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projected-17329115-008
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migron%2C%20Mateh%20Binyamin
Migron, Mateh Binyamin
Yesh Din petition
Migron () is an in the Binyamin Region of the , located within 2 km of a former outpost by the same name, that was relocated to its present site on 2 September 2012. The outpost was located 14 kilometers north of , it fell under the jurisdiction of the . It was the largest outpost of its kind, with a population of 300. The council says it was founded in 1999 and re-founded in 2001, on land registered before 1967 by the villagers of . The Israeli government contributed 4.3 million from the to build Migron. The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this. Responding to a petition filed in 2006 by , Israel's ruled on 2 August 2011 that Migron was illegally built on lands belonging to Palestinians and ordered Israel to dismantle the outpost by April 2012. The decided not to obey the court order, and instead pursued an agreement with the settlers that gave them time to delay the move until 30 November 2015. However, on 25 March 2012 the High Court reaffirmed its earlier ruling, noting the government had admitted it was built on privately owned Palestinian land, and ordered the to evacuate Migron by 1 August 2012, while making clear that this court ruling is an obligation, not a choice. On 2 September 2012 the evacuation of Migron was complete, after the residents had agreed to relocate to a new site a few hundred meters south of the former location. The site, built by the government in great haste, consists of 50 prefabricated housing units built on state land, and has a status of a government-approved settlement.
In early September 2011, a force of approximately one thousand police officers destroyed three illegal permanent structures in Migron, arresting six youths among the 200 protesting settlers. The three buildings were ordered to be destroyed by the Supreme Court, following a petition issued by the Israeli human rights group . Shortly after the demolition, a in the West Bank village of , south of , was set on fire, according to Palestinian sources by Israeli settlers. Elyakim Levanon, Regional Rabbi of the declared in August 2012 that "Whoever raises a hand on Migron – his hand will be cut off."
[]
[ "History", "Juridical actions", "Yesh Din petition" ]
[ "Religious Israeli settlements", "Unauthorized Israeli settlements", "Mateh Binyamin Regional Council", "Populated places established in 1999", "1999 establishments in the Palestinian territories" ]
wit-train-topic-001779273
projected-17329164-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bourne%20Mill
Bourne Mill
Introduction
The Bourne Mill is an historic on the border between and . The various buildings in the cotton mill complex were completed from 1881 to 1951 and added to the in 2006. The Bourne corporation had a unique profit sharing arrangement based upon Jonathan Bourne's experience in the industry. The company treasurer, George A. Chace, designed the original mill building. Although only a very small part of the property is located in the complex is generally grouped and referenced with the mills of that city. After lying dormant for decades, the Bourne Mill was converted into 166 apartments, which were completed in early 2009. In September 2009, an arsonist set fire to the former detached picker house near the main mill, which had also been scheduled to be redeveloped.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island", "Textile mills in Fall River, Massachusetts", "Buildings and structures in Tiverton, Rhode Island", "Cotton mills in the United States", "Industrial buildings completed in 1881", "National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island", "1881 establishments in Rhode Island" ]
wit-train-topic-000071735
projected-44499638-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamze%20Bezan
Gamze Bezan
Introduction
Gamze Bezan (born 31 August 1994) is a Turkish , who last played in the for with jersey number 22. In 2010, she played for the . She is studying physical education and sports in .
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Living people", "1994 births", "Sportspeople from Trabzon", "Turkish women's footballers", "Trabzonspor women's players", "Trabzon İdmanocağı women's players", "Women's association football midfielders", "İlkadım Belediyespor players" ]
wit-train-topic-000278246
projected-44499638-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamze%20Bezan
Gamze Bezan
Club
Gamze Bezan (born 31 August 1994) is a Turkish , who last played in the for with jersey number 22. In 2010, she played for the . She is studying physical education and sports in .
Gamze Bezan received her license on 10 April 2008 for her hometown club , where she played until the end of the capping 25 times and scoring 3 goals. After dissolution of the women's football branch of the club, she transferred to Trabzon İdmanocağı, another local women's club. Following the , she was honored with the title "Best Women's Footballer of Trabzonspor" bestowed by the fans of the club. After playing five seasons for her hometown club, she transferred to of in the .
[ "GamzeBezan07.JPG" ]
[ "Career", "Club" ]
[ "Living people", "1994 births", "Sportspeople from Trabzon", "Turkish women's footballers", "Trabzonspor women's players", "Trabzon İdmanocağı women's players", "Women's association football midfielders", "İlkadım Belediyespor players" ]
wit-train-topic-001273750
projected-17329204-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst%20Bolld%C3%A9n
Ernst Bolldén
Introduction
Ernst Olov Bolldén (28 September 1966 – 30 April 2012) was a wheelchair player. He represented Sweden at every from to and won medals for . He was on the gold-winning Swedish team at the and won a bronze in men's singles at that same Games. He won another bronze in the men's team event at the . Bolldén was born in , . He had a twin brother and two older brothers. Bolldén became paralysed from the waist and down in a schoolyard accident in in 1979. In July 2011, he was diagnosed with invasive . Bolldén died on 30 April 2012. He was 45.
[ "Ernst Bollden.jpg" ]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "1966 births", "2012 deaths", "Swedish male table tennis players", "Table tennis players at the 1988 Summer Paralympics", "Table tennis players at the 1992 Summer Paralympics", "Table tennis players at the 1996 Summer Paralympics", "Table tennis players at the 2000 Summer Paralympics", "Table tennis players at the 2004 Summer Paralympics", "Paralympic table tennis players of Sweden", "Medalists at the 1996 Summer Paralympics", "Medalists at the 2000 Summer Paralympics", "Paralympic medalists in table tennis", "Paralympic gold medalists for Sweden", "Paralympic bronze medalists for Sweden", "Deaths from cancer in Sweden", "Deaths from bladder cancer", "Swedish twins", "Twin sportspeople" ]
wit-train-topic-004376538
projected-17329205-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peroxybenzoic%20acid
Peroxybenzoic acid
Introduction
Peroxybenzoic acid is an with the formula C6H5CO3H. It is the simplest aryl . It may be synthesized from and , or by the treatment of with , followed by acidification. Like other peroxyacids, it may be used to generate s, such as from :
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Organic peroxy acids", "Phenyl compounds" ]
wit-train-topic-002317702
projected-17329235-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tame%20bear
Tame bear
Introduction
A tame bear, often called a dancing bear, is a wild captured when young, or born and bred in captivity, and used to entertain people in streets or taverns. Dancing bears were commonplace throughout Europe and Asia from the Middle Ages to the 19th century, and can still be found in the 21st century in some countries.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Bears", "Animal rights", "Animals in entertainment", "Animal training", "Cruelty to animals" ]
wit-train-topic-000864317
projected-17329235-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tame%20bear
Tame bear
History
A tame bear, often called a dancing bear, is a wild captured when young, or born and bred in captivity, and used to entertain people in streets or taverns. Dancing bears were commonplace throughout Europe and Asia from the Middle Ages to the 19th century, and can still be found in the 21st century in some countries.
In Ancient Rome, bears and monkeys were led to dance and perform tricks for the public. Dancing bears were commonplace in the Indian subcontinent for centuries. The last of them were freed in 2009. In Russia and , cubs were for centuries captured for being used as dancing bears accompanying tavern musicians (), as depicted in the Travels of . Dancing bears were widespread throughout Europe from the Middle Ages to the 19th century. They were still present on the streets of Spain in 2007, and in Eastern Europe. Recently, organizations and animal rights activists have worked to outlaw or eliminate tame bears, since the practice is seen as cruel and antiquated, citing mistreatment and abuse used in order to train the bears.
[]
[ "Dancing bears", "History" ]
[ "Bears", "Animal rights", "Animals in entertainment", "Animal training", "Cruelty to animals" ]
wit-train-topic-004077675
projected-17329238-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clambake%20Club%20of%20Newport
Clambake Club of Newport
Introduction
The Clambake Club of Newport is a historic private club at 353 Tuckerman Avenue in .
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Buildings and structures completed in 1907", "Clubhouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island", "Buildings and structures in Middletown, Rhode Island", "Clubs and societies in the United States", "National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island" ]
wit-train-topic-004968181
projected-20467501-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceratostoma%20foliatum
Ceratostoma foliatum
Introduction
Ceratostoma foliatum is a of medium to large , a in the family , the rock snails. This species lives in the Eastern .
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Muricidae", "Gastropods described in 1791", "Taxa named by Johann Friedrich Gmelin" ]
wit-train-topic-003115340
projected-20467562-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cymbiola%20rutila
Cymbiola rutila
Habitat
Cymbiola rutila, the "Blood-red Volute", is a of large , a in the family , the volutes.
Volutes are predators that live in deep waters, where they stalk and kill other molluscs. Volutes do not have a free-swimming larval stage. Their large egg capsules contain enough food to allow the embryos to develop over several months. What emerges from these capsules are tiny but fully formed shells. Volutes tend to spend their life in colonies, and have small home ranges.
[]
[ "Habitat" ]
[ "Volutidae" ]
wit-train-topic-004339464
projected-17329265-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kris%20Jenner
Kris Jenner
Introduction
Kristen Mary Jenner ( Houghton , formerly Kardashian; born November 5, 1955) is an American media personality, socialite, and businesswoman. She rose to fame starring in the series (2007–2021). She has four children from her first marriage to lawyer : , , and , and two children from her second marriage to television personality and retired (now Caitlyn): and .
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "1955 births", "American Christians", "American socialites", "Living people", "Participants in American reality television series", "People from San Diego", "Jenner family", "Kardashian family", "Flight attendants", "American women in business" ]
wit-train-topic-001770394
projected-20467597-004
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/559th%20Flying%20Training%20Squadron
559th Flying Training Squadron
Strategic fighter operations
The 559th Flying Training Squadron is part of the based at , Texas. It operates the conducting flying training.
The squadron was redesignated the 559th Fighter-Escort Squadron, and assigned to on 27 October 1950. On 1 November it was activated at , Georgia assigned to the 12th Fighter-Escort Group. Early in December 1950 it transferred to , Texas. The primary mission of the 559th was to organize and train a force capable of providing immediate fighter escort and air base protection in any part of the world. In January 1951 the squadron began flying training in the . The program principally of routine transition training, night flying, instrument flights, and ground controlled approaches. Bombing and gunnery practice was accomplished at the on , just off the Texas coast. Late in April the squadron participated in a practice mission to Turner Air Force Base. Early in June the 559th participated in a long-range escort mission conducted by the 12th Fighter-Escort Wing. All told, 75 F-84s were involved. After staging at , , they were divided into two sections. One section escorted a large number of s in a simulated bombing mission over New York City. The other section escorted another group of B-36s in a similar mission over Detroit. All the Thunderjets staged at , , before returning to Bergstrom. In mid-July 1951 the 559th went on temporary duty to , England. The move was made by the and by civilian aircraft. Having left its own fighter aircraft at Bergstrom, the wing used F-84s of the which it replaced at Manston. Operations overseas began during the latter part of July with orientation flights to various United States Air Force bases in England. During August all units of the 12th Wing took part in a operation which was designed to measure the defense of . While in England the 559th Fighter-Escort Squadron and its two companion units, the 560th and 561st Squadrons, went to Wheelus Field, Libya, for two weeks of gunnery practice. Late in November 1951 the wing began moving back to the United States. The advanced and rear echelons were airlifted all the way from Manston to Austin by MATS aircraft. The second increment sailed aboard the to , and made its way to the wing's home base via MATS aircraft. Back at Bergstrom the squadron was equipped with new F-84s. In January 1953 the 559th was redesignated as a strategic fighter squadron. In May it deployed to , Japan for approximately 90 days. The principal purpose of the deployment was to provide training for the wing and enable it, while operating as a part of the Northern Area Air Defense Command, to augment the . On 15 May replaced the on rotation in Japan. On 12 June the commanding officer of the 559th Squadron, Paul M. Hall, was killed in an airplane crash while making a ground-controlled approach. The squadron redeployed to Bergstrom Air Force Base in August. Over a period of several months after returning to its home base in August 1953, the 559th Strategic Fighter Squadron made special efforts to qualify all of its aircrews as combat ready. At the same time it was interested in requalifying combat ready crews in various phases of bombing and gunnery techniques. For these purposes extensive use was made of the bombing and gunnery range facilities on Matagorda Island. In May 1954, however, the 559th again deployed to Japan on temporary duty to . One of the most important operations during this second tour of duty in the Far East was a series of in which the capabilities of the Northern Air Defense Area were tested. The wing returned to the United States again in August 1954. While stationed at Bergstrom Air Force Base during the next several years the 559th continued to accomplish the usual training programs and routine training missions. There were, however, a number of special missions and other activities. In June 1955 the unit participated in weapons loading exercise and unit simulated combat mission at , Texas. Operating from the forward staging base (Gray AFB), F-84s of the 559th were scheduled to destroy a number of targets simulated on Matagorda Island. On this mission the Thunderjets accomplished air refueling over . Meanwhile, in May 1955 the 12th Strategic Fighter Wing was selected to represent the Strategic Air Command in the annual fighter competition to be held in connection with the USAF Gunnery Meet in September 1955 at , Nevada. A group of candidates began training on Matagorda Island in June. Selected for the competition were two officers from the 12th Wing headquarters, and one each from the 559th, 560th, and 561st Squadrons. Competing at Nellis in September against this special team from the Strategic Air Command were other teams from the , Far East Air Forces, , and . At the meet the Strategic Air Command took third place, running behind those of the Far East Air Forces and the United States Air Forces in Europe. Additionally, during the early part of May 1956 the 559th began participation with the 560th in the deployment of 25 F-84s for approximately 90 days at , . The purpose of the operation was to furnish a competent fighter offensive within the . In addition to carrying out routine aircrew training, while at Eielson the detachment took part in several emergency war plan missions. At the conclusion of the temporary duty in Alaska the detachment flew nonstop back to its home base. The 27th Air refueling Squadron provided in-flight refueling for the redeployment. Plans announced at Bergstrom as early as April 1956 indicated that in due course of time the 559th would convert to the long-range . A tentative schedule for equipping with the F-101 was set for May through October 1957. Training in the new aircraft for aircrews and maintenance personnel of the wing began at Bergstrom in November 1956. This training was discontinued after about a month, however, following a decision by higher headquarters not to equip the wing with the F-101 aircraft. Effective 1 July 1957, the 559th was redesignated a fighter-day squadron and assigned to the Tactical Air Command. The wing and its squadrons were inactivated, however, on 8 January 1958.
