DOI
stringlengths 13
40
| instance_id
stringlengths 9
26
| News Finding
stringlengths 13
1.2k
| Paper Finding
stringlengths 2
1.32k
| News Context
stringlengths 13
1.61k
| Paper Context
stringlengths 27
1.71k
| scores
stringlengths 3
25
| field
stringclasses 4
values | split
stringclasses 1
value | final_score
float64 1
5
| source
stringclasses 2
values | News URL
stringlengths 17
210
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203546 | Biology_easy_580 | Proof that size DOES matter! | The apparent resistance of P. mirabilis in the colony-forming assay was surprising, as other studies have demonstrated antibacterial activity of Manuka honey against this species. | Harrowing text messages reveal how...
Ready for the safari! Proof that size DOES matter! Blind hoarder is found to have unknowingly lived with... | Antibacterial activity is generally found to be highest in dark honey such as Manuka, whereas the suppression of mast cell activation was maximal with the relatively light-coloured eucalyptus honey. The apparent resistance of P. mirabilis in the colony-forming assay was surprising, as other studies have demonstrated antibacterial activity of Manuka honey against this species. 26 27 It arguably highlights the variability of raw honey, even from the same floral source, with storage time and conditions as likely factors. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/manuka-honey-could-be-used-on-medical-devices-to-stop-bacteria-building-up/ |
10.1038/s41467-017-01643-9 | Biology_easy_581 | The finding showed that the urban area was able to grow and thrive for several thousand years despite not having an actively flowing river nearby. | This result strongly suggests that the Sutlej River was the main source of fluvial sediment to the Ghaggar-Hakra palaeochannel. | That means their civilization existed without a major active water source, something archaeologists did not believe was possible. The finding showed that the urban area was able to grow and thrive for several thousand years despite not having an actively flowing river nearby. "The findings challenge our current understanding of how urbanization in many ancient civilizations began and grew in relation to natural resources," explained lead researcher Sanjeev Gupta, from the Department of Earth Science and Engineering at Imperial College London, Phys reported. | Notably, this peak is not dominant in the modern Yamuna, Ganges or Ghaggar river samples because the catchments of these rivers all lack prominent Palaeozoic granite bedrock 64 . This result strongly suggests that the Sutlej River was the main source of fluvial sediment to the Ghaggar-Hakra palaeochannel. The consistency of the zircon age distributions in fluvial sands taken from core samples traced from close to the Himalayan mountain front at SRH5 to Kalibangan, 300 km downstream, strengthens the case that these sands were deposited by the same sediment routing system. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=32649839624&p=1pl&v=1&x=SsPDKUrDqyunH6ix5JKBaA |
10.1016/j.cell.2016.01.024 | Biology_easy_582 | This suggested that these breast milk sugars might promote healthy infant growth. | This is not possible when transplanting intact, uncultured communities. | They found that sugars containing sialic acid, which has been implicated in brain development, were far more abundant in the breast milk of mothers with healthy compared with stunted babies. This suggested that these breast milk sugars might promote healthy infant growth. Given the difficulty of purifying large quantities of compounds from human breast milk, they turned instead to cow's milk, which contains sialylated sugars, but at 20-fold lower concentration than in breast milk. | Importantly, the culture collection in its entirety, or subsets of the collection, can be utilized to define the contribu- Figure S1 and Table S2. This is not possible when transplanting intact, uncultured communities. Sequencing 16S rRNA gene amplicons from the infant's uncultured fecal microbiota revealed that 77.8% of the bacterial composition detected in the intact community (97% ID OTUs, weighted by relative abundance) was represented in the culture collection ( Figure 2A ). | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/zW0mMT97ttg/ |
10.1073/pnas.0905235106 | Biology_easy_583 | Cargill clearly is getting on top of this trend. | 1 to FI/FO ϭ (RFEFM ϩ RFEFO)/2, where RFEFM is the same as in Fig. | If successful, the deal will make Cargill one of the top three aquaculture feed suppliers in the world. Cargill clearly is getting on top of this trend. First, the good news about this Big Ag aquaculture shift: As sources of protein, fish are way more efficient to raise than other leading sources of protein. | In contrast to overall protein needs, starch intake shows substantial variation ‡ The equation would change from that shown in Fig. 1 to FI/FO ϭ (RFEFM ϩ RFEFO)/2, where RFEFM is the same as in Fig. Indeed, farmed chickens now have a similar starch intake and overall efficiency in converting macronutrients to farmed weight gain as cold-blooded carp species. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://qz.com/481025/the-new-frontier-for-big-agriculture-is-aquaculture/ |
10.1098/rsos.140399 | Biology_easy_584 | Like many other animals, these adorable rodent's aren't wired to think that bearing one's teeth is a sign of pleasure or affection. | One hamster reached criterion on the first day in Phase C (day 16). | Like many other animals, these adorable rodent's aren't wired to think that bearing one's teeth is a sign of pleasure or affection. That's because, as it turns out, happy hamsters are optimist and willing to try new things. Predictably, the hamsters became fans of the sweet water, but avoided the bitter water all together. | Five hamsters reached criterion before the end of Phase B (day 15). One hamster reached criterion on the first day in Phase C (day 16). Hamsters correctly approached the sugar location on 84% of trials and the sugar control (C+) on 71% of trials. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.natureworldnews.com/articles/15898/20150802/hamsters-dont-smile-know-pet-happy.htm |
10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.02.011 | Biology_easy_586 | Asked what will happen if HHS determines the contracts did not meet those regulations, Collins said: "I guess we'll have to cross that bridge when we get to it." | The NSG-W host strain's more thorough immuno-depletion and/or use of quickly processed neonatal patient thymic explants may also have influenced our results. | "That if something can be done with these tissues that might save somebody's life downstream, perhaps that's a better choice than discarding them." Asked what will happen if HHS determines the contracts did not meet those regulations, Collins said: "I guess we'll have to cross that bridge when we get to it." Both pointed to adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and organoids as viable alternatives to human fetal tissue. | In contrast, the robust circulating immune cells in the NeoThy are likely due to HSC co-injection coupled with human thymic education in vivo, as described below. The NSG-W host strain's more thorough immuno-depletion and/or use of quickly processed neonatal patient thymic explants may also have influenced our results. This contrasts with our ex vivo assay of T cell proliferation following TCR stimulation (Figures 3A and S2C) . | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37975181309&p=1pl&v=1&x=Uw0FXITkc3iaj8Qcnk9z9w |
10.1038/s41467-018-06116-1 | Biology_easy_587 | Professor Niimi stated, "The multicolored Asian lady beetle (Harmonia axyridis) shows extraordinary intraspecific variation in wing colour patterns (>200 described colour forms), and seemed to be the best model to elucidate how insects have generated the diverse traits during evolution at the molecular level. | All procedures were rapidly performed to prevent diffusion of carotenoids. | A similar result was also obtained in the seven-spot ladybird (Coccinella septempunctata), which lives all over the world. Professor Niimi stated, "The multicolored Asian lady beetle (Harmonia axyridis) shows extraordinary intraspecific variation in wing colour patterns (>200 described colour forms), and seemed to be the best model to elucidate how insects have generated the diverse traits during evolution at the molecular level. In the genomic analyses of ladybird beetles, they found that the DNA sequences of the pannier gene in the multicolored Asian ladybird beetle was greater compared to other holometabolous insects including the seven-spot ladybird which shows a single color pattern. | Another important issue to clarify whether pannier is indeed the hotspot of morphological evolution in ladybird beetles is whether pannier is responsible for the remaining >20 minor colour patterns in H. axyridis. All procedures were rapidly performed to prevent diffusion of carotenoids. The PCR cycle number was 35 for all genes. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37220693210&p=1pl&v=1&x=gksV4tLrg9tBiFMtfcu2RQ |
10.1093/jmammal/gyw089 | Biology_easy_589 | "This is exactly the opposite of what we need to be happening." | In record #12, 2 individuals, an adult and a juvenile humpback dolphin, were observed near a floating dead calf. | "To lose a calf now, to lose another potential female that could add to the population, is devastating," Giles said. "This is exactly the opposite of what we need to be happening." There is evidence that the shortage of food has affected the clan's reproductive success, Balcomb said. | She was observed in her typical social group and foraging normally. In record #12, 2 individuals, an adult and a juvenile humpback dolphin, were observed near a floating dead calf. In record #13, a carcass of a humpback dolphin calf was observed floating in the Fitzroy River. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34741991783&p=1pl&v=1&x=ymowH-oQhWhN36jsZHEuSg |
10.1038/s41588-019-0405-z | Biology_easy_590 | This latest advance, reported in the May issue of Nature Genetics, has already generated interesting leads, including the geographic origin of A. duranensis, one of the two "parents" of cultivated peanut. | Within genes, the B subgenome was enriched relative to the A subgenome for DNA sequences that corresponded to small RNAs ( Supplementary Fig. | This made it easier to identify structural features of the genomes and the genes residing on them. This latest advance, reported in the May issue of Nature Genetics, has already generated interesting leads, including the geographic origin of A. duranensis, one of the two "parents" of cultivated peanut. The team's genomic analysis of populations of plants that make up the wild peanut species pointed to a region in northern Argentina known as Rio Seco. | However, greater densities of DNA sequences that corresponded to uniquely mapping small RNAs were found in gene-rich chromosomal regions ( Supplementary Fig. Within genes, the B subgenome was enriched relative to the A subgenome for DNA sequences that corresponded to small RNAs ( Supplementary Fig. As has been reported in other recent polyploids 27 , overall, the number of homeologous gene pairs with expression biased towards the A subgenome was not significantly different from the number biased towards the B subgenome (P = 0.2, two-sided binomial test; n = 3,648 and 3,759 for A and B, respectively). | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39123190179&p=1pl&v=1&x=-eqGm6Vsy7elcg_neqfqCA |
10.1038/s41586-019-1263-7 | Biology_easy_591 | Targeted therapies could alter the behaviour of fibroblasts to reduce inflammation and tissue destruction in these two diseases without the need for long-term immunosuppression or joint replacements, say the scientists. | After assigning identities to all cell clusters (Fig. | The research team shows, for the first time, that different types of fibroblasts -- the most common cells of connective tissue in animals -- are organised in different layers in the joint and are responsible for two very different forms of arthritis; osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Targeted therapies could alter the behaviour of fibroblasts to reduce inflammation and tissue destruction in these two diseases without the need for long-term immunosuppression or joint replacements, say the scientists. "From a research perspective this is exciting, but the clinical implications are also very important too. | Local deletion had the same effect on joint inflammation and bone damage with no effect observed in non-injected joints or following administration of diphtheria toxin in non-arthritic mice (Extended Data Fig. After assigning identities to all cell clusters (Fig. 3a, 5, Supplementary Table 1) , targeted reanalysis of the fibroblast populations on the basis of expression of known fibroblast markers revealed the existence of five distinct subgroups that we designate Extended Data Figs. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39341208861&p=1pl&v=1&x=j1chv9wg5TQTIQ_7lHWmjw |
10.1038/s41467-018-06861-3 | Biology_easy_594 | By modifying brassinosteroid signaling researchers had so far achieved arabidopsis plants with increased drought ressistance, but due to the complex action of these hormones on plant growth, these plants were much smaller than the respective controls. | These results agree with the previously reported role of BR receptors in promoting root growth 41 . | The study, published in the journal Nature Communications, is the first to find to find a strategy to increase hydric stress resistance without affecting overall plant growth. The study, published in the journal Nature Communications, is the first to find to find a strategy to increase hydric stress resistance without affecting overall plant growth. By modifying brassinosteroid signaling researchers had so far achieved arabidopsis plants with increased drought ressistance, but due to the complex action of these hormones on plant growth, these plants were much smaller than the respective controls. | 1a , b) but also showed increased receptor levels in root vascular tissues 33 ( Supplementary Fig. These results agree with the previously reported role of BR receptors in promoting root growth 41 . A significantly lower level of relative root growth inhibition mediated by osmotic stress was observed in bri1 (27%), bri1brl1brl3 (28%), and quad (27%) mutants compared to the WT (39%; Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37632584270&p=1pl&v=1&x=h_iy1mXIk2vo4MCfsBKzug |
10.1126/scitranslmed.aaa5079 | Biology_easy_595 | "We'd be very glad to see them here, if they want to come see us," he said. | CEBPA, CEBPB, and CEBPD have distinct functions . | Dr. Loughran, however, believes there needs to be additional study, hopefully in a larger trial, but the rarity of the disease makes recruiting subjects difficult. As such, he encourages patients with the disease to consider seeking treatment at the University of Virginia. "We'd be very glad to see them here, if they want to come see us," he said. | 6) . CEBPA, CEBPB, and CEBPD have distinct functions . As with the HIN-200 family, not all posttreatment samples up-regulated the same CEBP gene, but they all up-regulated at least one family member after treatment (Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.oncologynurseadvisor.com/experimental-treatment-sends-deadly-leukemia-into-remission/article/425738/ |
10.1038/s41467-019-08383-y | Biology_easy_596 | All three anode samples showed higher lithium-ion capacity than current graphite or silicon-carbon anodes used in Li-ion batteries and superior conductivity--on the order of 100 to 1,000 times higher than conventional silicon anodes, when MXene is added. | The ultrahigh C/A of the Si/MXene electrodes can be attributed to the advanced electrode architecture; (1) the viscous nature of the MXene aqueous ink enables the formation of thick composite electrodes (thus high M Acitve /A) using a simple/scalable manufacturing process; (2) the high aspect ratio and metallic conductivity of MXene nanosheets endow the composite electrodes with mechanical robustness, high strength and excellent conductivity, facilitating fast electron transport; (3) the continuous MXene scaffold efficiently accommodates the volume change and stress induced by the Si lithiation/delithiation, and boosts the utilization of active materials. | They also have excellent mechanical strength, so silicon-MXene anodes are also quite durable up to 450 microns thickness." All three anode samples showed higher lithium-ion capacity than current graphite or silicon-carbon anodes used in Li-ion batteries and superior conductivity--on the order of 100 to 1,000 times higher than conventional silicon anodes, when MXene is added. "The continuous network of MXene nanosheets not only provides sufficient electrical conductivity and free space for accommodating the volume change but also well resolves the mechanical instability of Si," they write. | Even with a high M Active /A (~4 mg cm −2 ), graphite-Si/conductive-binder electrodes display a much lower C/A than the results reported here due to the excessive graphite content in the electrodes 47 . The ultrahigh C/A of the Si/MXene electrodes can be attributed to the advanced electrode architecture; (1) the viscous nature of the MXene aqueous ink enables the formation of thick composite electrodes (thus high M Acitve /A) using a simple/scalable manufacturing process; (2) the high aspect ratio and metallic conductivity of MXene nanosheets endow the composite electrodes with mechanical robustness, high strength and excellent conductivity, facilitating fast electron transport; (3) the continuous MXene scaffold efficiently accommodates the volume change and stress induced by the Si lithiation/delithiation, and boosts the utilization of active materials. Indeed, the thickness changes arẽ 34% in nSi/MX-C and~20% in Gr-Si/MX-C, suggesting 30 wt% of the MX-C nanosheet network has effectively accommodated the volume change induced by 70 wt% of Si particles (Supplementary Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38601608102&p=1pl&v=1&x=Se42J3Exn5t7Awr_ViZtlA |
10.1038/s41467-018-04079-x | Biology_easy_598 | This could help us explore space and track satellites, and even keep the world's time zones in sync. | From the measured profile shown in Fig. | This could help us explore space and track satellites, and even keep the world's time zones in sync. "I would call lutetium top in its class." With more 'ticks' or oscillations in each second, time can be measured with greater and greater precision. | • , the light shift measured as a function of beam position determines the spatial profile of the laser beam. From the measured profile shown in Fig. 2b , a peak intensity relative to the incident optical power of I max /P = 36.8 (8) mm −2 can be inferred (see Methods). | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34184284121&p=1pl&v=1&x=Gq5Z5hRlroW5wIifqWlTzA |
