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[ "Tanzania , officially the United Republic of Tanzania, is a country in Eastern Africa within the African Great Lakes region. Parts of the country are in Southern Africa. It is bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north; Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west; Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique to the south; and by the Indian Ocean to the east. Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa's highest mountain, is in northeastern Tanzania.", "The lion (\"Panthera leo\") is one of the big cats in the genus \"Panthera\" and a member of the family Felidae. The commonly used term African lion collectively denotes the several subspecies in Africa. With some males exceeding in weight, it is the second-largest living cat after the tiger. Wild lions currently exist in sub-Saharan Africa and in India (where an endangered remnant population resides in Gir Forest National Park). In ancient historic times, their range was in most of Africa, including North Africa, and across Eurasia from Greece and southeastern Europe to India. In the late Pleistocene, about 10,000 years ago, the lion was the most widespread large land mammal after humans: \"Panthera leo spelaea\" lived in northern and western Europe and \"Panthera leo atrox\" lived in the Americas from the Yukon to Peru. The lion is classified as a vulnerable species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), having seen a major population decline in its African range of 3050% over two decades during the second half of the twentieth century. Lion populations are untenable outside designated reserves and national parks. Although the cause of the decline is not fully understood, habitat loss and conflicts with humans are the greatest causes of concern. Within Africa, the West African lion population is particularly endangered.", "The East African Community (EAC) is an intergovernmental organisation composed of six countries in the African Great Lakes region in eastern Africa: Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. John Magufuli, the president of Tanzania, is the EAC's chairman. The organisation was founded in 1967, collapsed in 1977, and revived on 7 July 2000. In 2008, after negotiations with the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), the EAC agreed to an expanded free trade area including the member states of all three organizations. The EAC is an integral part of the African Economic Community.", "Lesotho, officially the Kingdom of Lesotho, is an enclaved, landlocked country in southern Africa completely surrounded by South Africa. It is just over in size and has a population slightly over two million. Its capital and largest city is Maseru. ", "Patrick Thomas Murray (born 5 August 1953) in Dublin, Ireland, is a journalist and writer. He has written for the \"Evening Herald\", \"Sunday World\", and spent time as editor of the \"Sunday Tribune\".", "The Daily Nation is a Kenyan independent newspaper. It is the most sold daily in Kenya, with a circulation of around 1,700,000 copies.", "Godfrey Mwampembwa , pen name Gado , is the most syndicated political cartoonist in East and Central Africa , and for over two decades a contributor to the Daily Nation ( Kenya ) , New African ( U.K. ) , Courier International ( France ) , Sunday Tribune ( South Africa ) , Le Monde , Washington Times , Des Standard , and Japan Times . He works regularly for Daily Nation ( Kenya ) , New African ( United Kingdom ) , Courier International ( France ) and Business Day and Sunday Tribune ( both South Africa ) . He also produced cartoons for Le Monde , The Washington Times , Der Standard and Japan Times . He serves as an editorial cartoonist at the Daily Nation .", "Nice (; Niçard , classical norm, or \"\", nonstandard, ) is the fifth most populous city in France and the capital of the Alpes-Maritimes \"département\". The urban area of Nice extends beyond the administrative city limits, with a population of about 1 million on an area of . Located in the French Riviera, on the south east coast of France on the Mediterranean Sea, at the foot of the Alps, Nice is the second-largest French city on the Mediterranean coast and the second-largest city in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region after Marseille. Nice is about 13 kilometres (8 miles) from the principality of Monaco, and its airport is a gateway to the principality as well.", "Mozambique (or ), officially the Republic of Mozambique (or \"\") is a country in Southeast Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west, and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest. It is separated from Madagascar by the Mozambique Channel to the east. The capital and largest city is Maputo (known as \"Lourenço Marques\" before independence).", "The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about . It covers approximately 20 percent of the Earth's surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area. It separates the \"Old World\" from the \"New World\".", "Conor Brady was the editor of \"The Irish Times\" for 16 years, between 1986 and 2002, having previously edited the \"Sunday Tribune\".", "Lake Turkana (or ), formerly known as Lake Rudolf, is a lake in the Kenyan Rift Valley, in northern Kenya, with its far northern end crossing into Ethiopia. It is the world's largest permanent desert lake and the world's largest alkaline lake. By volume it is the world's fourth-largest salt lake after the Caspian Sea, Issyk-Kul, and Lake Van (passing the shrinking South Aral Sea), and among all lakes it ranks 24th. The water is potable, but not palatable. It supports a rich lacustrine wildlife. The climate is hot and very dry. ", "The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's oceanic divisions, covering (approximately 20% of the water on the Earth's surface). It is bounded by Asia on the north, on the west by Africa, on the east by Australia, and on the south by the Southern Ocean or, depending on definition, by Antarctica. It is named after the country of India. The Indian Ocean is known as \"Ratnkara\", \"\"the mine of gems\"\" in ancient Sanskrit literature, and as \"Hind Mahsgar\", \"\"the great Indian sea\"\", in Hindi.", "Sub-Saharan Africa is, geographically, the area of the continent of Africa that lies south of the Sahara desert. According to the UN, it consists of all African countries that are fully or partially located south of the Sahara. It contrasts with North Africa, whose territories are part of the League of Arab states within the Arab world. Somalia, Djibouti, Comoros and Mauritania are geographically in Sub-Saharan Africa, but are likewise Arab states and part of the Arab world.", "Ethiopia ('), officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia\"' ( , \"yetiyoya Fdralaw Dmokirasyaw Rpebilk\" ), is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the north and northeast, Djibouti and Somalia to the east, Sudan and South Sudan to the west, and Kenya to the south. With nearly 100 million inhabitants, Ethiopia is the most populous landlocked country in the world, as well as the second-most populous nation on the African continent after Nigeria. It occupies a total area of , and its capital and largest city is Addis Ababa.", "Somalia ( '), officially the Federal Republic of Somalia , is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, and Kenya to the southwest. Somalia has the longest coastline on Africa's mainland, and its terrain consists mainly of plateaus, plains and highlands. Climatically, hot conditions prevail year-round, with periodic monsoon winds and irregular rainfall.", "Southern Africa is the southernmost region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics, and including several countries.\nThe term \"southern Africa\" or \"Southern Africa\", generally includes Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. From a political perspective the region is said to be unipolar with South Africa as a first regional power.", "London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom, as well as the most populous city proper in the European Union. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by the Romans, who named it \"Londinium\". London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its medieval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, \"London\" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which today largely makes up Greater London, governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly.", "New African is an English-language monthly news magazine based in London. Published since 1966, it is read by many people across the African continent and the African diaspora. It claims to be the oldest pan-African monthly in English, as well as \"the bestselling pan-African magazine\". It is published by IC Publications, which also publishes \"African Banker\", \"New African Woman\" and \"African Business\".", "Botswana , officially the Republic of Botswana, is a landlocked country located in Southern Africa. The citizens refer to themselves as \"Batswana\" (singular: \"Motswana\"). Formerly the British protectorate of Bechuanaland, Botswana adopted its new name after becoming independent within the Commonwealth on 30 September 1966. Since then, it has maintained a strong tradition of stable representative democracy, with a consistent record of uninterrupted democratic elections.", "The euro (sign: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of the eurozone, which consists of 19 of the member states of the European Union: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain. The currency is also officially used by the institutions of the European Union and four other European countries, as well as unilaterally by two others, and is consequently used daily by some 337 million Europeans . Outside of Europe, a number of overseas territories of EU members also use the euro as their currency.", "French Guiana (pronounced or ), officially called Guiana, is an overseas department and region of France, located on the north Atlantic coast of South America in the Guyanas. It borders Brazil to the east and south, and Suriname to the west. Its area has a very low population density of only 3 inhabitants per km, with half of its 244,118 inhabitants in 2013 living in the metropolitan area of Cayenne, its capital. By land area, it is the second largest region of France and the largest outermost region within the European Union.", "The Sunday Tribune was an Irish Sunday broadsheet newspaper published by Tribune Newspapers plc. It was edited in its final years by Nóirín Hegarty, who changed both the tone and the physical format of the newspaper from broadsheet to tabloid. Previous editors were Conor Brady, Vincent Browne, Peter Murtagh, Matt Cooper and Paddy Murray. The \"Sunday Tribune\" was founded in 1980, closed in 1982, relaunched in 1983 and entered receivership in February 2011 after which it ceased to trade.", "The North Sea is a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean located between Great Britain, Scandinavia, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France. An epeiric (or \"shelf\") sea on the European continental shelf, it connects to the ocean through the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian Sea in the north. It is more than long and wide, with an area of around .", "The Equator usually refers to an imaginary line on the Earth's surface equidistant from the North Pole and South Pole, dividing the Earth into the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere. The Equator is about long; some 78.7% lies across water and 21.3% over land.", "The African diaspora refers to the communities throughout the world that have resulted by descent from the movement in historic times of peoples from Africa, predominantly to the Americas and among other areas around the globe. The term has been historically applied in particular to the descendants of the West and Central Africans who were enslaved and shipped to the Americas in the Atlantic slave trade between the 16th and 19th centuries, with their largest populations in Brazil, the United States, Haiti, and others. Some scholars identify \"four circulatory phases\" of migration out of Africa.", "A pen name (\"nom de plume\", or \"literary double\") is a pseudonym (or, in some cases, a variant form of a real name) adopted by an author and printed on the title page or by-line of his or her works in place of their \"real\" name. A pen name may be used to make the author's name more distinctive, to disguise his or her gender, to distance an author from some or all of his or her previous works, to protect the author from retribution for his or her writings, to combine more than one author into a single author, or for any of a number of reasons related to the marketing or aesthetic presentation of the work. The author's name may be known only to the publisher, or may come to be common knowledge.", "Lyon or (more archaically) Lyons (or ) is a city in east-central France, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, about from Paris and from Marseille. Inhabitants of the city are called \"Lyonnais\".", "Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in Africa and a founding member of the East African Community (EAC). Its capital and largest city is Nairobi. Kenya's territory lies on the equator and overlies the East African Rift covering a diverse and expansive terrain that extends roughly from Lake Victoria to Lake Turkana (formerly called Lake Rudolf) and further south-east to the Indian Ocean. It is bordered by Tanzania to the south and southwest, Uganda to the west, South Sudan to the north-west, Ethiopia to the north and Somalia to the north-east. Kenya covers , and had a population of approximately 45 million people in July 2014.", "Zimbabwe, officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country located in southern Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers. It is bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the west and southwest, Zambia to the northwest, and Mozambique to the east and northeast. Although it does not border Namibia, less than 200 metres of the Zambezi River separates it from that country. The capital and largest city is Harare. A country of roughly 13 million people, Zimbabwe has 16 official languages, with English, Shona, and Ndebele the most commonly used.", "The English Channel (\"the Sleeve\" [hence ] \"Sea of Brittany\" \"British Sea\"), also called simply the Channel, is the body of water that separates southern England from northern France, and joins the southern part of the North Sea to the rest of the Atlantic Ocean.", "Toulouse is the capital city of the southwestern French department of Haute-Garonne, as well as of the Occitanie region. The city lies on the banks of the River Garonne, from the Mediterranean Sea, from the Atlantic Ocean, and from Paris. It is the fourth-largest city in France with 466,297 inhabitants in January 2014. \nThe Toulouse Metro area is, with 1 312 304 inhabitants as of 2014, France's 4th metropolitan area after Paris, Lyon and Marseille and ahead of Lille and Bordeaux.", "An author is narrowly defined as the originator of any written work and can thus also be described as a writer (with any distinction primarily being an implication that an author is a writer of one or more major works, such as books or plays). More broadly defined, an author is \"the person who originated or gave existence to anything\" and whose authorship determines responsibility for what was created. The more specific phrase published author refers to an author (especially but not necessarily of books) whose work has been independently accepted for publication by a reputable publisher , versus a self-publishing author or an unpublished one .", "South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded on the south by of coastline of Southern Africa stretching along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans, on the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe, and on the east and northeast by Mozambique and Swaziland, and surrounding the kingdom of Lesotho. South Africa is the 25th-largest country in the world by land area, and with close to 56 million people, is the world's 24th-most populous nation. It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World or the Eastern Hemisphere. It is the only country that borders both the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean. About 80 percent of South Africans are of Sub-Saharan African ancestry, divided among a variety of ethnic groups speaking different Bantu languages, nine of which have official status. The remaining population consists of Africa's largest communities of European (white), Asian (Indian), and multiracial (coloured) ancestry.", "France, officially the French Republic, is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The European, or metropolitan, area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. France spans and had a total population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017. It is a unitary semi-presidential republic with the capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Other major urban centres include Marseille, Lyon, Lille, Nice, Toulouse and Bordeaux.", "Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia (German: ), is a country in southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and east. Although it does not border Zimbabwe, a part of less than 200 metres of the Zambezi River (essentially a small bulge in Botswana to achieve a Botswana/Zambia micro-border) separates the two countries. Namibia gained independence from South Africa on 21 March 1990, following the Namibian War of Independence. Its capital and largest city is Windhoek, and it is a member state of the United Nations (UN), the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the African Union (AU), and the Commonwealth of Nations.", "Nairobi is the capital and largest city of Kenya. It is famous for having the Nairobi National Park, the world's only game reserve found within a major city. The city and its surrounding area also form Nairobi County, whose current governor is Evans Kidero and Deputy Governor is Jonathan Mueke.", "Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most-populous continent. At about 30.3 million km² (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4 % of its total land area. With 1.1 billion people as of 2013, it accounts for about 15% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognized sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two \"de facto\" independent states with limited or no recognition.", "Bordeaux (Gascon Occitan: \"\") is a port city on the Garonne River in the Gironde department in southwestern France.", "The Bantu languages, technically the Narrow Bantu languages (as opposed to \"Wide Bantu\", a loosely defined categorization which includes other Bantoid languages), constitute a traditional branch of the NigerCongo languages. There are about 250 Bantu languages by the criterion of mutual intelligibility, though the distinction between language and dialect is often unclear, and \"Ethnologue\" counts 535 languages. Bantu languages are spoken largely east and south of present-day Cameroon, that is, in the regions commonly known as Central Africa, Southeast Africa, and Southern Africa. Parts of the Bantu area include languages from other language families (see map).", "Paris (French: ) is the capital and most populous city of France. It has an area of and a population in 2013 of 2,229,621 within its administrative limits. The city is both a commune and department, and forms the centre and headquarters of the Île-de-France, or Paris Region, which has an area of and a population in 2014 of 12,005,077, comprising 18.2 percent of the population of France.", "Uganda (or ), officially the Republic of Uganda, is a landlocked country in East Africa. It is bordered to the east by Kenya, to the north by South Sudan, to the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, to the south-west by Rwanda, and to the south by Tanzania. Uganda is the world's second most populous landlocked country after Ethiopia. The southern part of the country includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria, shared with Kenya and Tanzania. Uganda is in the African Great Lakes region. Uganda also lies within the Nile basin, and has a varied but generally a modified equatorial climate.", "Lille is a city in northern France, in French Flanders. On the Deûle River, near France's border with Belgium, it is the capital of the Hauts-de-France region and the prefecture of the Nord department.", "The Eastern Hemisphere is a geographical term for the half of the earth that is east of the prime meridian (which crosses Greenwich, England) and west of the antimeridian. It is also used to refer to Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia, in contrast with the Western Hemisphere, which includes North and South America. This hemisphere may also be called the \"Oriental Hemisphere\". In addition, it may be used in a cultural or geopolitical sense as a synonym for the \"Old World\".", "Vincent Browne (born 17 July 1944) is an Irish print and broadcast journalist. He is a columnist with \"The Irish Times\" and \"The Sunday Business Post\" and a non-practising barrister. From 1996 until 2007, he presented a nightly talk-show on RTÉ Radio, \"Tonight with Vincent Browne\", which focused on politics, the proceedings of tribunals on political corruption and police misconduct. He now presents \"Tonight with Vincent Browne\" on TV3, which broadcasts from Monday to Thursday at 10.30pm. \"The Guardian\" has described him as an \"acerbic host...Ireland's Jeremy Paxman.\"", "The Rhine (, , ) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the \nSwiss-Austrian, Swiss-Liechtenstein, Swiss-German and then the Franco-German border, then flows through the Rhineland and eventually empties into the North Sea in the Netherlands. \nThe largest city on the river Rhine is Cologne, Germany, with a population of more than 1,050,000 people. It is the second-longest river in Central and Western Europe (after the Danube), at about , with an average discharge of about .", "Swaziland, officially the Kingdom of Swaziland (or ; Swazi: \"Umbuso weSwatini\"; sometimes called kaNgwane or Eswatini), is a sovereign state in Southern Africa. It is neighboured by Mozambique to its northeast and by South Africa to its north, west and south. The country and its people take their names from Mswati II, the 19th-century king under whose rule Swazi territory was expanded and unified." ]