[ "Cessna T-37B 87999 12 FTW Rand 17.10.75 edited-3.jpg" ]
[ "History", "Strategic fighter operations" ]
[ "Flying training squadrons of the United States Air Force", "Military units and formations in Texas" ]
wit-train-topic-001017405
projected-17329339-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vallcarca%20metro%20station
Vallcarca metro station
Introduction
Vallcarca is a station in the neighbourhood, in the district of .The station is served by line . The station opened in 1985 when the section of line L3 between and stations was inaugurated. The station is located underneath (formerly known as the Avinguda de l'Hospital Militar), between and the . It has three entrances and can be accessed from either side of Avinguda de Vallcarca, as well as from . It has twin s that are long and which are accessed from the entrance lobby by and s.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Barcelona Metro line 3 stations", "Barcelona Metro stations located underground", "Railway stations in Spain opened in 1985", "Transport in Gràcia" ]
wit-train-topic-004235413
projected-20467627-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neverita%20lewisii
Neverita lewisii
Introduction
Neverita lewisii (previously known as Polinices lewisii, Lunatia lewisii, Euspira lewisii), Lewis's moon snail, is a of large . It is a in the family , the moon snails. Traditionally, this species was assigned to either the genus , the genus or the genus . Recently, it was assigned to the genus based on . This is the largest species in the family.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Naticidae", "Gastropods described in 1847" ]
wit-train-topic-002965786
projected-20467627-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neverita%20lewisii
Neverita lewisii
Distribution
Neverita lewisii (previously known as Polinices lewisii, Lunatia lewisii, Euspira lewisii), Lewis's moon snail, is a of large . It is a in the family , the moon snails. Traditionally, this species was assigned to either the genus , the genus or the genus . Recently, it was assigned to the genus based on . This is the largest species in the family.
Neverita lewisii lives in the , from to northern , .
[ "Euspira lewisii 2.jpg", "Euspira lewisii.jpg" ]
[ "Distribution" ]
[ "Naticidae", "Gastropods described in 1847" ]
wit-train-topic-002248335
projected-23573942-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victims%20In%20Ecstacy
Victims In Ecstacy
Introduction
Victims In were an unsigned rock band from who were active between 1998 and 2001.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Rock music groups from Arizona", "American industrial rock musical groups", "Musical groups from Phoenix, Arizona", "Musical groups established in 1998", "Musical groups disestablished in 2001" ]
wit-train-topic-002394533
projected-23573947-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog%20agility
Dog agility
Introduction
Dog agility is a in which a directs a dog through an obstacle course in a race for both time and accuracy. Dogs run off with no food or toys as incentives, and the handler can touch neither dog nor obstacles. The handler's controls are limited to voice, movement, and various body signals, requiring exceptional training of the animal and coordination of the handler. An agility course consists of a set of standard obstacles laid out by a judge in a design of his or her own choosing in an area of a specified size. The surface may be of grass, dirt, rubber, or special matting. Depending on the type of competition, the obstacles may be marked with numbers indicating the order in which they must be completed. Courses are complicated enough that a dog could not complete them correctly without human direction. In competition, the handler must assess the course, decide on handling strategies, and direct the dog through the course, with precision and speed equally important. Many strategies exist to compensate for the inherent difference in human and dog speeds and the strengths and weaknesses of the various dogs and handlers.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Dog sports", "Dog equipment" ]
wit-train-topic-001690563
projected-23573947-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog%20agility
Dog agility
Competition basics
Dog agility is a in which a directs a dog through an obstacle course in a race for both time and accuracy. Dogs run off with no food or toys as incentives, and the handler can touch neither dog nor obstacles. The handler's controls are limited to voice, movement, and various body signals, requiring exceptional training of the animal and coordination of the handler. An agility course consists of a set of standard obstacles laid out by a judge in a design of his or her own choosing in an area of a specified size. The surface may be of grass, dirt, rubber, or special matting. Depending on the type of competition, the obstacles may be marked with numbers indicating the order in which they must be completed. Courses are complicated enough that a dog could not complete them correctly without human direction. In competition, the handler must assess the course, decide on handling strategies, and direct the dog through the course, with precision and speed equally important. Many strategies exist to compensate for the inherent difference in human and dog speeds and the strengths and weaknesses of the various dogs and handlers.
As each course is different, handlers are allowed a short walk-through (ranging from 5 to 25 minutes on average) before the competition starts. During this time, all handlers competing in a particular class can walk around the course without their dogs, determining how they can best position themselves and guide their dogs to get the most accurate and rapid path around the numbered obstacles. The handler tends to run a path much different from the dog's path, so the handler can sometimes spend quite a bit of time planning for what is usually a quick run. The walk-through is critical for success because the course's path takes various turns, even s or 270° turns, can cross back on itself, can use the same obstacle more than once, can have two obstacles so close to each other that the dog and handler must be able to clearly discriminate which to take, and can be arranged so that the handler must work with obstacles between himself and the dog, called layering, or at a great distance from the dog. Printed maps of the agility course, called course maps, are occasionally made available to the handlers before they run, to help the handlers plan their course strategy . The course map contains icons indicating the position and orientation of all the obstacles, and numbers indicating the order in which the obstacles are to be taken. Course maps were originally drawn by hand, but nowadays courses are created using various computer programs. Each dog and handler team gets one opportunity together to attempt to complete the course successfully. The dog begins behind a starting line and, when instructed by their handler, proceeds around the course. The handler typically runs near the dog, directing the dog with spoken commands and with body language (the position of arms, shoulders, and feet). Because speed counts as much as accuracy, especially at higher levels of competition, this all takes place at a full-out run on the dog's part and, in places, on the handler's part as well. Scoring of runs is based on how many faults are incurred. Penalties can include not only course faults, such as knocking down a bar in a jump, but also time faults, which are the number of seconds over the calculated standard course time, which in turn is determined based on the competition level, the complexity of the course, and other factors.
[]
[ "Competition basics" ]
[ "Dog sports", "Dog equipment" ]
wit-train-topic-002062242
projected-23573947-003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog%20agility
Dog agility
Contact obstacles
Dog agility is a in which a directs a dog through an obstacle course in a race for both time and accuracy. Dogs run off with no food or toys as incentives, and the handler can touch neither dog nor obstacles. The handler's controls are limited to voice, movement, and various body signals, requiring exceptional training of the animal and coordination of the handler. An agility course consists of a set of standard obstacles laid out by a judge in a design of his or her own choosing in an area of a specified size. The surface may be of grass, dirt, rubber, or special matting. Depending on the type of competition, the obstacles may be marked with numbers indicating the order in which they must be completed. Courses are complicated enough that a dog could not complete them correctly without human direction. In competition, the handler must assess the course, decide on handling strategies, and direct the dog through the course, with precision and speed equally important. Many strategies exist to compensate for the inherent difference in human and dog speeds and the strengths and weaknesses of the various dogs and handlers.
Contact obstacles are obstacles made of planks and ramps, they require dogs to ascend and descend the obstacle and to place a paw on a "contact zone", an area that is painted a different colour. The height, width and angle of the planks and ramps varies by the organisation running the competition. A-frame The A-frame comprises two ramps that meet in the middle forming an A shape, the ramps vary between and in length, and between and in height at the apex. Dog walk The dog walk is an elevated plank with ascending and descending ramps at each end, the ramps vary between in length and in height above the ground. Crossover The crossover comprises four separate ramps that each ascend at an elevated platform in the middle, the dog must ascend and descend the correct ramps in accordance with the judge's course plan, the ramps are in length and the platform is between in height. Seesaw The seesaw, sometimes called the teeter-totter, is a , that the dogs walks the length of, the seesaw varies between in length and the apex between in height. Tower The tower is similar to the crossover except it has a plank, a set of steps to ascend and descend, as well as a for the dog to slide down, as with the crossover the must ascend and descend in accordance with the judge's course plan.
[]
[ "Agility obstacles", "Contact obstacles" ]
[ "Dog sports", "Dog equipment" ]
wit-train-topic-000933453
projected-23573947-004
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog%20agility
Dog agility
Tunnels
Dog agility is a in which a directs a dog through an obstacle course in a race for both time and accuracy. Dogs run off with no food or toys as incentives, and the handler can touch neither dog nor obstacles. The handler's controls are limited to voice, movement, and various body signals, requiring exceptional training of the animal and coordination of the handler. An agility course consists of a set of standard obstacles laid out by a judge in a design of his or her own choosing in an area of a specified size. The surface may be of grass, dirt, rubber, or special matting. Depending on the type of competition, the obstacles may be marked with numbers indicating the order in which they must be completed. Courses are complicated enough that a dog could not complete them correctly without human direction. In competition, the handler must assess the course, decide on handling strategies, and direct the dog through the course, with precision and speed equally important. Many strategies exist to compensate for the inherent difference in human and dog speeds and the strengths and weaknesses of the various dogs and handlers.
The tunnel obstacles involve tunnels of different designs that the dogs run or crawl through. Open or piped tunnel The open or piped tunnel is an open flexible tube; they are usually in diameter and between in length. Closed, collapsed or chute tunnel The closed, collapsed or chute tunnel is a tube of light fabric with a rigid end for the dog to enter; the entrance is between in diameter and long. Hoop tunnel The hoop tunnel is a tunnel constructed from eight PVC hoops approximately in diameter arranged in a frame to form a tunnel approximately long. Crawl tunnel The crawl tunnel is a series of low hurdles forming a tunnel long that the dog must crawl under, the hurdles are set between high.
[]
[ "Agility obstacles", "Tunnels" ]
[ "Dog sports", "Dog equipment" ]
wit-train-topic-001590838
projected-23573947-005
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog%20agility
Dog agility
Jumps
Dog agility is a in which a directs a dog through an obstacle course in a race for both time and accuracy. Dogs run off with no food or toys as incentives, and the handler can touch neither dog nor obstacles. The handler's controls are limited to voice, movement, and various body signals, requiring exceptional training of the animal and coordination of the handler. An agility course consists of a set of standard obstacles laid out by a judge in a design of his or her own choosing in an area of a specified size. The surface may be of grass, dirt, rubber, or special matting. Depending on the type of competition, the obstacles may be marked with numbers indicating the order in which they must be completed. Courses are complicated enough that a dog could not complete them correctly without human direction. In competition, the handler must assess the course, decide on handling strategies, and direct the dog through the course, with precision and speed equally important. Many strategies exist to compensate for the inherent difference in human and dog speeds and the strengths and weaknesses of the various dogs and handlers.
Jump (hurdle) Two uprights supporting a horizontal bar over which the dog jumps. The height is adjusted for dogs of different heights. The uprights can be simple s or can have wings of various shapes, sizes, and colors. Double and triple jump (spread jump) Two uprights supporting two or three horizontal bars spread forward or back from each other. The double can have parallel or ascending horizontal bars; the triple always has ascending bars. The spread between the horizontal bars is sometimes adjusted based on the height of the dog. Panel jump Instead of horizontal bars, the jump is a solid panel from the ground up to the jump height, constructed of several short panels that can be removed to adjust the height for different dog heights. Broad jump (long jump) A set of four or five slightly raised platforms that form a broad area over which the dog must jump without setting their feet on any of the platforms. The length of the jump is adjusted for the dog's height. Tire jump A shape that is roughly the size of a ( to inside diameter) and suspended in a frame. The dog must jump through the opening of the "tire"; like other jumps, the height is adjusted for dogs of different sizes. The tire is usually wrapped with tape both for visibility and to cover any openings or uneven places in which the dog could catch. Many organizations now allow or require a so-called displaceable or breakaway tire, where the tire comes apart in some way if the dog hits it hard enough. Other hurdles UKC agility allows a variety of hurdles not found in other agility organizations: bush hurdle, high hurdle, log hurdle, picket fence hurdle, rail fence hurdle, long hurdle, window hurdle, and water hurdle.
