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projected-23572543-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Jersey%20Route%20185 | New Jersey Route 185 | Route description | Route 185 is a short one-block-long in in the U.S. state of , between and Linden Avenue. Route 185 is a freeway in the neighborhood of Jersey City. It is parallel to (the Newark Bay Extension of the ) on the eastern side. On Route 440, signs pointing the way to Route 185 imply that the highway runs directly to . In reality, the freeway ends at Linden Avenue, and travelers must journey one city block west to Caven Point Road, which continues north to Liberty State Park. At Route 185's junction with Route 440, the thru lanes of the Route 440 freeway northbound actually continue north as Route 185, and traffic wishing to continue on Route 440 must actually exit the freeway. Route 185 opened on February 25, 1988 at only 23% of its proposed routing. | Route 185 begins at a trumpet interchange with and Harbor Drive in . The route heads northward, surrounded by the northbound and southbound lanes of Route 440. Route 185 parallels Summit Place and interchanges once again with Route 440. After the interchange on and off ramps, the highway continues into the industrial area of Jersey City, passing over the former alignment and near the Greenville Railroad Yard. Route 185 parallels the () from this point on, until the designation terminates at an at-grade intersection with Linden Avenue East on . | [
"2018-07-07 14 24 26 View north along New Jersey State Route 185 (Caven Point Road) just north of New Jersey State Route 440 in Jersey City, Hudson County, New Jersey.jpg"
] | [
"Route description"
] | [
"State highways in New Jersey",
"Transportation in Jersey City, New Jersey",
"State highways in the United States shorter than one mile"
] | wit-train-topic-003602929 |
projected-06900366-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrzej%20Smolik | Andrzej Smolik | Introduction | Andrzej Smolik (born 10 February 1970, in ) is a Polish musician, composer, music producer, and multi-instrumentalist. He began his career as a keyboard player in the band in 1993. Later he collaborated with Wilki's vocalist, on the production of his solo album Solo. In 1996 and 1997 Smolik worked with the group . He also collaborated with Hey's vocalist on her solo album Milena in 1998. In following years he continued to work with Nosowska and Gawliński on their subsequent solo projects. He also worked with and with the group , and , , . Smolik won the national "Fryderyk" award for composers in 2003 and 2004. And in 2004 he won a '' from one of the biggest opinion-forming s in - ("Politics"). His solo albums are Smolik (2001), Smolik 2 (2003), 3 (2006) and "4" (2010). | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1970 births",
"Living people",
"Musicians from Świnoujście",
"Polish keyboardists",
"Polish record producers"
] | wit-train-topic-001029658 |
|
projected-06900414-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20rowing%20blades | List of rowing blades | School and university | This is a list of s of national teams, s, schools and . The designs are not trademarked while the sport remains near globally not-for-profit although in some jurisdictions a club may assert and similar to prevent imitation. It is also possible where identical or near identical blades are watched in winter s or in summer side-by-side (multi-lane regatta) races for there to be instances of mistaken identity among supporters all of which considerations are commonly borne in mind instead of choosing unpainted blades among established clubs. | As with other academic sports teams the blades used tend to draw as their inspiration heraldry of their academic institutions. On rare occasions a colour difference between male and female blades is found in academic settings, as in the case of . | [] | [
"School and university"
] | [
"Rowing-related lists"
] | wit-train-topic-003979389 |
projected-44496783-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A.F.C.%20Bridgnorth | A.F.C. Bridgnorth | Introduction | AFC Bridgnorth is a club based in the town of , , . They are currently members of the and play at Crown Meadow.
The club badge depicts the town hall in Bridgnorth's high town. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"A.F.C. Bridgnorth",
"Football clubs in England",
"Football clubs in Shropshire",
"Association football clubs established in 2013",
"2013 establishments in England",
"Bridgnorth",
"Phoenix clubs (association football)",
"Midland Football Combination",
"Southern Football League clubs",
"Midland Football Alliance",
"West Midlands (Regional) League",
"Midland Football League"
] | wit-train-topic-005001866 |
|
projected-44496802-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moola%20Bulla | Moola Bulla | Introduction | Moola Bulla Station is a pastoral lease that operates as a in the region of . It is approximately west of and south of , and occupies an area of . It bisects the watershed of the and s.
Moola Bulla was established in 1910 as a government-run station for the punishment of people, and remains an area that indigenous peoples avoid. With increasingly bloody conflict between Aborigines and , it was hoped that opening a station would reduce the need for Aborigines to kill livestock for food, and that they could instead be trained for work on other s. The station was acquired for £18,061, and a manager and staff were appointed. The station was proclaimed a reserve and used as a camping ground for the local Aboriginal peoples, who were free to come and go as they pleased. The property's name is [which language?] for meat plenty.
By 1912, the property carried a herd of approximately 12,000 head of cattle, and the following year turned off 650 head and slaughtered 400 head for their own consumption. In 1916, it occupied an area of , about long and wide.
The homestead was stocked with 13,000 head of cattle and 500 head of horses in 1916. In 1917 the property recorded over rain, far above the average of the previous few years and guaranteeing a good next season.
By 1920 the property occupied an area of and was stocked with 14,000 cattle. Employees of the station numbered close to 260, of which seven were of European descent. Aboriginal people such as young artist and her family, originally from the Walmajarri desert tribe, were sent to work at the station by authorities to prevent them from returning to their former tribal lands.
In 1955, the state government sold the station to Queensland pastoralist Allan Goldman for £100,000. When Goldman bought Moola Bulla station, its 200 Aboriginal residents were given 24 hours to leave, and Moola Bulla sent truckloads of them to at Fitzroy Crossing. Goldman sold the station two years later, for £150,000, to a syndicate of investors including Northern Territory grazier H. J. Mortimer.
Peter Camm had been poised to buy the station, but the deal fell through when he was charged with cattle theft. The property was then acquired in 2001 by a syndicate of investors, including Andrew Cranswick, for 18 million. In 2006, the syndicate sold it to agribusiness company for an estimated 30 million.
Following Great Southern Group's 2009 collapse, Moola Bulla was sold in 2010 to its former part-owner, the South African Western Australian Pastoral Company (also owner of Beefwood Park) for 20 million, with 25,000 head of cattle.
In December 2014, the pastoral lease, along with Mt. Amhurst, Beefwood Park and Shamrock Stations, was to become part of 's Liveringa Station Beef company, pending approval of higher stock numbers by the Western Australian Pastoral Board. However, the deal fell through and the property is still owned by SAWA. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Pastoral leases in Western Australia",
"Stations (Australian agriculture)",
"Kimberley (Western Australia)",
"1910 establishments in Australia"
] | wit-train-topic-000200128 |
|
projected-06900423-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan%20Millman | Joan Millman | Introduction | Joan L. Millman (born April 20, 1940) represented District 52 in the , which consists of the neighborhoods of , , , , , , , and .
Chosen in a held in 1997, Millman served as the Chairwoman of the Assembly Commission on Government Administration and the Assembly Task Force on Women's Issues, as well as sitting on the Assembly committees on Aging, Alcoholism and Drug Abuse, Corporations, among several other standing committee assignments.
Prior to her election to the Assembly, from 1985 to 1996, Millman served as an educational consultant in several capacities, including as a consultant to former NY City Council President and Senator , as well as facilitator for Comprehensive School Development and Planning. She was also a member of the Citywide Advisory Committee on Middle School Initiatives from 1995 to 1996.
Millman holds a B.A. from , as well as an M.A. in from the .
In early 2014, the Assembly member announced that she would retire from the New York State Assembly and not run for reelection
in the same year.
On September 10, 2014, Jo Anne Simon won a 3 way Democratic Primary to succeed Assemblymember Millman. Jo Ann Simon won 5,482 (52.9%) out of 10,371 votes in this September 2014 election. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1940 births",
"Members of the New York State Assembly",
"New York (state) Democrats",
"Living people",
"Women state legislators in New York (state)",
"21st-century American politicians",
"21st-century American women politicians",
"Brooklyn College alumni",
"20th-century American politicians",
"20th-century American women politicians"
] | wit-train-topic-004361306 |
|
projected-44496804-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas%20McCarthy%20%28pianist%29 | Nicholas McCarthy (pianist) | Introduction | Nicholas McCarthy is a British classical . Born without a right hand, he was the first left-hand-only pianist to graduate from the in in its 130-year history.
McCarthy was raised in , . He began his piano studies at 14, and by 17 was accepted into the Junior department at the , where he won the annual piano prize, on the proviso that he focus on repertoire written specifically for the left hand. He then enrolled in the keyboard department at the Royal College of Music, becoming its first left-hand-only graduate in 2012.
McCarthy was an original member of the , an ensemble founded by conductor in 2011, which performed alongside during the of the in in September 2012. He left the Paraorchestra shortly after to pursue several international solo tours.
On 23 September 2013 McCarthy spoke of his experiences at a held at the . In 2014 he featured as a guest presenter for the televised broadcast.
On 4 November 2015, McCarthy appeared on 's programme, during which he discussed the recording of his debut album Solo, which had recently reached Number 4 in the classical music charts. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Living people",
"English classical pianists",
"Male classical pianists",
"Alumni of the Royal College of Music",
"Classical pianists who played with one arm",
"21st-century classical pianists",
"Year of birth missing (living people)",
"21st-century British male musicians"
] | wit-train-topic-003704288 |
|
projected-06900447-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebra%20bullhead%20shark | Zebra bullhead shark | Introduction | The zebra bullhead shark (Heterodontus zebra) is a of the Heterodontidae found in the central between latitudes and , from Japan and Korea to Australia. It is typically found at relatively shallow depths down to , but off , it occurs between . It can reach a length of . The reproduction of this bullhead shark is . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Heterodontidae",
"Fish described in 1831",
"Taxa named by John Edward Gray"
] | wit-train-topic-003251009 |
|
projected-44496805-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando%20Rosas%20Pfingsthorn | Fernando Rosas Pfingsthorn | Youth and Children's Orchestras Foundation of Chile | Fernando Rosas Pfingsthorn (, August 7, 1931 – , October 5, 2007) was a Chilean and one of the founders of the . | In 1991, Fernando Rosas received a special invitation from the Venezuelan Minister of Culture, , to meet the country's Youth Orchestras. As a result of this experience, the Beethoven Foundation (directed by him) and Chilean Education Ministry launched a program to create and support youth orchestras in Chile in 1992. The program worked with the help of instructors that travelled to , , , , , and (the cities covered by the program) teaching orchestra members and encouraging other young people to join.
As part of this program, he created the National Youth Symphony Orchestra in 1994, a group of 100 young adults and teenagers between the ages of 14 and 25, selected in a public competition. Rosas would be its chief conductor until late 2001, performing throughout Chile. In May 2001, he proposed and helped create the "Fundación Nacional de Orquestas Juveniles" or Youth and Children's Orchestras Foundation of Chile, along with , and became its executive director. | [] | [
"Life and work",
"Youth and Children's Orchestras Foundation of Chile"
] | [
"20th-century American conductors (music)",
"21st-century American conductors (music)",
"Juilliard School alumni",
"1931 births",
"2007 deaths",
"Chilean conductors (music)",
"Musicians from Valparaíso",
"American male conductors (music)",
"20th-century American male musicians",
"21st-century American male musicians"
] | wit-train-topic-003332686 |
projected-44496818-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioglossa%20argodora | Idioglossa argodora | Introduction | Idioglossa argodora is a species of of the family . It is known from .
The is about 10 mm. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Moths described in 1913",
"Batrachedridae"
] | wit-train-topic-004497347 |
|
projected-20465016-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plunketts%20Creek%20Bridge%20No.%203 | Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 | Introduction | Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 was a stone over in , in the of . It was built between 1840 and 1875, probably closer to 1840, when the road along the creek between the villages of Barbours and Proctor was constructed. Going upstream from the mouth, the bridge was the third to cross the creek, hence its name.
The bridge was long, with an arch that spanned , a deck wide, and a roadway width of . It carried a single lane of traffic. In the 19th century, the bridge and its road were used by the , , and industries active along the creek. By the early 20th century, these industries had almost entirely left, and the villages declined. The area the bridge served reverted mostly to and it was used to access and a state farm.
Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 was considered "significant as an intact example of mid-19th century stone arch bridge construction", and was added to the (NRHP) on June 22, 1988. Although it was repaired after a major flood in 1918, a record flood on January 21, 1996, severely damaged the bridge, and it was demolished in March 1996. Before the 1996 flood about 450 vehicles crossed it each day. Later that year, a replacement bridge was built and the old stone structure was documented by the . It was removed from the NRHP on July 22, 2002. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Bridges completed in 1875",
"Bridges in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania",
"Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania",
"Demolished bridges in the United States",
"Historic American Engineering Record in Pennsylvania",
"National Register of Historic Places in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania",
"Stone arch bridges in the United States"
] | wit-train-topic-002888187 |
|
projected-20465016-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plunketts%20Creek%20Bridge%20No.%203 | Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 | Villages and road | Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 was a stone over in , in the of . It was built between 1840 and 1875, probably closer to 1840, when the road along the creek between the villages of Barbours and Proctor was constructed. Going upstream from the mouth, the bridge was the third to cross the creek, hence its name.
The bridge was long, with an arch that spanned , a deck wide, and a roadway width of . It carried a single lane of traffic. In the 19th century, the bridge and its road were used by the , , and industries active along the creek. By the early 20th century, these industries had almost entirely left, and the villages declined. The area the bridge served reverted mostly to and it was used to access and a state farm.
Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 was considered "significant as an intact example of mid-19th century stone arch bridge construction", and was added to the (NRHP) on June 22, 1988. Although it was repaired after a major flood in 1918, a record flood on January 21, 1996, severely damaged the bridge, and it was demolished in March 1996. Before the 1996 flood about 450 vehicles crossed it each day. Later that year, a replacement bridge was built and the old stone structure was documented by the . It was removed from the NRHP on July 22, 2002. | In 1832, John Barbour built a on Loyalsock Creek near the mouth of Plunketts Creek. This developed into the village of Barbours Mills, today known as Barbours. In the 19th century, Barbours had several s, a hotel, , many sawmills, a school, store and wagon maker. In 1840, a road was built north from Barbours along Plunketts Creek, crossing it several times. This is the earliest possible date for construction of the bridge, but the surviving county road docket on the construction mentions neither bridges nor for crossing the creek.
The bridge is at the mouth of Coal Mine , and the road it was on was used by the and industries that were active in Plunketts Creek Township during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Creeks in the township supplied to 14 mills in 1861, and by 1876 there were 19 sawmills, a mill, a en factory, and a . By the latter half of the 19th century, these industries supported the inhabitants of two villages in Plunketts Creek Township.
In 1868 the village of Proctorville was founded as a for Thomas E. Proctor's tannery, which was completed in 1873. Proctor, as it is now known, is north of Barbours along Plunketts Creek, and the main road to it crossed the bridge. The bark from trees was used in the tanning process, and the village originally sat in the midst of vast forests of hemlock. The tannery employed "several hundred" workers at wages between 50 cents and $1.75 a day. These employees lived in 120 company houses, which each cost $2 a month to rent. In 1892, Proctor had a barber shop, two blacksmiths, cigar stand, hall, leather shop, news stand, a post office (established in 1885), a two-room school, two stores, and a wagon shop.
The road between Barbours and Proctor crosses Plunketts Creek four times and the four bridges are numbered in order, starting from the southernmost in Barbours near the mouth and going upstream. While evidence such as maps indicates that the third bridge was constructed close to 1840, the first definitive proof of its existence is a survey to relocate the road between the second and third bridges in 1875. The first bridge over Plunketts Creek was replaced with a in 1880, and the second bridge was replaced in 1886. That same year, the road between the second and third bridges was moved again, returning to its original position on the west side of the creek.
