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প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

People may only leave home to exercise once a day, travel to and from work when it is "absolutely necessary", shop for essential items and fulfil any medical or care needs. Shops selling non-essential goods have been told to shut and gatherings in public of more than two people who do not live together will be prohibited. The UK death toll has reached 335. If people do not follow the rules police will have the powers to enforce them, including through fines and dispersing gatherings, Prime Minister Boris Johnson said in a televised statement from Downing Street. Mr Johnson said the country faced a "moment of national emergency" and staying at home was necessary to protect the NHS and save lives. He said the restrictions would be in place for at least three weeks and would be kept under constant review. The government guidance says people should only leave home for one of four reasons: Even when following the above guidance, people should minimise the amount of time spent out of their homes and should keep two metres (6ft) away from people they do not live with. The government is also stopping all social events, including weddings, baptisms and other ceremonies - but funerals will be allowed. Businesses that will not need to close include: Other premises including libraries, non-essential shops, playgrounds, outdoor gyms and places of worship have been ordered to close. Parks will remain open for exercise but people are not allowed to gather in groups. Community centres can remain open but only for the purpose of "hosting essential voluntary or public services" such as food banks or service for homeless people, the guidance says. Hotels, hostels, campsites and caravan parks must also close unless key workers need to stay there, or if other people staying there cannot return to their primary residence. Scientists have said each person with coronavirus infects 2.5 people and that takes about five days. This means, over a period of 30 days, more than 400 people will have been infected as a result of that one person. If a person halves their social exposure, that first infection leads to only 15 infections after 30 days. 'Real challenge' Several police forces said they were facing a high number of phone calls from members of the public seeking clarification on the new restrictions. Northamptonshire Police Chief Constable Nick Adderley warned the public not to "cripple" his force's phone lines. Martin Hewitt, chair of the National Police Chiefs' Council, said they were working with the government and other agencies to work out how best to enforce the new rules. But Ken Marsh, chairman of the Metropolitan Police Federation, said he was already seeing "large amounts of sickness" among officers across London and enforcing the new restrictions would be "a real, real challenge". "We will be dealing with it, but I'm not sure we will have the resources to be able to see it through," he added. Home Secretary Priti Patel said in a tweet that the next few weeks would be "testing" for police but that she would make sure officers had "the resources they need to keep themselves and the public safe". Scotland's First Minister Nicola Sturgeon said the new restrictions "amount to a lockdown" and are "not done lightly". "I am not going to sugarcoat it in any way," she said. "Coronavirus is the biggest challenge of our lifetime." In a tweet, First Minister of Northern Ireland Arlene Foster urged people to follow the restrictions "to save lives and protect our hospitals". First Minister of Wales Mark Drakeford said "these are really big changes for us all". "We are making them because of the speed the virus is continuing to spread," he added. Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn said the measures were "the right response". "The government must close the loopholes to give security to all workers, including the self-employed, as well as renters and mortgage holders," he added. The prime minister said the measures were necessary to tackle "the biggest threat this country has faced for decades". "Without a huge national effort to halt the growth of this virus, there will come a moment when no health service in the world could possibly cope; because there won't be enough ventilators, enough intensive care beds, enough doctors and nurses," he said. "And as we have seen elsewhere, in other countries that also have fantastic health care systems, that is the moment of real danger. "To put it simply, if too many people become seriously unwell at one time, the NHS will be unable to handle it - meaning more people are likely to die, not just from coronavirus but from other illnesses as well." It seems hard to overstate how huge an impact this will have on the country, and what a massive decision this is for the government to have taken - whose effect will last at least for a period of three weeks at the shortest, potentially for very much longer. Remember this though is not quite the kind of total crackdown we have seen in other countries - at least not yet. Despite tonight's enormous announcement, there are steps that other places have taken - curfews or total travel bans for example - that the UK is not pursuing. The government is not triggering the Civil Contingencies Act, designed for the most serious emergencies which gives ministers draconian powers. Not surprisingly, there is already therefore enormous controversy about whether the UK has been acting fast enough. Read more from Laura The prime minister said he knew the "damage" the restrictions were causing to people's lives, businesses and jobs but at present there were "no easy options". "The way ahead is hard, and it is still true that many lives will sadly be lost," he said. However, Mr Johnson said there was "a clear way through", by strengthening the NHS with former clinicians returning to work, accelerating the search for treatments and a vaccine and buying millions of testing kits. A further 46 people have died in England since Sunday - aged between 47 and 105 and all with underlying health conditions - while there were four deaths in Scotland and four in Wales. There have been 83,945 tests to date, with 6,650 confirmed cases of coronavirus in the UK. Meanwhile, Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab said Britons travelling abroad should return to the UK as soon as possible because international travel is becoming more difficult with the closure of borders and the suspension of flights. And people in the most at-risk groups have begun receiving an NHS text urging them to stay at home for 12 weeks. Later on Monday night, following Mr Johnson's address, emergency legislation introducing measures to respond to the outbreak cleared the House of Commons and will now go to the Lords for further debate. Under the legislation, airports could shut and police would be able to force people with virus symptoms to isolate. The powers, which would have to be renewed every six months, are expected to be approved by MPs. Elsewhere, the British Olympic Association said Great Britain will not send a team to Tokyo 2020 if the spread of coronavirus continues as predicted. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) has given itself four weeks to decide on the future of the Games, but IOC member Dick Pound said it has already been decided that the tournament will be postponed until 2021. In other key developments:

করোনাভাইরাসের সংক্রমণ ঠেকাতে জনজীবনে কঠোর নিষেধাজ্ঞার ঘোষণা দিয়েছেন যুক্তরাজ্যের প্রধানমন্ত্রী।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

Her conviction was overturned last year by the Supreme Court. She was originally convicted in 2010 after being accused of insulting the Prophet Muhammad in a row with her neighbours. Asia Bibi has always maintained her innocence in a highly sensitive case that has polarised Pakistan. Pakistani government officials did not reveal her destination, or say when she left. But her lawyer Saif ul Malook told the BBC she had already arrived in Canada, where two of her daughters are understood to have been granted asylum. Asia Noreen - commonly known as Asia Bibi - was kept at a secret location while arrangements were made for her to leave the country. In a statement, US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said he wishes Asia Bibi "all the best" now she has been "safely reunited with her family". The Supreme Court's quashing of her sentence last October led to violent protests by religious hardliners who support strong blasphemy laws, while more liberal sections of society urged her release. Last year, Pakistani authorities arrested prominent Islamic cleric Khadim Hussain Rizvi, whose Tehreek-e-Labbaik (TLP) party led mass protests over Asia Bibi's acquittal. Dozens of his supporters and TLP leaders were also detained. Officials say they were arrested to maintain public order after the cleric urged his supporters to "jam the whole country" if he was arrested. Islamist groups have regularly called for Asia Bibi to be executed and activists say she would not have been safe had she stayed in Pakistan. What was she accused of? The trial stems from an argument Asia Bibi had with a group of women in June 2009. They were harvesting fruit when a row broke out about a bucket of water. The women said that because she had used a cup, they could no longer touch it, as her faith had made it unclean. Prosecutors alleged that in the row which followed, the women said Asia Bibi should convert to Islam and that she made offensive comments about the Prophet Muhammad in response. She was later beaten up at her home, during which her accusers say she confessed to blasphemy. She was arrested after a police investigation. Acquitting her, the Supreme Court said that the case was based on unreliable evidence and her confession was delivered in front of a crowd "threatening to kill her". How embarrassing has this been for Pakistan? Analysis by Ilyas Khan, BBC News, Islamabad The Pakistani government's muted, though willing, admission of Asia Bibi's departure indicates the closure of a case that brought the country much embarrassment. There is also a sense that justice may finally have been done in an area where religious fanaticism has long overruled due process. Asia Bibi is one among hundreds of Pakistani citizens who have been charged with blasphemy over the past few decades. But her case stood out when a prominent politician and governor of the country's largest province, Salman Taseer, was murdered in 2011. He had publicly expressed sympathy for her and vowed to reform the blasphemy law. This propelled her to the centre of a raging controversy. It was international attention which ultimately forced the Pakistani authorities to work behind the scenes to neutralise the forces that were expected to kick up a fuss if she were freed. Read more from Ilyas: Pakistan Supreme Court's 'historic' ruling Canada, whose Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has reportedly offered her asylum, told the BBC it has no comment on her case or whereabouts. In November 2018, Mr Trudeau said talks were under way with Pakistan over Asia Bibi, saying Canada is a "welcoming country". Mr Trudeau confirmed the negotiations after Asia Bibi's husband, Ashiq Masih, pleaded for asylum from the UK, US or Canada. He said Pakistan was "very dangerous" for him and his family after Pakistani authorities struck a deal with TLP to end protests over his wife's acquittal. In a recent interview with the BBC, Pakistan's Prime Minister Imran Khan said she was "safe" and would be departing the country "very soon". Why has her case been so divisive? Islam is Pakistan's national religion and underpins its legal system. Public support for the strict blasphemy laws is strong. Hardline politicians have often backed severe punishments, partly as a way of shoring up their support base. But critics say the laws have often been used to exact revenge after personal disputes, and that convictions are based on thin evidence. The vast majority of those convicted are Muslims or members of the Ahmadi community who identify themselves as Muslims but are regarded as heretical by orthodox Islam. Since the 1990s scores of Christians have also been convicted. They make up just 1.6% of the population. The Christian community has been targeted by numerous attacks in recent years, leaving many feeling vulnerable to a climate of intolerance. Since 1990, at least 65 people have reportedly been killed in Pakistan over claims of blasphemy. Asia Bibi, who was born in 1971 and has four children, was the first woman to be sentenced to death under the blasphemy laws.

পাকিস্তানের ধর্ম অবমাননার অভিযোগে অভিযুক্ত আসিয়া বিবি পাকিস্তান ছেড়ে চলে গেছেন বলে দেশটির কর্তৃপক্ষ নিশ্চিত করেছে।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

In a report released on Thursday, HRW said it had reverse engineered the app to see how mass surveillance worked. The app is used to closely monitor behaviours, it said, including lack of socialising, using too much electricity or having acquaintances abroad. Rights groups say Uighur Muslims are being severely persecuted in China. The UN has said there are credible reports up to a million Uighurs are being held in detention in Xinjiang, in what China says are "re-education centres". 'Most intrusive surveillance system' According to the rights group's report, the app is used by officials to record and file away information about people. In particular, it targets "36 person types" that authorities should pay attention to. These include people who seldom use their front door, use an abnormal amount of electricity and those that have gone on Hajj - an Islamic pilgrimage - without state authorisation. The report does not make explicit mention of any ethnic groups specifically targeted, but the "36 person types" include "unofficial" imams - Islamic leaders - and those who follow Wahhabism, an Islamic doctrine. The information taken from the app will be fed into the central system of the Integrated Joint Operations Platform (IJOP) - the main system for mass surveillance in Xinjiang, says HRW. HRW senior China researcher Maya Wang said IJOP was "one of the world's most intrusive mass surveillance systems". "It gathers information from checkpoints on the street, gas stations, schools... pulls information from these facilities and monitors them for 'unusual' behaviour that triggers alerts [to the]authorities." The app was obtained and analysed by HRW in partnership with Cure53, a Berlin-based security firm. As well as its Xinjiang operations, China has 170 million CCTV cameras in place across the country and by the end of 2020, an estimated 400 million new ones will be installed. All this is part of China's aim to build what it calls "the world's biggest camera surveillance network". China's also setting up a "social credit" system that is meant to keep score of the conduct and public interactions of all its citizens. The aim is that by 2020, everyone in China will be enrolled in a vast national database that compiles fiscal and government information, including minor traffic violations, and distils it into a single number - ranking each citizen. China's detention camps Xinjiang is a semi-autonomous region and in theory at least, has a degree of self-governance away from Beijing. The Uighurs, a mostly Muslim ethnic minority, make up around 45% of its population. HRW's report comes as China faces increasing scrutiny over its treatment of them and other minorities in Xinjiang. Up to one million Uighurs are being held in detention camps across Xinjiang, a UN human rights committee heard last year. One member said she was concerned by reports that Beijing had "turned the Uighur autonomous region into something that resembles a massive internment camp". A BBC investigation last year revealed that what appear to be "large prison-type structures" have been built across Xinjiang in the past few years. China says these buildings are "vocational training centres" used to educate and integrate Muslim Uighurs and steer them away from separatism and extremism. A Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman, Hua Chunying, said, "everyone can see that people of all ethnicities in Xinjiang live and work in peace and contentment and enjoy peaceful and progressing lives".

চীনে শিনজিয়াং প্রদেশের উইগর মুসলিম জনগোষ্ঠীর লক্ষ লক্ষ লোকের উপাত্ত সংগ্রহ করার জন্য একটি মোবাইল অ্যাপ ব্যবহার করছে চীনা পুলিশ।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

Data from the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CCDC) finds that more than 80% of the cases have been mild, with the sick and elderly most at risk. The research also points to the high risk to medical staff. A hospital director in the city of Wuhan died from the virus on Tuesday. Liu Zhiming, 51, was the director of the Wuchang Hospital in Wuhan - one of the leading hospitals in the virus epicentre. He is one of the most senior health officials to die so far. Hubei, whose capital is Wuhan, is the worst affected province in the country. The report by the CCDC shows the province's death rate is 2.9% compared with 0.4% in the rest of the country. The findings put the overall death rate of the Covid-19 virus at 2.3%. China's latest official figures released on Tuesday put the overall death toll at 1,868 and 72,436 infections. Officials reported 98 new deaths and 1,886 new cases in the past day, with 93 of those deaths and 1,807 infections in Hubei province - the epicentre of the outbreak. More than 12,000 people have recovered, according to Chinese authorities. What does the study tell us? The paper by the CCDC, released on Monday and published in the Chinese Journal of Epidemiology, looked at more than 44,000 confirmed cases of Covid-19 in China as of 11 February. Ask me Share this chatbot While the results largely confirm previous descriptions of the virus and patterns of infection, the study includes a detailed breakdown of the 44,672 confirmed cases across all of China. It finds that 80.9% of infections are classified as mild, 13.8% as severe and only 4.7% as critical. The number of deaths among those infected, known as the fatality rate, remains low but rises among those over 80 years old. Looking at the sex ratio, men are more likely to die (2.8%) than women (1.7%). The study also identifies which existing illnesses put patients at risk. It puts cardiovascular disease at number one, followed by diabetes, chronic respiratory disease and hypertension. Pointing out the risk to medical staff, the paper says that a total of 3,019 health workers have been infected, 1,716 of which were confirmed cases. Five had died by 11 February, which was the last day of data included in the research. On 13 February, China broadened its definition of how to diagnose people, including "clinically diagnosed cases" which previously were counted separate from "confirmed cases". This is by far the most detailed study of the coronavirus outbreak within China. It gives us incredible insight into what is happening, but the picture is far from complete. You can study only the cases you find, and other scientists have estimated there could be 10 times as many people infected as are ending up in the official statistics. That means the overall death rate is likely to be lower than the one reported in this study. The report also suggests the outbreak peaked in late January, but it is too soon to know for sure. What this analysis clearly describes is a "highly contagious" virus that spreads "extremely rapidly" even in the face of an "extreme response" by China. That should be a warning to the rest of the world. What does it say about the future? Looking forward, the paper finds that "the epidemic curve of onset of symptoms" peaked around 23-26 January before declining up to 11 February. The study suggests that the downward trend in the overall epidemic curve could mean that "isolation of whole cities, broadcast of critical information (e.g., promoting hand washing, mask wearing, and care seeking) with high frequency through multiple channels, and mobilization of a multi-sector rapid response teams is helping to curb the epidemic". But the authors also warn that with many people returning from a long holiday, the country "needs to prepare for the possible rebound of the epidemic". China's response to the virus has seen the lockdown of Wuhan - the largest city in Hubei - and the rest of the province as well as severe travel restrictions on movements across the country. What's happening with the cruise ships? The virus has spread beyond mainland China to countries around the globe and two cruise ships are now confirmed to have been affected. The Diamond Princess was quarantined in the Japanese port of Yokohama on 3 February, after a man from Hong Kong tested positive. More than 450 of the 3,700 people on board have since become infected. The US has begun evacuating its citizens from the vessel. On Tuesday South Korea joined the list of the countries and territories also planning to get their residents out which already includes Canada, Australia, the UK, Israel and Hong Kong. A second ship, the MS Westerdam, was turned away by multiple ports around Asia over fears it could be carrying the virus. It was finally cleared to dock in Sihanoukville, Cambodia, after no cases were found on board. Disembarking passengers were personally welcomed by Prime Minister Hun Sen. No one was quarantined. However, days later, a woman who had been on the ship tested positive after arriving in Malaysia. Huge efforts are now being made to track down the passengers, who have moved on to many different countries including Malaysia and Thailand, but also further afield to the US and Canada. Several countries have said they will not admit foreign visitors who were on the ship. There are still 255 guests and 747 crew on board the MS Westerdam, while more than 400 passengers have been sent to a hotel in the Cambodian capital, Phnom Penh, to await test results.

চীনের স্বাস্থ্যা কর্মকর্তারা ৪৪ হাজারের বেশি কোভিড-১৯আক্রান্ত ব্যক্তির বিস্তারিত নিয়ে একটি জরিপের ফল প্রকাশ করেছে, বলা হচ্ছে সংক্রমণ ছড়িয়ে পড়ার পর এটাই এই রোগ নিয়ে বৃহত্তম জরিপ।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

Nguyen Phu Trong, who is both president and head of the ruling Communist Party, vanished from the public eye after falling ill on 14 April. Speculation intensified on Friday when the 75-year-old was absent from the funeral of former president Le Duc Anh. State media have not explained why Mr Trong, who was due to preside over the state funeral, did not appear. Well-guarded secret A government spokesperson said prior to the funeral that the president's health had been affected by "the high intensity of his workload and weather". The spokesman added that Mr Trong would return to work soon, but his failure to appear at the state funeral has fuelled speculation. Discretion over the health of party leaders and government officials is a way to portray Vietnam as a stable nation under single-party rule, said Giang Nguyen, news editor of the BBC's Vietnamese service. "Last November, Vietnam passed a law to classify the health of top party leaders and government officials as 'state secrets', in an attempt to protect them from malicious rumours and what they consider 'anti-government attacks' by hostile forces," he said. "This piece of legislation, although it has not yet come into life, already made local journalists very cautious when reporting about the alleged illness of President Nguyen Phu Trong, leaving room to social media and foreign media to speculate about his situation." Despite his age and image of a conservative ideologue, Mr Trong has gained popularity thanks to an anti-corruption campaign which led to the arrest of former ministers and police officers. Mr Trong met North Korean leader Kim Jong Un and US president Donald Trump in February when talks were taking place between the two countries in Vietnam.

তিন সপ্তাহ ধরে জনসম্মুখে আসছেননা ভিয়েতনামের প্রেসিডেন্ট, আর এর মধ্যেই বাড়ছে তার স্বাস্থ্য নিয়ে নানা জল্পনা কল্পনা।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

Sylvi Listhaug also said smokers were made to feel like pariahs. A populist politician with anti-immigration views, she was appointed as the new health minister on Friday, a year after being forced to quit over a security row. Critics say she has little understanding of what public health is. "My starting point for this with public health is very simple. I do not plan to be the moral police, and will not tell people how to live their lives, but I intend to help people get information that forms the basis for making choices," she told Norwegian broadcaster NRK in an interview on Monday. "People should be allowed to smoke, drink and eat as much red meat as much as they want. The authorities may like to inform, but people know pretty much what is healthy and what is not healthy, I think." Smokers were made to feel like pariahs, Ms Listhaug, herself a former smoker, added. "I think many smokers feel like pariahs. So they almost feel they have to hide away, and I think that's stupid. Although smoking is not good, because it is harmful, adults have to decide for themselves what they do. "The only thing we as governments are to do is to provide information so that people can make informed choices. That is why we should, among other things, [devise] a tobacco strategy now, which will help prevent young people from starting to smoke and often want to make more adults quit." Ms Listhaug says she only smokes rarely now, mainly on social occasions. Norway's Cancer Society's secretary general said Ms Listhaug's comments were potentially harmful to public health. "Many will adhere to what she says. That is to say, public health [has been] set back many decades," Anne Lise Ryel told NRK. Ms Listhaug, whose right-wing Progress Party is part of the four-member coalition government headed by the Conservative Party, is no stranger to controversy. Last year, she was forced to resign after accusing the Labour and the Christian Democrats parties of putting "terrorists' rights" before national security after they helped defeat a bill that would have given the state the right to strip individuals of Norwegian citizenship if they were suspected of terrorism or of joining foreign militant groups. The Christian Democrats, who were not in the cabinet at the time, threatened to bring down the government unless she quit. In 2016, she was ridiculed for jumping off a rescue boat into the Mediterranean to see what it is like to be a refugee.

স্বাস্থ্যমন্ত্রী হয়েও মানুষ যতটা চায় ততটা মদ্যপান, ধূমপান এবং মাংস খেতে উদ্বুদ্ধ করার পরামর্শ দিয়ে বেশ বিপাকেই পড়েছেন নরওয়ের নতুন স্বাস্থ্যমন্ত্রী।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

By Reality Check teamBBC News Now questions are being asked as to whether a deadly price has been paid for this - in the lives of election officials, more than 500 of whom are reported to have died during the vote and in the following days. Media reports say the burden of organising and counting the votes led to exhaustion and death for some of the seven million or so workers who took part. But were the deaths above the average that would be expected in Indonesia for this group of people had there not been an election? How many officials died? The vote on 17 April was a huge logistical exercise with more than 190 million voters taking part in a country made up of 18,000 islands and covering nearly two million square kilometres. The Indonesian election commission told the BBC there were 7,385,500 personnel involved in running the poll, of whom 5,672,303 were civilian workers. The rest were security personnel guarding polling stations. All the counting was done by hand, and reports suggest it often continued through the night and into the next day to meet deadlines. By 28 April, the election commission said that more than 270 of these election workers had died from overwork-related conditions.. It also said another 1,878 had fallen ill. This death toll was subsequently revised upwards to more than 550. Was the death toll higher than expected? With more than seven million people involved in the poll, you would expect a significant number to die during the poll in line with national death rates. The question is: was this number higher as a result of the election? Well, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), Indonesia has a death rate of 7.16 per 1,000 per year (2017 data). So applying that death rate to the figure of seven million election workers, you would expect around 137 people to die daily. Let's assume that each election official was involved for four days - that would include any preparation, the poll itself and the subsequent counting. Based on the national death rate above, you would expect around 548 people to die during this time. This is pretty much exactly in line with the figure given by the Indonesian election commission. Which groups were most affected? This very approximate calculation does not take into account age, gender, health conditions or other factors. The Indonesian authorities said that most of those who died were workers aged over 50. So you would perhaps expect a higher death rate among election workers than for the overall population. Continuing controversy It is clear that the conditions under which election officials were required to work remains a matter of intense debate - despite there being no clear evidence that more died than would have been expected over a similar period. In a report on election deaths, released by the Indonesian health ministry, it lists a number of health conditions which it says contributed to the deaths, including heart failure, strokes, respiratory problems, meningitis and sepsis. We do not know how many of those who died had pre-existing health issues. Of those admitted to hospital complaining of fatigue and stress, most had worked non-stop for 24 hours or longer to get their vote counts finished. Add to that the fact they may also have spent several days before the vote ensuring everything was ready. The weather was hot in April. although not excessively so. Jesse Hession Grayman of the University of Auckland says that while the number of deaths is unusual compared to the 2014 election when the death toll was 144, more work is needed before reaching a conclusion. "It would need a detailed investigation of the demographic and health profiles of the election workers to see if the numbers fall within expected mortality rates," he told the BBC. The controversy over the deaths has now sparked a debate about health checks being implemented in future for election officials, and the need for proper breaks and management of the workflow. There have also been suggestions that Indonesia should look to other Asian democracies such as India and South Korea, where voting is staggered and technology is used to help record and count votes. Read more from Reality Check Send us your questions Follow us on Twitter

গত মাসে ইন্দোনেশিয়ায় রাষ্ট্রপতি, জাতীয় ও আঞ্চলিক নির্বাচন অনুষ্ঠিত হয়। একদিনে এত বড় ভোট প্রক্রিয়া পৃথিবীতে খুব একটা দেখা যায় না।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

Protesters are gathering at New York's John F Kennedy airport to demand the release of 11 refugees held there. Donald Trump defended the executive order on Saturday, saying it was "not a Muslim ban". He is facing a legal challenge from several rights groups. The seven countries affected by a 90-day travel ban for nationals are Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen. The US's entire refugee admissions programme - affecting people from many more countries - has been suspended for 120 days. Those fleeing Syria as refugees are banned until further notice. Trump border policy: Key points May fails to condemn Trump on refugees "It's working out very nicely. You see it at the airports, you see it all over," Mr Trump told reporters at the Oval Office on Saturday, where he was signing more executive orders on lobbying and tackling so-called Islamic State. "We're going to have a very, very strict ban and we're going to have extreme vetting which we should have had in this country for many years." Who is affected by the order? The people being detained at US airports are those who were already in transit at the time Mr Trump issued his order on Friday. They are likely to be few in number - there are known to be 11 at JFK. But Donald Trump's wide-ranging order is likely to affect many more people, as it prevents citizens of the seven named countries from travelling to the US at all - even if they have valid visas. On Saturday five Iraqi passengers and a Yemeni national were prevented from boarding a flight at Cairo airport bound for New York. Dutch airline KLM said it had turned away seven people who were booked onto its flights into the US because they would no longer have been accepted The restriction applies to dual nationals - so, for example, a British citizen who is also a citizen of Iran would not be able to enter the US. It also applies to green card holders - legal permanent residents of the US - from the seven countries. Those who are currently out of the country will be considered for re-entry to the US on a "case-by-case basis", according to one administration official. US entry ban victims vent fury Who has filed a lawsuit? Human rights groups, including the National Immigration Law Centre (NILC) and the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), filed a lawsuit in New York to demand the release of two Iraqi men who were in the air bound for the US when the executive order was signed. One of them, Haneed Khalid Darweesh, who had worked as a US Army interpreter, was released on Saturday afternoon. The other man, Haider Sameer Abdulkhaleq Alshawi, remains in detention. New York Representative Jerry Nadler tweeted that he and fellow Democratic Representative Nydia Velazquez were working to help 10 more refugees still being held. Mark Doss, a lawyer for the two Iraqis, said he was delighted that Mr Darweesh had been released by border officials: "This obviously was an illegal detention. This is a discriminatory order from President Trump and we will continue to fight for all of the refugees, immigrants and non-immigrants that are coming to the United States [and] are being illegally detained." What is the advice for people affected by the order? The Council on American-Islamic relations advised non-US citizens, including green card holders, from the seven countries to plan to delay all international travel for at least 90 days. Google has urged travelling staff members who are nationals of the seven countries affected to return to the US as quickly as possible. Why was the order introduced? Mr Trump said the measures detailed in his executive order would "keep radical Islamic terrorists out of the US". But rights groups say there is no link between Syrian refugees in the US and terrorism. Announcing the measures at the Pentagon on Friday, the president said "we will never forget the lessons of 9/11". But none of the 9/11 hijackers were from the seven countries affected by the measures - they mostly had Saudi Arabian citizenship. The perpetrators of other recent attacks in the US that have been linked to Islamic extremism were also not from the seven countries: How have people in the US responded to the ban? During the election campaign, Mr Trump suggested a "total and complete shutdown of Muslims entering the United States until our country's representatives can figure out what is going on". At the time, this call was widely rejected by both Democrats and Republicans. While many Democratic politicians have spoken out angrily over Friday's executive order, many of Mr Trump's fellow Republicans have been silent. A spokeswoman for Speaker of the House of Representatives, Paul Ryan, reiterated his support for the executive order, the Washington Post reports. "This is not a religious test and it is not a ban on people of any religion," AshLee Strong said. Republican Charlie Dent, whose Pennsylvania district has a sizeable Syrian population, has called on President Trump's administration to "halt enforcement of this order", according to the New York Times. Mr Trump's Vice-President Mike Pence called the proposed ban on Muslims "offensive and unconstitutional" in a tweet in December 2015. What has the international response been? Iran has described Mr Trump's order as an "insult to the Islamic world" and said it would respond with appropriate legal and diplomatic measures. British Prime Minister Theresa May said the UK did not agree "with this kind of approach" and will appeal to the US if it affects British citizens. Her Canadian counterpart, Justin Trudeau, tweeted that Canadians would welcome those fleeing persecution, terror and war "regardless of your faith". Canada's Trudeau takes a stand on US ban Trump border policy: World reacts What about refugees from Syria's war? All refugees from Syria, which has been torn apart by civil war for the past six years, are banned from entering the US indefinitely. The executive order also sets a cap of 50,000 for all refugees in 2017 - less than half of the upper limit under Mr Trump's predecessor, Barack Obama. Have you or your family been affected by the entry restrictions? Get in touch by emailing [email protected]. Please include a contact number if you are willing to speak to a BBC journalist. You can also contact us in the following ways:

যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের প্রেসিডেন্ট ডোনাল্ড ট্রাম্প কয়েকটি মুসলিম দেশ থেকে শরণার্থীদের প্রবেশ, নিষিদ্ধ করে নিদের্শনা জারির পর, নিউ ইয়র্কের জন এফ কেনেডি বিমানবন্দরে ১১ জন শরণার্থীকে আটকের ঘটনা ঘটেছে।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

By Robin LustigPresenter, The Future of English, BBC World Service Which country boasts the most English speakers, or people learning to speak English? The answer is China. According to a study published by Cambridge University Press, up to 350 million people there have at least some knowledge of English - and at least another 100 million in India. There are probably more people in China who speak English as a second language than there are Americans who speak it as their first. (A fifth of Americans speak a language other than English in their own homes.) But for how much longer will English qualify as the "world's favourite language"? The World Economic Forum estimates about 1.5 billion people around the world speak it - but fewer than 400 million have it as their first language. Of course, there is more than one English, even in England. In the historic port city of Portsmouth, for example, the regional dialect - Pompey - is still very much in use, despite the challenges from new forms of online English and American English. English is the world's favourite lingua franca - the language people are most likely to turn to when they don't share a first language. Imagine, for example, a Chinese speaker who speaks no French in conversation with a French speaker who speaks no Chinese. The chances are that they would use English. Five years ago, perhaps. But not any more. Thanks to advances in computer translation and voice-recognition technology, they can each speak their own language, and hear what their interlocutor is saying, machine-translated in real time. So English's days as the world's top global language may be numbered. To put it at its most dramatic: the computers are coming, and they are winning. You are probably reading this in English, the language in which I wrote it. But with a couple of clicks on your computer, or taps on your tablet, you could just as easily be reading it in German or Japanese. So why bother to learn English if computers can now do all the hard work for you? At present, if you want to do business internationally, or play the latest video games, or listen to the latest popular music, you're going to have a difficult time if you don't speak any English. But things are changing fast. In California, Wonkyum Lee, a South Korean computer scientist for Gridspace, is helping to develop translation and voice-recognition technology that will be so good that when you call a customer service helpline, you won't know whether you're talking to a human or a computer. Christopher Manning, professor of machine learning, linguistics and computer science at Stanford University, insists there is no reason why, in the very near future, computer translation technology can't be as good as, or better than, human translators. But this is not the only challenge English is facing. Because so many people speak it as their second or third language, hybrid forms are spreading, combining elements of "standard" English with vernacular languages. In India alone, you can find Hinglish (Hindi-English), Benglish (Bengali-English) and Tanglish (Tamil-English). In the US, many Hispanic Americans, with their roots in Central and South America, speak Spanglish, combining elements from English and the language of their parents and grandparents. Language is more than a means of communication. It is also an expression of identity - telling us something about a person's sense of who they are. The San Francisco poet Josiah Luis Alderete, who writes in Spanglish, calls it the "language of resistance", a way for Hispanic Americans to hold on to - and express pride in - their heritage, even if they were born and brought up in the US. English owes its global dominance to being the language of what until recently were two of the world's most powerful nations: the US and the UK. But now, especially with the rise of China as an economic superpower, the language is being challenged. If you are an ambitious young jobseeker in sub-Saharan Africa, you might be better off learning Mandarin Chinese and looking for work in China than relying on your school-level English and hoping for a job in the US or UK. In the US itself, learning Chinese is becoming increasingly popular. In 2015, it was reported that the number of school students studying the language had doubled in two years and, at college level, there had been a 50% rise over the past decade. In Uganda, however, all secondary schools must conduct classes entirely in English, and some parents teach their young children English as their first language. In many parts of the world, English is still regarded as a passport to success. So is the future of English at risk? I don't think so, although its global dominance may well diminish over the coming decades. Like all languages, it is constantly changing and adapting to new needs. Until recently, "text" and "friend" were simple nouns. Now, they are also verbs, as in "I'll text you," or "Why don't you friend me?" Computerised translation technology, the spread of hybrid languages, the rise of China - all pose real challenges. But I continue to count myself immensely fortunate to have been born in a country where I can cherish and call my own the language of Chaucer, Shakespeare, Milton and Dickens, even though the language I call English is very different from theirs. Find out more:

বিশ্বজুড়ে শত কোটি মানুষ ইংরেজি ভাষায় কথা বলেন। কিন্তু অনুবাদ প্রযুক্তির উন্নতি এবং 'হাইব্রিড ভাষার' বা ভাষার মিশ্রণ-এর কারণে এর মর্যাদা কি এখন হুমকিতে?

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

While the sales are legal, human rights campaigners and cyber-security experts have expressed serious concerns these powerful tools could be used to spy on millions of people and thwart any signs of dissent. The investigation began in the small Danish town of Norresundby, home to ETI, a company specialising in high-tech surveillance equipment. ETI developed a system called Evident, which enabled governments to conduct mass surveillance of their citizens' communications. A former employee, speaking to the BBC anonymously, described how Evident worked. "You'd be able to intercept any internet traffic," he said. "If you wanted to do a whole country, you could. You could pin-point people's location based on cellular data. You could follow people around. They were quite far ahead with voice recognition. They were capable of decrypting stuff as well." One early customer of the new system was the Tunisian government. The BBC tracked down a former Tunisian intelligence official who operated Evident for the country's veteran leader, President Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali. "ETI installed it and engineers came for training sessions," he explained. "[It] works with keywords. You put in an opponent's name and you will see all the sites, blogs, social networks related to that user." The source says President Ben Ali used the system to crack down on opponents until his overthrow in January 2011, in the first popular uprising of the Arab Spring. Campaigners 'vanished' As protests spread across the Arab world, social media became a key tool for organisers. Governments began shopping around for more sophisticated cyber-surveillance systems - opening up a lucrative new market for companies like BAE Systems. In 2011, BAE bought ETI and the company became part of BAE Systems Applied Intelligence. Over the next five years, BAE used its Danish subsidiary to supply Evident systems to many Middle Eastern countries with questionable human rights records. Freedom of information requests submitted by the BBC and the Dagbladet Information newspaper in Denmark revealed exports to Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Qatar, Oman, Morocco and Algeria. While it is not possible to link individual cases directly to the Evident system, increased levels of cyber-surveillance since the start of the Arab Spring have had a direct and devastating impact on the activities of human rights and democracy campaigners in many of the states that acquired it. "I wouldn't be exaggerating if I said more than 90% of the most active campaigners in 2011 have now vanished," says Yahya Assiri, a former Saudi air force officer who fled the country after posting pro-democracy statements online. "It used to be that 'the walls have ears', but now it's 'smartphones have ears,'" says Manal al-Sharif, a Saudi women's rights activist who also now lives abroad. "No country monitors its own people the way they do in the Gulf countries. They have the money, so they can buy advanced surveillance software." The situation has led campaigners to voice deep concerns about the future of civil society in the Middle East. "Surveillance will destroy people's confidence in organising, expressing and sharing ideas, trying to create a political movement," warns Gus Hosein of London-based Privacy International. 'Responsible trading' The BBC has also asked for responses from the governments of Saudi Arabia, Oman and the UAE. It has not yet received any replies. All sales of Evident were made entirely legally under Danish government export licences, issued by the Danish Business Authority. BAE Systems in the UK declined a BBC request for an interview on the issue, saying it was against company policy to comment on specific contracts. But in a written statement the company said: "BAE systems works for a number of organisations around the world within the regulatory framework of all relevant countries and within our responsible trading principles." During the course of the BBC investigation, it emerged that sales of Evident could also potentially have an impact on national security in the UK. An upgraded version of the system now offers another capability - decryption or, to use the technical term, cryptanalysis. This enables users to read communications even if they have been security encrypted. Cryptanalysis is such a powerful tool that its export is tightly controlled. Export authorisations The BBC has obtained a 2015 email exchange between the British and Danish export authorities in which the British side clearly expresses concern about this capability with reference to an Evident sale to the United Arab Emirates. "We would refuse a licence to export this cryptanalysis software from the UK because of Criteria 5 concerns," says the email. "Criteria 5" refers to the national security of the UK and its allies. The worry is that the software could give users access to the UK's own communications. "Once you've sold the equipment to someone they can probably do what they want with it," says Ross Anderson, professor of Security Engineering at Cambridge University. "An Arab country wants to buy cryptanalysis equipment supposedly for its own law enforcement. They have embassies in London, Washington, Paris and Berlin. What's to stop them putting bulk surveillance equipment in our cities and then using the cryptanalysis equipment to decipher all the mobile phone calls they hear?" Despite British objections, the Danish authorities approved the Evident export. The Danish foreign ministry declined to be interviewed but in statement said the Danish Business Authority would not grant export authorisation if an EU member state requested that it did not because of security concerns. Defence experts argue that at a time when countries around the world face heightened terrorist threats, there is a clear justification for sales of surveillance equipment. "It's a trade-off," says Jonathan Shaw, former head of Cyber-Security at the UK Ministry of Defence. "I would imagine the consideration that plays in people's minds is not so much the economic advantage... but it's that the security of the state we're talking to is closely linked to ours. Or they are tracking people who are a direct threat to Britain and we need their assistance." According to a 2016 UK Home Office report, mass surveillance technology has played a significant role in every major counter-terrorism investigation in the last decade. "The more terrorist incidents there are, the more people will start to see the benefits of favouring security over privacy," Mr Shaw adds. No-one from the UK government was willing to speak to the BBC about the implications of Evident sales, but the Department for International Trade issued a statement: "The government takes its defence export responsibilities very seriously and operates one of the most robust export control regimes in the world. All export licence applications are assessed on a case-by-case basis against strict criteria, taking account of all relevant factors at the time of the application, including human rights considerations." 'Unacceptable' Dutch MEP Marietje Schaake is one of the few European politicians prepared to discuss concerns about surveillance technology exports. She says European countries will ultimately pay a price for the compromises now being made. "Each and every case where someone is silenced or ends up in prison with the help of EU-made technologies I think is unacceptable," she told the BBC. "I think the fact that these companies are commercial players, developing these highly sophisticated technologies that could have a deep impact on our national security, on people's lives, requires us to look again at what kind of restrictions maybe be needed, what kind of transparency and accountability is needed in this market before it turns against our own interest and our own principles."

বিবিসি আরবী বিভাগ এবং ডেনিশ একটি নিউজপেপারের যৌথ এক অনুসন্ধানে জানা গেছে, ব্রিটিশ নিরাপত্তা সামগ্রী প্রস্তুতকারক কোম্পানি বি.এ.ই সিস্টেমের স্পর্শকাতর বিভিন্ন নিরাপত্তা প্রযুক্তি সামগ্রী দেদারসে মধ্যপ্রাচ্যে বিক্রি করা হচ্ছে ।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

By Geeta PandeyBBC News, Delhi Those fears, it now seems, are coming true, with reports of Kumbh returnees testing positive - and possibly spreading the infection - coming from many parts of the country. When Mahant Shankar Das arrived in Haridwar on 15 March to participate in the festival, cases of Covid-19 were already rising in many parts of India. On 4 April, just four days after the festival officially began, the 80-year-old Hindu priest tested positive for Covid-19 and was advised to quarantine in a tent. But instead of isolating, he packed his bags, boarded a train and travelled 1,000km (621 miles) to the city of Varanasi. There, his son Nagendra Pathak met him at the railway station and they rode a shared taxi to their village 20km (12 miles) away in the adjoining district of Mirzapur. Speaking to me on the phone from his home recently, Mahant Das said he was "now hale and hearty" and that after his return, he had remained at home in quarantine. He insisted that he did not pass on the virus to anyone else, but within days, his son and a few other villagers also developed Covid symptoms. Mr Pathak, who's also made a full recovery, says their village has seen "13 deaths in the past fortnight from fever and cough". The infections in the villagers may - or may not - be linked to Mahant Das, but health experts say his behaviour was irresponsible and that by travelling in a crowded train and sharing a taxi, he may have spread the virus to many along the way. Epidemiologist Dr Lalit Kant says "huge groups of mask-less pilgrims sitting on the river bank singing the glories of the Ganges" created an ideal environment for the virus to spread rapidly. "We already know that chorus singing in churches and temples are known to be super-spreader events." In Haridwar, officials said 2,642 devotees had tested positive, including dozens of top religious leaders. Akhilesh Yadav, former chief minister of neighbouring Uttar Pradesh state, and Nepal's former King Gyanendra Shah and former Queen Komal Shah, were among those who tested positive after returning home. Bollywood composer Shravan Rathod died in a Mumbai hospital soon after his return from Kumbh. Nine Hindu seers from one group also perished. With growing fears that the Kumbh returnees could start to infect others, several worried state governments ordered a 14-day mandatory quarantine and warned of strict action against those who withheld information about their travels. Some made the RT-PCR test mandatory for them, but few states have a database of travellers and no state has a foolproof system of testing and tracing those entering its borders. In the past fortnight, reports of Kumbh returnees testing positive have come from all over India: "It's disastrous," says Dr Kant. "And these numbers are only the tip of the iceberg. The groups of pilgrims travelling in crowded trains and buses would have the multiplier effect on the number of infections. I can say without hesitation that the Kumbh Mela is one of the main reasons behind the rise in cases in India." Mahant Das is combative when I ask him if it would have been better to cancel the Kumbh at a time India was recording huge surges in daily cases and hospitals were turning away patients due to a shortage of beds, medical oxygen and life-saving drugs. "How is it right for the government to hold election rallies and elections in West Bengal then? Why is it that only we, the devout, are being told that it was wrong to gather?" he asks. Critics say Prime Minister Narendra Modi's reluctance to cancel the gathering was because of possible backlash from Hindu religious leaders like Mahant Das. The priests, the seers and the ascetics are among the party's biggest supporters and play an important role in mobilising Hindu votes during elections. On 12 April, the first big day of the festival - when more than three million devotees took a dip in the river Ganges in the belief that bathing there would help them attain salvation - India logged more than 168,000 new cases, overtaking Brazil to become the country with the second-highest number of cases globally. The festival was scaled down only a week later after the lead monk of one of the participating groups died. Mr Modi requested the seers to turn the festival from then on into a symbolic event. But the damage had already been done. Last week, the event organisers said 9.1 million pilgrims visited Haridwar even as the Uttarakhand high court said the state had become a "laughing stock by allowing the Kumbh Mela in the midst of a raging pandemic". There had been concerns from the start that holding the Kumbh was fraught with risks. Health experts had warned the government in early March that "a new and more contagious variant of the coronavirus was taking hold in the country" and letting millions of largely unmasked people gather for a festival was not prudent. Uttarakhand's former chief minister, Trivendra Singh Rawat, told me that he had planned the Kumbh to be a "limited, symbolic event" from the start because experts were "telling me that the pandemic is not going to end soon". "The festival attracts people from not just India, but other countries too. I was worried that healthy people would visit Haridwar and take the infection back with them everywhere. " But just days before the festival, he was replaced by Tirath Singh Rawat, who famously remarked that with "the blessings of Ma Ganga [Ganges, the river goddess] in the flow, there would be no corona". The new chief minister said "nobody will be stopped", a negative Covid report was not necessary to attend, and that it would be enough to follow safety rules. But as millions descended on the town, officials struggled to impose safety norms. Haridwar's chief medical officer, Dr Shambhu Kumar Jha, told me that crowd management became "very difficult" because people didn't come with negative reports and that they "couldn't turn back the devout who had come all the way driven by faith". "You can't hang people for wanting to attend a religious festival, can you?" he asked. "There were standard operating procedures (SOPs) by the federal government and the high court and we tried our best to implement them," he added. "With crowds of that size, SOPs became almost impossible to follow. They look very good on paper, but it's impossible to implement them," Anoop Nautiyal, founder of an Uttarakhand-based think tank, told the BBC. Mr Nautiyal, who has been collating the health ministry data since the state recorded its first case on 15 March 2020, says Uttarakhand had recorded 557 cases in the week from 14 to 20 March, just as pilgrims had begun arriving. The cases rose rapidly after that, with 38,581 cases recorded between 25 April and 1 May - the last week of the festival. "It will be wrong to say all the cases were because of the festival, but the surge has coincided with the festival," he said. I asked Dr Kant if there's anything India could do now to contain the damage done by allowing the gathering. "Someone said that the devotees will take the coronavirus as prasad [god's blessing] and spread it. It's tragic that the pilgrims have carried the infection everywhere," he said. "I can't think of anything that can be done now to rectify the situation. Our ship has gone too far out into the sea. We can't even return to the safety of the harbour. It's very, very tragic. I just pray that the infections were mild and people can get over them."

গতমাসে ভারত যখন করোনাভাইরাসের বিধ্বংসী দ্বিতীয় ঢেউ সামলাতে লড়াই করছে, তার মধ্যেই হিমালয় অঞ্চলের শহর হরিদ্বারে কুম্ভ মেলায় লাখ লাখ ধর্মপ্রাণ হিন্দু সমবেত হয়েছিল। তখন অনেকেই আশংকা করেছিল, এই কুম্ভ মেলা এক "সুপার-স্প্রেডার ইভেন্ট", অর্থাৎ করোনাভাইরাস ব্যাপকভাবে ছড়ানোর এক বড় অনুষ্ঠানে পরিণত হবে।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

By Paul AdamsDiplomatic Correspondent He's promised to salvage America's reputation and says he's in a hurry. "There will be no time to lose," he wrote in Foreign Affairs magazine earlier this year. On his long to-do list is a pledge to rejoin the 2015 Iran nuclear deal - the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), to give it its formal title - one of the signature, if hotly debated, achievements of Donald Trump's predecessor in the White House, Barack Obama. Since withdrawing from the deal in May 2018, President Trump has been doing his utmost to demolish it. But despite more than two years of Mr Trump's policy of "maximum pressure" on Iran, the Islamic Republic has not buckled and is closer to acquiring the technology needed for a nuclear weapon than it was when the US started to turn the screws. Will Joe Biden, who takes office in January, return to the status quo ante? Given the passage of time and divided state of American politics, can he? "The strategy is very, very clear," says Aniseh Bassiri Tabrizi, an Iran expert at London's Royal United Services Institute (Rusi). "But it won't be easy." 'No going back' It's fair to say there are considerable challenges. The complex web of US sanctions imposed over the past two years gives Mr Biden plenty of possible leverage, should he choose to use it. So far he's talked only in terms of Iran upholding its existing JCPOA obligations. "Tehran must return to strict compliance," he wrote in January. But that's already a challenge. Following Donald Trump's exit from the JCPOA, Iran began to row back on its own commitments. In its last quarterly report, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) said Iran had stockpiled about 12 times the amount of low-enriched uranium permitted under the JCPOA. It had also started enriching uranium to higher purity than the 3.67% allowed under the deal. Low-enriched uranium is used for many civilian nuclear-related purposes - but at its highest state of purification (which Iran is nowhere near, nor known to be pursuing) it can be used in a nuclear bomb, hence the concern. More on the Iran nuclear deal While these are probably relatively straightforward issues to deal with - Iranian officials have repeatedly said their moves towards non-compliance are "reversible" - advances in Iranian research and development can't simply be erased. "We cannot go backwards," says Ali Asghar Soltanieh, Iran's former ambassador to the IAEA. "We are now reaching from point A to point B, and this is where we are now." Political pressure But Iran, which has weathered the Trump storm, has its own demands. Officials say the removal of sanctions won't be enough. Iran expects to be compensated for two-and-a-half years of crippling economic damage. With Iran's own presidential elections looming in June next year, reformist and hardline camps are jockeying for position. President Hassan Rouhani's ratings have fallen as Iran's economic situation has worsened. Will Joe Biden feel the need to boost Mr Rouhani's chances by starting to ease sanctions? Nasser Hadian-Jazy, a professor of political science at the University of Tehran, says Joe Biden should make his intentions clear before taking office. "A public message that he's going to go back to the JCPOA, unconditionally, in a speedy way," he says. "That's good enough." Failure to do this, he adds, could allow "spoilers" in Iran, the US and the region to wreck chances of rapprochement. But Mr Biden's own room for manoeuvre may be limited. Support for the JCPOA in the US has largely broken along partisan lines, with Republicans mostly opposed. The results of Georgia's two Senate run-offs in January will determine the balance of power in Washington and, possibly, the incoming administration's freedom to act. New alliances Of course, the JCPOA was never a bilateral affair. Its other international sponsors - Russia, China, France, the UK and Germany, plus the European Union - are all, in one way or another, invested in its future. The European sponsors, in particular, are anxious to see Washington once more committed to the deal's success. The UK, France and Germany (the "E3") have tried to keep the deal alive during the Trump years and could now play a role in negotiating the terms of Washington's return. But in London, Paris and Berlin, there's a recognition that the world has moved on and that a simple return to the original deal is unlikely. "Even the E3 are now increasingly talking about a follow-on agreement to the JCPOA," says Aniseh Bassiri Tabrizi of Rusi. Any such deal, she says, would aim to cover Iran's regional activities and development of ballistic missiles, as well as limiting Iran's nuclear activities as the JCPOA's provisions begin to expire. The fact that some of the regional states which opposed the JCPOA - Israel, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Bahrain - have recently signed normalisation agreements sponsored and heavily promoted by the Trump administration will make their interests much harder to ignore. "If we're going to negotiate the security of our part of the world, we should be there," the UAE's ambassador in Washington, Yousef al-Otaiba, told the audience at a recent seminar organised by Tel Aviv University's Institute for National Security Studies. The ambassador's determination was echoed by his Israeli interlocutor, the institute's director, Amos Yadlin. "Israel also wants to be at the table," Mr Yadlin said, "with our allies in the Middle East." For his part, Saudi Arabia's King Salman has called for "a decisive stance from the international community against Iran". Reviving the JCPOA while simultaneously accommodating the views and interests of those who fear or despise it will represent a fiendishly complicated Rubik's cube of diplomacy for Joe Biden. And let's not forget: his predecessor isn't done yet. US media also reported that Mr Trump last week asked senior advisers about options for attacking an Iranian nuclear site, only to be dissuaded. But, in defiance of the traditional norms associated with "lame duck" administrations, he is still bearing down on Iran, introducing new sanctions since his election defeat and threatening to impose even more. Whatever he ends up doing between now and the end of January, the intention seems clear: to make it as difficult as possible for Joe Biden to undo the damage.

যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের নব-নির্বাচিত প্রেসিডেন্ট জো বাইডেন বলেছেন, "আন্তর্জাতিক সমঝোতার রীতি নীতি ভেঙে পড়ছে।"

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

By Gordon CoreraSecurity correspondent While the work of US intelligence in the region has been widely publicised, the UK role is much less known. But Prof Rory Cormac of the University of Nottingham says recently declassified files reveal attempts to influence elections and disrupt trade unions in a number of countries. At the start of the 1960s, the UK dramatically increased covert action in Latin America, undertaking what was called "special political action", including propaganda and forgeries which aimed to influence the public, primarily against communism. "This is surprising because historians tend to associate UK covert operations with targets in the Middle East and Southeast Asia, and assume that the British left Latin America to the CIA," Prof Cormac told the BBC. 'Black propaganda' After a diplomat named Ronnie Burroughs visited Latin America on behalf of the British Foreign Office and MI6 in 1961, a decision was taken in London to increase covert action - activities where the role of Britain was kept hidden with a particular focus on "black" propaganda, which involves false material or where people are deliberately misled about who is producing it. The region was seen as of growing importance globally but also with signs of increasing communist influence, especially after the Cuban revolution. The region had not been a particular focus for London and its ally, Washington, normally took the lead, considering it part of his "sphere of influence". The US was still far more active but the UK, Prof Cormac says, became involved partly as a means of currying influence with America and also to increase trade in the region. "The UK conducted these covert operations for two reasons," he says. "First, to demonstrate partnership to the US in order to inject leverage into an increasingly one-sided relationship. Second, the British wanted to exploit a perceived US decline in the region and capture a growing economic market. These two objectives did not always sit together harmoniously." The UK increased the number of those working on propaganda in the region and MI6 opened new stations, including in Chile and Venezuela (a UK official rating the latter as a "a major prize": "She is a very rich country and her government is a major source of investment capital"). The main mission was to counter communism using propaganda and working with churches, trade unions and political parties. The operations included creating a new mass-circulation magazine in Colombia and distributing pamphlets in Chile and Bolivia. Local radio producers were bribed to get airtime and produced tapes to be played. One Briton boasted "that if he was given £100,000 to play with he could buy virtually all the radio commentators in the Andean region!" They also worked with priests in Bolivia to distribute material and counter Soviet and Cuban propaganda. In Ecuador, they worked with priests who were thought to be able to mobilise people to act against President Carlos Julio Arosemena Monroy, who was viewed by the British as a "thoroughly unprincipled and undesirable character". They thought they could bring, if needed, a "mob" of at least 5,000 people, largely Catholic youths, on to the streets of Quito, according to Prof Cormac's article The Currency of Covert Action: British Special Political Action in Latin America, 1961-64 published in the Journal of Strategic Studies. Based on files, declassified in 2019 and 2020, he says the UK worked on trade unions through infiltrating and capturing them or disrupting meetings. One idea involved targeting Brazilian President João Goulart with a forged document indicating that the communists were taking over the trade unions to make him fear his own position within them was being undermined by the hard left. This was not carried out though and he was overthrown in a coup - backed by the US - in 1964. In some cases they considered trying to influence elections, notably a presidential election in Chile in 1964 which they feared the socialist Salvador Allende might win. "Once in power the chances are that Allende would be manoeuvred by the communists, either willingly or otherwise, and that the end-product might well be a Government on the Cuban pattern," a file reads. But here British efforts were dwarfed by those of the US which spent around $3m over two years on trying to influence the same election. Overall, Prof Cormac argues the UK was using covert action partly to "maintain a global role on the cheap". You may be interested in:

১৯৬০ এর দশকে লাতিন আমেরিকায় ব্রিটিশ গুপ্তচর সংস্থা আগে যা দাবি করা হতো তার চেয়ে অনেক বেশি সক্রিয়ভাবে গোপন তৎপরতা চালাতো বলে জানা যাচ্ছে।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan announced the decision after a court annulled the site's museum status. Built 1,500 years ago as an Orthodox Christian cathedral, Hagia Sophia was converted into a mosque after the Ottoman conquest in 1453. In 1934 it became a museum and is now a Unesco World Heritage site. Islamists in Turkey long called for it to be converted to a mosque but secular opposition members opposed the move. The proposal prompted criticism from religious and political leaders worldwide. Defending the decision, President Erdogan stressed that the country had exercised its sovereign right in converting it back to a mosque. He told a press conference the first Muslim prayers would be held inside the building on 24 July. "Like all our mosques, the doors of Hagia Sophia will be wide open to locals and foreigners, Muslims and non-Muslims," he added. A change is coming to Hagia Sophia, which has endured since the 6th century, outlasting the Byzantine empire and the Ottoman era. Now, once again, it will be a mosque. But Turkish officials say Christian emblems, including mosaics of the Virgin Mary which adorn its soaring golden dome, will not be removed. Making changes at Hagia Sophia is profoundly symbolic. It was Kemal Ataturk, the founder of modern Turkey, who decreed that it should be a museum. President Erdogan is now taking one more step to dismantle Ataturk's secular legacy, and remould Turkey according to his vision. The Turkish leader - who presents himself as a modern day conqueror - is making no apologies for the change. He says anyone who doesn't like it - and plenty abroad don't - is attacking Turkey's sovereignty. Reclaiming Hagia Sophia plays well with his base - religious conservatives - and with Turkish nationalists. Critics say he's using the issue to distract attention from the economic damage done here by the Covid19 pandemic. But many in the international community argue that the monument belongs to humanity - not to Turkey - and should have remained unchanged. They say it was a bridge between two faiths, and a symbol of co-existence. Shortly after the announcement, the first call to prayer was recited at Hagia Sophia and was broadcast on all of Turkey's main news channels. The cultural site's social media channels have now been taken down. What has the reaction been? Unesco has said it "deeply regrets" the decision to turn the museum into a mosque and called on the Turkish authorities to "open a dialogue without delay." The organisation had urged Turkey not to change its status without discussion. The head of the Eastern Orthodox Church has condemned the move, as has Greece - home to many millions of Orthodox followers. Culture Minister Lina Mendoni said it was an "open provocation to the civilised world". "The nationalism displayed by President Erdogan... takes his country back six centuries," she said in a statement. The court ruling "absolutely confirms that there is no independent justice" in Turkey, she added. But the Council of State, Turkey's top administrative court, said in its ruling on Friday: "It was concluded that the settlement deed allocated it as a mosque and its use outside this character is not possible legally." "The cabinet decision in 1934 that ended its use as a mosque and defined it as a museum did not comply with laws," it said. The Church in Russia, home to the world's largest Orthodox Christian community, immediately expressed regret that the Turkish court had not taken its concerns into account when ruling on Hagia Sophia. It said the decision could lead to even greater divisions. While the move is popular with conservative religious supporters of President Erdogan, Turkey's most famous author, Orhan Pamuk said the decision would take away the "pride" some Turks had in being a secular Muslim nation. "There are millions of secular Turks like me who are crying against this but their voices are not heard," he told the BBC. History of a global icon

তুরস্কের ইস্তাম্বুল শহরের খ্যাতনামা হাইয়া সোফিয়া জাদুঘরকে মসজিদে রূপান্তর করা হয়েছে এবং ৮৬ বছর পর সেখানে প্রথমবারের মতো জুম্মার নামাজ পড়া হয়েছে।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

Akshay Thakur, Vinay Sharma, Pawan Gupta and Mukesh Singh were sentenced to death by a trial court in 2013. The four were hanged in the capital's high-security Tihar prison in the first executions in India since 2015. The victim died from her injuries days after being raped by six men on a moving bus. The incident caused outrage and led to new anti-rape laws in India. The 23-year-old physiotherapy student was dubbed Nirbhaya - the fearless one - by the press as she could not be named under Indian law. Six people were arrested for the attack. One of them, Ram Singh, was found dead in jail in March 2013, having apparently taken his own life. Another, who was 17 at the time of the attack, was released in 2015 after serving three years in a reform facility - the maximum term possible for a juvenile in India. In the last few months, all four convicts filed petitions in the Supreme Court in a bid to reduce their sentences to life imprisonment. But the top court rejected their petitions, leaving the men with no other legal recourse. A last-minute appeal to have the death penalties commuted was also rejected hours before the executions. Minutes after the convicts were hanged on Friday morning, the victim's mother said, "I hugged my daughter's photograph and told her we finally got justice." Her father said that his "faith in the judiciary had been restored". Security was tight outside the prison with a large number of police and paramilitary personnel deployed to maintain law and order. A group of people carrying placards had gathered outside the prison gates and began celebrating after the executions were announced. Some chanted "death to rapists" and waved posters thanking the judiciary. Prime Minister Narendra Modi tweeted on Friday morning saying "justice has prevailed". He added that the country had to "build a nation where the focus is on women's empowerment". Despite the fact that this case made rape and sexual violence against women a focus, there has been no sign that crimes against women are abating. Recently-released figures from the National Crime Records Bureau show police registered 33,977 cases of rape in 2018 - that's an average of 93 cases a day. What happened to Nirbhaya? The student boarded an off-duty bus at around 20:30 local time on 16 December 2012 with a male friend. They were returning home after watching a film at an upscale mall. The six men, who were already on board, attacked the couple, taking turns to rape the woman, before brutally assaulting her with an iron rod. Her friend was beaten. They were then thrown out onto the roadside to die. Some passers-by found them naked and bloodied and called the police. Two weeks later - after widespread protests that demanded India to reckon with its treatment of women - the victim died in a hospital in Singapore, where she was taken for further treatment after her condition deteriorated in a Delhi hospital. Has India become safer for women? Geeta Pandey, BBC News, Delhi A short answer to that question would be: No. And that's because despite the increased scrutiny of crimes against women since December 2012, similar violent incidents have continued to make headlines in India. And statistics tell only a part of the story - campaigners say thousands of rapes and cases of sexual assault are not even reported to the police. I personally know women who have never reported being assaulted because they are ashamed, or because of the stigma associated with sexual crimes, or because they are afraid that they will not be believed. Some say strict punishment, swiftly delivered, will instil a fear of the law in the public mind and deter rape, but experts say the only permanent solution to the problem is to dismantle the hold of patriarchal thinking, the mindset that regards women as being a man's property. Until that happens, how do women and girls in India ensure their safety? Read the full piece here How did India react to the crime? "Wake up India, she's dead," screamed one newspaper headline, announcing her death. The horrific crime triggered a firestorm of protests in India, in ways that had not really been seen before. The capital came to a standstill as protesters occupied the main streets. Authorities even temporarily closed some Metro stations in a bid to stop people from gathering. Thousands of furious protesters - mostly young women and men - still turned up at India Gate in the centre of the city, prompting police to use water cannons to disperse the crowds. Protests continued in Delhi and several other cities for a fortnight, the number of days it took the victim to succumb to her injuries. The Delhi government tried to halt rising public anger by announcing a series of measures intended to make the city safer for women: more police night patrols, checks on bus drivers and their assistants, and the banning of buses with dark windows or curtains. The attack became an inflection point, galvanising a national debate on the treatment of women. Public outrage over the crime mounted again in 2015 when the BBC broadcast a documentary called India's Daughter which included an interview with one of the convicts who blamed the victim for what happened to her. In India, the documentary caused a big enough stir that resulted in the film being banned. Television news channels that were supposed to broadcast the film ran a blank screen instead. What were the new anti-rape laws that followed the incident? Reacting to the massive protests, India announced new anti-rape laws in March 2013. They prescribed harsher punishments for rapists and addressed new crimes, including stalking, acid throwing as well as spying on a woman when naked or circulating her pictures without her consent. They also expanded the definition of rape to state that the absence of physical struggle didn't equal consent. Also, under the new laws, a repeat offender of rape or rape that causes coma could be given the death penalty.

ভারতের রাজধানী দিল্লিতে ২০১২ সালে চলন্ত বাসে একটি মেয়েকে ধর্ষণ এবং হত্যাকাণ্ডের ঘটনায় দোষী সাব্যস্ত চার ধর্ষক ও হত্যাকারীর ফাঁসি কার্যকর করা হয়েছে।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

Valeria PerassoSocial Affairs correspondent, WS Languages In the online Ipsos Mori poll spanning 27 countries, 66% of people in Europe felt their nations were "more divided", the highest proportion worldwide. Politics emerged as the main cause of tension globally, being identified by some 44% of all 19,428 respondents. Half of Britons cited a divide between immigrants and nationals. It was the source of social division most commonly identified in the UK, followed by differences of religion (47%), ethnicity (41%) and political views (40%). The worldwide results showed that three-quarters of respondents agreed that their society was divided, with one-third of those saying it was "very divided". Fractures were also perceived to be growing deeper, with a clear majority saying their country was more polarized than 10 years ago. Only 16% of respondents believed divisions were less acute today. The European picture The poll collected information from 11 European countries: Belgium, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Serbia and the United Kingdom. Serbia was where perceptions of differences were strongest, with 93% of respondents saying their society was either very or fairly divided. "All Europe shows a similar trend, with at least three out of four respondents saying that their respective society is very or fairly divided," said Ipsos Mori's Glenn Gottfried, who oversaw the fieldwork. Mr Gottfried said Europeans appeared to believe divisions had grown more pronounced. "This could be a reflection of the political climate and a swing towards the right that we have seen in parts of the continent, or at least the political climate could be a result of people feeling more tensions. The two are correlated," he said. As in Britain, respondents in Germany and France most often identified a division between immigrants and nationals. Yet more traditional perceptions of social divisions persist, Mr Gottfried added. "Tensions based on class and income still exist. In Britain, for example, about a third see tension between rich and poor, and in Hungary more people see tension between rich and poor than in relation to immigrants." Serbia's haves and have-nots Dejan Anastasijevic, BBC Serbian Service About 80% of the population are Christian Orthodox Serbs, so there are no grounds for stark ethnic or religious divisions. But Serbia holds a record income-inequality among European countries, according to last year's GINI index measure of inequality. A quarter of the population lives below the poverty line, while the wealthiest 20% earn 10 times more than the poorest fifth. In the EU, this ratio is five-to-one. The gap between the haves and have-nots has widened over the last five years. Politically, there are sharp divisions over Kosovo, which broke off from Serbia in 2008. Accepting the territory's independence (without formally recognizing it) is a precondition for Serbia's accession to EU. But while most Serbs want EU membership, they also want Kosovo back. So the debate is always heated. Latin American rivalries Within the Latin American countries surveyed - Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Chile and Peru - at least three-quarters of respondents perceived big divisions, most often in politics but also between the rich and poor. Perceptions of tension are highest in Argentina, with 92% of respondents saying their country is "very" or "fairly" divided - and almost 40% suggesting it has worsened over 10 years. Some 70% of Argentines cited division over political views. "That's very, very high," said Mr Gottfried. "With the exception of Malaysia, in this poll Argentina comes on top in terms of seeing political differences as the most prevalent issue." The survey suggests Latin America's political divisions were even more pronounced than Europe's, having been identified by more than half of respondents as a cause of polarization. However, while 68% of Europeans felt the divisions had widened over the last decade, that figure for Latin America was considerably lower, of 59% of respondents in the countries polled. Argentina's political rift President Mauricio Macri campaigned for office in 2015 with a promise to do away with "la grieta" - the term meaning "the rift" that described the deep state of polarization that had grown under previous left-wing Kirchner administrations (2003-15). Yet the rift, which is part of the everyday rhetoric of Argentines and is recurrently mentioned by the media, is far from being closed under Macri's Conservative administration - if anything, it may have deepened, given that almost 40% of people suggested their country was more divided than a decade ago in the Ipsos Mori poll . "It is interesting how people perceive 'the rift' to be a recent phenomenon", says sociologist Martin Gendler, from the University of Buenos Aires. "In fact this country was founded on a number of dualities and rivalries that have been there since the early days of the nation, even more acutely than in other nation states. [They] have been reinterpreted and re-signified throughout the years, but they have always largely revolved around the confrontation of populism versus anti-populism." A largely tolerant world? The survey also reveals some positive trends, said Mr Gottfried. Two-thirds of respondents agreed that people across the world have more in common than they have differences. "Only a small number of people think that mixing with people from different backgrounds, cultures or points of view causes conflict," said Mr Gottfried. A third said those interactions can sometimes lead to misunderstandings but these can usually be overcome, while 40% believe they may actually lead to better mutual understanding and respect. Some 74% of Canadians said their society was very or fairly tolerant of people with different backgrounds or points of view, followed by 65% of Chinese and 64% of Malaysians. 'Harmonious' China? Yuwen Wu, BBC Chinese Service While political, religious or gender divides might manifest themselves in fierce debates or protests in other countries, there is very little tolerance of dissent in China. Heavy state control of media prevents meaningful and open political discussion. As a result, social divisions are often papered over. Only 7% of respondents to the Ipsos Mori poll believed their society was "very divided". Former president Hu Jintao advocated building a "harmonious society", a fair and just society where rule of law was observed and people trusted each other. The slogan has been seen and heard everywhere. But when citizens find their postings removed from social media because they are deemed offensive by censors, they say "my post has been harmonised". Even so, the leadership recognises the income divide reflected in China's GINI coefficient indicating a high level of income inequality. President Xi Jinxping's "China Dream" to rejuvenate the nation has undoubtedly inspired many Chinese people - but it has certainly not worked out for everyone. Data journalism by William Dahlgreen, BBC Visual Journalism. Crossing Divides Crossing Divides: a week of stories about people creating connections in a polarised world.

বিবিসির 'ক্রসিং ডিভাইডস' শীর্ষক এক জরিপে দেখা গেছে, অনেক ইউরোপিয়ান মনে করেন তাদের দেশগুলোতে এখন যেমন বিভক্তি দশ বছর আগেও তেমনটা ছিল না এবং সমাজের মানুষের সহনশীলতাও অনেক কমে গেছে বলে মনে করছেন ৪৭ শতাংশ মানুষ।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

The head of Iran's atomic agency told reporters that it was developing infrastructure to build advanced centrifuges at the Natanz facility. The agency has informed the United Nations of the move, but said it would remain within the rules of the deal. President Donald Trump withdrew the US from the deal with Iran last month. European powers are now scrambling to salvage the nuclear agreement, which imposes restrictions on Iran's nuclear activities in exchange for lifting sanctions. A spokesman for the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) said on Tuesday that the agency had received a letter from Iran on 4 June informing it that there was a "tentative schedule to start production of UF6", referring to uranium hexafluoride, the feedstock for centrifuges. What is the work designed to achieve? The head of Iran's Atomic Energy Organisation, Ali Akbar Salehi, told reporters on Tuesday that preparations were under way to build new centrifuges. "If we were progressing normally, it would have taken six or seven years, but this will now be ready in the coming weeks and months," he said. Mr Salehi said this was in line with instructions from Supreme Leader Ayatollah Khamenei, who has ordered officials to be prepared to step up enrichment if the nuclear deal - known as JCPOA - falls apart completely. "If the JCPOA collapses - please pay attention, if the JCPOA collapses - and if we decide to assemble new centrifuges, we will assemble new-generation of centrifuges. However, for the time being, we move within the framework of the JCPOA," Mr Salehi said. Is such work allowed under the accord? Mr Salehi insists Iran is acting "within the framework of the rules and commitments of the nuclear deal". The accord signed with the US, France, Germany, the UK, Russia, and China, limits uranium enrichment by Iran to 3.67%, far below the roughly 90% threshold of weapons-grade material. In exchange, the country received relief from crippling sanctions. Under the agreement, Iran can build parts for the centrifuges as long as it does not put them into operation within the first decade. President Trump argued that these conditions did not go far enough to curb Iran's nuclear ambitions and pulled out of the agreement, leaving the remaining European signatories scrambling to save it. Iran insists its nuclear programme is entirely peaceful. Its compliance with the deal has been verified by the IAEA. What is the purpose of the Natanz facility? It is Iran's largest uranium enrichment facility, and began operating in 2007 in contravention of UN Security Council resolutions. It consists of underground buildings capable of holding up to 50,000 centrifuges. Uranium hexafluoride gas is fed into centrifuges, which separate out the most fissile uranium isotope U-235. The facility produces low-enriched uranium, which has a 3%-4% concentration of U-235. That can be used to produce fuel for nuclear power plants, but also be enriched to the much higher level of 90% needed to produce nuclear weapons. A clear signal from Tehran Analysis by Jonathan Marcus, BBC diplomatic correspondent This is a clear signal from Tehran that it is not simply a bystander and that if the nuclear deal collapses it has options too. It comes as key European countries struggle to keep the nuclear agreement on life support. Major international companies are already beginning to distance themselves from Iran in fear of US sanctions. The move inevitably increases the sense of tension and it probably does those countries eager to maintain the deal few favours. It highlights the whole issue of Iran's formerly ambitious enrichment programme and again raises the question as to exactly what this enrichment programme was ultimately for.

ইরান বলছে, তারা তাদের পরমাণূ কর্মসূচি বন্ধ করার জন্য যে আন্তর্জাতিক চুক্তি করেছিল - তার লঙ্ঘন করে ইউরেনিয়াম সমৃদ্ধকরণের কাজ আবার শুরু করবে।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

The justice department said the ship was used to transport coal, North Korea's largest export but subject to a UN export ban. The vessel was initially impounded in Indonesia in April 2018. It is the first time the US has seized a North Korean ship for breaching sanctions and comes amid worsening relations between the two. A meeting between North Korean leader Kim Jong-un and US President Donald Trump ended without agreement in February with the US insisting North Korea give up its nuclear programme and Pyongyang demanding sanctions relief. North Korea has carried out two weapons tests in the space of the past week in what is widely seen as an attempt to increase pressure on the US over its failure to make concessions. What do we know about the ship? The vessel, the Wise Honest, was first seized last year and the US filed a seizure warrant in July 2018. Indonesia has handed over the ship, and it is now on its way to the US. US officials stressed that the announcement had nothing to do with the North Korean tests. "Our office uncovered North Korea's scheme to export tons of high-grade coal to foreign buyers by concealing the origin of their ship, the Wise Honest," said US prosecutor Geoffrey S Berman. "This scheme not only allowed North Korea to evade sanctions, but the Wise Honest was also used to import heavy machinery to North Korea, helping expand North Korea's capabilities and continuing the cycle of sanctions evasion." Payments for the maintenance of the Wise Honest were allegedly made in US dollars through unsuspecting US banks - giving the US authorities the opportunity to mount an unusual civil forfeiture legal action. North Korea has been the subject of a series of US and international sanctions over Pyongyang's development of nuclear weapons and missile tests. Can the US and North Korea get back on track? Most of the developments concerning the two countries point to a return to animosity but the US Special Representative on North Korea Stephen Biegun is currently in South Korea to discuss ways of restarting denuclearisation talks. President Trump has said "nobody's happy" about the latest North Korean tests. "I know they want to negotiate, they're talking about negotiating. But I don't think they are ready to negotiate," he said. He became the first sitting US president to meet his North Korean counterpart when they met last year but despite this, and a follow-up meeting, there has been little tangible progress towards the stated goal of ridding the Korean peninsula of nuclear weapons. Last year, Mr Kim said he would stop nuclear testing and would no longer launch intercontinental ballistic missiles but nuclear activity appears to be continuing. One of the few concrete outcomes of their talks - joint efforts to retrieve the remains of US servicemen killed in the Korean war - has been halted.

যুক্তরাষ্ট্র জানিয়েছে যে, আন্তর্জাতিক নিষেধাজ্ঞা লঙ্ঘন করার অভিযোগে তারা উত্তর কোরিয়ার একটি জাহাজ আটক করেছে।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

The group called Arsa killed up to 99 Hindu civilians in one, or possibly two massacres, said the rights group. Arsa had denied involvement. The killings came in the first days of an uprising against Burmese forces, who are also accused of atrocities. Since August nearly 700,000 Rohingyas and others have fled the violence. The conflict has also displaced members of the majority Buddhist population in Myanmar (also called Burma) as well as members of the Hindu minority. Amnesty says interviews it conducted with refugees in Bangladesh and in Rakhine state confirmed that mass killings carried out by the Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (Arsa) took place in a cluster of villages in northern Maungdaw Township at the time of its attacks on police posts in late August. The findings also show Arsa was responsible for violence against civilians, on a smaller scale, in other areas. The report details how Arsa members on 26 August attacked the Hindu village of Ah Nauk Kha Maung Seik. "In this brutal and senseless act, members of Arsa captured scores of Hindu women, men and children and terrorised them before slaughtering them outside their own villages," the report said. Hindu survivors told Amnesty they either saw relatives being killed or heard their screams. One woman from the village of Ah Nauk Kha Maung Seik said: "They slaughtered the men. We were told not to look at them … They had knives. They also had some spades and iron rods. … We hid ourselves in the shrubs there and were able to see a little … My uncle, my father, my brother - they were all slaughtered." Arsa fighters are accused of killing 20 men, 10 women, and 23 children, 14 of whom were under the age of eight. Amnesty said the bodies of 45 people from the village were unearthed in four mass graves in late September. The remains of the other victims, as well as 46 from the neighbouring village of Ye Bauk Kyar, have not been found. The investigation suggests that a massacre of Hindu men, women, and children in Ye Bauk Kyar happened on the same day, bringing the estimated total number of dead to 99. Why scepticism over a mass grave? Jonathan Head, BBC News, Bangkok Last September, as international alarm was growing over the scale of the Rohingya exodus to Bangladesh, and over the horrific accounts of atrocities by the Myanmar security forces, the government in Nay Pyi Taw announced that it had discovered a mass grave. But the victims were not Muslims - they were Hindus, killed, said the government, by militants from Arsa. Journalists were taken to the site to see the grave and the bodies. However the government's continued refusal to allow independent human rights researchers into Rakhine left lingering doubts about exactly what happened in the village of Ah Nauk Kha Maung Seik, and a neighbouring village, Ye Bauk Kyar. The fact that the Myanmar government refused to acknowledge any serious abuses by its forces, in the face of huge amounts of testimony, undermined its credibility further. At the time Arsa denied any involvement in this massacre - the group has made no public statements for four months. Myanmar has complained of one-sided reporting of the conflict in Rakhine, but many foreign media, including the BBC, did report the killing of Hindus back in September. Amnesty also criticised what it said was "an unlawful and grossly disproportionate campaign of violence by Myanmar's security forces". "Arsa's appalling attacks were followed by the Myanmar military's ethnic cleansing campaign against the Rohingya population as a whole." The human rights group says its findings are based "on dozens of interviews conducted there [in Rakhine] and across the border in Bangladesh, as well as photographic evidence analyzed by forensic pathologists". The investigation "sheds much-needed light on the largely under-reported human rights abuses by Arsa during northern Rakhine State's unspeakably dark recent history," Amnesty's Tirana Hassan said. "It's hard to ignore the sheer brutality of Arsa's actions, which have left an indelible impression on the survivors we've spoken to. Accountability for these atrocities is every bit as crucial as it is for the crimes against humanity carried out by Myanmar's security forces in northern Rakhine State." Arsa has denied such accusations in the past, saying that claims of its militants killing villagers were "lies". The Rohingya - a stateless mostly Muslim minority - are widely despised in Myanmar, where they are considered to be illegal migrants from Bangladesh, despite the fact that some have been in Myanmar for generations. Bangladesh also denies them citizenship.

রোহিঙ্গাদের সশস্ত্র বিদ্রোহী গোষ্ঠী মিয়ানমারে গত অগাস্টে আক্রমণ চালিয়ে কয়েক ডজন হিন্দু ধর্মাবলম্বীকে হত্যা করেছে। মানবাধিকার সংগঠন অ্যামনেস্টি ইন্টারন্যাশনাল তদন্ত করে এই তথ্য পাওয়ার কথা জানিয়েছে।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

How old is this fight? Kashmir is an ethnically diverse Himalayan region, covering around 86,000 sq miles (138 sq km), and famed for the beauty of its lakes, meadows and snow-capped mountains. Even before India and Pakistan won their independence from Britain in August 1947, the area was hotly contested. Under the partition plan provided by the Indian Independence Act, Kashmir was free to accede to either India or Pakistan. The maharaja (local ruler), Hari Singh, initially wanted Kashmir to become independent - but in October 1947 chose to join India, in return for its help against an invasion of tribesmen from Pakistan. A war erupted and India approached the United Nations asking it to intervene. The United Nations recommended holding a plebiscite to settle the question of whether the state would join India or Pakistan. However the two countries could not agree to a deal to demilitarise the region before the referendum could be held. In July 1949, India and Pakistan signed an agreement to establish a ceasefire line as recommended by the UN and the region became divided. A second war followed in 1965. Then in 1999, India fought a brief but bitter conflict with Pakistani-backed forces. By that time, India and Pakistan had both declared themselves to be nuclear powers. Today, Delhi and Islamabad both claim Kashmir in full, but control only parts of it - territories recognised internationally as "Indian-administered Kashmir" and "Pakistan-administered Kashmir". Why is there so much unrest in the Indian-administered part? An armed revolt has been waged against Indian rule in the region for three decades, claiming tens of thousands of lives. India blames Pakistan for stirring the unrest by backing separatist militants in Kashmir - a charge its neighbour denies. Now a sudden change to Kashmir's status on the Indian side has created further apprehension. Indian-administered Kashmir has held a special position within the country historically, thanks to Article 370 - a clause in the constitution which gave it significant autonomy, including its own constitution, a separate flag, and independence over all matters except foreign affairs, defence and communications. On 5 August, India revoked that seven-decade-long privileged status - as the governing party, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), had promised in its 2019 election manifesto. The Hindu nationalist BJP has long opposed Article 370 and had repeatedly called for its abolishment. Telephone networks and the internet were cut off in the region in the days before the presidential order was announced. Public gatherings were banned, and tens of thousands of troops were sent in. Tourists were told to leave Kashmir under warnings of a terror threat. Two former chief ministers of Jammu and Kashmir - the Indian state which encompasses the disputed territory - were placed under house arrest. One of them, Mehbooba Mufti, said the move would "make India an occupational force in Jammu and Kashmir," and that "today marks the darkest day in Indian democracy". Pakistan fiercely condemned the development, branding it "illegal" and vowing to "exercise all possible options" against it. It downgraded diplomatic ties with India and suspended all trade. India responded by saying they "regretted" Pakistan's statement and reiterating that Article 370 was an internal matter as it did not interfere with the boundaries of the territory. Within Kashmir, opinions about the territory's rightful allegiance are diverse and strongly held. Many do not want it to be governed by India, preferring either independence or union with Pakistan instead. Religion is one factor: Jammu and Kashmir is more than 60% Muslim, making it the only state within India where Muslims are in the majority. Critics of the BJP fear this move is designed to change the state's demographic make-up of - by giving people from the rest of the country to right to acquire property and settle there permanently. Ms Mufti told the BBC: "They just want to occupy our land and want to make this Muslim-majority state like any other state and reduce us to a minority and disempower us totally." Feelings of disenfranchisement have been aggravated in Indian-administered Kashmir by high unemployment, and complaints of human rights abuses by security forces battling street protesters and fighting insurgents. Anti-India sentiment in the state has ebbed and flowed since 1989, but the region witnessed a fresh wave of violence after the death of 22-year-old militant leader Burhan Wani in July 2016. He died in a battle with security forces, sparking massive protests across the valley. Wani - whose social media videos were popular among young people - is largely credited with reviving and legitimising the image of militancy in the region. Thousands attended Wani's funeral, which was held in his hometown of Tral, about 40km (25 miles) south of the city of Srinagar. Following the funeral, people clashed with troops and it set off a deadly cycle of violence that lasted for days. More than 30 civilians died, and others were injured in the clashes. Since then, violence has been on the rise in the state. More than 500 people were killed in 2018 - including civilians, security forces and militants - the highest toll in a decade. Weren't there high hopes for peace in the new century? India and Pakistan did indeed agree a ceasefire in 2003 after years of bloodshed along the de facto border (also known as the Line of Control). Pakistan later promised to stop funding insurgents in the territory, while India offered them an amnesty if they renounced militancy. In 2014, India's current Prime Minister Narendra Modi came to power promising a tough line on Pakistan, but also showed interest in holding peace talks. Nawaz Sharif, then prime minister of Pakistan, attended Mr Modi's swearing-in ceremony in Delhi. But a year later, India blamed Pakistan-based groups for an attack on its airbase in Pathankot in the northern state of Punjab. Mr Modi also cancelled a scheduled visit to the Pakistani capital, Islamabad, for a regional summit in 2017. Since then, there hasn't been any progress in talks between the neighbours. Are we back to square one? The bloody summer of street protests in Indian-administered Kashmir in 2016 had already dimmed hopes for a lasting peace in the region. Then, in June 2018, the state government there was upended when Mr Modi's BJP pulled out of a coalition government run by Ms Mufti's People's Democratic Party. Jammu and Kashmir was since under direct rule from Delhi, which fuelled further anger. The deaths of more than 40 Indian soldiers in a suicide attack on 14 February, 2019 have ended any hope of a thaw in the immediate future. India blamed Pakistan-based militant groups for the violence - the deadliest targeting Indian soldiers in Kashmir since the insurgency began three decades ago. Following the bombing, India said it would take "all possible diplomatic steps" to isolate Pakistan from the international community. On 26 February, it launched air strikes in Pakistani territory which it said targeted militant bases. Pakistan denied the raids had caused major damage or casualties but promised to respond, fuelling fears of confrontation. A day later it said it had shot down two Indian Air Force jets in its airspace, and captured a fighter pilot - who was later returned unharmed to India. Kashmir remains one of the most militarised zones in the world. So what happens next? India's parliament has now passed a bill splitting Indian-administered Kashmir into two territories governed directly by Delhi: Jammu and Kashmir, and remote, mountainous Ladakh. China, which shares a disputed border with India in Ladakh, has objected to the reorganisation and accused Delhi of undermining its territorial sovereignty. Pakistan's Prime Minister Imran Khan has vowed to challenge India's actions at the UN security council, and take the matter to the International Criminal Court. In an ominous warning, he said: "If the world does not act today... (if) the developed world does not uphold its own laws, then things will go to a place that we will not be responsible for." But Delhi insists that there is no "external implication" to its decision to reorganise the state as it has not changed the Line of Control or boundaries of the region. US President Donald Trump has offered to mediate in the crisis - an overture that Delhi has rejected.

কাশ্মীরকে কেন্দ্র করে ভারত আর পাকিস্তানের মধ্যে দু'বার যুদ্ধ হয়েছে। এখন উভয়েই পারমাণবিক শক্তিধর দেশে পরিণত হয়েছে, এবং পুলওয়ামার ঘটনাকে কেন্দ্র করে আবারও তারা যুদ্ধংদেহি অবস্থানে।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

New designs of Huawei smartphones are set to lose access to some Google apps. The move comes after the Trump administration added Huawei to a list of companies that American firms cannot trade with unless they have a licence. Google said it was "complying with the order and reviewing the implications". Huawei said it would continue to provide security updates and after-sales services to all existing Huawei and Honor smartphone and tablet products, covering those that have been sold or are still in stock globally. "We will continue to build a safe and sustainable software ecosystem, in order to provide the best experience for all users globally," it added. In a press briefing, China said it "supports the relevant company [Huawei] to defend its legitimate rights according to law". What does this mean for Huawei users? Existing Huawei smartphone users will be able to update apps and push through security fixes, as well as update Google Play services. But when Google launches the next version of Android later this year, it may not be available on Huawei devices. Future Huawei devices may no longer have apps such as YouTube and Maps. Huawei can still use the version of the Android operating system available through an open source licence. Ben Wood, from the CCS Insight consultancy, said the move by Google would have "big implications for Huawei's consumer business". UK mobile trade body Mobile UK said it was "working closely with relevant authorities to understand the implications of the US Department of Commerce's placement of Huawei on its Entity List." What can Huawei do about this? Last Wednesday, the Trump administration added Huawei to its "entity list", which bans the company from acquiring technology from US firms without government approval. In his first comments since the firm was placed on the list, Huawei chief executive Ren Zhengfei told Japanese media on Saturday: "We have already been preparing for this." He said the firm, which buys about $67bn (£52.6bn) worth of components each year according to the Nikkei business newspaper, would push ahead with developing its own parts. Huawei faces a growing backlash from Western countries, led by the US, over possible risks posed by using its products in next-generation 5G mobile networks. Several countries have raised concerns that Huawei equipment could be used by China for surveillance, allegations the company has vehemently denied. Huawei has said its work does not pose any threats and that it is independent from the Chinese government. However, some countries have blocked telecoms companies from using Huawei products in 5G mobile networks. So far the UK has held back from any formal ban. "Huawei has been working hard on developing its own App Gallery and other software assets in a similar manner to its work on chipset solutions. There is little doubt these efforts are part of its desire to control its own destiny," said Mr Wood. What are other companies saying? US chipmakers including Intel, Qualcomm and Broadcom are reported to have told their workers they will stop supplying Huawei, according to Bloomberg. Intel would not to comment to the BBC. Rosenblatt Securities analyst Ryan Koontz said Huawei would be "seriously crippled" if it did not have these "key US components", although the Chinese firm is believed to have stockpiles in place. California-based Xilinx said it was aware of the order by the Trump administration and was "co-operating" but had nothing to add. Outside the US, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) is continuing to deliver to Huawei. The Nikkei reported that TSMC had said it owned a "complicated and sophisticated export control compliance system" and "based on the data in the system we are not changing our shipping practice for the time being". Short-term damage for Huawei? By Leo Kelion, BBC Technology desk editor In the short term, this could be very damaging for Huawei in the West. Smartphone shoppers would not want an Android phone that lacked access to Google's Play Store, its virtual assistant or security updates, assuming these are among the services that would be pulled. In the longer term, though, this might give smartphone vendors in general a reason to seriously consider the need for a viable alternative to Google's operating system, particularly at a time that the search giant is trying to push its own Pixel brand at their expense. As far as Huawei is concerned, it appears to have prepared for the eventuality of being cut off from American know-how. Its smartphones are already powered by its own proprietary processors, and earlier this year its consumer devices chief told German newspaper Die Welt that "we have prepared our own operating systems - that's our plan B". Even so, this move could knock its ambition to overtake Samsung and become the bestselling smartphone brand in 2020 seriously off course. What about the US-China trade war? The latest move against Huawei marks an escalation in tensions between the firm and the US. The company is facing almost two dozen criminal charges filed by US authorities. Washington is also seeking the extradition of Huawei executive Meng Wangzou from Canada, where she was arrested in December at the behest of American officials. It comes as trade tensions between the US and China also appear to be rising. The world's two largest economies have been locked in a bruising trade battle for the past year that has seen tariffs imposed on billions of dollars worth of one another's goods. Earlier this month, Washington more than doubled tariffs on $200bn of Chinese goods, prompting Beijing to retaliate with its own tariff hikes on US products. The move surprised some - and rattled global markets - as the situation had seemed to be nearing a conclusion. The US-China trade war has weighed on the global economy over the past year and created uncertainty for businesses and consumers.

চীনা মোবাইল ফোন নির্মাতা সংস্থা হুয়াওয়ের ওপর অ্যান্ড্রয়েড অপারেটিং সিস্টেমের কিছু আপডেট করার ক্ষেত্রে নিষেধাজ্ঞা জারি করেছে গুগল।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

By Sophie WilliamsBBC News There are now about 10,000 confirmed cases in China, 213 of whom have died. The outbreak began in Wuhan, home to around 11 million people. Hospitals in the city have been flooded with concerned residents and pharmacies are running out of medicine. According to state media, the new hospital will contain about 1,000 beds. Video footage posted online by Chinese state media showed diggers at the site, which has an area of 25,000 square metres (269,000 square feet). After five days, progress could be seen on the once empty site. It is based on a similar hospital set up in Beijing to help tackle the Sars virus in 2003. "It's basically a quarantined hospital where they send people with infectious diseases so it has the safety and protective gear in place," said Joan Kaufman, lecturer in global health and social medicine at Harvard Medical School. How is China able to build a hospital in six days? "China has a record of getting things done fast even for monumental projects like this," says Yanzhong Huang, a senior fellow for global health at the Council on Foreign Relations. He points out that the hospital in Beijing in 2003 was built in seven days so the construction team is probably attempting to beat that record. Just like the hospital in Beijing, the Wuhan centre will be made out of prefabricated buildings. "This authoritarian country relies on this top down mobilisation approach. They can overcome bureaucratic nature and financial constraints and are able to mobilise all of the resources." Mr Huang said that engineers would be brought in from across the country in order to complete construction in time. "The engineering work is what China is good at. They have records of building skyscrapers at speed. This is very hard for westerners to imagine. It can be done," he added. In terms of medical supplies, Wuhan can either take supplies from other hospitals or can easily order them from factories. The Global Times confirmed 150 medical personnel from the People's Liberation Army had arrived in Wuhan. However it did not confirm if they would be working in the new hospital once it has been built. What happened during the Sars outbreak? In 2003, the Xiaotangshan Hospital was built in Beijing in order to accommodate the number of patients showing symptoms of Sars. It was constructed in seven days, allegedly breaking the world record for the fastest construction of a hospital. About 4,000 people worked to build the hospital, working throughout the day and night in order to meet the deadline, China.com.cn said. Inside, it had an X-ray room, CT room, intensive-care unit and laboratory. Each ward was equipped with its own bathrooms. Within two months, it admitted one-seventh of the Sars patients in the country and was hailed as a "miracle in the history of medicine" by the country's media. Ms Kaufman explained: "It was ordered by the ministry of health and seconded nurses and other doctors from existing health facilities to man the hospitals. They had protocols from the ministry of health that talked about how to handle infectious diseases and the critical path of identification and isolation that was specific for Sars." She added that during the Sars epidemic, the organisation and costs were covered by local areas but there were a lot of subsidies from the state that flowed down through the system from the costs of staff salaries to building. "I can't imagine that the burden of this is going to be on the Wuhan government because it's high priority," said Ms Kaufman. According to Mr Huang, the hospital was "quietly abandoned after the epidemic ended".

করোনাভাইরাসে আক্রান্তদের চিকিৎসার জন্য উহান শহরে ছয় দিনে একটি হাসপাতাল তৈরির কথা জানিয়েছে চীন।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

Speaking in Alaska, Secretary Mattis named the Texas bases but did not say whether they would house migrant children or families held together. The Pentagon said last week it planned to house 20,000 detained children on military bases. Meanwhile, Mr Trump repeated calls for deportations without judicial process. "People must simply be stopped at the Border and told they cannot come into the US illegally," he said in a tweet on Monday. Where are the military bases located? Secretary Mattis told reporters on Monday that Fort Bliss and Goodfellow Air Force Base had been chosen, but added that he "cannot confirm the specifics on how they'll be used". He also said the military was still working through details, including exactly how much capacity they need at the two bases because "the numbers [of migrants] obviously are dynamic". Officials from the Department of Health and Human Services visited three bases in Texas last week to examine whether they could be used to house migrant children, US media report. During his remarks to reporters on his way to Asia to meet with Chinese, Korean and Japanese defence ministers, Mr Mattis confirmed the two bases that had been chosen. It had earlier been reported by NPR that Ft Bliss outside of El Paso, would be used to house migrant families, and Goodfellow Air Force, outside of San Angelo, would be used for unaccompanied migrant children, but this has yet to be confirmed. In his remarks, the defence secretary called it a "legitimate governmental function", adding that the military has previously been called upon to house victims of natural disasters, and Vietnamese refugees. What's the context? On Monday, the head of US Customs and Border Protection said his agents have temporarily stopped initiating criminal prosecutions of adults who enter the country illegally with children. In an interview with the Associated Press, Commissioner Kevin McAleenan said it was because of Mr Trump's executive order last week calling for an end to family separations. The call for more shelter has followed public outcry over detention of migrant children in government facilities. On Sunday, a 15-year-old boy was reported missing from a migrant children's centre in Brownsville, Texas, police said. The boy allegedly ran away from the centre on Saturday, but officials did not offer any further details. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) has asked the military to create temporary housing for the thousands of undocumented migrants being detained at the US-Mexico border. Emails seen by US media revealed the bases would house minors who have crossed into the US without an adult relative as well as those who have been separated from their parents at the border. The shelters will be run by HHS and not the Pentagon, according to the Associated Press, and facilities may be available as early as July. US immigration officials say 2,342 children were separated from 2,206 parents from 5 May to 9 June. While the adults are held in custody pending court appearances, the children are being sent to holding cells, converted warehouses and desert tents under the "zero tolerance" policy introduced in April. Officials have gone to court to try to lengthen the time children can be held as parents are prosecuted. What is the president saying? Following similar comments over the weekend, President Donald Trump tweeted on Monday that hiring judges "is not the way to go" and that "people must simply be stopped at the border". "If this is done, illegal immigration will be stopped in it's tracks - and at very little, by comparison, cost", he continued. "This is the only real answer - and we must continue to BUILD THE WALL!" These comments come days after Mr Trump reversed a policy to separate migrant children from their parents amid fierce backlash at home and abroad. The president has not made a distinction between economic migrants and those seeking asylum in his Twitter posts. Mr Trump has faced criticism, including from some in his own Republican party, for his choice of language online. Following Mr Trump's election in 2016, the numbers of migrants held or detained while crossing the border had dropped significantly. However, since February 2018, the number of migrants crossing the border illegally is up, with arrests last month more than double those in May 2017. While illegal crossings cannot be accurately counted, border arrests are used as a measure of illegal border crossings.