[ "Pembroke Welsh Corgi agility.jpg", "Australian Shepherd agility cropped.jpg" ]
[ "Agility obstacles", "Jumps" ]
[ "Dog sports", "Dog equipment" ]
wit-train-topic-000492157
projected-23573947-006
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog%20agility
Dog agility
Miscellaneous
Dog agility is a in which a directs a dog through an obstacle course in a race for both time and accuracy. Dogs run off with no food or toys as incentives, and the handler can touch neither dog nor obstacles. The handler's controls are limited to voice, movement, and various body signals, requiring exceptional training of the animal and coordination of the handler. An agility course consists of a set of standard obstacles laid out by a judge in a design of his or her own choosing in an area of a specified size. The surface may be of grass, dirt, rubber, or special matting. Depending on the type of competition, the obstacles may be marked with numbers indicating the order in which they must be completed. Courses are complicated enough that a dog could not complete them correctly without human direction. In competition, the handler must assess the course, decide on handling strategies, and direct the dog through the course, with precision and speed equally important. Many strategies exist to compensate for the inherent difference in human and dog speeds and the strengths and weaknesses of the various dogs and handlers.
Table (pause table) An elevated square platform about 3-foot-by-3-foot (1-meter-by-1-meter) square onto which the dog must jump and pause, either sitting or in a down position, for a designated period of time which is counted out by the judge, usually about 5 seconds. The height ranges from about depending on the dog's height and sponsoring organization. Pause box A variation on the pause table. The pause box is a square marked off on the ground, usually with plastic pipe or construction tape, where the dog must perform the "pause" behavior (in either a sit or a down) just as he would on the elevated table. Weave polesSimilar to a , this is a series of 5 to 12 upright poles, each about tall and spaced about apart (spacing for AKC was until it was changed in January 2010. The extra three inches was to relieve stress on the dog's back.), through which the dog weaves. The dog must always enter with the first pole to their left, and must not skip poles. Dogs have 5 distinct gait styles when completing the weave pole obstacle. For many dogs, weave poles are one of the most difficult obstacles to master. Other obstacles UKC agility allows the following obstacles not found in other agility organizations: swing plank, sway bridge, and platform jump. NADAC also uses a hoop obstacle. A Hoopers course consists entirely of hoops, but hoops may be used in other courses as well.
[ "Chinook Olympics 07 136.jpg", "Border collie weave poles.jpg" ]
[ "Agility obstacles", "Miscellaneous" ]
[ "Dog sports", "Dog equipment" ]
wit-train-topic-000012098
projected-23573947-010
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog%20agility
Dog agility
International competitions
Dog agility is a in which a directs a dog through an obstacle course in a race for both time and accuracy. Dogs run off with no food or toys as incentives, and the handler can touch neither dog nor obstacles. The handler's controls are limited to voice, movement, and various body signals, requiring exceptional training of the animal and coordination of the handler. An agility course consists of a set of standard obstacles laid out by a judge in a design of his or her own choosing in an area of a specified size. The surface may be of grass, dirt, rubber, or special matting. Depending on the type of competition, the obstacles may be marked with numbers indicating the order in which they must be completed. Courses are complicated enough that a dog could not complete them correctly without human direction. In competition, the handler must assess the course, decide on handling strategies, and direct the dog through the course, with precision and speed equally important. Many strategies exist to compensate for the inherent difference in human and dog speeds and the strengths and weaknesses of the various dogs and handlers.
Fédération Cynologique Internationale Agility World Championships, the oldest and best-known, is held every year. It had been held in Europe every year until 2013, where it is to be hosted by South Africa. The event was held as a European championship until 1995, then a world championship from 1996, and is restricted to registered pedigree dogs only. The International Mix & Breed Championship in Agility (IMCA), first held in Italy in 2000 as a response to the FCI pedigree-only championships. The competition is held annually with about 18 countries participating, including teams from outside Europe. The International Federation of Cynological Sports (IFCS), has since 2002 organized a biannual world agility championship open to any breed or regardless of pedigree. Since 2013 it has been gaining more and more popularity and has been held every year. The Cynosport World Games, officially named in 2003, as the consolidated venue for USDAA's three tournament series - Grand Prix of Dog Agility, $10,000 Dog Agility Steeplechase and Dog Agility Masters Three-Dog Team Championship — and exhibitions and competitions in other popular canine sports. USDAA tournaments were opened to invited overseas participants for the first time in 2001, which led to establishment of USDAA affiliates in other countries where qualifying events are now held each year. The European Open. An informal annual championships since its foundation in 2002, open to all dogs regardless of origins. It rotates around a small number of countries in central Europe, though attracting competitors from all over world, with 25 countries participating in the 2006 event. From 2007, the competition is held under Fédération Cynologique Internationale regulations, but still allowing dogs without pedigrees. The World Agility Open Championships (WAO) — is an event organized by the UKI committee, that is gaining popularity with accomplished competitors all over the world. In 2019 participants from 39 countries were taking part. Junior Open Agility World Championships — the biggest international event for handlers under 18 years of age divided into several age groups. Before 2019 it was called European Open Junior Championships. Takes place annually and is considered to be very prestigious among competitors all over the world. Along with European Open Championship is supervised by the FCI committee.
[]
[ "Agility as an international sport", "International competitions" ]
[ "Dog sports", "Dog equipment" ]
wit-train-topic-001486763
projected-23573947-011
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog%20agility
Dog agility
Training
Dog agility is a in which a directs a dog through an obstacle course in a race for both time and accuracy. Dogs run off with no food or toys as incentives, and the handler can touch neither dog nor obstacles. The handler's controls are limited to voice, movement, and various body signals, requiring exceptional training of the animal and coordination of the handler. An agility course consists of a set of standard obstacles laid out by a judge in a design of his or her own choosing in an area of a specified size. The surface may be of grass, dirt, rubber, or special matting. Depending on the type of competition, the obstacles may be marked with numbers indicating the order in which they must be completed. Courses are complicated enough that a dog could not complete them correctly without human direction. In competition, the handler must assess the course, decide on handling strategies, and direct the dog through the course, with precision and speed equally important. Many strategies exist to compensate for the inherent difference in human and dog speeds and the strengths and weaknesses of the various dogs and handlers.
Dogs can begin training for agility at any age, but care is taken when training dogs under a year old so as to not harm their developing joints. Dogs generally start training on simplified, smaller, or lowered (in height) agility equipment and training aids (such as ladders and wobbling boards to train careful footing), but puppies who learn quickly must be finished growing before training on equipment at standard height to prevent injury. Introducing a new dog to the agility obstacles varies in response. Each individual dog learns at its own pace; confident dogs may charge over equipment with little encouragement, while more timid dogs may take weeks to overcome their hesitations with much encouragement. Both scenarios present their own challenges, as dogs may be overconfident and sloppy to the point where they have a serious accident and teaching the dog self-control becomes one of the goals for the trainer. Timid dogs need extra support to boost their confidence. Given the right encouragement, a timid dog can gain confidence through learning the sport. The size of the dog can also have an effect on training obstacles, particularly with the chute, in which smaller dogs are prone to get trapped and tangled inside. A trainer will take great effort to ensure that the dog is always safe and has a good training experience for agility so that it does not fear the obstacles, and instead performs them willingly and with enthusiasm. The teeter-totter (or see-saw) and the weave poles are typically the most challenging obstacles to teach to a dog. Many dogs are wary of the see-saw's movement, and the weave poles involve behavior that does not occur naturally to the dog. Contact obstacles in general are challenging to train in a manner that ensures that the dog touches the contact zone without sacrificing speed. Whether for competition or recreation, the most important skill for an agility team to learn is how to work together quickly, efficiently, and safely. Dogs vary greatly in their speed and accuracy of completing a course, as well as in their preferences for obstacles; therefore, the handler must adjust their handling style to suit and support the dog. Training techniques for each piece of equipment varies. The techniques for training the weave poles include using offset poles that gradually move more in line with each other, poles that tilt outward from the base and gradually become upright, wires or gates around the poles forcing the dog into the desired path, and putting a hand in the dog's collar and guiding the dog through while leading with an incentive. It also includes teaching the dog to run full speed between two poles and gradually increasing the angle of approach and number of poles. Agility may be trained independently (for instance at home) or with an instructor or club that offers classes. Seasoned handlers and competitors, in particular, may choose to train independently, as structured classes are commonly geared towards novices. Seasoned handlers often instead look to seminars and workshops that teach advanced handling techniques, and then practice on their own. Common reasons for joining an agility class include: Access to agility equipment, especially the larger contact obstacles, which can be expensive, difficult to build, and require a lot of space to use. Seeking the guidance and expertise of more experienced handlers. Enjoying the social venue that many classes provide. Training in a more distracting environment, which is helpful in preparation for competition. In addition to the technical and educational training, physical training must also be done. The dog must be fit enough to run and jump without causing stress or injury to its body. The handler can also benefit from being physically fit, but with some handling styles it is not necessary to keep up with the dog (nor is it possible with very fast dogs). Being able to handle a dog from a distance allows mobility-impaired handlers to participate in the sport on par with mobile handlers. Research has also demonstrated health benefits to handlers engaged in dog agility.
[ "agility teeter.jpg" ]
[ "Training" ]
[ "Dog sports", "Dog equipment" ]
wit-train-topic-004096815
projected-23573947-012
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog%20agility
Dog agility
Competition process
Dog agility is a in which a directs a dog through an obstacle course in a race for both time and accuracy. Dogs run off with no food or toys as incentives, and the handler can touch neither dog nor obstacles. The handler's controls are limited to voice, movement, and various body signals, requiring exceptional training of the animal and coordination of the handler. An agility course consists of a set of standard obstacles laid out by a judge in a design of his or her own choosing in an area of a specified size. The surface may be of grass, dirt, rubber, or special matting. Depending on the type of competition, the obstacles may be marked with numbers indicating the order in which they must be completed. Courses are complicated enough that a dog could not complete them correctly without human direction. In competition, the handler must assess the course, decide on handling strategies, and direct the dog through the course, with precision and speed equally important. Many strategies exist to compensate for the inherent difference in human and dog speeds and the strengths and weaknesses of the various dogs and handlers.
Competitions (also called trials or matches or shows) are usually hosted by a specific local club. The club might be devoted solely to dog agility, or it might be primarily a that wants to promote the working abilities of its breed, or it might be a club that hosts many types of . The club contracts with judges who are licensed by the sanctioning organization and applies to the organization for permission to hold a trial on a specific date or weekend; most trials are two-day weekend events.
[ "Agilitydog.jpg" ]
[ "Competition process" ]
[ "Dog sports", "Dog equipment" ]
wit-train-topic-001063804
projected-23573947-016
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog%20agility
Dog agility
Building a course and calculating times
Dog agility is a in which a directs a dog through an obstacle course in a race for both time and accuracy. Dogs run off with no food or toys as incentives, and the handler can touch neither dog nor obstacles. The handler's controls are limited to voice, movement, and various body signals, requiring exceptional training of the animal and coordination of the handler. An agility course consists of a set of standard obstacles laid out by a judge in a design of his or her own choosing in an area of a specified size. The surface may be of grass, dirt, rubber, or special matting. Depending on the type of competition, the obstacles may be marked with numbers indicating the order in which they must be completed. Courses are complicated enough that a dog could not complete them correctly without human direction. In competition, the handler must assess the course, decide on handling strategies, and direct the dog through the course, with precision and speed equally important. Many strategies exist to compensate for the inherent difference in human and dog speeds and the strengths and weaknesses of the various dogs and handlers.
Before each class, or the evening before the first class, course builders use course maps provided by the judges to place equipment on the course. The chief course builder is usually an experienced competitor who understands what equipment is legal, how it must be configured, how each must be aligned compared to other obstacles, and can direct several course-building volunteers to efficiently move the equipment into place. To make the job easier, courses are often marked in some way to correspond to a grid: for example, if course maps are printed on a grid of 10-foot-by-10-foot squares, the posts that hold the ring ropes marking the course's four sides are often set 10 feet apart. When the course builders finish, the judge walks through the course and double-checks that the obstacles are legal, that they are placed where the judge intended, and that there are no unintended hazards on the course (such as potholes, uneven ground, or mud puddles) around which the course must be adjusted. For many classes, the judge then measures the path through the course to determine the optimal running distance of a typical dog. The judge uses that measurement with a speed requirement determined by the rules to calculate the standard course time, which is the time under which dogs must complete the course to avoid time faults. For example, if the course is 150 yards (or meters) long, and the rules state that dogs must run the course at a rate of at least 3 yards (or meters) per second, the standard course time would be 50 seconds. Other organizations, though, leave the decision on course time to the judge's discretion
[ "Golden Retriever agility teeter.jpg" ]
[ "Competition process", "Building a course and calculating times" ]
[ "Dog sports", "Dog equipment" ]
wit-train-topic-003712716
projected-23573947-017
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog%20agility
Dog agility
Running a course and determining results
Dog agility is a in which a directs a dog through an obstacle course in a race for both time and accuracy. Dogs run off with no food or toys as incentives, and the handler can touch neither dog nor obstacles. The handler's controls are limited to voice, movement, and various body signals, requiring exceptional training of the animal and coordination of the handler. An agility course consists of a set of standard obstacles laid out by a judge in a design of his or her own choosing in an area of a specified size. The surface may be of grass, dirt, rubber, or special matting. Depending on the type of competition, the obstacles may be marked with numbers indicating the order in which they must be completed. Courses are complicated enough that a dog could not complete them correctly without human direction. In competition, the handler must assess the course, decide on handling strategies, and direct the dog through the course, with precision and speed equally important. Many strategies exist to compensate for the inherent difference in human and dog speeds and the strengths and weaknesses of the various dogs and handlers.