Finished sole leather was hauled over the bridge by horse-drawn wagon south about to Little Bear Creek, where it was exchanged for "green" and other supplies brought north from . These were then hauled north across the bridge into Proctor. The hides, which were tanned to make leather, came from the United States, and as far away as , , and . Hemlock bark, used in the tanning process, was hauled to the tannery from up to away in both summer and winter, using wagons and sleds. The lumber boom on Plunketts Creek ended when the virgin timber ran out. By 1898, the was exhausted and the Proctor tannery, then owned by the Elk Tanning Company, was closed and dismantled. | [
"1916 Plunketts Creek Map.png"
] | [
"History",
"Villages and road"
] | [
"Bridges completed in 1875",
"Bridges in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania",
"Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania",
"Demolished bridges in the United States",
"Historic American Engineering Record in Pennsylvania",
"National Register of Historic Places in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania",
"Stone arch bridges in the United States"
] | wit-train-topic-001763106 |
projected-20465016-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plunketts%20Creek%20Bridge%20No.%203 | Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 | 20th century | Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 was a stone over in , in the of . It was built between 1840 and 1875, probably closer to 1840, when the road along the creek between the villages of Barbours and Proctor was constructed. Going upstream from the mouth, the bridge was the third to cross the creek, hence its name.
The bridge was long, with an arch that spanned , a deck wide, and a roadway width of . It carried a single lane of traffic. In the 19th century, the bridge and its road were used by the , , and industries active along the creek. By the early 20th century, these industries had almost entirely left, and the villages declined. The area the bridge served reverted mostly to and it was used to access and a state farm.
Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 was considered "significant as an intact example of mid-19th century stone arch bridge construction", and was added to the (NRHP) on June 22, 1988. Although it was repaired after a major flood in 1918, a record flood on January 21, 1996, severely damaged the bridge, and it was demolished in March 1996. Before the 1996 flood about 450 vehicles crossed it each day. Later that year, a replacement bridge was built and the old stone structure was documented by the . It was removed from the NRHP on July 22, 2002. | Small-scale lumbering continued in the watershed in the 20th century, but the last logs were floated under the bridge down Plunketts Creek to Loyalsock Creek in 1905. In 1918, a flood on the creek damaged the road for on both sides of the bridge, and caused "settling and cracking of the bridge itself". The bridge had needed repairs and reconstruction. In 1931, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania passed legislation that gave the state responsibility for the costs of road and bridge maintenance for many highways belonging to local municipalities. This took effect in 1932, relieving Plunketts Creek Township and Lycoming County of the responsibility.
Without timber and the tannery, the populations of Proctor and Barbours declined, as did traffic on the road and bridges between them. The Barbours post office closed in the 1930s and the Proctor post office closed on July 1, 1953. Both villages also lost their schools and almost all of their businesses. Proctor celebrated its centennial in 1968, and a 1970 newspaper article on its 39th annual "Proctor Homecoming" reunion called it a "near-deserted old tannery town". In the 1980s, the last store in Barbours closed, and the former hotel (which had become a hunting club) was torn down to make way for a new bridge across Loyalsock Creek.
Plunketts Creek has been a place for lumber and tourism since its villages were founded, and as industry declined, nature recovered. have since covered most of the clear-cut land. Pennsylvania's state legislature authorized the acquisition of abandoned and clear-cut land for in 1919, and the (PGC) acquired property along Plunketts Creek for State Game Lands Number 134 between 1937 and 1945. The main entrance to State Game Lands 134 is just north of the bridge site, on the east side of the creek.
The PGC established the Northcentral State Game Farm in 1945 on part of State Game Lands 134 to raise wild turkey. The farm was converted to production in 1981, and, as of 2007, it was one of four Pennsylvania state game farms that produced about 200,000 pheasants each year for release on land open to public hunting. The Northcentral State Game Farm is chiefly in the Plunketts Creek valley, just south of Proctor and north of the bridge. The opening weekend of the trout season brings more people into the village of Barbours at the mouth of Plunketts Creek than any other time of the year.
On June 22, 1988, the bridge was added to the (NRHP), as part of the (MPS) of Highway Bridges Owned by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Transportation, TR. The MPS included 135 bridges owned by the (PennDOT), 58 of which were of the stone arch type. While the individual NRHP form for the bridge cites a 1932 inspection report (the year that the state took over its maintenance), the MPS form mistakenly gives the bridge's date of construction as 1932. | [
"Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3, photo 5, Crop.jpg"
] | [
"History",
"20th century"
] | [
"Bridges completed in 1875",
"Bridges in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania",
"Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania",
"Demolished bridges in the United States",
"Historic American Engineering Record in Pennsylvania",
"National Register of Historic Places in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania",
"Stone arch bridges in the United States"
] | wit-train-topic-002583750 |
projected-20465016-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plunketts%20Creek%20Bridge%20No.%203 | Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 | Flood and destruction | Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 was a stone over in , in the of . It was built between 1840 and 1875, probably closer to 1840, when the road along the creek between the villages of Barbours and Proctor was constructed. Going upstream from the mouth, the bridge was the third to cross the creek, hence its name.
The bridge was long, with an arch that spanned , a deck wide, and a roadway width of . It carried a single lane of traffic. In the 19th century, the bridge and its road were used by the , , and industries active along the creek. By the early 20th century, these industries had almost entirely left, and the villages declined. The area the bridge served reverted mostly to and it was used to access and a state farm.
Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 was considered "significant as an intact example of mid-19th century stone arch bridge construction", and was added to the (NRHP) on June 22, 1988. Although it was repaired after a major flood in 1918, a record flood on January 21, 1996, severely damaged the bridge, and it was demolished in March 1996. Before the 1996 flood about 450 vehicles crossed it each day. Later that year, a replacement bridge was built and the old stone structure was documented by the . It was removed from the NRHP on July 22, 2002. | In January 1996, there was major flooding throughout Pennsylvania. The 1995–1996 early winter was unusually cold, and considerable ice buildup formed in local streams. A on January 6–8 produced up to of snow, which was followed on January 19–21 by more than of rain with temperatures as high as and winds up to . The rain and snowmelt caused flooding throughout Pennsylvania and s made this worse on many streams. Elsewhere in Lycoming County, flooding on in and near killed six people and caused millions of dollars in damage.
On Plunketts Creek, ice jams led to record flooding, which caused irreparable major damage to the mid-19th century stone arch bridge. Downstream in Barbours, the waters were deep in what was then called the village's "worst flood in history". Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 was one of two destroyed in Lycoming County, and on January 31 a photograph of the damaged bridge was featured on the front page of the with the caption "This old stone arch bridge over Plunketts Creek must be replaced." In neighboring , the , also on the NRHP, was so damaged by the flood that it remained closed for repairs until late December 1996. Throughout Pennsylvania, these floods led to 20 deaths and 69 municipal- or state-owned bridges being either "destroyed or closed until inspections could verify their safety".
When it became clear that the bridge could not be repaired, PennDOT awarded an emergency contract for a temporary bridge before the end of January, citing "emergency vehicles that can no longer travel directly from Barbours" to Proctor and beyond. The temporary bridge cost $87,000 and was wide. The photographs for the bridge's inclusion in the (HAER) were taken in January, and the HAER "documentation package was prepared as mitigation for the emergency demolition" of the bridge, which was collapsed in March. The permanent replacement bridge was completed in 1996, and the old bridge was removed from the NRHP on July 22, 2002. | [
"Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3, photo 6, Crop.jpg"
] | [
"History",
"Flood and destruction"
] | [
"Bridges completed in 1875",
"Bridges in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania",
"Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania",
"Demolished bridges in the United States",
"Historic American Engineering Record in Pennsylvania",
"National Register of Historic Places in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania",
"Stone arch bridges in the United States"
] | wit-train-topic-000534346 |
projected-20465016-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plunketts%20Creek%20Bridge%20No.%203 | Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 | Description and construction | Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 was a stone over in , in the of . It was built between 1840 and 1875, probably closer to 1840, when the road along the creek between the villages of Barbours and Proctor was constructed. Going upstream from the mouth, the bridge was the third to cross the creek, hence its name.
The bridge was long, with an arch that spanned , a deck wide, and a roadway width of . It carried a single lane of traffic. In the 19th century, the bridge and its road were used by the , , and industries active along the creek. By the early 20th century, these industries had almost entirely left, and the villages declined. The area the bridge served reverted mostly to and it was used to access and a state farm.
Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 was considered "significant as an intact example of mid-19th century stone arch bridge construction", and was added to the (NRHP) on June 22, 1988. Although it was repaired after a major flood in 1918, a record flood on January 21, 1996, severely damaged the bridge, and it was demolished in March 1996. Before the 1996 flood about 450 vehicles crossed it each day. Later that year, a replacement bridge was built and the old stone structure was documented by the . It was removed from the NRHP on July 22, 2002. | Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 was a stone , oriented roughly east–west over Plunketts Creek. Its overall length was and its single semi-circular arch spanned . The bridge deck width was , and its roadway was wide, which could accommodate only a single lane of traffic. Just before the flood that led to the bridge's destruction, about 450 vehicles crossed the bridge daily. The outside corners of the s were apart, which combined with the overall length of led to a total area of being listed on the NRHP.
The bridge rested on s which had been jacketed with concrete after its original construction. The arch was supported by s made of "irregular rubble stone", without a . There was also no stone giving the date or other construction information. The approaches were flanked by wing walls constructed of stones, and the walls were topped by s made of "rough, crenellated stones". The bridge's road deck rested directly on the top of its arch. This led to a "narrow wall at the arch crown" and a "protruding rock parapet" atop this spandrel wall on either side. Most stone arch bridges have solid parapets without decoration; this bridge's parapet was an ornamental feature. The parapet construction and appearance made the bridge unique among the 58 Pennsylvania stone arch bridges with which it was nominated for the NRHP.
Pennsylvania has a long history of stone arch bridges, including the oldest such bridge in use in the United States, the 1697 over in . Such bridges typically used local stone, with three types of finishing possible. Rubble or third-class masonry construction used stones just as they came from the quarry; squared-stone or second-class masonry used stones that had been roughly dressed and squared; and or first-class masonry used stones which had been finely dressed and carefully squared. Rubble masonry was the quickest and cheapest for construction, and had the largest . Many of the oldest stone bridges in Pennsylvania were built using rubble masonry techniques.
Stone bridge construction started with the excavation of foundations for the abutments. Then a temporary structure known as a center or centering would be built of wood or iron. This structure supported the stone arch during construction. Once the stone arch was built, the spandrel walls and wing walls could be added. Then the road bed was built, with fill (loose stones or dirt) added to support it as needed. Wall and arch stones were generally set in place dry to ensure a good fit, then set in . Once the bridge was complete and the mortar had properly hardened, the center was gradually lowered and then removed. In March 1996, after standing for between 156 and 121 years, the arch of Bridge No. 3 finally collapsed. | [
"Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 Summer.jpg"
] | [
"Description and construction"
] | [
"Bridges completed in 1875",
"Bridges in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania",
"Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania",
"Demolished bridges in the United States",
"Historic American Engineering Record in Pennsylvania",
"National Register of Historic Places in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania",
"Stone arch bridges in the United States"
] | wit-train-topic-000597111 |
projected-06900456-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guruceta%20Trophy | Guruceta Trophy | Introduction | In , the Guruceta trophy is awarded by sports newspaper to the best for each season. It is named in honour of the famous Spanish referee, . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"La Liga trophies and awards",
"Segunda División trophies and awards",
"Spanish football trophies and awards"
] | wit-train-topic-003476558 |
|
projected-44496840-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frutillar%20Musical%20Weeks | Frutillar Musical Weeks | Introduction | The Frutillar Musical Weeks (Semanas Musicales de Frutillar) is a that takes place every year in the southern an town of , . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Music festivals in Chile",
"Music festivals established in 1968",
"Llanquihue Province",
"Recurring events established in 1968",
"Chamber music festivals",
"Classical music festivals in Chile"
] | wit-train-topic-004798648 |
|
projected-44496840-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frutillar%20Musical%20Weeks | Frutillar Musical Weeks | Location and venues | The Frutillar Musical Weeks (Semanas Musicales de Frutillar) is a that takes place every year in the southern an town of , . | is a small and located in southern in the , 983 km (630 mi) south of , the capital.
The bay of Frutillar is found on the shores of , the largest lake lying entirely within Chile. Frutillar (which translates as “strawberry fields”) is known as the "City of Music" thanks to the festival, and was originally populated mainly by German settlers from Hamburg in the 1850s.
The main venue of the festival since 2010 is the Teatro del Lago (Theatre of the Lake), a theatre and concert hall housed in a 10,000 m2 building. Opening on November 6, 2010 after 12 years in development, it is located right on the shore of so that the interior auditorium enjoys a view of the snow-capped across the lake.
The architecture of the building is contemporary, but retains links with the traditional southern Chilean style, strongly influenced by German immigrants. Native materials were used in construction, such as wood, stone and copper.
The largest room in the venue is the "Espacio Tronador", which can seat almost 1,200 spectators. The auditorium is made completely of wood, and the spaces are outlined by the curved lines of the stage, rows of seats and high balconies.
There is also a range of other multipurpose salons and foyers, exhibition areas, rehearsal spaces, conference rooms and congress halls. | [
"Teatro del Lago - Frutillar - Chile.jpg",
"Teatro del lago-jaimesaid.jpg",
"Escultura Piano de Frutillar - Chile.jpg"
] | [
"Location and venues"
] | [
"Music festivals in Chile",
"Music festivals established in 1968",
"Llanquihue Province",
"Recurring events established in 1968",
"Chamber music festivals",
"Classical music festivals in Chile"
] | wit-train-topic-001066071 |
projected-06900492-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBL%20Pipeline | BBL Pipeline | Introduction | The BBL Pipeline (Balgzand Bacton Line, BBL) is a between the and the . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Energy infrastructure completed in 2006",
"Natural gas pipelines in the Netherlands",
"Natural gas pipelines in the United Kingdom",
"Netherlands–United Kingdom relations",
"North Sea energy",
"Pipelines under the North Sea",
"Uniper",
"2006 establishments in England",
"2006 establishments in the Netherlands"
] | wit-train-topic-003836088 |
|
projected-44496889-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artaxata | Artaxata | Introduction | Artashat (); as Artaxata () and Artaxiasata (), was a large commercial city and the of ancient during the reign of king ; the founder of the of the . The name of the city is derived from and means the "joy of " (see also; ). Founded by King in 176 BC, Artaxata served as the of the from 185 BC until 120 AD, and was known as the "Vostan Hayots" ("court/seal of the Armenians"). | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Former capitals of Armenia",
"Archaeological sites in Armenia",
"Forts in Armenia",
"Buildings and structures in Ararat Province",
"Ararat Province"
] | wit-train-topic-001747103 |
|
projected-44496889-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artaxata | Artaxata | Wars against Romans and Persians | Artashat (); as Artaxata () and Artaxiasata (), was a large commercial city and the of ancient during the reign of king ; the founder of the of the . The name of the city is derived from and means the "joy of " (see also; ). Founded by King in 176 BC, Artaxata served as the of the from 185 BC until 120 AD, and was known as the "Vostan Hayots" ("court/seal of the Armenians"). | During the reign of , the Armenian kingdom expanded and conquered many territories in the south and west, ultimately reaching the . Due to the remoteness of Artashat in the greater context of the empire, Tigranes built a new capital called . However, in 69 the Roman general invaded Armenia, at the outskirts of Tigranocerta, and sacked the new capital. As the harassed Roman forces continued to move northeast in pursuit of the Armenian king, a second prominent battle took place, this time at where, according to Roman sources, Tigranes II was defeated once again. Artashat was restored as capital of Armenia in 60 B.C.
