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Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Sex and the City Content: Sex and the City Sex and the City is an American romantic comedy-drama television series created by Darren Star and produced by HBO. Broadcast from 1998 until 2004, the original run of the show had a total of 94 episodes. Throughout its six-year run, the show received contributions from various producers, writers, and directors, principally Michael Patrick King. Set and filmed in New York City and based on Candace Bushnell's 1997 book of the same name, the show follows the lives of a group of four women—three in their mid-thirties and one in her forties—who, despite their different natures and Passage-1 Title: Sex and the City Content: place in the suburb. Sex and the City Sex and the City is an American romantic comedy-drama television series created by Darren Star and produced by HBO. Broadcast from 1998 until 2004, the original run of the show had a total of 94 episodes. Throughout its six-year run, the show received contributions from various producers, writers, and directors, principally Michael Patrick King. Set and filmed in New York City and based on Candace Bushnell's 1997 book of the same name, the show follows the lives of a group of four women—three in their mid-thirties and one in her forties—who, despite Passage-2 Title: Sex and the City Content: "Sex and the City" aired on HBO from June to August 1998. Season two was broadcast from June until October 1999. Season three aired from June until October 2000. Season four was broadcast in two parts: from June until August 2001, and then in January and February 2002. Season five, truncated due to Parker's pregnancy, aired on HBO during the summer of 2002. The twenty episodes of the final season, season six, aired in two parts: from June until September 2003 and during January and February 2004. "Sex and the City" is currently syndicated in the US by HBO corporate Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: how long did sex and the city run

from 1998 until 2004

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Carol Ann Susi Content: Carol Ann Susi Carol Ann Susi (February 2, 1952 – November 11, 2014) was an American actress. She was known for providing the voice of recurring unseen character Mrs. Wolowitz, mother of Howard Wolowitz, on the television series "The Big Bang Theory". Susi made her first screen appearance in "", where she played the recurring role of intern Monique Marmelstein. Other television and film credits included: "McMillan & Wife", "Coyote Ugly", "Just Go with It", "The Big Bang Theory", "Becker", "Grey's Anatomy", "That '70s Show", "Out of Practice", "Cats & Dogs", "Just Shoot Me", "Married... with Children", "Night Court", "The Passage-1 Title: The Big Bang Theory (season 8) Content: Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series at the 67th Primetime Emmy Awards. Christine Baranski submitted the episode "The Maternal Combustion" for consideration due to her nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series at the 67th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards. Carol Ann Susi, the voice of the never-seen Mrs. Wolowitz, died of cancer on November 11, 2014, at age 62. In this season's February 19, 2015 episode, "The Comic Book Store Regeneration", Howard Wolowitz receives a phone call that his mother has died while visiting family in Florida. In February 2014, CBS CEO Passage-2 Title: Melissa Rauch Content: was pregnant on July 11, 2017, and disclosed that she had a miscarriage previously. On December 4, 2017 Rauch announced on Instagram that she had given birth to a girl, Sadie. Rauch modeled the voice of Bernadette after her parents: the "sweet, high-pitched purr" is modeled after her mother, while the "eerie, haranguing imitation" of Mrs. Wolowitz is modeled after her father. Both are "very different" from Rauch's real voice. Melissa Rauch Melissa Ivy Rauch (born June 23, 1980) is an American actress. She is known for playing Bernadette Rostenkowski-Wolowitz on the CBS sitcom "The Big Bang Theory". Rauch was Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who voices mrs wolowitz in big bang theory

Carol Ann Susi

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Second Fleet (Australia) Content: Second Fleet (Australia) The Second Fleet is the name of the second fleet of ships sent with settlers, convicts and supplies to the colony at Sydney Cove in Port Jackson, Australia. The fleet comprised six ships: one Royal Navy escort, four convict ships, and a supply ship. The ships were intended to sail to Australia together, arriving at Sydney Cove in 1789. However the escort was disabled en route and failed to make the destination, and one convict ship which was delayed arrived two months after the other ships. Unlike the preceding First Fleet, where great efforts were taken to Passage-1 Title: Second Fleet (Australia) Content: Anderson and John Joseph, cook. But, after a trial lasting three hours before Sir James Marriott in the Admiralty Court, the jury acquitted both men on all charges "without troubling the Judge to sum up the evidence". Second Fleet (Australia) The Second Fleet is the name of the second fleet of ships sent with settlers, convicts and supplies to the colony at Sydney Cove in Port Jackson, Australia. The fleet comprised six ships: one Royal Navy escort, four convict ships, and a supply ship. The ships were intended to sail to Australia together, arriving at Sydney Cove in 1789. However Passage-2 Title: Second Fleet (Australia) Content: with 1,006 convicts (928 male and 78 female) on board. They made only one stop on the way, at the Cape of Good Hope. Here 20 male convicts, survivors from HMS "Guardian", were taken on board. The three vessels made a faster trip than the First Fleet, arriving at Port Jackson in the last week of June 1790, three weeks after "Lady Juliana", and one week after the storeship "Justinian". The passage was relatively fast, but the mortality rate was the highest in the history of transportation to Australia. Of the 1,038 convicts embarked, 273 died during the voyage (26%) Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did the 2nd fleet arrived in australia

1790

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Cheese and crackers Content: Cheese and crackers Cheese and crackers is a common dish consisting of crackers paired with various or multiple cheeses. It is also known as cheese and biscuits outside the United Kingdom, United States and Canada. Historically the fare of sailors, soldiers, and pioneers, it became popular in American restaurants and taverns around the 1850s. It is prepared using various types of cheeses, and is often paired with wine. Mass-produced cheese and crackers brands include Handi-Snacks, Ritz, Jatz and Lunchables. Cheese and crackers is a common snack food or "hors d'oeuvre" consisting of crackers paired with various cheeses. In the United Passage-1 Title: Demand shock Content: Demand shock In economics, a demand shock is a sudden event that increases or decreases demand for goods or services temporarily. A positive demand shock increases aggregate demand (AD) and a negative demand shock decreases aggregate demand. Prices of goods and services are affected in both cases. When demand for goods or services increases, its price (or price levels) increases because of a shift in the demand curve to the right. When demand decreases, its price decreases because of a shift in the demand curve to the left. Demand shocks can originate from changes in things such as tax rates, Passage-2 Title: Complementary good Content: Complementary good In economics, a complementary good or complement is a good with a negative cross elasticity of demand, in contrast to a substitute good. This means a good's demand is increased when the price of another good is decreased. Conversely, the demand for a good is decreased when the price of another good is increased. If goods A and B are complements, an increase in the price of A will result in a leftward movement along the demand curve of A and cause the demand curve for B to shift in; less of each good will be demanded. A Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: if the price of crackers goes up when the price of cheese goes down crackers and cheese are

complements

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Brian Stepanek Content: the Disney Channel Original Movie "Hatching Pete" as the Coach Mackay, and "Mostly Ghostly" as Phears. He reprised his role as Arwin for three episodes of "The Suite Life on Deck". He made an appearance in season 9, episode 19 of "Two and a Half Men". Stepanek starred in "Mr. Young" as Adam's university professor, Dr. Fenway. In 2014, Stepanek appeared in the Nickelodeon television series "Nicky, Ricky, Dicky & Dawn", playing the father of the title characters Tom Harper until the shows cancellation. In 2015, he appeared in the animated film "Home" voicing several roles, including the Gorg Commander. Passage-1 Title: Nicky, Ricky, Dicky & Dawn Content: Nicky, Ricky, Dicky & Dawn Nicky, Ricky, Dicky & Dawn is an American comedy television series developed by Michael Feldman and created by Matt Fleckenstein that aired on Nickelodeon from September 13, 2014 to August 4, 2018. The series stars Brian Stepanek, Allison Munn, Aidan Gallagher, Casey Simpson, Mace Coronel, Lizzy Greene, Gabrielle Elyse, and Kyla-Drew Simmons. The series focuses on quadruplets Nicky, Ricky, Dicky, and Dawn Harper, 10 years old at the start of the series, who have nothing in common and often fight, but must work together to solve everyday situations. The series was originally picked up for Passage-2 Title: Nicky, Ricky, Dicky & Dawn Content: 13 episodes on March 13, 2014, but was later increased to 20 episodes. The series premiered on September 13, 2014. On November 18, 2014, the series was renewed for a second season. The second season premiered on May 23, 2015. On February 9, 2016, Nickelodeon renewed "Nicky, Ricky, Dicky & Dawn" for a third season of 14 episodes. It was also confirmed that Matt Fleckenstein would step down as show runner. Actress Lizzy Greene announced on her Twitter account that production for season three started on April 26, 2016. The third season premiered on January 7, 2017. The series was Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who plays the dad on nicky ricky dicky and dawn

Brian Stepanek

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Australian rugby league premiers Content: longer than any other club in the history of the game (Parramatta's maiden premiership came in its 35th season in 1981). Gold Coast Titans and New Zealand Warriors are the only current competing teams never to have won a premiership. List of NRL Premiers Australian rugby league premiers The Australian rugby league premiers are the winners of the top grade competition in Australian rugby league, which is currently the National Rugby League. The first season of rugby league in New South Wales was held in 1908 and run by the New South Wales Rugby Football League. The premiership was formed Passage-1 Title: National Rugby League Content: National Rugby League The National Rugby League (NRL) is a league of professional men's rugby league teams in Australia. Run by the Australian Rugby League Commission, the NRL's main competition is known as the Telstra Premiership due to sponsorship from Telstra Corporation and is contested by sixteen teams, fifteen of which are based in Australia with one based in New Zealand. It is the most viewed and attended rugby league club competition in the world. The National Rugby League is Australia's top-level domestic men's rugby-league club competition. It contains clubs from the original Sydney club Rugby League competition, which had Passage-2 Title: National Rugby League Content: for Stadium Australia until 2022 for $45 million. Note – Melbourne Storm were stripped of their 2007, 2009 premiership titles and their 2006, 2007, 2008 minor premiership titles due to their breach of the salary cap. The titles were withheld by the NRL rather than awarding them to the runners up. NOTE: These stats NRL era only (1998 to present) Ranking: Teams are ranked in order of premierships won, grand final runners up then minor premierships won. To see the complete list of premiers in Australian Rugby League, see List of NRL Premiers National Rugby League footballers are among Australasia's Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: which nrl teams have never won a premiership

New Zealand Warriors

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Schur–Horn theorem Content: is a moment map for this action. By the Atiyah–Guillemin–Sternberg theorem, formula_138 is a convex polytope. A matrix formula_139 is fixed under conjugation by every element of formula_122 if and only if formula_40 is diagonal. The only diagonal matrices in formula_114 are the ones with diagonal entries formula_46 in some order. Thus, these matrices generate the convex polytope formula_138. This is exactly the statement of the Schur–Horn theorem. Schur–Horn theorem In mathematics, particularly linear algebra, the Schur–Horn theorem, named after Issai Schur and Alfred Horn, characterizes the diagonal of a Hermitian matrix with given eigenvalues. It has inspired investigations and Passage-1 Title: Schur–Horn theorem Content: Schur–Horn theorem In mathematics, particularly linear algebra, the Schur–Horn theorem, named after Issai Schur and Alfred Horn, characterizes the diagonal of a Hermitian matrix with given eigenvalues. It has inspired investigations and substantial generalizations in the setting of symplectic geometry. A few important generalizations are Kostant's convexity theorem, Atiyah–Guillemin–Sternberg convexity theorem, Kirwan convexity theorem. Theorem. Let formula_1 and formula_2 be vectors in formula_3 such that their entries are in non-increasing order. There is a Hermitian matrix with diagonal values formula_4 and eigenvalues formula_5 if and only if and The permutation polytope generated by formula_8 denoted by formula_9 is defined as Passage-2 Title: Hermitian matrix Content: more general concept of self-adjoint operator is defined. A square matrix formula_3 is Hermitian if and only if it is such that formula_13 A square matrix formula_3 is Hermitian if and only if it is unitarily diagonalizable with real eigenvalues. Hermitian matrices are fundamental to the quantum theory of matrix mechanics created by Werner Heisenberg, Max Born, and Pascual Jordan in 1925. In this section, the conjugate transpose of matrix formula_15 is denoted as formula_16, the transpose of matrix formula_15 is denoted as formula_18 and conjugate of matrix formula_15 is denoted as formula_20. See the following example: The diagonal elements Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: the diagonal elements of a harmitian matrix are

real

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: 2018 FIFA World Cup Final Content: 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup due to the ongoing project. The renovation project cost €341 million, and the stadium officially reopened with an international friendly between Russia and Argentina on 11 November 2017. After Uruguay and Brazil were eliminated in the quarter-finals, a European side was ensured to win the World Cup for a fourth consecutive tournament. The match was also the ninth all-European World Cup final, which most recently occurred in 2006 and 2010. The match was the third World Cup final for France, first appearing in the 1998 final as hosts, winning 3–0 against reigning champions Brazil. France also Passage-1 Title: 2018 FIFA World Cup Final Content: 2018 FIFA World Cup Final The 2018 FIFA World Cup Final was a football match that took place on 15 July 2018 to determine the winners of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. It was the final of the 21st FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The match was contested by France and Croatia, and held at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow, Russia. Before 2018, France's only World Cup victory was in 1998 – though they had also reached the final in 2006 – while Croatia were playing in Passage-2 Title: France at the FIFA World Cup Content: 3–0 in the final match. The tournament was hosted in France once before in 1938, where France was eliminated by defending champions Italy in the quarter finals. In 2006, France finished as runners-up, losing on penalties (5–3) to Italy after the game was tied 1–1 after 120 minutes. The team has also finished in third place on two occasions, in 1958 and 1986, and in fourth place once, in 1982. In 2018 France won the World Cup for the second time 4–2 against Croatia in Luzhniki Stadium, Russia. The 1998 final was held on 12 July at the Stade de Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when was the last time france was in the final of the world cup

2018

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Flashbulb memory Content: and flashbulb memory, although it exists for general memory. Flashbulb memory A flashbulb memory is a highly detailed, exceptionally vivid 'snapshot' of the moment and circumstances in which a piece of surprising and consequential (or emotionally arousing) news was heard. The term "flashbulb memory" suggests the surprise, indiscriminate illumination, detail, and brevity of a photograph; however flashbulb memories are only somewhat indiscriminate and are far from complete. Evidence has shown that although people are highly confident in their memories, the details of the memories can be forgotten. Flashbulb memories are one type of autobiographical memory. Some researchers believe that there Passage-1 Title: Flashbulb memory Content: Flashbulb memory A flashbulb memory is a highly detailed, exceptionally vivid 'snapshot' of the moment and circumstances in which a piece of surprising and consequential (or emotionally arousing) news was heard. The term "flashbulb memory" suggests the surprise, indiscriminate illumination, detail, and brevity of a photograph; however flashbulb memories are only somewhat indiscriminate and are far from complete. Evidence has shown that although people are highly confident in their memories, the details of the memories can be forgotten. Flashbulb memories are one type of autobiographical memory. Some researchers believe that there is reason to distinguish flashbulb memories from other types Passage-2 Title: Eidetic memory Content: Eidetic memory Eidetic memory (; sometimes called photographic memory) is an ability to recall images from memory vividly after only a few instances of exposure, with high precision for a brief time after exposure, without using a mnemonic device. Although the terms "eidetic memory" and "photographic memory" are popularly used interchangeably, they are also distinguished, with eidetic memory referring to the ability to view memories like photographs for a few minutes, and photographic memory referring to the ability to recall pages of text or numbers, or similar, in great detail. When the concepts are distinguished, eidetic memory is reported to Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what is the scientific name for photographic memory

Eidetic memory

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Cementogenesis Content: Cementogenesis The 'formation of Cementum' is also known as "Cementogenesis", one of the three mineralized substances of a tooth. Cementum covers the roots of teeth and serves to anchor gingival and periodontal fibers of the periodontal ligament by the fibers to the alveolar bone (some types of cementum may also form on the surface of the enamel of the crown at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ)). For cementogenesis to begin, Hertwig epithelial root sheath (HERS) must fragment. HERS is a collar of epithelial cells derived from the apical prolongation of the enamel organ. Once the root sheath disintegrates, the newly formed Passage-1 Title: Junctional epithelium Content: tooth surface can occur on enamel, cementum, or dentin. The position of the EA on the tooth surface is initially on the cervical half of the anatomical crown when the tooth first becomes functional after tooth eruption. Junctional epithelium is derived from the reduced enamel epithelium (REE) during tooth development. Before the eruption of the tooth and after enamel maturation, the ameloblasts secrete a basal lamina on the tooth surface that serves as a part of the primary EA. As the tooth actively erupts, the coronal part of the fused and surrounding epithelium peels back off the crown. The ameloblasts Passage-2 Title: Junctional epithelium Content: also develop hemidesmosomes for the primary EA and become firmly attached to the enamel surface. However, the cervical part of the fused tissue remains attached to the neck of the tooth by the primary EA. This fused tissue, which remains near the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) after the tooth erupts, serves as the initial JE of the tooth, creating the first tissue attached to the tooth surface. This tissue is later replaced by a definitive JE as the root is formed. Cells in the junctional epithelium tend to have wide intercellular spaces and fewer desmosomal junctions, to allow the transmission of Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: the junctional epithelium once it has migrated apically attaches to the cementum by means of

hemidesmosomes

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade Content: Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade The annual Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade in New York City, one of the world's largest parades, is presented by the U.S. based department store chain Macy's. The parade started in 1924, tying it for the second-oldest Thanksgiving parade in the United States with America's Thanksgiving Parade in Detroit (with both parades being four years younger than Philadelphia's Thanksgiving Day Parade). The three-hour parade is held in Manhattan from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. Eastern Standard Time on Thanksgiving Day, and has been televised nationally on NBC since 1952. Employees at Macy's department stores have the option Passage-1 Title: Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade Content: the parade, but stationed on top of a building alongside the parade route. Radio coverage is provided by Entercom's WINS (1010 AM) in New York City. It is one of the few times throughout the year in which that station breaks away from its all-news radio format. Since 2016, Verizon has produced a 360-degree virtual reality live telecast of the parade, with minimal commentary, made available through YouTube. The Parade has always taken place in Manhattan. The parade originally started from 145th Street in Harlem and ended at Herald Square, making a route. In the 1930s, the balloons were inflated Passage-2 Title: Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade Content: the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade live in the Eastern Time Zone as well as Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands as they use feeds from that time zone, but tape delays the telecast elsewhere in the continental U.S. and territories from the Central Time Zone westward to allow the program to air in the same 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. timeslot across its owned-and-operated and affiliated stations; since the morning program's expansion to three hours in 2000 and eventually to four hours, NBC's "Today" only airs for two hours Thanksgiving morning as a result, pre-empting the latter two talk-focused Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where does macy's day parade start from

Central Park

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Money bill Content: Money bill In the Westminster system (and, colloquially, in the United States), a money bill or supply bill is a bill that solely concerns taxation or government spending (also known as appropriation of money), as opposed to changes in public law. It is often a constitutional convention that the upper house may not block a money bill. There is often another requirement that non-money bill-type clauses may not be attached to a money bill. The rationale behind this convention is that the upper house, being appointed or indirectly elected, should not have any right to decide on taxation and public Passage-1 Title: Money bill Content: Amendment". Money bill In the Westminster system (and, colloquially, in the United States), a money bill or supply bill is a bill that solely concerns taxation or government spending (also known as appropriation of money), as opposed to changes in public law. It is often a constitutional convention that the upper house may not block a money bill. There is often another requirement that non-money bill-type clauses may not be attached to a money bill. The rationale behind this convention is that the upper house, being appointed or indirectly elected, should not have any right to decide on taxation and Passage-2 Title: Money bill Content: senior Congress leader, challenged the speaker’s decision to treat the Aadhar Bill as a ‘money bill’ before the Supreme Court of India. Article 110(3) of the Constitution of India categorically states that 'if any question arises whether a Bill is a Money Bill or not, the decision of the Speaker of the House of the People thereon shall be final'. Therefore, one of the prime constitutional questions before the Supreme Court is whether it can review the speaker’s certificate classifying a bill as a ‘money bill’. In three prior cases, the Supreme Court of India has refused to review the Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who decide a bill is a money bill