মার্কিন প্রতিরক্ষা মন্ত্রী জিম মাটিস নিশ্চিত করেছেন, আমেরিকার দুটি সামরিক ঘাঁটিতে যুক্তরাষ্ট্রে অবৈধভাবে ঢোকা অভিবাসীদের জন্য অস্থায়ী থাকার ব্যবস্থা করা হবে।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

US tariffs on $34bn (£25.7bn) of Chinese goods have come into effect. China retaliated by imposing a similar 25% tariff on 545 US products, also worth a total of $34bn. Mr Trump said the US might target Chinese goods worth $500bn - the total value of Chinese imports in 2017. Beijing accused the US of starting the "largest trade war in economic history" and has lodged a case with the World Trade Organization (WTO). "Trade war is never a solution," said Chinese Premier Li Keqiang. "China would never start a trade war but if any party resorts to an increase of tariffs then China will take measures in response to protect development interests." The government-run English language China Daily newspaper said: "The Trump administration is behaving like a gang of hoodlums with its shakedown of other countries, particularly China." Conflict within the administration By Tara McKelvey, BBC News White House reporter Behind the trade war, there's conflict within the administration. Hardliners such as Peter Navarro, a trade policy adviser, says the US is defending itself against an "aggressive" China. Meanwhile some of the officials who had previously worked for the Obama administration - known as "holdovers" - are hoping to tamp down the US-China conflict. The tension between these factions is occasionally on display in the West Wing. I've seen two hardliners struggle over a podium, vying for a chance to broadcast Mr Trump's harsh message on economic issues, while the holdovers sit quietly at the side of the room. This reflects a larger division in the White House: Mr Trump and his closest aides are trying to bring about radical change, while those who support a more cautious approach find themselves sitting in silence. Analysts at Bank of America Merrill Lynch forecast only a modest escalation in the US-China battle, adding: "However, we can't rule out a full-blown, recession-inducing 'trade war'." Rob Carnell, chief Asia economist at ING, said: "This is not economic Armageddon. We will not have to hunt our food with pointy sticks. "But it is applying the brakes to a global economy that has less durable momentum than appears to be the case." China's decision to impose its own tariffs means US goods including cars, soya beans and lobsters are now subject to additional taxes. BMW said it could not absorb all of the 25% tariff on the cars it exports to China from a plant in Spartanburg, South Carolina and would have to raise prices. The US tariffs are the result of Mr Trump's attempt to protect US jobs and stop "unfair transfers of American technology and intellectual property to China". The White House said it would consult on tariffs on another $16bn of products, which Mr Trump has suggested could come into effect later this month. Mr Trump said: "You have another 16 [billion dollars] in two weeks, and then, as you know, we have $200bn in abeyance and then after the $200bn, we have $300bn in abeyance. OK? So we have 50 plus 200 plus almost 300." The imposition of the tariffs had little impact on Asian stock markets. The Shanghai Composite closed 0.5% higher, but ended the week 3.5% lower - its seventh consecutive week of losses. Tokyo closed 1.1% higher and European markets were up more than 1% in morning trading before turning negative on Friday afternoon. Mr Trump has already imposed tariffs on imported washing machines and solar panels, and started charging levies on the imports of steel and aluminium from the European Union, Mexico and Canada. The US tariffs imposed so far would affect the equivalent of 0.6% of global trade and account for 0.1% of global GDP, according to Morgan Stanley. Analysts are also concerned about the impact on others in the supply chain and about an escalation of tensions between the US and China in general. Please upgrade your browser to view this content. Timeline US-China trade war Share this timeline

যুক্তরাষ্ট্র আর চীনের মধ্যে বাণিজ্য যুদ্ধ শুরু হওয়ার পর, চীন থেকে আমদানি করা শত শত বিলিয়ন ডলার পণ্যের ওপর শুল্ক বসানোর হুমকি দিয়েছেন মার্কিন প্রেসিডেন্ট ডোনাল্ড ট্রাম্প। চীনও যুক্তরাষ্ট্র থেকে আমদানি করা বেশকিছু পণ্যের ওপর পাল্টা শুল্ক বসিয়েছে।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

Mr Widodo was re-elected in April, but his rival accused him of cheating and opposition supporters held protests, leaving nine dead. However, Indonesia's Constitutional Court last month upheld the results. The pair on Saturday put their differences aside while testing out Jakarta's new transit system. "Some people asked why Prabowo has not congratulated Jokowi, well I do have manners and I wanted to congratulate him in person," the opposition leader said, standing next to the president. "Being a president is about serving people, the problems he will have to face are enormous and I am ready to help," he added. The president said he had reached out to his rival - who also disputed his 2014 victory - because he hadn't yet been on the newly-inaugurated mass rapid transit (MRT) system in the Indonesian capital. "I am grateful for this arrangement so I can meet Prabowo Subianto, I hope our supporters will follow suit because we are all fellow countrymen," he said. "Let's unite as a nation because global competition is getting tighter and we need to stay together to develop our country," President Widodo added.

ইন্দোনেশিয়ার প্রেসিডেন্ট জকো ইয়োদোদো এবং বিরোধী নেতা প্রাবোও সুবিয়ান্তো এপ্রিলের নির্বাচনের পর এই প্রথমবার একে অপরের সাথে দেখা করলেন ট্রেনযাত্রার সময়।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

Earlier this year, a video showing a group of teenage boys trying to rip the clothes off a young woman was shared extensively on WhatsApp in India. In it, she is urging them to stop, using the term "bhaiyya" (Hindi for brother) but they are jeering, laughing, clearly enjoying themselves. As the video went viral, police were able to establish that it was filmed in a village in the northern state of Bihar. The accused teenagers were arrested. The arrests caused anxiety in their village in Jehanabad, a four-hour drive from the state capital Patna, where village elders blamed the entire incident on smartphones. Making pornographic material or sharing it is illegal in India. But even as it becomes easier to access pornography thanks to cheap data and smartphones, there is concern that this isn't being accompanied by any meaningful understanding of sex and relationships. Local boys in the village freely admitted to the BBC that they watched videos of molestation and rape. One 16-year-old said he had seen more than 25 such videos, adding that his friends often shared them on their smartphones. "Most boys in my class watch these videos together or sometimes by themselves," another boy said. "It feels fine because everyone does it." Experts say this kind of introduction to sex is typical for many Indian men. "We have not grown up being given sex education or having normal adult conversations about these things," says filmmaker and writer Paromita Vohra. She runs the website Agents of Ishq (Romance), which encourages open discussions about sex. "When people only watch violent sexual content, it is very desensitising because they start believing that violence is the only way to get pleasure and that female consent is unimportant." India has 400 million smartphone users, and more than half of them use WhatsApp, which is the medium often used to share such videos. In a statement to the BBC, WhatsApp said: "These horrendous rape videos and child pornography have no place on our platform. That's why we've made it easy to report problems like these so we can take appropriate action, including banning accounts. We also respond to valid legal requests from law enforcement in India to help them investigate crimes." Porn ban Concerned after a case in which some young men gang-raped a schoolgirl after allegedly watching porn on their mobile phones, a court in the northern state of Uttarakhand asked the federal government to reinstate a 2015 ban imposed by the Supreme Court on websites hosting violent pornography. It had been revoked almost instantly due to widespread protest. The ban only applies to some 800 websites that contain violent or abusive videos. This does not seem to have had much impact though. Within days of being blocked, one of the largest pornography websites had already set up a mirror site with a different URL for its Indian market. But is banning porn the answer? Many believe it is the lack of sex education that is fuelling the appetite for violent and misogynistic videos. Often, there is no deeper understanding of what a sexual relationship or experience should be for both men and women. This is something the government tried to change in 2009, when it began its Adolescent Education Programme (AEP). It sought to address changes in adolescence and dispel myths about gender, sexuality, sexually transmitted diseases and drug abuse. But implementing the programme remains a challenge. At an all-girls school in Jehanabad for instance, the principal had never heard of it. Huge market Sunita Krishnan, the founder of Prajwala, an organisation in the southern city of Hyderabad that deals with issues of sexual violence and trafficking says these violent videos reinforce the old belief that a woman's choice is insignificant and she has no agency. Ms Krishnan, a rape survivor herself, has also received such videos and has been campaigning to check their spread. In fact, the 2015 Supreme Court ban on porn sites was a result of her efforts. Even though she has managed to get a few of these videos taken down, she says it can be near impossible to completely erase something from the internet. Ranjeet Ranjan, who is one of only three women amongst Bihar's 40 MPs, says the lack of concern about such videos is alarming. "No-one really cares. If people had even a little respect for these girls, they would have gone to the police station instead of sharing such videos," she said. Ms Ranjan is also concerned by what she sees as "a competition" to make such videos. "If these continue to circulate and we have no sex education, then it will embolden the thinking that a woman should be treated as an object, a source of entertainment."

ভারতে যেভাবে ধর্ষণের ভিডিও ভাইরাল হওয়ার উদ্বেগজনক ঘটনা ঘটছে তাতে অনেকেই বিশ্বাস করতে শুরু করেছেন, স্মার্ট-ফোন এবং সহিংসতায় পরিপূর্ণ পর্ণ ভিডিও, যৌনতা সম্পর্কে শিক্ষার অভাব যৌন সহিংসতার ঘটনা বাড়িয়ে দিতে পারে।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

By Raj Kaur BilkhuAsian Network reporter Hetal Lakhani from Dallas, USA, started an online petition against the option, which led to the company removing it. She started it after speaking to another user, who questioned the filter in light of anti-racism protests. Shaadi.com says the filter "was not serving any purpose" and was a "product debris we missed removing". When users joined the site they were asked to select how dark or light their skin is under the 'skin tone' option. Users could search for potential partners by the skin tone they'd selected, but Shaadi.com claims this filter didn't work and searches would show all matches of all skin tones. The website is unique to other dating sites because it replaces south Asian tradition of a matchmaker and helps people intending to get married find a spouse. Meghan Nagpal was using the website to find a potential life partner who would also be of Indian origin. "I emailed them (shaadi.com) and one representative said this is a filter required by most parents," she tells BBC Asian Network. She discussed the complexion filter on a Facebook group, where Hetal is also a member. 'I was really shocked' "When Meghan shared this on our group I was really shocked because a company usually has a social responsibility," says Hetal. "I wanted to tackle this in a way that could make a difference so I started a petition. "And it just took off like wildfire. Within 14 hours we had over 1,500 signatures. People were so glad we were raising the issue." The petition was shared with Shaadi.com by a blogger knows as Miss Roshni who runs an entertainment website, Urban Asian. She challenged the company for their response to Meghan and described the skin tone filter as "disrespectful" and "disgusting". Shaadi.com claimed it was "blindspot" they had missed on their site and the filter was removed overnight. "It's just one small step in an ultimate goal of promoting equality within the south Asian community on a global level," said Meghan. Hetal added: "I have my bachelors, I have my masters. But if a skin tone can take that away from me - that would be the worst." Colourism in South Asia Colourism in South Asia has come under the spotlight following global anti-racism protests after the death of George Floyd. Indian film actors have also been criticised "Bollywood stars were on one hand endorsing fairness creams but on the other hand were supporting the Black Lives Matter movement," said Meghan. "So a part of me was thinking there is obviously a mindset within the south Asian culture about fair skin being better, and that's spilling over into matrimonial websites. "You hear it more when older people in our community are commenting about women rather than men; saying 'she is so fair, she is so beautiful' and I think it's more of an unconscious bias." Hetal says a company with international reach should be more responsible. "People have their biases. But a company should not inculcate that culture." The Director of Marketing at Shaadi.com told BBC Asian Network: "We truly believe that love comes in all shapes and shades. "And we are proud to represent a cross-section of India - that's something very few companies in India can boast about." I selected 'wheat-ish' Priya (name has been changed) found her husband on the site after being rejected by others for her skin colour. "I am dark-skinned and saw the skin colour question on there (shaadi.com) and answered it the best I could," she tells BBC Asian Network. "I remember selecting 'wheat-ish' - whatever that means." "My mother-in-law was dead against our marriage because I was a lot darker than her fair skinned, handsome son. Her generation view beauty in shades, which I have hated my entire life. "I can't change my skin tone and it hurts." Follow Newsbeat on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Listen to Newsbeat live at 12:45 and 17:45 weekdays - or listen back here.

দক্ষিণ এশিয়দের বিয়ের ঘটকালির সাইট শাদী-ডট-কম ব্যবহারকারীদের চাপের মুখে ছবিতে গায়ের রঙ পরিবর্তন করার একটি ফিল্টার তাদের সাইট থেকে তুলে নিয়েছে।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

He proposed an independent Palestinian state and the recognition of Israeli sovereignty over West Bank settlements. Standing alongside Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu at the White House, Mr Trump said his proposals "could be the last opportunity" for Palestinians. Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas dismissed the plans as a "conspiracy". "I say to Trump and Netanyahu: Jerusalem is not for sale, all our rights are not for sale and are not for bargain. And your deal, the conspiracy, will not pass," he said in a televised address from Ramallah in the West Bank. The blueprint, which aims to solve one of the world's longest-running conflicts, was drafted under the stewardship of President Trump's son-in-law Jared Kushner. Thousands of Palestinians protested in the Gaza Strip earlier on Tuesday, while the Israeli military deployed reinforcements in the occupied West Bank. The joint announcement came as both Mr Trump and Mr Netanyahu faced political challenges at home. Mr Trump is the subject of an impeachment trial in the US Senate while the Israeli PM on Tuesday dropped his bid for immunity on corruption charges. Both men deny any wrongdoing. David Friedman, the US ambassador to Israel, said that the timing of the announcement was not tied to any political development, adding it had been "fully baked" for some time. Meanwhile, reports said Mr Netanyahu was planning to press ahead with annexing 30% of the occupied West Bank, with a cabinet vote due on Sunday. More than 400,000 Israelis live in West Bank settlements. Those settlements are considered illegal under international law, although Israel disputes this. Mr Friedman said Israel did "not have to wait at all" to move ahead with annexation. What are Trump's key proposals? "Today, Israel takes a big step towards peace," Mr Trump told officials and reporters at the White House. "My vision presents a win-win opportunity for both sides, a realistic two-state solution that resolves the risk of Palestinian statehood to Israel's security." His proposals are: "Palestinians are in poverty and violence, exploited by those seeking to use them as pawns to advance terrorism and extremism. They deserve a far better life," Mr Trump said. He also indicated that the West Bank would not be cut in half under the plan. "We will also work to create a contiguous territory within the future Palestinian state, for when the conditions for statehood are met, including the firm rejection of terrorism," he said. Israeli officials said Mr Netanyahu would fly to Moscow on Wednesday to discuss the proposals with Russian President Vladimir Putin. A plan that overturns Palestinian aspirations Until now all of the most difficult aspects of an Israeli-Palestinian peace deal - the so-called final status issues - like borders; the future of Israeli settlements in the West Bank; the long-term status of Jerusalem; and the fate of Palestinian refugees, were to be left for face-to-face talks between the Israelis and Palestinians themselves. Not any longer. The deal proposed by President Trump and enthusiastically endorsed by Prime Minister Netanyahu essentially frames all of these issues in Israel's favour. The Palestinians were not just absent from this meeting - they have boycotted the Trump administration ever since it unilaterally moved its embassy to Jerusalem. But they have essentially been presented with an ultimatum - accept the Trump parameters or else, and they have been given some four years to come around. While President Trump is offering the Palestinians a state it would be a much truncated one. No Jewish settlers will be uprooted and Israeli sovereignty will apparently be extended to the settlement blocs and the Jordan Valley. The Palestinians might have a capital in the East Jerusalem suburbs. This "take it or leave it offer" will appal many long-standing students of the region. The question now is not so much what benefit this deal might bring but how much damage it may do by over-turning Palestinian aspirations. What reaction has there been? In his address, President Abbas said it was "impossible for any Palestinian, Arab, Muslim or Christian child to accept" a Palestinian state without Jerusalem as its capital. "We say a thousand times, no, no, no," he said. "We rejected this deal from the start and our stance was correct." The militant Palestinian Islamist group Hamas, which controls the Gaza Strip, also rejected the deal which it said aimed "to liquidate the Palestinian national project". The UN said it remained committed to a two-state solution based on the borders in place before the 1967 war, when Israel seized the West Bank and Gaza. A spokesman for Secretary General António Guterres said the UN wanted a peace deal on the basis of UN resolutions, international law and bilateral agreements. Israeli human rights group B'Tselem said the proposals envisaged a form of apartheid. It said Palestinians would be relegated "to small, enclosed, isolated enclaves, with no control over their lives". Israel's Peace Now organisation said the plan was "as detached from reality as it is eye-catching". "The plan's green light for Israel to annex the settlements in exchange for a perforated Palestinian state is unviable and would not bring stability," it said. British Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab urged the Palestinians to give the plans "genuine and fair consideration and explore whether they might prove a first step on the road back to negotiations". What's the background? The Palestinians broke off contacts with the Trump administration in December 2017, after Mr Trump decided to recognise Jerusalem as Israel's capital and move the US embassy to the city from Tel Aviv. Since then, the US has ended both bilateral aid for Palestinians and contributions for the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA). And in November, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said the US had abandoned its four-decades-old position that Jewish settlements in the West Bank were inconsistent with international law. The Arab League will convene an urgent meeting on Saturday. What are the issues at stake? Of all the conflicts in the Middle East, that between Israel and the Palestinians has been the most intractable. Although the two sides signed a breakthrough peace accord in 1993, more than a quarter of a century on the two sides are arguably as far apart as ever. Jerusalem: Both Israel and the Palestinians hold competing claims to the city. Israel, which occupied the formerly Jordanian-held eastern part in 1967, regards the whole of Jerusalem as its capital. The Palestinians insist on East Jerusalem - home to about 350,000 of their community - as the capital of a hoped-for independent state. Palestinian statehood: The Palestinians want an independent state of their own, comprising the West Bank, Gaza and East Jerusalem. Israeli prime ministers have publicly accepted the notion of a Palestinian state alongside Israel but not what form it should take. Benjamin Netanyahu has said any Palestinian state should be demilitarised with the powers to govern itself but not to threaten Israel. Recognition: Israel insists that any peace deal must include Palestinian recognition of it as the "nation-state of the Jewish people", arguing that without this Palestinians will continue to press their own national claims to the land, causing the conflict to endure. The Palestinians says what Israel calls itself is its own business, but to recognise it as the Jewish state will discriminate against Israel's Arab population of Palestinian origin, who are Muslims, Christians and Druze. Borders: Both sides have fundamentally different ideas as to where the boundaries of a potential Palestinian state should be. The Palestinians insist on borders based on ceasefire lines which separated Israel and East Jerusalem, the West Bank and Gaza between 1949 and 1967. Israel says those lines are militarily indefensible and were never intended to be permanent. It has not said where borders should be, other than making clear its own eastern border should be along the Jordan River. Settlements: Since 1967, Israel has built about 140 settlements in the occupied West Bank and East Jerusalem, as well as 121 outposts - settlements built without the government's authorisation. They have become home to some 600,000 Israeli Jews. Settlements are considered illegal by most of the international community, though Israel disputes this. Palestinians say all settlements must be removed for a Palestinian state to be viable. Mr Netanyahu has vowed not only to never to uproot any settlements but to bring them under Israeli sovereignty. Refugees: The UN says its agencies support about 5.5 million Palestinian refugees in the Middle East (the Palestinian Authority says there are up to 6 million), including the descendants of people who fled or were expelled by Jewish forces from what became Israel in the 1948-49 war. Palestinians insist on their right to return to their former homes, but Israel says they are not entitled to, noting that such a move would overwhelm it demographically and lead to its end as a Jewish state. 100 years of Israeli-Palestinian conflict: Key moments* * entries are selective and abridged

বহুল প্রতীক্ষিত মধ্যপ্রাচ্য শান্তি পরিকল্পনা প্রকাশ করেছেন মার্কিন প্রেসিডেন্ট ডোনাল্ড ট্রাম্প, যেখানে জেরুসালেমকে ইসরায়েলের অবিচ্ছেদ্য রাজধানী রাখার অঙ্গীকার আছে।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

By Geeta PandeyBBC News, Delhi In one particularly shocking case, police in the capital, Delhi, have arrested a man in his 30s for the rape and assault of an 86-year-old grandmother. "The woman was waiting outside her home on Monday evening for the milkman when she was approached by her attacker," Swati Maliwal, head of the Delhi Commission for Women, told the BBC. "He told her that her regular milk delivery man wasn't coming and offered to take her to the place where she could get milk." The octogenarian trustingly accompanied him, said Ms Maliwal, adding that he took her to a nearby farm where he raped her. "She kept crying and begging him to leave her. She told him that she was like his grandmother. But he ignored her pleas and assaulted her mercilessly when she tried to resist and protect herself," Ms Maliwal said. Local villagers who were passing by heard her cries and rescued her. They handed over the attacker to the police. Ms Maliwal, who visited the survivor at her home on Tuesday, described her meeting as "heart-breaking". "Her hands are totally wrinkled. You get a shock when you hear what she went through. There are bruises on her face and all over her body. She is suffering from extreme trauma." Ms Maliwal has demanded the death penalty for the attacker, whom she described as "not human". "I'm writing to the chief justice of Delhi High Court and the lieutenant-governor of the city to fast-track the case and hang him in six months," she said. Rapes and sexual violence have been in the spotlight in India since December 2012 when a 23-year-old physiotherapy student was gang-raped on a moving bus in Delhi. She died a few days later from injuries sustained during the assault. Four of the accused were hanged in March. But despite the increased scrutiny of sexual crimes, their numbers continue to rise. According to the National Crime Records Bureau, police recorded 33,977 cases of rape in India in 2018 - that works out to a rape every 15 minutes. But campaigners say the actual numbers are much higher as many cases are not even reported. And not all make news - only the most brutal or shocking get reported in the press. In the last few days, while India has been struggling to cope with the coronavirus pandemic, there have been reports of an ambulance driver who allegedly raped a Covid-19 patient while ferrying her to hospital. Last month, a 13-year-old girl was found raped and murdered in a sugarcane field and her father alleged that her eyes were gouged out and her tongue had been cut. And in July, a six-year-old girl was abducted and raped and her attacker inflicted severe injuries to her eyes apparently so she couldn't identify him. As women's activist Yogita Bhayana points out, no age group is safe. "I have met a month-old girl and women in their 60s who've been raped," Ms Bhayana, who works for People Against Rapes in India (Pari), an NGO working with survivors, says. After the global outcry over the brutality of the December 2012 Delhi bus rape, India introduced tough new rape laws, including the death penalty in especially horrific cases, and promised to set up fast-track courts to try rape cases. But, campaigners say, things have not changed much on the ground. "The situation hasn't changed because protecting women and girls should top the list of government priorities, but it does not even figure there," Ms Bhayana says. "India talks about external security, but I ask them what about internal security? What are you doing to ensure the safety of women and girls?" Ms Bhayana says over the years, she has written more than 100 letters to Prime Minister Narendra Modi seeking justice for rape victims, but hasn't received a single response. "Why doesn't he talk about it?" she asks. While in opposition, Mr Modi had described Delhi as "the rape capital" in several election rallies. And after taking over as the prime minister in 2014, he appeared to make it a priority - in his first independence day speech that year, he talked about rape and offered parents some advice on how to bring up better sons. "When we hear about these rapes our heads hang in shame," he said. "In every home, parents ask daughters lots of questions as to where she is going, when will she return, and ask her to inform them when she reaches her destination. "But have you ever asked your son where he is going, why is he going and who are his friends? After all, the person committing the rape is also someone's son," he said, advising parents to keep tabs on their sons. In India's largely feudal and patriarchal society, this was seen as ground-breaking. But since then the growing cases of sexual violence, many of them involving influential people, have made news - and Mr Modi has mostly kept silent, except for one tweet in 2018 that "India's daughters will get justice" after rape allegations involving members of his own party became headline news. Ms Bhayana says there is "no magic wand, no one thing" that can make this problem of gender violence disappear overnight. She says a lot needs to change - police and judicial reform, greater sensitisation of police and lawyers, and better forensic tools. "But above all, we need gender awareness, we need to work to change the mindsets, to prevent such crimes from happening in the first place." And that is a tough ask, she adds. "There is no sign that any government, be it the Delhi government or the federal government, is serious about tackling gender violence. "I've been working in the field for eight years. I've never met anyone who's really serious about the issue." Ms Bhayana says there are hoardings in public places about all sorts of issues, about various achievements of government, about Covid-19, or cautioning people against drug use. "But have you ever seen a hoarding in any city about rape or gender violence?" she asks. "We often see hoardings with Mr Modi's pet slogan, "Beti bachao, beti padhao [Educate daughters, save daughters]. I say why don't we change it to Beta padhao, beti bachao [Educate your sons, save daughters]?"

ভারতে প্রতি বছর হাজারে হাজারে ধর্ষণ হয় বা হচ্ছে। কিন্তু কিছু ঘটনা মনে দাগ কেটে যায়, তার মধ্যে একটা ঘটনা দিল্লি পুলিশের নজরে এসেছে, যেখানে ৮৬ বছরের এক বৃদ্ধাকে ধর্ষণ করেছে ত্রিশের কোঠায় থাকা এক ব্যক্তি।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

By Navin Singh KhadkaEnvironment correspondent, BBC World Service But this spring, at least 10 people have already been reported dead or missing on the world's highest peak. This is also the season that saw a record 381 climbing permits issued by the Nepalese government. In reality, this means about 600 people were preparing to embark on the climb, with permit holders accompanied by support staff up the mountain. While overcrowding has been blamed for the increase in the number of deaths, there are also other factors at play. 1. Missed weather window Many of the climbers began gathering at Everest base camp at the start of May. At the same time, the authorities were concerned about the knock-on effects of Cyclone Fani which had already struck India and Bangladesh. The weather deteriorated in the Nepalese Himalayas days after the cyclone, forcing the government to suspend all mountaineering activities for at least two days. Nearly 20 tents at the camp were blown away by strong winds and after the warning, several climbers, who were already en route to some of the higher camps, returned to base camp. Prolonged bad weather meant that the practice of fixing bolted rope to assist climbers trying to reach the summit was delayed. Meanwhile the crowd at base camp continued to build. Everest - which lies on the border between Nepal and China - can be reached from the Chinese side as well. However, the Chinese government issues fewer permits, and many mountaineering experts find the climb less interesting. After the ropes were fixed by mid-May, the first feasible clear-weather window was 19 and 20 May. But only a few teams chose to climb then while the majority waited for the second window - from 22 to 24 May. 2. 'Bad crowd-management' Mountaineering experts say this was when the crowd management went wrong. 23 May saw the maximum number of climbers on one day - more than 250. Climbers had to wait for hours below the summit - both on the way up and on the way down. Many of them were exhausted and their oxygen cylinders were running low. Nepal's mountaineering regulation requires expedition teams to have liaison officers on the mountains. This time 59 of them were appointed to accompany the teams but only five of them stayed until the final part of the climb. Some did not even turn up, while most of those who did went home after a few days at the base camp. These are often regular government officials who have no mountaineering experience, so they find it difficult to cope with the high altitude. They get paid by expedition teams and most of them are happy to stay at home. If all the liaison officials had stayed on the mountain, managing the crowd would have been much easier, a top government source at Everest base camp told the BBC. "We could have spread the teams so that the first feasible window (19-20 May) would have seen more climbers and the pressure would have been less during the second window," they said. "Since almost none of these liaison officials stayed, it became very difficult for the limited officials to handle this huge number of climbers." Liaison officials not turning up has been an issue ailing Nepal's mountaineering industry for years now. Meera Acharya, head of the mountaineering section at Nepal's tourism ministry, said 80% of the appointed officials did go to the base camp this time. "But I admit that not all of our liaison officials stayed there for long. We are aware of this issue and we are working to address it." "We do hear of deaths of climbers on Mount Kilimanjaro as well, why is Everest being singled out here?" 3. Inexperienced climbers Mountaineering experts say there is also an increase in the number of inexperienced climbers joining the growing crowd on Everest. This time round, many of them had just one Sherpa guide with their team, officials at the base camp said. "When you have a dangerous situation like this, one Sherpa will not be able to help you much because he will have to take care of himself." Some of the mountaineers who successfully returned after summiting said they had seen climbers struggling because they were running out of oxygen - they had to wait much longer. "This new generation of climbers, eager to bag the top and brag back home, didn't know enough to understand the difference between climbing Everest and Makalu (Mount Makalu, the 5th highest peak southeast of Everest)," says Alan Arnette, an experienced mountaineer and writer on mountaineering issues. "They joined a random team of individuals with shared logistics for an independent climb. They didn't understand the word 'independent' and had no experience to evaluate the risks." Veteran climbers have long suggested Nepal's government should introduce certain criteria, including mandatory experience of having climbed peaks above 6,000m, for issuing Everest climbing permits. 4. Competition between operators The quest to get anyone willing to pay has been mainly down to intense competition between operators, particularly old and new ones. With the entry of new expedition operators offering cheaper prices, mountaineers say even some of the established ones have been forced to cut their fees. "As a result, you see agencies hiring inexperienced people as guides who cannot offer the right guidance to their clients when they have a situation like this," said Tshering Pande Bhote, vice president of Nepal National Mountain Guides Association. "Unfortunately the competition is for volume and not for quality." Expedition operators admit there are problems but they argue they also need to increase the number of visitors for the growth of the industry. "Next year, for example, is Visit Nepal Year (a mega-tourism campaign that aims to bring in two million tourists)," says Dambar Parajuli, president of the Expedition Operators Association of Nepal. "So we will need to have more visitors, including mountaineers, but clearly how we manage traffic jams like this remains our major challenge."

গত দুই দশকের হিসেবে দেখা যায় হিমালয়ের সর্বোচ্চ শৃঙ্গ মাউন্ট এভারেস্টে আরোহণ করতে গিয়ে প্রতি বছর গড়ে ছ'জন আরোহী মারা যায়।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

The motion - which passed 266 to 0 - was supported by all opposition parties and a handful of lawmakers from the governing Liberal Party. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and most members of his cabinet abstained. The motion makes Canada just the second country after the United States to recognise China's actions as genocide. Lawmakers also voted to pass an amendment asking Canada to call on the International Olympic Committee to move the 2022 Winter Olympics from Beijing "if the Chinese government continues this genocide". China responded late on Tuesday, saying it condemned and rejected Canada's motion, according to a Reuters report. It quoted foreign ministry spokesman Wang Wenbin as saying that China had lodged "stern representations" with Canada. Mr Trudeau has so far been hesitant to label China's actions against the Uighur minority in Xinjiang a genocide, calling the term "extremely loaded" and saying further examination was needed before a decision could be made. Just one member of his cabinet, Foreign Affairs Minister Marc Garneau, appeared in parliament for the vote. Speaking in the House of Commons, Mr Garneau said he had abstained "on behalf of the government of Canada". Speaking ahead of the vote, opposition leader Erin O'Toole said the move was necessary to send a "clear and unequivocal signal that we will stand up for human rights and the dignity of human rights, even if it means sacrificing some economic opportunity". In an open letter to Mr Trudeau earlier this month asking him to "stand up to China", Mr O'Toole noted the recent banning of BBC World News from China - a decision that followed a BBC report alleging systematic rape, sexual abuse and torture in China's "re-education" camps in Xinjiang. Monday's non-binding motion marks the latest escalation in Canada-China relations, which have soured over recent years. China's ambassador to Canada Cong Peiwu had earlier told the Canadian Press that the motion was "interfering in [China's] domestic affairs". "We firmly oppose that because it runs counter to facts," he said. "There's nothing like genocide happening in Xinjiang at all." Rights groups believe that China has detained up to a million Uighurs over the past few years in what the state defines as "re-education camps". BBC investigations suggest that Uighurs are being used as forced labour. Canada's symbolic motion does not lay out next steps, but says the Canadian government needs to follow the lead of its US neighbours. Both the current and former US Secretaries of State, Anthony Blinken and Mike Pompeo, have declared that China's policies against Uighur Muslims and other ethnic minorities in its western Xinjiang region constitute genocide.

চীনে উইঘুর মুসলিমদের প্রতি যে আচরণ করা হচ্ছে তাকে গণহত্যা হিসেবে আনুষ্ঠানিকভাবে অভিহিত করে ভোট দিয়েছে কানাডার হাউজ অফ কমন্স।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

Crowds of passengers were pictured arriving at Wuhan train station on Saturday. People are being allowed to enter but not leave, according to reports. Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province, saw more than 50,000 coronavirus cases. At least 3,000 people in Hubei died from the disease. But numbers have fallen dramatically, according to China's figures. On Saturday the province reported 54 new cases emerging the previous day - which it said were all imported. As it battles to control cases coming from abroad, China has announced a temporary ban on all foreign visitors, even if they have visas or residence permits. It is also limiting Chinese and foreign airlines to one flight per week, and flights must not be more than 75% full. In other global developments: Meanwhile, the virus continues to spread rapidly in other countries around the world. What signs are there of Wuhan reopening? The virus is thought to have originated in a seafood market in Wuhan that "conducted illegal transactions of wild animals". The city's 11 million residents have been shut off from the rest of the world since the middle of January, with roadblocks around the outskirts and drastic restrictions on daily life. But roads reopened to incoming traffic late on Friday, according to Reuters news agency. And state media said the subway was open from Saturday and trains would be able to arrive at the city's 17 railway stations. Nineteen-year-old student Guo Liangkai, who arrived back in the city after three months, told Reuters: "First of all, it makes me very happy to see my family. "We wanted to hug but now is a special period so we can't hug or make any actions like these." All arrivals in Wuhan have to show a green code on a mobile app to prove that they are healthy. Officials say restrictions on people leaving the city will be lifted on 8 April, when domestic flights are also expected to restart. The virus emerged in China in December and more than 3,300 people there have died from the infection - but both Italy and Spain now have higher death tolls. Coronavirus global cases, 22 April 2020 This information is regularly updated but may not reflect the latest totals for each country. Source: Johns Hopkins University, national public health agencies. Last updated on 22 April 2020, 07:00 BST. It is now battling to control a wave of imported cases as infections soar abroad. This so-called "second wave" of imported infections is also affecting countries like South Korea and Singapore, which had been successful in stopping the spread of disease in recent weeks.

চীনের যে উহান শহর থেকে করোনাভাইরাস মহামারির সূচনা হয়েছিল - সেই শহরটি দুই মাসেরও বেশি সময় অবরুদ্ধ রাখার পর আজ আংশিকভাবে খুলে দেওয়া হয়েছে।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

On Saturday, police carried out more than 100 raids, confiscating supplies of the suspected liquor and making 25 arrests. The number of dead has steadily risen in the last few days. Hundreds of people die in India each year after drinking bootleg alcohol from backstreet distilleries. On Friday, Punjab's Chief Minister Amarinder Singh ordered an inquiry into the deaths. Reports suggest the illegal liquor may have been produced in bulk, sold to roadside cafe owners and then distributed to local communities. The case follows reports on Friday of the deaths of 10 people - said to have alcohol addictions - who drank hand sanitiser in the southern state of Andhra Pradesh. Deaths from illegally produced alcohol, which is much cheaper than branded spirits, are common in parts of rural India. Bootleggers often add methanol - a highly toxic form of alcohol sometimes used as an anti-freeze - to their mixture to increase its strength. If ingested in even small quantities, methanol can cause blindness, liver damage and death.

ভারতের পাঞ্জাব রাজ্যে বিষাক্ত মদ পান করে গত কয়েকদিনে অন্তত ৮৬ জন মারা গেছেন বলে উত্তর ভারতের রাজ্যটির কর্তৃপক্ষ বলছে।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

State media said Hwasong-12 rockets would pass over Japan and land in the sea about 30km (17 miles) from Guam, if the plan was approved by Kim Jong-un. It denounced Donald Trump's warnings of "fire and fury" and said the US leader was "bereft of reason". The US has warned the North its actions could mean the "end of its regime". US Secretary of Defense Jim Mattis said Pyongyang would be "grossly overmatched" in any war against the US and its allies. The BBC's Rupert Wingfield-Hayes, who is in Guam, says there is a sense that the North Korean threat is rhetorical, as most people feel that if they really did strike with missiles it would be suicidal for the North Korean regime. Separately, the European Union said it was freezing the assets of nine more people and four more entities, including North Korea's Foreign Trade Bank, in line with fresh sanctions approved by the UN Security Council on Saturday. What is the North planning? The North first announced on Wednesday that it had been drawing up plans for a missile strike against Guam, a Pacific island which is home to US military bases, strategic bombers and about 163,000 people. A later statement carried by state media said the military would "finally complete the plan" by mid-August and send it to leader Kim Jong-un for his approval. "The Hwasong-12 rockets to be launched by the KPA [Korean People's Army] will cross the sky above Shimane, Hiroshima and Koichi [Kochi] Prefectures of Japan," state news agency KCNA said, quoting army chief General Kim Rak Gyom. "They will fly 3,356.7km for 1,065 seconds and hit the waters 30-40km away from Guam." The Hwasong missiles are North Korea's domestically produced medium and long-range weapons. What has been the reaction in the region? The governor of Guam addressed the North's new statement on Thursday, telling Reuters news agency that North Korea usually likes to be unpredictable and has fired surprise missiles in the past. "They're now telegraphing their punch, which means they don't want to have any misunderstandings. I think that's a position of fear," said Governor Eddie Calvo. Meanwhile Japanese government spokesman Yoshihide Suga said Pyongyang's actions were "provocative to the region including Japan as well as to the security of the international community". "We can never tolerate this," he added. Defence Minister Itsunori Onodera told MPs Japan could legally intercept a North Korean missile headed for Guam because such a move would threaten Japan's existence as a nation. Recent legislation also allows Japan to defend the US and other allies from attack. Previously Japan's position was only to shoot down missiles headed for its own territory. South Korea's military said it was prepared for swift action. "If North Korea conducts provocation in defiance of our military's grave warning, it will confront the strong and firm response of our military and the US-South Korea alliance," Joint Chiefs of Staff spokesman Roh Jae-cheon said. The foreign ministry in Seoul, meanwhile, urged Pyongyang to respond to its recent offer of new dialogue. China has urged calm, describing the situation as "complex and sensitive". What have the two sides been saying? North Korean state media said President Trump's remarks on Tuesday that the North risked "fire and fury" for threatening the US were "a load of nonsense". "Sound dialogue is not possible with such a guy bereft of reason and only absolute force can work on him," it added. Amid escalating rhetoric, Mr Mattis issued a strongly worded statement on Wednesday calling on Pyongyang to halt its arms programme. "While our state department is making every effort to resolve this global threat through diplomatic means, it must be noted that the combined allied militaries now possess the most precise, rehearsed and robust defensive and offensive capabilities on Earth," he said. Mr Trump, who is holidaying in New Jersey, boasted about America's atomic arsenal earlier on Wednesday. The tiny but important island of Guam Should we be worried? US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson has sought to reassure Americans that North Korea does not pose an imminent threat. On Wednesday, he said the situation had not dramatically changed over the past few days, and that Americans "should sleep well at night". South Korea's military says it has not seen any unusual action in the North that might indicate a provocation. Despite rounds of UN sanctions, Pyongyang carried out two nuclear tests last year and two intercontinental ballistic missile tests in July. Various reports recently have suggested the North has now achieved its goal of making a nuclear warhead small enough to fit inside its missiles. But this remains unconfirmed, and most analysts doubt the country would launch a pre-emptive attack on the US.

উত্তর কোরিয়া বলছে, যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের প্রশান্ত মহাসাগরীয় অঞ্চল গুয়ামের কাছাকাছি এলাকায় তারা চারটি ক্ষেপণাস্ত্র হামলা চালাতে প্রস্তুত।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

The missile was launched off the North's east coast early on Wednesday and travelled about 1,000km (620 miles), one of the North's longest launches to date. Japanese PM Shinzo Abe said it was a "grave threat" to his country. The North is barred from developing nuclear and ballistic missile technology by UN resolution. But it had vowed a "physical response" after the US and South Korea agreed plans to deploy an advanced US missile defence system in South Korea. The North has carried out repeated missile tests in recent months. 'Ambition to attack' The US Strategic Command said two missiles had been fired simultaneously on Wednesday from Hwanghae province at about 07:50 Seoul time (22:50 GMT Tuesday), but one exploded immediately after launch. The Japanese defence ministry said the other missile landed inside its exclusive economic zone (EEZ) - the 200 nautical miles of ocean around a country over which it has jurisdiction. An official at South Korea's Joint Chiefs of Staff said it appeared to have been a medium-range Rodong. The launch showed the North's "ambition to attack neighbouring countries", he said. There were no reports of any damage. Mr Abe said it posed a grave threat to Japan's security, calling it an "unforgiveable act of violence". He said Tokyo had protested strongly against it. The US similarly condemned the launch. "We remain prepared to work to respond to further DPRK [Democratic People's Republic of Korea] provocations, as well as to defend ourselves and our allies from any attack or provocation," said State Department spokeswoman Anna Richey-Allen. In June, after what appeared to be several failed launches, North Korea sent a mid-range missile more than 1,400km into the atmosphere, indicating it had made progress in its abilities to strike US targets in the region, according to analysts. In July, North Korea fired three ballistic missiles into the sea, saying it was a simulated strike on the South. Local media reports say South Korean officials believe the North is preparing to conduct a fifth test of a nuclear weapon. But North Korea is not yet believed to have the ability to mount a nuclear warhead on a missile to make a deliverable weapon.

জাপান ও দক্ষিণ কোরিয়ার কর্মকর্তারা জানাচ্ছেন, দেশের পশ্চিমাঞ্চলীয় এলাকা থেকে উত্তর কোরিয়া জাপান সাগরে ব্যালাস্টিক ক্ষেপণাস্ত্র নিক্ষেপ করেছে।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

Some of the dead animals had suffocated as they had been stitched inside cloth dolls, a statement from Cologne Bonn airport customs said. The endangered horned lizards, alligator lizards and box turtles were destined for private buyers in Germany. They are among many species that the global Cites accord seeks to protect. German officials are now trying to trace the origin of the reptiles, using DNA samples. It is not yet clear if they came from the wild or from captive breeding programmes. They were in two packages seized on 30 October and 8 November. The customs service is collaborating with Mexican authorities and with zoologists at the Alexander Koenig Research Museum (ZFMK) in Bonn. The smugglers could be fined, if the police can identify them. The 16 surviving reptiles might be returned to their Mexican habitat. ZFMK's work with customs mostly focuses on illegal goods made from poached endangered species, such as snakeskin handbags or furs. The 1973 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (Cites) has been signed by 182 states and the EU, and covers about 6,000 animal species and 30,000 plant types. Read more on this topic:

জার্মানির বিমানবন্দরের শুল্ক কর্মকর্তারা ২৬টি বিরল প্রজাতির সরীসৃপ উদ্ধার করেছে। মেক্সিকো থেকে খেলনার পুতুল ও মিষ্টি খাবারের প্যাকেটের মধ্যে লুকিয়ে এগুলো জার্মানিতে পাচার করা হচ্ছিল। এর মধ্যে ১০টি সরীসৃপ মৃত পাওয়া গেছে।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

The man was charged in New Mexico with "abusive sexual contact" after he allegedly touched the breasts of the passenger sitting in front of him. The woman was helped by aircraft staff to find a different seat and the man was arrested on arrival in Albuquerque. Mr Trump was once recorded boasting about grabbing women by the genitals. According to the criminal complaint released by the district court in Albuquerque, the accused told police "that the President of the United States says it's ok to grab women by their private parts". The accused will remain in custody pending a preliminary hearing, the court said. A conviction of abusive sexual contact would carry a maximum penalty of two years in prison and a fine of $250,000 (£193,000). What is said to have happened? The woman says in the complaint that she fell asleep after boarding but woke from being touched "on her right side at and around her 'bra line'". She first assumed the contact had been by accident but half an hour later was allegedly being groped a second time. The woman said she had then got up and confronted the man seated behind her. She was helped by a crew member to move to another section of the aircraft for the remainder of the flight. During the 2016 US presidential campaign, a tape surfaced on which Mr Trump can be heard bragging about grabbing women. The tape was of a 2005 conversation with TV host Billy Bush with neither of the two men aware they were being recorded. On it, Mr Trump can be heard saying that "you can do anything" to women and "grab them by the pussy". The then-candidate later apologised for the comments, saying they did not reflect who he was.

মার্কিন যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের এক ব্যক্তি, যাকে একজন নারীর বুকে হাত দেয়ার জন্য আটক করা হয়েছে, তিনি বলছেন, নারীদের অঙ্গ স্পর্শ করা দোষের কিছু না কারণ মার্কিন প্রেসিডেন্ট ট্রাম্প নিজে একথা বলেছেন।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

In a deeply personal TV interview, Meghan told Oprah Winfrey that she did not get help when she asked for it. She said a low point was when Harry was asked by an unnamed family member "how dark" their son Archie's skin might be. Oprah later said Harry had told her it was not the Queen or the Duke of Edinburgh who made the comment. The highly-anticipated interview with Oprah, which the couple were not paid for, aired overnight in the US. During the two-hour CBS special, to be screened in the UK on ITV at 21:00 GMT on Monday night and on ITV Hub, Courtesy of Harpo Productions/CBS, the couple covered a range of topics, including racism, mental health, their relationship with the media and Royal Family dynamics. In other key revelations: The couple moved to California after formally stepping down from royal duties in March 2020, and it was announced last month that they would not be returning as working members of the Royal Family. Meghan said that she started to feel lonely when limits were placed on what she could do, revealing that at one point she did not leave the house for months. At one point she thought she "could not feel lonelier", she told Oprah. Asked by Oprah if she was thinking of self-harm and having suicidal thoughts at some stage, the 39-year-old replied: "Yes. This was very, very clear. Very clear and very scary. I didn't know who to turn to in that." Meghan said that she felt "haunted" by a photograph from an official event she attended with Harry at the Royal Albert Hall while she was pregnant. "Right before we had to leave for that (event), I had just had that conversation with Harry that morning," Meghan said. Winfrey asked: "That you don't want to be alive any more?" "Yeah," Meghan confirmed. She said that she attended the event with Harry that night because she felt she could not be "left alone" and recalled Harry gripping her hand tightly while in attendance at the Royal Albert Hall. Oprah also asked the duchess why she thought the Royal Family did not make her son Archie a prince - which Meghan said she wanted so that he would get police protection. The Duke and Duchess of Sussex's children do not automatically become princes or princesses because of a rule that has been in place since 1917 - unless the Queen steps in. "In those months when I was pregnant, all around this same time so we have in tandem the conversation of he won't be given security, he's not going to be given a title, and also concerns and conversations about how dark his skin might be when he was born," Meghan said. She said the remarks about skin colour were made to Harry and he relayed them to her. Asked by Oprah whether there were concerns that her child would be "too brown" and that would be a problem, Meghan said: "If that is the assumption you are making, that is a pretty safe one." When pressed, she refused to reveal who the individual was, saying: "I think that would be very damaging to them." Harry also refused to give further details, saying: "That conversation, I am never going to share." "At the time it was awkward, I was a bit shocked," he added. The 36-year-old prince said that none of his relatives spoke out in support of Meghan following the racism he said his wife faced from the media. "No-one from my family ever said anything over those three years. That hurts," Harry said. Meghan and Harry have upended the narrative created by Britain's bestselling newspapers. They have revealed the terrible strains inside the palace. They have drawn a picture of unfeeling individuals lost in an uncaring institution. They have spoken of racism within the Royal Family. This was a devastating interview. But Harry describing his brother and father as "trapped", and Meghan revealing that she repeatedly sought help within the palace only to be rebuffed, is a body blow to the institution. It's not at all clear if and how the palace will respond. Many of the revelations are so personal that getting any reaction seems unlikely. The Queen has made clear repeatedly the affection in which the couple are still held. As for the newspapers that the couple so despise - will they change their tune? It is not in their nature. There were pages of bile in some Sunday newspapers prior to the interview. Meghan and Harry have given up on getting a fair hearing from many of the most popular publications. It seems highly unlikely that they will see anything published that will make them change their minds. During the interview, the Royal Family were also accused of failing to protect the duke and duchess, with Meghan saying the situation "started to really worsen" after the couple married in May 2018. "I came to understand that not only was I not being protected but that they were willing to lie to protect other members of the family. "But they weren't willing to tell the truth to protect me and my husband." She was referencing rumours that she had made the Duchess of Cambridge cry during a disagreement about flower girl dresses - a story that prompted a flurry of tabloid stories. Meghan said the opposite happened. She added that Catherine later apologised, bringing flowers and a note to make amends. Joining his wife and Oprah for the second half of the interview, Harry talked about his relationship with the rest of his family. He said his relationship with his grandmother, the Queen, was "really good" and that the two of them speak often. However, his relationship with his father, the Prince of Wales, has suffered. Harry said that he feels "really let down" by his father. He added that he will always love him, but "there's a lot of hurt that's happened". He described his father and his brother as "trapped within the system" of the Royal Family. "They don't get to leave," he added. Of Prince William, he said they were on "different paths". The interview aired while Harry's grandfather, Prince Philip, was recovering in hospital after a heart procedure - although it was recorded before Prince Philip was admitted. When he went into hospital, Meghan said she phoned the Queen "just to check in". She said the monarch had "always been wonderful to me" and recalled her sharing her blanket while travelling together between visits. Harry also revealed that his family had cut him off financially at the beginning of last year, after the couple announced their intention to step back as senior royals. He said deals with Netflix and Spotify were "never part of the plan" but they needed them to pay for security staff. In new footage not included in the original interview, Prince Harry was asked if the couple left the UK because of racism, and replied: "It was a large part of it." He recalled a conversation he had with someone with media connections who advised him not to take on the British tabloid press. He said he was told he had to understand that the UK was "very bigoted". But Harry recalled that he immediately responded: "The UK is not bigoted, the UK press is bigoted, specifically the tabloids." The prince told Oprah: "But unfortunately if the source of info is inherently corrupt or racist or biased then that filters out to the rest of society." Labour leader Sir Keir Starmer said Meghan's allegations about racism and lack of mental health support should be taken "very seriously". Asked whether Boris Johnson agreed with this, the prime minister's official spokesman said it was "a matter for the palace" and Mr Johnson had not seen the interview. Timeline Information and support: If you or someone you know is feeling emotionally distressed, these organisations offer advice and support. For mental health issues, there are these organisations.