However, the city remained a hotly contested military target for the next two centuries. It was occupied by n legions under the general , who razed it to the ground in 59 AD as part of the . After Emperor recognized as king of Armenia in 66, he granted him 50 million and sent architects and construction experts to help in the reconstruction of the ruined city. The city was temporarily renamed Neronia, in honor of its sponsor, Nero.
Artashat remained the capital of Armenia until 120 when the see of power was moved to during the reign of 117/8–144. After his death, the Romans led by invaded Armenia and destroyed Artashat in 162 A.D. Archaeological excavations conducted during the era uncovered a inscription bearing the full titles of the Emperor that was probably inscribed upon the governor's palace, dating back to the first quarter of the second century. Artashat remained one of the principal political and cultural centres of Armenia until 369 when it was thoroughly destroyed by the n invading army of king .
In 449, just prior to the , the city witnessed the gathering of the Artashat Council, where the political and religious leaders of Christian Armenia gathered to discuss the threats of the Sassanid king . However, after losing its status as a capital to and later , Artashat gradually lost its significance, though it continued to be a notable settlement for centuries.
In 587 during the reign of , Artashat and much of Armenia came under Roman administration after the Romans defeated the at the .
The exact location of ancient Artashat was identified during the 1920s, with archaeological excavations beginning in 1970. The archaeological site is south of the modern city of Artashat, near the monastery of . | [
"ARTAXATA antique Franck Devedjian fecit 2017.jpg",
"Temple tyr apollon artaxata.jpg",
"Fouilles archéologiques artaxata.jpg"
] | [
"History",
"Wars against Romans and Persians"
] | [
"Former capitals of Armenia",
"Archaeological sites in Armenia",
"Forts in Armenia",
"Buildings and structures in Ararat Province",
"Ararat Province"
] | wit-train-topic-000049082 |
projected-17327479-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VT-27 | VT-27 | Introduction | VT-27 is a primary training squadron of the . One of just five Navy primary training squadrons, VT-27 is one of two located on the . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Training squadrons of the United States Navy"
] | wit-train-topic-000812796 |
|
projected-44496890-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortilia%20parathicta | Tortilia parathicta | Introduction | Tortilia parathicta is a species of in the family. It is found in . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Stathmopodidae"
] | wit-train-topic-003416256 |
|
projected-23572604-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British%20Rail%20Class%2070%20%28diesel%29 | British Rail Class 70 (diesel) | Colas Rail | The British Rail Class 70 is a mainline freight locomotive series manufactured by in . They are operated in the United Kingdom by and . These locomotives replaced the as having the highest tractive effort of any Co-Co Diesel locomotive in use in the United Kingdom when they were introduced. | In November 2013, announced it had ordered ten class 70s for entry into service in 2014; the order included the Turkish built demonstrator 70099, renumbered as 70801, and the remainder of Freightliner's original order option of 30 locomotives.
Colas' locomotives were allotted numbers in the 708xx range. Locomotives 70802–70805 had already been constructed at the time of the order and were shipped to the United Kingdom in January 2014, with the rest assembled and delivered later the same year. In 2015, Colas announced the purchase of an additional seven locomotives, which were delivered by 2017. | [
"2015 Taunton track renewals - Colas 70803 at Bathpool.JPG"
] | [
"Operations",
"Colas Rail"
] | [
"British Rail diesel locomotives",
"Co-Co locomotives",
"GE PowerHaul",
"Railway locomotives introduced in 2009",
"Standard gauge locomotives of Great Britain",
"Diesel-electric locomotives of Great Britain"
] | wit-train-topic-004028697 |
projected-20465022-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Honduran%20general%20election | 2009 Honduran general election | Introduction | General elections were held in on 29 November 2009, including presidential, parliamentary and local elections. Voters went to the polls to elect:
A new to serve a four-year term starting on 27 January 2010.
128 members to serve a four-year term in the .
Representatives in municipal (local) governments.
The possibility of having a "" (Spanish: cuarta urna) at the 29 November election regarding the convocation of a National constituted a major element of the . | [
"Pepe Lobo 2010-01-27.jpg",
"Mapa Electoral de Honduras por municipios 2009.svg"
] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"2009 elections in Central America",
"Elections in Honduras",
"2009 in Honduras",
"Presidential elections in Honduras",
"November 2009 events in North America",
"Election and referendum articles with incomplete results"
] | wit-train-topic-003850731 |
|
projected-20465055-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bear%20Swamp%20Preserve | Bear Swamp Preserve | Introduction | Bear Swamp Preserve is a preserve and in , . It consists of a pond and surrounding of swamp and woodland. It is recognized for its tree population. It has two nature trails totaling about in length. | [
"Almost Looks Like Fall (9732241394).jpg"
] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"National Natural Landmarks in New York (state)",
"Geography of Albany County, New York",
"Nature Conservancy preserves in New York (state)"
] | wit-train-topic-000043496 |
|
projected-44497011-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patanotis | Patanotis | Introduction | Patanotis is a genus of s in the family . The species of this genus are found in . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Momphidae",
"Moths of Sri Lanka"
] | wit-train-topic-003300832 |
|
projected-23572619-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triotech | Triotech | Introduction | Triotech is a manufacturer of out-of-home multi-sensory interactive attractions.
Since 2006, TRIOTECH has operated its own studio to develop custom content for its attractions. Founded in 1999, TRIOTECH is a privately held company based in Canada with offices in the US, Europe, and China. with research and development facilities as well as a movie studio in .
They are known for their s such as and XD Dark Ride interactive theaters. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Canadian companies established in 1999",
"Privately held companies of Canada"
] | wit-train-topic-003456972 |
|
projected-20465076-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Porcupine%20%281807%29 | HMS Porcupine (1807) | Introduction | HMS Porcupine was a of 24 guns, launched in 1807. She served extensively and relatively independently in the Adriatic and the Western Mediterranean during the , with her boats performing many expeditions, one of which earned for her crew the Naval General Service Medal. She was sold for breaking up in 1816 but instead became the mercantile Windsor Castle. She was finally sold for breaking up in 1826 at Mauritius. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1807 ships",
"Banterer-class post ships",
"Ships of the British East India Company",
"Age of Sail merchant ships",
"Merchant ships of the United Kingdom",
"Ships built on the River Exe",
"Maritime incidents in June 1826"
] | wit-train-topic-005199984 |
|
projected-20465076-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Porcupine%20%281807%29 | HMS Porcupine (1807) | Western Mediterranean | HMS Porcupine was a of 24 guns, launched in 1807. She served extensively and relatively independently in the Adriatic and the Western Mediterranean during the , with her boats performing many expeditions, one of which earned for her crew the Naval General Service Medal. She was sold for breaking up in 1816 but instead became the mercantile Windsor Castle. She was finally sold for breaking up in 1826 at Mauritius. | Next, Duncan was ordered to cruise in the Western Mediterranean off and continued his successful operations against coastal shipping. Following the outbreak of the , Duncan was ordered to take the to . Duncan refused and was subject to disparaging comments about his age, although he was later proven correct in his assessment. In June 1808, Robert Elliott was appointed to replace Duncan; however, some months elapsed before he was able to do so.
On 23 June a French vessel exited and tried to elude Porcupine. However, Porcupine succeeded in running her ashore between two towers, each armed with two cannons. Lieutenant Price took in the boats and succeeded in destroying her, without suffering any casualties and despite heavy fire from the towers. The vessel was from and was sailing with a cargo of wine.
Two days later, Porcupine was off the island of when a daylight she encountered a French schooner. After an 11-hour chase, Porcupine succeeded in capturing her about four leagues south of . The French crew abandoned their vessel and escaped before Porcupine could take possession of her. She was Nouvelle Enterprise, three weeks old, pierced for 14 guns but only mounting six. She was 24 hours out of and was carrying bale goods for in Turkey.
However, on 9 July Duncan spotted an enemy merchant vessel, and her escorts, two gunboats, each armed with a 24-pounder gun, all sailing along the coast. Porcupine was becalmed off Monte Circello, so Duncan sent in her boats. After rowing eight hours in the heat, the boats succeeded in driving the merchant vessel on shore and the gunboats to take shelter under the guns of two shore batteries at Port d'Anzo (). Three more French vessels arrived and succeeded in getting into the harbour. One of the vessels was a large of six guns, and she anchored a little further out than the other vessels. That evening Duncan sent in the boats again to . The polacca, which had a crew of some 20-30 men, was expecting an attack and had tied her to the beach. French soldiers were on the beach, and the polacca was within close range of the batteries, a tower, and the gunboats. Still, the British succeeded in capturing her and getting her out to sea, though it took them about an hour and twenty minutes to do so. The polacca had been sailing from to Naples with a cargo of salt. In the attack, the British suffered eight men wounded, including Lieutenant Price, who was severely injured in his head and leg. He received a promotion to commander for this and earlier achievements in some 30 boat actions. In 1847 the Admiralty issued the Naval General Service Medal with clasp "10 July Boat Service 1808" to all surviving claimants from the action.
On 10 July, Porcupine captured Madonna de Rosario. Eleven days later, Porcupine ran a French polacca ashore near Monte Circello. Lieutenant Smith took in the boats and destroyed the polacca, which was of about 200 tons burthen (bm) and which had been carrying a cargo of iron hoops and staves. The cutting out expedition suffered no casualties though it came under fire from a tower with two guns located no more than a pistol-shot away.
After dark on 8 August, Porcupine, still under the command of Duncan, had her cutter and jolly boat under Lieutenant Francis Smith cut out a vessel she had run ashore on the island of . The cutting out party was successful, bringing out Concepcion, which was armed with four guns. She had been lying within 30 yards of a tower and a shore battery of six guns. She was also defended by soldiers on the beach and one of her guns which she had landed. She had been carrying bale goods from Genoa to Cyprus. The action cost Porcupine one man killed, and a lieutenant and eight men severely wounded, with three men later dying of their wounds. Smith might have received a promotion for this and prior actions but Duncan's letter to Admiral was lost and the duplicate arrived only after Collingwood had died in March 1810. | [
"Civitavecchia 1795.jpg"
] | [
"Service",
"Western Mediterranean"
] | [
"1807 ships",
"Banterer-class post ships",
"Ships of the British East India Company",
"Age of Sail merchant ships",
"Merchant ships of the United Kingdom",
"Ships built on the River Exe",
"Maritime incidents in June 1826"
] | wit-train-topic-002888264 |
projected-44497083-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad%20Mollenhauer%20GmbH | Conrad Mollenhauer GmbH | Introduction | Conrad Mollenhauer GmbH (commonly called simply Mollenhauer) is a leading German manufacturer of s.
The company was founded in 1822 by Johann Andreas Mollenhauer (1798–1871) in . In 1961 Bernhard Mollenhauer took over the business.
The company produces recorders for beginners and handmade instruments for soloists. In an effort to develop a renaissance style recorder for use by beginners developed the Adri's Dream recorder in collaboration with Mollenhauer in 1999. This line was later expanded to include Dream Edition recorders for more advanced players. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Manufacturing companies established in 1822",
"Flute makers",
"Fulda",
"Recorder makers",
"1822 establishments in Europe",
"Musical instrument manufacturing companies of Germany"
] | wit-train-topic-001110087 |
|
projected-20465089-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pine%E2%80%93cypress%20forest | Pine–cypress forest | Introduction | Pine–cypress forest is a type of mixed woodland in which at least one species of and one species of are present. Such forests are noted in several parts of North America including and . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Cupressaceae",
"Pinaceae"
] | wit-train-topic-000094816 |
|
projected-44497086-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phalaritica | Phalaritica | Introduction | Phalaritica is a genus of s in the family . There is only one species in this genus: Phalaritica vindex Meyrick, 1913 that is found in . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Momphidae",
"Moths of Sri Lanka"
] | wit-train-topic-004659288 |
|
projected-06900527-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob%20Jane | Bob Jane | Bob Jane T-Marts | Robert Frederick Jane (18 December 1929 – 28 September 2018) was an Australian driver and prominent entrepreneur and business tycoon. A four-time winner of the Armstrong 500, the race that became the prestigious and a four-time , Jane was well known for his chain of retailers, . Jane was inducted into the in 2000. | In 1965, Jane opened the first Bob Jane T-Marts store in Melbourne. The company remains an independent, family-owned business to this day; Bob's son, Rodney Jane, is the current CEO. In 2011, 81-year-old Jane resigned as chairman of T-Marts citing difficulties in the relationship with his son Rodney.
From 1984 To 1997 Bob Jane formed a cross shareholding partnership with Ian Diffen. Bob Jane operated in Queensland and Ian Richard Diffen operated Ian Diffen's World of Tyres and Mufflers in Western Australia.
From 2002 to 2004, Bob Jane T-Marts held the sponsorship for the , the race Jane dominated early in his career. The company also held the naming rights to the former , home of .
Bob Jane T-Marts is the only major tyre retailer in Australia who do not sell retread tyres. Jane's personal reason for this is that his second eldest daughter Georgina had died in a car accident in 1991 due to a retreaded tyre blowing out.
Having lost control of Bob Jane T-Marts, Jane attempted to create a new tyre business using his name. It was blocked by son Rodney in court which also ruled Jane pay legal costs. In May 2015, his Diggers Rest farm was seized by the state sheriff in order to settle the outstanding costs. | [
"BobJaneRockhampton1.jpg"
] | [
"Bob Jane T-Marts"
] | [
"Businesspeople from Melbourne",
"1929 births",
"2018 deaths",
"Bathurst 1000 winners",
"Tasman Series drivers",
"Australian Touring Car Championship drivers",
"Racing drivers from Melbourne",
"Tire industry people",
"Deaths from prostate cancer",
"Deaths from cancer in Victoria (Australia)"
] | wit-train-topic-003268896 |
projected-20465100-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavel%20Churav%C3%BD | Pavel Churavý | Introduction | Pavel Churavý (; born April 22, 1977 in ) is a skier who has competed since 1999. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1977 births",
"Czech male Nordic combined skiers",
"Living people",
"Nordic combined skiers at the 2002 Winter Olympics",
"Nordic combined skiers at the 2006 Winter Olympics",
"Nordic combined skiers at the 2010 Winter Olympics",
"Nordic combined skiers at the 2014 Winter Olympics",
"Olympic Nordic combined skiers of the Czech Republic",
"Sportspeople from Liberec"
] | wit-train-topic-001552168 |
|
projected-23572661-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tvardi%C8%9Ba | Tvardița | Introduction | {{Infobox settlement
|name = Tvardița
|official_name =
|other_name = Твърдица
|native_name =
|nickname =
|settlement_type =
|total_type =
|anthem = My Fortress <ref>
Tvardița (, Tvǎrdica) is a town in , . It was founded following the by refugees from , a town just south of the , and the surrounding region. The local Bulgarian population forms part of the larger group of .
The town is located from the district seat, , and from .
Previously a commune, Tvardița was declared a town in 2013. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Cities and towns in Moldova",
"Taraclia District",
"Bulgarian communities in Moldova"
] | wit-train-topic-000601734 |
|
projected-20465119-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%20of%20Genoa | Port of Genoa | Introduction | The Port of it is one of the most important in , in competition with the ports of and in the . With a trade volume of 51.6 million tonnes, it is the busiest port of after the by cargo tonnage.
Notably the port was used for dismantling the following the . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Transport in Genoa",
"Buildings and structures in Genoa",
"Ports and harbours of Italy",
"Tourist attractions in Genoa"
] | wit-train-topic-002814438 |
|
projected-20465119-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%20of%20Genoa | Port of Genoa | Structural characteristics | The Port of it is one of the most important in , in competition with the ports of and in the . With a trade volume of 51.6 million tonnes, it is the busiest port of after the by cargo tonnage.