House of Representatives

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Panalphabetic window Content: Panalphabetic window A panalphabetic window is a stretch of text that contains all the letters of the alphabet in order. It is a special type of pangram or pangrammatic window. Natural-sounding panalphabetic sentences are not particularly difficult to construct; the following sequence of 132 letters by Howard Bergerson is often quoted: Considerably rarer are short, naturally occurring panalphabetic windows. Based on the letter frequency distribution of a large corpus, Mike Keith calculated the expected window size for English text to be around 3000 letters. His computer-assisted search of Project Gutenberg identified the shortest natural panalphabetic window as a 535-letter passage Passage-1 Title: Pangram Content: Microsoft Windows) to display computer fonts. Pangrams exist in practically every alphabet-based language. An example from German is "", which contains all letters, including every umlaut ("ä", "ö", "ü") plus the ß. It has been used since before 1800. In a sense, the pangram is the opposite of the lipogram, in which the aim is to omit one or more letters. Short pangrams in English are more difficult to come up with and tend to use uncommon words. Longer pangrams may afford more opportunity for humor, cleverness, or thoughtfulness. Here are some pangrams that are shorter than "A quick brown Passage-2 Title: Panalphabetic window Content: from "The Alkahest", a translation of Honoré de Balzac's "La Recherche de l'Absolu": Panalphabetic window A panalphabetic window is a stretch of text that contains all the letters of the alphabet in order. It is a special type of pangram or pangrammatic window. Natural-sounding panalphabetic sentences are not particularly difficult to construct; the following sequence of 132 letters by Howard Bergerson is often quoted: Considerably rarer are short, naturally occurring panalphabetic windows. Based on the letter frequency distribution of a large corpus, Mike Keith calculated the expected window size for English text to be around 3000 letters. His computer-assisted search Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: shortest sentence containing all the letters of the alphabet

perfect pangram

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Smith & Wesson Content: Smith & Wesson Smith & Wesson (S&W) is an American manufacturer of firearms, ammunition and restraints. The corporate headquarters are in Springfield, Massachusetts. Smith & Wesson was founded in 1852 and after various corporate changes is now a unit of American Outdoor Brands Corporation. Horace Smith and Daniel B. Wesson founded the Smith & Wesson Company in Norwich, Connecticut in 1852 to develop the Volcanic rifle. Smith developed a new Volcanic Cartridge, which he patented in 1854. The Smith & Wesson Company was renamed Volcanic Repeating Arms in 1855, and was purchased by Oliver Winchester. Smith left the company and Passage-1 Title: Smith & Wesson Content: bought Crimson Trace, a laser-sight manufacturer, for $95 million and Taylor Brands, a tool and knife maker, for $85 million. In November of that same year the company bought UST Brands, a survival equipment maker, for $32.3 million. On November 7, 2016, Smith & Wesson announced that it would be changing the name of its holding company to American Outdoor Brands Corporation. In 2017 Smith & Wesson saw a severe contraction in its sales as units shipped to distributors and retailers declined 38.3%. The company was forced to lay off one-fourth of its manufacturing workforce. The company has come under Passage-2 Title: American Outdoor Brands Corporation Content: American Outdoor Brands Corporation American Outdoor Brands Corporation is an American manufacturer of firearms and outdoor sports and recreation products. It owns 18 brands. Its principal brand is Smith & Wesson firearms. Until 2016, the company was named Smith & Wesson Holding Corporation. The company has diversified from firearms into sporting goods and outdoor gear, the rugged outdoors business being a larger market than firearms, in hopes of insulating Smith & Wesson from the stock price volatility caused by the unpredictability of the gun business. This culminated in the decision to change the company's name to American Outdoor Brands Corporation Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did smith and wesson change their name

February 15, 2002

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Dragon Quest X Content: free on August 22. Following the initial release, Square Enix doubled the amount of active servers to cope with crowding issues, while they worked on creating a larger permanent server increase. Support for the Wii version ended in 2017. The Wii U version released on March 30, 2013. The beta test began on March 5. A port for Microsoft Windows was released on September 26. Ports to both the PlayStation 4 (PS4) and Nintendo Switch were announced as being in development in August 2016. These ports will both be released in 2017; the PS4 version will release on August 17, Passage-1 Title: Dragon Quest X Content: and the Switch version on September 21, 2017. With the announcement of the Switch version, Square Enix offered players the option of switching their characters and progress to the Switch version. In addition to the standard home console releases, versions for portable and mobile platforms have been released that rely on cloud streaming, needing an internet connection to function. A version for Android and iOS was co-developed by Square Enix with NTT DoCoMo and Ubitus: NTT DoCoMo's dGame service was used as the release platform, while Ubitus' cloud technology was used for the streaming. It released on December 16, 2013. Passage-2 Title: Dragon Quest XI Content: being announced in 2015 for the PlayStation 4, Nintendo 3DS, and Nintendo Switch. The game was one of the first games announced for the Switch, which was known under the codename of Nintendo NX as it had not been fully revealed at the time. Initially, the team considered making the game fully open world, but decided against it as it would have led to issues telling its story. The PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows versions use the Unreal Engine 4 game engine and had developmental assistance from ORCA Inc, while the 3DS version had assistance from Toylogic Inc. In April Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when is dragon quest 11 coming to switch

sometime beyond 2018

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: YouTube Rewind Content: You" by Ed Sheeran, was uploaded to the YouTube Spotlight channel. "The Shape of 2017" received negative reviews from critics, YouTubers, and viewers alike following its release. Some of the various criticisms were directed at its overuse of memes, and the notable exclusion of PewDiePie for controversies earlier in the year. To date, it has received 3.86 million likes, making it 9th most liked non-music YouTube video of all time. It also received significantly more dislikes than the previous years (excluding 2011), at 2 million dislikes, making it the 14th most disliked YouTube video of all time. Some of the Passage-1 Title: YouTube Rewind Content: Portal A Interactive. Music was developed by The Hood Internet with an original remix by Major Lazer. The video begins with Dwayne Johnson showing a miniature Rewind button, and YouTube personalities hunting for 'Rewind' symbols in the style of "Pokémon Go". The video also references objects being crushed by a hydraulic press, Hodor from "Game of Thrones" and the dabbing dance move. The video ends James Corden and other personalities in a car, in reference to the Carpool Karaoke segments from "The Late Late Show". On December 6, 2017, "YouTube Rewind: The Shape of 2017", referencing the song "Shape of Passage-2 Title: YouTube Rewind Content: on its side following a rather rocky 2018." "Everyone Controls Rewind" is currently the most disliked YouTube video of all time, with 13.3 million dislikes in comparison to its 2.2 million likes. It is also the first video to reach 10 million dislikes. "Everyone Controls Rewind" amassed 29.4 million views within 24 hours of release, making it the 13th most-viewed YouTube video in the first 24 hours. It currently has 139.2 million views. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Youtube Rewind 2017 had animation sequences, but they were mostly located at the end of the video. This included James Rallison (TheOdd1sOut), Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when does the 2017 youtube rewind come out

December 6, 2017

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Western Front (World War II) Content: with the Battle of Britain. The second phase consisted of large-scale ground combat (supported by a massive air war considered to be an additional front), which began in June 1944 with the Allied landings in Normandy and continued until the defeat of Germany in May 1945. The Phoney War was an early phase of World War II marked by a few military operations in Continental Europe in the months following the German invasion of Poland and preceding the Battle of France. Although the great powers of Europe had declared war on one another, neither side had yet committed to launching Passage-1 Title: World War II Content: launched their main summer offensive against southern Russia in June 1942, to seize the oil fields of the Caucasus and occupy Kuban steppe, while maintaining positions on the northern and central areas of the front. The Germans split Army Group South into two groups: Army Group A advanced to the lower Don River and struck south-east to the Caucasus, while Army Group B headed towards the Volga River. The Soviets decided to make their stand at Stalingrad on the Volga. By mid-November, the Germans had nearly taken Stalingrad in bitter street fighting. The Soviets began their second winter counter-offensive, starting Passage-2 Title: World War II Content: with an encirclement of German forces at Stalingrad, and an assault on the Rzhev salient near Moscow, though the latter failed disastrously. By early February 1943, the German Army had taken tremendous losses; German troops at Stalingrad had been forced to surrender, and the front-line had been pushed back beyond its position before the summer offensive. In mid-February, after the Soviet push had tapered off, the Germans launched another attack on Kharkov, creating a salient in their front line around the Soviet city of Kursk. Exploiting poor American naval command decisions, the German navy ravaged Allied shipping off the American Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what event began the second front in world war ii

the Allied landings in Normandy

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Jennifer Lopez: All I Have Content: Marc Anthony, Heidi Klum, Laverne Cox, Kevin Hart, Pitbull, LL Cool J, Ne-Yo, Ja Rule, Drew Barrymore, Sarah Michelle Gellar and Dua Lipa. The following set list is representative of the show on January 20, 2016. It is not representative of all concerts for the duration of the show. "Notes:" Jennifer Lopez: All I Have Jennifer Lopez: All I Have was the first concert residency by American entertainer Jennifer Lopez. Performed at Zappos Theater (formerly The AXIS Theater) located in the Planet Hollywood Resort & Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada, the residency began on January 20, 2016 and concluded on Passage-1 Title: Jennifer Lopez: All I Have Content: Jennifer Lopez: All I Have Jennifer Lopez: All I Have was the first concert residency by American entertainer Jennifer Lopez. Performed at Zappos Theater (formerly The AXIS Theater) located in the Planet Hollywood Resort & Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada, the residency began on January 20, 2016 and concluded on September 29, 2018. The show has received critical acclaim for its production and Lopez's showmanship. Lopez is said to have been inspired by previous Vegas performers, and has seen the likes of Celine Dion and Britney Spears. It was first reported that Lopez had been offered a Las Vegas residency Passage-2 Title: Jennifer Lopez: All I Have Content: show to date, breaking the previous box office record for a single show, previously set by . The record was once again broken by the final show of Britney: Piece of Me in December 2017. It was the most successful Las Vegas residency of 2016, grossing $34.6 million. By the 116th show on September 22, 2018, the residency had sold a total of 467,314 tickets, grossing $97.5 million. Celebrities who have attended the show include: Justin Bieber, Jeremy Bieber, Khloe Kardashian, Kim Kardashian, Jessica Alba, Kerry Washington, Demi Lovato, Nick Jonas, Drake, Selena Gomez, Sofia Vergara, Ellen DeGeneres, Smokey Robinson, Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: how long is the all i have show

two hours

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Transfer window Content: other locally popular sports (notably basketball and American football), or as the traditional season in the Southern Hemisphere. The first window generally opens from 1 March until midnight of 30 April, followed by the in-season window from 1 to 31 August. Premier League clubs in England voted to end the summer window on the Thursday before the start of the season - on August 9 in 2018, instead of August 31. Because FIFA demands the window must be open for 12 weeks, the window will open around May 17, shortly after the final games of the season on May 13. Passage-1 Title: Transfer window Content: they have no goalkeeper available. Special dispensation from their competition's governing body, for example the Premier League, is required. The transfer window restriction does not apply to clubs in or below the National League division. If the last day of a transfer window is on a weekend, the deadline can be extended to the following Monday at the request of those involved for business reasons. The first shift of the deadline since its inception took place in summer 2008, when the deadline was extended by 24 hours to fall on Monday 1 September at midnight. The transfer deadline in England Passage-2 Title: Transfer window Content: season. The specific periods depend on the league's season cycle and are determined by the national football authorities. Most major European leagues commence in the second half of the year (e.g. August or September) and stretch over two calendar years to the first half of the next year (e.g. May), resulting in a close season window in the Summer ending in August, and a mid-season window in January. The periods are different when a league runs throughout a single calendar year, as in most Nordic countries due to weather constraints, Major League Soccer due to both weather and competition from Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when does the russian football transfer window close

28 February

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Adobe Acrobat Content: DC (Document Cloud) Acrobat product family versions are DC June 2016, version 15.016.20045, released 2 June 2016 and DC Classic January 2016, version 15.006.30119, released 12 January 2016. From DC 2015 the Acrobat family is available in two tracks, the original track, now named Classic, and the Continuous track. Updates for the Classic track are released quarterly, and do not include new features, whereas updates for the Continuous track are issued more frequently, and implemented silently and automatically. The last pre-DC version, Acrobat XI, was updated to 11.0.23 version (and this was the final release) on November 14, 2017, support Passage-1 Title: Adobe Audition Content: to be part of the Adobe Creative Cloud. Also, Audition CC is now the first 64-bit application in the Audition line. This can provide faster processing time when compared to Audition CS6. New features include sound remover, preview editor, and pitch bender. Adobe Audition 7 was released in June 2014 with the name Adobe Audition CC 2014. New with this release came support for Dolby Digital and Dolby Digital Plus formats, custom channel labels, a new UI skin, High DPI support, enhanced clip and track colors and navigation, minimize tracks, tools for splitting all clips at the playhead, and more. Passage-2 Title: Adobe Audition Content: Audition CS6 in March 2012 highlighting clip grouping and automatic speech alignment (which had its technology previewed in September 2011). Audition CS6 was released on April 23, 2012, as part of both Creative Suite 6 Master Collection and Creative Suite 6 Production Premium. It included faster and more precise editing, real-time clip stretching, automatic speech alignment, EUCON and Mackie control surface support, parameter automation, more powerful pitch correction, HD video playback, new effects, and more features. Adobe Audition 6, also more commonly known as Audition CC, was released on June 17, 2013. It is the first in the Audition line Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what is the latest version of adobe captivate

2017

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic Content: Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic The Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic (Latvian SSR; ; , "Latviyskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika"), also known as Soviet Latvia or Latvia, was a republic of the Soviet Union. It was established on 21 July 1940, during World War II, as a Soviet puppet state in the territory of the previously independent Republic of Latvia after it had been occupied on June 17, 1940 by the Soviet Army, in conformity with the terms of the 23 August 1939 Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. Following the Welles Declaration of July 23, 1940, the annexation of Latvia into the Soviet Union (USSR) on Passage-1 Title: Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic Content: are therefore utterly groundless." Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic The Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic (Latvian SSR; ; , "Latviyskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika"), also known as Soviet Latvia or Latvia, was a republic of the Soviet Union. It was established on 21 July 1940, during World War II, as a Soviet puppet state in the territory of the previously independent Republic of Latvia after it had been occupied on June 17, 1940 by the Soviet Army, in conformity with the terms of the 23 August 1939 Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. Following the Welles Declaration of July 23, 1940, the annexation of Latvia into the Passage-2 Title: History of Latvia Content: Army had entered Lithuania a day before, that its troops were massed along the eastern border and mindful of the Soviet military bases in Western Latvia, the government acceded to the demands, and Soviet troops occupied the country on June 17. Staged elections were held July 14–15, 1940, and the results were announced in Moscow 12 hours before the polls closed; Soviet documents show the election results were forged. The newly elected "People's Assembly" declared Latvia a Socialist Soviet Republic and applied for admission into the Soviet Union on July 21. Latvia was incorporated into the Soviet Union on August Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did latvia became part of the soviet union

August 5, 1940

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Chief of the Naval Staff (India) Content: Chief of the Naval Staff (India) The Chief of the Naval Staff is the commander and the highest-ranking officer in the Indian Navy. The position is abbreviated CNS in Indian Navy cables and communication, and usually held by a four-star officer in the rank of Admiral. The current CNS is Admiral Sunil Lanba. The 23rd Navy Chief, he took over from Admiral Robin K. Dhowan, who retired on 31 May 2016 after four decades of service from the navy. The office of the Chief of the Naval Staff was created by "The Commanders-In-Chief (Change in Designation) Act" of the Indian Passage-1 Title: Sunil Lanba Content: Sunil Lanba Sunil Lanba, PVSM, AVSM, ADC (born 17 July 1957) is the current and the 23rd Chief of the Naval Staff of the Indian Navy. He assumed the office on 31 May 2016 after Admiral Robin K. Dhowan and will hold office till May 2019. He is also the Chairman of the chiefs of staff committee (CoSC). Lanba was born on 17 July 1957 and hails from Palwal district, Haryana. He attended Mayo College, Ajmer; National Defense Academy, Pune; Defense Services Staff College, Wellington; College of Defence Management, Secunderabad and Royal College of Defense Studies, London, and is a Passage-2 Title: Indian Navy Content: Indian Navy The Indian Navy (IN; : "Bhāratīya Nau Senā") is the naval branch of the Indian Armed Forces. The President of India is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Navy. The Chief of Naval Staff, a four-star Admiral, commands the navy. The Indian Navy traces its origins back to the "East India Company's Marine" which was founded in 1612 to protect British merchant shipping in the region. In 1793, the East India Company established its rule over eastern part of the Indian subcontinent i.e. Bengal, but it was not until 1830 that the colonial navy was titled as "His Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who is the chief of indian navy at present

Admiral Sunil Lanba

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Rhododendron Content: to arrange a fake execution. It was also mentioned in the third episode of Season 2 of BBC's "Sherlock", and has been speculated to have been a part of Sherlock's fake death scheme. In the language of flowers, the Rhododendron symbolizes danger and to beware. "Rhododendron arboreum" ("lali guransh") is the national flower of Nepal. "R. ponticum" is the state flower of Indian-administered Kashmir and Pakistan-controlled Kashmir. "Rhododendron niveum" is the state tree of Sikkim in India. Rhododendron arboreum is also the state tree of the state of Uttarakhand, India. Pink Rhododendron ("Rhododendron campanulatum") is the State Flower of Himachal Passage-1 Title: Himachal Pradesh Content: and precipitation. The state endows with a high diversity of medicinal and aromatic plants. Lahaul-Spiti region of the state, being a cold desert, supports unique plants of medicinal value including "Ferula jaeschkeana", "Hyoscyamus niger", "Lancea tibetica", and "Saussurea bracteata". Himachal is also said to be the fruit bowl of the country, with orchards being widespread. Meadows and pastures are also seen clinging to steep slopes. After the winter season, the hillsides and orchards bloom with wild flowers, while gladiolas, carnations, marigolds, roses, chrysanthemums, tulips and lilies are carefully cultivated. Himachal Pradesh Horticultural Produce Marketing and Processing Corporation Ltd. (HPMC) is Passage-2 Title: Rhododendron arboreum Content: Rhododendron arboreum Rhododendron arboreum, the tree rhododendron, also known as Burans or Laligurans or simply Gurans () in Nepal, is an evergreen shrub or small tree with a showy display of bright red flowers. It is found in Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Thailand. Rhododendron arboreum is the national flower of Nepal; in India it is the state tree of Uttarakhand and state flower of Himachal Pradesh and Nagaland. Its name means "tending to be woody or growing in a tree-like form". It has been recorded as reaching heights of up to 20 m, although more Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: which is the state flower of himachal pradesh

Pink rhododendron

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: 2017 Solheim Cup Content: 2017 Solheim Cup The 2017 Solheim Cup was the 15th edition of the Solheim Cup matches, held August 18–20 at the Des Moines Golf and Country Club in West Des Moines, Iowa. The Solheim Cup is a biennial team competition between the top women professional golfers from Europe and the United States. It is a three-day match play event between teams of twelve players with a similar format to the Ryder Cup. Juli Inkster captained the U.S. team for the second time and Annika Sörenstam captained the European team for the first time. The United States won by a score Passage-1 Title: 2017 Solheim Cup Content: the Win–Loss–Half record of the player. 2017 Solheim Cup The 2017 Solheim Cup was the 15th edition of the Solheim Cup matches, held August 18–20 at the Des Moines Golf and Country Club in West Des Moines, Iowa. The Solheim Cup is a biennial team competition between the top women professional golfers from Europe and the United States. It is a three-day match play event between teams of twelve players with a similar format to the Ryder Cup. Juli Inkster captained the U.S. team for the second time and Annika Sörenstam captained the European team for the first time. The Passage-2 Title: Solheim Cup Content: retired professional golfers with Solheim Cup playing experience, chosen for their experience playing on previous Cup teams and for their ability to lead a team. In the fifteen competitions through 2017, the United States leads the series . The Gleneagles Hotel in Perthshire, Scotland will host the Cup in 2019; it previously hosted the 2014 Ryder Cup. The event was last held in Scotland in 2000. Inverness Club located in Toledo, Ohio will host the Cup in 2021; it has previously hosted four U.S. Opens, two PGA Championships, and two U.S. Senior Opens. Sources Solheim Cup The Solheim Cup is Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where is the solheim cup being held this year

West Des Moines, Iowa

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: And the Hits Just Keep on Comin' Content: C&W," for the album but it was left off. Several songs (notably "Keep On") reflect a theme common to Nesmith's country-flavored tracks — the theme of never letting fear get the best of you. The liner notes to the album are signed "Papa Nes". The album was re-released on the Pacific Arts label and also reissued with "Pretty Much Your Standard Ranch Stash" by RCA/BMG International in 2000. All songs by Michael Nesmith. And the Hits Just Keep on Comin' And the Hits Just Keep on Comin' is an album by Michael Nesmith. Recorded for RCA Records, it was the Passage-1 Title: Keep On Singing Content: Keep On Singing "Keep on Singing" is a 1973 song composed by Danny Janssen and Bobby Hart, best known as a hit single by Helen Reddy. It was originally recorded by Austin Roberts from the album "Austin Roberts". It was released as a single on Chelsea Records and reached No. 50 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100 and No. 39 on the "Cash Box" Top 100. In Canada it reached # 79. Helen Reddy recorded the song for her 1974 album "Love Song for Jeffrey". It served as the lead single from the album and reached No. 15 on the Passage-2 Title: And the Hits Just Keep on Comin' Content: And the Hits Just Keep on Comin' And the Hits Just Keep on Comin' is an album by Michael Nesmith. Recorded for RCA Records, it was the fifth solo album after leaving The Monkees. The album was recorded and released in 1972; all ten tracks had been composed by Nesmith prior to and during his time as a member of The Monkees. The album features Nesmith on vocals and acoustic guitar and long-time accompanist Red Rhodes on pedal steel guitar. Nesmith has stated that the title of the album is a reaction to the record label repeatedly asking him to Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who said the hits just keep on coming

