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10.3945/jn.113.188441

Biology_63

In addition, men and women's varied eating habits and differences in the accuracy of food reporting may play a role in the gender gap.

The consumption of instant noodles $2 times/wk was associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (OR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.55) in women but not in men (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.58, 1.49; P-interaction = 0.04).

He said that can likely be attributed to biological differences (such as sex hormones and metabolism) between the sexes, as well as obesity and metabolic syndrome components. In addition, men and women's varied eating habits and differences in the accuracy of food reporting may play a role in the gender gap. Regardless of the gender-related findings or their causes, Dr. Shin said, the study represents the importance of understanding the foods we feed our bodies.

The highest quintile for the TP was associated with decreased prevalence of elevated blood pressure (OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.90) and marginally lower trends for abdominal obesity (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.98; P-trend = 0.06), but neither of the dietary patterns was associated with prevalence of metabolic syndrome. The consumption of instant noodles $2 times/wk was associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (OR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.55) in women but not in men (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.58, 1.49; P-interaction = 0.04). The 2 major dietary patterns were associated with distinct cardiometabolic risk factors.

[4.0, 1.0, 1.0, 4.0, 2.0]

Biology

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http://www.newswise.com/articles/can-instant-noodles-lead-to-heart-disease-diabetes-and-stroke

10.14814/phy2.13617

Biology_64

Melatonin levels were 88 percent lower after bright light exposure.

Melatonin levels at 10-min (P = 0.008, d = 0.70), 30-min (P = 0.006, d = 1.56), and 50-min after the start of the light exposure (P = 0.002, d = 1.86) were significantly lower than levels at the same clock times in the dim light condition (Fig.

"In this study we found that these kids were extremely sensitive to light." Melatonin levels were 88 percent lower after bright light exposure. Levels remained suppressed at least 50 minutes after the light was shut off.

Average melatonin suppression across the light exposure was 87.6 AE 10. and at the same relative clock times during the dim light condition (AUC DL ) are plotted for each subject in Figure 2 . Melatonin levels at 10-min (P = 0.008, d = 0.70), 30-min (P = 0.006, d = 1.56), and 50-min after the start of the light exposure (P = 0.002, d = 1.86) were significantly lower than levels at the same clock times in the dim light condition (Fig. Melatonin levels remained significantly lower at 20-min (P < 0.001, d = 2.07) and 50-min following the end of the bright light exposure condition (P < 0.001, d = 1.43) compared to the dim light condition (Fig.

[5.0, 4.0, 2.0, 5.0]

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http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33480456707&p=1pl&v=1&x=hN9hUXXld--gBVhWbWCNfA

10.1007/s10336-017-1477-0

Biology_67

In the end, the Liberian and icterine greenbuls turned out to share an astonishing amount of genetic similarities, much more than any other two species of greenbul.

Although the Liberian Greenbul specimen was only 33 years old, none of the above primers produced bands from that sample, consistent with significant DNA degradation.

According to the data, the most likely explanation for a lack of new Liberian greenbuls is the fact that they don't actually exist. In the end, the Liberian and icterine greenbuls turned out to share an astonishing amount of genetic similarities, much more than any other two species of greenbul. "We can't say definitively that the Liberian greenbul is the same bird as the icterine greenbul, but we have presented enough evidence that makes any other explanation seem highly unlikely."

Isolation of Liberian Greenbul DNA and initial PCRs were performed The most obvious feature that distinguishes it from the otherwise very similar Icterine Greenbul P. icterinus is the presence of white subterminal 'eye spots' to the wing feathers-a feature not shown by any other species of Phyllastrephus. Although the Liberian Greenbul specimen was only 33 years old, none of the above primers produced bands from that sample, consistent with significant DNA degradation. The Liberian Greenbul sequence was identical to that from one of the Icterine Greenbuls ('MAR6611') sampled in Liberia.

[4.0, 1.0, 2.0]

Biology

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http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34855042070&p=1pl&v=1&x=Aj2yuZYjg1DHHMgjyQ7rYg

10.1016/j.mito.2018.08.001

Biology_68

A concussion sustained before an earlier concussion has completely resolved typically results in more severe symptoms and prolonged recovery, even if the second impact is less than the first.

If a new head injury is sustained before complete healing of an earlier concussion, the clinical severity of the second injury is amplified, and recovery is prolonged.

The molecular features of this process are universal," said Naviaux, who also directs the Mitochondrial and Metabolic Disease Center at UC San Diego. A concussion sustained before an earlier concussion has completely resolved typically results in more severe symptoms and prolonged recovery, even if the second impact is less than the first. When the abnormal ATP signaling was silenced, the treated boys in the trial displayed dramatically improved communication and social behaviors.

If healing is incomplete between injuries, more severe disease is produced. If a new head injury is sustained before complete healing of an earlier concussion, the clinical severity of the second injury is amplified, and recovery is prolonged. This occurs even when the energy of the second impact was less than the first.

[5.0, 4.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0]

Biology

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http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37052707703&p=1pl&v=1&x=sh4bblHfq4G8CThdM37YaA

10.14814/phy2.13617

Biology_69

"We hope this research can help parents and clinicians make informed decisions on children's light exposure."

Findings from this study indicated that school-age children were almost twice as sensitive to the melatonin suppression effects of evening moderate bright light exposure (~580 lux) than their parents .

The study sample size was small and it used only one intensity of light, 1,000 lux, which is far greater than the intensity of a typical handheld electronic device, she notes. "We hope this research can help parents and clinicians make informed decisions on children's light exposure." The takeaway for parents today: Dim the lights in the hours before bedtime.

Findings from this study mark an important step in addressing a gap in understanding the melatonin suppression response across the lifespan. Findings from this study indicated that school-age children were almost twice as sensitive to the melatonin suppression effects of evening moderate bright light exposure (~580 lux) than their parents . Additionally, based upon an objective measure of pubertal development ), Crowley and colleagues found that that prepubertal adolescents (Tanner stage 1-3) were more sensitive to the suppressive effects of evening light on melatonin than postpubertal adolescents (Tanner stage 4-5) .

[2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0]

Biology

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http://healthmedicinet.com/news/preschoolers-exposed-to-nighttime-light-lack-melatonin/

10.1210/en.2015-2036

Biology_7

In mice, vitamin D signaling inhibited the expression of ID1.

These results indicate that the relationship between Id1 expression and vitamin D status/VDR signaling that we identified in our mouse studies is conserved in humans and is relevant to patients with BCa.

In mice, vitamin D signaling inhibited the expression of ID1. When these mice were deficient in serum vitamin D, due to a vitamin-D-deficient diet, ID1 expression was no longer suppressed. These results suggested that vitamin D deficiency acts in a cell autonomous manner, rather than systematically, to affect breast cancer.

We found that serum 25(OH)D levels at the time of surgery were negatively associated with ID1 expression levels in the corresponding tumors (Spearman correlation coefficient r ϭ Ϫ0.579, P Ͻ .001), with every 10-ng increase in circulating 25(OH)D levels being associated with a 20% reduction in ID1 expression levels in the tumor ( Figure 4D ). These results indicate that the relationship between Id1 expression and vitamin D status/VDR signaling that we identified in our mouse studies is conserved in humans and is relevant to patients with BCa. Our results show that dietary vitamin D deficiency accelerates the growth of BCa tumors.

[2.0, 2.0, 4.0]

Biology

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http://www.oncologynurseadvisor.com/lack-of-vitamin-d-may-encourage-breast-cancer-metastasis/article/485433/

10.14814/phy2.13617

Biology_70

"We hope this research can help parents and clinicians make informed decisions on children's light exposure."

A combination of well-controlled procedures minimizing sources of error variance, a repeated-measures design, and large effect sizes led to several significant findings: (a) 1-h of bright light exposure before bedtime suppresses melatonin by~88%; (b) the effects of evening bright light exposure on melatonin levels persisted at least 50-min following termination of the light stimulus; and (c) melatonin levels remained attenuated and did not return to 50% of those observed in the dim light condition following the bright light exposure for the majority of the children.

The study sample size was small and it used only one intensity of light, 1,000 lux, which is far greater than the intensity of a typical handheld electronic device, she notes. "We hope this research can help parents and clinicians make informed decisions on children's light exposure." The takeaway for parents today: Dim the lights in the hours before bedtime.

To our knowledge, this study is the first to quantify the melatonin suppression response to evening light exposure in healthy 3-to 5-year-old children. A combination of well-controlled procedures minimizing sources of error variance, a repeated-measures design, and large effect sizes led to several significant findings: (a) 1-h of bright light exposure before bedtime suppresses melatonin by~88%; (b) the effects of evening bright light exposure on melatonin levels persisted at least 50-min following termination of the light stimulus; and (c) melatonin levels remained attenuated and did not return to 50% of those observed in the dim light condition following the bright light exposure for the majority of the children. Findings from this study mark an important step in addressing a gap in understanding the melatonin suppression response across the lifespan.

[2.0, 3.0, 1.0, 3.0, 4.0]

Biology

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news

http://healthmedicinet.com/news/preschoolers-exposed-to-nighttime-light-lack-melatonin/

10.1126/sciadv.aat5107

Biology_71

The BioBits kits enable us to expose young kids, older kids, and even adults to the wonders of synthetic biology and, as a result, are poised to transform science education and society.

We anticipate that the availability of our BioBits™ kits and the data reported here will encourage teaching and broaden participation in the field of synthetic biology.

"We show that it is possible to use freeze-dried, cell-free extracts along with freeze-dried synthetic biology components to conduct innovative educational experiments in classrooms and other low-resource settings. The BioBits kits enable us to expose young kids, older kids, and even adults to the wonders of synthetic biology and, as a result, are poised to transform science education and society. This BioBits project demonstrates the kind of out-of-the-box thinking and refusal to accept the status quo that we value and cultivate at the Wyss Institute, and we all hope it will stimulate young people to be intrigued by science," said Wyss Institute Founding Director Donald Ingber, M.D., Ph.D., who is also the Judah Folkman Professor of Vascular Biology at Harvard Medical School (HMS) and the Vascular Biology Program at Boston Children's Hospital, as well as Professor of Bioengineering at Harvard's John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS).

Titrating the amount of DNA template results in varying levels of fluorescent protein production, which are visible to the naked eye and under a blue or black light. We anticipate that the availability of our BioBits™ kits and the data reported here will encourage teaching and broaden participation in the field of synthetic biology. We observed that all proteins expressed with high soluble yields (between 160 and >1100 g ml −1 ) ( Fig.

[3.0, 3.0, 5.0]

Biology

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http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34696777548&p=1pl&v=1&x=pxhPjHWCPi8TfA-LxM_Vbw

10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.034

Biology_73

"The Prostate Cancer Foundation is proud to have funded this team, which continues to make foundational strides in identifying actionable genomic mutations in prostate cancer and using this information to identify new classes of precision treatments that can be used to improve the lives of men with prostate cancer."

CDK12 mutant cases are associated with elevated neoantigen burden ensuing from fusion-induced chimeric open reading frames and increased tumor T cell infiltration/clonal expansion.

More study is needed to understand this. "This very promising study suggests that CDK12 loss may be a biomarker for identifying prostate cancer patients who may respond to checkpoint immunotherapy," says Howard Soule, Ph.D., executive vice president and chief science officer of the Prostate Cancer Foundation. "The Prostate Cancer Foundation is proud to have funded this team, which continues to make foundational strides in identifying actionable genomic mutations in prostate cancer and using this information to identify new classes of precision treatments that can be used to improve the lives of men with prostate cancer."

CDK12 mutant cases are baseline diploid and do not exhibit DNA mutational signatures linked to defects in homologous recombination. CDK12 mutant cases are associated with elevated neoantigen burden ensuing from fusion-induced chimeric open reading frames and increased tumor T cell infiltration/clonal expansion. FTDs associated with CDK12 loss result in highly recurrent gains at loci of genes involved in the cell cycle and DNA replication.

[2.0, 1.0, 1.0, 3.0, 2.0]

Biology

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http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34304617241&p=1pl&v=1&x=JkbWFHiGsGoeqOJxN0A0-A

10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.004

Biology_74

These drugs also might have broader therapeutic value for patients with mental health issues.

As SIK1 acts to suppress the effects of light on the clock, this pathway provides a pharmacological target for the treatment of disturbed circadian rhythms, including jet lag, shift-work, and illnesses that disturb circadian timing.

The findings reveal a little bit more about how our internal clocks function. In addition, the research could pave the way for drugs that could bring bodies in tune with the solar cycle more quickly. These drugs also might have broader therapeutic value for patients with mental health issues.

Critically, we show that knockdown of Sik1 within the SCN results in extended light-induced phase shifts and an enhanced rate of re-entrainment to an advanced LD cycle. As SIK1 acts to suppress the effects of light on the clock, this pathway provides a pharmacological target for the treatment of disturbed circadian rhythms, including jet lag, shift-work, and illnesses that disturb circadian timing. Surprisingly, the majority (81%, 436 genes) of transcripts were downregulated in response to light, with a smaller number of genes showing upregulation (19%, 100 genes).

[3.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0]

Biology

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http://www.scienceworldreport.com/articles/9204/20130902/what-causes-jet-lag-internal-clock-slow-change-time.htm

10.1186/gb-2013-14-7-r73

Biology_76

The vlincRNAs were shown to be present in cancerous cells as well as stem cells and normal human tissues.