Notably the port was used for dismantling the following the . | The Port of Genoa covers an area of about 700 hectares of land and 500 hectares on water, stretching for over 22 kilometres along the coastline, with 47 km of maritime ways and 30 km of operative quays.
There are 4 main entrances:
the Eastern inlet, affording access to the old port, to the shipyards, and to the terminals of Sampierdarena
the Western (Cornigliano) inlet, used mostly by ships operating at the ILVA quays
the Multedo entrance, for ships operating in the oil terminals and to the shipyards
the Pra' entrance, at the western end of the port, for ships operating at the container terminal | [
"Genova-Terminal traghetti-IMG 0295.JPG"
] | [
"Structural characteristics"
] | [
"Transport in Genoa",
"Buildings and structures in Genoa",
"Ports and harbours of Italy",
"Tourist attractions in Genoa"
] | wit-train-topic-000919827 |
projected-20465119-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%20of%20Genoa | Port of Genoa | Marinas | The Port of it is one of the most important in , in competition with the ports of and in the . With a trade volume of 51.6 million tonnes, it is the busiest port of after the by cargo tonnage.
Notably the port was used for dismantling the following the . | Besides the container and the passenger terminals, the shipyards and the other industrial and cargo facilities, in the port area there are also several s, where many sailboats and yachts are moored.
The marina of the Exhibition centre (305 berths).
The marina Duca degli Abruzzi, home of the (350 berths)
The marina Molo Vecchio, in the area of the old harbor (160 berths for yachts up to 150 metres)
The marina Porto antico (280 berths up to 60 metres)
The marina Genova Aeroporto (500 berths, with new facilities for s)
The marina of Pra', in the area of the old Pra' beach, now "Fascia di Rispetto di Pra'" (1000 berths) | [
"Salone nautico 47 Genova 06.jpg"
] | [
"Marinas"
] | [
"Transport in Genoa",
"Buildings and structures in Genoa",
"Ports and harbours of Italy",
"Tourist attractions in Genoa"
] | wit-train-topic-004867983 |
projected-06900559-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20E3 | HMS E3 | Introduction | HMS E3 was the third to be constructed, built at by in 1911-1912. Built with compartmentalisation and endurance not previously achievable, these were the best submarines in the at the start of the . She was sunk in the first ever successful attack on one submarine by another, when she was torpedoed on 18 October 1914 by . | [
"British E-class submarine HMS E3 Sunk on 18 October 1914.png"
] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"British E-class submarines of the Royal Navy",
"Ships built in Barrow-in-Furness",
"1912 ships",
"World War I submarines of the United Kingdom",
"Maritime incidents in October 1914",
"Ships sunk by German submarines in World War I",
"World War I shipwrecks in the North Sea",
"Lost submarines of the United Kingdom",
"Royal Navy ship names"
] | wit-train-topic-003309860 |
|
projected-23572698-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawa%20%28Hrycuniak%29 | Sawa (Hrycuniak) | Introduction | Metropolitan Sawa, (sometimes Sabbas, secular birth name Michał Hrycuniak; born 14 April 1938 in ) is the of and Metropolitan of All Poland, and hence the of the since 1998, the second largest organized religion in . Sawa was a longtime associate of communist actively working under name of TW Jurek during which he cooperated with communist authorities, leading a coordinated campaign both again individual church members and the Orthodox church itself. He supported and worked with communist government for the purpose of advancing his career within the Church. He is also a professor of . Previously, he was a bishop of and (1981–1998) and and (1979–1981). | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1938 births",
"Living people",
"People from Zamość County",
"Ministry of Public Security (Poland) officials",
"Bishops of the Polish Orthodox Church",
"Eastern Orthodox Christians from Poland",
"Recipients of the Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, 1st class",
"Eastern Orthodox bishops in Europe"
] | wit-train-topic-000605228 |
|
projected-23572709-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakasone%20Tuimiya | Nakasone Tuimiya | Introduction | {{nihongo|Nakasone Tuimiya, also Nakasone Tuyumya|仲宗根豊見親||extra=also : 仲宗根豊見親玄雅, Nakasone Tuyumya Genga' }}(active c. 1500–1530) was a Chieftain and later of the credited with repelling an invasion from , and expanding Miyako political control over some of the . When the Miyako Islands were attacked by the , Nakasone saved the people of Miyako from harm by agreeing to surrender to annexation by the Kingdom. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Ryukyuan chiefs",
"Aji (Ryukyu)",
"Year of birth uncertain",
"Ryukyuan people",
"15th-century Ryukyuan people",
"16th-century Ryukyuan people",
"Deified people"
] | wit-train-topic-001977012 |
|
projected-06900585-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen%20Mother%20Moore | Queen Mother Moore | Introduction | Queen Mother Moore (born Audley Moore; July 27, 1898 – May 2, 1997) was an African-American civil rights leader and a who was friends with such civil rights leaders as , , , , and . She was a figure in the and a founder of the . Dr. was her assistant for 20 years. Blakely was later enstooled in Ghana as a Nana (Queen Mother). | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1898 births",
"1997 deaths",
"Activists for African-American civil rights",
"People from New Iberia, Louisiana",
"American Black separatist activists",
"Women civil rights activists",
"20th-century African-American activists",
"20th-century African-American women",
"American women activists",
"Activists from Louisiana",
"American reparationists",
"African-American Catholics"
] | wit-train-topic-001341510 |
|
projected-06900585-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen%20Mother%20Moore | Queen Mother Moore | Biography | Queen Mother Moore (born Audley Moore; July 27, 1898 – May 2, 1997) was an African-American civil rights leader and a who was friends with such civil rights leaders as , , , , and . She was a figure in the and a founder of the . Dr. was her assistant for 20 years. Blakely was later enstooled in Ghana as a Nana (Queen Mother). | She was born Audley Moore in , to Ella and St. Cyr Moore on July 27, 1898. Both her parents died before she completed the fourth grade, her mother Ella Johnson dying in 1904 when Audley was six. Her grandmother, Nora Henry, had been enslaved at birth, the daughter of an African woman who was raped by her enslaver, who was a doctor. Audley Moore's grandfather was lynched, leaving her grandmother with five children with Moore's mother as the youngest. Moore became a at the age of 15.
Moore later had an adopted son, Thomas O. Warner.
After viewing a speech by , Moore moved to , and later became a leader and life member of the , founded in 1914 by Marcus Garvey. She participated in Garvey's first international convention in New York City and was a stock owner in the . Along with becoming a leading figure in the Civil Rights Movement, Moore worked for a variety of causes for over 60 years. Her last public appearance was at the alongside during October 1995.
Moore was the founder and president of the Universal Association of Ethiopian Women as well as the founder of the Committee for Reparations for Descendants of U.S. Slaves. She was a founding member of the Republic of New Afrika to fight for self-determination, land, and reparations.
In 1964, Moore founded the Eloise Moore College of African Studies, Mt. Addis Ababa in Parksville, New York. The college was destroyed by fire in the late 1970s.
For most of the 1950s and 1960s, Moore was the best-known advocate of . Operating out of Harlem and her organization, the Universal Association of Ethiopian Women, Moore actively promoted reparations from 1950 until her death.
Although raised , Moore disaffiliated during the , during which Moore felt took improper actions in supporting the Italian army. She later became bishop of the Apostolic Orthodox Church of Judea. She was also a founding member of the Commission to Eliminate Racism, Council of Churches of Greater New York. In organizing this commission, she staged a 24-hour sit-in for three weeks.
She was also a co-founder of the African American Cultural Foundation, Inc., which led the fight against usage of the slave term "Negro".
In 1957, Moore presented a petition to the and a second in 1959, arguing for self-determination, against genocide, for land and reparations, making her an international advocate. Interviewed by E. Menelik Pinto, Moore explained the petition, in which she asked for 200 billion dollars to monetarily compensate for 400 years of slavery. The petition also called for compensations to be given to African Americans who wish to return to Africa and those who wish to remain in America. Queen Mother Moore was the first signer of the New African agreement
Taking the first of many trips to Africa in 1972, she was given the title "" by members of the in , an honorific which became her informal name in the United States.
In 1990, Blakely took her to meet after his release from prison in , at the residence of President in , . In 1996 Blakely assisted Moore in enstooling in the presence of the International at the Lowes 5 at 125th Street, Harlem.
The first African American Chairman of the DNC (Democratic National Committee) and U.S. Secretary of Commerce , U.S. Congressman , NYC Mayor and U.S. Presidential Candidate honored, supported, acknowledged, respected and insured the well-being of Moore as a Royal Elder in the Harlem community.
, voice of the liberation struggle of a people was a God-daughter adored by Moore.
Queen Mother Moore died in a nursing home from natural causes at the age of 98. | [
"Queen Mother Moore.jpeg"
] | [
"Biography"
] | [
"1898 births",
"1997 deaths",
"Activists for African-American civil rights",
"People from New Iberia, Louisiana",
"American Black separatist activists",
"Women civil rights activists",
"20th-century African-American activists",
"20th-century African-American women",
"American women activists",
"Activists from Louisiana",
"American reparationists",
"African-American Catholics"
] | wit-train-topic-003795589 |
projected-44497129-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Meanix | Bill Meanix | Biography | William Henry Meanix (January 18, 1892 – October 13, 1957) was an American athlete. He held the in the from 1915 to 1920, and he won the event the first two times it was contested at the . | Meanix became a track athlete at the in , . He subsequently studied at and . At first, he did not specialize in any one event, but competed in the , and the .
Representing the , Meanix won the hurdles at the 1914 , becoming the inaugural champion; while the championships had been held since 1876, this was the first time the 440 yd hurdles had been contested. His winning time of 57.8 seconds was a new , although had run the slightly shorter in 55.0, equivalent to 55.3–55.4 for the distance; the world record for the imperial hurdles was 56.8, held by Britain's .
On July 16, 1915 Meanix ran the 440 yd hurdles in 54.6 at , improving Anderson's world record by more than two seconds and also breaking Bacon's time. He set his record in the same meet where surpassed 's from 1886. This time would remain Meanix's best, and stood as a world record until ran 54.2 in 1920. Meanix won the 1915 national championship in an even faster time, 52.6, but that race was held on a straight track and was , making the time statistically invalid. His most serious rival in that race was August Muenter, who had earlier run 53.6 in similar conditions, but he fell at the ninth hurdle while trailing Meanix.
In 1916 Meanix was challenged as the leading American by , who defeated him by two yards at the national championships in the meeting record time of 54.8. The following week Meanix beat him in a rematch, running 55.0, but Hummel was still selected for the 's top team of the year. At the 1917 Meanix was defeated by another newcomer, , in 55.2; the felt the use of , instead of the usual hurdles, had favored Smart, but he beat Meanix again at the national championships, where regular hurdles were used. Meanix took second, ahead of Hummel.
With , Meanix enlisted in the in November 1917. He was discharged as a in May 1919 and resumed hurdling, taking second behind Smart at the 1919 national championships. Meanix competed in the 1920 , but was eliminated in the semi-finals and failed to qualify for the Olympic team; instead, he (and Smart, who had also failed to qualify) represented the United States in post-Olympic meets against teams from France, Sweden and the British Empire.
In 1923 Meanix was appointed as 's track and field coach. He later returned to his former high school, the English High School, and had a long career there as a military drill instructor. During Meanix returned to active Army service, now with the rank of , and commanded an Army Specialized Training Unit at . He retired from the Army in 1946 as a . | [] | [
"Biography"
] | [
"1892 births",
"1957 deaths",
"Track and field athletes from Boston",
"American male hurdlers",
"Harvard Crimson men's track and field athletes",
"World record setters in athletics (track and field)",
"College track and field coaches in the United States",
"United States Army colonels",
"English High School of Boston alumni"
] | wit-train-topic-004637306 |
projected-06900598-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nessos%20Painter | Nessos Painter | Introduction | The Nessos Painter, also known as Netos or Nettos Painter, was a pioneer of Attic vase painting. He is considered to be the first Athenian to adopt the Corinthian style who went on to develop his own style and introduced innovations. The Nessos Painter is often known to be one of the original painters of black-figure. He only worked in this style, which is shown on his in the in . Most of the known Nessos Painter ceramics were found in settings such as cemeteries and mortuaries. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"7th-century BC deaths",
"Ancient Greek vase painters",
"Anonymous artists of antiquity",
"People from Attica",
"Year of birth unknown"
] | wit-train-topic-002501312 |
|
projected-06900598-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nessos%20Painter | Nessos Painter | Style and themes | The Nessos Painter, also known as Netos or Nettos Painter, was a pioneer of Attic vase painting. He is considered to be the first Athenian to adopt the Corinthian style who went on to develop his own style and introduced innovations. The Nessos Painter is often known to be one of the original painters of black-figure. He only worked in this style, which is shown on his in the in . Most of the known Nessos Painter ceramics were found in settings such as cemeteries and mortuaries. | Many of the artist's known works feature characters from Greek myths and legends. On the neck of a Middle Protoattic vase from the 7th century BCE, located in , the painter depicted fighting Heracles. In this depiction Heracles is moving from left to right, opposite the direction that a victor would take, prompting the belief that most of the Nessos Painter vessels are found in funerary settings. The painter's early works are reminiscent of the style, using space-filling ornamentation like that of . The 'Nessos' vase shows the artist establishing a style distinct from the Corinthian style, which at this stage (late 7th century BCE) was marked by clear clay fields and . The ornamentation and contour drawing was the critical distinction of the new black-figure style. Most of his work falls in the last quarter of the 7th century, during the transition from the proto-Corinthian to Corinthian. During this time he did not completely abandon contour drawing, but by using two or more etched lines he introduced a new sharpness and suggestion of form - most particularly with curls, feathers and spring designs.
The Nessos Painter also utilized the black-figure style along with artists such as , and . This style may have contributed towards Athenian realism. Black-figure style originated in Corinth, but became very popular among Athenians. Athenian realism may also have begun with black-figure painting. The painting on the Nessos Painter's name vase uses emotions portrayed through the story of Heracles killing Nessos.
According to Martin Robertson, The Nessos Painter is considered by historians to be the essential link between vase painting and the new , which uses animal motifs and mythological figures and scenes. It is sparing in its use of white opaque, but often uses red pigment to intensify the red color of the clay. It is theorized by that Egyptian figure painting may have influenced the Nessos Painter and his contemporaries, as the Egyptians used white to signify that a face belonged to a female and red to indicate that it belonged to a male. H.H. Scullard argues that Greece did not produce black-figure pottery, contributing to the demand of imported vessels in a style that has become popular among citizens that have traveled to Athens. Neither was Greece known for producing pottery that focused on religious subject matter, making and artists such as the Nessos Painter even more popular among foreign travelers.
Myths of Heracles originated with the Etruscans who were fascinated by the and stories of his travels to the underworld and ascent to to live with the gods after his death. The myth portrayed on the vessel shows Heracles trying to rescue from the centaur Nessos whom he shoots with his arrow. The story involves Deianira and Heracles summoning the centaur Nessos to cross the river Evenus in order to escape Oineus who was upset about his murdered nephew. Heracles crosses the river first, leaving Deianira with Nessos who attempts to rape her. Heracles, being so far away can only use his bow and arrow to shoot Nessos. While Nessos lays dying, he offers Deianira some of his blood to use as a love potion for Heracles. Unbeknownst to her, his blood is poisonous. Eventually, Deianira, jealous of Heracles's many sexual conquests, smears Nessos's blood on Heracles's cloak, burning his skin, driving him mad, and killing him. The vessel also has a depiction of Deianira riding away in a chariot with four horses, a scene that occurs after Heracles has saved Deianira and returns to strike the centaur once more to make sure he is dead. This myth was so popular with the Etruscans that they ended up purchasing many vessels depicting the scene.