[ "american", "angola", "arab", "austria", "belgium", "botswana", "brazil", "british", "brittany", "burundi", "cameroon", "democratic republic of the congo", "djibouti", "earth", "editor", "england", "estonia", "ethiopia", "france", "french guiana", "french republic", "germany", "great britain", "haiti", "india", "ireland", "kenya", "latvia", "lesotho", "liechtenstein", "london", "madagascar", "malawi", "malta", "mauritania", "monaco", "mozambique", "namibia", "netherlands", "niger", "peru", "rwanda", "somalia", "south africa", "south sudan", "sudan", "suriname", "swaziland", "tanzania", "uganda", "united kingdom", "writer", "zimbabwe" ]

[ "Brother Bear is a 2003 American animated adventure comedy-drama film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. It is the 44th Disney animated feature film. In the film, an Inuit boy named Kenai pursues a bear in revenge for a battle that he provoked in which his oldest brother Sitka is killed. He tracks down the bear and kills it, but the Spirits, angered by this needless death, change Kenai into a bear himself as punishment. In order to be human again, Kenai must travel to a mountain where the Northern lights touch the earth, and learn to see through another's eyes, feel through another's heart, and discover the meaning of brotherhood. ", "Melissa Lou Etheridge (born May 29, 1961) is an American rock singer-songwriter, guitarist, and activist. Her self-titled debut album \"Melissa Etheridge\" was released in 1988 and became an underground hit. The album peaked at No. 22 on the \"Billboard\" 200, and its lead single, \"Bring Me Some Water\", garnered Etheridge her first Grammy Award nomination for Best Rock Vocal Performance, Female. In 1993, Etheridge won her first Grammy award for her single \"Ain't It Heavy\" from her third album, \"Never Enough\". Later that year, she released what would become her mainstream breakthrough album, \"Yes I Am\". The album featured three Top 40 hits, including \"I'm the Only One\" (No. 8) and \"Come to My Window\" (No. 25), the latter scoring Etheridge her second Grammy award. \"Yes I Am\" peaked at No. 15 on the Billboard 200, and spent 138 weeks on the chart, earning a RIAA certification of 6x Platinum, her largest to date.", "Walt Disney Pictures is an American film production company and a division of Walt Disney Studios, owned by The Walt Disney Company. The division is based at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California, and is the main producer of live-action feature films within the Walt Disney Studios unit. It took on its current name in 1983. Today, in conjunction with the other units of Walt Disney Studios, Walt Disney Pictures is classified as one of Hollywood's \"Big Six\" film studios.", "\"Come to My Window\" is a Grammy Award-winning song by Melissa Etheridge released in 1994 on her 1993 album \"Yes I Am\". This was the first song to be released after Etheridge publicly announced her sexual orientation of being a lesbian. With the driving force of gay rights, the song gained a lot of airplay on radio stations, mostly through call-in requests. The song debuted on the \"Billboard\" charts after the first week of its release, reaching #25 on the chart. It was also the second song from Etheridge that earned her a Grammy Award for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance.", "Bears are carnivoran mammals of the family Ursidae. Bears are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivorans. Although only eight species of bears are extant, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout the Northern Hemisphere and partially in the Southern Hemisphere. Bears are found on the continents of North America, South America, Europe, and Asia. Common characteristics of modern bears include large bodies with stocky legs, long snouts, small rounded ears, shaggy hair, plantigrade paws with five nonretractile claws, and short tails.", "Brother Bear 2 is a 2006 American animated comedy - drama / fantasy film and the direct - to - video sequel to the animated feature Brother Bear and was released on DVD and VHS on August 29 , 2006 . Melissa Etheridge contributed three songs to the film . In the film , the adventures of bear brothers Kenai and Koda continue . While the first film dealt with Kenai 's relationship with Koda , this one focuses more on his bond with a young human , Nita . Only five of the original characters return for the sequel including Kenai , Koda , Rutt , Tuke , and Tug . But only four of those actors came back to do their original roles which include Jeremy Suarez , Rick Moranis , Dave Thomas , and Michael Clarke Duncan . Jason Marsden , as heard in the first trailer , was originally announced to voice Kenai , voiced by Joaquin Phoenix in the first film , but according to Reuters , Patrick Dempsey ultimately voiced Kenai . However , the end credits still note him as one of the additional voices . This is also Rick Moranis ' last role in a film before his hiatus from acting .", "\"I'm the Only One\" is a Melissa Etheridge song that appears on her 1993 album \"Yes I Am\". The single itself was released in 1993, and hit number eight on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and number one on the Adult Contemporary charts in January 1995. This is one of her biggest hits to date." ]

[ "billboard", "europe", "walt disney", "yes" ]

[ "Szczecin (German and , known also by other alternative names) is the capital city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. Located near the Baltic Sea, it is a major seaport and Poland's seventh-largest city. As of June 2011, the population was 407,811.", "Belarus ( lat. ', ), officially the Republic of Belarus, formerly known by its Russian name Byelorussia (though this name is no longer used in Belarus itself, even in Russian language), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Its capital and most populous city is Minsk. Over 40% of its is forested. Its strongest economic sectors are service industries and manufacturing. Until the 20th century, different states at various times controlled the lands of modern-day Belarus, including the Principality of Polotsk (11th to 14th centuries), the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth, and the Russian Empire.", "Latvia, officially the Republic of Latvia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe, one of the three Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, as well as a maritime border to the west alongside Sweden. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate.", "Northern Europe is the northern part or region of Europe. Although no definitive borders or definition exists for the term, geographically, Northern Europe may be considered to consist approximately of all of Europe above the 52nd parallel north; which includes (from west to east) most or all of: Iceland, the Republic of Ireland, the Isle of Man, the United Kingdom, the Faroe Islands, the Netherlands, northern Germany, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, northern Poland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and northwest Russia. However, narrower definitions may also be used based on other geographical factors, such as climate and ecology. Greenland, geographically a part of North America, is politically a part of the Kingdom of Denmark, and may be included depending on the definition.", "Lithuania (UK and US: ), officially the Republic of Lithuania, is a country in Northern Europe. One of the three Baltic states, it is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, to the east of Sweden and Denmark. It is bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) to the southwest. Lithuania has an estimated population of 2.9 million people , and its capital and largest city is Vilnius. Lithuanians are a Baltic people. The official language, Lithuanian, along with Latvian, is one of only two living languages in the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family.", "Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe, situated between the Baltic Sea in the north and two mountain ranges (the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains) in the south. Bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine and Belarus to the east; and the Baltic Sea, Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) and Lithuania to the north. The total area of Poland is , making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. With a population of over 38.5 million people, Poland is the 34th most populous country in the world, the 8th most populous country in Europe and the sixth most populous member of the European Union. Poland is a unitary state divided into 16 administrative subdivisions, and its capital and largest city is Warsaw. Other metropolises include Kraków, Wrocaw, Pozna, Gdask and Szczecin.", "Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Europe. The southernmost and smallest of the Nordic countries, it is south-west of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. The Kingdom of Denmark is the sovereign state that comprises Denmark proper and two autonomous constituent countries in the North Atlantic Ocean: the Faroe Islands and Greenland. Denmark has a total area of , and a population of 5.7 million. The country consists of a peninsula, Jutland, and an archipelago of 443 named islands, with the largest being Zealand and Funen. The islands are characterised by flat, arable land and sandy coasts, low elevation and a temperate climate.", "East Prussia (; ) was a province of Prussia from 17731829 and from 18781945. Its capital city was Königsberg (present-day Kaliningrad). East Prussia was the main part of the region of Prussia along the southeastern Baltic Coast.", "Sweden, officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund. At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area, with a total population of 10.0 million. Sweden consequently has a low population density of , with the highest concentration in the southern half of the country. Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.", "Gdask (German: ) is a Polish city on the Baltic coast. It is the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland's principal seaport and is also the centre of the country's fourth-largest metropolitan area.", "The Baltic Sea ( ; ) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, enclosed by Scandinavia, Finland, the Baltic countries, and the North European Plain. It includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Bay of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga, and the Bay of Gdask. The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from 10°E to 30°E longitude. A mediterranean sea of the Atlantic, with limited water exchange between the two bodies, the Baltic Sea drains through the Danish islands into the Kattegat by way of the straits of Øresund, the Great Belt, and the Little Belt.", "The Baltic states, also known as the Baltic countries, Baltic republics, Baltic nations, or simply, the Baltics, are the three countries in northern Europe on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The Baltic states cooperate on a regional level in several intergovernmental organizations.", "Kraków, also Cracow or Krakow, is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life and is one of Poland's most important economic hubs. It was the capital of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland from 1038 to 1569; the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth from 1569 to 1795; the Free City of Kraków from 1815 to 1846; the Grand Duchy of Cracow from 1846 to 1918; and Kraków Voivodeship from the 14th century to 1998. It has been the capital of Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999.", "Pozna (known also by other historical names) is a city on the Warta river in west-central Poland, in the Greater Poland region. It is best known for its renaissance Old Town, destroyed during World War II and then rebuilt, and Ostrów Tumski Cathedral. Today, Pozna is an important cultural and business centre and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Jarmark witojaski, traditional Saint Martin's croissants and a local dialect.", "Sigismund I of Poland (; 1 January 1467 1 April 1548), of the Jagiellon dynasty, reigned as King of Poland and also as the Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1506 until 1548. Earlier, Sigismund had been invested as Duke of Silesia. A successful monarch and a great patron of arts, he established Polish suzerainty over Ducal Prussia (East Prussia) and incorporated the duchy of Mazovia into the Polish state, securing the nation's wealth, culture and power.", "Russia (from the Rus'), also officially known as the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern, about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara.", "Wrocaw (, ; ) is the largest city in western Poland. It is on the River Oder in the Silesian Lowlands of Central Europe, roughly 350 kilometres (220 mi) from the Baltic Sea to the north and 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the Sudeten Mountains to the south. Wrocaw is the historical capital of Silesia and Lower Silesia. Today, it is the capital of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship. At various times in history, it has been part of the Kingdom of Poland, Bohemia, Hungary, the Austrian Empire, Prussia and Germany. It became part of Poland in 1945, as a result of the border changes after the Second World War. The population of Wrocaw in 2016 was 637,075 making it the fourth-largest city in Poland and the main city of Wrocaw agglomeration.", "Warsaw (; see also other names) is the capital and largest city of Poland. It stands on the Vistula River in east-central Poland, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population is estimated at 1.750 million residents within a greater metropolitan area of 3.105 million residents, which makes Warsaw the 9th most-populous capital city in the European Union. The city limits cover , while the metropolitan area covers .", "Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south. Slovakia's territory spans about and is mostly mountainous. The population is over 5 million and comprises mostly ethnic Slovaks. The capital and largest city is Bratislava. The official language is Slovak, a member of the Slavic language family.", "Sigismund II Augustus I ( Polish : Zygmunt II August , Ruthenian : ygimont III Awgust I , Lithuanian : Žygimantas III Augustas I , German : Sigismund II. August ) ( 1 August 1520 -- 7 July 1572 ) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania , the only son of Sigismund I the Old , whom Sigismund II succeeded in 1548 . Married three times , the last of the Jagiellons remained childless , and through the Union of Lublin introduced an elective monarchy .", "Ukraine (tr. ) is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Belarus to the northwest, Poland and Slovakia to the west, Hungary, Romania, and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively. Ukraine is currently in territorial dispute with Russia over the Crimean Peninsula which Russia annexed in 2014 but which Ukraine and most of the international community recognise as Ukrainian. Including Crimea, Ukraine has an area of , making it the largest country entirely within Europe and the 46th largest country in the world. It has a population of about 44.5 million, making it the 32nd most populous country in the world.", "Vilnius (see also other names) is the capital of Lithuania and its largest city, with a population of 542,664 . Vilnius is located in the southeast part of Lithuania and is the second largest city in the Baltic states. Vilnius is the seat of the main government institutions of Lithuania as well as of the Vilnius District Municipality. Vilnius is classified as a Gamma global city according to GaWC studies, and is known for the architecture in its Old Town, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994. Its Jewish influence until the 20th century has led to it being described as the \"Jerusalem of Lithuania\" and Napoleon named it \"the Jerusalem of the North\" as he was passing through in 1812. In 2009, Vilnius was the European Capital of Culture, together with the Austrian city of Linz.", "Lithuanians (singular \"lietuvis/lietuv\") are a Baltic ethnic group, native to Lithuania, where they number around 2,561,300 people. Another million or more make up the Lithuanian diaspora, largely found in countries such as the United States, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Russia, United Kingdom and Ireland. Their native language is Lithuanian, one of only two surviving members of the Baltic language family. According to the census conducted in 2001, 83.45% of the population of Lithuania identified themselves as Lithuanians, 6.74% as Poles, 6.31% as Russians, 1.23% as Belarusians, and 2.27% as members of other ethnic groups. Most Lithuanians belong to the Roman Catholic Church, while the Lietuvininkai who lived in the northern part of East Prussia prior to World War II, were mostly Evangelical Lutherans.", "The Czech Republic, also known by the short name Czechia, is a nation state in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast. The Czech Republic covers an area of with mostly temperate continental climate and oceanic climate. It is a unitary parliamentary republic, has 10.5 million inhabitants and the capital and largest city is Prague, with over 1.2 million residents. The Czech Republic includes the historical territories of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia." ]

