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Luynes, Bouches-du-Rhône Luynes is a village of the Bouches-du-Rhône département in southern France. It is located 4 km south of Aix-en-Provence at the intersection of the D7 and N8 roads. The village is perhaps best known for its prison and for its three international schools. The Nécropole Nationale de Luynes is also located nearby. Education The private school Saint François d’assise is in Luynes. International Bilingual School of Provence Lycée International Georges Duby References External links Home page (Archive) Commune of Luynes Category:Aix-en-Provence Category:Villages in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur

EP20 The EP20 (ЭП20) is a type of 6 axle Bo'Bo'Bo' electric passenger locomotive being built for Russian Railways by Transmashholding's Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant. The locomotive was designed by Tekhnologii Relsovogo Transporta (TRTrans), a joint venture between Transmashholding and Alstom. An order for 200 locomotives was placed in 2010, and the first production unit formally presented in 2012. Design The EP20 was developed by an Alstom-TMH joint venture "TRTrans", established in Novocherkassk, by French, Belgian, and Russia based engineers. One specification for the design was the ability to haul 24 coaches at 160 km/h or 17 coaches at 200 km/h on straight level track. The EP20 has a modular design. The locomotive body consisted of an underframe and sidewalls, with removable roof segments, and separately manufactured cab units. The driving cab modules were sourced from PKPP MDC (Ukraine); the cab design included a progressive deformation steel cage for impact absorption, and incorporated heating and air-conditioning. Access was via side doors in the main bodyshell, accessed via cab unit rear doors. PKPP MDC also supplied washrooms (2 per unit), incorporating a retention toilet system supplied by EVAC. The locomotive body had a central corridor connecting the end cabs, with equipment located on either side. The electrical system included four pantographs (2 for DC, 2 for AC). For AC drive a body mounted 9.3 MW transformer outputs 6 separate traction outputs at 1650 V, and a separate heating winding. The 1650V output is rectified to 3000 V DC; under 3 kV operation the input is connected directly through an intermediate diode four quadrant chopper. DC smoothing is via 8.550 MW rated inductances located under the locomotive. The DC link supplies six IGBT three phase inverters (grouped in three sets of two, one set per bogie), each driving a traction motor. The system allows individual axle control including anti-slip, as well as electrical dynamic braking. The traction motors are three phase asynchronous machines (DTA-1200 model, developed by NEVZ). They are suspended in the bogies and decoupled from the non-rotational motions of the driving wheels. The connection between motor and reduction gear is via a diaphragm coupling, and the gearbox output drives a hollow shaft connected to the axle via a flexible coupling. The bogie suspension system consisted of coil primary suspension, and flexicoil secondary suspension with anti-hunting and anti-rocking dampers. Tractive forces from bogie to locomotive were transferred via traction rods connected to a low lying connection at the bogie pivot centre. Mechanical braking was by wheel mounted disc brakes. Electric braking is either up to 4.5MW rheostatic braking via roof mounted resistors, or up to 7.2MW regenerative braking. The locomotives are designed to operate in winter conditions down to , and incorporates underframe snowplows. The locomotive design was proposed as the base for a number of design variants: a single unit dual voltage freight variant E20, and dual unit dual voltage freight variant 2ES20, as well as single voltage DC and AC machines. Additional variants with a design derived from the EP20 are freight and passenger 4 axle Bo'Bo' based machines. History By 2007 Russian Railways had identified a need for 230 units of a series of new electric locomotive, designated EP20; at that time Transmashholding (TMH) was seeking a foreign partner to form a joint venture for the production of the locomotives. In late 2007 TMH entered into a joint venture with Alstom; the cooperation between the two companies was later extended, leading to Alstom taking a 25% stake in TMH in 2009. In May 2010, RZD placed an order for 200 EP20 locomotives, to be supplied in the period 2011 to 2020. The first locomotive was presented at Expo 1520 in Moscow in September 2011. In February 2013, Transmashholding and Russian Railways signed a 40-year contract for maintenance of the EP20. Production The first of the production series of the EP20 was official handed over in late 2012, at a ceremony attended by Dmitry Medvedev, and high officials of Alstom, Transmashholding, RZD and V. Golubev, Governor of the Rostov region. The delivery rate to Russian Railways is expected to be of the order of 3 per month. The locomotives were expected to be used on for the 2014 Winter Olympic games on Moscow-Sochi trains. The first 36 units had much of the electrical equipment (some auxiliary units, circuit breakers, transformer, and electronic control for the traction system) supplied by Alstom from, and integrated into new standardized locomotive platform developed by Transmashholding, the remainder also will be supplied by TMH, and the locomotives assembled at TMH's Novocherkassk plant. The initial batch of locomotives had pantograghs from Faiveley, transformer and DC inductors from ABB, disc brakes from Knorr Bremse, and mechanical drive (gear, hollow shaft) from Henschel Antriebstechnik. A joint venture between Alstom and TMH, "RailComp" will establish a production site at Novocherkassk to supply traction drives for the remaining 164 units of the order. In 2013 Voith was awarded a contract to supply the mechanical part of the traction drives (SEH-525 single stage helical gear to hollow shaft drive) for 164 units (804 drives). Testing EP20-001 began testing at VELNII's test track at Novocherkassk in April 2011 and later at the Shcherbinka test track. In April 2012 certification testing began on the Belorechenskaya to Maykop line (see North Caucasus Railway). A second prototype EP20-002 began testing in October 2011. Test runs at took place on the October Railway in mid-late 2012. References Notes Sources External links , report on presentation of first unit to RZD Category:Electric locomotives of Russia Category:Bo-Bo-Bo locomotives Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 2011 Category:5 ft gauge locomotives

Mandal, Gujarat Mandal is a town in Mandal taluka of Ahmedabad district, India. History Mandal is a historical town. When, in 1347, the Emperor Muhammad bin Tughluq came to restore order in Gujarat, the Rana of Mandal and Patri, helped him and was honoured with robes and rewards. In 1395, Mandal was besieged by Muzaffar Shah I who founded Gujarat Sultanate later. The siege would have failed if it had not a pestilence broke out among the defenders. A few years later Jhala Satarsalji of Mandal was one of the chiefs who joined in the revolt against Sultan Ahmad Shah I (1414). It was not until 1530, the Mandal estates were made a part of the crown domains. In 1741, the town was restored and fortified by a brother of the Viramgam Desai. In the latter part of the century it remained under the Marathas till its transfer in 1817 to the British East India Company. Some small stone mosques and handsome temples are the only remains of its former importance. References Category:Cities and towns in Ahmedabad district

Gera Hauptbahnhof Gera Central Station () is the main station of the Thuringian town of Gera. Gera is one of the largest cities in Germany with no long-distance rail connections and no electrified lines. The station is a significant regional transport hub. The station is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 3 station. History The railway was extended in 1859 from Weißenfels to Gera via Zeitz (the Weißenfels–Zeitz and Leipzig–Probstzella lines). At that time, the first station was built at the site of today's Hauptbahnhof as the Prussian station (Preußische Bahnhof), as distinct from the Saxon station (Sächsischen Bahnhof) at today's Gera Süd station. In the following years further lines were built converging on Gera Hauptbahnhof: in 1865 the connection with the Leipzig–Hof line at Gößnitz to the east, in 1871 to Saalfeld in the south-west (Leipzig–Probstzella line), in 1873 to Leipzig in the north (Leipzig–Probstzella line), in 1875 to Plauen in the south (Elster Valley Railway), in 1876 to Erfurt in the west (Weimar–Gera line) and to Zwickau in the south-east (Werdau–Weida–Mehltheuer line), in 1880 to Eisenberg in the northwest (Crossen–Porstendorf line) and in 1883 to Zeulenroda-Triebes and Hof in the south east (Werdau–Weida–Mehltheuer line). Located north of the passenger station was a combined marshalling and yard, connected to a railway depot, both of which are now closed. In 1892, shortly after the opening of the tram network, a facility was built in the freight yard for transferring freight wagons, supported by metre-gauge tram bogies, over the tram lines to factories in Gera. A tram line was opened in 1893 from the station to the central city. In 1881 the reception building was built by the architects of Hude & Hennicke. During the reconstruction of 1958/63 several ornaments were removed from the facade. The heyday of the station was between the two world wars, after the glass concourse was completed in 1911. At that time some of the Berlin–Leipzig–Munich traffic ran via Gera and the lines to Saalfeld, Erfurt and Leipzig were double track. After the Second World War, the second track was removed as war reparations to the Soviet Union. Gera lost its importance as a junction because of the division of German. The major north-south traffic from Berlin to Bavaria no longer stopped at the station. After German reunification, some secondary lines were closed down (to Zwickau via Wünschendorf and to Eisenberg), while the building of new infrastructure has also been discussed. Politically, this is highly controversial, especially the Mid Germany Connection (Mitte-Deutschland-Verbindung), running in an east-west direction through Gera. In the 1990s there were long-distance trains through Gera, but north–south traffic shifted to the electrified, double track and upgraded Saal line through Jena and east–west traffic runs on the electrified, double track and upgraded lines through Leipzig, so now only regional traffic runs through the station. Between 2002 and 2006, a private InterConnex service operated to Berlin and on to Rostock, but in 2006 it was replaced for cost reasons by an electrically operated service, which therefore had to terminate in Leipzig, rather than Gera. 2005–2007 reconstruction From 2005 to 2007 the station was extensively renovated and formally re-dedicated in April 2007, shortly before the opening of the 2007 Federal Garden Show. The Gera tramway was reconnected to the station and the Garden Show site at the same time. Operations The following lines of DB Regio, Erfurter Bahn and Vogtlandbahn stop in Gera Hbf (2015 timetable): Regional-Express (RE) 1: Göttingen–Erfurt–Jena-Göschwitz–Gera–Gößnitz–Glauchau/Elsterberg RE 3: Erfurt–Weimar–Gera–Ronneburg–Altenburg EBx 12: Leipzig–Zeitz–Gera–Weida–Pößneck ob Bf–Saalfeld EBx 13: Gera–Weida–Zeulenroda unt Bf–Mehltheuer–Hof EB 21: Gera–Hermsdorf-Klosterlausnitz–Jena-Göschwitz–Weimar EB 22: Leipzig–Zeitz–Gera–Weida–Pößneck ob Bf–Saalfeld (Saale) VB 4: Gera–Greiz–Plauen–Weischlitz Tracks The station has several tracks, but only six of them have a platform. Trains currently operate (as of 2010) as follows: Track 1: Trains to Greiz / Plauen / Weischlitz and Cheb Track 2: Trains to Erfurt / Leinefelde / Göttingen and Mehltheuer / Hof / Regensburg Track 3: Trains to Leipzig / Weimar / Greiz and Altenburg Track 4: Trains to Erfurt / Zeulenroda and Saalfeld Platform 5: Trains to Leipzig / Weimar / Saalfeld Track 6: trains to Leipzig / Katzhütte / Saalfeld / Chemnitz, and Zwickau Hauptbahnhof / Theatre bus and tram stop The Gera bus station is in front of the station. It is the beginning and end of the regional transport bus routes of the Gera/Land Regional Transport Company (Regionalverkehr Gera/Land GmbH, RVG); the Passenger and Tourist Traffic Company (Personen- und Reiseverkehrs GmbH, PRG); the bus operator, Piehler; the THÜSAC Passenger Transport Company; and the Saale-Orla Rudolstadt Bus Transport Company (Omnibusverkehr Saale-Orla Rudolstadt GmbH, OVS). Since November 2006, the newly opened Stadtbahn (light rail) line 1 of the Gera tramway has run through a tunnel under the platforms of the station. References Literature External links Category:Railway stations in Thuringia Category:Buildings and structures in Gera Category:Railway stations opened in 1859

Jamestown Lighthouse The Jamestown lighthouse is located in the Jamestown neighbourhood of Accra, Ghana. The structure was originally built in the 1930s, replacing an earlier lighthouse that had been built in 1871. It consists of a stone tower with lantern and gallery, attached to a keeper's house. Both lighthouse and keeper's house are painted with red and white horizontal bands. See also List of lighthouses in Ghana References Category:Lighthouses in Ghana

Rodrigo Brito Rodrigo Andrés Brito Tobar (born 23 February 1983) is a Chilean footballer that currently plays for the Chilean Primera B club Deportes La Serena as centre back. Honours Deportes Iquique Copa Chile: 2010 Primera B: 2010 External links Category:1983 births Category:Living people Category:Chilean footballers Category:Curicó Unido footballers Category:Deportes Iquique footballers Category:Deportes La Serena footballers Category:Chilean Primera División players Category:Primera B de Chile players Category:Association football central defenders

Raphe nuclei The raphe nuclei (, "seam") are a moderate-size cluster of nuclei found in the brain stem. They have 5-HT1 receptors which are coupled with Gi/Go-protein-inhibiting adenyl cyclase. They function as autoreceptors in the brain and decrease the release of serotonin. The anxiolytic drug Buspirone acts as partial agonist against these receptors. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants are believed to act in these nuclei, as well as at their targets. Anatomy The raphe nuclei are traditionally considered to be the medial portion of the reticular formation, and appear as a ridge of cells in the center and most medial portion of the brain stem. In order from caudal to rostral, the raphe nuclei are known as the nucleus raphe obscurus, the nucleus raphe pallidus, the nucleus raphe magnus, the nucleus raphe pontis, the median raphe nucleus, dorsal raphe nucleus, caudal linear nucleus. In the first systematic examination of the raphe nuclei, Taber et al.. (1960) originally proposed the existence of two linear nuclei (nucleus linearis intermedius and nucleus linearis rostralis). This study was published before techniques enabling the visualization of serotonin or the enzymes participating in its synthesis had been developed, as first demonstrated by Dahlström and Fuxe in 1964. Later, it was revealed that of these two nuclei, only the former (nucleus linearis intermedius, now known as the caudal linear nucleus), proved to contain serotonin-producing neurons, though both of them contain dopaminergic neurons. In some works (e.g.), researchers have grouped the nuclei lineares into one nucleus, the nucleus linearis, shrinking the number of raphe to seven, e.g., NeuroNames makes the following ordering: Raphe nuclei of medulla oblongata Nucleus raphe obscurus Nucleus raphe magnus Nucleus pallidus Raphe nuclei of the pontine reticular formation Nucleus raphe pontis Nucleus centralis inferior Raphe nuclei of the midbrain reticular formation Nucleus centralis superior (median raphe nucleus) Nucleus raphe dorsalis Nomenclature The Latin names commonly used for most of these nuclei are grammatically and orthographically incorrect. Latin grammar would require to use the genitive case raphes ('of the seam') instead of the nominative case raphe ('seam') in these Latin expressions. The main authority in anatomical names, Terminologia Anatomica uses for example nucleus raphes magnus instead of the grammatically incorrect nucleus raphe magnus. The spelling raphe/raphes however can also be contested as numerous sources indicate that raphe is an incorrect Latin rendering of the Ancient Greek word ῥαφή as the initial letter rho with rough breathing (spiritus asper) is normally rendered as rh in Latin. The edition of the Nomina Anatomica that was ratified in Jena in 1935 used rhaphe instead of raphe. Projections These nuclei interact with almost every pertinent portion of the brain, but only a few of them have specifically independent interaction. These select nuclei are discussed as follows. Overall, the caudal raphe nuclei, including the nucleus raphe magnus, nucleus raphe pallidus and nucleus raphe obscurus, all project towards the spinal cord and brain stem. The more-rostral nuclei, including the nucleus raphe pontis, nucleus centralis superior (also called median raphe nucleus) and nucleus raphe dorsalis project towards the brain areas of higher function However, studies also show that numerous areas of the brain control the serotonergic neurons located in the nucleus raphe dorsalis, including the orbital cortex, cingulate cortex, medial preoptic area, lateral preoptic area, and several areas of the hypothalamus. The connection between these areas, particularly between the nucleus raphe dorsalis and the orbital cortices, is thought to have influences on depression and obsessive compulsive disorder prognosis. Function The raphe nuclei have a vast impact upon the central nervous system. Many of the neurons in the nuclei (but not the majority) are serotonergic; i.e., contain serotonin, a type of monoamine neurotransmitter and are modulated through fibrous pathways in the midbrain. Projections from the raphe nuclei also terminate in the dorsal horn of spinal gray matter where they regulate the release of enkephalins, which inhibit pain sensation. The raphe nuclei provide feedback to the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), thus contributing in circadian rhythms in animals. The SCN transmits to the raphe nuclei via the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus altering serotonin levels for sleep/wake states. The raphe nuclei will then transmit feedback to the SCN about the animal's vigilance and levels of alertness. This reciprocal feedback between the two structures provides an adaptable yet stable basis of circadian rhythms. Thermoregulation A large increase in sympathetic nerve activity was observed when an excitatory amino acid was injected into the Raphe Pallidus , resulting in both BAT temperature and HR increasing. This suggests that activation of the raphe nucleus results in an increase in sympathetic activity to the BAT. The raphe pallidus wasn switched off using 8-OH-DPAT, which in turn reduced body temperature due to a reduced response to cold. This suggests the importance of the raphe nucleus in responding appropriately to the cold. The raphe nuclei and the effects of ghrelin More recent studies of the Raphe Nuclei done with rats involve the effects of ghrelin on the dorsal raphe nucleus. When administered, larger doses of ghrelin act centrally on the raphe nucleus, hippocampus, and amygdala which causes dramatic increases in food intake, memory retention, and increases in anxiety. The effects of ghrelin are seen on the raphe nucleus as soon as an hour after injection, suggesting rapid changes in the structure of the nucleus. Changes also occur after 24 hours suggesting delayed modifications as well. See also Locus ceruleus Substantia nigra Pedunculopontine nucleus List of regions in the human brain References Further reading Category:Brainstem nuclei Category:Serotonin

Abitibi-Ouest (electoral district) Abitibi-Ouest is a provincial electoral district in the Abitibi-Témiscamingue region of Quebec, Canada, that elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec. The district includes the municipalities of Amos, La Sarre and Duparquet. The riding was created for the 1944 election from a part of Abitibi. In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, Abitibi-Ouest gained the municipality of Barraute, as well as the part of the unorganized territory of Lac-Despinassy that it did not already have, from Abitibi-Est. Members of the Legislative Assembly / National Assembly Election results References External links Information Elections Quebec Election results Election results (National Assembly) (Radio-Canada) (La Presse) Maps 2011 map (PDF) 2001 map (Flash) 2001–2011 changes (Flash) 1992–2001 changes (Flash) Electoral map of Abitibi-Témiscamingue region Quebec electoral map, 2011 Category:Amos, Quebec Category:Quebec provincial electoral districts

Howard Township, Knox County, Ohio Howard Township is one of the twenty-two townships of Knox County, Ohio, United States. The 2010 census found 5,617 people in the township. Geography Located in the east central part of the county, it borders the following townships: Brown Township - north Union Township - east Butler Township - southeast corner Harrison Township - south College Township - southwest corner Monroe Township - west Pike Township - northwest corner No municipalities are located in Howard Township, although the unincorporated community of Howard lies in the southern part of the township. Name and history Howard Township was organized in 1825. It is the only Howard Township statewide. Government The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees. References External links County website School district website Category:Townships in Knox County, Ohio Category:Townships in Ohio

SLC22A7 Solute carrier family 22 member 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the gene SLC22A7. The protein encoded by this gene is involved in the sodium-independent transport and excretion of organic anions, some of which are potentially toxic. The encoded protein is an integral membrane protein and appears to be localized to the basolateral membrane of the kidney. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. Interactive pathway map See also References Further reading Category:Solute carrier family

1917 Rutgers Queensmen football team The 1917 Rutgers Queensmen football team was an American football team that represented Rutgers University as an independent during the 1917 college football season. In their fifth season under head coach George "Sandy" Sanford, the Queensmen compiled a 7–1–1 record and outscored their opponents, 295 to 28. The team's wins included a 28–0 victory over. The sole loss was to Syracuse by a 14–10 score. The tie was a 7–7 game with West Virginia. Paul Robeson played at the end position for the 1917 and 1918 Rutgers teams, was selected by Frank G. Menke as a first-team All-American in both 1917 and 1918, and was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1995. Coach Sanford was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1971. Schedule References Rutgers Category:Rutgers Scarlet Knights football seasons Rutgers Football

René Chiappino René Chiappino (born 18 December 1925) was a Swiss basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1952 Summer Olympics. References Category:1925 births Category:Possibly living people Category:Swiss men's basketball players Category:Olympic basketball players of Switzerland Category:Basketball players at the 1952 Summer Olympics Category:Place of birth missing

Eleanor of Alburquerque Eleanor, 3rd Countess of Alburquerque (1374 – 16 December 1435) became Queen consort of Aragon by her marriage to Ferdinand I of Aragon. In Spanish, she is known as Leonor Urraca de Castilla, condesa de Alburquerque. Family Her father was Sancho Alfonso, 1st Count of Alburquerque, who was an illegitimate son of King Alfonso XI of Castile and his mistress Eleanor of Guzman, and a brother of King Henry II of Castile. Her mother was Infanta Beatrice, Countess of Alburquerque, who was daughter of Peter I of Portugal and Ines de Castro. Eleanor was born in Aldeadavila de la Ribera, now in National Park since 2002 of Arribes del Duero Natural Park, province of Salamanca. Eleanor's brother was Ferdinand, 2nd Count of Alburquerque. Marriage Eleanor was originally betrothed to Frederick, illegitimate son of Henry II of Castile, however this engagement was broken off. Upon the death of the sickly John I of Castile on October 9 of 1390 the Regency Council addressed the issue of the heir presumptive, Infante Henry at the time eleven years of age and his brother Infante Ferdinand, who was then ten years. It was agreed that Ferdinand could not marry before his brother Henry reached the age of fourteen. Then he would be granted the privileges and social policies majority. Peter I of Castile was murdered in March 1369 by his bastard brother Henry. The representatives of the clergy, the nobility, the state of the gentry and merchants, as well as the authorized legal representatives of some Castillian cities agreed that Henry's grandson Infante Henry should marry the granddaughter of the murdered Peter, the English princess Catherine of Lancaster, daughter of John of Gaunt. As the elder brother, Henry, fulfilled these requirements then so should his brother Infante Ferdinand, with a good wife who was honorable and rich. It was then heard that Eleanor of Alburquerque was sixteen and old enough to marry. She expressed her agreement in marriage but could not take place as Ferdinand was not yet ten years old. She owned the towns of Haro, Briones, Vilforado, Ledesma with the five towns, Albuquerque, the Codesera, Azagala, Alconchel, Medellin, Alconétar and Villalon, a gift from John I of Castile. This made Eleanor a very attractive offer to Ferdinand. In 1394, Eleanor and Ferdinand were married. They had seven children: Alfonso V of Aragon (1394–1458), also king of Sicily and Naples Maria of Aragon, first wife of John II of Castile, (1396–1445) John II of Aragon (1397–1479) Henry of Aragon, Duke of Villena, Count of Alburquerque, Count of Empuries and Grand Master of the Order of Santiago (1400–1445) Eleanor of Aragon (Queen of Portugal), who married Edward I of Portugal, (1402–1445) Pedro of Aragon, Count of Alburquerque and Duke of Noto (1406–1438) Sancho of Aragon (1410–March 1416). Created Grand Master of the Orders of Calatrava and Alcántara after 1412. Later life In 1412, Ferdinand and Eleanor became King and Queen of Aragon after the Compromise of Caspe. However they reigned for only four years, when Ferdinand died in 1416, aged 36 years. Eleanor, who was then 42 years old, retired to Medina del Campo. In 1435 her sons, the princes of Aragon were taken prisoners of the Genoese after the naval battle of Ponza. The Royal Palace of Medina del Campo, birthplace of her husband and her children, was transformed into the Convent of Santa María la Real. There, Eleanor witnessed her children fighting against the royalist party led by Álvaro de Luna. Eleonor lost some of her possessions as a benefit for the latter. Eleanor died in Medina del Campo, province of Valladolid, in 1435. Her grave is in the Convent of Santa María la Real, in a simple grave on the floor. It has a tablet that is stone Toledo dark, with the Royal Arms carved on it. Ancestors References Sources Further reading https://web.archive.org/web/20110707104223/http://www.aldeadavila.com/historia/la-historia-de-leonor-de-alburquerque-y-ledesma/ |- Category:1374 births Category:1435 deaths Category:House of Trastámara Category:Aragonese queen consorts Category:Countesses of Barcelona Category:Majorcan queens consort Category:Royal consorts of Sicily Category:Burials at the Poblet Monastery Category:14th-century Castilians Category:14th-century Spanish women Category:14th-century Italian people Category:14th-century Italian women Category:15th-century people from the Kingdom of Aragon Category:15th-century Spanish women Category:15th-century Italian people Category:15th-century Italian women

Johann Hofstätter Johann Hofstätter (12 January 1913 – 27 July 1996) was an Austrian footballer and coach. References External links DFB Category:1913 births Category:1996 deaths Category:Austrian footballers Category:German footballers Category:Germany international footballers Category:Association football midfielders Category:SK Rapid Wien players Category:Austrian football managers Category:First Vienna FC managers

Néstor Carbonell Néstor Gastón Carbonell (; born December 1, 1967) is an American actor, director, and screenwriter. He came to prominence for his role as Luis Rivera in the NBC sitcom Suddenly Susan. He is known for his roles as Richard Alpert in the ABC drama series Lost and Sheriff Alex Romero in the A&E drama series Bates Motel. Carbonell also starred as Mayor Anthony Garcia in Christopher Nolan's superhero films The Dark Knight (2008) and The Dark Knight Rises (2012). Early life Carbonell was born in New York City to Cuban parents Néstor Tulio Carbonell Cortina and Rosa Ramírez de Arellano Cárdenas. His parents are of Spanish descent (his grandparents were of Catalan, Basque, Navarran, and Andalusian origins). Carbonell's father worked for PepsiCo, which required the family to live for periods of time in London, Mexico City, the Bahamas, and Caracas. His father is also active in the Cuban community, authoring the book And The Russians Stayed: The Sovietization of Cuba. Carbonell has an older sister, Rosa Maria "Mia" Carbonell, a Senior Vice President of Corporate Communications at Forbes. Former professional baseball player Rafael Palmeiro is his cousin. His paternal great-grandfather, José Manuel Cortina, was a noted Cuban orator and diplomat. Carbonell was educated at The British School while living in Caracas. His family later moved back to the U.S., and he attended Deerfield Academy in Massachusetts with future Lost co-star Matthew Fox. In 1990, he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in English from Harvard University (also the alma mater of his father and sister). Carbonell was raised a Roman Catholic. Career Carbonell's first acting role was a guest starring part as Alberto Cordova in an episode of As the World Turns. He then appeared in episodes of Law & Order, Melrose Place, A Different World, Reasonable Doubts, Good Advice, Brotherly Love, and The John Larroquette Show. In 1995, he starred in a dual role, Roberto and one half of the Couple in Bar, in Stephen Sondheim and George Furth's play Getting Away with Murder. That same year, he appeared as a main cast member on the short-lived The WB sitcom Muscle. He subsequently portrayed the regular role of Luis Rivera on the Brooke Shields-led sitcom Suddenly Susan for four seasons (19962000). For much of his early career, he played characters with thick Hispanic accents, and was so convincing that people thought it was how he actually sounded. One of his first obstacles in Hollywood was convincing them that in reality he didn't have an accent and that he is capable of doing broader roles. In 2000, Carbonell made his debut as a screenwriter with the comedy film Attention Shoppers, in which he also starred as Enrique Suarez, the lead role. He has since had recurring roles on Resurrection Blvd., The Tick, Kim Possible (as the voice of Señor Senior Jr.), Century City, Strong Medicine, and Cold Case. He also guest starred on Scrubs (in the episode "My Moment of Un-Truth"), House (in the episode "Cursed"), Monk (in the episode "Mr. Monk Gets Married"), and Day Break (in the episode "What If He Can Change the Day?"). In 2006, he appeared alongside his future Lost co-star Matthew Fox, as assassin Pasquale Acosta, in the film Smokin' Aces. Carbonell was cast as Richard Alpert on the third season of ABC's drama series Lost. The mysteries surrounding his ageless character were heavily discussed among the fan community throughout his arc in the season. While producing the final episodes of the third season, Carbonell was cast in a starring role as Frank Duque on the CBS series Cane. The writers of Lost modified their original story plan for the third season in anticipation for Carbonell's potential unavailability. Despite Carbonell's willingness to return to the ABC series, CBS president Nina Tassler ruled out another guest appearance. Cane was cancelled during the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike, freeing Carbonell from his contract with CBS. In 2008, Lost showrunner Carlton Cuse stated that Carbonell would reprise his role as Richard Alpert towards the end of the series' fourth season, as a result of Cane cancellation. Carbonell made appearances in the episodes "Cabin Fever" and "There's No Place Like Home". Cuse cited this as an unintended positive consequence of the strike. Carbonell appeared in nine episodes of the fifth season, and was upgraded to a main cast member of Lost for its sixth and final season. In 2008, he landed the role of Mayor Anthony Garcia in Christopher Nolan's The Dark Knight. His wife, Shannon Kenny, was previously involved in a Batman project, voicing the character Inque in the Batman Beyond television series. In 2010, Carbonell joined the series Psych for two episodes playing Declan Rand, a criminal profiler. In 2011, Carbonell starred in the CW series Ringer as FBI agent Victor Machado. Also in 2011, he was announced to guest star in FX comedy series Wilfred, a role which later turned into a recurring one. The following year, Carbonell briefly appeared in The Dark Knight Rises, reprising his role as Mayor Anthony Garcia in the final installment of Christopher Nolan's Dark Knight trilogy. From 2013 to the series' ending in 2017, he portrayed Sheriff Alex Romero in the A&E Psycho prequel series Bates Motel, opposite Vera Farmiga and Freddie Highmore. In the first season, he starred in a recurring capacity, but was upgraded to a main cast member starting with the second season. Carbonell also directed three episodes of the series. In 2014, he guest starred on the CBS drama series Person of Interest in the episode "Most Likely to...", and on the CBS political drama series The Good Wife in the episode "The Deep Web". That same year, he began recurring as Raymond Navaro in NBC's espionage thriller series State of Affairs. In 2017, Carbonell directed the episode "Apple" of the ABC drama series The Good Doctor, starring his Bates Motel co-star Highmore. Personal life Carbonell has been married to Australian actress Shannon Kenny since January 3, 2001. They met while working together on the 1995 television series Muscle and went on to co-star in the 2000 film Attention Shoppers, which Carbonell wrote. The couple have two children, Rafael (born 2002) and Marco (born 2005). He is a practicing Roman Catholic. Carbonell's dark eyelashes have been a staple topic of discussion in interviews, and both Carbonell and the producers of Lost made it clear they are not enhanced by any form of makeup. A short skit during the Lost panel at the 2009 San Diego Comic-Con International featured Carbonell allegedly applying eyeliner before throwing a Christian Bale-esque rant upon receiving the wrong color makeup from an assistant. In a season 5 episode of Lost, James "Sawyer" Ford refers to Carbonell's character as "your buddy out there with the eyeliner." In addition, in the Psych episode "Shawn 2.0", Shawn Spencer makes a comment about him having "impossibly dark eyelashes." He is fluent in Spanish, a skill he put to use in the sixth-season episode of Lost, "Ab Aeterno", in which numerous scenes contain dialogue mostly or solely in Spanish. He also starred in a Spanish-language Pepsi commercial alongside Eva Longoria, and in a Spanish-language Heineken commercial. Filmography Film Television Stage Other credits Accolades References External links Q&A Sessions: The Dark Knight's Nestor Carbonell [nocheLatina.com] Category:1967 births Category:20th-century American male actors Category:21st-century American male actors Category:American male film actors Category:American male screenwriters Category:American male stage actors Category:American male television actors Category:American male voice actors Category:American entertainers of Cuban descent Category:American people of Spanish descent Category:American Roman Catholics Category:Film producers from New York (state) Category:American television directors Category:Deerfield Academy alumni Category:Harvard University alumni Category:Hispanic and Latino American male actors Category:Living people Category:Male actors from New York City Category:Screenwriters from New York (state)