10.1038/s41467-018-07690-0 | Biology_easy_599 | They are much cooler than the surrounding areas and are highly magnetized. | These localized inflows effectively reduce the latitudinal separation between opposite polarities and allow less flux to reach the polar region. | They are much cooler than the surrounding areas and are highly magnetized. The tadpole discovery adds a third possibility to the mix. Scientists found the tadpoles were made up entirely of plasma--the fourth state of matter, consisting of electrically conducting material made up of charged particles. | The quantity T n accounts for the variation of tilt angle with cycle strength 57 . These localized inflows effectively reduce the latitudinal separation between opposite polarities and allow less flux to reach the polar region. The initial radial magnetic field associated with the BMR is | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38589987783&p=1pl&v=1&x=9laG3ereFul8pv27_aEYIg |
10.1098/rstb.2010.0340 | Biology_easy_600 | "As bivalves open easily after cooking, this does suggest that the mollusks at Trinil weren't cooked," says Szabo. | They differ from their approximately 120 -70 ka antecedents in that they take the form of hundreds of discrete types, identifying regional patterns . | That requires a certain degree of dexterity and knowhow, so Homo erectus became the most likely culprit. "As bivalves open easily after cooking, this does suggest that the mollusks at Trinil weren't cooked," says Szabo. There is another possible reason Homo erectus might have been scraping out mollusk shells. | One of the latter , and reappeared almost everywhere in Africa and Eurasia after this time span; approximately 40 ka old beads from Europe are associated with both Neanderthals and AMH . They differ from their approximately 120 -70 ka antecedents in that they take the form of hundreds of discrete types, identifying regional patterns . As with formal bone tools (see above), the minimalistic consensual interpretation of personal ornament use by Neanderthals (figure 1x) is that they were fully able to incorporate new categories of symbolic items in their own culture. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/oldest-engraving-shell-tools-zigzags-art-java-indonesia-humans-180953522/ |
10.1126/scitranslmed.aac8577 | Biology_easy_601 | aEURoeI would say the spring and the fall are the better months. | The mean serum MCP-1 level of 16-week-old Npt2b −/− mice is shown for comparison. | If it gets too cold I canaEUR(tm)t breathe,aEUR says Falco. aEURoeI would say the spring and the fall are the better months. ItaEUR(tm)s very hard to explain whataEUR(tm)s wrong. | Changes in serum MCP-1 levels closely paralleled the radiographic and histologic course after adoptive microlith transfer, more than tripling from baseline to peak inflammation at 7 days, and returning to near baseline at 1 month (Fig. The mean serum MCP-1 level of 16-week-old Npt2b −/− mice is shown for comparison. Therapeutic lavage reduces pulmonary opacities and microlith burden Infrared spectroscopy revealed that alveolar microliths isolated from Npt2b −/− mice were composed of calcium phosphate, predominantly hydroxyapatite. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/pulmonary-alveolar-microlithiasis-mouse-model-offers-new-insights-into-rare-lung-disease/ |
10.1038/s41467-017-01823-7 | Biology_easy_603 | Certain devices using Snapdragon's Quick Charge technology can receive five hours of battery life from a five minute charge. | Overall, the unique hierarchical structure of GB enables its uniform coating over micrometersize NCM powder at the minimal content ( Fig. | "The key is who can commercialise the technology first. It won't be easy to apply the minute processing technology for large-scale production of high-quality, electronics-grade graphene." Certain devices using Snapdragon's Quick Charge technology can receive five hours of battery life from a five minute charge. | Importantly, even 1 wt% addition of GB improved the conductivity of NCM powder significantly when tested in a pelletized form; pelletized pristine NCM and GB-NCM exhibited conductivity values of 1.13 × 10 −3 and 9.72 × 10 −2 s cm −1 , respectively. Overall, the unique hierarchical structure of GB enables its uniform coating over micrometersize NCM powder at the minimal content ( Fig. 3k ) and supplements the relatively low conductivity of NCM. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=32630328216&p=1pl&v=1&x=6ZRZOGhILIwtAVP27UPNMg |
10.1038/s41467-018-05153-0 | Biology_easy_604 | At some threshold level of disorder, long-range ordered CDW disappears abruptly, and superconducting transition temperature is abruptly reduced as well. | The substantial decrease of T c and exponential-like saturation of ∆λ can be explained with multiband s-wave type superconducting gap with some amount of interband coupling. | "As CDW is suppressed or disrupted, superconductivity is grabbing the electrons needed to form Cooper's pairs, which form superconducting condensate." At some threshold level of disorder, long-range ordered CDW disappears abruptly, and superconducting transition temperature is abruptly reduced as well. "It is very important to understand the factors that influence superconductivity, in particular its critical temperature," said Prozorov. | All the T c suppressions from these three samples (P1, P2, P3) are summarized in Fig. The substantial decrease of T c and exponential-like saturation of ∆λ can be explained with multiband s-wave type superconducting gap with some amount of interband coupling. Upon initial irradiation up to 1.0 C cm −2 , an anticorrelation of T CDW and T c was observed, which is most naturally interpreted in terms of strong competition between the superconducting and CDW phases. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34641425109&p=1pl&v=1&x=lbE2fn9BEKTbMOm0eBc60A |
10.1007/s11056-016-9561-5 | Biology_easy_605 | Their enthusiasm and the wonderful example of this model inspired Steiner in the late 1990s to offer his services to the organization as a volunteer science adviser. | Considering that the most resistant B 3 F 2 s have breeding values closer to C. mollissima than to C. dentata within pollen clouds from partially selected plantations, the maximum resistance of the B 3 F 3 progeny is expected to approach the mean resistance of C. mollissima upon completion of selection at B 3 F 2 . | "But he did not reckon on the ability of a nonprofit organization like the American Chestnut Foundation to accomplish a 'lost-cause' conservation task through the power of thousands of volunteer citizen-scientists and philanthropic supporters." Their enthusiasm and the wonderful example of this model inspired Steiner in the late 1990s to offer his services to the organization as a volunteer science adviser. And he is not alone. | Actual gains may be less depending upon the level of genotype by environment interaction. Considering that the most resistant B 3 F 2 s have breeding values closer to C. mollissima than to C. dentata within pollen clouds from partially selected plantations, the maximum resistance of the B 3 F 3 progeny is expected to approach the mean resistance of C. mollissima upon completion of selection at B 3 F 2 . Restoration trials composed of B 3 F 3 progeny from selected B 3 F 2 parents will determine whether resistance after selection at B 3 F 2 is sufficient to generate reproductive, self-sustaining populations in the forest. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.futurity.org/american-chestnut-more-time-1432472/ |
10.1038/ncb2578 | Biology_easy_606 | "It's likely this mechanism is related to diseases such as type 2 diabetes. | These results suggest that under basal conditions, GRP94 retains WFS1 in the ER and when stimulated with glucose, GRP94 releases WFS1 allowing WFS1 to escape the ER. | While WS is a rare condition, affecting only about 1 in 500,000 people, Urano says the findings also may be important in the treatment of more common disorders. "It's likely this mechanism is related to diseases such as type 2 diabetes. If a complete absence of the WFS1 protein causes WS, perhaps a partial impairment leads to something milder, like diabetes." | 5b ), but reforms in the presence of Tg treatment (Fig. These results suggest that under basal conditions, GRP94 retains WFS1 in the ER and when stimulated with glucose, GRP94 releases WFS1 allowing WFS1 to escape the ER. In the presence of ER stress, the GRP94-WFS1 complex reforms, presumably to maintain WFS1 in the ER to fulfil its function in ameliorating ER stress; however, this leads to an overall reduction in β-cell function as seen in Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.redorbit.com/news/health/1112696131/genetic-mutation-linked-to-rare-diabetes-091812/ |
10.1038/s41467-018-06280-4 | Biology_easy_607 | The study found that that while smoky air makes it harder for these clouds to grow, pollution energizes their growth, but only if the pollution isn't heavy. | 3 display similar characteristics. | The study found that that while smoky air makes it harder for these clouds to grow, pollution energizes their growth, but only if the pollution isn't heavy. Extreme pollution is likely to shut down cloud growth. Even the same type of aerosol may have different effects at different altitudes in the atmosphere or at different concentrations of particles. | This behavior was attributed to the enhanced aerosol that reduces the amount of surface illumination. 3 display similar characteristics. However, we find that clouds in smoke, polluted continental and certain dust environments behave differently, suggesting that cloud heights are also sensitive to the aerosol type. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://earthsky.org/earth/study-aerosals-particles-pollution-smoke-thunderclouds |
10.1038/nm.4153 | Biology_easy_608 | The team showed that the drug, GKT137831, was also effective in reducing inflammasome activation in mice, including in the pneumonia model. | 8b,c) , relative to that in control cells. | Without this NOX-4-dependent boost in fat breakdown, the inflammatory response was blunted. The team showed that the drug, GKT137831, was also effective in reducing inflammasome activation in mice, including in the pneumonia model. "Since this drug is already in phase 2 clinical trials, we think it is a good candidate for additional research as a treatment for patients with metabolic inflammation and infectious disease as well," said Dr. Choi, who is also physician-in-chief at NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center. | 8a ) and secretion of IL-1β, IL-18 and TNF-α in LPS-primed WT peritoneal macrophages in response to nigericin and ATP (Supplementary Fig. 8b,c) , relative to that in control cells. Notably, treatment of LPS-primed primary human macrophages with GKT137831 or VAS-2870 resulted in lower caspase-1 activation, IL-1β cleavage (Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/enzyme-links-metabolic-state-to-inflammatory-response-to-infection/ |
10.1093/molbev/msu185 | Biology_easy_609 | In contrast, HSV-1 has been present in humans for far longer. | 5C ), likely caused by low precision point estimates of dN/dS. | In the end, the researchers found that HSV-2 was far more genetically similar to the herpes virus found in chimpanzees. This seemed to indicate that humans must have acquired it from an ancestor of modern chimps about 1.6 million years ago, prior to the rise of modern humans about 200,000 years ago. In contrast, HSV-1 has been present in humans for far longer. | One of the length expansions (involving a short terminal branch leading to an HVP-2 isolate) appears to be an outlier ( fig. 5C ), likely caused by low precision point estimates of dN/dS. However, when we used the original (GTR + À 4 ) branch length instead of the expanded length for this branch in our subsequent analyses, the hypothesis testing results and tMRCA inference remained unaffected (not shown). | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.scienceworldreport.com/articles/15347/20140611/evolutionary-origins-herpes-virus-infected-humans-before-human.htm |
10.1177/0141076814565942 | Psychology_0 | Regardless of background, the team explains, "circumcised boys were more likely than intact boys to develop ASD before age 10 years." | Results: With a total of 4986 ASD cases, our study showed that regardless of cultural background circumcised boys were more likely than intact boys to develop ASD before age 10 years (HR ¼ 1.46; 95% CI: 1.11-1.93). | Nearly 5,000 cases of ASD were diagnosed during that time. Regardless of background, the team explains, "circumcised boys were more likely than intact boys to develop ASD before age 10 years." What's more, "risk was particularly high for infantile autism before age 5 years." | Results: With a total of 4986 ASD cases, our study showed that regardless of cultural background circumcised boys were more likely than intact boys to develop ASD before age 10 years (HR ¼ 1.46; 95% CI: 1.11-1.93). Risk was particularly high for infantile autism before age five years (HR ¼ 2.06; 95% CI: 1.36-3.13). Circumcised boys in non-Muslim families were also more likely to develop hyperkinetic disorder (HR ¼ 1.81; 95% CI: 1.11-2.96). | [5.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 5.0] | Psychology | train | 4.4 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/asd-and-circumcision-linked-thoughts-brain-development-factor-318144 |
10.1177/0141076814565942 | Psychology_1 | What's more, "risk was particularly high for infantile autism before age 5 years." | Risk was particularly high for infantile autism before age five years (HR ¼ 2.06; 95% CI: 1.36-3.13). | Regardless of background, the team explains, "circumcised boys were more likely than intact boys to develop ASD before age 10 years." What's more, "risk was particularly high for infantile autism before age 5 years." That number may be so low due to overwhelming beliefs that the practice equates to genital mutilation, while stateside it may be considered more comparable to dental braces. | Results: With a total of 4986 ASD cases, our study showed that regardless of cultural background circumcised boys were more likely than intact boys to develop ASD before age 10 years (HR ¼ 1.46; 95% CI: 1.11-1.93). Risk was particularly high for infantile autism before age five years (HR ¼ 2.06; 95% CI: 1.36-3.13). Circumcised boys in non-Muslim families were also more likely to develop hyperkinetic disorder (HR ¼ 1.81; 95% CI: 1.11-2.96). | [5.0, 5.0, 5.0] | Psychology | train | 5 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/asd-and-circumcision-linked-thoughts-brain-development-factor-318144 |
10.1177/0141076814565942 | Psychology_10 | The study's findings showed that, regardless of cultural background, circumcised boys may run a greater risk of developing ASD. | We confirmed our hypothesis that boys who undergo ritual circumcision may run a greater risk of developing ASD. | The researchers, who followed the boys up to the age of nine, found that almost 5,000 cases of ASD were diagnosed. The study's findings showed that, regardless of cultural background, circumcised boys may run a greater risk of developing ASD. The researchers noted they also made an unexpected observation of an increased risk of hyperactivity disorder among circumcised boys in non-Muslim families. | Associations with asthma were consistently inconspicuous (HR ¼ 0.96; 95% CI: 0.84-1.10). We confirmed our hypothesis that boys who undergo ritual circumcision may run a greater risk of developing ASD. This finding, and the unexpected observation of an increased risk of hyperactivity disorder among circumcised boys in non-Muslim families, need attention, particularly because data limitations most likely rendered our HR estimates conservative. | [4.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 4 | news | http://psychcentral.com/news/2015/01/10/circumcision-linked-to-increased-risk-of-autism/79714.html |
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1941 | Psychology_100 | The analysis showed that these functional connectivities underlie the relation between depressive problems and sleep quality. | 1D involved in both poor sleep quality and depressive problems significantly mediated the relationship between the PSQI score and depressive problems score (Fig. | In the brains of those living with depressive problems, they discovered a strong connection between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (associated with short-term memory), the precuneus (associated with the self), and the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (associated with negative emotion). The analysis showed that these functional connectivities underlie the relation between depressive problems and sleep quality. The researchers conclude that increased functional connectivity among these brain regions provides a neural basis for how depression is related to poor sleep quality. | The mean strength of the 39 significant functional connectivities shown in Fig. 1D involved in both poor sleep quality and depressive problems significantly mediated the relationship between the PSQI score and depressive problems score (Fig. 2D , path AB) (4.8% of the total effect size, = 0.0139; p = 2.1×10 -5 ; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.03). | [2.0, 4.0, 5.0, 4.0, 5.0] | Psychology | train | 4 | news | https://www.futurity.org/depression-sleep-problems-insomnia-1821432-2/ |
10.1177/0141076814565942 | Psychology_101 | The study's findings showed that, regardless of cultural background, circumcised boys may run a greater risk of developing ASD. | As with the missing circumcisions performed by religious circumcisers, such non-differential exposure misclassification will most likely produce conservative estimates of any real difference in ASD risk between circumcised and intact boys. | The researchers, who followed the boys up to the age of nine, found that almost 5,000 cases of ASD were diagnosed. The study's findings showed that, regardless of cultural background, circumcised boys may run a greater risk of developing ASD. The researchers noted they also made an unexpected observation of an increased risk of hyperactivity disorder among circumcised boys in non-Muslim families. | Our HR estimates for ASD are therefore most likely conservative. As with the missing circumcisions performed by religious circumcisers, such non-differential exposure misclassification will most likely produce conservative estimates of any real difference in ASD risk between circumcised and intact boys. Reassuringly, our robustness analysis in which we restricted the observation period to 1994-2003, when ritual circumcisions and ASD outcomes were covered, revealed a stronger association of ritual circumcision with ASD risk (HR ¼ 1.62) than in the main analysis (HR ¼ 1.46). | [2.0, 4.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 2.75 | news | http://psychcentral.com/news/2015/01/10/circumcision-linked-to-increased-risk-of-autism/79714.html |