Michael Nesmith

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Who Let the Dogs Out? Content: Who Let the Dogs Out? "Who Let the Dogs Out?" is a song performed by the Bahamian group Baha Men, released as a single on July 26, 2000. Originally written by Anslem Douglas (titled "Doggie") for the Trinidad and Tobago Carnival season of 1998, it was covered by producer Jonathan King who sang it under the name Fat Jakk and his Pack of Pets. He brought the song to the attention of his friend Steve Greenberg, who then had the Baha Men cover the song. The song became the band's first hit in the United Kingdom and the United States, Passage-1 Title: Who Let the Dogs Out? Content: by Liverpool fans (a reference to Liverpool's cup treble in 2001) were followed soon after by opposition fans' chants of 'Hou had a heart attack' (a reference to Houllier's illness in October 2001). Who Let the Dogs Out? "Who Let the Dogs Out?" is a song performed by the Bahamian group Baha Men, released as a single on July 26, 2000. Originally written by Anslem Douglas (titled "Doggie") for the Trinidad and Tobago Carnival season of 1998, it was covered by producer Jonathan King who sang it under the name Fat Jakk and his Pack of Pets. He brought the Passage-2 Title: Who Let the Dogs Out? Content: and it gained popularity after appearing in "" and its soundtrack album. The song peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart, as well as topping the charts in Australia and New Zealand, and reached the Top 40 in the United States. It was Britain's fourth biggest-selling single of 2000, and went on to become one of the highest-selling singles of the decade not to reach number-one. The track went on to win the Grammy for Best Dance Recording on the 2001 Grammy Awards. The song was the subject of a major lawsuit over copyright ownership that was settled. Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who made the song who let the dogs out

Baha Men

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Winnie-the-Pooh (book) Content: Bath". The bouncy toy-tiger character of Tigger is not introduced until the sequel, "The House at Pooh Corner". In 2003, "Winnie the Pooh" was listed at number 7 on the BBC's survey The Big Read. The book "Winnie-the-Pooh" is the first in a series of books published in the 1920s about Winnie the Pooh and friends. In creating these volumes, Milne adapted stories he had originally published in "Punch", "St. Nicholas Magazine", "Vanity Fair" and other periodicals. Illustrations for those magazines had been provided by J. H. Dowd, Reginald Birch, E. H. Shepard, A. H. Watson and others. The first Passage-1 Title: Winnie-the-Pooh Content: Winnie-the-Pooh Winnie-the-Pooh, also called Pooh Bear, is a fictional anthropomorphic teddy bear created by English author A. A. Milne. The first collection of stories about the character was the book "Winnie-the-Pooh" (1926), and this was followed by "The House at Pooh Corner" (1928). Milne also included a poem about the bear in the children's verse book "When We Were Very Young" (1924) and many more in "Now We Are Six" (1927). All four volumes were illustrated by E. H. Shepard. The Pooh stories have been translated into many languages, including Alexander Lenard's Latin translation, "Winnie ille Pu", which was first Passage-2 Title: Winnie-the-Pooh Content: The landscapes depicted in E. H. Shepard's illustrations for the Winnie-the-Pooh books were directly inspired by the distinctive landscape of Ashdown Forest, with its high, open heathlands of heather, gorse, bracken and silver birch punctuated by hilltop clumps of pine trees. Many of Shepard's illustrations can be matched to actual views, allowing for a degree of artistic licence. Shepard's sketches of pine trees and other forest scenes are held at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London. The game of Poohsticks was originally played by Christopher Milne on a footbridge across a tributary of the River Medway in Posingford Wood, Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who illustrated the original winnie the pooh books

E. H. Shepard

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Origins of the War of 1812 Content: the territorial expansion. On the first of June 1812, President James Madison gave a speech to the U.S. Congress, recounting American grievances against Great Britain, though not specifically calling for a declaration of war. After Madison's speech, the House of Representatives quickly voted (79 to 49) to declare war, and the Senate by 19 to 13. The conflict formally began on 18 June 1812 when Madison signed the measure into law. This was the first time that the United States had declared war on another nation, and the Congressional vote would prove to be the closest vote to declare war Passage-1 Title: War of 1812 Content: much to the annoyance of both American and British generals, who often complained about their unreliability. On June 1, 1812, President James Madison sent a message to Congress recounting American grievances against Great Britain, though not specifically calling for a declaration of war. After Madison's message, the House of Representatives deliberated for four days behind closed doors before voting 79 to 49 (61%) in favor of the first declaration of war. The Senate concurred in the declaration by a 19 to 13 (59%) vote in favour. The conflict began formally on June 18, 1812, when Madison signed the measure into Passage-2 Title: United States declaration of war upon the United Kingdom Content: United States declaration of war upon the United Kingdom An Act Declaring War between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Dependencies Thereof and the United States of America and Their Territories was passed by the 12th United States Congress on June 18, 1812, thereby beginning the War of 1812. It was signed by James Madison, the 4th President of the United States. "Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled", That war be and is hereby declared to exist between the United Kingdom of Great Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: he asked congress to declare war against great britain in 1812

President James Madison

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Member state of the European Union Content: EU than others. In most cases this is because those states have gained an opt-out from a certain policy area. The most notable is the opt-out from the Economic and Monetary Union, the adoption of the euro as sole legal currency. Most states outside the Eurozone are obliged to adopt the euro when they are ready, but Denmark and the United Kingdom have obtained the right to retain their own independent currencies. Ireland and the United Kingdom also do not participate in the Schengen Agreement, which eliminates internal EU border checks. Denmark has an opt out from the Common Security Passage-1 Title: Eurozone Content: EU states (except for Denmark and the United Kingdom) are obliged to join once they meet the criteria to do so. No state has left, and there are no provisions to do so or to be expelled. Andorra, Monaco, San Marino, and Vatican City have formal agreements with the EU to use the euro as their official currency and issue their own coins. Kosovo and Montenegro have adopted the euro unilaterally, but these countries do not officially form part of the eurozone and do not have representation in the European Central Bank (ECB) or in the Eurogroup. The ECB, which Passage-2 Title: Euro Content: with future members of the EU, the enlargement of the eurozone is set to continue. Outside the EU, the euro is also the sole currency of Montenegro and Kosovo and several European microstates (Andorra, Monaco, San Marino and the Vatican City) as well as in five overseas territories of EU members that are not themselves part of the EU (Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, the French Southern and Antarctic Lands and Akrotiri and Dhekelia). Together this direct usage of the euro outside the EU affects nearly 3 million people. The euro has been used as a trading Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: which countries in the european union don't use the euro

Denmark

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: IPhone (1st generation) Content: IPhone (1st generation) The iPhone (colloquially known as the iPhone 2G after 2008) is the first smartphone model designed and marketed by Apple Inc. After years of rumors and speculation, it was officially announced on January 9, 2007, and was later released in the United States on June 29, 2007. It featured quad-band GSM cellular connectivity with GPRS and EDGE support for data transfer. Development of the iPhone dated back to 2005, when former Apple CEO Steve Jobs conceptualized the idea of a device that users could directly interface with the display. The design was expanded upon over the next Passage-1 Title: History of iPhone Content: the phones on June 29, 2012. T-Mobile began offering iPhone on April 12, 2013. On November 9, 2007, the iPhone was officially launched As in the case of the previous launch in the US, customers lined up as much as a day in advance to obtain the much-anticipated phone. Apple occasionally produced a limited number of 4GB iPhones for German and UK markets, but they never reached end customers and were used as in-store demo units. Later most of the units were disposed of. The initial operating model of locking iPhone owners to one selected carrier has been controversial in Passage-2 Title: IPhone Content: to develop the iPhone's hardware and software in-house and even paid Apple a fraction of its monthly service revenue (until the iPhone 3G), in exchange for four years of exclusive US sales, until 2011. Jobs unveiled the iPhone to the public on January 9, 2007, at the Macworld 2007 convention at the Moscone Center in San Francisco. The two initial models, a 4 GB model priced at US$499 and an 8 GB model at US$599 (both requiring a two-year contract), went on sale in the United States on June 29, 2007, at 6:00 pm local time, while hundreds of customers Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did the first i phone came out

June 29, 2007

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Circus Maximus Content: Circus Maximus The Circus Maximus (Latin for "greatest" or "largest circus"; Italian: Circo Massimo) is an ancient Roman chariot-racing stadium and mass entertainment venue located in Rome, Italy. Situated in the valley between the Aventine and Palatine Hills, it was the first and largest stadium in ancient Rome and its later Empire. It measured in length and in width and could accommodate over 250,000 spectators. In its fully developed form, it became the model for circuses throughout the Roman Empire. The site is now a public park. The Circus was Rome's largest venue for "ludi," public games connected to Roman Passage-1 Title: Circus Maximus Content: tour. The Circus has also hosted victory celebrations, following the Italian World Cup 2006 victory and the A.S. Roma Serie A victory in 2001. Circus Maximus The Circus Maximus (Latin for "greatest" or "largest circus"; Italian: Circo Massimo) is an ancient Roman chariot-racing stadium and mass entertainment venue located in Rome, Italy. Situated in the valley between the Aventine and Palatine Hills, it was the first and largest stadium in ancient Rome and its later Empire. It measured in length and in width and could accommodate over 250,000 spectators. In its fully developed form, it became the model for circuses Passage-2 Title: Circus of Carthage Content: Circus of Carthage The Circus of Carthage is a Roman circus in Carthage, in present-day Tunisia. Used for chariot racing, it was modeled on the Circus Maximus in Rome and other circus buildings throughout the Roman Empire. Measuring more than 470 m in length and 30 m in width, it could house up to 45,000 spectators. When exactly the Circus of Carthage was built is unknown, as it was used for several years before its official dedication. The building seems to have been constructing sometime around 238 AD. The people of the city of Carthage joined together in the circus Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: how many spectators could the circus maximus hold

over 150,000

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Martin Kove Content: to have a featured role in the second season of the series which is scheduled to air on YouTube Premium in 2019. Martin Kove Martin Kove (born March 6, 1946) is an American film and television actor most recognized for his role as the psychopathic Cobra Kai sensei John Kreese in the "Karate Kid" film series. He is also known for his work in films such as "" (1985) and on television series such as "Cagney & Lacey" as Victor Isbecki. Martin Kove was born in Brooklyn, New York City and had a Jewish upbringing. Kove appeared as Cully in Passage-1 Title: Martin Kove Content: Martin Kove Martin Kove (born March 6, 1946) is an American film and television actor most recognized for his role as the psychopathic Cobra Kai sensei John Kreese in the "Karate Kid" film series. He is also known for his work in films such as "" (1985) and on television series such as "Cagney & Lacey" as Victor Isbecki. Martin Kove was born in Brooklyn, New York City and had a Jewish upbringing. Kove appeared as Cully in the 1967-1969 CBS series, "Gentle Ben", with Dennis Weaver and Clint Howard. He was cast as George Baker in the short-lived CBS Passage-2 Title: No More Kings Content: of Band Website of the year. No More Kings received much of their exposure from their 2007 music video "Sweep the Leg", which incorporates elements of the 1984 film "The Karate Kid" and features appearances by nearly the entire original cast. Martin Kove reprises his role as Sensei Kreese, and actors who played the Cobra Kai members in the 1984 film, Ron Thomas, Rob Garrison, and Tony O'Dell are also part of the cast. William Zabka, who played villain Johnny Lawrence in the film, directed the video. Pat E. Johnson, who was the martial arts director for the film as Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who played the cobra kai sensei in the karate kid

Martin Kove

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Federal tribunals in the United States Content: States Constitution from which the tribunal's authority stems. The use of the term "tribunal" in this context as a blanket term to encompass both courts and other adjudicative entities comes from section 8 of Article I of the Constitution, which expressly grants Congress the power to constitute tribunals inferior to the U.S. Supreme Court. Article III courts (also called Article III tribunals) are the U.S. Supreme Court and the inferior courts of the United States established by the Congress, which currently are the 13 United States courts of appeals, the 91 United States district courts (including the districts of D.C. Passage-1 Title: Article Three of the United States Constitution Content: that is explicitly established by the Constitution. During the Constitutional Convention, a proposal was made for the Supreme Court to be the only federal court, having both original jurisdiction and appellate jurisdiction. This proposal was rejected in favor of the provision that exists today. Under this provision, the Congress may create inferior (i.e., lower) courts under both Article III, Section 1, and Article I, Section 8. The Article III courts, which are also known as "constitutional courts", were first created by the Judiciary Act of 1789, and are the only courts with judicial power. Article I courts, which are also Passage-2 Title: Federal government of the United States Content: Protection Agency (EPA), and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). In addition, there are government-owned corporations such as the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the National Railroad Passenger Corporation. The Judiciary explains and applies the laws. This branch does this by hearing and eventually making decisions on various legal cases. Article III section I of the Constitution establishes the Supreme Court of the United States and authorizes the United States Congress to establish inferior courts as their need shall arise. Section I also establishes a lifetime tenure for all federal judges and states that their compensation may not Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who is given the power to establish the inferior courts of the federal system

Congress

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Rhône wine Content: Ventoux AOC, Côtes du Vivarais AOC, Lirac AOC, Tavel AOC and Vacqueyras AOC may contain even more varieties in the blend. Gigondas AOC, on the other hand, is predominantly made from Grenache noir has a more restricted set of permitted grapes. Depending on the specific AOC rules, grapes blended into southern Rhône reds may include Grenache, Syrah, Mourvèdre, Carignan and Cinsault. Similar wine blends globally are known as GSM, after the first three varietals. The reds from the left bank are full bodied, rich in tannins while young, and are characterized by their aromas of prune, undergrowth, chocolate and ripe Passage-1 Title: Rhône wine Content: rise to a wide diversity of wines. A feature of the cultivation of the region is the use of large pebbles around the bases of the vines to absorb the heat of the sun during the day to keep the vines warm at night when, due to the cloudless skies, there is often a significant drop in temperature. The southern Rhône's most famous red wine is Châteauneuf-du-Pape, a blend containing up to 19 varieties of wine grapes (ten red and nine white) as permitted by the Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC rules. Other nearby AOC regions including Coteaux du Tricastin AOC, Côtes du Passage-2 Title: Château de Beaucastel Content: Château de Beaucastel Château de Beaucastel is a winery located in the southern part of the Rhône valley in France, which is primarily noted for its Châteauneuf du Pape wines produced in a long-lived style. For its red Châteauneuf du Pape, Beaucastel includes all 13 grape varieties that are traditionally part of the blend, and uses a higher-than-usual proportion of Mourvèdre. The special "Vielles Vignes" cuvée of Beaucastel's white Châteauneuf du Pape is a varietal Roussanne wine, which is rare in Rhône and rarer in Châteauneuf du Pape. Château de Beaucastel holds a total of of land, of which is Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: this wine from southern rhône valley has from 13 to 19 different varieties approved for blending

Châteauneuf-du-Pape

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Passive transport Content: Passive transport Passive transport is a movement of ions and other atomic or molecular substances across cell membranes without need of energy input. Unlike active transport, it does not require an input of cellular energy because it is instead driven by the tendency of the system to grow in entropy. The rate of passive transport depends on the permeability of the cell membrane, which, in turn, depends on the organization and characteristics of the membrane lipids and proteins. The four main kinds of passive transport are simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, filtration, and/or osmosis. Diffusion is the net movement of material Passage-1 Title: Passive transport Content: concentration until the concentration of the solute is uniform throughout and reaches equilibrium. Osmosis is much like simple diffusion but it specifically describes the movement of water (not the solute) across a selectively permeable membrane until there is an equal concentration of water and solute on both sides of the membrane. Simple diffusion and osmosis are both forms of passive transport and require none of the cell's ATP energy. Facilitated diffusion, also called carrier-mediated osmosis, is the movement of molecules across the cell membrane via special transport proteins that are embedded in the plasma membrane by actively taking up or Passage-2 Title: Transport protein Content: transport substances. The proteins may assist in the movement of substances by facilitated diffusion (i.e., passive transport) or active transport. These mechanisms of movement are known as carrier-mediated transport. Each carrier protein is designed to recognize only one substance or one group of very similar substances. Research has correlated defects in specific carrier proteins with specific diseases. A membrane transport protein (or simply "transporter") is a membrane protein that acts as such a carrier. A vesicular transport protein is a transmembrane or membrane associated protein. It regulates or facilitates the movement by vesicles of the contents of the cell. Transport Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: form of passive transport that uses transport proteins

Facilitated diffusion

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Dominican Republic Content: blacks and enslave them as well. After a dozen years of discontent and failed independence plots by various opposing groups, Santo Domingo's former Lieutenant-Governor (top administrator), José Núñez de Cáceres, declared the colony's independence from the Spanish crown as Spanish Haiti, on November 30, 1821. This period is also known as the Ephemeral independence. The newly independent republic ended two months later under the Haitian government led by Jean-Pierre Boyer. As Toussaint Louverture had done two decades earlier, the Haitians abolished slavery. In order to raise funds for the huge indemnity of 150 million francs that Haiti agreed to pay Passage-1 Title: Santo Domingo Content: along with the colony it headed. The city was ceded to France in 1795 after years of struggles, it was briefly captured by Haitian rebels in 1801, recovered by France in 1802, and was once again reclaimed by Spain in 1809. In 1821 Santo Domingo became the capital of an independent nation after the Criollo bourgeois within the country, led by José Núñez de Cáceres, overthrew the Spanish crown. The nation was unified with Haiti just two months later. The city and the colony lost much of their Spanish-born peninsular population as a result of these events which caused a Passage-2 Title: Dominican Republic Content: the city of Santo Domingo; these were used by Hérard to suppress the uprising. On February 27, 1844, the surviving members of "La Trinitaria" declared the independence from Haiti. They were backed by Pedro Santana, a wealthy cattle rancher from El Seibo, who became general of the army of the nascent republic. The Dominican Republic's first Constitution was adopted on November 6, 1844, and was modeled after the United States Constitution. The decades that followed were filled with tyranny, factionalism, economic difficulties, rapid changes of government, and exile for political opponents. Archrivals Santana and Buenaventura Báez held power most of Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did santo domingo liberate itself from haiti and change its name to dominican republic

1844

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Carteret County, North Carolina Content: Carteret County, North Carolina Carteret County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2010 census, the population was 66,469. Its county seat is Beaufort. The county was created in 1722 as Carteret Precinct and gained county status in 1739. It was named for Sir George Carteret, one of the 17th century English Lords Proprietor, or for his descendant and heir John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville. Carteret County comprises the Morehead City, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the New Bern-Morehead City, NC Combined Statistical Area. Most of the county is Passage-1 Title: Morehead City, North Carolina Content: Morehead City, North Carolina Morehead City is a port town in Carteret County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 8,661 at the 2010 census. Morehead City celebrated the 150th anniversary of its founding on May 5, 2007. It forms part of the Crystal Coast. By the early 1850s, a group of investors had been formed and incorporated a land development project known as the "Shepard Point Land Company" which purchased of land on the eastern tip of the peninsula bordering the Newport River, known then as "Shepards Point", which is the present location of Morehead City. The Shepard Point Passage-2 Title: Morehead Township, Guilford County, North Carolina Content: Morehead Township, Guilford County, North Carolina Morehead Township is a township in Guilford County, North Carolina. The population at the 2010 census was 195,218. °State: North Carolina °County: Guilford °Metro Area: Greensboro Area °City: Greensboro °ZIP Codes: 27235, 27265, 27282, 27358, 27401, 27403, 27405, 27406, 27407, 27408, 27409, 27410, 27455 °Unified School District: Guilford County °Congressional Districts: NC-6, NC-12 °State Senate Districts: NC-26, NC-27, NC-28 °State House Districts: NC-57, NC-58, NC-59, NC-60, NC-61, NC-62 °Neighboring Townships: Bruce, Center Grove, Deep River, Fentress, Friendship, Gilmer, Jamestown, Monroe, Sumner °Nearby Townships: Abbotts Creek, Abbotts Creek, Belews Creek, Clay, High Point, Jefferson, Kernersville, Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what county is morehead city north carolina in

Carteret County

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Atlético Madrid Content: Atlético Madrid Club Atlético de Madrid, SAD (), commonly known as Atlético Madrid, or simply as Atlético or Atleti, is a Spanish professional football club based in Madrid, that play in La Liga. The club play their home games at the Wanda Metropolitano, which has a capacity of 68,000. In terms of the league titles won, most recently in 2014, Atlético Madrid are the third most successful club in Spanish football - behind Real Madrid and Barcelona. Atlético have won La Liga on 10 occasions, including a league and cup double in 1996; the Copa del Rey on 10 occasions; Passage-1 Title: Atlético Madrid Content: is club's biggest sale. Atlético Madrid Club Atlético de Madrid, SAD (), commonly known as Atlético Madrid, or simply as Atlético or Atleti, is a Spanish professional football club based in Madrid, that play in La Liga. The club play their home games at the Wanda Metropolitano, which has a capacity of 68,000. In terms of the league titles won, most recently in 2014, Atlético Madrid are the third most successful club in Spanish football - behind Real Madrid and Barcelona. Atlético have won La Liga on 10 occasions, including a league and cup double in 1996; the Copa del Passage-2 Title: 2013–14 Atlético Madrid season Content: 2013–14 Atlético Madrid season The 2013–14 season was Atlético Madrid's 83rd season in the club's history and the club's 77th season in La Liga, the top league of Spanish football. "Los Colchoneros" were crowned champions for the 10th time, by drawing against Barcelona in the last league game. The "Rojiblancos" played against Real Madrid at the Estádio da Luz, Lisbon, in the 2014 UEFA Champions League Final on 24 May 2014, but lost 4–1 after extra time. Supplier: Nike / Main Sponsor: Azerbaijan / Back Sponsor: Kyocera ! colspan=14 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center|"Goalkeepers" ! colspan=14 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center|"Defenders" ! colspan=14 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center|"Midfielders" ! Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did atletico madrid last win la liga