Avicenna Ibn Sina (), also known as Abu Ali Sina (), Pur Sina (), and often known in the west as Avicenna (;  – June 1037) was a Persian polymath who is regarded as one of the most significant physicians, astronomers, thinkers and writers of the Islamic Golden Age, and the father of modern medicine. Avicenna is also called "the most influential philosopher of the pre-modern era". He was a peripatetic philosopher influenced by Aristotelian philosophy. Of the 450 works he is believed to have written, around 240 have survived, including 150 on philosophy and 40 on medicine. His most famous works are The Book of Healing, a philosophical and scientific encyclopedia, and The Canon of Medicine, a medical encyclopedia which became a standard medical text at many medieval universities and remained in use as late as 1650. Besides philosophy and medicine, Avicenna's corpus includes writings on astronomy, alchemy, geography and geology, psychology, Islamic theology, logic, mathematics, physics and works of poetry. Name is a Latin corruption of the Arabic patronym ibn Sīnā (), meaning "Son of Sina". However, Avicenna was not the son but the great-great-grandson of a man named Sina. His formal Arabic name was Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAbdillāh ibn al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn Sīnā (). Circumstances Ibn Sina created an extensive corpus of works during what is commonly known as the Islamic Golden Age, in which the translations of Greco-Roman, Persian, and Indian texts were studied extensively. Greco-Roman (Mid- and Neo-Platonic, and Aristotelian) texts translated by the Kindi school were commented, redacted and developed substantially by Islamic intellectuals, who also built upon Persian and Indian mathematical systems, astronomy, algebra, trigonometry and medicine. The Samanid dynasty in the eastern part of Persia, Greater Khorasan and Central Asia as well as the Buyid dynasty in the western part of Persia and Iraq provided a thriving atmosphere for scholarly and cultural development. Under the Samanids, Bukhara rivaled Baghdad as a cultural capital of the Islamic world. There, the study of the Quran and the Hadith thrived. Philosophy, Fiqh and theology (kalaam) were further developed, most noticeably by Avicenna and his opponents. Al-Razi and Al-Farabi had provided methodology and knowledge in medicine and philosophy. Avicenna had access to the great libraries of Balkh, Khwarezm, Gorgan, Rey, Isfahan and Hamadan. Various texts (such as the 'Ahd with Bahmanyar) show that he debated philosophical points with the greatest scholars of the time. Aruzi Samarqandi describes how before Avicenna left Khwarezm he had met Al-Biruni (a famous scientist and astronomer), Abu Nasr Iraqi (a renowned mathematician), Abu Sahl Masihi (a respected philosopher) and Abu al-Khayr Khammar (a great physician). Biography Early life Avicenna was born in Afshana, a village near Bukhara (in present-day Uzbekistan), the capital of the Samanids, a Persian dynasty in Central Asia and Greater Khorasan. His mother, named Sitāra, was from Bukhara; While, according to most scholars, most of Avicenna's family were Sunnis, his father, Abdullāh, was a respected scholar from Balkh who converted to Ismailism. It was an important town of the Samanid Empire, in what is today Balkh Province, Afghanistan. His father worked in the government of Samanid in the village Kharmasain, a Sunni regional power. After five years, his younger brother, Mahmoud, was born. Avicenna first began to learn the Quran and literature in such a way that when he was ten years old he had essentially learned all of them. According to his autobiography, Avicenna had memorised the entire Quran by the age of 10. He learned Indian arithmetic from an Indian greengrocer, Mahmoud Massahi and he began to learn more from a wandering scholar who gained a livelihood by curing the sick and teaching the young. He also studied Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) under the Sunni Hanafi scholar Ismail al-Zahid. Avicenna was taught some extent of philosophy books such as Introduction (Isagoge)'s Porphyry (philosopher), Euclid's Elements, Ptolemy's Almagest by an unpopular philosopher, Abu Abdullah Nateli, who claimed philosophizing. As a teenager, he was greatly troubled by the Metaphysics of Aristotle, which he could not understand until he read al-Farabi's commentary on the work. For the next year and a half, he studied philosophy, in which he encountered greater obstacles. In such moments of baffled inquiry, he would leave his books, perform the requisite ablutions, then go to the mosque, and continue in prayer till light broke on his difficulties. Deep into the night, he would continue his studies, and even in his dreams problems would pursue him and work out their solution. Forty times, it is said, he read through the Metaphysics of Aristotle, till the words were imprinted on his memory; but their meaning was hopelessly obscure to him until he purchased a brief commentary by al-Farabi from a bookstall for three dirhams (a very low price at the time). So great was his joy at the discovery, made with the help of a work from which he had expected only mystery, that he hastened to return thanks to God, and bestowed alms upon the poor. He turned to medicine at 16, and not only learned medical theory, but also by gratuitous attendance of the sick had, according to his own account, discovered new methods of treatment. The teenager achieved full status as a qualified physician at age 18, and found that "Medicine is no hard and thorny science, like mathematics and metaphysics, so I soon made great progress; I became an excellent doctor and began to treat patients, using approved remedies." The youthful physician's fame spread quickly, and he treated many patients without asking for payment. Religion A number of theories have been proposed regarding Avicenna's madhab (school of thought within Islamic jurisprudence). Medieval historian Ẓahīr al-dīn al-Bayhaqī (d. 1169) considered Avicenna to be a follower of the Brethren of Purity. On the other hand, Dimitri Gutas along with Aisha Khan and Jules J. Janssens demonstrated that Avicenna was a Sunni Hanafi. Avicenna studied Hanafi law, many of his notable teachers were Hanafi jurists, and he served under the Hanafi court of Ali ibn Mamun. Avicenna said at an early age that he remained "unconvinced" by Ismaili missionary attempts to convert him. However, the 14th century Shia faqih Nurullah Shushtari according to Seyyed Hossein Nasr, maintained that he was most likely a Twelver Shia. Conversely, Sharaf Khorasani, citing a rejection of an invitation of the Sunni Governor Sultan Mahmoud Ghazanavi by Avicenna to his court, believes that Avicenna was an Ismaili. Similar disagreements exist on the background of Avicenna's family, whereas some writers considered them Sunni, some more recent writers contested that they were Shia. Adulthood Avicenna's first appointment was that of physician to the emir, Nuh II, who owed him his recovery from a dangerous illness (997). Ibn Sina's chief reward for this service was access to the royal library of the Samanids, well-known patrons of scholarship and scholars. When the library was destroyed by fire not long after, the enemies of Ibn Sina accused him of burning it, in order for ever to conceal the sources of his knowledge. Meanwhile, he assisted his father in his financial labors, but still found time to write some of his earliest works. At 22 years old, Avicenna lost his father. The Samanid dynasty came to its end in December 1004. Avicenna seems to have declined the offers of Mahmud of Ghazni, and proceeded westwards to Urgench in modern Turkmenistan, where the vizier, regarded as a friend of scholars, gave him a small monthly stipend. The pay was small, however, so Ibn Sina wandered from place to place through the districts of Nishapur and Merv to the borders of Khorasan, seeking an opening for his talents. Qabus, the generous ruler of Tabaristan, himself a poet and a scholar, with whom Ibn Sina had expected to find asylum, was on about that date (1012) starved to death by his troops who had revolted. Avicenna himself was at this time stricken by a severe illness. Finally, at Gorgan, near the Caspian Sea, Avicenna met with a friend, who bought a dwelling near his own house in which Avicenna lectured on logic and astronomy. Several of his treatises were written for this patron; and the commencement of his Canon of Medicine also dates from his stay in Hyrcania. Avicenna subsequently settled at Rey, in the vicinity of modern Tehran, the home town of Rhazes; where Majd Addaula, a son of the last Buwayhid emir, was nominal ruler under the regency of his mother (Seyyedeh Khatun). About thirty of Ibn Sina's shorter works are said to have been composed in Rey. Constant feuds which raged between the regent and her second son, Shams al-Daula, however, compelled the scholar to quit the place. After a brief sojourn at Qazvin he passed southwards to Hamadãn where Shams al-Daula, another Buwayhid emir, had established himself. At first, Ibn Sina entered into the service of a high-born lady; but the emir, hearing of his arrival, called him in as medical attendant, and sent him back with presents to his dwelling. Ibn Sina was even raised to the office of vizier. The emir decreed that he should be banished from the country. Ibn Sina, however, remained hidden for forty days in sheikh Ahmed Fadhel's house, until a fresh attack of illness induced the emir to restore him to his post. Even during this perturbed time, Ibn Sina persevered with his studies and teaching. Every evening, extracts from his great works, the Canon and the Sanatio, were dictated and explained to his pupils. On the death of the emir, Ibn Sina ceased to be vizier and hid himself in the house of an apothecary, where, with intense assiduity, he continued the composition of his works. Meanwhile, he had written to Abu Ya'far, the prefect of the dynamic city of Isfahan, offering his services. The new emir of Hamadan, hearing of this correspondence and discovering where Ibn Sina was hiding, incarcerated him in a fortress. War meanwhile continued between the rulers of Isfahan and Hamadãn; in 1024 the former captured Hamadan and its towns, expelling the Tajik mercenaries. When the storm had passed, Ibn Sina returned with the emir to Hamadan, and carried on his literary labors. Later, however, accompanied by his brother, a favorite pupil, and two slaves, Ibn Sina escaped from the city in the dress of a Sufi ascetic. After a perilous journey, they reached Isfahan, receiving an honorable welcome from the prince. Later life and death The remaining ten or twelve years of Ibn Sīnā's life were spent in the service of the Kakuyid ruler Muhammad ibn Rustam Dushmanziyar (also known as Ala al-Dawla), whom he accompanied as physician and general literary and scientific adviser, even in his numerous campaigns. During these years he began to study literary matters and philology, instigated, it is asserted, by criticisms on his style. A severe colic, which seized him on the march of the army against Hamadan, was checked by remedies so violent that Ibn Sina could scarcely stand. On a similar occasion the disease returned; with difficulty he reached Hamadan, where, finding the disease gaining ground, he refused to keep up the regimen imposed, and resigned himself to his fate. His friends advised him to slow down and take life moderately. He refused, however, stating that: "I prefer a short life with width to a narrow one with length". On his deathbed remorse seized him; he bestowed his goods on the poor, restored unjust gains, freed his slaves, and read through the Quran every three days until his death. He died in June 1037, in his fifty-six year, in the month of Ramadan and was buried in Hamadan, Iran. Philosophy Ibn Sīnā wrote extensively on early Islamic philosophy, especially the subjects logic, ethics, and metaphysics, including treatises named Logic and Metaphysics. Most of his works were written in Arabic – then the language of science in the Middle East – and some in Persian. Of linguistic significance even to this day are a few books that he wrote in nearly pure Persian language (particularly the Danishnamah-yi 'Ala', Philosophy for Ala' ad-Dawla'). Ibn Sīnā's commentaries on Aristotle often criticized the philosopher, encouraging a lively debate in the spirit of ijtihad. Avicenna's Neoplatonic scheme of "emanations" became fundamental in the Kalam (school of theological discourse) in the 12th century. His Book of Healing became available in Europe in partial Latin translation some fifty years after its composition, under the title Sufficientia, and some authors have identified a "Latin Avicennism" as flourishing for some time, paralleling the more influential Latin Averroism, but suppressed by the Parisian decrees of 1210 and 1215. Avicenna's psychology and theory of knowledge influenced William of Auvergne, Bishop of Paris and Albertus Magnus, while his metaphysics influenced the thought of Thomas Aquinas. Metaphysical doctrine Early Islamic philosophy and Islamic metaphysics, imbued as it is with Islamic theology, distinguishes more clearly than Aristotelianism between essence and existence. Whereas existence is the domain of the contingent and the accidental, essence endures within a being beyond the accidental. The philosophy of Ibn Sīnā, particularly that part relating to metaphysics, owes much to al-Farabi. The search for a definitive Islamic philosophy separate from Occasionalism can be seen in what is left of his work. Following al-Farabi's lead, Avicenna initiated a full-fledged inquiry into the question of being, in which he distinguished between essence (Mahiat) and existence (Wujud). He argued that the fact of existence cannot be inferred from or accounted for by the essence of existing things, and that form and matter by themselves cannot interact and originate the movement of the universe or the progressive actualization of existing things. Existence must, therefore, be due to an agent-cause that necessitates, imparts, gives, or adds existence to an essence. To do so, the cause must be an existing thing and coexist with its effect. Avicenna's consideration of the essence-attributes question may be elucidated in terms of his ontological analysis of the modalities of being; namely impossibility, contingency, and necessity. Avicenna argued that the impossible being is that which cannot exist, while the contingent in itself (mumkin bi-dhatihi) has the potentiality to be or not to be without entailing a contradiction. When actualized, the contingent becomes a 'necessary existent due to what is other than itself' (wajib al-wujud bi-ghayrihi). Thus, contingency-in-itself is potential beingness that could eventually be actualized by an external cause other than itself. The metaphysical structures of necessity and contingency are different. Necessary being due to itself (wajib al-wujud bi-dhatihi) is true in itself, while the contingent being is 'false in itself' and 'true due to something else other than itself'. The necessary is the source of its own being without borrowed existence. It is what always exists. The Necessary exists 'due-to-Its-Self', and has no quiddity/essence (mahiyya) other than existence (wujud). Furthermore, It is 'One' (wahid ahad) since there cannot be more than one 'Necessary-Existent-due-to-Itself' without differentia (fasl) to distinguish them from each other. Yet, to require differentia entails that they exist 'due-to-themselves' as well as 'due to what is other than themselves'; and this is contradictory. However, if no differentia distinguishes them from each other, then there is no sense in which these 'Existents' are not one and the same. Avicenna adds that the 'Necessary-Existent-due-to-Itself' has no genus (jins), nor a definition (hadd), nor a counterpart (nadd), nor an opposite (did), and is detached (bari) from matter (madda), quality (kayf), quantity (kam), place (ayn), situation (wad), and time (waqt). Avicenna's theology on metaphysical issues (ilāhiyyāt) has been criticized by some Islamic scholars, among them al-Ghazali, Ibn Taymiyya, and Ibn al-Qayyim. While discussing the views of the theists among the Greek philosophers, namely Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle in Al-Munqidh min ad-Dalal ("Deliverance from Error"), al-Ghazali noted that the Greek philosophers "must be taxed with unbelief, as must their partisans among the Muslim philosophers, such as Ibn Sina and al-Farabi and their likes." He added that "None, however, of the Muslim philosophers engaged so much in transmitting Aristotle's lore as did the two men just mentioned. [...] The sum of what we regard as the authentic philosophy of Aristotle, as transmitted by al-Farabi and Ibn Sina, can be reduced to three parts: a part which must be branded as unbelief; a part which must be stigmatized as innovation; and a part which need not be repudiated at all. Argument for God's existence Avicenna made an argument for the existence of God which would be known as the "Proof of the Truthful" (Arabic: al-burhan al-siddiqin). Avicenna argued that there must be a "necessary existent" (Arabic: wajib al-wujud), an entity that cannot not exist and through a series of arguments, he identified it with the Islamic conception of God. Present-day historian of philosophy Peter Adamson called this argument one of the most influential medieval arguments for God's existence, and Avicenna's biggest contribution to the history of philosophy. Al-Biruni correspondence Correspondence between Ibn Sina (with his student Ahmad ibn 'Ali al-Ma'sumi) and Al-Biruni has survived in which they debated Aristotelian natural philosophy and the Peripatetic school. Abu Rayhan began by asking Avicenna eighteen questions, ten of which were criticisms of Aristotle's On the Heavens. Theology Avicenna was a devout Muslim and sought to reconcile rational philosophy with Islamic theology. His aim was to prove the existence of God and His creation of the world scientifically and through reason and logic. Avicenna's views on Islamic theology (and philosophy) were enormously influential, forming part of the core of the curriculum at Islamic religious schools until the 19th century. Avicenna wrote a number of short treatises dealing with Islamic theology. These included treatises on the prophets (whom he viewed as "inspired philosophers"), and also on various scientific and philosophical interpretations of the Quran, such as how Quranic cosmology corresponds to his own philosophical system. In general these treatises linked his philosophical writings to Islamic religious ideas; for example, the body's afterlife. There are occasional brief hints and allusions in his longer works however that Avicenna considered philosophy as the only sensible way to distinguish real prophecy from illusion. He did not state this more clearly because of the political implications of such a theory, if prophecy could be questioned, and also because most of the time he was writing shorter works which concentrated on explaining his theories on philosophy and theology clearly, without digressing to consider epistemological matters which could only be properly considered by other philosophers. Later interpretations of Avicenna's philosophy split into three different schools; those (such as al-Tusi) who continued to apply his philosophy as a system to interpret later political events and scientific advances; those (such as al-Razi) who considered Avicenna's theological works in isolation from his wider philosophical concerns; and those (such as al-Ghazali) who selectively used parts of his philosophy to support their own attempts to gain greater spiritual insights through a variety of mystical means. It was the theological interpretation championed by those such as al-Razi which eventually came to predominate in the madrasahs. Avicenna memorized the Quran by the age of ten, and as an adult, he wrote five treatises commenting on suras from the Quran. One of these texts included the Proof of Prophecies, in which he comments on several Quranic verses and holds the Quran in high esteem. Avicenna argued that the Islamic prophets should be considered higher than philosophers. Thought experiments While he was imprisoned in the castle of Fardajan near Hamadhan, Avicenna wrote his famous "Floating Man" – literally falling man – thought experiment to demonstrate human self-awareness and the substantiality and immateriality of the soul. Avicenna believed his "Floating Man" thought experiment demonstrated that the soul is a substance, and claimed humans cannot doubt their own consciousness, even in a situation that prevents all sensory data input. The thought experiment told its readers to imagine themselves created all at once while suspended in the air, isolated from all sensations, which includes no sensory contact with even their own bodies. He argued that, in this scenario, one would still have self-consciousness. Because it is conceivable that a person, suspended in air while cut off from sense experience, would still be capable of determining his own existence, the thought experiment points to the conclusions that the soul is a perfection, independent of the body, and an immaterial substance. The conceivability of this "Floating Man" indicates that the soul is perceived intellectually, which entails the soul's separateness from the body. Avicenna referred to the living human intelligence, particularly the active intellect, which he believed to be the hypostasis by which God communicates truth to the human mind and imparts order and intelligibility to nature. Following is an English translation of the argument: However, Avicenna posited the brain as the place where reason interacts with sensation. Sensation prepares the soul to receive rational concepts from the universal Agent Intellect. The first knowledge of the flying person would be "I am," affirming his or her essence. That essence could not be the body, obviously, as the flying person has no sensation. Thus, the knowledge that "I am" is the core of a human being: the soul exists and is self-aware. Avicenna thus concluded that the idea of the self is not logically dependent on any physical thing, and that the soul should not be seen in relative terms, but as a primary given, a substance. The body is unnecessary; in relation to it, the soul is its perfection. In itself, the soul is an immaterial substance. The Canon of Medicine Avicenna authored a five-volume medical encyclopedia: The Canon of Medicine (Al-Qanun fi't-Tibb). It was used as the standard medical textbook in the Islamic world and Europe up to the 18th century. The Canon still plays an important role in Unani medicine. Liber Primus Naturalium Avicenna considered whether events like rare diseases or disorders have natural causes. He used the example of polydactyly to explain his perception that causal reasons exist for all medical events. This view of medical phenomena anticipated developments in the Enlightenment by seven centuries. The Book of Healing Earth sciences Ibn Sīnā wrote on Earth sciences such as geology in The Book of Healing. While discussing the formation of mountains, he explained: Philosophy of science In the Al-Burhan (On Demonstration) section of The Book of Healing, Avicenna discussed the philosophy of science and described an early scientific method of inquiry. He discusses Aristotle's Posterior Analytics and significantly diverged from it on several points. Avicenna discussed the issue of a proper methodology for scientific inquiry and the question of "How does one acquire the first principles of a science?" He asked how a scientist would arrive at "the initial axioms or hypotheses of a deductive science without inferring them from some more basic premises?" He explains that the ideal situation is when one grasps that a "relation holds between the terms, which would allow for absolute, universal certainty". Avicenna then adds two further methods for arriving at the first principles: the ancient Aristotelian method of induction (istiqra), and the method of examination and experimentation (tajriba). Avicenna criticized Aristotelian induction, arguing that "it does not lead to the absolute, universal, and certain premises that it purports to provide." In its place, he develops a "method of experimentation as a means for scientific inquiry." Logic An early formal system of temporal logic was studied by Avicenna. Although he did not develop a real theory of temporal propositions, he did study the relationship between temporalis and the implication. Avicenna's work was further developed by Najm al-Dīn al-Qazwīnī al-Kātibī and became the dominant system of Islamic logic until modern times. Avicennian logic also influenced several early European logicians such as Albertus Magnus and William of Ockham. Avicenna endorsed the law of noncontradiction proposed by Aristotle, that a fact could not be both true and false at the same time and in the same sense of the terminology used. He stated, "Anyone who denies the law of noncontradiction should be beaten and burned until he admits that to be beaten is not the same as not to be beaten, and to be burned is not the same as not to be burned." Physics In mechanics, Ibn Sīnā, in The Book of Healing, developed a theory of motion, in which he made a distinction between the inclination (tendency to motion) and force of a projectile, and concluded that motion was a result of an inclination (mayl) transferred to the projectile by the thrower, and that projectile motion in a vacuum would not cease. He viewed inclination as a permanent force whose effect is dissipated by external forces such as air resistance. The theory of motion presented by Avicenna was probably influenced by the 6th-century Alexandrian scholar John Philoponus. Avicenna's is a less sophisticated variant of the theory of impetus developed by Buridan in the 14th century. It is unclear if Buridan was influenced by Avicenna, or by Philoponus directly. In optics, Ibn Sina was among those who argued that light had a speed, observing that "if the perception of light is due to the emission of some sort of particles by a luminous source, the speed of light must be finite." He also provided a wrong explanation of the rainbow phenomenon. Carl Benjamin Boyer described Avicenna's ("Ibn Sīnā") theory on the rainbow as follows: In 1253, a Latin text entitled Speculum Tripartitum stated the following regarding Avicenna's theory on heat: Psychology Avicenna's legacy in classical psychology is primarily embodied in the Kitab al-nafs parts of his Kitab al-shifa (The Book of Healing) and Kitab al-najat (The Book of Deliverance). These were known in Latin under the title De Anima (treatises "on the soul"). Notably, Avicenna develops what is called the Flying Man argument in the Psychology of The Cure I.1.7 as defense of the argument that the soul is without quantitative extension, which has an affinity with Descartes's cogito argument (or what phenomenology designates as a form of an "epoche"). Avicenna's psychology requires that connection between the body and soul be strong enough to ensure the soul's individuation, but weak enough to allow for its immortality. Avicenna grounds his psychology on physiology, which means his account of the soul is one that deals almost entirely with the natural science of the body and its abilities of perception. Thus, the philosopher's connection between the soul and body is explained almost entirely by his understanding of perception; in this way, bodily perception interrelates with the immaterial human intellect. In sense perception, the perceiver senses the form of the object; first, by perceiving features of the object by our external senses. This sensory information is supplied to the internal senses, which merge all the pieces into a whole, unified conscious experience. This process of perception and abstraction is the nexus of the soul and body, for the material body may only perceive material objects, while the immaterial soul may only receive the immaterial, universal forms. The way the soul and body interact in the final abstraction of the universal from the concrete particular is the key to their relationship and interaction, which takes place in the physical body. The soul completes the action of intellection by accepting forms that have been abstracted from matter. This process requires a concrete particular (material) to be abstracted into the universal intelligible (immaterial). The material and immaterial interact through the Active Intellect, which is a "divine light" containing the intelligible forms. The Active Intellect reveals the universals concealed in material objects much like the sun makes color available to our eyes. Other contributions Astronomy and astrology Avicenna wrote an attack on astrology titled Resāla fī ebṭāl aḥkām al-nojūm, in which he cited passages from the Quran to dispute the power of astrology to foretell the future. He believed that each planet had some influence on the earth, but argued against astrologers being able to determine the exact effects. Avicenna's astronomical writings had some influence on later writers, although in general his work could be considered less developed than Alhazen or Al-Biruni. One important feature of his writing is that he considers mathematical astronomy as a separate discipline to astrology. He criticized Aristotle's view of the stars receiving their light from the Sun, stating that the stars are self-luminous, and believed that the planets are also self-luminous. He claimed to have observed Venus as a spot on the Sun. This is possible, as there was a transit on May 24, 1032, but Avicenna did not give the date of his observation, and modern scholars have questioned whether he could have observed the transit from his location at that time; he may have mistaken a sunspot for Venus. He used his transit observation to help establish that Venus was, at least sometimes, below the Sun in Ptolemaic cosmology, i.e. the sphere of Venus comes before the sphere of the Sun when moving out from the Earth in the prevailing geocentric model. He also wrote the Summary of the Almagest, (based on Ptolemy's Almagest), with an appended treatise "to bring that which is stated in the Almagest and what is understood from Natural Science into conformity". For example, Avicenna considers the motion of the solar apogee, which Ptolemy had taken to be fixed. Chemistry Ibn Sīnā used steam distillation to produce essential oils such as rose essence, which he used as aromatherapeutic treatments for heart conditions. Unlike al-Razi, Ibn Sīnā explicitly disputed the theory of the transmutation of substances commonly believed by alchemists: Four works on alchemy attributed to Avicenna were translated into Latin as: was the most influential, having influenced later medieval chemists and alchemists such as Vincent of Beauvais. However Anawati argues (following Ruska) that the de Anima is a fake by a Spanish author. Similarly the Declaratio is believed not to be actually by Avicenna. The third work (The Book of Minerals) is agreed to be Avicenna's writing, adapted from the Kitab al-Shifa (Book of the Remedy). Ibn Sina classified minerals into stones, fusible substances, sulfurs, and salts, building on the ideas of Aristotle and Jabir. The epistola de Re recta is somewhat less sceptical of alchemy; Anawati argues that it is by Avicenna, but written earlier in his career when he had not yet firmly decided that transmutation was impossible. Poetry Almost half of Ibn Sīnā's works are versified. His poems appear in both Arabic and Persian. As an example, Edward Granville Browne claims that the following Persian verses are incorrectly attributed to Omar Khayyám, and were originally written by Ibn Sīnā: Legacy Classical Islamic civilization Robert Wisnovsky, a scholar of Avicenna attached to the McGill University, says that "Avicenna was the central figure in the long history of the rational sciences in Islam, particularly in the fields of metaphysics, logic and medicine" but that his works didn't only have an influence in these "secular" fields of knowledge alone, as "these works, or portions of them, were read, taught, copied, commented upon, quoted, paraphrased and cited by thousands of post-Avicennian scholars — not only philosophers, logicians, physicians and specialists in the mathematical or exact sciences, but also by those who specialized in the disciplines of ʿilm al-kalām (rational theology, but understood to include natural philosophy, epistemology and philosophy of mind) and usūl al-fiqh (jurisprudence, but understood to include philosophy of law, dialectic, and philosophy of language)." Middle Ages and Renaissance As early as the 13th century when Dante Alighieri depicted him in Limbo alongside the virtuous non-Christian thinkers in his Divine Comedy such as Virgil, Averroes, Homer, Horace, Ovid, Lucan, Socrates, Plato, and Saladin. Avicenna has been recognized by both East and West, as one of the great figures in intellectual history. George Sarton, the author of The History of Science, described Ibn Sīnā as "one of the greatest thinkers and medical scholars in history" and called him "the most famous scientist of Islam and one of the most famous of all races, places, and times." He was one of the Islamic world's leading writers in the field of medicine. Along with Rhazes, Abulcasis, Ibn al-Nafis, and al-Ibadi, Ibn Sīnā is considered an important compiler of early Muslim medicine. He is remembered in the Western history of medicine as a major historical figure who made important contributions to medicine and the European Renaissance. His medical texts were unusual in that where controversy existed between Galen and Aristotle's views on medical matters (such as anatomy), he preferred to side with Aristotle, where necessary updating Aristotle's position to take into account post-Aristotelian advances in anatomical knowledge. Aristotle's dominant intellectual influence among medieval European scholars meant that Avicenna's linking of Galen's medical writings with Aristotle's philosophical writings in the Canon of Medicine (along with its comprehensive and logical organisation of knowledge) significantly increased Avicenna's importance in medieval Europe in comparison to other Islamic writers on medicine. His influence following translation of the Canon was such that from the early fourteenth to the mid-sixteenth centuries he was ranked with Hippocrates and Galen as one of the acknowledged authorities, ("prince of physicians"). Modern reception In present-day Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan, he is considered a national icon, and is often regarded as among the greatest Persians. A monument was erected outside the Bukhara museum. The Avicenna Mausoleum and Museum in Hamadan was built in 1952. Bu-Ali Sina University in Hamadan (Iran), the biotechnology Avicenna Research Institute in Tehran (Iran), the ibn Sīnā Tajik State Medical University in Dushanbe, Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences at Aligarh, India, Avicenna School in Karachi and Avicenna Medical College in Lahore, Pakistan, Ibne Sina Balkh Medical School in his native province of Balkh in Afghanistan, Ibni Sina Faculty Of Medicine of Ankara University Ankara, Turkey, the main classroom building (the Avicenna Building) of the Sharif University of Technology, and Ibn Sina Integrated School in Marawi City (Philippines) are all named in his honour. His portrait hangs in the Hall of the Avicenna Faculty of Medicine in the University of Paris. There is a crater on the Moon named Avicenna and a mangrove genus. In 1980, the Soviet Union, which then ruled his birthplace Bukhara, celebrated the thousandth anniversary of Avicenna's birth by circulating various commemorative stamps with artistic illustrations, and by erecting a bust of Avicenna based on anthropological research by Soviet scholars. Near his birthplace in Qishlak Afshona, some north of Bukhara, a training college for medical staff has been named for him. On the grounds is a museum dedicated to his life, times and work. The Avicenna Prize, established in 2003, is awarded every two years by UNESCO and rewards individuals and groups for their achievements in the field of ethics in science. The aim of the award is to promote ethical reflection on issues raised by advances in science and technology, and to raise global awareness of the importance of ethics in science. The Avicenna Directories (2008–15; now the World Directory of Medical Schools) list universities and schools where doctors, public health practitioners, pharmacists and others, are educated. The original project team stated "Why Avicenna? Avicenna ... was ... noted for his synthesis of knowledge from both east and west. He has had a lasting influence on the development of medicine and health sciences. The use of Avicenna's name symbolises the worldwide partnership that is needed for the promotion of health services of high quality." In June 2009, Iran donated a "Persian Scholars Pavilion" to United Nations Office in Vienna which is placed in the central Memorial Plaza of the Vienna International Center. The "Persian Scholars Pavilion" at United Nations in Vienna, Austria is featuring the statues of four prominent Iranian figures. Highlighting the Iranian architectural features, the pavilion is adorned with Persian art forms and includes the statues of renowned Iranian scientists Avicenna, Al-Biruni, Zakariya Razi (Rhazes) and Omar Khayyam. The 1982 Soviet film Youth of Genius () by recounts Avicenna's younger years. The film is set in Bukhara at the turn of the millennium. In Louis L'Amour's 1985 historical novel The Walking Drum, Kerbouchard studies and discusses Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine. In his book The Physician (1988) Noah Gordon tells the story of a young English medical apprentice who disguises himself as a Jew to travel from England to Persia and learn from Avicenna, the great master of his time. The novel was adapted into a feature film, The Physician, in 2013. Avicenna was played by Ben Kingsley. Arabic works The treatises of Ibn Sīnā influenced later Muslim thinkers in many areas including theology, philology, mathematics, astronomy, physics, and music. His works numbered almost 450 volumes on a wide range of subjects, of which around 240 have survived. In particular, 150 volumes of his surviving works concentrate on philosophy and 40 of them concentrate on medicine. His most famous works are The Book of Healing, and The Canon of Medicine. Ibn Sīnā wrote at least one treatise on alchemy, but several others have been falsely attributed to him. His Logic, Metaphysics, Physics, and De Caelo, are treatises giving a synoptic view of Aristotelian doctrine, though Metaphysics demonstrates a significant departure from the brand of Neoplatonism known as Aristotelianism in Ibn Sīnā's world; Arabic philosophers have hinted at the idea that Ibn Sīnā was attempting to "re-Aristotelianise" Muslim philosophy in its entirety, unlike his predecessors, who accepted the conflation of Platonic, Aristotelian, Neo- and Middle-Platonic works transmitted into the Muslim world. The Logic and Metaphysics have been extensively reprinted, the latter, e.g., at Venice in 1493, 1495, and 1546. Some of his shorter essays on medicine, logic, etc., take a poetical form (the poem on logic was published by Schmoelders in 1836). Two encyclopedic treatises, dealing with philosophy, are often mentioned. The larger, Al-Shifa' (Sanatio), exists nearly complete in manuscript in the Bodleian Library and elsewhere; part of it on the De Anima appeared at Pavia (1490) as the Liber Sextus Naturalium, and the long account of Ibn Sina's philosophy given by Muhammad al-Shahrastani seems to be mainly an analysis, and in many places a reproduction, of the Al-Shifa'. A shorter form of the work is known as the An-najat (Liberatio). The Latin editions of part of these works have been modified by the corrections which the monastic editors confess that they applied. There is also a (hikmat-al-mashriqqiyya, in Latin Philosophia Orientalis), mentioned by Roger Bacon, the majority of which is lost in antiquity, which according to Averroes was pantheistic in tone. List of works Avicenna's works include: Sirat al-shaykh al-ra'is (The Life of Ibn Sina), ed. and trans. WE. Gohlman, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1974. (The only critical edition of Ibn Sina's autobiography, supplemented with material from a biography by his student Abu 'Ubayd al-Juzjani. A more recent translation of the Autobiography appears in D. Gutas, Avicenna and the Aristotelian Tradition: Introduction to Reading Avicenna's Philosophical Works, Leiden: Brill, 1988; second edition 2014.) Al-isharat wa al-tanbihat (Remarks and Admonitions), ed. S. Dunya, Cairo, 1960; parts translated by S.C. Inati, Remarks and Admonitions, Part One: Logic, Toronto, Ont.: Pontifical Institute for Mediaeval Studies, 1984, and Ibn Sina and Mysticism, Remarks and Admonitions: Part 4, London: Kegan Paul International, 1996. Al-Qanun fi'l-tibb (The Canon of Medicine), ed. I. a-Qashsh, Cairo, 1987. (Encyclopedia of medicine.) manuscript, Latin translation, Flores Avicenne, Michael de Capella, 1508, Modern text. Ahmed Shawkat Al-Shatti, Jibran Jabbur. Risalah fi sirr al-qadar (Essay on the Secret of Destiny), trans. G. Hourani in Reason and Tradition in Islamic Ethics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985. Danishnama-i 'ala'i (The Book of Scientific Knowledge), ed. and trans. P. Morewedge, The Metaphysics of Avicenna, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1973. Kitab al-Shifa''' (The Book of Healing). (Ibn Sina's major work on philosophy. He probably began to compose al-Shifa' in 1014, and completed it in 1020.) Critical editions of the Arabic text have been published in Cairo, 1952–83, originally under the supervision of I. Madkour. Kitab al-Najat (The Book of Salvation), trans. F. Rahman, Avicenna's Psychology: An English Translation of Kitab al-Najat, Book II, Chapter VI with Historical-philosophical Notes and Textual Improvements on the Cairo Edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1952. (The psychology of al-Shifa'.) (Digital version of the Arabic text) Hayy ibn Yaqdhan a Persian myth. A novel called Hayy ibn Yaqdhan, based on Avicenna's story, was later written by Ibn Tufail (Abubacer) in the 12th century and translated into Latin and English as Philosophus Autodidactus in the 17th and 18th centuries respectively. In the 13th century, Ibn al-Nafis wrote his own novel Fadil ibn Natiq, known as Theologus Autodidactus in the West, as a critical response to Hayy ibn Yaqdhan. Persian works Avicenna's most important Persian work is the Danishnama-i 'Alai (, "the Book of Knowledge for [Prince] 'Ala ad-Daulah"). Avicenna created new scientific vocabulary that had not previously existed in Persian. The Danishnama covers such topics as logic, metaphysics, music theory and other sciences of his time. It has been translated into English by Parwiz Morewedge in 1977. The book is also important in respect to Persian scientific works.Andar Danesh-e Rag (, "On the Science of the Pulse") contains nine chapters on the science of the pulse and is a condensed synopsis. Persian poetry from Ibn Sina is recorded in various manuscripts and later anthologies such as Nozhat al-Majales. See also Al-Qumri Abdol Hamid Khosro Shahi Ibn Sina Peak – named after the Scientist Mumijo Philosophy Eastern philosophy Iranian philosophy Islamic philosophy Contemporary Islamic philosophy Science in medieval Islam List of Muslim scientists Sufi philosophy Science and technology in Iran Ancient Iranian Medicine List of Iranian scientists and scholars References Further reading Encyclopedic articles (PDF version) Avicenna entry by Sajjad H. Rizvi in the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy Primary literature For an old list of other extant works, C. Brockelmann's Geschichte der arabischen Litteratur (Weimar, 1898), vol. i. pp. 452–458. (XV. W.; G. W. T.) For a current list of his works see A. Bertolacci (2006) and D. Gutas (2014) in the section "Philosophy". Avicenne: Réfutation de l'astrologie. Edition et traduction du texte arabe, introduction, notes et lexique par Yahya Michot. Préface d'Elizabeth Teissier (Beirut-Paris: Albouraq, 2006) . William E. Gohlam (ed.), The Life of Ibn Sina. A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation, Albany, State of New York University Press, 1974. For Ibn Sina's life, see Ibn Khallikan's Biographical Dictionary, translated by de Slane (1842); F. Wüstenfeld's Geschichte der arabischen Aerzte und Naturforscher (Göttingen, 1840). Madelung, Wilferd and Toby Mayer (ed. and tr.), Struggling with the Philosopher: A Refutation of Avicenna's Metaphysics. A New Arabic Edition and English Translation of Shahrastani's Kitab al-Musara'a. Secondary literature This is, on the whole, an informed and good account of the life and accomplishments of one of the greatest influences on the development of thought both Eastern and Western. ... It is not as philosophically thorough as the works of D. Saliba, A.M. Goichon, or L. Gardet, but it is probably the best essay in English on this important thinker of the Middle Ages. (Julius R. Weinberg, The Philosophical Review, Vol. 69, No. 2, Apr. 1960, pp. 255–259) This is a distinguished work which stands out from, and above, many of the books and articles which have been written in this century on Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā) (980–1037). It has two main features on which its distinction as a major contribution to Avicennan studies may be said to rest: the first is its clarity and readability; the second is the comparative approach adopted by the author. ... (Ian Richard Netton, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Third Series, Vol. 4, No. 2, July 1994, pp. 263–264) Y.T. Langermann (ed.), Avicenna and his Legacy. A Golden Age of Science and Philosophy, Brepols Publishers, 2010, For a new understanding of his early career, based on a newly discovered text, see also: Michot, Yahya, Ibn Sînâ: Lettre au vizir Abû Sa'd. Editio princeps d'après le manuscrit de Bursa, traduction de l'arabe, introduction, notes et lexique (Beirut-Paris: Albouraq, 2000) . This German publication is both one of the most comprehensive general introductions to the life and works of the philosopher and physician Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā, d. 1037) and an extensive and careful survey of his contribution to the history of science. Its author is a renowned expert in Greek and Arabic medicine who has paid considerable attention to Avicenna in his recent studies. ... (Amos Bertolacci, Isis, Vol. 96, No. 4, December 2005, p. 649) Shaikh al Rais Ibn Sina (Special number) 1958–59, Ed. Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman, Tibbia College Magazine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. Medicine Browne, Edward G.. Islamic Medicine. Fitzpatrick Lectures Delivered at the Royal College of Physicians in 1919–1920, reprint: New Delhi: Goodword Books, 2001. Pormann, Peter & Savage-Smith, Emilie. Medieval Islamic Medicine, Washington: Georgetown University Press, 2007. Prioreschi, Plinio. Byzantine and Islamic Medicine, A History of Medicine, Vol. 4, Omaha: Horatius Press, 2001. Philosophy Amos Bertolacci, The Reception of Aristotle's Metaphysics in Avicenna's Kitab al-Sifa'. A Milestone of Western Metaphysical Thought, Leiden: Brill 2006, (Appendix C contains an Overview of the Main Works by Avicenna on Metaphysics in Chronological Order). Dimitri Gutas, Avicenna and the Aristotelian Tradition: Introduction to Reading Avicenna's Philosophical Works, Leiden, Brill 2014, second revised and expanded edition (first edition: 1988), including an inventory of Avicenna' Authentic Works. Andreas Lammer: The Elements of Avicenna’s Physics. Greek Sources and Arabic Innovations. Scientia graeco-arabica 20. Berlin / Boston: Walter de Gruyter, 2018. Jon McGinnis and David C. Reisman (eds.) Interpreting Avicenna: Science and Philosophy in Medieval Islam: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Avicenna Study Group, Leiden: Brill, 2004. Michot, Jean R., La destinée de l'homme selon Avicenne, Louvain: Aedibus Peeters, 1986, . Nader El-Bizri, The Phenomenological Quest between Avicenna and Heidegger, Binghamton, N.Y.: Global Publications SUNY, 2000 (reprinted by SUNY Press in 2014 with a new Preface). Nader El-Bizri, "Avicenna and Essentialism," Review of Metaphysics, Vol. 54 (June 2001), pp. 753–778. Nader El-Bizri, "Avicenna's De Anima between Aristotle and Husserl," in The Passions of the Soul in the Metamorphosis of Becoming, ed. Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka, Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2003, pp. 67–89. Nader El-Bizri, "Being and Necessity: A Phenomenological Investigation of Avicenna's Metaphysics and Cosmology," in Islamic Philosophy and Occidental Phenomenology on the Perennial Issue of Microcosm and Macrocosm, ed. Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka, Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2006, pp. 243–261. Nader El-Bizri, 'Ibn Sīnā's Ontology and the Question of Being', Ishrāq: Islamic Philosophy Yearbook 2 (2011), 222–237 Nader El-Bizri, 'Philosophising at the Margins of 'Sh'i Studies': Reflections on Ibn Sīnā's Ontology', in The Study of Sh'i Islam. History, Theology and Law, eds. F. Daftary and G. Miskinzoda (London: I.B. Tauris, 2014), pp. 585–597. Reisman, David C. (ed.), Before and After Avicenna: Proceedings of the First Conference of the Avicenna Study Group'', Leiden: Brill, 2003. External links Avicenna (Ibn-Sina) on the Subject and the Object of Metaphysics with a list of translations of the logical and philosophical works and an annotated bibliography Category:980 births Category:1037 deaths Category:10th-century Iranian people Category:11th-century astronomers Category:11th-century Iranian people Category:11th-century Persian writers Category:11th-century philosophers Category:11th-century physicians Category:Alchemists of medieval Islam Category:Aristotelian philosophers Category:Burials in Iran Category:Buyid viziers Category:Classical humanists Category:Critics of atheism Category:Cultural critics Category:Epistemologists Category:Founders of philosophical traditions Category:History of ideas Category:History of logic Category:History of medicine Category:History of philosophy Category:History of science Category:Iranian music theorists Category:Islamic philosophers Category:Logicians Category:Medieval Persian physicians Category:Medieval Persian poets Category:Medieval Persian writers Category:Metaphysicians Category:Moral philosophers Category:Musical theorists of medieval Islam Category:Muslim inventors Category:Ontologists Category:People from Khorasan Category:Persian philosophers Category:Persian physicists Category:Philosophers of ethics and morality Category:Philosophers of logic Category:Philosophers of mind Category:Philosophers of psychology Category:Philosophers of religion Category:Philosophers of science Category:Physicians of medieval Islam Category:Samanid scholars Category:Unani medicine Category:Medieval Persian philosophers Category:Iranian logicians Category:Iranian ethicists

Archduke Peter Ferdinand of Austria Archduke Peter Ferdinand of Austria, Prince of Hungary and Bohemia, Prince of Tuscany) (Peter Ferdinand Salvator Karl Ludwig Maria Joseph Leopold Anton Rupert Pius Pancraz; 12 May 1874, Salzburg, Austria-Hungary – 8 November 1948, St. Gilgen, Salzburg, Austria) was an Austro-Hungarian archduke and an army commander in the Austro-Hungarian Army during World War I. He was also the titular Grand Duke of Tuscany from 2 May 1921 to 8 November 1948. Family Peter Ferdinand was the fourth child and third-eldest son of Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany and his wife Alice of Bourbon-Parma. His two elder brothers married morganatically. Life Peter Ferdinand had a career in the army. In 1908 he was a colonel, in 1911 major general and on 23 April 1914 he was promoted to Feldmarschall-Leutnant. At the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, he was commander of the 25th Infantry Division, with which he fought against Russia in Galicia and southern Poland, as part of the Austro-Hungarian II Corps. General Moritz von Auffenberg later blamed Peter Ferdinand's actions for preventing the encirclement of the entire 5th Russian army during the Battle of Komarów. In June 1915, Peter Ferdinand was relieved of command and the 25th Division was taken over by Major General Joseph Poleschensky. On 17 April 1917 he was reinstated and, as a General of the Infantry, put in command of an army corps on the Italian front. His troops first defended the Ortler Range and then covered the flank of the 14th German Army during its advance in the Battle of Caporetto. On August 15, 1918 his Corps, now stationed in Trentino, was renamed to V Army Corps. From 26 October 1918, in the last days of the war, he commanded the 10th Army in Trento on behalf of Field Marshal Alexander von Krobatin. Marriage and issue Peter Ferdinand married Princess Maria Cristina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, daughter of Prince Alfonso, Count of Caserta and his wife Princess Antonietta of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, on 8 November 1900 in Cannes, France. They had issue: Archduke Gottfried of Austria, Prince of Tuscany (14 March 1902 – 21 January 1984) married Princess Dorothea of Bavaria on 3 August 1938 in Sárvár, Hungary; and had issue: Archduchess Elisabeth (born 2 October 1939) married Friedrich Elder von Braun on 26 April 1965 and has issue. Archduchess Alice (born 29 April 1941) married Baron Vittorio Manno on 7 May 1970 and has issue. Archduke Leopold Franz (born 25 October 1942) Archduchess Maria Antoinette (born 16 September 1950) Archduchess Helena (30 October 1903 – 8 September 1924) married Philipp Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg on 24 October 1923 at Altshausen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; and they had issue. Archduke Georg (22 August 1905 – 21 March 1952) married Countess Marie Valerie of Waldburg-Zeil-Hohenems on 29 August 1936 at St. Gilgen, and they had issue Archduke Guntram (19 August 1937 – 21 April 1944) Archduke Radbot (born 23 September 1938) married Caroline Proust Archduke Leopold (17 June 1973) married Nina Lenhart-Backhaus on 8 June 2002 Archduchess Chiara (9 March 2004) Archduke Felix (2007) Archduke Georg (2009) Archduke Maximilian (12 August 1976) Archduchess Eleonore (6 October 1979) married Marquess Francesco Pelagallo in 2005 and has issue Archduchess Marie Christine (8 April 1941 – 4 January 1942) Archduchess Walburga (born 23 July 1942) married Carlos Tasso de Saxe-Coburg e Bragança (born 16 July 1931) son of Princess Teresa of Saxe-Coburg & Gotha on 19 February 1969 and has issue. Archduchess Verena (21 June 1944 – 5 January 1945) Archduke Johann (born and died 27 December 1946) Archduchess Katharina (born 24 April 1948) married Roland Huber on 22 May 1983 with no issue. Archduchess Agnes (born 20 April 1950) married Baron Peter von Furstenberg and has issue. Archduke Georg (born 28 August 1952) Archduchess Rosa 22 September 1906 – 17 September 1983) married Philipp Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg on 1 August 1928 at Friedrichshafen; and they had issue. Ancestry References Category:1874 births Category:1948 deaths Category:House of Habsburg-Lorraine Category:Grand Dukes of Tuscany Category:People from Salzburg Category:Grand Masters of the Order of Saint Joseph Category:Austrian princes Category:Knights of the Golden Fleece Category:Austro-Hungarian military personnel of World War I Category:Austro-Hungarian Army officers

Center for Victims of Torture The Center for Victims of Torture (CVT) is an international non-profit headquartered in St. Paul, Minnesota that provides direct care for those who have been tortured, trains partner organizations in the United States and around the world who can prevent and treat torture, conducts research to understand how best to heal survivors, and advocates for an end to torture. CVT's mission is to heal the wounds of torture on individuals, their families and their communities, and to end torture worldwide and it has won the APA International Humanitarian Award from the American Psychological Association Since its founding in 1985, CVT has: Rehabilitated over 30,000 survivors through direct healing. Engaged in post-conflict community building after some of the world's deadliest wars, working in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Jordan and Kenya. Pioneered research in torture survivor rehabilitation to better understand the effects of torture and how best to heal survivors. Led efforts to end the practice of torture by the US government, including President Obama's executive order banning torture and cruel treatment. CVT provides care for survivors at its healing center in St. Paul, Minnesota and at projects in Jordan, the Dadaab refugee camps in Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya, Uganda and in northern Ethiopia working with Eritrean refugees. It has an office in Washington D.C. The Center for Victims of Torture is a 501(c)(3) organization that is recognized by the Charities Review Council, the American Institute of Philanthropy, and Charity Navigator for its well-managed use of donations. History CVT was founded as a result of actions by Minnesota Governor Rudy Perpich. Gov. Perpich directed a committee of human rights experts to research various initiatives to support human rights in Minnesota. The most ambitious proposal from this group was a rehabilitation center for survivors of torture. Governor Perpich embraced the idea. He appointed a task force which traveled to Copenhagen, Denmark, to visit the first treatment center in the world, the Rehabilitation Center for Torture Victims (today known as DIGNITY - Danish Institute Against Torture). The task force recommended that such a center be established in Minnesota. A Home for Healing CVT was founded in 1985 as an independent, nongovernmental organization. For the first two years care was provided at the International Clinic of St. Paul Ramsey Medical Center. In 1987, CVT moved to a more home-like, less institutional setting that would feel welcoming to survivors. Today, CVT provides care from the St. Paul Healing Center. The house was designed to meet the needs of torture survivors, with domestic furnishings, large windows and rooms with rounded or angled corners to create an environment much different from the stark, square rooms with glaring lights that most torture survivors experienced. Expanding Healing Services CVT's international work began in Bosnia and Croatia in 1993. During the war, CVT psychotherapists traveled to the region to train care providers in the specialized treatment of torture survivors. In 1995, CVT began working with centers in Turkey to strengthen the skills of medical professionals and nongovernmental organizations that work with survivors. In 1999, CVT launched its first international direct healing program working with Sierra Leonean refugees in Guinea, West Africa. They provided direct mental health counseling to refugees who were suffering from torture and trauma due to the multiple conflicts in the region. CVT psychotherapists also trained residents of the refugee camps as paraprofessional psychosocial peer counselors – peer mental health counselors – who continue to support a local mental health network after the program finished in 2005. Supporting Rehabilitation Services for Survivors CVT has launched a number of training initiatives to build more resources for appropriate and sensitive care of torture survivors. CVT provides training and technical assistance to torture survivor rehabilitation centers in the United States through a program called the National Capacity-Building project (NCB) and abroad through its project Partners in Trauma Healing (PATH). Training initiatives are designed to build a network of healing professionals where few exist, and for those who participate in a CVT training project to continue providing healing services long after CVT leaves a country. Advocating for Survivors CVT established a presence in Washington D.C. in 1992, with a volunteer representing CVT. At the time, CVT learned that the United States was withholding funds pledged to the United Nations Voluntary Fund for Victims of Torture, an agency that provides financial support to torture survivor rehabilitation centers worldwide. CVT worked with faith-based groups and the human rights community to secure the release of nearly $400,000 – at the time, the largest contribution in the history of the UN Fund. Since then, CVT continued to cultivate bipartisan support for healing survivors of torture. The Torture Victims Relief Act, originating with former Senator Dave Durenberger (R-MN), authorizes federal support for torture survivor rehabilitation programs in the U.S. and abroad. As a result of TVRA, since 2000 the United States has been the world's largest donor to torture survivor rehabilitation. In 1998 CVT organized domestic centers into the National Consortium of Torture Treatment Programs and provides training on advocacy and building constituency. In addition to seeking financial support for torture rehabilitation, CVT collaborated with the National Religious Campaign Against Torture and Evangelicals for Human Rights to advocate against the use of torture by the U.S. government since September 11, 2001. Torture Survivor Rehabilitation International Healing Services CVT provides direct care to torture survivors in areas of the world where few mental health resources are available. Working in refugee camps and areas where conflict has devastated entire communities, CVT trains local community members to meet the mental health needs in their communities for the long term. Healing Survivors of Torture and War CVT provides counseling and community mental health activities to adults and children who suffered torture and war trauma. Most survivors receive small group counseling. These small groups meet weekly for about ten weeks, and, depending on the nature of the trauma, might be divided into different populations including adults, children, men and women, girls and boys. Survivors with severe trauma symptoms receive private individual counseling, with many joining small group counseling when they are able. CVT international healing projects help an average of 1,600 torture and war trauma survivors each year. Survivors receiving care from CVT are followed closely to measure their healing. CVT research consistently report significant decreases in mental health symptoms such as anxiety and depression, as well as decreases in somatic (physical) symptoms. Survivors also express more hope for the future and better relationships after receiving help from CVT. Training Peer Counselors In addition to providing direct mental health services, CVT trains members of the community and the refugee population to be skilled group counselors, advocates, educators and trainers. The goal is to develop mental health resources where none existed before. These paraprofessional mental health counselors undergo an intensive orientation and basic training period. Then they participate in small group counseling sessions with a professional psychotherapist experienced in torture and trauma recovery. Throughout their work with CVT, they receive ongoing professional training and daily mentoring with a professional psychotherapist modeling, observing and giving feedback after every counseling session and activity. Former counselors trained by CVT have been hired by the International Criminal Court, the Special Court for Sierra Leone and other organizations where extensive mental health expertise is required. Community Awareness CVT conducts training and awareness-raising activities in the local communities, including teachers, religious and local leaders to help them understand the effects of torture on individuals and communities. CVT initiates non-counseling activities such as sports, games, drama, art and play therapy to engage the whole community in the healing process and reach out to survivors who could benefit from CVT services. Every year, thousands of community members learn of CVT through these activities. Culturally Sensitive Care A hallmark of CVT's international healing services is the combination of contemporary Western psychotherapy approaches with culturally appropriate methods of healing. This approach was adopted in its first international healing initiative in Guinea, where CVT psychotherapists and the peer counselors included ritual, storytelling and song in the healing process. That practice continues by adapting counseling to incorporate culturally appropriate traditions, concepts and customs into the healing process. The psychotherapists are highly skilled trauma therapists who have worked in culturally diverse environments. CVT international healing projects are funded by the State Department Bureau of Population, Refugees and Migration, the European Union, the United Nations Voluntary Fund for Victims of Torture, and USAID and the American people. Minnesota Healing Services In Minnesota all healing services are provided on an outpatient basis at CVT's St. Paul Healing Center. The Center is located in a renovated Victorian home to create a comfortable and welcoming environment. Each survivor works with a team of specialists who provide: Medical treatment, including psychiatric services and referrals to specialists as needed Nursing care to help monitor physical conditions and facilitate referrals to specialists Psychotherapy with a psychologist, marriage and family therapist or clinical social worker Social services to connect survivors with other organizations and basic needs, and to provide case management to reduce the need for more intensive interventions such as hospitalization Massage, occupational and physical therapies to increase mobility and relieve physical pain For survivors who don't speak English, interpreters play an integral role in the healing process. Stages of healing Torture is an attack on all aspects of a person's life. Its effects reach beyond the individual to the family and the community. As part of the holistic healing approach, survivors in Minnesota receive individual and group counseling. The counseling addresses individual situations while helping survivors learn how to trust and rebuild relationships for a more fulfilling life. CVT's healing teams guide survivors through three stages of healing: Safety and Stabilization: re-establishing health and trust; discussing legal resources and processes; ensuring clients have housing, clothing, food and medical care. Grief and Mourning: working through what happened. Reconnection: getting back to community and life purpose and developing and repairing relationships with friends and family. Support Services When a survivor is ready to reconnect with the community, volunteers provide important support services, such as teaching survivors how to read a bus schedule and navigate public transportation, tutoring survivors in English, accompanying survivors on visits to a museum, library, concert, coffee shop or grocery store. Training National Capacity Building Project The National Capacity Building Project (NCB) focuses on building networks of rehabilitation centers and service providers, fostering knowledge-sharing and relationship-building among colleagues in the field, and providing expert professional training and technical assistance. Training for torture treatment professionals focuses on: Clinical skills and best practices Organizational development and fundraising Program management Data collection and program evaluation HealTorture.org HealTorture.org serves as a rich repository of information related to torture survivors and their treatment and healing. Through webinar trainings, professional journal articles and publications, bibliographies, treatment manuals, and other online resources, the site hosts a wealth of valuable information intended for psychologists and various therapists, social workers, physicians and nurses, lawyers, and administrators. The website also serves as a portal to other centers and organizations that work with and support survivors of torture. New Tactics in Human Rights New Tactics in Human Rights Project is an education program providing resources relating strategies and tactics that can be used by people who seek to advance human rights. These resources have been used by activists in panel discussions, by over 60 local groups for both technical and financial help and for training programs. New Tactics is a project of the Center for Victims of Torture started in 1999. New Tactics identifies its efforts as focused on three areas: "creating and sharing information and materials", "training and mentoring" and "building an online community". Resources are organized around analysis of potential solutions rather than that of specific issues, geographic regions or target groups that allow activists to clearly recognize the unique elements of their situation, and to seek approaches that have worked elsewhere and apply them to new regions or issues. This technique may also improve activists’ ability to combine diverse tactics into complex strategies. Methods In person training such as regional workshops in which activists train each other in tactics they have used and develop "tactical portfolios" of practical tools for applying new tactics. Seven workshops have been held, the most recent in Liberia in February 2007, focusing on post-conflict tactics for rebuilding civil society. Publications including the book New Tactics in Human Rights: A Resource for Practitioners, which offers a conceptual framework for thinking strategically and tactically to promote human rights, and gives dozens of examples of innovative tactics, categorized by the strategic situation in which they were used. Other publications include the Tactical Notebook Series (Liam Mahoney, series editor) created by participants from the regional cross-training workshops, that provide first-person, detailed information on the use of a tactic and how it may be adapted to other situations. New Tactics developed "Tactical Mapping" a methodology to help identify the relationships surrounding a human rights abuse, and the points in which the system can be interrupted or transformed, ranging from highly local, personal relationships (e.g., the perpetrator's professional associations) to international institutions (e.g., the United Nations). It allows a coalition of advocates to see where each is working on the system, and where there are gaps that need to be addressed, either by creating new tactics or finding new allies. Online presence, the New Tactics website has been recognized as a resource for human rights activists. The website provides access to a searchable database with 49 "Tactic Case Studies" and "over 190 specific and successfully implemented human rights tactics and peer-to-peer dialogs with human rights practitioners in more than 130 countries." The project's website also includes online discussion courses, tools for sharing and networking and a monthly discussion, named "Tactical Dialog", of a featured tactic (examples include: unarmed accompaniment; engaging the media; or using historical sites to spark discussion of current issues). New Tactics also publishes an e-newsletter highlighting specific tactics and information for inspiring innovation and the blog InterTactica by Philippe Duhamel. PATH Project Partners in Trauma Healing (PATH) creates a network of rehabilitation professionals who provide intellectual and emotional support for the difficult work of providing healing services to torture survivors. PATH works with ten centers focusing on three areas: mental health treatment and healing, monitoring and evaluation, and organizational development. References External links New Tactics in Human Rights HealTorture.Org Category:International medical and health organizations Category:Charities based in Minnesota Category:Organizations established in 1985 Category:Torture victim support organizations Category:Human rights organizations based in the United States