[ "argentina", "austria", "austrian empire", "belarus", "bohemia", "brazil", "canada", "crown of the kingdom of poland", "czech republic", "denmark", "earth", "estonia", "finland", "free city of kraków", "germany", "grand duchy of lithuania", "hungary", "iceland", "ireland", "isle of man", "kingdom of poland", "latvia", "lithuania", "norway", "poland", "prussia", "russia", "slovakia", "sweden", "ukraine" ]

[ "Fellowship of the Royal Society (FRS, ForMemRS & HonFRS) is an award and fellowship granted by the Royal Society of London to individuals the society judges to have made a \"substantial contribution to the improvement of natural knowledge, including mathematics, engineering science and medical science\".", "Lawrence Rooke ( also Laurence ) ( 1622 -- 26 June 1662 ) was an English astronomer and mathematician . He was also one of the founders of the Royal Society , although he died as it was being formally constituted .", "The President, Council and Fellows of the Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, commonly known as the Royal Society, is a learned society for science and is possibly the oldest such society still in existence. Founded in November 1660, it was granted a royal charter by King Charles II as \"The Royal Society\". The Society is the United Kingdom's and Commonwealth of Nations' Academy of Sciences and fulfills a number of roles; promoting science and its benefits, recognising excellence in science, supporting outstanding science, providing scientific advice for policy, fostering international and global cooperation, education and public engagement. \nThe society is governed by its Council, which is chaired by the Society's President, according to a set of statutes and standing orders. The members of Council and the President are elected from and by its Fellows, the basic members of the society, who are themselves elected by existing Fellows. As of 2016, there are about 1,600 fellows, allowed to use the postnominal title FRS (Fellow of the Royal Society), with up to 52 new fellows appointed each year. There are also royal fellows, honorary fellows and foreign members, the last of which are allowed to use the postnominal title ForMemRS (Foreign Member of the Royal Society). The Royal Society President is Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, who took up the post on November 30, 2015.", "An academy of sciences is a type of learned society or academy (as special scientific institution) dedicated to sciences that could be or not state funded. Some state funded academies are tuned into national or royal (in case of the United Kingdom i.e. Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge) as a form of honor. The other types of academy is an academy of arts (see Academy of Arts) or combination of both (i.e. American Academy of Arts and Sciences).", "The Universe is all of time and space and its contents. It includes planets, moons, minor planets, stars, galaxies, the contents of intergalactic space, and all matter and energy. The size of the entire Universe is unknown.", "A royal charter is a formal document issued by a monarch as letters patent, granting a right or power to an individual or a body corporate. They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as cities (with municipal charters) or universities and learned societies. Charters should be distinguished from warrants and letters of appointment, as they have perpetual effect. Typically, a Royal Charter is produced as a high-quality work of calligraphy on vellum. The British monarchy has issued over 980 royal charters. Of these about 750 remain in existence. The earliest was to the town of Tain in 1066, making it the oldest Royal Burgh in Scotland, followed by the University of Cambridge in 1231. Charters continue to be issued by the British Crown, a recent example being that awarded to the Chartered Institute for the Management of Sport and Physical Activity, on 7 April 2011.", "An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who concentrates their studies on a specific question or field outside of the scope of Earth. They look at stars, planets, moons, comets and galaxies, as well as many other celestial objects either in observational astronomy, in analyzing the data or in theoretical astronomy. Examples of topics or fields astronomers work on include: planetary science, solar astronomy, the origin or evolution of stars, or the formation of galaxies. There are also related but distinct subjects like physical cosmology which studies the Universe as a whole.", "A comet is an icy small Solar System body that, when passing close to the Sun, warms and begins to evolve gasses, a process called outgassing. This produces a visible atmosphere or coma, and sometimes also a tail. These phenomena are due to the effects of solar radiation and the solar wind acting upon the nucleus of the comet. Comet nuclei range from a few hundred metres to tens of kilometres across and are composed of loose collections of ice, dust, and small rocky particles. The coma may be up to 15 times the Earth's diameter, while the tail may stretch one astronomical unit. If sufficiently bright, a comet may be seen from the Earth without the aid of a telescope and may subtend an arc of 30° (60 Moons) across the sky. Comets have been observed and recorded since ancient times by many cultures.", "Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.", "A star is a luminous sphere of plasma held together by its own gravity. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun. Many other stars are visible to the naked eye from Earth during the night, appearing as a multitude of fixed luminous points in the sky due to their immense distance from Earth. Historically, the most prominent stars were grouped into constellations and asterisms, the brightest of which gained proper names. Astronomers have assembled star catalogues that identify the known stars and provide standardized stellar designations. However, most of the stars in the Universe, including all stars outside our galaxy, the Milky Way, are invisible to the naked eye from Earth. Indeed, most are invisible from Earth even through the most powerful telescopes.", "A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in his/her work, typically to solve mathematical problems.", "A planet is an astronomical body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that\nThe term \"planet\" is ancient, with ties to history, astrology, science, mythology, and religion. Several planets in the Solar System can be seen with the naked eye. These were regarded by many early cultures as divine, or as emissaries of deities. As scientific knowledge advanced, human perception of the planets changed, incorporating a number of disparate objects. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) officially adopted a resolution defining planets within the Solar System. This definition is controversial because it excludes many objects of planetary mass based on where or what they orbit. Although eight of the planetary bodies discovered before 1950 remain \"planets\" under the modern definition, some celestial bodies, such as Ceres, Pallas, Juno and Vesta (each an object in the solar asteroid belt), and Pluto (the first trans-Neptunian object discovered), that were once considered planets by the scientific community, are no longer viewed as such.", "Physical cosmology is the study of the largest-scale structures and dynamics of the Universe and is concerned with fundamental questions about its origin, structure, evolution, and ultimate fate. Cosmology as a science originated with the Copernican principle, which implies that celestial bodies obey identical physical laws to those on Earth, and Newtonian mechanics, which first allowed us to understand those physical laws. Physical cosmology, as it is now understood, began with the development in 1915 of Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity, followed by major observational discoveries in the 1920s: first, Edwin Hubble discovered that the universe contains a huge number of external galaxies beyond our own Milky Way; then, work by Vesto Slipher and others showed that the universe is expanding. These advances made it possible to speculate about the origin of the universe, and allowed the establishment of the Big Bang Theory, by Georges Lemaitre, as the leading cosmological model. A few researchers still advocate a handful of alternative cosmologies; however, most cosmologists agree that the Big Bang theory explains the observations better.", "Venkatraman \"Venki\" Ramakrishnan (born 1952) is an Indian-American-British structural biologist of Indian origin. He is the current President of the Royal Society, having held the position since November 2015. In 2009 he shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Thomas A. Steitz and Ada Yonath, \"for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome\". ", "A mathematical problem is a problem that is amenable to being represented, analyzed, and possibly solved, with the methods of mathematics. This can be a real-world problem, such as computing the orbits of the planets in the solar system, or a problem of a more abstract nature, such as Hilbert's problems.<br>\nIt can also be a problem referring to the nature of mathematics itself, such as Russell's Paradox." ]

[ "ada", "albert", "ceres", "enterprise", "london", "loose", "most", "russell", "scotland", "union", "united kingdom", "unknown" ]