ডাচেস অব সাসেক্স বলেছেন যে, ব্রিটিশ রাজ পরিবারে তার জীবন এতো বেশি কঠিন হয়ে পড়েছিল যে এক সময় "তিনি আর বেঁচে থাকতে চাননি"।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

The Supreme Court upheld its decision to overturn Asia Bibi's conviction and death sentence. She was originally convicted in 2010 after being accused of insulting the Prophet Muhammad in a row with her neighbours, and spent eight years on death row. She has always maintained her innocence in a case that has polarised Pakistan. The Supreme Court's quashing of her sentence last October led to violent protests by religious hardliners who support strong blasphemy laws, while more liberal sections of society urged her release. Hardliners had petitioned to overturn this ruling. "Based on merit, this petition is dismissed," Chief Justice Asif Saeed Khosa said in court on Tuesday. Asia Bibi - also known as Asia Noreen - was unable to leave Pakistan while an appeal request was pending. "She should now be free to reunite with her family and seek safety in a country of her choice," Amnesty International said in a statement. What next? By M Ilyas Khan, Islamabad Asia Bibi is being kept by authorities at a secret location in Islamabad. The ruling clears the way for her to leave Pakistan, though it is not clear when that will happen and where she will go. She has been offered asylum by a number of countries, and some unconfirmed reports say several members of her family may already be abroad. Meanwhile, the court ruling will test the resolve of the far right Tehrik-e-Labbaik Pakistan group, which has conducted a violent anti-blasphemy campaign in the past, though many of its leaders have been under arrest since October when the court first acquitted Asia Bibi. In a concerted move to forestall public unrest, Pakistani electronic media is underplaying the story. Many observers believe the ruling will revive the practice of applying standard legal tests of criminal procedure while adjudicating blasphemy cases, as they had increasingly become hostage to vigilante justice by extremists. What was she accused of? The trial stems from an argument Asia Bibi had with a group of women in June 2009. They were harvesting fruit when a row broke out about a bucket of water. The women said that because she had used a cup, they could no longer touch it, as her faith had made it unclean. Prosecutors alleged that in the row which followed, the women said Asia Bibi should convert to Islam and that she made offensive comments about the Prophet Muhammad in response. She was later beaten up at her home, during which her accusers say she confessed to blasphemy. She was arrested after a police investigation. Acquitting her, the Supreme Court said that the case was based on unreliable evidence and her confession was delivered in front of a crowd "threatening to kill her". Why was her case so divisive? Islam is Pakistan's national religion and underpins its legal system. Public support for the strict blasphemy laws is strong. Hardline politicians have often backed severe punishments, partly as a way of shoring up their support base. But critics say the laws have often been used to exact revenge after personal disputes, and that convictions are based on thin evidence. The vast majority of those convicted are Muslims or members of the Ahmadi community who identify themselves as Muslims but are regarded as heretical by orthodox Islam. Since the 1990s scores of Christians have also been convicted. They make up just 1.6% of the population. The Christian community has been targeted by numerous attacks in recent years, leaving many feeling vulnerable to a climate of intolerance. Since 1990, at least 65 people have reportedly been killed in Pakistan over claims of blasphemy. Asia Bibi, who was born in 1971 and has four children, was the first woman to be sentenced to death under the blasphemy laws.

পাকিস্তানের আসিয়া বিবি নামে যে খ্রীস্টান মহিলাকে ধর্ম অবমাননার অভিযোগে ফাঁসির দন্ড দেয়া হয়েছিল, পাকিস্তানের সুপ্রিম কোর্ট তা বাতিল করে দিয়েছে।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

By Michelle RobertsHealth editor, BBC News online Early laboratory tests suggest antibodies triggered by the vaccine can recognise and fight the new variants. More studies are needed to confirm this is true for people who have been vaccinated. The new variants have been spreading fast in a number of nations. They have undergone changes or mutations that mean they can infect human cells more easily than the original version of coronavirus that started the pandemic. Experts think the UK strain, which emerged in September, may be up to 70% more transmissible. Current vaccines were designed around earlier variants, but scientists believe they should still work against the new ones, although perhaps not quite as well. There are already some early results that suggest the Pfizer vaccine protects against the new UK variant. Booster planned for SA variant For the Moderna study, researchers looked at blood samples taken from eight people who had received the recommended two doses of the Moderna vaccine. The findings are yet to be peer reviewed, but suggest immunity from the vaccine recognises the new variants. Neutralising antibodies, made by the body's immune system, stop the virus from entering cells. Blood samples exposed to the new variants appeared to have sufficient antibodies to achieve this neutralising effect, although it was not as strong for the South Africa variant as for the UK one. Moderna says this could mean that protection against the South Africa variant might disappear more quickly. Prof Lawrence Young, a virus expert at Warwick Medical School in the UK, said this would be concerning. Moderna is currently testing whether giving a third booster shot might be beneficial. Like other scientists, the company is also investigating whether redesigning the booster to be a better match for the new variants will be beneficial. Stephane Bancel, chief executive officer of Moderna, said the company believed it was "imperative to be proactive as the virus evolves". UK regulators have already approved Moderna's vaccine for rollout on the NHS, but the 17m pre-ordered doses are not expected to arrive until Spring. The vaccine works in a similar way to the Pfizer one already being used in the UK. More than 6.3 million people in the UK have already received a first dose of either the Pfizer or the AstraZeneca vaccine.

করোনাভাইরাসের যে নতুন ধরনটি পাওয়া গেছে যুক্তরাজ্য ও দক্ষিণ আফ্রিকায়, তার বিরুদ্ধে মডার্নার কোভিড-১৯ টিকাটি কার্যকরী বলে দেখা গেছে বলে দাবি করেছে মার্কিন ওষুধ নির্মাতা কোম্পানির বিজ্ঞানীরা।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

By Barbara Plett UsherBBC State Dept correspondent, Washington But the opening line in White House talking points cut straight to the top priority: "President Donald J Trump keeps his promise." Mr Trump decided to move the US embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem because he likes to keep campaign promises made to his base. He also likes to make big bold historic moves, especially if that means delivering where his predecessors did not. So far so good on the principles of Trumpian foreign policy. In this case, his base also lobbied hard for the move. That included right-wing American Jews whose message was amplified by the conservative orthodox Jews dominating Mr Trump's inner circle. It also included evangelicals whose voice was amplified by the devout Christian in the White House, Vice-President Mike Pence. "God decided Jerusalem was the capital of Israel more than 3,000 years ago during the time of King David," I was told by Dallas evangelical pastor Robert Jeffress, who cited Biblical history. He and another leading voice in the pro-Israel part of the Christian world delivered prayers at the opening ceremony. So what about the peace process? "The United States remains fully committed to facilitating a lasting peace agreement," Mr Trump also said in his recorded message. He has declared an interest in solving the "toughest deal of all" and, despite the outrage over Jerusalem, the White House is still intent on rolling out a detailed initiative of a settlement it thinks is achievable. Its authors - Mr Trump's son-in-law Jared Kushner and his lawyer Jason Greenblatt - concluded that shaking up the status quo could help their efforts by giving the Palestinians a dose of reality, says former Mid-East negotiator Aaron David Miller. They also thought the Palestinians would eventually rally and resume contact after their initial shock and anger, according to the New York Times. So far they have not. And the Palestinian deaths in Gaza make that prospect even less likely. The administration argues it is simply recognising the obvious in accepting Jerusalem as Israel's capital and that the city's final boundaries can still be determined in negotiations. But confusingly, Mr Trump has also said he has taken the issue "off the table". And he has failed to say anything about Palestinian claims to East Jerusalem. So whatever the intent, he appears to have sided with Israel on one of the most volatile issues in the peace process and prejudiced the final outcome of any talks. Does this mean an explosion? The Trump administration has also sided with Israel in its response to the deadly violence on the Gaza border. The White House accused Gaza's Hamas leaders of "intentionally and cynically" provoking Israel in an attempt at "gruesome propaganda" but, unlike European countries, it did not call on the army to exercise restraint. Hamas has been directing the weeks-long protest campaign by Palestinians frustrated with Israel's economic blockade of Gaza. Analysts said it was a chance for the militant Islamist movement to shift the blame for its own poor performance in government. The question now is whether the hundreds of casualties will trigger an uprising, or intifada, that spreads to the West Bank. The Jerusalem decision itself did not do so and there are many reasons why the Gaza violence may not. That includes divisions in the Palestinian leadership and the high cost for Palestinians of a return to sustained conflict. But it is a volatile situation fuelled by a sense of Palestinian hopelessness that could lead to further escalation. Crossing a red line? What seems more likely to me at the moment is a slower unravelling of the peace process framework which for the past 25 years has led to neither peace nor all-out war. Despite spasms of conflict, it has maintained certain fundamentals. The Israelis have not annexed the West Bank. The Palestinian Authority continues security co-operation, in effect helping Israel police its own people. The framework is held up by an American mediator that is seen by many as somewhat credible, if not neutral. Every previous US administration has been pro-Israel but made some effort to understand and respond to the Palestinian narrative, says Mr Miller. This one is so "deeply ensconced" in the Israeli narrative it has crossed a red line, he says. If so, it will be difficult for it to keep propping up the framework, with unpredictable results. It is true that key Arab countries seem more willing to sanction a settlement less favourable to the Palestinians than before because they want Israel as an ally against Iran. But Mr Trump's decision on Jerusalem, and Israel's heavy-handed approach in Gaza, reduces their room for manoeuvre.

'শান্তি প্রতিষ্ঠা করাই আমাদের সর্বোচ্চ আশা।' ডোনাল্ড ট্রাম্প জেরুসালেমের এক অনুষ্ঠানে রেকর্ড করা এক বার্তায় একথা বলেছেন। কিন্তু তিনি কি সেই পথে হাঁটছেন, এমন প্রশ্ন তুলছেন অনেকে।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

Nearly half of the victims were between 30 and 69 years old, and a quarter of them were children, the study says. Russell's vipers, kraits and cobras were responsible for most deaths. The remaining deaths were caused by at least 12 other species of snakes. So many of the attacks proved fatal because they happened in areas without swift access to medical care. Half of the deaths occurred in the monsoon season between June and September, when snakes are known to come out. And most victims were bitten in the legs. The study, published in the open access journal eLife, was conducted by leading Indian and international experts. It's based on data collected from India's ambitious Million Death Study. Russell's viper, a generally aggressive snake, is widespread across India and South Asia. It feeds on rodents and so is often found near human settlements, both in urban and rural areas. The Indian krait is normally docile during the day, but becomes belligerent at night. It can grow up to 1.75m (5ft 9in) in length. The Indian cobra typically attacks after dark and causes internal bleeding, which requires immediate medical attention. The study also found that between 2001 and 2014, some 70% of the snake bite deaths occurred in eight states - Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh (including Telangana, a new state) Rajasthan and Gujarat. The average risk of an Indian dying from snake bite before reaching 70 years is approximately 1 in 250, but in some areas the risk approaches 1 in 100, the study says. The researchers say farming communities living in villages carried the highest risk to snake bites during the monsoon season. They said these areas should be targeted "with education about simple methods" - 'snake-safe' harvesting practices, wearing rubber boots and gloves and using torches - to reduce risk. Snake bites are now a "global health priority" according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The WHO says complications linked to attacks make the phenomenon one of the most neglected tropical diseases. Between 81,000 and 138,000 people are killed by snake bites each year globally, it says. About three times that number survive and are left with permanent disabilities.

ভারতে গত বিশ বছরে ১২ লাখ মানুষ সাপের কামড়ে মারা গেছে বলে নতুন এক গবেষণার ফলাফলে জানা গেছে।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

By Jane WakefieldTechnology reporter Then came a plan to build China's first special economic zone to allow foreign investments, and out of the quiet rural landscape grew private businesses and factories which over time transformed into a city. Now Shenzhen, with a population of 12 million, is just one part of a huge urbanised area running down the Pearl River Delta. China's smart cities ambitions are among the grandest in the world. But there are questions about whether their surveillance technologies will improve the quality of inhabitants' lives or just be used to keep a closer eye on them. Clean city By 2050, about 292 million more Chinese people will live in cities. Already more than 58% of the population are urban dwellers, compared to just 18% in 1980. According to the authorities, there are 662 Chinese cities, including more than 160 with a million people or more. At the Smart Cities Expo in Barcelona recently, Shenzhen had one of biggest exhibits. Jiang Wei Dong, the general manager of the local delegation told the BBC what technologies are powering the city. They are, he said, "seriously focused on pollution". "Compared to other cities, Shenzhen is clean," he added. The city is the first in China to ensure that all buses and taxis on its roads are electric, he explained. Alongside smarter transportation, there is a new smart healthcare system, which makes sure that when anyone comes to the city from a faraway province their health records are immediately accessible. But when asked about security systems, his response was less enthusiastic. "We are only familiar with traffic. For the citizens of Shenzhen there is no monitoring," he said. But at a separate event in the city itself, the public are being challenged to consider the speed at which surveillance tech is being rolled out. Shenzhen's Futian station is hosting Eyes of the City - an exhibition which poses the question: "What happens to people and the urban landscape when the sensor-imbued city is able to gaze back?" Among the works on show are a facial recognition system that visitors can opt out of by wearing a special mask, and displays that look back at ticket holders, analysing their emotional responses. "One of the main objectives of the Eyes of the City exhibition is to encourage visitors to take a stance, shunning the dangerous option of neutrality," said the curator Carlo Ratti. Data collection China is creating new cities at an astonishing rate, redefining the urban landscape with plans to create 19 gigantic urban clusters and the world's first super-city with more than 40 million inhabitants. Urban development on this scale will demand efficiency. Traffic will have to be controlled to avoid weeklong jams, and transport will have to be green to avoid killing everyone with CO2 emissions. But there will also be a need for citizens themselves to be more efficient. Littering, playing music too loud on a train, running across the road when the lights are red - these will stop being minor indiscretions and become major inconveniences in cities so large. In 2014, the idea of a social credit system was unveiled. The somewhat Orwellian plan is to reward citizens for good behaviour and punish them for bad. In March this year, millions of discredited travellers were banned from buying train or plane tickets for a range of offences, such as using expired tickets or smoking on a train. "In China, the whole social scoring experiment is fascinating but I'm glad that I don't have to live through it," said smart cities consultant Charles Reed Anderson. Currently there is no unified social credit system. Instead local governments enforce the idea in different ways, which can sometimes have a knock-on effect on foreign visitors. Mr Anderson told an anecdote about a friend who had recently visited a Chinese city. "He got to his hotel and realised he had left [his phone in a taxi], so the hotel walked him to the police station," he explained. "The police pulled up the data about the vehicle but didn't have the traffic cam so they took him to another department a few blocks away, and they were able to track the taxi in real time and called the driver to ask him to bring back the phone. "Within two hours he had his phone back." "The taxi driver may have been worried that if he didn't return it, he was going to get a negative score." There has been huge criticism of the system but, says Mr Anderson, it probably feels far less creepy to Chinese citizens, who have grown up used to have their activities monitored by the state. "I'm not 100 percent behind it - it can deliver some good things. But if it starts getting abused then it becomes a major problem," he said. Human Rights Watch revealed earlier this year that one social credit system being used in the Xinjiang region, home to a largely Muslim population, was linked to an app used by Chinese police and other government officials. City brain More and more data and information is falling into the hands of the government via sensors and other technology in cities. But what happens when cities do deals with private tech giants such as Alibaba and Tencent, who themselves have vast databases of information on citizens? Alibaba is headquartered in the eastern city of Hangzhou and has spent two years developing a platform dubbed the City Brain, which analyses data from cameras and the GPS location of cars and buses, and uses it to control more than one thousand traffic lights to prevent gridlock. It claims it has helped drop the city of seven million people from the fifth most congested in China to 57th on the list. Now cities are handing over chunks of land to tech firms. The Shenzhen government has just awarded Tencent a small 809 sq m (8,708 sq ft) plot of reclaimed land in order to build what it describes as "a future city focused on technology and innovation". And increasingly, Western cities are also doing deals with Chinese firms. Councillors in Darwin, Australia travelled to China to meet Huawei and see its technology in Shenzhen. The firm then implemented a $10m programme to roll out 900 smart LED lights, 24 environmental sensors and a network of 138 CCTV cameras. Rejecting claims the city was going to implement a similar social credit scheme of its own, Lord Mayor Kon Vatskalis told ABC News that "there's no facial recognition... and our cameras can't tell who you are or what you do". You can learn about this and other smart cities on the BBC World Service's Business Daily.

ত্রিশ বছর আগে শেনজেন ছিলো জেলেদের গ্রাম, ধানক্ষেত দিয়ে চারপাশ ঘেরা। তারপর যখন চীনের প্রথম বিশেষ অর্থনৈতিক অঞ্চল হিসেবে একে গড়ে তোলা হয়, একে একে গ্রামীণ মেঠোপথ থেকে ব্যস্ত ব্যবসায়িক শহরে রূপান্তরিত হয় শেনজেন।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

Top Democrat Nancy Pelosi said the president "must be held accountable". Mr Trump has denied wrongdoing and called the efforts a "witch hunt". There is strong support from House Democrats for impeachment, but the proceedings would be unlikely to pass the Republican-controlled Senate. The high-stakes move by House Speaker Ms Pelosi, prompted by allegations that Mr Trump pressured the Ukrainian president to investigate his leading political rival Joe Biden, lays the groundwork for a potentially hugely consequential confrontation between Democrats and the president ahead of the 2020 election. If the inquiry moves forward, the Democratic-controlled House of Representatives will vote on any charges. If Democrats were to remain united, the measure would be carried - and Mr Trump would become the third president in US history to be impeached. But the proceedings would be expected to stall in the Senate, where the president's Republican party holds enough seats to prevent him from being removed from office by a two-thirds majority. Ms Pelosi did not provide any timeline for how the process might play out. How did we get here? Senior Democrats including Ms Pelosi had previously resisted growing calls from within the party to begin impeachment proceedings. But the party's leadership united on the issue after an intelligence whistleblower lodged a formal complaint about one or more phone calls between President Trump and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky. The Trump administration has so far refused to release the whistleblower complaint to Congress but Democrats say Mr Trump threatened to withhold military aid to Ukraine unless Mr Zelensky agreed to investigate unsubstantiated corruption allegations against Mr Trump's leading political rival Joe Biden and his son Hunter. Mr Trump has admitted discussing Joe Biden with Mr Zelensky. He has denied that he exerted pressure on the Ukrainian president to investigate his political rival. On Tuesday, Mr Trump confirmed that military aid to Ukraine had been withheld but said he had done this to try and pressure European nations to increase their contributions to the country. Two presidents have been impeached in US history - Andrew Johnson in 1868, and Bill Clinton in 1998. But neither were removed from office by a Senate trial. Richard Nixon resigned in August 1974 before he could be impeached. The dam has broken For months now, Democratic leaders have been playing a semantics game. They wanted those who supported and those who opposed a formal impeachment inquiry into President Trump to both think they were getting what they wanted. This strategy suggested Nancy Pelosi and others feared that heading down the path to impeachment would put moderate Democrats facing tough 2020 re-election fights at risk. That calculation has changed after the rapid drumbeat of new revelations about Mr Trump's contacts with the Ukrainian president. Now even middle-of-the road politicians are coming out in favour of impeachment proceedings. The dam has broken. The genie is out of the bottle. Pick your metaphor. The simple fact is that Ms Pelosi - a keen judge of the political mood within her caucus - has made the decision to shift from resisting impeachment to advocating for it. The path forward is uncertain. Opinion surveys could show the latest drama is taking a toll on one party or the other, causing political will to crumble. Or, both sides could dig in for a long, gruelling battle that could drag into the darkest days of winter. More from Anthony on why Ms Pelosi has made her move What did Nancy Pelosi say? In a statement on Tuesday she said Mr Trump had betrayed his oath of office and committed "a violation of the law". She called his actions "a breach of his constitutional responsibilities". "This week the president has admitted to asking the president of Ukraine to take action that would benefit him politically," she said, adding: "The president must be held accountable. No-one is above the law." Mr Biden has denied wrongdoing and no evidence has emerged to back up the claims against him. He has also said he supports impeachment proceedings unless the US president complies with investigations. Impeaching Mr Trump "would be a tragedy", Mr Biden said. "But a tragedy of his making." He is the current frontrunner to take on Mr Trump in the 2020 election. How did Mr Trump and Republicans respond? In a series of tweets Mr Trump said Democrats "purposely had to ruin and demean" his trip to the UN in New York "with more breaking news Witch Hunt garbage". "They never even saw the transcript of the call. A total Witch Hunt!" he added. He promised to release a transcript of his conversation with Ukraine's president on Wednesday to show it was "totally appropriate". In his response to the Democrats' move, House Republican Leader Kevin McCarthy said: "Speaker Pelosi happens to be the Speaker of this House, but she does not speak for America when it comes to this issue." "She cannot unilaterally decide we're in an impeachment inquiry," he added. Meanwhile, the acting director of US national intelligence, Joseph Maguire, has refused to share the whistleblower report with Congress. He is due to testify before a public House intelligence committee hearing on Thursday. In a separate development, the unnamed whistleblower is seeking to meet directly with lawmakers. House Intelligence Committee Chairman Adam Schiff suggested in a tweet that this could happen later this week. What happens next? Ms Pelosi's announcement gives an official go-ahead for lawmakers to investigate the US president's phone call with the Ukrainian leader and determine whether he committed an impeachable offence. In her announcement Ms Pelosi said the six congressional committees already investigating Mr Trump would continue their work, but now under the umbrella of a formal impeachment inquiry. If the process moves forward the House of Representatives will vote on one or more articles of impeachment. If any pass, the process would next move to the Senate, where a two-thirds majority is required - and where the Republicans hold sway. Ukrainians ponder their president's role By Vitaliy Shevchenko, BBC Monitoring Commentators in Ukraine see President Volodymyr Zelensky's role in this affair as accidental, but at the same time believe it could lead to history-making consequences. Den, a daily newspaper, warns President Zelensky against taking sides in the drama unfolding in Washington. "Ukraine is facing an unstoppable tsunami, and our president will just have to do some surfing," it says. Some argue that the timing could not be worse for President Zelensky, who is scheduled to meet Donald Trump in New York later on Wednesday. Public TV station Pershy describes the controversy as a "trap" for Ukraine. "It would be stupid to start playing into the hands of either Democrats or Republicans," said one of the channel's commentators. Others contend that the Ukrainian president has US politicians over the barrel. "Zelensky has two pistols in his hands: one pointing at Trump, and the other at Biden," reports Pryamy TV.

রাজনৈতিক প্রতিপক্ষকে ক্ষতিগ্রস্ত করার জন্য বিদেশি শক্তির সাহায্য নেয়ার অভিযোগে মার্কিন ডেমোক্র্যাটরা প্রেসিডেন্ট ট্রাম্পকে অভিশংসনের জন্য আনুষ্ঠানিকভাবে তদন্ত শুরু করেছে।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

A $1.6m gold and diamond necklace, 14 tiaras and 272 Hermes bags were taken as part of corruption investigations into state investment fund 1MDB. Billions of dollars are unaccounted for from the fund, set up by Mr Najib. He has been under investigation since his shock election loss in May. Police describe the seizure of valuables as the biggest in Malaysian history. Jewellery accounted for the biggest portion, with 12,000 items gathered - the most expensive being the $1.6m necklace. A total of 567 handbags containing almost $30m in cash were also seized, along with 423 watches and 234 pairs of sunglasses, police say. "We couldn't do the counting at the premises because the numbers were too huge," Amar Singh, head of the police commercial crime division, told a news conference. He added that it had taken officials five weeks to count the items and calculate their value. Over the years Ms Rosmah has come to be known for her indulgent shopping habits and love of branded goods. She has been compared to former Philippines first lady Imelda Marcos, who was also known for her love of shoes and other luxury goods. Corruption claims were a major cause of Mr Najib's election loss to his former ally Mahathir Mohammad. Mr Najib was alleged to have pocketed $700m from the fund, a charge he has denied. Since he lost the election, Mr Najib and his wife have been questioned by anti-graft investigators and he has been banned from leaving the country.

মালয়েশিয়ার সাবেক প্রধানমন্ত্রী নাজিব রাযাক এবং তার স্ত্রী রোজমা মানসোরের সাথে সংশ্লিষ্ট বিভিন্ন বাড়ি থেকে পাওয়া প্রায় ২৭ কোটি ৩০ লাখ ডলার দামের অলংকার, নগদ টাকা এবং হাতব্যাগ বাজেয়াপ্ত করেছে সেদেশের পুলিশ ।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

Christopher Miller, the current head of the National Counterterrorism Center, will take on the role immediately. It follows a public falling-out between Mr Trump and Mr Esper in recent weeks. Mr Trump has so far not conceded the US election to President-elect Joe Biden, and has vowed to challenge the projected result in court. In the weeks before Mr Biden takes office on 20 January, Mr Trump is still empowered to make decisions. Mr Miller was seen entering the Department of Defense headquarters at the Pentagon on Monday shortly after Mr Trump announced the dismissal. The former Special Forces soldier served on President Trump's National Security Council before becoming head of the Counterterrorism Centre in August. In a resignation letter, Mr Esper thanked members of the Armed Forces and said he was proud of his achievements in 18 months of service at the Pentagon. "I serve my country in deference to the Constitution, so I accept your decision to replace me," he wrote. Top Democrat Nancy Pelosi criticised the decision. "The abrupt firing of Secretary Esper is disturbing evidence that President Trump is intent on using his final days in office to sow chaos in our American Democracy and around the world," said the speaker of the House of Representatives. Why did Trump fall out with his defence secretary? Mr Esper clashed with the president over the White House's attitude to the military during protests over racial injustice earlier this year. As protests rocked the US following the death of black man George Floyd at the hands of police in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in May, Mr Trump threatened to use troops to suppress unrest. In June, Mr Esper, a former army officer, said the use of active-duty forces was unnecessary, in remarks that were known to have displeased the White House. Following the clash, it was widely-speculated that the president would fire the defence secretary, although on Monday Mr Trump gave no reason for his dismissal. Mr Esper has also disagreed with Mr Trump over the president's dismissive attitude towards Nato. In an interview with Military Times last week, Mr Esper said that despite the difficult relationship with the White House, he didn't believe quitting was the right thing to do. "The president's going to — he's very transparent in terms of what he wants. And he's been very clear about his views … I'm not trying to make anybody happy," he told the website. "What I'm trying to do is, fulfil what he wants — I mean, he's the duly elected commander in chief — and make the best out of it." He also rejected allegations that he was a "yes man" to his boss. The newspaper notes that his critics in the administration, and Trump himself, have called Mr Esper "Yesper" due to his reputation for being obedient to Trump. "My frustration is I sit here and say, 'Hmm, 18 Cabinet members. Who's pushed back more than anybody?' Name another Cabinet secretary that's pushed back," he said. "Have you seen me on a stage saying, 'Under the exceptional leadership of blah-blah-blah, we have blah-blah-blah-blah?'"' President Trump has fired a significant number of his officials and advisers during his tenure, often using Twitter to announce the dismissal. Mr Esper's predecessor was James Mattis, who resigned in 2018 over differences with the president including about the war in Syria. In June, as racial injustice protests were ongoing, Mr Mattis criticised Donald Trump as the "first president in my lifetime who does not try to unite the American people - does not even pretend to try. Instead he tries to divide us."

টুইট করে প্রতিরক্ষামন্ত্রী মার্ক এসপারকে বরখাস্তের সিদ্ধান্তের কথা জানালেন মার্কিন প্রেসিডেন্ট ডোনাল্ড ট্রাম্প।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

By Maddy SavageStockholm After a long winter, it's just become warm enough to sit outside in the Swedish capital and people are making the most of it. Families are tucking into ice creams beneath a giant statue of the Viking God Thor in Mariatorget square. Young people are enjoying happy-hour bubbles from pavement seating further down the street. Elsewhere in the city, nightclubs have been open this week, but gatherings for more than 50 people will be banned from Sunday. Compare that to neighbouring Denmark, which has restricted meetings to 10 people, or the UK where you're no longer supposed to meet anyone outside your household. 'Each person has a heavy responsibility' On the roads in Sweden, things are noticeably quieter than usual. Stockholm's public transport company SL says it saw passenger numbers fall by 50% on subway and commuter trains last week. Polls also suggest almost half of Stockholmers are remote working. Stockholm Business Region, a state-funded company that supports the city's global business community, estimates that rises to at least 90% in the capital's largest firms, thanks to a tech-savvy workforce and a business culture that has long promoted flexible and remote working practices. "Every company that has the possibility to do this, they are doing it, and it works," says its CEO Staffan Ingvarsson. His words cut to the heart of the government's strategy here: self-responsibility. Public health authorities and politicians are still hoping to slow down the spread of the virus without the need for draconian measures. There are more guidelines than strict rules, with a focus on staying home if you're sick or elderly, washing your hands, and avoiding any non-essential travel, as well as working from home. Sweden has so far reported nearly 3,500 cases of the virus and 105 deaths. "We who are adults need to be exactly that: adults. Not spread panic or rumours," Prime Minister Stefan Löfven said in a televised address to the nation last weekend. "No one is alone in this crisis, but each person has a heavy responsibility." High level of trust A majority of Swedes watched and approved of his speech, according to a nationwide survey for Novus, a major polling company. Meanwhile, there is a high level of trust in public authorities in Sweden, which many believe is driving locals to adhere to voluntary guidelines. Demography may also be a relevant factor in the country's approach. In contrast to the multi-generational homes in Mediterranean countries, more than half of Swedish households are made up of one person, which cuts the risk of the virus spreading within families. Meanwhile, Swedes love the outdoors and officials have said that keeping people physically and mentally healthy is another reason they're keen to avoid rules that would keep people cooped up at home. "We have to combine looking at minimising the health effects of the virus outbreak and the economic impacts of this health crisis," says Andreas Hatzigeorgiou, CEO at the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce. "The business community here really thinks that the Swedish government and the Swedish approach is more sensible than in many other countries." 'History will be the judge' But as Swedes watch the rest of Europe grind to a halt, others are starting to question their country's unique approach. "I think people are prone to listen to the recommendations, but in this kind of critical situation, I am not sure that it's enough," says Dr Emma Frans, an epidemiologist based at Swedish medical university The Karolinska Institute. She's calling for "clearer instructions" for people on how they should interact in public places such as shops and gyms. And while business is ticking over for some, others are struggling. Around the corner from Mariatorget's busy bars, popular hipster barber shop Honest Al's has seen customer numbers plummet, despite efforts to improve safety by staggering staffing and appointments. "My wife is also having her own company, so we pretty much depend on ourselves. Business is bad. I still have bills to pay. We're gonna have to call the banks," says owner Al Mocika. He's putting his money on Sweden switching tactics and imposing a lockdown, something officials haven't ruled out doing in the future. Dr Emma Frans says history will be the judge of which politicians and scientists around Europe have made the best calls so far. "Nobody really knows what measurements will be the most effective," she says. "I'm quite glad that I'm not the one making these decisions".

ইউরোপে বহু দেশে যখন করোনাভাইরাসের কারণে লকডাউন অবস্থা চলছে তখন একটি দেশ অন্য সবাইকে অনুসরণ না করে এমন এক পন্থা নিয়েছে যা স্বাভাবিক জীবনের অনেক কাছাকাছি।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

How old fashioned, the internet cried. Only, now it seems he is not alone. A surprise poll for the New York Times has discovered more than half of women agree with him - as well as 45% of men. And as for a drink? Forget about it. Just 29% of women think that would be appropriate in a one-on-one situation. However, the poll - conducted by Morning Consult, surveying almost 5,300 people - found the numbers shift considerably according to your politics: the more liberal your views, the more likely you were to mix with a member of the opposite sex, one on one. Just 62% of Republicans found it acceptable, compared to 71% of Democrats. Similar divides can also be seen according to religion - the more devout you are, the less appropriate you view it - and to education: 24% of male respondents of who did not reach college think it is inappropriate to have a one-on-one working meeting with a woman, compared with 18% who got a bachelor's degree or higher. So - do BBC readers agree? Michael, US: Simply ask yourself: would you want your partner to go out for dinner alone with someone else? Most likely the answer is no. Hence, then why should you? It's simply being wise and not naive. Sandra, US: Not entirely sure why people don't understand that you can have a platonic, working or otherwise relationship with a member of the opposite sex without sexual overtones. To my way of thinking it demeans woman in terms of woman thinking men are only interested in their bodies... If you can't trust your partner or yourself out of sight the problem is you. Stephen, Australia: I totally agree with Mike Pence. He's protecting his marriage and his reputation. It is not sexist, it is wise. In an era where people look to the Kardashians for their moral standards Mike Pence's policy, in this area at least, is commendable. Emily, US: These archaic views are just another example of why we shouldn't have been surprised at a Trump/Pence victory last November. Mario, South Africa: Men who are not sure about their self-control should indeed dine and drink alone. Perhaps dinner and a drink with their mothers should be permitted, but I am not so sure about sisters and daughters after reading some comments uttered by Donald Trump. Vince, UK: Really? How very Victorian of them. Are they scared they might end up doing something they shouldn't. I can't believe in the 21st century some people think this is an issue. Sarah, US: I'm a 52-year-old, white, college educated, atheist, left-wing, married woman ... and there's no way I would have a one-on-one meal/drink with a man who was not my husband. Not even a Starbucks. M.H., Canada: I would definitely lunch or have dinner alone with a man whom I knew and trusted and with whom I had a lot in common. I am also a year away from being 90 and find it hard to believe that there is anything wrong with this.

যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের ভাইস প্রেসিডেন্ট মাইক পেন্স যখন বলেছিলেন তিনি তাঁর স্ত্রী ছাড়া অন্য কোনো একলা নারীর সঙ্গে খেতে বসবেন না কখনো, তখন অনেকে চোখ কপালে তুলেছিলেন। অনেক আলোচনাও চলেছে এ নিয়ে।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

The magnitude-6.8 quake centred on the town of Sivrice in Elazig province caused buildings to collapse and sent residents rushing into the street. Forty-five people have been rescued so far, with more than 20 feared to remain trapped, officials say. Earthquakes are common in Turkey - about 17,000 people died in a quake in the western city of Izmit in 1999. Friday's quake struck at about 20:55 local time (17:55 GMT). Tremors were also felt in neighbouring Syria, Lebanon and Iran. More than 400 aftershocks were recorded, Turkey's Disaster and Emergency Management Authority (Afad) said. Rescue teams worked through the night, using their hands, drills and diggers to try to find people in the rubble of fallen buildings. They also brought beds and tents for those displaced, and warned residents against returning to damaged buildings because of the danger of aftershocks. Afad said that most of the casualties were in Elazig province, and deaths were also reported in the neighbouring province of Malatya. Some 1,607 people were injured by the earthquake, according to the latest count. Reports said an elderly woman was pulled alive from the rubble about 19 hours after the earthquake. Another woman left buried was saved after calling her relatives from her mobile phone and telling them where she was trapped. But a 12-year-old boy rescued from the wreckage later died in hospital. "It was very scary - furniture fell on top of us. We rushed outside," AFP news agency quoted 47-year-old Melahat Can, who lives in the city of Elazig, as saying. "Our houses collapsed...we cannot go inside them," a 32-year-old man from Sivrice told Reuters. The region struck by the quake, some 550km (340 miles) east of the capital Ankara, is remote and sparsely populated, so details of damage and fatalities could be slow to emerge. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan cancelled plans in Istanbul on Saturday to instead visit the affected area and attend the funeral of two of the victims. "We are doing everything we can as the state and nation, and we will continue to do so. Our efforts at all rescue sites will continue," he said. In its advisory on Saturday morning, the emergency authority said the overnight temperature had fallen to -8C (17.6F), with similar cold expected the following night. The Turkish Red Crescent has also dispatched hundreds of personnel with emergency supplies, it said. Sivrice, a town of about 4,000 people, is a popular tourist spot on the shore of Hazar lake, the source of the river Tigris. Are you in the area? Share your experiences by emailing [email protected]. Please include a contact number if you are willing to speak to a BBC journalist. You can also contact us in the following ways:

তুরস্কের পূর্বাঞ্চলে শক্তিশালী একটি ভূমিকম্পে নিহতের সংখ্যা বেড়ে ২১ জনে দাঁড়িয়েছে। আহত হয়েছে আরো এক হাজার মানুষ। দেশটির কর্তৃপক্ষ এ খবর জানিয়েছে।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

The three died of exhaustion while descending on Thursday. It comes amid traffic jams near the summit as record numbers make the ascent, despite calls to limit the number of climbing permits. Nepal has issued 381 permits at $11,000 (£8,600) each for the spring climbing season at the world's highest peak. Two Indian climbers - Kalpana Das, 52, and Nihal Bagwan, 27 - died while scaling back down the mountain on Thursday. Local tour organiser Keshav Paudel told AFP news agency that Bagwan had been "stuck in the traffic for more than 12 hours and was exhausted". A 65-year-old Austrian climber died on the northern Tibet side of the mountain. An Indian and an American lost their lives on the mountain on Wednesday, while an Irish professor, Séamus Lawless, is presumed dead after falling on 16 May. Conditions this year have also been worse than usual, with high winds leaving a large number of climbers a narrow time frame to reach the summit. Five people are known to have died on Everest and one in Lhotse in the spring season last year. The number of people climbing Everest in 2019 could exceed last year's record of 807 people reaching the summit. The rising numbers of people climbing - and dying - on Everest has led for calls for permits to be limited. Ben Fogle, the adventurer and television presenter who climbed the mountain last year, called for "London Marathon style lottery for climbing permits" in a Twitter post. What this striking Everest photo tells us Mountaineer Nirmal Purja's photo of queues at Mount Everest has attracted attention around the world this week. The photo shows the last ridge Mount Everest's summit, from the southern, Nepali side. Climbers can also reach the summit via the northern, Tibetan side, but the southern route is much busier. Sources: Wild Yak Expeditions; Seven Summits Treks Read more: Why Everest's summit gets so crowded

গত এক সপ্তাহে হিমালয়ের চূড়ায় সাতজন পর্বতারোহী মারা গেছেন। সেখানে গত এক বছরে এর চেয়ে কম মানুষ মারা গেছেন।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

By Jonathan HeadSouth East Asia correspondent On a government tour, the BBC saw four locations where secure facilities have been built on what satellite images show were once Rohingya settlements. Officials denied building on top of the villages in Rakhine state. In 2017 more than 700,000 Rohingya fled Myanmar during a military operation. The UN has described it as "textbook ethnic cleansing". Myanmar (also called Burma) has denied large-scale killings by its forces. Myanmar, a majority Buddhist country, continues to deny its troops carried out ethnic cleansing and genocide. It now says it is ready to take some refugees back. But last month, a second attempt to start repatriating Rohingya refugees failed, after none of the 3,450 people approved by Myanmar to return agreed to do so. They cited the lack of accountability for atrocities committed in 2017, and uncertainty over whether they would get freedom of movement or citizenship. Myanmar blamed Bangladesh, and said it was prepared to receive large numbers of returnees. To demonstrate this they invited journalists, including the BBC, to see their facilities. Access to Rakhine is normally tightly restricted. We travelled in a government convoy, and were not allowed to film or interview people without police supervision. But we were able to see clear evidence of the deliberate eradication of Rohingya communities. The Australian Strategic Policy Institute, which has been analysing satellite images, estimates that at least 40% of Rohingya villages damaged by the 2017 violence have since been completely demolished. What did the BBC find in Myanmar? The government took us to Hla Poe Kaung transit camp, which it says can house 25,000 returnees, who would stay for two months before moving to permanent housing. The camp, which was completed nearly a year ago, is in poor condition; the communal toilets have fallen apart. It was built on the site of two Rohingya villages, Haw Ri Tu Lar and Thar Zay Kone, demolished after the 2017 violence. When I asked the camp administrator Soe Shwe Aung why they had destroyed the villages, he denied any had been demolished. But when I pointed out that satellite images showed otherwise, he said he had only recently taken the job and was not able to answer. We were then taken to Kyein Chaung, a relocation camp, where houses have been built with Japanese and Indian government funding as long-term accommodation for returning refugees. But a Rohingya village called Myar Zin was bulldozed to clear land for this camp, which lies close to a massive new barracks for the Border Guard Police - a unit of the security forces accused by Rohingyas of serious abuses in 2017. Speaking off-camera, officials there confirmed the demolition of Myar Zin. Just outside the main town, Maungdaw, was Myo Thu Gyi, which once had a population of more than 8,000 Rohingyas. In September 2017, I filmed Myo Thu Gyi while driving past it in another government convoy. Many of the houses had been burned, but larger buildings were still intact, and the trees that usually surround Rakhine villages were still there. But now, passing where Myo Thu Gyi used to be, there is a large government and police complex. The trees have gone. We were also taken to Inn Din, a village notorious for a massacre of 10 captured Muslim men in September 2017, and one of the few atrocities the Myanmar military has admitted to. About three quarters of the population of Inn Din was Muslim, the rest Rakhine Buddhist. Today, no trace of the Muslim quarter remains. The Rakhine quarter is quiet and peaceful. But when you reach where the Rohingya houses used to be, the trees have gone, replaced by barbed-wire fences enclosing an extensive new Border Guard Police barracks. The Rakhine Buddhist residents told us they would never accept Muslims living next to them again. What does this mean for the refugees? The extensive and continuing destruction of Rohingya communities long after the violent military campaign of 2017 had ended means few of the refugees would be able to go back to their old lives and communities. The only visible preparations for a large-scale refugee return are dilapidated transit camps like Hla Poe Kaung, and relocation camps like Kyein Chaung. Few refugees are likely to overcome the trauma they suffered two years ago for that kind of a future. It raises questions over the sincerity of Myanmar's public commitment to take them back. I was able to meet a young displaced Rohingya on my way back to Yangon. We had to be discreet; foreigners are not allowed to meet Rohingyas without permission. He has been trapped with his family in an IDP camp for seven years, after being driven out of his home in Sittwe, one of 130,000 Rohingyas displaced in a previous outbreak of violence in 2012. He is unable to attend university, or to travel outside the camp without permission. His advice for the refugees in Bangladesh was not to risk coming back, and finding themselves similarly confined to guarded camps. What does the government say? We approached the Myanmar government's spokesman for a response to our findings in Rakhine, but have not received a reply. Officially, the government is committed to a phased return of the refugees, in collaboration with Bangladesh. But ministers still refer to the Rohingyas as Bengalis, who they say arrived in waves of illegal immigration over the past 70 years. There is little evidence of such immigration. This reflects a widespread belief in Myanmar that they do not belong. The government has refused Rohingya requests for citizenship and guaranteed freedom of movement. It is willing to give them what are called National Verification Cards, which it says could be a step towards eventual citizenship. But most Rohingyas reject these cards because they would be required to identify themselves as Bengalis. At the height of the military campaign against the Rohingyas in early September 2017, the commander of the Myanmar armed forces General Min Aung Hlaing said they were taking care of what he called "unfinished business" left from 1942. He was referring to the fighting then between Japanese and British forces in Rakhine, in which Rohingyas and Rakhine Buddhists backed opposing sides, often killed each other, and caused large-scale movements of displaced civilians. The commander said Muslims had flooded into northern Rakhine state over what is today the border with Bangladesh. The two districts of Maungdaw and Buthidaung on the border, where the great majority of villages destroyed since 2017 were located, was the only region of Myanmar with a Muslim majority. Since the Rohingya exodus the remaining Muslims, perhaps only 10% of the original population, may now be in a minority. The government's refusal to allow a credible investigation, to offer freedom of movement or a clear path to citizenship, will deter most refugees from returning. That would leave the balance between Muslims and non-Muslims as it is; perhaps the "unfinished business" is now finished.

মিয়ানমারে রোহিঙ্গা মুসলিমদের পুরো গ্রাম গুঁড়িয়ে দিয়ে তৈরি করা হয়েছে পুলিশের ব্যারাক, সরকারি ভবন এবং শরণার্থী পুনর্বাসন শিবির। বিবিসির অনুসন্ধানে উঠে এসেছে এসব তথ্য।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

It could happen as early as May which leaves little time to get things organised, from venues to core negotiations. So it's perhaps not surprising that there are many questions about what happens next. How historic is this? The talks would be unprecedented, marking the first face-to-face meeting between sitting leaders of North Korea and the US. Former US presidents have met North Korean leaders before, but they were all out of office at that point. "The [significance of this] could almost be compared to President Nixon meeting China's Chairman Mao, to a lesser degree," analyst Michael Madden of the US-Korea Institute at Johns Hopkins SAIS told the BBC. What do we know about the actual meeting? Not much. The White House has confirmed that Trump will meet Kim "by May", but an exact time and location is yet to be determined. According to Mr Madden, there's a "speculative chance" that the meeting might take place at the North Korean truce village of Panmunjom, which sits at the demilitarised zone between the North and the South. However, Dr John Park of the Korea Working Group says that he believes the meeting might instead be held "in a neutral location". This could be in China or elsewhere. This is the first time the US has been in direct talks with North Korea about its nuclear program since 2012. Kim Jong-un has never met another foreign leader until now, though he is scheduled to meet South Korean leader Moon Jae-in in April at Panmunjom. What will be discussed? Denuclearisation will undoubtedly be the biggest issue that the meeting will hope to address. But while Mr Kim says he is "committed to denuclearisation", North Korea has not yet promised to abandon its nuclear weapons completely. "The US will be pushing for total denuclearisation and South Korea has also said that it is their main objective," said Bruce Bennett, an analyst at the RAND Corporation. "But it's important to remember that Mr Kim has said over and over again that they will not give up their nuclear weapons." Other points that might be brought up are: US pushing for Americans held in Pyongyang to be brought home, North Korea looking for recognition as a nuclear-capable state and a possible peace treaty being signed. "A peace treaty would give North Korea reassurance and deprive them of one of the key rationales behind their nuclear program [that they have to defend themselves]," said Mr Madden. But one of the terms of a potential peace treaty could be the withdrawal of US troops from South Korea, a move which could prove deeply problematic. "I think Mr Kim anticipates that if a peace treaty is signed, that after say 10 years most of the US troops in South Korea could be withdrawn," said Mr Bennett. "Then maybe if later on he then wanted to forcefully reunify South Korea, [it would be easier] as the US troops would be gone. This would be the safest way to reach his objective." What will happen to sanctions? Analysts agree that it is hard to predict the extent to which sanctions will be lifted or eased, adding that it is dependent on how successful the talks are. "North Korea is definitely looking for sanctions relief, that will be a key demand of theirs," said Mr Bennett. "The question is, would we lift sanctions in an incremental manner or are we going to insist on total denuclearisation before we lift?" Mr Bennett also believes that the harsh sanctions placed on North Korea had real effect in bringing them to the table. "There were reports that North Korea was going to possibly run out of hard currency by this October. So I think the campaign was really causing some pain in the North." What would a successful meeting look like? A successful meeting would see an "agreement" being signed by all parties, according to Mr Madden. "If they can reach a point that has certain tangible achievements, like North Korea agreeing to a freeze in nuclear test activities and letting international inspectors in to the country to view their nuclear facilities that would be a success," said Mr Madden. But Mr Bennett argues that it is more likely that both sides would reach a compromise where they had "given things up but also gained". What is the worst case scenario? "The worst case scenario is North Korea walking out of talks and claiming it's because Trump is being totally unresponsive and the US is being difficult," said Mr Bennett. But a more plausible scenario is the US and North Korea simply failing to make any progress at all. "I call it the 'kick the can down the road' policy, we just delay discussing this until further down the line with another US President," said Mr Bennett. "By say 2030, North Korea could have 200 nuclear weapons and what happens then if they force the South to surrender? If we kick the can again we're going to have a bigger problem a few years down the road."