Hylton Colliery Hylton Colliery, also known as Castletown Colliery, was a coal mine situated in Castletown, Sunderland. It was opened in 1900 and owned by Wearmouth Coal Company until 1947, after which it was taken over by the National Coal Board. It closed on 13 July 1979. The miners at the colliery ran a cricket club, now known as Hylton Cricket Club. Its football club, Hylton Colliery Welfare, played in the Wearside League, and included players such as Augie Scott and Ernie Taylor. Its junior team featured future Sunderland and West Ham United players Harry Hooper and Bill Robinson. See also :Category:Hylton Colliery Welfare F.C. players References Category:Energy infrastructure completed in 1900 Category:1900 establishments in England Category:1979 disestablishments in England Category:Power stations in North East England Category:Buildings and structures in County Durham Category:Demolished power stations in the United Kingdom Category:Coal mines in County Durham

Balmoral Hall School Balmoral Hall School is a private school for girls in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. History Balmoral Hall was founded in 1901 as Havergal College, located at 122 Carlton Street. The name was changed in 1917 to Rupert's Land College. Sir James Aikins gave his home, known as Aikins House, to the United Church of Canada upon his death in 1929. In his will, he requested it be used as a girls' school and bestowed further funding to be used to that end. The school was named Riverbend School and opened in September 1929 at Balmoral Hall's present site. In 1950, due to declining enrollment at both schools, Rupert's Land College amalgamated with the Riverbend School at its site on Westminster Avenue. The school was christened Balmoral Hall School, after Balmoral Castle, and classes began in September 1950. The two schools' mottos, Ad Meliora, or "To Better Things," and Alta Petens, "Seeking New Heights," were combined to form the school's new motto, Meliora Petens, which meant "Seeking Better Things." In 1955, the Senior School Wing was opened, and in 1967 the school expanded to include the Richardson Building, which housed a new gymnasium as well as new science labs and facilities. Since then, there have been several other expansions which brought new computer and science laboratories and classrooms, as well as athletic facilities, a theatre and a communications technology centre. Curriculum Balmoral Hall School adheres to the educational guidelines set out by the Province of Manitoba. Additionally, the school is accredited by the (CAIS). From Kindergarten through Grade 5, the school follows the International Baccalaureate Primary Years Programme (PYP). Beginning in Grade 6, the school teaches to its proprietary Capstone curriculum. CAPSTONE is a student-centred curriculum, with a strong focus on STEAM subjects (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Math). The CAPSTONE education model is designed to dovetail seamlessly with Advanced Placement courses offered in Grade 11 and Grade 12, which in turn may assist students in their post-secondary education by providing course credits as well as marks of academic distinction on their transcripts. Boarding Balmoral Hall School offers a live-in residence for students from around the world. Up to 90 students at a time may live and study at Balmoral Hall. The boarding program offers an additional component to the schools' curriculum for international students, in that residents have the opportunity to immerse and take part in many Canadian cultural activities. Students also take part in athletic activities both at school and at the Winnipeg Winter Club. Students have come to BH from: · Canada · USA · Mexico · Japan · Russia · The Philippines · New Zealand · Sweden · Nigeria · Hong Kong · Taiwan · China Athletics Balmoral Hall's school team is called the Blazers. BH Blazers Hockey Balmoral Hall School has a varsity prep hockey team that plays in the Junior Women's Hockey League (JWHL) 18 Balmoral Hall hockey players have been named to the Canada Women's National Ice Hockey Team (U22 and U18) rosters since the Blazer Hockey program's inception in 2006. Over 63 Senior players have been drafted to teams in the NCAA and CIS university leagues, often on scholarship. Other sports offered at Balmoral Hall include: Soccer Volleyball Basketball Badminton Ultimate Frisbee Curling Track and field Notable alumnae Carla Lehmann - actress Ashleigh Banfield - journalist, currently an anchor for CNN Chantal Kreviazuk - singer Loreena McKennitt - singer Sarah Carter - actress Bailey Bram - hockey player on Canada's National Team Patricia Bovey - Canadian Senator Colleen Furlan - actress References External links Category:Girls' schools in Canada Category:Private schools in Manitoba Category:High schools in Winnipeg Category:Elementary schools in Winnipeg Category:International Baccalaureate schools in Manitoba Category:Educational institutions established in 1901 Category:1901 establishments in Manitoba Category:Boarding schools in Manitoba

Natalia Zamora Natalia Zamora Lara (born July 10, 1987, in Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas) is a Mexican sport shooter. Zamora represented Mexico at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where she competed in the women's 50 m rifle 3 positions. She was able to shoot 193 targets in a prone position, 190 in standing, and 186 in kneeling, for a total score of 569 points, finishing only in thirty-sixth place. References External links NBC Olympics Profile Category:Mexican female sport shooters Category:Living people Category:Olympic shooters of Mexico Category:Shooters at the 2008 Summer Olympics Category:People from Ciudad Victoria Category:1987 births

Eunidia subtesselata Eunidia subtesselata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Charles Joseph Gahan in 1909. It is known from Kenya, Ethiopia, and Somalia. Subspecies Eunidia subtessellata fulgurata Aurivillius, 1911 Eunidia subtessellata subtessellata Gahan, 1909 References Category:Eunidiini Category:Beetles described in 1909 Category:Taxa named by Charles Joseph Gahan

Harold E. Hanson Harold E. Hanson was Mayor of Madison, Wisconsin in 1961. He died on November 29, 1978. References Category:Mayors of Madison, Wisconsin Category:1978 deaths Category:Year of birth missing

Craigie Craigie may refer to: Places Australia Craigie, Victoria Craigie, Western Australia, a suburb of Perth Scotland, United Kingdom Craigie Village and Parish, a small village in South Ayrshire Craigie Castle, Ayrshire Craigie, Perth and Kinross Craigie, Perth, an area directly south of Perth Scottish feudal Barony of Craigie, a feudal barony in Dundee People Craigie, a surname common in Scotland, especially Orkney Claude Craigie, Scottish footballer Jill Craigie, a British writer, filmmaker and actress Patrick Craigie (1843–1930), a British agricultural statistician Pearl Mary Teresa Craigie (1867–1909), Anglo-American writer under pen-name John Oliver Hobbes Robert Craigie, Lord Glendoick (1688–1760), Scottish politicians and judge, Member of Parliament for Tain Burghs 1742–1747 Admiral Robert William Craigie (1849–1911), Royal Navy admiral Sir Robert Leslie Craigie, GCMG, CB, PC (1883–1959), British ambassador to Japan 1937–1941

The Adventures of Sir Lancelot The Adventures of Sir Lancelot is a British television series first broadcast in 1956, produced by Sapphire Films for ITC Entertainment and screened on the ITV network. The series starred William Russell as the eponymous Sir Lancelot, a Knight of the Round Table in the time of King Arthur at Camelot. It is one of the very few British television series ever to have been screened on one of the major broadcast networks in the US (as opposed to on PBS or cable television stations). Its success on NBC led to it becoming the first British television series to have entire episodes filmed in colour, with the last fourteen of the thirty half-hour episodes being shot on colour stock, although they were seen in colour only in the US. (Although the BBC's 1954 TV series Zoo Quest pre-dated The Adventures of Sir Lancelot'''s use of colour film stock by two years, this was only for the location work whilst the studio links were captured by monochrome video cameras). As was common with other British television series of the time, the programme employed several American screenwriters who had moved to Britain after being placed on the Hollywood blacklist, often under pseudonyms. These included Ian McLellan Hunter, Hy Kraft and Ring Lardner Jr. The series was made at Nettlefold Studios in Walton-on-Thames. Cast and characters William Russell as Sir Lancelot Ronald Leigh-Hunt as King Arthur Bruce Seton as King Arthur (first two episodes only) Jane Hylton as Guinevere Cyril Smith as Merlin Robert Scroggins as Brian, Lancelot's squire David Morrell as Sir Kay Broadcast history The series debuted in the UK on Saturday 15 September 1956, on London weekend ITV franchise holder ATV, and on the NBC network in the United States nine days later. The last episode was shown on 20 April 1957 in the UK and 16 September 1957 on NBC. It later transferred networks in the US to ABC, who repeated the episodes from October 1957 to September 1958. Episode list Airdate is for ATV London ITV regions varied date and order. DVD The complete series of 30 episodes was released as a DVD boxed set in the UK by Network DVD in 2004. Of the 14 episodes made in colour, only 12 are presented in colour due to financial reasons. The other two colour episodes ('The Ugly Duckling' and 'The Missing Princess') are taken from black and white prints. In the US, the series was released as a DVD boxed set on 19 August 2008 by The Timeless Media Group with 14 episodes presented in colour, taken from US public domain prints. References Thompson, Raymond H. (1991) "Television Series". In Lacy, Norris J. (Ed.), The New Arthurian Encyclopedia, pp. 445–446. New York: Garland. . Vahimagi, Tise (1994). British Television: An Illustrated Guide''. Oxford. Oxford University Press / British Film Institute. . External links Episode guide at The Historical Adventure Series Guide website. Category:1950s British drama television series Category:1956 British television series debuts Category:Television series based on Arthurian legend Category:Television series by ITC Entertainment Category:ITV television dramas Category:NBC original programming Category:1957 British television series endings Category:British adventure television series Category:Black-and-white British television programmes Category:English-language television programs

Die Premiere fällt aus Die Premiere fällt aus is an East German film. It was released in 1959. External links Category:1959 films Category:East German films Category:German-language films

Space Shuttle orbiter The Space Shuttle orbiter is the spaceplane component of the Space Shuttle, a partially reusable orbital spacecraft system that was part of the Space Shuttle program. Operated by NASA, the U.S. space agency, this vehicle could carry astronauts and payloads into low Earth orbit, perform in-space operations, then re-enter the atmosphere and land as a glider, returning its crew and any on-board payload to the Earth. Six orbiters were built for flight: Enterprise, Columbia, Challenger, Discovery, Atlantis, and Endeavour. All were built in Palmdale, California, by the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania-based Rockwell International company. The first orbiter, Enterprise, made its maiden flight in 1977. An unpowered glider, it was carried by a modified Boeing 747 airliner called the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft and released for a series of atmospheric test flights and landings. Enterprise was partially disassembled and retired after completion of critical testing. The remaining orbiters were fully operational spacecraft, and were launched vertically as part of the Space Shuttle stack. Columbia was the first space-worthy orbiter, and made its inaugural flight in 1981. Challenger, Discovery, and Atlantis followed in 1983, 1984 and 1985 respectively. In 1986, Challenger was destroyed in an accident shortly after launch. Endeavour was built as Challengers replacement, and was first launched in 1992. In 2003, Columbia was destroyed during re-entry, leaving just three remaining orbiters. Discovery completed its final flight on March 9, 2011, and Endeavour completed its final flight on June 1, 2011. Atlantis completed the last ever Shuttle flight, STS-135, on July 21, 2011. In addition to their crews and payloads, the reusable orbiter carried most of the Space Shuttle System's liquid-fueled rocket propulsion system, but both the liquid hydrogen fuel and the liquid oxygen oxidizer for its three main rocket engines were fed from an external cryogenic propellant tank. Additionally, two reusable solid rocket boosters provided additional thrust for approximately the first two minutes of launch. The orbiters themselves did carry hypergolic propellants for their RCS thrusters and Orbital Maneuvering System engines. Description The Space Shuttle orbiter resembled an airplane in its design, with a standard-looking fuselage and two double delta wings, both swept wings at an angle of 81 degrees at their inner leading edges and 45 degrees at their outer leading edges. The vertical stabilizer of the orbiter had a leading edge that was swept back at a 45-degree angle. There were four elevons mounted at the trailing edges of the delta wings, and the combination rudder and speed brake was attached at the trailing edge of the vertical stabilizer. These, along with a movable body flap located underneath the main engines, controlled the orbiter during later stages of descent through the atmosphere and landing. Overall, the Space Shuttle orbiter was roughly the same size as a McDonnell Douglas DC-9 airliner. Attitude control system The Reaction Control System (RCS) was composed of 44 small liquid-fueled rocket thrusters and their very sophisticated fly-by-wire flight control system, which utilized computationally intensive digital Kalman filtering. This control system carried out the usual attitude control along the pitch, roll, and yaw axes during all of the flight phases of launching, orbiting, and re-entry. This system also executed any needed orbital maneuvers, including all changes in the orbit's altitude, orbital plane, and eccentricity. These were all operations that required more thrust and impulse than mere attitude control. The forward rockets of the Reaction Control System, located near the nose of the Space Shuttle orbiter, included 14 primary and two vernier RCS rockets. The aft RCS engines were located in the two Orbital Maneuvering System (OMS) pods at the rear of the orbiter, and these included 12 primary (PRCS) and two vernier (VRCS) engines in each pod. The PRCS system provided the pointing control of the Orbiter, and the VRCS was used for fine maneuvering during the rendezvous, docking, and undocking maneuvers with the International Space Station, or formerly with the Russian Mir space station. The RCS also controlled the attitude of the orbiter during most of its re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere – until the air became dense enough that the rudder, elevons and body flap became effective. During the early design process of the orbiter, the forward RCS thrusters were to be hidden underneath retractable doors, which would open once the orbiter reached space. These were omitted in favor of flush-mounted thrusters for fear that the RCS doors would remain stuck open and endanger the crew and orbiter during re-entry. Pressurized cabin The orbiter crew cabin consisted of three levels: the flight deck, the mid-deck, and the utility area. The uppermost of these was the flight deck, in which sat the Space Shuttle's commander and pilot, with up to two mission specialists seated behind them. The mid-deck, which was below the flight deck, had three more seats for the rest of the crew members. The galley, toilet, sleep locations, storage lockers, and the side hatch for entering and exiting the orbiter were also located on the mid-deck, as well as the airlock. The airlock had an additional hatch into the payload bay. This airlock allowed two or three astronauts, wearing their Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) space suits, to depressurize before a walk in space (EVA), and also to repressurize and re-enter the orbiter at the conclusion of the EVA. The utility area was located under the floor of the mid-deck and contained air and water tanks in addition to the carbon dioxide scrubbing system. Propulsion Three Space Shuttle Main Engines (SSMEs) were mounted on the orbiter's aft fuselage in the pattern of an equilateral triangle. These three liquid-fueled engines could be swiveled 10.5 degrees vertically and 8.5 degrees horizontally during the rocket-powered ascent of the orbiter in order to change the direction of their thrust. Hence, they steered the entire Space Shuttle, as well as providing rocket thrust towards orbit. The aft fuselage also housed three auxiliary power units (APU). The APUs chemically converted hydrazine fuel from a liquid state to a gas state, powering a hydraulic pump which supplied pressure for all of the hydraulic system, including the hydraulic sub-system that pointed the three main liquid-fueled rocket engines, under computerized flight control. The hydraulic pressure generated was also used to control all of the orbiter's "flight control surfaces" (the elevons, rudder, speed brake, etc.), to deploy the landing gear of the orbiter, and to retract the umbilical hose connection doors located near the rear landing gear, which supplied the orbiter's SSMEs with liquid hydrogen and oxygen from the external tank. Two Orbital Maneuvering System (OMS) thrusters were mounted in two separate removable pods on the orbiter's aft fuselage, located between the SSMEs and the vertical stabilizer. The OMS engines provided significant thrust for course orbital maneuvers, including insertion, circularization, transfer, rendezvous, deorbit, abort to orbit, and to abort once around. At lift-off, two solid rocket boosters (SRBs) were used to take the vehicle to an altitude of roughly 140,000 feet. Electrical power Electric power for the orbiter's subsystems was provided by a set of three hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells which produced 28 volt DC power and was also converted into 115 volt 400 Hz AC three-phase electric power (for systems that used AC power). These provided power to the entire Shuttle stack (including the SRBs and ET) from T-minus 3m30s up through the end of the mission. The hydrogen and oxygen for the fuel cells was kept in pairs of cryogenic storage tanks in the mid-fuselage underneath the payload bay liner, and a variable number of such tanks could be installed (up to five) depending on the requirements of the mission. The three fuel cells were capable of generating 21 kilowatts of power continuously (or a 15-minute peak of 36 kilowatts) with the orbiter consuming an average of about 14 kilowatts of that power (leaving 7 kilowatts for the payload). Additionally, the fuel cells provided potable water for the crew during the mission. Computer systems The orbiter's computer system consisted of five identical IBM AP-101 avionics computers, which redundantly controlled the vehicle's on-board systems. The specialized HAL/S programming language was used for orbiter systems. Thermal protection The orbiters were protected by Thermal Protection System (TPS) materials (developed by Rockwell Space Systems) inside and out, from the orbiter's outer surface to the payload bay. The TPS protected it from the cold soak of in space to the heat of re-entry. Structure The orbiter's structure was made primarily from aluminium alloy, although the engine thrust structure was made from titanium alloy. The later orbiters (Discovery, Atlantis and Endeavour) substituted graphite epoxy for aluminum in some structural elements in order to reduce weight. The windows were made of aluminum silicate glass and fused silica glass, and comprised an internal pressure pane, a optical pane, and an external thermal pane. The windows were tinted with the same ink used to make American banknotes. Landing gear The Space Shuttle orbiter had three sets of landing gear which emerged downwards through doors in the heat shield. As a weight-saving measure, the gear could not be retracted once deployed. Since any premature extension of the landing gear would very likely have been catastrophic (because it opened through the heat shield layers), the landing gear could only be lowered by manual controls, and not by any automatic system. Similarly, since the Shuttle landed at high speed and could not abort its landing attempt, the gear had to deploy reliably on the first try every time. The gear were unlocked and deployed by triple redundant hydraulics, with the gear doors actuated by mechanical linkages to the gear strut. If all three hydraulic systems failed to release the landing gear uplocks within one second of the release command, pyrotechnic charges automatically cut the lock hooks and a set of springs deployed the gear. During landing, the Shuttle nose wheel could be steered with the rudder pedals in the cockpit. During the construction of , an improved nose wheel steering system was developed which allowed easier and better nose wheel steering. After Endeavour roll-out, the system was installed on the other shuttles except Challenger, during their overhauls in the early 1990s. Lack of navigational lights The Space Shuttle orbiter did not carry anti-collision lights, navigational lights, or landing lights, because the orbiter always landed in areas that had been specially cleared by both the Federal Aviation Administration and the Air Force. The Orbiter nearly always landed at either Edwards Air Force Base (California) or at the Kennedy Space Center Shuttle Landing Facility (Florida), although one mission – STS-3 – landed at the White Sands Space Harbor in New Mexico. Similar special clearances (no-fly zones) were also in effect at potential emergency landing sites, such as in Spain and in West Africa during all launches. When an orbiter landing was carried out at night, the runway was always strongly illuminated with light from floodlights and spotlights on the ground, making landing lights on the orbiter unnecessary and also an unneeded spaceflight weight load. A total of 26 landings took place at night, the first being STS-8 in September 1983. Markings and insignia The typeface used on the Space Shuttle Orbiter was Helvetica. The prototype orbiter Enterprise originally had a flag of the United States on the upper surface of the left wing and the letters "USA" in black on the right wing. The name "Enterprise" in black was painted on the payload bay doors just above the forwardmost hinge and behind the crew module; on the aft end of the payload bay doors was the NASA "worm" logotype in gray. Underneath the rear of the payload bay doors on the side of the fuselage just above the wing was the text "United States" in black with a flag of the United States ahead of it. The first operational orbiter, Columbia, originally had the same markings as Enterprise, although the letters "USA" on the right wing were slightly larger and spaced farther apart. Columbia also had black tiles which Enterprise lacked on its forward RCS module, around the cockpit windows, and on its vertical stabilizer. Columbia also had distinctive black chines on the forward part of its upper wing surfaces, which none of the other orbiters had. Challenger established a modified marking scheme for the shuttle fleet that would be matched by Discovery, Atlantis and Endeavour. The letters "USA" in black above an American flag were displayed on the left wing, with the NASA "worm" logotype in gray centered above the name of the orbiter in black on the right wing. Also, the name of the orbiter was inscribed not on the payload bay doors, but on the forward fuselage just below and behind the cockpit windows. This would make the name visible when the orbiter was photographed in orbit with the doors open. Challenger also had black tiles on the tip of its vertical stabilizer much like Columbia, which the other orbiters lacked. In 1983, Enterprise had its wing markings changed to match Challenger, and the NASA "worm" logotype on the aft end of the payload bay doors was changed from gray to black. Some black markings were added to the nose, cockpit windows and vertical tail to more closely resemble the flight vehicles, but the name "Enterprise" remained on the payload bay doors as there was never any need to open them. Columbia had its name moved to the forward fuselage to match the other flight vehicles after STS-61-C, during the 1986–88 hiatus when the shuttle fleet was grounded following the loss of Challenger, but retained its original wing markings until its last overhaul (after STS-93), and its unique black chines for the remainder of its operational life. Beginning in 1998, the flight vehicles' markings were modified to incorporate the NASA "meatball" insignia. The "worm" logotype, which the agency had phased out, was removed from the payload bay doors and the "meatball" insignia was added aft of the "United States" text on the lower aft fuselage. The "meatball" insignia was also displayed on the left wing, with the American flag above the orbiter's name, left-justified rather than centered, on the right wing. The three surviving flight vehicles, Discovery, Atlantis and Endeavour, still bear these markings as museum displays. Enterprise became the property of the Smithsonian Institution in 1985 and was no longer under NASA's control when these changes were made, hence the prototype orbiter still has its 1983 markings and still has its name on the payload bay doors. Retirement With the end of the Shuttle program, plans were made to place the three remaining Space Shuttle orbiters on permanent display. NASA Administrator Charles Bolden announced the disposition location of the orbiters on April 12, 2011, the 50th anniversary of the first human space flight and the 30th anniversary of the first flight of Columbia. Discovery went to the Smithsonian's Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center, replacing Enterprise which was moved to the Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum in New York City. Endeavour went to the California Science Center in Los Angeles arriving on October 14, 2012. Atlantis went to the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex on November 2, 2012. Hundreds of other shuttle artifacts will be put on display at various other museums and educational institutions around the US. Shuttle Orbiter Specifications (OV-105) The cargo bay is by , and could transport to , or to the ISS at . The most massive payload launched by the Space Shuttle was the Chandra X-ray Observatory in 1999 at , including its Inertial Upper Stage and support equipment. The Shuttle was capable of returning approximately of cargo to Earth. The orbiter's maximum glide ratio/lift-to-drag ratio varied considerably with speed, ranging from 1:1 at hypersonic speeds, 2:1 at supersonic speeds, and reaching 4.5:1 at subsonic speeds during approach and landing. Fleet Individual Space Shuttle orbiters were named in honor of antique sailing ships of the navies of the world (though the test orbiter Enterprise, originally to be named "Constitution", had its name changed after the Star Trek starship, itself named after a series of US Navy ships), and they were also numbered using the NASA Orbiter Vehicle designation system. Three of the names had also been given to Apollo spacecraft between 1969 and 1972: Apollo 11 Command Module Columbia, Apollo 15 Command Module Endeavour, and Apollo 17 Lunar Module Challenger. While all of the orbiters were externally practically identical, they had minor differences in their interiors. New equipment for the Orbiters was installed in the same order that they underwent maintenance work, and the newer orbiters were constructed by Rockwell International, under NASA supervision, with some more advanced, lighter in weight, structural elements. Thus, the newer orbiters (Discovery, Atlantis and Endeavour) had slightly more cargo capacity than Columbia or Challenger. The Space Shuttle orbiters were assembled at Rockwell's assembly facility in Palmdale, California, at the federally owned Plant 42 complex. Inspiration was an actual full-scale mock-up originally built and used to test clearance and various ground operations; formerly displayed at Columbia Memorial Space Science Learning Center in Downey, California. Pathfinder was an actual full-scale mock-up originally built and used to test clearance and various ground operations; currently displayed at Space Camp in Huntsville, Alabama. Enterprise was a prototype designed to test Space Shuttle behavior in atmospheric flight. Formerly located at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center, the orbiter is currently located on the flight deck of the USS Intrepid (CV-11) at the Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum in New York City, New York. Columbia was first launched on April 12, 1981. On February 1, 2003, Columbia disintegrated during re-entry on its 28th spaceflight. Challenger was first launched on April 4, 1983. On January 28, 1986 it disintegrated 73 seconds after launch on its 10th mission. Discovery was first launched on August 30, 1984. It flew 39 missions, and was NASA's "Return to Flight" vehicle, following the accidental destructions of Challenger and Columbia. Discovery completed its last mission, STS-133, in March 2011. It is currently on display at the Smithsonian's National Air and Space Museum Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center near Dulles International Airport. Atlantis was first launched on October 3, 1985. It flew 33 spaceflights including the final Space Shuttle mission, STS-135, in July 2011. Endeavour was first launched on May 7, 1992. It flew 25 spaceflights, the final being STS-134, launched May 16, 2011. In addition to the test articles and orbiters produced for use in the Shuttle program, there are also various mock-up replicas on display throughout the United States: Independence, formerly Explorer, a full-scale replica of the entire orbiter at the Johnson Space Center's visitor facility, Space Center Houston, in Houston, Texas atop a Shuttle Carrying Aircraft, NASA 905. Adventure, a full-scale replica of an orbiter mid-deck and flight deck, also at Space Center Houston. America, a full-scale replica of an orbiter for an attraction of the same name at Six Flags Great America in Gurnee, Illinois and had authentic thermal tiles used in the shuttle missions. It was disassembled and removed in 2009. Resolution, a full-scale replica of an orbiter crew-compartment, originally built to house a flight simulator but later used by Kennedy Space Center firefighters to practice rescue techniques. Inspiration, bearing the same name as the test mock-up, is a full-scale replica of an orbiter formerly outside the United States Astronaut Hall of Fame. It was subsequently sold by NASA to LVX and transported to the Shuttle Landing Facility for refurbishment and modifications in 2016. Flight statistics Flight Timeline See also Buran spacecraft Super heavy-lift launch vehicle References External links Orbiter Vehicles Category:Tailless delta-wing aircraft Category:Glider aircraft Category:NASA spacecraft Orbiter Category:Crewed spacecraft Category:Spaceplanes

N00 N00 may refer to: Nephritic syndrome (ICD-10 code), a medical condition with the kidneys Maben Airport (FAA code), an airport in Prattsville, New York

Amjaz Rural District Amjaz Rural District () is a rural district (dehestan) in the Central District of Anbarabad County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 3,970, in 876 families. The rural district has 57 villages. References Category:Rural Districts of Kerman Province Category:Anbarabad County

Pierce Mason Butler Pierce Mason Butler (April 11, 1798August 20, 1847) was an American soldier and statesman who served as the 56th Governor of South Carolina from 1836 to 1838. He was killed while serving as colonel of the Palmetto Regiment at the Battle of Churubusco, during the Mexican–American War. Born in Edgefield County, South Carolina, Butler was a son of William Butler (1759–1821) and a brother of Andrew Pickens Butler and William Butler, Jr., all of whom served in the United States Congress. He was educated by Moses Waddel at the Willington Academy in Willington, South Carolina. Butler was appointed a second lieutenant in the United States Army in 1818 and rose to the rank of captain before resigning his commission in 1829. Following his term as Governor of South Carolina, he became agent to the Cherokee at Fort Gibson (present day Muskogee County, Oklahoma), a post he held until 1846. Following his death in Mexico, Butler's body was returned to South Carolina for burial. He was first entombed at Trinity Episcopal Church, just across from the State House. In December 1853 he was reburied in the Butler Family Cemetery, in the graveyard of what is now Butler Methodist Church in Saluda County. Others buried in the plot are his father, Major General William Butler, his mother, Behethland Foote Moore Butler, a sister, five of his six brothers, Colonel Zachariah Smith Brooks, grandfather of Preston Brooks, and two children of his brother William, the only sibling not buried there. He is buried at Christ Episcopal Church in Greenville. Collectively they were four Colonels, one General, one Lt. Colonel, three Majors, and one Judge and US Senator. The General was a member of Congress, too. James C. Gardner, who served from 1954 to 1958 as the mayor of Shreveport, Louisiana, is a descendant of Pierce Mason Butler. See also Christopher Werner, maker of the "Iron Palmetto" commemorating the loss of South Carolinians in the War References External links SCIway Biography of Pierce Mason Butler NGA Biography of Pierce Mason Butler Category:1798 births Category:1847 deaths Category:United States Army colonels Category:Governors of South Carolina Category:University of South Carolina trustees Category:American military personnel killed in the Mexican–American War Category:United States Indian agents Category:Butler family Category:South Carolina Democrats Category:Democratic Party state governors of the United States Category:People from Edgefield County, South Carolina Category:19th-century American politicians

The Eighth House The Eighth House also known as Horror Floor () is a 2014 Chinese romantic thriller film directed by Zhang Li. It was released on September 19, 2014. Cast Tino Bao Ni Jingyang Chang Le Da Qing Lin Peng Reception By September 28, it had earned ¥6.41 million at the Chinese box office. References Category:2014 films Category:Chinese films Category:Chinese thriller films Category:2010s romantic thriller films

1637 in France Events from the year 1637 in France Incumbents Monarch – Louis XIII Events Births Full date missing Nicolas Catinat, Marshal of France (died 1712). Jacques Marquette, Jesuit missionary (died 1675) Deaths Full date missing Philippe Habert, poet (born 1604) Augustin de Beaulieu, general (born 1589) Guillaume Courtet, Dominican priest, martyr (born 1589) Charles d'Ambleville, composer Henri de Bailly, composer New Books Published René Descartes (1596-1650), ''Discourse on the Method''. See also References Category:1637 in France Category:Years of the 17th century in France France

St.James Church Puthenkadai St. James Church Puthenkadai is Head Church for Keshavapuram and Thetticode. Puthenkadai location: District: Kanyakumari and Taluk : kalkulam Way to Reach It is located in the state Highway between Marthantam & Pechipparai Road. And located at Puthenkatai village near to Aruvikkarai village About The Village This village contains red, black soil and clay-rich area of plants and trees naturally increases the beauty of the straight upright stand, The prosperity which is rich in this wetland, dry prevailing in the region, and In this village Paralaiyarru water through the prosperity of the limited pearl green Appearance here. Nearest Tourism 3 km from Mathoor THOTTIPPALAM 16 km from Tirparappu Falls, Around 30 km from PECHIPPARAI DAM 1 km FROM Thiruvattar AdiKesava Perumal Kovil 5 km from Chitharal Malai kovil 1 km FROM Aruvikkarai History AD 16th century in the initial period of Christian regional work for the disciples in coastal areas and work bulk of the Christian religion, By the embracing of the Name "'Protector Of Fisher Men''', They considered the St. James as a Main god to worship. The people Called "CHAVAKIZHAR" On set of terminating the daily works Build up The Small church which is made up of sand. As the days pass over the number of Christians increasing in the area a big society of Christianity made over in this society of groupism Village. As By the info of this village initially after the standardity it has separated from the head Church of "Muzhagumoodu". References Sources St.James official site Category:Churches in Tamil Nadu

Mildred Anderson Mildred Anderson was an American jazz, blues and R&B singer. In the early years of her career, Anderson worked with Albert Ammons and His Rhythm Kings, recording with them the song "Doin' the Boogie Woogie" on April 8, 1946. Later, she worked and recorded with Hot Lips Page and Bill Doggett in the early 1950s. In 1960, Anderson released two albums for Bluesville Records, a subsidiary of the Prestige label, that are ranked among the best work of her career. The first, Person to Person, featured Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis' group with organist Shirley Scott. The second, No More in Life featured Al Sears on tenor. Commenting on No More in Life, Scott Yanow wrote "considering how well she sings on this set, it is strange that Mildred Anderson would have no further opportunities to lead her own albums." References Category:African-American female singers Category:American female jazz singers Category:American jazz singers Category:Year of birth missing Category:Place of birth missing Category:Year of death missing Category:Place of death missing

William James Morgan William James Morgan (PC(NI)) (17 July 1914 – 12 May 1999) was a Unionist politician in Northern Ireland. A businessman by profession, he owned James Morgan & Sons, a transport contractors' business. He was president of the Irish Temperance Alliance and chairman of Oldpark YMCA. He was elected to the House of Commons of Northern Ireland from the Belfast Oldpark seat in 1949, and represented the constituency until his defeat by Labour in 1958. He was then elected for Belfast Clifton in a 1959 by-election, and served that constituency until being defeated in 1969. He served as Assistant Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Finance and Assistant Whip from 1958 to 1961. This included five months while not holding a seat in Parliament, something which was permitted for a maximum of six months under the Government of Ireland Act 1920. He entered the Cabinet and Privy Council of Northern Ireland in 1961 as Minister of Health and Local Government and was appointed as Minister of Labour and National Insurance in 1964, and then Minister of Health and Social Services from 1965 to 1969, when he resigned. He was prevented by court order from referring to himself as the official Unionist candidate at the 1969 general election because of a violation of the rules at his selection meeting. He lost that election to the pro-O'Neill and "unofficial" Unionist candidate, Lloyd Hall-Thompson. He served as a member of the Senate from 1969 until he resigned in 1970. He contested South Antrim in the by-election of 1970, and was a member of the Northern Ireland Assembly for Belfast North from 1973 to 1974 as a "pledged" Ulster Unionist (i.e. pro-Sunningdale), and then a member of the Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention – this time as part of the United Ulster Unionist Coalition, having parted company with Brian Faulkner and the pro-Sunningdale Unionists over the Council of Ireland in May 1974 – from 1975 to 1976. He died on 12 May 1999. References Category:1914 births Category:1999 deaths Category:Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1949–1953 Category:Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1953–1958 Category:Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1958–1962 Category:Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1962–1965 Category:Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1965–1969 Category:Members of the Senate of Northern Ireland 1969–1973 Category:Members of the Northern Ireland Assembly 1973–1974 Category:Members of the Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention Category:Members of the Privy Council of Northern Ireland Category:Northern Ireland Cabinet ministers (Parliament of Northern Ireland) Category:Northern Ireland junior government ministers (Parliament of Northern Ireland) Category:Ulster Unionist Party members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland Category:Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland for Belfast constituencies Category:Ulster Unionist Party members of the Senate of Northern Ireland

Aliens (EP) Aliens is the first EP by Australian rock band Mondo Rock. It was released in 1987. It peaked at number 66 on the Kent Music Report. Track listing Cassette track listing A cassette was released featuring two additional tracks. Charts References Category:Mondo Rock albums Category:1987 EPs Category:EPs by Australian artists Category:PolyGram EPs

TasRail TasRail is the trading name of Tasmanian Railway Proprietary Limited, a Tasmanian Government state-owned enterprise that has operated the mainline railways in Tasmania since September 2009. It operates only freight services. Passenger trains ceased operations in 2005. History Established under the Rail Company Act 2009, in September 2009 the Tasmanian Government purchased the AN Tasrail business from Pacific National. TasRail combined the above-rail (rollingstock) and business assets with the below-rail assets (track and associated infrastructure), for which the state had assumed responsibility in May 2007, to form a vertically integrated rail operator. The Tasmanian Government Railways had operated the state's railway network until it passed to the federal government's Australian National in March 1978. Fleet As at April 2017, the fleet consisted of 27 operational locomotives. Current locomotive fleet Former locomotive fleet Road crossings There are 199 level crossings on the TasRail network with active control at 123 crossings and passive control at the remainder. Active control includes flashing lights and warning bells that are activated by approaching trains and passive control includes 'Stop' or 'Give Way' sign which rely on motorists to watch for trains before crossing the railway line. During the period 2003 - 2012, there were 36 reported crashes at level crossings, with 20 resulting in casualties, 3 of which were fatal. Almost two thirds of crashes occurred within urban areas with speed limits 50 or 60 km/hr. Relocation of the Hobart terminal to Brighton during June 2014 meant that 29 crossings became inactive, which was expected to reduce level crossing crashes in Tasmania by 30%. References External links Locomotive details Category:Government-owned companies of Tasmania Category:Railway infrastructure companies of Australia Category:Freight railway companies of Australia Category:Railway companies established in 2009 Category:Rail transport in Tasmania Category:2009 establishments in Australia

Memento Mori (Gemini Syndrome album) Memento Mori is the second studio album from American alternative metal band Gemini Syndrome. Released on August 19, 2016, the work was published by Another Century Records. Track listing Charts References Category:2016 albums Category:Gemini Syndrome albums Category:Albums produced by Kevin Churko Category:Another Century Records albums

1995 State Farm Evert Cup – Singles Steffi Graf was the defending champion but did not compete that year. Mary Joe Fernández won in the final 6–4, 6–3 against Natasha Zvereva. Seeds A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated. The top four seeds received a bye to the second round. Arantxa Sánchez Vicario (Semifinals) Conchita Martínez (Quarterfinals) Lindsay Davenport (Quarterfinals) Natasha Zvereva (Final) Naoko Sawamatsu (Semifinals) Amy Frazier (First Round) Sabine Hack (First Round) Mary Joe Fernández (Champion) Draw Final Section 1 Section 2 External links 1995 State Farm Evert Cup Draw Women's Singles Singles

Am Grabe, WAB 2 (At the grave), WAB 2, is an elegy composed by Anton Bruckner in 1861, for men's voices a capella. History Am Grabe is a revised a cappella setting of the elegy Vor Arneths Grab, WAB 53. The elegy was performed on the funeral of Josephine Hafferl on 11 February 1861. The original manuscript is stored in the archive of the Liedertafel Frohsinn. The song, which was edited first by Wöß, Universal Edition, in 1924, is put in Band XXIII/2, No. 13 of the . In addition, an autograph slight revision of the song has been found on an undated copy of the manuscript (Mus.Hs. 2104). Music The 21-bar-long, a cappella setting discarded the fourth strophe of Marinelli's text. The voice score of the first two strophes (bars 1-8) is similar to that of Vor Arneths Grab. The score of the third strophe is 5 bars longer. From bar 15 the score is different and ends at bars 19-21 alike bars 26-28 of the original setting. A score with another text by Gottfried Grote has been issued by Schott Music in 1961. There is also an arrangement by Jeff Reynolds for 4-part trombone ensemble (with optional contrabass trombone part). Discography There is only one recording of the full setting of Am Grabe: Łukasz Borowicz, Anton Bruckner: Requiem, RIAS Kammerchor Berlin, Akademie für Alte Musik Berlin – CD: Accentus ACC30474, 2019 - revised version (Cohrs edition, based on manuscript Mus.Hs. 2104). NB: On CD LIVA 027, only the first two strophes were recorded. References Sources August Göllerich, Anton Bruckner. Ein Lebens- und Schaffens-Bild, – posthumous edited by Max Auer by G. Bosse, Regensburg, 1932 Anton Bruckner – Sämtliche Werke, Band XXIII/2: Weltliche Chorwerke (1843–1893), Musikwissenschaftlicher Verlag der Internationalen Bruckner-Gesellschaft, Angela Pachovsky and Anton Reinthaler (Editor), Vienna, 1989 Cornelis van Zwol, Anton Bruckner 1824–1896 – Leven en werken, uitg. Thoth, Bussum, Netherlands, 2012. Crawford Howie, Anton Bruckner - A documentary biography, online revised edition External links Am Grabe f-Moll, WAB 2 Critical discography by Hans Roelofs A live performance of Am Grabe by the Wagner Society Male Choir of Japan, 11 December 1988, can be heard on YouTube: Am Grabe, WAB 2 - with Gottfried Grote's text Category:Weltliche Chorwerke by Anton Bruckner Category:1861 compositions Category:Compositions in F minor