The judge often holds a briefing for competitors before each class, to review the rules and explain specific requirements for a particular course. For Standard courses for experienced competitors, the judge's briefing is often minimal or dispensed with altogether. For novice handlers in classes with complex rules, the briefings can be much longer. The competitors then walk the course (as described earlier). When the walk-through ends, the gate steward or caller ensures that dogs enter the ring in the running order previously determined by the trial secretary and manages changes to the running order for handlers who might have conflicts with other rings of competition. As each dog and handler team runs the course, the dog is timed either by a person with a stopwatch or with an electronic timer, and the scribe writes the judge's calls and the dog's final time on a scribe sheet or ticket, which is then taken to the score table for recording. At the score table, scorekeepers compile the results in a variety of ways. Some organizations require or encourage computerized scorekeeping, while others require certain types of manual score sheets to be filled out. When all the dogs in a given height group, level, and class have run, the score table compares run times, faults, and any other requirements to determine placements (and, for classes that provide qualifying points towards titles, which dogs earned qualifying scores). Each ring might run several classes during a day of competition, requiring multiple course builds, walk-throughs, and briefings.
[ "Weimaraner ascending spread jump.jpg" ]
[ "Competition process", "Running a course and determining results" ]
[ "Dog sports", "Dog equipment" ]
wit-train-topic-001406188
projected-23573947-018
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog%20agility
Dog agility
Awards and titles
Dog agility is a in which a directs a dog through an obstacle course in a race for both time and accuracy. Dogs run off with no food or toys as incentives, and the handler can touch neither dog nor obstacles. The handler's controls are limited to voice, movement, and various body signals, requiring exceptional training of the animal and coordination of the handler. An agility course consists of a set of standard obstacles laid out by a judge in a design of his or her own choosing in an area of a specified size. The surface may be of grass, dirt, rubber, or special matting. Depending on the type of competition, the obstacles may be marked with numbers indicating the order in which they must be completed. Courses are complicated enough that a dog could not complete them correctly without human direction. In competition, the handler must assess the course, decide on handling strategies, and direct the dog through the course, with precision and speed equally important. Many strategies exist to compensate for the inherent difference in human and dog speeds and the strengths and weaknesses of the various dogs and handlers.
Awards are usually given for placements and for qualifying scores. Such awards are often flat s, s, s, , s, or s. Some clubs award high-in-trial awards, calculated in various ways, or other special awards for the trial. Dogs who complete their final qualifying scores to become agility champions are often presented with special awards. Many Kennel Clubs also award titles to those who manage to qualify enough times in a particular level. Most clubs require three qualifying scores in any level to get the corresponding title, however, other clubs may require more or less. In the United States in most sanctioning organizations, there are a variety of titles that a dog and handler can earn by accruing sufficient qualifying runs—also called legs—that is, runs that have no more than a certain number of faults (typically none) and are faster than the maximum standard course time (SCT). For example, under USDAA rules, a dog can earn novice-level titles in Standard, Jumpers, Gamblers, Snooker, and Pairs Relay classes by earning three qualifying runs in each of the classes. The dog can also earn intermediate-level titles and masters-level titles in the same classes. After earning all of the masters-level titles—five qualifying runs in each, with some that must be in the top 15% of dogs competing at each trial—the dog earns its Championship. Other organizations have similar schemes; in AKC, to earn the Championship, the dog's qualifying runs must be earned two at a time on the same day. In NADAC, the quantity of qualifying runs is much larger; and so on. Most champion titles have "CH" in the title: NATCH (NADAC Agility Trial Champion), ADCH (Agility Dog Champion for USDAA), CATCH (CPE Agility Trial Champion), MACH (Master Agility Champion for AKC), TACH (Teacup Agility Champion), ATCH (ASCA Agility Trial Champion) and so on.
[ "RosetteRibbons wb.jpg" ]
[ "Competition process", "Awards and titles" ]
[ "Dog sports", "Dog equipment" ]
wit-train-topic-005099051
projected-23573947-020
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog%20agility
Dog agility
See also
Dog agility is a in which a directs a dog through an obstacle course in a race for both time and accuracy. Dogs run off with no food or toys as incentives, and the handler can touch neither dog nor obstacles. The handler's controls are limited to voice, movement, and various body signals, requiring exceptional training of the animal and coordination of the handler. An agility course consists of a set of standard obstacles laid out by a judge in a design of his or her own choosing in an area of a specified size. The surface may be of grass, dirt, rubber, or special matting. Depending on the type of competition, the obstacles may be marked with numbers indicating the order in which they must be completed. Courses are complicated enough that a dog could not complete them correctly without human direction. In competition, the handler must assess the course, decide on handling strategies, and direct the dog through the course, with precision and speed equally important. Many strategies exist to compensate for the inherent difference in human and dog speeds and the strengths and weaknesses of the various dogs and handlers.
List of United Kingdom dog agility champions
[]
[ "See also" ]
[ "Dog sports", "Dog equipment" ]
wit-train-topic-000270033
projected-20467703-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcello%20Giordani
Marcello Giordani
Introduction
Marcello Giordani (born Marcello Guagliardo; 25 January 1963 – 5 October 2019) was an Italian operatic who sang leading roles of the Italian and French repertoire in opera houses throughout Europe and the United States. He had a distinguished association with the New York , where he sang in over 240 performances from the time of his debut there in 1993. He founded the Marcello Giordani Foundation to help young opera singers.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "1963 births", "2019 deaths", "People from Augusta, Sicily", "Italian operatic tenors", "20th-century Italian male opera singers", "21st-century Italian male opera singers" ]
wit-train-topic-001388523
projected-23573972-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doln%C3%AD%20Krup%C3%A1%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29
Dolní Krupá (Mladá Boleslav District)
Introduction
Dolní Krupá is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 300 inhabitants.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-001014326
projected-23573975-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doln%C3%AD%20Slivno
Dolní Slivno
Introduction
Dolní Slivno is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 400 inhabitants.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-004062451
projected-23573978-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doln%C3%AD%20Stakory
Dolní Stakory
Introduction
Dolní Stakory is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 300 inhabitants.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-000189741
projected-20467727-004
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20Valcour
USS Valcour
Service as "miscellaneous command flagship" (AGF-1) 1966–1971
USS Valcour (AVP-55), later AGF-1, was a of the , in commission as a from 1946 to 1965 and as a from 1965 to 1973.
Soon after returning from her 15th cruise, a realignment took place under which Duxbury Bay and Gardiners Bay were ordered and Valcour was selected to continue on a permanent basis the ComMidEastFor flagship duty previously performed by all three ships on a rotational basis. She was reclassified as a "miscellaneous command flagship" and designated AGF-1 on 15 December 1965. As AGF-1, Valcour took on the mission was of command post, living facility, and communications center for ComMidEastFor and his staff of 15 . Valcour departed the United States for the Middle East on 18 April 1966 for her 16th MidEastFor cruise, and her first as AGF-1. Tasked to demonstrate American interest and good will in the Middle East, Valcour distributed textbooks, medicine, clothing, and domestic machinery (such as s) to the needy under the auspices of . Men from Valcour attempted to promote good relations with the countries Valcour visited by assisting in the construction of orphanages and schools, by participating in public functions, and by entertaining dignitaries, military representatives, and civilians. In addition, while watching lanes, Valcour had standing requirements to assist stricken ships and to evacuate Americans during crises in Middle Eastern countries. Based at Bahrain, Valcour remained in the Middle East, save for a winter at Norfolk in 1968-69, until 1971. She became the permanent flagship for ComMidEastFor in 1971, but was selected in January 1972 for inactivation. Relieved as flagship by miscellaneous command flagship (ex-) (ex-LPD-3) in the spring of 1972, Valcour returned to Norfolk via Colombo; Singapore; , Australia; ; ; Panama; and . After four days at Fort Lauderdale, she arrived at Norfolk on 11 November 1972, completing an voyage from the Middle East.
[ "USS Valcour (AGF-1) in 1972.jpg" ]
[ "Construction and career", "Service as \"miscellaneous command flagship\" (AGF-1) 1966–1971" ]
[ "Barnegat-class seaplane tenders", "Cold War auxiliary ships of the United States", "1943 ships", "Maritime incidents in 1951", "Ships built at Lake Washington Shipyard" ]
wit-train-topic-003021614
projected-23573985-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horky%20nad%20Jizerou
Horky nad Jizerou
Introduction
Horky nad Jizerou is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 600 inhabitants.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-003341459
projected-23573989-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horn%C3%AD%20Slivno
Horní Slivno
Introduction
Horní Slivno is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 300 inhabitants.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-002453805
projected-20467754-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inner%20Belt%20District
Inner Belt District
Introduction
The Inner Belt District is a industrial district located in the southeastern portion of , . Along with nearby , the Inner Belt is a historically industrial zone of Somerville, with factories, warehouses, distribution centers, railroad connections, regional maintenance facilities, MBTA and offices, retail stores and a hotel. Named after the proposed but doomed , the district is bounded by , , and the and rail lines. Inner Belt Road runs through the center of the Inner Belt District intersecting with 3rd Avenue to connect to the maintenance facility. Although adjacent to the McGrath Corridor, in Cambridge and in , it is isolated from them by highways and rail lines. An elevated railroad right-of-way separates the Brickbottom area located to the west of the Inner Belt District. The two areas resemble each other in terms of use. However, Brickbottom has older dense development in a grid pattern and has a couple of small neighborhoods. Somerville is currently engaged in an ongoing community process, begun in 2011, to determine a long-term Master Plan for the Inner Belt and Brickbottom region. A draft of the plan should be available for public comment by the end of 2013.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Neighborhoods in Somerville, Massachusetts" ]
wit-train-topic-001463544
projected-23573991-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrdlo%C5%99ezy%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29
Hrdlořezy (Mladá Boleslav District)
Introduction
Hrdlořezy is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 700 inhabitants.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-001206560
projected-20467786-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van%20Fleet%20Hall%20%28Gainesville%2C%20Florida%29
Van Fleet Hall (Gainesville, Florida)
Introduction
General James A. Van Fleet Hall is an historic building on the campus of the in , and completed in 1952. It was designed by in a mild style as a (ROTC) classroom and training facility for University of Florida students seeking commissions in the , , and . The building is named for U.S. Army General , who served as an ROTC instructor at the university and as the head coach of the team from 1923 to 1924.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Buildings at the University of Florida", "Guy Fulton buildings", "Reserve Officers' Training Corps", "School buildings completed in 1952", "1952 establishments in Florida" ]
wit-train-topic-001786808
projected-23573995-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hus%C3%AD%20Lhota
Husí Lhota
Introduction
Husí Lhota is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 200 inhabitants.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-004017477
projected-23574004-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jivina%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29
Jivina (Mladá Boleslav District)
Introduction
Jivina is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 500 inhabitants.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-000739697
projected-23574008-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jizern%C3%AD%20Vtelno
Jizerní Vtelno
History
Jizerní Vtelno is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 300 inhabitants. It is located southwest of and northeast of .
The first written mention of Jizerní Vtelno is from 1229.
[]
[ "History" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-001826772
projected-06901318-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max%20Gradel
Max Gradel
Introduction
Max-Alain Gradel (born 30 November 1987) is an Ivorian professional who plays as a or for Turkish club and the . Gradel received his first call-up to the Ivory Coast national team in November 2010. He made his debut for the national side on 5 June 2011. On 30 April 2011, Gradel won both the Fans Player of the Year and Players' Player of the Year awards at Leeds. In June 2018, he joined French club .
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "1987 births", "Living people", "Sportspeople from Abidjan", "Ivorian footballers", "Ivorian expatriate footballers", "Ivorian expatriate sportspeople in England", "Ivorian expatriate sportspeople in France", "Ivorian expatriate sportspeople in Turkey", "Expatriate footballers in England", "Expatriate footballers in France", "Expatriate footballers in Turkey", "Association football midfielders", "Leicester City F.C. players", "AFC Bournemouth players", "Leeds United F.C. players", "AS Saint-Étienne players", "Toulouse FC players", "Sivasspor footballers", "Premier League players", "English Football League players", "Ligue 1 players", "Süper Lig players", "Ivory Coast international footballers", "2012 Africa Cup of Nations players", "2013 Africa Cup of Nations players", "2014 FIFA World Cup players", "2015 Africa Cup of Nations players", "2017 Africa Cup of Nations players", "2019 Africa Cup of Nations players", "2021 Africa Cup of Nations players", "Africa Cup of Nations-winning players", "Footballers at the 2020 Summer Olympics", "Olympic footballers of Ivory Coast" ]
wit-train-topic-004301217
projected-23574010-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josef%C5%AFv%20D%C5%AFl%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29
Josefův Důl (Mladá Boleslav District)
Introduction
Josefův Důl is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 400 inhabitants.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-004070019
projected-06901326-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dull%20Gret
Dull Gret
History and description
Dulle Griet ( as Dull Gret), also known as Mad Meg, is a figure of who is the subject of a 1563 oil-on-panel by artist . The painting depicts a , Dulle Griet, who leads an army of women to pillage , and is currently held and exhibited at the in .
