SGRAM up to 8 MB. Mystique also had various ports on the card for memory expansion and additional hardware peripherals. The 8 MB configuration used the memory expansion module. Add-on cards from Matrox included the Rainbow Runner Video, a board offering and video playback with video inputs and outputs. The other add-on was called Rainbow Runner TV, an -based for watching TV on PC. Mystique's 2D performance was very close to that of the much more expensive Millennium card, especially at 1024x768 resolution and lower, where the SGRAM bandwidth was not a performance hindrance. The Mystique used an internal 170 MHz , reduced from the external 220 MHz RAMDAC onboard Millennium, making it the first Matrox video processor using an internal RAMDAC. The frequency reduction affected the maximum the card could run at high resolutions, crippling the Mystique for users of displays running 1600x1200, for example. Its 2D performance was measured as excellent, beating its peers such as the -based and the -based video cards. Mystique was Matrox's most 3D accelerator in 1997, but still lacked key features including , , and anti-aliasing support. Instead, the Mystique uses , causing heavy pixelization in textures, and for transparency. Without mipmapping support, textures in the distance appear to "swim", waving around and appearing "noisy", because the texture detail wasn't being properly managed and this caused texture . The company's reasoning for not including the higher-quality features was that performance was more important than visual quality. At the time, processes and 3D hardware architecture design expertise was limited. Including bilinear filtering would have incurred a significant cost in the chip's transistor budget for more computational resources and potentially reduce graphics core clock speed and performance due to a larger chip design. There was also the manufacturing cost consideration that comes with a larger processor size. Matrox's words were not without weight because the Mystique did handily outperform the other 2D/3D boards at the time, such as S3 ViRGE and early products, although its visual quality was lower than those accelerators. In general, compared to its peers, the Matrox Mystique was a competent board with its own set of advantages and disadvantages as was typical in this era of early 3D accelerators. It performed well for an early 2D/3D combo card, but it had questionable 3D visual quality. Its 2D support rivaled the best cards available for performance and quality, however. It was not uncommon to pair up the Mystique or another Matrox card with a Graphics 3D-only board because the Voodoo cards were the fastest and most well-supported 3D accelerators at the time. Detractors, however, referred to the card as the "Matrox Mystake". Driver support for the Mystique was robust at launch. The card directly supported all of Microsoft's operating systems including MS-DOS, , , and . Mystique also supported IBM's operating system. The retail version of Mystique included 3 3D game titles, including: Mystique edition, , and .

wit-train-topic-000075358

projected-06902187-003

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrox%20Mystique

Matrox Mystique

Mystique 220

The Mystique and Mystique 220 were 2D, 3D, and video accelerator cards for designed by , using the . The original Mystique was introduced in 1996, with the slightly upgraded Mystique 220 having been released in 1997.

Matrox released a newer version of the Mystique in 1997. The name gives the only significant change, that being the RAMDAC running at 220 MHz . This made the Mystique equivalent to the original Millennium for high-resolution 2D resolution support. The chip on the board was called MGA1164SG instead of MGA1064SG (original Mystique) as well. Otherwise, the card was identical in feature-set to the original Mystique and offered almost identical performance. A special business-oriented version of Mystique 220, called Mystique 220 Business, was launched as well. This card came with a different software bundle targeting business users and excluding the games. The actual hardware was identical.

wit-train-topic-003794357

projected-17331162-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave-formed%20ripple