Geodispersal In biogeography, geodispersal is the erosion of barriers to gene flow and biological dispersal (Lieberman, 2005.; Albert and Crampton, 2010.). Geodispersal differs from vicariance, which reduces gene flow through the creation of geographic barriers. In geodispersal, the geographical ranges of individual taxa, or of whole biotas, are merged by erosion of a physical barrier to gene flow or dispersal.. Multiple related geodispersal and vicariance events can be mutually responsible for differences among populations. As these geographic barriers break down, organisms of the secluded ecosystems can interact, allowing gene flow between previously separated species, creating more biological variation within a region. A well documented example of geodispersal in between continental ecosystems was the Great American Biotic Interchange (GABI) between the terrestrial faunas and floras of North America and South America, that followed the formation of the Isthmus of Panama about 3 million years ago. Between 69 and 47 million years ago, the Thulean Land Bridge facilitated gene flow by allowing bees from the Old World to travel to the New World, an example of geodispersal from the Old World to the New World. Another example was the formation of the modern Amazon River Basin about 10 million years ago, which involved the merging of previously isolated Neotropical fish faunas to form what is now the most species-rich continental aquatic ecosystem on Earth (Oberdorff et al., 2011). Notes and references Category:Biogeography

Hans Snoek Johanna Rosine Snoek, known as Hans Snoek, (December 29, 1910 – September 27, 2001) was a Dutch dancer, choreographer and ballet director. She founded the . The daughter of Leonard Salomon Snoek and Henderika Gerarda Trina Johanna ten Bruggencate, Snoek was born in Geertruidenberg. She studied dance with Kurt Jooss and Sigurd Leeder. During World War II, she staged performances in secret in support of the Dutch resistance. She founded the Scapino Ballet in 1945 and the affiliated school Scapino Dansschool in 1951. The school later merged with Balletstudio Nel Roos to form the Dutch National Ballet Academy. She retired as ballet director for Scapino in 1970. She choreographed a number of ballets including: De pasja en de beer Het papiernoodballet De krekel en de mier Dorp zonder mannen De tijgerprinses Vadertje tijd neemt even rust Snoek also founded Assitej Netherlands and the youth theatre . In 1960, she was named an Officer in the Order of Orange-Nassau. Snoek was married twice: first to Nicolaas Wijnberg, a dancer, in 1939 and then, in 1951, to television director . In 2001, she died in Amsterdam at the age of 90. The Hans Snoek Award was established by the Dutch Association of Theatre Directors. References Category:1910 births Category:2001 deaths Category:Dutch ballerinas Category:Dutch women choreographers Category:Officers of the Order of Orange-Nassau

Jeffrey Tessler Jeffrey Tessler was the Chief executive officer of Clearstream and a member of the Executive Board of Deutsche Börse. He was formerly an Executive Vice President of the Bank of New York. Education He received an MBA from Seton Hall University in New Jersey (1983) and a BA in Political Science from The College of New Jersey in 1975. References Category:American chief executives of financial services companies Category:Living people Category:Seton Hall University alumni Category:The College of New Jersey alumni Category:Year of birth missing (living people)

389 Industria Industria (minor planet designation: 389 Industria) is a large Main belt asteroid. It is classified as an S-type asteroid. It was discovered by Auguste Charlois on 8 March 1894 in Nice. References External links Category:Background asteroids Industria Industria Category:S-type asteroids (Tholen) Category:S-type asteroids (SMASS) 18940308

West Coast Airlines Flight 720 West Coast Airlines Flight 720 was a scheduled passenger flight from Klamath Falls, Oregon, to Seattle, Washington, with intermediate stops at Medford, Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, and Portland, Oregon. On March 10, 1967, it crashed shortly after takeoff at Klamath Falls, killing all four aboard. Synopsis West Coast Airlines Flight 720 was operated on March 10, 1967 by one of the company's Fairchild F-27 aircraft, registered N2712. On the morning of the flight, the aircraft was parked in West Coast's hangar at the airport for routine maintenance. Due to the falling snow that morning, instead of loading at the terminal, as was standard procedure, the aircraft was loaded in the hangar with the passenger and crew members. Both pilots did a pre-flight check of the plane, and reported nothing unusual. Once boarding was completed at 4:46 AM, the plane was pushed out of the hangar. Snow mixed with rain was falling. During push back from the hangar, the tractor tug was observed to have gotten stuck in the snow, and ground personnel spent 11 minutes freeing it, during which time the airplane was exposed to the weather. No attempt was made to clear the wings or control surfaces of snow. Once freed from the snow, the aircraft taxied to Runway 14 and was given takeoff clearance at 4:57 AM. The aircraft took off at 5:01 AM, and at 5:02:43 the flight contacted the tower to check if they were on radar. This was the last communication from the aircraft. The controller reported to Flight 720 that they were on radar. The controller witnessed a target on his screen drift to the left of the runway centerline and head towards Stukel Mountain 6 miles from the airport. At 5:02:49 the flight impacted Stukel Mountain, after failing to get airborne high enough to clear the mountain. Cause and investigation At 5:09 AM a report came into the tower that an aircraft had crashed on Stukel Mountain. It was observed that the runway tracks were in heavy snow, and the plane swerved to the left on the runway before becoming airborne. By takeoff, the left gear was 12 feet off the runway. Several witnesses in the vicinity saw the airplane flying low, followed by seeing or hearing a large explosion. All reported snow at the time of the crash. The aircraft was equipped with a flight data recorder. Although damaged in the crash, the recording medium was able to be read. The aircraft was reported to have climbed to approximately 1 minute after takeoff. Throughout the flight the aircraft was recorded to have continued a turn to the left of the assigned heading. Shortly before impact the aircraft began a sharp turn to the left, towards the mountain, at heading of 042 degrees. The aircraft was equipped with a cockpit voice recorder, which, although damaged, was able to be read. The crew reported a loss of control before impact, along with a report of not being able to see the mountain. An expletive was uttered right before impact. The aircraft was observed to have been accumulating ice and snow on its control surfaces prior to takeoff and when moved out of the hangar. No action was taken by the crew to have the aircraft deiced, and it was believed by the investigation that this was responsible for the accident. Due to the crew's short turnaround schedule, fatigue was suggested as a contributing factor in the accident. References Category:Aviation accidents and incidents in the United States in 1967 Category:1967 in Oregon Category:Airliner accidents and incidents in Oregon Category:West Coast Airlines accidents and incidents Category:Disasters in Oregon Category:Transportation in Klamath County, Oregon Category:March 1967 events

350s BC This article concerns the period 359 BC – 350 BC. References

2013–14 Illinois Piasa season The 2013–14 Illinois Piasa season was the eighth season of the Illinois Piasa professional indoor soccer club and fourth as a franchise in the Professional Arena Soccer League. The Piasa, named for the Piasa Bird of Native American legend, are an Eastern Division team who played their home games at The Field Sports Complex in Pontoon Beach, Illinois. The team was led by general manager Matt Williams and interim head coach Ed Rulo. The Pizazz Dance Team was led by Danielle Lusicic-Wise. Former player Doug Montroy led the team as head coach for the first 10 games of the season before being dismissed "with the best interests of both parties in mind". Ed Rulo served out the season as interim coach, Season summary The Piasa season started strong under rookie head coach Doug Montroy with a home win over the expansion Tulsa Revolution but the team lost its next 9 games. Many of the losses were by 1 or 2 goals but the January 4 loss to the Cleveland Freeze by a score of 27–6 set several league records and Cleveland fell one short of the PASL record of 28 goals by one team in a game. Roster instability, lack of practice time, and reduced payroll were among the reasons cited by the coach for the team's struggles on and off the field. Montroy was replaced as head coach by his assistant, Ed Rulo, beginning with the January 11 game against the Chicago Mustangs. The team averaged just 299 fans per home game, the 18th-best draw in the 20-team league. The Illinois Piasa participated in the 2013–14 United States Open Cup for Arena Soccer, losing their Round of 32 game against the independent Chicago-based A.A.C. Eagles on Saturday, December 14, 2013, by a score of 7–4. Schedule Regular season ♥ Postponed from January 5 due to extreme winter weather then postponed again from January 26 due to a scheduling conflict U.S. Open Cup for Arena Soccer References External links Illinois Piasa official website The Field Sports Complex official website Category:Illinois Piasa seasons Illinois Piasa Illinois Piasa 2013 Illinois Piasa 2013

William Cruikshank William Cruikshank may refer to: William Cumberland Cruikshank (1745–1800), English anatomist William Cruikshank (painter) (1848–1922), Scottish painter William Cruickshank (chemist) (died 1810/11), chemist William M. Cruikshank (1870–1943), American military officer

Salandrella The Salandrella is an Italian river in the province of Matera. Its source is near Accettura and it flows into the Cavone. References Category:Rivers of the Province of Matera Category:Rivers of Italy

2010 AON Open Challenger – Singles Alberto Martín was the defending champion but decided not to participate this year. Fabio Fognini won the Italian final, where he defeated Potito Starace 6–4, 6–1. Seeds Draw Finals Top Half Bottom Half References Main Draw Qualifying Singles AON Open Challenger - Singles Category:AON Open Challenger

... More ... More, probably Richard More (fl. 1402) was an English politician. Life Very little is recorded of More, apart from his surname and the year in which he was an MP. It is thought that More is the Richard More who was mainpernor for the 1406 Plympton MPs. Career He was a Member of the Parliament of England in 1402 for Plympton Erle, Devon. References Category:14th-century births Category:15th-century deaths Category:English MPs 1402 Category:Members of the pre-1707 English Parliament for constituencies in Devon‎

Palaemon paivai Palaemon paivai is a species of shrimp of the family Palaemonidae. References Category:Crustaceans described in 1967

Hidehachi Koyasu (born 2 January 1960) is a Japanese fencer. He competed in the team foil event at the 1984 Summer Olympics. References Category:1960 births Category:Living people Category:Japanese male fencers Category:Olympic fencers of Japan Category:Fencers at the 1984 Summer Olympics

Zelevizhdë Zelevizhdë is a village in the former municipality of Lumas in Berat County, Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Kuçovë. References Category:Populated places in Kuçovë Category:Villages in Berat County

Small satellite A small satellite, miniaturized satellite, or smallsat is a satellite of low mass and size, usually under . While all such satellites can be referred to as "small", different classifications are used to categorize them based on mass. Satellites can be built small to reduce the large economic cost of launch vehicles and the costs associated with construction. Miniature satellites, especially in large numbers, may be more useful than fewer, larger ones for some purposes – for example, gathering of scientific data and radio relay. Technical challenges in the construction of small satellites may include the lack of sufficient power storage or of room for a propulsion system. Rationales One rationale for miniaturizing satellites is to reduce the cost; heavier satellites require larger rockets with greater thrust that also have greater cost to finance. In contrast, smaller and lighter satellites require smaller and cheaper launch vehicles and can sometimes be launched in multiples. They can also be launched 'piggyback', using excess capacity on larger launch vehicles. Miniaturized satellites allow for cheaper designs and ease of mass production. Another major reason for developing small satellites is the opportunity to enable missions that a larger satellite could not accomplish, such as: Constellations for low data rate communications Using formations to gather data from multiple points In-orbit inspection of larger satellites University-related research Testing or qualifying new hardware before using it on a more expensive spacecraft History The nanosatellite and microsatellite segments of the satellite launch industry have been growing rapidly in recent years. Development activity in the range has been significantly exceeding that in the range. In the range alone, fewer than 15 satellites were launched annually in 2000 to 2005, 34 in 2006, then fewer than 30 launches annually during 2007 to 2011. This rose to 34 launched in 2012 and 92 launched in 2013. European analyst Euroconsult projects more than 500 smallsats being launched in 2015–2019 with a market value estimated at . By mid-2015, many more launch options had become available for smallsats, and rides as secondary payloads had become both greater in quantity and easier to schedule on shorter notice. Classification groups Small satellites The term "small satellite", or sometimes "minisatellite", often refers to an artificial satellite with a wet mass (including fuel) between , but in other usage has come to mean any satellite under . Small satellite examples include Demeter, Essaim, Parasol, Picard, MICROSCOPE, TARANIS, ELISA, SSOT, SMART-1, Spirale-A and -B, and SpaceX's Starlink satellites. Small satellite launch vehicle Although smallsats have traditionally been launched as secondary payloads on larger launch vehicles, a number of companies currently are developing or have developed launch vehicles specifically targeted at the smallsat market. In particular, the secondary payload paradigm does not provide the specificity required for many small satellites that have unique orbital and launch-timing requirements. Companies offering smallsat launch vehicles include: Rocket Lab's Electron (225 kg) Companies planning smallsat launch vehicles include: Virgin Orbit's LauncherOne (500 kg) Vector Launch's Vector-R (60 kg) Microsatellites The term "microsatellite" or "microsat" is usually applied to the name of an artificial satellite with a wet mass between . However, this is not an official convention and sometimes those terms can refer to satellites larger than that, or smaller than that (e.g., ). Sometimes, designs or proposed designs from some satellites of these types have microsatellites working together or in a formation. The generic term "small satellite" or "smallsat" is also sometimes used, as is "satlet". Examples: Astrid-1 and Astrid-2, as well as the set of satellites currently announced for LauncherOne (below) In 2018, the two Mars Cube One microsats—massing just each—became the first CubeSats to leave Earth orbit for use in interplanetary space. They flew on their way to Mars alongside the successful Mars InSight lander mission. The two microsats accomplished a flyby of Mars in November 2018, and both continued communicating with ground stations on Earth through late December. Both went silent by early January 2019. Microsatellite launch vehicle A number of commercial and military-contractor companies are currently developing microsatellite launch vehicles to perform the increasingly targeted launch requirements of microsatellites. While microsatellites have been carried to space for many years as secondary payloads aboard larger launchers, the secondary payload paradigm does not provide the specificity required for many increasingly sophisticated small satellites that have unique orbital and launch-timing requirements. In July 2012, Virgin Galactic announced LauncherOne, an orbital launch vehicle designed to launch "smallsat" primary payloads of into low-Earth orbit, with launches projected to begin in 2016. Several commercial customers have already contracted for launches, including GeoOptics, Skybox Imaging, Spaceflight Industries, and Planetary Resources. Both Surrey Satellite Technology and Sierra Nevada Space Systems are developing satellite buses "optimized to the design of LauncherOne". Virgin Galactic has been working on the LauncherOne concept since late 2008, and , is making it a larger part of Virgin's core business plan as the Virgin human spaceflight program has experienced multiple delays and a fatal accident in 2014. In December 2012, DARPA announced that the Airborne Launch Assist Space Access program would provide the microsatellite rocket booster for the DARPA SeeMe program that intended to release a "constellation of 24 micro-satellites (~ range) each with 1-m imaging resolution." The program was cancelled in December 2015. In April 2013, Garvey Spacecraft (now Vector Launch) was awarded a contract to evolve their Prospector 18 suborbital launch vehicle technology into an orbital nanosat launch vehicle capable of delivering a payload into a orbit to an even-more-capable clustered "20/450 Nano/Micro Satellite Launch Vehicle" (NMSLV) capable of delivering payloads into circular orbits. The Boeing Small Launch Vehicle is an air-launched three-stage-to-orbit launch vehicle concept aimed to launch small payloads of into low-Earth orbit. The program is proposed to drive down launch costs for U.S. military small satellites to as low as per launch ($7,000/kg) and, if the development program was funded, could be operational by 2020. The Swiss company Swiss Space Systems (S3) has announced plans in 2013 to develop a suborbital spaceplane named SOAR that would launch a microsat launch vehicle capable of putting a payload of up to into low-Earth orbit. The Spanish company PLD Space born in 2011 with the objective of developing low cost launch vehicles called Miura 1 and Miura 5 with the capacity to place up to into orbit. Nanosatellites The term "nanosatellite" or "nanosat" is applied to an artificial satellite with a wet mass between . Designs and proposed designs of these types may be launched individually, or they may have multiple nanosatellites working together or in formation, in which case, sometimes the term "satellite swarm" or "fractionated spacecraft" may be applied. Some designs require a larger "mother" satellite for communication with ground controllers or for launching and docking with nanosatellites. Over 1300 nanosatellites have been launched as of January 2020. With continued advances in the miniaturization and capability increase of electronic technology and the use of satellite constellations, nanosatellites are increasingly capable of performing commercial missions that previously required microsatellites. For example, a 6U CubeSat standard has been proposed to enable a constellation of 35 Earth-imaging satellites to replace a constellation of five RapidEye Earth-imaging satellites, at the same mission cost, with significantly increased revisit times: every area of the globe can be imaged every 3.5 hours rather than the once per 24 hours with the RapidEye constellation. More rapid revisit times are a significant improvement for nations performing disaster response, which was the purpose of the RapidEye constellation. Additionally, the nanosat option would allow more nations to own their own satellite for off-peak (non-disaster) imaging data collection. As costs lower and production times shorten, nanosatellites are becoming increasingly feasible ventures for companies. Example nanosatellites: ExoCube (CP-10), ArduSat, SPROUT Nanosatellite developers and manufacturers include GomSpace, NanoAvionics, NanoSpace, Spire, Surrey Satellite Technology, NovaWurks, Dauria Aerospace, Planet Labs and Reaktor. Nanosat market In the ten years of nanosat launches prior to 2014, only 75 nanosats were launched. Launch rates picked up substantially when in the three-month period from November 2013–January 2014 94 nanosats were launched. One challenge of using nanosats has been the economic delivery of such small satellites to anywhere beyond low-Earth orbit. By late 2014, proposals were being developed for larger spacecraft specifically designed to deliver swarms of nanosats to trajectories that are beyond Earth orbit for applications such as exploring distant asteroids. Nanosatellite launch vehicle With the emergence of the technological advances of miniaturization and increased capital to support private spaceflight initiatives in the 2010s, several startups have been formed to pursue opportunities with developing a variety of small-payload Nanosatellite Launch Vehicle (NLV) technologies. NLVs proposed or under development include: Virgin Orbit LauncherOne upper stage, intended to be air-launched from WhiteKnightTwo similar to how the SpaceShipTwo spaceplane is launched. Ventions Nanosat upper stage. Nammo/Andøya North Star (polar orbit-capable launcher for a payload) , Garvey Spacecraft (now Vector Launch) is evolving their Prospector 18 suborbital launch vehicle technology into an orbital nanosat launch vehicle capable of delivering a payload into a orbit. Generation Orbit is developing an air-launched rocket to deliver both nanosats and microsats to low Earth orbit. Actual NS launches: NASA launched three satellites on 21 April 2013 based on smart phones. Two phones use the PhoneSat 1.0 specification and the third used a beta version of PhoneSat 2.0 ISRO launched 14 nanosatellites on 22 June 2016, 2 for Indian universities and 12 for the United States under the Flock-2P program. This launch was performed during the PSLV-C34 mission. ISRO launched 103 nanosatellites on 15 February 2017. This launch was performed during the PSLV-C37 mission. Picosatellites The term "picosatellite" or "picosat" (not to be confused with the PicoSAT series of microsatellites) is usually applied to artificial satellites with a wet mass between , although it is sometimes used to refer to any satellite that is under 1 kg in launch mass. Again, designs and proposed designs of these types usually have multiple picosatellites working together or in formation (sometimes the term "swarm" is applied). Some designs require a larger "mother" satellite for communication with ground controllers or for launching and docking with picosatellites. The CubeSat design, with approximately mass, is an example of a large picosatellite (or minimum nanosat). Picosatellites are emerging as a new alternative for do-it-yourself kitbuilders. Picosatellites are currently commercially available across the full range of . Launch opportunities are now available for $12,000 to $18,000 for sub-1 kg picosat payloads that are approximately the size of a soda can. Femtosatellites The term "femtosatellite" or "femtosat" is usually applied to artificial satellites with a wet mass below . Like picosatellites, some designs require a larger "mother" satellite for communication with ground controllers. Three prototype "chip satellites" were launched to the ISS on on its final mission in May 2011. They were attached to the ISS external platform Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE-8) for testing. In April 2014, the nanosatellite KickSat was launched aboard a Falcon 9 rocket with the intention of releasing 104 femtosatellite-sized chipsats, or "Sprites". In the event, they were unable to complete the deployment on time due to a failure of an onboard clock and the deployment mechanism reentered the atmosphere on 14 May 2014, without having deployed any of the femtosats. ThumbSat is another project intending to launch femtosatellites in the late 2010s. ThumbSat announced a launch agreement with CubeCat in 2017 to launch up to 1000 of the very small satellites. In March 2019, the CubeSat KickSat-2 deployed 105 femtosats called "ChipSats" into Earth orbit. The satellites were tested for 3 days, and they then reentered the atmosphere and burned up. Technical challenges Small satellites usually require innovative propulsion, attitude control, communication and computation systems. Larger satellites usually use monopropellants or bipropellant combustion systems for propulsion and attitude control; these systems are complex and require a minimal amount of volume to surface area to dissipate heat. These systems may be used on larger small satellites, while other micro/nanosats have to use electric propulsion, compressed gas, vaporizable liquids such as butane or carbon dioxide or other innovative propulsion systems that are simple, cheap and scalable. Small satellites can use conventional radio systems in UHF, VHF, S-band and X-band, although often miniaturized using more up-to-date technology as compared to larger satellites. Tiny satellites such as nanosats and small microsats may lack the power supply or mass for large conventional radio transponders, and various miniaturized or innovative communications systems have been proposed, such as laser receivers, antenna arrays and satellite-to-satellite communication networks. Few of these have been demonstrated in practice. Electronics need to be rigorously tested and modified to be "space hardened" or resistant to the outer space environment (vacuum, microgravity, thermal extremes, and radiation exposure). Miniaturized satellites allow for the opportunity to test new hardware with reduced expense in testing. Furthermore, since the overall cost risk in the mission is much lower, more up-to-date but less space-proven technology can be incorporated into micro and nanosats than can be used in much larger, more expensive missions with less appetite for risk. Collision safety Small satellites are difficult to track with ground-based radar, so it is difficult to predict if they will collide with other satellites or human-occupied spacecraft. The U.S. Federal Communications Commission has rejected at least one small satellite launch request on these safety grounds. See also Canadian Advanced Nanospace eXperiment Program CanSat DRAGONSat picosatellite Micro air vehicle N-Prize Nanosatellite Launch System Satellite formation flying SPHERES Student Space Exploration & Technology Initiative University Nanosatellite Program AMSAT Amateur Satellite Corp. PocketQube Rocket Lab References External links Nanosatellite and CubeSat Database NewSpace Index Pico Satellite Development Resources Category:Satellites by type

Quanshui station Quanshui is a station on Line 3 of the Dalian Metro in Liaoning Province, China. It is located in the Ganjingzi District of Dalian City. References Category:Railway stations in Liaoning

Vincent Ngongang Vincent Ngongang (born 9 January 1979 in Bafoussam) is a former Cameroonian footballer. Career He began his career playing for Racing Bafoussam alongside Geremi. After spells in Germany and Austria he settled in Serbia where he played the remainder of his career. Since ending his playing career he has become youth team coach at FK Grafičar. External sources Profile at Freebase. Category:1979 births Category:Living people Category:People from Bafoussam Category:Cameroonian footballers Category:Cameroonian expatriate footballers Category:Association football defenders Category:Association football midfielders Category:Association football utility players Category:Fortuna Düsseldorf players Category:Expatriate footballers in Germany Category:Expatriate footballers in Serbia Category:Expatriate footballers in Serbia and Montenegro

Maraş massacre The Maraş massacre () was the massacre of more than one hundred Alevi civilians in the city of Kahramanmaraş, Turkey, in December 1978 by the neo-fascist Grey Wolves and religious conservative community. The tensions were initially ignited by a noise bomb thrown into a movie theater frequently visited by extreme Turkish nationalists. The incident is best remembered for the subsequent campaign of violence directed against left-wingers, mostly Alevis, although some left-wing Sunnis and Kurds were also targeted. Although some 500 perpetrators of the incident were indicted later on, the investigation was kept classified by the government. The real provocateurs setting the stage for the incident were never identified. Background The incident in Kahramanmaraş lasted from 19 to 26 December 1978. It started with a bomb thrown into a cinema attended mostly by right-wingers. Rumors spread that left-wingers had thrown the bomb. The next day, a bomb was thrown into a coffee-shop frequently visited by left-wingers, In the evening of 21 December 1978 the teachers Hacı Çolak and Mustafa Yüzbaşıoğlu were killed on their way home. They were known as left-wingers. While a crowd of some 5,000 people prepared for the funeral, right-wing groups stirred up emotions saying that "the communists are going to bomb the mosque, and will massacre our Muslim brothers". Massacre On 23 December 1978, the incidents turned into a pogrom: crowds stormed the quarters where Alevis were living, destroying houses and shops. Many offices including that of Confederation of Progressive Trade Unions of Turkey (DİSK), Teachers' Association of Turkey (TÖB-Der), Association of Police Officers (Pol-Der) and Republican People's Party (Turkey) (CHP) were destroyed. During the incidents, over 100 people were killed, more than 200 houses and approximately 100 shops were destroyed. The figures on casualties vary slightly. The Independent Communication Network Bianet claim that 111 people were killed, while the daily Zaman puts the death toll at 105. Opinions of witnesses include the following observations: Seyho Demir: "The Maraş Police Chief at the time was Abdülkadir Aksu. The massacre was organised by the Turkish secret service MIT, the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) and the Islamists together... As soon as I heard about the massacre, I went to Maraş. In the morning I went to Maraş State Hospital. There, I met a nurse I knew... When she saw me, she was surprised: 'Seyho, where have you come from? They are killing everyone here. They have taken at least ten lightly-wounded people from the hospital downstairs and killed them.' This was done under the control of the head physician of the Maraş State Hospital. The lawyer Halil Güllüoglu followed the Maraş massacre case. The files he had were never made public. He was killed for pursuing the case anyway." Meryem Polat: "They started in the morning, burning all the houses, and continued into the afternoon. A child was burned in a boiler. They sacked everything. We were in the water in the cellar, above us were wooden boards. The boards were burning and falling on top of us. My house was reduced to ashes. We were with eight people in the cellar; they did not see us and left." Aftermath On 26 December 1978, martial law was announced in İstanbul, Ankara, Adana, Kahramanmaraş, Gaziantep, Elazığ, Bingöl, Erzurum, Erzincan, Kars, Malatya, Sivas and Urfa. The court cases, opened at military courts, lasted until 1991. A total of 804 defendants were put on trial. The courts issued 29 death penalties and sentenced seven defendants to life imprisonment and 321 others to sentences between one and 24 years of imprisonment. But all defendants were released by 1992 due to the Anti Terror Law issued in 1991. Hasan Fehmi Güneş, who was appointed Interior Minister after the incidents, is convinced that the massacre was planned. Ruşen Sümbüloğlu, chair of the "Association of Persons from 1968" in Ankara, claimed that the Counter-Guerrilla was behind the provocation. Fevzi Gümüş, chair of the "Cultural Association Pir Sultan Abdal" claimed that the CIA and the deep state must have been involved. Turan Eser, President of the "Alevi Bektaşi Federation", spoke at the 29th anniversary of the massacre in Maraş. He alleged that before the events, "counter guerrilla and racist paramilitary imperialist henchmen made efforts to spread the seeds of hatred between those, who were citizens of the same country and had lived together in peace for centuries". Ökkeş Şendiller, who had been on trial for being involved in the incident, became later a deputy, and was involved in the foundation of the nationalist Great Union Party (BBP). A secret document revealed that the secret service (MİT) had planned the incidents. On 28 December 2007, the radio station Voice of Free Radio and Folk Songs () broadcast a program, in which Ökkeş Şendiller was interviewed over the phone. Passages of the conversation with Hasan Harmancı are (only quotes from ÖŞ): "I was chosen as victim. I saw the most horrible torture. The teachers that were killed, were not Alevi. They were left-wing Sunnis. There were clashes, in which people of both sides were killed... I am talking about court documents. They say that the organization Revolutionary War () threw the bomb." On 30 April 2011, Hamit Kapan, an alleged member of Devrimci Savaş, who had been held incommunicado for 300 days and two friends of his, died under torture. Hamit accused General Yusuf Haznedaroğlu, leading member of the command for martial law in Kahramanmaraş for being responsible for the torture at the time. The general had tried to blame his organization for the killings. References Further reading "Alevite Meeting for the Still Unresolved Maraş Massacre," 22 December 2008, Bianet News in English. Retrieved 2010-07-02. David McDowall. A Modern History of the Kurds, Google Books, p. 415. Retrieved 2010-07-02. Martin Sökefeld. Struggling for Recognition: the Alevi Movement in Germany and in Transnational Space, Google Books, p. 51. Retrieved 2010-07-02. See also List of massacres in Turkey Sivas massacre 1980 Turkish coup d'état Martial law and state of emergency in Turkey Category:1978 in film Category:1978 crimes in Turkey Category:1978 murders in Asia Category:1970s murders in Turkey Category:Alevi massacres Category:Attacks on cinemas Category:Attacks on restaurants in Asia Category:December 1978 crimes Category:December 1978 events in Asia Category:Explosions in 1978 Category:History of Kahramanmaraş Category:Grey Wolves attacks Category:Improvised explosive device bombings in Turkey Category:Mass murder in 1978 Category:Massacres in Turkey Category:Persecution of Kurds in Turkey Category:Pogroms Category:Terrorist incidents in Asia in 1978 Category:Terrorist incidents in Turkey Category:Terrorist incidents in Turkey in the 1970s

North Street (Boston) North Street in the North End of Boston, Massachusetts extends from Congress Street to Commercial Street. It runs past Dock Square, Faneuil Hall, Quincy Market, the Rose Kennedy Greenway, and North Square. It was first named in 1852, and consists of segments of streets formerly named Ann, Fish, Ship, Drawbridge, and Conduit Streets. Ann Street in the 19th century Ann Street, also known as the "Black Sea", was an infamous neighborhood in the 19th century. The main street and its side alleys formed a red-light district where brothels, inns, "jilt shops", and taverns could be segregated from the rest of the city. Over half of Boston's brothels were located there. The establishments in the area relied heavily on custom from sailors, who had come ashore at Dock Square nearby, and working men, who used the taverns as meeting places in the winter. The area was one of the few places in Boston where African Americans and whites intermingled. Ann Street was the main thoroughfare through the neighborhood. It ran from Faneuil Market, spanned an old drawbridge, and led into the rest of the Boston's North End, terminating at the wharves. On 4 December 1834, Ann Street was widened to connect Merchant's Row and Blackstone Street. The area lay about ten minutes by foot from Boston's banking and commercial center. Police raids The Ann Street area was occasionally subject to police raids, generally superficial affairs that left the brothels alone. In 1851 Ann Street had reached the height of its notoriety. Police who patrolled the area (now known as the "Black Sea") estimated that it was home to 227 brothels, 26 gambling dens, and 1,500 establishments that sold liquor. The Boston government responded by organizing a raid. The first, on 8 March 1851, nabbed 86 gamblers. A second on 14 March took many more. Officer Edward H. Savage described the final phase of this Great Descent: "On the eve of the 23rd of April, this year, we made the great Police descent in Ann Street, capturing some one hundred and sixty bipeds, who were punished for piping, fiddling, dancing, drinking, and attending crimes." This raid involved some 50 officers (the whole day force's contingent) and 50 night officers. In all, 60 men, including 35 brothel keepers, and 95 women, mostly prostitutes, were arrested. Name change: North Street At the behest of residents eager to improve the area's image, Boston rechristened Ann Street "North Street" in 1852. The change made little difference. In 1866, some Protestant missionaries described the area as "squealing of fiddles" and the "disorderly shuffle of many feet", populated by criminals of every kind. In 1896, Benjamin Orange Flower described a similar scene in his book Civilization's Inferno. Over time, the area did improve, but this was more likely the result of economic and community changes. Present day Today's North Street is part of a rejuvenated North End and all of Boston's red-light district is limited to a few bookstores and two strip clubs on Kneeland Street, part of the now defunct "Combat Zone". See also Dock Square (Boston, Massachusetts) Market Museum (Boston) North Square (Boston, Massachusetts) Old Feather Store Image gallery References Further reading Bergen, Philip. Old Boston in Early Photographs, 1850-1918: 174 Prints from the Collection of the Boston Society. Dover Publications. Duis, Perry R. (1999). The Saloon: Public Drinking in Chicago and Boston, 1880-1920. University of Illinois Press. Hobson, Barbara Meil (1987). Uneasy Virtue: The Politics of Prostitution and the American Reform Tradition. Chicago University Press. Savage, Edward H. (1865). A Chronological History of the Boston Watch and Police, from 1631 to 1865: Together with Recollections of a Boston Police Officer, or Boston by Daylight and Gaslight.: From the Diary of an Officer Fifteen Years in the Service. Boston. External links Bostonian Society has materials related to the street. Google news archive. Articles related to North Street https://www.flickr.com/photos/mit-libraries/3423279419/ https://www.flickr.com/photos/krobb/3537151666/ https://www.flickr.com/photos/gigharmon/3023067772/ https://www.flickr.com/photos/manzari/179287240/ Category:Streets in Boston Category:North End, Boston Category:History of Boston Category:Sex industry in Massachusetts Category:Historical red-light districts in the United States

Einbeck Einbeck is a town in the district Northeim, in southern Lower Saxony, Germany. It is located on the German Timber-Frame Road. History Prehistory The area of the current city of Einbeck is inhabited since prehistoric times. Various artifacts have been unearthed in the city of Einbeck itself and in the little villages and lost villages around it over the years. They date back to the Paleolithic Era. Medieval Period In the Early Middle Ages a number of villages existed along the river Ilme in the middle Leine valley before Einbeck was founded. On January 1, 1158 Einbeck was first mentioned in a deed of Friedrich Barbarossa, which mentioned … in loco qui Einbike vocatur …. and related to a transfer of an estate in the 11th century. Count Udo of Katlenburg owned an estate on the bank of a brook, the Krummes Wasser (crooked water). His grandson founded the stift Sankt Alexandri, that subsequently developed into an important sanctuary. On the other side of this brook a market town developed at the end of the 12th century, mainly due to convenient access for traffic. A church was built there as well, the market church (St. Jacob). The floodplain between market and stift was filled in and covered with buildings. The market and stift were walled in and a moat was built. In 1252 Einbeck received a town charter and a town council was established. In 1279 the town received through its sovereign, Heinrich Mirabilis, an extension of its town charter. Einbeck was topographically extended and a town wall is mentioned that enclosed the market church St. Jacob and the stift St. Alexandri. St Jacob was (and is) located in the center of the city around the ‘old market’, St. Alexandri was built only some hundred meters away. Extensions were called the ‘new market’, first mentioned 1389 as was the ‘new town’. The new town received its own church, St. Mary, first mentioned 1318. Beer The city gained importance during the reign of the dukes of Grubenhagen. Smaller villages as Oldendorf or Tiedexen were deserted and inhabitants moved inside the city walls. Written evidence about the export of Einbecker beer dates back to 1351. The beer was brewed in larger houses that had the entitlement to brew. These houses are still easily identified through their arched wide doors, necessary to move in the brewing kettle, called a brewing pan. The organization of the process and the marketing of the beer was led by the city council. Einbeck joined the Hanse in 1368 thus broadening the distribution area which now reached from Antwerp in the west to Riga in the east and from Stockholm in the north to Munich in the south. In Munich the name Einbeck was mispronounced as "ein bock" (a billy goat), and when the ducal brewhouse copied the taste, Bock style beer was born. Monasteries In the 14th and 15th centuries a number of monasteries were created: Sisters of Maria and Magdalen, an Austin hermit monastery, and a monastery of the Order of the Poor Ladies. A system of sconces and towers were built outside the city walls as an early warning system against enemies. This time was a golden age for Einbeck and it was one of the largest cities in Northern Germany. Modern period In July 1540 the city of Einbeck was nearly completely destroyed by a fire, which was started by an arsonist. What role the religious upheaval following the very recently introduced reformation played is unknown. Convicted of the crime, the arsonist, Heinrich Diek, was tortured and died while being publicly displayed in an iron cage. This cage is still on display in the town hall. As the town had been quite wealthy before the fire, it was rebuilt very fast. Einbeck joined the Schmalkaldic League, a system of military defence of Lutheran princes and cities, which was a very costly exercise. In 1549 a fire once again swept through the city. This time the southern part of the city was mainly affected and 580 houses burned down. In 1580 the city council signed the Formula of Concord which completed reformation. In 1597 the plague took a huge death toll. During the Thirty Years' War the city was occupied by enemy troops during 1632 and 1641 and some hundred houses destroyed. During the Seven Years' War, (known as the French and Indian War in North America), the city gates were taken down and most of the city walls were destroyed. This all led to times of economic and political vulnerability. As the neighbouring village Rotenkirchen developed into the administrative seat of the area, its sovereign was able to curb the autonomy of Einbeck. Later Einbeck became a garrison for infantry units, which eased its economic difficulties. During the Napoleonic Wars it became the administrative seat of the district of Einbeck from 1807 to 1813. In 1826 the area around St. Maria burned down, replaced by a new county courthouse “Amtsgericht”. After Prussia won the war against the Kingdom of Hannover in 1866, barracks for the Prussian Army were built, now the ‘New Town Hall’ and administrative building of the city council. Einbeck initially resisted plans to connect itself to the railway line Hannover – Kassel, but in 1879 a line between Salzderhelden and Einbeck was built. In 1885 Einbeck was made seat of the newly formed county of Einbeck. Beginning in 1890 the bicycle manufacturing and trading company of August Stukebrok developed into the largest mail order business in Germany, although it later went into receivership during The Great Depression in 1931. In 1896 the garrison was closed and the building used as a technical college until 1907. Einbeck was hit hard by the economic difficulties following the end of World War I, and from 1930 on, its citizens leaned toward non-democratic parties. During the last free vote before Hitler took power, the National Socialists (NSDAP) had a share of 40.9% of the electorate in Einbeck. During the pogrom of November 1938 NSDAP followers set fire to the Synagogue. Of the 58 Jewish citizens of Einbeck; 21 emigrated outside of Germany, 32 were killed or died of disease in concentration camps, 3 committed suicide, and five have not been able to be traced. A month before German surrender, the city manager of Einbeck (without permission from his superiors) gave over the city to United States troops on April 9, 1945. This helped Einbeck to survive the war physically undamaged. In 1946, the population of Einbeck doubled through the influx of displaced persons from the former Eastern territories of Germany, mainly from Silesia. This led to a boom in the construction of new residential houses and later, industrial buildings as well. Residential housing expanded the city in an easterly direction, while industrial building grew to the south. Some substantial companies did set up shop in Einbeck, the largest today (2013) being KWS. In 1971 the villages Holtensen, Hullersen, Immensen, and Odagsen were incorporated into the city of Einbeck, while the county of Einbeck was disbanded in 1974. At the same time Einbeck incorporated further 27 villages from the old county of Einbeck, Gandersheim, and Northeim. Einbeck is administratively a ‘Medium Center’, which means it provides services like high school, hospital‚ notary public, local court, etc. In 2005 a fire destroyed one historical building and damaged five more. Seven years later two more heritage-listed buildings were destroyed by fire. On October 19, 2011, the city council adopted a resolution to incorporate the neighbouring community of Kreiensen beginning January 1, 2013. Einbeck therefore is the legal successor of Kreiensen and it grew substantially again in terms of territory and population. Geography Einbeck has 46 municipalities, which were previously independent villages. The city lies directly south of the Hube (hills), where the Ilme flows into the Leine. In January 2013, the former municipality Kreiensen joined Einbeck. Climate Economy Einbeck had various industries over time that came and went. Yet from very early on beer has been the product Einbeck is famous for over many centuries, still sold under the brand Einbecker Bier. Einbeck is the birthplace of bock beer, a beer with a high alcohol content. In medieval times a brewmaster from Einbeck was hired to brew „Einpöckisch Bier“ in Munich. The name was corrupted and developed into „Oanpock“, and subsequently into „Bock“. The export of beer was a very important business so that in the harbor city of Hamburg Einbeck had its own distribution center (and pub), called the Eimbeck'sches Haus. A brewery is still operating in Einbeck under the name Einbecker Brewery. The company is listed on the Hanover Stock Exchange. Another business in Einbeck has a very long tradition: Einbecker Blaudruck, a traditional way to print on fabric. The privately owned business was founded in 1638 and is the oldest business of the kind still in existence in Europe. A worldwide business headquartered in Einbeck is KWS SAAT AG, listed in the German SDAX. It grew out of breeding seed for sugar beet and is now a full line seed supplier to the farming industry worldwide. KWS operates more than 60 subsidiaries worldwide with sales of close to 1 billion € and a total of 3,800 employees. The main research and development activities are based in Einbeck. Kayser Automotive Systems is an international supplier of components for the car industry. Kayser is a family business headquartered in Einbeck. A branch of the car component supplier Dura Automotive Systems is active in Einbeck. E. Oppermann is a family controlled international belt webbing manufacturer. The chain manufacturer Renold has its German subsidiary in Einbeck. Kurt König is a service and sales company for building and construction machinery. Politics City Council A by-election was held on 20. Januar 2013 for the city council and all village councils due to the incorporation of the former community of Kreiensen into the city of Einbeck. The results were as follows: Former City Managers 1948–1981 Heinrich Keim 1981–1992 Georg Lampe 1992–1997 Bernd Röll Full-time Mayors 1 January 1998 until 31 October 2006: Martin Wehner (SPD) 1 November 2006 until 24 January 2013: Ulrich Minkner (SPD) since 24 January 2013: Sabine Michalek (CDU) Suburbs Of the 33,000 inhabitants of Einbeck only about 15.000 live in the city of Einbeck, the next largest suburb is Kreiensen with about 2,500 inhabitants. The city of Einbeck began to incorporate the first neighbouring villages in 1971, a larger batch followed in 1974. In 2013 Einbeck incorporated Kreiensen which itself had previously incorporated 15 villages. So the geographical size of Einbeck is unusually large. In total Einbeck has 46 suburbs in 2013: Ahlshausen-Sievershausen Andershausen Avendshausen Bartshausen Bentierode Beulshausen Billerbeck Bruchhof Brunsen Buensen Dassensen Dörrigsen Drüber Edemissen Erzhausen Garlebsen Greene Haieshausen Hallensen Holtensen Holtershausen Hullersen Iber Immensen Ippensen Kohnsen Kreiensen Kuventhal Naensen Negenborn Odagsen Olxheim Opperhausen Orxhausen Rengershausen Rittierode Rotenkirchen Salzderhelden Strodthagen Stroit Sülbeck Vardeilsen Vogelbeck Voldagsen Volksen Wenzen Culture and places of interest The historical center of Einbeck provides a nearly complete example of a late medieval town built in the half-timbered construction method. This is why Einbeck was made part of the German Timber-Frame Road. After the fire of July 1540, that nearly destroyed all residential buildings, the city was very swiftly rebuilt during the next 15 years. The year of construction is very often carved into the frames. This is why a very similar style of buildings is found in the center of the city. The old cellars or basements below the buildings, not affected by the fire, were re-used to build the new houses in the same place. A very pretty example is the northern side of „Tiedexer Straße”. The wide arched doors, necessary to go in out with a wagon, can be seen here. More than half of these buildings had entitlements to brew. Places to see Market Square, the very center of the town, with Old Town Hall built in the 16th century, with its three towers, a historic hallmark of Einbeck Brodhaus (Breadhouse) built in 1552, the site was used since 1333 as seat of the bakers guild. Building of the Ratsapotheke (Town Pharmacy) dated 1590. Eicke's House with its rich sculptural façade ornamentation of Renaissance style is listed as “Historical landmark of special national and cultural importance”. Tiedexer Straße, a line of houses build at approximately the same time and in the same style, middle of the 16th century. The New Town Hall was built in 1868 as Prussian Barracks. It is currently (2013) used as administrative building of the city council since 1996. The carrillon in the clocktower plays the same chime as Big Ben. Concert and culture house TangoBrücke started its concert series in 2008. Every Thursday the audience is treated to a classical recital, a jazz concert, or a tango event. Churches Market church Sankt Jacobi (St James's), Lutheran, has a strong presence in the city center through its church tower, 65 meters high. It has a Romanesque baptismal font of sandstone, the oldest artifact in Einbeck Minster church Sankt Alexandri (St Alexander's), Lutheran, one of the largest gothic hall churches in the north of Germany St. Marien (St Mary's) Lutheran, consecrated 1968 (Old Building New Town Church Sankt Marien rebuild after a fire 1840 − 1846, demolished 1963) Youth Church Marie Parish Church “St. Josef” (St Joseph's), Roman Catholic Chapel „St. Spiritus“, a medieval chapel, is now Greek Orthodox Theater Wilhelm-Bendow-Theater (Regular annual programs through Kulturring Einbeck) Museums, Archives, Library Town Museum: Stadtmuseum Einbeck, Steinweg 11/13, with newly designed „RadHaus“ (bicycle museum). The historic archives of the town of Einbeck are stored in the building of the museum The Public Library is located adjacent to Stukenbrokpark The building of the old synagogue was restored by a local initiative and is a museum. Salzderhelden saltworks Kunsthaus PS Speicher („Horsepower Storage“). A local initiative has started in 2011 to rebuild and restore a former granary to form a museum which does exhibit the largest collection of German motorcycles. The opening ceremony was on July 23, 2014. Media The local daily newspaper "Einbecker Morgenpost" is published Monday through Saturday. Einbecker Morgenpost has its own staff and content for local news and takes international and national pages from "Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung". There is an advertising paper for the Einbeck region called "Die Eule" distributed Wednesday and Sunday. Education Primary schools Geschwister-Scholl-School Einbeck, All-day School Pestalozzischule Einbeck Primary School Teichenweg (Teichenwegschule), Einbeck Primary School Salzderhelden/Vogelbeck Leinetalschulen Drüber; Primary and Special School Primary School Dassensen/Holtensen Primary School Wenzen Primary School Kreiensen Primary School Greene Secondary schools Geschwister-Scholl-School (Secondary Modern) Wilhelm-Bendow-Schule (Secondary Modern) Löns-Realschule (Secondary) Goetheschule Einbeck, Grammar School, All-day School Vocational schools Berufsbildende Schulen Einbeck, with Grammar School for Economies, Technology, and Nutrition Science Krankenpflegeschule, Nurse's Training School Parks Stiftsgarten north of the city center, used as garden by stift Sankt Alexandri. Located inside this park is the „Garden of many Generations“. On the eastern side of the Stiftsgarten is the Mendelssohn music school using the Stukenbrokvilla, a residential building in the art nouveau fashion. Stukenbrokpark is an area northeast of the city center between city library and central coach terminal. The historic city walls are best preserved west of the city center in the areas Bäckerwall, Krähengraben, and Mühlenwall. The officers garden is located south of the city center close to the Diek Tower (remains of one of the city gates). Monuments and Memorials The Stukenbrok Memorial was built in memory of the founder of the mail order business August Stukenbrok. It is located in the east of the Stiftsgartens, which was an area once owned by Stukenbrok, next to the little pond. Memorial for Till Eulenspiegel, who is said to have lived in Einbeck for a while, on Market Square. As Eulenspiegel is a fictional person that is a surprising fact. War Memorial for the Franco-Prussian War 1870/1871 designed by Conrad Wilhelm Hase In 1998 locals erected a big concrete block called Stein des Anstoßes (Stumbling Stone) close to the Market Church on Market Square to remind everybody that the number of unemployed in Einbeck (2341 people) was far too high. The stone was to remain in place until the number of unemployed would be half its 1998 number. The stone could have been removed in October 2007. The Gasometer is a technical memorial in the city area. Recurring events 1. May: Einbecker Bluesfestival & Bock-Beer-Tapping May: Open Cross Country Race “Einbecker Bierstadtlauf” June: Foodfestival September: Vat-Pushing-Contest “Fassrollen” September: Pub-Music-Night October: City Festival „Eulenfest” November/December: Christmas Market on Market Square December: Sylvester Cross Country Race „Auf der Hube” Notable persons Einbeck is the birthplace of Henry Mühlenberg, who emigrated to Pennsylvania in 1742 and became the patriarch of the Muhlenberg family dynasty as well as the founder of the Lutheran church in the American colonies. Friedrich Sertürner, discoverer of morphine (1804), opened his first pharmacy here. Conrad Wilhelm Hase (1818-1902), architect and conservationist, honorary citizen may also be mentioned. Sons and daughters of the city Friedrich Uhde (1880-1966), engineer and entrepreneur Wilhelm Bendow (1884-1950), actor Walter Bock (1895-1948), chemist Emil Reinecke (1933-2011), cyclist Personalities who have acted or worked in Einbeck Johann Friedrich Unger (1716-1781), mayor of Einbeck and inventor Georg Schambach (1811-1879), Germanist, high school director in Einbeck Georg Knorr (1859-1911) student in Einbeck, engineer Gintaras Januševičius (born 1985), pianist and music director GAPP For many years, the city's high school has had an exchange program, known as GAPP or German-American Partnership Program, with Roy High School and Ogden High School (Utah) in Utah. Every other year Einbeck students fly to Roy in October to spend two weeks with host families and attend Roy and Ogden High Schools. After their two-week stay the German students travel to places in the US such as Moab, Las Vegas and California. The Roy and Ogden High students visit Einbeck every other year during their summer break. Since 2002, Einbeck has been a partner city with Keene, New Hampshire, USA. A delegation of high school football (soccer) players, coaches and city officials visited Keene on July 1, 2010 and spent a week touring the city, playing exhibition games and watching the World Cup with the locals. Twin towns - sister cities Einbeck is twinned with: Artern, Germany, since 1990 Keene, United States, since 2002 Paczków, Poland, since 1992 Thiais, France, since 1962 Wieselburg, Austria, since 1987 Transport Road There is direct access to Federal Highway “B 3” Bundesstraße 3 running in a North/South direction, connecting Hannover to Kassel, each about away. Until the 1970 “B 3” ran through the city center, but there is now a bypass open. Access to National Highway “A 7” Bundesautobahn 7 is about away. “A 7” connects Flensburg, on the German/Danish border, with Basle in Switzerland and roughly runs in a North/South direction as well. Rail The Einbeck-Salzderhelden station is located on the Hanoverian Southern Railway part of the main North–South railway between Hanover and Kassel. Services run at approximately hourly intervals in both directions. The larger railway station in Einbeck is Kreiensen, which provides in addition to the services mentioned above, train connections to the West (Holzminden, Altenbeken) and North East (Seesen, Goslar, Brunswick). The closest high speed train station is Göttingen, about away. Göttingen can be reached from Salzderhelden in hourly intervals. Einbeck has a small railway company, Ilmebahn, which runs rail freight services. In addition. since 2019 a passenger service was reestablished connecting Einbeck-Mitte station with Salzderhelden and Göttingen. Bus Einbeck is part of a network of coach lines in the South of Lower Saxony, VSN. This network connects virtually all smaller villages with the cities in South Lower Saxony. Ilmebahn, the local transport company runs local bus services, as does RBB (Regionalbus Braunschweig). Air The next international airport is Hannover Airport, with connections to major European cities. This airport can be reached by train. A smaller airport mainly for holiday travelers Kassel-Calden is about away. References External links Official site Website of the brewery Website of Einbecker Blaudruck Website of KWS Saat Website of Kayser Automotive 800 photos of Einbeck Metropolitan region Hannover-Braunschweig-Göttingen-Wolfsburg Category:Towns in Lower Saxony Category:Northeim (district) Category:Members of the Hanseatic League Category:Province of Hanover Category:Holocaust locations in Germany