[ "Barranquilla is a city and municipality located in northern Colombia. It is the only major city in South America that was populated before its formal foundation. Barranquilla is located near the Caribbean Sea. The city is located in the Atlántico Department, of which it is the capital. Barranquilla is the largest city and port in the northern Caribbean Coast region of Colombia, with a population of 2,370,753 in its metropolitan area, which makes it Colombia's fourth most populous city after Bogotá, Medellín and Cali.", "Ronald \"Ronnie\" Vannucci Jr. (born February 15, 1976) is the drummer for the American rock band The Killers. He is also involved in a side project called Big Talk.", "Coldplay are a British rock band formed in 1996 by lead vocalist and keyboardist Chris Martin and lead guitarist Jonny Buckland at University College London (UCL). After they formed under the name Pectoralz, Guy Berryman joined the group as bassist and they changed their name to Starfish. Will Champion joined as drummer and backing vocalist, completing the performing line-up. Creative Director Phil Harvey is often referred to as the official fifth member by the band. The band renamed themselves \"Coldplay\" in 1998, before recording and releasing three EPs: \"Safety\" in 1998, \"Brothers & Sisters\" as a single in 1999, and \"The Blue Room\" in the same year. \"The Blue Room\" was their first release on a major label, after signing to Parlophone.", "Sophie Michelle Ellis-Bextor (born 10 April 1979) is an English singer, songwriter and model perhaps best known for her worldwide top 10 hit Murder on the Dancefloor. She first came to prominence in the late 1990s, as the lead singer of the indie rock band Theaudience. After the group disbanded, Ellis-Bextor went solo, achieving widespread success in the early 2000s. Her music is a mixture of mainstream pop, disco, nu-disco, and 1980s electronic influences.", "Gwen Renée Stefani (born October 3, 1969) is an American singer, songwriter, and fashion designer. She is the co-founder and lead vocalist of the band No Doubt that experienced major success after their breakthrough studio album \"Tragic Kingdom\" (1995) along with various successful singles, including \"Just a Girl\", \"Don't Speak\", \"Hey Baby\", and \"It's My Life\". During the band's hiatus, Stefani embarked on a solo pop career in 2004 by releasing her debut studio album \"Love. Angel. Music. Baby.\" Inspired by pop music from the 1980s, the album was met with both critical and commercial success. It spawned three commercially successful singles: \"What You Waiting For?\", \"Rich Girl\", and \"Hollaback Girl\", the latter reached number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 while also becoming the first US download to sell one million copies. In 2006 Stefani released her second studio album \"The Sweet Escape\". The album produced two successful singles: \"Wind It Up\" and the album's title track \"The Sweet Escape\". Her third solo album \"This Is What the Truth Feels Like\" was released in March 2016 and became her first solo number-one album on the \"Billboard\" 200.", "Nevada (Spanish for \"snowy\"; see pronunciations) is a state in the Western, Mountain West, and Southwestern regions of the United States of America. Nevada is the 7th most extensive, the 34th most populous, and the 9th least densely populated of the 50 United States. Nearly three-quarters of Nevada's people live in Clark County, which contains the Las VegasParadise metropolitan area where three of the state's four largest incorporated cities are located. Nevada's capital is Carson City. Nevada is officially known as the \"Silver State\" because of the importance of silver to its history and economy. It is also known as the \"Battle Born State\", because it achieved statehood during the Civil War (the words \"Battle Born\" also appear on the state flag); as the \"Sage-brush State\", for the native plant of the same name; and as the \"Sage-hen State\". Nevada borders Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast and Utah to the east.", "William \"Will\" Champion (born 31 July 1978) is a British musician and multi-instrumentalist. He is the drummer and backing vocalist for the alternative rock band Coldplay.", "University College London (UCL) is a public research university in London, England, and a constituent college of the federal University of London. It is the largest postgraduate institution in the UK by enrollment and is regarded as one of the world's leading multidisciplinary research universities.\nEstablished in 1826 as London University by founders inspired by the radical ideas of Jeremy Bentham, UCL was the first university institution to be established in London, and the first in England to be entirely secular and to admit students regardless of their religion. UCL also makes the contested claims of being the third-oldest university in England and the first to admit women. In 1836 UCL became one of the two founding colleges of the University of London, which was granted a royal charter in the same year. It has grown through mergers, including with the Institute of Neurology (in 1997), the Royal Free Hospital Medical School (in 1998), the Eastman Dental Institute (in 1999), the School of Slavonic and East European Studies (in 1999), the School of Pharmacy (in 2012) and the Institute of Education (in 2014).\nUCL has its main campus in the Bloomsbury area of central London, with a number of institutes and teaching hospitals elsewhere in central London and a satellite campus in Doha, Qatar. UCL is organised into 11 constituent faculties, within which there are over 100 departments, institutes and research centres. UCL operates several culturally significant museums and manages collections in a wide range of fields, including the Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology and the Grant Museum of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy, and administers the annual Orwell Prize in political writing. In 2015/16, UCL had around 38,300 students and 12,000 staff (including around 7,100 academic staff and 840 professors) and had a total income of £1.36 billion, of which £530 million was from research grants and contracts.\nUCL ranks highly in national and international league tables and its graduates rank among the most employable in the world. UCL alumni include the \"Father of the Nation\" of each of India, Kenya and Mauritius, the founders of Ghana, modern Japan and Nigeria, the inventor of the telephone, and one of the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA. UCL academics discovered five of the naturally occurring noble gases, co-discovered hormones, invented the vacuum tube, and made several foundational advances in modern statistics. There are at least 29 Nobel Prize winners and 3 Fields medalists amongst UCL's alumni and current and former staff. UCL is a member of numerous academic organisations, including the Russell Group, and is part of UCL Partners, the world's largest academic health science centre, and the 'golden triangle' of research-intensive English universities.", "Houston is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth-most populous city in the United States after Chicago, located in Southeast Texas near the Gulf of Mexico. With a census-estimated 2014 population of 2.239 million within an area of , it also is the largest city in the Southern United States, as well as the seat of Harris County. It is the principal city of HoustonThe WoodlandsSugar Land, which is the fifth-most populated metropolitan area in the United States of America.", "Love. Angel. Music. Baby. is the debut solo studio album by American singer Gwen Stefani. It was released on November 12, 2004, by Interscope Records. Stefani, who had previously released five albums as rock band No Doubt's lead singer, began recording solo material in early 2003. She began working on \"Love. Angel. Music. Baby.\" as a side project that would become a full album after No Doubt went on hiatus. Stefani co-wrote every song on the album, collaborating with various songwriters and producers including André 3000, Dallas Austin, Dr. Dre, the Neptunes and Linda Perry.", "\"Crazy in Love\" is the lead single from American singer Beyoncé Knowles's 2003 debut solo album, \"Dangerously in Love.\" It features a guest verse from rapper Jay Z. The artists wrote and composed the song in collaboration with Rich Harrison and Eugene Record; the former also produced it with Beyoncé. Using samples from The Chi-Lites' 1970 song \"Are You My Woman (Tell Me So)\", \"Crazy in Love\" is an R&B and pop love song that incorporates elements of hip hop, soul, and 1970s-style funk music. Its lyrics describe a romantic obsession that causes the protagonist to act out of character.", "Adrian Samuel Young (born August 26, 1969) is an American drummer, mostly known as a member of the rock band No Doubt.", "Christopher Anthony John \"Chris\" Martin (born 2 March 1977) is a British singer, songwriter, record producer, and multi-instrumentalist. He is the co-founder and lead singer of the British alternative rock band Coldplay. Born in Whitestone, near Exeter in Devon, Martin went to University College London where he formed a rock band with fellow musician Jonny Buckland in 1996 called Pectoralz, which was eventually renamed Coldplay in 1998.", "\"Hollaback Girl\" is a song recorded by American singer Gwen Stefani for her debut solo studio album, \"Love. Angel. Music. Baby.\" (2004). As part of Stefani's vision of creating \"a silly dance record\", \"Hollaback Girl\" is a hip hop song that draws influence from 1980s hip hop and dance music. The song was written by Stefani, Pharrell Williams and Chad Hugo, supposedly as a response to Courtney Love's statement that Stefani was a \"cheerleader\" in an interview with \"Seventeen\" magazine. The song was released as the album's third single on March 15, 2005, and was one of the year's most popular songs, peaking inside the top 10 on the majority of the charts it entered. It reached number one in Australia and the United States, where it became the first digital download to sell one million copies.", "The Killers is an American rock band formed in Las Vegas, Nevada, in 2001 by Brandon Flowers (lead vocals, keyboards) and Dave Keuning (lead guitar, backing vocals). Mark Stoermer (bass guitar, backing vocals) and Ronnie Vannucci Jr. (drums, and percussion) would complete the current line-up of the band in 2002. The band's name is derived from a logo on the bass drum of a fictitious band, portrayed in the music video for the New Order song \"Crystal\".", "Eurythmics were a British music duo consisting of members Annie Lennox and David A. Stewart. Stewart and Lennox were both previously in the band The Tourists (originally known as The Catch), who split up in 1980; Eurythmics were formed that year in London. The duo released their first album, \"In the Garden\", in 1981 to little fanfare, but went on to achieve global success with their second album \"Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)\", released in 1983. The title track was a worldwide hit, topping the charts in various countries including the US. The duo went on to release a string of hit singles and albums before they split up in 1990. By this time Stewart was a sought-after record producer, while Lennox began a solo recording career in 1992 with her debut album \"Diva\". After almost a decade apart, Eurythmics reunited to record their ninth album, \"Peace\", released in late 1999. They reunited again in 2005 to release the single \"I've Got a Life\", as part of a new Eurythmics compilation album, \"Ultimate Collection\".", "Syco Music, also known as Syco Records, is a British record label founded by British music mogul Simon Cowell. It is a subsidiary of Cowell's Syco.", "Brandon Richard Flowers (born June 21, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. He is best known as the lead singer of the Las Vegas-based rock band The Killers, with whom he has recorded four studio albums.", "Ann \"Annie\" Lennox, (born 25 December 1954) is a Scottish singer, songwriter, political activist and philanthropist. After achieving moderate success in the late 1970s as part of the new wave band The Tourists, she and fellow musician David A. Stewart went on to achieve major international success in the 1980s as Eurythmics. With a total of eight Brit Awards, including Best British Female Artist six times, Lennox has won more than any other female artist. She has also been named the \"Brits Champion of Champions\".", "Thomas Martin \"Tom\" Dumont (born January 11, 1968) is an American guitarist and producer. Dumont is a member of third wave ska band No Doubt, and during the band's hiatus, he began Invincible Overlord as a side project and produced Matt Costa's \"Songs We Sing\".", "David Allan \"Dave\" Stewart (born 9 September 1952) is an English musician, songwriter and record producer, best known for Eurythmics, his successful professional partnership with Annie Lennox. He is usually credited as David A. Stewart, to avoid confusion with other musicians named Dave Stewart. He won Best British Producer at the 1986, 1987 and 1990 Brit Awards.", "\"What You Waiting For?\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Gwen Stefani from her debut solo studio album, \"Love. Angel. Music. Baby.\" (2004). Written by Stefani and Linda Perry, the song is the album's opening track and was released as Stefani's debut solo single. \"What You Waiting For?\" details Stefani's lack of inspiration, fear of producing the album, as well as her reaction to pressures exerted by her record label. It is primarily an electropop song and introduces Stefani's four back-up dancers, the Harajuku Girls, who had a major input into the album's production.", "Rock and roll (often written as rock & roll or rock 'n' roll) is a genre of popular music that originated and evolved in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s, from African-American musical styles such as gospel, jazz, boogie woogie, and rhythm and blues, with country. While elements of rock and roll can be heard in blues records from the 1920s and in country records of the 1930s, the genre did not acquire its name until the 1950s.", "J Records was an American major record label owned and operated by Sony Music Entertainment, and was distributed through the RCA Music Group. The label was founded in 2000 and was dissolved into RCA Records in 2011.", "Dangerously in Love is the debut studio album by American singer Beyoncé. It was released on June 24, 2003 by Columbia Records. During the recording of Destiny's Child's third studio album, \"Survivor\" (2001), the group announced that they would produce solo albums to be released. Recording sessions for the album took place from March 2002 to March 2003 at several studios, during the hiatus of her then-group Destiny's Child. As executive producer of the album, Beyoncé took a wider role in its production, co-writing a majority of the songs, choosing which ones to produce and sharing ideas on the mixing and mastering of tracks.", "No Doubt is an American rock band from Anaheim, California, that formed in 1986. Since 1994, the group has consisted of vocalist Gwen Stefani, bassist and keyboardist Tony Kanal, guitarist and keyboardist Tom Dumont, and drummer Adrian Young. Since the mid-1990s in live performances and the studio, they have been supported by keyboardist and trombonist Gabrial McNair and keyboardist and trumpeter Stephen Bradley.", "Kelly Brianne Clarkson (born April 24, 1982) is an American singer, songwriter, actress and author. She rose to fame in 2002 after winning the first season of \"American Idol\", and has since been referred to as the \"Original American Idol\" and the \"Queen of Covers\". She also became the runner-up of \"World Idol\" the following year. Signing with RCA Records, Clarkson released her debut single, \"A Moment Like This\", which topped the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart and became the best-selling single of 2002 in the United States. Her debut studio album, \"Thankful\" (2003), debuted at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 and was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Its lead single, \"Miss Independent\", was a top-ten hit in various nations.", "Shakira Isabel Mebarak Ripoll (born 2 February 1977) is a Colombian singer, songwriter, dancer, and record producer. Born and raised in Barranquilla, she began performing in school, demonstrating Latin American, Arabic, and rock and roll influences and belly dancing abilities. Shakira's first studio albums, \"Magia\" and \"Peligro\", failed to attain commercial success in the 1990s; however, she rose to prominence in Latin America with her major-label debut, \"Pies Descalzos\" (1996), and her fourth album, \"Dónde Están los Ladrones?\" (1998).", "Parlophone Limited (also known as Parlophone Records) is a German-British record label that was founded in Germany in 1896 by the Carl Lindström Company as Parlophon. The British branch of the company was formed in 1923 as The Parlophone Co. Ltd., which developed a reputation in the 1920s as a leading jazz record label. In 1926, the Columbia Graphophone Company acquired Parlophone's business, name and releases. Columbia Graphophone later merged with the Gramophone Company in 1931 to become Electric & Musical Industries Limited (EMI). George Martin joined EMI in 1950 as assistant label manager, taking over as manager in 1955. Martin produced and released a mix of product including comedy recordings of the Goons, the pianist Mrs Mills, and teen idol Adam Faith.", "Leona Louise Lewis (born 3 April 1985) is a British singer, songwriter and animal welfare campaigner. She was born and raised in the London Borough of Islington, London, where she attended the BRIT School for Performing Arts and Technology. Lewis achieved national recognition when she won the third series of \"The X Factor\" in 2006, winning a £1 million recording contract with Simon Cowell's record label, Syco Music. Her winner's single, a cover of Kelly Clarkson's \"A Moment Like This\", peaked at number one for four weeks on the UK Singles Chart and it broke a world record for having 50,000 digital downloads within 30 minutes. In February 2007, Lewis signed a five-album contract in the United States with Clive Davis's record label, J Records.", "Beyoncé Giselle Knowles-Carter (born September 4, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter and actress. Born and raised in Houston, Texas, she performed in various singing and dancing competitions as a child and rose to fame in the late 1990s as lead singer of R&B girl-group Destiny's Child. Managed by her father, Mathew Knowles, the group became one of the world's best-selling girl groups of all time. Their hiatus saw the release of Beyoncé's debut album, \"Dangerously in Love\" (2003), which established her as a solo artist worldwide, earned five Grammy Awards and featured the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one singles \"Crazy in Love\" and \"Baby Boy\".", "Simon Phillip Cowell (born 7 October 1959) is an English reality television judge and producer, entrepreneur, and philanthropist. He is most recognised as a judge on the British TV talent competition series \"Pop Idol\", \"The X Factor\", and \"Britain's Got Talent\", and the American TV talent competition shows \"American Idol\", \"The X Factor,\" and \"America's Got Talent\". Cowell is the principal founder and chief executive of the British entertainment company Syco.", "Sophie Muller ( born 31 January 1962 ) is an English music video director , noted for her long - time collaborations with artists like The Strokes , Beyoncé , Coldplay , No Doubt , Gwen Stefani , Sade , Shakira , Shakespears Sister , Garbage , The Killers , Sophie Ellis - Bextor , Annie Lennox , Leona Lewis , Eurythmics , One Direction , Sam Smith , MIKA and Selena Gomez .", "The Brit Awards (sometimes stylised as the BRIT Awards; often simply called the Brits) are the British Phonographic Industry's annual pop music awards. The name was originally a shortened form of \"British\", \"Britain\" or \"Britannia\" (in the early days the awards were sponsored by Britannia Music Club), but subsequently became a backronym for British Record Industry Trusts Show. In addition, an equivalent awards ceremony for classical music, called the Classic Brit Awards, is held each May. Robbie Williams holds the record for the most Brit Awards, 13 as a solo artist and another five as part of Take That. ", "Indie rock is a genre of alternative rock that originated in the United States and the United Kingdom in the 1980s. Indie rock encapsulates indie pop and lo-fi, among others. Originally used to describe record labels, the term became associated with the music they produced and was initially used interchangeably with alternative rock. As grunge and punk revival bands in the US, and then Britpop bands in the UK, broke into the mainstream in the 1990s, it came to be used to identify those acts that retained an outsider and underground perspective. In the 2000s, as a result of changes in the music industry and the growing importance of the Internet, some indie rock acts began to enjoy commercial success, leading to questions about its meaningfulness as a term.", "The Tourists (19771980) were a British rock and pop band. They achieved brief success in the late 1970s before the band split in 1980. Two of its members, singer Annie Lennox and guitarist Dave Stewart, went on to achieve massive international success as Eurythmics.", "Destiny's Child was an American girl group whose final and best-known line-up comprised Beyoncé Knowles, Kelly Rowland, and Michelle Williams. Formed in 1997 in Houston, Texas, Destiny's Child members began their musical endeavors as Girl's Tyme comprising, formed in 1990, among others, Knowles, Rowland, LaTavia Roberson and LeToya Luckett. After years of limited success, they were signed in 1997 to Columbia Records and Music World Entertainment as Destiny's Child. Destiny's Child was launched into mainstream recognition following the 1999 release of their best-selling second album, \"The Writing's on the Wall\", which contained the number-one singles \"Bills, Bills, Bills\" and \"Say My Name\". Despite critical and commercial success, the group was plagued by internal conflict and legal turmoil, as Roberson and Luckett attempted to split from the group's manager Mathew Knowles, citing favoritism of Knowles and Rowland.", "David Brent \"Dave\" Keuning (born March 28, 1976) is an American guitarist. He is best known as the lead guitarist of the rock band The Killers, with whom he has recorded four studio albums.", "Tragic Kingdom is the third studio album by American rock band No Doubt. It was released on October 10, 1995 by Trauma Records, a division of Interscope Records. It is the final album to feature original keyboardist Eric Stefani, who left the band in 1994. The album was produced by Matthew Wilder and recorded in 11 studios in the Greater Los Angeles Area between March 1993 and October 1995. Between 1995 and 1998, seven singles were released from it, including \"Just a Girl\", which charted on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and the UK Singles Chart; and \"Don't Speak\", which reached number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 Airplay and peaked in the top five of many international charts.", "The Sweet Escape is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Gwen Stefani, released on December 1, 2006 by Interscope Records. Having originally intended to return to No Doubt after her debut solo album, \"Love. Angel. Music. Baby.\" (2004), Stefani decided to record a second album as a way to release some of the material left over from the \"Love. Angel. Music. Baby.\" writing sessions. The album musically resembles its predecessor while exploring more modern pop sounds. It was released to generally mixed reviews from contemporary music critics, receiving criticism for its strong similarities to \"Love. Angel. Music. Baby.\"", "\"Don't Speak\" is a song by the American rock band No Doubt. It was released in 1996 as the third single from the band's third studio album, \"Tragic Kingdom\" (1995). Vocalist Gwen Stefani wrote the song with her brother Eric Stefani about her bandmate and ex-boyfriend Tony Kanal shortly after he ended their seven-year relationship.", "\"A Moment Like This\" is the debut single by American singer Kelly Clarkson, the winner of the first season of \"American Idol\". It was released as a double-A side with \"Before Your Love\" and topped the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. The song was later included on her debut album, \"Thankful\" (2003). It is her coronation song from \"American Idol\".", "Clive Jay Davis (born April 4, 1932) is an American record producer, A&R executive and music industry executive. He has won five Grammy Awards and is a member of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a non-performer.", "Tony Ashwin Kanal (born 27 August 1970) is a British-American musician, record producer and songwriter. Kanal is the bassist for the American rock band No Doubt. His musical work outside of the band includes producing and songwriting with artists such as reggae singer Elan Atias and No Doubt bandmate Gwen Stefani, among others.", "\"Just a Girl\" is a song by the American rock band No Doubt. The song was released in 1995 as the album's lead single and helped the band break into mainstream music, peaking at number 23 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "The BRIT School for Performing Arts and Technology is a British performing arts and technology school located in Selhurst, Croydon, in the London Borough of Croydon, England, with a mandate to provide education and vocational training for the performing arts, media, art and design and the technologies that make performance possible. Selective in its intake, the school is notable for its numerous famous alumni including Marsha Ambrosius, Adele, Tara McDonald, Leo the Lion, Stefan Abingdon, Katy B, The Feeling, Imogen Heap, Jessie J, Cush Jumbo, Rizzle Kicks, the Kooks, King Krule, Loyle Carner, Leona Lewis, Raye, Ashley Madekwe, Katie Melua, Kate Nash, Shingai Shoniwa, Amy Winehouse, Ella Eyre, Rainy Milo and Antonio Orozco.", "¿Dónde Están los Ladrones?, is the fourth studio album by Colombian singer Shakira, released on 29 September 1998 by Columbia Records and Sony Music Latin. After attaining success with her major-label debut \"Pies Descalzos\" in 1996, Shakira opted to spend an increased amount of time developing her follow-up record. Its music incorporates Latin pop styles, additionally experimenting with rock en Español elements. As co-producer, Shakira enlisted previous collaborator Luis Fernando Ochoa to work with new partners Emilio Estefan, Pablo Florez, Javier Garza, and Lester Mendez. It was nominated for a Grammy Award in 1999 for Best Latin Rock Album.", "The UK Singles Chart (currently entitled Official Singles Chart) is compiled by the Official Charts Company (OCC), on behalf of the British record industry, listing the top-selling singles in the United Kingdom, based upon physical sales, paid-for downloads and streaming. To be eligible for the chart, a single is currently defined by the Official Charts Company (OCC) as either a 'single bundle' having no more than four tracks and not lasting longer than 25 minutes or one digital audio track not longer than 15 minutes with a minimum sale price of 40 pence. The rules have changed many times as technology has developed, the most notable being the inclusion of digital downloads in 2005 and streaming in 2014." ]