2016–17 competition

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Beauty and the Beast (2017 film) Content: McKellen, and Emma Thompson in supporting roles. Principal photography began at Shepperton Studios in Surrey, England on May 18, 2015, and ended on August 21. With an estimated budget of around $255 million, it is one of the most expensive films ever made. "Beauty and the Beast" premiered at Spencer House in London on February 23, 2017, and was released in the United States in standard, Disney Digital 3-D, RealD 3D, IMAX and IMAX 3D formats, along with Dolby Cinema on March 17, 2017. The film received generally favorable reviews, with many praising the performances and its faithfulness to the Passage-1 Title: Beauty and the Beast (2017 film) Content: in 3D on March 17, 2017. The first official presentation of the film took place at Disney's three-day D23 Expo in August 2015. The world premiere of "Beauty and the Beast" took place at Spencer House in London, England on February 23, 2017; and the film later premiered at the El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood, California, on March 2, 2017. The stream was broadcast onto YouTube. A sing along version of the film released in over 1,200 US theaters nationwide on April 7, 2017. The United Kingdom received the same version on April 21, 2017. The film was re-released in Passage-2 Title: Beauty and the Beast (franchise) Content: to Disney Consumer Products' Disney Princess franchise. "Beauty and the Beast" is the original film of the franchise. It was directed by Gary Trousdale and Kirk Wise. It was produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation, and released in 1991. "Beauty and the Beast" is the 30th Disney animated feature film and belongs to an era known as the Disney Renaissance. The plot of the film is based on the fairy tale "Beauty and the Beast" by Jeanne-Marie Le Prince de Beaumont. "" is the first direct-to-video installment of the film series and served as a holiday special. It was directed Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did beauty and the beast movie come out

1991

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Did I Shave My Legs for This? (song) Content: Did I Shave My Legs for This? (song) "Did I Shave My Legs for This?" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Deana Carter. It was released in November 1997 as the fifth single and title track from the album "Did I Shave My Legs for This?". The song reached #25 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. The song was written by Carter and Rhonda Hart. The song humorously describes about a marriage that is obviously opposite of one in a traditional manner, particularly because the wife -- the female narrator -- fantasizes Passage-1 Title: Did I Shave My Legs for This? Content: Did I Shave My Legs for This? Did I Shave My Legs for This? is the debut album of American country artist Deana Carter, released via Patriot Records in the UK in 1995. In 1996, Capitol Records had Carter record new material for the North American release of the album, which included three songs from the original release. This version features her breakthrough debut single "Strawberry Wine", a Number One hit on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts at the end of that year. "We Danced Anyway", "Count Me In", "How Do I Get Passage-2 Title: Strawberry Wine (Deana Carter song) Content: Strawberry Wine (Deana Carter song) "Strawberry Wine" is a song written by Matraca Berg and Gary Harrison, and recorded by American country music artist Deana Carter. It was released in August 1996 as Carter's debut single and the first from her debut album "Did I Shave My Legs for This?". The song also became Carter's first number 1 hit on both the US "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart and the Canadian "RPM" Country Tracks. "Strawberry Wine" is Carter's most successful single overall, and is considered a signature song both for her and for songwriter Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who wrote did i shave my legs for this

Deana Carter

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Crocodile (Black Mirror) Content: Crocodile (Black Mirror) "Crocodile" is the third episode of the fourth series of anthology series "Black Mirror". It was written by Charlie Brooker and directed by John Hillcoat. The episode first aired on Netflix, along with the rest of series four, on 29 December 2017. Filmed in Iceland, the episode centres on Mia (Andrea Riseborough) who is distressed about having helped her friend Rob (Andrew Gower) cover up a hit-and-run death. Fifteen years later, Rob wants to confess their crime, leading Mia to kill him and dispose of his body. Shortly after, Mia witnesses a road accident between a pedestrian Passage-1 Title: Crocodile (Black Mirror) Content: first partners being Pizza Hut to create a self-driving pizza delivery truck. Commentators pointed out the coincidence of this announcement shortly after the first broadcast of "Crocodile", and the official Twitter account for "Black Mirror" commented on the announcement, "We know how this goes." Crocodile (Black Mirror) "Crocodile" is the third episode of the fourth series of anthology series "Black Mirror". It was written by Charlie Brooker and directed by John Hillcoat. The episode first aired on Netflix, along with the rest of series four, on 29 December 2017. Filmed in Iceland, the episode centres on Mia (Andrea Riseborough) who Passage-2 Title: Black Mirror Content: George Blagden, Maxine Peake, Douglas Hodge, and Letitia Wright appear in the fourth series. In addition to Foster, the episodes were directed by Toby Haynes, John Hillcoat, Tim Van Patten, David Slade, and Colm McCarthy. In May 2017, a Reddit post unofficially announced the names and directors of the six episodes in series 4 of "Black Mirror". Filming for the fourth series concluded in June 2017. The first trailer for the series was released by Netflix on 25 August 2017, and contained the six episode titles. In September 2017, two photos from the fourth series were released. Beginning on 24 Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: black mirror season 4 episode 3 shooting locations

Harpa concert hall

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The Young and the Restless characters (2012) Content: saw the birth of Johnny Abbott on-screen. Beth Hortense debuted in June with Sister Celeste beginning her short stint in August. Jamie Vernon first appeared in October, while Alex Chavez and Mason Wilder were introduced in December. Anita Lawson first appeared on February 7, 2012, as the mother of Chelsea Lawson (Melissa Claire Egan). Casting for the role was announced on January 6, 2012. She is portrayed by former "The Dukes of Hazzard" actress Catherine Bach on a recurring basis. "Entertainment Weekly" reported that Anita is "the scheming mother of Chelsea". The character of Anita first aired on February 7, Passage-1 Title: Embeth Davidtz Content: as Amy, part of a fractious couple alongside Josh Charles's Jake. She portrayed the unfaithful and unfortunate wife of Anthony Hopkins's character in the 2007 drama "Fracture". From 2009 to 2012, she played Rebecca Pryce, wife of Lane Pryce, in the hit AMC television show "Mad Men". She also played Felicia Koons, the wife of the dean and the mother of Becca's best friend, Chelsea, on Showtime's "Californication". Davidtz played Annika Blomkvist in David Fincher's adaptation of "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo". She also appeared in Marc Webb's Spider-Man reboot "The Amazing Spider-Man" as Peter Parker's mother Mary, who Passage-2 Title: Melissa Claire Egan Content: Melissa Claire Egan Melissa Claire Egan (born September 28, 1981) is an American actress, best known for her roles as Annie Lavery on "All My Children" and Chelsea Lawson on "The Young and the Restless". Egan was born to Mary and Dennis Egan, and is the middle child. She has two brothers, Ryan and Scott. She became engaged to Matt Katrosar in February 2013, and the couple were wed on July 26, 2014, in Santa Barbara, California. Egan graduated from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill with a B.A. in Dramatic Art. Egan has guest starred on such Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: chelsea's mother on young and the restless

Catherine Bach

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Journey to the Center of the Earth (2008 theatrical film) Content: of $60 million for release in 2008. On April 16, 2003, it was announced that Brendan Fraser, Anita Briem, Josh Hutcherson, Seth Meyers, Jean-Michel Paré, Jane Wheeler, Giancarlo Caltabiano and Garth Gilker joined the film. On 9 December 2005, it was announced that Andrew Lockington would compose the music for the film. On March 2006, development and filming of the film was completed in Canada and Iceland. On April 20, 2006, principal photography and production began. On January 2, 2007, New Line Cinema acquired distribution rights to the film. "Journey to the Center of the Earth" was filmed in 2006. Passage-1 Title: Journey 2: The Mysterious Island Content: Journey 2: The Mysterious Island Journey 2: The Mysterious Island is a 2012 American science fiction comedy adventure film directed by Brad Peyton and produced by Beau Flynn, Tripp Vinson and Charlotte Huggins. It is the sequel to "Journey to the Center of the Earth" (2008). Following the first film, the sequel is based on another Jules Verne novel, this time "The Mysterious Island". The film stars Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson, Michael Caine, Josh Hutcherson, Vanessa Hudgens, Luis Guzmán, and Kristin Davis. The story was written by Richard Outten, Brian Gunn and Mark Gunn, and the screenplay by Brian and Passage-2 Title: Josh Hutcherson Content: of any age." In 2008, he appeared in the independent crime drama "Winged Creatures" (released as "Fragments" on DVD) alongside Dakota Fanning as they portrayed two teenage friends who survive a massacre, and in "Journey to the Center of the Earth", a 3D film adaptation of the novel of the same name where he portrayed a teen who travels to Iceland with an uncle he hardly knows, played by Brendan Fraser. Over the next two years, he appeared as a boy named Steve "Leopard" Leonard who visits a freak show with his friends in the vampire fiction of the book Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who plays the boy in journey to the center of the earth

Josh Hutcherson

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Lemonade (Beyoncé album) Content: of radio play. At the end of 2016, "Lemonade" appeared on a number of critics' lists ranking the year's top albums. According to Metacritic, it was the second most prominently ranked record of 2016. "Lemonade" was ranked as the best album of the year by such publications as "Rolling Stone", "Billboard", "Entertainment Weekly", "The Guardian", "Digital Spy", "The Independent", "The Associated Press", "The New York Times" (Jon Pareles list), "Los Angeles Times" (Mikael Wood list), "Pop Matters", "Pretty Much Amazing", Idolator, "Stereogum", "Complex", "Consequence of Sound", "Wired", and "US Weekly". "Paste", "USA Today," "NPR" also included the release on their Passage-1 Title: 2016 BET Hip Hop Awards Content: Chance the Rapper – "Coloring Book" Kendrick Lamar – "Freedom" J. Cole – "Love Yourz" Travis Scott – "Antidote" 2016 BET Hip Hop Awards The 2016 BET Hip Hop Awards were held on September 17, 2016 and aired on October 4, 2016 at Atlanta’s Cobb Energy Performing Arts Centre. The nominations were announced on August 18, 2016. For a third consecutive year, Drake heads the list of nominations for the BET Hip-Hop Awards. His 14 nods include Album of the Year, Best Live Performer, Lyricist of the Year, Best Hip-Hop Video and three in the Best Collabo, Duo or Group Passage-2 Title: 2016 iHeartRadio Music Awards Content: the Year categories (the previous two years featured simply Artist of the Year). Swift was the big winner of the night with four awards, including Best Tour and Album of the Year. Out of the 29 categories, the awards also feature 7 fan-voted categories including Best Fan Army, Best Lyrics and Best Collaboration, as well as four new categories: Best Cover Song, Best Song from a Movie, Biggest Triple Threat and Most Meme-Able Moment. Voting took place via the iHeartRadio website from February 9 through March 25, except for Fan Army and Meme-Able Moment, which continued through the evening of Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who won best album of the year 2016

Taylor Swift

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: California Gold Rush Content: California Gold Rush The California Gold Rush (1848–1855) began on January 24, 1848, when gold was found by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California. The news of gold brought approximately 300,000 people to California from the rest of the United States and abroad. The sudden influx of gold into the money supply reinvigorated the American economy, and the sudden population increase allowed California to go rapidly to statehood, in the Compromise of 1850. The Gold Rush had severe effects on Native Californians and resulted in a precipitous population decline from disease, genocide and starvation. By the time Passage-1 Title: California Gold Rush Content: it ended, California had gone from a thinly populated ex-Mexican territory, to having one of its first two U.S. Senators, John C. Frémont, selected to be the first presidential nominee for the new Republican Party, in 1856. The effects of the Gold Rush were substantial. Whole indigenous societies were attacked and pushed off their lands by the gold-seekers, called "forty-niners" (referring to 1849, the peak year for Gold Rush immigration). Outside of California, the first to arrive were from Oregon, the Sandwich Islands (Hawaii), and Latin America in late 1848. Of the approximately 300,000 people who came to California during Passage-2 Title: California Gold Rush Content: others. California Gold Rush The California Gold Rush (1848–1855) began on January 24, 1848, when gold was found by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California. The news of gold brought approximately 300,000 people to California from the rest of the United States and abroad. The sudden influx of gold into the money supply reinvigorated the American economy, and the sudden population increase allowed California to go rapidly to statehood, in the Compromise of 1850. The Gold Rush had severe effects on Native Californians and resulted in a precipitous population decline from disease, genocide and starvation. By the Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: someone who went to california during the gold rush

Samuel Brannan

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: One Tree Hill (season 9) Content: One Tree Hill (season 9) The ninth and final season of "One Tree Hill", an American television series created by Mark Schwahn for The WB Television Network. The series was officially renewed by The CW for a ninth season on May 17, 2011; two days later, the network announced that the ninth season would serve as the series' final season. Premiering on January 11, 2012, the series aired its 13 episodes uninterrupted. Series leads Bethany Joy Lenz and Sophia Bush continue as full-time regulars, while James Lafferty returned as a part-time regular. Paul Johansson and Tyler Hilton both return to Passage-1 Title: One Tree Hill (TV series) Content: season, although accounts of what transpired vary. Their characters (Lucas and Peyton) had been two of the five main protagonists, and had provided one of its central love stories, throughout the show. On May 17, 2011, The CW renewed "One Tree Hill" for a ninth and final season, placing an order for 13 episodes. Bethany Joy Lenz (Haley) and Sophia Bush (Brooke) were signed as full-time regulars for one final season, and Lafferty appeared as a part-time regular. Murray returned for a special appearance during the final season, which premiered on January 11, 2012. The show is the fourth longest Passage-2 Title: One Tree Hill (season 9) Content: which made for some excellent behind-the-scenes footage that we've included here, along with our last, explosive, emotional season of One Tree Hill," said Mark Schwahn. One Tree Hill (season 9) The ninth and final season of "One Tree Hill", an American television series created by Mark Schwahn for The WB Television Network. The series was officially renewed by The CW for a ninth season on May 17, 2011; two days later, the network announced that the ninth season would serve as the series' final season. Premiering on January 11, 2012, the series aired its 13 episodes uninterrupted. Series leads Bethany Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when was the last episode of one tree hill aired

April 4, 2012

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: MS Dhoni Content: second game of the series, he scored 134 off 122 balls, that included a 256-run partnership for the fourth wicket along with Yuvraj Singh. The hundred, his tenth in ODIs, was his first in over three years. In August 2017, against Sri Lanka, he became the first wicketkeeper to effect 100 stumpings surpassing the earlier record held by Kumar Sangakkara (99). On 8 February 2018, Dhoni became the first Indian wicket-keeper to effect 400 dismissals in ODI cricket, he achieved this feat during the third ODI against South Africa following the stumping of Aiden Markram. On 14 July 2018 during Passage-1 Title: Kumar Sangakkara Content: handed his wicket-keeping duties in Test cricket to Prasanna Jayawardene in 2006. He played as a specialist batsman in Tests, and retired as a wicket keeper-batsman in other formats of the game. He is the first on the list of wicket keepers who contributed to the most number of dismissals in ODI cricket, With 499. He is also the wicket keeper with the second highest number of stumpings—99—in ODI cricket after Mahendra Singh Dhoni surpassed him. He has won a certain degree of admiration for his clever use of sledging and is one of few cricketers who are willing to Passage-2 Title: Saleem Yousuf Content: Saleem Yousuf Saleem Yousuf (born 7 December 1959) is a former Pakistani cricketer who played in 32 Tests and 86 ODIs from 1982 to 1990. He was a wicketkeeper. He made his highest Test score of 91 not out against England at Edgbaston in 1987. One of his most memorable innings was in a match against the West Indies in the 1987 World Cup, which turned certain defeat into victory for Pakistan. In 1990, Saleem Yousuf became the first wicketkeeper to record 3 stumpings in an ODI innings and still jointly holds the record for the most number of stumpings Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who became the first wicket keeper with hundred odi stumpings

Mahendra Singh Dhoni

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Helena, Montana Content: Helena, Montana Helena is the state capital of the U.S. state of Montana and the county seat of Lewis and Clark County. Helena was founded as a gold camp during the Montana gold rush, and was established in 1864. Over $3.6 billion of gold was extracted in the city limits over a duration of two decades, making it one of the wealthiest cities in the United States by the late nineteenth century. The concentration of wealth contributed to the city's prominent, elaborate Victorian architecture. At the 2010 census Helena's population was 28,190, making it the fifth least populous state capital Passage-1 Title: Montana State Capitol Content: Montana State Capitol The Montana State Capitol is the state capitol of the U.S. state of Montana. It houses the Montana State Legislature and is located in the state capital of Helena at 1301 East Sixth Avenue. The building was constructed between 1896 and 1902 with wing-annexes added between 1909 and 1912. A design competition for the building was conducted in 1896. The commission selected a design by George R. Mann as the winner. In 1897, after it was found that the Commission was planning to scam money from the building project, it was disbanded and a second Capitol Commission Passage-2 Title: Helena, Montana Content: Area is 205th in size, as defined by Nielsen Media Research, and is the fifth smallest media market in the nation. Helena, Montana Helena is the state capital of the U.S. state of Montana and the county seat of Lewis and Clark County. Helena was founded as a gold camp during the Montana gold rush, and was established in 1864. Over $3.6 billion of gold was extracted in the city limits over a duration of two decades, making it one of the wealthiest cities in the United States by the late nineteenth century. The concentration of wealth contributed to the Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: the state capital of the us state of montana

Helena

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Panic! at the Disco Content: in which profits from the tour went straight to environmental organizations. In spring 2009, the band began recording material for its third studio album. However, on July 6, 2009, Ryan Ross and Jon Walker announced via the band's official website that the two were leaving the band. In an interview following the split, Ross explained that he first brought the idea to Smith in late June 2009 over lunch: "Spencer and I had lunch and caught up for a while, and then the big question came up, like, 'Well, what do you want to do?' and I said, 'Well, I Passage-1 Title: Panic! at the Disco Content: Sins Not Tragedies", the album was certified double platinum in the US. In 2006, founding bassist Brent Wilson was fired from the band during an extensive world tour and subsequently replaced by Jon Walker. Influenced by 1960s rock bands the Beatles, the Zombies and the Beach Boys, and preceded by the single "Nine in the Afternoon", the band's second studio album, "Pretty. Odd." (2008) marked a significant departure from the sound of the band's debut. Ross and Walker, who favored the band's new direction, departed because Urie and Smith wanted to make further changes to the band's style. The duo Passage-2 Title: Panic! at the Disco Content: think it might be best if we kind of do our own thing for a while,' and he said, 'I'm glad you said that, because I was going to say the same thing,'" Ross recalled. "And there was really no argument, which is really the best way that could've worked out." Ross said the split was largely due to creative differences between him and Urie. Urie wanted the band to explore a more polished pop sound, while Ross – and, by extension, Walker – was interested in making retro-inspired rock. The news asserted that both tour plans with blink-182 in Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did panic at the disco split up

July 6, 2009

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Night-blooming cereus Content: Night-blooming cereus Night-blooming cereus is the common name referring to a large number of flowering ceroid cacti that bloom at night. The flowers are short lived, and some of these species, such as "Selenicereus grandiflorus", bloom only once a year, for a single night. Other names for one or more cacti with this habit are princess of the night, Honolulu queen (for "Hylocereus undatus"), Christ in the manger, dama de noche and queen of the night (which is also used for an unrelated plant species). While many cacti referred to as night-blooming cereus belong to the tribe Cereeae, other night-blooming Passage-1 Title: Oenothera lamarckiana Content: Oenothera lamarckiana Oenothera lamarckiana (evening primrose or evening-primrose) is a plant species in family Onagraceae, indigenous to North American Plains (all regions of North America). The species was important to the study of genetics, the debate about the cause of evolution, whether that was natural selection or one of the alternatives such as mutationism, and particularly to the discovery of polyploidy. "Oenothera lamarckiana" is an annual plant, living just one year. It grows quickly up to 24-60 inches. This primrose species blooms heavily, and dies with first frost. Flowers are open in the afternoon and are closed by morning. Flowers Passage-2 Title: Epiphyllum oxypetalum Content: Epiphyllum oxypetalum Epiphyllum oxypetalum (Dutchman's pipe cactus or queen of the night) is a species of cactus and one of the most cultivated species in the genus. "E. oxypetalum" blooms rarely and only at night, and its flowers wilt before dawn. Though it is sometimes referred to as a nightblooming cereus, it is not closely related to any of the species in the tribe Cereeae, such as "Selenicereus", that are more commonly known as nightblooming cereus. All Cereus species bloom at night and are terrestrial plants; all "Epiphyllum" species are usually epiphytic. Epiphyllum oxypetalum is native to Southern Mexico and Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: flowers that bloom only one night a year