উত্তর কোরিয়ার নেতা কিম জং আনের সাথে মুখোমুখি আলোচনায় বসার এক প্রস্তাব গ্রহণ করেছেন মার্কিন প্রেসিডেন্ট ডোনাল্ড ট্রাম্প । হয়তো তারা এখন একটা বন্ধুত্বের সম্পর্কের দিকে এগুচ্ছেন, কিন্তু এই সেদিনও তারা পরস্পরের প্রতি চোখা চোখা বিদ্রু পের তীর ছুঁড়েছেন।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

Harvey Keaton, aged 19 months, wore a uniform and sucked on his dummy as he received his father's posthumous medal at Thursday's funeral near Sydney. Dozens of firefighters formed a guard of honour to salute Mr Keaton's coffin. He and colleague Andrew O'Dwyer died on 19 December en route to a blaze, when their fire truck hit a fallen tree. Mr O'Dwyer, also father to a toddler, will be buried next week. The bravery award was presented to young Harvey Keaton by New South Wales Fire Commissioner Shane Fitzsimmons. Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison also attended the funeral. The prime minister said he was there to "remember and give thanks for the life and service of Geoff Keaton". Photos released by the New South Wales Rural Fire Service showed the toddler being held by his mother as they look at the coffin. A mug with the message "Daddy, I love you to the moon and back!" is seen on the coffin. In addition to Mr Keaton and Mr O'Dwyer, another firefighter died on Monday when high winds overturned his truck, killing one and injuring two others. Since September, a total 18 people have died as a result of the fires - seven of them in New South Wales this week alone. Others are missing. Thousands of firefighters have been deployed every day for months, battling enormous fires that have yet to be brought under control. The vast majority are unpaid volunteers.

অস্ট্রেলিয়ার দাবানল নেভানোর চেষ্টা করতে গিয়ে মারা যাওয়া এক স্বেচ্ছাসেবীকে তার বীরত্বের জন্য সম্মান জানানো হয়েছে ঐ ব্যক্তির শিশুপুত্রের হাতে মেডেল তুলে দিয়ে।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

By Rebecca SealesBBC News And whether you love or loathe him, it's a fact that the Republican will set a range of records as soon as he occupies the Oval Office. From his age to his bank balance, via his notable lack of pets - here are just some of "The Donald's" historic "firsts". 1. Oldest incoming president Donald Trump celebrated his 70th birthday on 14 June, which makes him the oldest man in US history to assume the presidency. The previous record-holder, Ronald Reagan, was 69 when he took office in 1981. Perhaps keen to allay fears about his senior status, the business mogul had his doctor prepare a gushing letter pledging that he would be "the healthiest individual ever elected to the presidency". The average age of all 44 previous incoming presidents is a sprightly 55. The youngest ever incumbent - Theodore Roosevelt - got the job aged 42 years and 322 days, after President William McKinley's assassination in 1901. 2. The first billionaire president Mr Trump is the first billionaire president. Exact estimates of his personal wealth vary, with Forbes putting it at $3.7bn (£3bn) and the man himself claiming in a statement that it's "in excess of TEN BILLION DOLLARS". Many of America's past presidents have also been extremely wealthy, of course. Recent estimates say George Washington's estate would be worth half a billion in today's dollars. Before his 1963 assassination, JFK reportedly lived off a $10m trust fund thanks to the vast wealth of his father - investor and alleged bootlegger Joseph P Kennedy, Sr. Mr Trump will be following in the footsteps of former California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger by taking just a symbolic dollar as a salary. 3. The richest cabinet When Mr Trump began unveiling his cabinet picks, the number with fat wallets quickly drew the scorn of Democrats. "Donald Trump's administration: of, by and for the millionaires and billionaires," tweeted Vermont Senator and Democrat presidential contender Bernie Sanders. For better or worse, this will be the wealthiest administration in modern American history. According to the Washington Post, commerce secretary nominee Wilbur Ross is worth around $2.5bn on his own - roughly 10 times what George W Bush's first cabinet were worth in 2001, when the media branded them an assembly of millionaires. Treasury appointee Steven Mnuchin quite literally bought a bank after 17 years at Goldman Sachs, and reports put his wealth at over $40m. It has been estimated that the cabinet could be good for an eye-watering $35bn, all told. As Quartz pointed out, this is more than the annual gross domestic product of Bolivia. 4. Least experienced politically Mr Trump's triumph is also significant because, until now, no-one has been elected president in more than 60 years without experience as a state governor or in Congress. The last president with no political experience, Dwight Eisenhower, was Supreme Commander of Allied Forces in World War Two, before he was elected to office in 1953. But as Mr Trump tells it, his lack of links to the Washington establishment is an asset not a flaw - and more than made up for by his experience as a deal-maker. 5. Most powerful children Mr Trump has named his son-in-law, real estate developer Jared Kushner, as a senior adviser - prompting cries of nepotism from opponents. Some claim the appointment makes the 36-year-old the most powerful presidential son-in-law in US history. He isn't the first to fit that profile, however. President Woodrow Wilson's Treasury Secretary, William Gibbs McAdoo, was also married to his daughter, Eleanor. That said, their case pre-dates America's 1967 anti-nepotism statute, and Mr McAdoo was already a cabinet secretary when he wed. Ivanka Trump, Mr Trump's elder daughter and wife of Mr Kushner, is also being spoken of as the most influential "First Daughter" ever. 6. Fewest White House pets So much fuss has been made of what Donald Trump owns that you might have missed one glaring absence - a pet. It looks likely that he'll be the first US President in over a century not to have an animal pal in the White House, after plans to have him adopt a goldendoodle dog reportedly fell through. According to the Presidential Pet Museum, almost every commander-in-chief has had a pet, and some had a virtual menagerie. John F Kennedy stands out for owning a veritable Noah's Ark - everything from a rabbit named Zsa Zsa to a canary called Robin - but the crown belongs to Calvin and Grace Coolidge (White House occupants from 1923-1929), who the museum says "quite literally had a zoo". Their animal companions included at least a dozen dogs, a donkey named Ebenezer, and various creatures presented as gifts by foreign dignitaries - among them lion cubs, a wallaby, a pygmy hippo named Billy, and a black bear. 7. Most adamantly anti free-trade Donald Trump won the presidency on a pro-job platform, and has blamed free-trade policies for the collapse of the US manufacturing industry. This is a rare stance for a US president, probably last seen in his fellow Republican Herbert Hoover in the 1930s. In September 2015, Mr Trump told the Economist China is "killing us", and that millions of Americans are "tired of being ripped off". He said that as president, he would consider a 12% import tax to make the Chinese "stop playing games". During his election campaign, Mr Trump also threatened to rip up Nafta, the free trade agreement between Canada, the US and Mexico, which has been in place for 23 years. He also vowed that the US would quit the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal, a 12-nation agreement, on his first day in the White House. 8. The First Lady's firsts Former model Melania Trump is as trailblazing as her husband. She will be the first presidential spouse from Slovenia, and the first non-native English speaker. She is only the second FLOTUS born outside the US, though - the first being Louisa Adams, wife of the sixth US President, John Quincy Adams (1825-1829), who was born in London. As Mr Trump has been married twice before, Melania will also be the first third wife to reside in the White House. The only other US president to have divorced was Ronald Reagan, who split from his first wife, actress Jane Wyman, long before leading the nation. Melania speaks Slovenian, English, French, German, and Serbian, and may be the most competent linguist to hold the role of FLOTUS. She is the first president's wife to have posed nude, for GQ magazine in 2000 among others. Mr Trump is no stranger to men's magazines either. He appeared on the cover of Playboy in March 1990 with the tag-line: "Nice magazine, want to sell it?"

ডোনাল্ড ট্রাম্প যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের ৪৫তম প্রেসিডেন্ট হিসেবে ইতিহাস গড়ার প্রতিশ্রুতি দিয়েছেন। তাকে আপনি পছন্দ করুন আর নাই করুন, এটাই সত্যি যে এই রিপাবলিকান ওভাল অফিসে বসার সাথে সাথেই অনেকগুলো ইতিহাসের মালিক হয়ে গেছেন।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

SDF fighters have been raising victory flags in Baghuz, the last stronghold of the jihadist group. US President Donald Trump praised the "liberation" of Syria, but added: "We will remain vigilant against [IS]." The jihadists retain a presence in the region and are active in countries from Nigeria to the Philippines. At its height, IS controlled 88,000 sq km (34,000 sq miles) of land stretching across Syria and Iraq. After five years of fierce battles, though, local forces backed by world powers left IS with all but a few hundred square metres near Syria's border with Iraq. On Saturday, the White House released a statement in which President Trump described IS's loss of territory as "evidence of its false narrative", adding: "They have lost all prestige and power." How did the final battle unfold? The SDF alliance began its final assault on IS at the start of March, with the remaining militants holed up in the village of Baghuz in eastern Syria. The alliance was forced to slow its offensive after it emerged that a large number of civilians were also there, sheltering in buildings, tents and tunnels. Thousands of women and children, foreign nationals among them, fled the fighting and severe shortages to make their way to SDF-run camps for displaced persons. Many IS fighters have also abandoned Baghuz, but those who stayed put up fierce resistance, deploying suicide bombers and car bombs. "Syrian Democratic Forces declare total elimination of so-called caliphate and 100% territorial defeat of Isis [the IS group]," Mustafa Bali, the head of the SDF media office, tweeted on Saturday. Confirming the victory, SDF General Mazloum Kobani said the forces would continue operations against IS sleeper cells, which he said were "a great threat to our region and the whole world". He called on the Syrian government, which has vowed to retake all of the country, to recognise autonomous areas under SDF control. The US envoy to the coalition to defeat IS, William Roebuck, said the news was a "critical milestone", but added that IS remains a threat "in the region, to the United States and our allies". French President Emmanuel Macron welcomed the SDF's announcement, saying a "major danger for our country has been eliminated". UK Prime Minister Theresa May also welcomed the news and vowed to do "what is necessary" to protect British people and others from the threat of IS. Why are there still concerns about IS? IS grew out of al-Qaeda in Iraq in the aftermath of the US-led invasion of Iraq in 2003. It joined the rebellion against Syrian President Bashar al-Assad in 2011. By 2014 it had seized swathes of land in both countries and proclaimed a "caliphate". IS once imposed its rule on almost eight million people, and generated billions of dollars from oil, extortion, robbery and kidnapping, using its territory as a platform to launch foreign attacks. The fall of Baghuz is a major moment in the campaign against IS. The Iraqi government declared victory against the militants in 2017. But the group is far from defeated. US officials believe IS may have 15,000 to 20,000 armed adherents active in the region, many of them in sleeper cells, and that it will return to its insurgent roots while attempting to rebuild. Even as its defeat in Baghuz was imminent, IS released a defiant audio recording purportedly from its spokesman Abu Hassan al-Muhajir, asserting that the caliphate was not finished. The location of the group's overall leader, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, is not known. But he has avoided being captured or killed, despite having fewer places to hide. Please upgrade your browser to view this content. Timeline: Islamic State How the jihadist group rose and fell Share this chatbot.

মার্কিন সমর্থিত সিরিয়ান ডেমোক্রেটিক ফোর্সেস বা এসডিএফ বলছে, বাঘুসে পরাজয়ের মধ্যে দিয়ে ইসলামিক স্টেটের পাঁচ বছরের 'খিলাফতের' অবসান হয়েছে।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

By Joseph LeeBBC News How did it happen and why did it have such a big impact? Why did the power stations fail? It started with a routine blip - the gas-fired power station at Little Barford in Bedfordshire shut down at 16:58 BST due to a technical issue. Then, a second power station, the new Hornsea offshore wind farm, also "lost load" - meaning the turbines were still moving, but power was not reaching the grid. Two power stations shutting down almost simultaneously is "a very rare event", says David Hunter, energy analyst at Schneider Electric. "That took the National Grid by surprise." He says an investigation into the causes may show that the two failures were "coincidental and unconnected", adding there have been occasions when two generators shut down independently before. But he said a power station dropping off the grid can also create a "domino effect", where other generators buckle under the strain of making up for the shortfall in power. Was wind power to blame? Despite high winds on Friday, National Grid's director of operations Duncan Burt said the shutdowns had "nothing to do with changes in wind speed or the variability of wind". Experts say there is no reason to think wind farms are more likely than other generators to disconnect from the grid. But they say renewable energy such as wind power can create problems for the National Grid. "Gas and coal-fired power stations have more flexibility. When one drops off it's easier for another to pick up the slack," Mr Hunter says. Wind power is less effective as a "shock absorber" to shifts in supply and demand, according to the energy analyst. He said National Grid was designing systems that were intended to cope with increasing amounts of renewable energy and those associated problems - but it was "too early to say" if it was a factor in Friday's power cuts. Why did parts of the grid shut down? The National Grid has to maintain an electrical frequency of 50Hz. When supply falls and demand remains high, the frequency drops - to 48.9Hz in this case, well below the accepted level. The wrong frequency can be dangerous, says Mr Hunter, causing damage to the UK electricity infrastructure. National Grid says its automated systems kick in to stop any damage, chiefly by cutting off parts of the grid to reduce overall demand. Stuck on a train with no food or toilets But Lord Adonis, a former chairman of the National Infrastructure Commission, has questioned the design of the automated systems if one of the first things to be affected was the national transport system. He says National Grid needs to ensure "when something like this happens - two power stations going down - it doesn't lead to the whole country grinding to a halt". Why did it take so long to fix the problems? The blackouts were resolved relatively quickly. The power stations were back in action after 15 minutes and National Grid says local power suppliers were meeting demand by 17:40 BST. But that is little comfort to passengers like Lawal Brown, who boarded a Thameslink train at Stevenage at 16:45. It took nearly six hours before he was evacuated onto another train and many more before he made it home. Network Rail said the blackout affected signalling systems and power supply equipment across a large part of the rail system, but backup systems stepped in. That still meant some delays because of safety requirements, says Nick King, network services director for Network Rail. But he says further difficulties were caused by a "major systems failure" on "one particular fleet of trains". Thameslink has acknowledged that its trains required a technician to restart them after the power cut. Mr King says this caused "significant disruption" in parts of the network, although Network Rail, train operators and police worked "flat out" to rescue stranded passengers.

ব্রিটেনে দুটো বিদ্যুৎ কেন্দ্র ন্যাশনাল গ্রিড থেকে ১৫ মিনিটের জন্য বিচ্ছিন্ন হয়ে যাবার পর হাজার-হাজার ট্রেন যাত্রী আটকা পড়ে। কারণ ট্রেনগুলো বিদ্যুৎ চালিত।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

By Adaobi Tricia NwaubaniNigeria Although he came from a large family - his father had 17 children by four wives - Samuel was on his own with a nanny that day. His family were told he had gone outside to ride his bicycle. They would not see him again for another six years. The search "There is nothing we didn't do to try to find him," his older sister Firdausi Okezie recalls. Then aged 21, she was not made aware of his disappearance at first. Her brother had always enjoyed rushing to answer the phone and speak with her when she called home from university. But when other members of the household began answering it when she rang, she suspected something was wrong. After her classes one afternoon, Firdausi travelled home unexpectedly and her father, an architect and hotelier, was forced to reveal the heart-breaking truth: Her favourite sibling had been missing for more than a month. "At first, my father had the nanny arrested, but after investigations, they let her go," Firdausi says. They also tried to hide the news from Samuel's mother, who was divorced from his father, for as long as possible. Every time she called from her new home in a different city, they would conjure different excuses. Eventually, an uncle was assigned the unenviable task of telling her. In addition to extensive police investigations, the family placed adverts in newspapers and sent out search parties to comb the streets. They checked ditches in case he had been the victim of a hit and run, and even consulted Muslim spiritual priests, known as malams. In time, her father asked the family to accept that their brother was dead - they had done the best they could. The scream Firdausi refused to give up. She dedicated her university thesis to her missing brother and a year after graduating, she moved south to Lagos in search of work. She converted to Christianity and started attending Winners Chapel - one of Nigeria's mega churches based in Ogun state just outside the city. Every December, the church holds a five-day gathering of its members from all over the world. During the event, known as Shiloh, interested members of the congregation are allocated free stands to display their goods and services within the church premises. Still without a job in December 2000, Firdausi applied for a stand to sell some tie-dye fabrics her mother had made. While waiting for a carpenter to help set up the display, she sat on a chair and placed her head in her lap for some rest. That was when she heard a beggar appealing, in the name of Allah, for spare change. Firdausi looked up. This beggar had his hand firmly planted on the left shoulder of a boy who was dressed in a tattered brown tunic and undersized trousers. Firdausi screamed - the haggard boy guiding the beggar was her lost brother. The kidnap Samuel, now aged 30, cannot recall exactly how he was stolen from his family: "All I remember is the train journey." He was taken to a one-armed woman who lived on the outskirts of Lagos in an area mostly occupied by disabled beggars. The woman hired him out to blind beggars for 500 naira (approximately $5 or £2.50 at the time) per day. The sight of blind men and women being led around by boys and girls is common on many streets in Nigeria - especially in dense traffic where they usually tap on car windows, or around churches and mosques. Only Samuel lived with the woman, sleeping on a mat in her shack. Over the years, he says about five others boys turned up to live with other women in the same yard, each hired out to blind beggars. Samuel suspects that something must have been done or given to him during that time because he does not recall ever thinking of his family during that period, or wondering what had become of them. "I am not sure I had emotions then," he says. "Just a zombie that knew he had to wake up and lead a beggar out. Make money, eat food and sleep, and the same routine the next day. Life of a slave Different beggars hired him for a period of anything from a week to a month. At the end of each day, Samuel and the beggar slept alongside others in various public spaces. If a beggar enjoyed working with him, they hired him again for another period. "I was like a slave," he says. "I couldn't say I wanted to go and do anything. I had to be around always." As he was always on the move, Samuel made few friends, only occasionally playing with the children of other beggars he bumped into in the evenings. Sometimes people gave them food while they were out begging. At other times they hung around restaurants and ate the leftovers or scavenged in dustbins. "I was always hungry. During the daytime when you work, you hardly sit down to eat," he recalls. "I didn't feel the beggars were bad. They wake up, beg, the way people wake up and go to work." Day after day, Samuel walked from one end of Lagos to the other with a beggar's right hand gripping his shoulder. Sometimes, they trekked to neighbouring states or across the border to Benin. If the beggars received news of potential benefactors gathered somewhere, they told Samuel and he took them there by bus. "There were times when you get so tired and you start bypassing people, but blind people are very sensitive - their hearing - so they pick up sound. Sometimes they would twist your shoulder and say: 'There is someone there. Why are you moving away?' "They try to make as much money as they can." The 'miracle' In December 2000, a beggar he was guiding heard news of the programme at Winners Chapel where they ran into his sister. At first, Firdausi was too shocked to reach out and touch her brother - who can still recall her scream. "I fell down on the floor," she says. Samuel looked gaunt, his right shoulder was significantly tilted and he appeared dumb, not speaking a word. The sight caused Firdausi to burst into tears. "It took a while but I knew that she was someone I knew - that this person was someone related to me," Samuel says. Soon a crowd gathered and drawn by the commotion, church officials also arrived. They managed to make sense of Firdausi's barely coherent joy and decreed that it was a "miracle" worth sharing with the entire congregation. They ferried Samuel to a corner and gave him a quick wash. They found him fresh clothes to wear and rushed them both to the stage of the 50,000-seat auditorium where Firdausi was given a microphone. In tears, she narrated how she had just found her brother who had been missing for six years. Firdausi recalls how the entire congregation leapt out of their chairs in shouts of praise and thanksgiving. The founder of the church, David Oyedepo, then held Samuel and prayed for him. You may also be interested in: That night they slept on the church premises in a car, as it was a long way to get back to where Firdausi lived. She remembers waking up throughout the night and touching her brother to make sure he was real. The recovery Today Firdausi says that she regrets being so engrossed in finding her brother that she did not try to rescue the others from where he was kept. Shortly before his rescue, a new young child had arrived in the yard, Samuel says. At first, the boy wept non-stop and refused to eat. Suddenly, he became silent, leading Samuel to suspect that something had been done or given to the boy to quieten him. "In a developed country, you would just go and tell the police. But, here, the police would ask you to give them money for fuel and all that, and I didn't even have a job," Firdausi says. Besides, reintegrating her 13-year-old brother into normal life was proving more difficult than she had imagined. He had not returned to live with his father and she was taking care of him. Boils and rashes had broken out all over his body, giving off a foul stench. His right shoulder remained bent for more than a year, requiring X-rays and physiotherapy before it finally stopped showing signs of the pressure from years of being gripped by beggars. Their mother did not recognise the youngest of her seven children - who was now rough and haggard. She had to raise his arm and search for a birthmark before she finally believed that the person in front of her was actually her son. The student After six years of no formal education, Samuel was barely literate. Firdausi was left frustrated with the search for a school - with many saying he was too old to join at primary level. Just when she had almost lost hope, Firdausi met a school proprietor who had seen them on the stage at the church. The woman agreed to admit him, while Firdausi made arrangements for additional private classes. In three months, Samuel zoomed from primary one to primary four. Within a year, he had passed the entrance exams to secondary school. Samuel spent only three years in secondary school when, aged 17, he felt confident enough to sit for university entrance exams. He passed with flying colours, attaining the best result in his entire school, and gained admission to study chemical engineering at the Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria. But Samuel's academic prowess would eventually lead to the sudden end to his studies. Other students often sought his assistance with assignments and he was expelled during his fourth year after being caught writing another student's answers during exams. 'No grudges' Samuel now works as a supervisor on construction sites. "Someday when I am comfortable financially, I hope to continue my education," he says, adding that computer science might be an option as he is good with gadgets. Samuel holds no ill feelings about what he went through while in captivity. He believes that all those years shaped him and taught him to try to always be nice to people. "Nothing that people do actually gets to me. I just see it as a way of life. I don't hold grudges," he says. Memories of the constant hunger have affected the way he relates to beggars and their guides today. He never gives them money. "I'd rather buy them food. Because, back then, it was better giving me food than money because the money went to the beggar and none came to me." Samuel hopes that, by sharing his story, people will pay more attention to beggars and the children who often guide them. "When they see a beggar with someone, they should have a second thought that, possibly, this child could need help," he says. "Don't just see and give money and walk away." Illustrations by the BBC's Manuella Bonomi

স্যামুয়েল আব্দুল রহিমকে যেদিন অপহরণ করা হয়েছিল সেদিনের কোন কিছুই তার মনে নেই। সেসময় তার বয়স ছিল সাত বছর। নাইজেরিয়ার উত্তরাঞ্চলীয় কানো শহরে তার নিজের বাড়ি থেকে তাকে অপহরণ করা হয়েছিল।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

By James GallagherHealth and science correspondent The report estimates 11 million people a year are dying from sepsis - more than are killed by cancer. The researchers at the University of Washington said the "alarming" figures were double previous estimates. Most cases were in poor and middle income countries, but even wealthier nations are dealing with sepsis. What is sepsis? Sepsis is also known as the "hidden killer" because it can be so hard to detect. It is caused by the immune system going into over-drive. Instead of just fighting an infection, it starts attacking other parts of the body too. Ultimately it causes organ failure. Even survivors can be left with long-term damage and disability. Bacteria and viruses that cause diarrhoeal infections or lung diseases are the leading triggers of sepsis. Why the jump in numbers? Previous global estimates, which came up with a figure of 19 million cases and 5 million deaths, were based on just a handful of western countries. This analysis, published in the Lancet and based on medical records from 195 nations, shows there are 49 million cases a year. The 11 million deaths from sepsis account for one in five of all deaths around the world. "I've worked in rural Uganda, and sepsis is what we saw every single day," said researcher, assistant professor Kristina Rudd. "My colleagues treating patients on the ground in low- and middle-income countries every day have been saying this for years, that sepsis is a major problem. "So in a way I wasn't actually that surprised - on the other hand I didn't expect it to be double the previous estimate." The good news in this analysis is that cases and deaths have fallen since 1990. The hope is understanding the true scale of the problem will raise awareness and save more lives. Who is affected? The overwhelming majority of cases (85%) are in low- and middle- income countries. Children were most at risk with four in 10 cases in children under the age of five. But even in the UK, sepsis is a challenge. The death rate is higher than in countries such as Spain, France and Canada. There are around 48,000 deaths from sepsis in the UK each year, the report shows. There has been a big push within the health service to identify the signs of sepsis more quickly and to begin treatment. What can be done about it? Reducing the number of infections can reduce the number of cases of sepsis. For many countries, this means good sanitation, clean water and access to vaccines. The other challenge is to get better at identifying patients with sepsis in order to treat them before it is too late. Early treatment with antibiotics or anti-virals to clear an infection can make a massive difference. Prof Mohsen Naghavi said: "We are alarmed to find sepsis deaths are much higher than previously estimated, especially as the condition is both preventable and treatable. "We need renewed focus on sepsis prevention among newborns and on tackling antimicrobial resistance, an important driver of the condition." What are the symptoms of sepsis? In adults: In children: Follow James on Twitter.

বিশ্বজুড়ে পাঁচজনের মধ্যে একজনের মৃত্যু সেপসিসের কারণে ঘটে, এটি রক্তের বিষ হিসাবেও পরিচিত, এই রোগটি সম্পর্কে এ যাবতকালের সবচেয়ে ব্যাপক বিশ্লেষণ হয়েছে।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

The Muslim convert, who is in custody in a Kurdish jail, admitted he was once ready to carry out a suicide attack. The BBC interviewed the 23-year-old in October but it can only be reported now after his parents were convicted of funding terrorism by sending him cash. The Home Office did not comment but has previously said it would try to block IS recruits hoping to return to the UK. The interview is the fullest account yet of the Briton's time with IS in Syria, and Jack Letts said he was not speaking under duress. Dubbed "Jihadi Jack" by the media, he converted to Islam aged 16. Two years later, in 2014, he dropped out of studying for his A-levels at a school in Oxford, moved to Syria and joined IS - the jihadist terror group which became known worldwide for its brutal mass killings and beheadings. He married a woman whose family were influential in the group in Fallujah, Iraq. He had a child, who he has never seen. In 2017 he left IS, but was captured and is in a Kurdish-run jail in northern Syria. The Briton, who has not been stripped of his UK citizenship and is a dual Canadian national, agreed to speak to the BBC, saying he wanted to come clean about his role in IS. 'I did what I did' Reporter Quentin Sommerville, who interviewed the IS recruit while Kurdish security forces were present, said there were gaps in his story. Challenged on whether he was a traitor, the IS fighter replied: "I know I was definitely an enemy of Britain. "I did what I did," he added. "I made a big mistake, and that's what happened." Pressed on why he abandoned the UK to join the jihadist group - which has carried out terror attacks across the world - he said: "I thought I was leaving something behind and going to something better." He said his home life had been comfortable, adding: "I had a very good relationship with my mum, especially, and my dad as well, actually. "I used to work with my dad. He was a farmer... I used to love actually working with him. I had a very good relationship." He said he thinks the decision to travel to Syria was a "weird combination of thoughts" and "weird sort of confusion". "I thought it was some sort of morality actually at the time," he said. "Why do I have this nice life, and others don't? And then, on top of that, the idea of it being an Islamic state and it's actually your duty to do this. "I think it was probably just a very emotionally-driven period of my life. I'm just glad that I didn't die." 'I wouldn't give me a second chance' The former IS member said the group used to "encourage you in a sort of indirect way" to put on a suicide vest. He said he made it obvious to militants that "if there was a battle, I'm ready". "I used to want to at one point, believe it or not" he added. "Not a vest. I wanted to do it in a car. I said if there's a chance, I will do it." He said he now believes suicide attacks are "haram"- meaning forbidden in Islamic law. He said at the start he loved living in Raqqa. He fought on the frontlines and was badly injured in Iraq. One of the main reasons he left IS, he said, was because they started to kill people who he knew were Muslims. "I didn't have a full plan. I thought I'd just get to Turkey and ring my mum, and just be like, 'I want to meet you somehow'." 'Poster boy' His parents, John Letts, 58, and Sally Lane, 57, faced trial, accused of sending or trying to send their son money after he had joined IS. On Friday, they were found guilty of one charge of funding terrorism by sending £223 in 2015. They were cleared of sending him a further £1,000 and the jury could not reach a verdict on a third charge related to an attempt to send £500. When told that there was very little appetite in the UK to give him a second chance, Mr Letts said: "It's not like I'm appealing to the British public to give me a second chance. "If I was a member of the British public, I wouldn't give me a second chance probably." Challenged that his recruitment to IS - as a Westerner who travelled from Britain - was a rallying cry for the terror group, he said he realised it "had more meaning" than for a Syrian recruit, and added that IS used him as a sort of "poster boy". "The fact that I came from England, et cetera, I understand that it made a big difference." Although admitting he fought for IS, he said he did not believe he killed anyone. As a dual national, he has been in touch with Canadian authorities and they are believed to be considering allowing him to leave Syria for Canada. The Home Office did not comment on the case, but believes that anyone who travels to Syria is putting themselves in danger and could pose a national security risk to the UK. Home Secretary Sajid Javid has previously said he would "not hesitate" to prevent the return of people who travelled to support IS. In an interview with the Times, Mr Javid said that a range of measures were available to "stop people who pose a serious threat from returning to the UK, including depriving them of their British citizenship or excluding them from the country".

জ্যাক লেটস, যিনি ইসলামিক স্টেটে যোগ দেয়ার জন্য কিশোর বয়সে যুক্তরাজ্য ছেড়ে গিয়েছিলেন, তিনি বলছেন যে তিনি "ব্রিটেনের শত্রু"

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

Journalist Michael Wolff's Fire and Fury: Inside the Trump White House also purports to lift the lid on Ivanka Trump's secret presidential ambitions. The book details Mr Trump's regard for media titan Rupert Murdoch, though the admiration was apparently not mutual. The White House said the book was full of "false and misleading accounts". Michael Wolff says his work is based on more than 200 interviews and that he took up "something like a semi-permanent seat on a couch in the West Wing" following the president's inauguration for a close-up insight into the fledgling administration. Here are 11 of the book's revelations, with commentary from the BBC's Anthony Zurcher. 1. Bannon thought Don Jr meeting 'treasonous' According to the book, former White House chief strategist Steve Bannon thought a meeting between Donald Trump Jr and a group of Russians was "treasonous". The Russians had offered Donald Trump Jr damaging information on Hillary Clinton at the June 2016 meeting. Wolff writes that Bannon told him of the meeting: "The three senior guys in the campaign thought it was a good idea to meet with a foreign government inside Trump Tower in the conference room on the 25th floor - with no lawyers. They didn't have any lawyers. Even if you thought that this was not treasonous, or unpatriotic, or bad s***, and I happen to think it's all of that, you should have called the FBI immediately." Bannon reportedly said the Justice Department investigation into links between the Trump campaign and Moscow would focus on money laundering, adding: "They're going to crack Don Junior like an egg on national TV." Anthony Zurcher: In just a few sentences, Bannon manages to detonate a bomb under the White House's efforts to downplay the significance of that fateful June meeting in Trump Tower and their attempt to dismiss Robert Mueller's inquiry as a partisan witchhunt. It's bad, Bannon is saying, and even more unforgivably it was stupid. Taking aim at Mr Trump's own family in the most personal terms makes it all the more biting. 2. Trump 'befuddled' by his victory In an article for NYMag adapted from his book, Wolff describes the amazement - and dismay - in the Trump camp at his November 2016 election win. "Shortly after 8pm on Election Night, when the unexpected trend - Trump might actually win - seemed confirmed, Don Jr told a friend that his father, or DJT, as he calls him, looked as if he had seen a ghost. Melania was in tears - and not of joy. There was, in the space of little more than an hour, in Steve Bannon's not unamused observation, a befuddled Trump morphing into a disbelieving Trump and then into a horrified Trump. But still to come was the final transformation: Suddenly, Donald Trump became a man who believed that he deserved to be, and was wholly capable of being, the president of the United States." AZ: This is decidedly different from what has been recited by the Trump circle since election night. While campaign hands - at least the less-than-dedicated ones - may have been positioning themselves for a soft landing after a defeat, Mr Trump and his close allies believed in their success. A "horrified Trump" was never part of the script. 3. Trump 'angry' at inauguration Wolff writes: "Trump did not enjoy his own inauguration. He was angry that A-level stars had snubbed the event, disgruntled with the accommodations at Blair House, and visibly fighting with his wife, who seemed on the verge of tears. Throughout the day, he wore what some around him had taken to calling his golf face: angry and pissed off, shoulders hunched, arms swinging, brow furled, lips pursed." But the first lady's office rejected the claims. Communications director Stephanie Grisham said in a statement: "Mrs Trump supported her husband's decision to run for President and in fact, encouraged him to do so. She was confident he would win and was very happy when he did." AZ: These words tell the same story as the viral video clip of a stone-faced Melania forcing a smile when the president looks her way. It also explains why Mr Trump was so insistent about the success of his inauguration and the size of his crowds. He felt slighted and aggrieved and was acting accordingly. 4. Trump loved 'pursuing' friends' wives According to another excerpt from the book, obtained by US media, Mr Trump used to boast that sleeping with his friends' wives made "life worth living". "In pursuing a friend's wife, he would try to persuade the wife that her husband was perhaps not what she thought," Wolff quotes a Trump friend as saying. He would invite the wife to secretly listen on speakerphone to a conversation that Mr Trump would have in his office with her husband, according to the book. Mr Trump would allegedly engage in sexual banter with the husband in the hope that he might say something indiscreet, asking questions such as: "Do you still like having sex with your wife? How often?" 5. Trump found White House 'scary' Wolff writes: "Trump, in fact, found the White House to be vexing and even a little scary. He retreated to his own bedroom - the first time since the Kennedy White House that a presidential couple had maintained separate rooms. In the first days, he ordered two television screens in addition to the one already there, and a lock on the door, precipitating a brief standoff with the Secret Service, who insisted they have access to the room." AZ: For much of his adult life, Mr Trump has lived according to his own rules, as a real-estate tycoon whose wealth allowed his every whim or idiosyncrasy to be accommodated. Adjusting to the White House - which Bill Clinton once referred to as the "crown jewel of the federal penitentiary system" and Harry Truman called "the great white jail" - must have been quite a shock. 6. Ivanka hopes to be president Mr Trump's daughter and her husband Jared Kushner allegedly struck a deal that she might run for president in future, according to Wolff: "Balancing risk against reward, both Jared and Ivanka decided to accept roles in the West Wing over the advice of almost everyone they knew. It was a joint decision by the couple, and, in some sense, a joint job. Between themselves, the two had made an earnest deal: If sometime in the future the opportunity arose, she'd be the one to run for president. The first woman president, Ivanka entertained, would not be Hillary Clinton; it would be Ivanka Trump. Bannon, who had coined the term 'Jarvanka' that was now in ever greater use in the White House, was horrified when the couple's deal was reported to him." AZ: The feud between Bannon and "Jarvanka" was no secret, and it certainly wasn't surprising. In a way, the couple represented to Bannon everything he's fighting against - East Coast elitism and entitlement. Yet, thanks to familial ties, they had the president's ear and - this new book claims - harboured dynastic hopes. 7. Ivanka mocks dad's 'comb-over' The US first daughter poked fun at her father's alleged "scalp-reduction surgery", according to the book. "She treated her father with a degree of detachment, even irony, going so far as to make fun of his comb-over to others. She often described the mechanics behind it to friends: an absolutely clean pate - a contained island after scalp-reduction -surgery - surrounded by a furry circle of hair around the sides and front, from which all ends are drawn up to meet in the center and then swept back and secured by a stiffening spray. The color, she would point out to comical effect, was from a product called Just for Men - the longer it was left on, the darker it got. Impatience resulted in Trump's orange-blond hair color." AZ: It wouldn't be particularly surprising if this is one of the anecdotes that Mr Trump finds most irksome. The president is proud of his hair, and once notably let late-night host Jimmy Fallon ruffle it to establish its authenticity. On windy days, Mr Trump usually wears a hat - the origin of the Make America Great Again ball cap - to ensure there are no coiffing malfunctions. The hair is as much a part of the Trump brand as big hotels and gold-plated escalators. 8. White House unsure of priorities Katie Walsh, the White House deputy chief of staff, asked Mr Kushner, the president's senior adviser, what the administration wanted to achieve. But according to the book, Mr Kushner did not have an answer. "'Just give me the three things the president wants to focus on,' she [Katie Walsh] demanded. 'What are the three priorities of this White House?' It was the most basic question imaginable - one that any qualified presidential candidate would have answered long before he took up residence at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue. Six weeks into Trump's presidency, Kushner was wholly without an answer. 'Yes,' he said to Walsh. 'We should probably have that conversation.'" AZ: It often takes a new administration a bit of time to find its footing. In Mr Trump's case, the situation was particularly acute. Having campaigned on some clear policy items - strengthened borders, renegotiated trade deals, a sweeping tax cut and Obamacare repeal - prioritising was clearly a challenge. Once in the White House, he allowed Congress to kick off with healthcare reform, and the difficulties achieving that goal haunted the Trump presidency for nearly a year. 9. Trump's admiration for Murdoch Wolff, who previously wrote a biography of Rupert Murdoch, describes Mr Trump's high regard for the News Corp media titan. "Rupert Murdoch, who had promised to pay a call on the president-elect, was running late. When some of the guests made a move to leave, an increasingly agitated Trump assured them that Rupert was on his way. 'He's one of the greats, the last of the greats,' Trump said. 'You have to stay to see him.' Not grasping that he was now the most powerful man in the world, Trump was still trying mightily to curry favor with a media mogul who had long disdained him as a charlatan and fool." AZ: During the campaign, Mr Trump had at times feuded with Murdoch's Fox News - fighting with presenter Megyn Kelly, boycotting the network and skipping a Fox-broadcast primary debate. The president, however, is one of Fox News' biggest fans - and the network has become his greatest advocate since his inauguration. 10. Murdoch calls Trump 'idiot' But the admiration was not mutual, according to Wolff's account of a call between Mr Murdoch and Mr Trump about the president's meeting with Silicon Valley executives. Mr Trump is said to have told Mr Murdoch: "'These guys really need my help. Obama was not very favorable to them, too much regulation. This is really an opportunity for me to help them.' 'Donald,' said Murdoch, 'for eight years these guys had Obama in their pocket. They practically ran the administration. They don't need your help.' 'Take this H-1B visa issue. They really need these H-1B visas.'Murdoch suggested that taking a liberal approach to H-1B visas, which open America's doors to select immigrants, might be hard to square with his promises to build a wall and close the borders. But Trump seemed unconcerned, assuring Murdoch, 'We'll figure it out.' 'What a f****** idiot,' said Murdoch, shrugging, as he got off the phone." AZ: There's sometimes been a disconnect between Mr Trump's anti-immigration rhetoric and his action as a businessman, where his companies often relied on immigrant labour. Perhaps the president-elect was reflecting his business sensibilities. Or maybe, in this case, he was simply echoing the opinion of the last group of people who had met with him - a criticism that has been lobbed his way on more than one occasion. 11. Flynn knew Russia ties 'a problem' Former US National Security Adviser Mike Flynn knew that accepting money from Moscow for a speech could come back to haunt him, according to the book. Wolff writes that before the election Mr Flynn "had been told by friends that it had not been a good idea to take $45,000 from the Russians for a speech. 'Well it would only be a problem if we won,' he assured them." Mr Flynn has been indicted in the Justice Department special counsel's inquiry. AZ: Like Paul Manafort, Flynn was one of the members of the Trump campaign's inner circle whose prior affairs were not ordered in a way that would, shall we say, stand up to close legal scrutiny. If Mr Trump had been defeated, that probably wouldn't have mattered. Like the protagonists in the film The Producers, however, their success was their undoing. Read more Russia-Trump: Who's who? Does Donald Trump have a nuclear button? How Trump cooled on Bannon

মার্কিন প্রেসিডেন্ট নির্বাচনে জয়ের পর দ্বিধায় বা সংশয়ে পড়ে গিয়েছিলেন ডোনাল্ড ট্রাম্প, অভিষেকের দিনটিও তার ভালো লাগেনি আর হোয়াইট হাউজ নিয়ে তার ভীতি ছিল- সদ্য প্রকাশিত একটি বইয়ে এসব তথ্য জানানো হয়েছে।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

By Daniel ThomasBusiness reporter, BBC News Sean O'Leary, 34, from Southampton loves working with his wife, Claire, but there is one downside: "We are both very strong characters that want to lead, it's a bit of power battle sometimes." Claire, 33, became a partner in Sean's plumbing and heating business in 2018 and now handles the marketing and accounts, allowing him to get on with winning new customers and managing their operations. Sean says he likes working with someone he trusts implicitly and who is brutally honest with him. Claire says she has brought skills to the business that Sean lacked and helped make it more profitable. She also got to give up her stressful corporate job and can now spend more time with their kids. However, their contrasting approaches to management have led to more than a few "heated debates" in the office, although never in front of staff. "I like to wear the trousers at work, while she wears them in the relationship," Sean says, admitting that giving up some of the limelight in office has been hard. Meanwhile, Claire says Sean is a perfectionist while she is a realist, which can be frustrating - although she admits the firm is "Sean's baby and I need to step back sometimes and let him lead". "Sometimes I do think 'would it be better to go back and get an office job?', but weighing up the pros and cons as a wife and mother this is better." So called "co-preneurs" are never far from the news either. In October we saw John and Irene Hays, the husband and wife owners of Hays Travel, agree to buy all 555 of Thomas Cook's shops after the tour operator fell into liquidation. Then Esther Duflo and Abhijit Banerjee won the Nobel prize for economics alongside their colleague Michael Kremer. The French and Indian economists met while he was her PhD supervisor and married in 2015. Some 1.4 million couples run businesses together in the UK, according to a study by software firm FreeAgent. Yet this probably underestimates the numbers who actually work together as it does not include those working as employees for the same firm. Not surprisingly, many balk at the idea of working with their partner for fear that they might clash or that their personal life could spill over into their work life or vice versa, killing the romance. And then there's the tricky matter of succession if a couple who run a company fall out of love. But James Saville, 42, who set up the communications agency Goldbug with his wife Lara Gould, 37, and two other partners in 2014 says most of the risks can be mitigated. "Lots of blokes say 'how to you do it?' but we have learnt how to separate our work and relationship. "You have to recognise you bring different skills to business. Respect is a big word; I have to understand that she can do some jobs better than I can, and she does the same with me." He says they often have different opinions about a subject and, while neither might be wrong, they try to avoid working on the same projects to prevent rows. "When we are pitching our business, and people see a husband and wife on the team, they really respect it because they know you'll be driving each other on," he adds. Generally he loves working with Lara but there are downsides. "We have found ourselves at home, when you are supposed to be switching off, talking about the most trivial things like how the new office junior is getting on. "Most people have a rant to their partners about work and leave it there. But with us it becomes a problem-solving session, so it has advantages and disadvantages." Ammanda Major, head of clinical practice at the charity Relate, says that while many couples work successfully together, these arrangements "can also be quite intense" and couples should ensure they have boundaries in place and agree clear areas of responsibility based on their strengths. 'Quality time' They should also avoid "bad-mouthing" each other in front of colleagues, arguing about domestic issues in the office, being too touchy feely or showing favouritism. "Spending some time apart each week, whether that's seeing friends, exercising or writing a novel, will allow your relationship to breathe. It's also important to spend quality time together where you're not talking about office politics," she adds. Unfortunately, some of the risks of working with a spouse or partner are unavoidable, as talent manager Gemma Bowman Yard and her husband John found out a few years ago. "We worked really well together and very much enjoyed sharing goals and being part of the same project," she tells the BBC. "However, it all came crashing down when we were put at risk of redundancy at the same time - that really shook our whole world and it was an incredibly stressful time." Both breadwinners in the family stood to be made redundant at the same time, just as it was coming up to Christmas. "With childcare costs for three children to cover, it was just ridiculous. We did not know if we'd have a job in the New Year," Gemma says. Luckily she was redeployed within the business - albeit at a more junior level - while John managed to find another job. She'd love to work with her husband again, she says, but only if there was no risk attached. "We would never want to be put in that situation again." Challenges aside, those who do get to work with their romantic partners seem to enjoy some unique advantages over their peers. James Saville loves having a shared goal to work towards other than raising a family, and believes working with his wife has improved their relationship. "To have your partner seeing what you go through can be a really good thing, it keeps that level of respect in the relationship." Claire O'Leary meanwhile likes working with someone who will always be there for her: "We have known each other our whole lives so we really support each other. We are doing this for our children." Do you work with your partner or your spouse? Share your experiences by emailing [email protected]. Please include a contact number if you are willing to speak to a BBC journalist. You can also contact us in the following ways:

এবারের অর্থনীতিতে নোবেল পুরষ্কার বিজয়ী তিন জনের মধ্যে দু'জনই একে অন্যের সাথে বিবাহ বন্ধনে আবদ্ধ। সুতরাং আপনি যার জীবনের অংশীদার তার সাথে কাজের অংশীদারিত্বটা কেমন?

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

Mr Trump is the 12th sitting US president to make such a trip and will spend time with the Queen and prime minister before flying to Scotland to spend the weekend at his golf resort. It is his first visit to Britain since winning the 2016 presidential election. Thousands are expected to protest against the president in London on Thursday and Friday. BBC diplomatic correspondent James Robbins described the trip as "the most controversial visit ever made by an American president to Britain". What will he do and who will he meet? Mr Trump will fly to the UK on Thursday afternoon with First Lady Melania Trump, following a Nato summit in Brussels. The couple will attend a black-tie dinner on Thursday at Blenheim Palace in Oxfordshire. Invited guests - including a number of business leaders - will eat dinner to the sounds of the Countess of Wessex's Orchestra, which will play a "series of classic British and American hits", according to a spokeswoman for Prime Minister Theresa May. After spending Thursday night as a guest of US ambassador Woody Johnson at his London residence, Winfield House, the president will join the prime minister to watch a UK military exercise, before the pair travel to Chequers - the PM's country residence in Buckinghamshire - for bilateral talks. The president and first lady will then travel to Windsor to meet the Queen on Friday afternoon. On the final leg of the tour, the couple will fly to Scotland, where they plan to spend the weekend at Mr Trump's Turnberry golf resort. The president's time in Scotland is not counted as part of the working visit. What is the difference between a working visit and a state visit? A state visit is a formal visit by a head of state and is normally at the invitation of the Queen, who acts on advice from the government. The Queen acts as the official host for the duration of the trip, and visitors usually stay at either Buckingham Palace or Windsor Castle. There is usually a state banquet and a visit to - and speeches at - the Houses of Parliament may be included. A working visit - like the one Mr Trump is making - may include some of the same activities as a state visit, but there are small differences. For example, on a working visit, the visiting head of state does not address Parliament, nor is their accommodation organised and funded by the UK. Travel plans on a working visit are also organised and funded by the visiting country. What protests are planned? Tens of thousands are expected to protest against the president in London on Thursday and Friday and in Glasgow on Saturday. Police forces from across the country have been asked to send officers to assist the Metropolitan Police, including 400 from the West Midlands force. London Mayor Sadiq Khan has granted permission for a giant inflatable figure depicting Mr Trump as a baby to fly over Westminster for two hours on the second day of the president's visit. Smaller demonstrations are also expected to be held across the UK including Devon, Dundee, Edinburgh, Belfast, Norwich, Manchester, Leeds and Liverpool. Shaista Aziz, a Labour councillor in Oxford, and one of the organisers of the Together Against Trump protest in London, said the demonstration was about saying "very clearly that we reject the policies of this administration". What are the security arrangements? British police have not revealed the exact number of officers required to work during Mr Trump's trip - but the Police Federation has warned the visit will put "unquestionable pressure" on UK police forces. Forces from across the country have been asked to send thousands of officers to assist with protests. The Home Office said they can be "recompensed by the hosting force". The Treasury has confirmed it will fund policing costs of up to £5m in Scotland. The National Police Chiefs' Council said discussions were ongoing about "how the resource requirements of this massive operation will be met" but a spokesman said: "We are confident that forces will continue to maintain local policing services." What about Trump supporters? Mr Trump has a number of high profile supporters in the UK - including prominent Brexiteers Nigel Farage and Boris Johnson. Speaking of Mr Johnson, who resigned as foreign secretary on Monday, Mr Trump said he was a "friend" and he hoped he might find time to speak to him during his visit. "He's been very, very nice to me, very supportive," he said. "I like Boris Johnson, I've always liked him." Republicans Overseas UK are organising a rally on Friday to welcome the president while a pub in west London has been renamed The Trump Arms in honour of the visit. The US Embassy said it was looking forward to Mr Trump's arrival "as an opportunity to highlight the vitality of the special relationship" between the UK and US.