Another distinctive feature of the Nessos Painter was the scale of some of his work, which reached over a meter in height. | [
"NAMA - Name vase of the Nessos Painter retouched.jpg"
] | [
"Style and themes"
] | [
"7th-century BC deaths",
"Ancient Greek vase painters",
"Anonymous artists of antiquity",
"People from Attica",
"Year of birth unknown"
] | wit-train-topic-000294704 |
projected-23572734-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jets%20Flight%20Crew | Jets Flight Crew | Jets Flight Crew | The Jets Flight Crew were a professional squad for the of the . The group was established in 2006 as the Jets Flag Crew, composed of six female flag carriers. In 2007, the group expanded and was appropriately renamed the Jets Flight Crew. The squad regularly performs choreographed routines during the team's home contests.
serves as director of the squad.
The squad is currently on hiatus until 2023 for a rebrand, however the squad members are still active individually in charity events by the Jets. | The Jets officially announced the creation of the Jets Flight Crew on August 7, 2007. The Flag Crew had been well received the previous year, and the team felt it best to take the next step and organize an official squad that could actively participate during home games. The intention of the crew was to "enhance the overall fan experience by bringing additional energy and enthusiasm to each home game."
Denise Garvey, a former Knicks City Dancer and , was brought in to coordinate the squad. Given her expertise and experience in performance and dance, Garvey, with the support of the organization, held closed auditions, inviting 46 young women to try out for the squad. Of the 46, ten were chosen to become the first members of the Jets Flight Crew. The organization continued to stress that the squad was not cheerleaders but rather a unique flag carrier/dance team.
Following their inaugural season, the Flight Crew held open auditions for the first time in 2008, increasing the number of members from 10 to 22, as the squad had been well received among the fans in 2007. The Jets announced their partnership with , founder of , who agreed to design the Flight Crew's 2008 uniforms.
The Flight Crew was expanded from 22 to 30 members in 2009. In 2010, the Jets, again, increased the size of the crew to as many as 40 members with Garvey noting that "We want to be the biggest presence we can be in the ." | [
"US Navy 091103-N-2147L-002 A Marine speaks with New York Jets cheerleaders aboard the amphibious transport dock ship Pre-commissioning Unit (PCU) New York (LPD 21). New York is New York is pierside in New York and will be comm.jpg",
"New York Jets cheerleaders.jpg",
"New York Jets cheerleader.jpg",
"Jets-Cheerleaders-Dec-28-08.jpg"
] | [
"History",
"Jets Flight Crew"
] | [
"2006 establishments in New York (state)",
"National Football League cheerleading squads",
"New York Jets",
"Performing groups established in 2006",
"Dance in New York City",
"Dance in New Jersey",
"History of women in New York (state)",
"History of women in New Jersey"
] | wit-train-topic-002238101 |
projected-06900605-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeanvion%20Yulu-Matondo | Jeanvion Yulu-Matondo | Introduction | Jeanvion Yulu-Matondo (born 5 January 1986) is a with roots who last played for Romanian club as a . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1986 births",
"Living people",
"Footballers from Kinshasa",
"Belgian footballers",
"Belgium youth international footballers",
"Democratic Republic of the Congo footballers",
"Belgian people of Democratic Republic of the Congo descent",
"Democratic Republic of the Congo emigrants to Belgium",
"Club Brugge KV players",
"Roda JC Kerkrade players",
"Bury F.C. players",
"PFC Levski Sofia players",
"K.V.C. Westerlo players",
"ASC Oțelul Galați players",
"Belgian First Division A players",
"Eredivisie players",
"First Professional Football League (Bulgaria) players",
"Liga I players",
"Belgian expatriate footballers",
"Belgian expatriate sportspeople in Bulgaria",
"Belgian expatriate sportspeople in England",
"Belgian expatriate sportspeople in the Netherlands",
"Belgian expatriate sportspeople in Romania",
"Expatriate footballers in Bulgaria",
"Expatriate footballers in Egypt",
"Expatriate footballers in England",
"Expatriate footballers in the Netherlands",
"Expatriate footballers in Romania",
"Association football forwards"
] | wit-train-topic-004682571 |
|
projected-06900608-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20festivals%20in%20Lethbridge | List of festivals in Lethbridge | Introduction | The following is a list of s and cultural events in , a city in the province of , . This list includes of diverse types, including regional festivals, , , , , , , and recurring festivals on . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Festivals in Lethbridge",
"Tourist attractions in Lethbridge",
"Lists of festivals in Canada by city"
] | wit-train-topic-001378611 |
|
projected-23572758-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/388th%20Operations%20Group | 388th Operations Group | Introduction | The 388th Operations Group (388 OG) is the flying component of the , assigned to the . The group is stationed at , .
During World War II, its predecessor unit, the 388th Bombardment Group (Heavy) was an unit in England, stationed at (Station 136). The group earned four s, flying over 300 combat missions (17 August 1943 – Regensburg; 26 June 1943 – Hanover; 12 May 1944 – Brux and 21 June 1944 on a shuttle mission to Russia). It also conducted Aphroditie radio-controlled B-24 Liberators as test guided bombs. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Military units and formations established in 1942",
"Military units and formations in Utah",
"Operations groups of the United States Air Force"
] | wit-train-topic-003319136 |
|
projected-23572758-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/388th%20Operations%20Group | 388th Operations Group | World War II | The 388th Operations Group (388 OG) is the flying component of the , assigned to the . The group is stationed at , .
During World War II, its predecessor unit, the 388th Bombardment Group (Heavy) was an unit in England, stationed at (Station 136). The group earned four s, flying over 300 combat missions (17 August 1943 – Regensburg; 26 June 1943 – Hanover; 12 May 1944 – Brux and 21 June 1944 on a shuttle mission to Russia). It also conducted Aphroditie radio-controlled B-24 Liberators as test guided bombs. | Activated on 24 December 1942 at Gowen Field in Idaho. Nucleus at Gowen moved to Wendover Field, Utah in early February 1943. Final training was conducted at Sioux City AAF SD from early May 1943 to 1 June 1943. The aircraft then began their overseas movement, taking the northern route via Newfoundland and Greenland, and finally from Iceland to Prestwick, Scotland. The ground unit left Sioux City on 12 June 1943 for Camp Kilmer, New Jersey and sailed on the Queen Elizabeth on 1 July 1943, arriving in Clyde on 7 July 1943. Assigned to the Eighth Air Force's 45th Combat Bombardment Wing. Its group tail code was a "Square-H".
The 388th BG began combat operations on 17 July 1943 by attacking an aircraft factory in . The unit functioned primarily as a strategic bombardment Organization until the war ended. Targets included industries, naval installations, oil storage plants, refineries, and communications centers in Germany, France, Poland, Belgium, Norway, , and the .
The group received a for withstanding heavy opposition to bomb a vital aircraft factory at on 17 August 1943. The 388th received another DUC for three outstanding missions: an attack against a tire and rubber factory in on 26 July 1943; the bombardment of a synthetic oil refinery in on 12 May 1944; and a strike against a synthetic oil refinery at on 21 June 1944, during a shuttle raid from England to .
The unit attacked many other significant targets, including aircraft factories in , , and ; airfields in , Paris, and Berlin; naval works at , , and ; chemical industries in ; ball-bearing plants in ; and marshalling yards in , , and . Operations also included support and interdictory missions. It helped prepare for the by attacking military installations in France, and on D-Day struck coastal guns, field batteries, and transportation. Continued to support ground forces during the campaign that followed, hitting such objectives as supply depots and troop concentrations. Bombed in support of ground forces at in July 1944 and at in August. Covered the in September 1944 by attacking military installations and airfields at . Aided the final drive through Germany during the early months of 1945 by striking targets such as marshalling yards, rail bridges, and road junctions.
Altogether the 388th flew 331 raids to European targets including nineteen missions from nearby . After , the group flew food to the Netherlands to relieve flood-stricken areas.
Redeployed to the US from June to August 1945 . The aircraft left RAF Knettishall between 9 June 1945 and July 1945. The ground unit sailed on the Queen Elizabeth from Greenock on 5 August 1945 and arrived in New York on 11 August 1945. The group was established at Sioux Falls AAF, South Dakota, and was inactivated there on 28 August 1945. | [
"388thbombgroup-patch.jpg",
" B-17F \"Tom Paine\" of the 388th Bomb Group, WW2.jpg"
] | [
"History",
"World War II"
] | [
"Military units and formations established in 1942",
"Military units and formations in Utah",
"Operations groups of the United States Air Force"
] | wit-train-topic-000751734 |
projected-23572758-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/388th%20Operations%20Group | 388th Operations Group | Cold War | The 388th Operations Group (388 OG) is the flying component of the , assigned to the . The group is stationed at , .
During World War II, its predecessor unit, the 388th Bombardment Group (Heavy) was an unit in England, stationed at (Station 136). The group earned four s, flying over 300 combat missions (17 August 1943 – Regensburg; 26 June 1943 – Hanover; 12 May 1944 – Brux and 21 June 1944 on a shuttle mission to Russia). It also conducted Aphroditie radio-controlled B-24 Liberators as test guided bombs. | The unit was reactivated as a fighter-bomber group in 1953 and equipped with F-86s. It was deployed to France from , in December 1954.
The mission of the 388th FBG was to train for and conduct tactical nuclear weapons delivery. Its secondary mission was to conduct non-atomic tactical air operations. Upon arrival of 388th Wing Headquarters at Etain, the construction delays and other problems seriously hampered the ability of the Wing to use the base for its flying operations. The 562nd FBS was forced to operate from , the 563rd from and the 561st from in West Germany for the winter of 1954–55.
In April and May 1955, rotational deployments to , Libya began for their first gunnery and bombing training since their arrival in Europe. In the fall, with enough facilities construction completed, the three flying squadrons were transferred from Germany and took up their home assignment at Étain.
On 22 November 1955, Det #1, 388th FBG was activated at Hahn Air Base to stand nuclear alert with the Wing's F-86's. Personnel and aircraft primarily came from the 561st FBS. In February 1956 the detachment was transferred to more spacious facilities at Spangdahlem Air Base. Rotational deployments of 8 F-86's and support personnel to Germany continued until the fall of 1957 when the 388th was inactivated.
In the fall of 1956 the 388th began planning for conversion to the Due to the adverse flying conditions at Etain for conversion training, the new aircraft were deployed to in Morocco, with the squadrons deploying their F-86's to Nouasseur, then returning to France or Spangdahlem in their new F-100s for Zulu Alert duties.
During this transition period, the 388th experienced a significant personnel crisis, with many of its officers and NCO's completing their two-year unaccompanied tour in France. The personnel problem became worse in the fall of 1957 with many single airmen completing their three years of overseas service and were rotating back to the United States (CONUS). The manning of the 388th fell to about 65 percent when on 8 December 1957 HQ USAFE inactivated the 388th FBG due to budgetary and personnel constraints. On 9 December the personnel and assets of the 388th were transferred to the . | [
"F-86h-53-1117-388fbw.jpeg"
] | [
"History",
"Cold War"
] | [
"Military units and formations established in 1942",
"Military units and formations in Utah",
"Operations groups of the United States Air Force"
] | wit-train-topic-004521761 |
projected-23572763-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman%20Grigoryan | Roman Grigoryan | Introduction | Roman Bagdasarovich Grigoryan (; born 14 September 1982) is a former n professional of descent. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1982 births",
"Living people",
"Footballers from Moscow",
"Armenian footballers",
"Russian footballers",
"Association football midfielders",
"Russian sportspeople of Armenian descent",
"PFC Krylia Sovetov Samara players",
"FC Shinnik Yaroslavl players",
"Russian Premier League players",
"FC Vityaz Podolsk players",
"FC Armavir players",
"FC Moscow players",
"FC Tambov players",
"FC Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk players",
"FC Novokuznetsk players"
] | wit-train-topic-002932522 |
|
projected-20465126-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade%20I%20listed%20buildings%20in%20Lancashire | Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire | Blackburn with Darwen | This is a list of s in , England.
In the United Kingdom, the term "listed building" refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical or cultural significance. These buildings are in three grades: Grade I consists of buildings of outstanding architectural or historical interest. Buildings in England are listed by the on recommendations provided by English Heritage, which also determines the grading. | |} | [] | [
"Blackburn with Darwen"
] | [
"Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire",
"Lists of Grade I listed buildings in England by county",
"Lists of listed buildings in Lancashire"
] | wit-train-topic-001555666 |
projected-20465126-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade%20I%20listed%20buildings%20in%20Lancashire | Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire | Blackpool | This is a list of s in , England.
In the United Kingdom, the term "listed building" refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical or cultural significance. These buildings are in three grades: Grade I consists of buildings of outstanding architectural or historical interest. Buildings in England are listed by the on recommendations provided by English Heritage, which also determines the grading. | |} | [] | [
"Blackpool"
] | [
"Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire",
"Lists of Grade I listed buildings in England by county",
"Lists of listed buildings in Lancashire"
] | wit-train-topic-004899389 |
projected-20465126-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade%20I%20listed%20buildings%20in%20Lancashire | Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire | Burnley | This is a list of s in , England.
In the United Kingdom, the term "listed building" refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical or cultural significance. These buildings are in three grades: Grade I consists of buildings of outstanding architectural or historical interest. Buildings in England are listed by the on recommendations provided by English Heritage, which also determines the grading. | |} | [] | [
"Burnley"
] | [
"Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire",
"Lists of Grade I listed buildings in England by county",
"Lists of listed buildings in Lancashire"
] | wit-train-topic-000460152 |
projected-20465126-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade%20I%20listed%20buildings%20in%20Lancashire | Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire | Chorley | This is a list of s in , England.
In the United Kingdom, the term "listed building" refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical or cultural significance. These buildings are in three grades: Grade I consists of buildings of outstanding architectural or historical interest. Buildings in England are listed by the on recommendations provided by English Heritage, which also determines the grading. | |} | [] | [
"Chorley"
] | [
"Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire",
"Lists of Grade I listed buildings in England by county",
"Lists of listed buildings in Lancashire"
] | wit-train-topic-000015697 |
projected-20465126-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade%20I%20listed%20buildings%20in%20Lancashire | Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire | Fylde | This is a list of s in , England.
In the United Kingdom, the term "listed building" refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical or cultural significance. These buildings are in three grades: Grade I consists of buildings of outstanding architectural or historical interest. Buildings in England are listed by the on recommendations provided by English Heritage, which also determines the grading. | |} | [] | [
"Fylde"
] | [
"Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire",
"Lists of Grade I listed buildings in England by county",
"Lists of listed buildings in Lancashire"
] | wit-train-topic-000084174 |
projected-20465126-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade%20I%20listed%20buildings%20in%20Lancashire | Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire | Hyndburn | This is a list of s in , England.
In the United Kingdom, the term "listed building" refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical or cultural significance. These buildings are in three grades: Grade I consists of buildings of outstanding architectural or historical interest. Buildings in England are listed by the on recommendations provided by English Heritage, which also determines the grading. | |} | [] | [
"Hyndburn"
] | [
"Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire",
"Lists of Grade I listed buildings in England by county",
"Lists of listed buildings in Lancashire"
] | wit-train-topic-000595786 |
projected-20465126-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade%20I%20listed%20buildings%20in%20Lancashire | Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire | Pendle | This is a list of s in , England.
In the United Kingdom, the term "listed building" refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical or cultural significance. These buildings are in three grades: Grade I consists of buildings of outstanding architectural or historical interest. Buildings in England are listed by the on recommendations provided by English Heritage, which also determines the grading. | |} | [] | [
"Pendle"
] | [
"Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire",
"Lists of Grade I listed buildings in England by county",
"Lists of listed buildings in Lancashire"
] | wit-train-topic-002263011 |
projected-20465126-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade%20I%20listed%20buildings%20in%20Lancashire | Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire | Preston | This is a list of s in , England.