Of 2,285 vlincRNAs found in cancerous or immortalized cells/tissues, 1,088 (47.7%) occurred in the non-cancerous cell lines or blood.

"Based upon this technology, we now have a greater understanding of transcriptome regulation, with potential to lead to therapeutic targets and better disease diagnostics." The vlincRNAs were shown to be present in cancerous cells as well as stem cells and normal human tissues. Researchers found that some of these vlincRNAs are co-opted by cancer-associated transcriptional programs.

A complex normal human tissue, blood, revealed expression of 613 vlincRNAs, of which 331 (p-value 2.03 × 10 -49 ) overlap ENCODE vlincRNAs. Of 2,285 vlincRNAs found in cancerous or immortalized cells/tissues, 1,088 (47.7%) occurred in the non-cancerous cell lines or blood. While cancerous cells have highlyrearranged genomes and, in theory, could produce non-functional vlincRNA transcripts that reflect those re-arrangements, this argument cannot be made about the Figure S1 .

[5.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0]

Biology

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http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/07/130731093915.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29

10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.004

Biology_77

Overall, the researchers found that the SIK1 protein delays the body clock's shifting response to time changes, and therefore causes complications for travelers and shift workers.

As SIK1 acts to suppress the effects of light on the clock, this pathway provides a pharmacological target for the treatment of disturbed circadian rhythms, including jet lag, shift-work, and illnesses that disturb circadian timing.

"The study proposes that the light-stimulated production of SIK1 in turn switches off the molecular pathway that feeds into the clock mechanism, thereby halting the shifting response of the biological clock," the researchers wrote. Overall, the researchers found that the SIK1 protein delays the body clock's shifting response to time changes, and therefore causes complications for travelers and shift workers. "It would appear that SIK1 plays a common role in our circadian clocks found throughout our body, and working as a hand-brake on our ability to shift our biorhythms and adjust to new time zones, whether these are real or artificial, such as those produced during shift work schedules," said Duffield.

Critically, we show that knockdown of Sik1 within the SCN results in extended light-induced phase shifts and an enhanced rate of re-entrainment to an advanced LD cycle. As SIK1 acts to suppress the effects of light on the clock, this pathway provides a pharmacological target for the treatment of disturbed circadian rhythms, including jet lag, shift-work, and illnesses that disturb circadian timing. Surprisingly, the majority (81%, 436 genes) of transcripts were downregulated in response to light, with a smaller number of genes showing upregulation (19%, 100 genes).

[3.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0]

Biology

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news

http://www.medicaldaily.com/jet-lag-cure-could-lie-newly-discovered-gene-255200

10.1007/s10336-017-1477-0

Biology_78

And it's not like the purported new species was even a hybrid - analysis also excluded that probability, leaving the researchers to hypothesise that the 'Liberian' greenbul was just an icterine greenbul with a juvenile nutritional deficiency that caused changes to its plumage.

That the Liberian Greenbul was heterozyogous at none of these positions strongly suggests that it was not an Icterine 9 Spotted Greenbul hybrid.

"We can't say definitively that the Liberian greenbul is the same bird as the icterine greenbul, but we have presented enough evidence that makes any other explanation seem highly unlikely." And it's not like the purported new species was even a hybrid - analysis also excluded that probability, leaving the researchers to hypothesise that the 'Liberian' greenbul was just an icterine greenbul with a juvenile nutritional deficiency that caused changes to its plumage. But despite the thorough genetic analysis and unlikely alternative explanations, we can't yet say that the elusive birds absolutely, definitely don't exist - it looks like once something becomes a species, unspecying it is a tougher ask.

In contrast, there were 9 single-bp changes and a 2-bp indel between Icterine/Liberian Greenbul sequences and that of Spotted Greenbul. That the Liberian Greenbul was heterozyogous at none of these positions strongly suggests that it was not an Icterine 9 Spotted Greenbul hybrid. The current study has failed to find any significant genetic distance between Icterine and Liberian Greenbuls, whilst demonstrating large and diagnostic genetic distances between other species of greenbul in the genus Phyllastrephus.

[4.0, 4.0, 1.0, 4.0]

Biology

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http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34855042070&p=1pl&v=1&x=Aj2yuZYjg1DHHMgjyQ7rYg

10.1038/s41467-018-05870-6

Biology_8

"This allows us to explore the potential of finding a novel therapeutic approach that alters energy balance in obesity and modulates the associated diseases."

These Ago2-mediated molecular events may solve the paradox of protein biosynthesis in the obese liver, demonstrate a new mechanism in the regulation of basal metabolic activity, and provide a novel therapeutic target for metabolic diseases.

"Although this is still basic science, we propose that there may be important translational implications for our findings for chronic metabolic disorders like diabetes, fatty liver diseases, and other obesity associated illnesses," said Nakamura, senior investigator and a member of the Division of Endocrinology. "This allows us to explore the potential of finding a novel therapeutic approach that alters energy balance in obesity and modulates the associated diseases." Novel Science The scientists caution the research is early stage.

This condition can amplify activation of AMPK and its substrates ULK1, MFF, and Pgc1α, leading to improved mitochondrial capacity and quality, which in turn generates sufficient energy for protein biosynthesis. These Ago2-mediated molecular events may solve the paradox of protein biosynthesis in the obese liver, demonstrate a new mechanism in the regulation of basal metabolic activity, and provide a novel therapeutic target for metabolic diseases. In conclusion, our results highlight that Ago2 uniquely regulates energy production and consumption in the liver, and suggest hepatic Ago2-mediated RNA silencing is a key regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism during the pathogenesis of obesity.

[4.0, 3.0, 4.0, 4.0]

Biology

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http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37061323146&p=1pl&v=1&x=l5-40ws2AOkos3TN_hE55A

10.1126/sciadv.aat5107

Biology_80

The BioBits kits enable us to expose young kids, older kids, and even adults to the wonders of synthetic biology and, as a result, are poised to transform science education and society.

In sum, BioBits™ Bright represents a comprehensive set of educational resources for synthetic biology akin to the "chemistry set" that brought chemistry education to the masses and inspired generations of scientists.

"We show that it is possible to use freeze-dried, cell-free extracts along with freeze-dried synthetic biology components to conduct innovative educational experiments in classrooms and other low-resource settings. The BioBits kits enable us to expose young kids, older kids, and even adults to the wonders of synthetic biology and, as a result, are poised to transform science education and society. This BioBits project demonstrates the kind of out-of-the-box thinking and refusal to accept the status quo that we value and cultivate at the Wyss Institute, and we all hope it will stimulate young people to be intrigued by science," said Wyss Institute Founding Director Donald Ingber, M.D., Ph.D., who is also the Judah Folkman Professor of Vascular Biology at Harvard Medical School (HMS) and the Vascular Biology Program at Boston Children's Hospital, as well as Professor of Bioengineering at Harvard's John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS).

We also plan to launch a website where students can share their data and biological program designs with other users of these kits from around the world. In sum, BioBits™ Bright represents a comprehensive set of educational resources for synthetic biology akin to the "chemistry set" that brought chemistry education to the masses and inspired generations of scientists. This is made possible by our in-house freeze-dried reactions, which are two orders of magnitude more affordable than existing commercial cell-free kits, at just ~US$0.01 per microliter of reaction volume (table S3) compared to ~US$1 per microliter (Promega L110; NEB E6800S).

[3.0, 4.0, 3.0]

Biology

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http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34696777548&p=1pl&v=1&x=pxhPjHWCPi8TfA-LxM_Vbw

10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.004

Biology_82

Dr. Russell Foster said that we were still a long way off from a jet lag cure, but added it was a step towards developing drugs for interrupted sleep cycles.

Sik1 silenced mice showed significantly faster re-entrainment when compared to the controls in both cycles ( Figure 5C ).

When they blocked the activity of SIK1, the mice adjusted faster to changes in light cycle. Dr. Russell Foster said that we were still a long way off from a jet lag cure, but added it was a step towards developing drugs for interrupted sleep cycles. "Such drugs could potentially have broader therapeutic value for people with mental health issues."

Compared with the controls, the mice with Sik1 silenced showed significantly enhanced phase shifts (98 min compared to 50 min, p = 0.036, Figure 5B ). Sik1 silenced mice showed significantly faster re-entrainment when compared to the controls in both cycles ( Figure 5C ). To illustrate the magnitude of this effect, on day 2 the difference in phase was over 3 hr in the siNT-injected animals but was less than 1 hr in the Sik1-silenced mice ( Figure 5D ).

[1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0]

Biology

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http://www.businessinsider.com/cure-for-jet-lag-2013-8

10.1073/pnas.1504869112

Biology_83

Extrapolating their results to tropical forests as a whole, the team calculated that lianas could potentially reduce long-term storage of carbon in tropical forests by one-third or more.

Likewise, a potential liana-driven shift in tree species composition may also alter long-term biomass carbon storage if the presence of lianas leads to an increase in fast-growing trees with low wood densities, as is predicted .

The researchers found that study plots with lianas accumulated 76 percent less biomass over the experimental period due to reduced tree growth and increased tree death. Extrapolating their results to tropical forests as a whole, the team calculated that lianas could potentially reduce long-term storage of carbon in tropical forests by one-third or more. The study will be useful in guiding scientists working to predict the trajectory of carbon storage as atmospheric concentrations rise, and it may help explain recent observations that the carbon storage capacity of tropical forests is declining.

Long-term Submission PDF biomass carbon storage may be further reduced if increasing liana biomass intensifies liana-tree competition and/or increases the proportion of trees that are competing with lianas. Likewise, a potential liana-driven shift in tree species composition may also alter long-term biomass carbon storage if the presence of lianas leads to an increase in fast-growing trees with low wood densities, as is predicted . Nevertheless, our simulation provides an initial conservative estimate of the potential long-term effect of lianas on forest-level carbon stocks.

[4.0, 3.0, 3.0, 4.0, 4.0]

Biology

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news

http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/PUyOGba13Ho/

10.1111/gcb.13276

Biology_87

Based on a massive amount of historical data, the index can be used to compare the bleaching responses of corals throughout the world and to predict which corals may be most affected by future bleaching events.

Differential bleaching among corals was widely variable (mean taxon-BRI = 25.06 AE 18.44%, AESE).

Based on a massive amount of historical data, the index can be used to compare the bleaching responses of corals throughout the world and to predict which corals may be most affected by future bleaching events. "We can see it with our eyes, and we also clearly see the progression of climate change in our data. "Coral bleaching is an inescapable example of the effects of climate change."

Differential bleaching among corals was widely variable (mean taxon-BRI = 25.06 AE 18.44%, AESE). We found that both extrinsic and intrinsic factors have comparable influence within a given site and event (60% and 40% of bleaching response variance of all records explained, respectively). However, when responses of individual taxa are averaged across sites to obtain taxon-BRI, differential response was primarily driven by intrinsic differences among taxa (65% of taxon-BRI variance explained), not conditions across sites (6% explained), nor measurement uncertainty (29% explained).

[2.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.0]

Biology

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http://www.futurity.org/coral-reefs-climate-change-1138362/

10.1016/j.neuron.2014.05.028

Biology_88

The Tac2 gene was turned on more strongly during fear learning in mice that were previously exposed to a model of traumatic stress.

In summary, these studies provide understanding of the role of the Tac2 gene and the CeM in fear processing and provide approaches to intervention for fear-related disorders.

Out of thousands of genes they examined, their "top gene" was Tachykinin 2 or Tac2. The Tac2 gene was turned on more strongly during fear learning in mice that were previously exposed to a model of traumatic stress. "The Tac2 gene is robustly activated after fear learning and belongs to a pathway that can be specifically blocked with a drug," Ressler says.

Although other molecular pathways have previously been associated with PTSD, we believe that there will be a number of different mechanisms identified that eventually will synergistically be used to target emotional memory modulation. In summary, these studies provide understanding of the role of the Tac2 gene and the CeM in fear processing and provide approaches to intervention for fear-related disorders. The procedure for detecting Gad65 (AB5082, Chemicon, 1:500) and CaMkIIa (Cell Signaling Solutions, 1:250) was similar as previously described after performing the Tac2 FISH.

[4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 4.0]

Biology

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http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/06/140630124423.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29

10.1186/s13059-018-1434-0

Biology_89

"This is the first large scale study with a solid method to detect a substantial impact of negative selection in shaping cancer genomes.

However, considering the rapid increase in sequenced cancer exomes and genomes, we expect that in the near future enough data for genes under negative selection will be available to perform this type of analysis.

"We found that negative selection plays an important role in cancer evolution, which is quite controversial because it has been historically neglected in most studies and, ultimately, challenges the current paradigm of an exclusive role of positive selection in cancer," explains Dr. Schaefer. "This is the first large scale study with a solid method to detect a substantial impact of negative selection in shaping cancer genomes. We demonstrate that negative selection is underestimated and acts stronger on certain regions, which are related to essential cellular functions and to immune response," adds Schaefer.

The lack of substitutions restricts statistical power when it comes to applying a conventional Kaplan-Meier analysis. However, considering the rapid increase in sequenced cancer exomes and genomes, we expect that in the near future enough data for genes under negative selection will be available to perform this type of analysis. In summary, we have identified a conservative estimate of 23 genes under significant negative selection.

[2.0, 4.0, 3.0, 2.0]

Biology

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http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34527375501&p=1pl&v=1&x=1CtmjzSbC1y6cGD8LDIXPA

10.4049/jimmunol.1800107

Biology_90

Additionally, CLCs were shown to promote inflammation in vivo, as evidenced by an increased tissue presence of IL-1b.