A restoration of the painting in 2018 revealed that it was painted in 1563, shortly after the painter had moved to Brussels. Previously, the signature and the date on the painting had been illegible, and it was assumed that it was painted two years earlier, or, based on its close compositional and stylistic similarity to and , one year earlier. Like those pictures, Dulle Griet owes much to . It is assumed the painting was destined for a series. Bruegel's earliest biographer, , writing in 1604, described the painting as "Dulle Griet, who is looking at the mouth of Hell". It came into the collections of , then was looted by the troops in 1648, and reappeared in in 1800. Art collector discovered it in 1897 at an auction in , where he bought it for a minimal sum, discovering its actual author a few days later. Her mission refers to the proverb: She could plunder in front of hell and return unscathed. In the view of Max Seidel, Roger H. Marijnissen in their book 'Bruegel. Pt.2', Bruegel is making fun of noisy, aggressive women. At the same time he castigates the sin of covetousness: although already burdened down with possessions, Griet and her grotesque companions are prepared to storm the mouth of Hell itself in their search for more. It might also refer to something that is either stupid, or courageous, or both; implying that one who is dull or naive may have more courage and end up in trouble, though not succumbing but making the best of it. Could symbolize a woman defying hell and returning with treasure, a psychological analogy of working through troubles to become stronger and wiser; to enter into one's personal hell and overcome one's "demons" i.e. fears or trauma. Yet, the opinions may differ and are . Griet was a disparaging name given to any bad-tempered, shrewish woman. In an incisive historical and critical interpretation of the painting, Margaret Sullivan concludes that in it Bruegel allegorizes the ideological zeitgeist’s “madness and folly.” She notes that “in the sixteenth century ‘dulle’ had two meanings. The first was ‘mad’ and the second (and older) meaning was ‘foolish’ or ‘stupid.’ ‘Griet’ as a female name communicated the idea of a fool. . . The name Margaret and its variants Margot, Magrite, Greta, Griet, etc., seemed to have acquired pejorative connotations throughout Northern Europe, making it an especially appropriate choice for the painting.” Dulle Griet appears as a character in 's play (1982), where she recounts her invasion of Hell: "I'd had enough, I was mad, I hate the bastards. I come out my front door that morning and shout till my neighbors come out and I said, 'Come on, we're going where the evil come from and pay the bastards out. (Churchill, 28).
[ "Pieter Bruegel the Elder - Dulle Griet (detail) - WGA03402.jpg", "Pieter Bruegel the Elder - Dulle Griet (detail) - WGA03404.jpg" ]
[ "History and description" ]
[ "Paintings by Pieter Bruegel the Elder", "1560s paintings", "European folklore characters", "Military art", "Dutch folklore", "Belgian folklore", "Fictional characters from Flanders", "Women in art", "Paintings in Antwerp" ]
wit-train-topic-001923165
projected-23574012-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North%20American%20Game%20Warden%20Museum
North American Game Warden Museum
Introduction
The North American Game Warden Museum is a in the on the between the of and the of . The museum is located on the American side of the border. Initially founded on a temporary basis at the in the 1990s, it became a permanent museum in 2005. The museum is sponsored by the North American Wildlife Enforcement Officers Association and aims to raise the professional profile and celebrate the work of s and s. This museum's states on its website that its purpose is to "honor these heroes and educate the public about their work and the s they protect."
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Law enforcement memorials", "Law enforcement museums in Canada", "Law enforcement museums in the United States", "Museums in Rolette County, North Dakota", "History museums in North Dakota", "Monuments and memorials in North Dakota", "Sculpture gardens, trails and parks in Canada", "Sculpture gardens, trails and parks in the United States", "Museums established in 1994", "1994 establishments in North Dakota" ]
wit-train-topic-000966343
projected-06901338-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natolin%20metro%20station
Natolin metro station
Introduction
Metro Natolin is a station on of the , located in the neighbourhood of the district in the south of at the junction of Aleja KEN and Belgradzka. It is near Galeria Ursynów, a small local shopping centre and a local shopping street. The station was opened on 7 April 1995 as part of the inaugural stretch of the Warsaw Metro, between and .
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Line 1 (Warsaw Metro) stations", "Railway stations opened in 1995", "1995 establishments in Poland" ]
wit-train-topic-004634862
projected-06901339-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volc%C3%A1n%20Ipala
Volcán Ipala
Introduction
Volcán Ipala is a in south-eastern . It has a wide which contains a (), whose surface lies about below the crater rim. Volcán Ipala is part of a cluster of small stratovolcanoes and cinder cone fields in south-eastern Guatemala.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Mountains of Guatemala", "Protected areas of Guatemala", "Stratovolcanoes of Guatemala" ]
wit-train-topic-003738883
projected-23574015-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kl%C3%A1%C5%A1ter%20Hradi%C5%A1t%C4%9B%20nad%20Jizerou
Klášter Hradiště nad Jizerou
Introduction
Klášter Hradiště nad Jizerou () is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 1,000 inhabitants. It lies in the valley. There is a former monastery in the village, currently a brewery.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-000344063
projected-23574018-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kluky%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29
Kluky (Mladá Boleslav District)
Introduction
Kluky is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 70 inhabitants. The village is well preserved and is protected by law as a .
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-003541878
projected-17329437-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovene%20Society
Slovene Society
History
The Slovene Society (, also ) is the second-oldest publishing house in , founded on February 4, 1864 as an institution for the scholarly and cultural progress of Slovenes.
The Slovene Society was founded upon the proposal of several patriotic associations and individuals from , who urged the establishment of an institution that would publish advanced scholarly literature in , foster the expansion of culture among Slovenes, and development of scientific terminology in Slovene. In 1864, the consortium Slovenska matica was founded in . Its work was based on the examples of similar institutions in other countries, such as the in , in , in the , and in . The consortium was established with private capital, as well as with capital of the and several cultural associations. The Emperor also gave a substantial financial contribution for its founding. The institution reached its peak at the beginning of the 20th century. At that time, it functioned as a regular publishing house on a , publishing books for a general public, many of which became s; at the same time, it also performed the role of an , fostering and maintaining close contacts with the in Zagreb, the in , as well as similar institutions in , , and . During , the SM was closed and its properties confiscated by the authorities. The alleged cause was the publication of the book Gospodin Franjo ("Mister Franjo") by the Slovene author and officer of the (pen name: Podlimbarski), which was a strong satirical critique of the . During the , the Slovene Society expanded its publishing work and in 1938 it was one of the co-founders of the . During the in , the leadership of the Slovene Society collaborated with the . In 1944, it was shut down by the authorities. In the late 1945, the communist authorities of the allowed the society to be re-established, although its editorial policies were considered "too conservative" by the new regime. Most of its properties were nationalized by the state, but the institution was allowed to continue functioning and later received substantial subsidies. The work of the institution was reinvigorated again in the 1980s, when it started systemically publishing translations of major Western philosophers and political theorists, including authors regarded as of the official , such as , , , , , , and the complete works of .
[]
[ "History" ]
[ "Learned societies of Slovenia", "Organizations established in 1864", "Organizations based in Ljubljana", "Cultural history of Slovenia", "Slovenian culture", "Publishing companies of Slovenia", "Scientific organizations in Ljubljana" ]
wit-train-topic-002933228
projected-23574019-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrixspermum%20japonicum
Thrixspermum japonicum
Introduction
Thrixspermum japonicum, known as East Asian thrixspermum, is a species of native to , south-central and southern , and parts of (, , , , , ).
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Thrixspermum", "Orchids of Japan", "Orchids of Korea", "Orchids of China", "Plants described in 1866" ]
wit-train-topic-002108811
projected-23574022-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobylnice%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29
Kobylnice (Mladá Boleslav District)
Introduction
Kobylnice is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 200 inhabitants.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-002925916
projected-23574029-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koryta%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29
Koryta (Mladá Boleslav District)
Introduction
Koryta is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 90 inhabitants.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-003337996
projected-06901343-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melchor%20Li%C3%B1%C3%A1n%20y%20Cisneros
Melchor Liñán y Cisneros
Introduction
Melchor Liñán y Cisneros (sometimes Melchor de Liñán y Cisneros) (December 19, 1629, – June 28, 1708, , ) was a prelate who served as (1677–1708), (1672–1675), (1667–1672), and (1664–1668). He also served as Viceroy of Peru from July 7, 1678, to November 20, 1681.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "1629 births", "1708 deaths", "Viceroys of Peru", "17th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in New Spain", "Bishops appointed by Pope Alexander VII", "Bishops appointed by Pope Clement IX", "Bishops appointed by Pope Innocent XI", "Bishops appointed by Pope Clement X", "17th-century Roman Catholic bishops in New Granada", "17th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Bolivia", "17th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Peru", "Roman Catholic archbishops of Lima", "Roman Catholic bishops of Santa Marta", "Roman Catholic bishops of Popayán", "Roman Catholic archbishops of Sucre" ]
wit-train-topic-000298623
projected-06901350-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nancie%20Caraway
Nancie Caraway
Introduction
Nancie Ellen Caraway (born February 2, 1942) is the former the of from 2010 to 2014. She is the spouse of former and former . Caraway is a , scholar and activist, a member of the university's Globalization Research Center and its Director of Women's Human Rights, leading its Trafficking Project. She is also a mentor and lecturer at the . Caraway was born in and arrived in Hawaii from , . She received her bachelor of arts degree in political science at the University of Hawaii at Manoa in 1980. She was a resident of while studying for her Master of Science degree in at . She married her husband, Neil Abercrombie, in 1981 in , . She returned to Hawaii and completed a master of arts in 1986 and doctorate in 1991, both in political science. Following her husband to where he served in the , Caraway became an assistant professor at , and . An author, Caraway won the —an international award for the best book on women and politics—from the for her 1992 book, Segregated Sisterhood: Racism and the Politics of American Feminism, also the title of her University of Hawaii at Manoa .
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "American women political scientists", "American political scientists", "Living people", "First Ladies and Gentlemen of Hawaii", "University of Hawaiʻi faculty", "American feminist writers", "University of Hawaiʻi alumni", "Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism alumni", "1942 births", "American women academics", "21st-century American women" ]
wit-train-topic-001183262
projected-20467831-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasciolariidae
Fasciolariidae
Introduction
The Fasciolariidae, the "tulip snails and spindle snails", are a of small to large s, s in the superfamily . The family Fasciolariidae probably appeared about 110 million years ago during the
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Fasciolariidae", "Gastropod families", "Taxa named by John Edward Gray" ]
wit-train-topic-005025098
projected-20467831-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasciolariidae
Fasciolariidae
Distribution
The Fasciolariidae, the "tulip snails and spindle snails", are a of small to large s, s in the superfamily . The family Fasciolariidae probably appeared about 110 million years ago during the
The recent species inhabit tropical to temperate waters.
