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The astronomical unit (symbol: au, or or AU) is a unit of length, roughly the distance from Earth to the Sun and equal to about or ~8 light minutes

The astronomical unit (symbol: au,

The actual distance from Earth to the Sun varies by about 3% as Earth orbits the Sun, from a maximum (aphelion) to a minimum (perihelion) and back again once each year

The actual distance from Earth to the Sun varies by

The astronomical unit was originally conceived as the average of Earth's aphelion and perihelion; however, since 2012 it has been defined as exactly (see below for several conversions)

The astronomical unit was originally conceived as the average of

An artist is a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating an art

An artist is a person engaged in an activity related

The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse refers to a practitioner in the visual arts only

The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse

However, the term is also often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers (although less often for actors)

However, the term is also often used in the

Actaeon (; Aktaion), in Greek mythology, son of the priestly herdsman Aristaeus and Autonoe in Boeotia, was a famous Theban hero

Actaeon (; Aktaion),

Like Achilles in a later generation, he was trained by the centaur Chiron

Like Achilles in a later generation, he was trained

" This is the iconic motif by which Actaeon is recognized, both in ancient art and in Renaissance and post-Renaissance depictions

" This is the iconic motif by which

It is one of the largest branches of Christianity, with around 110 million adherents worldwide

It is one of the largest branches of Christianity,

Adherents of Anglicanism are called Anglicans; they are also called Episcopalians in some countries

Adherents of Anglicanism are called

The Archbishop calls the decennial Lambeth Conference, chairs the meeting of primates, and is the president of the Anglican Consultative Council

The Archbishop calls the decennial Lambeth Conference,

) ) is the capital and largest city of Greece

) ) is the capital and largest city of

Classical Athens was a powerful city-state

Classical Athens was a powerful

It was a centre for the arts, learning and philosophy, and the home of Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum

It was a centre for the arts, learning and

Anguilla ( ) is a British overseas territory in the Caribbean

Anguilla ( ) is a British overseas territory

It is one of the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles, lying east of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands and directly north of Saint Martin

It is one of the most northerly of

The territory consists of the main island of Anguilla, approximately long by wide at its widest point, together with a number of much smaller islands and cays with no permanent population

The territory consists of the main island of

This article is about communications systems in Anguilla

This article is about communications systems in

– GSM and UMTS 850 and 1900 MHz, LTE 700 MHz with Island-wide coverage Digicel (Anguilla) Ltd

– GSM and UMTS 850 and

References External links Flow Internet APN settings Communications in Anguilla Anguilla Anguilla

References External links Flow Internet

The territory is located in the Indian Ocean situated on the edge of the continental shelf, about off the northwest coast of Australia and south of the Indonesian island of Rote

The territory is located in the Indian Ocean situated on

Ashmore Reef is called Pulau Pasir by Indonesians and Nusa Solokaek in the Rotenese language

Ashmore Reef is called Pulau Pasir by

Both names have the meaning "sand island"

Both names have the meaning "sand

Acoustic theory is a scientific field that relates to the description of sound waves

Acoustic theory is a scientific field that relates to

It derives from fluid dynamics

It derives from fluid

See acoustics for the engineering approach

See acoustics for the engineering

Alexander Mackenzie, (January 28, 1822 – April 17, 1892) was a Canadian politician who served as the second prime minister of Canada, in office from 1873 to 1878

Alexander Mackenzie, (January 28,

Mackenzie was born in Logierait, Perthshire, Scotland

Mackenzie was born in Logierait,

He left school at the age of 13, following his father's death to help his widowed mother, and trained as a stonemason

He left school at the age of 13, following

Ashoka promoted the spread of Buddhism across ancient Asia

Ashoka promoted the spread of Buddhism across ancient

It covered the entire Indian subcontinent except for parts of present-day Tamil Nadu

It covered the entire Indian subcontinent except for

The empire's capital was Pataliputra (in Magadha, present-day Patna), with provincial capitals at Takshashila (later Taxila) and Ujjain

The empire's capital was Pataliputra

The meaning of the word American in the English language varies according to the historical, geographical, and political context in which it is used