2f) , suggesting that lysosomal damage is a likely mechanism by which CLCs can induce IL-1β secretion by macrophages.

In this study, Dr. Latz's team demonstrates that CLCs are engulfed by human macrophages in vitro, resulting in the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1b. Additionally, CLCs were shown to promote inflammation in vivo, as evidenced by an increased tissue presence of IL-1b. Importantly, chemical inhibition and small interfering RNA (siRNA) knock-down of NLRP3 in primary human macrophages reduced IL-1B production in response to CLCs, suggesting that the inflammatory response occurs via the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.

Indeed, CA-074 Me inhibition blocked CLC-induced IL-1β release in a dosedependent manner (Fig. 2f) , suggesting that lysosomal damage is a likely mechanism by which CLCs can induce IL-1β secretion by macrophages. In line with a role for the NLRP3 inflammasome in the intracellular sensing of CLCs, specific inhibition of NLRP3 and caspase-1 with the compounds CRID3 and VX-765, respectively, ablated CLC-induced IL-1β release by hMDMs (Fig.

[3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

news

http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38014682083&p=1pl&v=1&x=fA9J7idoQjbuZC8wnt8o2Q

10.1038/ncomms4632

Biology_91

The team's three-part nanomotor can rapidly mix and pump biochemicals and move through liquids, which is important for future applications.

More experiments are necessary to study the applications and limitations of nanomotors in a biosetting.

The team's nanomotor is an important step toward developing miniature machines that could one day move through the body to administer insulin for diabetics when needed, or target and treat cancer cells without harming good cells. The team's three-part nanomotor can rapidly mix and pump biochemicals and move through liquids, which is important for future applications. Fan and her team are the first to achieve the extremely difficult goal of designing a nanomotor with large driving power.

The demonstration of nanomotors for biochemical release as shown above is still in a non-bioenvironment. More experiments are necessary to study the applications and limitations of nanomotors in a biosetting. It will also be interesting to exam the release characteristics from multiple nanomotors.

[1.0, 1.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

news

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/05/140520123441.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29

10.1111/1365-2656.12871

Biology_92

"The effect of RHDV disease virus on rabbits is enhanced by previous infection with MYXV virus.

There was no evidence for any long-term temporal trend in changes in the survival rates of RHDV-susceptible versus immune adults (Supporting Information Figure S2 ).

It is no longer a case of which disease is a better control agent, because their effectiveness is intrinsically linked." "The effect of RHDV disease virus on rabbits is enhanced by previous infection with MYXV virus. Survival rates were lowest for rabbits which survived MYXV infection and then were exposed to RHDV disease," says Dr Fordham from the University's Environment Institute.

than immune adults throughout the year, with monthly survival rates being on average 25% less than for susceptible rabbits (odds ratio of hyperprior-level estimate 0.75, CI 0.68-0.82) (Figure 2 ). There was no evidence for any long-term temporal trend in changes in the survival rates of RHDV-susceptible versus immune adults (Supporting Information Figure S2 ). We did not identify any clear seasonal differences in the relative survival rates of RHDV-susceptible versus immune adults (Supporting Information Figure S2 ) despite a variable

[2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

news

http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34506942217&p=1pl&v=1&x=OCP5j07SbNKK_Tx7JPH1Dw

10.1098/rsos.171474

Biology_93

That task force "found that violent video game exposure was associated with: an increased composite aggression score; increased aggressive behavior; increased aggressive cognitions; increased aggressive affect, increased desensitization, and decreased empathy; and increased physiological arousal."

As a result, we did not split data at an inflection point value or conduct the additional regression tests required to test if the nonlinear relationship between the time participants spends playing violent video games and aggression followed a step function like those found in other large-scale media effects research .

This contradicts the consensus hammered out by an American Psychological Association task force on violent video games in 2017. That task force "found that violent video game exposure was associated with: an increased composite aggression score; increased aggressive behavior; increased aggressive cognitions; increased aggressive affect, increased desensitization, and decreased empathy; and increased physiological arousal." The task force also "concluded that violent video game use is a risk factor for adverse outcomes, but found insufficient studies to examine any potential link between violent video game use and delinquency or criminal behavior."

This was not possible because the parabolic term was not significant ( p ¼ 0.624), and as such we did not have an empirical basis to calculate the local extrema as planned. As a result, we did not split data at an inflection point value or conduct the additional regression tests required to test if the nonlinear relationship between the time participants spends playing violent video games and aggression followed a step function like those found in other large-scale media effects research . These results did not support the idea that there is a critical amount of violent video game play which serves as a tipping point for aggressive behaviour.

[1.0, 3.0, 2.0, 1.0]

Biology

train

news

http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38538076628&p=1pl&v=1&x=7Ko5INusmGh9TtCxVKqTtA

10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.034

Biology_94

"This very promising study suggests that CDK12 loss may be a biomarker for identifying prostate cancer patients who may respond to checkpoint immunotherapy," says Howard Soule, Ph.D., executive vice president and chief science officer of the Prostate Cancer Foundation.

These findings gave rise to a number of clinical trials for several classes of immunotherapeutics, which have been met with mixed results.

More study is needed to understand this. "This very promising study suggests that CDK12 loss may be a biomarker for identifying prostate cancer patients who may respond to checkpoint immunotherapy," says Howard Soule, Ph.D., executive vice president and chief science officer of the Prostate Cancer Foundation. "The Prostate Cancer Foundation is proud to have funded this team, which continues to make foundational strides in identifying actionable genomic mutations in prostate cancer and using this information to identify new classes of precision treatments that can be used to improve the lives of men with prostate cancer."

In line with this possibility, high levels of CCL21 and CCL25 may mediate dendritic cell tumor trafficking and neoantigen-specific T cell clonal expansion (Chan et al., 1999; Gosling et al., 2000; . These findings gave rise to a number of clinical trials for several classes of immunotherapeutics, which have been met with mixed results. A plausible explanation is in the genetics of prostate cancer.

[1.0, 3.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

news

http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34304617241&p=1pl&v=1&x=JkbWFHiGsGoeqOJxN0A0-A

10.1210/en.2015-2036

Biology_95

The research highlights a direct link between circulating vitamin D levels and the expression of a gene called ID1, known to be associated with tumor growth and breast cancer metastasis.

These studies revealed Id1 as significantly up-regulated in both the tumors that developed in vitamin D-deficient mice and the VDR KD cells, suggesting that Id1 is repressed by VDR signaling in BCa.

The research highlights a direct link between circulating vitamin D levels and the expression of a gene called ID1, known to be associated with tumor growth and breast cancer metastasis. The finding builds upon several previous studies suggesting that low levels of vitamin D not only increase a person's risk of developing breast cancer, but are also correlated with more-aggressive tumors and worse prognoses. Although the research was conducted primarily in mice and on mouse cells, the researchers found in a study of 34 breast cancer patients that levels of circulating vitamin D were inversely correlated with the expression levels of ID1 protein in their tumors, and they confirmed that a vitamin D metabolite directly controls the expression of the ID1 gene in a human breast cancer cell line.

Our results indicate that loss of vitamin D/VDR signaling is sufficient to convert the cells from nonmetastatic to metastatic. These studies revealed Id1 as significantly up-regulated in both the tumors that developed in vitamin D-deficient mice and the VDR KD cells, suggesting that Id1 is repressed by VDR signaling in BCa. This 'hit' was of particular interest because of the role of Id1 in BCa progression and most intriguing because calcitriol was found to induce, rather than repress, ID1 expression in a colon carcinoma cell line .

[2.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

news

http://www.science20.com/news_articles/vitamin_d_deficiency_contributes_to_spread_of_breast_cancer_in_mice_stanford_study_finds-167109

10.2337/db13-1600

Biology_96

"But neurons in the hindbrain continue to respond to fast onset hypoglycemia even in the absence of peripheral sensors."

For example, central glycemia may serve as a reference for integrative elements of the brain against which peripheral glycemic input is measured to establish appropriate CRRs.

"This clearly shows that the brain can't detect hypoglycemia under most physiological conditions unless it has this peripheral input," Donovan said. "But neurons in the hindbrain continue to respond to fast onset hypoglycemia even in the absence of peripheral sensors." The researchers also confirmed that the spinal cord is the actual physical route by which information from the portal vein travels to the hindbrain, overturning the previous belief that it was transmitted via the vagus nerve.

Alternatively, central glucose sensors may serve a synergistic and equally important role with peripheral glucose sensors in responding to hypoglycemia. For example, central glycemia may serve as a reference for integrative elements of the brain against which peripheral glycemic input is measured to establish appropriate CRRs. In this capacity, central glucose sensors might also act primarily to suppress CRRs once euglycemia is reestablished following a hypoglycemic event.

[4.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0]

Biology

train

news

http://www.healthcanal.com/metabolic-problems/diabetes/49962-diabetes-detectives.html

10.1210/en.2015-2036

Biology_99

BF: I would like to emphasize that the questions we are looking at regarding vitamin D deficiency is distinct from the question of if extra vitamin D is beneficial.

However, treatment with high-dose vitamin D likely has pharmacological effects that are distinct from the pathophysiology of vitamin D deficiency.

My own opinion is a target level of 30-50 ng/mL is reasonable. BF: I would like to emphasize that the questions we are looking at regarding vitamin D deficiency is distinct from the question of if extra vitamin D is beneficial. Our data indicate that avoiding deficiency is likely a good thing but it does not necessarily follow that extra vitamin D is even better.

(Endocrinology 157: 0000 -0000, 2016) However, treatment with high-dose vitamin D likely has pharmacological effects that are distinct from the pathophysiology of vitamin D deficiency. Provocatively, low vitamin D levels are associated with worse prognostic indicators and outcomes in patients with BCa (9 -11) .

[4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

news

http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/1987536-vitamin-d-deficiency-promotes-breast-cancer-growth-in-mice/

10.1016/j.cub.2018.06.013

Biology_tweet_0

New @username paper showing that birds can learn socially to recognize heterospecific alarm calls by acoustic association with known alarm calls. DOI: @username @username @username @username

Our work demonstrates that wild birds can learn socially to recognize previously unfamiliar sounds as alarm calls.

New @username paper showing that birds can learn socially to recognize heterospecific alarm calls by acoustic association with known alarm calls. DOI: @username @username @username @username

Complementary studies of social learning in captivity would be useful in examining in detail the context in which different associations are formed. Our work demonstrates that wild birds can learn socially to recognize previously unfamiliar sounds as alarm calls. In our current experiment, learning could not be asocial because the unfamiliar sounds were never presented at the same time as predator models.

[5.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1025075966756958208

10.1038/s41467-018-06358-z

Biology_tweet_1

Just published in Nature: "...In any case, the burned area is robustly projected to increase. The higher the warming level is, the larger is the increase of burned area, ranging from ~40% to ~100% across the scenarios"

The higher the warming level is, the larger is the increase of burned area, ranging from~40% to~100% across the scenarios.

Just published in Nature: "...In any case, the burned area is robustly projected to increase. The higher the warming level is, the larger is the increase of burned area, ranging from ~40% to ~100% across the scenarios"

In any case, the burned area is robustly projected to increase. The higher the warming level is, the larger is the increase of burned area, ranging from~40% to~100% across the scenarios. Our results indicate that significant benefits would be obtained if warming were limited to well below 2°C.

[5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1047144638677700608

10.1038/s41467-018-05870-6

Biology_tweet_10

Regulation of energy metabolism by Ago2 provides a novel paradigm in which RNA silencing plays an integral role in determining basal metabolic activity in #obesity associated sequelae #NASH #diabetes

This study demonstrates that hepatic Ago2-mediated RNA silencing regulates energy expenditure during the course of obesity and its inactivation protects from obesity-associated glucose intolerance and hepatic steatosis in mice.

Regulation of energy metabolism by Ago2 provides a novel paradigm in which RNA silencing plays an integral role in determining basal metabolic activity in #obesity associated sequelae #NASH #diabetes

Upon loading of Ago proteins with mature miRNAs produced by the endoribonuclease Dicer 18 , RISC represses the expression of targeted mRNA through RNA silencing . This study demonstrates that hepatic Ago2-mediated RNA silencing regulates energy expenditure during the course of obesity and its inactivation protects from obesity-associated glucose intolerance and hepatic steatosis in mice. Importantly, we discover novel roles of Ago2 in orchestrating the expression of a subset of miRNAs, including miR-802, miR-103/107, and miR148a, and in the regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation linked to protein biosynthesis-mediated energy consumption.

[4.0, 4.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1039090256606310400

10.1073/pnas.1504869112

Biology_tweet_101

Lianas reduce tropical forest carbon accumulation and storage.. read all about it:

Lianas, per-unit biomass, have a much stronger competitive effect on trees than do other trees (3), and our findings appear to represent the unique effect of lianas on forest carbon dynamics and not merely the effect of biomass removal.

Lianas reduce tropical forest carbon accumulation and storage.. read all about it:

Because biomass dynamics of lianas are included in the whole-forest estimates, our findings corroborate earlier research that lianas themselves do not compensate for the loss in tree biomass that they cause . Lianas, per-unit biomass, have a much stronger competitive effect on trees than do other trees (3), and our findings appear to represent the unique effect of lianas on forest carbon dynamics and not merely the effect of biomass removal. This point is confirmed by our inclusion of lianas in the biomass calculations in the control plots.