[ "Fasciolaria scalarina 01.JPG", "Pleuroploca gigantea.jpg", "Fasciolaria tulipa (Linnaeus, 1758).jpg", "Fusinus colus 01.JPG", "Fasciolaria tulipaProfils.jpg", "Euthriofusus peyrerensis 01.JPG", "Fusinus Cyprus Pliocene.jpg" ]
[ "Distribution" ]
[ "Fasciolariidae", "Gastropod families", "Taxa named by John Edward Gray" ]
wit-train-topic-000176345
projected-20467831-004
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasciolariidae
Fasciolariidae
Genera
The Fasciolariidae, the "tulip snails and spindle snails", are a of small to large s, s in the superfamily . The family Fasciolariidae probably appeared about 110 million years ago during the
Genera in the family Fasciolariidae include (fossil genera are marked with a dagger): subfamily Clavilithinae Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 † † Eames, 1957 † Finlay, 1931 † Olsson, 1930 † Grabau, 1904 † Swainson, 1840 † Grabau, 1904 † Olsson, 1931 † Conrad, 1855 † Olsson, 1930 † Clavella Swainson, 1835 accepted as Clavilithes Swainson, 1840 † (Junior homonym of Clavella Oken, 1815. Has been renamed Clavilithes.) † Rhopalithes Grabau, 1904 accepted as Clavilithes Swainson, 1840 † (objective synonym) † Turrispira Conrad, 1866 accepted as Clavilithes Swainson, 1840 † † Cossmann, 1896 † Cossmann, 1901 subfamily Fasciolariinae Lamarck, 1799 - , the s Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 Callomon & Snyder, 2017 Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 Stephenson, 1941 † Wade, 1917 † Cossmann, 1920 † Squires & Saul, 2003 Hollister, 1957 Snyder, 2002 † Meek, 1876 † Cossmann, 1925 † Wade, 1916 † Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 Finlay, 1926 Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 Wade, 1918 † Conrad, 1869 † Wade, 1917 † Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 Dall, 1889 † Conrad, 1865 † Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Petuch, 1988 † Squires & Saul, 2003 † Cotton & Godfrey, 1932 Finlay & Marwick, 1937 Squires & Saul, 2003 † Whitfield, 1892 † Wade, 1926 † Wade, 1918 † B.L. Clark, 1918 † Meek, 1864 † Stewart, 1927 † Finlay, 1930 P. Fischer, 1884 Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 † Iredale, 1931 Wade, 1917 † Meek, 1876 † Saul & Popenoe, 1993 † Conrad, 1862 † Bandel, 2000 † Olsson & Harbison, 1953 Cossmann, 1920 † Stewart, 1927 † Wade, 1926 † subfamily Fusininae Bruguière, 1789 : synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815 Russo, 2017 Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Fraussen, Kantor & Hadorn, 2007 † Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Troschel, 1868 Callomon & Snyder, 2017 Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Grabau & Shimer, 1909 Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Hadorn & Fraussen, 2003 Hinds, 1843 - Hinds, 1843 Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 † Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Finlay, 1930 Grabau, 1904 † Cadée & Janssen, 1994 † , 1815 - type genus of the subfamily Fusininae Maxwell, 1992 † Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Jousseaume, 1880 Kuroda & Habe, 1954 Petuch, 1987 Dall, 1921 Grabau, 1904 Agassiz, 1846 † Snyder & Vermeij, 2016 Maxwell, 1992 † Maxwell, 1992 † Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Snyder & Lyons, 2014 Kantor, Fedosov, Snyder & Bouchet, 2018 Iredale, 1929 Conrad, 1865 † Bandel, 2000 † Iredale, 1924 Petuch, 1988 † de Gregorio, 1894 † Stephenson, 1941 † Grabau, 1904 † Kira, 1972 Pritchard, 1898 † Agassiz, 1842 † Hinsch, 1977 † Cossmann, 1889 † Tembrock, 1961 † Cossmann, 1901 † Tate, 1893 † Kuroda & Habe, 1971 Conrad, 1866 † Kantor, Fedosov, Snyder & Bouchet, 2018 Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 subfamily Peristerniinae Mörch, 1852 - type genus of the subfamily Peristerniinae Cossman & Pissarro, 1905 † Bellardi, 1884 † Habe, 1958 Finlay, 1927 † Lyons & Snyder, 2008 Tate, 1888 † Vermeij & Rosenberg, 2003 Bellardi, 1886 Bellardi, 1884 † Conrad, 1865 † Iredale, 1936 Kuroda & Habe, 1971 Rovereto, 1899 Oostingh, 1939 † Cossmann, 1889 Laws, 1944 † Harris, 1897 Cossmann, 1889 Montfort, 1810 Gray, 1847 Lyons & Snyder, 2008 Dall, 1889 † Conrad, 1960 † Bellardi, 1884 † Bouchet & Snyder, 2013 Hedley, 1915 Berry, 1958 Bellardi, 1884 † Swainson, 1840 Schumacher, 1817 Vermeij & Snyder, 2002 † Bellardi, 1884 Vermeij & Snyder, 2006 Casey, 1904 † Cossmann, 1901 † Monterosato, 1917 Hutton, 1883 Coomans, 1965 Vermeij & M.A. Snyder, 2006 Subfamily ? Stahlschmidt & Fraussen, 2012 Genera brought into synonymy Aptyxis Troschel, 1868: synonym of Rafinesque, 1815 Buccinofusus Conrad, 1868: synonym of Snyder, 2002 † Bulbifusus Conrad, 1865 †: synonym of Conrad, 1960 † Chasca Clench & Aguayo, 1941: synonym of Chascax Watson, 1873: synonym of Rovereto, 1899 Chascax Watson, 1873: synonym of Rovereto, 1899 Cinctura Hollister, 1957: synonym of Lamarck, 1799 Clavella Swainson, 1835: synonym of Swainson, 1840 † Cymatium Link, 1807: synonym of Montfort, 1810 Exilifusus Gabb, 1876 †: synonym of Rafinesque, 1815 Fusilatirus McGinty, 1955: synonym of Bellardi, 1884 Bruguière, 1789: synonym of Rafinesque, 1815 Gracilipurpura Jousseaume, 1881 †: synonym of Rafinesque, 1815 Heilprinia Grabau, 1904: synonym of Rafinesque, 1815 Iaeranea Rafinesque, 1815: synonym of Lamarck, 1799 Lagena Schumacher, 1817: synonym of Harris, 1897 Lathyrus Schinz, 1825: synonym of Montfort, 1810 Latirofusus Cossmann, 1889: synonym of Bellardi, 1884 Latyrus Carpenter, 1857: synonym of Montfort, 1810 Propefusus Iredale, 1924: synonym of Rafinesque, 1815 Pseudofusus Monterosato, 1884: synonym of Rafinesque, 1815 Pseudolatirus Cossmann, 1889 †: synonym of Cossmann, 1901 † Simplicifusus Kira, 1972: synonym of Kuroda & Habe, 1954 Sinistralia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: synonym of Rafinesque, 1815 Tarantinaea Monterosato, 1917: synonym of Lamarck, 1799
[]
[ "Genera" ]
[ "Fasciolariidae", "Gastropod families", "Taxa named by John Edward Gray" ]
wit-train-topic-000485223
projected-20467847-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raschera
Raschera
Introduction
Raschera is an Italian pressed fat or medium fat, made with raw or pasteurized cow milk, to which a small amount of sheep's and/or goat's milk may be added. It has an ivory white color inside with irregularly spaced small , and a semi-hard rind which is red gray sometimes with yellow highlights. It has a savory and salty taste, similar to , and can be moderately sharp if the cheese has been aged. The cheese was given an Italian in July 1996, and may also carry the name "di alpeggio" (from mountain pasture) if the cheese was made in the mountainous areas of its designated .
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Piedmontese cheeses", "Italian cheeses", "Cow's-milk cheeses", "Italian products with protected designation of origin", "Cheeses with designation of origin protected in the European Union" ]
wit-train-topic-001460784
projected-06901391-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moyuta%20%28volcano%29
Moyuta (volcano)
Introduction
Moyuta is a in southern . It is located near the town of in , and is situated at the southern edge of the . The volcano has an elevation of 1662 and its summit is formed by three s. The slopes of the volcano complex have numerous . Small can be seen on the northern and southern slopes, and hot springs are found at the north-eastern base of the volcano, as well as along rivers on south-eastern side. The volcano is covered with forest and coffee plantations.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Mountains of Guatemala", "Protected areas of Guatemala", "Stratovolcanoes of Guatemala" ]
wit-train-topic-005160491
projected-23574062-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musashimaru%20K%C5%8Dy%C5%8D
Musashimaru Kōyō
Introduction
is a Japanese former professional wrestler. He was born in , before moving to at the age of 10. At 18 he moved to and made his professional sumo debut in 1989, reaching the top division in 1991. After reaching the rank of in 1994 his progress seemed to stall, but in 1999 he became only the second foreign-born wrestler in history to reach the sport's highest rank of . Musashimaru won over 700 top division bouts and took twelve top division tournament championships during his career. His sheer bulk combined with of height made him a formidable opponent, and he was remarkably consistent and injury-free for most of his career. An amiable personality, his fan base was helped by a surprising facial resemblance to Japanese warrior hero . After becoming a and retiring in 2003, he became an of the and founded the in 2013.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "1971 births", "Living people", "American emigrants to Japan", "American people of German descent", "American people of Portuguese descent", "American people of Samoan descent", "American people of Tongan descent", "Japanese people of German descent", "Japanese people of Portuguese descent", "Japanese people of Samoan descent", "Japanese people of Tongan descent", "Japanese sumo wrestlers", "Naturalized citizens of Japan", "Sportspeople from Hawaii", "Yokozuna" ]
wit-train-topic-002469428
projected-23574062-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musashimaru%20K%C5%8Dy%C5%8D
Musashimaru Kōyō
Early career
is a Japanese former professional wrestler. He was born in , before moving to at the age of 10. At 18 he moved to and made his professional sumo debut in 1989, reaching the top division in 1991. After reaching the rank of in 1994 his progress seemed to stall, but in 1999 he became only the second foreign-born wrestler in history to reach the sport's highest rank of . Musashimaru won over 700 top division bouts and took twelve top division tournament championships during his career. His sheer bulk combined with of height made him a formidable opponent, and he was remarkably consistent and injury-free for most of his career. An amiable personality, his fan base was helped by a surprising facial resemblance to Japanese warrior hero . After becoming a and retiring in 2003, he became an of the and founded the in 2013.
Fiamalu Penitani was born in , the fourth son of a German father and a Portuguese Samoan mother. The family moved to , when he was ten years old. While attending in he played and was offered a scholarship to , but he also had success in , and his wrestling coach encouraged him to give sumo a try. He moved to Japan and joined former yokozuna 's in June 1989, initially on a trial basis only. This proved to be successful and he formally made his professional debut that September, adopting the or ring name of Musashimaru Kōyō. He moved up the ranks quickly, becoming an elite wrestler in July 1991 upon promotion to the division. He reached the top division just two tournaments later in November 1991. He made in May 1992 and in July. After a superb 13–2 record and runner-up honors in November 1993, and a 12–3 score the following January, he was promoted to alongside .
[ "Musashimaru tegata DSC 0152 PS lvl cr.jpg" ]
[ "Early career" ]
[ "1971 births", "Living people", "American emigrants to Japan", "American people of German descent", "American people of Portuguese descent", "American people of Samoan descent", "American people of Tongan descent", "Japanese people of German descent", "Japanese people of Portuguese descent", "Japanese people of Samoan descent", "Japanese people of Tongan descent", "Japanese sumo wrestlers", "Naturalized citizens of Japan", "Sportspeople from Hawaii", "Yokozuna" ]
wit-train-topic-000272849
projected-23574062-003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musashimaru%20K%C5%8Dy%C5%8D
Musashimaru Kōyō
Yokozuna
is a Japanese former professional wrestler. He was born in , before moving to at the age of 10. At 18 he moved to and made his professional sumo debut in 1989, reaching the top division in 1991. After reaching the rank of in 1994 his progress seemed to stall, but in 1999 he became only the second foreign-born wrestler in history to reach the sport's highest rank of . Musashimaru won over 700 top division bouts and took twelve top division tournament championships during his career. His sheer bulk combined with of height made him a formidable opponent, and he was remarkably consistent and injury-free for most of his career. An amiable personality, his fan base was helped by a surprising facial resemblance to Japanese warrior hero . After becoming a and retiring in 2003, he became an of the and founded the in 2013.
In 1999, with Akebono and Takanohana both struggling with injury and loss of form, Musashimaru suddenly came alive with two consecutive tournament wins in March and May 1999 to earn promotion to yokozuna. There was little of the controversy that surrounded previous promotion drives by foreign wrestlers such as , and Musashimaru's record of never having missed a bout in his career was praised by the . After a respectable 12–3 performance in his yokozuna debut, he won two further titles that year. However, in January 2000 he had to pull out of the tournament with an injury on the fourth day, bringing to an end his record run of 55 consecutive tournaments with a majority of wins, dating from his 6–1 score in the division in November 1990. This run ended just one tournament short of 's top division record. Akebono returned to form in 2000, and Musashimaru was also sidelined with injury in May. He won just one title that year, in September, although it was one of his most impressive results as he won his first 14 matches, just failing on the last day to become the first wrestler in four years to win with a perfect record. In 2001, although he did not have the injury problems of the previous year, he lost two playoffs to Takanohana in January and May, and had a mere 9–6 record in September, giving away five to ranked wrestlers, an all-time record for a single tournament. He had to wait until November 2001 for his ninth title. In 2002, with Takanohana sidelined through injury, Musashimaru was dominant. Although he missed most of the January 2002 tournament after injuring himself against on the third day, he won three tournaments that year, making 2002 his most successful year since 1999. His victory over the returning Takanohana in September 2002 was his twelfth and final championship and was also the last time either man would complete a tournament, making it the end of an era.
[ "Musashimaru_Dohyo-iri.JPG" ]
[ "Yokozuna" ]
[ "1971 births", "Living people", "American emigrants to Japan", "American people of German descent", "American people of Portuguese descent", "American people of Samoan descent", "American people of Tongan descent", "Japanese people of German descent", "Japanese people of Portuguese descent", "Japanese people of Samoan descent", "Japanese people of Tongan descent", "Japanese sumo wrestlers", "Naturalized citizens of Japan", "Sportspeople from Hawaii", "Yokozuna" ]
wit-train-topic-002342029
projected-23574062-004
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musashimaru%20K%C5%8Dy%C5%8D
Musashimaru Kōyō
Retirement from sumo
is a Japanese former professional wrestler. He was born in , before moving to at the age of 10. At 18 he moved to and made his professional sumo debut in 1989, reaching the top division in 1991. After reaching the rank of in 1994 his progress seemed to stall, but in 1999 he became only the second foreign-born wrestler in history to reach the sport's highest rank of . Musashimaru won over 700 top division bouts and took twelve top division tournament championships during his career. His sheer bulk combined with of height made him a formidable opponent, and he was remarkably consistent and injury-free for most of his career. An amiable personality, his fan base was helped by a surprising facial resemblance to Japanese warrior hero . After becoming a and retiring in 2003, he became an of the and founded the in 2013.