[ "academic", "american", "british", "chad", "colombia", "england", "español", "india", "london", "mexico", "nigeria", "qatar", "united kingdom", "united states of america" ]

[ "Bathingbourne is a farming hamlet in the southeastern part of the Isle of Wight. It is located on Bathingbourne Lane, northwest of Apse Heath and southwest of Hale Common. Bathingborne is part of the town of Sandown.", "The Solent is the strait that separates the Isle of Wight from the mainland of England. It is about 20 miles long and varies in width between two and a half and five miles, although the shingle Hurst Spit which projects one and a half miles into the Solent narrows the sea crossing between Hurst Castle and Colwell Bay to just over a mile.", "A shire is a traditional term for a division of land, found in the United Kingdom and Australia. It was first used in Wessex from the beginning of Anglo-Saxon settlement, and spread to most of the rest of England in the tenth century.", "The Isle of Wight is a county and the largest and second-most populous island in England. It is located in the English Channel, about 4 miles (6 km) off the coast of Hampshire, separated by the Solent. The island has resorts that have been holiday destinations since Victorian times, and is known for its mild climate, coastal scenery, and verdant landscape of fields, downland and chines.", "Hale Common is a farming hamlet on the Isle of Wight . Hale Common is on the A3056 road between Lake and Arreton . Hale Common is northeast of Bathingbourne and northwest of Branstone .", "The English Channel (\"the Sleeve\" [hence ] \"Sea of Brittany\" \"British Sea\"), also called simply the Channel, is the body of water that separates southern England from northern France, and joins the southern part of the North Sea to the rest of the Atlantic Ocean.", "Arreton is a village and civil parish in the central eastern part of the Isle of Wight, England. It is about 3 miles south east of Newport.", "Hampshire (; abbreviated Hants, archaically known as the County of Southampton) is a county on the southern coast of England in the United Kingdom. The county town of Hampshire is Winchester, the former capital city of England. Hampshire is the most populous ceremonial county in the United Kingdom (excluding the metropolitan counties) with almost half of the county's population living within the South Hampshire conurbation which includes the cities of Southampton and Portsmouth. The larger South Hampshire metropolitan area has a population of 1,547,000. Hampshire is notable for housing the birthplaces of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force. It is bordered by Dorset to the west, Wiltshire to the north-west, Berkshire to the north, Surrey to the north-east, and West Sussex to the east. The southern boundary is the coastline of the English Channel and the Solent, facing the Isle of Wight.", "Sandown is a seaside resort town and civil parish on the southeast coast of the Isle of Wight, England, which neighbours the town of Shanklin to the south, with the village of Lake in between the two settlements. Sandown Bay is the name of the bay off the English Channel which both towns share, and it is notable for its long stretch of easily accessible golden sandy beach. It is the site of the lost Sandown Castle. Whilst undergoing construction, this was attacked by a French force which had fought its way over Culver Down from Whitecliff Bay, resulting in the French being repulsed. It was built too far into the sea and constantly suffered erosion, until now reduced to a pile of rocks. Later forts in the town include the Diamond Fort (named after its plan), built inshore to replace the castle and which fought off a minor attack from privateers (probably French) in 1788, and the present \"Granite Fort\" at Yaverland, which is now the zoo.\nTogether with Shanklin, Sandown forms a built up area of 21,374 inhabitants.", "A downland is an area of open chalk hills. This term is especially used to describe the chalk countryside in southern England. Areas of downland are often referred to as Downs, deriving from a Celtic word for \"hills\".", "Apse Heath is a hamlet on the Isle of Wight, UK. Apse Heath is centered on the intersection of Newport Road and Alverstone Road. It is northeast of Whiteley Bank and south of Winford. Apse Heath is bordered by the leafy villages of Alverstone and Queen's Bower, and is surrounded by areas of woodland and agricultural land. It also sits roughly 2 miles east of the village of Newchurch, and 1 mile west of Lake." ]

[ "air force", "area", "army", "bay", "body of water", "channel", "city", "coast", "conurbation", "county", "downland", "england", "five", "force", "hamlet", "heath", "intersection", "island", "lake", "landscape", "metropolitan area", "navy", "parish", "part", "population", "road", "sea", "seaside resort", "settlement", "spit", "strait", "term", "town", "two", "village", "zoo" ]

[ "Russia (from the Rus'), also officially known as the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern, about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara.", "A diplomatic mission is a group of people from one state or an international inter-governmental organisation (such as the United Nations) present in another state to represent the sending state/organisation officially in the receiving state. In practice, a diplomatic mission usually denotes the resident mission, namely the office of a country's diplomatic representatives in the capital city of another country. As well as being a diplomatic mission to the country in which it is situated, it may also be a non-resident permanent mission to one or more other countries. There are thus resident and non-resident embassies.", "An urban area is a human settlement with high population density and infrastructure of built environment. Urban areas are created through urbanization and are categorized by urban morphology as cities, towns, conurbations or suburbs. In urbanism, the term contrasts to rural areas such as villages and hamlets and in urban sociology or urban anthropology it contrasts with natural environment. The creation of early predecessors of urban areas during the urban revolution led to the creation of human civilization with modern urban planning, which along with other human activities such as exploitation of natural resources leads to human impact on the environment.", "The Embassy of the United States of America in Moscow is the diplomatic mission of the United States of America in the Russian Federation. The embassy complex is located in the Presnensky District in the city center of Moscow. Its address is: \"Bolshoy Deviatinsky Pereulok No. 8\". The US citizen center is located nearby at \"21 Novinskiy Bulvar\".\nOrganization.\nThe embassy consists of the following sections:<ref name=\"moscow.usembassy.gov/offices\">moscow.usembassy.gov/offices. Retrieved 2008-10-08</ref>", "The American Center in Moscow is a cultural center located at the Embassy of the United States , Moscow , Russia . It was founded in 1993 by the U.S. Embassy to the Russian Federation . The American Center serves as a focal point of American culture in Russia 's capital and offers a variety of cultural and educational programs as well as access to print and online resources about the United States .", "Presnensky District, commonly called Presnya, is a district of Central Administrative Okrug of the federal city of Moscow, Russia. Population: ", "Moscow (or ) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 12.2 million residents within the city limits and 16.8 million within the urban area. Moscow has the status of a Russian federal city." ]

[ "12", "anthropology", "area", "capital", "city", "civilization", "diplomatic mission", "district", "embassy", "federation", "human", "human settlement", "infrastructure", "march", "may", "mission", "office", "organization", "part", "planning", "revolution", "saint", "sociology", "state", "urban planning" ]

[ "Brighton and Hove is a city in East Sussex, in South East England. At the 2011 census, it was England's most populous seaside resort with a population of 273,400.", "Petworth House in the parish of Petworth, West Sussex, England, is a late 17th-century Grade I listed country house, rebuilt in 1688 by Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset, and altered in the 1870s to the design of the architect Anthony Salvin. It contains intricate wood-carvings by Grinling Gibbons (d.1721). It is the manor house of the manor of Petworth. For centuries it was the southern home for the Percy family, Earls of Northumberland. Petworth is famous for its extensive art collection made by George Wyndham, 3rd Earl of Egremont (1751-1837), containing many works by his friend Turner. It also has an expansive deer park, landscaped by Capability Brown, which contains the largest herd of fallow deer in England.", "House music is a genre of electronic music created by club DJs and music producers that originated in Chicago in the early 1980s. Early house music was generally dance-based music characterized by repetitive 4/4 beats, rhythms mainly provided by drum machines, off-beat hi-hat cymbals, and synthesized basslines. While house displayed several characteristics similar to disco music, it was more electronic and minimalistic, and the repetitive rhythm of house was more important than the song itself. House music initially became popular in Chicago clubs in 1984, pioneered by figures such as Frankie Knuckles, Phuture, Kym Mazelle, and Mr. Fingers, and was associated with African-American and gay subcultures. House music quickly spread to other American cities such as Detroit, New York City, Baltimore, and Newark all of which developed their own regional scenes. In the mid-to-late 1980s, house music became popular in Europe as well as major cities in South America, and Australia.", "Deconstruction Records is a British record label founded in 1987 by Pete Hadfield and Keith Blackhurst, together with Mike Pickering of M People. According to \"DJ Magazine\" it is \"best remembered for marrying underground credibility and diversity with an open-minded attitude towards pop\".", "Godskitchen is an international superclub brand which is associated with dance music and organises events, particularly in the UK and US. The company used to run a club night of the same name at their nightclub AIR, in Birmingham. Godskitchen has an in-house music label. This label annually releases compilation albums, in addition to supporting new artists whom they believe bring something new to the genre.", "Surrey is a county in the south east of England and also one of the home counties bordering Greater London. Surrey shares borders with Kent to the east, East Sussex to the south-east, West Sussex to the south, Hampshire to the west and south-west and Berkshire to the north-west. The county town is Guildford. Surrey County Council sits extraterritorially at Kingston upon Thames, administered as part of Greater London since 1965. With a resident population of 1.1 million, Surrey is the most densely populated and third most populated county in the South East region, after Kent and Hampshire.", "DJ Magazine (also known as DJ Mag) is a British monthly magazine dedicated to electronic dance music and DJs. Founded in 1991, the magazine is adapted for distribution in UK, USA, Spain, France, Italy, Latin America, China, South Korea and Indonesia.", "Superclub is a term used to refer to a nightclub owned and managed by a dance music record label, such as anything other than Liquid in Portsmouth. EG The Haçienda club, which was owned by Factory Records. The term has also been used to describe large, multistory, high-capacity high-profile nightclubs, such as Pacha in Ibiza, or 1970s discotheques such as New York City's Studio 54 (opened in 1977) and The Saint (opened in 1980), and London's Heaven (opened in 1979), which were earlier versions of the genre.", "Scott Bond is a trance music artist, producer, and promoter from Birmingham, England, who began DJing in 1989. He started out DJing at venues such as Cream, Miss Moneypenny's, Fun and Gatecrasher, which he co-founded. He has toured internationally with Gatecrasher. He was voted World's Finest Resident DJ in the Mixmag Dance Awards.", "Birmingham is a major city and metropolitan borough of West Midlands, England. It is the largest and most populous British city outside London, with a population in 2014 of 1,101,360. The city is in the West Midlands Built-up Area, the third most populous urban area in the United Kingdom, with a population of 2,440,986 at the 2011 census. Birmingham's metropolitan area is the second most populous in the UK with a population of 3.8 million. This also makes Birmingham the 9th most populous metropolitan area in Europe.", "Arundel Castle is a restored and remodeled medieval castle in Arundel, West Sussex, England. It was established by Roger de Montgomery on Christmas Day 1068. Roger became the first to hold the earldom of Arundel by the graces of William the Conqueror. The castle was damaged in the English Civil War and then restored in the 18th and 19th centuries.", "Worthing is a large seaside town in England, with borough status in West Sussex, in the historic county of Sussex. It is situated at the foot of the South Downs, west of Brighton, and east of the county town of Chichester. With an estimated population of 104,600 and an area of the borough is the second largest component of the Brighton/Worthing/Littlehampton conurbation, which makes it part of the 15th most populous urban area in the United Kingdom.", "England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain (which lies in the North Atlantic) in its centre and south; and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight.", "Sussex (abbreviated Sx), from the Old English \"Sþsaxe\" (South Saxons), is a historic county in South East England corresponding roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex. It is bounded to the west by Hampshire, north by Surrey, north-east by Kent, south by the English Channel, and divided for local government into West Sussex and East Sussex and the city of Brighton and Hove. Brighton and Hove was created as a unitary authority in 1997, and granted City status in 2000. Until then, Chichester was Sussex's only city.", "John Fleming / flm / ( or John `` 00 '' Fleming ; born 1 April 1973 ) is an English trance producer and DJ from Worthing , West Sussex . He has had releases on record labels such as Ministry of Sound , Deconstruction Records , Logic Records , and 3 Beat Music . He also owns and runs Joof Recordings . He has performed at many clubs including Cream , Gatecrasher , Ministry of Sound , and Godskitchen . In his early 20s , Fleming battled lung cancer . Fleming was originally involved in goa music , but changed over to harder trance music before shifting to psychedelic trance . He traces his influences back to early 1990s acts such as Astral Projection and Juno Reactor . Global Trance Grooves is his monthly mix broadcast on Digitally Imported .", "M People are an English dance music band which formed in 1990 and achieved success throughout most of the 1990s. The name M People is short for Manchester People, who formed the group. In December 2016, \"Billboard magazine\" ranked them as the 83rd most successful dance artists of all-time.", "Crawley is a town and borough in West Sussex, England. It is south of Charing Cross (London), north of Brighton and Hove, and north-east of the county town of Chichester. Crawley covers an area of and had a population of 106,597 at the time of the 2011 Census.", "Gatecrasher One was a nightclub in Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England. The club was a converted warehouse owned by the Gatecrasher dance music brand. The nightclub was originally named The Republic, but this was changed in 2003 after a £1.5 million refurbishment. On 18 June 2007 the venue caught fire and partially collapsed. The building was later demolished.", "Michael Pickering (born 24 February 1958, Accrington, Lancashire, England) has DJed at The Haçienda's infamous \"Nude\" and \"Hot\" nights and later \"Shine\". He worked for Factory Records where he signed Happy Mondays, To Hell With Burgundy and James amongst others. He was the founder, writer and producer of Quando Quango and later M People, playing the saxophone, and as backing singer.", "West Sussex is a county in the south of England, bordering East Sussex (with Brighton and Hove) to the east, Hampshire to the west and Surrey to the north, and to the south the English Channel. Chichester in the southwest is the county town and only city in West Sussex, with the largest towns being Crawley, Worthing and Horsham. \nWest Sussex has a range of scenery, including wealden, downland and coastal. The highest point of the county is Blackdown, at 280 metres (919 ft). It has a number of stately homes including Goodwood, Petworth House and Uppark and also castles such as Arundel Castle and Bramber Castle. Over half the county is protected countryside, offering walking, cycling and other recreational opportunities.", "Sheffield is a city and metropolitan borough in South Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, its name derives from the River Sheaf, which runs through the city. With some of its southern suburbs annexed from Derbyshire, the city has grown from its largely industrial roots to encompass a wider economic base. The population of the City of Sheffield is and it is one of the eight largest regional English cities that make up the Core Cities Group. Sheffield is the third largest English district by population. The metropolitan population of Sheffield is 1,569,000.", "Petworth is a small town and civil parish in the Chichester District of West Sussex, England. It is located at the junction of the A272 east-west road from Heathfield to Winchester and the A283 Milford to Shoreham-by-Sea road. Some twelve miles (21 km) to the south west of Petworth along the A285 road lies Chichester and the south-coast. The parish includes the settlements of Byworth and Hampers Green and covers an area of . In 2001 the population of the parish was 2,775 persons living in 1,200 households of whom 1,326 were economically active. At the 2011 Census the population was 3,027.", "Gatecrasher is an international clubbing brand made famous by the \"Gatecrasher\" (later \"Crasher\") dance music events, which were held at the Gatecrasher One nightclub in Sheffield, UK during the late 1990s and early 2000s. The promoters of the brand are Simon Raine, Simon Oates and, until 2004, Scott Bond. As of August 2014, the only Gatecrasher venue remaining was located in the United Kingdom (UK) city of Birmingham which was closed down permanently by the authorities on November 25, 2015.\nThe site of Gatecrasher Birmingham on Broad street were acquired by Deltic (formerly called Luminar Leisure) who are to turn the venue into their Pryzm brand in the summer of 2016.", "Hampshire (; abbreviated Hants, archaically known as the County of Southampton) is a county on the southern coast of England in the United Kingdom. The county town of Hampshire is Winchester, the former capital city of England. Hampshire is the most populous ceremonial county in the United Kingdom (excluding the metropolitan counties) with almost half of the county's population living within the South Hampshire conurbation which includes the cities of Southampton and Portsmouth. The larger South Hampshire metropolitan area has a population of 1,547,000. Hampshire is notable for housing the birthplaces of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force. It is bordered by Dorset to the west, Wiltshire to the north-west, Berkshire to the north, Surrey to the north-east, and West Sussex to the east. The southern boundary is the coastline of the English Channel and the Solent, facing the Isle of Wight." ]