10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.10.028 | Psychology_102 | In total,19 percent of the young volunteers involved in the study reported that they had been physically abusive to a partner during a dating relationship and 68 percent of the volunteers reported to experiencing corporal punishment as children. | Notably, this latter finding refers only to acts of violence and not frequency or severity, which is important, given research showing that female subjects may suffer more long-term negative physical and psychosocial consequences of teen dating violence. | Of the 758 young adults recruited for the study, 61 percent were female. In total,19 percent of the young volunteers involved in the study reported that they had been physically abusive to a partner during a dating relationship and 68 percent of the volunteers reported to experiencing corporal punishment as children. There was a positive relationship between corporal punishment and physical violence during a romantic relationship. | Third, consistent with extant literature, female subjects were more likely to perpetrate teen dating violence than their male counterparts. Notably, this latter finding refers only to acts of violence and not frequency or severity, which is important, given research showing that female subjects may suffer more long-term negative physical and psychosocial consequences of teen dating violence. Fourth, parent education (as a proxy for socioeconomic status) was linked to teen dating violence-specifically, that participants with lower socioeconomic status were more likely to perpetrate teen dating violence. | [3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 1.0] | Psychology | train | 2.5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=32698329640&p=1pl&v=1&x=pR-rCOq5zncqbaREgJOeFg |
10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.10.028 | Psychology_104 | "The current study adds to this knowledge by showing that being physically punished as a child is linked to perpetrating dating violence as a teen and young adult." | One factor that merits additional attention is the association between a youth's history of experiencing corporal punishment and perpetration of dating violence. | That held true even after the researchers took into account the person's age, gender, parents' education and any history of child physical abuse. "The current study adds to this knowledge by showing that being physically punished as a child is linked to perpetrating dating violence as a teen and young adult." It's not that big a stretch to connect the two, he added. | 9 These factors cut across various domains including affective (eg, emotion dysregulation, psychiatric disorder), cognitive (eg, attitudes toward women, beliefs about violence), demographic (eg, age, race, sex, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status), interpersonal (eg, relationship satisfaction, problem solving skills), contextual (eg, availability of weapon, drug/alcohol use), as well as distal factors (eg, history of child abuse, exposure to family violence). One factor that merits additional attention is the association between a youth's history of experiencing corporal punishment and perpetration of dating violence. Attaining a better understanding of antecedents of dating violence is critical for preventive strategies seeking to mitigate dating violence among youth. | [5.0, 4.0, 4.0, 5.0, 5.0] | Psychology | train | 4.6 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=32686504555&p=1pl&v=1&x=J_KXigEKTcXYUPzjI0fyuQ |
10.1093/chemse/bjt066 | Psychology_106 | However, only the parmesan cheese odour elicited a different reaction time, which was slower when the label was positive. | Because half of the odors had a positive food labels and negative nonfood labels, it could be argued that the positive food labels in themselves led to the increase in the edibility ratings of these odors. | This finding indicates that the perceived edibility of an odour can be manipulated by a description, and that olfactory perception may be driven by a top-down (or directive) cognitive process. However, only the parmesan cheese odour elicited a different reaction time, which was slower when the label was positive. "We were surprised by this result because we expected reaction times to increase when all four odours were associated with positive labels," says Manescu. | A limitation of the present study is that the design is not balanced in terms of label edibility and therefore could bias our findings of the impact of labels on odor perception. Because half of the odors had a positive food labels and negative nonfood labels, it could be argued that the positive food labels in themselves led to the increase in the edibility ratings of these odors. Despite this limitation, we do find this to be true even for the 2 odors with both positive and negative nonfood labels, which supports that we found an effect of edibility on labeled manipulated odors. | [2.0, 3.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 2.5 | news | http://www.newswise.com/articles/smelling-with-our-eyes-descriptions-affect-odour-perception |
10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.10.028 | Psychology_107 | Although the research could not prove that one directly caused the other, it serves as yet another piece of data to suggest that corporal punishment could do more harm than good. | The strengths of the present study include a large ethnically diverse sample, and the use of methodologically sound measures of dating violence. | Although the research could not prove that one directly caused the other, it serves as yet another piece of data to suggest that corporal punishment could do more harm than good. Of the 758 young adults recruited for the study, 61 percent were female. In total,19 percent of the young volunteers involved in the study reported that they had been physically abusive to a partner during a dating relationship and 68 percent of the volunteers reported to experiencing corporal punishment as children. | Finally, even though we controlled important variables (eg, alcohol use, physical child abuse), other factors (eg, interparental violence) could influence findings. The strengths of the present study include a large ethnically diverse sample, and the use of methodologically sound measures of dating violence. Furthermore, variables known to relate to dating violence were controlled for, which highlights the importance of the unique impact of corporal punishment on perpetration of dating violence and addresses longstanding criticisms regarding a potentially confounding link between corporal punishment and poor outcomes. | [3.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=32698329640&p=1pl&v=1&x=pR-rCOq5zncqbaREgJOeFg |
10.1111/cdev.12250 | Psychology_108 | The chart below shows that students who engaged in pseudomature behavior at 13 were perceived as more popular by their peers than those who did not engage in pseudomature behavior, but that correlation faded over time. | The sociometric measure used in this study was a preference-based measure, although in some respects a status-based measure might have more precisely captured the desire of teens to be and appear "cool" among peers. | The pseudomature behaviors evolved into larger problems and the status of once cool individuals dropped: "The adolescent who comes to depend upon pseudomature behavior to gain peer status may gradually need to shift, for example, from minor forms of delinquency, such as vandalism and shoplifting, to more serious acts of criminal behavior to impress even a subset of older peers," the authors wrote. The chart below shows that students who engaged in pseudomature behavior at 13 were perceived as more popular by their peers than those who did not engage in pseudomature behavior, but that correlation faded over time. If the trend lines continued past age 15, you'd expect so-called cool-kid behavior to be less associated with popularity as people get older -- and that's exactly what happened. | Third, "popularity" is now recognized as potentially referring to both preference-based measures (i.e., who do teens prefer as associates) and statusbased measures (i.e., who do teens perceive as being "popular"). The sociometric measure used in this study was a preference-based measure, although in some respects a status-based measure might have more precisely captured the desire of teens to be and appear "cool" among peers. It remains possible, for example, that teens engaging in pseudomature behavior might possibly maintain a degree of status-based popularity (i.e., perceptions by others that they are members of the "popular" group) even if preference-based measures (such as used in this study, indicating other teens' actual desire to spend time with study participants) show declining social preference over time for teens engaging in pseudomature behavior. | [3.0, 3.0, 1.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 2.5 | news | http://www.businessinsider.com/being-popular-in-high-school-leads-to-problems-in-adulthood-2014-6 |
10.1177/0141076814565942 | Psychology_109 | They found that regardless of cultural background circumcised boys may run a greater risk of developing ASD. | Risk in this age group was markedly elevated among boys in non-Muslim families (HR ¼ 4.23; 95% CI: 1.90-9.44), a finding based on six ASD cases in circumcised boys versus 1165 cases in intact boys. | They found that regardless of cultural background circumcised boys may run a greater risk of developing ASD. The researchers also made the observation of an increased risk of hyperactivity disorder among circumcised boys in non-Muslim families. Risk was particularly high for infantile autism before the age of five, at least in epidemiology. | The increased risk of ASD in circumcised boys under the age of 5 years was present among boys in both Muslim and non-Muslim families ( Table 2) . Risk in this age group was markedly elevated among boys in non-Muslim families (HR ¼ 4.23; 95% CI: 1.90-9.44), a finding based on six ASD cases in circumcised boys versus 1165 cases in intact boys. Among boys in Muslim families, ASD risk was also significantly elevated in those who were circumcised (HR ¼ 1.54; 95% CI: 1.03-2.31), based on 28 ASD cases in circumcised boys versus 160 cases in intact boys. | [2.0, 2.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 2.75 | news | http://www.science20.com/news_articles/circumcision_linked_to_autism_study-152121 |
10.1177/0141076814565942 | Psychology_11 | The researchers noted they also made an unexpected observation of an increased risk of hyperactivity disorder among circumcised boys in non-Muslim families. | To our knowledge, there is no prior evidence to suggest a link between circumcision and hyperactivity disorder, so our finding of an increased risk of this common neurobehavioral disorder among circumcised boys in non-Muslim families was unexpected and needs cautious interpretation. | The study's findings showed that, regardless of cultural background, circumcised boys may run a greater risk of developing ASD. The researchers noted they also made an unexpected observation of an increased risk of hyperactivity disorder among circumcised boys in non-Muslim families. While it is unacceptable today to circumcise boys without proper pain relief, there is no way to eliminate the pain completely, the researchers said, adding that some boys will endure a lot of pain. | More strikingly, risk was 80-83% increased in the first 0-4 years of life, an increase that was restricted to infantile autism. To our knowledge, there is no prior evidence to suggest a link between circumcision and hyperactivity disorder, so our finding of an increased risk of this common neurobehavioral disorder among circumcised boys in non-Muslim families was unexpected and needs cautious interpretation. As expected, risk of asthma was independent of the boys' foreskin status, which is in accordance with prior findings for asthma in the first years of life. | [1.0, 3.0, 5.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 4 | news | http://psychcentral.com/news/2015/01/10/circumcision-linked-to-increased-risk-of-autism/79714.html |
10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.10.028 | Psychology_110 | "The current study adds to this knowledge by showing that being physically punished as a child is linked to perpetrating dating violence as a teen and young adult." | Second, in contrast to past research, no differences in corporal punishment were found when stratified by demographic characteristics. | That held true even after the researchers took into account the person's age, gender, parents' education and any history of child physical abuse. "The current study adds to this knowledge by showing that being physically punished as a child is linked to perpetrating dating violence as a teen and young adult." It's not that big a stretch to connect the two, he added. | First, more than one-half (68%) of participants in this sample reported experiencing corporal punishment as children. Second, in contrast to past research, no differences in corporal punishment were found when stratified by demographic characteristics. Third, consistent with extant literature, female subjects were more likely to perpetrate teen dating violence than their male counterparts. | [2.0, 4.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Psychology | train | 2.5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=32686504555&p=1pl&v=1&x=J_KXigEKTcXYUPzjI0fyuQ |
10.1093/jcr/ucw012 | Psychology_111 | "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them," she explains. | Thus, as expected, consumers in the behaviorally targeted ad condition recognized that the ad implied a social label to a greater extent than those in the other conditions. | "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them." "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them," she explains. While the effectiveness of behaviorally targeted ads is great news for marketers, these findings bring up some troubling hypotheticals. | Participants in the demographically targeted condition recognized an implied label marginally more than those in the nontargeted condition (F(1, 185) ¼ 3.06, p ¼ .08, g 2 ¼ .02). Thus, as expected, consumers in the behaviorally targeted ad condition recognized that the ad implied a social label to a greater extent than those in the other conditions. An ANOVA on purchase intentions for the restaurant Groupon revealed a significant difference between the conditions (F(2, 185) ¼ 3.81, p < .05, g 2 ¼ .04). | [4.0, 4.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 3.2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=40338498080&p=1pl&v=1&x=V53CkzJkG1_9kTNpbGkVtQ |
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1941 | Psychology_112 | While anyone whoas experienced the difficulty of depression or insomnia may not be surprised that theyare connected, this study marks the first time scientists can definitively say there are neural mechanisms underlying the relationship between the two. | Although previous studies have found changes in patients with depression in some of the regions of interest identified in this study, including the precuneus and angular gyrus, 43 this is to our knowledge the first study to examine the neural mechanisms underlying the associations of depressive problems with sleep quality and to associate sleep quality with functional connectivity in a large sample of participants. | Depression and sleeplessness go hand in hand.A petitefox/Flickr
aAn important part of the research was that we showed that in a population from the US, available because of the Human Connectome Project, the orbitofrontal cortex had increased functional connectivity with the other brain regions in people with depressive problems,a co-author and fellow University of Warwick professor Edmund Rolls, Ph.D. tells Inverse, referring to the large-scale effort to map the complete structural and functional neural connections within the human brain. A total of 162 functional connectivity neural links involved in the areas of the brain associated with sleep were identified from these scans. While anyone whoas experienced the difficulty of depression or insomnia may not be surprised that theyare connected, this study marks the first time scientists can definitively say there are neural mechanisms underlying the relationship between the two. | We note that the causal relations between sleep and depression is an important topic that deserves much further investigation. Although previous studies have found changes in patients with depression in some of the regions of interest identified in this study, including the precuneus and angular gyrus, 43 this is to our knowledge the first study to examine the neural mechanisms underlying the associations of depressive problems with sleep quality and to associate sleep quality with functional connectivity in a large sample of participants. A strength of this investigation is that the effects are likely to be very robust, given the large sample of participants with resting-state fMRI and the cross-validation with the UK Biobank data set with a sample of 8718 participants in one of its first uses of resting-state fMRI data. | [2.0, 5.0, 4.0, 5.0] | Psychology | train | 5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34642343077&p=1pl&v=1&x=KFiPC90kn8JgzhaUX20nIg |
10.1111/cdep.12038 | Psychology_113 | Moreover, for both boys and girls, she said, "We found [spanking] linked to more aggression, more delinquent behavior, more mental health problems, worse relationships with parents, and putting the children at higher risk for physical abuse from their parents." | Rather, spanking predicted increases in children's aggression over and above initial levels. | Although spanking is traditionally supposed to teach a lesson to correct bad behavior, children who were spanked were neither more compliant nor better behaved. Moreover, for both boys and girls, she said, "We found [spanking] linked to more aggression, more delinquent behavior, more mental health problems, worse relationships with parents, and putting the children at higher risk for physical abuse from their parents." We see consistently that the more children are spanked, the more behavioral problems they have in the years ahead." | In these studies, although children's aggressive behavior often elicited more spanking over time, this effect did not entirely explain the association between spanking and children's aggression. Rather, spanking predicted increases in children's aggression over and above initial levels. Spanking consistently predicted increases in children's aggression over time, regardless of how aggressive children were when the spanking occurred. | [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37496711489&p=1pl&v=1&x=NWsoYnhIAFQ7txCZZJ6ciQ |