The meaning of the word American in the English language

American is derived from America, a term originally denoting all of the Americas (also called the Western Hemisphere)

American is derived from America, a term originally

However, some linguists in the past have argued that "American" should be widened to also include people or things from anywhere in the American continents

However, some linguists in the past have argued

Ada is a structured, statically typed, imperative, and object-oriented high-level programming language, extended from Pascal and other languages

Ada is a structured, statically typed,

It has built-in language support for design by contract (DbC), extremely strong typing, explicit concurrency, tasks, synchronous message passing, protected objects, and non-determinism

It has built-in language support for design by

Ada improves code safety and maintainability by using the compiler to find errors in favor of runtime errors

Ada improves code safety and maintainability by using

Alfonso Cuarón Orozco ( , ; born 28 November 1961) is a Mexican filmmaker

Alfonso Cuarón Orozco

Cuarón is the first Mexico-born filmmaker to win the Academy Award for Best Director

Cuarón is the first Mexico-born filmmaker

He is one of four people who have been nominated for Academy Awards in six different categories, the other three being Walt Disney, George Clooney, and Kenneth Branagh

He is one of four people who have been nominated

With regard to the Trinity, there are, theoretically speaking, two possibilities: Either to affirm unity and deny plurality in God, and vice versa

With regard to the Trinity, there are, theoretically

All trinitarian heresies are but variations on these two "choices" ('choices' being the meaning of the Greek )

All trinitarian heresies are but variations

Arius' trinitarian theology, later given an extreme form by Aetius and his disciple Eunomius and called anomoean [dissimilar], asserts a total dissimilarity between the Son and the Father

Arius' trinitarian theology, later given

Events Pre-1600 30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic

Events Pre-1600 30 BC –

AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under the leadership of Gaius Julius Civilis

AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The

527 – Justinian I becomes the sole ruler of the Byzantine Empire

527 – Justinian I becomes the sole ruler

Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Pius (19 September 86 – 7 March 161) was Roman emperor from 138 to 161

Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus

He was one of the Five Good Emperors from the Nerva–Antonine dynasty

He was one of the Five Good Emperors from

Born into a senatorial family, Antoninus held various offices during the reign of Emperor Hadrian

Born into a senatorial family, Antoninus held

Events Pre-1600 8 – Roman Empire general Tiberius defeats the Dalmatae on the river Bosna

Events Pre-1600 8 – Roman

435 – Deposed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Nestorius, considered the originator of Nestorianism, is exiled by Roman Emperor Theodosius II to a monastery in Egypt

435 – Deposed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople

881 – Battle of Saucourt-en-Vimeu: Louis III of France defeats the Vikings, an event celebrated in the poem Ludwigslied

881 – Battle of

The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), also known by its original name Rijndael (), is a specification for the encryption of electronic data established by the U

The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), also

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 2001

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

AES is a variant of the Rijndael block cipher developed by two Belgian cryptographers, Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen, who submitted a proposal to NIST during the AES selection process

AES is a variant of the

Events Pre-1600 1348 – Czech king Karel IV founds the Charles University in Prague, which was later named after him and was the first university in Central Europe

Events Pre-1600 1348 –

1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux

1336 – Francesco Petrarca

1478 – The Pazzi family attack on Lorenzo de' Medici kills his brother Giuliano during High Mass in Florence Cathedral

1478 – The Pazzi family attack on

Anisotropy () is the property of a material which allows it to change or assume different properties in different directions, as opposed to isotropy

Anisotropy () is the property of a

It can be defined as a difference, when measured along different axes, in a material's physical or mechanical properties (absorbance, refractive index, conductivity, tensile strength, etc

It can be defined as a difference, when measured

An example of anisotropy is light coming through a polarizer

An example of anisotropy is light coming

An alpha particle is identical to the nucleus of a helium-4 atom, which consists of two protons and two neutrons

An alpha particle is identical to the nucleus of a

It has a charge of and a mass of

It has a charge of and a mass

For example, uranium-238 decays to form thorium-234

For example, uranium-238 decays to form

It depends not only on income but also on access to services" (UN 1995 report of the World Summit for Social Development)