In the United Kingdom, the term "listed building" refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical or cultural significance. These buildings are in three grades: Grade I consists of buildings of outstanding architectural or historical interest. Buildings in England are listed by the on recommendations provided by English Heritage, which also determines the grading. | |} | [] | [
"Preston"
] | [
"Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire",
"Lists of Grade I listed buildings in England by county",
"Lists of listed buildings in Lancashire"
] | wit-train-topic-001829544 |
projected-20465126-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade%20I%20listed%20buildings%20in%20Lancashire | Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire | Ribble Valley | This is a list of s in , England.
In the United Kingdom, the term "listed building" refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical or cultural significance. These buildings are in three grades: Grade I consists of buildings of outstanding architectural or historical interest. Buildings in England are listed by the on recommendations provided by English Heritage, which also determines the grading. | |} | [] | [
"Ribble Valley"
] | [
"Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire",
"Lists of Grade I listed buildings in England by county",
"Lists of listed buildings in Lancashire"
] | wit-train-topic-000073441 |
projected-20465126-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade%20I%20listed%20buildings%20in%20Lancashire | Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire | South Ribble | This is a list of s in , England.
In the United Kingdom, the term "listed building" refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical or cultural significance. These buildings are in three grades: Grade I consists of buildings of outstanding architectural or historical interest. Buildings in England are listed by the on recommendations provided by English Heritage, which also determines the grading. | |} | [] | [
"South Ribble"
] | [
"Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire",
"Lists of Grade I listed buildings in England by county",
"Lists of listed buildings in Lancashire"
] | wit-train-topic-000194672 |
projected-20465126-013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade%20I%20listed%20buildings%20in%20Lancashire | Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire | Wyre | This is a list of s in , England.
In the United Kingdom, the term "listed building" refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical or cultural significance. These buildings are in three grades: Grade I consists of buildings of outstanding architectural or historical interest. Buildings in England are listed by the on recommendations provided by English Heritage, which also determines the grading. | |} | [] | [
"Wyre"
] | [
"Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire",
"Lists of Grade I listed buildings in England by county",
"Lists of listed buildings in Lancashire"
] | wit-train-topic-001975114 |
projected-20465187-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First%20Methodist%20Church%20%28Clinton%2C%20Massachusetts%29 | First Methodist Church (Clinton, Massachusetts) | Introduction | The First Methodist Church is a historic building at 75 Walnut Street in . It is an L-shaped stone and stucco structure, two stories in height, with a steeply pitched slate roof. The ground floor is finished in uncoursed fieldstone. One entrance is set recessed behind a segmented stone arch at the southern end of the main facade, with a second entrance at the projecting gable at the northern end. The church was designed by Woodbury and Stuart of , and construction of the building was begun in 1927 for a congregation established in 1830. The complete plan for the building was never realized due to a lack of funding, and only the community center and rectory were completed. These were used by the congregation, the community center space acting as sanctuary, until the 1980s. The building was rehabilitated in 1988, and how houses two residences and office space.
The church was listed on the in 1990. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts",
"United Methodist churches in Massachusetts",
"Colonial Revival architecture in Massachusetts",
"Churches completed in 1926",
"Churches in Worcester County, Massachusetts",
"National Register of Historic Places in Worcester County, Massachusetts",
"Buildings and structures in Clinton, Massachusetts"
] | wit-train-topic-004019742 |
|
projected-17327553-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diego%20Capusotto | Diego Capusotto | Biography | Diego Esteban Capusotto (September 21, 1961) is an Argentinian TV presenter, actor, and humorist who is noted for his participation in TV shows like , and . | Diego Capusotto was born in , , on September 21, 1961, but moved to the neighborhood of when he was 7, where he lived for three decades.
At 25, he began to study acting at the Arlequines Theater. He has starred in several movies. The first, Zapada, una comedia beat (1999), was not released commercially. He followed up with Mataperros (2001), India Pravile (2003), Soy tu aventura (2003), Dos ilusiones (2004) and Regresados (2007), also known as D-Graduated. His most recent film was Pajaros Volando (2010).
His television career began in 1992 with De la cabeza, a series in which he worked with actors and comedians like , , , and . After the program was killed off by a falling out between Posca and the other actors, Capusotto teamed up with Casero and Alberti in a new comedy project, , which was broadcast intermittently between 1992 and 1997. Capusotto and Alberti would team up again, in 1998, on the cast of the TV series, Delikatessen, starring , and again in 1999 when the program Todo por dos pesos (99 Cent Store) made its debut: this program would finally establish Diego Capusotto as an icon of Argentinian comedy. For this series, in which he established some of his best and most famous characters like "Irma Jusid", "El Hombre Bobo", and "Peter Conchas", Capusotto received the for Comedy Performance in 2001.
Todo por dos pesos went off the air in 2002. In 2003, Capusotto played a mentally ill person in the series Sol Negro, produced by Sebastián Ortega and with performances by
and , among others.
On March 25, 2004, Capusotto returned to the theater together with Fabio Alberti to present the comedy show Una noche en Carlos Paz, written by and directed by , where they continued the of Todo por dos pesos. The show was followed by Qué noche Bariloche, which premiered in 2006.
Up to the age of 17, Capusotto wanted to play :
Capusotto was always involved with music, but he never wanted to make a career of it:
Capusotto co-wrote and starred in the comedy plays Una noche en Carlos Paz ("A Night in Carlos Paz") and Qué noche Bariloche ("What a Night, !"). In 2006, the TV show (Peter Capusotto and his videos), created and starring Capusotto, debuted on Rock&Pop TV (later airing on , and currently airing on ). The humoristic program (which features rarely seen ) consists in Capusotto parodying the different facets of the rock-and-roll lifestyle in various sketches, and taking rock personalities and stereotypes for an intertwining critique of several aspects of the Argentinean society and culture, with "Luis Almirante Brown (Artaud for millions)", "Pomelo, ídolo de rock" ("Pomelo, rock idol") and " y rock" as some of the highlights. The program has become a cult hit, and video clips from the show are frequently viewed on .
On December 17, 2007, after Peter Capusotto y sus videos was nominated for the , Capusotto received awards in the Musical Performance and Best Comedy Program categories.
On July 2, 2008, at the he received the award for Best Comedy Performance for Peter Capusotto and his videos. On 2009, he again received a Martín Fierro Award for Best Comedy Performance for Peter Capusotto and his videos. 2012 saw the release of Peter Capusotto y sus 3 Dimensiones ("Peter Capusotto and his Three Dimensions"), a movie based on the TV show, which was quite successful at the box office. | [] | [
"Biography"
] | [
"1961 births",
"Argentine male film actors",
"Argentine male stage actors",
"Argentine comedians",
"People from Morón Partido",
"Argentine people of Italian descent",
"Living people"
] | wit-train-topic-002746532 |
projected-17327565-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakestone%20Moor | Bakestone Moor | Introduction | Bakestone Moor is an area of settlement in , England. It is located on the west side of . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Geography of Derbyshire",
"Bolsover District"
] | wit-train-topic-003306752 |
|
projected-06900669-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narjis | Narjis | Birth of Muhammad al-Mahdi | Narjis () is believed by the to have been the mother of their Hidden , . His birth is said to have been providentially concealed by his father, , out of fear of persecution as they sought to eliminate an expected child of the eleventh Imam, whom persistent rumors described as a savior. After the death of his father in 260 (873-874 ), al-Mahdi is believed by the Twelvers to have entered a state of occultation which continues until his rise in the end of time to establish peace and justice on earth. The origin of Narjis is recorded as the or and her tomb is believed to be located in the in , . | Twelver sources report that the son of al-Askari was born to his wife, Narjis, around 255 (868). He was named Abu al-Qasim Muhammad, the same name and as the Islamic prophet, though he is more commonly known as Muhammad al-Mahdi. His birthdate is given differently, but most sources seem to agree on 15 , which is celebrated by the Shia for this occasion. The differences in these accounts have been attributed to al-Askari's attempts to hide the birth of his son from the Abbasids.
The birth of al-Mahdi is often compared in Twelver sources to the birth of in the Quran, who was miraculously saved from the pharaoh. As a child Imam, al-Mahdi is also often compared in Twelver sources to , since both are viewed as the proof of God () and both spoke with the authority of an adult while still a child.
The earliest account of his birth is given by Ibn Babawayh on the authority of Hakima Khatun, a close relative who was held in high esteem by the tenth and eleventh Imams. The account describes that the pregnancy of Narjis miraculously had no physical signs, similar to Moses' mother, and that Hakima Khatun was brought in as midwife only when the birth was due. While this and similar accounts are hagiographic in nature, they seem to suggest that the pregnancy of Narjis and birth of his son were deliberately concealed.
The Twelver accounts add that, except for a few trusted associates, the existence of al-Mahdi was kept secret since the Abbasids sought to eliminate the son of al-Askari, whom persistent rumors described as a savior. Hussain writes that the infant must have been sent to , where al-Askari's mother lived. It is also known that al-Askari left his estate to his mother, Hadith. Amir-Moezzi and Hussain suggest that this was another tactic by al-Askari to hide the birth of his son: in Shia jurisprudence (), under certain conditions, the mother is the sole inheritor if the deceased is childless. | [] | [
"Birth of Muhammad al-Mahdi"
] | [
"9th-century Byzantine women",
"9th-century Byzantine people",
"Shia Muslims",
"Twelvers",
"Wives of Shiite Imams",
"Mahdism"
] | wit-train-topic-000582002 |
projected-06900669-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narjis | Narjis | Tomb | Narjis () is believed by the to have been the mother of their Hidden , . His birth is said to have been providentially concealed by his father, , out of fear of persecution as they sought to eliminate an expected child of the eleventh Imam, whom persistent rumors described as a savior. After the death of his father in 260 (873-874 ), al-Mahdi is believed by the Twelvers to have entered a state of occultation which continues until his rise in the end of time to establish peace and justice on earth. The origin of Narjis is recorded as the or and her tomb is believed to be located in the in , . | The tomb of Narjis is located in the in , . The shrine also houses the tombs of Hasan al-Askari, Ali al-Hadi, and Hakima Khatun. As an important destination for Shia pilgrimage, the shrine was bombed in February 2006 and badly damaged. Another attack was executed on 13 June 2007, which led to the destruction of the two minarets of the shrine. Authorities in Iraq hold responsible for this attack.
A nearby shrine is said to mark the place where the occultation took place, under which there is a cellar () that hides a well (Bi'r al-Ghayba, ). Into this well, al-Mahdi is said to have disappeared. | [
"Al-Askari Mosque 2013.jpg"
] | [
"Tomb"
] | [
"9th-century Byzantine women",
"9th-century Byzantine people",
"Shia Muslims",
"Twelvers",
"Wives of Shiite Imams",
"Mahdism"
] | wit-train-topic-005048112 |
projected-06900671-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Goodnight | James Goodnight | Introduction | James Howard Goodnight (born January 6, 1943) is an American businessman and software developer. He has been the CEO of since 1976, which he co-founded that year with other faculty members of . As of February 2022, his net worth was estimated at US$7.3 billion. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1943 births",
"American billionaires",
"American technology chief executives",
"American humanitarians",
"American statisticians",
"Businesspeople in software",
"Living people",
"Businesspeople from North Carolina",
"North Carolina State University alumni",
"People from Cary, North Carolina",
"People from Salisbury, North Carolina",
"Fellows of the American Statistical Association",
"Activists from North Carolina"
] | wit-train-topic-000731136 |
|
projected-06900671-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Goodnight | James Goodnight | Career | James Howard Goodnight (born January 6, 1943) is an American businessman and software developer. He has been the CEO of since 1976, which he co-founded that year with other faculty members of . As of February 2022, his net worth was estimated at US$7.3 billion. | Goodnight joined another faculty at North Carolina State in a research project to create a general purpose statistical analysis system () for analyzing agricultural data. The project was operated by a consortium of eight land-grant universities and funded primarily by the . Goodnight along with another faculty member became project leaders for the development of the early version of SAS. When the software had 100 customers in 1976, Goodnight and three others from the University left the college to form in an office across the street.
Goodnight remained CEO of SAS Institute for more than 35 years as the company grew from $138,000 its first year in business, to $420 million in 1993 and $2.43 billion by 2010. Under his leadership, the company grew each year. Goodnight became known for creating and defending SAS' corporate culture, often described by the media as "utopian." He rejected acquisition offers and chose against going public to protect the company's work environment. Goodnight has maintained a flat organizational structure with about 27 people who report directly to him and three organizational layers.
HSM Global described Goodnight's leadership style in a framework of three pillars: "help employees do their best work by keeping them intellectually challenged and by removing distractions; Make managers responsible for sparking creativity; eliminate arbitrary distinctions between 'suits' and 'creatives'; Engage customers as creative partners to help deliver superior products."
In 1981, Goodnight was elected as a . In 1997, he received the Golden Plate Award of the .
In 2004, he was named a Great American Business Leader by . That same year he was named one of America's 25 Most Fascinating Entrepreneurs by . He has also been a frequent speaker and participant at the .
In March 2020, Jim Goodnight was awarded a CEO Great Place to Work For All Leadership Award by Great Place to Work. | [
"Jim Goodnight.jpg"
] | [
"Career"
] | [
"1943 births",
"American billionaires",
"American technology chief executives",
"American humanitarians",
"American statisticians",
"Businesspeople in software",
"Living people",
"Businesspeople from North Carolina",
"North Carolina State University alumni",
"People from Cary, North Carolina",
"People from Salisbury, North Carolina",
"Fellows of the American Statistical Association",
"Activists from North Carolina"
] | wit-train-topic-003321703 |
projected-17327583-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demet%20Akal%C4%B1n | Demet Akalın | Introduction | Demet Akalın (born 23 April 1972) is a singer and former model. Due to the popular songs she has released since the middle of the 2000s, she has become one of the most recognizable names of .
Akalın, who was born in , , initially decided to pursue a career in modeling and started working as a model for 's agency. She also acted in a number of motion picture films and television series in the 1990s. Simultaneously with modeling, she started singing in the casinos, and released her first studio album, in 1996 which was not successful. With the release of the album in 2004, she became well-known in Turkey. The album's , "Aşkın Açamadığı Kapı", earned Akalın a for the Song of the Year. (2006) received a gold certification from and with the success of (2008), she became one of the influential figures of Turkish pop music. Her album was the best-selling album in Turkey in 2015. Many of her songs, including "Afedersin", "Mucize", "Toz Pembe" and "Hayalet", have been number-one hits in Turkey. Other songs such as "Tecrübe", "Çanta", "Olacak Olacak", "Sabıka", "İlahi Adalet" and "Ders Olsun" have ranked among the top 5 on Turkey's music charts.
Akalın, who is considered by to have created her own style, has frequently appeared on the cover of magazines and has been the subject of numerous tabloid reports. From 2007 to 2018, she was in an on and off feud with , and their arguments were covered in the tabloids from time to time. After her marriages to Oğuz Kayhan in 2006 and Önder Bekensir in 2010 ended in divorce, she married Okan Kurt in 2012 and the couple's first child Hira was born in 2014. The couple divorced in 2018. To this day, she has won two and four , and has received numerous other awards and nominations. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1972 births",
"21st-century Turkish singers",
"21st-century Turkish women singers",
"Golden Butterfly Award winners",
"Living people",
"People from Gölcük",
"Turkish dance musicians",
"Turkish female models",
"Turkish people of Tatar descent",
"Turkish people of Laz descent",
"Turkish people of Bosniak descent",
"Turkish pop singers",
"Turkish women singers"
] | wit-train-topic-002811635 |
|
projected-17327583-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demet%20Akal%C4%B1n | Demet Akalın | 2006–09: Kusursuz 19 and Dans Et | Demet Akalın (born 23 April 1972) is a singer and former model. Due to the popular songs she has released since the middle of the 2000s, she has become one of the most recognizable names of .