[3.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

653902927493337088

10.3945/jn.113.188441

Biology_tweet_102

Avoid! Study reveals instant noodles consumption increases chance of heart disease, #diabetes &amp; stroke: #diet #health

The positive association between instant noodles and metabolic syndrome seen in younger, more active, and leaner women suggests that the hazards of instant noodles might not be overcome by the beneficial health effects of increased physical activity, weight loss, and young age.

Avoid! Study reveals instant noodles consumption increases chance of heart disease, #diabetes &amp; stroke: #diet #health

In our study, the association between instant noodles and metabolic syndrome differed significantly between genders, and there was no effect modification of this association by age, BMI, or physical activity. The positive association between instant noodles and metabolic syndrome seen in younger, more active, and leaner women suggests that the hazards of instant noodles might not be overcome by the beneficial health effects of increased physical activity, weight loss, and young age. Our study had several limitations.

[2.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

502704410107977728

10.1186/s40168-015-0071-z

Biology_tweet_103

A reason for colic in breast fed babies? RT @username: Mom's gene affects bifidobacteria in the breastfed infant gut

It may be that the deficit in bifidobacteria that nonsecretor-fed infants experience is due to the likelihood of acquiring a species of bifidobacteria with metabolic abilities appropriate for the type of milk being consumed.

A reason for colic in breast fed babies? RT @username: Mom's gene affects bifidobacteria in the breastfed infant gut

Understanding the mechanism behind these differences will prove crucial to potentially compensating for this problem, perhaps through carefully chosen prebiotics and/or probiotics. It may be that the deficit in bifidobacteria that nonsecretor-fed infants experience is due to the likelihood of acquiring a species of bifidobacteria with metabolic abilities appropriate for the type of milk being consumed. As modern hygiene standards and other cultural practices may lead to a reduction in the exposure levels to different bifidobacterial species, the phenomenon of the low bifidobacteria infant might be an artefact of developed countries.

[4.0, 2.0, 4.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

587636672117911553

10.3945/jn.113.188441

Biology_tweet_104

Noodles: Instant friend or fiend? New study shows link to distinct cardiometabolic risk factors, from Korean studies.

We found that the consumption of instant noodles was associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome and marginally associated with abdominal obesity, independent of the major dietary patterns, in women.

Noodles: Instant friend or fiend? New study shows link to distinct cardiometabolic risk factors, from Korean studies.

As shown in previous reports, a high intake of refined carbohydrates such as white rice is known to increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, therefore nullifying the possible association between the MP and hyperglycemia in our study. We found that the consumption of instant noodles was associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome and marginally associated with abdominal obesity, independent of the major dietary patterns, in women. Our findings suggest that instant noodle consumption alone might confer a higher cardiometabolic risk independent of overall dietary patterns.

[5.0, 5.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

501383761108672512

10.1126/sciadv.aat5107

Biology_tweet_107

Our hands on biology education kits are out @username! A fun and special collaboration between scientists and K-12 students and teachers. #synbio #STEMeducation #scienceoutreach @username @username

In sum, BioBits™ Bright represents a comprehensive set of educational resources for synthetic biology akin to the "chemistry set" that brought chemistry education to the masses and inspired generations of scientists.

Our hands on biology education kits are out @username! A fun and special collaboration between scientists and K-12 students and teachers. #synbio #STEMeducation #scienceoutreach @username @username

We also plan to launch a website where students can share their data and biological program designs with other users of these kits from around the world. In sum, BioBits™ Bright represents a comprehensive set of educational resources for synthetic biology akin to the "chemistry set" that brought chemistry education to the masses and inspired generations of scientists. This is made possible by our in-house freeze-dried reactions, which are two orders of magnitude more affordable than existing commercial cell-free kits, at just ~US$0.01 per microliter of reaction volume (table S3) compared to ~US$1 per microliter (Promega L110; NEB E6800S).

[2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 4.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1024733214362009601

10.1098/rstb.2015.0168

Biology_tweet_108

Our paper in PTRS, just published:Multiscale perspectives of fire, climate and humans in WNA and the Jemez Mtns, USA

Temperature-specific palaeoclimate reconstructions relevant to the south-west do show the early decades of the 1600s had relatively cool summers during this period of infrequent widespread fires in the Jemez Mountains.

Our paper in PTRS, just published:Multiscale perspectives of fire, climate and humans in WNA and the Jemez Mtns, USA

Although the SEA results support an interpretation of human interference with interannual climate-fire associations before 1680 CE, it is possible that longer-term climate patterns could have played some role in changing fire patterns. Temperature-specific palaeoclimate reconstructions relevant to the south-west do show the early decades of the 1600s had relatively cool summers during this period of infrequent widespread fires in the Jemez Mountains. However, decade to multi-decade temperature and fire trends in our rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org Phil.

[1.0, 3.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

735222896734310400

10.1073/pnas.1220333110

Biology_tweet_109

Alpha, beta &amp; gamma diversity all affect ecosystem multifunctionality

Thus, in addition to conserving important species, maintaining ecosystem multifunctionality will require diverse landscape mosaics of diverse communities.

Alpha, beta &amp; gamma diversity all affect ecosystem multifunctionality

Higher β diversity also reduced the variability in multifunctionality. Thus, in addition to conserving important species, maintaining ecosystem multifunctionality will require diverse landscape mosaics of diverse communities. The effects of individual species (3-5) and α diversity (6) also become stronger as more functions are considered simultaneously (ecosystem multifunctionality).

[3.0, 3.0, 4.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

342208126310817792

10.1098/rsos.171474

Biology_tweet_11

An #OpenScience study on 1000 British teenagers aged between 14 and 15 and their carers finds no evidence that playing violent video games leads to aggressive behaviour cc. @username @username

Results from these confirmatory analyses provided evidence that adolescents' recent violent video game play is not a statistically or practically significant correlate of their aggressive behaviour as judged by carers.

An #OpenScience study on 1000 British teenagers aged between 14 and 15 and their carers finds no evidence that playing violent video games leads to aggressive behaviour cc. @username @username

Keeping in mind the steps taken to ensure methodological rigour, the current results bear directly on the contentious literature surrounding games. Results from these confirmatory analyses provided evidence that adolescents' recent violent video game play is not a statistically or practically significant correlate of their aggressive behaviour as judged by carers. Preregistered sensitivity and exploratory analyses demonstrated this finding was consistent across three different operationalizations of violent game content and two ways of measuring key adolescent behaviours relating to aggressive and prosocial behaviours.

[5.0, 4.0, 5.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1095608563895074816

10.1007/s10336-017-1477-0

Biology_tweet_111

Our new paper - Taxonomic status of Liberian Greenbul - genetics suggests plumage variant of Icterine Greenbul

We therefore believe this fragment to represent part of the true mitochondrial ND2 of Liberian Greenbul.

Our new paper - Taxonomic status of Liberian Greenbul - genetics suggests plumage variant of Icterine Greenbul

The presumed nuND2 appears to be highly conserved: the two icterinus sequences isolated were identical, 1 bp different from the leucolepis allele, with a further 2 bp distance to albigularis. We therefore believe this fragment to represent part of the true mitochondrial ND2 of Liberian Greenbul. Based on a short fragment of sequence, many of the nodes in the tree have equivocal bootstrap support, and it does not represent a robust greenbul phylogeny.

[2.0, 4.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

885409579034718208

10.1073/pnas.1405000111

Biology_tweet_112

Very interesting paper reveals surprising evolutionary history of bird migration ...

Contrary to expectations, we found that long-distance migration primarily evolved through evolutionary shifts of geographic range south for the winter out of North America, as opposed to north for the summer.

Very interesting paper reveals surprising evolutionary history of bird migration ...

These results illuminate how the evolution of seasonal migration has contributed to greater niche conservatism among tropical members of this diverse avian radiation. Contrary to expectations, we found that long-distance migration primarily evolved through evolutionary shifts of geographic range south for the winter out of North America, as opposed to north for the summer. Our results further suggest that seasonal migration promoted colonization of the tropics from North America.

[4.0, 3.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

514381961385615360

10.1038/s41467-019-08382-z

Biology_tweet_113

Check this out! New paper from @username lab in @username! @username and co-workers have shed light on how the protein Hel2 recognises stalled ribosomes and triggers the quality control pathway. Read more at:

Western blot analyses showed that the truncated proteins were more abundant than wild-type Hel2 (~1.8-fold for Hel2 1-543 and~1.9fold for Hel2 ).

Check this out! New paper from @username lab in @username! @username and co-workers have shed light on how the protein Hel2 recognises stalled ribosomes and triggers the quality control pathway. Read more at:

6a ). Western blot analyses showed that the truncated proteins were more abundant than wild-type Hel2 (~1.8-fold for Hel2 1-543 and~1.9fold for Hel2 ). Both truncated proteins also purified more efficiently in the CRAC procedure (~1.5-2.1-fold more efficiently for Hel2 1-543 and~2.4-8.4-fold more efficiently for Hel2 1-492 ) as determined following tobacco etch virus (TEV) elution (Supplementary Fig.

[2.0, 3.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1093046579366383617

10.1016/j.immuni.2018.03.027

Biology_tweet_114

Controlling Germinal Center B cell Decisions | TFH interaction strength regulates GC re-entry vs PC differentiation | TomoKurosaki @username @username

These data support a model whereby commitment to the plasma cell begins in the GC and suggest that stability of Tfh-GC B cell contacts is key for plasma cell-prone GC cell formation.

Controlling Germinal Center B cell Decisions | TFH interaction strength regulates GC re-entry vs PC differentiation | TomoKurosaki @username @username

hi CD69 hi cells, thereby affording more stable T follicular helper (Tfh)-GC B cell contacts. These data support a model whereby commitment to the plasma cell begins in the GC and suggest that stability of Tfh-GC B cell contacts is key for plasma cell-prone GC cell formation. Higher expression of ICAM-1 and SLAM in those cells facilitates more stable contacts with Tfh cells, suggesting that strength of Tfh-GC B cell interaction critically regulates formation of plasma cell precursors.

[3.0, 3.0, 1.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

986801572331053056

10.1126/science.aam7470

Biology_tweet_115

Chronic neonicotinoid exposure reduces #honeybee health near corn. Nice work @username @username @username

However, in the absence of seasonlong data, it is impossible to rule out that honey bees are also chronically exposed to sublethal levels of NNIs after planting.

Chronic neonicotinoid exposure reduces #honeybee health near corn. Nice work @username @username @username

The timing of honey bee deaths in Ontario, Québec, and Indiana, along with the presence of NNI residues in dead bees and hives in the spring (11, , suggested that NNI-contaminated dust generated during seeding was the main route of acute exposure ( . However, in the absence of seasonlong data, it is impossible to rule out that honey bees are also chronically exposed to sublethal levels of NNIs after planting. We detected 26 different agrochemicals that included miticides, fungicides, herbicides, NNIs, and other insecticides (tables S1 and S5).

[1.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

880487738293833728

10.1111/gcb.13876

Biology_tweet_116

Stopping #deforestation and letting harvested forests grow could remove 120bn tons of #CO2 by 2100 @username

Accounting for these delayed emissions, the net sink for carbon (declining emissions and declining rates of forest re-growth) was greatest immediately after harvests ceased and declined as regrowing forests aged.

Stopping #deforestation and letting harvested forests grow could remove 120bn tons of #CO2 by 2100 @username

Putting the tropical and temperate zone and boreal forests together, yielded a global gross sink (2006) (2007) (2008) (2009) (2010) (2011) (2012) (2013) (2014) (2015) of 4.4 PgC/year (Table 3) . Accounting for these delayed emissions, the net sink for carbon (declining emissions and declining rates of forest re-growth) was greatest immediately after harvests ceased and declined as regrowing forests aged. The net global carbon sink obtainable if deforestation and harvests were stopped would be À34 PgC by 2100 (15 + 19).

[4.0, 5.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

899963498612088833

10.1038/s41586-018-0189-9

Biology_tweet_117

A bit of a change to the pathology here! @username et al have just published a massive european study in nature on 'Enviroment and host as large-scale controls of ectomycorrhizal fungi'. It's worth a look! Congratulations!

We conclude that environmental and host factors explain most of the variation in ectomycorrhizal diversity, that the environmental thresholds used as major ecosystem assessment tools need adjustment and that the importance of belowground specificity and plasticity has previously been underappreciated.

A bit of a change to the pathology here! @username et al have just published a massive european study in nature on 'Enviroment and host as large-scale controls of ectomycorrhizal fungi'. It's worth a look! Congratulations!

We quantify host specificity and reveal plasticity in functional traits involved in soil foraging across gradients. We conclude that environmental and host factors explain most of the variation in ectomycorrhizal diversity, that the environmental thresholds used as major ecosystem assessment tools need adjustment and that the importance of belowground specificity and plasticity has previously been underappreciated. However, determinants of ectomycorrhizal diversity at local scales are not necessarily their primary drivers at larger scales 17 , and ectomycorrhizal communities are often dominated by hardly culturable and non-fruiting or inconspicuously fruiting fungi 18 .

[3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 5.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1004411550348791808

10.1038/s41467-018-05396-x

Biology_tweet_118

Check out this paper discussing "Block copolymer #crystalsomes with an ultrathin shell to extend #blood circulation time" with the help of #AFM experiments!