10.1007/s13524-014-0321-x | Psychology_114 | The pattern for second births is similar, although the increase in happiness before and around the birth is roughly half of that for first births. | For first births, parents' happiness trajectories increase sharply before and around the birth and then settle close to pre-birth levels, which is the same result shown earlier in . | The pattern for second births is similar, although the increase in happiness before and around the birth is roughly half of that for first births. The increase in parental happiness surrounding the birth of a third child is negligible. Mikko Myrskyla, professor of demography at LSE and Director of the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research in Rostock, Germany, said: "Our results show a temporary and transitory gain in parents' happiness around the birth of first and second children. | We control for the influence of previous births; without these, the baseline level estimated as four to five years before the birth (separately for each parity) would be influenced by the previous births. For first births, parents' happiness trajectories increase sharply before and around the birth and then settle close to pre-birth levels, which is the same result shown earlier in . Standard errors are estimated using robust methods that account for the clustering of data within individuals. | [1.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 2.6 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/10/141028082454.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1177/0141076814565942 | Psychology_115 | The researchers say that the pain associated with circumcision in very young babies is likely to be more severe during the operation and post-operatively. | , , 4 Thus, while most boys presumably experience mild to moderate levels of pain and discomfort during and after the operation, some boys will endure strongly painful circumcisions. | Risk was particularly high for infantile autism before the age of five, at least in epidemiology. The researchers say that the pain associated with circumcision in very young babies is likely to be more severe during the operation and post-operatively. "Given the widespread practice of non-therapeutic circumcision in infancy and childhood around the world, our findings should prompt other researchers to examine the possibility that circumcision trauma in infancy or early childhood might carry an increased risk of serious neurodevelopmental and psychological consequences." | Older children whose foreskins have already spontaneously separated from the glans will only experience the pain associated with the foreskin incision. , , 4 Thus, while most boys presumably experience mild to moderate levels of pain and discomfort during and after the operation, some boys will endure strongly painful circumcisions. Neonatally circumcised boys in Canada exhibited significantly more signs of discomfort during routine vaccinations -6 months later than boys who were left intact, showing that early life trauma may alter a child's future handling of pain. | [4.0, 4.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Psychology | train | 3 | news | http://www.science20.com/news_articles/circumcision_linked_to_autism_study-152121 |
10.1111/cdev.12250 | Psychology_116 | The pseudomature behaviors evolved into larger problems and the status of once cool individuals dropped: "The adolescent who comes to depend upon pseudomature behavior to gain peer status may gradually need to shift, for example, from minor forms of delinquency, such as vandalism and shoplifting, to more serious acts of criminal behavior to impress even a subset of older peers," the authors wrote. | Early adolescent pseudomature behavior will predict lower levels of competence with peers in early adulthood, even after accounting for baseline levels of peer competence. | In fact, just the opposite happened. The pseudomature behaviors evolved into larger problems and the status of once cool individuals dropped: "The adolescent who comes to depend upon pseudomature behavior to gain peer status may gradually need to shift, for example, from minor forms of delinquency, such as vandalism and shoplifting, to more serious acts of criminal behavior to impress even a subset of older peers," the authors wrote. The chart below shows that students who engaged in pseudomature behavior at 13 were perceived as more popular by their peers than those who did not engage in pseudomature behavior, but that correlation faded over time. | 5. Early adolescent pseudomature behavior will predict lower levels of competence with peers in early adulthood, even after accounting for baseline levels of peer competence. Of all students eligible for participation, 63% agreed to participate either as target participants or as peers providing collateral information. | [3.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 3 | news | http://www.businessinsider.com/being-popular-in-high-school-leads-to-problems-in-adulthood-2014-6 |
10.1007/s13524-014-0321-x | Psychology_117 | Study co-author Rachel Margolis implied that their findings could explain why most people are delaying fertility. | Not only one's own experience of the transition to parenthood, but also perceiving the well-being of others before and after having children, may affect the tempo and quantum of fertility. | Instead, this may reflect that the experience of parenthood is less novel and exciting by the time the third child is born or that a larger family puts extra pressure on the parents' resources. Study co-author Rachel Margolis implied that their findings could explain why most people are delaying fertility. Older parents have better financial and education status than younger parents and are also less stressed after the birth of their children. | Decreasing gains in subjective well-being at higher birth orders may inhibit people from moving to parity three. Not only one's own experience of the transition to parenthood, but also perceiving the well-being of others before and after having children, may affect the tempo and quantum of fertility. In addition to the type of social learning about the optimal timing and number of children to have , fertility decisions may be affected by observing the subjective experiences of others. | [4.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Psychology | train | 2.2 | news | http://www.hngn.com/articles/47780/20141031/births-of-first-and-second-child-bring-parents-more-happiness-than-the-third-but-why.htm |
10.1093/jcr/ucw012 | Psychology_118 | One key qualification: The information the behaviorally targeted ad conveys about the consumer must be accurate. | We therefore predict that when the label implied by a behaviorally targeted advertisement is plausibly connected to the consumer's prior behavior (i.e., the targeting is at least moderately accurate), consumers perceive that the marketer has labeled them correctly and respond accordingly, altering their self-perceptions and hence behavior to be consistent with the identity implied by the ad. | For example, in one experiment, participants who received a behaviorally targeted ad for an environmentally friendly product were more likely than others to donate to an environmental cause later because they saw themselves as being more "green" as a result of receiving the ad. One key qualification: The information the behaviorally targeted ad conveys about the consumer must be accurate. "The ad has to be plausible to the consumer for it have any effect," Reczek said. | However, if there is a plausible connection between the label and past behavior, the label is accepted and consumers adjust self-perceptions and behavior in line with that label. We therefore predict that when the label implied by a behaviorally targeted advertisement is plausibly connected to the consumer's prior behavior (i.e., the targeting is at least moderately accurate), consumers perceive that the marketer has labeled them correctly and respond accordingly, altering their self-perceptions and hence behavior to be consistent with the identity implied by the ad. In contrast, when the label is unconnected with their prior behavior (i.e., targeting is inaccurate), consumers will not accept the implied label and will not adjust their self-perceptions and behavior. | [5.0, 1.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/KIPqQyrnyiA/ |
10.1093/jcr/ucw012 | Psychology_119 | "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them." | Thus, as expected, consumers in the behaviorally targeted ad condition recognized that the ad implied a social label to a greater extent than those in the other conditions. | "Even when you think you're focused on a task and performing it, having a distractor that captures your attention very briefly can fundamentally change what you thought you were perceiving," she says. "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them." "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them," she explains. | Participants in the demographically targeted condition recognized an implied label marginally more than those in the nontargeted condition (F(1, 185) ¼ 3.06, p ¼ .08, g 2 ¼ .02). Thus, as expected, consumers in the behaviorally targeted ad condition recognized that the ad implied a social label to a greater extent than those in the other conditions. An ANOVA on purchase intentions for the restaurant Groupon revealed a significant difference between the conditions (F(2, 185) ¼ 3.81, p < .05, g 2 ¼ .04). | [4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 3.75 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=40338498080&p=1pl&v=1&x=V53CkzJkG1_9kTNpbGkVtQ |
10.1007/s13524-014-0321-x | Psychology_12 | Older parents, between the ages of 35 -- 49, have the strongest happiness gains around the time of birth and stay at a higher level of happiness after becoming parents. | Mature parents (ages 35-49) have increasing happiness before and during the birth year; then, after a small drop, happiness remains at or above baseline. | Those who have children at an older age or who are more educated have a particularly positive response to a first birth. Older parents, between the ages of 35 -- 49, have the strongest happiness gains around the time of birth and stay at a higher level of happiness after becoming parents. Those who become parents in their teens have a predominantly declining pattern of happiness that does not increase above the baseline even during the year of birth. | Those who become parents at ages 23-34 have increasing happiness before a first birth and in the year of birth; however, one to two years after the birth, happiness decreases to baseline or below. Mature parents (ages 35-49) have increasing happiness before and during the birth year; then, after a small drop, happiness remains at or above baseline. A test for whether the coefficients for 3-4, 5-9, and 10-18 years after birth are all 0 suggests increased long-run happiness (p < .05) in Germany and a borderline significant result (p < .10) in Britain. | [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 3.75 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/10/141028082454.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1073/pnas.1505114112 | Psychology_120 | Electrode recordings at the start of the study and three years later revealed that the music group showed more rapid maturation in the brain's response to sound. | Synaptic density follows a similar developmental trajectory, increasing in early childhood and subsequently declining during adolescence (2-5). | "Although learning to play music does not teach skills that seem directly relevant to most careers, the results suggest that music may engender what educators refer to as 'learning to learn.'" Electrode recordings at the start of the study and three years later revealed that the music group showed more rapid maturation in the brain's response to sound. They also demonstrated prolonged heightened brain sensitivity to sound details. | Response consistency peaks in childhood (∼8-11 y of age), declining steadily until young adulthood ; we show that this adolescent decline is mitigated by in-school music lessons. Synaptic density follows a similar developmental trajectory, increasing in early childhood and subsequently declining during adolescence (2-5). Consistent with previous cross-sectional studies showing enhanced response consistency in musicians and in participants using assistive listening devices (75), the music training group maintained a higher level of response consistency between years 1 and 4. | [3.0, 4.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0] | Psychology | train | 3 | news | http://www.futurity.org/band-teenagers-brains-965992/ |
10.1136/bmjsem-2017-000261 | Psychology_121 | A spike in cortisol in athletesa saliva before competition, they wrote, would support the idea that apsychosocial stressorsa can have as strong a biological effect as actual danger. | These findings further support the presence of anticipatory stress response in athletes before sport competition. | This is not, after all, the first time people have reported that watching the English national team play was enough to precipitate a full-fledged biological stress response. A spike in cortisol in athletesa saliva before competition, they wrote, would support the idea that apsychosocial stressorsa can have as strong a biological effect as actual danger. They found that there was a asignificant anticipatory cortisol response before competition,a although the spikes werenat as strong as those seen before other intense events, like skydiving. | The combined results identified the presence of a significant anticipatory cortisol response before competition (g=0.85) where the anticipatory cortisol response is significantly greater when assessed closer to the start of competition. These findings further support the presence of anticipatory stress response in athletes before sport competition. However, we identified large heterogeneity between effect sizes from individual studies where our analysis of moderating variables (eg, gender, type of sport) could not fully explain this large heterogeneity. | [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 2.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 3.6 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34474732617&p=1pl&v=1&x=pcdQFFmMveKF7UrJyJtzvg |
10.1038/s41598-017-18902-w | Psychology_122 | Next, the researchers aim to conduct movement assessments on more people, including more research on the parents of children with autism to better understand the connection between lower parental scores on the movement assessment and their children's risk for autism. | Our results have thus unraveled a significant correlation between movement and other aspects of Autism development. | Also, lower-than-average scores in several of the volunteers' parents, who did not have an autism diagnosis themselves, suggested that movement could possibly be used to assess a neurotypical parent's risk for children with autism, Jose says. The new motion data strengthens evidence for movement as a biomarker for autism. Next, the researchers aim to conduct movement assessments on more people, including more research on the parents of children with autism to better understand the connection between lower parental scores on the movement assessment and their children's risk for autism. | This result provides added evidence about the independent reliability of using the R-parameter classification. Our results have thus unraveled a significant correlation between movement and other aspects of Autism development. the noise level present in the motor output, may provide an underlying mechanism contributing to the variable motion disturbances present in the spectrum, as well as in other autistic symptons. | [3.0, 4.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 3 | news | http://www.futurity.org/autism-movement-test-1656982-2/ |
10.1111/cdev.12250 | Psychology_123 | The researchers conclude with this scary notion:
"The findings support the proposition that early adolescent attempts to gain status via pseudomature behavior are not simply passing annoyances of this developmental stage, but rather may signal movement down a problematic pathway and away from progress toward real psychosocial competence." | This finding indicates just how potentially important this social pathway toward future difficulties may be in identifying individuals at risk for long-term problems with alcohol and substance use. | By the time these "cool" kids turned 23, many of them were having problems with criminal behavior and alcohol and marijuana use -- significantly more than the other subjects in the study, who were not ranked in the "cool" category at the study's onset. The researchers conclude with this scary notion:
"The findings support the proposition that early adolescent attempts to gain status via pseudomature behavior are not simply passing annoyances of this developmental stage, but rather may signal movement down a problematic pathway and away from progress toward real psychosocial competence." In other words, if you're acting extreme to look cool, chances are good that you might be the only one who thinks so. | In fact, after accounting for pseudomature behavior, early adolescent levels of substance use became insignificant as predictors of future use, suggesting that to the extent that pseudomature behavior and substance use were correlated in early adolescence, it was pseudomature behavior that took on the primary role in statistically predicting future substance use -a striking degree of heterotypic continuity for a behavior that typically displays considerable homotypic continuity over time . This finding indicates just how potentially important this social pathway toward future difficulties may be in identifying individuals at risk for long-term problems with alcohol and substance use. These findings also suggest that the constellation of pseudomature behaviors examined was capturing something other than a simple propensity toward deviant behavior. | [5.0, 4.0, 3.0, 1.0, 5.0] | Psychology | train | 4 | news | http://www.businessinsider.com/kids-who-were-cool-at-13-are-not-at-age-23-2015-7 |
10.1177/0141076814565942 | Psychology_125 | The study discovered that, regardless of their cultural background, circumcised boys could be at greater risk of developing the condition. | Among boys in Muslim families, ASD risk was also significantly elevated in those who were circumcised (HR ¼ 1.54; 95% CI: 1.03-2.31), based on 28 ASD cases in circumcised boys versus 160 cases in intact boys. | The study discovered that, regardless of their cultural background, circumcised boys could be at greater risk of developing the condition. While these days, it is considered unacceptable medical practice to perform a circumcision without proper pain relief, none of the most common interventions used to reduce such pain is capable of completely eliminating it, the study authors said. "Given the widespread practice of non-therapeutic circumcision in infancy and childhood around the world, our findings should prompt other researchers to examine the possibility that circumcision trauma in infancy or early childhood might carry an increased risk of serious neurodevelopmental and psychological consequences," he added. | Risk in this age group was markedly elevated among boys in non-Muslim families (HR ¼ 4.23; 95% CI: 1.90-9.44), a finding based on six ASD cases in circumcised boys versus 1165 cases in intact boys. Among boys in Muslim families, ASD risk was also significantly elevated in those who were circumcised (HR ¼ 1.54; 95% CI: 1.03-2.31), based on 28 ASD cases in circumcised boys versus 160 cases in intact boys. Overall, the risk of hyperkinetic disorder was not elevated among ritually circumcised boys in the first 0-4 years of life (HR ¼ 0.99; 95% CI: 0.43-2.29) or in the 5-to 9-year age group (HR ¼ 1.27; 95% CI: 0.95-1.71) ( Table 2) . | [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Psychology | train | 3.5 | news | http://www.redorbit.com/news/health/1113311836/does-circumcision-increase-the-risk-of-autism-011115/ |