সোমবারই যুক্তরাজ্যে সফরে গিয়ে ব্রিটিশ রাজপরিবারের সাথে সাক্ষাতের কর্মসূচি আছে যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের প্রেসিডেন্ট ডোনাল্ড ট্রাম্পের।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

Three of the missiles were fired at the capital Riyadh on Sunday night, and an Egyptian man was killed when fragments landed in a suburb, officials say. Sunday was the third anniversary of the intervention by a Saudi-led coalition in the conflict in Yemen. The Houthis said they had been aiming at a number of locations, including Riyadh's international airport. The coalition accuses Iran of supplying the rebels with the missiles - a claim denied by Tehran, which says the launches are "independent actions". "This aggressive and hostile action by the Iran-backed Houthi group proves that the Iranian regime continues to support the armed group with military capabilities," said coalition spokesman Turki al-Malki. He added: "The firing of multiple ballistic missiles towards cities is a serious development." The other missiles were aimed at Khamis Mushait, Najran and Jazan, officials said. Videos posted online showed what appeared to be US-supplied Patriot missiles being fired towards them from a battery near King Khalid International Airport. Burning shrapnel from a missile struck a house in Riyadh's Umm al-Hammam district, killing Egyptian labourer Abdul Moteleb Ahmed, a 38-year-old father of two, according to AFP news agency. Two other people who were living in the same room as him were wounded. Amnesty International warned that launching indiscriminate attacks that endangered civilians could constitute a war crime. "A high death toll may have been averted, possibly due to the missiles being intercepted, but that doesn't let the Houthi armed group off the hook for this reckless and unlawful act," said Samah Hadid, the human rights group's Middle East deputy director for campaigns. Houthi rebels have fired dozens of missiles into Saudi Arabia in recent months. An attack that targeted Riyadh's airport on 4 November led to Saudi Arabia and its allies tightening their blockade of Yemen's air, sea and land borders. The coalition said it wanted to stop weapons being smuggled to the rebels, but the UN said the restrictions could trigger "the largest famine the world has seen for many decades". Although the coalition eased its restrictions on rebel-held ports after several weeks, the extended closures resulted in a sharp increase in prices of basic commodities, accelerating food insecurity and the collapse of already basic services. The UN says almost 10,000 people have been killed and 53,000 wounded since the coalition launched a military campaign to defeat the Houthis and restore the internationally-recognised government of President Abdrabbuh Mansour Hadi. The fighting and blockade have also left 22.2 million Yemenis in need of humanitarian assistance or protection - including 8.4 million who are severely food insecure. Almost 1.1 million suspected cases of cholera and 2,260 associated deaths have been reported since April 2017, while a rapidly-spreading diphtheria outbreak has infected 1,300 people and killed 75, according to the UN.

ইয়েমেন থেকে হুতি বিদ্রোহীদের ছুড়ে মারা সাতটি মিসাইল গুলি করে ভূপাতিত করেছে সৌদি আরব।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

A new report by the Defence Innovation Agency (DIA) said the visionaries will "propose scenarios of disruption" that military strategists may not think of. The team's highly confidential work will be important in the fight against "malicious elements", the report states. It comes amid efforts by the French to innovate its approaches to defence. An inventor piloted his jet-powered flyboard over crowds at Bastille Day military celebrations in Paris on Sunday. Tweeting after Franky Zapata stunned crowds, President Emmanuel Macron said: "Proud of our army, modern and innovative" with a video of the stunt. Who are the 'red team'? Comprised of just four or five sci-fi writers, the group will be expected to think more creatively than more traditional elements of the army. Through role play and other techniques, the team will attempt to imagine how terrorist organisations or foreign states could use advanced technology. French Defence Minister Florence Parly said the country "holds all the aces in this race" for military innovation. Also on display at the Bastille celebrations was the futuristic-looking Nerod F5 microwave jammer, a rifle-shaped weapon designed to target drones by blocking the pilot's signals. There have even been plans for robots to support French troops in Mali, with experiments currently underway. When sci-fi becomes reality The Moon landing: Jules Verne's 1865 novel From the Earth to the Moon depicted three people being sent to the Moon in a spacecraft from Florida - with some similarities to the actual mission 104 years later. Video phones: The first example of a video phone appearing on screens was in the 1927 film Metropolis, although it was considerably larger than the devices we see today. Atomic bomb: HG Wells predicted the atomic bomb in his 1914 novel The World Set Free - which featured "indefinitely" exploding bombs based on then-early atomic science.

বৈজ্ঞানিক কল্পকাহিনীর লেখকদের নিয়ে 'রেড টিম' নামের একটি বাহিনী তৈরি করতে যাচ্ছে ফরাসি সেনাবাহিনী, যাদের কাজ হবে ভবিষ্যতে হুমকি হতে পারে, এমন নানা বিষয় কল্পনা করে বের করা।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

The world's two most populous nations - with two of the planet's biggest military forces - have been at loggerheads for weeks along their long and contested high-altitude frontier. But the crisis escalated on Tuesday when the number of Indians killed in an extraordinary confrontation soared to 20 - they had died without a single shot being fired. India said both sides suffered casualties. China is yet to confirm its number of dead or injured. The site of the clash was on the de facto border - the Line of Actual Control or LAC - between the two countries. India and China share a border that is more than 3,440km (2,100 miles) long and have overlapping territorial claims. The Galwan river valley, with its harsh climate and high altitude terrain, lies along the western sector of the LAC and close to Aksai Chin, a disputed area claimed by India but controlled by China. Media reports say that troops clashed on ridges at nearly 14,000 feet high along steep terrain with some soldiers even falling into the fast flowing, 80km (50-mile) long Galwan river in sub-zero temperatures. On Tuesday evening, the Indian army confirmed that 17 of those who died "were critically injured in the line of duty at the stand-off location and exposed to sub-zero temperatures in the high altitude terrain". It is thought some of the soldiers succumbed to their wounds, unable to survive the freezing temperatures overnight. Ladakh, dotted with snow-capped peaks and arid valleys, is the highest plateau in India, located 3,000m (9,800ft) above sea level. It is a cold desert with temperatures touching -20C in winters. Vegetation is sparse in the loose, sandy soil, except along stream beds and wetlands, on some high slopes and some irrigated land. The main causes of death at the altitudes and temperatures found in Ladakh are frost bite, a condition called high altitude pulmonary oedema which occurs when lowlanders ascend rapidly to altitudes higher than 2,500m, and another medical condition called high altitude cerebral oedema, where the brain swells with fluid because of the physiological effects of travelling to a high altitude. Military experts say that the inhospitable region has traditionally been a peaceful area of the LAC. So what led to Tuesday's clash - the first in the Ladakh valley since 1962 when China defeated India in their only war? "The Galwan area has now become a hotspot because it is where the LAC is closest to the new road India has built along the most remote and vulnerable area along the LAC in Ladakh," Ajai Shukla, an Indian military expert who served as a colonel in the army, told the BBC in May. The road which is several hundred kilometres long, was built in 2019 and connects to a high-altitude forward air base that India has reactivated at Daulat Beg Oldi, reputed to be the world's highest landing ground. China is suspicious of India's construction in the area. The road could boost Delhi's capability to move men and materiel rapidly in case of a conflict. In May, media reports said Chinese forces had put up tents, dug trenches and moved heavy equipment several kilometres inside what had been regarded by India as its territory. Soldiers from the two sides earlier clashed on at least two occasions in Ladakh, with stand-offs and scuffles reported at Hot Springs; and Pangong Tso lake to the south. India and China are now holding talks, senior military officers said on Tuesday, to try to defuse tensions after Monday night's deadly fighting.

লাদাখের গালওয়ান নদী ঘেঁষা উপত্যকায় সোমবার রাতে চীনা সেনাবাহিনীর সাথে এক প্রাণঘাতী সংঘর্ষে ভারতের ২০জন সৈন্য নিহত হয়েছেন।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

His family have not heard from him since he left Interpol HQ in the French city of Lyon for a trip back to China on 25 September, officials said. "He did not disappear in France," a source close to the inquiry told AFP. The South China Morning Post quotes a source as saying Mr Meng, 64, was "taken away" for questioning in China. It is not clear why he was being investigated by "discipline authorities" or where he was being held, the Hong Kong-based newspaper adds. Officials in China have so far made no public comments on Mr Meng, a senior Communist Party official there. What is the French investigation looking at? It was opened after Mr Meng's wife went to police to report her husband missing. She was initially quoted by police sources as saying she has not heard from him since his departure on 29 September. But the French interior ministry later said the correct date was 25 September. "Exchanges with Chinese authorities continue," the ministry said. "France is puzzled about the situation of Interpol's president and concerned about the threats made to his wife." It did not provide any further details. Has Meng Hongwei angered China? Analysis by BBC Asia Editor Celia Hatton Meng Hongwei's disappearance seems to fit in with a now familiar pattern among China's senior Communist Party officials. The official in question suddenly drops out of the public eye and an alarm is raised that the person is "missing", usually by members of the public. Eventually, the party issues a terse statement that the official is "under investigation", the official is then booted from the party for "disciplinary infractions" and - eventually - a prison sentence is announced. Since Xi Jinping came to power in 2012, well over a million party officials have been disciplined in some way. Mr Meng's case is notable for a few reasons. First, his wife notified the French authorities after he had only been missing for a few days. Family members of missing party officials rarely, if ever, reach out to foreign authorities, in fear their relatives will face ever greater punishment. Did the wife do this because she felt there was no other option? Also, at one time, China prized Mr Meng's lofty position at Interpol. If he has really gone missing within the Chinese state apparatus, whom did he anger, or what could he have done for Beijing to willingly, and publicly, forfeit the top job at Interpol? How has Interpol reacted? In a statement, the organisation said it was aware of reports of the "alleged disappearance" of Mr Meng. "This is a matter for the relevant authorities in both France and China," it said. Interpol added that the secretary general - not the president - was in charge of the day-to-day running of the 192-member organisation. As president, Mr Meng leads the Executive Committee, which provides the overall guidance and direction to Interpol. Mr Meng's term is scheduled to run until 2020. Before taking over at Interpol, Meng Hongwei was deputy minister in charge of public security in China. After his election human rights groups expressed concern that the move could help China pursue political dissidents who have fled the country. Meng Hongwei Mr Meng said at the time that he was ready to do "everything he could towards the cause of policing in the world". Mr Meng has 40 years of experience in criminal justice and policing in China, notably in the fields of drugs, counter-terrorism and border control, according to Interpol. Interpol can issue a red notice - an international alert - for a wanted person. But it does not have the power to send officers into countries to arrest individuals or issue arrest warrants.

আন্তর্জাতিক পুলিশ সংস্থা ইন্টারপোলের প্রেসিডেন্ট মেং হংওয়ে চীনে যাবার পথে নিখোঁজ হয়ে গেছেন, এরকম একটি অভিযোগ পাবার পর তদন্ত শুরু করেছে ফরাসি পুলিশ।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

Being intubated and ventilated in intensive care turns out to be a long, rocky road. In Bradford, of the 49 Covid patients who have been admitted to our ICU so far, most have been placed on intubated ventilators. So far seven of these patients have come off ventilation. Mohammed Hussain, a criminal lawyer from Bradford, was one of the first. He is one of our success stories. The 51-year-old was unconscious for five weeks and was very disconcerted when he woke up in what looked like a science fiction film with everybody wearing visors and masks and gowns - he couldn't remember how he got there. He had entirely missed the month of April. "I remember them asking me to go on the Recovery trial to try certain drugs and I said 'Yes.' But that's my last memory until I was waking up weeks later," Mohammed told me. While under sedation, he dreamed that his family had experienced a terrorist attack. And when he came round he remained uneasy. "There was some paranoia to begin with. I thought, 'These people are trying to trick me. What's going on, what's all this about?'" This kind of delirium is quite normal for patients who wake up from critical care, says ICU consultant Dr Debbie Horner, clinical director for the anaesthetics and intensive care department. "It's common for patients to feel very suspicious and anxious about what's going on around them. You can understand it, people are telling you that it's more than a month later and everyone's wearing really strange clothes." Usually it's possible to give people advance warning before they get intubated, but Mohammed deteriorated quickly. He fell ill in March, following the funeral of his father, Noor, who was in his 90s. Noor Hussain had come over from Pakistan in the 1960s to work in the mills in Bradford. He raised his family here, but it was always his wish to be buried in Mirpur. "He was an old soldier who fought in the Second World War, in Burma, and he was a very determined man. He wanted to be buried next to his brother in Pakistan and I honoured that wish for him," Mohammed told me. Noor Hussain died on 10 March. The funeral gathering started that afternoon. It is a very large and respected family, so people travelled from across the UK - about 600 came to pay tribute at Bradford's Grand Mosque on the first day. The following day Mohammed flew to Pakistan with his father's body - his mum and his wife went with him. But back in Bradford, the funeral continued for another two days. On Thursday 12 March, 500 mourners came and shared a meal. About a week later, people began to fall ill with Covid-19. The first was Mohammed's cousin's 24-year-old son - one of the first Covid patients in Bradford to be admitted to ICU. Three further members of that household also developed symptoms, one of them also going to hospital. And other relatives were hospitalised too, both in Bradford and Oldham. It seems clear that someone at the funeral - possibly one of the mourners from Bradford, possibly one of the visitors from further afield - was infected with the coronavirus and that many people contracted it there. "If you start looking at the number of cases that have come from that funeral, it's easy to see how quickly it spread," says Mohammed's son, Haroon, a radiologist. "At the funeral you shake each other's hand and talk to people, you're very close. "The country went into lockdown shortly after, and the reports are coming out now that coronavirus was in the population for a significant period of time before we realised. So if you've got a gathering of people, it increases the chances that maybe one of them has it." Haroon can list eight family members who were hospitalised and three who died. We have seen other patients who became ill after funerals and family gatherings in this same period, just before the lockdown. It's the close physical contact - hugging and shaking hands - that seems to create such a high rate of transmission. For the same reason, weddings and parties are also super-spreading events. By the time Mohammed returned home from Pakistan on 18 March, Haroon and his brother, who live with their parents, had symptoms too. "We tried to distance ourselves," says Haroon. "But when you're living in one household that's nigh-on impossible - there's only a certain number of bathrooms, there's only one fridge, one kitchen." Mohammed was concerned about catching the virus because he is asthmatic, but that Saturday he developed symptoms. He stayed home for nine days, getting progressively worse, until his sons called 999. "We walked him into the ambulance," says Haroon. "That was a very emotional moment as we couldn't go with him and we didn't know when we would see him again." When Mohammed arrived at Bradford Royal Infirmary, he saw his uncle in the waiting room, also wearing an oxygen mask. Sadly, he has since died. Front line diary Prof John Wright, a doctor and epidemiologist, is head of the Bradford Institute for Health Research, and a veteran of cholera, HIV and Ebola epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa. He is writing this diary for BBC News and recording from the hospital wards for BBC Radio. Mohammed was intubated and put on a ventilator. "During that time, people are deeply sedated and their muscles are paralysed with medicines to allow the oxygen to get into the body," says Debbie Horner. Twice a day, Mohammed was proned, turned from front to back, to try and get as much oxygen into his body as possible by stimulating different bits of the lungs. This was done by a team of radiologists who volunteer to do this - they call themselves the Ratters - the Radiology Turning Team. At the start of this crisis, Covid-19 was thought to be primarily a lung disease where the life-saving treatment would be intubated ventilation, with patients sedated in intensive care. As the weeks have passed, clinicians have increasingly turned to less invasive ventilators called CPAP machines, which blow oxygen into the lungs, keeping them inflated - at Bradford we were using them from an early stage of the epidemic and putting patients on them at an earlier stage of their illness than some other hospitals. Predictions in March were that 30% of patients would be on ventilators in intensive care units. As it's turned out, it's less than 20% nationally and less than 10% in Bradford, suggesting that this early and less invasive treatment is effective. "I genuinely believe we've managed to pitch it right here," says Dr Tom Lawton, a consultant in critical care. "By using simple machines that are designed to make it all as easy as possible, and having brilliant staff that are prepared to jump in and do everything - even care that they're not used to delivering in that kind of environment - we haven't brought as many people to intensive care as we thought we would. And yet, our patients don't seem to have suffered as a result." Preliminary data shows the death rate of Bradford Royal Infirmary is 23%, that's lower than national figures. However in ICU the death rate is 50%, in line with other ICU rates. Once out of intensive care, Mohammed Hussain began a slow process of rehabilitation on a stroke ward. His shoulder was damaged during proning and he needed additional physio - he couldn't move his right arm much and so it was difficult for him to feed himself. He is full of gratitude. "Believe me, the people who work in ICU, in this crisis, putting themselves at risk, they are the most amazing people," he says. "It's not just the medical treatment, but it's the human touch. It's the depth of the conversations, the genuine interest and how you develop relationships. It contributes massively towards you getting better. "I remember when I was first taken upstairs on the ward, this poor doctor was running various tests and he went to get me a drink - he brought me pineapple juice. It was like a drink from heaven. "Sometimes the enormity of what we've been through affects me and makes me emotional." During the five weeks that his dad was unconscious, Haroon kept everyone updated via Whatsapp. "There were so many people worried about him," he says. "My dad is incredibly well-known in the community and the messages were going to hundreds of people throughout the world. Everywhere you go, you meet people who my dad has helped." Looking through the replies from his hospital bed, Mohammed spotted a theme: "Oh, he's too stubborn, he's too tough, he'll be all right…" "I didn't know that's how I was viewed by people," he says. But Haroon isn't having it. "You did know that, that's a lie!" Mohammed finally left hospital on Tuesday, to a standing ovation from ward staff. I think one of one of the things that we didn't really do right at the start was celebrate those successes of patients leaving the ward - you tend to focus on the more tragic cases. So we have got better at that, and every patient that is discharged now, is a source of great joy. A couple of days ago Haroon updated us on what happened next. "When I went to collect him from the hospital I didn't tell the rest of the family. I called them all down saying I needed to speak to them, and there was Dad sitting in his armchair. It was an amazing moment, just phenomenal, to have him home. "He's just been out in the garden for the first time today and he was elated. He gets very tired very quickly so it's a slow process, but he's surrounded by love." And Haroon's mum has now returned from Pakistan, so the family is together again. They're overjoyed. Follow @docjohnwright and radio producer @SueM1tchell on Twitter Correction 19th May 2020: An earlier version of this article wrongly included a picture of the Central Mosque Bradford in Westgate. This has been removed and the article amended to make clear that the funeral of Noor Hussain took place at the Bradford Grand Mosque. You may also be interested in: Government advisers have been considering since March whether to include loss of smell among the criteria for deciding whether someone has Covid-19. Evidence that it is one of the symptoms is already strong and some scientists argue this is now an urgent step, as the lockdown is eased. Why hasn't the UK listed loss of smell as a symptom of Covid-19?

মার্চ মাসে – ইংল্যান্ডে করোনাভাইরাসজনিত লকডাউন শুরু হবার আগে – ব্র্যাডফোর্ড শহরে মারা গিয়েছিলেন ১৯৬০এর দশকে পাকিস্তান থেকে ব্রিটেনে আসা নূর হোসেন। তার পরিবার যে জানাজার আয়োজন করেছিল - তাতে সমাগম হয়েছিল বহু লোকের। দু:খজনকভাবে সেই জানাজায় আসা অনেকের মধ্যে করোনাভাইরাস সংক্রমণ ঘটে। নূর হোসেনের পরিবারের তিন জন মারা যান, গুরুতর অসুস্থ হলেো শেষ পর্যন্ত বেঁচে যান নূর হোসেনের ছেলে মোহাম্মদ। তার সেরে ওঠার কাহিনি বিবিসির কাছে বর্ণনা করেছেন স্থানী য় হাসপাতালের ডাক্তার জন রাইট।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

The man, known as Yarlen, had been on the run for years. Authorities were first alerted when they found sloth bear carcasses without genitals in a national park. The nomadic Pardhi-Behelia tribe he is part of believe the animal's penis is an aphrodisiac, said Ritesh Sirothia of the Madhya Pradesh Forest Department. But Yarlen, who was arrested on 19 October in the state of Gujarat, was also a major figure in the tiger poaching trade in central India, he said. He was a suspect in several cases involving the poaching and trading of endangered wild animals, including tigers, in central and western India. He is alleged to have used several different identities to evade capture. Yarlen is yet to be charged and neither he nor a lawyer have commented on the allegations. He was produced in court on Wednesday and remanded in custody. "We created a special cell to track him down and arrest him. It was our longest chase, it went on for six years," said Mr Sirothia, who heads the forest department's special task force. Found in the southern parts of Madhya Pradesh, the Pardhi-Behelia tribe has traditionally lived in forests and depended on hunting for survival. Hunting of wild animals is illegal in India, including for tribal communities, though ritual forest hunting continues. The Indian government says it is working to provide alternative livelihoods to tribespeople but many continue to live on the fringes of society. Yarlen was first arrested in 2013 after police found two sloth bear carcasses from the Kanha national park missing genitalia and gall bladders. He spent a year in jail before being freed on bail and going on the run, police said. Bear bile, which is produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for hundreds of years and fetches a high price in the illegal international market. Mr Sirothia said there were six cases registered against Yarlen in the states of Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh under Cites (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). Three of the cases involve the poaching of tigers.

ভারতের পুলিশ এক কুখ্যাত সন্দেহভাজন পশু চোরকে গ্রেপ্তার করতে সফল হয়েছে বলে জানিয়েছে। ধৃত ব্যক্তি বিপন্ন ভারতীয় শ্লথ প্রজাতির ভালুক অবৈধভাবে শিকার করতো এবং তার যৌনাঙ্গ খেত। তার বক্তব্য ছিল এই ভালুক ''খুবই মহার্ঘ শিকার''।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

By Frank GardnerBBC security correspondent It has sent a mission to Mars; struck a historic peace deal with Israel; and managed to get sufficiently ahead of the curve on Covid-19 that the former British protectorate has retooled factories and sent Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to the UK by the planeload. It has also found itself embroiled in a costly strategic struggle for influence with Turkey as it stretches its tentacles as far afield as Libya, Yemen and Somalia. So with its 50th anniversary since its independence coming up next year, what exactly is the UAE's global game and who's driving it? Chance meeting It's May 1999 and the Kosovo war has been raging for over a year. I am standing at a wash basin inside a makeshift hut at a well-defended camp on the Albanian-Kosovo border, a place packed with Kosovar refugees. The camp has been set up by the Emirates Red Crescent Society and the Emiratis have arrived with a full coterie of cooks, halal butchers, telecoms engineers, an imam, and a contingent of troops who are patrolling the perimeter in desert-camouflage Humvees mounted with heavy machine-guns. We had flown up the previous day from Tirana in Puma helicopters flown by UAE Air Force pilots through the twisting, rugged ravines of north-east Albania. The man now brushing his teeth at the basin next to me is tall, bearded, bespectacled. I recognise him as Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed, a graduate of Britain's Royal Military Academy Sandhurst and the driving force behind the UAE's expanding military role. Could we do a TV interview, I ask? He is not keen, but agrees. The UAE, he explains, has entered into a strategic partnership with France. As part of a deal to buy 400 French Leclerc tanks, the French are taking a brigade of Emirati troops "under their wing", training them up in France to deploy alongside them in Kosovo. For a country that had only gained its independence less than 30 years earlier it was a bold move. There, in that remote corner of the Balkans, we were more than 2,000 miles (3,200 km) from Abu Dhabi, yet the UAE clearly had ambitions far beyond the shores of the Gulf. It had become the first modern Arab state to deploy its military in Europe, in support of Nato. 'Little Sparta' Next came Afghanistan. Unknown to most of the UAE's population, Emirati forces began quietly operating alongside Nato there soon after the fall of the Taliban in a move sanctioned by the now Abu Dhabi Crown Prince Mohammed Bin Zayed. In 2008, I visited a contingent of their special forces at Bagram Airbase and saw how they operated. Travelling in Brazilian and South African armoured vehicles, they would drive into a remote and impoverished Afghan village, distribute free Korans and boxes of sweets, then sit down with the elders. "What do you need?" they would ask. "A mosque, a school, wells drilled for drinking water?" The UAE would put up the money while the contracts went out to local tender. The Emiratis' footprint was small, but wherever they went they used money and religion to try to reduce the widespread local suspicion of the often heavy-handed Nato forces. In Helmand province they also fought alongside British forces in some intense firefights. The former US Defence Secretary, Jim Mattis, later dubbed the UAE "Little Sparta", in reference to this relatively little-known country, with a population of less than 10 million, punching well above its weight. Yemen: A damaged reputation Then came Yemen and a military campaign that has been fraught with difficulties. When Saudi Arabia's Prince Mohammed bin Salman took his country into Yemen's disastrous civil war in 2015, the UAE joined in, sending its F-16 fighters to conduct air strikes against the Houthi rebels and sending its troops to the south. In the summer of 2018 it landed troops on the strategic Yemeni island of Socotra and amassed an assault force at a leased base at Assab in Eritrea, baulking at the last minute from sending them across the Red Sea to retake the port of Hudaydah from the Houthis. The war in Yemen has now dragged on for almost six years, there are no clear winners and the Houthis remain firmly entrenched in the capital, Sanaa, and much of the country. The UAE's forces have taken casualties, including more than 50 in a single missile strike, resulting in three days of national mourning back home. The UAE's reputation has also been damaged by its association with some unsavoury local militias linked to al-Qaeda and reports from human rights campaigners that UAE associates locked dozens of prisoners inside a shipping container, where they suffocated to death in the heat. Israel: A new alliance The UAE has since reduced its involvement in Yemen's inconclusive and destructive conflict, but it continues to stretch its military tentacles far and wide in a controversial bid to push back Turkey's growing influence across the region. So while Turkey has a substantial presence in the Somali capital Mogadishu, the UAE is supporting the breakaway territory of Somaliland and has built a base at Berbera on the Gulf of Aden. In war-torn Libya, the UAE has joined Russia and Egypt in supporting the forces of Khalifa Haftar in the East against those in the West who are supported by Turkey, Qatar and others. This September, the UAE sent ships and fighter jets to the island of Crete for joint exercises with Greece, as that country squared up for a possible confrontation with Turkey over drilling rights in the eastern Mediterranean. And now, after a sudden, dramatic announcement from the White House, there is a wide-reaching UAE-Israel alliance, putting an official seal on years of covert co-operation. (Like Saudi Arabia, the UAE has been quietly acquiring intrusive Israeli-made surveillance software to keep an eye on its citizens). While the alliance embraces a wide spectrum of healthcare, biotech, cultural and trade initiatives, it also has the potential to create a formidable strategic military and security relationship, harnessing Israel's cutting-edge technology with the UAE's bottomless pockets and global aspirations. The two countries' common enemy, Iran, has condemned the accord, as have Turkey and the Palestinians, accusing the UAE of betraying Palestinian aspirations for an independent state. Reaching for the stars Abu Dhabi's ambitions do not end there. With US help, it has become the first Arab nation to send a mission to Mars. In a $200m (£156m; 170m euros) programme dubbed "Hope", its spacecraft is already hurtling through space at 126,000km/h (78,000mph) after taking off from a remote Japanese island. It is due to reach its destination, 495 million km away, in February. Once there, it will map the atmospheric gases that surround the red planet, sending the data back to Earth. "We want to be a global player," says the UAE's Minister of State for Foreign Affairs, Anwar Gargash. "We want to break barriers and we need to take some strategic risks to break these barriers." However, there are concerns that by moving so fast and so far, the UAE risks overreaching itself. "There's little doubt the UAE is the [Arab] region's most effective military power," says Gulf analyst Michael Stephens. "They are able to deploy forces far overseas in ways that other Arab states simply cannot do. But they are also limited by size and capacity, and taking on so many problems at once is risky, and in the long run could end up backfiring."

চলতি ২০২০ সালে মধ্যপ্রাচ্যের যে দেশটি বিশ্ববাসীর সবচেয়ে বেশি নজর কেড়েছে তা নিঃসন্দেহে সংযুক্ত আরব আমিরাত বা ইউএই। ক্ষুদ্র, কিন্তু অত্যন্ত ধনী উপসাগরীয় এই রাজতন্ত্রটির একের পর এক রাজনৈতিক এবং সামরিক উচ্চাভিলাষ বিস্ময়ের সৃষ্টি করছে।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

Tens of thousands of people defied a heavy police presence to join some of the largest rallies against President Vladimir Putin in years. In Moscow, riot police were seen beating and dragging away protesters. Mr Navalny, President Putin's most high-profile critic, called for protests after his arrest last Sunday. He was detained after he flew back to Moscow from Berlin, where he had been recovering from a near-fatal nerve agent attack in Russia last August. On his return, he was immediately taken into custody and found guilty of violating parole conditions. He says it is a trumped-up case designed to silence him. OVD Info, an independent NGO that monitors rallies, said about 3,100 people had been detained, more than 1,200 of them in Moscow alone. The Kremlin has not commented. Protester: 'I'm tired of being afraid' The unauthorised demonstrations were held in about 100 cities and towns from Russia's Far East and Siberia to Moscow and St Petersburg. Protesters ranged from teenage students to elderly people who demanded Mr Navalny's release. At least 40,000 people joined a rally in central Moscow, Reuters news agency estimated. But Russia's interior ministry put the number of protesters at 4,000. Observers say the scale of the demonstrations across the country was unprecedented while the protest in the capital was the largest in almost a decade. In the city's Pushkin square, some protesters chanted "Freedom to Navalny" and "Putin go away!" One woman told the BBC she had decided to join the demonstration because "Russia has been turned into a prison camp". Sergei Radchenko, a 53-year-old protester in Moscow, told Reuters: "I'm tired of being afraid. I haven't just turned up for myself and Navalny, but for my son because there is no future in this country." Lyubov Sobol, a prominent aide of Mr Navalny who had already been fined for urging Russians to join the protests, tweeted a video of police roughly pulling her away from an interview with reporters. Mr Navalny's wife, Yulia, was briefly held at the rally. She posted an image on her Instagram account with the caption: "Apologies for the poor quality. Very bad light in the police van." Some protesters marched on the high-security prison where Mr Navalny is being held, and many were arrested. Meanwhile, one independent news source, Sota, said at least 3,000 people had joined a demonstration in the city of Vladivostok, but local authorities there put the figure at 500. AFP footage showed riot police running into a crowd, and beating some of the protesters with batons. In the Siberian city of Yakutsk, attendees at a small protest saw temperatures dip as low as -50C (-58F). Prior to the rallies, Russian authorities had promised a tough crackdown. Several of Mr Navalny's close aides, including his spokeswoman Kira Yarmysh, were arrested earlier in the week. His supporters called for more protests next weekend. Alexei Navalny: The basics Mobile phones and internet disrupted There were reports of disruption to mobile phone and internet coverage on Saturday, though it is not known if this was related to the protests. The social media app TikTok had been flooded with videos promoting the demonstrations and sharing viral messages about Mr Navalny. In response, Russia's official media watchdog, Roskomnadzor, demanded that TikTok take down any information "encouraging minors to act illegally", threatening large fines. The education ministry had told parents not to allow their children to attend any demonstrations. In a push to gain support ahead of the protests, Mr Navalny's team released a video about a luxury Black Sea resort that they allege belongs to President Putin - an accusation denied by the Kremlin. The video has been watched by more than 65 million people. The UK Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab, condemned the "use of violence against peaceful protesters and journalists" on Saturday, calling on the authorities to release those detained during peaceful demonstrations. The US state department condemned what it called "harsh tactics" used against protesters and journalists, saying: "We call on Russian authorities to release all those detained for exercising their universal rights and for the immediate and unconditional release of Aleksey Navalny". The EU foreign policy chief, Josep Borrell, said the bloc's foreign ministers would discuss the Russian crackdown on Monday. "I deplore widespread detentions, disproportionate use of force, cutting down internet and phone connections."

রাশিয়ায় কারাদণ্ডপ্রাপ্ত বিরোধী নেতা অ্যালেক্সেই নাভালনির সমর্থনে হওয়া বিক্ষোভে যোগ দেয়ায় ৩ হাজারের বেশি মানুষকে পুলিশ গ্রেফতার করেছে বলে জানিয়েছেন পর্যবেক্ষকরা।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

The British government announced plans to expel the Russian diplomats as part of its response to the Salisbury nerve agent attack. But why do countries expel diplomats? And what happens when a diplomat is told to leave the country? Why do countries expel diplomats? Diplomats around the world are granted immunity in their host country - meaning they cannot be prosecuted there. However, their right to stay in the host country can be withdrawn if they break the law, upset the host nation - or in the event of a diplomatic crisis, as between the UK and Russia right now. The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations governs how states interact. Under article 9 of the convention, the host country can "at any time and for any reason" declare a person to be persona non grata - unwelcome in their country. Who decides who goes? The host government decides which diplomats go and which ones stay. The British ambassador was summoned by Russia on Saturday, and had to go and break the news to his staff. This is what the UK did to the Russian ambassador, and what has happened in the past. However John Everard, former UK ambassador to North Korea, says there is "no fixed way of telling diplomats" who stays and who goes. Countries can summon the ambassador or issue a formal diplomatic note, he says. There is no law governing how to do it. Patric Duddy, Former US ambassador to Venezuela, was back in Washington in 2008 when he was phoned by the US state department and told he could not return to his host nation - then-President Hugo Chavez had announced his expulsion on the news. What happens when a diplomat is told to leave? You leave, whenever the host country tells you to leave. Refusing to go is a breach of international treaties and could spark a major crisis. "There's no bucking that," says Sir Christopher Meyer, former British ambassador to the US. "They have to meet our deadlines, we have to meet theirs." While Russia has given the UK a week for its diplomats to leave, sometimes the time can be far less - 72 hours or even 24 hours. In the 1960s, one British insurance firm even offered a policy to protect diplomats against sudden expulsion from Moscow. Mr Everard, also never expelled himself, compares it to being told to move by a major transnational corporation. "You won't do any work that week," he says, with children's schooling one of the major issues to consider. "You say goodbye to as many friends and colleagues as you can manage, and if you are lucky you throw a party at the end of it." The Russians being expelled from the UK seem to have found time to do this. There is no official Foreign Office guidance to its staff about what to do in the event of expulsion, although Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson tweeted on Saturday that his priority now was "supporting those staff [who are] returning to the UK". Can staff ever go back? Sir Christopher was also never expelled himself, but he did work as a diplomat in the Soviet Union. He explains it is "very rare" for a person to return to the host country once declared persona non grata. Saying that though, he did know of someone who was able to go back to Russia after expulsion, applying and winning a posting there years later. "There is no statutory period," he says. "But it's not common." What happens on your return? Expelled diplomats are not left waiting for the chance to return - they are reassigned "in due course", says Sir Christopher, even if they have specialised in one niche language. "Most diplomats have a specialisation in one so-called 'hard language'," he says. "But you are expected to have broad knowledge." "It doesn't mean you can't bring other skills to the Foreign Office."

যুক্তরাজ্যের ২৩ জন রুশ কূটনেতিককে বহিষ্কারের প্রেক্ষিতে ২০টির বেশী দেশ মোট ১০০র বেশী রুশ কূটনৈতিক বহিষ্কার করার ঘোষণা দিয়েছে।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

The total number of infections leapt 25% to 7,375 from 5,883, according to the Civil Protection agency. The jump in figures comes as millions adapt to radical measures introduced on Sunday in an attempt to contain the outbreak. Up to 16 million people in Lombardy and 14 provinces need special permission to travel under new quarantine rules. Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte also announced the closure of schools, gyms, museums, nightclubs and other venues across the whole country. The restrictions will last until 3 April. The latest figures mean Italy now has the highest number of confirmed infections outside China, where the outbreak originated in December. It has overtaken South Korea, where the total number of cases is nearing 7,400. Italy has one of the world's oldest populations. The virus is particularly dangerous for the elderly and those with underlying health conditions. Among the latest people to test positive in Italy is the army's chief of staff. Salvatore Farina said he felt well and was self-isolating. The strict new quarantine measures affect a quarter of the Italian population and centre on the rich northern part of the country that powers its economy. The health system is under immense strain in Lombardy, a northern region of 10 million people, where people are being treated in hospital corridors. "We want to guarantee the health of our citizens. We understand that these measures will impose sacrifices, sometimes small and sometimes very big," Prime Minister Conte said as he announced the measures in the middle of Saturday night. Under the new measures, people are not supposed to be able to enter or leave Lombardy, where Milan is the main city. The same restrictions apply to 14 provinces: Modena, Parma, Piacenza, Reggio Emilia, Rimini, Pesaro and Urbino, Alessandria, Asti, Novara, Verbano Cusio Ossola, Vercelli, Padua, Treviso and Venice. The UK Foreign Office advises against all but essential travel to these areas. Some transport in and out of the regions affected continued on Sunday. Flights still arrived at Milan's Malpensa and Linate airports, though some scheduled flights were cancelled. However, Italy's national carrier Alitalia said it would suspend all operations from Malpensa from Monday and Linate would only serve domestic routes. International flights would continue to and from Rome. The World Health Organization (WHO) chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus praised Italy for making "genuine sacrifices" with the restrictions. Until Sunday only about 50,000 people in northern Italy had been affected by quarantines. Last week the government announced the closure of all schools and universities across the country for 10 days. What is the situation elsewhere? The number of infections worldwide is more than 107,000, with about 3,600 deaths. Most of the fatalities have been in China. But the country on Monday reported no new locally transmitted infection outside of Hubei province, where the outbreak began, for the second consecutive day. Although this indicates that the spread there is slowing, senior officials warned against reducing vigilance. In South Korea officials reported the lowest number of new cases in two weeks. Iran, one of the worst hotspots outside China, has now confirmed 6,566 infections and 194 deaths. However, the real figure is feared to be much higher. One report on Sunday, quoting a government envoy, said there had been 200 deaths in the northern Gilan province alone - but the figures were later removed. In France, the virus is spreading among MPs. Two more members of the National Assembly have tested positive, officials said late on Sunday. In total four deputies have been infected. Also on Sunday France reported 1,126 cases, a 19% increase in a day and the second largest number of infections in Europe after Italy. The French government has banned gatherings of more than 1,000 people. In other developments: In the US more than 500 people have been diagnosed with Covid-19 in 30 of the country's 50 states, and the death toll is 21. Among other countries to report a rise in the total number of cases are: Germany (939); Spain (589); the UK (273); the Netherlands (265). Albania, Bulgaria, Colombia, Costa Rica, the Maldives, Malta, and Paraguay have, meanwhile, all reported their first cases. meanwhile, all reported their first cases. You might be interested in watching: Have you or someone you know been affected by coronavirus? Share your experiences by emailing [email protected]. Please include a contact number if you are willing to speak to a BBC journalist. You can also contact us in the following ways:

ইতালিতে করোনাভাইরাসে আক্রান্ত হয়ে একদিনেই মারা গেছে ১৩৩ জন। এ নিয়ে মোট মৃতের সংখ্যা দাঁড়ালো ৩৬৬ জনে। দেশটির কর্তৃপক্ষ এখবর নিশ্চিত করেছে।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

Just over 70% of revenues came from oil last year but it has been hit by falling prices. One part of the plan will see shares sold in state-owned oil giant Aramco to create a sovereign wealth fund. Announcing the reforms, Deputy Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman described his country as being addicted to oil. Saudis react on social media The Vision 2030 plan, he told the Saudi-owned Al-Arabiya news channel, would ensure "we can live without oil by 2020". Among the reforms he announced in his interview were: Even just selling 1% of Aramco would create the biggest initial public offering in history, the prince said, outstripping blockbuster sales like Facebook and Alibaba. The IMF called the Saudi plan an "ambitious, far-reaching effort" but warned implementation would be a challenge. The cost of oil: analysis by Andrew Walker, BBC economics correspondent Oil has made Saudi Arabia a major economic force. But it comes at a cost. The short-term problem is the volatile price of crude oil, which is now less than half what it was in mid-2014. Saudi Arabia has deep pockets. It will not go running to the International Monetary Fund for financial help, something another oil exporter, Angola, has done. But the Saudi reserves are eroding and with almost three quarters of government revenue coming from oil, the price fall is making itself felt. For the long term, international efforts to combat climate change create huge uncertainty about demand for oil in the future. Oil will not lose its dominance of the market for transport fuel in the next few years, but further ahead the outlook is unknown. So Saudi Arabia needs to become less dependent on oil for government revenue and for the jobs and incomes of Saudi nationals. Oil prices are still less than half the peak of $115 a barrel seen in June 2014. But the prince said the reforms would go ahead regardless of prices. "The vision has nothing to do with crude prices," he said. "If the oil price goes back up it would greatly support the vision but it does not need high prices. We can deal with the lowest prices possible." In an interview with Bloomberg last week, Prince Mohammed said taxes on luxury goods and sugary drinks could also be introduced. However, he said it was crucial that the programme would not leave the country's poor worse off. The prince is second-in-line to the Saudi throne and also serves as defence minister. Vast oil revenues have allowed the Saudi government to offer generous subsidies on utilities to its population. But some of these were cut last year in response to falling oil prices. Over the weekend King Salman sacked the country's water minister amid outrage at rising utility prices.

সৌদি আরবের মন্ত্রিসভা ব্যাপক অর্থনৈতিক সংস্কারের এক প্রস্তাব অনুমোদন করেছে যার মধ্য দিয়ে তেল বিক্রির ওপর দেশটির নির্ভরশীলতার অবসান ঘটবে।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

Soutik BiswasIndia correspondent Last summer was one of the bloodiest in the Muslim-dominated valley in recent years. Following the killing of influential militant Burhan Wani by Indian forces last July, more than 100 civilians lost their lives in clashes during a four-month-long security lockdown in the valley. It's not looking very promising this summer. This month's parliamentary election in Srinagar was scarred by violence and a record-low turnout of voters. To add fuel to the fire, graphic social videos surfaced claiming to show abuses by security forces and young people who oppose Indian rule. A full-blown protest by students has now erupted on the streets; and, in a rare sight, even schoolgirls are throwing stones and hitting police vehicles. Chief Minister Mehbooba Mufti, who leads an awkward ruling coalition with the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), rushed to Delhi on Monday to urge the federal government to "announce a dialogue and show reconciliatory gestures". Reports say Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Home Minister Rajnath Singh told her that they could not "offer a dialogue with separatists and other restive groups in the valley" while fierce violence and militant attacks continued. Former chief minister and leader of the regional National Conference party Farooq Abdullah warned India that it was "losing Kashmir". What Mr Abdullah suggested was unexceptionable: the government should begin talking with the stakeholders - Pakistan, the separatists, mainstream parties, the minority Kashmiri Hindus - and start "thinking of not a military solution, but a political way". With more than 500,000 security forces in the region, India is unlikely to lose territory in Kashmir. But Shekhar Gupta, a leading columnist, says that while Kashmir is "territorially secure, we are fast losing it emotionally and psychologically". The abysmal 7% turnout in the Srinagar poll proved that "while your grip on the land is firm, you are losing its people". So what is new about Kashmir that is worrying India and even provoking senior army officials to admit that the situation is fragile? For one, a more reckless and alienated younger generation of local youth is now leading the anti-India protests. More than 60% of the men in the valley are under 30. Many of them are angry and confused. Five things to know about Kashmir Ajaz, a 19-year-old student in Budgam, told me that hope had evaporated for his generation "in face of Indian oppression" and he and his friends did not "fear death". When I took him aside after a while to ask about his ambitions in life, he said he wanted to become a bureaucrat and serve Kashmir. "It is wrong to say that the Kashmiri youth has become fearless. He just feels alienated, sidelined and humiliated. When he feels like that, fear takes a backseat, and he becomes reckless. This is irrational behaviour," National Conference leader Junaid Azim Mattoo told me. Secondly, the new younger militants are educated and come from relatively well-off families. Wani, the militant who was killed last July, headed a prominent rebel group and came from a highly-educated upper-class Kashmiri family: his father is a government school teacher. Wani's younger brother, Khalid, who was killed by security forces in 2013, was a student of political science. The new commander of the rebel group, Zakir Rashid Bhat, studied engineering in the northern Indian city of Chandigarh. Thirdly, the two-year-old ruling alliance, many say, has been unable to deliver on its promises. An alliance between a regional party which advocates soft separatism (PDP) and a federal Hindu nationalist party (BJP), they believe, makes for the strangest bedfellows, hobbled by two conflicting ideologies trying to work their way together in a contested, conflicted land. Fourthly, the government's message on Kashmir appears to be backfiring. When Mr Modi recently said the youth in Kashmir had to choose between terrorism and tourism, many Kashmiris accused him of trivialising their "protracted struggle". When BJP general secretary Ram Madhav told a newspaper that his government "would have choked" the valley people if it was against them, many locals said it was proof of the government's arrogance. Fifth, the shrill anti-Muslim rhetoric by radical Hindu groups and incidents of cow protection vigilantes attacking Muslim cattle traders in other parts of India could end up further polarising people in the valley. "The danger," a prominent leader told me, "is that the moderate Kashmiri Muslim is becoming sidelined, and he is being politically radicalised." The security forces differ and say they are actually worried about rising "religious radicalisation" among the youth in the valley. A top army official in Kashmir, Lt-Gen JS Sadhu, told a newspaper that the "public support to terrorists, their glorification and increased radicalisation are issues of concern". One army official told me that religious radicalisation was a "bigger challenge than stone pelting protesters". He said some 3,000 Saudi-inspired Wahhabi sect mosques had sprung up in Kashmir in the past decade. Most Kashmiris say the government should be more worried about "political radicalisation" of the young, and that fears of religious radicalisation were exaggerated and overblown. Also, the low turnout in this month's elections has rattled the region's mainstream parties. "If mainstream politics is delegitimised and people refuse to vote for them, the vacuum will be obviously filled up with a disorganised mob-led constituency," Mr Mattoo of the National Conference said. In his memoirs, Amarjit Singh Daulat, the former chief of India's spy agency RAW wrote that "nothing is constant; least of all Kashmir". But right now, the anomie and anger of the youth, and a worrying people's revolt against Indian rule, appear to be the only constants.

ভারতের সবচেয়ে অশান্ত এলাকা কাশ্মীরে আবারও এসেছে গ্রীষ্মকাল। ভাষ্যকাররা যাকে দেখছেন "সহিংসতার আরেকটি গ্রীষ্মকাল" হিসেবে। আর একই সাথে আবার ফিরে এসেছে সেই প্রশ্নটি: কাশ্মীর কি ভারতের হাতছাড়া হতে চলেছে? আর এই প্রশ্নের উত্তর খোঁজার চেষ্টা করেছেন বিবিসি নিউজ অনলাইনের ভারত সংবাদদাতা সৌতিক বিশ্বাস:

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

Senior police officials in Sangli district said the remains were "buried with the intention of disposing them". The police told the BBC that they found the foetuses while they were investigating the death of a woman who had undergone an illegal abortion. Activists say the incident proves yet again that female foeticide is rampant in India despite awareness campaigns. The police said that the woman had died in a "botched abortion", and they were looking for the foetus near a local hospital when they made the grisly discovery. "It appears to be an abortion racket. We have arrested the husband of the woman, and have launched a manhunt for the doctor who has gone missing," Dattatray Shinde, superintendent of police, told the BBC. Similar cases have come to light in the past. Eight female foetuses were found in 2012 in a plastic bag near a lake in Indore city in the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. In June 2009, 15 female foetuses were found in drains in Maharashtra's Beed district. Dr Ganesh Rakh, who campaigns to save the female child and appeared in the BBC's Unsung Indians series, said the recent case proves that illegal sex determination and abortion was still practised in India. "This is horrifying. Female foeticide is happening at the scale of a genocide in India. This case proves that people still prefer boys and girls are still unwanted," he said. "I think abortions were happening on a large scale in Sangli. Once the doctor is arrested, I fear we will find more aborted female foetuses." Sex-selective abortion and sex-determination tests are illegal in India, where there is a widespread social preference for boys.