The ultra-long circulation time of the 7-day crystallized BCCs arises from the high crystallinity and uniform crystalline chain packing on the curved BCC shells which minimize defect formation in the crystals.

Check out this paper discussing "Block copolymer #crystalsomes with an ultrathin shell to extend #blood circulation time" with the help of #AFM experiments!

Combining all these results, we can conclude that there is a close correlation between the BCC crystallinity and the blood circulation time, shown in Fig. The ultra-long circulation time of the 7-day crystallized BCCs arises from the high crystallinity and uniform crystalline chain packing on the curved BCC shells which minimize defect formation in the crystals. In 3-day, 5-day crystallized BCCs and the previously reported polymersome cases, relatively poorly controlled crystals lead to defect-rich particles, which may be prone to disassembly under blood flow.

[3.0, 3.0, 1.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1063084209894383616

10.1016/j.celrep.2014.05.027

Biology_tweet_119

@username paper: neurons transplanted into #Parkinson’s-affected brains appear healthy after 14 years #OA Week

A general assessment of the integrity of the grafted TH-immunoreactive neurons in all patients revealed cells with a healthy appearance, including a robust cell soma and absence of signs of atrophy ( Figures 1A-1C , 1F-1H, 1K-1M, and 1P-1R).

@username paper: neurons transplanted into #Parkinson’s-affected brains appear healthy after 14 years #OA Week

Postmortem examinations demonstrated that grafted dopaminergic neurons survived for up to 14 years posttransplantation. A general assessment of the integrity of the grafted TH-immunoreactive neurons in all patients revealed cells with a healthy appearance, including a robust cell soma and absence of signs of atrophy ( Figures 1A-1C , 1F-1H, 1K-1M, and 1P-1R). In two independent patients at 4 years posttransplantation ( Figures 1A-1J ), an examination of DAT/TH immunostaining at low magnification (Figures 1A and 1F) showed dense DAT and TH expression in the reinnervated putamen and caudate in areas both near to and farther away from the graft.

[1.0, 5.0, 1.0]

Biology

train

tweets

525679687767703552

10.1038/s41556-018-0178-0

Biology_tweet_12

BAP1 mutations are seen in #leukemia, #mesothelioma, #cholangiocarcinoma, uveal #melanoma &amp; renal cancer. Boyi Gan from @username has shown how BAP1 suppresses tumor formation through inhibition of SLC7A11 transporter &amp; elevated ferroptosis.

Furthermore, we show that BAP1 inhibits tumour development partly through SLC7A11 and ferroptosis, and that cancer-associated BAP1 mutants lose their abilities to repress SLC7A11 and to promote ferroptosis.

BAP1 mutations are seen in #leukemia, #mesothelioma, #cholangiocarcinoma, uveal #melanoma &amp; renal cancer. Boyi Gan from @username has shown how BAP1 suppresses tumor formation through inhibition of SLC7A11 transporter &amp; elevated ferroptosis.

Here, integrated transcriptomic, epigenomic and cancer genomic analyses link BAP1 to metabolismrelated biological processes, and identify cystine transporter SLC7A11 as a key BAP1 target gene in human cancers. Furthermore, we show that BAP1 inhibits tumour development partly through SLC7A11 and ferroptosis, and that cancer-associated BAP1 mutants lose their abilities to repress SLC7A11 and to promote ferroptosis. Together, our results uncover a previously unappreciated epigenetic mechanism coupling ferroptosis to tumour suppression.

[3.0, 5.0, 3.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1039278544168333312

10.1038/s41568-018-0020-9

Biology_tweet_120

Why have inhibitors of heat shock proteins so far failed? Gabriela Chiosis &amp; colleagues provide their perspective on why &amp; suggest how we can better develop and implement drugs targeting the chaperome to treat cancer.

Ultimately, then, classical approaches to drug discovery are inappropriate when one targets the chaperome.

Why have inhibitors of heat shock proteins so far failed? Gabriela Chiosis &amp; colleagues provide their perspective on why &amp; suggest how we can better develop and implement drugs targeting the chaperome to treat cancer.

This realization has implications for the development of chaperome inhibitors and emphasizes the importance of considering factors such as the residence time, pharmacokinetics (PKs) and pharmacodynamics (PDs) to fully appreciate the distinctions between HSP90 agents 145 (Box 4). Ultimately, then, classical approaches to drug discovery are inappropriate when one targets the chaperome. Instead, attention must be paid during drug development to the ability of the compound to modulate relevant, disease-specific chaperome species.

[2.0, 4.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

999647430932156416

10.1038/s41467-019-08895-7

Biology_tweet_121

Myocardial microRNA exosome messengers talk to the bone marrow

These observations are compelling, as circulating myo-miRs are not only a bio-marker, but also a functional constituent of the intricate crosstalk between ischemic heart and the remote BM organ.

Myocardial microRNA exosome messengers talk to the bone marrow

Our work reveals that exosomes released from the ischemic heart are in fact mediating the systemic response of BM PCs to the site of injury. These observations are compelling, as circulating myo-miRs are not only a bio-marker, but also a functional constituent of the intricate crosstalk between ischemic heart and the remote BM organ. In this study we found exosomes mediate transfer of myo-miRs to BM.

[4.0, 4.0, 5.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1100714842296586240

10.1038/s41467-018-07557-4

Biology_tweet_122

New article in Nature Communications shows that melting permafrost due to #ClimateChange is a real risk in the #Arctic and that 1 million people in the global North live in high risk areas, especially in Russia, Canada and Alaska

However, I s does not include information on permafrost thaw or other potential hazard-inducing factors and in our study, I s was based on relatively coarse-scaled GIC data.

New article in Nature Communications shows that melting permafrost due to #ClimateChange is a real risk in the #Arctic and that 1 million people in the global North live in high risk areas, especially in Russia, Canada and Alaska

The value of I a ranged from 1.0 (lowest hazard potential) to 3.0 (highest hazard potential). However, I s does not include information on permafrost thaw or other potential hazard-inducing factors and in our study, I s was based on relatively coarse-scaled GIC data. In contrast, I a considers different affecting factors and introduces case-specific expert knowledge into the process but represents a relatively complex and subjective approach in the development of an index for infrastructure hazard assessment.

[4.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1073214749998047233

10.1111/ele.12889

Biology_tweet_123

Decreased forest regeneration over the last 15 years suggests forests are in a precarious position

The proportion of dry forest sites with seedling densities exceeding recruitment thresholds was also lower after 21st-century wildfires, declining from 49% (in sites that burned prior to 2000) to 30% (in sites burned since 2000; v 2 = 14.3, P = 0.0002).

Decreased forest regeneration over the last 15 years suggests forests are in a precarious position

2, v 2 = 8.5, P = 0.004). The proportion of dry forest sites with seedling densities exceeding recruitment thresholds was also lower after 21st-century wildfires, declining from 49% (in sites that burned prior to 2000) to 30% (in sites burned since 2000; v 2 = 14.3, P = 0.0002). Moist forest types exhibited a similar decline in regeneration (v 2 > 7.5, P < 0.01), but the proportion of sites with seedlings or densities exceeding recruitment thresholds was greater than 65% in both time periods, declining from 91 to 65%.

[4.0, 4.0, 1.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

940926112766537728

10.1111/ecog.03303

Biology_tweet_124

Felids face continued threat from declining prey richness #rewilding #megafauna #biodiversity

A significant positive correlation was recorded between the number of prey species lost and the number of large-felid species lost from a cell.

Felids face continued threat from declining prey richness #rewilding #megafauna #biodiversity

In total, 86% of cells recorded at least one additional felid species in our present-natural counterfactual, and up to 4-5 more large-felid species in 10% of the cells. A significant positive correlation was recorded between the number of prey species lost and the number of large-felid species lost from a cell. Our results draw attention to the continuation of a trend of megafauna decline that began with the emergence of hominins in the Pleistocene.

[5.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0, 5.0]

Biology

train

tweets

852118059770941440

10.1016/j.cell.2013.09.058

Biology_tweet_125

A new mechanism of obesity and T2D that appears to be reversible by metformin

We identified multiple rare variants in KSR2 that disrupt signaling through the Raf-MEK-ERK pathway and impair cellular fatty acid oxidation and glucose oxidation in transfected cells; effects that can be ameliorated by the commonly prescribed antidiabetic drug, metformin.

A new mechanism of obesity and T2D that appears to be reversible by metformin

Targeted deletion of Ksr2 leads to obesity in mice, suggesting a role in energy homeostasis. We identified multiple rare variants in KSR2 that disrupt signaling through the Raf-MEK-ERK pathway and impair cellular fatty acid oxidation and glucose oxidation in transfected cells; effects that can be ameliorated by the commonly prescribed antidiabetic drug, metformin. These data establish KSR2 as an important regulator of energy intake, energy expenditure, and substrate utilization in humans.

[5.0, 3.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

394460685750398976

10.1038/s41467-018-05738-9

Biology_tweet_126

Scientist Katey Walter Anthony has a new article in Nature on carbon emissions and lake thaw:

We acknowledge that present-day emissions associated with abrupt thaw may be conservative since gross lake-area increases in some regions are higher (e.g., > 50% in Quebec 85 and > 23% in West Siberia 86 ), potentially due to hydrological changes in addition to permafrost thaw.

Scientist Katey Walter Anthony has a new article in Nature on carbon emissions and lake thaw:

This range of gross lake expansion is comparable to our observation of gross lake-area increase in northern and western Alaska (i.e., 1999-2014, 1.1-1.7% gross lake area increase upscaled to 5-7% assuming similar expansion/formation rates over the past 60 years; Supplementary Table 3, Fig. We acknowledge that present-day emissions associated with abrupt thaw may be conservative since gross lake-area increases in some regions are higher (e.g., > 50% in Quebec 85 and > 23% in West Siberia 86 ), potentially due to hydrological changes in addition to permafrost thaw. The formation/expansion of new thermokarst-lake areas and subsequent sublake talik growth is not the only mechanism of abrupt permafrost degradation making newly thawed permafrost carbon available for microbial decomposition.

[2.0, 3.0, 2.0, 5.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1030179932117204993

10.1021/cb4008953

Biology_tweet_127

Med Chem Malaria Paper of the Day: ACS Chem Biol ChEMBL Score: 8.52 #medchem #antimalarial #chembl #malaria_data

This highlights the potential for devising new antimalarial therapies that exploit inherent weaknesses in a key resistance mechanism of P. falciparum.

Med Chem Malaria Paper of the Day: ACS Chem Biol ChEMBL Score: 8.52 #medchem #antimalarial #chembl #malaria_data

Moreover, the additional parasiticidal effect exerted by 1 and 6 in the drug-resistant parasites was attributable, at least in part, to their ability to inhibit PfCRT CQR . This highlights the potential for devising new antimalarial therapies that exploit inherent weaknesses in a key resistance mechanism of P. falciparum. This phenomenon is thought to be due to an increase in the efflux of the drug from the DV, a decrease in its uptake into the DV, or a combination of both.

[5.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0]

Biology

train

tweets

438659714285830144

10.1038/s41467-018-08278-4

Biology_tweet_128

Proteins regenerate amputated limbs 😍 Making joints is tough - even animals that regrow limbs can rarely regrow joints. These amputations treated w/ two sequential proteins grew bone &amp; joints 🙌 Read #health #medicine #science #amputation #regeneration

Chondrogenic genes are not expressed by cells of the amputation wound in BSA-treated control digits ( Fig.

Proteins regenerate amputated limbs 😍 Making joints is tough - even animals that regrow limbs can rarely regrow joints. These amputations treated w/ two sequential proteins grew bone &amp; joints 🙌 Read #health #medicine #science #amputation #regeneration

1l) , but not by cells of the BSA-treated digits ( Supplementary Fig. Chondrogenic genes are not expressed by cells of the amputation wound in BSA-treated control digits ( Fig. In BMP9-treated non-cavity-forming digits, we find transcripts of Col2a1, Sox9, Acan, Fmod and Ucma up-regulated at the distal end of the stump (Fig.

[1.0, 1.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1093972240092282880

10.1073/pnas.1420105111

Biology_tweet_129

Innovative approach improves #aptamer efficacy in #cancer treatment- hybridize photo-labile oligonucleotide @username

Our strategy may provide an approach to improving the therapeutic indices of aptamer-based medicines.

Innovative approach improves #aptamer efficacy in #cancer treatment- hybridize photo-labile oligonucleotide @username

Furthermore, the relative distribution of the aptamer to the tumor was enhanced in relation to uptake by the liver and kidneys. Our strategy may provide an approach to improving the therapeutic indices of aptamer-based medicines. (Fig.

[4.0, 5.0, 2.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

534642529950371841

10.1186/s40168-015-0071-z

Biology_tweet_13

Infants whose mothers have reduced breast milk oligosaccharides develop bifidobacteria-laden microbiota later

A broader range of bifidobacterial species were positively correlated with the amounts of overall bifidobacteria within secretor-fed infants than non-secretor-fed infants, suggesting that the presence of 2′-fucosylated sugars allows a broader array of bifidobacterial species to colonize the gut environment.

Infants whose mothers have reduced breast milk oligosaccharides develop bifidobacteria-laden microbiota later

However, there was a large difference in which species of bifidobacteria thrived in each group of infants (defined as a species whose presence tended to lead to domination of the microbiota by bifidobacteria). A broader range of bifidobacterial species were positively correlated with the amounts of overall bifidobacteria within secretor-fed infants than non-secretor-fed infants, suggesting that the presence of 2′-fucosylated sugars allows a broader array of bifidobacterial species to colonize the gut environment. According to our fecal isolate data, bifidobacteria that can grow on 2′-fucosylated substrates are relatively uncommon, but represent a larger proportion of total bifidobacteria in secretor-fed infants, suggesting that this substrate is related to the competitive fitness of these strains.