Wave-formed ripple

Introduction

In , wave-formed ripples or wave-formed ripple marks are a feature of s (s, s, s) and s. These s are often characterised (and thus distinguished from ) by symmetric s and long relatively straight crests, which may commonly bifurcate. Commonly, these crests can be truncated by subsequent flows. Their wavelength (periodicity) depends on the sediment grain size, water depth and water-particle orbits in the waves. On s the pattern of wave-formed ripples may be complicated, as a product of changing depth and wind and directions. Symmetrical ripples are commonly found in shallow waters. Beaches are a good place to find these ripples. While wave-formed ripples are traditionally described as symmetrical, asymmetric wave ripples are common in shallow waters along sandy shores. They are produced by bottom oscillations generated by passing s, which have unequal intensity in opposite directions. Wave-formed ripples indicate an environment with weak currents where water motion is dominated by wave oscillations. Although symmetrical ripples are also called bi-directional ripples there is a difference between them. Bi-directional ripples are rarely symmetrical due to the difference in force of the two directions, where as the wave formed or oscillation ripples form from the circular water movement pattern of water molecules. These ripples form parallel to the shore line. They usually display rounded troughs and rounded crests.

wit-train-topic-000281263

projected-17331227-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faculty%20of%20Teacher%20Education%2C%20University%20of%20Zagreb

Faculty of Teacher Education, University of Zagreb

Introduction

The Faculty of Teacher Education at the is a faculty which focusses on the education of teachers and preschool teachers. Apart from its central location in , it has facilities in and . The first teacher's school in Zagreb was the Higher Pedagogical School which offered a two-year program from 1919. In the the program was extended to four years, but was shorted to three after the . It became the Pedagogical Academy in 1960, and upon n independence the academy gradually evolved into the modern faculty. According to Croatia's Parliamentary Commission for Verification of War and Post-War Crimes the faculty's grounds in Zagreb were the site of a mass grave of approximately 300 prisoners killed by the in 1945, after the end of the Second World War. After a public education campaign in 2008 by concerned groups, Croatian authorities launched an investigation into the site.

wit-train-topic-002709350

projected-23574478-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexis%20Perrey

Alexis Perrey

Introduction

Alexis Perrey (1807–1882) was a historical French and compiler of earthquake catalogs. He is considered a pioneer in this area, having published a paper on earthquakes in as early as 1848, in the journal . He continued to post annual observations on Algerian earthquakes until 1871. He suspected a correlation between the moon and seismic activity on earth, and developed his theory with the use of statistics. He found that earth tremors occurred most frequently during full and new moons, when the earth is between the sun and moon, when the moon is between the earth and sun, and when the moon is closest in its orbit to the earth. He also found indications in some cases that the moon had crossed the meridian of affected locales at the time of the earthquake.

wit-train-topic-003176871

projected-20469044-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris%20Leroux

Chris Leroux

Introduction

Christopher Adam Leroux (born April 14, 1984) is a Canadian former and television personality. He played for the , , and in (MLB) and for the of (NPB). Leroux also competed for the in international competitions.

wit-train-topic-000716969

projected-20469044-005

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris%20Leroux

Chris Leroux

Florida Marlins

Christopher Adam Leroux (born April 14, 1984) is a Canadian former and television personality. He played for the , , and in (MLB) and for the of (NPB). Leroux also competed for the in international competitions.

On May 23, 2009, Leroux was recalled by the Marlins. He made his MLB debut three days later against the . He was optioned the next day when was recalled. He rejoined the Marlins when went on the disabled list. In his third appearance, he recorded his first MLB strikeout, which was of . In 5 games with the Marlins, he had a 10.80 ERA with two strikeouts in innings Leroux opened 2010 with the of the (PCL), but was recalled on April 14. Leroux was placed on the 15-day disabled list on May 19 with a right elbow strain. He missed 26 games, and was subsequently assigned to New Orleans. He was recalled on September 3 when the rosters expanded.

wit-train-topic-005021075

projected-20469044-007

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris%20Leroux

Chris Leroux

Tokyo Yakult Swallows

Christopher Adam Leroux (born April 14, 1984) is a Canadian former and television personality. He played for the , , and in (MLB) and for the of (NPB). Leroux also competed for the in international competitions.

On April 23, 2013, Leroux signed with the of the of .

wit-train-topic-004391917

projected-20469075-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobetsu%20Dam

Tobetsu Dam

Introduction

Tobetsu Dam is a currently under construction in , . It started in 1980 and is scheduled for opening in 2012.

wit-train-topic-004146762