10.1111/cdev.12250 | Psychology_126 | The teens' "pseudomature behavior," as the researchers call it, "predicted long-term difficulties in close relationships, as well as significant problems with alcohol and substance use, and elevated levels of criminal behavior," the study said. | Alternatively, these teens may actually be later selecting partners as adults who are similar to themselves in terms of status-seeking behavior, and may thus find that their partners actually are ending relationships with them due to status concerns. | For these teens, being popular was their highest goal, Allen said. According the study, by the time they reached the age of 22, the once-popular teens were perceived as less competent, and were more likely to have problems with drugs and alcohol. The teens' "pseudomature behavior," as the researchers call it, "predicted long-term difficulties in close relationships, as well as significant problems with alcohol and substance use, and elevated levels of criminal behavior," the study said. | These teens may then be likely to perceive social status as a primary reason for the formation or dissolution of important relationships (e.g., romantic relationships) going forward, whether or not this is actually the case. Alternatively, these teens may actually be later selecting partners as adults who are similar to themselves in terms of status-seeking behavior, and may thus find that their partners actually are ending relationships with them due to status concerns. In either case, these findings make clear that the status-seeking aspect of early adolescent pseudomature behavior displays long-term continuity that extends into a new and important relationship domain even across a span of nearly a decade. | [1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Psychology | train | 1.333333 | news | http://www.cbsnews.com/news/cool-kids-dont-stay-popular-forever/ |
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1941 | Psychology_127 | The crossover here goes some way to proving that sleep and depression are affected by similar parts of our brains a and suggests it is this link that causes us to feel down and more susceptible to mental health problems when we suffer from a lack of sleep. | Indeed, we note that poor sleep quality also may have an effect on depression, as shown by the mediation analysis. | Results showed that 162 functional connectivity links in the brain were connected with our ability (or lack of) to get some shut-eye; of these, 39 were also linked to depressive problems a such as low self-esteem, low mood, and a lack of motivation. The crossover here goes some way to proving that sleep and depression are affected by similar parts of our brains a and suggests it is this link that causes us to feel down and more susceptible to mental health problems when we suffer from a lack of sleep. Jianfeng Feng and Edmund Rolls, who headed up the study, stressed the significance of their conclusions to Sleep Review, with Rolls stating that the results are likely to have "implications for a deeper understanding of depression," as the evidence highlights "a key brain area that might be targeted in the search for treatments." | We note that there is a strong association between depression and poor sleep, in that the correlation found in this study between the Depressive Problems score and PSQI score was high (r = 0.371, P <1.0×10 −10 , Figure 1B) ; however, this does not address the directionality of the association, which could be in both directions. Indeed, we note that poor sleep quality also may have an effect on depression, as shown by the mediation analysis. We note that the causal relations between sleep and depression is an important topic that deserves much further investigation. | [5.0, 3.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34713841918&p=1pl&v=1&x=L0FHu5xHlNT03mTOI2nB8Q |
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.4081 | Psychology_128 | Overall, the researchers found, children born to parents younger than 25 and older than 29 were more likely to be diagnosed and treated for some mental illness or developmental challenge--even when they controlled for a family history of such diagnoses. | [17] Regardless of the precise nature of the mechanisms linking parental age and the risk for mental disorders in the offspring, an informed public health debate on these matters requires a solid empirical foundation. | The age at which you become parents could affect your kids' mental health. Overall, the researchers found, children born to parents younger than 25 and older than 29 were more likely to be diagnosed and treated for some mental illness or developmental challenge--even when they controlled for a family history of such diagnoses. Outside the bounds of that narrow age range, risks for various disorders gradually picked up. | 14 Risk factors that are associated with teenaged parenthood and suboptimal outcomes in the offspring are often highly intercorrelated and socially patterned. [17] Regardless of the precise nature of the mechanisms linking parental age and the risk for mental disorders in the offspring, an informed public health debate on these matters requires a solid empirical foundation. The findings were therefore based entirely on incident cases diagnosed according to the more operational ICD-10-DCR classification system (during a period when inpatient and outpatient information was used), except that the ICD-8 classification and the first year of the operation of the ICD-10-DCR classification was used to exclude persons with a diagnosis before 1995. | [3.0, 4.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Psychology | train | 2.2 | news | http://qz.com/170543/men-shouldnt-wait-too-long-to-have-kids-either/ |
10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.09.005 | Psychology_129 | This was not the first time researchers claim Barbie dolls affect young girls' body image. | However, the results of the study did not support these conjectures as the different types of Barbie exposure produced no significant differences in thin-ideal internalisation, body esteem, or body dissatisfaction scores. | "If girls already have Barbies then parents should encourage them to do more than just make them look pretty," Tiggerman said, according to Daily Mail. This was not the first time researchers claim Barbie dolls affect young girls' body image. This research has drawn up similar conclusions the doll is giving children an unrealistic image that being slim is better. | Such research could also provide insight into the reason results differed from those of . However, the results of the study did not support these conjectures as the different types of Barbie exposure produced no significant differences in thin-ideal internalisation, body esteem, or body dissatisfaction scores. It is possible that girls in this age group may already be so familiar with Barbie's figure from previous experience that any exposure to Barbie triggers associations with previous exposure (in print, observation, or active play) and elicits Barbie's thin-ideal messages. | [4.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Psychology | train | 1 | news | http://www.parentherald.com/articles/97873/20170130/barbie-dolls-harm-little-girls-body-image-experts-advise-parents.htm |
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1941 | Psychology_13 | The analysis showed that these functional connectivities underlie the relation between depressive problems and sleep quality. | Further, the mediating effects of the 39 functional connectivities of the effects of the sleep quality on the depressive problems had much lower significance (3.4% of the total effect size, =0.016, p=0.0095, Fig. | In the brains of those living with depressive problems, they discovered a strong connection between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (associated with short-term memory), the precuneus (associated with the self), and the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (associated with negative emotion). The analysis showed that these functional connectivities underlie the relation between depressive problems and sleep quality. The researchers conclude that increased functional connectivity among these brain regions provides a neural basis for how depression is related to poor sleep quality. | In the reverse direction, only 2 links significantly mediated effects of sleep quality on depressive problems with FDR correction. Further, the mediating effects of the 39 functional connectivities of the effects of the sleep quality on the depressive problems had much lower significance (3.4% of the total effect size, =0.016, p=0.0095, Fig. S4 ) than for the effect in the opposite direction described above. | [2.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 3 | news | https://www.futurity.org/depression-sleep-problems-insomnia-1821432-2/ |
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.4081 | Psychology_130 | While older women posed increased risk only for mental retardation (which may, the authors say, reflect the well-known association between maternal age and Down syndrome), children with fathers over the age of 45 had a 34% increased risk for psychiatric illnesses overall, and showed a clear trend of steadily increasing risk over the age of 29. | In contrast, paternal age showed a U-shaped relationship, with the offspring of teenaged fathers having a 28% increased risk for a psychiatric disorder (IRR, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.24-1.32]), whereas the offspring of the fathers 45 years or older had a 34% increased risk (1.34 [1.30-1.39]). | Results for older parents were varied as well. While older women posed increased risk only for mental retardation (which may, the authors say, reflect the well-known association between maternal age and Down syndrome), children with fathers over the age of 45 had a 34% increased risk for psychiatric illnesses overall, and showed a clear trend of steadily increasing risk over the age of 29. The study adds to a growing body of research focused on the specific effects of parental age. | No significantly increased risk for the offspring of older mothers was found. In contrast, paternal age showed a U-shaped relationship, with the offspring of teenaged fathers having a 28% increased risk for a psychiatric disorder (IRR, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.24-1.32]), whereas the offspring of the fathers 45 years or older had a 34% increased risk (1.34 [1.30-1.39]). Figure 1 shows the relationship between maternal and paternal ages and the risk for any mental disorder when not adjusted and when adjusted for age of the other parent. | [5.0, 5.0, 5.0] | Psychology | train | 5 | news | http://qz.com/170543/men-shouldnt-wait-too-long-to-have-kids-either/ |
10.1007/s13524-014-0321-x | Psychology_131 | "Those who become parents at young ages have a downward happiness trajectory, but those who become parents at older ages and men with more resources have more positive short- and long-term responses to a birth," the scientists claim. | For first births, parents' happiness trajectories increase sharply before and around the birth and then settle close to pre-birth levels, which is the same result shown earlier in . | In addition, the data reveals that a reaction to a birth is highly influenced by such sociodemographic characteristics as age or socioeconomic status. "Those who become parents at young ages have a downward happiness trajectory, but those who become parents at older ages and men with more resources have more positive short- and long-term responses to a birth," the scientists claim. This fact can also in part explain why mean age of parents has increased. | We control for the influence of previous births; without these, the baseline level estimated as four to five years before the birth (separately for each parity) would be influenced by the previous births. For first births, parents' happiness trajectories increase sharply before and around the birth and then settle close to pre-birth levels, which is the same result shown earlier in . Standard errors are estimated using robust methods that account for the clustering of data within individuals. | [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 1.0] | Psychology | train | 1.75 | news | http://www.technology.org/2014/08/27/third-child-make-parents-happier/ |
10.1016/j.nicl.2015.02.009 | Psychology_133 | "What we've shown is that very low doses of the atypical antiepileptic levetiracetam reduces this over-activity," Gallagher said. | While overactivity was attenuated by levetiracetam in aMCI cohorts treated with low doses (62.5 and 125 mg BID), decreased EC activation was concurrently normalized, with a significant boost in EC activation at the 62.5 mg BID dose compared to placebo. | They also closely match the results in animal studies performed by the team and scientists elsewhere. "What we've shown is that very low doses of the atypical antiepileptic levetiracetam reduces this over-activity," Gallagher said. "At the same time, it improves memory performance on a task that depends on the hippocampus." | In addition to excess fMRI activation, a region of decreased activation in the entorhinal cortex (EC) was observed during task performance, similar to . While overactivity was attenuated by levetiracetam in aMCI cohorts treated with low doses (62.5 and 125 mg BID), decreased EC activation was concurrently normalized, with a significant boost in EC activation at the 62.5 mg BID dose compared to placebo. The observed areas of fMRI activation, consistently localized to the left DG/CA3 subregion in aMCI patients relative to age-matched controls, differed somewhat across cohorts in an anterior to posterior location. | [5.0, 4.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Psychology | train | 3.5 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/03/150311124200.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+News%29 |
10.1186/s13229-018-0246-0 | Psychology_134 | This collaboration with colleagues in China is so valuable to help us understand what is universal and what is culture-specific in autism research." | The participation rate of the communities in this study is much higher than most of the prevalence studies of autism internationally. | This collaboration with colleagues in China is so valuable to help us understand what is universal and what is culture-specific in autism research." In Jilin City, from a total population of 7,258, the team identified 77 cases of autism, equating to a prevalence of 108 per 10,000, very similar to that found in the West. In Shenzhen and Jiamusi cities, only data for children in mainstream education was available; in Shenzhen City, 42 out of every 10,000 children in mainstream education had autism, and in Jiamusi City this figure was 19 per 10,000. | It is important for national policy to report data from these first three cities, and our on-going data collection in the seven other cities will serve to further inform national policy and future research directions. The participation rate of the communities in this study is much higher than most of the prevalence studies of autism internationally. Although there will be non-participation effects, these will be much less marked than those experienced by other such studies. | [2.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Psychology | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38803735334&p=1pl&v=1&x=Olj8Q_8mSR67vcOaC9l--A |
10.1093/chemse/bjt066 | Psychology_135 | "Although descriptions appear to influence reaction time, this may be modulated by label fit and the edibility attributed to an odour or label," concludes Manescu. | Furthermore, we found an impact of labels on intensity ratings for one of the administered odors that goes against our hypothesis. | "We were surprised by this result because we expected reaction times to increase when all four odours were associated with positive labels," says Manescu. In this study, however, cumin - which was rated positively when presented with the label "Indian food" - did not result in a slower reaction time, unlike parmesan cheese, which yield slower reaction times and was rated positively when presented with the "parmesan cheese" label. "Although descriptions appear to influence reaction time, this may be modulated by label fit and the edibility attributed to an odour or label," concludes Manescu. | These findings further strengthen the concept that odor perception is influenced by cognitive interpretation. Furthermore, we found an impact of labels on intensity ratings for one of the administered odors that goes against our hypothesis. We found that participants rated geraniol as more intense when it was labeled positively ("fresh flowers") than when labeled negatively ("cheap perfume"). | [4.0, 2.0, 4.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 3 | news | http://www.newswise.com/articles/smelling-with-our-eyes-descriptions-affect-odour-perception |
10.1093/jcr/ucw012 | Psychology_136 | "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them," she explains. | This ad was not matched to the browsing behavior or demographic responses in either of the targeted conditions; this allowed us to test the effects of participants' perceptions of being targeted while holding the advertisement constant across conditions. | "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them." "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them," she explains. While the effectiveness of behaviorally targeted ads is great news for marketers, these findings bring up some troubling hypotheticals. | Finally, study 4 shows that implied social labels only affect self-perceptions and behavior when there is a plausible connection between the label and past behavior (i.e., when targeting is at least moderately accurate). This ad was not matched to the browsing behavior or demographic responses in either of the targeted conditions; this allowed us to test the effects of participants' perceptions of being targeted while holding the advertisement constant across conditions. After indicating how much they liked the advertisement (1 ¼ Not at all, | [3.0, 3.0, 2.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 3 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=40338498080&p=1pl&v=1&x=V53CkzJkG1_9kTNpbGkVtQ |
10.1177/0141076814565942 | Psychology_137 | The researchers also made the observation of an increased risk of hyperactivity disorder among circumcised boys in non-Muslim families. | Overall, the risk of hyperkinetic disorder was not elevated among ritually circumcised boys in the first 0-4 years of life (HR ¼ 0.99; 95% CI: 0.43-2.29) or in the 5-to 9-year age group (HR ¼ 1.27; 95% CI: 0.95-1.71) ( Table 2) . | They found that regardless of cultural background circumcised boys may run a greater risk of developing ASD. The researchers also made the observation of an increased risk of hyperactivity disorder among circumcised boys in non-Muslim families. Risk was particularly high for infantile autism before the age of five, at least in epidemiology. | Among boys in Muslim families, ASD risk was also significantly elevated in those who were circumcised (HR ¼ 1.54; 95% CI: 1.03-2.31), based on 28 ASD cases in circumcised boys versus 160 cases in intact boys. Overall, the risk of hyperkinetic disorder was not elevated among ritually circumcised boys in the first 0-4 years of life (HR ¼ 0.99; 95% CI: 0.43-2.29) or in the 5-to 9-year age group (HR ¼ 1.27; 95% CI: 0.95-1.71) ( Table 2) . Among boys in Muslim families, risk of hyperkinetic disorder did not depend on the boys' foreskin status (HR ¼ 1.08; 95% CI: 0.77-1.52). | [3.0, 1.0, 3.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Psychology | train | 2.4 | news | http://www.science20.com/news_articles/circumcision_linked_to_autism_study-152121 |