[4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

589260682006138880

10.1038/nature12167

Biology_tweet_131

RT @username: first ever class F GPCR structure: human SMO receptor with antagonist

Moreover, the SMO receptor can couple to G proteins, particularly G i , which inhibits cAMP production, controlling cell migration .

RT @username: first ever class F GPCR structure: human SMO receptor with antagonist

The 7TM domains of SMO and FZD receptors are reminiscent of class A GPCRs 12 although their sequences are distinct from other GPCRs, sharing less than 10% sequence identity. Moreover, the SMO receptor can couple to G proteins, particularly G i , which inhibits cAMP production, controlling cell migration . 1 ) reveals a canonical GPCR 7TM bundle fold with a short helix VIII packed parallel to the membrane bilayer.

[4.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0]

Biology

train

tweets

329683182381314049

10.1038/s41467-018-05870-6

Biology_tweet_132

New findings from Takahisa Nakamura, PhD: Deleting a key protein from the livers of mice helped stave off #obesity, preventing both #diabetes and #fattyliverdisease. #CincyKidsScience. Read the study:

These Ago2-mediated molecular events may solve the paradox of protein biosynthesis in the obese liver, demonstrate a new mechanism in the regulation of basal metabolic activity, and provide a novel therapeutic target for metabolic diseases.

New findings from Takahisa Nakamura, PhD: Deleting a key protein from the livers of mice helped stave off #obesity, preventing both #diabetes and #fattyliverdisease. #CincyKidsScience. Read the study:

This condition can amplify activation of AMPK and its substrates ULK1, MFF, and Pgc1α, leading to improved mitochondrial capacity and quality, which in turn generates sufficient energy for protein biosynthesis. These Ago2-mediated molecular events may solve the paradox of protein biosynthesis in the obese liver, demonstrate a new mechanism in the regulation of basal metabolic activity, and provide a novel therapeutic target for metabolic diseases. In conclusion, our results highlight that Ago2 uniquely regulates energy production and consumption in the liver, and suggest hepatic Ago2-mediated RNA silencing is a key regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism during the pathogenesis of obesity.

[2.0, 4.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1039138905902202880

10.1038/s41467-018-07557-4

Biology_tweet_133

Our brand new research highlights the risks of #permafrost thaw on #Arctic #infrastucture I'll present the permafrost #modeling and #geohazard assessments tomorrow morning in #AGU18 at session GC31B. @username @username @username

Moreover, we were able to quantify and show the magnitude of infrastructure at risk across the circumpolar permafrost domain.

Our brand new research highlights the risks of #permafrost thaw on #Arctic #infrastucture I'll present the permafrost #modeling and #geohazard assessments tomorrow morning in #AGU18 at session GC31B. @username @username @username

Consequently, detailed hazard maps and geospatial data-based computations, such as those presented here, are of importance to enable planners and policymakers to identify both high-and low hazard areas when planning future infrastructure at urban and settlement scales 33 . Moreover, we were able to quantify and show the magnitude of infrastructure at risk across the circumpolar permafrost domain. The major advantage of the approach presented here is that hazard quantification can be conducted with any available infrastructure or population dataset (also using planned infrastructure and future population if suitable high-quality datasets and projections are available) and for any policy-relevant global warming scenario.

[3.0, 5.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1072537852179832833

10.1186/gb-2013-14-7-r73

Biology_tweet_134

So you think you know about lincRNAs? But what about vlincRNAs? includes Helicos sequencing! #transcriptome #genomics

Of 2,285 vlincRNAs found in cancerous or immortalized cells/tissues, 1,088 (47.7%) occurred in the non-cancerous cell lines or blood.

So you think you know about lincRNAs? But what about vlincRNAs? includes Helicos sequencing! #transcriptome #genomics

A complex normal human tissue, blood, revealed expression of 613 vlincRNAs, of which 331 (p-value 2.03 × 10 -49 ) overlap ENCODE vlincRNAs. Of 2,285 vlincRNAs found in cancerous or immortalized cells/tissues, 1,088 (47.7%) occurred in the non-cancerous cell lines or blood. While cancerous cells have highlyrearranged genomes and, in theory, could produce non-functional vlincRNA transcripts that reflect those re-arrangements, this argument cannot be made about the Figure S1 .

[2.0, 4.0, 2.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

359668435149520896

10.1111/gcb.13276

Biology_tweet_135

Starting a little late on #365papers, heres number 1: Swain et al 16, Coral bleaching response index...

Differential bleaching among corals was widely variable (mean taxon-BRI = 25.06 AE 18.44%, AESE).

Starting a little late on #365papers, heres number 1: Swain et al 16, Coral bleaching response index...

Differential bleaching among corals was widely variable (mean taxon-BRI = 25.06 AE 18.44%, AESE). We found that both extrinsic and intrinsic factors have comparable influence within a given site and event (60% and 40% of bleaching response variance of all records explained, respectively). However, when responses of individual taxa are averaged across sites to obtain taxon-BRI, differential response was primarily driven by intrinsic differences among taxa (65% of taxon-BRI variance explained), not conditions across sites (6% explained), nor measurement uncertainty (29% explained).

[1.0, 4.0, 1.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

817132227951816705

10.1098/rsos.180695

Biology_tweet_136

researchers report people set their home thermostats in the USA in ways..."most similar in climate to the outdoor conditions of west central Kenya" (N = 37, lead author's last name is "Just"...is this a Dr Just-so story?)

This literature suggests that the many ways in which the climate people prefer for their homes might be modulated and why.

researchers report people set their home thermostats in the USA in ways..."most similar in climate to the outdoor conditions of west central Kenya" (N = 37, lead author's last name is "Just"...is this a Dr Just-so story?)

Thermal comfort can be influenced by culture , by wind speed and humidity [27 -30] and mean radiant temperature . This literature suggests that the many ways in which the climate people prefer for their homes might be modulated and why. But what these do not change is the reality that thermal comfort itself, evolved.

[4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 1.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1108704958982078464

10.1186/s13059-018-1434-0

Biology_tweet_137

Negative selection in cancer, after all...and it's also the immune system! Great work by @username @username and colleagues out in @username

We present evidence for extensive negative selection over somatic point mutations in cancer exomes.

Negative selection in cancer, after all...and it's also the immune system! Great work by @username @username and colleagues out in @username

These studies help to shed light upon the mechanisms underlying immune evasion and provide insights for improving cancer immunotherapies in the future. We present evidence for extensive negative selection over somatic point mutations in cancer exomes. We exploited a large cancer exome dataset based on 26 tumor types and uncovered a set of 25 genes under negative selection (cancer-essential) and a set of 14 genes under positive selection (cancer drivers).

[4.0, 5.0, 5.0, 4.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1002465950120251392

10.1073/pnas.1620079114

Biology_tweet_138

Erythritol is associated with gains in body weight &amp; fat; also, it isn't just a dietary sweetener, bodies make it

However, the consistency of the erythritol results in both the central adiposity and usual glycemia comparisons lends strength to the findings, and the cluster of metabolites has biological plausibility.

Erythritol is associated with gains in body weight &amp; fat; also, it isn't just a dietary sweetener, bodies make it

The FDR-corrected statistical tests presented herein are not as robust as tests that account for both biological and technical variation . However, the consistency of the erythritol results in both the central adiposity and usual glycemia comparisons lends strength to the findings, and the cluster of metabolites has biological plausibility. This pool-based study delivers two unique results about metabolite abundance related to a one-time measurement of glycemia and longitudinal increase in central adiposity.

[3.0, 4.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

861694155268993026

10.1038/s41598-018-21058-w

Biology_tweet_14

Can Far-UVC light help control the spread of airborne-mediated microbial diseases? We test how well our 222-nm technology works on airborne #viruses in our latest publication found on @username (its open access!) #Flu2018 #flu

If these results are confirmed in other scenarios, it follows that the use of overhead low-level far-UVC light in public locations may represent a safe and efficient methodology for limiting the transmission and spread of airborne-mediated microbial diseases such as influenza and tuberculosis.

Can Far-UVC light help control the spread of airborne-mediated microbial diseases? We test how well our 222-nm technology works on airborne #viruses in our latest publication found on @username (its open access!) #Flu2018 #flu

However as discussed above, based on biophysical considerations and in contrast to the known human health safety issues associated with conventional germicidal 254-nm broad-spectrum UVC light, far-UVC light does not appear to be cytotoxic to exposed human cells and tissues in vitro or in vivo . If these results are confirmed in other scenarios, it follows that the use of overhead low-level far-UVC light in public locations may represent a safe and efficient methodology for limiting the transmission and spread of airborne-mediated microbial diseases such as influenza and tuberculosis. This results in blocking more than 95% of the UV radiation exiting the UVGI fixture, with substantial decrease in effectiveness 24 .

[4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

961986502103392256

10.1073/pnas.1318978111

Biology_tweet_140

Female fertility: What's testosterone got to do with it? The paper:

Finally, we report that low doses of exogenous androgens enhance gonadotropin-induced ovulation in mice, further demonstrating the critical role that androgens play in follicular development and fertility.

Female fertility: What's testosterone got to do with it? The paper:

Interestingly, we find that the scaffold molecule paxillin regulates both processes, making it a critical regulator of AR actions in the ovary. Finally, we report that low doses of exogenous androgens enhance gonadotropin-induced ovulation in mice, further demonstrating the critical role that androgens play in follicular development and fertility. These data may explain reported positive effects of androgens on ovulation rates in women with diminished ovarian reserve.

[3.0, 4.0, 3.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

441145516475162625

10.1038/s41396-018-0222-x

Biology_tweet_141

Microbial community structure predicted by the stable marriage problem. (arXiv:1712.06042v1 [q-bio.PE]) Experimental

That is to say, given its microbial partners, there is no need for a microbe to retain metabolic pathways utilizing nutrients which it never gets to use in any of the "stable marriages".

Microbial community structure predicted by the stable marriage problem. (arXiv:1712.06042v1 [q-bio.PE]) Experimental

An intriguing possibility is that the evolutionary trajectory of each species may be shaped by its partners in the SMP. That is to say, given its microbial partners, there is no need for a microbe to retain metabolic pathways utilizing nutrients which it never gets to use in any of the "stable marriages". Over evolutionary time, such unused pathways would be dropped from its genome.

[3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

942937962928422917

10.1002/etc.2793

Biology_tweet_142

Metformin, a common antidiabetic drug, acts as endocrine disrupter in fish (Env. Tox. Chem. paywall, sorry)

Metformin was below the limit of detection in control samples and was found at 41 AE 8 mg/L in treatment samples.

Metformin, a common antidiabetic drug, acts as endocrine disrupter in fish (Env. Tox. Chem. paywall, sorry)

The link between insulin signaling and steroidogenesis indicates the potential for antidiabetic drugs including metformin to act as endocrine disruptors. Metformin was below the limit of detection in control samples and was found at 41 AE 8 mg/L in treatment samples. No differences in expression were found in the liver between treatment or sex for the metabolic genes GK (2-way ANOVA:

[2.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

593297064592863233

10.1038/ncomms4406

Biology_tweet_143

BELGIUM: Fullerene-free organic solar cells reaches 8.4% efficiency through multilayer cascade structures

However, the small absorption overlap with the solar spectrum limits the photocurrent generation in fullerene acceptors.

BELGIUM: Fullerene-free organic solar cells reaches 8.4% efficiency through multilayer cascade structures

These results confirm that multilayer cascade structures are a promising alternative to conventional donor-fullerene organic solar cells. However, the small absorption overlap with the solar spectrum limits the photocurrent generation in fullerene acceptors. 17) , which is comparable to the best bilayer SubPc/C 60 cells reported in the literature 19 .

[2.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

443419835804827648

10.1038/s41467-018-06157-6

Biology_tweet_145

The paper is out! Figures that show #geographic #climatic #phylogenetic patterns of #amphibian species richness in the #US. An awesome #groupeffort thanks to USGS_ARMI and lead author @username. #Scientists spent a week @username.

While we demonstrate that amphibian communities are sensitive to changes in climate, our results suggest that changing climate is not the proximate cause for ongoing assemblage-wide declines that have been observed in North American amphibians.

The paper is out! Figures that show #geographic #climatic #phylogenetic patterns of #amphibian species richness in the #US. An awesome #groupeffort thanks to USGS_ARMI and lead author @username. #Scientists spent a week @username.

For example, we found that summer drought has the strongest impact in warm and dry regions, decreased snowfall has a smaller effect in eastern compared to western North America, and winter warming is predicted to decrease species richness for all species groups except tree frogs. While we demonstrate that amphibian communities are sensitive to changes in climate, our results suggest that changing climate is not the proximate cause for ongoing assemblage-wide declines that have been observed in North American amphibians. Instead, we find that recent change in climate is a strong predictor of why local species richness is declining more quickly in some regions and that positive effects of climate may be buffering declines in other regions.

[3.0, 3.0, 2.0, 5.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1044950968985636864

10.1016/j.devcel.2014.11.012

Biology_tweet_146

Senescent cells accelerate wound closure via PDGF-AA secretion from Campisi&amp;co of @username

Notably, senescent cells were present only transiently during tissue repair, in contrast to the persistent presence of senescent cells in aged or chronically damaged tissues.