Fredenburg House Fredenburg House is a historic home located at Rhinebeck, Dutchess County, New York, located about one and one-half miles south of the village and west of Route 9. History The area was originally owned by Nicholas Emigh; it was called "Bocke Bush" or Beech Woods. Emigh eventually settled in the town of Beekman, where larger farms were available. The house later came into the possession of the Fredenburg family, before being purchased by the Livingstons. House It was built about 1716 and is a -story, rectangular, gable-roofed farmhouse built into a slight hillside. It is an example of 18th-century regional vernacular German architecture. The garret level contained a domed section of the chimney that served as a meat smoking chamber. It was acquired as a dependency for Grasmere, as did the Benner House and Steenburg Tavern, by the mid-19th century. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987. References Category:Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state) Category:Houses completed in 1716 Category:Houses in Rhinebeck, New York Category:National Register of Historic Places in Dutchess County, New York Category:1716 establishments in New York

Passova Passova is a Neotropical genus of firetips in the family Hesperiidae. Species Passova ganymedes (Bell, 1931) Colombia, Ecuador, Peru Passova gazera (Hewitson, [1866]) Brazil Passova gellias (Godman & Salvin, [1893]) Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama Passova glacia Evans, 1951 French Guiana Passova greta Evans, 1951 Bolivia, Peru Passova nigrocephala (Bell, 1934) Colombia Passova passova (Hewitson, [1866]) Colombia, Peru, Brazil, Guyana, French Guiana Passova polemon (Hopffer, 1874) Brazil Passova vilna Evans, 1951 Bolivia References Passova - Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database Category:Hesperiidae Category:Hesperiidae of South America Category:Hesperiidae genera

Cannes Mandelieu Space Center The Cannes Mandelieu Space Center is an industrial plant dedicated to spacecraft manufacturing, located in both the towns of Cannes and Mandelieu in France. After a long history in aircraft manufacturer, starting in 1929, the center became more and more involved in the Aerospace activities after the Second World War, and satellites are now the plant's main product. After having been the Satellite Division of Aérospatiale, then Alcatel Space in 1998, then Alcatel Alenia Space in 2005, the center is now part, since April 10, 2007 of Thales Alenia Space and the headquarters of the company. Main products As prime contractor the series of Meteosat first and second generation the series of communication satellites Spacebus the series of Globalstar's second-generation satellites the series of O3b satellite constellation the Infrared Space Observatory the Huygens space probe, which landed on Titan the Proteus series of small low earth orbit satellites, including the COROT satellite Jason-1, Jason-2 and Jason-3 the CALIPSO satellite the Planck spacecraft the Herschel Space Observatory ISS modules Node 2, Node 3, Cupola, and the MPLM As the main subcontractor the cameras for the French military observation satellites Helios-1 and Helios-2 the IASI, Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer, embarked on-board Metop the MERIS camera embarked on board the ENVISAT mission. See also French space program References External links See CASPWiki Category:Spacecraft manufacturers Category:Privately held companies of France Category:Space program of France

Velutinidae Velutinidae is a family of small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha. The shell of these animals is very thin and delicate, and internal, completely covered by the mantle (which has fused lobes) so the appearance of these animals more closely resembles that of sea slugs rather than sea snails. Taxonomy The following two subfamilies were recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005): Subfamily Velutininae J. E. Gray, 1840 - synonyms: Marseniidae Leach in Gray, 1847; Marsenininae Odhner, 1913; Capulacmaeinae Golikov & Gulbin, 1990; Onchidiopsinae Golikov & Gulbin, 1990 (n.a.); Marseniopsidae Badel, 1993 (n.a.) Subfamily Lamellariinae A. D. d'Orbigny, 1841 - synonyms: Coriocellidae Troschel, 1848; Sacculidae Thiele, 1929 (inv.); Pseudosacculidae Kuroda, 1933 Genera Genera within the family Velutinidae include: Calyptoconcha Calyptoconcha pellucida A. E. Verrill, 1880 - translucent lamellaria Cartilagovelutina Golikov & Gulbin, 1990 Cartilagovelutina beringensis (Derjugin, 1950) Cartilagovelutina chondrina (Bartsch in Derjugin, 1950) Cartilagovelutina cristata (Derjugin, 1950) Ciliatovelutina Golikov & Gulbin, 1990 Cilifera Golikov & Gulbin, 1990 Coriocella Blainville, 1824 Echinospira Krohn, 1853 Lamellaria G. Montagu, 1815 Lamellariopsis Vayssière, 1906 Limneria H. Adams & A. Adams, 1851 Marseniella Bergh, 1886 Marseniella borealis Bergh, 1886 Marsenina Gray, 1850 Marseniopsis Bergh, 1886 Mysticoncha Allan, 1936 Onchidiopsis Bergh, 1853 Onchidiopsis glacialis M. Sars, 1851 - icy lamellaria Onchidiopsis latissima Odhner, 1913 Onchidiopsis spitzbergensis Jensen, in Thorson, 1944 Piliscus Lovén, 1859 Piliscus commodus Middendorff, 1851 Piliscus rostratus (Golikov & Gulbin, 1990) Piliscus undulatus (Golikov & Gulbin, 1990) Pseudosacculus Hirase, 1928 Pseudotorellia Warén, 1989 Pseudotorellia fragilis Warén, 1989 Torellivelutina McLean, 2000 Velutina Fleming, 1820 Velutina plicatilis (Müller, 1776) Velutina schneideri Friele, 1886 Velutina velutina (Müller, 1776) Subfamily Lamellariinae A. D. d'Orbigny, 1841 Subfamily Velutininae Gray, 1840 Genera brought into synonymy Capulacmaea M. Sars, 1859 : synonym of Piliscus Lovén, 1859 Chelinotus Swainson, 1840: synonym of Coriocella Blainville, 1824 Cryptocella H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: synonym of Lamellaria Montagu, 1815 Marsenia Oken, 1823: synonym of Lamellaria Montagu, 1815 Marvillia [sic]: synonym of Limneria H. Adams & A. Adams, 1851 Morvillia Gray, 1857: synonym of Limneria H. Adams & A. Adams, 1851 Oithonella Mörch, 1857: synonym of Marsenina Gray, 1850 Oncidiopsis [sic]: synonym of Onchidiopsis Bergh, 1853 Pilidium Middendorff, 1851: synonym of Piliscus Lovén, 1859 Pseudoacculus [sic]: synonym of Pseudosacculus Hirase, 1928 Sacculus Hirase, 1927: synonym of Pseudosacculus Hirase, 1928 Velutella Gray, 1847: synonym of Velutina Fleming, 1820 References External links Sea Slug Forum info

Séligné Séligné is a commune in the Deux-Sèvres department in western France. Geography The commune is traversed by the river Boutonne. See also Communes of the Deux-Sèvres department References INSEE Category:Communes of Deux-Sèvres

Old Norfolk City Hall Old Norfolk City Hall, also known as the Seaboard Building and U.S. Post Office and Courthouse, is a historic city hall located at Norfolk, Virginia. It was built in 1898-1900, and is a three-story faced with rusticated stone and yellow brick in a Neo-Palladian Revival style. It features a central pedimented engaged portico with Corinthian order pilasters that contains the main entrance. The building housed a post office and Federal courts until they moved to the Walter E. Hoffman United States Courthouse about 1935. Title to the building was transferred from the U.S. government to the city of Norfolk in 1937, when it was converted into a city hall. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981. In 2009, it became Norfolk's main library. In 2014, the library was expanded to become the Slover Branch/Downtown Norfolk Public Library; the expansion included construction of a new atrium connecting the former city hall with the neighboring Selden Arcade. The library is named in honor of Samuel L. Slover, former mayor of Norfolk. References External links Official website of current use - Slover Branch/Downtown Norfolk Public Library U.S. Post Office & Federal Courts Building, 235 East Plume Street, Norfolk, Norfolk, VA: 3 photo, 19 data pages, and 1 photo caption page at Historic American Buildings Survey Category:Historic American Buildings Survey in Virginia Category:City and town halls on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia Category:Palladian Revival architecture in Virginia Category:Government buildings completed in 1900 Category:Buildings and structures in Norfolk, Virginia Category:National Register of Historic Places in Norfolk, Virginia Category:History of Norfolk, Virginia Category:Downtown Norfolk, Virginia

Marquette Building (Chicago) The Marquette Building, completed in 1895, is a Chicago landmark that was built by the George A. Fuller Company and designed by architects Holabird & Roche. The building is currently owned by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. It is located in the community area known as the "Loop" in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The building was one of the early steel frame skyscrapers of its day, and is considered one of the best examples of the Chicago School of architecture. The building originally had a reddish, terra cotta exterior that is now somewhat blackened due to decades of Loop soot. It is noted both for its then cutting edge frame and its ornate interior. Since construction, the building has received numerous awards and honors. It was designated a Chicago Landmark on June 9, 1975, and is considered an architectural masterpiece. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 17, 1973 and named a National Historic Landmark on January 7, 1976. The building's preservation has been a major focus of the Landmarks Preservation Council of Illinois. The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation completed an extensive four-year restoration in 2006. History The building was named after Father Jacques Marquette, the first European settler in Chicago, who explored the Chicago region in 1674 and wintered in the area for the 1674-5 winter season. It was designed by William Holabird and Martin Roche, with Coydon T. Purdy, architects of the firm Holabird & Roche. In the 1930s, the building was the downtown headquarters for over 30 railroad companies. Around 1950, the terra-cotta cornice was removed from the Marquette Building when an additional story was added. The building has been in continuous use as an office building since its construction. In 1977, Banker's Life and Casualty Company, owned by John D. MacArthur, acquired the Marquette Building. After his death in 1978, the building became the headquarters for the MacArthur Foundation, which bears his name. The lobby of the Marquette Building connects with the D.H. Burnham & Company–designed Edison Building to the west, providing a pedway from Dearborn to Clark. After the September 11, 2001 attacks, many downtown buildings closed to the public, which eliminated warm, dry, indoor walking routes providing shortcuts through full city blocks, but the Marquette Building did not. Architecture The building features several distinct elements that have earned it honors as a Chicago Landmark, a National Historic Landmark, and a National Register Historic Place. It is considered an exemplary model of the Chicago School of Architecture. The architects, Holabird & Roche, used trademark long horizontal bay "Chicago windows" on the Marquette Building. These are large panes of glass flanked by narrow sash windows. The grid-like window frames and spandrels are facilitated by the steel structure which enables non-load-bearing masonry walls. This was one of the first steel framed skyscrapers. Wave-like moldings decorate the façade, which is made of horizontally banded brown terra cotta. The building is constructed around a central light court and features an ornate, two-story lobby. The ensemble of mosaics, sculptures, and bronze of the Marquette Building entry and interior honors Jacques Marquette's 1674-5 expedition. Four bas relief panels over the main entrance by sculptor Hermon Atkins MacNeil show different scenes from Marquette's trip through the Great Lakes region, ending with one depicting his burial. The revolving door panels feature carvings of panther's heads. The hexagonal railing around the lobby atrium is decorated with a mosaic frieze by the Tiffany studio depicting events in the life of Jacques Marquette, his exploration of Illinois, and Native Americans he met. The mosaics are by Louis Comfort Tiffany and his chief designer and art director, Jacob Adolph Holzer; they contain panels of lustered Tiffany glass, mother-of-pearl, and semi-precious stones. Restoration The preservation of this building was championed by the Landmarks Preservation Council of Illinois. In 2001, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, its current owners, began a multi-year renovation. The restoration to the exterior proceeded in two phases: reconstructing the cornice and replacing the 17th story windows to match the original windows; and cleaning and restoring the masonry and restoring the remainder of the windows. Restoration architect Thomas "Gunny" Harboe directed this work. On September 12, 2006, The Commission on Chicago Landmarks honored 21 landmark buildings, homeowners, and businesses with the Chicago Landmark Award for Preservation Excellence at the eighth-annual Landmarks ceremony. The award recognizes work involving notable improvements to individual Chicago landmarks or to buildings within Chicago Landmark Districts. On October 16, 2007, the Foundation opened a new interactive audio visual exhibit on the first floor, detailing the history of the building and its contribution to Chicago architecture. The free exhibit, which is open to the public, will run indefinitely. Notes Additional sources Riedy, James L., Chicago Sculpture, University of Illinois Press, Urbana, IL 1981 Rooney, William A., Architectural Ornamentation in Chicago, Chicago Review Press, Chicago, 1984 External links Marquette.MacFound.org, a Web site dedicated to the architecture & history of the Marquette Building Marquette Building details at Emporis.com Chicago Architecture Foundation, learn more about the Marquette Building's architecture & sign up for a tour Inside Chicago Walking Tours, for interior tours of this and other famous Chicago landmark buildings Category:Chicago school architecture in Illinois Category:Landmarks in Chicago Category:National Historic Landmarks in Chicago Category:Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Chicago Category:Skyscraper office buildings in Chicago Category:Projects by Holabird & Root Category:Holabird & Root Category:Office buildings completed in 1895

New Zealand at the 1984 Winter Olympics New Zealand competed at the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo, Yugoslavia. Alpine skiing Men Women See also New Zealand at the 1984 Winter Paralympics References Official Olympic Reports (PDF format) Olympic Winter Games 1984, full results by sports-reference.com Category:Nations at the 1984 Winter Olympics 1984 Winter Olympics

Mimostedes birmanus Mimostedes birmanus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1958. References Category:Lamiinae Category:Beetles described in 1958

Tremmel Tremmel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Anton Tremmel (born 1994), German alpine ski racer Gerhard Tremmel (born 1978), German footballer Mark Tremmel (born 1971), American politician

Micrurus altirostris Micrurus altirostris is a species of coral snake in the family Elapidae. References Category:Elapidae altirostris Category:Snakes of South America Category:Reptiles of Argentina Category:Reptiles of Brazil Category:Reptiles of Paraguay Category:Reptiles of Uruguay Category:Reptiles described in 1835

Humppila railway station Humppila railway station (Finnish Humppilan rautatieasema; Swedish Humppila järnvägsstation) is located in the municipality of Humppila in the region of Tavastia Proper in Finland. The original station building on the track between Turku and Toijala was destroyed in a fire in 1973 after a failed attempt to rob a post office. Apparently the robbers were scared of something, and when they ran away, the accidentally left their welding flame on. Humppila was without a proper station building for nearly a decade, because the new building designed by Mauri Liedenpohja was only completed in 1983. Before this, traffic control was handled from a cargo warehouse. The station is nowadays unmanned. The traffic control is handled remotely from the Tampere railway station. Ticket sales were discontinued in March 2000. Passenger trains between Turku and Tampere still stop at the station. This is partly because the station is about halfway between the Turku Central railway station and the Toijala railway station, so trains having left at the same time meet at the station. Many trains do meet at Humppila regularly. Another reason why passenger traffic has been retained in Humppila is because inhabitants of Forssa and people visiting there have a practical train connection from Humppila. The distance is about 20 kilometres. There is regular bus traffic between Forssa and Humppila, and express buses between Helsinki and Pori also stop there. Forssa can also be reached by car via Finnish National Road 2. The station building is currently owned by Humppila municipality, and is open on weekdays. There are no ticket sales at the station, not even a ticket vending machine. Humppila is a place where the past and the present meet at summer Sundays, because Humppila is a terminus of the Jokioinen Museum Railway. See also Jokioinen Railway Jokioinen Museum Railway Humppila museum railway station References Railway station Category:Railway stations in Tavastia Proper

Right Action "Right Action" is a song by Scottish indie rock band Franz Ferdinand. It was released as the lead single from their fourth studio album, Right Thoughts, Right Words, Right Action, on 27 June 2013 in the United States and 18 August 2013 in the United Kingdom. It has been described as having a catchy, funk-like guitar sound. A music video of the song, directed by Jonas Odell, was released online on 7 July and features the band performing in an environment similar to their previous video "Take Me Out" (which was also directed by Odell) as the song's lyrics also appear on the screen. The song had moderate commercial success reaching number 39 on the UK Indie Chart, number 28 on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart in the United States and Number 22 in the Billboard Japan Hot 100 Singles Chart. Background and release The lyrics for "Right Action" were inspired by a postcard found by lead singer Alex Kapranos at a London flea market that contained the words "come home, practically all is nearly forgiven". The song was first used in the album trailer for Right Thoughts, Right Words, Right Action. On 27 June 2013, the official audio track was released on YouTube and made available for digital download. The official video for "Right Action" was released on 7 July on the band's Vevo channel. The single was also released physically as a translucent neon pink 7" double A side, with "Love Illumination" being the other single. In popular culture The song was featured on the soundtrack album for the 2014 romantic drama film Endless Love, starring Alex Pettyfer and Gabriella Wilde. It was also used in trailers for the second season of BBC Three's Some Girls, and the first season of Drifters, broadcast by E4. It was also used in the first trailer and is part of the soundtrack for Dumb and Dumber To. Track listing 7" (RUG533) "Right Action" (Alex Kapranos / Nick McCarthy / Robert Hardy) - 3:01 "Love Illumination" (Kapranos / McCarthy) - 3:44 Digital download "Right Action" (Kapranos / McCarthy / Hardy) - 3:01 UK digital download "Right Action" (Kapranos / McCarthy / Hardy) - 3:01 "Love Illumination" (Kapranos / McCarthy) - 3:44 "Right Action" (Live) (Kapranos / McCarthy / Hardy) - 3:05 "Stand on the Horizon" (Live) (Kapranos / McCarthy) - 4:14 Live versions taken from Right Thoughts, Right Words, Right Action deluxe edition bonus disc Personnel Personnel adapted from the album's linear notes Franz Ferdinand Alex Kapranos – lead vocals, guitar, composing, mixing, and pre-production Nick McCarthy – backing vocals, rhythm guitar, and keyboards Bob Hardy – bass guitar Paul Thomson – drums Production personnel Ch4in$ - pre-production Dave Fridmann - mixing Joe Goddard - production Mark Ralph - engineering Alexis Taylor - production Charts References External links Category:2013 singles Category:Franz Ferdinand (band) songs Category:Songs written by Alex Kapranos Category:Songs written by Nick McCarthy Category:Songs written by Bob Hardy (bassist) Category:2013 songs Category:Domino Recording Company singles

George St George, 1st Baron Saint George George St George, 1st Baron St George (c. 1658 – 4 August 1735) was an Anglo-Irish politician, soldier and peer. St George was the son of Sir Oliver St George, 1st Baronet and Olivia Beresford, daughter of Michael Beresford, of Coleraine, County Londonderry. He represented County Roscommon in the Irish House of Commons between at least 1692 and 1715. He succeeded his father in the baronetcy in 1695. He held the post of Vice-Admiral of Connaught from 1696 to his death. In 1715 he was elevated to the Peerage of Ireland as Baron St George, of Hatley Saint George in the Counties of Roscommon and Leitrim. St George gained experience as a soldier. In 1689 he took command of Solomon Richards' infantry regiment which had just taken part in a failed expedition under John Cunningham to rescue the besieged city of Derry, the failure of which led to the dismissal of both Cunningham and Richards. Under St George the regiment took part in the more successful relief operation of General Percy Kirke in July 1689. Family Lord St George married Margaret Skeffington, daughter of John Skeffington, 2nd Viscount Massereene, in 1681. They had two daughters. St George died in August 1735 when the baronetcy and barony became extinct. One of his daughters, the Honourable, Mary St George, married John Ussher. Their son St George assumed the surname of St George and was created Baron St George in 1763. References Category:1735 deaths Category:Anglo-Irish people Category:Barons in the Peerage of Ireland Category:Peers of Ireland created by George I Category:Year of birth uncertain Category:People educated at Kilkenny College Category:Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Roscommon constituencies Category:Irish MPs 1692–1693 Category:Irish MPs 1695–1699 Category:Irish MPs 1703–1713 Category:Irish soldiers

Abdul Aziz Mughal According to the historian Ahmad Razi the fourth son of Abdurashid Khan, named Abdul Aziz Mughal, died a natural death at the age of sixteen. He had two sons Qutab Din and Muhammad Haider. Both his sons accompanied their Uncle Koraish Sultan and migrated to India. Where they lived in India is not known exactly. Most probably they resided in valley of Jammu and Kashmir. Genealogy References Category:Uyghurs Category:Year of birth missing Category:Year of death missing

Italian basketball clubs in international competitions Italian basketball clubs in European and worldwide competitions is the performance record of men's professional basketball clubs from Italy's top-tier level league, the Lega Basket Serie A, in international competitions. History Italian men's professional basketball clubs have played in European-wide basketball competitions since 1958, when Simmenthal Milano took part in the FIBA European Champions Cup (now called EuroLeague). Simmenthal Milano was also the first Italian men's basketball club that won a European-wide competition trophy, the FIBA European Champions Cup (EuroLeague), in 1966, when the club beat Slavia VŠ Praha in the Finals that took place in Bologna, Italy. For the next four decades, Italian basketball club teams dominated in European basketball, winning many cups in all European-wide competitions. Overall, 38 different Italian men's basketball clubs have played in pan-European competitions. The finals Italian clubs in EuroLeague (1st-tier level) Season to season Italian clubs in FIBA Saporta Cup (2nd-tier level) Season to season Italian clubs in FIBA Korać Cup (3rd-tier level) Season to season See also European basketball clubs in European and worldwide competitions: Croatia Czechoslovakia France Greece Israel Russia Spain Turkey USSR Yugoslavia Category:Basketball in Italy Category:Lega Basket Serie A

French ship Intrépide (1864) The Intrépide was a 90-gun Algésiras-class steam ship of the line of the French Navy. Career Under Captain Claude Gennet, Intrépide was used as a troopship to bring the expeditionary corps of the French intervention in Mexico back to France. She took part in the Siege of Sfax in 1881. From 1883, she was a school ship of the École navale, and from 1887 she was hulked as barracks. Renamed Borda in 1890, she was used again by the École navale, and was eventually broken up in 1921. Notes, citations, and references Notes Citations References Les bâtiments ayant porté le nom de Borda, netmarine.net Category:Ships of the line of the French Navy Category:Algésiras-class ships of the line Category:1864 ships Category:Ships built in France Category:Napoléon-class ships of the line Category:Second French intervention in Mexico

Mayfield Fellows Program The Mayfield Fellows Program is a university program that offers students in-depth training and experience in high-tech entrepreneurship. The program, originally called the "Technology Ventures Co-op" was founded in 1996 at Stanford University and expanded in 2001 to include the University of California, Berkeley. The two programs each have a slightly different focus. At Stanford, the students are juniors, senior, and co-terminal masters students, primarily in engineering and science. At Berkeley, the students are generally graduate students in business or engineering. The students benefit from doing case studies in the classroom, interning at high-tech startup companies, and meeting with senior-level mentors from those companies in the industry. Stanford University At Stanford University, the Mayfield Fellows Program (MFP) offers an unparalleled opportunity for students to develop theoretical understanding, practical knowledge and leadership skills needed for starting and growing technology companies. Each year 12 students are selected to participate in this nine-month program, combining a sequence of courses, mentoring and networking activities, and a paid internship at a Silicon Valley startup. The students enter a program that covers marketing, strategy, finance, ethics and leadership. The student Fellows are later introduced to various VC firms' portfolio companies for a summer internship. Alumni and Companies Founded Alex Gurevich (2005) - sayheyhey, ooma Armen Berjikly (2001) - Experience Project Ben Jun (1996) - Cryptography Ben Olding (1999) - txteagle Camille Hearst (2004) - Kit Chris Gory (1996) - Cryptography Clara Shih (2004) - Hearsay Labs Dave Merrill (2001) - Sifteo Eileen Long (1998) - FairSoftware Graham Miller (1998) - Marketcetera Guha Jayachandran (2003) - Cruxlux Jeff Seibert (2007) - Increo, Crashlytics Jonah Greenberger (2008) - Bright Jonathan Berger (2004) - Maroon Labs Josh McFarland (1999) - TellApart Josh Reeves (2005) - Gusto Josh Schwartzapel (2007) - Cooliris Justin Rosenstein (2003) - Asana Justin Smith (2003) - Prophetic Media Kelly Bayer Rosmarin (1998) - CustomInsight Kevin Systrom (2005) - burbn/Instagram Kit Rogers (1996) - Cryptography Mark Shaw (1997) - Guidewire Software, Strava Melissa Miao (2001) - CMP Healthcare Mike Krieger (2007) - burbn/Instagram Nathan Eagle (1999) - NDM Labs Nolan Glantz (1996) - Cithaeron Partners/The Cantor Exchange Ping Wang (2001) - VAE Corporation Scott Bowie (1998) - Zao Technology Innovators Scott Kleper (1999) - Context Optional Steve Garrity (2004) - Hearsay Labs Tristan Harris (2006) - Apture Vivian Chiang (1998) - Orbit Baby Yael Pasternak (1998) - MayasMom References External links Mayfield Fellows Program at Stanford Mayfield Fellows Program at Berkeley [http://www.inc.com/magazine/20110401/best-courses-2011-mayfield-fellows-at-stanford-university.html Inc Magazine - Best Courses 2011 Mayfield Fellows Providing students with a front-row seat to all the drama that Silicon Valley has to offer] Quora Mayfield Fellows Category:United States educational programs

Pristine mustached bat The pristine mustached bat (Pteronotus (Phyllodia) pristinus) is an extinct Late Quaternary species of bat in the endemic Neotropical family Mormoopidae. It was distributed in Cuba and possibly Florida (United States). Distribution This bat is known only from subfossils. It was described from Late Quaternary cave deposits in Cuba (Las Villas Province, Trinidad, Cueva de los Masones) and found also in Rancholabrean cave deposits in southern Florida (Monkey Jungle Hammock). Florida specimens (two mandibles) were only tentatively referred to Pteronotus cf. P. pristinus, because they could not be directly compared with the Cuban material (several skulls, postcranial elements), but they may represent P. pristinus. This is the only occurrence of Pteronotus in the United States, fossil or recent. Cuba is the most likely source for West Indian bats in Florida. Extinction In Florida, the pristine mustached bat became locally extinct at the end of the Pleistocene, what probably resulted from the rise in sea level, the subsequent flooding of caves and loss of roosting sites. The sea level in Florida was as much as 100 m lower in late Pleistocene, as well water tables, and cave systems in Monkey Jungle Hammock, Cutler Hammock and Rock Springs were dry. But during the latest Pleistocene the rising sea level caused flooding of these cave systems and destroyed a hot and humid microclimate of so-called hot caves. Currently two first of them are sediment-filled sinkholes few meters above sea level, third one is submerged. In these three sites in southern peninsula, the sea level stand change presumably was also reason of extirpation of another tropical cave-dwelling bat in the Neotropical family Mormoopidae (extralimital ghost-faced bat Mormoops megalophylla) and one North American species (southeastern myotis Myotis austroriparius) as well. The fourth species - big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus) became rare in Florida caves. Such a pattern of extinction or extirpation is known also from many small islands in West Indies (Bahamas, Cayman Islands, Lesser Antilles). Notes References External links Murciélago: Pteronotus pristinus Category:Pteronotus Category:Pleistocene extinctions Category:Bats of North America Category:Bats of Central America Category:Bats of the United States Category:Mammals of Cuba Category:Mammals described in 1974

Oumy Ndour Oumy Ndour (born 1980) is a filmmaker and journalist from Senegal. She is the co-founder of Ladies Club, an online community and networking platform for women. Early life and education Ndour was born in Thiès. In 1998 she graduated from the l'Ecole de Bibliothécaires, Archivistes et Documentalistes (EBAD) at Cheikh Anta Diop University. In 2002 she continued her studies at the same university in the Centre d'études des sciences et techniques de l'information (CESTI), with a focus on television and graduating in 2002. Ndour then moved to Montreal and attended The Conservatoire Lassalle, earning a diploma in video in 2004. Career Upon Ndour's move to Montreal, she worked at the non-profit, Vues d'Afrique, on their film festival while studying. Then, after earning her degree, she directed her first documentary in 2007, "Njakhass (Patchwork)," a documentary about the Baye Fall, a Senegalese Muslim sect, which was featured in several festivals. In 2008 she joined Senegal's public television news station, Radio Televesion Senegal (RTS). As a news anchor for RTS she reported breaking news and Senegalese culture for their Culture and Society department. She chose to wear a hijab on television and was a member of Collective Muslima, an activist group against stigmatization of veiled women, making them more visible citizens of society. In 2010 she began leading the cinema segment on RTS's morning show, Kenkelibaa. She has been a juror for film festivals such as the International Women's Film Festival of Salé in 2011 and the Mediterranean Short Film Festival of Tangier in 2012 with fellow jurors, Isabelle Boni-Claverie and Safinez Bousbia. After leaving RTS she co-founded Ladies Club in April 2016 with Mame Codou Dieng Cissé. Ladies Club network is a platform for women only to discuss and network, to enable women to talk about issues affecting them, to find solidarity amongst other women, and to provide community and help for women in need. The network offers monthly meetings, entrepreneurial training workshops, and help finding work, housing and healthcare. References External links Ladies Club Senegal Category:Living people Category:1980 births Category:People from Dakar Category:Senegalese film directors Category:Senegalese journalists