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[ "Warriors of Virtue is a 1997 Chinese-American martial arts fantasy film directed by Ronny Yu and starring Angus Macfadyen, Mario Yedidia, and Marley Shelton. It was released in English, Mandarin and Cantonese-language versions. The creature effects were designed by Academy Award-nominated special effect production house Alterian, Inc.", "The Fifth Patient is a 2007 American thriller film written and directed by Amir Mann . The film stars Nick Chinlund as John Reilly , an American national who finds himself in an African hospital where , he learns , he has spent the last two years due to a head injury . He remembers nothing of his past and is accused of being a spy . The film also stars Marley Shelton as Helen , a woman Reilly believes might be his wife . The film was shot in the United States and Mexico . It was released on June 10 , 2007 in the United States and October 23 , 2008 in Israel .", "Marley Eve Shelton (born April 12, 1974) is an American film and television actress. She made her film debut in the drama \"Grand Canyon\" (1991), which was followed by parts in the pictures \"The Sandlot\" (1993), \"Nixon\" (1995), and \"Warriors of Virtue\" (1997). In the late 1990s and early 2000s, she played significant roles in films aimed at a teenage audience, including \"Pleasantville\" (1998), \"Never Been Kissed\" (1999), \"Sugar & Spice\" (2001) and \" Valentine\" (2001). " ]

[ "chinese", "english" ]

[ "The South east Dorset conurbation (also known as the South Dorset conurbation, Poole-Bournemouth urban area and Bournemouth urban area) is a multi-centred conurbation on the south coast of Dorset in England. The area is rapidly becoming an amalgamation with the area of South West Hampshire immediately on the fringe of the newly formed New Forest National Park. The main population centres are Bournemouth, Poole and Christchurch; however, the urbanised area spreads as far east as Barton on Sea in Hampshire. There are a number of satellite towns peripheral to these main urban centres. In clockwise rotation these include: Wareham, Upton, Wimborne, Ferndown, Verwood and Ringwood (Hampshire). The urban area is generally surrounded by a green belt.", "Paternoster Square is an urban development, owned by the Mitsubishi Estate Co., next to St Paul's Cathedral in the City of London. The area, which takes its name from Paternoster Row, centre of the London publishing trade, was devastated by aerial bombardment in The Blitz during World War II. It is now the location of the London Stock Exchange which relocated there from Threadneedle Street in 2004. It is also the location of investment banks such as Goldman Sachs, Merrill Lynch and Nomura Securities Co., and of fund manager Fidelity Investments.", "RAF Hurn is a former World War II airfield in Dorset, England. The airfield is located approximately north east of Christchurch; about southwest of London", "A non-metropolitan county, or colloquially, shire county, is a county-level entity in England that is not a metropolitan county. The counties typically have populations of 300,000 to 1.4 million. The term \"shire county\" is, however, an unofficial usage. Many of the non-metropolitan counties bear historic names and most end in the suffix \"-shire\" such as Wiltshire or Staffordshire. Of the remainder, some counties had the -shire ending and have lost it over time; such as Devon and Somerset. \"Shire county\" is, strictly, a dual-language tautology since the French-derived \"county\" means the same as the older Anglo-Saxon word \"shire\".", "Meggitt PLC is a British engineering business specialising in aerospace equipment . It has its headquarters at Bournemouth Airport in Dorset . It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index .", "Bournemouth Airport (previously known as Hurn Airport and Bournemouth International Airport) is an airport located north-northeast of Bournemouth, in southern England. The site opened as RAF Hurn in 1941 and began commercial services in the late 1950s, with Palmair commencing flights to Majorca in October 1958.", "The London Stock Exchange Group plc is a British-based stock exchange and financial information company. It is headquartered in London, United Kingdom. It owns the Borsa Italiana, MillenniumIT, Russell Investments, FTSE International, Exactpro, majority stake in LCH, majority stake in MTS and the London Stock Exchange.", "Hampshire (; abbreviated Hants, archaically known as the County of Southampton) is a county on the southern coast of England in the United Kingdom. The county town of Hampshire is Winchester, the former capital city of England. Hampshire is the most populous ceremonial county in the United Kingdom (excluding the metropolitan counties) with almost half of the county's population living within the South Hampshire conurbation which includes the cities of Southampton and Portsmouth. The larger South Hampshire metropolitan area has a population of 1,547,000. Hampshire is notable for housing the birthplaces of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force. It is bordered by Dorset to the west, Wiltshire to the north-west, Berkshire to the north, Surrey to the north-east, and West Sussex to the east. The southern boundary is the coastline of the English Channel and the Solent, facing the Isle of Wight.", "Bournemouth is a large coastal resort town on the south coast of England directly to the east of the Jurassic Coast, a World Heritage Site. According to the 2011 census, the town has a population of 183,491 making it the largest settlement in Dorset. With Poole to the west and Christchurch in the east, Bournemouth forms the South East Dorset conurbation, which has a total population of over 465,000.", "Devon (archaically known as Devonshire) is a county of England, reaching from the Bristol Channel in the north to the English Channel in the south. It is part of South West England, bounded by Cornwall to the west, Somerset to the northeast, and Dorset to the east. The City of Exeter is the county town; seven other districts of East Devon, Mid Devon, North Devon, South Hams, Teignbridge, Torridge, and West Devon are under the jurisdiction of Devon County Council; Plymouth and Torbay are each a part of Devon but administered as unitary authorities. Combined as a ceremonial county, Devon's area is and its population is about 1.1 million.", "A stock exchange or bourse is an exchange where stock brokers and traders can buy and/or sell stocks (also called shares), bonds, and other securities. Stock exchanges may also provide facilities for issue and redemption of securities and other financial instruments, and capital events including the payment of income and dividends. Securities traded on a stock exchange include stock issued by listed companies, unit trusts, derivatives, pooled investment products and bonds. Stock exchanges often function as \"continuous auction\" markets, with buyers and sellers consummating transactions at a central location, such as the floor of the exchange.", "A shire is a traditional term for a division of land, found in the United Kingdom and Australia. It was first used in Wessex from the beginning of Anglo-Saxon settlement, and spread to most of the rest of England in the tenth century.", "Euronext NV is a European stock exchange seated in Amsterdam, Brussels, London, Lisbon and Paris. In addition to cash and derivatives markets, the Euronext group provides listing market data, market solutions, custody and settlement services. Its total product offering includes equities, exchange-traded funds, warrants and certificates, bonds, derivatives, commodities and indices.", "The London Stock Exchange (LSE) is a stock exchange located in the City of London in the United Kingdom. , the Exchange had a market capitalisation of US$6.06 trillion (short scale), making it the third-largest stock exchange in the world by this measurement (the largest in Europe, ahead of Euronext). The Exchange was founded in 1801 and its current premises are situated in Paternoster Square close to St Paul's Cathedral in the City of London. The Exchange is part of the London Stock Exchange Group.", "South West England is one of nine official regions of England. It is the largest in area, covering and the counties of Gloucestershire, Bristol, Wiltshire, Somerset, Dorset, Devon and Cornwall, as well as the Isles of Scilly. Five million people live in South West England.", "Somerset is a county in South West England which borders Gloucestershire and Bristol to the north, Wiltshire to the east, Dorset to the south-east and Devon to the south-west. It is bounded to the north and west by the Severn Estuary and the Bristol Channel, its coastline facing southeastern Wales. Its traditional border with Gloucestershire is the River Avon. Somerset's county town is Taunton.", "The City of London is a city and county within London. It constituted most of London from its settlement by the Romans in the 1st century AD to the Middle Ages, but the agglomeration has since grown far beyond the City's borders. The City is now only a tiny part of the metropolis of London, though it remains a notable part of central London. Administratively, it forms one of the 33 local authority districts of Greater London; however, the City of London is not a London borough, a status reserved for the other 32 districts (including London's only other city, the City of Westminster). ", "Hurn is a village and civil parish in southeast Dorset, England, between the River Stour and River Avon in the borough of Christchurch, north-east of the Bournemouth town centre. In 2001, the village had a population of 468.", "Poole is a large coastal town and seaport in the county of Dorset, on the south coast of England. The town is east of Dorchester, and adjoins Bournemouth to the east. The local council is Borough of Poole and was made a unitary authority in 1997, gaining administrative independence from Dorset County Council. The borough had a population of 147,645 at the 2011 census, making it the second largest in Dorset. Together with Bournemouth and Christchurch, the town forms the South East Dorset conurbation with a total population of over 465,000.", "A County town is usually the location of administrative or judicial functions within the county, or it has been established over time as the \"de facto\" main town of a county. The concept of a county town eventually became detached from its original meaning of where the county administration or county hall is based. In fact, many county towns are no longer part of the administrative county. For example, Nottingham is administered by a unitary authority entirely separate from the rest of Nottinghamshire. Many county towns are classified as cities, but all are referred to as county towns regardless of whether city status is held or not.", "The FTSE 250 Index is a capitalisation-weighted index consisting of the 101st to the 350th largest companies listed on the London Stock Exchange. Promotions and demotions to and from this index take place quarterly in March, June, September and December. This Index is calculated in real-time and published every minute.", "Dorset (or archaically, Dorsetshire) is a county in South West England on the English Channel coast. The ceremonial county comprises the non-metropolitan county, which is governed by Dorset County Council, and the unitary authority areas of Poole and Bournemouth. Covering an area of , Dorset borders Devon to the west, Somerset to the north-west, Wiltshire to the north-east, and Hampshire to the east. The county town is Dorchester which is in the south. After the reorganisation of local government in 1974 the county's border was extended eastward to incorporate the Hampshire towns of Bournemouth and Christchurch. Around half of the population lives in the South East Dorset conurbation, while the rest of the county is largely rural with a low population density.", "Wiltshire (or ) is a county in South West England with an area of . It is landlocked and borders the counties of Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire. The county town was Wilton but Wiltshire Council is now based in the new county town of Trowbridge.", "Dorset County Council (DCC) is the county council of Dorset in England. It provides the upper tier of local government, below which are district councils, and town and parish councils. The county council has 45 elected councillors and is based at County Hall in Dorchester.", "The English Channel (\"the Sleeve\" [hence ] \"Sea of Brittany\" \"British Sea\"), also called simply the Channel, is the body of water that separates southern England from northern France, and joins the southern part of the North Sea to the rest of the Atlantic Ocean.", "Palmair was a British tour operator with its head office in the Space House in Bournemouth, United Kingdom. Palmair offered charter and scheduled flights on behalf of Bath Travel. Its main base was Bournemouth Airport. Palmair have now stopped any flights for the foreseeable future and the airline has been placed into a \"deep freeze\" until the economic climate improves.", "East Dorset is a local government district in Dorset, England. Its council is based in Furzehill, near Wimborne Minster." ]