ভারতের মহারাষ্ট্র রাজ্যের পুলিশ এক হাসপাতালের কাছে এক গর্তের মধ্যে গর্ভপাত করা ১৯টি মেয়ে শিশুর ভ্রূণ খুঁজে পেয়েছে।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

With nearly all ballots counted, main opposition party candidate Ekrem Imamoglu had a lead of 775,000 votes, a huge increase on the margin of 13,000 he achieved in the earlier election. That victory in March was annulled after the AKP alleged irregularities. The result ends 25 years of AKP rule in Istanbul. The AKP's candidate, former Prime Minister Binali Yildirim, conceded to his opponent. On Twitter, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan wrote: "I congratulate Ekrem Imamoglu who has won the election based on preliminary results." Mr Erdogan had previously said that "whoever wins Istanbul, wins Turkey". He has ruled the country since 2003 both as prime minister and now president, becoming the most powerful leader since Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the modern Turkish republic. In his victory speech, Mr Imamoglu, of the Republican People's Party (CHP), said the result marked a "new beginning" for both the city and the country. He said his supporters had "fixed democracy". "We are opening up a new page in Istanbul," he said. "On this new page, there will be justice, equality, love." He added that he was willing to work with Mr Erdogan, saying: "Mr President, I am ready to work in harmony with you." With 99% of votes counted, Mr Imamoglu had 54% of the vote and Mr Yildirim 45%. The vultures are already circling for Mr Erdogan. His predecessor as president is preparing to launch a breakaway party, as is a former prime minister. That will bleed support from the president's now-declining voter base. As Mr Erdogan's authoritarianism has grown, his inner circle has shrunk. He does not have an obvious heir - his son-in-law, the current finance minister, has little of his charisma. The party Mr Erdogan founded and has built up could be crippled without him. Whispers will now grow louder about the beginning of the president's end. But even if it comes - and nobody here underestimates his ability to bounce back - unpicking a quarter of a century of Erdoganism would take far longer. Read more from Mark Who were the candidates? Mr Imamoglu, 49, is the mayor of Istanbul's Beylikduzu district but his name was barely known before he ran in the March election. Mr Yildirim was a founding member of Mr Erdogan's AKP and was prime minister from 2016 until 2018, when Turkey became a presidential democracy and the role ceased to exist. He was elected Speaker of the new parliament in February and before that served as minister of transportation and communication. Why was the previous result annulled? Mr Imamoglu's victory of 13,000 votes in March was not enough for Mr Yildirim to accept defeat. The ruling party alleged that votes were stolen and many ballot box observers did not have official approval, leading the election board to demand a re-run of the vote. Critics argue that pressure from President Erdogan was behind the decision. Why is Istanbul important? It is Turkey's largest city, with a population of 15 million, not far short of a fifth of the country's 80 million, and is also the nation's business hub. The lira, down 10% this year, rose on news of the result. Istanbul is also close to Mr Erdogan's heart - his political career rose there as his AKP took power in the city a quarter of a century ago and he himself served as mayor from 1994 to 1998. Istanbul accounts for just short of a third of Turkey's GDP. It has a $4bn (£3.14bn) municipal budget which spawns lucrative contacts. The AKP has now lost control of it. Part of Mr Imamoglu's campaign was to allege the squandering of public money by the AKP. Although less conservative as a whole than the AKP's rural heartland, Istanbul still has conservative districts such as Fatih, but Mr Imamoglu also won there and in Mr Erdogan's own childhood district of Beyoglu. Istanbul, Izmir and Ankara are all now in opposition hands. Jubilation on the streets By Cagil Kasapoglu, BBC Turkish, Istanbul Hundreds of supporters of Mr Imamoglu gathered in his stronghold, Besiktas. The cautious optimism that was prevalent during the early stages of vote counting gave way to a mood of total jubilation. Hopeful youngsters celebrated and proudly waved Turkish flags. Others held banners with pictures of Atatürk on them. Some even wore masks of Mr Imamoglu. Many of these young people have only ever known President Erdogan's AKP in government. For them, this is an opportunity to push for change across the country. "Many young people desperately want to leave Turkey," Ayca Yilmaz, a 22-year-old university student told me. "But now, we might consider staying here. We are hopeful once again."

ইস্তাম্বুলের নিয়ন্ত্রণ হারিয়েছে দেশটির ক্ষমতাসীন একে পার্টি। শহরের মেয়র পদে পুন:নির্বাচনের ফলাফল প্রেসিডেন্ট এরদোয়ানের জন্য একটি আঘাত হিসাবেই দেখা দিয়েছে।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

By Oliver JarvisBBC Stories "I have my own hair on my hands, on my clothes and down in the bath below me. As I wash, then brush, more continues to fall out. "In the mirror I can see my appearance change, strand-by-strand." Carly Clarke is reliving her experience as a cancer patient, showing me one of the many self-portraits she took during six painful months of treatment. Eventually, she would ask her dad to shave the last hairs from her head. She was just 26. "I used to have a lot of hair. Now I look like a cancer patient," she notes. Six months before these photographs were taken, Carly had been living out a dream in Canada - shooting a final-year university photography project in Vancouver's poverty-stricken downtown eastside. She had been sick for months, with a violent cough, appetite loss and pain in her chest and back. Doctors had diagnosed her with illnesses ranging from pneumonia to asthma and warned her she could suffer a collapsed lung on the flight. But she had ignored them. "I wasn't going to let this illness - whatever it was - get in the way of living my life," she says. "In Vancouver, I could empathise with those with illnesses and addiction. My concern for my own life made me compassionate during the shoot." Many of those she spoke to on the near-freezing streets had become hooked after taking strong opiates in hospital, as they were treated for serious conditions, such as cancer. Three months later, Carly would need morphine herself to alleviate the pain in her chest and back, so she could sleep. Persuaded by Canadian doctors to go home for specialist attention, she was finally diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma - a rare and quite aggressive form of cancer - in March 2012. A tumour the size of a grapefruit had already grown in her right lung and chest wall. "I burst into tears at Guy's Hospital in London," she says. "I didn't know if I would survive the chemotherapy treatment, being diagnosed at such a late stage. I was terrified." It was hard for her family to take. "My parents felt like their stomachs fell out. There hadn't been a lot of cancer in the family," she says. "My boyfriend was also devastated and he flew out from California to England to be with me." Back at home in Eastbourne, Carly scrawled hospital appointments and medication timetables on to a calendar that not long before had been packed with coursework deadlines and photoshoots. "My life slowed down to concentrating on getting through each moment, drug to drug, endless examinations, giant needles, biopsies drilling deep into bone, tubes down my throat, and hoping for some day, the pain to end," she says. Pain from her chest was now radiating down her arm, fluid on her lungs made breathing difficult, and she could not shake an "awful, non-stop cough". "A plastic line through my arm fed sickening but healing medicine into my heart, trying to kill the cancer but taking my strength with it," she says. "My skeleton became more visible by the day, a reminder of each precious pound lost. Out of nowhere my life was on the line." Her view of the world - and herself - was changing. So she decided to photograph it. "I thought that having a creative outlet would allow me to step out of some of that reality for a moment or two and think about my current trauma from another perspective," Carly says. Reality Trauma was to be a series of self-portraits documenting her changing appearance, her life in and out of hospital, and her resilience. During day visits, or short stays, the hospital gave her the freedom to use a tripod and cable release as often as she could. Doctors and nurses sometimes pushed the shutter for her. "I thought about how others might view these images further down the line and whether or not I would even be around to tell my story," she says. Carly wanted her work to inspire others to "have the courage to stare cancer in the face" and not let it take over their identity entirely. Image-by-image, Carly noticed her skin was becoming paler and tighter around her bones, giving her an "unfamiliar, almost alien" appearance. She lost around 12kg (26lb) in the space of two months and needed regular blood transfusions to make up for circulatory problems that were starving her body of oxygen and turning her blue. "People were afraid to look at me. Especially, I think, parents with children also going through cancer - because they saw me and probably feared the worst for their own," she says. "Seeing myself that way made me feel uneasy and frightened." Soon afterwards, she found herself attending hospital so frequently she was admitted full-time. At her lowest, constantly nauseous or asleep, she would reject all food from the hospital trolley. She was unable to study and, some days, too tired to photograph herself or phone her boyfriend. By now she was also coughing so hard she would bring up blood. And sometimes she would wake after a night of cold sweats, itching and drenched as if she had showered in her hospital bed. But then one day, after about three months of chemotherapy, the coughing stopped. Her other symptoms also began to ease. The treatment was working, she thought. Biopsies confirmed it: the cancer was losing. Her perception of life changed again. "Helplessness turned into hopefulness - and then euphoria. When you come so close to death, suddenly you want to live your life to the fullest." The hospital ward went from being a place of pain to home. Staff became friends, and some patients even closer. Now Carly would venture outside her room. The fish tank in the communal area of the ward attracted patients of all ages. An elderly couple, being treated for different types of terminal leukaemia, would often undergo chemotherapy on the same day as Carly. One day, the husband said his wife had been told she would not make it to Christmas. "I remember hugging her and wishing her well - that couple would never leave my mind." As Carly began to feel better, she also started to connect more with the world outside. Her boyfriend and friends would take her for lunch, sometimes driving to Beachy Head - where white cliffs meet the sea - and Carly would talk about the future while watching boats move slowly across the horizon. From course mates and tutors, she began to realise that her photographs were affecting other people. Not only were they capturing the physical and emotional effects of cancer treatment but demonstrating that it didn't always have to be scary - it could be positive, Carly says. "Looking back at the images I had taken, it made me feel stronger because in those photos I was faced with an end-of-life situation but a part of me still believed I could get through it." Carly began showing her work to other cancer patients and took portraits of some of them in the ward. It became a way of starting a conversation or putting a smile on their faces. "If it's true that a simple smile, small gesture of help or kind word can change how a person feels and brighten their day, and have a positive effect on every cell in one's body, then a positive photographic story can help change someone's life," says Carly. "It can be the defining factor in someone's mental strength and affect their willpower enough to keep them going through the suffering in hope that it will soon end and that, in my opinion, is what helps to keep you alive against all odds." As Carly's treatment came to an end, in September 2012, she could look back through each phase of her journey, in 15 rolls of film and 150 photographs, and say she survived cancer. It was a moment for celebration, but returning to the family home - to "piece her life back together" - was not easy. When she took back her boxes of unused medicine, she felt sad she was no longer in hospital. "The hospital staff and some of the patients felt like family to me because we had built a very close relationship over many months." A few months later, Carly flew to California and stayed with her boyfriend for most of the following year. She returned home several times, and visited the hospital ward for the first of her twice-yearly check-ups. Every time she went back, she looked around for old faces: nurses who had treated her, patients she had shared moments with. On one occasion, a few years after finishing treatment, she arrived early for a consultation and sat alongside a woman in the waiting area. "We casually glanced at each other and suddenly tears came to my eyes." It was the woman whose husband had told Carly she would not live to see Christmas back in 2012. "I couldn't believe it was her," Carly recalls. "Moments like this are beautiful." Carly quickly rediscovered her hunger to document the lives of people around the world. In 2014, she spent four months in India. Her work on that trip would garner honourable mentions in the International Photo Awards in 2018. That same year her "Last Day of Chemotherapy" photograph from Reality Trauma was shortlisted in the Portrait of Britain Awards. She got work assisting photographer Michael Wharley, producing promotional images for Summerland, a forthcoming film starring Gemma Arterton. As her inbox filled with awards invitations and her calendar with shoot schedules, she began drawing up a project concept with her local hospice, St Wilfred's, to take portraits of cancer patients in their last stages of life. She wanted to document how terminal illnesses affect people's psychological state, and the ways patients spend their remaining moments, trying new hobbies or saying last goodbyes. But that plan was halted abruptly in September last year by a phone call from her older brother, Lee. He told her their younger brother, Joe, had been diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma - the very same cancer Carly had beaten six years earlier. "We both shed tears on the phone," says Carly. Joe was just 16 and starting college. His cancer was less advanced than Carly's had been but - just like his sister - he had also been ill for months before being diagnosed. Doctors had initially put his severe itching down to "dry skin", or imagination. "He wasn't prepared for his diagnosis. None us of were," says Carly. Hodgkin lymphoma The NHS says Hodgkin lymphoma is an uncommon cancer that develops in a network of vessels and glands called the lymphatic system. It can quickly spread throughout the body but is also one of the most easily treated types of cancer. Joe tried to live as normally as he could, spending time with his girlfriend, learning to drive and making career plans. But as he spent more and more time travelling to hospital and back, his grades took a hit and he began to lose touch with some of his friends. Wanting to spend more time with him, earlier this year Carly asked if she could photograph his cancer journey. He agreed. Sixteen years older than Joe, Carly had left home when he was still young. But, as his only sister, she had always felt a responsibility towards him, teaching him how to draw and paint when he was a toddler. Later, when Carly moved to London for university, they saw each other only occasionally. With each visit, she noticed him stand a little taller, his voice slightly deepen. But now she stood behind the camera in his hospital ward, she captured a rapid change with every photograph. The hair he'd dyed blonde and then coloured flamboyantly, knowing it would fall out, came out in chunks until he shaved it off, as Carly had done, to stop it getting all over his clothes and bedroom floor. He began covering his head in the photos, and talked about wearing a wig. The steroids he took in preparation for the next stage of chemotherapy aged him, and had another dramatic effect. "Joe put on weight to the point where he was unrecognisable. The pictures also showed his stretch marks from the severe weight gain," Carly says. More and more, Joe reached out to Carly for support and advice. As a young boy he'd seen her go through cancer; he knew what the illness had done to his sister, but he also saw her defeat it. "Even when he had doubts and misgivings, the fact that I recovered meant I could provide him with the hope and positivity to continue his treatment," she says. Because Joe's cancer was less advanced, she thought his treatment would be quicker and her photographic series shorter. The collection would represent the journey of a young man overcoming cancer. But Joe's first round of chemotherapy was unsuccessful. "The news shook everybody up a lot. Our relationship changed, it became a little more unstable," Carly says. Having suffered a relapse, Joe would have to endure four more months of chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplants. His hair, which had begun to grow back, fell out again. Joe said he no longer wanted to be photographed - a decision Carly says she understood and respected - but with time came greater determination and fresh positivity. A month or so later, he changed his mind again. "The image I liked most was him turning away in a contemplative manner. There, he knew what was to come, and his eyes glared into the distance," Carly says. "It showed how he had changed and how he had adapted to this role of being a young cancer patient." Against his consultant's advice Joe stopped stem-cell treatment. He feared the side-effects - the breathing trouble, skin problems, jaundice and diarrhoea that can occur if donor cells attack the host - would blight his life. And shortly after taking that decision, in May, his scans came back clear. It meant that he was put into remission and able to join his family on holiday in Menorca, and then at Lee's wedding. He will have regular appointments over the next few months to monitor his condition, but he has lost the weight he gained and his hair is finally growing back again. Carly says her images offer stark evidence of how reality changed for the family during a time in which both her and Joe's "body, mind and soul were tested to the ultimate ends". "These photographs I have captured, of both Joe and I, evoke some painful memories for me; however, they also remind me of the huge capacity of the human body to endure through such hellish times. "This collection of images may give only a glimpse into those times but my hope is that an audience can see not just the horrifying aspects, but also the promise that being a survivor of cancer gives and the tremendous hope for others facing a similar condition." Photographs: Carly Clarke

কার্লি ক্লার্কের যখন ২০১২ সালে ক্যান্সার ধরা পড়ে, তখন সে নিজের শেষ দিনগুলোর ছবি তুলতে শুরু করে। সাত বছর পরে নিষ্ঠুর কাকতালীয় ঘটনার মতো তাকে নিজের ভাইয়ের ক্ষেত্রেও ঠিক একই কাজ শুরু করতে হয়, যখন তার ভাইও ক্যান্সারে আক্রান্ত হয়।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

By Will SmaleBusiness reporter, BBC News When Kristo Kaarmann was kicking himself for being "incredibly stupid", little did he know that it would spark an idea for a business that is now estimated to be worth more than £1.2bn. Back in 2008, the then 28-year-old Estonian was working in London as a management consultant when he got a very chunky Christmas bonus of £10,000. As interest rates were higher back in Estonia, he decided that he'd transfer the money from his UK current account to his Estonian savings account, so as to earn more from the cash. "So I paid my UK bank a £15 fee, and transferred the £10,000, and then a week later I saw that £500 less than I had expected had arrived in the Estonian account," says Kristo, now 38. "I started digging to find out what had happened, and I realised that I had been incredibly stupid. "I had foolishly expected that my UK bank would have given me the exchange rate I saw when I looked on [news wires] Reuters and Bloomberg. "Instead the bank had used an exchange rate 5% less favourable, which is how it and all the other banks get their cut. It was my mistake." Annoyed with himself, Kristo vowed to come up with a way of transferring money overseas that removed banks from the process. Initially this involved just him and his Estonian friend Taavet Hinrikus, who was then director at telecommunications firm Skype, informally transferring money between themselves. It worked because Kristo often wanted to swap pounds sterling for kroons, the Estonian currency at the time, and vice versa for Taavet. They simply picked whatever was the mid-market exchange rate - the average exchange rate on any given day. Soon they had built up a network of Estonian friends - both expats and those back in Estonia - who were all doing the same thing, and Kristo and Taavet realised they could make a business out of it. So in 2011 they launched London-based TransferWise, a financial technology or "fintech" website that allows users to transfer money overseas to a different currency at the mid-market rate for a set fee of 0.5%. Today, TransferWise is a global business, and investors include Virgin boss Sir Richard Branson and PayPal co-founder Max Levchin. For the first year, Kristo and Taavet grew the business organically, relying on their savings. Customers first arrived in a trickle thanks to word-of-mouth, but then rose sharply after a positive review on a technology website. To avoid any legal problems, Kristo and Taavet had secured clearance and licences from the UK's then regulatory body, the Financial Services Authority, before they launched. "It was the first time they had ever seen anything like us," says Kristo. "But they saw enough that they weren't worried that we would be doing anything shady." In early 2012 Kristo and Taavet started to look for their first investors, but initially struggled to secure any. "We talked to maybe 15 investors in total, but they all turned us down," says Kristo. "No-one in Europe would touch us - European investors back then were far more risk averse than American ones. "So we took our first funding from a small fund in New York called IA Ventures." As TransferWise then steadily grew, other investors followed. It has now raised £305m in total. Meanwhile, its website and app have been used by more than four million people, and are available in 50 countries and 49 currencies. The company says that £3bn is now transferred via its service every month. More The Boss features: With a second big office in the Estonian capital, Tallinn, and eight others in locations such as Tampa Bay, Budapest and Tokyo, TransferWise saw its revenues rise 75% to £117m in the year to the end of March 2018. Its annual profit remained flat at £6.2m. Prior to March 2017, the company had always reported a loss, as funds were put into its expansion. It now has 1,400 employees. Fintech author and commentator Chris Skinner says that TransferWise grew so quickly because it was cheap for people to use, and there were no hidden fees. "Add to this some major heavyweights investing in and backing the business, and you have a potential success on your hands," he says. "I say potential though, as even with a good idea, good marketing, good investors and good backing, nothing is guaranteed in this world. "However, along with Monzo, Starling, Revolut and a number of other UK fintech start-ups, TransferWise is a standout from the crowd and is transforming financial services by targeting great customer experience at the lowest cost through technology." While Kristo has the chief executive title, he says that he and co-founder Taavet, 37, have "from the beginning both been involved in everything. We are very overlapping in what we do." When not working, Kristo likes to relax by kite surfing, and every Christmas and New Year he goes long-distance motorcycling in Africa with his brother. "There were lots of unknowns when we started," he says. "Would anyone trust this website set up by two Estonian dudes? Would anyone else have this problem that we wanted to solve? "And all these people around the world did have the same problem, and they did trust us."

বিবিসির সাপ্তাহিক 'দ্যা বস' অনুষ্ঠানে চলতি সপ্তাহে যে ব্যবসায়ীর ওপর নজর দেওয়া হয়েছে, তিনি হলেন ক্রিস্তো কারমান। টাকা পাঠানোর ব্যবসা 'ট্রান্সফারওয়াইজ'-এর সহ-প্রতিষ্ঠাতা তিনি, এখন কাজ করছেন এর প্রধান নির্বাহী হিসেবে।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

Australia plans to quarantine its evacuees on Christmas island 2,000km (1,200 miles) from the mainland. Japan, the US and the EU are also repatriating their citizens. British Airways has suspended all flights to and from mainland China, as the UK's Foreign Office warned against "all but essential travel" there. Several other airlines have taken similar measures. United Airlines and Cathay Pacific are restricting flights, while Lion Air - one of the region's biggest airlines - is stopping flights to China from Saturday. Cathay Pacific has also suspended inflight trolley services, changed some aspects of its meal offer, and stopped giving out hot towels, pillows, blankets and magazines in an effort to prevent the virus spreading. China's national women's football team is being quarantined in Australia after arriving there to play in an Olympic qualifying tournament, Australian media report. Thirty-two players and staff will stay in isolation in a hotel in Brisbane as a precaution until 5 February, officials said. The team, which passed through Wuhan last week, had been due to play Thailand on 3 February. In another development, the furniture retailer Ikea said it was temporarily shutting half its 30 stores in China "in response to the Chinese government's call for efficient control of the spread of the disease". How many cases are there? An expert from the Chinese National Health Commission (NHC) said it could take 10 more days for the outbreak to peak. The number of deaths from the virus has risen to 132 in China. Like the similar Sars and influenza viruses, the new coronavirus is a particular risk for elderly people and those with pre-existing illnesses. The sharp rise in cases is in part attributed to increased awareness, monitoring and testing in recent days. The number of cases of the new coronavirus has reached nearly 6,000 in China, surpassing the number of Sars cases in the country in the 2003 outbreak. The virus is thought to have emerged from illegally traded wildlife at a seafood market in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province. It causes severe acute respiratory infection and there is no specific cure or vaccine. A number of people, however, have recovered after treatment. Who is being evacuated? Australia's 600 evacuees will be held on Christmas Island for two weeks, Prime Minister Scott Morrison said. The announcement sparked controversy as the island is best known for a recently reopened immigration detention centre, which was criticised for its conditions. Currently only housing one Sri Lankan family of four, the facility was built to accommodate more than 1,000 people. New Zealand will co-operate with Canberra to bring its 53 citizens home alongside the Australian evacuees. The Christmas Island controversy By Frances Mao, BBC News, Sydney For over a week now, the Australians trapped in Wuhan - many of them children - have been calling on their government to help get them out. But the announcement of a two-week quarantine on Christmas Island have given many pause for thought. The external territory - closer to Indonesia than the Australian mainland - has long had a bad reputation. Since 2003, it's been one of the main places offshore where Australia detains asylum seekers, in conditions criticised by the UN. But what will happen to the Sri Lankan family of four when others arrive? And are the medical facilities on the island adequate for the evacuees? Chinese-Australians are also asking why their children are being sent miles away, as opposed to hospitals on the mainland. Would this happen, they ask, to Australians who were holidaying in the UK? Some 200 Japanese nationals have been flown from Wuhan and have landed at Tokyo's Haneda airport. Around 650 others said they wanted to be repatriated, and the Japanese government said new flights were being planned. According to Japanese media, several of the returnees were suffering from fever or coughs. All will be taken to hospital, regardless of whether they are showing symptoms. They will then be tested in a quarantine ward before they can go home, and will be told not to leave their houses until the results are known. About 200 Americans - including workers from the local US consulate - are due to arrive in California after leaving Wuhan on an evacuation flight. CNN quotes health officials in Alaska, where the plane first landed on American soil, as saying they underwent health screenings and were then allowed to continue on to California. The UK Foreign Office is arranging the evacuation of about 200 Britons who wanted to leave the area. But some UK citizens have criticised the government, claiming lack of support for returning home. A flight carrying 250 French nationals is also expected to leave Wuhan; and Italy is planning a flight for more than 50 of its citizens on Thursday. South Korea said about 700 of its nationals would leave on four flights this week. Both Malaysia and the Philippines also said they would evacuate their citizens in and around Wuhan. Meanwhile, Hong Kong announced plans to slash cross-border travel between the city and mainland China. Wuhan - as well as the wider Hubei province - is already effectively in a lockdown with strict transport restrictions. Kazakhstan is closing all passenger travel with its neighbour and Papua New Guinea has announced that travellers from Asia will be barred from entering. What's the latest on the virus itself? Confirmations of person-to-person transmission in Germany, Vietnam, Taiwan and Japan - as opposed to travellers bringing the virus from China - have heightened concern about the spread of the virus. The United Arab Emirates has confirmed the first cases in the Middle East - a family who had recently arrived in the country from Wuhan. Leading Chinese respiratory expert Zhong Nanshan told Xinhua news agency: "I think in one week or about 10 days, it will reach the climax and then there will be no large-scale increases." China has agreed that the World Health Organization (WHO) will send international experts to the country. President Xi met WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus in Beijing and said: "The virus is a devil and we cannot let the devil hide." Learn more about the new virus Have you been affected by any of the issues raised? Are you in Wuhan or have you visited recently? You can share your experience by emailing [email protected]. Please include a contact number if you are willing to speak to a BBC journalist. You can also contact us in the following ways:

করোনাভাইরাসের সংক্রমণের কেন্দ্রবিন্দু চীনের উহান শহর থেকে শত শত বিদেশি নাগরিকে সরিয়ে নেয়া শুরু হয়েছে।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

By Paul RinconScience editor, BBC News website The Chang'e-3 mission blasted off from Xichang in the south at 01:30 Monday local time (17:30 GMT Sunday). The Long March rocket's payload includes a landing module and a six-wheeled robotic rover called Yutu (or Jade Rabbit). The mission should land in the Moon's northern hemisphere in mid-December. Chinese state TV carried live pictures of the launch of the Chinese-developed Long March 3B rocket carrying the lunar probe. This will be the third robotic rover mission to land on the lunar surface, but the Chinese vehicle carries a more sophisticated payload, including ground-penetrating radar which will gather measurements of the lunar soil and crust. The 120kg (260lb) Jade Rabbit rover can climb slopes of up to 30 degrees and travel at 200m (660ft) per hour, according to its designer the Shanghai Aerospace Systems Engineering Research Institute. Its name - chosen in an online poll of 3.4 million voters - derives from an ancient Chinese myth about a rabbit living on the moon as the pet of the lunar goddess Chang'e. Last week, Prof Ouyang Ziyuan told the BBC's science editor David Shukman that the mission would test key technology and carry out science, adding: "In terms of the talents, China needs its own intellectual team who can explore the whole lunar and solar system - that is also our main purpose." The lander's target is Sinus Iridum (Latin for Bay of Rainbows) a flat volcanic plain thought to be relatively clear of large rocks. It is part of a larger feature known as Mare Imbrium that forms the right eye of the "Man in the Moon". Other details of the mission are sketchy; the rover and lander are powered by solar panels but other sources suggest they also carry radioisotope heating units (RHUs) containing plutonium-238 to keep them warm during the cold lunar night. The US Apollo astronauts Eugene Cernan and "Buzz" Aldrin have also remarked in a recent article that the landing module is substantially bigger than it needs to be to carry the rover, suggesting that it could be precursor technology to a human landing. If successful, the mission, aimed at exploring the Moon's surface and looking for natural resources such as rare metals, will be a milestone in China's long-term space exploration programme, which includes establishing a permanent space station in Earth orbit. Assertive China Chang'e 3 is "the most complicated and difficult task yet in China's exploration of space" and incorporates lots of new technology, Xinhua reported Wu Zhijian, a spokesman with the State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defence, as saying. But one unnamed US scientist recently told the magazine Aerospace America: "Except for a ground-penetrating radar on the rover, none of many science instruments on the lander/rover are expected to discover much new on the Moon." The launch comes at a time when the Asian superpower is asserting itself in other areas, such as control of airspace over the East China Sea. China considers its space programme a symbol of its rising global stature and technological advancement, as well as of the Communist Party's success in reversing the fortunes of the once impoverished nation. Future lunar launches planned by China include a mission to bring back samples of lunar soil to Earth. But officials have also stated an ambitious goal of sending humans to the Moon, in what could be the first manned lunar missions since the US Apollo programme in the 1960s and 1970s. Prof Ouyang, from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, also highlighted the potential for exploiting the Moon's environment and natural resources. With only a very thin atmosphere, solar panels would operate far more efficiently, he believes, and a "belt" of them could "support the whole world". He also pointed out the potential riches in terms of minerals and metals, which could eventually be mined. "The Moon is full of resources - mainly rare earth elements, titanium, and uranium, which the Earth is really short of, and these resources can be used without limitation." [email protected] and follow me on Twitter

চীন তাদের নতুন স্থায়ী মহাকাশ স্টেশনের গুরুত্বপূর্ণ মূল অংশ বা মডিউলটি উৎক্ষেপণ করেছে। চীনের ক্রমশই উচ্চাকাঙ্ক্ষী হয়ে ওঠা মহাকাশ কর্মসূচিতে এটি সর্বসাম্প্রতিক পদক্ষেপ।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

By Owen PinnellBBC Arabic In the early hours of 24 May 2017, a news story appeared on the website of Qatar's official news agency, QNA, reporting that the country's emir, Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani, had made an astonishing speech. The quotes then appeared on the QNA's social media accounts and on the news ticker running along the bottom of the screen on videos uploaded to the agency's YouTube channel. The emir was quoted praising Islamist groups Hamas, Hezbollah and the Muslim Brotherhood. And perhaps most controversially of all, Iran, Saudi Arabia's arch-rival. But the story soon disappeared from the QNA website, and Qatar's foreign ministry issued a statement denying the speech had ever taken place. No video footage has ever emerged of the emir actually saying the words supposedly attributed to him. Qatar claimed that the QNA had been hacked. And they said the hack was designed to deliberately spread fake news about the country's leader and its foreign policies. The Qataris specifically blamed UAE, an allegation later repeated by a Washington Post report which cited US intelligence sources. The UAE categorically denied those reports. But the story of the emir's speech unleashed a media free-for-all. Within minutes, Saudi and UAE-owned TV networks - Al Arabiya and Sky News Arabia - picked up on the comments attributed to al-Thani. Both networks accused Qatar of funding extremist groups and of destabilising the region. And soon after there was another alleged hacking - this time, targeted at the UAE. Youssef al-Otaiba, the UAE's ambassador to the US was hacked. His emails were leaked to the press. This led to long, lurid articles about his private life in international media. The fallout On 5 June 2017, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Egypt and their allies - nine governments in total - cut ties with Qatar. They expelled Qatari citizens, suspended diplomatic ties, closed Qatar's only land border, shut down their airspace and halted all trade. The self-styled "Anti-terror Quartet", led by Saudi Arabia's new crown prince, Mohammed bin Salman, issued 13 wide-ranging demands for Qatar to meet in 10 days. These included closing down its main TV channel Al Jazeera and ceasing cooperation with Iran. US President Donald Trump, fresh from his first presidential visit abroad - to Saudi Arabia - welcomed the move in a series of tweets the following day. He said it was evidence of his anti-terror policies in action. His comments fuelled the propaganda battle that had already begun on Twitter. The platform was flooded with hashtags both for and against Qatar. Battle of the bots On the Qatar side, hashtags "Tamim The Glorious" and "Qatar Is Not Alone" appeared on Twitter's homepage in the Gulf, supposedly showing they were popular sentiments for the region's social media users. Meanwhile, The Saudi and UAE side accused Sheikh Tamim of being the "Gaddafi of the Gulf", a reference to the late Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi. However, a BBC Arabic investigation has revealed that the majority of tweets using these hashtags were pushed by fake accounts known as "bots". Bots are automated accounts which attempt to manipulate public opinion by artificially boosting the popularity of social media posts. Ben Nimmo, a senior fellow at the Atlantic Council, took a deep dive into some of the most consistently trending hashtags in the conflict and establish the source of their popularity. He detected Twitter bots using a number of methods, such as looking for sudden "spikes" in the traffic on a hashtag, which suggests automated posting. "On #Tamim_The_Glorious, this post by an account @sabaqksa had 201 retweets in the space of a couple of seconds, that's not a normal pattern of behaviour," Nimmo says. The @sabaqksa account has been suspended by Twitter and BBC Arabic has not been able to contact its owner for comment. Another massive surge of traffic on this hashtag came from one hundred accounts posting 1,410 times in a five hour period. Nimmo says it is "utterly implausible" that human operated accounts would post this frequently. When a number of bot accounts work together like this, it is called a bot net. But Nimmo found bots on the anti-Qatar side too, pushing out offensive tweets including images of Qatar's emir as a dog barking orders and another in which he is depicted as cross-eyed. Many of the anti-Qatar bots seemed to be boosting tweets that were originally posted by one specific account, @saudq1978. The @saudq1978 account belongs to Saud al-Qahtani, a prominent member of the Saudi Royal Court and advisor to Prince Mohammed bin Salman. With more than a million followers online, he has a significant presence on Twitter. The top 5 tweets on the "Gaddafi Of The Gulf" hashtag were all from this account, which along with retweets made up 66% of the total traffic. The account accused Qatar of killing people in the Libyan civil war, and blamed it for funding terrorism and extremism. BBC Arabic made repeated attempts to contact Saud al-Qahtani for comment, but without success. "Fake news is everywhere" Meanwhile, the "boycott" or "blockade" of Qatar - depending on which side you talk to - looks unlikely to be over soon, despite recent US efforts at mediation. Hashtags about the conflict are still trending, and the hacking war has continued well into 2018. And the region's satellite TV channels are still trading accusations. They have also presented very different pictures of the impact of the crisis on life in Qatar. Al Arabiya, which is owned by Saudi interests, has shown footage of supermarkets with empty shelves. But reports on Al-Jazeera, which is funded by the Qatari state, tend to show people on their streets living their lives as normal. According to Dina Matar, a senior lecturer in Arab media and political communication at SOAS: "It's not only a political battle, it's also a media battle. We have a huge problem in the Arab world just as you do in the West. Fake news is everywhere." "Arab politicians and leaders are completely aware that the media is important and that the media is an important weapon. It is a weapon for propaganda, a weapon for private and public interests," she says. Recently, a hashtag which translates as #Anniversary_Of_The_Midnight_Fabrications trended in Qatar. It commemorates the first anniversary of the alleged hacking of the Qatar News Agency. Twelve months on from that original incident there is a little sign of the tensions abating between the two sides. You may also be interested in: More on this story Do you have a story for us? Email BBC Trending. More from Trending: Political parties in Mexico are using bots and fake accounts in an attempt to influence voter behaviour and in some cases spread false stories ahead of the country's presidential elections on 1 July, according to researchers, journalists and activists. READ NOW You can follow BBC Trending on Twitter @BBCtrending, and find us on Facebook. All our stories are at bbc.com/trending.

ছোট সম্পদশালী দেশ কাতার ও তার সম্পদশালী বড় প্রতিবেশী সৌদি আরবের মধ্যকার দ্বন্দ্ব এখন নতুন রূপ পেয়েছে। প্রায় এক বছর ধরে চলা কূটনৈতিক লড়াইয়ের পাশাপাশি নতুন অস্ত্র যোগ হয়েছে - ইন্টারনেট বট, ভুয়া সংবাদ ও হ্যাকিং।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

By Sean CoughlanBBC News education and family correspondent That's the sobering finding of a project to count the annual toll of gun attacks in schools. At the beginning of 2018, Education Week, a journal covering education in the US, began to track school shootings - and has since recorded 23 incidents where there were deaths or injuries. With many parts of the US having about 180 school days per year, it means, on average, a shooting once every eight school days. Another database recording school shootings says 2018 has had the highest number of incidents ever recorded, in figures going back to 1970. That database, from the US Center for Homeland Defense and Security and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (Fema), uses a different way of identifying gun incidents in school, and says this year there have been 94. Never 'normal' The idea behind the year-long Education Week project was to mark each shooting - so that attacks should never come to seem "normal" and that every victim should be remembered. But it was also an attempt to fill in the gaps in knowledge, because while there was intense media coverage of multiple-casualty shootings, there was much less clarity about the attacks happening across the country each month. Lesli Maxwell, assistant managing editor of Education Week, said this year has "definitely been an outlier" with two large-scale school shootings, which have contributed to such a high annual loss of life. Seventeen people were killed at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida. At Santa Fe High School near Houston, Texas, there were 10 killed, with both gun attacks carried out by teenage boys. "This year also stands out because of all the activism that followed Parkland, with students leading the charge," says Ms Maxwell. Teenagers, guns and victims There have been campaigns for tighter gun control - and on the other side of the debate, calls for more weapons in the hands of teachers or school staff. While such mass shootings made headlines around the world, the majority passed by with much less attention. These included a shooting at a primary school in Virginia last month, when a parent collecting their child was shot in the leg when a gun in the pocket of another parent was accidentally fired. Or in March in a high school in Maryland, when a 17-year-old teenager shot and injured two students and then, after he was confronted, killed himself. One of the injured, a 16-year-old girl, died a few days later. The shootings are a bleak list of teenagers, guns and innocent victims. The perpetrators are as young as 12 but are mostly 16 or 17. The lack of certainty about the number of school shootings is also because it can be defined in different ways. Highest level The Education Week tracker only counted events where there were casualties and where shootings took place on school property and in school time and where there was a victim other than the perpetrator. The Center for Homeland Defense and Security has a different measure - counting gun incidents in school, regardless of the time or whether anyone was shot or injured. This wider measure has so far recorded 94 school shooting incidents across the US - which stands significantly above what had been the previous highest total, 59 in 2006. By this measure, 2018 has also been the worst year for deaths and injuries, with 163 casualties, compared with a previous high of 97 in 1986. It also shows the big increase over the decades, with annual casualties in the 1970s never higher than 35, about a fifth of this year's level. Killers typically 17 and male The data from five decades of school shootings shows the most typical age for a school killer is 16 or 17 and these perpetrators are highly likely to be male. The attacks are not often "indiscriminate", but are more usually an "escalation of a dispute" or a gang-related incident. But as well as following the statistics of school shootings, Ms Maxwell has seen the aftermath. In the schools affected by such attacks, she says, there can be a cycle of strong and contradictory emotions. At first, along with the "raw grieving" there can be a "coming together" of communities. But that can be followed by divisions and a "splintering" as families look for answers and people to hold accountable for their loss. She says there can be "fury against authorities and institutions", rather than any consensus on what should happen next. No consensus There is also no agreement at a national level about how to respond to school shootings, with opinion just as divided as when the year began. "The needle hasn't moved," she says. There are calls for guns to be kept out of schools and others calling for more guns to be used to defend schools. "Our sense is that a vast majority of teachers don't want to be armed," she says. "Whether it's one child or 17, it's awful and tragic and we need vigorous discussion about how to put a stop to it," says Ms Maxwell. But there is no sign of any agreement about how that might happen. More from Global education The editor of Global education is Sean Coughlan ([email protected]).

মার্কিন যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের স্কুলে গোলাগুলির ঘটনায় শুধু এ বছরেই অন্তত ১১৩ জন হতাহতের ঘটনা ঘটেছে।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

He landed in Abu Dhabi where he was greeted by Crown Prince Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed al-Nahyan. The Pope will take part in an interfaith conference on Monday and on Tuesday hold Mass in which 120,000 people are expected to attend. Before leaving he expressed concern about the war in Yemen, in which the UAE is engaged. "The population [in Yemen] is exhausted by the lengthy conflict and a great many children are suffering from hunger, but cannot access food depots," the Pope said. "The cry of these children and their parents rises up to God," he said. It is not clear whether the Pope plans to raise the issue in public or in private while visiting the UAE. The UAE is involved in Yemen as part of a Saudi-led coalition. The UAE is home to nearly a million Roman Catholics, most of them from the Philippines or India. Some have been queuing for passes for Tuesday's Mass. One told AFP news agency the Pope's visit "opens doors for conversations about tolerance that the whole world needs to hear". In a video message on Thursday, the Pope said: "Faith in God unites and does not divide, it draws us closer despite differences, it distances us from hostilities and aversion." He paid tribute to the UAE as "a land that is trying to be a model of coexistence, of human brotherhood, and a meeting place among diverse civilisations and cultures". While in Abu Dhabi, the Pope will also hold a meeting with Sheikh Ahmed al-Tayeb, the grand imam of Cairo's al-Azhar mosque, which is the highest seat of learning for Sunni Muslims. BBC Arabic's Murad Batal Shishani, who is in Abu Dhabi, says the Vatican hopes that the Pope's visit might loosen restrictions on the building of churches in the region, particularly in neighbouring Saudi Arabia where non-Muslim places of worship are forbidden. Vatican officials say they need a stronger Church presence in the UAE to minister to the Catholic community there. "We are really stretched. We need more churches. We need more priests," one official was quoted by Reuters as saying.

প্রথমবারের মত আরব আমিরাত সফর করতে যাচ্ছেন খ্রীস্টানদের শীর্ষ ধর্মীয় নেতা পোপ ফ্রান্সিস। রোববার (৩রা ফেব্রুয়ারি) আবুধাবিতে পৌঁছানোর কথা রয়েছে পোপের।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

By Geeta PandeyBBC News, Delhi Mumbai businessman Raphael Samuel told the BBC that it's wrong to bring children into the world because they then have to put up with lifelong suffering. Mr Samuel, of course, understands that our consent can't be sought before we are born, but insists that "it was not our decision to be born". So as we didn't ask to be born, we should be paid for the rest of our lives to live, he argues. A demand like this could cause a rift within any family, but Mr Samuel says he gets along very well with his parents (both of whom are lawyers) and they appear to be dealing with it with a lot of humour. In a statement, his mother Kavita Karnad Samuel explained her response to "the recent upheaval my son has created". "I must admire my son's temerity to want to take his parents to court knowing both of us are lawyers. And if Raphael could come up with a rational explanation as to how we could have sought his consent to be born, I will accept my fault," she said. Mr Samuel's belief is rooted in what's called anti-natalism - a philosophy that argues that life is so full of misery that people should stop procreating immediately. This, he says, would gradually phase out humanity from the Earth and that would also be so much better for the planet. "There's no point to humanity. So many people are suffering. If humanity is extinct, Earth and animals would be happier. They'll certainly be better off. Also no human will then suffer. Human existence is totally pointless." A year ago, he created a Facebook page, Nihilanand, which features posters that show his images with a huge fake beard, an eye-mask and anti-natalist messages like "Isn't forcing a child into this world and forcing it to have a career, kidnapping, and slavery?" Or, "Your parents had you instead of a toy or a dog, you owe them nothing, you are their entertainment." You might also be interested in: Mr Samuel says he remembers first having anti-natalist thoughts when he was five. "I was a normal kid. One day I was very frustrated and I didn't want to go to school but my parents kept asking me to go. So I asked them: 'Why did you have me?' And my dad had no answer. I think if he'd been able to answer, maybe I wouldn't have thought this way." As the idea grew and took shape in his mind, he decided to tell his parents about it. He says his mum reacted "very well" and dad too "is warming up" to the idea. "Mum said she wished she had met me before I was born and that if she did, she definitely wouldn't have had me," he says laughing and adds that she does see reason in his argument. "She told me that she was quite young when she had me and that she didn't know she had another option. But that's what I'm trying to say - everyone has the option." In her statement, his mother also said it was unfair to focus on a "sliver of what he believes in". "His belief in anti-natalism, his concern for the burden on Earth's resources due to needless life, his sensitivity toward the pain experienced unwittingly by children while growing up and so much more has been ruefully forgotten. "I'm very happy that my son has grown up into a fearless, independent-thinking young man. He is sure to find his path to happiness." Mr Samuel says his decision to take his parents to court is only based on his belief that the world would be a much better place without human beings in it. So six months ago, one day at breakfast, he told his mother that he was planning to sue her. "She said that's fine, but don't expect me to go easy on you. I will destroy you in court." Mr Samuel is now looking for a lawyer to take up his case, but so far he's not had much success. "I know it's going to be thrown out because no judge would hear it. But I do want to file a case because I want to make a point." His Facebook posts have also attracted a lot of responses, "some positive, but mostly negative" with some even advising him to "go kill yourself". He has also had worried mums asking him what would happen if their children see his posts. "Some argue logically, some are offended and some are offensive. To those abusing me, let them abuse me. But I also hear from many who say they support me but can't say this publicly for whatever reasons. I ask them to come out and speak up," he says. His critics also say that he's doing this to get some publicity. "I'm not really doing this for publicity," he says, "but I do want the idea to go public. This simple idea that it's okay to not have a child." I ask him if he is unhappy being born. "I wish I was not born. But it's not that I'm unhappy in my life. My life is good, but I'd rather not be here. You know it's like there's a nice room, but I don't want to be in that room," he explains.

ভারতে ২৭ বছর বয়স্ক এক ব্যক্তি তার বাবা-মায়ের বিরুদ্ধে মামলা করার পরিকল্পনা করছেন । তার অভিযোগ - তার অনুমতি না নিয়ে বাবা-মা তার জন্ম দিলেন কেন?

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

He said the US intelligence community was split on whether it came from a lab accident or emerged from human contact with an infected animal. Mr Biden asked the groups to report back to him within 90 days. China has rejected the laboratory theory. "Smear campaigns and blame shifting are making a comeback, and the conspiracy theory of 'lab leak' is resurfacing," its embassy in the US said in a statement on Thursday. Since it was first detected in the Chinese city of Wuhan in late 2019, more than 168 million cases of Covid-19 have been confirmed worldwide and at least 3.5 million deaths reported. Authorities linked early Covid cases to a seafood market in Wuhan, leading scientists to theorise the virus first passed to humans from animals. But recent US media reports have suggested growing evidence the virus could instead have emerged from a laboratory in China, perhaps through an accidental leak. Lab leak theory goes mainstream In what passes for relative transparency in the US government, the Biden administration has conceded the American intelligence community is split on Covid-19's origins - it could be the lab or animal-to-human contact - and no-one is near certain about it. That marks a big shift from the derision heaped on the lab theory by many in the media and politics last year, when Donald Trump, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, Senator Tom Cotton and others floated the idea. Mr Trump and Mr Pompeo didn't help the situation, however, as they were coy about the grounds for their suspicion. And their theories floating alongside more far-fetched ones, such as that the disease was manufactured as a bioweapon in a Chinese lab. That possibility still seems highly unlikely. The public may never know the full truth about the virus' origins, particularly if China continues to be uncooperative. Mr Biden is pledging a full investigation, however, and if the US finds conclusive evidence of a lab leak, it will mean more than just a few prominent figures having to eat crow and re-evaluate their trust in authoritative "conclusions". It could place very real strain on US-China relations for years to come. Why is President Biden doing this now? In a statement on Wednesday, President Biden said he had asked for a report on the origins of Covid-19 after taking office, "including whether it emerged from human contact with an infected animal or from a laboratory accident". On receiving it this month, he asked for "additional follow-up". Mr Biden said the majority of the intelligence community had "coalesced" around those two scenarios, but "do not believe there is sufficient information to assess one to be more likely than the other". The president has now asked agencies to "redouble their efforts to collect and analyse information that could bring us closer to a definitive conclusion". He concluded by saying the US would "keep working with like-minded partners around the world to press China to participate in a full, transparent, evidence-based international investigation". Beijing has previously suggested Covid-19 could have come from a US laboratory instead. In its statement, the Chinese embassy said it supported a full investigation into "some secretive bases and biological laboratories all over the world". A spokesman for China's foreign ministry on Thursday hit out at the "dark history" of the US intelligence community, and said the Biden administration's "motive and purposes" were clear. Mr Biden's statement came as CNN reported that the president's administration this spring shut down a state department investigation into whether the virus could have leaked from a Wuhan lab, deeming the probe an ineffective use of resources. What do we know about the lab theory? Speculation about the Wuhan Institute of Virology - one of China's top virus research labs - began last year and was propagated by former US President Donald Trump. In April 2020, US State Department cables came to light that showed embassy officials were worried about biosecurity at the lab. The leak allegations were widely dismissed as a fringe conspiracy theory. Earlier this year, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a report written jointly with Chinese scientists on the origins of Covid-19 which said the chances of it having started in a lab were "extremely unlikely". It said the virus had probably jumped from bats to humans via another intermediary animal, but more research was needed. However, questions have persisted and recent reports attributed to US intelligence sources say three members of the Wuhan Institute of Virology were admitted to hospital in November 2019, several weeks before China acknowledged the first case of the new disease in the community. Anthony Fauci, President Biden's chief medical adviser, has maintained he believes the virus was passed from animals to humans, though he conceded this month he was no longer confident Covid-19 had developed naturally. Mr Biden's statement came the day after Xavier Becerra, US secretary for health and human services, urged the WHO to ensure a "transparent" investigation into the virus's origins. "Phase 2 of the Covid origins study must be launched with terms of reference that are transparent, science-based and give international experts the independence to fully assess the source of the virus and the early days of the outbreak," he said. On Tuesday, Mr Trump sought to take credit in a statement to the New York Post. "To me it was obvious from the beginning but I was badly criticised, as usual," he said. "Now they are all saying: 'He was right.'"