Party lists for the 2019 South African election This article displays the various political parties' party candidate lists for the 2019 South African general election. The National Assembly of South Africa is elected every five years by party-list proportional representation using closed lists. Breakdown Of the 400 Members of the National Assembly, 200 are elected on a national list, while another 200 are allocated among the nine provinces. African National Congress National 1. Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa 2. David Dabede Mabuza 3. Samson Gwede Mantashe4. Nkosazana Clarice Dlamini-Zuma 5. Ronald Ozzy Lamola6. Fikile April Mbalula 7. Lindiwe Nonceba Sisulu8. Zwelini Lawrence Mkhize 9. Bhekokwakhe Hamilton Cele10. Nomvula Paula Mokonyane 11. Grace Naledi Mandisa Pandor12. Angela Thokozile Didiza 13. Edward Senzo Mchunu 14. Bathabile Olive Dlamini15. Bonginkosi Emmanuel Nzimande 16. Emmanuel Nkosinathi Mthethwa17. Matsie Angelina Motshekga18. Lindiwe Daphne Zulu 19. David Masondo20. Thandi Ruth Modise21. Mkhacani Joseph Maswanganyi 22. Tito Titus Mboweni23. Knowledge Malusi Nkanyezi Gigaba 24. Jackson Mphikwa Mthembu 25. Pakishe Aaron Motsoaledi26. Kgwaridi Buti Manamela 27. Stella Tembisa Ndabeni-Abrahams28. Mbangiseni David Mahlobo 29. Dipuo Bertha Letsatsi-Duba30. Tokozile Xasa 31. Ncediso Goodenough Kodwa32. Jeffrey Thamsanqa Radebe 33. Nocawe Noncedo Mafu34. Nosiviwe Noluthando Mapisa-Nqakula 35. Maite Emily Nkoana-Mashabane 36. Cassel Charlie Mathale37. Ayanda Dlodlo 38. Mildred Nelisiwe Oliphant39. Godfrey Phumulo Masualle 40. Pemmy Castelina Pamela Majodina41. Bongani Thomas Bongo 42. Noxolo Kiviet43. Mmamoloko Tryphosa Kubayi-Ngubane 44. Baleka Mbete45. Mondli Gungubele 46. Sidumo Mbongeni Dlamini47. Mokone Collen Maine 48. Pinky Sharon Kekana49. Tandi Mahambehlala 50. Mathume Joseph Phaahla51. Violet Sizani Siwela 52. Fikile Devilliers Xasa53. Barbara Dallas Creecy 54. Siyabonga Cyprian Cwele55. Rhulani Thembi Siweya 56. Alvin Botes57. Makgabo Reginah Mhaule 58. Supra Obakeng Ramoeletsi Mahumapelo59. Phindisile Pretty Xaba-Ntshaba 60. Thembelani Waltermade Thulas Nxesi61. Nomaindiya Cathleen Mfeketo 62. Boitumelo Elizabeth Moloi63. Susan Shabangu 64. Kopeng Obed Bapela65. Desmond Lawrence Moela 66. Kwati Candith Mashego-Dlamini67. Bekizwe Simon Nkosi 68. Hlengiwe Buhle Mkhize69. Terence Skhumbuzo Mpanza 70. Pamela Tshwete71. Tyotyo Hubert James 72. Bongiwe Pricilla Mbinqo-Gigaba73. Pravin Jamnadas Gordhan 74. Tina Monica Joemat-Pettersson75. Mosebenzi Joseph Zwane 76. Sylvia Elizabeth Lucas77. Sango Patekile Holomisa 78. Gratitude Magwanishe79. Azwihangwisi Faith Muthambi 80. Amos Fish Mahlalela81. Makhotso Magdeline Sotyu 82. Zwelivelile Mandlesizwe Dalibhunga Mandela83. Beauty Nomvuzo Dlulane 84. Nomasonto Evelyn Motaung85. Mcebisi Skwatsha 86. Nomadewuka Nancy Sihlwayi87. Mmatlala Grace Boroto 88. Machwene Rosina Semenya89. Sibongile Jeremia Besani 90. Phillip Matsapole Pogiso Modise91. Claudia Nonhlanhla Ndaba 92. Elizabeth Dipuo Peters93. Fikile Zachariah Majola 94. Lydia Sindisiwe Chikunga95. Derek André Hanekom 96. Moleboheng Modise97. Khumbudzo Phophi Silence Ntshavheni 98. Sahlulele Luzipo99. Dikeledi Phillistus Magadzi 100. Mathole Serofo Motshekga101. Nompendulo Thobile Mkhatshwa 102. Jane Seboletswe Mananiso103. Phoebe Noxolo Abraham 104. Solomon Lechesa Tsenoli105. Rachel Cecilia Adams 106. Mxolisa Simon Sokatsha107. Mikateko Golden Mahlaule 108. Thabo Nelson Mmutle 109. Rosemary Nokuzola Capa 110. Sampson Phathakge Makwetla 111. Nombulelo Lilian Hermans 112. Manketsi Mamoabi Emily Tlhape 113. Judy Hermans 114. Fikile Andiswa Masiko 115. Norbert Sfiso Buthelezi 116. Tshoganetso Mpho Adolphina Tongwane 117. Andries Carl Nel 118. Alexandra Jennifer Beukes 119. Emmanuel Ramaotoana Kebby Maphatsoe 120. Zanele Nkomo 121. Wilma Susan Newhoudt-Druchen 122. Matthews Johannes Wolmarans 123. Sharome Renay Van Schalkwyk 124. Senzeni Zokwana 125. Constance Seoposengwe 126. Loyiso Khanyisa Bunye Mpumlwana 127. Kavilan Brandon Pillay 128. Patrick Errol Flusk 129. Keamogetsi Elizabeth Mabebe 130. Xiaomei Havard 131. Tshililo Michael Masutha 132. Gobonamang Prudence Marekwa 133. Zoliswa Albertina Kota-Mpeko 134. Magdalene Louisa Pietersen 135. Nhlanhla Vincent Xaba 136. Jeanine Nothnagel 137. Ebrahim Patel 138. Duduzile Promise Manana 139. Humphrey Mdumzeli Zondelele Mmemezi 140. Nokwanje Selina Leeto 141. Motalane Dewet Monakedi 142. Phori Angeline Phetlhe 143. Hendrietta Ipeleng Bogopane-Zulu 144. Mzameni Richard Mdakane 145. Johlene Christine Ntwane 146. Madala Backson Masuku 147. Nozipho Paulina Tyobeka-Makeke 148. Yunus Ismail Carrim 149. Nuraan Muller 150. Sharon Mahlatse Karabo Nkosi 151. Eunice Mosele Mathe 152. Khusela Lwandlekazi Nobatembu Sangoni 153. Benedict Anthony Duke Martins 154. Hlomane Patrick Chauke 155. Elsie Xabendlini 156. Andrihetha Juliana Jacobs 157. Ramphelane Johnny Bophelo Mohlala 158. Anna Aletta Witbooi 159. Letsiri George Phaahla 160. Nomaswazi Phyllis Mohlala 161. Kgothatso Fortune Mathabathe 162. Nkhobo Khomongoe 163. Yusuf Joseph Mahommed 164. Motseoa Julia Sehanka 165. Winnifred Nongazi Ngobeza 166. Comely Humphrey Maqocwa Maxegwana 167. Mlondolozi Archbald Mkhize 168. Simthembile Kulu 169. Felicity Thobeka Mthintelwa 170. Ngoako Abel Ramatlhodi 171. Tuelo Ernest Meyers 172. Itumeleng Ntsube 173. Bongani Michael Mkongi 174. Irvin Bafana Sibisi 175. Nozabelo Ruth Bhengu 176. Makaringe Richard Baloyi 177. Thabitha Mohlala 178. Theolonuis Nat Nathan Oliphant 179. Moipone Khero Mhlongo 180. Khavhareni Aarone Mahumani 181. Brendaline Nomalanga Tyhaliti 182. Dikgang Vhuru Moiloa 183. Khadi Mary Makubu Moloi 184. Mmaneo Onicca Moloi 185. Ramasela Idah Mashamaite 186. Tsietsi Simon Setona 187. Nomfunelo Rose-Mary Mabedla 188. Edward Zoyisile Njadu 189. Nkagisang Gloria Ngesi 190. Luzuko Bashman 191. Xolani Ronald Sotashe 192. Sibongile Mchunu 193. Thandiwe Gloria Mpondo 194. Eric Nyekemba 195. Martin Thomas Bezuidenhoudt 196. Tsakani Goodness Shiviti 197. Bongani Luvalo 198. Francois Beukman 199. Thandile Babalwa Sunduza Eastern Cape 1. Pumza Patricia Dyantyi 2. Nolitha Ntobongwana3. Ndumiso Capa 4. Zukisa Cheryl Faku5. Sakhumzi Stoffels Somyo 6. Mary-Ann Lindelwa Dunjwa7. Xola Nqola 8. Priscilla Tozama Mantashe9. Nqabisa Gantsho 10. Gordon Gcinikhaya Mpumza11. Nokuzola Gladys Tolashe 12. Mncedisi Nontsele13. Zamuxolo Joseph Peter 14. Cedric Thomas Frolick15. Busisiwe Tshwete 16. Nonkosi Queenie Mvana17. Zola Mlenzana 18. Sheilla Tembalam Xego 19. Princess Faku 20. Phumeza Theodora Mpushe 21. Dingaan Jacob Myolwa 22. Zolile Burns-Ncamashe 23. Nomfundo Mabunu 24. Philip Sisimone Rakaibe 25. Mason Mac Kay Free State 1. Madala Louis David Ntombela 2. Bhekizizwe Abram Radebe3. Thanduxolo David Khalipha 4. Nomsa Josephina Kubheka5. Kathleen Dibolelo Mahlatsi 6. Xolisile Shinars Qayiso7. Dikeledi Rosemary Direko 8. Lawrence Edward Mc Donald 9. Sindiswa Thelmonia Maneli 10. Makhwenkwe Melton Fikizolo 11. Majohanna Doreen Mthombeni Gauteng 1. Tshilidzi Bethuel Munyai 2. Bertha Peace Mabe3. Boyce Makhosonke Maneli 4. Judith Tshabalala5. Teliswa Mgweba 6. Mfana Robert Mashego7. Jacqueline Motlagomang Mofokeng 8. Matshidiso Melina Gomba9. Simphiwe Gcwele Nomvula Mbatha 10. Anthony Hope Mankwana Papo11. Oscar Masarona Mathafa 12. Maidi Dorothy Mabiletsa13. Anastasia Motaung 14. Walter Tebogo Letsie15. Nomathemba Hendrietta Maseko-Jele 16. Duma Moses Nkosi17. Bernice Swarts 18. Thlologelo Malatji19. Moloko Maggie Tlou 20. Lisa Nkosinathi Mangcu21. Makgathatso Charlotte Chana Pilane-Majake 22. Heinrich Giovanni April23. Annah Gela 24. Mohatla Alfred Tseki25. Gerhardus Willem Koornhof 26. Bafuze Sicelo Yabo 27. Anthea Ramolobeng 28. Cristopher Nakampe Malematja 29. Xolani Nkuleko Msimango 30. Matshidiso Morwa Annastinah Mfikoe 31. Sello Meshack Maetso 32. Kate Sibongile Msibi 33. Nkosiyakhe Amos Masondo 34. Nonceba Agnes Molwele 35. Thabani Tholinhlanhla Luhlongwane 36. Nomathemba Celiwe Khanyile 37. Sipho Alexandra Mkhize 38. Amalia Leanette Fisher 39. Mxolisi Eric Xayiya 40. Deborah Dineo Raphuti 41. Sello Albert Tleane 42. Ismail Vadi 43. Dikeledi Rebecca Tsotetsi 44. Bennett Mlamli Nikani 45. Velhelmina Pulani Mogotsi 46. Ian Mzoxolo Nonkumbi 47. Inathi Mirranda Mbiyo 48. Sello Ernest Pitso KwaZulu-Natal 1. Vusumuzi Cyril Xaba 2. Sibongiseni Maxwell Dhlomo3. Nomalungelo Gina 4. Thembeka Vuyisile Buyisile Mchunu5. Njabulo Bheka Nzuza 6. Nomvuzo Francisca Shabalala7. Dorah Dunana Dlamini 8. Audrey Sbongile Zuma9. Duduzile Patricia Sibiya 10. Sibusiso Welcome Mdabe11. Eric Makhosini Nkosi 12. Jabulile Cynthia Nightingale Mkhwanazi13. Bavelile Gloria Hlongwa 14. Lizzie Fikelephi Shabalala15. Mervyn Alexander Dirks 16. Beauty Thulani Zibula17. Alice Hlebani Mthembu 18. Nobuhle Pamela Nkabane19. Ernest Thokozani Myeni 20. Regina Mina Mpontseng Lesoma21. Makhoni Maria Ntuli 22. Sibusiso Nigel Gumede23. Thandiwe Rose Marry Zungu 24. John Harold Jeffery 25. Lindiwe Ntombikayise Mjobo 26. Sibongile Mchunu 27. Fikile Eunice Khumalo 28. Nkosinathi Emmanuel Dlamini 29. Khulani Elphas Richard Hadebe 30. Simphiwe Donatus Bekwa 31. Ian Thina Ngubane 32. Nokuthula Yolenda Young 33. Zanele Isabella Hlatshwayo 34. Mosie Antony Cele 35. Winile Prudence Zondi 36. Lindokuhle Welcome Sabelo Ngubane 37. Regina Lindiwe Mjwara 38. Important Samson Mkhize 39. Phindile Gladys Strydom 40. Diana Gloria Hoorzuk 41. Nkosinathi Phiwayinkosi Nhleko Limpopo 1. Nkhensani Kate Bilankulu 2. Jacob Boy Mamabolo3. Masefako Clarah Dikgale 4. Tshilidzi Thomas Gumbu5. John Hlengani Bilankulu 6. Raesibe Martha Moatshe7. Carol Mokgadi Phiri 8. Patamedi Ronald Moroatshehla9. Matodzi Mirriam Ramadwa 10. Mosa Steve Chabane11. Marubini Lourane Lubengo 12. Albert Mammoga Seabi13. Boitumelo Maluleke 14. Nhlagongwe Patricia Mahlo15. Jerome Joseph Maake 16. Gumani Tania Mukwevho 17. Madipoane Refiloe Moremadi Mothapo 18. Mankwana Christinah Mohale 19. Mantile Judy Mphelane Mpumalanga 1. Gijimani Jim Skosana2. Timothy Victor Mashele 3. Elvis Kholwana Siwela4. Grace Kekulu Tseke 5. Lusizo Sharon Makhubela-Mashele6. Thabile Sylvia Masondo 7. Valentia Thokozile Malinga8. Simanga Happy Mbuyane 9. Altia Sthembile Hlongo10. Elphus Fani Mathebula 11. Dorries Eunice Dlakude12. Vuyisile Promise Malomane 13. Magretha Veldman 14. Leah Martha Mabuza 15. Papana Jacob Phala North West 1. Itiseng Kenneth Morolong2. Mohlopi Phillemon Mapulane 3. Nombuyiselo Gladys Adoons4. Jane Manganye 5. Lesiba Ezekiel Molala6. Tidimalo Innocentia Legwase 7. Mathedi Asnath Molekwa8. Keitumetse Bridgette Tlhomelang 9. Sibusiso Macdonald Kula 10. Gabriel Nare Nkgweng 11. Fikile Caswell Mahlophe 12. Moithoesi Rosy Dassie 13. Thamsanqa Simon China Dodovu Northern Cape 1. Mirriam Thenjiwe Kibi 2. Dikgang Mathews Stock3. Ntaoleng Patricia Peacock 4. Moses Lebona Moalosi 5. Kenalemang Eunice Bojosi Western Cape 1. Hisamodien Mohamed2. Faiez Jacobs 3. Khayalethu Elvis Magaxa4. Qubudile Richard Dyantyi 5. Kenneth Leonard Jacobs6. Bheki Mathews Hadebe 7. Siphokuhle Patrein 8. Maurencia Natalie Gillion 9. Linda Nellie Moss 10. Sharon Winona Davids 11. Ellen Prins 12. Tozama Nomsa Bevu 13. Andrew Frans Madella 14. Ronalda Schivonne Nalumango 15. Mcebisi Livingstone Mnconywa 16. Mathilda Michelle Bains 17. Jonton Snyman 18. Zoleka Iris Moon 19. Thembinkosi Bethwell Tebele 20. Mandisa Octovia Matshoba 21. Victor Nkosinathi Mfusi 22. Ntombende Joselinah Landingwe 23. John Williams Schuurman Democratic Alliance National 1. Mmusi Aloysias Maimane (Leader of the Opposition)2. Willem Frederik Faber 3. Evelyn Rayne Wilson4. Joseph Job Mc Gluwa 5. Hendrik Christiaan Crafford Krüger6. Semakaleng Patricia Kopane 7. Andrew Grant Whitfield8. John Henry Steenhuisen 9. Geordin Gwyn Hill-Lewis10. Thomas Charles Ravenscroft Walters 11. Natasha Wendy Anita Mazzone12. Mimmy Martha Gondwe 13. Haseenabanu Ismail14. Erik Johannes Marais 15. Luyolo Mphithi16. Nceba Ephraim Hinana 17. Michael Waters18. Phumzile Thelma Karlsen 19. Mergan Chetty20. Noko Phineas Masipa 21. Glynnis Breytenbach22. James Selfe 23. Gwen Sinethemba Amanda Ngwenya24. Thandeka Moloko Mbabama 25. Denis Joseph26. Gregory Rudy Krumbock 27. Ashor Nick Sarupen28. Michael John Cardo 29. Jacques Warren William Julius30. Maliyakhe Lymon Shelembe 31. Kevin John Mileham32. Siviwe Gwarube 33. Cilliers Brink34. Dianne Kohler 35. Christian Hans Heinrich Hunsinger36. Thamsanqa Bhekokwakhe Mabhena 37. Veronica Van Dyk38. Mmoba Solomon Malatsi 39. Leonard Jones Basson40. Mandlenkosi Sicelo Mabika 41. Annerie Maria Magdalena Weber42. Nomsa Innocencia Tarabella Marchesi 43. Chantel Valencia King 44. Mohammed Haniff Hoosen 45. Michéle Odette Clarke 46. Tandi Gloria Mpambo-Sibhukwana 47. Gertson Dipolelo Kameta 48. Anele Mngadi 49. Dirk Jan Stubbe 50. Désirée Van Der Walt 51. Cheryl Phillips 52. Thembisile Angel Khanyile 53. Annelie Lotriet 54. Baxolile Babongile Nodada 55. Hlanganani Siphelele Gumbi 56. Ghaleb Kaene Yusuf Cachalia 57. Sarel Jacobus Francois Marais 58. Bridget Staff Masango 59. Ockert Stefanus Terblanche 60. Mathew John Cuthbert 61. David William Bryant 62. Nazley Khan Sharif 63. Dirk Kotzé 64. Evert Phillipus Du Plessis 65. Nicholas Georg Myburgh 66. Cameron Mackenzie 67. Pieter Van Dalen 68. Darren Bergman 69. Jessica Elizabeth Shelver 70. Dean William Macpherson 71. Madeleine Bertine Hicklin 72. Chumani Kobeni 73. James Robert Bourne Lorimer 74. Cayla Ann Tomšs Murray 75. Belinda Van Onselen 76. Hannah Shameema Winkler 77. Samantha Jane Graham 78. Phindile Maxiti 79. Stevens Mokgalapa 80. Conrad James Poole 81. Michael Stephen Shackleton 82. Sibongiseni Ngcobo 83. Adrian Christopher Roos 84. Cathlene Labuschagne 85. Annette Steyn 86. Manuel Simþo Franca De Freitas 87. Katherine Alexandra Christie 88. Robert Alfred Lees 89. Tsepo Winston Mhlongo 90. Peter George Helfrich 91. Dennis Richard Ryder 92. Mario André Wessels 93. Leander Kruger 94. Santosh Vinita Kalyan 95. Wildri Dennis Peach 96. Catharina Susanna Abell 97. Werner Horn 98. Hendrik Cornelus Schmidt 99. Brendan Van Der Merwe 100. Kishore Badal 101. Craig Robert Winston Millar 102. Sandile Sydney Booysen 103. Ross Kriel Purdon 104. Caleb Edward Finn 105. Linda Landu 106. Tania Lynette Campbell 107. Farhat Essack 108. Rainey Thamie Hugo 109. Yao-Heng Sun 110. Edwin Victor Baptie 111. Nicolaas Salmon Louw 112. Gerhard Jacobus Niemand 113. Malcolm John Figg 114. George Michalakis 115. Fabian Kevin Ah-Sing 116. Nonhlanhla Sifumba 117. André Beetge 118. Natashya Kristanna Pillay 119. Malanie Haggard 120. Isaac Sello Seitlholo 121. Bongani Nkomo 122. Imelda Joan Beswick 123. Terri Stander 124. Shane Maas 125. Pieter Adriaan Rautenbach 126. Bradley Singh 127. Tsholofelo Katlego Motshidi 128. Vuyokazi Matanzima 129. Martin Anton Louw 130. Arlene Adams 131. Sithembiso Ngema 132. Ciska Jordaan 133. Nhuyani Edward Nxangani 134. Tandeka Gqada 135. Renaldo Gouws 136. Mbulelo Richmond Bara 137. Mariette Pittaway 138. Archibold Mzuvukile Figlan 139. Dikeledi Selowa 140. Christiaan Frederik Beyers Smit 141. Thulani Dasa 142. Sibusiso Raymond Nkosi 143. Roger William Tobias Chance 144. Ncumisa Gloria Mahangu 145. Elmarie Linde 146. Samantha Beynon 147. Johanna Steenkamp 148. Sumaya Taliep 149. Nicola Susanna Du Plessis 150. Xolani Fikani Khubisa 151. Fazloodien Abrahams 152. Alan Ross Mcloughlin 153. Delmaine Chesley Christians 154. Aletta Theron 155. Stefanie Ueckermann 156. Leon Vusumzi Magwebu 157. Selby Nhlanhla Lucky Mshengu 158. Saliem Abersalie 159. Sebate Golden Maduana 160. Malcolm Tau Maifala 161. Daylin Gary Mitchell 162. David Christie Ross 163. Victor Penning 164. Beverley Ann Schafer 165. Shara Singh 166. Naritha Naidu 167. Bruce Reid 168. David John Maynier 169. Xabiso Nicholas Nyati 170. Dady Simon Mollo 171. Deborah Anne Schäfer 172. Annacletah Veronicah Mabika 173. Tumelo Robert Ramongalo 174. Sharna Gail Fernandez 175. Marika Elizabeth Kruger Muller 176. Geoffrey Tshibvumo 177. Deidré Maudelene Baartman 178. Dharmesh Manilal Dhaya 179. Leah Ruth Potgieter 180. Modisaotsile Lesley Mothibi 181. Isaac Mbulelo Sileku 182. Lehlohonolo Selby Thekiso 183. Syabonga Sizwe Snethemba Msweli 184. Johan Jaco Londt 185. Mpho Louisa Phalatse 186. Thapelo David Masoeu 187. Andricus Pieter Van Der Westhuizen 188. Edward Khululekile Von Bodenstein 189. Jerome Sibongiseni Majola 190. Mbulelo Nguta 191. Stanton Darell Booys 192. Garry Ramaru 193. Willem Abraham Stephanus Aucamp 194. Fanyana Fanie Nkosi 195. Ken Peter Robertson 196. Ntombi Valencia Khumalo 197. Michelle Bernadette Johnson 198. Veroncia Tselane Maseloane 199. Cleopatra Ntombikayise Radebe 200. Elsabé Oosthuysen Eastern Cape 1. Chantel Valencia King2. Baxolile Babongile Nodada 3. Samantha Jane Graham4. Annette Steyn 5. Leander Kruger 6. Ross Kriel Purdon 7. Malcolm John Figg 8. Terri Stander 9. Renaldo Gouws 10. Samantha Beynon 11. Leon Vusumzi Magwebu 12. Xabiso Nicholas Nyati 13. Dharmesh Manilal Dhaya 14. Mbulelo Nguta 15. Angela Peta Jones 16. Wanda Mhobo 17. Hlomela Bucwa 18. Zamekile Ndabankulu 19. Yusuf Cassim 20. Retief Odendaal 21. Jacobus Petrus Johannes Botha 22. Marshall Roberto Von Buchenroder 23. Mlindi Advent Nhanha 24. Anna Maria Du Plessis 25. Rano Conrad Kayser 26. Tommy Faltain 27. Estelle Dell 28. Louisa Stella Cilliers 29. Armand Saunders 30. Lee-Ann Ntombenhle Sheltox 31. Elmarie Estie Botha 32. Dominic Christo Prince 33. Rajeshree Ambaram 34. Vianca Swart 35. Wessel Johannes Oosthuizen 36. Mishkah Leppan 37. Bredine Share 38. Lauren Valentine 39. Lize Marié Van Onselen 40. Cathrine Willemse 41. Wanda Grové 42. Tenille Kelly-Anne Booth 43. Sakhekile Tukani 44. Karla Terblanche 45. Noxolo Bebeza 46. Nolwazimarry-Ann Dolo 47. Coenraad André Swart Free State 1. Annelie Lotriet2. Werner Horn 3. George Michalakis 4. Mariette Pittaway 5. David Christie Ross 6. Thapelo David Masoeu 7. Benhardus Jacobus Viviers 8. Igor Stefan Scheurkogel 9. Richard Anthony Chemaly 10. Phillip Arthur Maasdorp 11. Roy Jankielsohn 12. Karabo Lerato Khakhau 13. Kabelo Christopher Moreeng 14. Lerato Stefni Julia Tsolo 15. Morgan Lloyd Davies 16. Tsebo Edmor Majoro 17. Geran Roderick Summersgill 18. Sidney Edwin Leech 19. Pogisho Patrick Mholo 20. Jonas Moeketsi Makhema Gauteng 1. Michéle Odette Clarke2. Ghaleb Kaene Yusuf Cachalia 3. Bridget Staff Masango4. Mathew John Cuthbert 5. Nazley Khan Sharif6. Evert Phillipus Du Plessis 7. Cameron Mackenzie8. Darren Bergman 9. Madeleine Bertine Hicklin10. James Robert Bourne Lorimer 11. Belinda Van Onselen12. Stevens Mokgalapa 13. Michael Stephen Shackleton 14. Adrian Christopher Roos 15. Manuel Simþo Franca De Freitas 16. Tsepo Winston Mhlongo 17. Dennis Richard Ryder 18. Wildri Dennis Peach 19. Hendrik Cornelus Schmidt 20. Kishore Badal 21. Caleb Edward Finn 22. Tania Lynette Campbell 23. Yao-Heng Sun 24. Gerhard Jacobus Niemand 25. Nonhlanhla Sifumba 26. Malanie Haggard 27. Bongani Nkomo 28. Shane Maas 29. Tsholofelo Katlego Motshidi 30. Martin Anton Louw 31. Nhuyani Edward Nxangani 32. Mbulelo Richmond Bara 33. Dikeledi Selowa 34. Roger William Tobias Chance 35. Elmarie Linde 36. Nicola Susanna Du Plessis 37. Alan Ross Mcloughlin 38. Stefanie Ueckermann 39. Sebate Golden Maduana 40. Malcolm Tau Maifala 41. Victor Penning 42. Bruce Reid 43. Dady Simon Mollo 44. Tumelo Robert Ramongalo 45. Marika Elizabeth Kruger Muller 46. Leah Ruth Potgieter 47. Lehlohonolo Selby Thekiso 48. Mpho Louisa Phalatse 49. Edward Khululekile Von Bodenstein 50. Garry Ramaru 51. Fanyana Fanie Nkosi 52. Ntombi Valencia Khumalo 53. Cleopatra Ntombikayise Radebe 54. Wendy Robyn Alexander 55. Sanelisiwe Sinethemba Zonke 56. Niranjenie Naggan 57. Mpho Malethakwe Mehlape-Zimu 58. Mabihana Shadrack Mkhonto 59. Florence Cheryl Roberts 60. Mokete Ishmael Motsamai 61. Nkosi Duncan Mthembu 62. Moses Nhlanhla Ntimane 63. Sylvester Tennyson Theophilus Phokoje 64. Sharon Govindasamy 65. Brendan James Levin 66. Richard Khumalo 67. Sean Kreusch 68. Peter Deon Rafferty 69. Katlego Godwill Makgaleng 70. Wayne Robert Moodaley 71. Zakhele Koos Hlabathi 72. Agatha Wilhelmina Cilliers 73. Janho Engelbrecht 74. Frederik Petrus Nel 75. Mervyn Hyman Cirota 76. Crezane Bosch 77. Katherine Louise Lorimer 78. Alan Joseph Fuchs 79. Lebogang Ludwig More 80. Nkele Molapo 81. Farrah Naidoo 82. Blanche Medalle Griffiths 83. Ashleigh Helen Le-Anne Tyler 84. Molapi Ashleigh Mamabolo 85. Goitseona Evans Bosman KwaZulu-Natal 1. Mohammed Haniff Hoosen2. Hlanganani Siphelele Gumbi 3. Dean William Macpherson4. Hannah Shameema Winkler 5. Sibongiseni Ngcobo6. Robert Alfred Lees 7. Santosh Vinita Kalyan 8. Craig Robert Winston Millar 9. Edwin Victor Baptie 10. André Beetge 11. Bradley Singh 12. Sithembiso Ngema 13. Sibusiso Raymond Nkosi 14. Xolani Fikani Khubisa 15. Selby Nhlanhla Lucky Mshengu 16. Shara Singh 17. Annacletah Veronicah Mabika 18. Syabonga Sizwe Snethemba Msweli 19. Jerome Sibongiseni Majola 20. Veroncia Tselane Maseloane 21. Thomas Zwelakhe Hadebe 22. Mbali Ntuli 23. Rishigen Viranna 24. Imran Keeka 25. Timothy James Brauteseth 26. Christopher John Pappas 27. Heinz Ulrik De Boer 28. Autrina Nomathemba Phungula 29. Mohammed Rafeek Sayedali Shah 30. Douglas Rawlins 31. Hlengiwe Precious Shozi 32. Siphesihle Lwandile Magubane 33. Shaun Ryley 34. Craig Dean Hargreaves 35. Lindokuhle Sphiwe Mntambo 36. Mzamo Billy 37. Sathasivan Govender 38. Michael John Wensley 39. Themba Abram Hlatshwako 40. Leonard Mlungisi Rector Ngcobo 41. Deandré François De Bruin 42. Jacobus Christiaan Theron 43. Sahajana Naidoo 44. Sharon Ann Buys 45. Samier Singh 46. Khonzi Edith Ndlovu-Nkosi 47. Issabel Alta De Kock 48. Solomon Momoti 49. Riona Gokool 50. Geoffrey Keith Wystan Embling 51. Thulani Sidwel Myeni 52. Jennifer Meriel Davies-Black 53. Nomalanga Hlengiwe Tembe 54. Carl Malcolm Trenor 55. Msawenkosi Patrick Mfeka 56. Nagesh Deenanath 57. Anthony Robert Waldhausen 58. Elliot Xaba 59. Romanius Bhekuyise Zulu 60. Serena Jacob 61. Christopher Stephen Laubscher 62. Philisiwe Priscilla Sefatsa 63. Mbali Nondumiso Mkhize 64. Michele Luan Poobalan 65. Evon Pillay 66. Nosicelo Pretty Madiya 67. Shamaladevi Ramdhunee 68. Wade Gareth Delagey 69. Zoë Adele Moore 70. Sanelisiwe Pretty Chebure 71. Sihle Shozi 72. Keletso Keotshepile Kekgonne Mmantwaagae Madisakwane 73. Lungelo Thembelihle Mthethwa 74. Xoliswa Mdlazi 75. Nduduzo Siphamandla Ngcobo 76. Nkanyiso Alpheus Ndlovu 77. Ningi Joyce Mdlazi 78. Liezel Fourie Limpopo 1. Désirée Van Der Walt 2. Christiaan Frederik Beyers Smit 3. Geoffrey Tshibvumo 4. Willem Nicolaas Saaiman Oosthuizen 5. Solomon Masehlele Maila 6. Hermanus Frans Marx 7. Mbhazima Pule Thomas Maluleke 8. Maria Aletta Helm 9. Phindile Hani 10. Kgotola Charles Khotsa 11. Fani David Tsela 12. Isaac Thabo Makofane 13. Hasani Richard Shivambu 14. Renias Hlakanang Phale 15. Hercules Petrus Louw 16. Crester Mhangwana 17. Choloane David Matsepe 18. Katlego Suzan Phala 19. Risham Maharaj 20. Johannes Jacobus Abrie 21. Nyane Bessy Jones 22. Tiny Doraine Ramathabatha Chidi 23. Andro° Hendrina Botha 24. Bianca Mocke 25. Lesiba Stephen Manamela 26. Jacobus Frederik Smalle 27. Natachia Prinsloo 28. Nakedi William Maunatlala 29. Shoshana Kendra Slabbert 30. Damien Kennedy Naidu 31. Zachariah Tlou Ngwepe 32. Jacoba Adriana Pullen 33. Cornel Grundlingh 34. Jerry Mphahlele Baloyi 35. Suzan Maletjema Ngoasheng 36. Sirgiourney Leigh Vale Buys Mpumalanga 1. Thembisile Angel Khanyile 2. Farhat Essack 3. Ciska Jordaan 4. Naritha Naidu 5. Ken Peter Robertson 6. Daniel Foyoyo Maseko 7. Stephen Rudolf Schormann 8. Timothy Mark Denny 9. Willem Stephanus Davel 10. Johanna Luley Irene Brussow 11. Muso Ntokozo Kubheka 12. Hildegard Sonja Boshoff 13. Trudie Maria Johanna Grovä Morgan 14. Thembinkosi Justice Ngoma 15. Palesa Mobango 16. Sophia Mamy Mogola 17. Joseph Mthelekwa Sibanyoni 18. Dumisani Oupa Kubheka 19. Ndumiso Benedict Mgoza 20. Bongani Moses Dlamini 21. Emmanuel Matabane 22. Samukelo Matheu Hlatywayo 23. Bonisiwe Nonkululeko Kaletsana 24. Cedric Moses Soko 25. Thembisile Christinah Mokoena 26. Maledi Valantia Malekane 27. Sarbhera Amod-Leslie 28. Basani Sharon Rikhotso North West 1. Cheryl Phillips2. Isaac Sello Seitlholo 3. Johanna Steenkamp 4. Modisaotsile Lesley Mothibi 5. Jeanne Marguerite Adriaanse 6. Thabo Leonald Selepe 7. Luan Barend Snyders 8. Teko Klaas Melamu 9. Bejay Tulsee 10. Bafana Freddy Sonakile 11. Jacqueline Rachelle Theologo 12. Carin Visser 13. Mponeng Winston Rabotapi 14. Christiaan Johannes Bester 15. Christiaan Jacobus Steyl 16. Gertruida Jacoba Tullues 17. Tshepo Kabelo Thekiso 18. Stefan Terblanché 19. Mokgadi Idah Satikhe 20. Baitse Antronica Xheko 21. Puseletso Paulinah Mofokeng 22. Jan Johannes Keet 23. Batseba Nkele Mmeti 24. Tebogo Elizabeth Matthews Northern Cape 1. Gizella Opperman 2. Willem Frederik Faber 3. Veronica Van Dyk 4. Dirk Jan Stubbe 5. Delmaine Chesley Christians 6. Willem Abraham Stephanus Aucamp 7. Joseph Julius Witbooi 8. Moses Jakkals 9. Boitumelo Maxwell Babuseng 10. Gregory Allen Grootboom Western Cape 1. Eleanore Rochelle Jacquelene Spies 2. Benedicta Maria Van Minnen3. Alexandra Lilian Amelia Abrahams 4. Emma Powell5. Zakhele Njabulo Mbhele 6. Jan Naudé De Villiers7. Michael Bagraim 8. Leon Amos Schreiber9. Dion Travers George 10. Thembekile Richard Majola11. Tandi Gloria Mpambo-Sibhukwana 12. Sarel Jacobus Francois Marais13. Ockert Stefanus Terblanche 14. David William Bryant 15. Dirk Kotzé 16. Nicholas Georg Myburgh 17. Pieter Van Dalen 18. Jessica Elizabeth Shelver 19. Chumani Kobeni 20. Cayla Ann Tomšs Murray 21. Phindile Maxiti 22. Conrad James Poole 23. Cathlene Labuschagne 24. Katherine Alexandra Christie 25. Peter George Helfrich 26. Mario André Wessels 27. Catharina Susanna Abell 28. Brendan Van Der Merwe 29. Sandile Sydney Booysen 30. Linda Landu 31. Rainey Thamie Hugo 32. Nicolaas Salmon Louw 33. Fabian Kevin Ah-Sing 34. Natashya Kristanna Pillay 35. Imelda Joan Beswick 36. Pieter Adriaan Rautenbach 37. Vuyokazi Matanzima 38. Arlene Adams 39. Tandeka Gqada 40. Archibold Mzuvukile Figlan 41. Thulani Dasa 42. Ncumisa Gloria Mahangu 43. Sumaya Taliep 44. Fazloodien Abrahams 45. Aletta Theron 46. Saliem Abersalie Economic Freedom Fighters National 1. Julius Sello Malema2. Mogamad Nazier Paulsen 3. Ciliesta Catherine Shoana Motsepe4. Washington Tseko Isaac Mafanya 5. Mathibe Rebecca Mohlala6. Mothusi Kenneth Montwedi 7. Naledi Nokukhanya Chirwa8. Vuyani Pambo 9. Thembi Portia Msane10. Thokozani Makhosonke Langa 11. Lorato Florence Tito12. Thilivhali Elphus Mulaudzi 13. Delisile Blessing Ngwenya14. Khonziwe Ntokozo Fortunate Hlonyana 15. Brian Sindile Madlingozi16. Shirley Motshegoane Mokgotho 17. Dumisani Fannie Mthenjane18. Annacleta Mathapelo Siwisa 19. Makosini Mishack Chabangu20. Elsabe Natasha Ntlangwini 21. Henry Andries Shembeni 22. Rosina Ntshetsana Komane 23. Khanya Ceza 24. Laetitia Heloise Arries 25. Sibonakaliso Phillip Mhlongo 26. Nelly Zanele Masombuka 27. Thabiso Simon Mofokeng 28. Phiwaba Madokwe 29. Keobakile Phanuel Babuile 30. Nontuthuzelo Mtwa 31. William Malefo 32. Lungile Angel Gabuza 33. Erick Fieldin Masuku 34. Thelma Mogabolle Boshielo 35. Maketu Freddie Ramaphakela 36. Mandisa Sibongile Mashego 37. Mlamli Alfred Makhetha 38. Bikwaphi Gladys Nkosi 39. Kweletsi Collen Shai 40. Kegomoditswe Maria Badirwang 41. Dunisani Lyborn Baloyi 42. Jacobeth Mosito 43. Happy Chris Mahambane 44. Nkagisang Poppy Koni 45. Mogoai Jeremiah Matebesi 46. Nonhlanhla Merlyn Vilakazi 47. Malibongwe Badi 48. Sadi Victoria Letshwiti 49. Zolile Rodger Xalisa 50. Primrose Nnana Bogatsu 51. Surprise Harold Kubayi 52. Veliswa Gladys Xabanisa 53. Ncedo Aubrey Njenga 54. Makhosonke Collin Mkhonza 55. Bongiwe Sikhisi 56. Mzubanzi Dambuza 57. Linda Adonis 58. Isaac Hlungwana 59. Verinah Dimakatso Mabilu 60. Vusumuzi Mathebula 61. Thembani Lucia Hlabangwani 62. Modikane Joseph Buthane 63. Portia Malefane 64. Simcelile Rubela 65. Betty Kedisaletse Diale 66. Mpusheng Given Leshabane 67. Mandisa Makesini 68. Linda Xavier Mabengwane 69. Senkgane Brunny Molefe 70. Linda Joseph Malindisa 71. Meseno Jeanett Nyokong 72. Lencel Mashidika Komane 73. Johanna Shono Xaba 74. Mampuru Makuduele Mampuru 75. Asanda Matshobeni 76. Hoffinel Ntobeng 77. Nokuthula Mlokoti 78. Christopher Themba Msibi 79. Lesiba Samuel Mothata 80. Onkarabetse Valerei Tong 81. Malesela Frans Ledwaba 82. Kholeka Mandyu 83. Maesela Godfrey Molekwa 84. Florence Malehlohonolo Makhele 85. Abednigo Vusumuzi Khoza 86. Noluthando Roselyn Majola 87. Thembinkosi Tevin Apleni 88. Zakithi Xolo 89. Leofi Phillip Leshabana 90. Khanyisile Nontsikelelo Dhlakama 91. Komaseroto Benjamin Disoloane 92. Beverley Felicity Badenhorst 93. Derrick Athur Hendrickse 94. Vanessa Christolene Booysen 95. Mncedisi Msibi 96. Dudu Mirriam James 97. Nkhensane Walter Mkhabela 98. Portia Zoleka Qotoyi 99. Sandile Patrick Bekembo 100. Thulisile Xaba 101. Bongani Dum'Sani Mbona 102. Nonhlanhla Princess Ramoroka 103. Vukani Ndlovu 104. Thembisa Njana 105. Litha Law Zibula 106. Hlayiseka Crucief Chewane 107. Brenda Tirhani Mathevula 108. Andrew Arnolds 109. Gugu Flora Mtshali 110. Nevie Aubrey Baartman 111. Rendani Munyai 112. Goitseone Godfrey Kaotsane 113. Bulelwa Beauty Dial 114. Isaiah Nhlanhla Khoza 115. Poppy Raisibe Mailola 116. Zukisa Moses Xegwana 117. Constance Nonhlanhla Mkhonto 118. John Lesetja Lekgothoane 119. Evodia Mathebula 120. Kgomotso Comfort Assegaai 121. Molebogeng Sharon Letlape 122. Matshidiso Mathews Botswe 123. Thandeka Prescious Shabalala 124. Khomotjo Stanley Komape 125. Nomhle Ngcobo 126. Xolani Peterson Tshetu 127. Ellen Keitumetse Makhene 128. Kamogelo Jarius Itumeleng 129. Kelebogile Phillipine Molefe 130. Mmeli Julius Mdluli 131. Khathutshelo Masindi 132. Melikhaya Xego 133. Lethabo Lucy Kgomo 134. Luthando Amos 135. Phindiwe Sogayise 136. Nompumelelo Simango 137. Bernard Daniel Joseph 138. Sixolisa Gcilishe 139. Khumbulani Langa 140. Kolikie Madikedike Serane 141. Lisolomzi Ebenizer Mfutwana 142. Slindokuhle Ignatia Njapha 143. Moletsane Simon Moletsane 144. Keorapetse Komane 145. Rogers Aobakwe Mongale 146. Adelina Pulane Moloi 147. Kgotso Zachariah Morapela 148. Fiona Lebogang Manamela 149. Bonginkosi Gift Khanyile 150. Thendo Nemudzivhadi 151. Azwiambwi Gerson Tshitangano 152. Koketso Maria Sekele 153. Mduduzi Lethukuthula Mthethwa 154. Zoleka Mahambehlala 155. Michael Collen Sedibe 156. Refiloe Mohlomi 157. Mpho Joseph Ramatlama 158. More Nancy Mogaki 159. Lacia Molaoli 160. Mmatshengoane Mahero Sekgala 161. Ntombizethu Cordelia Peter 162. Sabelo Selby Hlophe 163. Tumelo Mpho Mlangeni 164. Sifiso Henry Mthethwa 165. Moleke Reuben Senong 166. Shadrack Lapologang Tlhaole 167. Vuyelwa Mnyatheli 168. Catherine Lindiwe Dzimba 169. Nthabiseng Violet Mataboge 170. Sarah Maluleke 171. Ruth Baloibotlhe Masemola 172. Nonhlanhla Pretty Radebe 173. Mapule Lizah Phooko 174. Malehoana Belinda Shikoane 175. Phuti Shirley Phaka 176. Mokgaetji Carol Mafagane Eastern Cape 1. Ntombovuyo Veronica Mente 2. Nthako Sam Matiase 3. Nokulunga Primrose Sonti 4. Patrick Sindane 5. Yoliswa Nomampondomise Yako 6. Mgcini Tshwaku 7. Sophie Suzan Thembekwayo 8. Pebane George Moteka 9. Nontando Judith Nolutshungu 10. Phuti Peter Keetse 11. Mmabatho Olive Mokause 12. Madimetja Lorence Matsetela 13. Makoti Sibongile Khawula 14. Mogamad Nazier Paulsen Free State 1. Hlengiwe Octavia Mkhaliphi 2. Godrich Ahmed Gardee 3. Leigh-Ann Mathys 4. Mbuyiseni Quintin Ndlozi 5. Ngwanamakwetle Reneiloe Mashabela 6. Marshall Mzingisi Dlamini 7. Tebogo Josephine Mokwele 8. Lehlohonolo Goodwill Mokoena Gauteng 1. Nokulunga Primrose Sonti2. Patrick Sindane 3. Yoliswa Nomampondomise Yako4. Mgcini Tshwaku 5. Sophie Suzan Thembekwayo6. Pebane George Moteka 7. Nontando Judith Nolutshungu 8. Phuti Peter Keetse 9. Mmabatho Olive Mokause 10. Madimetja Lorence Matsetela 11. Makoti Sibongile Khawula 12. Mogamad Nazier Paulsen 13. Ciliesta Catherine Shoana Motsepe 14. Washington Tseko Isaac Mafanya 15. Mathibe Rebecca Mohlala 16. Mothusi Kenneth Montwedi 17. Naledi Nokukhanya Chirwa 18. Vuyani Pambo 19. Thembi Portia Msane 20. Thokozani Makhosonke Langa 21. Lorato Florence Tito 22. Thilivhali Elphus Mulaudzi 23. Delisile Blessing Ngwenya 24. Linda Godfrey Seja 25. Khonziwe Ntokozo Fortunate Hlonyana 26. Brian Sindile Madlingozi 27. Shirley Motshegoane Mokgotho 28. Dumisani Fannie Mthenjane 29. Annacleta Mathapelo Siwisa 30. Makosini Mishack Chabangu 31. Elsabe Natasha Ntlangwini 32. Henry Andries Shembeni 33. Rosina Ntshetsana Komane 34. Khanya Ceza 35. Laetitia Heloise Arries KwaZulu-Natal 1. Phuti Peter Keetse 2. Mmabatho Olive Mokause3. Madimetja Lorence Matsetela 4. Makoti Sibongile Khawula 5. Mogamad Nazier Paulsen 6. Ciliesta Catherine Shoana Motsepe 7. Washington Tseko Isaac Mafanya 8. Mathibe Rebecca Mohlala 9. Mothusi Kenneth Montwedi 10. Naledi Nokukhanya Chirwa 11. Vuyani Pambo 12. Thembi Portia Msane 13. Thokozani Makhosonke Langa 14. Lorato Florence Tito 15. Thilivhali Elphus Mulaudzi 16. Delisile Blessing Ngwenya 17. Linda Godfrey Seja 18. Khonziwe Ntokozo Fortunate Hlonyana 19. Brian Sindile Madlingozi 20. Shirley Motshegoane Mokgotho 21. Dumisani Fannie Mthenjane Limpopo 1. Marshall Mzingisi Dlamini 2. Tebogo Josephine Mokwele3. Lehlohonolo Goodwill Mokoena 4. Ntombovuyo Veronica Mente 5. Nthako Sam Matiase 6. Nokulunga Primrose Sonti 7. Patrick Sindane 8. Yoliswa Nomampondomise Yako 9. Mgcini Tshwaku 10. Sophie Suzan Thembekwayo 11. Pebane George Moteka Mpumalanga 1. Mbuyiseni Quintin Ndlozi2. Ngwanamakwetle Reneiloe Mashabela 3. Marshall Mzingisi Dlamini 4. Tebogo Josephine Mokwele 5. Lehlohonolo Goodwill Mokoena 6. Ntombovuyo Veronica Mente 7. Nthako Sam Matiase 8. Nokulunga Primrose Sonti 9. Patrick Sindane North West 1. Godrich Ahmed Gardee2. Leigh-Ann Mathys 3. Mbuyiseni Quintin Ndlozi 4. Ngwanamakwetle Reneiloe Mashabela 5. Marshall Mzingisi Dlamini 6. Tebogo Josephine Mokwele 7. Lehlohonolo Goodwill Mokoena 8. Ntombovuyo Veronica Mente 9. Nthako Sam Matiase Northern Cape 1. Daluxolo Christopher Mpofu 2. Hlengiwe Octavia Mkhaliphi 3. Godrich Ahmed Gardee Western Cape 1. Nyiko Floyd Shivambu 2. Daluxolo Christopher Mpofu 3. Hlengiwe Octavia Mkhaliphi 4. Godrich Ahmed Gardee 5. Leigh-Ann Mathys 6. Mbuyiseni Quintin Ndlozi 7. Ngwanamakwetle Reneiloe Mashabela 8. Marshall Mzingisi Dlamini 9. Tebogo Josephine Mokwele 10. Lehlohonolo Goodwill Mokoena 11. Ntombovuyo Veronica Mente 12. Nthako Sam Matiase 13. Nokulunga Primrose Sonti 14. Patrick Sindane 15. Yoliswa Nomampondomise Yako 16. Mgcini Tshwaku 17. Sophie Suzan Thembekwayo 18. Pebane George Moteka 19. Nontando Judith Nolutshungu 20. Phuti Peter Keetse 21. Mmabatho Olive Mokause 22. Madimetja Lorence Matsetela Inkatha Freedom Party National 1. Mangosuthu Gatsha Buthelezi2. Narend Singh 3. Mkhuleko Hlengwa4. Liezl Linda Van Der Merwe 5. Zandile Majozi6. Christian Themba Msimang 7. Bhekizizwe Nivard Luthuli 8. Jan Adriaan Esterhuizen 9. Mzomuhle Silindelo Dlamini 10. Mphendukelwa Welcome Mbatha 11. Senzeni Doreen Mtshali 12. Nkululeko Mthethwa 13. Philani Jetro Mabuyakhulu 14. Bhanumathie Haripersad 15. Gcinokuhle Phumla Punky Zulu Eastern Cape 1. Thabo Alfred Mandila 2. Zodwa Mngqinya 3. Thembakazi Mandila 4. Fefelwethu Zanozuko Matoti 5. Thembisile Vanda 6. Phathiwe Patience Mahlikihla 7. Noludwe Palisa Aretha Wiggins 8. Vuyokazi Nobaza 9. Nomsa Florence Yola 10. Sindile Witness Nobaza 11. Bongi Jeanette Manyosi 12. Mafu Eugene Ntshobodi 13. Desmond Jacob White 14. Nolwandle Mkwane 15. Bongani Jali 16. Nokwakha Ncumisa Sidelo 17. Mpendulo Hlangabezo 18. Nozibele Bangani 19. Duduzile Daphney Groom 20. Mthabiseni Landa 21. Bonga Goduka 22. Vivienne Nosipho Matoti Free State 1. Gideon Ndaba 2. Chekwane Moses Matla 3. Jeanet Dimakatso Nhlapo 4. Dimakatso Suzan Mokhina-Msiska 5. Liphapang Alfred Masithela 6. Dina Julia Mahlaba 7. Keketso Vinolia Mahlaba Gauteng 1. Khethamabala Petros Sithole 2. Sibusiso Phakathi 3. Phumanazo Desmond Mchunu 4. Philani Dlomo 5. Gonothi Johannes Dhlamini 6. Oreeditse Ronel Ngale 7. Thandanani Velenkosini Shiba KwaZulu-Natal 1. Elphas Mfakazeleni Buthelezi2. Russel Nsikayezwe Cebekhulu 3. Xolani Ngwezi4. Siphosethu Lindinkosi Ngcobo 5. Magdalena Duduzile Hlengwa6. Mthokozisi Nkululeko Nxumalo 7. Faith Jabulisiwe Ntuli 8. Siyabonga Mlungisi Lawrence Duma 9. Mhlabunzima Ronald Bhengu 10. Premmilla Govender 11. Sifiso Nimrode Mlaba 12. Silindile Nokwazi Gumede 13. Princess Sebenzile Sibiya 14. Lilian Ntongolozi Masondo Limpopo 1. Daniel Tlou 2. Matjipe Stephen Metsana 3. Nkhetheni Samson Masindi 4. Thembane Tshepo Seepe 5. Tendani Remember Tshivhula 6. Winnie Maimela 7. Wesley S'Boniso Shozi 8. Kholofelo Morudi Motene 9. Magoshi Moses Maimela Mpumalanga 1. Wonderboy Brian Buthelezi 2. Nomsombuluko Eunice Madonsela 3. Jabulani Richard Sibiya 4. Francisca Wandy Madonsela North West 1. Grace Nontuthuzelo Phaswana 2. Matthews Makakaoba Chuma 3. Neo Precious Matlala 4. Mbuyiswa Amos Miya 5. Mahlohonolo Brian Kgopa 6. Dikagisho Yvonne Mooki Northern Cape 1. Thabo Alfred Mandila Western Cape 1. Liezl Linda Van Der Merwe 2. Kenneth Fezile Blorie 3. Lusindiso Owen Ntoto 4. Julia Ngxukuma 5. Anthony Christopher Mitchell African Christian Democratic Party National 1. Kenneth Raselabe Joseph Meshoe (Leader of the ACDP)2. Steven Nicholas Swart 3. Wayne Maxim Thring 4. Nosizwe Abada 5. Mokhethi Raymond Tlaeli 6. Jo-Ann Mary Downs 7. Keitumetse Patricia Matante 8. Grant Christopher Ronald Haskin 9. Bernice Pearl Osa 10. Mzukisi Elias Dingile 11. David Eugene Moses Joshua Baruti Ntshabele 12. Bongani Maxwell Khanyile 13. Anniruth Kissoonduth 14. Marvin Christians 15. Ivan Jardine 16. Linda Meridy Yates 17. Mongezi Mabungani 18. Kgomotso Welheminah Tisane 19. Lance Patrick Grootboom 20. Marie Elizabeth Sukers 21. Mpho Lawrence Chauke 22. Willem Meshark Van Wyk 23. Herméne Koorts 24. William Franklin Nel 25. Cheslyn Wagne Swartz 26. Lynette Delia Palm 27. Tumisho Lesiba Molokomme 28. Kamala Thomas 29. Dulton Keith Adams 30. Anna Eleonora Louw 31. Jacob Johannes Scholtz 32. Daniel Tsholofelo Sello 33. Pagiel Joshua Chetty 34. Rienus Niemand 35. Thabo Innocentia Dingile 36. Sipho Eric Manqele 37. Adam Josef Patrick Makhetha 38. Gaolatlhwe Jeremia Tshipo 39. Kingsley Lebogang Itlhopeng 40. Molefe Jonas Lebalelo 41. Joseph Collin Mathee 42. Michelé Mann 43. Louise Swan 44. Brendon Govender 45. Pule Joseph Rampai 46. Enock Tsietsi Modisakeng 47. Darryl Selwyn Lawrence 48. Ashton James Andrew Coopoosamy 49. Absalom Makhaza Sithole 50. Jane Lebogang Motlhamme 51. Dingaan Simon Rampete 52. Petrus Andreas Stefanus Strauss 53. Tambo Andrew Mokoena 54. Katali Erius Letsholo 55. Abraham David De Lange 56. Jimmy Barnard 57. Norman Mputjiki Motlhamme 58. Kenneth George Williams 59. Jan Maarman 60. Victor Emmannuele Thomas Sabbe 61. Andre Joseph Weber 62. Andrew Louis Schwartz 63. Thapelo John Thipe 64. Agnes Dineo Modise 65. Mokete Patrick Selowa 66. Robert Andreas Bender 67. Tefo Raymond Tsikang 68. Thapelo April Ntombela 69. Thomas Lennox Mathebula 70. John Phillip Arnold 71. Caroline Abigail Malgas 72. Christian Karl Peter Rohlssen 73. Veronica Matozi Nxumalo 74. Frederick Jacobus Grobler 75. Marianne Joubert 76. Antoinette Loretta Keyser 77. Tshidelelo Sylvia Makhadi 78. Petrose Mfanomncane Mazibuko 79. Isabel Anna-Marie Oosthuizen 80. Malose Class Selamolela 81. Prudence Vuyiswa Mhlongo 82. Lynette Chanelle Rafferty 83. Thabang Alfred Seokamo 84. Cornelius Christiaan Willemse 85. Norman Fana Mkhonza 86. Mariti John Mofokeng 87. Erick Kholisile Wizeman Strauss 88. Sabelo Vonqo 89. Ronald Winston Harris 90. Leticia Naidoo 91. Norman Allan Ward 92. Justino Dambi Tembe 93. Ruben Van Rooyen 94. Susanna Johanna Bromkam 95. Lionel Victor De Wee 96. Dimakatso Fridah Ramabina 97. Khutso Mokgehle 98. Brian Sibusiso Msibi 99. Mduduzi Siphiwe Mthembu 100. Cindy Brenda Sibuyi 101. Beauty Deliwe Ngwenya 102. Joseph Nukeri 103. Eunice Mmathoro Matlala 104. Dominic Xavier Thomas 105. Ann Lucia Sauls 106. Japie Van Zyl 107. Kenneth Elton Phetoe 108. Gertruida Christina Titus 109. Laurie Johannes Lesch 110. Christina Steenkamp 111. Norman Jacobus Isaaks 112. Jan Johannes De Wee 113. Charmain Desline Waterboer 114. Zondiwe Jacobus Nathan Duiker 115. Nkosinathi Bosman 116. Vusumzi Mario Lovatsha 117. Yanga Hude 118. Antonette Christelle Soetwater 119. Shadrack Mangaliso Daniels 120. Anthony Christopher Piang Sen 121. Johanna Marianne Lötter 122. Lucian Godfrey Necolas Forlee 123. Nadia Michelle Grootboom 124. Dawn Rogers 125. Themba Mark Twose Cengani 126. Mark Edward De La Peyre 127. Catherine Carol Stewart 128. Sean Braemer Bezuidenhout 129. George Sebastian 130. Richard Randall White 131. Leon Ernest Coetzee Eastern Cape 1. Michelé Mann 2. Ludumo Kwesaba 3. Amanda Penelope Rathbone 4. Lance Patrick Grootboom 5. Luke Monwabisi Quse 6. Mark Shayne Price 7. Alain Walljee 8. Nokuzola Bazana 9. Tokozile Mavis Maqamela 10. Ntomboxolo Matwa 11. Mancoko Albert Mabena 12. Lorraine Samuel 13. John Wanner 14. Anthony Christopher Piang Sen 15. Johanna Marianne Lötter 16. Nadia Michelle Grootboom 17. Themba Mark Twose Cengani 18. Lucian Godfrey Necolas Forlee 19. Dawn Rogers 20. Mark Edward De La Peyre 21. Catherine Carol Stewart 22. Sean Braemer Bezuidenhout 23. George Sebastian 24. Richard Randall White 25. Leon Ernest Coetzee Free State 1. Thapelo April Ntombela 2. Margarett Khunou 3. Pule Joseph Rampai 4. Geoffrey Robert Seale 5. Samuel Mahlomola Xaba 6. Johan Ligthelm Maritz 7. Matjie Xaba 8. Agnes Dineo Modise 9. Libuseng Adelice Malefane Gauteng 1. Kenneth Raselabe Joseph Meshoe 2. Absalom Makhaza Sithole 3. Tumisho Lesiba Molokomme 4. Nosizwe Abada 5. Keitumetse Patricia Matante 6. Sifiso Maswidi Ngwenya 7. Robert Andreas Bender 8. Prudence Vuyiswa Mhlongo 9. Mariti John Mofokeng 10. Tambo Andrew Mokoena 11. Linda Meridy Yates 12. Ivan Jardine 13. Dulton Keith Adams 14. Christian Karl Peter Rohlssen 15. Brian Sibusiso Msibi 16. Brendon Govender 17. Khutso Mokgehle 18. Willem Meshark Van Wyk 19. Norman Fana Mkhonza 20. Beauty Deliwe Ngwenya 21. Dimakatso Fridah Ramabina 22. Mpho Lawrence Chauke 23. Mokhethi Raymond Tlaeli 24. Evelyn Modiba 25. Mduduzi Siphiwe Mthembu 26. Sabelo Vonqo 27. Cindy Brenda Sibuyi 28. Lynette Chanelle Rafferty 29. Cornelius Christiaan Willemse 30. Ronald Winston Harris 31. Freda Nkosi 32. Amanda Gwendeline Thinnies 33. Malose Class Selamolela 34. Jackqueline Nonhlanhla Onyekpe 35. Bernice Pearl Osa 36. Mulalo Enos Matshete 37. Msawakhe Ntika 38. Willem Stephanus Fourie 39. Eunice Mmathoro Matlala 40. Anniruth Kissoonduth 41. Cynthia Nkele Motsweni 42. Tumelo Marjorie Ratsela KwaZulu-Natal 1. Wayne Maxim Thring 2. Sipho Eric Manqele 3. Jo-Ann Mary Downs 4. Sandra Joan Hansrajh 5. Rienus Niemand 6. Jameel Essop 7. Kamala Thomas 8. Abraham David De Lange 9. Petrose Mfanomncane Mazibuko 10. Veronica Matozi Nxumalo 11. Justino Dambi Tembe 12. John Phillip Arnold 13. Norman Allan Ward 14. Joanne Beverley Hathrill 15. Joshua Mpaxa 16. Bernard Clark Hathrill 17. Bradley Deon Francis 18. Zwelithini Jeffrey Ndlovu 19. Luke Munien 20. Melasa Malarie Isaiah 21. Govindraj Naicker 22. Ralph Christiaan Williams 23. Dennis Norman Kroutz 24. Elliot Musa Msimango 25. Fikile Juba Cina 26. Nkosingiphile Prudence Mdluli 27. Nokuthula Amanda Mthethwa 28. Nonhlahla Prudence Thwala 29. Nonhlanhla Manini Ncube 30. Nozipho Thembi Mthembu 31. Ntombikhona Ndebele 32. Siyabonga Muzi Msimango 33. Siboniso Steven Thwala 34. Sbonelo Philani Mhlongo 35. Sizakele Beauty Zwane 36. Thembelihle Nokuthula Zikali 37. Thembelihle Rose Shabangu 38. Nondumiso Nonjabulo Mthembu 39. Bhekani Michael Zwane 40. Nonhlanhla Ruth Ntuli 41. Zanele Mbali Biyela Limpopo 1. Humbulani Baldwin Ramulifho 2. Tshilidzi Albert Nephalama 3. Thomas Lennox Mathebula 4. Kgashiane Anna Ramovha 5. Phuti Piet Choshi 6. Willie Watch Mhlongo 7. William Pring 8. Famanda Brighton Hlongwane 9. Mmboswobeni Ben Solomon Mankhili 10. Diphatse Joel Makola 11. Oupa Piet Baloyi 12. Frederick Jacobus Grobler 13. Anna Eleonora Louw 14. Mokete Patrick Selowa 15. Tshidelelo Sylvia Makhadi 16. Humbulani Edward Ramalata 17. Moloke Patrick Masha 18. Marianne Joubert 19. Isabel Anna-Marie Oosthuizen 20. Freets Ngobeni 21. Joseph Nukeri Mpumalanga 1. Nicolaas Frans Erwe@E Coetzer 2. Imram Thabang Makama 3. Khuliso Tshinetise 4. Lindiwe Mncube 5. Geoffrey Ian Anderson 6. Jacob Johannes Scholtz 7. Petra Du Plessis 8. Jacqueline Sheilagh Strydom 9. Martha Susanna Scholtz 10. Mzamane Ezekiel Mashaba 11. Christine Perdita Baer 12. Tracy Lee Minne 13. Nelisiwe Patience Nyambi 14. Benett Sifiso Thobela North West 1. Thabo Innocentia Dingile 2. Gaolatlhwe Jeremia Tshipo 3. Kingsley Lebogang Itlhopeng 4. Antoinette Loretta Keyser 5. Katali Erius Letsholo 6. Enock Tsietsi Modisakeng 7. Thabang Alfred Seokamo 8. Dineo Giveness Mokgothu 9. Nthabiseng Patricia Mokwena 10. Mzukisi Elias Dingile 11. Siphiwe Edward Ngcongwane 12. Thato Lloyd Mokgothu 13. Ikgopoleng Phillip Ditshipi 14. Itumeleng Flora Motepe 15. Tumelo Walter Maphiri Northern Cape 1. Erick Kholisile Wizeman Strauss 2. Thapelo John Thipe 3. Andrew Louis Schwartz 4. Lionel Victor De Wee 5. Ruben Van Rooyen Western Cape 1. Marie Elizabeth Sukers 2. Marvin Christians 3. William Franklin Nel 4. Lynette Delia Palm 5. Cheslyn Wagne Swartz 6. Louise Swan 7. Joseph Matthee 8. Adam Josef Patrick Makhetha 9. Darryl Selwyn Lawrence 10. Ashton James Andrew Coopoosamy 11. Jan Maarman 12. Andre Joseph Weber 13. Victor Emmannuele Thomas Sabbe 14. Pagiel Joshua Chetty 15. Kenneth George Williams 16. Jimmy Barnard 17. Paul Nicholas Gillion 18. Diedrik Arnoldus Kruger 19. Marion Lee-Ann Trout 20. Shaun Lionel Cairns 21. Ricardo Dean Bester 22. Darrel Anton Scheffers United Democratic Movement National 1. Bantubonke Harrington Holomisa 2. Nqabayomzi Lawrence Saziso Kwankwa 3. Christobel Thandiwe Nontenja 4. Pumza Malefane 5. Rufus Vuyani Ludonga 6. Yongama Ludwe Zigebe 7. Nyaniso Hamilton Mfihlo 8. René Petronella Jonas 9. Sisa Mbeki 10. Mamogodi Benjamin Mmotla 11. Usivile Mboneli 12. Bongani Burnet Maqungwana 13. Moses Sipho Mbatha 14. Asanda Vuza 15. Siphumle Mathiso 16. Xolani Njobe 17. Bongani Petrus Phenyane 18. Ndidi Gcalangobuthi 19. Sibusiso Sangweni 20. Alvon Burnett Fortuin 21. Azwinaki Joyce Rabakali 22. Motlatso Selomo 23. Khotso Stephen Rakhunoane 24. George Soiyihabo Thukwane 25. Sylvia Nomawethu Bangani 26. Patience Noloyiso Nontenja 27. Emmanuel Phelelani Dludla 28. Sibongile Namgwezani Sithole 29. Ilene Theresa Danster 30. Mbuso Poswa 31. Ntshavheni David Ramabulana 32. Bongile Dywili 33. Boikokobetso Hlomela 34. Thandi Princess Ntshongela 35. Gubela Eric Mpofu 36. Mluleki Stanford France 37. John Majadibodu 38. Wilford Mlamleli Zaza 39. Namhla Gloria Notshaya 40. Bangile Morris Madengezana 41. Lehlohonolo Andrew Balleng 42. James Dlamini 43. Howard Mario Fortuin 44. Malehlohonolo Lebenya 45. Zwelithini Ernest Shongwe 46. Chandree Geniveve Morris 47. Jabulani Peter Sibanda 48. Goodman Lufefe Sololo 49. Edwin William Cloete 50. Rathabo Doctor Thobela 51. Polotsi Samuel Mahlabela 52. Pindile Albert Mazula 53. Samuel Matshwenyego Mualefe 54. Tintelwa Mercy Nongongo 55. Andile Michael Fololo 56. Nokuthula Ncambacha 57. Mmaditaba Shimein Seenyane 58. Tomsana Sodayisi 59. Sara Teffu 60. Lee-Roy Cloete 61. Gadifele Ellah Morua 62. Lebogang Elizabeth Nkosi 63. Mashita Lina Ngale 64. Patricia Zelda Williams 65. Tandokazi Mtengwane 66. Petrus Kekana 67. Meladine Jamarine Raman 68. Nonkwezani Eva Mabe 69. Dumisani Kabini 70. Veronica Emily Dimelu 71. German Kortman Matsimane 72. Mvuyisi Zilwa 73. Johan Sandile Kabinde 74. Maria Dineo Ahmed 75. Siyabulela Peter Lizo 76. Andile Tony Nhlapo 77. Simphiwe Charity Nhlengethwa 78. Jack Matome Legong 79. Nceba Victor Ngqwemese 80. Immaculate Nomlindelo Gasa 81. Moral Lukhele 82. Lesiba Jackson Maboate 83. Sydney Dion Sibuyi 84. Rogers Cothela 85. Lazarus Refus Mboweni 86. Giyana Eric Mbatsane 87. Lesetja Frans Mabonda 88. Mohlamunye Maria Mokonene 89. Mduduzi Nelson Mtshali 90. Mokheseng Stiphen Lebeko 91. Maswazi Patrick Mdakane 92. Mpho Patience Matsaba 93. Trevor-Giles Thabo Molatoli 94. Mapula Lucy Nhlapo 95. Dingaan Day Mokoena 96. Lindiwe Joyce Twala 97. Motsamai Johnson Mokorotlo 98. Mahume Jack Seloane 99. Thembi Pretty Radebe 100. Neo Innocent Mohlabi 101. Maleshoane Alice Mathopa Eastern Cape 1. Lennox Bogen Gaehler 2. Mzimkulu Mpangele 3. Zamindawo Abner Mqolo 4. Busiswa Honono 5. Piloni Gladson Ndlodaka 6. Irene Nomachule Quvile 7. Mandla Hlanekela 8. Nobunto Faith Mzimane 9. Humphrey Sangolibanzi Nobongoza 10. Phila Khalipa Thingathinga 11. Masiza Maxwell Mhlati 12. Ntombezayo Slyvia Mnikina 13. Melvine Luvuyo Maneli 14. Zuzakhe Dingiswayo 15. Thelma Zoliswa Lubaxa 16. Nonzukiso Mpapama 17. Mveleli Ennoch Ngalo 18. Zilindile Mtyelwa 19. Bongani Gqokongana 20. Dalibunga Clayton Soji 21. Sonwabile Steven Rhoshinamba 22. Thembelani Bishop Zamla Freedom Front Plus National 1. Petrus Johannes Groenewald2. Wouter Wynand Wessels 3. Wynand Johannes Boshoff4. Tamarin Wessels 5. Pieter Mey6. Ignatius Michael Groenewald 7. Heloise Jordaan 8. Isak Petrus Du Plooy 9. Lourens Abraham Erasmus 10. Izak Johannes De Villiers 11. Jennifer Anne Glover 12. Frederika Roets Botha-Rossouw 13. Isabelle De Taillefer 14. Daniel Johannes Coetzee 15. Jacob Petrus Prins 16. Lourens Lemmer Bosman 17. Stephanus Franszouis Du Toit 18. Marlene Du Toit 19. De Wet Nel 20. Jean Kriek 21. Ella Dorothea Fredrika Lourens 22. Matthys Jacobus Van Tonder 23. Timotheus Francois Potgieter 24. Gertruida Magrieta Senekal 25. Jurgens Johannes Pieterse 26. Gert Johannes Van Niekerk 27. Johannes Hartnick 28. Christo Peyper 29. Johan Dietlof Aegidius Blignaut 30. Westley John Barnard 31. Charl Van Der Westhuizen 32. Theodorus Ernst Joubert 33. Erns Lodewukis Kleynhans 34. Johannes Marthinus Otto 35. Johannes Francois Schutte 36. Jefrey Van Wyk 37. Johan Van Drimmelen 38. Dorothea Maria Blignaut 39. William James Markram 40. Percy Henry Booth 41. Hendrik Frans Cornelius Jordaan 42. Jacobus Johannes Hoffman 43. Theo Du Toit 44. Albertha Hendrika Viljoen 45. Duncan Leslie Du Bois 46. Theo Willem Coetzee 47. Walter August Christoph Herfurth 48. Elizabeth Judith Geyser 49. Nicolaas Johannes Ryke 50. Pieter Daniel Uys 51. Naomi Nel 52. Stephanus Petrus Kloppers 53. Cornelius Petrus Hattingh 54. Marcelle Frieda Maritz 55. Rochelle Robbetze 56. Diederik Philippus Niemand 57. Hermann Alfred Goldschagg 58. Willem Adriaan Van Dyk 59. Amanda De Lange 60. Paulette Lucille Stammer 61. Gideon Rudolph De Vries 62. Kim Constance Abnett 63. Phillippus Arnoldus Du Plessis 64. Sidney Anolik 65. Nicolaas Willem Stapelberg 66. Petronella Natalia Fourie 67. Carin Coetzee 68. Geoffrey Kenneth Bauer 69. Esce Eksteen 70. Aletta Catharina Bester 71. Andi Wolmarans 72. Esme Malanie Boshoff 73. Mare-Lize Wewege 74. Petrus Jakobus Breet 75. Karlien Venter-Jacobs 76. Leon Cilliers 77. Arné Venter 78. Armand Benjamin Cloete 79. Cynthia Van Staden 80. Cornelis Albertus Coetzee 81. Clifton Richard Van Reenen 82. Marelize De Bruyn 83. Johannes Marthunis Van Niekerk 84. Michiel Adriaan Petrus De Bruyn 85. Marizelle Van Niekerk 86. Franco Carel De Lange 87. Willem Roux Van Der Merwe 88. Theunis Hendrik Du Buisson 89. Phillippus Petrus Van Der Merwe 90. Chriszaan Du Plessis 91. Lizaan Van Der Merwe 92. Cornelis Johannes Du Plessis 93. Marinda Toerien 94. Leon Du Plessis 95. Susanna Dorithia Maria Taljaard 96. Joseph Erasmus De Beer Swart 97. Erica Joanne Fourie 98. Matthys Johannes Streicher 99. Hendrik Johannes Liebenberg Greyling 100. Tjaart Johannes Steenkamp 101. Jean Marlene Hattingh 102. Elizabeth Snyman-Van Deventer 103. Philippus Jacobus Cronje Janse Van Rensburg 104. Marthinus Smith 105. Hillten Janse Van Rensburg 106. Devar Smit 107. Johannes Gerhard Janse Van Rensburg 108. Joseph Abraham Sellidon 109. Annamarie Elizabeth Jordaan 110. Andre Rossouw 111. Johann Hendrik Jordaan 112. Desmond Reed 113. Monique Rautenbach 114. Inalia Dorothea Louw 115. Isak Hermanus Coenraad Johannes Prinsloo 116. Granville Cameron Martin 117. Jacob Jacobus Prins 118. Jacobus Adriaan Pienaar 119. Helena Maria Catharina Muller 120. Sandra Oost 121. Charl Francois Naude 122. Jan Oost 123. Susanna Chatrina Elizabeth Naude 124. Euné Carla Oelofsen 125. Magdalena Petronella Bergh 126. Werner Ludolf Weber 127. Petrus Paulus Bergh 128. Michelle Rademeyer 129. Sunette Bezuidenhout 130. Nicolaas Johannes Stephanus Viljoen 131. Nicolaas Christiaan Jacobus Verster 132. Anna Elizabeth Breedt 133. Roderick Charles Vencencie 134. Herman Willem Breedt 135. Pieter Du Plessis Swart 136. Ockert Brits 137. Jacob Pieter Van Den Berg 138. Maric Chantelle Du Toit 139. Maria Magdalena Terblanche 140. Tjaart Johannes Chambers 141. Hendrik Jurgens Van Rooyen 142. Cornelia Magrietha Aletta Van Rooyen 143. Emile Clifford Coetzee 144. Frederik Jacobus Van Eeden 145. Denice Baranice Daniels 146. Dirk Marthinus Lamprecht 147. Frederik Jacobus Cornelius De Beer 148. Heinrich Van Der Lith 149. Shelley Desireé De Freitas 150. Wilhelmus Gerhardus Van Der Linde 151. Karin De Villiers 152. Barend Van Der Berg 153. John Henry Denner 154. Trevor Vincent Trout 155. Karien De Bruyn 156. Brent Storm-Alexander Thompson 157. Jolize Du Plessis 158. Ruhan Swanepoel 159. Zander Du Toit 160. Anna Johanna Steyn 161. Nicolaas Stephanus Matheus Muller 162. Judith Susanna Hendrika Stanbridge 163. Johannes Petrus Duvenage 164. Gavin Ashton Stanbridge 165. Maryna Susara Duvenage 166. Hendrik Christiaan Smith 167. Johann André Engelbrecht 168. Wiebe Schultz 169. William Frederick Eyre 170. Dirk Rossouw 171. Jacobus Johannes Geyser 172. Francis Johannes Robbetze 173. Gerhardus Stephanus Gouws 174. Pieter Cornelius Snyman 175. Elizabeth Johanna Gouws 176. Cornelius Gregorius Pypers 177. Johnathan Crooks Haarhoff 178. Anushka Oosthuizen 179. Maria Cornelia Heymans 180. Robert Henry Nelson 181. Adriaan Du Plessis Jordaan 182. Wilhelmina Petronella Kotze 183. Karin Kemp 184. Lionel John Meyer 185. Michelle Irene Kleynhans 186. Ivan Kortje 187. Juanette Mentz 188. Johannes Hendrik Du Rand Kukkuk 189. Catharina Johanna Janse Van Rensburg 190. Heleen Kukkuk 191. Frederick Johannes Lotz 192. Amelia Marais 193. George Stephanus Malherbe 194. Geraldine Marais 195. Willem Jacobus Louw 196. Hanli Feuth 197. Valerie Rose Van Wyk Gauteng 1. Philippus Adriaan Van Staden 2. Frederik Jacobus Mulder 3. Gertruida Magrieta Senekal 4. Amanda De Lange 5. Jacobus Johannes Hoffman 6. Jennifer Anne Glover 7. Lourens Abraham Erasmus 8. Isak Petrus Du Plooy 9. Jean Kriek 10. Johan Van Drimmelen 11. Pieter Daniel Uys 12. Cornelius Petrus Hattingh 13. Charl Van Der Westhuizen 14. Sidney Anolik 15. Franco Carel De Lange 16. Tjaart Johannes Steenkamp 17. Hillten Janse Van Rensburg 18. Marinda Toerien 19. Isak Hermanus Coenraad Johannes Prinsloo 20. Susanna Chatrina Elizabeth Naude 21. Karin Kemp 22. Willem Roux Van Der Merwe Western Cape 1. Cornelius Petrus Mulder 2. Frederika Roets Botha-Rossouw 3. Jacob Petrus Prins 4. Jurgens Johannes Pieterse 5. Gert Johannes Van Niekerk 6. Johannes Hartnick 7. Jefrey Van Wyk 8. Walter August Christoph Herfurth 9. Nicolaas Johannes Ryke 10. Naomi Nel 11. Paulette Lucille Stammer 12. Kim Constance Abnett 13. Phillippus Arnoldus Du Plessis African Transformation Movement National 1. Vuyolwethu Zungula2. Thandiswa Linnen Marawu 3. Mncedisi Hillel Yusof Zungula 4. Malefetsane Aubrey Katsana 5. Mandlenkosi Nelson Mandisi Sigcau 6. Nomagubevu Emma Mbali 7. Khutala Nokwali 8. Bhekinhlahla Jeremia Mnyandu 9. Zoleka Elizabeth Madikazi 10. Mayibongwe Nongqunga 11. Ntombiyabo Doris Mpahleni 12. Nomvula Glenrose Sidu 13. Melikhaya Melphin Qotoyi 14. Mzwanele Jimmy Manyi 15. Nonhlanhla Athelida Keswa 16. Sibongile Lucia Sambo 17. Nicco Nkhwashu 18. Deborah Gwendoline Conlon 19. Gcobani Wesley Ntobongwana 20. Nosisa Mayaba 21. Nolwazi Snolwazi Ndabankulu 22. Mxolisi Makhubo 23. Lindelwa Mashalaba 24. Christopher Bernard Mashigo 25. Yolande Mafuya 26. Paul Wiseman Mambane 27. Msawenkosi Xinwa 28. Zukile Luyenge 29. Mandla Stanley Mokoena 30. Bongani Ndonga 31. Maphoto Bernadette Mosala 32. Sibusiso Patrick Mohlala 33. Mluleki Osborn Nongqunga 34. Phumzile Victor Gabada 35. Michael Tando Ntonga 36. Luyanda Khaboyise Msipha 37. Thandeka Temperance Thabi 38. Mawande Firstborn Nokwali 39. Lizo Hubert Makele 40. Velani Baldwin Mzobe 41. Muzonjani Zacharia Zulu 42. Thomas Edgar Brown 43. Alwyn Rico Jacobs 44. Andile Meshack Mayekiso 45. Petrus Ndaba 46. Agent Stephen Mthombeni 47. Fikile Eunice Khuzwayo 48. Joel Mahlangu Sekhobela 49. Dumisani Victor Mthembu 50. Buyani Maxwell Mnguni 51. Bongani Walter Mvula 52. Erica Bulelwa Mapuma 53. Celebration Ntungwa 54. Jane Nomsa Gumbi 55. Lydia Gabaikangwe Mdlolose 56. Mncedi Ndzwanana 57. Goodenough Happie Xaba 58. Elma Margaret Du Plessis 59. Busisiwe Cynthia Moloi 60. Nontando Claudia Mwanda 61. Clement Bongani Mvuyana 62. Gugulethu Mampofu 63. Siphokazi Magaqa 64. Enos Mongameli Mbanga 65. Mzwandile Maxwell Maraqana 66. Nomapelo Veronica Nodwengu 67. Timothy Bhekie Ngcobo 68. Thiagarajh Perumal 69. Nduza Paulus Tshezi 70. Zamindawo David Solontsi 71. Bongile Tallman Ngqasa 72. Cyntaeche Cacelwa Mashumi 73. Nosipho Rose Nodwengu 74. Mvuyo Alfred Rondo 75. Zama Bomela 76. Portia Ntombizodwa Madisha 77. Agnes Daphne Noluthando Qikani 78. Lungile Zanele Msimanga 79. Mandisa Fezeka Phakathi 80. Zoliswa Sikwehle 81. Leonard Makalima Mjokovane 82. Jappie Pitso Mahlaba 83. Lindimpi Phineas Mhlanga 84. Thokozile Jessey Keiso 85. Zolani Oscar Mkhonde 86. Segeshe Judas Malepe 87. Nomalungelo Victoria Mnqantsa 88. Zongamele Baliso 89. Vuyelwa Mxokozeli 90. Joyce Ndileka Gabela 91. Contantia Ntombizamabhele Mvula 92. Lulamile Zanemvula Gxara 93. Veronica Mamobishopo Nkxoyi 94. Ria Siphokazi Mfumba 95. Lindela Errol Tshwete 96. Nomakhaya Mavis Mdaka 97. Rosy Kamtala 98. Tenjiwe Ngayo 99. Leon Landingwe Rozani 100. Abel Mofokeng 101. Thobela Todd Ntsepo 102. Happy Vuyile Mampofu 103. Sebasteen Themba Sipho Mvula 104. Pule Azariel Moloko 105. Ntokozo Christopher Kheswa 106. Gloria Pamela Sithole 107. Nompumelelo Reinette Smith 108. Nomzamo Antonette Mbali 109. Blessing Kunaka 110. Bismarck Mahlangu 111. Wellington Mlandeli Kumsha 112. Isaac Myalezwa Sabuka 113. Lindela Promise Makhombothi 114. Mbuzeni Vincent Majola 115. Phondlo Joseph Malangabi 116. Promise Mantombi Mvula 117. Mamiki Esther Thobela 118. Boniwe Windasi 119. Sandy Jane Phillips 120. Ronelle Chantel Martin 121. Edward George Stringer 122. Bheki Vincent Gina 123. Nomakhuze Ziwele 124. Josef Sorry Matheze 125. Martin Christopher Esau 126. Lindiwe Indcentia Bosman 127. Vuyani Jason Mpambane 128. Xolile Peter Mgweba 129. Mampheletso Lydia Nkhoke-Ntsangani 130. Nocwaka Ntungwa 131. Funeka Phephu 132. Lulama Pamela Rozani 133. Nomonde Patience Kondlo 134. Thandiwe Sokomani 135. Nkosinathi Ntlokondala 136. Mzomhle Msutu 137. Emelia Mampe Malangabi 138. Lettitia Weziwe Tsutsu 139. Esethu Ntleki 140. Tsietsi Ben Serue 141. Unathi Babalwa Mtembu 142. Mbusi Msutu 143. Nobalulekile Maureen Mampofu 144. Mavis Thandiwe Jokwana 145. Victoria Ndinentombi Siwisa 146. Sarah Sibongile Mngwengwe 147. Nozipho Hazel Mkhize 148. Lindiwe Patience Mkhize 149. Thulani Xoki 150. Nkosimathi Ben Nkosi 151. Themba Wiseman Khanyile 152. Zama Pan-Ann Luthuli 153. Ntsundukazi Latrivietta Ngalwa 154. Novulikhaya Fazi 155. Phumza Nongqunga 156. Wandisile Makhuluphala 157. Nomnikelo Betty Rulumeni 158. Tholang Molefe 159. Patronella Noncedo Gazula 160. Lungelo Gladman Luthuli 161. Thulani Daniel Kwatsha 162. Veronica Veliswa Makaula 163. Ntokozo Bhekithemba Khuzwayo 164. Themba Freddy Mbutho 165. Bongani Ngubane 166. Johannes Seuntjie Malanga 167. Makerefesi Bessie Rondo 168. Lusanda Thembeka Tiya 169. Fundiswa Vivian Dingiswayo 170. Keiso Petrus Keiso 171. Ntombizanele Joyce Mzongwana 172. Khalipha Ntungwa 173. Mphangeli Johannes Waka 174. Thembekile Saphronia Nzimande 175. Nhlakanipho S'Thembiso Mngadi 176. Benny Obed Masondo 177. Joel Mntwabantu Matshoba 178. Mlamli Sangqu 179. Rowan Jikwana 180. Pelisa Mkalali 181. Nomsa Winnie Mnyatheli 182. Primrose Poliswa Makiwane 183. Daluxolo Myeki 184. Zolile Harrison Mothutsi 185. Nelisiwe Senzeni Nhlenyama 186. Siphiwo Vincent Galadla 187. Panamandla Hlumelo Matola 188. Dawid Johannes Jurens 189. Mondli Ovid Magadla 190. Zwelixolile Cyprian Njomi 191. Nozuko Lillian Xhalabile 192. Mbulelo Wiseman Ntenjwa 193. Nobayethe Mboni 194. Sibabalwe Nongqunga Good National 1. Patricia De Lille2. Shaun Nigel August 3. Willem Petrus Oliphant 4. Brett Norton Herron 5. Nthabiseng Diana Lephoko 6. Roger Freddy Solomons 7. Welheminah Masego Kwenamore 8. Daniel Albertus Van Wyk 9. Mark William Rountree 10. Vivien Frances Laverge 11. Evert Benhardus Manuel 12. Bazil Petrus 13. Mohlouwa Benjamine Mothibe 14. Christie Deon Noble 15. Charity Wendy Nare 16. Celeste Lynn Domingo 17. Marius John Gysman 18. Cameron Johan Arendse 19. Vincent Tebogo Metswamere 20. Mashudu Maxwell Mbuwe 21. Patrick John Ubisse 22. Trudy Beatrice Ruiters 23. Earl Jose Denves Pearce 24. Mohamed Shareef Rosen 25. Brain Harold Mervin Visser 26. Vusumuzi Henry Chauke 27. Marilyn Jaars 28. Hubert Clement Titus 29. Armstrong Bongani Mdagane 30. Samuel Shabane 31. Raletjatji Karel Mogashoa 32. Ulinda Porshia Lotz 33. Lulama Benge 34. Matsatsi Nomalanga Msiza 35. Yandisa Tshotwana 36. Boniswa Beryl Siluma 37. Ngokoana Reginah Mahlangu 38. Elizabeth Bridgette Sehlapelo 39. Edgar Gerades Arendse 40. Charmaine Kroats 41. Luvuyo Nyameko Madikane 42. Qiniso Mazwi Ndlovu 43. Nkanyiso Marcus Cele 44. Leovaljo Josephine Simpson 45. Thato Jeffrey Rakgomo 46. Herman Gerrit Joseph Kordom 47. Simon Nkosi 48. Vaughan Sheldon Villet 49. Ursula Astolene Adams 50. Zandré Carl Allen 51. Adele Noreen Campbell 52. Katherine Ann Carollisen 53. Nicolin Peter Crouwcamp 54. Florence Daniels 55. Nontuthuko Ngcobo 56. Inatia Ilona Padayachee 57. Anusha Bansi 58. Ziyanda Zibuyile Sithole 59. Siyabonga Alfred Mkhungo 60. Johannes Daniel Jacobs 61. Morgan Victor Jacobs 62. Ashwin Ashley Johnson 63. Cantona Cyril Matthews 64. Puleng Bridget Mpokotho 65. Shayne Adrienne Ramsay 66. Simon Buta Qwina 67. Delmarie Elouise Solomons 68. Bhekuyise Eric Mkhize 69. Robin Somiah Naidoo 70. Brandon Pat Jassen 71. Thanduxolo Sanele Mshengu 72. Jennet Shazi 73. Keith William Joseph Nelson 74. Bronwyn Hillary Nel 75. Portia Carmen Reid 76. Janine Tracey Jane Murison 77. Lunga Masakazi 78. Elroy Ward 79. Earl Frank Pillay 80. Elwin Eugene Koopman 81. Gavin Veleden Valayden 82. Kurt Anton Tobias 83. Navane Luciano Leslie 84. Ronaldo Hazron Van Niekerk 85. Moegamat Ayub Abrahams 86. Given Junior Masase 87. Lehlohonolo John Hoeane 88. Bongile Isaac Mangezi 89. Noleleni David Motaung 90. Thabiso Setseakobo Walter Mphahlele 91. Oscar Given Moropane 92. Doctor Rodney Shabangu 93. Sibusiso Kambule 94. Nhlanhla Rudy Shezi 95. Leboya Petrus Motaung 96. Veronica Sharon Wagenstroom 97. Benjamin Charles Titus 98. Audry Felicity Barrath 99. Anne Du Plessis 100. Sue-Anne Villet 101. Mary Bernadette Pinches 102. Roderick Roger Assam 103. Stuart Alan Siljeur 104. Daniël Oliphant 105. Angus Rupert Schovell 106. David Joseph Brooks 107. Garth Ian Jones 108. Alastair Duncan Rowan 109. Leon Keith Lee 110. Andrew Tyrone Barry 111. Thulani Sokhela 112. Lungile Noluthando Khambule 113. Nokuthula Sylvia Mndaweni 114. Tresa Shafiq 115. Ethienne Alton De Jager 116. Sphiwe Bembe 117. Ayanda Sinothile Biyela 118. Poovendran Padayachee 119. Patience Mbali Cele 120. Ideleen Chetty 121. Lutchamee Chetty 122. Dhanum Chinnasamy 123. Selvie Dorasamy 124. Deshnee Dalayah 125. Abednego Dumisani Fakude 126. Phoko Herman Ratsoma 127. Mpho Philemon Thulare 128. Charles Sithole 129. Johannes Phure Cutshwa 130. Maditsie Mokhosi 131. Thandazo Lawrence Ndwene 132. Phindokuhle Tshabalala 133. Ofentse Portia Mashabela 134. Nombulelo Macia Zulu 135. Maepetlile Evelyn Rabolele 136. Thethiwe Lydia Kokozela 137. Innocent Samkelo Bali 138. Shownell Singh 139. Andries Leo Sithole 140. William Neo Kgaje 141. Moshe Tlaatla 142. Hendrina Johanna Le Roux 143. Sello Laurance Mponeng 144. Erik Harm Holm 145. Peter Thabo Kgaje 146. Mario Matshipi 147. Solomon Tshepo Mahlangu 148. Leonard Francois Mckay 149. Auburn Francios Jaftha 150. Emit Fallet 151. Masabata Daphney Molefe 152. Festus Frank Stevens 153. Randall Edward Pieters 154. Johan Shaun Swanlow 155. Kelvin Cyprian Cloete 156. Bernard Josef Sass 157. Christiana Florencia Ali 158. Parvathy Govender 159. Vuyiswa Sindi Gamede 160. Khethukuthula Wiseman Gumbi 161. Mxolisi Malusi Gabela 162. Kamenthia Narainan 163. Phangwa siseko 164. Mduduzi Thembinkosi Mkhize 165. Njabulo Samuel Mngomezulu 166. Khanyisile Truelove Mtiyane 167. Katherine Sunker 168. Yukesh Mahass 169. Pathmanandan Appasamy Moodley 170. Anesh Mahabeer Maharaj 171. Aalyia Mahomed 172. Manormonie Naidoo 173. Samuel Mazungwe Mtsweni 174. Johannah Chisiwe Bafunani Mtsweni 175. Nontsikelelo Mtolo 176. Malikgo Ntombizodwa Khanyile 177. Matthew Cook 178. Florence Lindiwe Chemane 179. Zandile Mthembu 180. Galaletsang Frida Mosimanethebe 181. Patricia Nompumelelo Mbeje 182. Petros Myeni 183. Moloko Bella Komape 184. Derick Thulani Mahlangu 185. Raphuthi Timothy Tlhone 186. Jacqueline Monyamane Baloyi 187. Sekokoane Phillip Baloyi National Freedom Party National 1. Veronica Zanele Msibi 2. Ahmed Munzoor Shaik Emam 3. Jeremiah Bhekumthetho Mavundla 4. Nobahle Harriet Magqabi 5. Bhungu Mgezeni Gwala 6. Kelly Sandra Baloyi 7. Nontuthuzelo Mniki 8. Lindani Calalakhe Magwaza 9. Makhosini Master Soko 10. Shiaan-Bin Huang 11. Ramafodi Jan Mosupye 12. Simo Mziwokuphila Mkhwanazi 13. Gert Bitterbos 14. Tusokwakhe Elphas Nzuza 15. Mabutho Petrus Moloi 16. Simosakhe David Mnguni 17. Phindile Deborah Magwaza 18. Nhlanhlakayise Moses Khubisa 19. Buselaphi Irene Gxowa 20. Sonto Innocent Mabika 21. Petros Sabelo Dlamini 22. Azile Mandyebeni 23. Shaheed Noor 24. Nokuthula Joyce Gumbi 25. Silungile Buhlebakhe Dumisa 26. Skhosiphi Khethonjani Maphumulo 27. Simangele Claris Dlamini 28. Elliot Shweleza Ngcobo 29. Ricardo Charles Absalon 30. Sandra Baloyi 31. Veronica Marina Thelma Morgan 32. Nada Rietha Anta 33. Graham Clive Barnes 34. Brennan Secondo Marais 35. Petrus Andreas Fourie 36. Gertjie Billy Hendricks 37. Margareth Francina Magdalena Fortuin 38. Abraham Henry Braaf 39. Skhumbuzo Lovers Mhlanga 40. Syril Mduduzi Ntini 41. Joel Hambisani Miya 42. Tholakile Eynice Miya 43. Simon Daniel Fisher 44. Richard Anthony September 45. Abram Jacobs 46. Achmat Jacobs 47. Glynice Sheena October 48. Gail Elizabeth Hendricks-Roberts 49. Zulpha Morris 50. Karen Van Jaarsveld 51. Abdul Moeyn Sait 52. Ryno Nowellyn Serfontein 53. Keanan Van Jaarsveld 54. Marwaan Meintjies 55. Abdullah Barthus 56. Cyril Edwin Gradwell KwaZulu-Natal 1. Christopher Howard Mzwakhe Sibisi 2. Zandile Prudence Myeni 3. Phindavele Mlungisi Sikosana 4. Erickson Mtsheneni Zungu 5. Aidhika Roy 6. Siphamandla Siyethemba Ntombela 7. Nkosingiphile Abraham Mthembu 8. Sikhumbuzo Boniface Zulu 9. Besta Ntombikayise Nkosi 10. Nomalanga Perseverance Mkhize 11. Bhekamina Samuel Gumbi 12. Ntombigcinice Shezi 13. Nicodemus Thokozani Ntshangase 14. Ziphathele Alpheos Mhlongo 15. Jabulisiwe Abigail Mpanza 16. Paul Blaza Melusi Mabele 17. Jannet Ntombifuthi Ngcobo 18. Khulekani Rodney Hlatshwayo African Independent Congress National 1. Mandlenkosi Phillip Galo2. Lulama Maxwell Ntshayisa 3. Steven Mahlubanzima Jafta 4. Margeret Sheron Arnolds 5. Wele Clement Mdolomba 6. Nikiwe Madikizela 7. Vuyisile Alfred Diko 8. Cindy Brenda Dube 9. Sisanda Florance Hlazo 10. Thobeka Hazel Madasi 11. Phakamile Alfred Hlomela 12. Monde Kula 13. Nkosivile Desmond Ndzipho 14. Mxolisi Jerome Koom 15. Katlego Sito 16. Cingiwe Kula 17. Mxolisi Jackson Ntobela 18. Susan Sana Gazi 19. Thomas Mvundle 20. Mthakathi Jack Malindi Congress of the People National 1. Mosiuoa Gerard Patrick Lekota2. William Mothipa Madisha 3. Vanita Amanda Coetzee 4. Diratsagae Alfred Kganare 5. Johanna Phuti Nomvete 6. Robert Norman Hutchinson 7. Jessica Ramsharan Panday 8. Theodore Thomas Godden 9. Siyasanga Sijadu 10. Erick Mohlapamaswi 11. Ouneas Dikgetsi 12. Deidre Carter 13. Mbali Nkosi 14. Basi Johannes Matjila 15. Nobenguni Sybil Magwaca 16. Christelle Astrid Scheepers 17. Ntsikelelo April 18. René Paige Theresa Lewis 19. Jarrod Daine Delport 20. Bukelwa Felicia Ndzule-Jacobs 21. Antonie Deon Pieterse 22. Matsholo Magdeline Legalanyana 23. Tyson Ndou 24. Elsabe Zoliswa Maqhina 25. Jonas Rammupudu Mooketsi 26. Mzwandile Nelson Bula 27. Funiwe Julia Phetlho 28. Isaac Mzwandile Hleko 29. Marilyn Saul 30. Lindile Welcome Ntshanyana 31. Shireen Bee Hemed 32. Tshepo Jacob Mnisi 33. Nosipho Portia Chele 34. Dennis Victor Bloem 35. Anna De Bruin 36. Mahummed Lowrence Khan 37. Cornelia Johanna Pretorius 38. Siyabulela Eric Simane 39. Francois Jacques-Pierre Malan 40. Nomathamsanqa Maud Gugwini-Sijadu 41. Thanduxolo Febana 42. André Engelbrecht 43. Nomthandazo Ruth Motjelele 44. Louis Michael Green 45. Claudette September 46. Maano Charles Seala 47. Nokwayiyo Amelia Kopolo 48. Solomon Bereng Thajane 49. Makhasane Dina Maluleke 50. Lazarus Lutchman Charles 51. Katrina De Wee 52. Sello Gideon Mokoele 53. Esther Judith Bloem 54. Frank Pretorius 55. Funeka Ilet Adams 56. Sithembele Lennox Mzongwane 57. Selata Nkwane 58. Ayesha Sumsuddin Sarker 59. Mark Andrew Surgeon 60. Alvina Noch 61. Yogapragasen Rajagopaul Naidoo 62. Nompithizelo Winterose Helebe 63. Kempen Willem Nel 64. Rosina Sebokolodi 65. Bradley Goodson 66. Nongazi Florence Katoo 67. Gavin Eric Hayward 68. Makheleng Mildred Serathi 69. Robin Dale Fisher 70. Constantin Procos 71. Mzwandile Freddie Memani 72. Olga Khumbuzanani Sikukazi 73. Elton Mark Petersen 74. Sylvia Felicity Templeton 75. Jerry Tshilidzi Mulaudzi 76. Geraldine Boitumelo Bokako 77. Johannes Hendrik Gideon Robbertse 78. Rosy Seekoei 79. Jayanthi Lutchman 80. Lebogang Isaac Jan Bokako 81. Evelyn Kukutlwane Mnisi 82. Thembani Makumba 83. Leqwetha Morris Monoana 84. Mookho Elisa Nqeobo 85. Teboho Loate 86. Jesmaine Linda Ganga 87. Dorah Maletsholo Kotsi 88. Sphesihle Cedric Yende 89. Ntombizodidi Kate 90. Johannes Jacob Venter 91. Mlungisi Boysey Bleki 92. Mishack Phillip Mnisi 93. Vuyisile James Pan 94. Anderson Swelindawo 95. Stephen Makhombe 96. Bhekinkosi Andries Ndlovu 97. Tlhankie Jan Maphothoma 98. Bonakele Joseph Makeleng 99. Lizo Carl Kilimani 100. Peter Modikwe 101. Peter Makena 102. Michael Leon Kantey 103. Paulo Santana De Sousa 104. Thavarajan Gopal Pillay 105. Neville Keyster 106. Gavin Bruce Ferrier 107. Jonginkosi Kwetana 108. Gilmor Rudolf Heyns 109. Themba Albert Mthembu 110. Thabiso Edison Jameo Calvert 111. Roelof Johannes Pretorius 112. Marubini Stephen Mugivhi 113. Marubini Maria Mugivhi 114. Xolani Lionel Dlamini 115. Linda Graham 116. Kevin Dani°L Du Plooy 117. Anthony David Hall 118. Elias Lesiba Ledwaba 119. Mohale Joseph Boshego Pan Africanist Congress of Azania National 1. Mzwanele Nyhontso 2. Bennet Joko 3. Luthando Richmond Mbinda 4. Phumzile Selda Phasha 5. Mbuyiselo Daniel Kantso 6. Thandiwe Evelyn Mapalakanye 7. Julia Sophia Wilson 8. Modupi Dicks Maile 9. Jaki Stone Seroke 10. Ernest Botiki Nkopane 11. Charge-In Mabaso 12. Suzan Molete 13. Ntsiri Shadrack Pooe 14. Ramarumo Edward Mfulwane 15. Zamikaya Nicholson Xabe 16. Manelisi Mampana 17. Sbusiso Fransisco Xaba 18. Siyabulela Ndamane 19. Richard Nkoto Maoka 20. Mauris Nkosi 21. Henry William Mabaso 22. Phillemon Mafa 23. Walter Xola Lukhuleni 24. Lesiba Johannes Lekgoathi 25. Jabulani Amos Maolele 26. Josias Leoikwe Motlotsi 27. Mashale Lucky Lebyeng 28. Namadzavho Tinny Rambau 29. Matlou Maria Moloto 30. Ngwako Simon Ramalahla 31. Bonyana John Mohlala 32. Rabbi Abram Napo 33. Khutso Moloko Boloka 34. Lobohang Petrus Pila 35. Fhumulani Oriel Luvhimbi 36. Sonti Julia Mgcina 37. Mohlakore Morakane Bernice Mopedi 38. Aggrineth Molope 39. Thamsanqa Enoch Bam 40. Latela Jonas Seota 41. Martinluther Mzukisi Jam 42. Rabuti Gopolang Johannes Kgarimetsa 43. Kelello Segoana 44. Molefi Benjamin Olifant 45. Ditilo Mackinley Maleke 46. Jeffrey Philemon Magano 47. Modise Barnard Mosimanyane 48. Emeldah Khutsafalo Modise 49. Rosinah Ntombi Tshweu 50. Mereki Elias Chowe 51. James Tshelo Setlhafuno 52. Yandiswa Felipe 53. Mmaphuti Stephen Sebetha 54. Malesela Simon Langa 55. Malatji Donacious Ramabu 56. Mantomo Tebogo Mahapa 57. Mokibelo Thulane Ngobeni 58. Mahlatse Sharon Mamabolo 59. Phuti Silas Seema 60. Noah Shakes Sitto 61. Tefu David Machakela 62. Sanelisiwe Dilata 63. Gcobani Katiya 64. Linda Kenneth Ndebele 65. Mmabatho Mosolodi 66. Paseka Ezekiel Makoti 67. Thabiso John Ngumashe 68. Owen Khathazile 69. Sipho Owen Ndhlovu 70. Mlungisi Kenneth Bafo 71. Sindile Sidwell Moya 72. Bathembu Bethwell Lugulwana 73. Narius Kolobe Moloto 74. Edzisani Madzunya Al Jama-ah National 1. Mogamad Ganief Ebrahim Hendricks 2. Nontobeko Mkhwanazi 3. Ebrahim Ismail Tayob 4. Suleiman Kamaar 5. Moeshfiequoh Botha 6. Wilhelmina May Lutuli 7. Moegamat Faried Achmat 8. Thapelo Amad 9. Abdool Kader Dawood 10. Sedick Jacobs 11. Izgak De Jager 12. Galil Brinkhuis 13. Fiona Khan 14. Vusimuzi Michael Ngcobo 15. Nazmie Jamodien Notes References General election Category:General elections in South Africa