Selenicereus grandiflorus

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Alcoholic drink Content: Alcoholic drink An alcoholic drink (or alcoholic beverage) is a drink that contains ethanol, a type of alcohol produced by fermentation of grains, fruits, or other sources of sugar. Drinking alcohol plays an important social role in many cultures. Most countries have laws regulating the production, sale, and consumption of alcoholic beverages. Some countries ban such activities entirely, but alcoholic drinks are legal in most parts of the world. The global alcoholic drink industry exceeded $1 trillion in 2014. Alcohol is a depressant, which in low doses causes euphoria, reduces anxiety, and improves sociability. In higher doses, it causes drunkenness, Passage-1 Title: Ethanol Content: Ethanol Ethanol, also called alcohol, ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, and drinking alcohol, is a chemical compound, a simple alcohol with the chemical formula . Its formula can be also written as −− or − (an ethyl group linked to a hydroxyl group), and is often abbreviated as EtOH. Ethanol is a volatile, flammable, colorless liquid with a slight characteristic odor. It is a psychoactive substance and is the principal type of alcohol found in alcoholic drinks. Ethanol is naturally produced by the fermentation of sugars by yeasts or via petrochemical processes, and is most commonly consumed as a popular recreational Passage-2 Title: Alcohol Content: Alcohol In chemistry, an alcohol is any organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group (–OH) is bound to a carbon. The term alcohol originally referred to the primary alcohol ethanol (ethyl alcohol), which is used as a drug and is the main alcohol present in alcoholic beverages. An important class of alcohols, of which methanol and ethanol are the simplest members, includes all compounds for which the general formula is CHOH. It is these simple monoalcohols that are the subject of this article. The suffix "-ol" appears in the IUPAC chemical name of all substances where the hydroxyl group Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what kind of alcohol is in alcoholic beverages

ethanol

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Tornadoes in the United States Content: Tornadoes in the United States Tornadoes are more common in United States than in any other country. The United States receives more than 1,200 tornadoes annually—four times the amount seen in Europe. Violent tornadoes—those rated EF4 or EF5 on the Enhanced Fujita Scale—occur more often in the United States than in any other country. Most tornadoes in the United States occur east of the Rocky Mountains. The Great Plains, the Midwest, the Mississippi Valley and the southern United States are all areas that are vulnerable to tornadoes. They are relatively rare west of the Rockies and are also less frequent Passage-1 Title: Tornadoes in the United States Content: the United States can occur at any time, they are most common in spring and least common in winter. Because spring is a transitional period for the climate, there are more chances of cooler air meeting with warmer air, resulting in more thunderstorms. Tornadoes can also be spawned by landfalling tropical cyclones, which usually occur in late summer and autumn. In the United States, thunderstorms capable of producing tornadoes usually form when the temperature is at its highest, typically from 4:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m. Although the period in which most tornadoes strike ("tornado season") is March through June, tornadoes Passage-2 Title: Tornado Content: the United States, 80% of tornadoes are EF0 and EF1 (T0 through T3) tornadoes. The rate of occurrence drops off quickly with increasing strength—less than 1% are violent tornadoes (EF4, T8 or stronger). Outside Tornado Alley, and North America in general, violent tornadoes are extremely rare. This is apparently mostly due to the lesser number of tornadoes overall, as research shows that tornado intensity distributions are fairly similar worldwide. A few significant tornadoes occur annually in Europe, Asia, southern Africa, and southeastern South America, respectively. The United States has the most tornadoes of any country, nearly four times more than Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when do the majority of tornadoes occur in north america

March through June

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Lexie Carver Content: Lexie Carver Dr. Alexandra "Lexie" Carver (née Brooks) is a fictional character on the NBC soap opera "Days of Our Lives", created by head writer Leah Laiman. The role has been played most notably by actress Renée Jones, who appeared in the role from 1993 until departing in 2012. She is the daughter of crime boss Stefano DiMera, and the psychic Celeste Perrault. She is the mother of Theo Carver, and the wife of mayor Abe Carver. The role was originated on July 30, 1987, by Cyndi James Gossett on a recurring basis. Gossett last appeared as Lexie on February Passage-1 Title: Theo Carver Content: Theo Carver Theo Carver is a fictional character from the long running American NBC daytime soap opera, "Days of Our Lives". The character was created by then head writer Dena Higley and introduced as the newborn son of Salem's mayor Abe Carver and his doctor wife, Lexie Carver. Child actors, Chase and Tyler Johnson appeared in the role from 2003 to 2004, Kavi Faquir from 2006 to 2007, and Amyrh Harris in 2007. In 2008, child actor Terrell Ransom, Jr. stepped into the role as the character was diagnosed with autism. Theo's autism diagnosis proved to be the character's most Passage-2 Title: Theo Carver Content: Ciara to Sami/Austin and Carrie. "That is not a compliment" she stated. Theo Carver Theo Carver is a fictional character from the long running American NBC daytime soap opera, "Days of Our Lives". The character was created by then head writer Dena Higley and introduced as the newborn son of Salem's mayor Abe Carver and his doctor wife, Lexie Carver. Child actors, Chase and Tyler Johnson appeared in the role from 2003 to 2004, Kavi Faquir from 2006 to 2007, and Amyrh Harris in 2007. In 2008, child actor Terrell Ransom, Jr. stepped into the role as the character was Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who is theo's mother on days of our lives

Lexie Carver

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Sophie Kurys Content: 1944 and 1950, with a career-high 201 in 1946. Besides this, she amassed a World Record with a career 1,114 stolen bases, more than Ty Cobb (892), and later more than both Lou Brock (938) and Japanese star Yutaka Fukumoto (1,065), until her mark was surpassed by Rickey Henderson in . Her 201 stolen bases in a single season still stands as a professional record, collecting 71 more than Henderson (130), who set the Major League Baseball single-season record in . But like many of her colleagues, Kurys was relatively unknown until the 1992 film "A League of Their Own" Passage-1 Title: Rickey Henderson Content: run hitters and was its all-time leader in base on balls. In 2009, he was inducted to the Baseball Hall of Fame on his first ballot appearance. Henderson holds the single-season record for stolen bases (130 in 1982) and is the only player in AL history to steal 100 bases in a season, having done so three times. His 1,406 career steals is 50% higher than the previous record of 938 by Lou Brock. Henderson is the all-time stolen base leader for the Oakland Athletics and previously held the New York Yankees' franchise record from 1988 to 2011. He was Passage-2 Title: Stolen base Content: bases, many of which would not have counted under modern rules. Modern steal rules were fully implemented in 1898. Base stealing was popular in the game's early decades, with speedsters such as Ty Cobb and Clyde Milan stealing nearly 100 bases in a season. But the tactic fell into relative disuse after Babe Ruth introduced the era of the home run – in 1955, for example, no one in baseball stole more than 25 bases, and Dom DiMaggio won the AL stolen base title in 1950 with just 15. However, in the late 1950s and early 1960s, base-stealing was brought Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who holds the most stolen bases in baseball

Rickey Henderson

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Francis Scott Key Content: imagery in the earlier song.) It has become better known as "The Star-Spangled Banner". Though somewhat difficult to sing, it became increasingly popular, competing with "Hail, Columbia" (1796) as the de facto national anthem by the time of the Mexican–American War and American Civil War. More than a century after its first publication, the song was adopted as the American national anthem, first by an Executive Order from President Woodrow Wilson in1916 (which had little effect beyond requiring military bands to play what became known as the "Service Version") and then by a Congressional resolution in1931, signed by President Herbert Passage-1 Title: The Star-Spangled Banner Content: 1889, and by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson in 1916, and was made the national anthem by a congressional resolution on March 3, 1931 (46 Stat. 1508, codified at ), which was signed by President Herbert Hoover. Before 1931, other songs served as the hymns of U.S. officialdom. "Hail, Columbia" served this purpose at official functions for most of the 19th century. "My Country, 'Tis of Thee", whose melody is identical to "God Save the Queen", the United Kingdom's national anthem, also served as a "de facto" national anthem. Following the War of 1812 and subsequent U.S. wars, other songs emerged Passage-2 Title: The Star-Spangled Banner Content: Representatives passed the bill later that year. The Senate passed the bill on March 3, 1931. President Herbert Hoover signed the bill on March 4, 1931, officially adopting "The Star-Spangled Banner" as the national anthem of the United States of America. As currently codified, the United States Code states that "[t]he composition consisting of the words and music known as the Star-Spangled Banner is the national anthem." The song is notoriously difficult for nonprofessionals to sing because of its wide rangea 12th. Humorist Richard Armour referred to the song's difficulty in his book "It All Started With Columbus". Professional and Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: star spangled banner year it became national anthem

1931

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Rain Content: also evidence that global warming is leading to increased precipitation to the eastern portions of North America, while droughts are becoming more frequent in the tropics and subtropics. Cherrapunji, situated on the southern slopes of the Eastern Himalaya in Shillong, India is the confirmed wettest place on Earth, with an average annual rainfall of . The highest recorded rainfall in a single year was in 1861. The 38-year average at nearby Mawsynram, Meghalaya, India is . The wettest spot in Australia is Mount Bellenden Ker in the north-east of the country which records an average of per year, with over Passage-1 Title: 1950 Australian rainfall records Content: 1950 Australian rainfall records The 1950 rainfall records for the Australian states of New South Wales and Queensland reported probably the most remarkable record high rainfall totals ever recorded anywhere in the continent. Averaged over both of these states, 1950 is clearly the wettest year since adequate records became available "circa" 1885. Queensland recorded a statewide average rainfall of around as against a mean since 1885 of around , whilst New South Wales recorded around as against an instrumental mean around . Australia's wettest town, Tully also recorded its highest annual rainfall total in 1950 with . The year 1950 Passage-2 Title: Climate of Australia Content: 1893. The highest monthly rainfall on record was recorded at Mount Bellenden Ker, Queensland in January 1979. The highest annual rainfall was recorded also at Mount Bellenden Ker in 2000. Additionally, the location which receives the highest average annual rainfall in Australia is Babinda in Queensland with an annual average of . Cold ocean currents off the coast of Western Australia result in little evaporation occurring. Hence, rain clouds are sparsely formed and rarely do they form long enough for a continuous period of rain to be recorded. Australia's arid/semi-arid zone extends to this region. The absence of any significant Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what place in australia has the record for the wettest year

Tully

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Bob Baffert Content: of Baffert's and an inductee into the American Quarter Horse Association Hall of Fame, Adair died on Preakness Day, May 16, 2015, at the age of 71. Baffert had dedicated American Pharoah's win to Bobby. The Kentucky Derby The Preakness Stakes Belmont Stakes Bob Baffert Robert A. "Bob" Baffert (born January 13, 1953) is an American racehorse trainer who trained the 2015 Triple Crown winner American Pharoah and 2018 Triple Crown winner Justify. Baffert's horses have won five Kentucky Derbies, seven Preakness Stakes, three Belmont Stakes and three Kentucky Oaks. Baffert grew up on a ranch in Nogales, Arizona, where Passage-1 Title: Bob Baffert Content: Bob Baffert Robert A. "Bob" Baffert (born January 13, 1953) is an American racehorse trainer who trained the 2015 Triple Crown winner American Pharoah and 2018 Triple Crown winner Justify. Baffert's horses have won five Kentucky Derbies, seven Preakness Stakes, three Belmont Stakes and three Kentucky Oaks. Baffert grew up on a ranch in Nogales, Arizona, where his family raised cattle and chickens. When he was 10, his father purchased some Quarter Horses and he practiced racing them on a dirt track. In his teens, he worked as a jockey for $100 a day in informal Quarter Horse races on Passage-2 Title: 2015 Kentucky Derby Content: 2015 Kentucky Derby The 2015 Kentucky Derby was the 141st running of the Kentucky Derby. The race was run at 6:44 pm Eastern Daylight Time (EDT) on May 2, 2015, at Churchill Downs. It was broadcast in the United States on the NBC television network. Kentucky native Ashley Judd voiced the opening for the telecast of the race, and was the first woman to do so. The weather was warm, and a record 170,513 people attended. The 2015 race also set a wagering record with parimutuel betting of $137.9 million. Jockey Victor Espinoza rode American Pharoah to victory after taking Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who rode american pharoah in the kentucky derby

Victor Espinoza

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: RISN Operations Content: RISN Operations RISN Operations Inc., also called Rhode Island Suburban Newspapers, is a privately owned publisher of three daily newspapers and several weekly newspapers in the U.S. state of Rhode Island. The company was founded by Illinois-based newspaper executives in early 2007 to purchase the Rhode Island holdings of Journal Register Company, which it did for $8.3 million. In 2013, RISN acquired the "Yuma Sun" and the "Porterville Recorder" from Freedom Communications. In 2018, RISN acquired its former competitors South County Newspapers and its publications "The Independent" and "South County Life" from GateHouse Media, who had bought the papers from Passage-1 Title: South County Newspapers Content: South County Newspapers Independent Newspapers is an independent publisher of a weekly newspaper, "The Independent", and a magazine, "South County Life", in Washington County, Rhode Island. The company was founded by veteran newspaper publisher Frederick J. Wilson III in 1997, seeking to "produce a weekly newspaper that would not be beholden to corporate interests." Wilson is no longer involved with the company, which was later sold to Edward A. Sherman Publishing Company, the publishers of "The Newport Daily News". Independent Newspapers shares advertising resources with "The Newport Daily News". In 2017, Edward A. Sherman Publishing and all of its publications, Passage-2 Title: The Independent Content: The Independent The Independent is a British online newspaper. Established in 1986 as an independent national morning newspaper published in London, it was controlled by Tony O'Reilly's Independent News & Media from 1997 until it was sold to Russian oligarch Alexander Lebedev in 2010. The last printed edition of "The Independent" was published on Saturday 26 March 2016, leaving only its digital editions. Nicknamed the "Indy", it began as a broadsheet, but changed to tabloid format in 2003. Until September 2011, the paper described itself on the banner at the top of every newspaper as "free from party political bias, Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who is the publisher of the daily independent

Independent Newspapers Limited

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Shirley Temple (drink) Content: Shirley Temple (drink) A Shirley Temple is a non-alcoholic mixed drink traditionally made with ginger ale and a splash of grenadine, garnished with a maraschino cherry. Modern Shirley Temple recipes may substitute lemon-lime soda or lemonade and sometimes orange juice in part, or in whole. Shirley Temples are often served to children dining with adults in lieu of real cocktails, as is the similar Roy Rogers and Arnold Palmer. The cocktail may have been invented by a bartender at Chasen's, a restaurant in West Hollywood, California, to serve then-child actress Shirley Temple. However, other claims to its origin have been Passage-1 Title: Shirley Temple (drink) Content: made. Temple herself was not a fan of the drink, as she told Scott Simon in an NPR interview in 1986: "The saccharine sweet, icky drink? Yes, well... those were created in the probably middle 1930s by the Brown Derby Restaurant in Hollywood and I had nothing to do with it. But, all over the world, I am served that. People think it's funny. I hate them. Too sweet!" Adding of vodka or rum produces a "Dirty Shirley". Shirley Temple (drink) A Shirley Temple is a non-alcoholic mixed drink traditionally made with ginger ale and a splash of grenadine, garnished Passage-2 Title: Shirley Temple Content: her estranged parents or smoothing out the wrinkles in the romances of young couples. Elements of the traditional fairy tale were woven into her films: wholesome goodness triumphing over meanness and evil, for example, or wealth over poverty, marriage over divorce, or a booming economy over a depressed one. As the girl matured into a pre-adolescent, the formula was altered slightly to encourage her naturalness, naïveté, and tomboyishness to come forth and shine while her infant innocence, which had served her well at six but was inappropriate for her tweens (or later childhood years), was toned down. In the contract Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what are the ingredients of a shirley temple

grenadine

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: One Day (Vince Clarke and Paul Quinn song) Content: as guest vocalist for their 1983 debut single, "Never Never" reached No. 4 in the UK. The duo intended to record a full album using a variety of different singers, however no further collaborations were negotiated, and Clarke and Radcliffe eventually agreed to pursue their own projects. During 1984, Clarke approached two singers for a possible collaboration, but nothing materialised, while a session with Jamie Morgan and Cameron McVey resulted in the writing of "One Day". Clarke recorded the backing track of "One Day" with producer Flood in 1985. An unnamed reggae singer was then hired to record the vocals, Passage-1 Title: One Day (Vince Clarke and Paul Quinn song) Content: One Day (Vince Clarke and Paul Quinn song) "One Day" is a song by British musician Vince Clarke and Scottish singer Paul Quinn, released as a one-off collaboration single in 1985. The song was written by Clarke, Jamie Morgan and Cameron McVey, and produced by Flood with assistance from Daniel Miller. "One Day" reached No. 99 on the UK Singles Chart and No. 7 on the UK Independent Singles Chart. A music video was filmed to promote the single. Following the disbanding of Yazoo, Clarke went on to form the music project The Assembly with Eric Radcliffe. Hiring Feargal Sharkey Passage-2 Title: One Day (Matisyahu song) Content: One Day (Matisyahu song) "One Day" is a song sung by American reggae singer Matisyahu and written by him and The Smeezingtons, first released in 2008, his first single since Jerusalem (Out of the Darkness Comes Light). The song was also included as a last-minute addition to Matisyahu's album "Light". The song expresses a hope for an end to violence and a prayer for a new era of peace and understanding. It appeared on the Modern Rock Chart at number 21 and at number 38 on the US Rock Chart; also in March 2009 it debuted on the "Billboard" Hot Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who is the original singer of one day

Matisyahu

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Climate of Oregon Content: 1950. In the Blue Mountains of eastern Oregon, snowfall totals can also be large, between . On the other hand, most winter precipitation in the Coast Range falls as rain, though heavy snow sometimes occurs. In most mountain areas in Oregon, the ground above is covered with snow from December through April. Snow depths, which vary with elevation and time of year, average an estimated in the Cascades and in the Blue Mountains at the end of January; by the end of April, they diminish to in the Cascades and in the Blues. Glaciers remain year-round on some Cascade peaks Passage-1 Title: Climate of Oregon Content: higher than above sea level. Annual snowfall along the coastal plain averages a year, including years with none. Further inland, between the Coast Range and the Cascades, snowfall generally averages from a year. East of the Cascades, in non-mountain settings, the annual totals range from , depending on location; they are smallest in the north-central region and the Snake River basin in the southeast and largest in the northeastern valleys and in the high plateaus of the south-central part of the state. In addition to seasonal cycles in solar radiation (more in summer, less in winter), major factors affecting temperatures Passage-2 Title: Climate of Oregon Content: is less in the months between winter and summer: April through June in the spring and September and October in the fall. Statewide, the dry months are July and August, when moisture arrives during afternoon thunderstorms, mainly in the mountains, and less often from storms that reach the north coast and adjacent counties. Snowfall in Oregon is greatest in the Cascade Range. Based on data from ski resorts and a few official weather stations, average annual snowfall in the Cascades can range from . The state's largest annual snowfall on record, , occurred at Crater Lake in the Cascades in Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where does it snow the most in oregon

in the Cascade Range

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Coronal plane Content: description of the coronal plane applies to most animals as well as humans even though humans walk upright and the various planes are usually shown in the vertical orientation. The sternal plane ("planum sternale") is a coronal plane which transects the front of the sternum. The term is derived from Latin corona (“garland, crown”), from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korōnē, “garland, wreath”). Coronal plane A coronal plane (also known as the frontal plane) is any vertical plane that divides the body into ventral and dorsal (belly and back) sections. It is one of the three main planes of the body used Passage-1 Title: Coronal plane Content: Coronal plane A coronal plane (also known as the frontal plane) is any vertical plane that divides the body into ventral and dorsal (belly and back) sections. It is one of the three main planes of the body used to describe the location of body parts in relation to each other.axis The coronal plane is an example of a longitudinal plane, because it is perpendicular to the transverse plane. For a human, the mid-coronal plane would transect a standing body into two halves (front and back, or anterior and posterior) in an imaginary line that cuts through both shoulders. The Passage-2 Title: Anatomical plane Content: Anatomical plane An anatomical plane is a hypothetical plane used to transect the human body, in order to describe the location of structures or the direction of movements. In human and animal anatomy, three principal planes are used: There could be any number of sagittal planes; however, there is only one cardinal sagittal plane. The term "cardinal" refers to the one plane that divides the body into equal segments, with exactly one half of the body on either side of the cardinal plane. The term "cardinal plane" appears in some texts as the "principal plane". The terms are interchangeable. The Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: the plane that divides the animal into cranial and caudal parts is the

transverse plane or axial plane

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Black Widow (Natasha Romanova) Content: the Avengers. Scarlett Johansson portrays the character Black Widow (Natasha Romanoff) in films as part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The Black Widow's first appearances were as a recurring, non-costumed, Russian-spy antagonist in the feature "Iron Man", beginning in "Tales of Suspense" #52 (April 1964). Five issues later, she recruits the besotted costumed archer and later superhero Hawkeye to her cause. Her government later supplies her with her first Black Widow costume and high-tech weaponry, but she eventually defects to the United States after appearing, temporarily brainwashed against the U.S., in the superhero-team series "The Avengers" #29 (July 1966). The Passage-1 Title: Scarlett Johansson Content: the role of Kelly, a zookeeper in the family film "We Bought a Zoo" alongside Matt Damon. The film got mainly favorable reviews, and Anne Billson praised Johansson for bringing depth to a rather uninteresting character. Johansson earned a Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actress: Drama nomination for her performance. Johansson learned some Russian from a former teacher on the phone for her role as Natasha Romanoff / Black Widow in "Marvel Studios' The Avengers" (2012), another entry from the MCU. The film received mainly positive reviews and broke many box office records, becoming the third highest-grossing film both Passage-2 Title: Black Widow (Marvel Comics) Content: is the first character to take on the Black Widow codename in the modern mainstream Marvel Comics. She was created by editor and plotter Stan Lee, scripter Don Rico and artist Don Heck, and first appeared in "Tales of Suspense" #52 (April 1964). The character has been associated with several superhero teams in the Marvel Universe, including the Avengers, the Defenders, the Champions, S.H.I.E.L.D., and the Thunderbolts. She has appeared in many other forms of media, including the major motion pictures "Iron Man 2", "The Avengers", "", "", "", "", and "", wherein she is portrayed by actress Scarlett Johansson. Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who plays the black widow in the avengers