করোনা ভাইরাসের উৎস কোথায় - সেটি তদন্ত করে দেখার জন্য আমেরিকার গোয়েন্দা সংস্থাগুলোকে নির্দেশ দিয়েছেন প্রেসিডেন্ট জো বাইডেন।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

By Jane WakefieldTechnology reporter A complex police operation conducted investigations in the US, Bulgaria, Germany, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine. The gang infected computers with GozNym malware, which captured online banking details to access bank accounts. The gang was put together from criminals who advertised their skills on online forums. The details of the operation were revealed at the headquarters of the European police agency Europol in The Hague. It said that the investigation was unprecedented, especially in terms of cross-border co-operation. Cyber-crime service Ten members of the network have been charged in Pittsburgh, US on a range of offences, including stealing money and laundering those funds using US and foreign bank accounts. Five Russian nationals remain on the run, including one who developed the GozNym malware and oversaw its development and management, including leasing it to other cyber-criminals. Various other gang members now face prosecution in other countries, including: Among the victims were small businesses, law firms, international corporations and non-profit organisations. One of the things that the operation has highlighted is how common the selling of nefarious cyber-skills has become, says Prof Alan Woodward, a computer scientist from University of Surrey. "The developers of this malware advertised their 'product' so that other criminals could use their service to conduct banking fraud. "What is known as 'crime as a service' has been a growing feature in recent years, allowing organised crime gangs to switch from their traditional haunts of drugs to much more lucrative cyber-crime." What is GozNym? It is a hybrid of two other pieces of malware, Nymaim and Gozi. The first of these is what is known as a "dropper", software that is designed to sneak other malware on to a device and install it. Up until 2015, Nymaim was used primarily to get ransomware on to devices. Gozi has been around since 2007. Over the years it has resurfaced with new techniques, all aimed at stealing financial information. It was used in concerted attacks on US banks. Combining the two created what one expert called a "double-headed monster". Analysis: Anna Holligan, BBC Hague correspondent Unsuspecting citizens thought they were clicking a simple link - instead they gave hackers access to their most intimate details. US attorney for the Western District of Pennsylvania, Scott Brady stood alongside prosecutors and cyber-crime fighters from five other nations inside Europol's high security headquarters, to announce the takedown of what he described as a "global conspiracy". The suspected ringleader used GozNym malware and contracted different cyber-crime services - hard to detect bulletproof hosting platforms, money mules and spammers - to control more than 41,000 computers and enable cyber-thieves to steal and whitewash an estimated $100m from victims' bank accounts. Gang members in four countries have been charged - a coup for cyber-crime fighters who say the discovery of this sophisticated scam demonstrates the borderless nature of cyber-crime and need for cross border co-operation to detect and disrupt these networks.

আন্তর্জাতিক এক অপরাধী চক্র ম্যালওয়্যার ব্যবহার করে ৪০ হাজার মানুষের কাছ থেকে অনলাইনে ১০০ মিলিয়ন ডলার চুরি করেছে।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

The new record in Phalodi in the desert state comes amid a heatwave across India. The previous record for the hottest temperature stood at 50.6C in 1956. The heatwave has hit much of northern India, where temperatures have exceeded 40C for weeks. The run-up to the Indian monsoon season is always characterised by weeks of strong sunshine and increasing heat but life-threatening temperature levels topping 50C are unusual. Rumours and memes as Indians vent frustration on social media Murari Lal Thanvi, an eyewitness in Phalodi, told the BBC he had struggled to stay outdoors on Friday. "Even my mobile phone gave up and stopped working when I was trying to take pictures today," he said. "I was able to switch my mobile phone on after putting a wet cloth on it for about 20-25 minutes." The weather office has issued warnings of "severe heat wave" conditions across large parts of India's northern and western states through the weekend. India declares a heatwave when the maximum temperature hits 45C, or five degrees higher than the average for the area in previous years. This summer, the heatwave has claimed dozens of lives in the south Indian states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. Permanent relief from the heat is only expected with the arrival of the monsoon, which normally comes in mid-June.

বাংলাদেশের আবহাওয়া অফিস বলছে দেশের ইতিহাসে সর্বনিম্ন তাপমাত্রার রেকর্ড করেছে দেশের সবচেয়ে উত্তরে পঞ্চগড়ের তেতুলিয়াতে।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

In the end she failed to smash the ceiling, but Hillary Clinton's choice of election night venue was anything but coincidental. The Javits Center is thought to have the biggest glass ceiling in New York City, and would have been the perfect setting for her to become the first woman president in US history. But Mrs Clinton's defeat bucked the trend - the number of elected women in power globally has doubled over the past decade. There are 15 women currently in power, eight of whom are their country's first female leader, according to analysis by Pew Research Centre. But that still means that women leaders represent fewer than 10% of the 193 United Nations member states. These leaders are clearly breaking down barriers - but are they taking other women in their country along with them? The political quota system in Indian local government may yield a clue. Since 1993, one in three randomly selected Indian villages has been required to reserve the role of chief councillor for a woman, creating a naturalised social experiment. A 2012 study of thousands of Indian adolescents and their parents discovered that having a female leader correlated with higher aspirations for young women in the village. When asked what they wanted for their children in terms of education, age when they had their first child and job prospects, parents generally had higher aspirations for their sons. But once a village had a female leader for two election cycles, the parents' "aspiration gap" for boys and girls closed by 25% compared with those who had never had a woman leader. For the adolescents themselves, it narrowed by 32%. Expectations for boys didn't fall when there was a woman in charge, so the smaller gap was entirely down to higher aspirations for girls. The authors noted the female leaders had limited scope to change the situation of women and girls through the policy. But their presence as positive role models was enough to improve the aspirations and education of the young women around them. A 2012 Swiss study also suggests role models inspire women's behaviour in leadership situations, even from a distance. The authors invited male and female students to make a speech in a virtual reality environment in four groups: one saw a picture of German Chancellor Angela Merkel on the wall, one saw Hillary Clinton (then US secretary of state), one saw Bill Clinton and a control group saw no picture at all. Women spoke significantly longer when primed with a successful female politician than when primed with a male politician or no role model. And the longer they spoke, the more positively they rated their own performance. "Not only is an increase in female politicians the goal of equality, it can also be (as our results show) the engine that drives it," the authors say in their report. There is data to back up the idea that the mere existence of women in political roles can be linked with greater equality in everyday life. The World Economic Forum (WEF) ranks countries in its Global Gender Gap Report based on four key factors - health and survival, educational attainment, participation in the economy and political participation. In 2016, the countries that had the smallest overall gender gap - Iceland, Finland and Norway - were also the most likely to have women in politics. It suggests that women do better overall in countries where they are represented politically. There are difficulties in making a concrete link between women leaders and an improvement in quality of life for their female counterparts. This is partly because equality has improved greatly over the past century in almost every country, regardless of whether or not it has had a female leader. Also, because many women were either elected recently or were in positions of leadership for a short period of time, it's difficult to measure the direct impact of their policies. However, the evidence we do have makes a case that women who are able to crack the glass ceiling raise the aspirations of their female citizens, and that their countries are also more likely to offer a better quality of life for women. Read more from Reality Check Follow us on Twitter

"আমি বিশ্বাস করতে পারছি না যে ঐ গ্লাস সিলিংটিতে আমরা এত বড় ফাটল ধরাতে পেরেছি," ২০১৬ সালে ডেমোক্র্যাটিক পার্টির মনোনয়ন পাওয়ার পর আমেরিকার নারীদের প্রতি এই ছিল হিলারি ক্লিনটনের মন্তব্য, "আমি সম্ভবত প্রথম নারী প্রেসিডেন্ট হবো কিন্তু আপনাদের মধ্যে একজন নিশ্চিতভাবেই হবেন আমার পরবর্তী নারী প্রেসিডেন্ট।" কিন্তু শেষ পর্যন্ত তিনিও সেই গ্লাস সিলিং ভাঙতে পারেননি।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

The announcement, citing a royal decree by King Salman, comes two days after the country said it would ban flogging. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child - which Riyadh has signed - says capital punishment should not be used for offences carried out by minors. Activists say Saudi Arabia has one of the world's worst human rights records. They say freedom of expression is severely curtailed and critics of the government are subject to what they say is arbitrary arrest. A record 184 people were executed in the kingdom in 2019, according to human rights group Amnesty International. At least one case involved a man convicted of a crime committed when he was a minor, the rights group reported. In a statement published on Sunday, Awwad Alawwad, president of the state-backed commission, said a royal decree had replaced executions in cases where crimes were committed by minors with a maximum penalty of 10 years in a juvenile detention centre. "The decree helps us in establishing a more modern penal code," Mr Alawwad said. It was unclear when the decision - which was not immediately carried on state media - would come into effect. The kingdom's human rights record has remained under intense scrutiny, despite recent changes, following the brutal murder of journalist Jamal Khashoggi in the Saudi consulate in Istanbul in 2018, while many civil rights and women's rights activists remain in prison. Earlier this week, the most prominent Saudi human rights campaigner died in jail after a stroke which fellow activists say was due to medical neglect by the authorities.

সৌদি আরবের মানবাধিকার কমিশন বলেছে, কিশোর অবস্থায় করা অপরাধের জন্য দেশটি আর কাউকে মৃত্যুদণ্ড দেবে না।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

Ryan Collins, 36, pleaded guilty to the charges in May. He had stolen the usernames and passwords of more than 600 people. Collins tricked his victims - including actresses Jennifer Lawrence, Kate Upton, Scarlett Johansson, and Kirsten Dunst - by sending emails appearing be from Google or Apple. Collins was charged with accessing the photos between 2012 and 2014, in a case known as "celebgate". But was not charged with releasing them. A statement by prosecutors said: "Investigators have not uncovered any evidence linking Collins to the actual leaks or that Collins shared or uploaded the information he obtained." Collins accessed at least 50 iCloud accounts and 72 Gmail accounts. Court filings said he had used fraudulent email addresses designed to look like security accounts from service providers, including [email protected], [email protected] and [email protected]. Collins was originally charged in Los Angeles, but sentenced in Pennsylvania, his home state.

সেলেব্রিটিদের অ্যাকাউন্ট হ্যাক করে তাদের নগ্ন ছবি ও ভিডিও চুরির দায়ে এক ব্যক্তিকে আঠারো মাসের কারাদণ্ড দিয়েছে পেনসিলভানিয়ার একটি আদালত।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

Around 40 others were injured in the attacks, which occurred within minutes of each other. No group has so far said it carried them out. TV pictures showed debris scattered around the entrance of one church. Indonesia, the most populous Muslim-majority country, has seen a resurgence of Islamist militancy in recent months. More than 90% of Indonesians are Muslim, but there are also significant populations of Christians, Hindus and Buddhists. The attack is the deadliest since 2005, when three suicide bombings on the resort island of Bali killed 20 people. What happened? The first explosion took place between services at the Santa Maria Catholic Church around 07:30 local time (00:30 GMT). Inspector General Machfud Arifin told CNN Indonesia that a motorbike was used in the attack. According to Reuters, the second bombing targeted the cark park of a Pentecostal church. Images of the scene showed a number of burnt motorcycles. Unconfirmed eyewitness reports say that the third attack was carried out by one or more veiled women who entered a church with children. Officials reportedly foiled attacks against other churches. Who's behind the attacks? So far there has been no claim of responsibility for the attacks. But Wawan Purwanto, of Indonesia's intelligence agency, said the Islamic State-inspired group, Jemaah Ansharut Daulah (JAD), was suspected to be behind them. He added that the bombings were likely to be linked to an incident earlier this month, when five members of the security forces were killed during a 36-hour standoff with militant Islamist prisoners at a high security prison on the outskirts of the capital Jakarta. Separately, police said they had killed four suspected members of JAD in Cianjur, West Java. How has the country reacted? Christian leaders urged calm. "We don't need to be afraid when facing terror threats. We must leave it completely to the government to handle," the head of the Indonesian Communion of Churches said in a statement on Sunday quoted by The Jakarta Post. Indonesia's Foreign Minister Retno Marsudi condemned the attack and sent her condolences to the victims and their families. What is the history of militancy in Indonesia? Following the country's worst-ever attack in 2002 - when 202 people were killed in two bombings outside a bar and nightclub on Bali - authorities launched a crack-down on extremist groups. But recent years have seen a number of attacks claimed by Islamic State (IS). Four civilians and four attackers were killed in a series of explosions and shootings in central Jakarta in January 2016; the first attack claimed by the group. In February this year, a number of people were injured in a sword attack at a church in Sleman, Yogyakarta. Police said that the attacker had previously tried to join IS in Syria.

ইন্দোনেশিয়ার সুরাবায়া শহরে তিনটি গির্জায় চালানো আত্মঘাতী হামলায় কমপক্ষে ১৩ জন মারা গেছে। আহত হয়েছে আরো অনেকে।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

By Quentin McDermottSydney Then imagine being wrongly accused of smothering them all and being sentenced to 30 years in jail for four terrible crimes you did not commit. That narrative is emerging as potentially the true story of Kathleen Folbigg, an Australian mother from the Hunter Valley region of New South Wales (NSW). Branded at her trial in 2003 as "Australia's worst female serial killer", Folbigg has already spent nearly 18 years in prison after being found guilty of the manslaughter of her firstborn Caleb, and the murder of her three subsequent children, Patrick, Sarah and Laura. But now, fresh scientific evidence is turning this case on its head. Last week a petition signed by 90 eminent scientists, science advocates and medical experts was handed to the Governor of NSW, requesting a pardon for Folbigg and her immediate release. Among the signatories were two Nobel laureates and two Australians of the Year, a former chief scientist, and the president of the Australian Academy of Science, Professor John Shine, who commented: "Given the scientific and medical evidence that now exists in this case, signing this petition was the right thing to do." If Folbigg is freed and her convictions are overturned, her ordeal will be seen as the worst miscarriage of justice in Australia's history - worse even than the case of Lindy Chamberlain, who served three years in prison after being wrongly convicted of murdering her baby, Azaria, at Uluru. The petition exposes a troubling gulf in this case between science and the law. Over several appeals and a detailed inquiry which re-examined Folbigg's convictions in 2019, Australia's judges have resolutely rejected the notion of reasonable doubt in her case, giving greater weight to the circumstantial evidence presented at her trial, and the ambiguous entries which she made in contemporaneous diaries. "It remains that the only conclusion reasonably open is that somebody intentionally caused harm to the children, and smothering was the obvious method," said Reginald Blanch, a former judge who led the inquiry. "The evidence pointed to no person other than Ms Folbigg." The NSW government further assured the public two years ago "that no stone has been left unturned". But the science, increasingly, points to the conclusion that there must be reasonable doubt about her convictions. "The science in this case is compelling and cannot be ignored," says human geneticist and researcher Professor Jozef Gecz. Child and public health researcher Professor Fiona Stanley says: "It is deeply concerning that medical and scientific evidence has been ignored, in preference of circumstantial evidence. We now have an alternative explanation for the death of the Folbigg children." That alternative explanation lies in the recent discovery of a genetic mutation in Kathleen Folbigg and her two daughters which, the scientists say, was "likely pathogenic" and which they believe caused the deaths of the two girls, Sarah and Laura. A different genetic mutation has been discovered in the two boys, Caleb and Patrick, although the scientists acknowledge that here, further research is needed. You might also be interested in: The initial discovery of the two girls' mutant gene, CALM2 G114R, was made in 2019 by a team led by Carola Vinuesa, a professor of immunology and genomic medicine at the Australian National University, and a driving force behind the petition calling for Folbigg's release. "We found a novel, never-before reported mutation in Sarah and Laura that had been inherited from Kathleen," Professor Vinuesa told the BBC. "The variant was in a gene called CALM2 (that encodes for calmodulin). Calmodulin variants can cause sudden cardiac death." In November last year, scientists from Australia, Denmark, France, Italy, Canada and the US reported further findings in the prestigious medical journal, Europace, published by the European Society of Cardiology. A team in Denmark, led by Aalborg University Professor Michael Toft Overgaard, conducted experiments designed to test the pathogenicity of the CALM2 variant. They found that the effects of the Folbigg mutation were as severe as those of other known CALM variants, which regularly cause cardiac arrests and sudden death, including in young children while asleep. The scientists stated: "We consider the variant likely precipitated the natural deaths of the two female children." Both girls were suffering from infections before they died, and the scientists suggested that: "A fatal arrhythmic event may have been triggered by their intercurrent infections." The scientists also reported that Caleb and Patrick each carried two rare variants in BSN, a gene shown to cause early onset lethal epilepsy in mice. The recent genetic discoveries follow in the footsteps of earlier expert medical opinions which support the theory that all four children died from natural causes. Professor Stephen Cordner, a Melbourne based forensic pathologist, re-examined the children's autopsies in 2015, concluding that: "There is no positive forensic pathology support for the contention that any or all of these children have been killed." He added: "There are no signs of smothering." Three years later, in 2018, forensic pathologist, Matthew Orde, Clinical Associate Professor at the University of British Columbia, told the Australian Broadcasting Corporation: "Fundamentally, I'm in agreement with Professor Cordner, in that all four of these child deaths could be explained by natural causes." Now, as Lindy Chamberlain did before her, Kathleen Folbigg bides her time in jail, awaiting the outcome of the petition and a recent hearing in the NSW Court of Appeal. She continues to protest her innocence. You may also be interested in:

মনে করুন আপনি একজন মা, চার সন্তানের জন্ম দিয়েছেন। দশ বছরে আপনার একজনের পর একজন সব কটি সন্তান শিশুকালে স্বাভাবিক কারণে মারা গেছে। কেমন মনের অবস্থা হবে আপনার?

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

The benefits applied to visits to GPs and specialists and were seen across different cultures and health systems. University of Exeter researchers said the human aspect of medical practice was "potentially life-saving" but had been neglected. GPs' leaders said they recognised the value of patients seeing "their own" doctor. Because of intense workforce pressures, however, this could mean waiting even longer for an appointment, the Royal College of GPs said. Continuity of care is known to be particularly beneficial for patients with chronic conditions, long-term mental health issues and complex needs. The study, published in BMJ Open, analysed the results of 22 studies in nine countries, including England, France, US, Canada and South Korea. Eighteen of the studies indicated that contact with the same doctor over an average of two years meant fewer deaths over the periods studied, compared with other patients. The researchers said continuity of care was important and should be given a higher priority in healthcare planning. 'Better communication' Prof Philip Evans, from the University of Exeter Medical School, said: "Continuity of care happens when a patient and a doctor see each other repeatedly and get to know each other. "This leads to better communication, patient satisfaction, adherence to medical advice and much lower use of hospital services." Sir Denis Pereira Gray, from St Leonard's GP practice in Exeter, who also worked on the study, said: "Patients have long known that it matters which doctor they see and how well they can communicate with them. "Until now, arranging for patients to see the doctor of their choice has been considered a matter of convenience or courtesy. "Now, it is clear it is about the quality of medical practice and is literally 'a matter of life and death'." Team effort Prof Kamila Hawthorne, vice-chair of the Royal College of GPs (RCGP), said many practices were trying out different approaches such as patients being assigned a team of healthcare professionals, including a GP, who had access to their records and could build relationships with them. She said: "Balancing continuity of care with timely access to GP services is a huge challenge for general practice. And ultimately the answer is more GPs and more resources for the profession." NHS England has pledged £2.4bn extra a year for general practice and 5,000 more GPs by 2020. The RCGP said these must be delivered to safeguard the future of general practice and patient care.

নতুন এক গবেষণায় বলছে যেসব রোগীরা একই ডাক্তারের কাছে চিকিৎসা নেন অর্থাৎ যখন-তখন চিকিৎসক বদলান না, তাদের মৃত্যুর হার কম।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

They were fired from South Hwanghae province across the peninsula into the sea to the east, a statement said. The North again expressed anger at US-South Korean military drills that began on Monday. It says they violate agreements reached with US President Donald Trump and South Korea's President Moon Jae-in. While the main drills will start on 11 August, low-key preparation has begun. The US said it was monitoring the situation and consulting with South Korea and Japan. Late on Monday, Washington introduced travel restrictions on people who have visited North Korea. Anyone who would normally be eligible for the US visa waiver programme will now have to apply for a US visa if they have visited North Korea in the last eight years. The new policy affects tourists from most European countries as well as Australia, New Zealand, and several Asian countries like Japan, Taiwan and Singapore. Why is North Korea testing missiles? A statement released by North Korea's Foreign Ministry on Tuesday does not mention the missile launches but it claims that the military drills in the South essentially force it to develop and test new weapons. Given the drills in the South, "we are compelled to develop, test and deploy the powerful physical means essential for national defence," the statement said. It also described the exercise as "an undisguised denial and a flagrant violation" of the recent talks between the US and North Korea (DPRK). "We have already warned several times that the joint military exercises would block progress in the DPRK-US relations and the inter-Korean relations and bring us into reconsideration of our earlier major steps," the statement warns. 'Pyongyang is piling on the pressure' By Laura Bicker, BBC News, Seoul In the last two weeks they've shown they can fire short-range missiles in daylight, at night and now from a number of bases including, unusually, one on the west coast. It takes a degree of confidence to launch a missile knowing it will fly over your own country. Pyongyang must have faith in this particular weapon. We usually have to guess North Korea's motives, but this time it issued a statement, presumably timed to coincide with launch. It included a stern warning to both Washington and Seoul. Once again Pyongyang declared it would consider a "new path" if the provocations, which include the joint military exercises, continued. That could mean North Korean leader Kim Jong-un will eventually be willing to break his promise to Donald Trump and test long range missiles or nuclear weapons. We're not at that stage yet. North Korea said it was still willing to talk - presumably once the joint military exercises are over. Pyongyang's message is out there for Washington to hear. But with Donald Trump insisting he's in no rush to do a deal and continuing to brush off these short range tests, it's not clear if his administration is listening. What do we know about the missile tests? According to South Korea's military, the North's launches on Tuesday appear to be short-range ballistic missiles, flying 450km (280 miles) at an altitude of 37km. Over the past two weeks, the North test-fired what South Korean officials said appeared to have been a new type of short-range missile. Last Friday, two missiles landed in the Sea of Japan, also known as the East Sea, according to South Korea's Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS). On Wednesday, the North launched two missiles that flew 250km and reached a height of 30km before landing in the Sea of Japan, according to South Korea. On 25 July, the North had fired two other missiles, one of which travelled about 690km. That was the first launch since President Trump and North Korean leader Kim Jong-un held an impromptu meeting in June at the demilitarised zone (DMZ), an area that divides the two Koreas, where they agreed to restart denuclearisation talks. What are the military drills about? Since the end of the Korean conflict, when Washington fought alongside Seoul against the North, the US has had troops stationed in South Korea. Each year, the two countries conduct military drills, often also called war games. Seoul and Washington say the drills are defensive but Pyongyang sees them as preparation for war. Following the 2018 summit in Singapore where North Korean leader Kim Jong-un and US President Donald Trump agreed a vague denuclearisation statement, the US president also said he'd cancel the war games. That year, Mr Kim said North Korea would stop nuclear testing and would no longer launch intercontinental ballistic missiles. Nuclear activity appears to be continuing, however, and satellite images of North Korea's main nuclear site last month showed movement, suggesting the country could be reprocessing radioactive material into bomb fuel. A second summit between the two leaders in Hanoi in 2019 ended without agreement. Since then, denuclearisation talks have stalled although both sides say they still want to pursue diplomacy.

উত্তর কোরিয়া আরো দু'টি মিসাইল উৎক্ষেপণ করেছে, যা দুই সপ্তাহের কম সময়ের মধ্যে তাদের চতুর্থ মিসাইল উৎক্ষেপণ বলে দাবি করেছে দক্ষিণ কোরিয়া।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

He said Mr Macron needed a mental health check for pledging to defend secular values and fight radical Islam. Mr Macron has spoken out forcefully on these issues after a French teacher was murdered for showing cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad in class. France "will not give up our cartoons", he said earlier this week. Depictions of the Prophet Muhammad can cause serious offence to Muslims because Islamic tradition explicitly forbids images of Muhammad and Allah (God). But state secularism - or laïcité - is central to France's national identity. Curbing freedom of expression to protect the feelings of one particular community, the state says, undermines the country's unity. Responding to Mr Macron's campaign to defend such values - which began before the teacher was murdered - Mr Erdogan asked in a speech: "What's the problem of the individual called Macron with Islam and with the Muslims?" He added: "Macron needs treatment on a mental level. "What else can be said to a head of state who does not understand freedom of belief and who behaves in this way to millions of people living in his country who are members of a different faith?" In the wake of the remarks, a French presidential official told AFP news agency that France's ambassador to Turkey was being recalled for consultations, and would be meeting Mr Macron. "President Erdogan's comments are unacceptable. Excess and rudeness are not a method. We demand that Erdogan change the course of his policy because it is dangerous in every respect," the official was quoted as saying. Erodgan is a pious Muslim who has sought to move Islam into Turkey's mainstream politics since his Islamist-rooted AK Party came to power in 2002. The diplomatic spat is latest issue to strain relations between France and Turkey, who are allies under Nato but disagree on a range of geo-political issues, including the civil wars in Syria and Libya, and the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over disputed Nagorno-Karabakh. Seven people, including two students, have been charged over the beheading of French teacher Samuel Paty on 16 October near Paris. His killer, 18-year-old Abdullakh Anzorov, was shot dead by police shortly after the attack, which took place near Mr Paty's school. In 2015, 12 people were killed in an attack on the offices of French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo. The publication was targeted by extremists for publishing cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad. Earlier this month, Mr Macron described Islam as a religion "in crisis," and announced plans for tougher laws to tackle what he called "Islamist separatism" in France. He said a minority of France's estimated six million Muslims were in danger of forming a "counter-society". Some in Western Europe's largest Muslim community have accused Mr Macron of trying to repress their religion and say his campaign risks legitimising Islamophobia.

তুরস্কের প্রেসিডেন্ট রেচেপ তায়েপ এরদোয়ান ফরাসী প্রেসিডেন্ট এমানুয়েল ম্যাক্রঁকে উদ্দেশ্য করে অপমানসূচক মন্তব্য করায় ফ্রান্সে অবস্থানরত তুরস্কের রাষ্ট্রদূতকে জন্য তলব করেছে ফ্রান্স কর্তৃপক্ষ।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

She was named Mihr un-Nisa at birth and was later named Nur Jahan (light of the world) by her husband, the Mughal emperor, Jahangir. She was born only a few decades after Queen Elizabeth I, yet she ruled a territory far more diverse than that of her British counterpart. The Mughals ruled much of the Indian subcontinent for more than 300 years after they came to power early in the 16th century. It was one of India's biggest and most powerful dynasties. Many of its emperors and royal women, including Nur Jahan, were patrons of art, music and architecture - they built grand cities and majestic forts, mosques and tombs. And as the dynast's only woman ruler, Nur Jahan is omnipresent in the folklore of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Stories about her abound in the homes, and near monuments, in Agra in northern Indian and Lahore in northern Pakistan - two major cities in the Mughal era, especially during her reign. Older men and women, tour guides and history aficionados tell stories of how Nur and Jahangir met and fell in love; of how she saved a village tormented by a man-eating tiger - she shot it deadwith a musket from her perch on top of an elephant. Though people have heard stories about her romance and, infrequently, of her bravery, little is known about her dynamic world, political acumen and powerful ambitions. She was a fascinating woman who came to rule an empire against extraordinary odds. She was a poet, an expert hunter and an innovative architect. Her design for her parents' tomb in Agra later inspired the construction of the Taj Mahal. A remarkable leader in a male-dominated world, Nur didn't come from royalty. Yet she ascended from the emperor's harem to great heights as an astute politician and the favourite wife of Jahangir, ruling the vast Mughal empire as a co-sovereign. But how did she become so powerful at a time when women rarely occupied public space? There is a lot to be said about her upbringing, the supportive network of men and women by her side, the special relationship she enjoyed with Jahangir, her ambition, and her land and its people. The plural, rich and tolerant culture of Al-Hind - the land beyond the river Indus, as the Arabs and Persians called northern India then - allowed different sensibilities, religions and traditions to coexist. Nur was born in 1577 near Kandahar (in present-day Afghanistan) to eminent Persian nobles who had left their home in Iran amid increasing intolerance under the Safavid dynasty to seek refuge in the more liberal Mughal empire. An admiring portrait Raised in a blend of traditions from her parents' birthplace and their adopted homeland, Nur first married a Mughal government official and former military officer in 1594. She moved with him to Bengal, a rich province in eastern India, and gave birth to her only child. When her husband was suspected of participating in a plot against Jahangir, the emperor ordered the governor of Bengal to bring him to his royal court in Agra. But Nur's husband was killed in a battle with the governor's men. The widowed Nur was given refuge in Jahangir's harem, where other women gradually started to trust and admire her. She married Jahangir in 1611, becoming his 20th and final wife. Though few women were mentioned in official court records at the time, Jahangir's memoirs from 1614 onward confirm his special relationship with Nur. And he painted an admiring portrait of her - as a sensitive companion, a superb caregiver, an accomplished adviser, a skilled hunter, a diplomat and an art lover. Many historians believe that Jahangir was an ailing drunkard who no longer had the stamina or focus to rule, and that is why he gave up the control of his kingdom to Nur. But that is not entirely true. Yes, the emperor was a drunkard and he smoked opium. Yes, he was deeply in love with his wife. But that's not why Nur became a ruler to be reckoned with. In fact, Nur and Jahangir complemented each other, and the emperor never felt uncomfortable with his wife's burgeoning influence as co-sovereign. Soon after their marriage, she issued her first royal order to protect the land rights of an employee. Her signature in the order read, Nur Jahan Padshah Begum, which translates as Nur Jahan, the Lady Emperor. It was a sign of sovereignty and an indication that her power was growing. In 1617, gold and silver coins, which bore her name opposite that of Jahangir, started circulating. Court chroniclers, foreign diplomats, tradesmen and visitors soon started to note her unique status. One courtier described an incident where she surprised many by appearing in the imperial balcony, which was reserved for men only. This was not her only act of defiance. Be it hunting, issuing imperial orders and coins, designing public buildings, taking measures to support poor women or champion the disadvantaged, Nur lived a life that was unusual among women at the time. She also led an army to save the emperor when he was taken captive - a daring act which ensured that her name was etched indelibly in public imagination, and in history. Historian Ruby Lal teaches at Emory University and is the author, most recently of Empress: The Astonishing Reign of Nur Jahan, published by WW Norton in US; and Penguin India, in India.

মুঘল সম্রাজ্ঞী নুর জাহান ছিলেন আঠারো শতকের ভারতের সবচেয়ে ক্ষমতাশালী নারীদের একজন। তাকে কেন একালের নারীবাদীরা একজন 'আইকন' হিসেবে দেখতে চাইছে? ইতিহাসবিদ রুবি লাল বোঝার চেষ্টা করেছেন এই লেখায়:

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

On Twitter, Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok paid tribute to women who had "endured the atrocities that resulted from the implementation of this law". The country's transitional authorities also dissolved the party of former President Omar al-Bashir. Mr Bashir seized power in a 1989 coup and ruled for nearly 30 years before peaceful protests ousted him in April. Sudan is currently led by a joint military and civilian council, as well as a civilian-led cabinet headed by Prime Minister Hamdok. Both the repeal of the public order law and dissolution of the National Congress Party (NCP) were a response to key demands of the protest movement, which aims to dismantle Mr Bashir's regime. People celebrated in the streets of the capital Khartoum overnight at news of the moves. Aisha Musa, one of two women on Sudan's new Sovereign Council, told BBC Newsday that while the former regime had focused on how women dressed and acted - including preventing women from wearing trousers - it had ignored their education and healthcare. "It is about time that all this corruption stops, that all this treatment for the women of Sudan stops," she said. What was the public order law? A 2017 report by two charities described the restrictions as a blend of legal and moral prohibitions "designed to exclude and intimidate women from actively participating in public life". They gave the authorities sweeping powers to arbitrarily control what women wore, whom they spoke to and saw, and any job they might hold - with any perceived offender facing punishment by flogging, or in rare cases stoning and even execution. Moreover, the public order rules were kept "vague and open-ended leaving them open to exploitation as a social control tool by the authorities," the report said. Human rights activist Hala al-Karib told BBC Newsday that repealing the law was a "massive step" for her country, arguing the legislation had enforced the old regime's ideology, which was "based in terror and discrimination". Authorities had had the power to "literally hunt women", she said, and these laws had disproportionately affected poorer women, women from conflict zones and people outside Khartoum. But while she welcomed the end of the law, Ms Karib said more needed to be done to end "a very discriminatory legal framework". Women were at the forefront of the movement that toppled Mr Bashir. Throughout the demonstrations women were visible on the frontlines, demanding greater freedoms for themselves and their country. "We need a fair and just country. We have suffered a lot. More than men in many cases. Women should be at the centre of any government," one activist told Al Jazeera news agency in April. One 22-year-old student Alaa Salah became an icon for demonstrators after a video of her leading chants against the former leader went viral, earning her the nickname "Nubian Queen". On 25 November, Sudan held its first march in decades for the International Day for Eliminating Violence Against Women. One law for the rich... By James Copnall, BBC News, Sudan analyst The decision to revoke the Public Order Law is a momentous step. The authorities used it in particular to control women. Some received 40 lashes for wearing trousers in public. The way the law was applied underlined the divisions and tensions within Sudanese society. In recent years it was common to see rich Khartoum women wearing trousers in public - while those targeted by the morality police were often poorer women from the marginalised areas on the periphery of this vast country. The NCP, meanwhile, was a colossus, the political vehicle for a regime which tried to reshape every part of Sudanese life - and cracked down extremely hard on anybody who disagreed. The authorities hope that dismantling the NCP will help stop the old regime from undermining the transitional government. There is a certain irony about a transitional government set up to move the country to democracy banning a political party. But nobody other than its partisans will mourn the NCP, which is blamed for creating so much misery. Those who led the protests - and women's rights activists in particular - are celebrating the demise of the NCP and the law, even if they recognise this is just the start of a longer struggle to transform Sudan. What about Mr Bashir's party? Dissolving Mr Bashir's National Congress Party (NCP) means that the authorities can seize the party's assets. The decree confirmed that a committee would be formed to do this. This, Mr Hamdok tweeted, was so they could "retrieve the stolen wealth of the people of Sudan". The decree also said "none of the symbols of the regime or party would be allowed to engage in any political activity for 10 years". A spokeswoman for the Sudanese Professionals Association, the protest group that toppled Mr Bashir, told the BBC this was "a historic moment". "This is a moment of relief, because each and every person in Sudan has been affected in some way or the other by this regime in a negative manner," spokeswoman Samahir Mubarak said. But the NCP condemned the move as "nothing more than a moral scandal, an act of intellectual bankruptcy and a total failure on the part of the illegal government". "The party is not bothered by any law or decision issued against it as the NCP is a strong party and its ideas will prevail," a post on the party's Facebook page read. What's happened in Sudan? The unrest in Sudan can be traced back to December 2018, when the Bashir government imposed emergency austerity measures. Cuts to bread and fuel subsidies sparked demonstrations in the east over living standards, and the anger spread to the capital. The protests broadened into demands for the removal of Mr Bashir - who had been in charge for 30 years. In April, the president was overthrown by the military after sit-ins outside the defence ministry, but demonstrators then wanted to ensure authority was swiftly transferred to a civilian administration. A transitional government which came to power in August has vowed to reunite the country.

সুদানের অন্তর্বর্তীকালীন সরকার এমন একটি আইন বাতিল করেছে, যার মাধ্যমে সুদানি নারীরা জনসমক্ষে কী করতে পারবেন বা কোন পোশাক পরতে পারবেন, সেসব পর্যন্ত নিয়ন্ত্রণ করা হতো।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

The Human Rights and Democracy Act mandates an annual review, to check if Hong Kong has enough autonomy to justify its special status with the US. Mr Trump said he signed the law "out of respect for President Xi [Jinping], China, and the people of Hong Kong". China's foreign ministry threatened "counter measures" if the US continued "going down the wrong path". Mr Trump is currently seeking a deal with China, in order to end a trade war between the two countries. "The US has been disregarding facts and distorting truth," a Chinese foreign ministry statement said. "It openly backed violent criminals who rampantly smashed facilities, set fire, assaulted innocent civilians, trampled on the rule of law, and jeopardized social order." The foreign ministry summoned the US ambassador to demand that Washington stops interfering in Chinese internal affairs. Hong Kong's government also reacted, saying the American bill would send the wrong signal and would not help to ease the situation. But a key activist in the Hong Kong protest movement, Joshua Wong, said the US law was a "remarkable achievement" for "all Hongkongers". Mr Trump had previously been non-committal about whether he would sign the bill, saying he was "with" Hong Kong but also that Mr Xi was "an incredible guy". However, the bill had widespread congressional support, which meant that even if he vetoed it, lawmakers could potentially have voted to overturn his decision. The president also signed a second bill, which bans the export of crowd-control munitions to the police in Hong Kong - including tear gas, rubber bullets and stun guns. "[The bills] are being enacted in the hope that leaders and representatives of China and Hong Kong will be able to amicably settle their differences, leading to long-term peace and prosperity for all," Mr Trump said. What does the law say? The bill was introduced in June in the early stages of the protests in Hong Kong, and was overwhelmingly approved by the House of Representatives last month. It says: "Hong Kong is part of China but has a largely separate legal and economic system. "The [annual review] shall assess whether China has eroded Hong Kong's civil liberties and rule of law as protected by Hong Kong's Basic Law." Among other things, Hong Kong's special trading status means it is not affected by US sanctions or tariffs placed on the mainland. The bill also says the US should allow Hong Kong residents to obtain US visas, even if they have been arrested for being part of non-violent protests. What is the situation in Hong Kong? Hong Kong's protests started in June against a proposed law to allow extradition to mainland China but it has since transformed into a larger pro-democracy movement. The protests have also seen increasingly violent clashes, with police being attacked, and officers firing live bullets. Protesters have thrown petrol bombs and attacked businesses seen as being pro-Beijing. The protesters, meanwhile, have accused police of brutality. On Sunday, Hong Kong held local council elections that were seen as a barometer of public opinion towards the government and the protesters. The elections saw a landslide victory for the pro-democracy movement, with 17 of the 18 councils now controlled by pro-democracy councillors. On Thursday, authorities moved into the Polytechnic University days after it had been the site of a fierce standoff between student activists and riot police. The police searched the campus for dangerous items, to gather evidence and to see whether any students were still left on the site.

মার্কিন প্রেসিডেন্ট ডোনাল্ড ট্রাম্প একটি প্রস্তাবকে আইন হিসেবে অনুমোদন দিয়েছেন যেটি হংকংয়ের গণতন্ত্রপন্থী বিক্ষোভকারীদের সমর্থন করে।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

By Carl MillerBBC Click Whether it is the daily Brexit face-offs, the endless scandals on Capitol Hill or the yellow vests of France, the space for meaningful compromise has dramatically shrunk. Instead, it's a time of digging in, fighting your corner, staying the course. No surrender. It signals a deeper malaise - as electorates become more polarised, democracies become more paralysed. Yet what if it doesn't need to be this way? What if new ways can be found to break deadlocks and bring electorates back together? Thousands of miles from the controversies around Trump and exiting the EU, a solution may have been found. For the last five years, Taiwan has been blending technology with politics to create a new way of making decisions. And with certain limits, it has found consensus where none seemed to exist. It began in 2014, when Taiwan was split by a trade bill. As in Hong Kong today, many feared the law would bring their country closer to China. Protestors entered its parliament and started a weeks-long occupation that became known as the Sunflower Revolution because they used the flower to represent a symbol of hope. "I was there the night before they burst in," Audrey Tang told me. She was a leading member of Taiwan's burgeoning scene of civic hackers who joined the protests. And in the wake of the occupation, the government asked for their help. Some of the civic hackers were invited to join the government and Tang became Taiwan's digital minister. Their aim was to design a new process that people from across political divides could join and express their views. But crucially, the process had to produce a consensus that the government could turn into new laws and regulations. Their creation was called vTaiwan - with the "v" standing for virtual - a platform where experts and other interested parties can deliberate contentious issues. It works by first seeking to crowdsource objective facts from those involved. Then users communicate with each other via a dedicated social media network called Pol.is, which lets them draft statements about how a matter should be solved, and respond to others' suggestions by either agreeing or disagreeing with them. Once a "rough consensus" has been reached, livestreamed or face-to-face meetings are organised so that participants can write out specific recommendations. Ride-hailing row The platform's first test was to regulate Uber. The ride-hailing service was expanding quickly in Taiwan, angering the traditional taxi industry as the US firm did not require its drivers to have a professional licence or the same type of insurance, and was not paying the same taxes as local firms. Customers, however, enjoyed cheaper fares and added convenience. To break the deadlock, vTaiwan invited groups from across the debate to join its online space. Pol.is lifted everyone out of their echo chambers. It churned through the many axes of agreements and disagreements and drew a map to show everyone exactly where they were in the debate. A number of different groups, with different attitudes, emerged. Taxi drivers, Uber drivers, Uber passengers, and other passengers formed four poles in the corners of the map. There was no reply button, so people couldn't troll each other's posts. And rather than showing the messages that divided each of the four groups, Pol.is simply made them invisible. It gave oxygen instead to statements that found support across different groups as well as within them. "Change the information structure," Colin Megill, one of its founders, told me, "and you can tweak power". Technically, the tweak was small, but politically its effect was enormous. Rather than encourage grandstanding or the trading of insults, it gamified finding consensus. "People compete to bring up the most nuanced statements that can win most people across," Tang told me. "They spend far more time discovering their commonalities rather than going down a rabbit hole on a particular issue." Setting the mood The debate continued and as people drafted more nuanced statements Pol.is showed that the four groups had became two. "Invariably, within three weeks or four," Tang told me, "we always find a shape where most people agree on most of the statements, most of the time." After a month, "consensus items" emerged, that enjoyed near-unanimous support. One, with 95% support across all groups, read: "The government should leverage this opportunity to challenge the taxi industry to improve their management and quality control systems so that drivers and riders would enjoy the same quality service as Uber." In July this year, I saw vTaiwan in action on another disruptive technology - e-vehicle regulation. The process had reached the final meeting stage and organisers had made efforts to put attendees in a co-operative mood. The room was softly lit, everyone ate food together and the only issues on the table were those Pol.is had already identified as those that most people agreed with. This was completely different from simply asking them to vote via an app. vTaiwan gave participants the agenda-setting power not just to determine the answer, but also define the question. And it didn't aim to find a majority of one side over another, but achieve consensus across them. As divisions were turned into consensuses, the government could act. New regulation was passed allowing Uber to operate with licensed drivers, and regular taxis to use apps. And after Uber, it has been used to set the agenda for 11 pieces of law and regulation, with eight more waiting to be voted on, on everything from the regulation of online alcohol sales, fin-tech regulation to new laws on revenge pornography. But there may be limitations. vTaiwan has not yet been tested on an issue of real, national division, much less one that is already entrenched. And there are still fears that an online process could exclude less digitally savvy groups. However, Taiwan's experiment may have a tremendously valuable lesson for us all. Democracy does not have to be fossilised or frozen in any particular form. The ones that evolve may be the ones that survive, even flourish, in a world where the pressures and challenges they face are surely changing just as quickly. Illustrations by Katie Horwich BBC Crossing Divides A season of stories about bringing people together in a fragmented world.

একটি বিষয়ে বাস্তবে প্রায় সকলেই একমত হতে পারে: রাজনীতি এখন তীব্রভাবে বিভক্ত হয়ে পড়েছে।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

Fergus WalshMedical correspondent@BBCFergusWalshon Twitter All seriously ill children in England with an unexplained disorder will be eligible for genome analysis, which involves mapping a person's entire genetic code, from next year. It follows a project at Addenbrooke's Hospital and Cambridge university. One in four children in intensive care had a genetic disorder, it found. Researchers were able to give a diagnosis within two to three weeks, which sometimes led to a change in treatment or spared children further invasive tests. In each case, the whole genome of the child and both their parents were sequenced, which showed whether a gene fault had been passed on. 'Fast meaningful result' So far, about 350 babies and children in intensive care at Addenbrooke's Hospital have had their genome, made up of billions of letters of DNA code, analysed as part of the Next Generation Children research project. In two-thirds of cases, the gene error had occurred spontaneously at conception rather than being inherited. The children had a range of conditions - including birth abnormalities, neurological symptoms including epilepsy, metabolic diseases or reduced growth. Lucy Raymond, professor of medical genetics and neurodevelopment at the University of Cambridge, who led the project, said: "It is astonishing to be able to give a meaningful result from whole genome sequencing analysis in just a couple of weeks, compared to earlier in my career, when we spent years simply trying to locate a single gene." One surprising finding was that a child's appearance and clinical symptoms alone were rarely a good predictor of whether they had a genetic condition. Prof Raymond said the project would be used as a template by the NHS Genomic Medicine Service and rolled out across England in 2020. This will mean that any baby or child in England admitted to intensive care with an unexplained condition will be eligible, together with their parents, for whole genome sequencing - the first national health service in the world to offer this. So what will it mean for families? First, a more rapid diagnosis. That was the case for Claire Cole and Kris Daly, parents of Millie-Mae, aged two, who has a rare form of epilepsy. They were offered whole genome sequencing last year, after Millie-Mae had been repeatedly admitted to hospital with uncontrolled seizures. Claire told BBC News: "We were given the result when she was in intensive care, and they immediately changed one of her medications which was aggravating for her type of epilepsy. "We saw a big difference as soon as that change was made," she said. Kris added: "The test result came amazingly quickly and was priceless, because it allowed us to put all the correct people in place and do the best for her." Claire and Kris, from Suffolk, who have three other older children, were told that Millie-Mae's condition was the result of a spontaneous mutation rather than being passed on from them. Claire said: "Millie-Mae has Dravet syndrome, which is a serious condition, so it was a difficult thing to be told, but I'm glad we have a diagnosis now, as not knowing would be very hard." Millie-Mae has a mutation in the SCN1A gene and routine genetic testing would have eventually revealed this. But Prof Raymond said this would have taken many more months, and with other conditions it could take years for families to get a diagnosis. She said: "Parents will no longer have to suffer an agonising diagnostic odyssey of going to different specialists repeating their story and we can use that time focused on the care of the child." The move to whole genome analysis has become possible because of the dramatic increase in the speed of sequencing, and the fall in price. It costs less than £1,000 to sequence a genome but Prof Raymond said this could eventually save the NHS money through avoiding repeated diagnostic tests when trying to find the cause of a rare disorder, which could previously take many years. How else could whole genome sequencing help families? In the case of Katie and Ian Picken, from Essex, it explained why their baby daughter, Seren, died, and gave them certainty that their son, Rhys, was unaffected. Seren was born in September 2017, apparently healthy, but within a few weeks she began to have seizures and was admitted to intensive care. Her condition deteriorated and she died at 13 weeks. Seren and her parents had had blood samples taken, which were sent for whole genome sequencing. The samples confirmed that she had a fatal mitochondrial disorder, but its cause could not be pinpointed because no variants were found in any genes known to cause disease. Prof Raymond and her team had found two variants in a previously unreported gene, NDUFA6, and that Seren had inherited one from each parent, but the role of the gene was unclear. In May 2018, Katie and Ian contacted Addenbrooke's to tell them that she was pregnant, and this prompted an urgent reanalysis of their genomes to establish whether the couple were at risk of passing on a fatal disorder. Using GeneMatcher, Prof Raymond uploaded the gene variants on to a global database and found three other children with the same incredibly rare condition, which affects mitochondrial function. A research paper was published within weeks, recording the first cases of the disorder - which was essential because the NHS can only offer prenatal testing for a gene if it has been published in medical literature. Katie had chorionic villus sampling at 15 weeks, where a small sample of cells is removed from the placenta. Both parents had passed on a faulty copy of the NDUFA6 gene to Seren, so it meant there was a one in four chance they would pass on the fatal disorder to their unborn son. There then followed an anxious few days waiting for the results before they got a call from Prof Raymond saying the pregnancy was unaffected. Ian said: "It was a hugely emotional moment; we sat and cried with happiness, and with sadness because of what we had gone through with Seren." The couple's son, Rhys, was born in December 2018, a year after the death of his sister, and is completely healthy. "Genomics has the potential to transform the delivery of care for patients which is why the NHS has prioritised it in its Long Term Plan," said Prof Dame Sue Hill, chief scientific officer of NHS England. "This Cambridge trial is important because not only does it show the potential benefits of whole genome sequencing to significantly improve care for seriously ill children, but it also demonstrates this technology can be delivered as part of a mainstream NHS service." Follow Fergus on Twitter.

জিনোম সিকোয়েন্সিং বা ডিএনএ-এর ক্রমবিন্যাসের মাধ্যমে বিরল রোগে আক্রান্ত শিশুদের রোগ নির্ণয়ে বৈপ্লবিক পরিবর্তন আনা যাবে বলে জানিয়েছেন ক্যামব্রিজের একদল গবেষক।