In November 2002 Musashimaru tore a in his left wrist, an injury which proved to be career-ending. Forced to withdraw from that tournament, the chronic problem restricted him to just a handful of appearances in the whole of 2003. Overshadowed by new yokozuna , he entered the July tournament but pulled out after just six days. He did not compete again until November, when after suffering his fourth defeat on the seventh day, he announced his retirement. In an interview on November 16, 2003, he revealed that he had also injured his neck while playing in high school and had been unable to move his left shoulder properly. Musashimaru was the last Hawaiian wrestler in sumo, ending a dynasty that began with in 1964 and at one point in 1996 saw four from the islands ranked in the top division. During his career he had won a total of twelve top division championships, one more than Akebono, and also won over 700 top division bouts, one of only six wrestlers to have achieved that feat to date. He officially retired on October 2, 2004, when he had his , or retirement ceremony, at the . Musashimaru has remained in the sumo world as an oyakata, or coach. He did not initially acquire a permanent elder () name, going instead under the name of Musashimaru Oyakata, which as a former yokozuna he was entitled to do for a period of five years after retirement. In October 2008 he began using the name , and he then switched to the elder name of former ozeki in August 2012. In December 2012 it was announced that he would inherit the prestigious name upon his old stablemaster's retirement in February 2013, at which time he opened his own stable of wrestlers, . This is not to be confused with the stable he fought out of as an active wrestler, which has since been renamed Fujishima stable. The stable has 19 wrestlers as of May 2021, and had previously included his nephew, who reached the makushita division and became the highest ranking member of the stable before retiring in 2019. He appeared alongside (who was playing his ) in two commercials for , a Japanese mobile phone company, in July 2009. They were directed by .
[ "MusashimaruByPhilKonstantin.jpg" ]
[ "Retirement from sumo" ]
[ "1971 births", "Living people", "American emigrants to Japan", "American people of German descent", "American people of Portuguese descent", "American people of Samoan descent", "American people of Tongan descent", "Japanese people of German descent", "Japanese people of Portuguese descent", "Japanese people of Samoan descent", "Japanese people of Tongan descent", "Japanese sumo wrestlers", "Naturalized citizens of Japan", "Sportspeople from Hawaii", "Yokozuna" ]
wit-train-topic-002748334
projected-06901398-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad%20Heyer
Conrad Heyer
Introduction
Conrad Heyer (April 10, 1749 – February 19, 1856) was an American farmer, veteran of the , and centenarian who is notable for possibly being the earliest-born person to have ever been photographed.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "18th-century American military personnel", "1749 births", "1856 deaths", "American centenarians", "Men centenarians", "American people of German descent", "Farmers from Maine", "History of photography", "Military personnel from Maine", "People from Waldoboro, Maine", "People of Maine in the American Revolution" ]
wit-train-topic-003416156
projected-20467873-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paurai
Paurai
Introduction
Paurai is a town and market center in in in the of south-eastern . The formerly was merged to form the municipality on 18 May 2014. At the time of the it had a population of 9613 people living in 1821 individual households. PAURAI is one of the 105 Villages Development Committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone. There is one higher secondary school operated by government of Nepal. which is known as shree bagmati higher secondary school. Nunthar is a famous place for picnic spot and there is a temple of lord shiva too.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Populated places in Rautahat District" ]
wit-train-topic-000703973
projected-23574121-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krnsko
Krnsko
Geography
Krnsko is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 600 inhabitants.
Krnsko is located about southwest of and northeast of . It lies on the River.
[]
[ "Geography" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-001234387
projected-06901402-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim%20St.%20Vrain
Jim St. Vrain
Introduction
James Marcellin St. Vrain (June 6, 1871 – June 12, 1937), a native of , was a . The left-hander played for the in 1902. St. Vrain made his major league debut in a road game against the at the (April 20, 1902). He pitched well, but the Orphans lost 2–1. His first major league came against the on May 9. He pitched a 5–0 in front of the home crowd at . St. Vrain pitched well during his only season but gave up a lot of unearned runs. He is also remembered for running the wrong way on the bases; although he was a left-handed pitcher, St. Vrain batted right-handed. One day, manager suggested he try batting left-handed, and upon making contact with the ball, St. Vrain was confused enough to run to third base (he was thrown out at first base). In a total of 12 games, 11 starts, 10 complete games, and 95 , he had 51 s and only 25 , and gave up just 22 . Though his record was 4–6, his was a sparkling 2.08. St. Vrain died in , in 1937.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "1871 births", "1937 deaths", "Major League Baseball pitchers", "Chicago Orphans players", "Butte Smoke Eaters players", "Tacoma Tigers players", "Memphis Egyptians players", "Minneapolis Millers (baseball) players", "Seattle Siwashes players", "Portland Giants players", "Topeka White Sox players", "St. Joseph Saints players", "Baseball players from Missouri", "People from Ralls County, Missouri" ]
wit-train-topic-000258549
projected-06901406-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somniosus
Somniosus
Introduction
Somniosus is a widely distributed of deepwater in the . Several members of the genus are believed to attain lengths up to , thus ranking among the largest of sharks.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Somniosus", "Extant Oligocene first appearances", "Shark genera", "Taxa named by Charles Alexandre Lesueur" ]
wit-train-topic-001732442
projected-06901406-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somniosus
Somniosus
Species
Somniosus is a widely distributed of deepwater in the . Several members of the genus are believed to attain lengths up to , thus ranking among the largest of sharks.
, 1939 (southern sleeper shark) † Welton & Goedert, 2016 – fossil, , 1912 (frog shark) ( & , 1801) (Greenland shark) & , 1944 (Pacific sleeper shark) , 1827 (little sleeper shark) Somniosus sp. A Not yet described (longnose sleeper shark)
[]
[ "Species" ]
[ "Somniosus", "Extant Oligocene first appearances", "Shark genera", "Taxa named by Charles Alexandre Lesueur" ]
wit-train-topic-000071459
projected-23574123-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krop%C3%A1%C4%8Dova%20Vrutice
Kropáčova Vrutice
Introduction
Kropáčova Vrutice is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 900 inhabitants.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-002267094
projected-23574125-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledce%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29
Ledce (Mladá Boleslav District)
Introduction
Ledce is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 400 inhabitants.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-004612621
projected-20467896-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rialto%20Theatre%20%28Montreal%29
Rialto Theatre (Montreal)
Introduction
The Rialto Theatre () is a former located on in , , . It is designated as a . Built in 1923-1924 and designed by Montreal architect , who specialized in theatre and hospital projects, the Rialto was inspired by the . The interior was designed by , designer of over sixty Canadian movie houses, in the style. The Rialto operated as a cinema until the 1990s. The Rialto Theatre has undergone many changes since 2000. All of the theatre seats were removed and attempts were even made to convert it into a steakhouse. After nearly thirty years of ownership, owner Elias Kalogeras was finally able to sell it in March 2010 to Le Groupe Merveilles Inc. and its owners Ezio Carosielli and Luisa Sassano. Since then, they have acted on their intention to protect the theatre and restore its unique architecture.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Beaux-Arts architecture in Canada", "Former cinemas in Montreal", "Heritage buildings of Quebec", "Landmarks in Montreal", "Le Plateau-Mont-Royal", "Movie palaces", "National Historic Sites in Quebec", "Theatres completed in 1924", "Theatres in Montreal", "Theatres on the National Historic Sites of Canada register", "1924 establishments in Quebec" ]
wit-train-topic-005045664
projected-17329459-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1960%20United%20States%20presidential%20election%20in%20California
1960 United States presidential election in California
Introduction
The 1960 United States presidential election in California took place on November 8, 1960 as part of the . State voters chose 32 representatives, or electors, to the , who voted for and . voted for the nominee, , over the nominee, . Although California was Nixon's home state, which he represented in the and , and initial political base, his margin of victory over Kennedy turned out to be extremely narrow; in fact, it was the closest of the states that Nixon won and the fourth closest state in the election after , and . On the morning of November 9, the NBC victory desk erroneously projected California to Kennedy. Nixon would later win California again against in and then against in .
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "1960 United States presidential election by state", "United States presidential elections in California", "1960 California elections" ]
wit-train-topic-000080065
projected-17329502-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vallcarca%20i%20els%20Penitents
Vallcarca i els Penitents
Introduction
Vallcarca i els Penitents is a neighbourhood in the northernmost part of , a . Locked between two hills, and , it grew out of a few scattered settlements, namely L'Hostal de la Farigola, Can Falcó, Can Mas and Can Gomis. The Parish Church, Virgen de Gracia y San José, popularly known as the “Josepets,” is the location of a Traditional Latin Mass, authorised by bishop Reig Casanova in 2021.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Gràcia", "Neighbourhoods of Barcelona" ]
wit-train-topic-005009804
projected-17329535-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook%E2%80%93Bateman%20Farm
Cook–Bateman Farm
Introduction
The Cook–Bateman Farm is a colonial-era farmstead located at the intersection of Fogland, Puncatest Neck (or Neck) and Pond Bridge Roads in . The property was initially purchased in 1700 and reached its largest size, , in the last 25 years of the 18th century. It currently encompasses of rolling farmland. The focal point of the farmstead is the 2 1/2 story house,, the oldest portion of which dates to c.1730–48, while the north kitchen was constructed or rebuilt c.1812-20. Both are now covered by the Second Empire high mansard rook, which was added c.1870. Also on the property is a frame barn dating from the late 19th or early 20th century; a two-story hip-roofed frame structure which might be the oldest building in the farmstead, possibly a heabily-altered original farm building from c.1700; a "farmers house"; and a number of other smaller outbuildings. The property, which has evidence of earlier Native American occupation, including arrowheads and stone tools found in the fields, was purchased by John Cook in 1700, and remained in the hands of just two families for more than 200 years, until 1977. The farm was listed on the in 1979.
[ "Cook-Bateman Farm main house, Tiverton.jpg" ]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Farms on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island", "Houses in Newport County, Rhode Island", "Buildings and structures in Tiverton, Rhode Island", "National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island" ]
wit-train-topic-000840204
projected-23574132-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loukov%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29
Loukov (Mladá Boleslav District)
Introduction
Loukov is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 200 inhabitants.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-002342424
projected-17329548-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holger%20Nikelis
Holger Nikelis
Introduction
Holger Nikelis (born 15 January 1978) is a German player. He won a gold medal in the singles event and a bronze in the team event at the . He has also won other medals and championships in disabled table tennis. He was world number one in his category in September 2013.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "1978 births", "Living people", "German male table tennis players", "Paralympic table tennis players of Germany", "Paralympic gold medalists for Germany", "Paralympic bronze medalists for Germany", "Paralympic medalists in table tennis", "Table tennis players at the 2004 Summer Paralympics", "Table tennis players at the 2012 Summer Paralympics", "Medalists at the 2004 Summer Paralympics", "Medalists at the 2012 Summer Paralympics", "Sportspeople from Cologne" ]
wit-train-topic-003831019
projected-06901481-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global%20distribution%20system
Global distribution system
Introduction
A global distribution system (GDS) is a computerised network system owned or operated by a company that enables transactions between travel industry service providers, mainly airlines, hotels, car rental companies, and . The GDS mainly uses real-time inventory (e.g. number of hotel rooms available, number of flight seats available, or number of cars available) from the service providers. Travel agencies traditionally relied on GDS for services, products and rates in order to provide travel-related services to the end consumers. Thus, a GDS can link services, rates and bookings consolidating products and services across all three travel sectors: i.e., airline reservations, hotel reservations, car rentals. GDS is different from a , which is a reservation system used by the service providers (also known as vendors). Primary customers of GDS are travel agents (both online and office-based) who make reservations on various reservation systems run by the vendors. GDS holds no inventory; the inventory is held on the vendor's reservation system itself. A GDS system will have real-time link to the vendor's database. For example, when a travel agency requests a reservation on the service of a particular airline company, the GDS system routes the request to the appropriate airline's computer reservations system.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Travel technology", "Business software", "Airline tickets", "Computer reservation systems" ]
wit-train-topic-002052621
projected-20467923-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomaulax%20gibberosus
Pomaulax gibberosus
Introduction
Pomaulax gibberosus, common name the red turban, is a of medium-sized to large with a , a in the family , the turban snails.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Pomaulax", "Gastropods described in 1817", "Taxa named by Lewis Weston Dillwyn" ]
wit-train-topic-000943732
projected-23574135-002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C5%A1t%C4%9Bnice
Luštěnice
History
Luštěnice is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 2,200 inhabitants. It is located south of and northeast of .