Scarlett Johansson

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives Content: The lawsuit alleges that the network failed to pay required production costs, and failed to make the show's host, Guy Fieri, available for taping. The producer also alleges that Guy Fieri harassed crewmembers and "raided their fridges". A week after Food Network counter-sued the producer, a settlement was reached in August 2011, allowing the 12th season of the show to resume, with a new production company, Citizen Pictures. Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives (often nicknamed Triple D and stylized as Diners, Drive-Ins, Dives) is an American food reality television series that premiered on April 23, 2007, on Passage-1 Title: Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives Content: Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives (often nicknamed Triple D and stylized as Diners, Drive-Ins, Dives) is an American food reality television series that premiered on April 23, 2007, on the Food Network. It is hosted by Guy Fieri. The show originally began as a one-off special that aired on November 6, 2006. The show features a "road trip" concept, similar to "Road Tasted", "Giada's Weekend Getaways", and "$40 a Day". Fieri travels around the United States (although he has also featured some restaurants in European cities, including London, England and Florence, Italy) looking at various diners, drive-in Passage-2 Title: Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives Content: food, and with the kitchen staff, who demonstrate how to prepare one or more of the dishes. The show has had various stars appear in the kitchen alongside Guy Fieri, including fellow chefs Robert Irvine, Andrew Zimmern, Michael Symon, Emeril Lagasse, and Geoffrey Zakarian, as well as celebrities such as Matthew McConaughey, Gene Hackman, Rosie O'Donnell, Joe Theismann, Kid Rock, Chris Rock, Adam Sandler, Kevin James, Clint Bowyer, Gene Simmons of KISS, Steve Harwell of Smash Mouth, and Mick Fleetwood of Fleetwood Mac. In May 2011, Page Productions, the original producers of the show filed a lawsuit against Food Network. Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: how many seasons are there of diners drive ins and dives

26

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The Man Who Was Almost a Man Content: The Man Who Was Almost a Man "The Man Who Was Almost a Man" also known as "Almos' a man", is a short story by Richard Wright. It was published in 1961 as part of Wright's compilation "Eight Men". The story centers on Dave, a young African-American farm worker who is struggling to declare his identity in the atmosphere of the rural South. The story begins with the protagonist Dave Sanders walking home from work, irritated with the way he has been treated. Dave works for a farmer on a cattle farm and as he walks across the fields he Passage-1 Title: The Man Who Was Almost a Man Content: it simply symbolized his struggle to achieve such goals. The Man Who Was Almost a Man "The Man Who Was Almost a Man" also known as "Almos' a man", is a short story by Richard Wright. It was published in 1961 as part of Wright's compilation "Eight Men". The story centers on Dave, a young African-American farm worker who is struggling to declare his identity in the atmosphere of the rural South. The story begins with the protagonist Dave Sanders walking home from work, irritated with the way he has been treated. Dave works for a farmer on a cattle Passage-2 Title: The Man Who Was Almost a Man Content: will at last prove he is indeed a man. While the story appears to be simply about a young boy's desire to have a gun, Wright's work includes underlying themes of racism and the struggles of an individual. This piece is filled with metaphors for life and the journey from boyhood to manhood. The story is set in a farming area. Wright never gets into much detail about the surrounding area other than to mention that the main character, Dave, is working or walking through a field. This desolate sort of background that sets the stage for the story can Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when does the man who was almost a man take place

rural South

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Great Lakes Content: Great Lakes The Great Lakes (), also called the Laurentian Great Lakes and the Great Lakes of North America, are a series of interconnected freshwater lakes located primarily in the upper mid-east region of North America, on the Canada–United States border, which connect to the Atlantic Ocean through the Saint Lawrence River. They consist of Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, and Ontario, although hydrologically, there are four lakes, Superior, Erie, Ontario, and Michigan-Huron. The lakes are interconnected by the Great Lakes Waterway. The Great Lakes are the largest group of freshwater lakes on Earth by total area, and second largest Passage-1 Title: Lake Michigan Content: Lake Michigan Lake Michigan is one of the five Great Lakes of North America and the only one located entirely within the United States. The other four Great Lakes are shared by the U.S. and Canada. It is the second-largest of the Great Lakes by volume () and the third-largest by surface area (), after Lake Superior and Lake Huron (and is slightly smaller than the U.S. state of West Virginia). To the east, its basin is conjoined with that of Lake Huron through the wide Straits of Mackinac, giving it the same surface elevation as its easterly counterpart; the Passage-2 Title: Great Lakes Content: the size of the United Kingdom, while the surface area of the entire basin (the lakes and the land they drain) is about the size of the UK and France combined. Lake Michigan is the only one of the Great Lakes that is located entirely within the United States; the others form a water boundary between the United States and Canada. The lakes are divided among the jurisdictions of the Canadian province of Ontario and the U.S. states of Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York. Both Ontario and Michigan include in their boundaries portions of four Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: how many great lakes are there in the us

five

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Hollywood Heights (TV series) Content: unhappy he is, trapped in a machine of his own making and at the mercy of his many fans and demanding manager Jake (Brandon Bell). Meanwhile, Loren and Melissa navigate the intrigues of high school life and mean girl Adriana (Hunter King); Melissa's brother Phil (Robert Adamson) gets mixed up with the wrong people; Eddie's father, 1980s musician Max Duran (Carlos Ponce), hopes to end his son's relationship with the duplicitous climber Chloe (Melissa Ordway), who is cheating on Eddie with the ambitious Tyler (Justin Wilczynski), a struggling actor that worked with Eddie but now despises him for his success Passage-1 Title: Hollywood Heights (TV series) Content: and who has mysterious ties with Chloe's hidden past. In the tradition of Latin American telenovelas, "Hollywood Heights" was conceived as a limited series, in this case 80 episodes, with its storylines resolved by the end of the run. The first 40 of these were broadcast on Nickelodeon/Nick at Nite, with the series moving to TeenNick for the remaining 40. The original telenovela was first broadcast on Canal de las Estrellas in 1990, and later on Univision in the United States. "Alcanzar una estrella" won a TVyNovelas Award for "Best Telenovela of the Year" in 1991. The telenovela's success led Passage-2 Title: Hollywood Heights (TV series) Content: Hollywood Heights (TV series) Hollywood Heights is an American family drama, which aired on Nick at Nite and TeenNick from June 18 to October 5, 2012. Loosely based on the Mexican telenovela "Alcanzar una estrella (To Reach a Star)", the series follows aspiring singer-songwriter Loren Tate (Brittany Underwood), whose life changes forever when she crosses paths with her rock star idol Eddie Duran (Cody Longo). "Hollywood Heights" was executive produced by six-time Emmy Award-winner Jill Farren-Phelps, and co-executive produced by Hisham Abed and Josh Griffith, who also served as head writer. The series was announced in May 2012 as an Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what episode of hollywood heights does eddie and chloe break up

The Video Shoot

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Albert Woolson Content: Albert Woolson Albert Henry Woolson (February 11, 1850 – August 2, 1956) was the last surviving member of the Union Army who served in the American Civil War. He was also the last surviving Civil War veteran on either side whose status is undisputed. At least three men who followed him in death claimed to be Confederate veterans, but one has been debunked and the other two are unverified. The last surviving Union soldier to see combat was James Hard (1841–1953). Woolson was born in Antwerp, New York, to Willard P. Woolson (1811–1862) and Caroline Baldwin (ca. 1822–unknown). He claimed Passage-1 Title: Last surviving Confederate veterans Content: to support a claim for a veteran's pension during the hard times of the Great Depression. In his 1991 article in "Blue & Gray" magazine, Marvel confirmed Albert Woolson's (February 11, 1847(?), or 1850 – August 2, 1956) claim to be the last surviving Union Army veteran and asserted that Woolson was the last genuine surviving American Civil War veteran from either side. Woolson was a drummer whose company did not see combat. Union Army veteran James Albert Hard (July 15, 1843 – March 12, 1953) was the last verified surviving American Civil War veteran who was in combat. Last Passage-2 Title: John B. Salling Content: John B. Salling John B. Salling (May 15, 1856 – March 16, 1959) claimed to be the oldest surviving Confederate veteran of the American Civil War, though his claim of being born in 1846 has since been debunked. According to the 1860 census for Scott County, Virginia, John Salling is listed as being four years old, making him born in about 1856. In 1991, William Marvel examined the claims of Salling and several other "last Civil War veterans" for a piece in the Civil War history magazine "Blue & Gray". Marvel found multiple instances of census data that indicated Salling Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did the oldest civil war veteran died

August 2, 1956

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The 5th Wave (series) Content: The 5th Wave (series) The 5th Wave is a trilogy of young adult post-apocalyptic sci-fi novels written by American author Rick Yancey. The series started in May 2013 with the first book, "The 5th Wave". A sequel titled "The Infinite Sea" was published in 2014. The trilogy concluded in 2016 with the final book, "The Last Star". Earth is systematically attacked by a group of aliens known as "the Others". They exist in unknown form, and attack through a series of waves. After the first four waves have decimated the human population, the remaining populace is terrifyingly awaiting the arrival Passage-1 Title: The 5th Wave (series) Content: stages, or waves." The first book was officially published on 8 May 2013. "The 5th Wave" is the first book in the series and was released on May 7, 2013. The book opens in the midst of the Fourth Wave and follows Cassie's quest to find her brother, Sammy, after he is taken by U.S. Army soldiers. Cassie is shot by an Other sniper, a ""silencer"", from the woods on her trek, and is later rescued by Evan Walker, who nurses her back to health and agrees to help her find her brother. Meanwhile, Sammy arrives at Wright-Patterson AFB, and Passage-2 Title: The 5th Wave (novel) Content: The 5th Wave (novel) The 5th Wave is a young adult science fiction novel written by American author Rick Yancey. It was published on May 7, 2013 by G. P. Putnam's Sons. The novel is the first in "The 5th Wave" trilogy, followed by "The Infinite Sea". The story follows 16-year-old Cassie Sullivan as she tries to survive in a world devastated by the waves of alien invasions that have decimated the Earth's population. Critics have compared the book favorably to "The Hunger Games" and "The Road", and noted that it "should do for aliens what "Twilight" did for vampires." Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what is the first book of the 5th wave series

The 5th Wave

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Flag of India Content: The flag code also governs the protocol of flying the flag and its use in conjunction with other national and non-national flags. According to the Flag code of India, the Indian flag has a ratio of two by three (where the length of the flag is 1.5 times that of the width). All three stripes of the flag (saffron, white and green) are to be equal in width and length. The size of the Ashoka Chakra is not specified in the Flag code, but it has twenty-four spokes that are evenly spaced. In section 4.3.1 of "IS1: Manufacturing standards for Passage-1 Title: Flag of India Content: Flag of India The National Flag of India is a horizontal rectangular tricolour of India saffron, white and India green; with the ', a 24-spoke wheel, in navy blue at its centre. It was adopted in its present form during a meeting of the Constituent Assembly held on 22 July 1947, and it became the official flag of the Dominion of India on 15 August 1947. The flag was subsequently retained as that of the Republic of India. In India, the term "tricolour" () almost always refers to the Indian national flag. The flag is based on the ' flag, Passage-2 Title: Flag code of India Content: with the honour and dignity of the flag," The Flag Code of India has been divided into three parts:- The National flag of India is officially described in the Flag Code of India as follows: "The colour of the top panel shall be India saffron (Kesari) and that of the bottom panel shall be India green. The middle panel shall be white, bearing at its centre the design of Ashoka Chakra in navy blue colour with 24 equally spaced spokes." It was adopted in its present form during a meeting of the Constituent Assembly held on 22 July 1947, when Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: how many spokes are there in indian flag

24

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Thomas DeSimone Content: Best Supporting Actor. The movie changed some details: DeSimone was renamed Tommy DeVito in the film, and portrayed as the same age as Hill, where DeSimone was six years younger than Hill in real life. While depicted in the film as a small man with an attitude, DeSimone was a large, burly enforcer, standing tall and weighing around 225 pounds. Paul Cicero (based on Vario) at one point states that Tommy is a "good kid, but a cowboy with too much to prove." Although based on DeSimone, Tommy DeVito also functions as a composite character. The DeVito character is substituted Passage-1 Title: James Dreyfus Content: Award for his work in "The Lady In The Dark" at the National Theatre. In the same year, he was nominated for the Ian Charleson Award for his performance as Cassius in Shakespeare's "Julius Caesar" at the Birmingham Rep. Dreyfus' first television break came with the BBC comedy series "Absolutely Fabulous". followed by roles as Constable Kevin Goody in Ben Elton's sitcom "The Thin Blue Line" and Tom Farrell, the gay flatmate of Linda (Kathy Burke) in "Gimme Gimme Gimme". Dreyfus played opposite Bette Midler in the short-lived American sitcom "Bette". Known for portraying "camp, endearing characters," Dreyfus (in a Passage-2 Title: James Dreyfus Content: James Dreyfus James Dreyfus (born 9 October 1968) is an English actor. He is most notable for his roles on television sitcoms "The Thin Blue Line" as Constable Kevin Goody, and "Gimme Gimme Gimme" as Tom Farrell. He is most recently known for his role as Reverend Roger in "Mount Pleasant". He was born in France but moved to England at an early age and was educated at Harrow School and then trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. His parents divorced when he was very young. In 1998, Dreyfus won the Best Supporting Performance in a Musical Olivier Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who played tom in gimme gimme gimme

James Dreyfus

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance Content: The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance () is a 1962 American Western film directed by John Ford starring James Stewart and John Wayne. The black-and-white film was released by Paramount Pictures. The screenplay by James Warner Bellah and Willis Goldbeck was adapted from a short story written by Dorothy M. Johnson. The supporting cast features Vera Miles, Lee Marvin, Edmond O'Brien, Andy Devine, John Carradine, Woody Strode, Strother Martin, and Lee Van Cleef. In 2007, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as Passage-1 Title: John Ford Content: (Ford Productions-Columbia, 1961) co-starred James Stewart and Richard Widmark, with Shirley Jones and Stock Company regulars Andy Devine, Henry Brandon, Harry Carey Jr, Anna Lee, Woody Strode, Mae Marsh and Frank Baker, with an early screen appearance by Linda Cristal, who went on to star in the Western TV series "The High Chaparral". It was a fair commercial success, grossing $1.6m in its first year. "The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance" (Ford Productions-Paramount, 1962) is frequently cited as the last great film of Ford's career. It co-starred John Wayne and James Stewart, with Vera Miles, Edmond O'Brien, Andy Devine as Passage-2 Title: The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance (stage play) Content: cowboy and gunslinger Jim 'The Reverend' Mosten - A young black swamper at the Prairie Belle Liberty Valance - An outlaw and leader of a gang Marshal Johnson - The local authority in Twotrees Jake Dowitt - A young reporter for the Chronicle The Gang - A few of Liberty's boys Mourners - Attending Barricune's funeral Law Men - The marshal's deputies The play premièred at Park Theatre in London on 16 May 2014, under the direction of Jethro Compton. It was produced by Jethro Compton in association with Park Theatre. Music was composed by Jonny Sims The cast for Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who played the marshal in the man who shot liberty valance

Andy Devine

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: North American Butterfly Association Content: North American Butterfly Association The North American Butterfly Association (NABA) was created in 1992 by Jeffrey Glassberg who is the association's president. The NABA was formed in order to promote awareness of butterfly conservation and the benefits of butterfly gardening, observation, photography and education. As with the National Audubon Society and the Christmas Bird Count, the NABA holds annual volunteer butterfly counts in the weeks leading up to or after July 4 in the United States, July 1 in Canada, and September 16 in Mexico. Volunteers scout out a meeting place and map out a 15 mile circle in which Passage-1 Title: Butterfly count Content: other interested parties including professional lepidopterists and researchers. The data gathered during a count can indicate population changes and health within a species. Professional, universities, clubs, elementary and secondary schools, other educational providers, nature preserves, parks and amateur organizations can organize a count. The participants often receive training to help them identify the butterfly species. The North American Butterfly Association has organized over 400 counts in 2014. There are several methods for counting butterflies currently in use, with the notable division being between restricted and open searches. Most counts are designed to count all butterflies observed in a locality. Counts Passage-2 Title: Butterfly count Content: may work with the observer to identify and/or photograph insects spotted by the observer. Transects should not change from year to year and ideally should sample a variety of habitats. Examples of long-running restricted searches are Art Shapiro's Butterfly Project in the US (started in 1972), and the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (started in 1976). Open searches, also sometimes referred to as "checklist searches", are intended to focus on the presence and abundance of butterflies in a given area. They can be single events such as the North American Butterfly Association's July 1 and July 4 counts in Canada and Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when does the north american butterfly association count butterflies in the u. s. each year

July 4

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Shawn Toovey Content: Shawn Toovey Shawn Toovey (born March 1, 1983 in Lincoln, Nebraska, U.S.) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Brian Cooper in the popular drama "Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman" for which Toovey won four Young Artist Awards. Toovey was born March 1, 1983 in Lincoln, Nebraska. His family moved to San Antonio, Texas when he was four and ultimately ended up in California, where Shawn spent the next six years playing Brian Cooper on the CBS television series "Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman". He is a founding member of the Children's Board of the Audrey Hepburn Passage-1 Title: Shawn Toovey Content: Hollywood for Children Foundation. He is also involved in the Juvenile Diabetes Foundation, The Braille Institute, Camp Ronald McDonald, Meals on Wheels and various child abuse preventions organizations. Toovey played the role of Tiny Tim opposite fellow Dr. Quinn actor Orson Bean in the theater production of "A Christmas Carol". Toovey has received several awards to date, among them: Shawn Toovey Shawn Toovey (born March 1, 1983 in Lincoln, Nebraska, U.S.) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Brian Cooper in the popular drama "Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman" for which Toovey won four Young Artist Passage-2 Title: Jared Rushton Content: appeared on an episode of "Midnight Caller" and filmed "A Cry in the Wild" as Brian Robeson, a film based on the book "Hatchet". In 1992, Rushton guest-starred in an episode of "". He also had a starring role in "Pet Sematary Two", as the school bully, Clyde Parker, a main enemy of Edward Furlong`s character. He also guest-starred in the "Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman" episode entitled "Bad Water". Jared Rushton Jared Michael Rushton (born March 3, 1974) is an American musician and former actor. He is best known for his roles in several films from the late 1980s, including Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who played brian in dr quinn medicine woman

Shawn Toovey

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: RuPaul's Drag Race (season 8) Content: RuPaul's Drag Race (season 8) The eighth season of "RuPaul's Drag Race" began airing on March 7, 2016. Returning judges include RuPaul and Michelle Visage, along with Ross Mathews and Carson Kressley, who shared judging responsibilities on an alternating basis. Twelve drag queens competed for the title of "America's Next Drag Superstar". The prizes for the winner are a one-year supply of Anastasia Beverly Hills cosmetics and a cash prize of $100,000. The full list of contestants was revealed during the NewNowNext Awards on February 1, 2016. The song "U Wear It Well" from RuPaul's album "Butch Queen" was featured Passage-1 Title: RuPaul's Drag Race (season 8) Content: stage. Episode 1: Episode 2: Episode 5: Episode 6: Episode 7: Episode 9: <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> RuPaul's Drag Race (season 8) The eighth season of "RuPaul's Drag Race" began airing on March 7, 2016. Returning judges include RuPaul and Michelle Visage, along with Ross Mathews and Carson Kressley, who shared judging responsibilities on an alternating basis. Twelve drag queens competed for the title of "America's Next Drag Superstar". The prizes for the winner are a one-year supply of Anastasia Beverly Hills cosmetics and a cash prize of $100,000. The full list of contestants was revealed during the NewNowNext Awards on February 1, Passage-2 Title: RuPaul's Drag Race (season 8) Content: in promotion for the show. On March 31, 2016, it was announced LogoTV renewed the show for a ninth season. It was the last season to solely be played on Logo, as the show moved to VH1 for its ninth season, and Season 2 was broadcast simultaneously on VH1. The theme song played during the runway segment every episode was "The Realness", and the song played during the closing credits was "Die Tomorrow", both songs from the album "Realness". The winner of the eighth season of "RuPaul's Drag Race" was Bob the Drag Queen, with Kim Chi and Naomi Smalls Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who won season 8 of rupaul's drag race