[ "amsterdam", "avon", "bath", "berkshire", "bournemouth", "bristol", "brussels", "central", "christchurch", "city of westminster", "devon", "england", "europe", "gloucestershire", "greater london", "hampshire", "isles of scilly", "lisbon", "london", "metropolis", "minster", "new forest", "nottingham", "oxfordshire", "paternoster square", "poole", "somerset", "southampton", "taunton", "threadneedle street", "trowbridge", "united kingdom", "wareham", "west sussex", "westminster", "wilton", "wiltshire" ]

[ "Louis Sebastian Theroux (; born 20 May 1970) is a British-American documentary filmmaker, and broadcaster. He is best known for his documentary series, including \"Louis Theroux's Weird Weekends\", \"When Louis Met...\", and his BBC Two specials. His career started in journalism and bears influences of notable writers in his family, such as his father Paul Theroux and brother Marcel. He works with the BBC producing his documentaries and television series. He has received two British Academy Television Awards and a Royal Television Society Television Award for his work.", "Alan Alexander Milne (18 January 1882 31 January 1956) was an English author, best known for his books about the teddy bear Winnie-the-Pooh and for various poems. Milne was a noted writer, primarily as a playwright, before the huge success of Pooh overshadowed all his previous work. Milne served in both World Wars, joining the British Army in World War I, and was a captain of the British Home Guard in World War II.", "A Member of Parliament (MP) is the \nrepresentative of the voters to a parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, this category includes specifically members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title.", "A university (\"a whole\", \"a corporation\") is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which grants academic degrees in various subjects. \nUniversities typically provide undergraduate education and postgraduate education.", "Anthony Neil Wedgwood Benn (3 April 1925 14 March 2014), originally known as Anthony Wedgwood Benn, but later as Tony Benn, was a British politician who was a Member of Parliament (MP) for 47 years between the 1950 and 2001 general elections and a Cabinet minister in the Labour governments of Harold Wilson and James Callaghan in the 1960s and 1970s. Originally a \"moderate\", he was identified as being on the party's hard left from the early 1980s, and was widely seen as a key proponent of democratic socialism within the party.", "Benjamin \"Ben\" Jonson (c. 11 June 1572 6 August 1637) was an English playwright, poet, actor, and literary critic of the 17th century, whose artistry exerted a lasting impact upon English poetry and stage comedy. He popularised the comedy of humours. He is best known for the satirical plays \"Every Man in His Humour\" (1598), \"Volpone, or The Fox\" (c. 1606), \"The Alchemist\" (1610) and \"Bartholomew Fair\" (1614) and for his lyric poetry; he is generally regarded as the second most important English playwright during the reign of James I after William Shakespeare.", "John Dryden ( ) was an English poet, literary critic, translator, and playwright who was made England's first Poet Laureate in 1668. ", "Lieutenant - General William Evelyn ( 10 February 1723 -- 13 August 1783 ) was a British soldier and Member of Parliament . The sixth son of Sir John Evelyn , 1st Baronet of Wotton , he was educated at Westminster School . He was commissioned as an Ensign in the 2nd Foot Guards in 1739 , became a Lieutenant - Colonel in 1754 , Colonel in 1762 , Major - General in 1770 and Lieutenant - General in 1777 . He was colonel of the 29th Foot from 1769 until his death . Evelyn entered Parliament in 1767 as member for Helston , replacing his elder brother ; he generally voted with the government in the House of Commons , although he is not recorded as having ever spoken . He did not stand for re-election in 1774 , but was a candidate for Helston once more in 1780 , when the returning officer made a double return ( reporting all the candidates in a disputed election as elected so that the relevant House of Commons committee could determine the outcome ) . The committee decided against him , so he was unable to retake his seat : nor , ironically , could his opponent Jocelyn Deane , who had died before the dispute was settled . Evelyn died unmarried in 1783 , and is buried at Send in Surrey .", "Edward Gibbon FRS (8 May 173716 January 1794) was an English historian, writer and Member of Parliament. His most important work, \"The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire\", was published in six volumes between 1776 and 1788 and is known for the quality and irony of its prose, its use of primary sources, and its open criticism of organised religion.", "Westminster School is an English independent day and boarding school located within the precincts of Westminster Abbey. It has the highest Oxford and Cambridge university acceptance rates of any secondary school or college in the world. With origins before the 12th century, the educational tradition of Westminster probably dates back as far as AD 960, in line with the Abbey's history. The school's alumni include Ben Jonson, John Dryden, Robert Hooke, Sir Christopher Wren, Louis Theroux, John Locke, Jeremy Bentham, Edward Gibbon, Henry Mayhew, A. A. Milne, Peter Ustinov, Tony Benn and seven Prime Ministers. Boys are admitted to the Under School at age seven and to the senior school at age thirteen; girls are admitted at age sixteen into the Sixth Form. The school has around 750 pupils; around a quarter are boarders, most of whom go home at weekends, after Saturday morning school. It is one of the original nine British public schools as defined by the Public Schools Act 1868. Charging up to £7,800 per term for day pupils and £11,264 for boarders in 2014/15, Westminster is the 13th most expensive HMC day school and 10th most expensive HMC boarding school in the UK.", "Jeremy Bentham (15 February 1748 [O.S. 4 February 1747] 6 June 1832) was an English philosopher, jurist, and social reformer. He is regarded as the founder of modern utilitarianism.", "Robert Hooke FRS (  3 March 1703) was an English natural philosopher, architect and polymath.", "Westminster Abbey, formally titled the Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, is a large, mainly Gothic abbey church in the City of Westminster, London, just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. It is one of the United Kingdom's most notable religious buildings and the traditional place of coronation and burial site for English and, later, British monarchs. Between 1540 and 1556, the abbey had the status of a cathedral. Since 1560, however, the building is no longer an abbey nor a cathedral, having instead the status of a Church of England \"Royal Peculiar\"a church responsible directly to the sovereign. The building itself is the original abbey church.", "Henry Mayhew (25 November 1812 25 July 1887) was an English social researcher, journalist, playwright and advocate of reform. He was one of the co-founders of the satirical and humorous magazine \"Punch\" in 1841, and was the magazine's joint-editor, with Mark Lemon, in its early days. He is also known for his work as a social researcher, publishing an extensive series of newspaper articles in the \"Morning Chronicle\" that was later compiled into the book series \"London Labour and the London Poor\" (1851), a groundbreaking and influential survey of the city's poor.", "John Locke (29 August 1632  28 October 1704) was an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the \"Father of Liberalism\". Considered one of the first of the British empiricists, following the tradition of Sir Francis Bacon, he is equally important to social contract theory. His work greatly affected the development of epistemology and political philosophy. His writings influenced Voltaire and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, many Scottish Enlightenment thinkers, as well as the American revolutionaries. His contributions to classical republicanism and liberal theory are reflected in the United States Declaration of Independence.", "Peter Ustinov (or ; 16 April 192128 March 2004), born Peter Alexander von Ustinov, was an English actor, writer, dramatist, filmmaker, theatre and opera director, stage designer, screenwriter, comedian, humorist, newspaper and magazine columnist, radio broadcaster, and television presenter. He was a fixture on television talk shows and lecture circuits for much of his career. A respected intellectual and diplomat, he held various academic posts and served as a Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF and President of the World Federalist Movement." ]

[ "academic", "actor", "advocate", "architect", "author", "book", "broadcaster", "captain", "columnist", "designer", "director", "documentary filmmaker", "editor", "father", "general", "historian", "journalism", "jurist", "literary critic", "member", "opera", "philosopher", "physician", "playwright", "poet", "politician", "polymath", "president", "religion", "religious", "research", "researcher", "social reformer", "translator", "united kingdom", "writer" ]

[ "Santa Ynez is a census-designated place (CDP) in the Santa Ynez Valley of Santa Barbara County, California. ", "Los Angeles (Spanish for \"The Angels\"), officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L.A., is the second-most populous city in the United States (after New York City), the most populous city in California and the county seat of Los Angeles County. Situated in Southern California, Los Angeles is known for its mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, sprawling metropolis, and as a major center of the American entertainment industry. Los Angeles lies in a large coastal basin surrounded on three sides by mountains reaching up to and over .", "A census-designated place (CDP) is a concentration of population defined by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes only. CDPs have been used in each decennial census since 1980 as the counterparts of incorporated places, such as cities, towns, and villages for the purposes of gathering and correlating statistical data. CDPs are populated areas that generally include one officially designated but currently unincorporated small community, for which the CDP is named, plus surrounding inhabited countryside of varying dimensions and, occasionally, other, smaller unincorporated communities as well. CDPs include small rural communities, colonias located along the U.S. border with Mexico, and unincorporated resort and retirement communities and their environs.", "The CIF Southern Section (CIF-SS) is the governing body for high school athletics in most of Southern California and is the largest of the ten sections that comprise the California Interscholastic Federation (CIF). Its membership includes most public and private high schools in Orange, Los Angeles, Riverside, San Bernardino, Ventura, Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, Mono and Inyo counties, as well as a small portion of Kern County. Teams from the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) and surrounding areas have competed in the CIF Los Angeles City Section since 1935. Needles High School, at the far eastern edge of San Bernardino County, and Coleville High School, in the far north of Mono County, are members of the Nevada Interscholastic Activities Association. CIFSS's offices are located in Los Alamitos.", "Santa Ynez Valley Union High School in Santa Ynez , California , is a public high school ( grades 9 -- 12 ) serving the Santa Ynez Valley . 1,150 students are enrolled . Santa Ynez High School was founded in 1896 . SYVUHS was a 2005 California Distinguished School . The school 's mascot is a pirate and its colors are orange and black . Sports teams compete in the CIF Southern Section Los Padres League . The school formerly participated in the International Baccalaureate Programme , but had to end the program because of a lack of funds . Two students completed the program .", "The Santa Ynez Mountains are a portion of the Transverse Ranges, part of the Pacific Coast Ranges of the west coast of North America. It is the westernmost range in the Transverse Ranges.", "The California Interscholastic Federation (CIF) is the governing body for high school sports in the state of California. CIF membership includes both public and private high schools. Unlike most other state organizations, it does not have a single, statewide championships for all sports; instead, for some sports, the CIF's 10 Sections each have their own championships.", "The San Rafael Mountains are a mountain range in central Santa Barbara County, California, U.S., separating the drainages of the Santa Ynez River and the Santa Maria River. They are part of the Transverse Ranges system of Southern California which in turn are part of the Pacific Coast Ranges system of western North America.", "Needles High School (NHS) is a public high school in Needles, California. It is part of the Needles Unified School District. The school nickname is the Mustang, and the school colors are royal blue and white. The current alma mater, \"All Hail to Thee,\" was written by members of the Class of 1959 as their gift to NHS as outgoing seniors. The school offers many extracurricular activities, including athletics, ASB (Associated Student Body), the Mock National Security Workshop, among others. Needles High School was featured on a School Pride television episode November 12, 2010. Needles High is one of five California high schools that is part of the Nevada Interscholastic Activities Association.", "The Solomon Hills are a low mountain range in the western Transverse Ranges, in northern Santa Barbara County, California. \nThe Hills separate the Santa Maria Valley and Santa Maria to the north, from the Los Alamos Valley and the Santa Ynez Valley to the south.", "A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses include agriculture, business, and traffic censuses. The United Nations defines the essential features of population and housing censuses as \"individual enumeration, universality within a defined territory, simultaneity and defined periodicity\", and recommends that population censuses be taken at least every 10 years. United Nations recommendations also cover census topics to be collected, official definitions, classifications and other useful information to co-ordinate international practice.", "California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western (Pacific Ocean) coast of the U.S., California is bordered by the other U.S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. The state capital is Sacramento. Los Angeles is California's most populous city, and the country's second largest after New York City. The state also has the nation's most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County.", "Santa Barbara County, California, officially the County of Santa Barbara, is a county located in the southern portion of the state of California, in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 423,895. The county seat is Santa Barbara, and the largest city is Santa Maria.", "The Santa Ynez Valley is located in Santa Barbara County, California, between the Santa Ynez Mountains to the south and the San Rafael Mountains to the north. The Santa Ynez River flows through the valley from east to west. The Santa Ynez Valley is separated from the Los Alamos Valley, to the northwest, by the Purisima Hills, and from the Santa Maria Valley by the Solomon Hills. The Santa Rita Hills separate the Santa Ynez Valley from the Santa Rita and Lompoc Valleys to the west.", "Nevada (Spanish for \"snowy\"; see pronunciations) is a state in the Western, Mountain West, and Southwestern regions of the United States of America. Nevada is the 7th most extensive, the 34th most populous, and the 9th least densely populated of the 50 United States. Nearly three-quarters of Nevada's people live in Clark County, which contains the Las VegasParadise metropolitan area where three of the state's four largest incorporated cities are located. Nevada's capital is Carson City. Nevada is officially known as the \"Silver State\" because of the importance of silver to its history and economy. It is also known as the \"Battle Born State\", because it achieved statehood during the Civil War (the words \"Battle Born\" also appear on the state flag); as the \"Sage-brush State\", for the native plant of the same name; and as the \"Sage-hen State\". Nevada borders Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast and Utah to the east.", "The Nevada Interscholastic Activities Association (NIAA) is the governing body of athletic programs for high schools in the state of Nevada. In addition, five schools in the state of California (Coleville, Needles, North Tahoe, South Tahoe, and Truckee) are also members as the schools are geographically isolated from other California schools.", "The Santa Ynez River is one of the largest rivers on the Central Coast of California. It is long, flowing from east to west through the Santa Ynez Valley, reaching the Pacific Ocean at Surf, near Vandenberg Air Force Base and the city of Lompoc." ]

[ "angeles", "arizona", "baja california", "california", "center", "central", "clark", "clark county", "district", "far north", "los angeles county", "mexico", "mono county", "most", "mountain", "nevada", "new york", "north", "north america", "northern", "of", "paradise", "river", "san bernardino", "santa barbara", "santa barbara county", "south", "southern california", "united states of america", "utah", "ventura", "west", "york" ]