The first written mention of Luštěnice is from 1268. Around 1740, the Baroque Luštěnice Castle was built.
[]
[ "History" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-002904384
projected-23574141-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohelnice%20nad%20Jizerou
Mohelnice nad Jizerou
Introduction
Mohelnice nad Jizerou is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 90 inhabitants. It lies on the River.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-003297023
projected-20467951-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Something%20to%20Live%20For%20%28song%29
Something to Live For (song)
Introduction
"Something to Live For" is a 1939 composition by . It was the first collaboration between Strayhorn and and became the first of many Strayhorn compositions to be recorded by Ellington's orchestra. The song was based on a poem Strayhorn had written as a teenager. According to an all-day tribute to Strayhorn on radio on 29 November 2008—Strayhorn's birthday—Strayhorn began working on this tune in 1933 when he was 18. The song has been recorded many times, by Ellington, , , , , , , and many others. Fitzgerald has called it her favorite song.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "1939 songs", "Songs with music by Billy Strayhorn", "Jazz songs", "1930s jazz standards", "Lena Horne songs", "Songs with music by Duke Ellington", "Jazz compositions in B-flat major" ]
wit-train-topic-003073257
projected-23574144-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muka%C5%99ov%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29
Mukařov (Mladá Boleslav District)
Introduction
Mukařov is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 200 inhabitants.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-001478399
projected-06901516-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiss%20Kiss%20Bang%20Bang%20%28book%29
Kiss Kiss Bang Bang (book)
Introduction
Kiss Kiss Bang Bang (1968) is 's second collection of reviews from 1965 through 1968, compiled from numerous magazines including , , , , , , , and . It features her review of , which she notoriously dubbed "The Sound of Money," sparking outrage from loyal readers of McCall's. This is erroneously considered to be the reason why she was fired from her short-lived position as their film critic. The book also features a smaller collection of synopses (as opposed to full-length reviews) of little-known movies, some of which are also printed in Kael's . In her note on the title which begins the book, Kael asserts that these words are "perhaps the briefest statement imaginable of the basic appeal of movies. This appeal is what attracts us, and ultimately what makes us despair when we begin to understand how seldom movies are more than this." The title itself is a reference to the character of , who was often referred to as Mr Kiss Kiss, Bang Bang in international markets; the for the 1965 Bond film was to have had this title. The book is now out-of-print in the United States, but is still published in the United Kingdom by the independent publishing company .
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "1968 non-fiction books", "Books of film criticism", "Books about film", "Little, Brown and Company books", "Books by Pauline Kael", "American non-fiction books" ]
wit-train-topic-003417516
projected-23574145-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%9Bm%C4%8Dice%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29
Němčice (Mladá Boleslav District)
Introduction
Němčice is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 200 inhabitants. Němčice is located about south of and northeast of .
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-002597156
projected-17329600-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronautalis
Astronautalis
Introduction
Charles Andrew Bothwell (born December 13, 1981), better known by his stage name Astronautalis, is an American artist currently based in .
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "21st-century American singers", "1981 births", "American hip hop record producers", "American male rappers", "Living people", "Musicians from Jacksonville, Florida", "Rappers from Florida", "Rappers from Minneapolis", "Underground rappers", "21st-century American rappers", "21st-century American male singers" ]
wit-train-topic-003942983
projected-23574156-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nov%C3%A1%20Ves%20u%20Bakova
Nová Ves u Bakova
Introduction
Nová Ves u Bakova is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 300 inhabitants.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Villages in Mladá Boleslav District" ]
wit-train-topic-002501549
projected-17329694-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wreck%20Sites%20of%20HMS%20Cerberus%20and%20HMS%20Lark
Wreck Sites of HMS Cerberus and HMS Lark
Introduction
The Wreck Sites of HMS Cerberus and HMS Lark are located in the waters of on the west side of near South .
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Shipwrecks of the Rhode Island coast", "Portsmouth, Rhode Island", "Maritime incidents in 1778", "Shipwrecks on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island" ]
wit-train-topic-000390533
projected-20468012-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nassarius%20granifer
Nassarius granifer
Introduction
Nassarius granifer, the granulated dog whelk or granulated nassa, is a of with an , a in the family , the mud snails or dog whelks.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Nassariidae", "Gastropods described in 1834" ]
wit-train-topic-001180094
projected-17329712-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo%20Aguilar%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201987%29
Pablo Aguilar (footballer, born 1987)
Introduction
Pablo César Aguilar Benítez (born 2 April 1987) is a Paraguayan professional who plays as a . From March to July 2017, Aguilar served a ten-match suspension after head-butting a referee.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "1987 births", "Living people", "Paraguayan footballers", "Paraguayan expatriate footballers", "Paraguay international footballers", "Sportivo Luqueño players", "Club Atlético Colón footballers", "San Luis F.C. players", "Club Tijuana footballers", "Club América footballers", "Arsenal de Sarandí footballers", "Paraguayan Primera División players", "Argentine Primera División players", "Liga MX players", "Expatriate footballers in Argentina", "Expatriate footballers in Mexico", "Paraguayan expatriate sportspeople in Argentina", "Paraguayan expatriate sportspeople in Mexico", "2015 Copa América players", "Sportspeople from Luque", "Association football central defenders", "Naturalized citizens of Mexico", "Cruz Azul footballers" ]
wit-train-topic-001688221
projected-23574190-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolumnia%20guttata
Tolumnia guttata
Introduction
Tolumnia guttata is a species of found from , to and the .
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Tolumnia", "Orchids of Central America", "Orchids of Belize", "Plants described in 1753", "Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus" ]
wit-train-topic-003332527
projected-20468163-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pododesmus%20macrochisma
Pododesmus macrochisma
Introduction
Pododesmus macrochisma, the green falsejingle or the Alaska jingle, is a of saltwater , a in the , the jingle shells. This species inhabits the northwest Sea of Japan, and more specifically, the coast of the South Primorye at Hokkaido Island, the northern part of Honshu Island, off the southern and eastern Sakhalin in the Kuril Islands, and in the east of Kamchatka in the Commander and Aleutian Islands. More recently it has been found in the Chukchi Sea near Alaska, potentially due to global warming.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Anomiidae" ]
wit-train-topic-004613495
projected-17329855-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane%20Alma%20%281996%29
Hurricane Alma (1996)
Introduction
Hurricane Alma was the first of three consecutively named storms to make landfall on the Pacific coast of Mexico during a ten-day span in June, 1996. Alma was the third , first named storm, and first hurricane for the . It is believed by s that the storm originated out of an which crossed in the middle of June. In warmer than average waters of the open , it gradually organized and it was first designated as a tropical depression on June 20 before quickly intensifying to a tropical storm. Early on June 22 the storm was upgraded to a hurricane and subsequently reached peak intensity of 969 mb, a Category 2 on the . Alma made landfall on 's shoreline, but it soon moved back out over water and began to weaken. Alma had severe impact in Mexico. Twenty deaths were reported. Damage is unknown.
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Category 2 Pacific hurricanes", "1996 Pacific hurricane season", "Pacific hurricanes in Mexico" ]
wit-train-topic-005239152
projected-17329855-001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane%20Alma%20%281996%29
Hurricane Alma (1996)
Meteorological history
Hurricane Alma was the first of three consecutively named storms to make landfall on the Pacific coast of Mexico during a ten-day span in June, 1996. Alma was the third , first named storm, and first hurricane for the . It is believed by s that the storm originated out of an which crossed in the middle of June. In warmer than average waters of the open , it gradually organized and it was first designated as a tropical depression on June 20 before quickly intensifying to a tropical storm. Early on June 22 the storm was upgraded to a hurricane and subsequently reached peak intensity of 969 mb, a Category 2 on the . Alma made landfall on 's shoreline, but it soon moved back out over water and began to weaken. Alma had severe impact in Mexico. Twenty deaths were reported. Damage is unknown.
The origins of Alma is believed to be related to the which spawned in the . Satellite imagery and upper–air observations indicated that the disturbance crossed during the middle of June, entering warming than average waters of the . Initially, the system was located within a environment, although it did not hinder development. The convection soon became aligned with the low–level center and during the overnight on June 20 it was designated as a . The depression intensified and it was upgraded to Tropical Storm Alma later that day. The wind shear relaxed it was upgraded to a hurricane at early on July 22 while tracking generally northwest. A mid–level located near and a mid- to-upper-level low over the southwest began to steer Alma northward towards the southwest coast of , prior to reaching a peak intensity of 969 mb at 1200 UTC on June 23. Before long, the steering flow collapsed and the hurricane drifted further towards land. Later that day it made landfall near , although Alma quickly moved back over open water and meandered for about 36 hours. This made the hurricane the first of three consecutive storms to make landfall on, the Pacific coast of Mexico during a ten-day span. It weakened to a tropical storm over land, before moving back to the open waters. However, a small portion of the circulation of Alma was still over land, and thus it was severely disrupted by Mexico's high terrain. Alma was tracking slowly along a path roughly parallel to the coastline, it was further downgraded to a tropical depression on June 25. Alma remained weak and dissipated on June 27. Alma was forecasted well, with errors well below long-term averages at the time. Despite this, tropical cyclone prediction models were a mixture of accurate and inaccurate, with the Aviation and GFDL models performing badly and the OFCI model performing well. The errors in dynamic models was attributed to a lack of data on upper-air conditions over the ocean southwest of the cyclone.
[]
[ "Meteorological history" ]
[ "Category 2 Pacific hurricanes", "1996 Pacific hurricane season", "Pacific hurricanes in Mexico" ]
wit-train-topic-002585644
projected-17329930-000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roneat%20thung
Roneat thung
Introduction
The roneat thung or roneat thum () is a low-pitched used in the Khmer classical music of . It is built in the shape of a curved, rectangular shaped boat. This instrument plays an important part in the ensemble. The roneat Thung is placed on the left of the , a higher-pitched xylophone. The Roneat Thung is analogous to the of .
[]
[ "Introduction" ]
[ "Keyboard percussion instruments", "Cambodian musical instruments" ]
wit-train-topic-000822436
projected-17329930-003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roneat%20thung
Roneat thung
Structure
The roneat thung or roneat thum () is a low-pitched used in the Khmer classical music of . It is built in the shape of a curved, rectangular shaped boat. This instrument plays an important part in the ensemble. The roneat Thung is placed on the left of the , a higher-pitched xylophone. The Roneat Thung is analogous to the of .
The shape of Roneat Thung is thought to be modeled from a riverboat as Roneat Ek as well. Roneat thung's rectangular trough-resonator measures about 50 inches long supported by four short legs. While the end-pieces of the roneat aek and the roneat daek are flat and straight, the roneat thung end-pieces are curved slightly outward. The roneat thung has sixteen bamboo or wooden bars, measuring about 18.75 inches (low pitch) to 15.25 inches (high pitch) in length. The width of the bars (low and high) is approximately 2.5 inches and the thickness of both is about 0.75 inch. As the materials, which are used to make the bars, are the same as the roneat aek, the same tuning blobs are also utilized. Like the roneat aek, the roneat thung bars are suspended with two cords running through holes in each bar and placed on two hooks at each of the two curved end-pieces that are connected to the resonator. Only soft mallets are used to play the roneat thung, either indoor or outdoor. While the mallet handles of the roneat thung are about the same length as those of the roneat aek, their disc are larger and thicker. Each measure approximately 1.75 inches in diameter and about 1.5 inches in thickness. The range of the roneat thung overlaps that of the roneat aek, one octave lower. Due to its stylistic playing, the sixteen bars cover a range of music of over two octaves, a range that is wider than that of the roneat aek. The role assigned to the roneat thung is to counter the melody. The roneat thung plays a line almost identical to that of the korng thomm, except in a lak (vivacious, funny, comic) fashion.
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[ "Structure" ]
[ "Keyboard percussion instruments", "Cambodian musical instruments" ]
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/179th%20Fighter%20Squadron
179th Fighter Squadron
Training in the United States
The 179th Fighter Squadron (179 FS) is a unit of the located at , Minnesota. The 179th is equipped with the .
The was first organized as the 393d Fighter Squadron at , California, on 15 July 1943, as one of the original squadrons of the . Several members of its initial were former with prior combat experience. It was not until late August, however, that the group received its first . After building up its strength, the squadron moved in October to , California. In December group headquarters and the squadron moved to , while the other squadrons of the group were at other locations in northern California. The squadron moved temporarily to , Nevada, where it performed and training. Training accidents with the Bell P-39 Airacobra cost several pilots their lives. In January 1944, as it prepared for overseas movement, the 393d was beefed up with personnel from the and s. The squadron staged through , and sailed for England aboard the . The "Drunken Duchess" docked at , Scotland on 3 April and the group was transported by train to its airfield at , England.
[ "Airacobra Bell P-39D (16114458896).jpg" ]
[ "History", "World War II", "Training in the United States" ]
[ "Squadrons of the United States Air National Guard", "Fighter squadrons of the United States Air Force", "Military units and formations of the United States in the Cold War", "Military units and formations in Minnesota", "Military units and formations established in 1943" ]
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