Akalın, who was born in , , initially decided to pursue a career in modeling and started working as a model for 's agency. She also acted in a number of motion picture films and television series in the 1990s. Simultaneously with modeling, she started singing in the casinos, and released her first studio album, in 1996 which was not successful. With the release of the album in 2004, she became well-known in Turkey. The album's , "Aşkın Açamadığı Kapı", earned Akalın a for the Song of the Year. (2006) received a gold certification from and with the success of (2008), she became one of the influential figures of Turkish pop music. Her album was the best-selling album in Turkey in 2015. Many of her songs, including "Afedersin", "Mucize", "Toz Pembe" and "Hayalet", have been number-one hits in Turkey. Other songs such as "Tecrübe", "Çanta", "Olacak Olacak", "Sabıka", "İlahi Adalet" and "Ders Olsun" have ranked among the top 5 on Turkey's music charts.
Akalın, who is considered by to have created her own style, has frequently appeared on the cover of magazines and has been the subject of numerous tabloid reports. From 2007 to 2018, she was in an on and off feud with , and their arguments were covered in the tabloids from time to time. After her marriages to Oğuz Kayhan in 2006 and Önder Bekensir in 2010 ended in divorce, she married Okan Kurt in 2012 and the couple's first child Hira was born in 2014. The couple divorced in 2018. To this day, she has won two and four , and has received numerous other awards and nominations. | Akalın wrote a few songs for her fourth studio album (The Perfect 19) which was produced by Seyhan Müzik and released in June 2006. The album was released with high hopes to make Akalın a solid figure of Turkish pop music as, in Akalın's words, " was a bit distressed because her new tape was very European, and was having problems due to her troubled relationship with her producer. As they are dealing with their problems and losing blood, I will take my place in the music market with my new album." The album sold 147,000 copies, got a gold certification from and its lead single "Afedersin" became a number-one hit on . Separate music videos were also made for the songs "Herkes Hakettiği Gibi Yaşıyor", "Mantık Evliliği" and "Alçak". Akalın received the award for Best Female Artist at the 13th Turkey Music Awards and "Afedersin" was chosen as the Best Song of the Year. In July 2006, she married restaurant owner Oğuz Kayhan and the couple got divorced in November. Akalın later stated that they were divorced because they had fallen in disagreement about having children.
Akalın did not intend to release any new works for a period of time, but at the request of her fans, she eventually released the single "Tatil" in June. Meanwhile, she got into a feud with Hande Yener. Yener had said: "I do western music, so I can not compete with those who make . What Demet does is not similar to my style." to which Akalın responded by saying: "If she does not like me, why is she after my works? It is obvious that she takes all the works that I don't like or refuse to do for herself." Yener subsequently took a case to the court asking for 50,000 on the grounds that Akalın had insulted her and attacked her verbally, but the court said that they did not find any insult in Akalın's words. The feud continued when Yener said: "Demet? She's a grocery singer. What she does is 'grocery music'. No doubt. The likes of her are the followers of ." Akalın responded by saying: "Oh, she does electronic music? It's more likely that she's been electrocuted." and won 10,000 in the court in a case against Yener. chose the phrase 'grocery music' as one of the core words of 2007 and Sırma Karasu from described the grocery music debate as one of the breaking points of Turkish pop music. After this point, the feud between the two continued on numerous occasions.
Akalın's fifth studio album (Dance) was produced by Seyhan Müzik and released in March 2008 with Ersay Üner writing and composing most of the songs. By the end of the year it sold 128,000 copies in Turkey and received a gold certification from Mü-Yap. Critics reacted negatively to slow-paced songs but praised the dance songs. The lead single "Mucize" ranked number one on Billboard Türkiyes Türkçe Top 20 for seven weeks. After making a music video for "Mucize", separate music videos were released for the songs "Bebek", "Gururum" and "Dans Et". "Bebek" became the third most-played song on radio in Turkey in 2008. At a concert in in May 2008 Akalın said to a group of audience: "Bro, are you all from ? From the mountain side? I didn't understand where you came from. You're just looking like morons. One gives a round of applause or something." These words made her subject to a large number of reactions. She responded by saying: "The words I have said were a joke at my own friends from Diyarbakır who had come to see my performance. If the joke I made with all my sincerity towards my friends has been misunderstood, I apologize to all my fans from Diyarbakır." The criticism continued and seven businessmen from Diyarbakır accused Akalın of "publicly denouncing a section of society based on social class, sex, and regional difference". In 2010, the court decided to postpone the announcement of the judgment and, as a precautionary measure, the singer was ordered to write the words of the on a page and make a five-page comment on the anthem.
In April 2009, Akalın released the single "Toz Pembe", which ranked number one on Türkçe Top 20. While the song was favorably received by some critics, it was considered by some as a replay of the singer's previous works. | [
"Demet Akalın Samsun2.jpg"
] | [
"Life and career",
"2006–09: Kusursuz 19 and Dans Et"
] | [
"1972 births",
"21st-century Turkish singers",
"21st-century Turkish women singers",
"Golden Butterfly Award winners",
"Living people",
"People from Gölcük",
"Turkish dance musicians",
"Turkish female models",
"Turkish people of Tatar descent",
"Turkish people of Laz descent",
"Turkish people of Bosniak descent",
"Turkish pop singers",
"Turkish women singers"
] | wit-train-topic-003229039 |
projected-17327583-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demet%20Akal%C4%B1n | Demet Akalın | 2010–14: Zirve, Giderli 16 and Rekor | Demet Akalın (born 23 April 1972) is a singer and former model. Due to the popular songs she has released since the middle of the 2000s, she has become one of the most recognizable names of .
Akalın, who was born in , , initially decided to pursue a career in modeling and started working as a model for 's agency. She also acted in a number of motion picture films and television series in the 1990s. Simultaneously with modeling, she started singing in the casinos, and released her first studio album, in 1996 which was not successful. With the release of the album in 2004, she became well-known in Turkey. The album's , "Aşkın Açamadığı Kapı", earned Akalın a for the Song of the Year. (2006) received a gold certification from and with the success of (2008), she became one of the influential figures of Turkish pop music. Her album was the best-selling album in Turkey in 2015. Many of her songs, including "Afedersin", "Mucize", "Toz Pembe" and "Hayalet", have been number-one hits in Turkey. Other songs such as "Tecrübe", "Çanta", "Olacak Olacak", "Sabıka", "İlahi Adalet" and "Ders Olsun" have ranked among the top 5 on Turkey's music charts.
Akalın, who is considered by to have created her own style, has frequently appeared on the cover of magazines and has been the subject of numerous tabloid reports. From 2007 to 2018, she was in an on and off feud with , and their arguments were covered in the tabloids from time to time. After her marriages to Oğuz Kayhan in 2006 and Önder Bekensir in 2010 ended in divorce, she married Okan Kurt in 2012 and the couple's first child Hira was born in 2014. The couple divorced in 2018. To this day, she has won two and four , and has received numerous other awards and nominations. | In January 2010, Akalın married the businessman Önder Bekensir, but just like her first marriage this one also ended after a few months. In July, the couple applied to the court on the grounds of severe disagreement and they divorced over the course of 20 minutes. In April, she released her sixth studio album (Peak), which sold 83,000 copies and made her the eighth best-selling artist in Turkey in 2010. She later jokingly said that this album was full of "grocery songs to the bottom". Critics noted that the album contained "flat pop music rant" and was mostly commercial. The albums's lead single, "Tecrübe", ranked number two on Turkey's music charts. The first music video for the song was directed by Teoman Topçu, who spent 40,000 for its preparation, but as some drew similarities between the clip and Corenell's music video for "", Akalın set the video aside and worked with Tamer Aydoğdu on a second video clip for the song. Five other music videos were made for the songs "Evli, Mutlu, Çocuklu", "Çanta", "Bozuyorum Yeminimi", "Umutsuz Vaka" and "Olacak Olacak". Akalın's former husband appeared in the music video for "Evli, Mutlu, Çocuklu" and Tan Taşçı appeared in the music video for "Çanta", which was directed by Akalın herself. "Çanta" and "Olacak Olacak" ranked third and fourth on Turkey's official music charts. On 3 August 2010, Akalın performed for the first time at the , and made an appearance on the stage as well.
In May 2011 Akalın began preparations for her new studio album and in summer she released her second EP Aşk, followed by the newly recorded song "Ben de Özledim" together with . Three months before that she had collaborated with Fettah Can on the song "Yanan Ateşi Söndürdük". Her EP sold 40,000 copies and one of its songs, "Sabıka", ranked among the top five on Turkey's music charts. In July, she performed at the 52nd International Nasrettin Teachers Memorial and Humor Days in , , and said to the district governor Ahmet Katırcı: "You covered your ears with your hands for an hour. Are you disturbed, 'uncle'? You're making me lose my concentration." These words resulted in a backlash from the district governor. Katırcı said that he had covered his ears as he was suffering from and accused Akalın of being disrespectful saying: "A professional artist, who has been on stage for many years, should know that she should not address a person who has come to see her performance as 'uncle'." Next month, Akalın's house in was robbed and 100,000 cash and some jewelry were stolen. Akalın later sued the robbers for 600,000, five of whom were sent to prison. In October, she got a role as a supporting actress on 's TV series Yıldız Masalı and the next month her duet with , "Melekler İmza Topluyor", was released.
In March 2012, she played in a commercial for Morhipo together with Hande Yener. As to why they accepted the advertising offer, Akalın said: "They paid us a lot, we could not say no!" In the same month, she was featured on Erdem Kınay's album Proje, performing the songs "Rota" and "Emanet". The next month she married her third husband Okan Kurt. In May, her concert in was cut short because of a protest during which plastic bottles were thrown at the stage, and the reason for this action was stated to be due to the comments she had made in Diyarbakır back in 2008. After a while Akalın posted a message on and said: "Killers of an unborn baby! All my curses be upon those who bothered me." hinting that she had had a miscarriage due to the criticism that she had faced in the press. Her seventh studio album (Break Up 16) was released in November 2012 and sold 69,000 copies in Turkey, becoming the ninth best-selling album of the year. The critics stated that Akalın had continued to repeat the style of her previous works in this album and that she was making commercial-like music to sell out the album. Ersay Üner was featured on the lead single "Yılan". The song "Türkan", which was written as a tribute to , was chosen as the Best Song at the and the 40th Golden Butterfly Awards. After these two songs, new music videos for "Giderli Şarkılar", "Yıkıl Karşımdan" (feat. Gökhan Özen), "Kalbindeki İmza", "Sepet", "Nasip Değilmiş" (duet with ) and "Felaket" were released.
From March to June 2013, Akalın served as a judge on Popstar 2013 for 13 episodes together with , and . After learning that she was pregnant, she canceled ten concerts in Europe at the end of the year from which she was supposed to earn 410,000. In February 2014, Akalın gave birth to her first child, a daughter named Hira, in Istanbul, and two months later her eighth studio album (Record) was released by Seyhan Müzik. The album sold 89,000 copies, becoming the number-one best-selling album in Turkey. Akalın recorded different music videos for the songs "İlahi Adalet", "Rekor", "Koltuk", "Nefsi Müdafaa" and "Yeminim Var". Out of these songs, the first one ranked second on Turkey's official music chart, and singer Gökhan Özen was the featuring artist on the fourth one. Music critic Yavuz Hakan Tok wrote that Akalın, who claimed that she did not have any concerns over the success of this album, was in fact trying to maintain her current popularity with the release of Rekor. Tok found this album's potential of becoming a hit low compared to Akalın's previous albums. In October, she was the guest judge at 's . In the same month, she stopped working with Seyhan Müzik, the production company with which she had worked since 2004. | [
"Demet Akalın2.jpg"
] | [
"Life and career",
"2010–14: Zirve, Giderli 16 and Rekor"
] | [
"1972 births",
"21st-century Turkish singers",
"21st-century Turkish women singers",
"Golden Butterfly Award winners",
"Living people",
"People from Gölcük",
"Turkish dance musicians",
"Turkish female models",
"Turkish people of Tatar descent",
"Turkish people of Laz descent",
"Turkish people of Bosniak descent",
"Turkish pop singers",
"Turkish women singers"
] | wit-train-topic-001079765 |
projected-23572878-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20Magic%20%28band%29 | White Magic (band) | Introduction | White Magic is a group formed in , New York City, and led by singer/guitarist/pianist/composer Mira Billotte. Billotte performs under this moniker both with accompaniment or solo, using a , , and singing . Invoking both traditional and experimental folk, White Magic's sound ranges from loud psychedelia to meditative trance. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"2002 establishments in New York City",
"American folk rock groups",
"Drag City (record label) artists",
"Musical groups established in 2002",
"Musical groups from Brooklyn",
"Rock music groups from New York (state)"
] | wit-train-topic-004935123 |
|
projected-23572882-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spathularia | Spathularia | Introduction | Spathularia is a of in the family . Species in the genus are found in s around the bases of s or near rotting logs. The genus name is for 'broad sword'. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Helotiales genera",
"Helotiales"
] | wit-train-topic-000139355 |
|
projected-23572896-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chautauqua%20Lake%20Yacht%20Club | Chautauqua Lake Yacht Club | Introduction | The Chautauqua Lake Yacht Club (CLYC) is a private located in , , on the south shore of . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1894 establishments in New York (state)",
"Buildings and structures in Chautauqua County, New York",
"Sailing in New York (state)",
"Yacht clubs in the United States"
] | wit-train-topic-000841087 |
|
projected-44497219-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocturnal%20bottleneck | Nocturnal bottleneck | Introduction | The nocturnal bottleneck hypothesis is a hypothesis to explain several mammalian traits. In 1942, described this concept which states that placental mammals were mainly or even exclusively nocturnal through most of their evolutionary story, starting with their origin 225 million years ago, and only ending with the 66 million years ago. While some mammal groups have later evolved to fill diurnal niches, the approximately 160 million years spent as nocturnal animals has left a lasting legacy on basal anatomy and physiology, and most mammals are still nocturnal. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Behavioral ecology",
"Biology theories",
"Chronobiology",
"Circadian rhythm",
"Evolutionary biology",
"Night",
"Prehistoric mammals",
"Sleep"
] | wit-train-topic-003235462 |
|
projected-44497219-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocturnal%20bottleneck | Nocturnal bottleneck | Evolution of mammals | The nocturnal bottleneck hypothesis is a hypothesis to explain several mammalian traits. In 1942, described this concept which states that placental mammals were mainly or even exclusively nocturnal through most of their evolutionary story, starting with their origin 225 million years ago, and only ending with the 66 million years ago. While some mammal groups have later evolved to fill diurnal niches, the approximately 160 million years spent as nocturnal animals has left a lasting legacy on basal anatomy and physiology, and most mammals are still nocturnal. | Mammals evolved from s, a group of superficially dog-like s in the wake of the . The emerging ian groups that flourished after the extinction, including s and s and their ancestors, drove the remaining larger cynodonts into extinction, leaving only the smaller forms. The surviving cynodonts could only succeed in niches with minimal competition from the diurnal dinosaurs, evolving into the typical small-bodied dwellers of the nocturnal undergrowth. While the early mammals continued to develop into several probably quite common groups of animals during the , they all remained relatively small and nocturnal.