Senescent cells accelerate wound closure via PDGF-AA secretion from Campisi&amp;co of @username

In contrast to the well-documented deleterious effects of senescent cells and the SASP, the results presented here unambiguously demonstrate a positive role for senescent cells and the SASP in tissue repair. Notably, senescent cells were present only transiently during tissue repair, in contrast to the persistent presence of senescent cells in aged or chronically damaged tissues. Moreover, PDGF-A was induced very early upon senescence induction in cell culture, suggesting the time-dependent regulation of SASP factors might in part explain the beneficial versus deleterious effects of senescent cells.

[2.0, 4.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

543089204616785920

10.1038/ncomms7310

Biology_tweet_147

Again our researchers create impact in photonics via @username . Frequency combs in a silcon nanophotonic wire.

Silicon nanophotonic wire waveguides can be engineered 17 within a nanometre precision in a standard CMOS facility.

Again our researchers create impact in photonics via @username . Frequency combs in a silcon nanophotonic wire.

This aberration increases the conversion of parasitic processes significantly 12 and makes modelling difficult. Silicon nanophotonic wire waveguides can be engineered 17 within a nanometre precision in a standard CMOS facility. Such waveguides offer many advantages for mid-infrared nonlinear optics, mostly related to the wide transparency range of silicon (1.1-8 mm), its high nonlinear refractive index, the possibility of precise dispersion engineering of the waveguide platforms and the high refractive index contrast between the silicon waveguide core and the cladding material (typically, SiO 2 or air), which allows for densely integrated waveguide systems with a nonlinear parameter one to two orders of magnitude higher than that possible in the chalcogenide or silicon nitride systems.

[3.0, 3.0, 4.0, 1.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

569786392999563264

10.1038/s41467-019-10373-z

Biology_tweet_15

In our latest article, just out in @username we found that &lt;0.1% of fungi, mostly belonging to Ascomycota, dominate soils globally. We mapped their global distribution and found that contain multiple genes related to stress-tolerance &amp; resource uptake

Whole-genome comparisons with less dominant, generalist fungi point at a significantly higher number of genes related to stress-tolerance and resource uptake in the dominant fungi, suggesting that they might be better in colonising a wide range of environments.

In our latest article, just out in @username we found that &lt;0.1% of fungi, mostly belonging to Ascomycota, dominate soils globally. We mapped their global distribution and found that contain multiple genes related to stress-tolerance &amp; resource uptake

Our findings indicate that 83 phylotypes (<0.1% of the retrieved fungi), mostly belonging to wind dispersed, generalist Ascomycota, dominate soils globally. Whole-genome comparisons with less dominant, generalist fungi point at a significantly higher number of genes related to stress-tolerance and resource uptake in the dominant fungi, suggesting that they might be better in colonising a wide range of environments. Our findings constitute a major advance in our understanding of the ecology of fungi, and have implications for the development of strategies to preserve them and the ecosystem functions they provide.

[3.0, 4.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1134024517695758336

10.1210/en.2015-2036

Biology_tweet_150

Of mice and women. Vitamin D suppls inhibits tumour-gene Id1 in breast cancer, slows growth. Deficiency accelerates

We also discovered that, although circulating 25(OH)D has many systemic effects (1), a critical mechanism for vitamin D signaling to inhibit BCa progression is a tumor autonomous activity that suppresses Id1 expression.

Of mice and women. Vitamin D suppls inhibits tumour-gene Id1 in breast cancer, slows growth. Deficiency accelerates

Further, we discovered that attenuated vitamin D signaling due to Vdr ablation enhances tumor progression and, importantly, is sufficient to enable metastases, which are the primary cause of treatment failure and death for patients with BCa. We also discovered that, although circulating 25(OH)D has many systemic effects (1), a critical mechanism for vitamin D signaling to inhibit BCa progression is a tumor autonomous activity that suppresses Id1 expression. Interestingly, Sherman et al found a tumor cell nonautonomous mechanism for VDR signaling to inhibit pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression and Fernandez-Garcia et al found that calcitriol induces, rather than inhibits, Id1 expression in a colon carcinoma cell line.

[3.0, 4.0, 3.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

708025691305070593

10.1111/1755-0998.12987

Biology_tweet_151

Environmental DNA for the enumeration and management of Pacific #Salmon Researchers show daily, and near‐daily, flow‐corrected eDNA rate closely tracks daily numbers of returning sockeye and coho spawners and outmigrating sockeye smolts #fishsci

Because the concentration of eDNA in streamwater results from both the amount of DNA shed by organisms and the flow of water, the product of eDNA concentration and streamflow (measured in units of water volume per time) can be used to calculate absolute quantities of eDNA per unit time.

Environmental DNA for the enumeration and management of Pacific #Salmon Researchers show daily, and near‐daily, flow‐corrected eDNA rate closely tracks daily numbers of returning sockeye and coho spawners and outmigrating sockeye smolts #fishsci

than simply accumulating as fish enter a watershed, eDNA concentrations might spike up and down as a pulse of fish swims past a sampling point, with the size of the spike correlated with fish number and/or biomass. Because the concentration of eDNA in streamwater results from both the amount of DNA shed by organisms and the flow of water, the product of eDNA concentration and streamflow (measured in units of water volume per time) can be used to calculate absolute quantities of eDNA per unit time. If, for instance, juveniles rear sufficiently far upstream, the signal of their eDNA should be weak or undetectable, eliminating a source of noise that would prevent the robust enumeration of adult salmon entering lower stream reaches with eDNA.

[3.0, 2.0, 4.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1080984404086964224

10.1016/j.ccell.2015.05.009

Biology_tweet_152

Wang, Shih @username &amp; co Inhibition of SYK sensitizes ovarian cancer to paclitaxel

We found that SYK inhibitors stabilized microtubules through dephosphorylation of microtubule and microtubule-associated proteins, a mechanism that is distinct from paclitaxel.

Wang, Shih @username &amp; co Inhibition of SYK sensitizes ovarian cancer to paclitaxel

Importantly, inhibition of SYK sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel treatment via enhancing microtubule stability. We found that SYK inhibitors stabilized microtubules through dephosphorylation of microtubule and microtubule-associated proteins, a mechanism that is distinct from paclitaxel. As a result, SYK inhibitor and paclitaxel formed a synergistic cytotoxic effect in tumor cells, especially in those that were paclitaxel-resistant.

[2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

611837874909126656

10.1038/s41467-018-07600-4

Biology_tweet_153

Congratulations to Junwei, my dear friends first paper was just published. They discovered that magic cluster do also appear for hard sphere systems. Even more ground breaking: is systems of thousands of Colloids. Also a highly interesting reviewer 3 /1

This raises the fundamental question of whether some colloidal cluster sizes are thermodynamically preferred over others.

Congratulations to Junwei, my dear friends first paper was just published. They discovered that magic cluster do also appear for hard sphere systems. Even more ground breaking: is systems of thousands of Colloids. Also a highly interesting reviewer 3 /1

While the dominant occurrence of atomic clusters with magic numbers in mass spectra 4 suggests self-adjustment in their sizes during formation by addition or removal of atoms to reach magic numbers under appropriate circumstances, the number of particles in a colloidal cluster remains fixed in confinement, which allows experiments to explore clusters of arbitrary sizes. This raises the fundamental question of whether some colloidal cluster sizes are thermodynamically preferred over others. Here, we demonstrate that the magic number phenomenon known from atomic clusters extends to the colloidal realm.

[3.0, 4.0, 2.0, 3.0, 1.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1072481213540167682

10.1111/ele.12236

Biology_tweet_154

Connectance of mutualistic networks increases persistance to disturbance, but result in global community collapse:

The extent to which pollinators interact with the same plant species increases with connectance and/or nestedeness.

Connectance of mutualistic networks increases persistance to disturbance, but result in global community collapse:

Our results can be understood intuitively by considering the 'net effects' of species on each other and the way in which these effects are mediated by the topology of mutualistic networks. The extent to which pollinators interact with the same plant species increases with connectance and/or nestedeness. A high nestedness of the mutualistic network may therefore promote the occurrence of indirect positive effects between pollinators.

[2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

430638501558620161

10.1038/s41467-018-07273-z

Biology_tweet_155

Our 1st paper ( showing #heatwave damage to #male #reproduction &amp; #sperm in a #insect model; out in @username! Thanks to @username @username @username @username Matt D, Aly L, Lukasz M, Laura H &amp; Paul T. 🌞🐞 @username @username @username.

Sons of males that had been exposed to a single heatwave in the previous generation showed a 25% reduction in mating success and subsequent offspring production, compared with controls whose fathers had not experienced heatwave conditions ( Fig.

Our 1st paper ( showing #heatwave damage to #male #reproduction &amp; #sperm in a #insect model; out in @username! Thanks to @username @username @username @username Matt D, Aly L, Lukasz M, Laura H &amp; Paul T. 🌞🐞 @username @username @username.

4c, d , e, f). Sons of males that had been exposed to a single heatwave in the previous generation showed a 25% reduction in mating success and subsequent offspring production, compared with controls whose fathers had not experienced heatwave conditions ( Fig. Critically, these same transgenerational effects were also evident when mature inseminated sperm alone had experienced the same conditions within the female: sons fertilised by heatwave-exposed spermatozoa in the female tract suffered 25 to 40% reductions in their reproductive output and mating success, compared with sons from parents where the mother had experienced the heatwave before mating and sperm storage, or controls where no heatwaves were experienced ( Fig.

[3.0, 4.0, 3.0, 4.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1062319307084980224

10.1016/j.cmet.2015.02.003

Biology_tweet_16

'Salt on Our Skin' Cutaneous Na Storage Strengthens the Antimicrobial Barrier Function &amp; Boosts Macrophage-driven..

Finally, we found that increasing Na + content in the skin by a high-salt diet boosted activation of macrophages in a Nfat5-dependent manner and promoted cutaneous antimicrobial defense.

'Salt on Our Skin' Cutaneous Na Storage Strengthens the Antimicrobial Barrier Function &amp; Boosts Macrophage-driven..

This high-salt response resulted in elevated type-2 nitric oxide synthase (Nos2)-dependent NO production and improved Leishmania major control. Finally, we found that increasing Na + content in the skin by a high-salt diet boosted activation of macrophages in a Nfat5-dependent manner and promoted cutaneous antimicrobial defense. We suggest that the hypertonic microenvironment could serve as a barrier to infection.

[4.0, 4.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

572822414125608961

10.1016/j.neuron.2014.05.028

Biology_tweet_160

See paper by Ressler and colleagues on Tac2, NkB &amp; Nk3 Receptor in Fear Memory Consolidation

However, this does not preclude the hypothesis that different fear paradigms might reveal a role of Tac2 in the amygdala in contextual fear conditioning.

See paper by Ressler and colleagues on Tac2, NkB &amp; Nk3 Receptor in Fear Memory Consolidation

Interestingly, in our fear paradigm, the Tac2 gene within the amygdala is involved in auditory (CS+US paired) but not stress or contextual memories (US only). However, this does not preclude the hypothesis that different fear paradigms might reveal a role of Tac2 in the amygdala in contextual fear conditioning. Thus, we believe that enhanced Tac2 gene expression in our fear models enhanced NkB production in the amygdala, binding to Nk3R and promoting fear memory consolidation.

[3.0, 4.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

489475682549137408

10.1002/ece3.3060

Biology_tweet_161

New paper, led by @username, on how breeding phenology affects genetic structure of 4 pond-breeding #salamanders

Similarly, observed that the fall breeding A. opacum has stronger genetic differentiation than A. maculatum among the same ponds in Massachusetts.

New paper, led by @username, on how breeding phenology affects genetic structure of 4 pond-breeding #salamanders

In Missouri, found that the fall breeding A. annulatum had higher levels of genetic differentiation than the spring breeding A. maculatum on the same landscape. Similarly, observed that the fall breeding A. opacum has stronger genetic differentiation than A. maculatum among the same ponds in Massachusetts. From an evolutionary standpoint, the observed differences in dispersal distances and genetic structure between fall breeding and spring breeding species may be a result of the trade-off between larval period length and size at metamorphosis .

[3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

867064003952095235

10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.038

Biology_tweet_163

4.8Å structure of Telomerase bound to Telomeric DNA from the labs of Juli Feigon and Hong Zhou in @username

We tried to add detergent to the sample in order to reduce exposure of particles to hydrophobic environment; however, there were very few particles in holes of cryo-EM grids in the presence of detergent (0.025% IGEPAL CA-630), suggesting that telomerase holoenzyme has affinity for the hydrophobic air/ water interface.

4.8Å structure of Telomerase bound to Telomeric DNA from the labs of Juli Feigon and Hong Zhou in @username

This highly purified sample showed relatively good homogeneity of particles with a uniform shape in our negative stain EM images, but very high heterogeneity in our cryo-EM images. We tried to add detergent to the sample in order to reduce exposure of particles to hydrophobic environment; however, there were very few particles in holes of cryo-EM grids in the presence of detergent (0.025% IGEPAL CA-630), suggesting that telomerase holoenzyme has affinity for the hydrophobic air/ water interface. Bacitracin can partially mimic detergent to protect exposure of telomerase particles to the air/water interface while keeping a sufficient number of particles in the holes of cryo-EM grids for data collection.