Dice chess Dice chess can refer to a number of chess variants in which dice are used to alter gameplay; specifically that the moves available to each player are determined by rolling a pair of ordinary six-sided dice. There are many different variations of this form of dice chess. One of them is described here. Rules The players alternate rolling the dice and, if possible, moving. On each die, the 1 represents a pawn, 2 a knight, 3 a bishop, 4 a rook, 5 a queen, and 6 a king. The player may move either of the pieces indicated on the two dice. For example, a player rolling a 1 and a 2 may move either a pawn or a knight. A player who rolls doubles (the same number on both dice) may play any legal move. Otherwise, standard chess rules apply, with these exceptions: a player who has no legal move with either of the pieces indicated by the dice loses that turn (passed turn); if castling is otherwise legal, a player may castle upon rolling a 4, 6, or doubles; an en passant capture of a pawn is possible only if the player rolls a 1, or doubles, immediately once the opportunity for the en passant capture arises; a player who is in check can only play a legal response to that check (capturing the checking piece, moving the king, or interposing a piece); a player who is in check but does not make a roll allowing a legal response to the check loses that turn, but does not automatically lose the game; except in the unlikely event that the game ends in a draw pursuant to the standard rules of chess, the game ends when one player either checkmates the opponent or captures the opponent's king. Sample game Here is a sample game of dice chess: White rolls doubles, allowing her to play any move, and selects 1.e4. Black rolls a 2 and a 3; no bishop move being possible, he plays 1...Nc6. White rolls a 3 and a 4, and plays 2.Bc4. Black rolls a 4 and a 5; since no queen move is possible, he must play the only legal rook move, 2...Rb8. White rolls a 3 and a 6, and plays 3.Bxf7+. Black rolls a 2 and a 4; since no knight or rook move is a legal response to the check, he must pass. (Only a 6, or doubles, would have allowed him to move.) White rolls a 2 and a 4, and chooses 4.Nh3. (A 3 or 5 would have enabled an immediate win with 4.Bxe8, 4.Qf3 or 4.Qh5#). Black rolls a 1 and a 3; again, this does not allow a legal response to the check, so he must pass. White rolls a 2 and a 4, and plays 5.Ng5#, ending the game (see diagram). Rules variants There is no standard for dice chess, and so games called dice chess may have different rules to the ones given here. For example, in the version of dice chess given on the BrainKing site: The players roll only one die. Pawns may move from the seventh to the eighth rank not only on a roll of 1 (when they promote to a piece of the player's choice), but also on a roll of 2, 3, 4 or 5 (when they can promote only to the piece specified by the roll). There is no check or checkmate. Rather, the goal is to actually capture the king. BrainKing also provides a variant on 10×10 board with three kings on each side. To win you need to capture all enemy kings. All other rules are the same as for the 8×8 version. The intention of adding two more kings is to reduce the elements of chance in the game. Another form of dice chess is Vegas Fun Chess, whose rules are described on The Chess Variant Pages. That site also states that "Pritchard's Encyclopedia of Chess Variants contains descriptions of seven versions of what he calls 'Dice Chess'." John Gollon, in his book Chess Variations: Ancient, Regional, and Modern, notes three ways in which dice may be used in connection with a game of chess. The most common is similar to that described in the preceding sections. A second way to use dice is to have each player roll one die on each turn, with the number rolled indicating the number of moves to be played. The maximum number of moves that can be played is usually four, so a roll of a 4, 5, or 6 allows the player to make four moves. A third form of the game uses two dice of contrasting colors, with one determining the piece that can move, and the other the number of moves that the piece makes. History Anne Sunnucks writes that there is evidence from the literature of the period that dice were used to play chess in Europe between the 11th and 14th centuries, and even earlier in Burma and India. The dice were thrown before each turn to determine the piece to be moved; the same numbering system as set forth above was used (1=pawn, 2=knight, etc.). In the Burmese form of the game, three dice were thrown and each player made three moves at a time. Vladimir Pribylinec writes that the cubes in Cubic Chess move as in orthochess by a symbol uppermost as is described in both editions of Pritchard's Encyclopedia of Chess Variants, first published in 1977. In the variant Protheus cubes are turned on the adjacent squares. See also Chaturaji References Category:Chess variants