Only with the massive extinction at the end of the did the dinosaurs leave the stage open for the establishment of a new fauna of mammals. Despite this, mammals continued to be small-bodied for millions of years. While all the largest animals alive today are mammals, the majority of mammals are still small nocturnal animals. | [
"Brasilitherium riograndensis.jpg"
] | [
"Evolution of mammals"
] | [
"Behavioral ecology",
"Biology theories",
"Chronobiology",
"Circadian rhythm",
"Evolutionary biology",
"Night",
"Prehistoric mammals",
"Sleep"
] | wit-train-topic-003312171 |
projected-44497219-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocturnal%20bottleneck | Nocturnal bottleneck | Mammalian nocturnal adaptions | The nocturnal bottleneck hypothesis is a hypothesis to explain several mammalian traits. In 1942, described this concept which states that placental mammals were mainly or even exclusively nocturnal through most of their evolutionary story, starting with their origin 225 million years ago, and only ending with the 66 million years ago. While some mammal groups have later evolved to fill diurnal niches, the approximately 160 million years spent as nocturnal animals has left a lasting legacy on basal anatomy and physiology, and most mammals are still nocturnal. | Several different features of mammalian physiology appear to be adaptations to a nocturnal lifestyle, mainly related to the sensory organs. These include: | [
"Short-tailed shrew, face, front, md, upper marlboro 2014-06-04-13.15.37 ZS PMax (14362614495).jpg"
] | [
"Mammalian nocturnal adaptions"
] | [
"Behavioral ecology",
"Biology theories",
"Chronobiology",
"Circadian rhythm",
"Evolutionary biology",
"Night",
"Prehistoric mammals",
"Sleep"
] | wit-train-topic-004216191 |
projected-44497236-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helsinki%20University%20Library | Helsinki University Library | Introduction | The Helsinki University Library () is the largest multidisciplinary university library in . It was established on 1 January 2010. The Helsinki University Library is an independent institute of the and open to all information seekers.
The Helsinki University Library includes the Main Library in the Kaisa House, Kumpula, Meilahti and Viikki Campus Libraries, as well as internal library services. The library offers information and library services in the fields of science of all four campuses of the University of Helsinki. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"University of Helsinki",
"Libraries in Finland",
"2010 establishments in Finland"
] | wit-train-topic-000896223 |
|
projected-17327662-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block%20Island%20North%20Light | Block Island North Light | Introduction | Block Island North Light (Lighthouse), built in 1867, is a historic on , (). | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Lighthouses in Washington County, Rhode Island",
"Lighthouse museums in Rhode Island",
"Museums in Washington County, Rhode Island",
"New Shoreham, Rhode Island",
"Lighthouses completed in 1867",
"Lighthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island",
"National Register of Historic Places in Washington County, Rhode Island",
"1867 establishments in Rhode Island"
] | wit-train-topic-000234867 |
|
projected-44497271-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caroone%20House | Caroone House | Introduction | Caroone House was an office block at 14 , London EC4, which was built in 1972 on the site of the which had been demolished in 1968. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1972 establishments in England",
"British Telecom buildings and structures",
"Buildings and structures demolished in 2004",
"Demolished buildings and structures in London",
"Former buildings and structures in the London Borough of Camden",
"History of telecommunications in the United Kingdom",
"Office buildings completed in 1972",
"Office buildings in London",
"Telephone exchange buildings",
"Telephone tapping"
] | wit-train-topic-001051895 |
|
projected-06900705-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygnotos%20%28vase%20painter%29 | Polygnotos (vase painter) | Introduction | Polygnotos (active approx. 450 - 420 BCE), a vase-painter in , is considered one of the most important vase painters of the style of the high-. He received his training in the workshop of the and specialized in monumental vases, as in the manner of , after whom he probably designated himself. He was the leading vase painter of the which carries his name.
He painted particularly large containers such as , s, and shoulder e, as well as Nolan amphorae and .
Beside this famous vase painter two further vase painters have the name Polygnotos. They have become known in the scholarly literature as the Lewis Painter and the Nausikaa Painter. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"5th-century BC deaths",
"Ancient Greek vase painters",
"Ancient Athenians",
"Year of birth unknown"
] | wit-train-topic-001625648 |
|
projected-06900715-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%20Fulton%2C%20Indiana | Port Fulton, Indiana | Introduction | Port Fulton was a town located two miles up the river from , within present-day . At its height it stretched from the Ohio River to modern-day 10th Street, and from Crestview to Jefferson/Main Streets.
Port Fulton was laid out in 1835 by Victor Neff, and named for , the inventor of s. Its original boundaries were present day Jackson Street (east), Division Street (west), and between Court and Charlestown Streets to the north. It became a magnet for those in the maritime business. , a steamboat builder, already had a home there. The resided there. The shipyards of both French and Howard became .
In April 1853 the city of Jeffersonville attempted to annex Port Fulton, only to be stymied by its residents.
The third-largest Civil War hospital, , was operated there, formed from the Brighton estate owned by that was confiscated by Union authorities.
In 1880 the population was 907; in 1900, it was 1,104. However, Port Fulton's population declined to 971 in the 1920 census. This allowed Jeffersonville to finally annex Port Fulton in 1926. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Jeffersonville, Indiana",
"Geography of Clark County, Indiana",
"Former municipalities in Indiana",
"Populated places established in 1835",
"1835 establishments in Indiana",
"1926 disestablishments in Indiana"
] | wit-train-topic-004303503 |
|
projected-44497322-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christoffer%20Mafoumbi | Christoffer Mafoumbi | Club career | Christoffer Henri Mafoumbi (born 3 March 1994) is a professional who plays as a for in the . Born in France, Mafoumbi represents the . | Born in , Mafoumbi joined 's youth setup in 2005, aged 11. In 2010, he moved to , being later assigned to the reserves in the following year.
Mafoumbi made his senior debut on 26 May 2012, starting in a goalless home draw against . On 12 April 2013, he appeared with the main squad in a goalless away draw against for the championship, but remained as an unused .
On 23 July 2014, Mafoumbi joined , also in CFA.
On 25 November 2015, Mafoumbi signed a contract with Bulgarian side .
On 20 July 2017, Mafoumbi signed a two-year contract with English League One side .
He joined League Two club on loan for the second half of the 2019–20 season on 15 January 2020.
Mafoumbi was released by Blackpool in June 2020.
After spending some time in Malta with , Mafoumbi joined Luxembourg-based side for the 2022-23 season. In October 2022, he pledged himself on a part-time basis for the newly-formed English Lower League side . | [
"Mafoumbi_Blackpool.jpg"
] | [
"Club career"
] | [
"1994 births",
"Living people",
"Sportspeople from Roubaix",
"Republic of the Congo footballers",
"Republic of the Congo international footballers",
"French footballers",
"French sportspeople of Republic of the Congo descent",
"Association football goalkeepers",
"US Pontet Grand Avignon 84 players",
"FC Vereya players",
"Blackpool F.C. players",
"Morecambe F.C. players",
"2015 Africa Cup of Nations players",
"French expatriate footballers",
"Republic of the Congo expatriate footballers",
"Expatriate footballers in Bulgaria",
"Expatriate footballers in England",
"French expatriate sportspeople in Bulgaria",
"French expatriate sportspeople in England",
"Republic of the Congo expatriate sportspeople in Bulgaria",
"Republic of the Congo expatriate sportspeople in England",
"Black French sportspeople",
"Footballers from Hauts-de-France"
] | wit-train-topic-000475120 |
projected-44497332-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San%20Francisco%20Church%20%28Manila%29 | San Francisco Church (Manila) | Introduction | The San Francisco Church (:Iglesia de San Francisco) is a defunct church along San Francisco and Solana Streets in the walled city of , . The church, which used to be the center of the missions in the Philippines, was destroyed during the . The site has been occupied by since the war. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Roman Catholic churches in Manila",
"Buildings and structures in Intramuros",
"Former buildings and structures in Manila",
"Destroyed churches",
"Franciscan churches"
] | wit-train-topic-003963416 |
|
projected-44497353-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opistophthalmus%20pugnax | Opistophthalmus pugnax | Introduction | The pugnacious burrowing scorpion (Opistophthalmus pugnax) is a of n . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Scorpionidae",
"Scorpions described in 1876",
"Scorpions of Africa"
] | wit-train-topic-004408210 |
|
projected-44497353-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opistophthalmus%20pugnax | Opistophthalmus pugnax | Distribution and habitat | The pugnacious burrowing scorpion (Opistophthalmus pugnax) is a of n . | A fan-shaped with an enlarged part for resting or consuming prey is constructed under rocks and other surface debris. It is a very common species on rocky outcrops and ridges in the north-central and provinces of South Africa. | [
"Opistophthalmus pugnax burrow.png"
] | [
"Distribution and habitat"
] | [
"Scorpionidae",
"Scorpions described in 1876",
"Scorpions of Africa"
] | wit-train-topic-002799684 |
projected-17327666-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M43%20motorway%20%28Hungary%29 | M43 motorway (Hungary) | Introduction | The M43 motorway () is a that runs from the junction with the west of to the n border at via . Since 2015 it connects Hungary with Romania as the first border crossing on a motorway between the two countries. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Highways in Hungary"
] | wit-train-topic-000583248 |
|
projected-06900719-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North-East%20Region%2C%20Singapore | North-East Region, Singapore | Introduction | The North-East Region of is one of the five in the . The region is the most densely populated and has the highest population among the five, with being its most populous town as of 2020 and as the regional centre. Comprising 13,810 hectares, it includes seven and is largely a with 217,120 homes. Housing largely consists of high-density estates, however private housing is also present in the region. As its name implies, it is located in the north-eastern part of Singapore.
The North-East Region, along with the four other planning regions, was officially established by the in 1999. Prior to the 1970s, the region was predominantly and experienced very little . It was only with the development of towns such as and over the next few decades that the region began to grow significantly in and experienced dramatic urban development. As of 2020, the North-East Region has a population of 930,910. While predominantly a residential region, the North-East Region is also home to , such as and . The region has a number of , , , and security and defence services. There are also a variety of options, including , and , facilitating transport within and outside the region. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"North-East Region, Singapore",
"Planning areas in Singapore",
"Regions of Singapore"
] | wit-train-topic-000554814 |
|
projected-06900728-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roughskin%20spurdog | Roughskin spurdog | Introduction | The roughskin spurdog (Cirrhigaleus asper) is a of the , found circumglobally between latitudes and , at depths of between and . It reaches a length of .
The roughskin spurdog is with 21 to 22 young in a litter. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Cirrhigaleus",
"Fish described in 1973",
"Taxa named by Nigel Merrett"
] | wit-train-topic-002127982 |
|
projected-06900745-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Collins%20%28Irish%20author%29 | Michael Collins (Irish author) | Introduction | Michael Collins (born 4 June 1964) is an Irish novelist and international . His novel was shortlisted for the 2000 . He has also won the Irish Novel of the Year Award and the Lucien Barriere Literary Prize at the Deauville American Film Festival. Collins is a graduate of . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1964 births",
"Date of birth missing (living people)",
"Living people",
"Irish expatriates in the United States",
"Irish male long-distance runners",
"Writers from Limerick (city)",
"Irish ultramarathon runners",
"Irish male novelists",
"Male ultramarathon runners"
] | wit-train-topic-000984918 |
|
projected-06900749-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eli%20Eshed | Eli Eshed | Literary criticism | Eli Eshed is an researcher of . | Eli Eshed writes about Israeli and of the 1950s and 1960s with a special focus on the pirated books popular among Israeli youth at the time which were published anonymously and without authorization from the estate of . In 2000, Eshed published a limited edition of Tarzan in the Holy Land, a history of Tarzan in Hebrew with illustrations.
In 2002, Eshed published From Tarzan to about the pulp literature of Israel. This book became a best seller and earned Eshed the title "Writer of the Year" from . He also researched the adventures of pulp icons such as Patrick Kim, a fictional agent who uses against a variety of enemies worldwide.
In 2003, Eshed co-published The Golem: A Story of an Israeli Comicbook with Israeli artist . The Golem is a Hebrew who works alongside a beautiful woman super-heroine, Lilith.
The book traces the history of the series since the 1940s, when it was drawn by the young comics artist (Jacob Kurtzberg in that alternative reality), who immigrated to Palestine. The Golem collaborates with real-life Israeli personalities like , and , as well as fictional characters like Tarzan and well-known Israeli fictional heroes like Danny Din the invisible boy. Gil Biderman created a song and an animated clip sung by award-winning artist about the Golem’s adventures. Both imitate the style of the 1970s.
Though imaginary, the book is based on real events and personalities in the world of Hebrew popular culture, featuring , Asher Dickstein, and . Israeli literary critic Menachem Ben called it“a master work of Israeli mythology,“ and screenwriter and producer Alon Rozenblum called it "a must-have book in every home." | [] | [
"Literary criticism"
] | [
"Comics critics",
"Israeli comics writers",
"Living people",
"Israeli literary critics",
"Bar-Ilan University alumni",
"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev alumni",
"Year of birth missing (living people)"
] | wit-train-topic-002978634 |
projected-06900751-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansembourg | Ansembourg | Introduction | Ansembourg (, ) is a village in the of , in western . , the village had a population of 61.
Ansembourg is in part of the valley known as the . The village is the site of two of the seven castles. The , located about one kilometre or just over half a mile below the , was built by the industrialist in 1639 and is now known for its more modern finish and its terraced gardens. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Mersch (canton)",
"Villages in Luxembourg"
] | wit-train-topic-002944523 |
|
projected-44497451-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Est%C3%A1cio | Estácio | Introduction | Estácio may refer to:
, a Portuguese soldier who was a founder of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
, a Brazilian politician
, a neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
, a subway station in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
, an education company in Brazil | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [] | wit-train-topic-002711079 |
|
projected-20465259-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Ellicott | Charles Ellicott | Introduction | Charles John Ellicott (1819–1905) was a distinguished English Christian , and churchman. He briefly served as , then Bishop of the united of . | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1819 births",
"People educated at Stamford School",
"People from Rutland",
"Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge",
"Fellows of St John's College, Cambridge",
"Academics of King's College London",
"Hulsean Professors of Divinity",
"Deans of Exeter",
"Bishops of Gloucester and Bristol",
"Bishops of Gloucester",
"1905 deaths",
"20th-century Church of England bishops",
"19th-century Church of England bishops",
"19th-century Anglican theologians",
"20th-century Anglican theologians"
] | wit-train-topic-002932214 |
|
projected-17327699-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grosvenor%20Shopping%20Centre | Grosvenor Shopping Centre | Introduction | The Grosvenor Shopping Centre (for a time known as The Mall Grosvenor or The Mall Chester) is a large shopping precinct in , . It hosts around 70 stores. Whereas most of the central shopping area of Chester consists of historic streets, The Mall provides undercover shopping to complement the wide range of shops in other locations around the city. It consists of some Edwardian buildings with modern covered shopping malls. It was owned by , and carried their corporate branding. It was sold sometime in 2009 and the name Grosvenor Shopping Centre reinstated by the new owners. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Shopping centres in Cheshire",
"Buildings and structures in Chester",
"Shops in Chester"
] | wit-train-topic-001426334 |
|
projected-44497611-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%20Terry | Don Terry | Introduction | Don Terry (born Donald Prescott Loker, August 8, 1902 – October 6, 1988) was an American film actor, best known for his lead appearances in and in the 1930s and early 1940s. Perhaps his best-known role is probably playing the recurring character of Naval Commander in serials of the early 1940s, including (1942) and (1943). | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"American male film actors",
"1902 births",
"1988 deaths",
"People from Natick, Massachusetts",
"Harvard University alumni",
"20th Century Studios contract players",
"Male actors from Massachusetts",
"20th-century American male actors"
] | wit-train-topic-000393612 |