[1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1002669115335573504

10.1038/s41467-018-07557-4

Biology_tweet_165

New paper from @username about the impact of thawing permafrost on infrastructure across the entire Arctic. Congrats @username et al.!

In an engineering context, the selected threshold is conservative because infrastructure (e.g., buildings) could experience thaw settlements and failure before the thaw of near-surface permafrost.

New paper from @username about the impact of thawing permafrost on infrastructure across the entire Arctic. Congrats @username et al.!

The ensemble model provided accurate predictions of the observed ground temperatures retrospectively, indicating potential for good performance in prognostic studies 23 . In an engineering context, the selected threshold is conservative because infrastructure (e.g., buildings) could experience thaw settlements and failure before the thaw of near-surface permafrost. However, a conservative threshold is justified considering the use of statistically based methodology in modelling of the ground thermal regime (Methods).

[2.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1072542870219952128

10.1111/1365-2656.12871

Biology_tweet_166

Our paper on disentangling disease dynamics of #rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus and #myxoma virus in Australia now online in Journal of Animal Ecology! with @username, @username, @username, @username

The threat of diseases to wildlife populations, and the efficiency of pathogens as biocontrol agents, can only be evaluated with an adequate understanding of how different components F I G U R E 2 Estimated average changes in monthly survival rates of rabbits in different disease states, namely (i) susceptible to rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) and immune to myxoma virus (MYXV) (red bars), (ii) susceptible to MYXV and immune to RHDV (blue bars), (iii) susceptible to both RHDV and MYXV (green bars) and (iv) young rabbits <90 days old of various disease states, including individuals with maternal antibodies against RHDV and/ or MYXV (purple bars).

Our paper on disentangling disease dynamics of #rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus and #myxoma virus in Australia now online in Journal of Animal Ecology! with @username, @username, @username, @username

Capture rates in most capture sessions were <40% and varied over time (Supporting Information Figure S9 ), likely explaining why uncertainty in the estimates of individual disease states and the time-specific disease effect on rabbit survival led to large credible intervals. The threat of diseases to wildlife populations, and the efficiency of pathogens as biocontrol agents, can only be evaluated with an adequate understanding of how different components F I G U R E 2 Estimated average changes in monthly survival rates of rabbits in different disease states, namely (i) susceptible to rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) and immune to myxoma virus (MYXV) (red bars), (ii) susceptible to MYXV and immune to RHDV (blue bars), (iii) susceptible to both RHDV and MYXV (green bars) and (iv) young rabbits <90 days old of various disease states, including individuals with maternal antibodies against RHDV and/ or MYXV (purple bars). We show that despite a strongly seasonal force of infection (FoI) for RHDV and MYXV, it is likely that susceptible rabbits can be infected (at least at low levels) throughout the year, having implications for rabbit conservation and biocontrol.

[4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1016577491194933248

10.1038/nature12167

Biology_tweet_168

First ever class F GPCR structure: human SMO receptor with antagonist (via @username @username @username)

The 7TM domains of SMO and FZD receptors are reminiscent of class A GPCRs 12 although their sequences are distinct from other GPCRs, sharing less than 10% sequence identity.

First ever class F GPCR structure: human SMO receptor with antagonist (via @username @username @username)

In cilia, the activated SMO receptor induces the modification of GLI transcription factors into the active form, thereby inhibiting the processing of GLI transcription factors into a repressor form. The 7TM domains of SMO and FZD receptors are reminiscent of class A GPCRs 12 although their sequences are distinct from other GPCRs, sharing less than 10% sequence identity. Moreover, the SMO receptor can couple to G proteins, particularly G i , which inhibits cAMP production, controlling cell migration .

[1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

330273869644578818

10.1126/scitranslmed.aau6246

Biology_tweet_17

The PSEN1 inhibitor MRK-560 can target NOTCH1-mutant T-ALL, according to preclinical research. MRK-560 decreased proliferation in T-ALL cell lines and reduced #leukemia burden and increased survival in mouse models of NOTCH1-mutant T-ALL. #leusm

MRK-560 treatment significantly reduced leukemia burden compared to vehicle-treated mice, as assessed by peripheral blood counts of human CD45 + cells and in vivo bioluminescence (P ≤ 0.01) (Fig.

The PSEN1 inhibitor MRK-560 can target NOTCH1-mutant T-ALL, according to preclinical research. MRK-560 decreased proliferation in T-ALL cell lines and reduced #leukemia burden and increased survival in mouse models of NOTCH1-mutant T-ALL. #leusm

*P ≤ 0.05, ***P ≤ 0.001. MRK-560 treatment significantly reduced leukemia burden compared to vehicle-treated mice, as assessed by peripheral blood counts of human CD45 + cells and in vivo bioluminescence (P ≤ 0.01) (Fig. The various degrees of response to MRK-560 treatment were not explained by differences in PSEN1 expression in the PDX models ( fig.

[5.0, 4.0, 3.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1133808943933861890

10.1098/rsos.171474

Biology_tweet_170

Interesting article on violent video games not linked to teen aggression. @username you might be interested in this While games can cause frustration and anger, playing video games doesn't lead to aggression in every day life.

The semi-partial effect relating violent gaming to aggressive behaviour was r ¼ 0.01.

Interesting article on violent video games not linked to teen aggression. @username you might be interested in this While games can cause frustration and anger, playing video games doesn't lead to aggression in every day life.

larger) to findings present in the existing literature , and in line with proposed minimum practical media effect sizes [72] . The semi-partial effect relating violent gaming to aggressive behaviour was r ¼ 0.01. Further, we derived a 95% coincidence interval around this point estimate that ranged from 20.08 to 0.10 using a bootstrapping approach with 10 000 iterations.

[4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 3.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1095653544047169538

10.1098/rsos.180695

Biology_tweet_171

What can we learn about the origins of humanity from our use of air conditioning? An article in our journal, #OpenScience, maps our preferences over global climate data and discovers that humans prefer the climate of west central Kenya

When humans adjust the climates within their homes, it is unlikely that most are consciously attempting to emulate the climatic conditions of some outdoor location in another country or continent.

What can we learn about the origins of humanity from our use of air conditioning? An article in our journal, #OpenScience, maps our preferences over global climate data and discovers that humans prefer the climate of west central Kenya

The mean vapour pressure was 12.58 hPa for North American homes and was similar to the outdoor conditions in west central Kenya (12.96 hPa). When humans adjust the climates within their homes, it is unlikely that most are consciously attempting to emulate the climatic conditions of some outdoor location in another country or continent. Instead, they are almost certainly attempting to achieve climatic conditions that result in thermal comfort.

[2.0, 2.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1108684701177430016

10.3945/jn.113.188441

Biology_tweet_173

Uh oh. instant #ramen linked to #metabolic syndrome.

The consumption of instant noodles was associated with increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome in women, independent of major dietary patterns.

Uh oh. instant #ramen linked to #metabolic syndrome.

The 2 major dietary patterns were associated with distinct cardiometabolic risk factors. The consumption of instant noodles was associated with increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome in women, independent of major dietary patterns. The prevalence of overweight in the adult population increased from 26% in 1998 to 32% in 2007 (1) and that of metabolic syndrome in the adult population increased from 25% to 31% in the same time period .

[4.0, 3.0, 3.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

531556799586254849

10.3945/jn.113.188441

Biology_tweet_174

Instant noodle intake and cardiometabolic risk factors - PubMed - NCBI

Further adjustment by sodium intake, estrogen use, menopause, or waist circumference also did not change the positive relation between instant noodle intake $2 times/wk and metabolic syndrome in women.

Instant noodle intake and cardiometabolic risk factors - PubMed - NCBI

Consumption of instant noodles once per week was also associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in women (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.50) but not in men. Further adjustment by sodium intake, estrogen use, menopause, or waist circumference also did not change the positive relation between instant noodle intake $2 times/wk and metabolic syndrome in women. Analysis adjusting for this pattern did not change associations between instant noodle intake and metabolic syndrome and abdominal obesity in women.

[3.0, 3.0, 1.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

539508237326774273

10.1038/s41467-019-09113-0

Biology_tweet_175

How can we quantitatively compare #geophysical and #geochemical data along #volcanic arcs? New research published in @username today by Till and co-authors propose an exciting new method to assess volcanic variability along the Cascades

Given the unlikelihood of >80-90% crystallization producing the erupted compositions in nature, we also calculate a more realistic scenario in which magmas are produced by a mixture of the two end member processes with 60% of crystallization and the remainder through crustal melting.

How can we quantitatively compare #geophysical and #geochemical data along #volcanic arcs? New research published in @username today by Till and co-authors propose an exciting new method to assess volcanic variability along the Cascades

The volume and composition of material erupted at Newberry and Three Sisters region (latitudes 43.5-44.5°N) requires a different balance between crystallization and crustal melting, as 60% crystallization does not release enough heat to produce the remainder of magmas through crustal melting. Given the unlikelihood of >80-90% crystallization producing the erupted compositions in nature, we also calculate a more realistic scenario in which magmas are produced by a mixture of the two end member processes with 60% of crystallization and the remainder through crustal melting. The results along the Cascades volcanic arc are constrained as part of an inversion over the broader Cascadia region.

[2.0, 4.0, 3.0, 1.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1109063943023153153

10.1038/s41467-019-09863-x

Biology_tweet_178

Study finds combined #permafrost melt and #albedo feedbacks in #Arctic will contribute more than expected to #climatechange. Based on current #ParisAgreement pledges predicted warming will cost $67 trillion to global economy. #ClimateAction #geog2661

The economic losses due to climate warming also tend to be higher in warmer poorer regions such as India and Africa 20 , which are also less likely to benefit from the economic opportunities associated with a warmer Arctic 56 .

Study finds combined #permafrost melt and #albedo feedbacks in #Arctic will contribute more than expected to #climatechange. Based on current #ParisAgreement pledges predicted warming will cost $67 trillion to global economy. #ClimateAction #geog2661

To put this number into context, it exceeds the estimated long-term gains from economic development in the Arctic region through transit shipping routes 52 and mineral resource extraction 53 under high emissions scenarios by around 10 times, and could also dwarf pan-Arctic damages to infrastructure from thawing permafrost 55 . The economic losses due to climate warming also tend to be higher in warmer poorer regions such as India and Africa 20 , which are also less likely to benefit from the economic opportunities associated with a warmer Arctic 56 . Robustness of the estimates for the PCF and SAF effects.

[2.0, 2.0, 4.0]

Biology

train

tweets

1120639268177829888

10.1186/gb-2013-14-7-r73

Biology_tweet_18

Very long intergenic RNAs (vlincRNAs) cover 10% of our genome and are frequently regulated by endogenous retroviruses

VlincRNAs were found in all cell lines tested, including non-cancerous cell lines and tissues (Table 1) .

Very long intergenic RNAs (vlincRNAs) cover 10% of our genome and are frequently regulated by endogenous retroviruses

Overall, 341 of the original 580 tumor vlincRNAs ( Table 1) overlap ENCODE vlincRNAs identified from mostly different cell lines, using a different sequencing platform (p-value 1.54 × 10 -45 ). VlincRNAs were found in all cell lines tested, including non-cancerous cell lines and tissues (Table 1) . Embryonic stem cell line H1-hEsc expressed 469 such regions, while non-cancerous normal human epidermal keratinocyte line (NHEK) and normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) expressed 248 and 340 vlincRNAs, respectively (Table 1; Additional File 1, Table S1 ).

[2.0, 2.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

360419829343199235

10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.004

Biology_tweet_181

Sic1 makes sick in a new time zone: pill for jet lag not far @username @username @username @username

As SIK1 acts to suppress the effects of light on the clock, this pathway provides a pharmacological target for the treatment of disturbed circadian rhythms, including jet lag, shift-work, and illnesses that disturb circadian timing.

Sic1 makes sick in a new time zone: pill for jet lag not far @username @username @username @username

Critically, we show that knockdown of Sik1 within the SCN results in extended light-induced phase shifts and an enhanced rate of re-entrainment to an advanced LD cycle. As SIK1 acts to suppress the effects of light on the clock, this pathway provides a pharmacological target for the treatment of disturbed circadian rhythms, including jet lag, shift-work, and illnesses that disturb circadian timing. Surprisingly, the majority (81%, 436 genes) of transcripts were downregulated in response to light, with a smaller number of genes showing upregulation (19%, 100 genes).

[4.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0]

Biology

train

tweets

376331239868751872

10.1016/j.cell.2016.04.014

Biology_tweet_182

#ILCs as #ImmuneSentinels | Human ILC-Th counterparts | Colonna &amp; Oltz @username @username

In contrast to mice, which express Il17 in both Th17s and a subset of ILC3s, humans express these cytokines only in Th17s (Figure 1E) .

#ILCs as #ImmuneSentinels | Human ILC-Th counterparts | Colonna &amp; Oltz @username @username

We also identified an SE in Th17 cells that spanned its signature IL17A/IL17F cytokine locus, as well as the neighboring MCM3 gene, which is expressed in all cell types ( Figure 5C ). In contrast to mice, which express Il17 in both Th17s and a subset of ILC3s, humans express these cytokines only in Th17s (Figure 1E) . Only a subset of enhancers active in Th17s were in regions of high sequence conservation, perhaps reflecting evolutionary revisions to the regulatory landscape of this locus that endow Th17-specific expression in humans.

[2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0]

Biology

train

tweets

728652449200766976