It depends not only on income but also on access

Historically, other definitions have been proposed within the United Nations

Historically, other definitions have been proposed within the

In 2018, extreme poverty mainly refers to an income below the international poverty line of $1

In 2018, extreme poverty mainly refers to an income

The Analytical Engine was a proposed mechanical general-purpose computer designed by English mathematician and computer pioneer Charles Babbage

The Analytical Engine was a proposed mechanical

It was first described in 1837 as the successor to Babbage's difference engine, which was a design for a simpler mechanical calculator

It was first described in 1837 as the successor

In other words, the logical structure of the Analytical Engine was essentially the same as that which has dominated computer design in the electronic era

In other words, the logical structure of the

Caesar Augustus (23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian, was the first Roman emperor, reigning from 27 BC until his death in AD 14

Caesar Augustus (23 September 63 BC – 19

His status as the founder of the Roman Principate (the first phase of the Roman Empire) has consolidated a legacy as one of the most effective leaders in human history

His status as the founder of the Roman

The reign of Augustus initiated an era of relative peace known as the Pax Romana

The reign of Augustus initiated an era of relative peace

The geography of Antarctica is dominated by its south polar location and, thus, by ice

The geography of Antarctica is dominated by its south polar

The Antarctic continent, located in the Earth's southern hemisphere, is centered asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle

The Antarctic continent, located in the Earth's southern

It is washed by the Southern (or Antarctic) Ocean or, depending on definition, the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans

It is washed by the Southern (or Antarctic)

Transportation technologies on a remote area like Antarctica need to be able to deal with extremely low temperatures and continuous winds to ensure the travelers' safety

Transportation technologies on a remote area like Antarctica need

The infrastructure of land, water and air transport needs to be safe and sustainable

The infrastructure of land, water and air transport needs

Currently thousands of tourists and hundreds of scientists a year depend on the Antarctic transportation system

Currently thousands of tourists and hundreds of scientists a year

The geography of Alabama describes a state in the Southeastern States in North America

The geography of Alabama describes a state in the

It extends from high mountains to low valleys and sandy beaches

It extends from high mountains to low valleys and sandy

Alabama is 30th in size and borders four U

Alabama is 30th in size and borders four

The governor of Alabama is the head of government of the U

The governor of Alabama is the head of government of

The governor is the head of the executive branch of Alabama's state government and is charged with enforcing state laws

The governor is the head of the executive branch of

There have officially been 54 governors of the state of Alabama; this official numbering skips acting and military governors

There have officially been 54 governors of the state of

Their position in Christian usage has been ambiguous

Their position in Christian usage has been

There are several levels of dubiety within the general concept of apocryphal works in Judeo-Christian biblical writings

There are several levels of dubiety within the general

Apocrypha per se are outside the Hebrew Bible canon, not considered divinely inspired but regarded as worthy of study by the faithful

Apocrypha per se are outside the Hebrew Bible

Since September 2004, the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat, which implements the treaty system, is headquartered in Buenos Aires, Argentina

Since September 2004, the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat,

The main treaty was opened for signature on December 1, 1959, and officially entered into force on June 23, 1961

The main treaty was opened for signature on December

As of 2019, the treaty has 54 parties

As of 2019, the treaty has 54

Alfred William Lawson (March 24, 1869 – November 29, 1954) was a professional baseball player, aviator and utopian philosopher

Alfred William Lawson (March 24,

He was a baseball player, manager, and league promoter from 1887 through 1916 and went on to play a pioneering role in the U

He was a baseball player, manager, and league

He published two early aviation trade journals

He published two early aviation trade

Ames () is a city in Story County, Iowa, United States, located approximately north of Des Moines in central Iowa

Ames () is a city in Story County,

It is best known as the home of Iowa State University (ISU), with leading agriculture, design, engineering, and veterinary medicine colleges

It is best known as the home of Iowa State

A United States Department of Energy national laboratory, Ames Laboratory, is located on the ISU campus

A United States Department of Energy national laboratory, Ames

Abalone ( or ; via Spanish , from Rumsen aulón) is a common name for any of a group of small to very large marine gastropod molluscs in the family Haliotidae

Abalone ( or ; via Spanish, from