10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.10.028 | Psychology_14 | In total,19 percent of the young volunteers involved in the study reported that they had been physically abusive to a partner during a dating relationship and 68 percent of the volunteers reported to experiencing corporal punishment as children. | Of these participants, 61% were female, with a mean age of 20.03 (SD = 0.76). | Of the 758 young adults recruited for the study, 61 percent were female. In total,19 percent of the young volunteers involved in the study reported that they had been physically abusive to a partner during a dating relationship and 68 percent of the volunteers reported to experiencing corporal punishment as children. There was a positive relationship between corporal punishment and physical violence during a romantic relationship. | One factor that merits additional attention is the association between a youth's history of experiencing corporal punishment and perpetration of dating violence. Of these participants, 61% were female, with a mean age of 20.03 (SD = 0.76). Participants were Hispanic (32.6%), white (28.8%), African American (26.0%), and other (12.7%). | [3.0, 4.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Psychology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=32698329640&p=1pl&v=1&x=pR-rCOq5zncqbaREgJOeFg |
10.1038/s41598-017-03627-7 | Psychology_140 | "It could be that touch is a tool for communicating empathy, resulting in an analgesic, or pain-killing, effect," said Goldstein. | Thus, in the current study the partners may have communicated their emotions via touch, as evidenced by an increase in physiological coupling. | The more physiologically synchronized they were, the less pain she felt. "It could be that touch is a tool for communicating empathy, resulting in an analgesic, or pain-killing, effect," said Goldstein. Further research is necessary to figure out precisely how a partner's touch eases pain. | Our findings confirm that interpersonal touch as compared to no-touch is associated with increased respiration coupling, during both pain and no-pain conditions. Thus, in the current study the partners may have communicated their emotions via touch, as evidenced by an increase in physiological coupling. The finding of an increased pattern of heart rate coupling during the pain and touch condition indicates that touch may allow communication between the participants but only during pain. | [5.0, 5.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Psychology | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39586310183&p=1pl&v=1&x=MLIK2XeMJ34Ijqm2aaBClw |
10.1080/08870446.2013.818674 | Psychology_142 | Self-efficacy and support
The result: support from their partners is helpful to smokers who wish to stop and it increases their chances of success, provided that they have developed skills of their own that help them to abstain. | Again, the interaction of volitional self-efficacy and smoking-specific received social support was significant (p< .05, see Figure 2 ). | Support from one's partner can help -- but only if the smokers have developed skills of their own that help them to stop. Self-efficacy and support
The result: support from their partners is helpful to smokers who wish to stop and it increases their chances of success, provided that they have developed skills of their own that help them to abstain. Such support could involve their partner reminding them of their plan to quit as well as encouraging and supporting them in critical situations. | Similar results emerged in the second moderator analysis that predicted biochemically verified point prevalence at T2 (see Table 3 , first column). Again, the interaction of volitional self-efficacy and smoking-specific received social support was significant (p< .05, see Figure 2 ). The analysis of the region of significance by the Johnson Neyman technique showed that the simple slopes were significant only at levels of social support higher than 1.86 (p < .05). | [4.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Psychology | train | 3.8 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/07/130724102602.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1941 | Psychology_143 | This research could lead to better sleep quality for people with depression, and opens up the possibility of new targeted treatments. | These findings provides a neural basis for understanding how depression is associated with poor sleep quality, and this in turn has implications for treatment because of the brain areas identified. | The researchers found functional connectivity between the areas of the brain associated with short-term memory, self, and negative emotions, which cause sufferers to dwell on bad thoughts and lead to a poor quality of sleep. This research could lead to better sleep quality for people with depression, and opens up the possibility of new targeted treatments. In the brains of those living with depressive problems, they discovered a strong connection between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (associated with short-term memory), the precuneus (associated with the self), and the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (associated with negative emotion). | Much smaller associations were found in the reverse direction; that is, the associations of sleep quality with depressive problems mediated by these links were less significant. These findings provides a neural basis for understanding how depression is associated with poor sleep quality, and this in turn has implications for treatment because of the brain areas identified. Areas in which functional connectivity was associated with depressive problems and their effects on sleep quality included the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, precuneus, and angular gyrus. | [3.0, 2.0, 4.0, 5.0, 5.0] | Psychology | train | 3.8 | news | https://www.futurity.org/depression-sleep-problems-insomnia-1821432-2/ |
10.1111/cdev.12370 | Psychology_145 | They were also less likely to continue to blame the other person involved in the event, though not less likely to forgive him or her. | Moreover, the inverse relation between self-distancing and emotional reactivity strengthened with age. | These teens were more likely to reconsider the events in meaningful and insightful ways and less likely to simply replay the upsetting events in their minds. They were also less likely to continue to blame the other person involved in the event, though not less likely to forgive him or her. In turn, these new insights were associated with less emotional distress. | As expected, spontaneous self-distancing during reflection predicted lower levels of emotional reactivity by leading adolescents to reconstrue (rather than recount) their experience and blame their partner less. Moreover, the inverse relation between self-distancing and emotional reactivity strengthened with age. These findings highlight the role that self-distancing plays in fostering adaptive self-reflection in adolescence, and begin to elucidate the role that development plays in enhancing the benefits of engaging in this process. | [2.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Psychology | train | 1.6 | news | http://www.futurity.org/teens-emotions-distance-903192/ |
10.1093/jcr/ucw012 | Psychology_147 | "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them," she explains. | The results from study 1 provide support for the hypothesis that behaviorally targeted advertisements can act as implied social labels, resulting in adjustments to behavior consistent with the label. | "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them." "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them," she explains. While the effectiveness of behaviorally targeted ads is great news for marketers, these findings bring up some troubling hypotheticals. | , .0046-.1719), indicating that behavioral targeting increases purchase intentions for the advertised product through the recognition of the implied social label. The results from study 1 provide support for the hypothesis that behaviorally targeted advertisements can act as implied social labels, resulting in adjustments to behavior consistent with the label. Consumers in the behaviorally targeted and the demographically targeted condition felt equally that the ad was matched to personal information from earlier in the experimental session (to a significantly greater extent than participants in the control, nontargeted condition). | [5.0, 5.0, 5.0] | Psychology | train | 5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=40338498080&p=1pl&v=1&x=V53CkzJkG1_9kTNpbGkVtQ |
10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.2856 | Psychology_148 | Patients with age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy or glaucoma had a 40 to 50 percent greater risk of Alzheimer's disease than those without the eye conditions, the researchers said. | In contrast, a smaller population-based cohort of 812 in three French cities showed substantially increased dementia risk (odds ratio 3.9, [1.5, 10.4]) in participants with glaucoma during 3 years, but only analyzed 2436 person-years, roughly 1/6 of our follow-up . | "The main message from this study is that ophthalmologists should be more aware of the risks of developing dementia for people with these eye conditions and primary care doctors seeing patients with these eye conditions might be more careful on checking on possible dementia or memory loss," Lee explained in a university news release. Patients with age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy or glaucoma had a 40 to 50 percent greater risk of Alzheimer's disease than those without the eye conditions, the researchers said. "What we found was not subtle," said Paul Crane, a professor of medicine at the university. | Similarly, a retrospective study using 5% of Medicare claims data revealed no increased AD risk in people with glaucoma (n 5 63,235) compared with propensity score-matched people without glaucoma during 14 years of follow-up (HR 0.91, [0.88, 0.93]) . In contrast, a smaller population-based cohort of 812 in three French cities showed substantially increased dementia risk (odds ratio 3.9, [1.5, 10.4]) in participants with glaucoma during 3 years, but only analyzed 2436 person-years, roughly 1/6 of our follow-up . The Rotterdam Study followed 1438 dementia-free participants aged 75 years for an average of 25 months and found increased AD risk in those with advanced AMD (HR 2.1, [1.1, 4.3] ), but this became insignificant with smoking and atherosclerosis included in the model . | [2.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 3.5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34792864437&p=1pl&v=1&x=POVsoSxsrI9yWH7psyoAxQ |
10.1111/cdep.12038 | Psychology_149 | We see consistently that the more children are spanked, the more behavioral problems they have in the years ahead." | Reducing parents' use of spanking may go a long way toward reducing the number of children who suffer physical abuse each year. | Moreover, for both boys and girls, she said, "We found [spanking] linked to more aggression, more delinquent behavior, more mental health problems, worse relationships with parents, and putting the children at higher risk for physical abuse from their parents." We see consistently that the more children are spanked, the more behavioral problems they have in the years ahead." UNICEF senior data specialist Claudia Cappa, believes the study provides additional support for the idea that "violence teaches violence." | The link between spanking and physical abuse is the most disturbing of these unintended effects, but it should not be a surprising one; both parental acts involve hitting, and purposefully hurting, children. Reducing parents' use of spanking may go a long way toward reducing the number of children who suffer physical abuse each year. Human rights-based arguments have little influence in the United States until we ratify the Convention on the Rights of the Child; the United States is one of only three countries not to have done so (the others are Somalia and South Sudan, the latter of which gained independence in 2011). | [3.0, 2.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 3 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37496711489&p=1pl&v=1&x=NWsoYnhIAFQ7txCZZJ6ciQ |
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1941 | Psychology_15 | The researchers conclude that increased functional connectivity among these brain regions provides a neural basis for how depression is related to poor sleep quality. | Although previous studies have found changes in patients with depression in some of the regions of interest identified in this study, including the precuneus and angular gyrus, 43 this is to our knowledge the first study to examine the neural mechanisms underlying the associations of depressive problems with sleep quality and to associate sleep quality with functional connectivity in a large sample of participants. | The analysis showed that these functional connectivities underlie the relation between depressive problems and sleep quality. The researchers conclude that increased functional connectivity among these brain regions provides a neural basis for how depression is related to poor sleep quality. "This study may also have implications for a deeper understanding of depression," adds professor Edmund Rolls. | We note that the causal relations between sleep and depression is an important topic that deserves much further investigation. Although previous studies have found changes in patients with depression in some of the regions of interest identified in this study, including the precuneus and angular gyrus, 43 this is to our knowledge the first study to examine the neural mechanisms underlying the associations of depressive problems with sleep quality and to associate sleep quality with functional connectivity in a large sample of participants. A strength of this investigation is that the effects are likely to be very robust, given the large sample of participants with resting-state fMRI and the cross-validation with the UK Biobank data set with a sample of 8718 participants in one of its first uses of resting-state fMRI data. | [2.0, 5.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 3.2 | news | https://www.futurity.org/depression-sleep-problems-insomnia-1821432-2/ |
10.1093/chemse/bjt066 | Psychology_150 | "Although descriptions appear to influence reaction time, this may be modulated by label fit and the edibility attributed to an odour or label," concludes Manescu. | This effect was robust as it was observed for all odors in the present study, and this was in keeping with previous studies . | "We were surprised by this result because we expected reaction times to increase when all four odours were associated with positive labels," says Manescu. In this study, however, cumin - which was rated positively when presented with the label "Indian food" - did not result in a slower reaction time, unlike parmesan cheese, which yield slower reaction times and was rated positively when presented with the "parmesan cheese" label. "Although descriptions appear to influence reaction time, this may be modulated by label fit and the edibility attributed to an odour or label," concludes Manescu. | Odors carrying positive labels were rated as being more pleasant than odors carrying negative labels. This effect was robust as it was observed for all odors in the present study, and this was in keeping with previous studies . As with edibility ratings, "false alarm" analysis supported the fact that the effect of pleasantness ratings is due to the presentation of both odors and labels and not solely based on labels. | [2.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 2.5 | news | http://www.newswise.com/articles/smelling-with-our-eyes-descriptions-affect-odour-perception |
10.1111/cdev.12250 | Psychology_151 | The pseudomature behaviors evolved into larger problems and the status of once cool individuals dropped: "The adolescent who comes to depend upon pseudomature behavior to gain peer status may gradually need to shift, for example, from minor forms of delinquency, such as vandalism and shoplifting, to more serious acts of criminal behavior to impress even a subset of older peers," the authors wrote. | This status-seeking link is important, in that it suggests that at a formative point in social development, some early adolescents are learning to establish connections with their peers by engaging in pseudomature behaviors so as to impress those peers, rather than by learning to connect successfully with them via more adaptive means. | In fact, just the opposite happened. The pseudomature behaviors evolved into larger problems and the status of once cool individuals dropped: "The adolescent who comes to depend upon pseudomature behavior to gain peer status may gradually need to shift, for example, from minor forms of delinquency, such as vandalism and shoplifting, to more serious acts of criminal behavior to impress even a subset of older peers," the authors wrote. The chart below shows that students who engaged in pseudomature behavior at 13 were perceived as more popular by their peers than those who did not engage in pseudomature behavior, but that correlation faded over time. | Notably, the adolescents who engaged most in pseudomature behavior were also those who most highly valued being popular (i.e., for whom popularity and status among peers were most important). This status-seeking link is important, in that it suggests that at a formative point in social development, some early adolescents are learning to establish connections with their peers by engaging in pseudomature behaviors so as to impress those peers, rather than by learning to connect successfully with them via more adaptive means. Each of the pseudomature behaviors assessed was linked to teens placing a high value, even relative to their peers, upon being popular. | [2.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Psychology | train | 2.6 | news | http://www.businessinsider.com/being-popular-in-high-school-leads-to-problems-in-adulthood-2014-6 |
10.1177/0956797617692041 | Psychology_152 | The results showed that bundling seemed to diminish participants' interest in buying the larger option: People were less likely to buy a large drink when it was bundled than when it was presented as one serving. | On the one hand, bundling could increase purchasing relative to when the same amount is served in one container by creating the illusion of a better value: a two-forone deal. | The regulation was ultimately overturned but it generated heated debate about the appropriateness and effectiveness of addressing public health issues through such means. The results showed that bundling seemed to diminish participants' interest in buying the larger option: People were less likely to buy a large drink when it was bundled than when it was presented as one serving. However, it did not affect the further downstream behavior of consumption. | Dividing the same amount of food into multiple containers reduces consumption (by shifting norms and facilitating monitoring; . On the one hand, bundling could increase purchasing relative to when the same amount is served in one container by creating the illusion of a better value: a two-forone deal. However, the study relied on self-reported hypothetical purchase choices, and the result may simply be an artifact of the way orders were elicited (for details, see the Supplemental Material available online). | [4.0, 1.0] | Psychology | train | 3 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/some-strategies-to-limit-sugary-drinks-may-backfire/ |