Rob Boutilier Robert Boutilier (born 1971 in Halifax County) is the creator and co-director of Kid vs. Kat, a Canadian animated television series developed and produced at Studio B Productions. Boutilier went to Vancouver Film School in 1996, as well as the University of King's College. He is also an employer of DHX Media in Vancouver, British Columbia. Filmography Director Kid vs. Kat (2008-2011) Bringing the Heat/The Three Aargh's (2010) Nuff Said/Rhymes with Coop (2010) Trash Talking/Over the Radar (2010) Blasteroid Blues/Rat a Phooey (2010) Cheeks of Evil/Reap and Weep (2010) Packages from Planet X (2013-2014) Supernoobs (2015-2019) Chuck's Choice (2017) Snoopy in Space (2019) Writer Kid vs. Kat (TV series) (2008) Let the Games Begin/Night of the Zombie Kat (2008) (creator) Ed, Edd n Eddy (1999) Art Department Pound Puppies (storyboard artist) Pucca (storyboard artist) The Legend of Frosty the Snowman (storyboard artist) Being Ian (storyboard artist) Yakkity Yak (storyboard artist) The New Woody Woodpecker Show (storyboard artist) Ed, Edd n Eddy (storyboard artist) Yvon of the Yukon (storyboard artist) Ralph Breaks the Internet (storyboard artist) References External links Category:Canadian animators Category:Canadian animated film directors Category:Canadian storyboard artists Category:1971 births Category:People from the Halifax Regional Municipality Category:Living people Category:Canadian television directors Category:Canadian television writers Category:Male television writers

State Defense Council The State Defense Council is the military command committee of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (ChRI), established by the separatist government of Dzhokhar Dudayev in 1992. The State Defense Committee was established in a combined emergency session of the ChRI Parliament and Government on September 23, 1999, as a consequence of the Russian attack on Chechnya. Its task was to take over the highest executive power in the country during the period of martial law, while Parliament and Government are temporarily unable to work under normal and regular conditions. It was later reformed and renamed State Defense Council Majlis al-Shura under Aslan Maskhadov in 2002, when Shamil Basayev was chosen as the Council leader. See also USSR State Defense Committee Category:Chechen Republic of Ichkeria Category:National liberation movements

Wired for Management Wired for Management (WfM) was a primarily hardware-based system allowing a newly built computer without any software to be manipulated by a master computer that could access the hard disk of the new PC to paste the install program. It could also be used to update software and monitor system status remotely. Intel developed the system in the 1990s; it is now considered obsolete. WfM included the Preboot Execution Environment (PXE) and Wake-on-LAN (WOL) standards. WfM has been replaced by the Intelligent Platform Management Interface standard for servers and Intel Active Management Technology for PCs. References Category:Networking hardware Category:System administration

White Terror White Terror may refer to: History Various anti-leftist acts of violence: First White Terror (1794–1795), a movement against the French Revolution Second White Terror (1815), a movement against the French Revolution White Terror (Russia), mass violence carried out by opponents of the Soviet government during the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the Russian Civil War (1918–20) White Terror (Bulgaria), the suppression of the Communist September insurgency in the Kingdom of Bulgaria (1923) White Terror (Hungary), a two-year period (1919–1921) of repressive violence by counter-revolutionary soldiers White Terror (Spain), assassinations committed by the Nationalist movement during the Spanish Civil War and Francisco Franco's rule White Terror (mainland China), the period of political repression in China starting in 1927 by the Republic of China/Kuomintang government White Terror (Taiwan), the period of political repression in Taiwan starting in the 1940s by the Republic of China/Kuomintang government White Terror (Greece), persecution of the EAM-ELAS between the Treaty of Varkiza in February 1945 and the beginning of the Greek Civil War in March 1946 White Terror (Finland), violence of the White troops during and after the Finnish Civil War in 1918 Film and television The White Terror (film), a 1917 silent German film Kenya: White Terror, a 2002 BBC documentary based on the work of Caroline Elkins Other A common expression to describe anonymous acts that create a climate of fear White terrorism, xenophobic activity or terrorism by white Americans See also Red Terror (disambiguation) Terror (disambiguation)

Homeland Security and Emergency Management The Minnesota Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management (HSEM) is a division under the Minnesota Department of Public Safety. It was founded in 1951 as the Minnesota Department of Civil Defense, the name was changed after the inception of the United States Department of Homeland Security in 2002. The Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management helps Minnesotans prevent, prepare for, respond to and recover from disasters and works to keep Minnesota secure from acts of terrorism. As of 2016, the division has 75 full time employees. History Minnesota created its Department of Civil Defense in 1951 when C. Elmer Anderson was Minnesota's governor and color television was introduced. Today the division is called Homeland Security and Emergency Management. Since its inception, the way things are done has changed dramatically, but keeping Minnesota ready for disasters whether they are caused by humans or mother nature has remained consistent. In the past 10 years our country has lived through the attacks of September 11, and the force of Hurricane Katrina. Closer to home, Minnesota has experienced 12 presidentially declared major disasters and four emergency declarations including the collapse of the I-35W Mississippi River bridge collapse in downtown Minneapolis. The financial impact of disasters on communities and individuals can be devastating. HSEM brings in millions of dollars in response, recovery, mitigation and education funding every year. Staff Administration Director: Joe Kelly (2015-) Deputy Director: Kevin Reed Branch Directors Administration and Grants: Jon Huspek Preparedness: Kevin Leuer Organizational Development: Cathy Clark Recovery and Mitigation: John Moore Operations: Joseph Neuberger School Safety: Randy Johnson Regional Program Coordinators HSEM has six regional program staff assigned throughout the State to assist County and local jurisdictions. (SE) Mike Peterson (NE) Roy Holmes (NW) Heather Winkleblack (WC) Jeanna Sommers (SW) Mark Marcy (Metro) Gary Peterson HSEM Regions The Minnesota Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management is divided into six regions with varying characteristics listed below. Population Estimates are based off the 2010 United States Census. References Category:Specialist law enforcement agencies of the United States Category:Organizations based in Minnesota

29th Marine Regiment (United States) The 29th Marine Regiment (29th Marines) is an inactive infantry regiment of the United States Marine Corps. The last Marine Corps regiment activated for service in World War II, its First Battalion fought in the Battle of Saipan while attached to the 2nd Marine Division; the entire regiment also fought in Okinawa while attached to the 6th Marine Division, and took part in the occupation of Northern China following the war. The 29th Marine Regiment was subsequently deactivated in 1946 as part of the post war drawdown of forces. History Originally an "orphan unit", the First Battalion of the 29th Marine Regiment was formed as the Second Separate Infantry Battalion in February 1944 and re-designated as 1/29 en-route to its first combat assignment, attached to the Second Marine Division. Following a month of operational training on the King Ranch in Hawaii, 1/29 went into combat during of the Battle of Saipan (15 June – 9 July 1944) first, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Guy E. Tannyhill, then (following Tannyhill being wounded in action on 17 June) under the command of Lieut. Col. Rathvon M. Tompkins, and finally (following Tompkins being wounded in action on 2 July) by Lieut. Col. Jack P. Juhan. Despite sustaining heavy casualties in combat beginning with the initial landing on 15 June, 1/29 particularly distinguished itself during the "Battle of the Mountain (Tapotchau)", which took place during 22 - 29 June. 1/29 remained attached to the Second Marine Division until September, 1944, when it was sent to Guadalcanal to join the rest of its parent outfit, the 29th Regiment of the Sixth Marine Division. The parent unit itself was activated at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina as a separate reinforced regiment on 1 May 1944. Its first commander was Colonel Victor Bleasdale, an expert instructor and decorated World War I veteran, who served as Chief of Staff of the training center in Camp Lejeune. The regiment was assigned to the 6th Marine Division under Major General Lemuel C. Shepherd Jr. on 10 September 1944. Battle of Okinawa The regiment was due to be the reserve for the 6th Marine Division but was able to come ashore on the island on D-Day, 1 April 1945, due to the lack of resistance at the outset of the battle. They initially swept through the northern Motobu Peninsula where except for heavy fighting during the Battle of Yae Take they met only moderate resistance. Following the battle the division commanding general Lemuel C. Shepherd, Jr. relieved the regimental commanding officer, Colonel Victor F. Bleasdale, a well-decorated World War I veteran, to install Guadalcanal veteran Colonel William J. Whaling. Following heavy fighting in the south the 6th Marine Division replaced the 27th Infantry Division on the western side of the island. The 29th made steady progress south until 12 May 1945 when on the outskirts of Naha, Okinawa the ran into a low, loaf shaped hill which was soon to be named Sugar Loaf Hill. The hill was part of a complex of three hills that formed the western anchor of General Mitsuru Ushijima's Shuri Line defense. Originally the objective of the 22nd Marine Regiment, the 29th would relieve them on 16 May and would sustain heavy casualties over the course of the next few days while taking the hill. They made numerous frontal assaults on the hill and finally secured it on 18 May but in the process they sustained so many casualties that they were rendered combat ineffective and would eventually be relieved by the 4th Marine Regiment before the push into Naha. The fighting was so intense that during the relief in place the 4th Marines sustained 70 casualties. Occupation of Northern China While recuperating on Guam the war ended and that September the regiment received a warning order for it to prepare to move to China. Following the surrender of Japan, the entire 6th Marine Division was sent to Northern China with the main mission of accepting the surrender of Japanese forces there and helping to repatriate those soldiers and other Japanese nationals back to Japan. Notable members Robert M. McTureous, Jr. - recipient of the Medal of Honor for actions during the Battle of Okinawa. Unit awards A unit citation or commendation is an award bestowed upon an organization for the action cited. Members of the unit who participated in said actions are allowed to wear on their uniforms the awarded unit citation. The 29th Marine Regiment has been presented with the following awards: In popular culture The novel Take China: The Last of the China Marines by Harold Stephens depicts the 29th Marine Regiment and takes place in China during its civil war. References Category:Inactive units of the United States Marine Corps Category:Infantry units and formations of the United States Marine Corps Infantry29

1931 London County Council election An election to the County Council of London took place on 5 March 1931. The council was elected by First Past the Post with each elector having two votes in the two-member seats. The Municipal Reform Party slightly increased its majority on the council, with overall results matching those from 1925. Campaign The Municipal Reform party had run the council since 1907. The party campaigned on its record in government, contending that it had run the council economically, keeping rates low. Since the previous election, the council had gained the power to administer welfare benefits, and the Municipal Reformers argued that the Labour Party would practice "Poplarism" and be overly generous. The party stood 106 candidates, and won the seats in City of London, Kensington South, Paddington South, Westminster Abbey and Westminster St George's without facing a contest. The Labour Party argued that welfare was administered in a harsh and cruel manner. It also contended that the Municipal Reform Party had not constructed houses for workers, and supported a government scheme for a board with oversight of traffic control in the city. The Manchester Guardian noted that Labour did not expect to take control of the council, as it was losing ground nationally. Other than the uncontested seats, the party stood everywhere except Chelsea and Hampstead, while it had only a single candidate in Stoke Newington. The Liberal Party released a pamphlet putting forward ideas on housing, education, traffic, and the rating of land values. The Municipal Reform Party and the Liberal Party had a limited pact, with the two jointly backing anti-socialist candidates in Hackney South and the three divisions of Southwark. In the two divisions of Bethnal Green, and in Lambeth North, the Municipal Reformers backed the Liberal candidates. The Times noted that the Liberals were planning a much smaller campaign than in 1928, due to their losses that year, and a shortage of funds. The party stood only 27 candidates, down from 82 in 1928. The Communist Party of Great Britain stood 14 candidates, and also backed six "Organised Unemployed" candidates in the three Southwark constituencies. Results The Times noted that "rarely has an election of such importance caused so few changes". The Municipal Reformers made limited gains, taking the Liberal seat in Hackney Central, and Labour seats in Hammersmith North, Islington South, Kennington, Peckham and St Pancras South East. Labour's vote fell, but the party gained seats in Islington East and Mile End, while the Liberal Party gained seats from Labour in Lambeth North. The Communist Party of Great Britain performed poorly. Former Member of Parliament Shapurji Saklatvala took only 728 votes for the party in Battersea North. The numbers of seats won by each party matched exactly the results of the 1925 London County Council election. References Category:1931 elections in the United Kingdom County Council election Category:1931 English local elections Category:London County Council elections Category:March 1931 events

2006 San Diego Toreros football team The 2006 San Diego Toreros football team represented the University of San Diego during the 2006 NCAA Division I FCS football season. In their third year under head coach Jim Harbaugh, the Toreros compiled an 11–1 record, outscored their opponents 514 to 155, and won the Pioneer Football League championship. Schedule References Category:San Diego Toreros football seasons San Diego Toreros f Category:Pioneer Football League champion seasons Category:2006 Pioneer Football League season

Bagh Avaz Bagh Avaz (, also Romanized as Bāgh ‘Avaẕ) is a village in Jolgah Rural District, in the Central District of Jahrom County, Fars Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 113, in 24 families. References Category:Populated places in Jahrom County

Vision of Indonesia 2045 The Vision of Indonesia 2045 (in Indonesian: Visi Indonesia 2045 or Wawasan Indonesia 2045) is an Indonesian ideal that set the goal for the country to be a sovereign, advanced, fair and prosperous nation by its centennial in 2045. The goal is set in 2045, since by then the republic will commemorate 100 years of its independence. The vision was formulated by Ministry of National Development Planning of Indonesia and was launched by Indonesian 7th president Joko Widodo on 9 May 2019. The President is optimistic that Indonesia will become the world’s fourth or fifth largest economy by 2045. President Joko Widodo reiterated the vision once again during his second term inauguration speech on 20 October 2019, in which he envision that Indonesia will become a developed country, that rise among the world's top five largest economies by 2045. History and development The shared national vision—that in the future Indonesia will transitioned from a modest agriculture and raw commodity-based developing country into an advanced industrial, service and technology-based developed nation—has been contemplated for generations. During Suharto's New Order administration around 1970s to mid 1990s, the planning took form as Garis-garis Besar Haluan Negara (GBHN) or outlines of state's policy, aimed for Lepas Landas or "take-off" as the country gradually transformed into a new industrialised country. However, the 1997 Asian financial crisis hit Indonesia hard, which caused the economic contraction and crippled the development. Subsequently, the crisis sparked the unrest and reformation movement that led to the fall of Suharto regime. Several years following the turn of 21st century, Indonesian economy has been recovered, and the rising trends of economic growth and development continues. After 10 years, Indonesia has succeed weather the storm, transformed itself from a chaotic almost-failed state in 1998, into a thriving democratic society, also one of the strongest economy in Asia by 2007. This has led to a more optimistic outlook regarding Indonesian future. In 2009 Indonesia was admitted as a member of G-20 among world's major economies, thus become a sole representative of Southeast Asian region. In June 2013, in his speech in Bali, President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono expressed his high hopes; that in the 100th Anniversary of the Republic of Indonesia, the nation would rise to become a developed country in terms of economic, political, and social aspects, and also exercise considerable international influence in the region. He said; "I have a vision and a dream that in 2045 our economy will be truly strong and just, our democracy will mature, and our civilisation will flourish." Moreover, Indonesia is predicted will enjoy demographic bonus between 2030 and 2040, that will boosts Indonesian development towards vision 2045 as a developed nation. By that time, the number of workforce or the population of productive age (aged 15–64 years old) is greater than the population of non productive age (aged at under 15 years and above 64 years old). During this period, the population of productive age is predicted to reach 64 percent of the total projected Indonesian population of 297 million. On 30 December 2015 in Merauke, President Joko Widodo wrote his vision titled "Indonesian Dream 2015-2085". In his notebook he wrote seven dreams of lofty goals for Indonesian future, they are: Indonesian human resources whose intelligence outperforms other nations in the world Indonesian people who uphold pluralism, cultured, religious, and uphold ethical values Indonesia is the center of education, technology and world civilisation Society and government apparatus are free from corruption Equitable infrastructure development throughout Indonesia Indonesia is an independent and free country and one of the most influential in the Asia Pacific Indonesia is a benchmark (example) of world economic growth On 2017, the Ministry of National Development Planning of Indonesia (Kementerian PPN-Bappenas) has finished formulating the vision. The vision was officially launched by President Joko Widodo on 9 May 2019. In this vision, the government set a target for Indonesia in 2045 to become the fifth largest economy in the world with a GDP of US$7.3 trillion and per capita income reaching US$25,000. President Joko Widodo reiterate the vision once again during his second term inauguration speech in DPR/MPR Building on 20 October 2019. To achieve these goals, Joko Widodo has set 5 policies that he would implement during his second term administration between 2019-2024: Continuing the infrastructure development Developing human resource Inviting investments to the maximum extent Reforming bureaucracy Ensuring that the state budgets spending are focused and better-targeted Four pillars of vision 2045 The vision 2045 is built upon four pillars in accordance to Pancasila and National Constitution of 1945, these pillars are: Human development and the mastery of science and technology Sustainable economic development Equitable development Strengthening national resilience and governance The four goals of these pillars in accordance to the preamble of the national constitution are: Protect all Indonesian citizen and all its people Promotes general welfare Enlighten the national life Implement world order based on liberty, eternal peace and social justice See also Wawasan Nusantara Economy of Indonesia Demographics of Indonesia Notes References External links Visi Indonesia 2045 4 pillars of Indonesia Vision 2045 Jokowi’s full 2019 inauguration speech CNA report on Jokowi's Indonesia Vision 2045 on Youtube Category:Economy of Indonesia Category:2045 in Indonesia Indonesia Category:Politics of Indonesia

Vitan, Bucharest Vitan is a neighborhood in southeastern Bucharest, Romania, along the Dâmboviţa River, located between Titan, Dristor, Centrul Civic, Olteniței and Berceni. Its name comes from the Romanian family name "Vitan", presumably a Transylvanian name. Though it is one of the oldest neighborhoods of Bucharest, it was for a long time notorious for its poverty. The Bucharest Mall is situated in the north side of the neighbourhood. The now drained Văcărești Lake is located on the right bank of the Dâmboviţa and the use of the 3.06 square kilometres of land owned by the state (evaluated to about $650 million) is still undecided. The neighborhood was mostly erased to allow for prefabricated apartment buildings to be constructed on their site between 1986 and 1992, with typical architecture of the era (buildings inspired from North Korean designs). Previously, the only new buildings in the area were the Vitan Post Office (1956) and Polyclinic (1967). Category:Districts of Bucharest

Hôtel de la Capitainerie des Chasses The Hôtel de la Capitainerie des Chasses (lit. 'Hunting Master's Office Hotel') is a hôtel particulier and Historic Monument in Villejuif in the Val-de-Marne department, France. History The hotel was built around 1762 for Jacques Alexandre Gauthier de Vinfrais, hunting inspector of the Varenne du Louvre bailwick and Commandor of the Gendarmerie brigade at Villejuif. Vinfrais sold out the hotel in 1797. His son-in-law, the deputy Thomas de Treil de Pardailhan, resided there from 1782 to 1795. In 1834, the hôtel particulier was split into three separate buildings. The facade was altered around 1834. In the early 19th century, the Villejuif city council decided to locate its municipal garage there, later replaced by the municipal technical center. The facades, the roof, the coachway and the central staircase of the building were listed as a Historic Monument on September 17th, 1996. References Category:Hôtels particuliers Category:Buildings and structures completed in the 18th century Category:1760s establishments in France Category:Buildings and structures in Val-de-Marne Category:Monuments historiques of Île-de-France

Costantino Corti Costantino Corti (1823/1824–1873) was a Milanese sculptor who exhibited at Brera and in Florence, London, and Paris. Corti was most noted for his colossal statue Lucifer. He also produced statues commemorating Federico Borromeo, Conrad of Swabia, and the astronomer Giuseppe Piazzi. Works Corti's marble Lucifer (sometimes titled as Satan) was commissioned by the Count d'Aquila, brother of the former king of Naples. At the end of the 19th century, a traveler and amateur critic offered this assessment of the work: Lucifer was reviewed by Francesco dall' Ongaro at rhapsodic length as a worthy representation of the Satanic ideal shared in the literary works of John Milton or Lord Byron. Dall' Ongaro found the figure "androgynous," in keeping with the theological view that gender came into existence only with the creation of human beings and was not a characteristic of angels. The sculpture received notice for its "extraordinary vigor." Corti's monument to Cardinal Borromeo was commissioned in 1861 for the plaza of the Biblioteca Ambrosiana. The statue was completed in 1864, and dedicated the following year. The statue of Giuseppe Piazzi, dedicated in 1871, is located in the main plaza of Ponte in Valtellina, the astronomer's birthplace. Sources Clement, Clara Erskine, and Laurence Hutton. Artists of the Nineteenth Century and Their Works: A Handbook. Houghton, Mifflin, 1889, 5th ed., vol. 1, p. 162 online. Corna, Andrea. Dizionario della storia dell'arte in Italia. C. & C. Tarantola, 1915, p. 196. Thieme, Ulrich. Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Künstler von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart. Leipzig, 1912, vol. 7, p. 485 online. External links An 1886 photogravure print depicting Lucifer from a more startling angle may be viewed (scroll down for larger image) at the WebCite archive. Notes Category:Year of birth uncertain Category:1820s births Category:1873 deaths Category:19th-century Italian sculptors Category:Italian male sculptors Category:19th-century male artists

Max Korzh Max Korzh (full name Maxim Anatolyevich Korzh, , born November 23, 1988) is a Belarusian singer and songwriter. Biography At a young age Max's parents enrolled him into music school. At the age of 16 Max started his first band, LunClan, alongside his friends, but the band didn't last long. After it he was a part of a couple other projects, but neither of them was successful. As a teenager he used to record songs in Belarusian. Then he tried himself as a beatmaker making music for other artists but to no success. After it he decided to record his songs over his own instrumentals. Max Korzh recorded his first solo song while studying at Belarusian State University, the biggest college in Belarus. During his third year at the university he decided to drop out to concentrate on his music career. He recorded "Nebo Pomozhet Nam" (English: "Sky Will Help Us") for 300 dollars borrowed from his mom and posted it on Vkontakte, the biggest Russian social network. Shortly thereafter, he enlisted in the military. When he returned from service, he learned that the song had gotten big in Belarus, garnered a big following, and gotten airtime on the radio. Max then proceeded to send the track to Minsk DJs for them to play at parties. Solo career Max Korzh released his first music video "Nebo Pomozhet Nam" on April 7, 2012. It was successful on the charts. In the spring of 2012 he released his debut album "Zhivotniy Mir" (English: "Animal World") consisting of 16 tracks, each written by Korzh. The same year he signed with Russian label Respect Production founded by Kasta, legendary Russian rap group. This allowed him to play shows not only in Belarus, but also in Russia and Ukraine. When asked the album's theme by a Russian publication "Argumenty i Fakty" Max said: In the beginning of 2013 he went on "The Take Off March" tour around Belarus, Ukraine and Russia. His show took place at the Minsk Sports Palace. Max Korzh hesitated to take on the venue because "we could have lost a ton of money", but eventually it had an audience of 6,5 thousand people. In the summer of 2013 he was nominated as a Breakthrough Artist at Muz-TV Awards. On November 2, 2013 he performed a sold out show in Minsk-Arena for 13 thousand people, the first Belarusian artist to do so. Reputable magazine Afisha-Volna described Max's music as "pop-rap with club energy and street honesty" and said its’ "hybrid of genres presents 100% bestsellers that tend to stick in your head". The 2014 tour "Torn out may" gathered 6000 people in Minsk and sold out Moscow's Luzhniki Palace of Sports. In June 2014 he won the nomination for Best Album at Muz-TV Awards for "Zhit V Kaif". In October 2014 Max released his third album "Domashniy" (English: “Home”). His supporting tour performing in CIS countries and Europe was called “The Big Flat”. In June 2015 he was nominated for three awards at Muz-TV Awards: Best Hip-Hop Artist, Best Album and Best Live Show. On December 16, 2017 he had a second sold-out show in Minsk-Arena. In 2016 and 2017 he released his fourth album "Maliy Povzroslel" (English: “The Boy Has Grown”) in two parts. On December 22, 2017 "Maliy Povzroslel" won a VK Music Award. In 2018 Max Korzh had his first tour of the United States. In 2019 Max Korzh went on a stadium tour around Belarus, Ukraine and Russia. Discography Studio albums 2012 — "Zhivotniy Mir" (Animal World) 2013 — "Zhit V Kaif" (Life is Good) 2014 — "Domashniy" (Homely) 2016 — "Maliy Povzroslel, pt. 1" (The Boy Has Grown, pt. 1) 2017 — "Domashniy (Extended Version)" (Homely, Extended Version) 2017 — "Maliy Povzroslel, pt. 2" (The Boy Has Grown, pt. 2) Remix albums 2016 — "Best Remixes" Singles 2016 — "Slovo Patsana (The Word of a Man) (Bassquaid & ST Remix)» 2016 — "Slovo Patsana (The Word of a Man) (Subranger Remix)» 2017 — "Optimist» 2018 — "Proletarka" (Proletariat Station) 2019 — "Control» 2019 — "Shantazh" (Blackmail) 2019 — "2 Tipa Lyudey" (2 Types of People) 2020 — "Raznesem" (Crash the Stadium) Official clips References Category:1988 births Category:Living people Category:21st-century Belarusian people Category:21st-century male singers Category:Belarusian male singers Category:Hip hop singers Category:Rappers Category:Belarusian rappers Category:Ska musicians Category:Russian-language singers

Henry Stronach Henry Stronach (27 January 1865 – 12 April 1932) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played six first-class matches for Otago between 1892 and 1895. See also List of Otago representative cricketers References External links Category:1865 births Category:1932 deaths Category:New Zealand cricketers Category:Otago cricketers Category:Sportspeople from Canterbury

Tevaun Smith Tevaun Smith (born January 30, 1993) is a Canadian football wide receiver for the Edmonton Eskimos of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football at Iowa. Professional career Indianapolis Colts Smith signed with the Indianapolis Colts as an undrafted free agent on May 2, 2016. He was released on September 3, 2016 and was signed to the practice squad the next day. He was elevated to the active roster on October 18, 2016. He was released by the Colts on November 8, 2016 and was signed to the practice squad the next day. He signed a reserve/future contract with the Colts on January 2, 2017. On August 9, 2017, Smith was waived/injured by the Colts and placed on injured reserve. He was released on August 16, 2017. Oakland Raiders On November 29, 2017, Smith was signed to the Oakland Raiders' practice squad. He was released on December 6, 2017. Jacksonville Jaguars On December 26, 2017, Smith was signed to the Jacksonville Jaguars' practice squad. He signed a reserve/future contract with the Jaguars on January 22, 2018. On June 6, 2018, Smith was waived/injured by the Jaguars and was placed on injured reserve. He was released on September 7, 2018. Edmonton Eskimos On February 11, 2019, Smith signed a two-year contract with the Edmonton Eskimos. The Eskimos had previously drafted him with the 8th-overall pick in the first round of the 2016 CFL Draft. Early life and education Smith attended Kent School (class of 2012) in Kent, Connecticut. References External links NFL.com Profile Colts.com Category:1993 births Category:Living people Category:Canadian players of American football Category:Black Canadian players of American football Category:Sportspeople from Toronto Category:American football wide receivers Category:Iowa Hawkeyes football players Category:Indianapolis Colts players Category:Oakland Raiders players Category:Jacksonville Jaguars players Category:Edmonton Eskimos players Category:Canadian football wide receivers Category:Kent School alumni

Ric Carrott Ric Carrott (born February 5, 1949) is an American actor who was active during the 1970s. Youthful-looking and handsome, Carrott's only regular television series role was as Captain Chris Gentry, on the Saturday morning children's series Space Academy, but he made guest appearances on numerous popular shows of the decade. These included Nanny and the Professor, The Partridge Family, Love American Style, Dirty Sally, The Bob Newhart Show, The Odd Couple, The Blue Knight, The Streets of San Francisco, Lucas Tanner, S.W.A.T., Cannon, and later The Rockford Files, Starsky and Hutch, Barnaby Jones, Fantasy Island and Three's Company. Carrott originated the role of Chuck Cunningham, in the pilot for Happy Days (which aired as a segment of Love, American Style, "Love and the Happy Days"), later played by Gavan O'Herlihy in the series. His film work includes roles in The Swinging Cheerleaders (also known as Locker Room Girls) (1974), Earthquake (1974), Sunburst (1975), Mother, Jugs & Speed (1976), Marathon Man (1976), and the television movies A Summer Without Boys (1973), Hurricane (1974), SST: Death Flight (1977), and When Hell was in Session (1979). Filmography External links Category:American male film actors Category:American male television actors Category:Living people Category:20th-century American male actors Category:1949 births

List of New Testament minuscules (201–300) A New Testament minuscule is a copy of a portion of the New Testament written in a small, cursive Greek script (developed from Uncial). Legend The numbers (#) are the now standard system of Caspar René Gregory, often referred to as the Gregory-Aland numbers. Dates are estimated to the nearest 100 year increment where specific date is unknown. Content generally only describes sections of the New Testament: Gospels, The Acts of the Apostles (Acts), Pauline epistles, and so on. Sometimes the surviving portion of a codex is so limited that specific books, chapters or even verses can be indicated. Linked articles, where they exist, generally specify content in detail, by verse. Digital images are referenced with direct links to the hosting web pages, with the exception of those at the INTF. The quality and accessibility of the images is as follows: † Indicates the manuscript has damaged or missing pages. P Indicates only a portion of the books were included. K Indicates manuscript also includes a commentary. S Indicates lost portions of manuscript replaced via supplement of a later hand. abs (abschrift) Indicates manuscript is copy. [ ] Brackets around Gregory-Aland number indicate the manuscript belongs to an already numbered manuscript, was found to not be a continuous text manuscript, was found to be written in modern Greek versus Koine Greek, was proved a forgery, or has been destroyed. Minuscules 201-300 See also List of New Testament papyri List of New Testament uncials List of New Testament minuscules (1–1000) List of New Testament minuscules (1001–2000) List of New Testament minuscules (2001–) List of New Testament minuscules ordered by Location/Institution List of New Testament lectionaries References Bibliography 201 Category:New Testament-related lists Category:Greek New Testament manuscripts Category:Literature lists