Bob the Drag Queen

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Broncos Stadium at Mile High Content: Broncos Stadium at Mile High Broncos Stadium at Mile High, previously known as Invesco Field at Mile High and Sports Authority Field at Mile High, and commonly known as Mile High, New Mile High or Mile High Stadium, is an American football stadium in Denver, Colorado, named "Mile High" due to the city's elevation of . The primary tenant is the Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL). It opened in 2001 to replace Mile High Stadium and was largely paid for by taxpayers. Invesco paid $120 million for the original naming rights, before Sports Authority secured them in Passage-1 Title: Denver Broncos Content: Paul D. Bowlen Memorial Broncos Centre), is a state-of-the-art facility located in Dove Valley, Colorado. With 13.5 acres of property, the facility hosts three full-size fields, a complete weight and training facility, and a cafeteria. In their more than half-century of existence, the Broncos have never been shut out at home, a streak of over 400 games as of the season. In late 2012, the Broncos announced that the stadium will receive $30 million upgrades including a new video board in the south end zone that is planned to be three times larger than the previous display. The renovations were Passage-2 Title: Mile High Stadium Content: Mile High Stadium Mile High Stadium (originally Bears Stadium) was an outdoor multi-purpose stadium located in Denver, Colorado. The stadium was built in 1948 to accommodate the Denver Bears baseball team, which was a member of the Western League during its construction. Originally designed as a baseball venue, the stadium was expanded in later years to accommodate the addition of a professional football team to the city, the Denver Broncos, as well as to improve Denver's hopes of landing a Major League Baseball team. Although the stadium was originally built as a baseball-specific venue, it became more popular as a Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when was the new denver broncos stadium built

2001

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: First Punic War Content: First Punic War The First Punic War (264 to 241 BC) was the first of three wars fought between Ancient Carthage and the Roman Republic, the two great powers of the Western Mediterranean. For 23 years, in the longest continuous conflict and greatest naval war of antiquity, the two powers struggled for supremacy, primarily on the Mediterranean island of Sicily and its surrounding waters, and also in North Africa. The war began in 264 BC with the Roman conquest of the Carthaginian-controlled city of Messina in Sicily, granting Rome a military foothold on the island. The Romans built up a Passage-1 Title: First Punic War Content: independent of Rome and Carthage. Hostilities of the First Punic War began with developments involving the Romans, Carthaginians, and Greek colonists in Sicily and southern Italy. In 288 BC, the Mamertines, a group of Italian (Campanian) mercenaries originally hired by Agathocles of Syracuse, occupied the city of Messana (modern Messina) in the north-eastern tip of Sicily, killing all the men and taking the women as their wives. At the same time, a group of Roman troops made up of Campanian "citizens without the vote" revolted and seized control of Rhegium, lying across the Straits of Messina on the mainland of Passage-2 Title: First Punic War Content: Rome to conquer. The Roman advance now continued westward from Agrigentum to relieve the besieged city of Macella in 260 BC, which had sided with Rome and was attacked by the Carthaginians for doing so. In the north, the Romans, with their northern sea flank secured by their naval victory at the Battle of Mylae, advanced toward Thermae. They were defeated there by the Carthaginians under Hamilcar (a popular Carthaginian name, not to be confused with Hannibal Barca's father, with the same name) in 260 BC. The Carthaginians took advantage of this victory by counter-attacking, in 259 BC, and seizing Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who led the romans in the first punic war

Gaius Duilius

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Tobacco products Content: popularity among cigar smokers. Manufacturers like Prime Time have been offering flavored little cigars since 1993. Several manufacturers have begun producing cigar wraps. Cigar wraps consist of tobacco leaf which can then be used with a tobacco blend to produce a hand-rolled cigar. Cigarettes are a product consumed through smoking and manufactured out of cured and finely cut tobacco leaves and reconstituted tobacco, often combined with other additives,[1] then rolled or stuffed into a paper-wrapped cylinder (generally less than 120 mm in length and 10 mm in diameter). Kreteks are cigarettes made with a complex blend of tobacco, cloves and Passage-1 Title: Shag (tobacco) Content: Shag (tobacco) Shag, also known as rolling tobacco, loose tobacco, baccy and rollies is fine-cut tobacco, used to make self-made cigarettes by hand rolling the tobacco into rolling paper or injecting it into filter tubes. It got its name from the finely cut strands appearing like 'shag' fabric and was originally considered poor quality. Various types of cut are used; most shag blends use a simple mixture of cutting styles, consisting mostly of loose cut but also krumble kake, ribbon cut and flake may be used. Some shag blends use cuts reminiscent of pipe tobacco. These were imported to the Passage-2 Title: Shag (tobacco) Content: Lip". Irish singer-songwriter Gavin Friday's 1995 album was titled "Shag Tobacco". Shag (tobacco) Shag, also known as rolling tobacco, loose tobacco, baccy and rollies is fine-cut tobacco, used to make self-made cigarettes by hand rolling the tobacco into rolling paper or injecting it into filter tubes. It got its name from the finely cut strands appearing like 'shag' fabric and was originally considered poor quality. Various types of cut are used; most shag blends use a simple mixture of cutting styles, consisting mostly of loose cut but also krumble kake, ribbon cut and flake may be used. Some shag blends Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what is finely ground tobacco wrapped in paper for smoking is called

Cigarettes

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Alcohol proof Content: of water, or 923 kg/m, and equivalent to 57.15% ABV. The value 57.15% is very close to the fraction ≈ 0.5714. This led to the definition amounts to declaring that 100° proof spirit has an ABV of . From this it follows that, to convert the ABV (expressed as a percentage standard rather than as a fraction) to degrees proof, it is only necessary to multiply the ABV by . Thus pure, 100% alcohol will have 100×() = 175° proof, and a spirit containing 40% ABV will have 40×() = 70° proof. The proof system in the United States was Passage-1 Title: Alcohol proof Content: rates depending on their alcohol content. Spirits were tested by soaking a pellet of gunpowder in them. If the gunpowder could still burn, the spirits were rated above proof and taxed at a higher rate. As gunpowder would not burn if soaked in rum that contained less than 57.15% ABV, rum that contained this percentage of alcohol was defined as having 100 degrees proof. The gunpowder test was officially replaced by a specific-gravity test in 1816. From the 18th century until 1 January 1980, the UK measured alcohol content by proof spirit, defined as spirit with a gravity of that Passage-2 Title: Alcoholic drink Content: number of milliliters (ml) of pure ethanol in 100 ml of beverage) or as "proof". In the United States, "proof" is twice the percentage of alcohol by volume at 60 degrees Fahrenheit (e.g. 80 proof = 40% ABV). "Degrees proof" were formerly used in the United Kingdom, where 100 degrees proof was equivalent to 57.1% ABV. Historically, this was the most dilute spirit that would sustain the combustion of gunpowder. Ordinary distillation cannot produce alcohol of more than 95.6% by weight, which is about 97.2% ABV (194.4 proof) because at that point alcohol is an azeotrope with water. A spirit Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: 100 proof rum contains what percentage of alcohol

50%

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians Content: The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians is an encyclopedic dictionary of music and musicians. Along with the German-language "Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart", it is one of the largest reference works on western music. Originally published under the title A Dictionary of Music and Musicians, and later as Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians, it has gone through several editions since the 19th century and is widely used. In recent years it has been made available as an electronic resource called Grove Music Online, which is now an important Passage-1 Title: The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians Content: hoax, the entry was removed. Seven parody entries, written by contributors to the 1980 edition, and full of musical puns and dictionary in-jokes, were published in the February 1981 issue of "The Musical Times" (which was also edited by Stanley Sadie at the time). These entries never appeared in the dictionary itself and are: The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians is an encyclopedic dictionary of music and musicians. Along with the German-language "Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart", it is one of the largest reference works on western music. Originally Passage-2 Title: The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians Content: encompass the Grove brand, is University of Pittsburgh professor Deane Root. He assumed the editorship in 2009. The dictionary, originally published by Macmillan, was sold in 2004 to Oxford University Press. Since 2008 "Grove Music Online" has served as a cornerstone of Oxford University Press's larger online research tool "Oxford Music Online", which remains a subscription-based service. As well as being available to individual and educational subscribers, it is available for use at many public and university libraries worldwide, through institutional subscriptions. "Grove Music Online" identifies itself as the Eighth Edition of the overall work. "The New Grove" is often Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who is listed in the new groves dictionary of music and musicians

music and musicians

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Hair follicle Content: Other structures associated with the hair follicle include the cup in which the follicle grows known as the infundibulum, the arrector pili muscles, the sebaceous glands, and the apocrine sweat glands. Hair follicle receptors sense the position of the hair. Attached to the follicle is a tiny bundle of muscle fiber called the "arrector pili". This muscle is responsible for causing the follicle lissis to become more perpendicular to the surface of the skin, and causing the follicle to protrude slightly above the surrounding skin (piloerection) and a pore encased with skin oil. This process results in goose bumps (or Passage-1 Title: Sebaceous gland Content: connected to hair follicles. One or more glands may surround each hair follicle, and the glands themselves are surrounded by arrector pili muscles. The glands have an acinar structure (like a many-lobed berry), in which multiple glands branch off a central duct. Relative to keratinocytes that make up the hair follicle, sebaceous glands are composed of huge cells with many large vesicles that contain the sebum. These cells express Na and Cl ion channels, ENaC and CFTR (see Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 in reference). The glands deposit sebum on the hairs, and bring it to the skin surface along Passage-2 Title: Hair follicle Content: Hair follicle The hair follicle is a dynamic organ found in mammalian skin. It resides in the dermal layer of the skin and is made up of 20 different cell types, each with distinct functions. The hair follicle regulates hair growth via a complex interaction between hormones, neuropeptides and immune cells. This complex interaction induces the hair follicle to produce different types of hair as seen on different parts of the body. For example, terminal hairs grow on the scalp and lanugo hairs are seen covering the bodies of fetuses in utero and in some new born babies. The process Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: the glands which are normally associated with hair follicles are called

sebaceous

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Jingle All the Way Content: of his responses in his conversations with Sinbad's character. Filming took place in Minnesota for five weeks from April 15, 1996; at the time, it was the largest film production to ever take place in the state. "Jingle All the Way" was set and filmed in the Twin Cities metropolitan area of Minnesota at locations such as Bloomington's Mall of America, Mickey's Diner, downtown Minneapolis, Linden Hills, residential areas of Edina and primarily downtown Saint Paul. Unused shops in the Seventh Place Mall area were redecorated to resemble Christmas decorated stores, while the Energy Park Studios were used for much Passage-1 Title: Jingle All the Way Content: about the commercialization of Christmas, and the project was picked up by 20th Century Fox. Delays on Fox's reboot of "Planet of the Apes" allowed Schwarzenegger to come on board the film, while Columbus opted to cast Sinbad ahead of Joe Pesci as Myron. "Jingle All the Way" was set and filmed in the Twin Cities of Minneapolis and Saint Paul at a variety of locations, including the Mall of America. After five weeks filming, production moved to California where scenes such as the end parade were shot. The film's swift production meant merchandising was limited to a replica of Passage-2 Title: Jingle All the Way Content: Paul as one city, as this was logistically easier; the police are labeled "Twin Cities Police" in the film. Additionally, the city's Holidazzle Parade is renamed the Wintertainment Parade and takes place on 2nd Avenue during the day, rather than Nicollet Mall at night. Levant wanted to film the parade at night but was overruled for practical reasons. The parade was filmed at Universal Studios Hollywood in California on the New York Street set, due to safety concerns. The set was designed to resemble 2nd Avenue; the parade was shot from above by helicopters and stitched into matte shots of Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: where did they film jingle all the way

the Mall of America

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Decline of the Byzantine Empire Content: Decline of the Byzantine Empire The Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire during the medieval period, after the fall of the Western Roman Empire) following the Sack of Constantinople (1204) slowly collapsed by Ottoman expansion. After crisis of the Gothic Wars it managed to re-establish itself in a golden age under the Justinian dynasty in the 6th century, and during the Early Middle Ages it continued to flourish even after the Muslim conquest of the Levant and the constant threat of Arab invasion. But in the High Middle Ages, under pressure from the Seljuk Empire, it suffered serious setbacks and Passage-1 Title: Decline of the Byzantine Empire Content: fell into decline. After the Battle of Manzikert (1071) it lost control of Anatolia, and while the Komnenos dynasty restored a degree of stability in the 12th century with help from the First Crusade, the empire was captured and partitioned by the Crusaders themselves in the Fourth Crusade in 1204. Even after Byzantine rule was restored in 1261, the empire was now a shadow of its former self, and after the end of the Crusades, the empire had little to set against the rise of the Ottoman Empire during the late medieval period, and was eventually conquered with the Fall Passage-2 Title: Decline of the Byzantine Empire Content: sad codicil to the Roman Empire of Antiquity. Late-20th-century and early-21st-century historians have instead emphasized the empire's remarkable resiliency and adaptability to change. The Byzantine-Arab Wars and the Battle of Manzikert have traditionally been considered the most significant. However, recent books by Paul Magdalino and John Birkenmeier have re-evaluated the position of the empire in the 12th century, citing the collapse under the Angeloi (1185–1204) as the most decisive turning point in the empire's fortunes. Although this view is not universally held, historians generally agree that after the Fourth Crusade in 1204, the empire was only a shadow of its Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what was one cause of the decline of the byzantine empire

The Byzantine-Arab Wars

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Indus Valley Civilisation Content: Indus Valley Civilisation The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), or Harappan Civilisation, was a Bronze Age civilisation (3300–1300 BCE; mature period 2600–1900 BCE) mainly in the northwestern regions of the Indian subcontinent. Along with Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, it was one of three early cradles of civilisations of the Old World, and of the three, the most widespread. The civilisation was primarily located in modern-day India (Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir states) and Pakistan (Sindh, Punjab, and Balochistan provinces), while some sites in Afghanistan are believed to be trading colonies. A total of 1,022 cities and settlements Passage-1 Title: Ancient history Content: production, and metal working. The site was occupied continuously until about 2600 BC.[2] The Indus Valley Civilization (c. 3300–1700 BC, flourished 2600–1900 BC), abbreviated IVC, was an ancient civilization that flourished in the Indus and Ghaggar-Hakra river valleys primarily in what is now Pakistan, although settlements linked to this ancient civilization have been found in eastern Afghanistan, and western India. Minor scattered sites have been found as far away as Turkmenistan. Another name for this civilization is the Harappan Civilization, after the first of its cities to be excavated, Harappa in the Pakistani province of Punjab. The IVC might have Passage-2 Title: Indus Valley Civilisation Content: southern Mesopotamia. The Indus Valley Civilisation is also named the "Harappan Civilisation" after Harappa, the first of its sites to be excavated in the 1920s (mainly 1921), in what was then the Punjab province of British India. The discovery of Harappa, and soon afterwards Mohenjo-daro, was the culmination of work beginning in 1861 with the founding of the Archaeological Survey of India in the British Raj. Excavation of Harappan sites has been ongoing since 1920, with important breakthroughs occurring as recently as 1999. This Harappan civilisation is sometimes called the Mature Harappan culture to distinguish it from the cultures immediately Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did indus valley civilization start and end

3300–1300 BCE

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Hives Content: Hives Hives, also known as urticaria, is a kind of skin rash with red, raised, itchy bumps. They may also burn or sting. Often the patches of rash move around. Typically they last a few days and do not leave any long-lasting skin changes. Fewer than 5% of cases last for more than six weeks. The condition frequently recurs. Hives frequently occur following an infection or as a result of an allergic reaction such as to medication, insect bites, or food. Psychological stress, cold temperature, or vibration may also be a trigger. In half of cases the cause remains unknown. Passage-1 Title: Hives Content: Hives Hives, also known as urticaria, is a kind of skin rash with red, raised, itchy bumps. They may also burn or sting. Often the patches of rash move around. Typically they last a few days and do not leave any long-lasting skin changes. Fewer than 5% of cases last for more than six weeks. The condition frequently recurs. Hives frequently occur following an infection or as a result of an allergic reaction such as to medication, insect bites, or food. Psychological stress, cold temperature, or vibration may also be a trigger. In half of cases the cause remains unknown. Passage-2 Title: Hives Content: eight hours to three days. The source of the pressure on the skin can happen from tight fitted clothing, belts, clothing with tough straps, walking, leaning against an object, standing, sitting on a hard surface, etc. The areas of the body most commonly affected are the hands, feet, trunk, abdomen, buttocks, legs and face. Although this appears to be very similar to dermatographism, the cardinal difference is that the swelled skin areas do not become visible quickly and tend to last much longer. This form of the skin disease is, however, rare. Cholinergic urticaria (CU) is one of the physical Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: the medical term for what is commonly called hives is

urticaria

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Tottenham Hotspur F.C. Content: The Football Association, replacing the Football League First Division as the highest division of English football. Despite a succession of managers and players such as Teddy Sheringham, Jürgen Klinsmann and David Ginola, for a long period in the Premier League until the late 2000s, Spurs finished mid-table most seasons with few trophies won. They won the League Cup in 1999 under George Graham, and again in 2008 under Juande Ramos. Performance improved under Harry Redknapp with players such as Gareth Bale and Luka Modrić, and the club finished in the top five in the early 2010s. In February 2001, Sugar Passage-1 Title: 2011–12 Tottenham Hotspur F.C. season Content: defeated by Stoke City on penalties, as well as the FA Cup where they reached the semi-finals but were defeated 5–1 by Chelsea. Tottenham finished the season in fourth place after occupying third place for the majority of the season. Their last game of the Premier League season was a 2–0 victory against Fulham. As of 14 February 2012. Goal originally awarded to Gareth Bale but subsequently ruled a Chris Baird own goal by the Premier League's Dubious Goals Committee. Tottenham Hotspur win 5–0 on aggregate. "" 2011–12 Tottenham Hotspur F.C. season The 2011–12 season was Tottenham Hotspurs 20th season Passage-2 Title: History of Tottenham Hotspur F.C. Content: Tottenham achieved their first Premier League victory against rivals Arsenal at White Hart Lane in 11 years, with goals from Gareth Bale and a spectacular volley from Premier League debutant Danny Rose giving them a 2–1 win. The following season they also won at the Emirates in November 2010 with goals from Rafael van der Vaart and Bale, their first win at Arsenal in 17 years. Spurs finished the 2009–10 season in 4th place, and reached the qualifying rounds of the Champions League for the first time in their history. Early into the 2010–11 season, Spurs qualified for the group Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did spurs last win the premier league

2008

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Ghosts (Pac-Man) Content: He will chase after Pac-Man in Blinky's manner, but will wander off to his home corner when he gets too close. In "Ms. Pac-Man", this ghost is named Sue, and in "Jr. Pac-Man", this ghost is named Tim. In the animated series, Clyde (voiced by Neil Ross) is the leader of the group. In recent games and "Pac-Man and the Ghostly Adventures", Clyde (voiced by Brian Drummond in the TV series and by Orion Acaba in the video game) is depicted as a large ghost who is simple, but not unintelligent and has an appetite equal to Pac-Man's. He lacks Passage-1 Title: Ghosts (Pac-Man) Content: that were exclusive to the TV series like Cyclops Ghosts (a race of heavyset, horned Ghosts with one eye), Fire Ghosts (a race of orange Ghosts who can emit fire from their body), Tentacle Ghosts (a race of 4-eyed purple-black Ghosts who look similar to jellyfish), Guardian Ghosts (a race of large Ghosts who guard the Netherworld), and Aqua Ghosts (a race of light blue Ghosts with fins on their head). Below is the description of each Ghost. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> "Shadow," better known by his nickname, Blinky, is a red ghost who, in the original arcade game, follows behind Pac-Man. He Passage-2 Title: Pac-Man (character) Content: to a time warp. The "Pac-Man World" games' main villain was Orson, an ordinary ghost who was also an inventive genius. Orson was the villain in the first title, but assisted Pac-Man in the third game against a greater threat to the both of them, Erwin. Spooky, a ghost once vanished by Pac-a-Lot, that was freed (albeit unintentionally) by Blinky, Inky, Pinky and Clyde. In Pac-Man and the Ghostly Adventures, the villain is Betrayus, the dead brother of President Spheros. Pac-Man's relationship to the original four ghosts who appeared in his game is usually one of friendly antagonism. In virtually Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what are the ghost's name in pacman

Clyde

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Politics of the United States Content: office as an independent. Each state has significant discretion in deciding how candidates are nominated, and thus eligible to appear on the election ballot. Typically, major party candidates are formally chosen in a party primary or convention, whereas minor party and Independents are required to complete a petitioning process. The modern political party system in the United States is a two-party system dominated by the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. These two parties have won every United States presidential election since 1852 and have controlled the United States Congress since 1856. The Democratic Party generally positions itself as left-of-center Passage-1 Title: Political parties in the United States Content: New York in 1828; the party's creators feared the Freemasons, believing they were a powerful secret society that was trying to rule the country in defiance of republican principles. The modern political party system in the U.S. is a two-party system dominated by the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. These two parties have won every United States presidential election since 1852 and have controlled the United States Congress to some extent since at least 1856. The Democratic Party is one of two major political parties in the U.S. Founded as the Democratic-Republican Party in 1792 by Thomas Jefferson and Passage-2 Title: Politics of the United States Content: systems, Americans vote for a specific candidate instead of directly selecting a particular political party. With a federal government, officials are elected at the federal (national), state and local levels. On a national level, the President, is elected indirectly by the people, through an Electoral College. In modern times, the electors virtually always vote with the popular vote of their state. All members of Congress, and the offices at the state and local levels are directly elected. Various federal and state laws regulate elections. The United States Constitution defines (to a basic extent) how federal elections are held, in Article Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what is the political party system of the united states

two-party system

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Content: Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University (GGSIPU or IP or IPU), formerly Indraprastha University, is a public state university located in Delhi, India. It was established in 1998 by Government of Delhi, as a teaching-cum-affiliating university. The University is recognized by University Grants Commission (India), under section 12B of the UGC Act. It has been graded 'A' by the NAAC. The medium of instruction is English to meet the international language standards. Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University is a member of the Association of Commonwealth Universities, Association of Indian Universities, Medical Council of India and Distance Passage-1 Title: Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Content: Aravali(BH-2) for Boys and Satpura(GH-1) and Nilgiri(GH-2) for girls. Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University (GGSIPU or IP or IPU), formerly Indraprastha University, is a public state university located in Delhi, India. It was established in 1998 by Government of Delhi, as a teaching-cum-affiliating university. The University is recognized by University Grants Commission (India), under section 12B of the UGC Act. It has been graded 'A' by the NAAC. The medium of instruction is English to meet the international language standards. Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University is a member of the Association of Commonwealth Universities, Association Passage-2 Title: Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Content: Education Council. Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University was established as Indraprastha University (IPU) on 28 March 1998 by the Govt. of NCT Delhi as a state university under the provisions of Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Act, 1998 with its Amendment in 1999. The university was named after the ancient mythological city of Indraprastha, which features prominently in the epic "Mahabharata". In 2001, the university was officially renamed as Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University (GGSIPU) after the tenth Sikh guru Guru Gobind Singh. The university is governed by a board of management, headed by the vice-chancellor and is appointed by Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: guru gobind singh indraprastha university dwarka nearest metro station