10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.10.028 | Psychology_153 | According to Temple, this research is just another study to show the negative impacts of corporal punishment. | The strengths of the present study include a large ethnically diverse sample, and the use of methodologically sound measures of dating violence. | These results remained even when the team accounted for the number of children who experienced child abuse, which is described as any form of punishment that is inappropriate or causes series injury. According to Temple, this research is just another study to show the negative impacts of corporal punishment. For example, although the fear of being hit can temporarily prevent a child from doing a problematic behavior, in the long run it may have psychological consequences. | Finally, even though we controlled important variables (eg, alcohol use, physical child abuse), other factors (eg, interparental violence) could influence findings. The strengths of the present study include a large ethnically diverse sample, and the use of methodologically sound measures of dating violence. Furthermore, variables known to relate to dating violence were controlled for, which highlights the importance of the unique impact of corporal punishment on perpetration of dating violence and addresses longstanding criticisms regarding a potentially confounding link between corporal punishment and poor outcomes. | [3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Psychology | train | 2.4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=32698329640&p=1pl&v=1&x=pR-rCOq5zncqbaREgJOeFg |
10.1093/jcr/ucw012 | Psychology_154 | "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them." | We propose that the effects of behaviorally targeted advertising on self-perceptions and behavior stem from the marketplace metacognition that the marketer has made an individual-level inference about the consumer and not simply from making an identity salient (an alternative account that we rule out empirically), and we directly measure the extent to which consumers believe the marketer has made an inference about them when receiving a behaviorally targeted ad. | "Even when you think you're focused on a task and performing it, having a distractor that captures your attention very briefly can fundamentally change what you thought you were perceiving," she says. "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them." "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them," she explains. | Thus a key distinction between our research and past work on identity in advertising ) is consumers' conscious recognition that the marketer has made an inference about them based on their individual-level behavior. We propose that the effects of behaviorally targeted advertising on self-perceptions and behavior stem from the marketplace metacognition that the marketer has made an individual-level inference about the consumer and not simply from making an identity salient (an alternative account that we rule out empirically), and we directly measure the extent to which consumers believe the marketer has made an inference about them when receiving a behaviorally targeted ad. Thus, whereas prior work on identity has shown that making an identity salient can increase the likelihood that consumers engage in identity-consistent behavior , we propose and demonstrate that the effects of behaviorally targeted ads on behavior occur through a different process, one that depends on the recognition that the marketer has made an individual-level inference about the consumer based on his or her past behavior and the adjustments in self-perception that result. | [2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=40338498080&p=1pl&v=1&x=V53CkzJkG1_9kTNpbGkVtQ |
10.1186/s13229-018-0246-0 | Psychology_155 | In Shenzhen and Jiamusi cities, only data for children in mainstream education was available; in Shenzhen City, 42 out of every 10,000 children in mainstream education had autism, and in Jiamusi City this figure was 19 per 10,000. | In Jilin, where prevalence included those children with autism identified from special education and other settings outside mainstream population, the prevalence estimate was 108 per 10,000. | In Jilin City, from a total population of 7,258, the team identified 77 cases of autism, equating to a prevalence of 108 per 10,000, very similar to that found in the West. In Shenzhen and Jiamusi cities, only data for children in mainstream education was available; in Shenzhen City, 42 out of every 10,000 children in mainstream education had autism, and in Jiamusi City this figure was 19 per 10,000. In all three cities, the researchers identified new cases of autism in mainstream schools, confirming that there is under-diagnosis of autism in China. | In Shenzhen, it was 42.3 per 10,000 and 19.0 per 10,000 in Jiamusi. In Jilin, where prevalence included those children with autism identified from special education and other settings outside mainstream population, the prevalence estimate was 108 per 10,000. The strengths of this first large-scale study of autism in China are several. | [4.0, 2.0, 5.0, 2.0] | Psychology | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38803711012&p=1pl&v=1&x=__aEa1i_DgRqCsuf6-1kqA |
10.1093/jcr/ucw012 | Psychology_156 | "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them," she explains. | The results further indicate that while consumers recognize even inaccurate behaviorally targeted ads as implied social labels, it is accuracy (i.e., the match between this prior behavior and the implied label) that determines whether this label is perceived to be relevant to the self, leading to adjustments in self-perceptions that play a mediating role in subsequent trait-related behavior. | "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them." "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them," she explains. While the effectiveness of behaviorally targeted ads is great news for marketers, these findings bring up some troubling hypotheticals. | Specifically, we found that labels that are unconnected to prior behavior (i.e., inconsistent with consumers' a priori interest in trait-related products) do not prompt adjustments to self-perceptions and affect behavior; low levels of accuracy yield no effect, whereas moderate to high levels of accuracy produce social labeling effects. The results further indicate that while consumers recognize even inaccurate behaviorally targeted ads as implied social labels, it is accuracy (i.e., the match between this prior behavior and the implied label) that determines whether this label is perceived to be relevant to the self, leading to adjustments in self-perceptions that play a mediating role in subsequent trait-related behavior. Importantly, however, we find that adjustments in consumer self-perceptions in response to behaviorally targeted advertisements depend on the plausibility of the connection between the label and past behavior. | [4.0, 4.0, 5.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 4.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=40338498080&p=1pl&v=1&x=V53CkzJkG1_9kTNpbGkVtQ |
10.1038/s41598-018-30980-y | Psychology_157 | The researchers say another highlight of their work is finding that naps do contribute to emotion processing in preschool children, which is consistent with parents' and early childhood teachers' observations, though this benefit in emotional memory is delayed, say Spencer and colleagues. | In contrast, with the lack of processing and remodeling directly following learning, information is forgotten across the 24-hour period in the wake condition. | This supports an interplay between the nap and subsequent overnight sleep in the consolidation of memories in young children." The researchers say another highlight of their work is finding that naps do contribute to emotion processing in preschool children, which is consistent with parents' and early childhood teachers' observations, though this benefit in emotional memory is delayed, say Spencer and colleagues. This delay may reflect "short-term destabilization of an enriched memory," they add. | Greater plasticity over the nap, as indicated by greater SWA, may allow nocturnal SWS to be more effective at consolidating and preserving the memories learned earlier in the day. In contrast, with the lack of processing and remodeling directly following learning, information is forgotten across the 24-hour period in the wake condition. Newly formed memories may be more susceptible to daytime waking interference without plastic changes across the nap. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Psychology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34884544095&p=1pl&v=1&x=ZTfu4WJpcprjoFwmcebiPw |
10.1111/lcrp.12013 | Psychology_158 | The researchers found that closing the eyes helped the participants remember both audial and visual information. | Simple effects analyses showed that, for participants who had closed their eyes at T1, eye-closure at T2 did not significantly affect incorrect recall of visual details (F < 1). | Having a good relationship with the interviewer also helped people answer more questions about the crime correctly, but if the person closed his or her eyes, the recall was effective regardless of the rapport the person felt with the interviewer. The researchers found that closing the eyes helped the participants remember both audial and visual information. The researchers found that closing your eyes during an investigation is likely to make you feel less comfortable unless you have built up a good rapport with the questioner. | A three-way ANOVA on the number of incorrect visual details showed no significant effect of condition at T1 (F < 1), but a significant main effect of condition at T2, F(1, 44) = 4.15, p = .048, g 2 = .08, and a significant interaction between condition at T1 and condition at T2, F(1, 44) = 5.18, p = .03, g 2 = .10. Simple effects analyses showed that, for participants who had closed their eyes at T1, eye-closure at T2 did not significantly affect incorrect recall of visual details (F < 1). For participants who had not closed their eyes at T1, however, eye-closure during T2 significantly increased incorrect recall of visual details (see Table 1 ), F(1, 44) = 9.29, p = .004, g 2 = .17. | [2.0, 4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Psychology | train | 2.6 | news | http://www.techtimes.com/articles/27033/20150118/close-your-eyes-for-better-memory-recall.htm |
10.1177/0141076814565942 | Psychology_159 | They found that regardless of cultural background circumcised boys may run a greater risk of developing ASD. | ASD risk in girls was not associated with family factors linked to ritual male circumcision (HR ¼ 1.17; 95% CI: 0.54-2.55), based on seven ASD cases in girls with a ritually circumcised brother and 1012 ASD cases in girls without a ritually circumcised brother. | They found that regardless of cultural background circumcised boys may run a greater risk of developing ASD. The researchers also made the observation of an increased risk of hyperactivity disorder among circumcised boys in non-Muslim families. Risk was particularly high for infantile autism before the age of five, at least in epidemiology. | For boys in the 0-4 years age interval, risk of infantile autism in circumcised boys was twice that of intact boys (HR ¼ 2.06; 95% CI: 1.36-3.13, based on 27 cases in circumcised boys and 785 cases in intact boys); the risk of all other types of ASD combined was inconspicuous in the same age group (HR ¼ 1.21; 95% CI: 0.55-2.66, based on seven cases in circumcised boys and 540 cases in intact boys). ASD risk in girls was not associated with family factors linked to ritual male circumcision (HR ¼ 1.17; 95% CI: 0.54-2.55), based on seven ASD cases in girls with a ritually circumcised brother and 1012 ASD cases in girls without a ritually circumcised brother. Ritual circumcision among Danish boys is linked to an overall 46-62% increase in ASD risk in the first 10 years of life, with the upper risk estimate obtained after restriction to the period with the most complete data. | [1.0, 4.0, 4.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Psychology | train | 2 | news | http://www.science20.com/news_articles/circumcision_linked_to_autism_study-152121 |
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1941 | Psychology_16 | The researchers conclude that increased functional connectivity among these brain regions provides a neural basis for how depression is related to poor sleep quality. | These findings provides a neural basis for understanding how depression is associated with poor sleep quality, and this in turn has implications for treatment because of the brain areas identified. | The analysis showed that these functional connectivities underlie the relation between depressive problems and sleep quality. The researchers conclude that increased functional connectivity among these brain regions provides a neural basis for how depression is related to poor sleep quality. "This study may also have implications for a deeper understanding of depression," adds professor Edmund Rolls. | Much smaller associations were found in the reverse direction; that is, the associations of sleep quality with depressive problems mediated by these links were less significant. These findings provides a neural basis for understanding how depression is associated with poor sleep quality, and this in turn has implications for treatment because of the brain areas identified. Areas in which functional connectivity was associated with depressive problems and their effects on sleep quality included the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, precuneus, and angular gyrus. | [4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 3.5 | news | https://www.futurity.org/depression-sleep-problems-insomnia-1821432-2/ |
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1941 | Psychology_160 | The crossover here goes some way to proving that sleep and depression are affected by similar parts of our brains a and suggests it is this link that causes us to feel down and more susceptible to mental health problems when we suffer from a lack of sleep. | We note that there is a strong association between depression and poor sleep, in that the correlation found in this study between the Depressive Problems score and PSQI score was high (r = 0.371, P <1.0×10 −10 , Figure 1B) ; however, this does not address the directionality of the association, which could be in both directions. | Results showed that 162 functional connectivity links in the brain were connected with our ability (or lack of) to get some shut-eye; of these, 39 were also linked to depressive problems a such as low self-esteem, low mood, and a lack of motivation. The crossover here goes some way to proving that sleep and depression are affected by similar parts of our brains a and suggests it is this link that causes us to feel down and more susceptible to mental health problems when we suffer from a lack of sleep. Jianfeng Feng and Edmund Rolls, who headed up the study, stressed the significance of their conclusions to Sleep Review, with Rolls stating that the results are likely to have "implications for a deeper understanding of depression," as the evidence highlights "a key brain area that might be targeted in the search for treatments." | Most participants were healthy controls, and the depressive score was used as an indicator of depressive symptoms, not formal diagnosis; however, we did demonstrate a high correlation between the Depressive Problems score and whether a person had at some time been diagnosed with depression. We note that there is a strong association between depression and poor sleep, in that the correlation found in this study between the Depressive Problems score and PSQI score was high (r = 0.371, P <1.0×10 −10 , Figure 1B) ; however, this does not address the directionality of the association, which could be in both directions. Indeed, we note that poor sleep quality also may have an effect on depression, as shown by the mediation analysis. | [4.0, 1.0, 3.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 3.2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34713841918&p=1pl&v=1&x=L0FHu5xHlNT03mTOI2nB8Q |
10.1038/s41598-017-03627-7 | Psychology_161 | The more physiologically synchronized they were, the less pain she felt. | In addition, a possible explanation for these contradictory findings may rely on the different definitions of synchronization used in the two studies. | "Touch brings it back." The more physiologically synchronized they were, the less pain she felt. "It could be that touch is a tool for communicating empathy, resulting in an analgesic, or pain-killing, effect," said Goldstein. | As a result they probably experienced higher levels of pain and distress during the pain condition, which may disrupt the physiological coupling. In addition, a possible explanation for these contradictory findings may rely on the different definitions of synchronization used in the two studies. Here we show that in the absence of touch, the experience of pain disrupted the physiological coupling as the targets probably were focusing on their own pain experience. | [3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 2.5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39586310183&p=1pl&v=1&x=MLIK2XeMJ34Ijqm2aaBClw |
10.1093/jcr/ucw012 | Psychology_162 | While the advertising industry has been reluctant to tout its use of targeted ads because of privacy concerns, this research suggests there may be benefits for companies that indicate to consumers that they are sending ads meant specifically for them. | Finally, future research could explore whether an advertisement has to designate explicitly that it has been behaviorally targeted through words or icons (as we have done in our studies) or if there are more subtle cues that lead consumers to believe that an ad has been behaviorally targeted. | "The ad has to be plausible to the consumer for it have any effect," Reczek said. While the advertising industry has been reluctant to tout its use of targeted ads because of privacy concerns, this research suggests there may be benefits for companies that indicate to consumers that they are sending ads meant specifically for them. "If you're a person who goes out hiking occasionally and you see a behaviorally targeted ad for hiking boots that suggests you're rugged and outdoorsy, our results suggest you will feel more outdoorsy and then be more likely to buy that product," Reczek said. | This desire for consistency may have contributed to our results. Finally, future research could explore whether an advertisement has to designate explicitly that it has been behaviorally targeted through words or icons (as we have done in our studies) or if there are more subtle cues that lead consumers to believe that an ad has been behaviorally targeted. In the absence of this explicit labeling (or the understanding of it), there could be psychologically interesting predictors of believing a given ad has been behaviorally targeted, including whether the implied label is positive (vs. negative) or relevant to a central identity for that consumer. | [4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 3.5 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/KIPqQyrnyiA/ |