Dwarka Sector 14 Metro Station

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Jump (Rihanna song) Content: freeesh." He also quotes lyrics from Rihanna's 2012 single "Diamonds" in the line, "Versace, chrome, we're shinin'/Shine bright like a Neil Diamond." Michael Depland of MTV Buzzworthy praised the remix and wrote that it makes the song sound even better. Allison Stewart for "The Washington Post" thought that "Jump" stood out as one of the highlights of "Unapologetic", describing it as a "monster in the making". Along with "Stay", Stewart listed "Jump" as her top two songs on the album. Alike Stewart, Melissa Maerz for "Entertainment Weekly" wrote that "Jump" was one of her top recommendations to listen to along Passage-1 Title: Neil Diamond Content: release, and stayed at the top of the charts for seven weeks, making it the Popular Music Song of the Year in 1966. "And the Grass Won't Pay No Mind" brought covers from Elvis Presley (who also interpreted "Sweet Caroline") and Mark Lindsay, former lead singer for Paul Revere & the Raiders. Other notable artists who recorded his early songs were the English hard-rock band Deep Purple, Lulu, and Cliff Richard. In 1966, Diamond signed a deal with Bert Berns's Bang Records, then a subsidiary of Atlantic. His first release on that label, "Solitary Man", became his first true hit Passage-2 Title: SWLABR Content: SWLABR "SWLABR" is a song by British rock band Cream. Recorded in 1967, it first appeared on the album "Disraeli Gears" (1967). Later, the song was included as the B-side to Cream's "Sunshine of Your Love" single. The song was a collaborative writing effort between poet Pete Brown and bassist Jack Bruce, with Brown providing the lyrics and Bruce the music. Bruce sings and plays bass guitar, with Eric Clapton on guitars, and Ginger Baker on drums. The title is an initialism for "She Walks Like a Bearded Rainbow". Bruce later commented that the W stood for "Was" rather than Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who sang shine bright like a diamond first

Rihanna

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Korean reunification Content: Korean War, which ended in stalemate in 1953. Since the end of the Korean War, reunification has become more of a challenge as the two countries have become increasingly politically and economically divergent. However, in the late 2010s, relations between North and South Korea have warmed somewhat, beginning with North Korea's participation in the 2018 Winter Olympics in South Korea. The current division of the Korean Peninsula is the result of decisions taken at the end of World War II. In 1910, the Empire of Japan annexed Korea, and ruled over it until its defeat in World War II. The Passage-1 Title: Korean War Content: Korean War The Korean War (in South Korean , "Korean War"; in North Korean , "Fatherland: Liberation War"; 25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953) was a war between North Korea (with the support of China and the Soviet Union) and South Korea (with the principal support of the United States). The war began on 25 June 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea following a series of clashes along the border. As a product of the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, Korea had been split into two sovereign states. Both governments claimed to be Passage-2 Title: Korean conflict Content: Korean conflict The Korean conflict is based on the division between the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in the north and the Republic of Korea in the south, both of which claim to be the government of the entire peninsula. During the Cold War, North Korea was backed by the Soviet Union, China and other communist states, and South Korea was backed by the United States and its capitalist allies. The division of Korea by external powers occurred at the end of World War II in 1945, and tensions erupted into the Korean War, which lasted from 1950 to 1953. Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did north korea and south korea split up

1945

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Lagos Colony Content: Lagos Colony Lagos Colony was a British colonial possession centred on the port of Lagos in what is now southern Nigeria. Lagos was annexed on 6 August 1861 under the threat of force by Commander Beddingfield of HMS Prometheus who was accompanied by the Acting British Consul, William McCoskry. Oba Dosunmu of Lagos (spelled "Docemo" in British documents) resisted the cession for 11 days while facing the threat of violence on Lagos and its people, but capitulated and signed the Lagos Treaty of Cession. Lagos was declared a colony on 5 March 1862. By 1872 Lagos was a cosmopolitan trading Passage-1 Title: Lagos Colony Content: as follows: From 1866 to 1886 Lagos was subordinate first to Sierra Leone, then to Gold Coast. Lagos Colony Lagos Colony was a British colonial possession centred on the port of Lagos in what is now southern Nigeria. Lagos was annexed on 6 August 1861 under the threat of force by Commander Beddingfield of HMS Prometheus who was accompanied by the Acting British Consul, William McCoskry. Oba Dosunmu of Lagos (spelled "Docemo" in British documents) resisted the cession for 11 days while facing the threat of violence on Lagos and its people, but capitulated and signed the Lagos Treaty of Passage-2 Title: History of Lagos Content: word "Lacobriga". It was a major centre of the slave trade until 1851, and the Bombardment of Lagos. Britain, which had banned slavery in 1807, signed a treaty which ushered in the British consular period. Lagos was annexed by Britain via the Lagos Treaty of Cession in 1861 ending the consular period and starting the British colonial period. The remainder of modern-day Nigeria was seized in 1886. When the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria was established in 1914 Lagos was declared its capital. Lagos experienced rapid growth throughout the 1960s and 1970s as a result of Nigeria's economic boom prior Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when was lagos annexed by the colonial masters

6 August 1861

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Content: Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is a gothic novella by Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson, first published in 1886. The work is also known as The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, or simply Jekyll & Hyde. It is about a London lawyer named Gabriel John Utterson who investigates strange occurrences between his old friend, Dr Henry Jekyll, and the evil Edward Hyde. The novella's impact is such that it has become a part of the language, with the very phrase "Jekyll Passage-1 Title: Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Content: Armitage. A Musical was created by Frank Wildhorn, Steve Cuden, and Leslie Bricusse: "Jekyll & Hyde: The Gothic Musical Thriller - The Complete Work" (1994). S. G. Hulme Beaman illustrated a 1930s edition. Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is a gothic novella by Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson, first published in 1886. The work is also known as The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, or simply Jekyll & Hyde. It is about a London lawyer named Gabriel John Utterson who investigates Passage-2 Title: Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Content: cocaine while other biographers said he used ergot. However, the standard history, according to the accounts of his wife and son (and himself), says he was bed-ridden and sick while writing it. According to Osbourne, "The mere physical feat was tremendous and, instead of harming him, it roused and cheered him inexpressibly". He continued to refine the work for four to six weeks after the initial re-write. The novella was written in the southern English seaside town of Bournemouth, where Stevenson had moved due to ill health, to benefit from its sea air and warmer southern climate. The name Jekyll Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who wrote the strange case of dr jekyll

Robert Louis Stevenson

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: 2017–18 Minnesota Timberwolves season Content: 2017–18 Minnesota Timberwolves season The 2017–18 Minnesota Timberwolves season was the 29th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA). They clinched their first winning season since 2005 with a win over the New York Knicks on March 23, 2018. On April 11, 2018, the Timberwolves clinched a playoff berth for the first time since 2004 with a win over the Denver Nuggets, ending what was the longest post-season drought in the NBA at the time, at 13 seasons to pass the Sacramento Kings to currently make the longest postseason NBA drought. The last time the Wolves made Passage-1 Title: Minnesota Timberwolves Content: became the first winning season since the 2004–05 season, and secured the last spot in the playoffs on the final day of the regular season with a 112–106 win over the Denver Nuggets. The 2017–18 season also ended the longest streak without a playoff appearance at 13 seasons. The Timberwolves would be eliminated in the first round of the playoffs by the Houston Rockets in five games. On November 12, 2018, the Timberwolves traded Butler and Justin Patton to the Philadelphia 76ers in exchange for Robert Covington, Dario Šarić, Jerryd Bayless and a 2022 second-round draft pick. In their inaugural Passage-2 Title: 2016–17 Minnesota Timberwolves season Content: 2016–17 Minnesota Timberwolves season The 2016–17 Minnesota Timberwolves season was the 28th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA). On April 20, 2016, the Timberwolves hired Tom Thibodeau as their new head coach. On September 23, 2016, Kevin Garnett would officially retire from the NBA, thus ending his 21-year career in the process. On April 11, 2017, the Timberwolves would unveil a new logo and new uniforms to enter the next season. They improved their 29–53 output from the previous season, but missed the playoffs for the 13th consecutive season, tying the record for the longest playoff Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when is the last time the timberwolves made the playoffs

2004

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: King Arthur: Legend of the Sword Content: King Arthur: Legend of the Sword King Arthur: Legend of the Sword is a 2017 epic fantasy film written and directed by Guy Ritchie and co-written by Joby Harold and Lionel Wigram, inspired by Arthurian legends. The film stars Charlie Hunnam as the title character and Jude Law as the tyrannical king Vortigern who is attempting to kill him, with Àstrid Bergès-Frisbey, Djimon Hounsou, Aidan Gillen, and Eric Bana in supporting roles. "King Arthur" premiered at the TCL Chinese Theater on 8 May 2017 and was theatrically released in 2D and RealD 3D on 12 May 2017 in the United Passage-1 Title: King Arthur: Legend of the Sword Content: the introduction of Merlin, stating it would have been more successful as a solo film instead of setting up a franchise. King Arthur: Legend of the Sword King Arthur: Legend of the Sword is a 2017 epic fantasy film written and directed by Guy Ritchie and co-written by Joby Harold and Lionel Wigram, inspired by Arthurian legends. The film stars Charlie Hunnam as the title character and Jude Law as the tyrannical king Vortigern who is attempting to kill him, with Àstrid Bergès-Frisbey, Djimon Hounsou, Aidan Gillen, and Eric Bana in supporting roles. "King Arthur" premiered at the TCL Chinese Passage-2 Title: King Arthur: Legend of the Sword Content: their eventual team up. For this endeavour they hired director Guy Ritchie, who has himself attempted to make a King Arthur movie prior to that. According to "The Guardian", the script soon became "a strange Frankenstein's Monster-style screenplay" incorporating elements from several of the unproduced Arthurian scripts. In August 2014, Charlie Hunnam, Ritchie's choice for the role, was cast to play King Arthur. Elizabeth Olsen was in talks for the female lead, but on 18 September, Àstrid Bergès-Frisbey landed the role instead. On 14 November, Jude Law was in talks to play the lead villain role in the film. On Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who played king arthur in king arthur legend of the sword

Charlie Hunnam

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Peter Ndlovu Content: flight status at that time. He would play a significant role in two major teams, Bobby Gould's attacking team of 1992/93 and the expansive squad of the mid and late 1990s, during which time Ron Atkinson and then Gordon Strachan managed the club. Bobby Gould's team in 1992–93 are widely regarded as under-achievers, finishing 15th in the first Premier League season, having spent much of the season in considerably higher positions. On 19 August 1992, Peter Ndlovu made history by being the first African footballer to play in the new English Premier League. Having acquired striker Micky Quinn in November Passage-1 Title: East Africa Premier League Content: Nikul Patel, Lucas Oluoch, Paresh Gami, Abdul Rehman, Mitesh Sanghani, Paramveer Singh, Abraham Vadada, Dominic Wesonga Tanmay Mishra (c), Josephat Ababu, Abdulqadir Najmi, Ibrahim Akello, Nick Oluoch, Hamza Malik (wk), Jimmy Kamande, Karan Kaul, Krutarth Rao, James Ngoche, Alex Obanda, Elijah Otieno, Emmanuel Bundi, Willam Rudd, Raj Savala, Waqas Aslam Morris Ouma (c), Stephen Biko, Dhiren Gondaria, Bhargab Goswami, Nadeem Ahmed, Shem Ngoche, Eugene Ochieng, Nelson Odhiambo, Kennedy Owino, Harsh Patel, Narendra Patel, Gagandeep Singh, Gurmanjot Singh, Taaha Sulemanjee, Siddhant Taneja, Bhavya Thaker Davis Arinaitwe (c), Hamza Saleh, Asadu Seiga, Nicholas Kebba, Arthur Kyobe, Deusdedit Muhumuza, Benjamin Musoke, Frank Nsubuga, Passage-2 Title: 2013 East Africa Premier League Content: Elijah Otieno, Emmanuel Bund, Willam Rudd, Raj Savala, Waqas Aslam Morris Ouma (c), Stephen Biko, Dhiren Gondaria, Bhargab Goswami, Nadeem Ahmed, Shem Ngoche, Eugene Ochieng, Nelson Odhiambo, Kennedy Owino, Harsh Patel, Narendra Patel, Gagandeep Singh, Gurmanjot Singh, Taaha Sulemanjee, Siddhant Taneja, Bhavya Thaker Davis Arinaitwe (c), Hamza Saleh, Asadu Seiga, Nicholas Kebba, Arthur Kyobe, Deusdedit Muhumuza, Benjamin Musoke, Frank Nsubuga, Faruk Ochimi, Jackson Ogwang, Richard Okia, Raymond Otim, Danniel Ruyange, Ivan Thawithemwira, Arthur Ziraba Lawrence Sematimba (c), Abdulah Lubega, Hamu Bagenda, Fred Isabirye, Jeremy Kibukamusoke, Brian Masaba, Mohammed Akmal, Roger Mukasa, Naeem Bardai, Martin Ondeko, Arnold Otwan, Jonathan Sebanja, Shamu Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: who is the first african to play in epl

Peter Ndlovu

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: Antonio Vivaldi Content: Antonio Vivaldi Antonio Lucio Vivaldi (; 4 March 1678 – 28 July 1741) was an Italian Baroque musical composer, virtuoso violinist, teacher, and priest. Born in Venice, the capital of the Venetian Republic, he is regarded as one of the greatest Baroque composers, and his influence during his lifetime was widespread across Europe. He composed many instrumental concertos, for the violin and a variety of other instruments, as well as sacred choral works and more than forty operas. His best-known work is a series of violin concertos known as the "Four Seasons". Many of his compositions were written for the Passage-1 Title: The Four Seasons (Vivaldi) Content: The Four Seasons (Vivaldi) The Four Seasons () is a group of four violin concerti by Italian composer Antonio Vivaldi, each of which gives musical expression to a season of the year. They were written around 1721 and were published in 1725 in Amsterdam, together with eight additional violin concerti, as ("The Contest Between Harmony and Invention"). "The Four Seasons" is the best known of Vivaldi's works. Though three of the concerti are wholly original, the first, "Spring", borrows motifs from a Sinfonia in the first act of Vivaldi's contemporaneous opera "Il Giustino". The inspiration for the concertos was probably Passage-2 Title: History of Italian culture (1700s) Content: plaster. Antonio Vivaldi was the most important composer in Italy at the end of the Baroque period. He wrote more than 400 concertos for various instruments, especially for the violin. The scores of 21 operas, including his first and last, are still intact. His best known work is a series of violin concertos known as The Four Seasons. Johann Sebastian Bach was deeply influenced by Vivaldi's concertos and arias (recalled in his "St John Passion", "St Matthew Passion", and cantatas). Bach transcribed six of Vivaldi's concerti for solo keyboard, three for organ, and one for four harpsichords, strings, and basso Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: which composer’s masterpiece is the four seasons

Antonio Lucio Vivaldi

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: United Kingdom Content: Ireland is Slieve Donard in the Mourne Mountains at . The United Kingdom has a temperate climate, with plentiful rainfall all year round. The temperature varies with the seasons seldom dropping below or rising above . The prevailing wind is from the south-west and bears frequent spells of mild and wet weather from the Atlantic Ocean, although the eastern parts are mostly sheltered from this wind since the majority of the rain falls over the western regions the eastern parts are therefore the driest. Atlantic currents, warmed by the Gulf Stream, bring mild winters; especially in the west where winters Passage-1 Title: British Isles Content: in Ireland at . The river Severn at is the longest in Great Britain. The climate of the British Isles is mild, moist and changeable with abundant rainfall and a lack of temperature extremes. It is defined as a temperate oceanic climate, or "Cfb" on the Köppen climate classification system, a classification it shares with most of northwest Europe. The islands receive generally cool summers and mild winters. The North Atlantic Drift ("Gulf Stream"), which flows from the Gulf of Mexico, brings with it significant moisture and raises temperatures 11 °C (20 °F) above the global average for the islands' Passage-2 Title: Climate of the British Isles Content: Climate of the British Isles The British Isles are an archipelago off the northwest coast of Europe, consisting of the islands of Great Britain and Ireland along with smaller surrounding ones. Its position allows dry continental air from Eurasia to meet wetter air from the Atlantic Ocean, which causes the weather to be highly variable, often changing many times during the day. It is defined as a temperate oceanic climate, or Cfb on the Köppen climate classification system. It is significantly warmer than other regions on the same latitude, due to the warmth provided by the Gulf Stream. Temperatures do Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: what provides great britian with a moderate climate

its proximity to the Atlantic

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: 1951–52 Indian general election Content: rest of the India voted only in February–March 1952 for the Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha elections. Polling was held between 25 October 1951 and 27 March 1952. The very first votes of the election were cast in the tehsil (district) of Chini in Himachal Pradesh. 1951–52 Indian general election The Indian general election of 1951–52 elected the first Lok Sabha since India became independent in August 1947. Until this point, the Indian Constituent Assembly had served as an interim legislature. See the 'Durations' section below to find the time-range associated with these elections. The Indian National Congress (INC) won Passage-1 Title: 1951–52 Indian general election Content: (3,784 hours), the highest recorded count of the number of sitting hours. The Lok Sabha lasted its full term from 17 April 1952 until 4 April 1957. While Indian Government's official websites and official documents assign the year 1951 to these polls, it is a misrepresentation because all territories except Himachal Pradesh and Jammu & Kashmir voted in February–March 1952; no polls were held for Lok Sabha seats in Kashmir until 1967, and "only" Himachal Pradesh voted in 1951 for the first Lok Sabha because weather tends to be inclement in February and March, heavy snow impending free movement. The Passage-2 Title: Anand Chand Content: was appointed the chief commissioner of the hitherto Bilaspur Province of independent India, a position that he held till 1950, when it became a State, before merging with what is today the State of Himachal Pradesh. Chand was elected to the 1st Lok Sabha from Bilaspur. He was later elected to the Rajya Sabha, first from Himachal Pradesh (1958–1964) and then from Bihar (1965–1970). In 1976, Chand moved to London, England, with his family after government-given privileges and allowances to princely states were abolished in 1971. Chand was elected to the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly in 1977 and would travel Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: first member of lok sabha from himachal pradesh

Mohinder Kaur

Given the following information: Passage-0 Title: RDS-1 Content: RDS-1 The RDS-1 (), also known as Izdeliye 501 (device 501) and First Lightning (), was the nuclear bomb used in the Soviet Union's first nuclear weapon test. The United States assigned it the code-name Joe-1, in reference to Joseph Stalin. It was detonated on 29 August 1949 at 7:00 a.m., at Semipalatinsk, Kazakh SSR, after top-secret research and development as part of the Soviet atomic bomb project. The weapon was designed at the Kurchatov Institute — at the time officially known as "Laboratory № 2", but designated as the "office" or "base" in internal documents — starting in April Passage-1 Title: Soviet atomic bomb project Content: weapon project and the American Manhattan Project. The Soviet efforts also rounded up captured German scientists to join their program, and relied heavily on knowledge passed by spies to Soviet intelligence agencies. On 29 August 1949, the Soviet Union secretly conducted its first successful weapon test ("First Lightning", based on the American "Fat Man" design) at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in Kazakhstan. As early as 1910 in Russia, independent research was being conducted on radioactive elements by several Russian scientists. Despite the hardship faced by the Russian academy of sciences during the national revolution in 1917, followed by the violent Passage-2 Title: RDS-1 Content: to be in possession of the atomic bomb, pressure mounted to develop the first hydrogen bomb. RDS-1 The RDS-1 (), also known as Izdeliye 501 (device 501) and First Lightning (), was the nuclear bomb used in the Soviet Union's first nuclear weapon test. The United States assigned it the code-name Joe-1, in reference to Joseph Stalin. It was detonated on 29 August 1949 at 7:00 a.m., at Semipalatinsk, Kazakh SSR, after top-secret research and development as part of the Soviet atomic bomb project. The weapon was designed at the Kurchatov Institute — at the time officially known as "Laboratory Answer the following question based on the given information or your internal knowledge with one or few words without the source. Question: when did the soviet union exploded its first atomic bomb

29 August 1949