10.1007/s13524-014-0321-x | Psychology_163 | "We find that the happiness gain around the time of childbirth attenuates with parity, being strongest for the first, lower for the second, and nonpositive for the third child," the sociologists report. | We then analyze the patterns for different socioeconomic groups and parities and show that the changes in subjective well-being over the transition to parenthood are highly consistent with the low and late fertility behavior that has emerged during the second demographic transition: older parents and those with more socioeconomic resources have the strongest happiness gains around the time of birth, and the temporary happiness gain around the time of birth declines with the number of children that one already has. | The study demonstrates that not all children cause equally good emotions. "We find that the happiness gain around the time of childbirth attenuates with parity, being strongest for the first, lower for the second, and nonpositive for the third child," the sociologists report. This finding combined with the classic psychological learning theory can explain why the number of parents having three children is so small. | Importantly, we observe that happiness increases before birth, suggesting that the happiness gain around the time of birth may capture not only the effect of the birth but also the complex childbearing process that may involve partnership formation, partnership quality, and increased sexual activity. We then analyze the patterns for different socioeconomic groups and parities and show that the changes in subjective well-being over the transition to parenthood are highly consistent with the low and late fertility behavior that has emerged during the second demographic transition: older parents and those with more socioeconomic resources have the strongest happiness gains around the time of birth, and the temporary happiness gain around the time of birth declines with the number of children that one already has. These results were similar in Britain and Germany. | [3.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 3.4 | news | http://www.technology.org/2014/08/27/third-child-make-parents-happier/ |
10.1093/chemse/bjt066 | Psychology_164 | When associated with a pleasant label, we enjoy the odour more than when it is presented with a negative label. | In summary, odor labels affect pleasantness ratings and edibility perception. | When associated with a pleasant label, we enjoy the odour more than when it is presented with a negative label. The result was that all participants rated the four odours more positively when they were presented with positive labels than when presented with negative labels. Specifically, participants described the odours as pleasant and edible (even those associated with non-food items) when associated with positive labels. | All odorants presented with positive labels were rated as being more pleasant than when they were presented with negative labels. In summary, odor labels affect pleasantness ratings and edibility perception. Although labels appear to also influence intensity ratings and reaction times, this seems to be a more complex relationship that could be modulated by additional factors such as odor valence, label fit, and possibly the edibility attributed to an odor or a label. | [2.0, 4.0, 5.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 3.75 | news | http://www.newswise.com/articles/smelling-with-our-eyes-descriptions-affect-odour-perception |
10.1038/s41598-018-30980-y | Psychology_165 | "This study demonstrates that napping is beneficial to memory processing," they point out. | For example, selective memory for negative aspects of complex scenes is positively correlated with both SWS and SWA during a nap, although correlated with nocturnal REM sleep 7 . | As in observations by others, "both a nap and subsequent overnight sleep was necessary to observe performance benefits." "This study demonstrates that napping is beneficial to memory processing," they point out. "Given the importance of socio-emotional learning in preschool naps averaging 70 minutes may support the curricular goals of early childhood education. | If such were the case, REM in subsequent overnight sleep may support delayed emotional memory processing. For example, selective memory for negative aspects of complex scenes is positively correlated with both SWS and SWA during a nap, although correlated with nocturnal REM sleep 7 . Likewise, negative memories selectively cued during SWS are better remembered than uncued items 8 . | [2.0, 3.0, 1.0] | Psychology | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34884544095&p=1pl&v=1&x=ZTfu4WJpcprjoFwmcebiPw |
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1941 | Psychology_166 | Researchers believe it is the first time the neural mechanisms underlying the association of depression and sleep have been studied in a large sample. | IMPORTANCE Depression is associated with poor sleep quality. | Among those with depression, researchers found a strong connection between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which is associated with short-term memory; the precuneus, which is associated with the self, and the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, which is associated with negative emotion. Researchers believe it is the first time the neural mechanisms underlying the association of depression and sleep have been studied in a large sample. "These findings provide a neural basis for understanding how depression relates to poor sleep quality, and this in turn has implications for treatment of depression and improvement of sleep quality because of the brain areas identified." | IMPORTANCE Depression is associated with poor sleep quality. Understanding the neural connectivity that underlies both conditions and mediates the association between them is likely to lead to better-directed treatments for depression and associated sleep problems. The Depressive Problems score was positively correlated with poor sleep quality (r = 0.371; P < .001). | [2.0, 5.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0] | Psychology | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34634204738&p=1pl&v=1&x=GZ7D3xt9Fp7_9IgR9S1Qrg |
10.1093/jcr/ucw012 | Psychology_167 | "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them." | On one hand, consumers are more interested in information about where they stand on traits and identities that are important to them, which may make the effects of behaviorally targeted ads stronger for important traits . | "Even when you think you're focused on a task and performing it, having a distractor that captures your attention very briefly can fundamentally change what you thought you were perceiving," she says. "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them." "Consumers who knew they had received a targeted ad reported being more interested in the advertised product, and even changed their self-perceptions to be more in line with what the ad implied about them," she explains. | Additionally, it would be useful to investigate the role of the importance (to the self) of the trait implied from the label ). On one hand, consumers are more interested in information about where they stand on traits and identities that are important to them, which may make the effects of behaviorally targeted ads stronger for important traits . On the other hand, consumers' selfperceptions on traits that are very important to them are arguably less malleable , which may mute these effects. | [4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 3.4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=40338498080&p=1pl&v=1&x=V53CkzJkG1_9kTNpbGkVtQ |
10.1038/s41598-018-30980-y | Psychology_168 | "This study demonstrates that napping is beneficial to memory processing," they point out. | predict ΔRecall 24-hr (B = −0.005, p = 0.983), nor was there a significant relationship between ΔRecall 24hr and the average SWA across both the nap and the overnight sleep bouts (B = −0.081, p = 0.936). | As in observations by others, "both a nap and subsequent overnight sleep was necessary to observe performance benefits." "This study demonstrates that napping is beneficial to memory processing," they point out. "Given the importance of socio-emotional learning in preschool naps averaging 70 minutes may support the curricular goals of early childhood education. | When children napped, it took them longer to Table 2 . predict ΔRecall 24-hr (B = −0.005, p = 0.983), nor was there a significant relationship between ΔRecall 24hr and the average SWA across both the nap and the overnight sleep bouts (B = −0.081, p = 0.936). In light of the reduced accuracy across the nap predicting improvements in accuracy overnight (Fig. | [1.0, 1.0, 4.0, 1.0] | Psychology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34884544095&p=1pl&v=1&x=ZTfu4WJpcprjoFwmcebiPw |
10.1073/pnas.1505114112 | Psychology_169 | The findings suggest that music instruction helps enhance skills that are critical for academic success. | Thus, music training initiated as late as adolescence can enhance neural processing of sound and confer benefits for language skills. | The findings suggest that music instruction helps enhance skills that are critical for academic success. The gains were seen during group music classes included in the schools' curriculum, suggesting in-school training accelerates neurodevelopment. "While music programs are often the first to be cut when the school budget is tight, these results highlight music's place in the high school curriculum," says Nina Kraus, senior study author and director of the Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory at Northwestern University. | Although phonological processing improved in both the music training and active control groups, the enhancement was greater in adolescents who underwent music training. Thus, music training initiated as late as adolescence can enhance neural processing of sound and confer benefits for language skills. These results establish the potential for experience-driven brain plasticity during adolescence and demonstrate that in-school programs can engender these changes. | [2.0, 4.0, 5.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 3.75 | news | http://www.futurity.org/band-teenagers-brains-965992/ |
10.1177/0141076814565942 | Psychology_17 | The researchers also made the observation of an increased risk of hyperactivity disorder among circumcised boys in non-Muslim families. | Circumcised boys in non-Muslim families were also more likely to develop hyperkinetic disorder (HR ¼ 1.81; 95% CI: 1.11-2.96). | They found that regardless of cultural background circumcised boys may run a greater risk of developing ASD. The researchers also made the observation of an increased risk of hyperactivity disorder among circumcised boys in non-Muslim families. Risk was particularly high for infantile autism before the age of five, at least in epidemiology. | Risk was particularly high for infantile autism before age five years (HR ¼ 2.06; 95% CI: 1.36-3.13). Circumcised boys in non-Muslim families were also more likely to develop hyperkinetic disorder (HR ¼ 1.81; 95% CI: 1.11-2.96). Associations with asthma were consistently inconspicuous (HR ¼ 0.96; 95% CI: 0.84-1.10). | [5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 5 | news | http://www.science20.com/news_articles/circumcision_linked_to_autism_study-152121 |
10.1038/s41598-017-03627-7 | Psychology_170 | "It appears that pain totally interrupts this interpersonal synchronization between couples," Goldstein said. | Thus, it could be suggested that inter-personal physiological coupling underlie touch-related analgesia. | When he was allowed to hold her hand, their rates fell into sync again and her pain decreased. "It appears that pain totally interrupts this interpersonal synchronization between couples," Goldstein said. "Touch brings it back." | This indicates that coupling . Thus, it could be suggested that inter-personal physiological coupling underlie touch-related analgesia. In contrast to our original hypothesis, pain did not increase physiological coupling in the absence of the partner's touch. | [2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 3.0] | Psychology | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39586310183&p=1pl&v=1&x=MLIK2XeMJ34Ijqm2aaBClw |
10.1007/s13524-014-0321-x | Psychology_171 | A first-born child brought the most happiness, no matter what age the parents were. | If a birth is a positive life event, the happiness response to having a child may be strongest when the event is first experienced. | Those aged 35 to 49 experienced the highest level of happiness, while those between age 18 and 22 reported a decline in their happiness. A first-born child brought the most happiness, no matter what age the parents were. There was a 50 percent decrease in happiness during the birth of a second child, followed by a total slump by the time the third child is born. | is an exception: they found that first births have a positive effect on parental happiness, but higher order births do not. If a birth is a positive life event, the happiness response to having a child may be strongest when the event is first experienced. Moreover, higher-parity births might increase happiness less than the first birth because of resource dilution. | [4.0, 5.0, 1.0, 5.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 5 | news | http://www.hngn.com/articles/47780/20141031/births-of-first-and-second-child-bring-parents-more-happiness-than-the-third-but-why.htm |
10.1080/08870446.2013.818674 | Psychology_172 | Self-efficacy and support
The result: support from their partners is helpful to smokers who wish to stop and it increases their chances of success, provided that they have developed skills of their own that help them to abstain. | The rationale for examining potential joint effects of smoking-specific received social support and individual self-regulation before the quit date and post-quit date smoking cessation in the short-term rather than a longer-term ( 6 months) perspective lies in the chosen constructs. | Support from one's partner can help -- but only if the smokers have developed skills of their own that help them to stop. Self-efficacy and support
The result: support from their partners is helpful to smokers who wish to stop and it increases their chances of success, provided that they have developed skills of their own that help them to abstain. Such support could involve their partner reminding them of their plan to quit as well as encouraging and supporting them in critical situations. | On average, 29 days (range 21-58days) after the quit date, the respondents returned to the lab for the second assessment (T2). The rationale for examining potential joint effects of smoking-specific received social support and individual self-regulation before the quit date and post-quit date smoking cessation in the short-term rather than a longer-term ( 6 months) perspective lies in the chosen constructs. In contrast to perceived social support, received social support is not assumed to be stable over time, but a measure of retrospective support transactions from the partner. | [5.0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Psychology | train | 4 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/07/130724102602.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.4081 | Psychology_173 | While older women posed increased risk only for mental retardation (which may, the authors say, reflect the well-known association between maternal age and Down syndrome), children with fathers over the age of 45 had a 34% increased risk for psychiatric illnesses overall, and showed a clear trend of steadily increasing risk over the age of 29. | Compared with the offspring of mothers aged 25 to 29 years, the offspring of mothers aged 12 to 19 years had a 51% increased risk of having a mental disorder (IRR, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.48-1.54]). | Results for older parents were varied as well. While older women posed increased risk only for mental retardation (which may, the authors say, reflect the well-known association between maternal age and Down syndrome), children with fathers over the age of 45 had a 34% increased risk for psychiatric illnesses overall, and showed a clear trend of steadily increasing risk over the age of 29. The study adds to a growing body of research focused on the specific effects of parental age. | Considering the broadest category of any psychiatric diagnosis (ICD-10-DCR codes F00-F99) as the outcome of interest, the offspring of the youngest mothers were at the highest risk for any mental disorders. Compared with the offspring of mothers aged 25 to 29 years, the offspring of mothers aged 12 to 19 years had a 51% increased risk of having a mental disorder (IRR, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.48-1.54]). No significantly increased risk for the offspring of older mothers was found. | [1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Psychology | train | 1.5 | news | http://qz.com/170543/men-shouldnt-wait-too-long-to-have-kids-either/ |
10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.17111282 | Psychology_175 | The team analyzed four tests (CNSDose, Genecept, GeneSight, and Neuropharmagen) and found that they could reliably detect whether someone has a certain genetic variant, says Dunlop. | Identifying genetic variants with the greatest empirical support is critical for evaluating and implementing combinatorial pharmacogenetic testing. | "It seems to me that if a patient has an interest in their pharmacogenetic profile that could impact medication decisions, they're probably better off just asking the physician about what testing can be done, since confirmatory testing is expected anyway even if you got 23andMe," says Boadie Dunlop, an Emory University psychiatrist who researchers biological markers that predict responses to drug treatments. The team analyzed four tests (CNSDose, Genecept, GeneSight, and Neuropharmagen) and found that they could reliably detect whether someone has a certain genetic variant, says Dunlop. The tests they researched also didn't agree on what medical recommendations to make when they detected that a patient had a particular gene variant. | Conversely, knowledge that a patient's genotype predicted poor metabolism by the enzymes regulating pharmacokinetics of a candidate medication might portend tolerability problems even at low dosages and perhaps prompt a prescriber to use a very low dosage or to avoid that agent altogether. Identifying genetic variants with the greatest empirical support is critical for evaluating and implementing combinatorial pharmacogenetic testing. The PharmGKB level-of-evidence scale for gene-drug interactions ranges from preliminary evidence of association (level 4) to significant associations with strong effect sizes that have been replicated in multiple cohorts (level 1A). | [3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Psychology | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37574117193&p=1pl&v=1&x=ptbwG_dACdLouZko2EPU2w |