[ "Alternating current (AC), is an electric current which periodically reverses polarity, whereas direct current (DC, also dc) flows only in one direction with a single polarity either positive or negative. Alternating current is the form in which electric power is delivered to businesses and residences, and it is the form of electric energy that consumers typically use when they plug kitchen appliances, televisions and electric lamps into a wall socket. A common source of DC power is a battery cell in a flashlight. The abbreviations \"AC\" and \"DC\" are often used to mean simply \"alternating\" and \"direct\", as when they modify \"current\" or \"voltage\".", "A flashlight (often called a torch outside North America) is a portable hand-held electric light. Usually, the source of the light is an incandescent light bulb or light-emitting diode (LED). A typical flashlight consists of a light bulb mounted in a reflector, a transparent cover (sometimes combined with a lens) to protect the light source and reflector, a battery, and a switch. These are supported and protected by a case.", "An ion is an atom or a molecule in which the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, giving the atom or molecule a net positive or negative electrical charge. Ions can be created, by either chemical or physical means, via ionization.", "Electric power transmission is the bulk movement of electrical energy from a generating site, such as a power plant, to an electrical substation. The interconnected lines which facilitate this movement are known as a transmission network. This is distinct from the local wiring between high-voltage substations and customers, which is typically referred to as electric power distribution. The combined transmission and distribution network is known as the \"power grid\" in North America, or just \"the grid\". In the United Kingdom, the network is known as the \"National Grid\".", "Electric power is the rate, per unit time, at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit. The SI unit of power is the watt, one joule per second.", "An electric current is a flow of electric charge. In electric circuits this charge is often carried by moving electrons in a wire. It can also be carried by ions in an electrolyte, or by both ions and electrons such as in a plasma.", "Voltage, electric potential difference, electric pressure or electric tension (formally denoted or , but more often simply as \"V\" or \"U\", for instance in the context of Ohm's or Kirchhoff's laws) is the difference in electric potential energy between two points per unit electric charge. The voltage between two points is equal to the work done per unit of charge against a static electric field to move the test charge between two points and is measured in units of \"volts\" (a joule per coulomb).", "Direct current (DC) is the unidirectional flow of electric charge. Direct current is produced by sources such as batteries, power supplies, thermocouples, solar cells, or dynamos. Direct current may flow in a conductor such as a wire, but can also flow through semiconductors, insulators, or even through a vacuum as in electron or ion beams. The electric current flows in a constant direction, distinguishing it from alternating current (AC). A term formerly used for this type of current was galvanic current.", "An HVDC converter station ( or simply converter station ) is a specialised type of substation which forms the terminal equipment for a high - voltage direct current ( HVDC ) transmission line . It converts direct current to alternating current or the reverse . In addition to the converter , the station usually contains : three - phase alternating current switch gear transformers capacitors or synchronous condensers for reactive power filters for harmonic suppression , and direct current switch gear .", "The volt (symbol: V) is the derived unit for electric potential, electric potential difference (voltage), and electromotive force. The volt is named in honour of the Italian physicist Alessandro Volta (17451827), who invented the voltaic pile, possibly the first chemical battery.", "A high-voltage, direct current (HVDC) electric power transmission system (also called a power super highway or an electrical super highway) uses direct current for the bulk transmission of electrical power, in contrast with the more common alternating current (AC) systems. For long-distance transmission, HVDC systems may be less expensive and suffer lower electrical losses. For underwater power cables, HVDC avoids the heavy currents required to charge and discharge the cable capacitance each cycle. For shorter distances, the higher cost of DC conversion equipment compared to an AC system may still be justified, due to other benefits of direct current links.", "Capacitance is the ability of a body to store an electric charge. There are two closely related notions of capacitance: \"self capacitance\" and \"mutual capacitance\", that are usually both designated by the same term \"capacitance\". A material with a large self capacitance holds more electric charge at a given voltage, than one with low capacitance. Any object that can be electrically charged exhibits self capacitance. The notion of mutual capacitance is particularly important for understanding the operations of the capacitor, one of the three fundamental electronic components (along with resistors and inductors)." ]

[ "battery", "charge", "chemical", "conductor", "constant", "cycle", "direction", "electric current", "electric light", "electric power transmission", "energy", "equipment", "highway", "ion", "material", "may", "negative", "network", "number", "object", "store", "symbol", "system", "term", "three", "time", "wall", "work" ]

[ "Jade Aurora MacRae (born June 4, 1979) is an Australian soul singer and the daughter of two professional New Zealand musicians who live in the United Kingdom (UK). Her debut single \"You Make Me Weak\" debuted in the top 50 places of the Australian singles charts in November 2004, while her follow-up single from the movie Zoolander \"So Hot Right Now\" debuted in the top 20 places of the Australian singles charts in February 2005.", "`` You Make Me Weak '' was the debut single by Australian R&B star Jade MacRae . The song was released in October , 2004 , to critical acclaim and a highly anticipated launch by the Australia underground urban scene . The song instantly reached the Australian ARIA Charts , however it only managed to peak at # 46 , due to the lack of promotion .", "New Zealand is an island nation in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The country geographically comprises two main landmassesthat of the North Island, or Te Ika-a-Mui, and the South Island, or Te Waipounamuand numerous smaller islands. New Zealand is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly south of the Pacific island areas of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga. Because of its remoteness, it was one of the last lands to be settled by humans. During its long period of isolation, New Zealand developed a distinct biodiversity of animal, fungal and plant life. The country's varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks, such as the Southern Alps, owe much to the tectonic uplift of land and volcanic eruptions. New Zealand's capital city is Wellington, while its most populous city is Auckland." ]

[ "&", "1979", "20", "2004", "2005", "4", "46", "animal", "aria", "as", "aurora", "city", "humans", "is", "islands", "jade", "june 4", "lack", "last", "life", "live", "mountain", "nation", "new", "now", "only", "or", "pacific", "places", "r", "s", "scene", "single", "singles", "so hot right now", "song", "the song", "to be", "two", "underground", "weak", "you" ]

[ "A songwriter is an individual who writes the lyrics, melodies and chord progressions for songs, typically for a popular music genre such as rock or country music. A songwriter can also be called a composer, although the latter term tends to be used mainly for individuals from the classical music genre. The pressure from the music industry to produce popular hits means that songwriting is often an activity for which the tasks are distributed between a number of people. For example, a songwriter who excels at writing lyrics might be paired with a songwriter with a gift for creating original melodies. Pop songs may be written by group members from the band or by staff writers songwriters directly employed by music publishers. Some songwriters serve as their own music publishers, while others have outside publishers.", "Tracie Monique Spencer (born July 12, 1976) is an American R&B/pop singersongwriter, actress, and model. Spencer is best known for her singles from the late1980s and early1990s; \"Symptoms of True Love\" (1988), \"Tender Kisses\" (1991) and \"It's All About You (Not About Me)\" (1999). As of 2007, Spencer has taken a hiatus from music; however, she is still modeling and pursuing other interests.", "`` This Time Make It Funky '' is the third single from Tracie Spencer 's second album , Make the Difference . The single was released on May 1 , 1991 . As stated in the title , the track samples many different hip - hop beats and rhythms as Spencer tells the DJ ( Sir Spence ) to `` drop the bass ... and make it funky '' .", "Make the Difference is American singer Tracie Spencer's second album.", "\"Symptoms of True Love\" is the second single from Tracie Spencer's self-titled debut album. The single was released in 1988. It was written by German composer team Irmgard Klarmann and Felix Weber. Unlike her first single (which was a ballad), this song was an uptempo club/dance track. The theme of the song focuses on Spencer discovering that she is suffering from \"symptoms of true love\" and lists the causes.", "\"Tender Kisses\" is the fourth single from Tracie Spencer's second album, \"Make the Difference\". The single was released on July 16, 1991. It was written by Matt Sherrod, Paul Sherrod, Sir Spence and Tracie Spencer. This song is one of Tracie Spencer's best known hits to date, reaching number one on the R&B chart in the U.S. The theme of the song focuses on being heartbroken after a breakup.", "\"It's All About You (Not About Me)\" is the first single from Tracie Spencer's third album, \"Tracie\". The single was released on June 27, 1999. It was written by Heavynn, Karlin, and Schack. This was Spencer's first single since \"Love Me\" in 1992. A remix version features Black Thought from The Roots." ]

[ "&", "12", "1976", "1980s", "1988", "1992", "27", "a", "album", "all", "all about you", "b", "ballad", "best", "country music", "first", "gift", "hits", "is", "it was written", "july", "july 12", "july 16", "music", "on", "or", "people", "popular", "pressure", "r", "remix", "rock", "s", "second", "second album", "self", "single", "singles", "song", "songwriter", "team", "tender", "tender kisses", "the band", "the difference", "theme", "this", "to be", "true love", "u", "you" ]

[ "Rotherham is a large town in South Yorkshire, England, which together with its conurbation and outlying settlements to the north, south and south-east forms the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham, with a recorded population of 257,280 in the 2011 census. Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, its central area is on the banks of the River Don below its confluence with the Rother on the traditional road between Sheffield and Doncaster. Rotherham is today the largest town in a contiguous area with Sheffield, informally known as the Sheffield Urban Area and is as such an economic centre for many of Sheffield's suburbs Sheffield City Centre is from Rotherham town centre.", "The Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham is a metropolitan borough of South Yorkshire, England. It is named after its largest town, Rotherham, but also spans the outlying towns of Maltby, Rawmarsh, Swinton, Wath-upon-Dearne, and also Dinnington and Laughton \nas well as a suburban and rural element composed of hills, escarpments and broad valleys.", "John Middleton ( born 11 July 1955 ) is an English former footballer who played for Bradford City and Macclesfield Town . He was born in Rawmarsh , near Rotherham .", "The Sheffield Urban Area is a conurbation with a population of 685,368 according to the 2011 census. This was a 7% increase on the 2001 population of 640,720 making it the 8th largest conurbation in the United Kingdom and England's 6th largest. Named the Sheffield Urban Area by the Office for National Statistics, it must not be confused with the Sheffield City Region, a non-government term, although often used, particularly by the business community. The conurbation dominates South Yorkshire, with over half of the county's population living in this urban area. In 2001 the population density of the urban area was 3,949.2 people per km by 2011 this had increased slightly to 4,092 people per km.", "The West Riding of Yorkshire is one of the three historic subdivisions of Yorkshire, England. From 1889 to 1974 the administrative county, County of York, West Riding (abbreviated: \"County of York (W.R.)\") (the area under the control of West Riding County Council), was based closely on the historic boundaries. The lieutenancy at that time included the City of York and as such was named West Riding of the County of York and the County of the City of York.", "Rother is a local government district in East Sussex, England. The district is named after the River Rother which flows within its boundaries.", "Rawmarsh (locally ) is a large village in the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham, in South Yorkshire, England. Historically within the West Riding of Yorkshire, it is north north east from Rotherham town centre and south south west of Swinton. The village also forms part of the Sheffield Urban Area.The Rawmarsh ward of Rotherham MBC had a population of 13,389 only at the 2011 Census. Rawmarsh also contains other output areas from neighbouring wards giving it a population of 18,498 in 2011 and 18,535 in 2014.", "South Yorkshire is a metropolitan county in England. It is the southernmost county in the Yorkshire and the Humber region and had a population of 1.34 million in 2011. It has an area of and consists of four metropolitan boroughs, Barnsley, Doncaster, Rotherham and Sheffield. South Yorkshire was created on 1 April 1974 as a result of the Local Government Act 1972 with Barnsley as its county town.", "Doncaster (or ), is a large market town in South Yorkshire, England. Together with its surrounding suburbs and settlements, the town forms part of the Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster, which had a population of . The town itself has a population of 109,805. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, Doncaster is about from Sheffield, with which it is served jointly by an international airport, Robin Hood Airport Doncaster Sheffield in Finningley. The Doncaster Urban Area had a population of 158,141 in 2011 and includes Doncaster and the neighbouring small town of Bentley as well as some other villages.", "York is a historic walled city at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. The municipality is the traditional county town of Yorkshire to which it gives its name. The city has a rich heritage and has provided the backdrop to major political events in England throughout much of its two millennia of existence. The city offers a wealth of historic attractions, of which York Minster is the most prominent, and a variety of cultural and sporting activities making it a popular tourist destination for millions.", "Sheffield is a city and metropolitan borough in South Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, its name derives from the River Sheaf, which runs through the city. With some of its southern suburbs annexed from Derbyshire, the city has grown from its largely industrial roots to encompass a wider economic base. The population of the City of Sheffield is and it is one of the eight largest regional English cities that make up the Core Cities Group. Sheffield is the third largest English district by population. The metropolitan population of Sheffield is 1,569,000." ]

[ "england", "united kingdom" ]

[ "Canada (French: ) is a country in the northern half of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area and the fourth-largest country by land area. Canada's border with the United States is the world's longest land border. The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains. About four-fifths of the country's population of 36 million people is urbanized and live near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, its largest city is Toronto; other major urban areas include Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg and Hamilton.", "The Assiniboine Memorial Curling Club is located in the northwestern area of Winnipeg , in the community of St. James . The curling club was started up in 1929 and was nicknamed the ' root cellar ' , it had only 2 sheets of ice at the time . The AMCC moved to their current site , at Vimy and Hamilton , in 1962 . This new location was built with 4 sheets and then expanded to 8 , as it has today . A small fire destroyed part of the clubrooms and arena in 1972 , most of the original structure remained and was rebuilt . In 1992 the AMCC addressed the problem of the shifting Winnipeg ' gumbo ' under the ice sheets in 1992 . The ice was dug out 6 feet beneath the curling rink , filled with sand , and covered with styrofoam to prevent shifting of the ice . The AMCC is the home of the 1995 world champion Kerry Burtnyk rink and is also home to the Mike McEwen and Al McLean ( radio celebrity ) squads .", "Winnipeg is the capital and largest city of the province of Manitoba in Canada. It is located near the longitudinal centre of North America, at the confluence of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers.", "In geography, a confluence is the meeting of two or more bodies of water. Also known as a \"conflux\", it refers either to the point where a tributary joins a larger river, (main stem), or where two streams meet to become the source of a river of a new name, such as the confluence of the Monongahela and Allegheny rivers in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania creating the Ohio River.", "Manitoba is a province at the longitudinal centre of Canada. It is one of the three prairie provinces (with Alberta and Saskatchewan) and Canada's fifth-most populous province with its estimated 1.3 million people. Manitoba covers with a widely varied landscape. The province is bordered by the provinces of Ontario to the east and Saskatchewan to the west, the territories of Nunavut to the north, and Northwest Territories to the northwest, and the US states of North Dakota and Minnesota to the south." ]

[ "allegheny", "calgary", "canada", "dakota", "forest", "hamilton", "manitoba", "most", "north", "northern", "northwest", "northwest territories", "nunavut", "of", "pennsylvania", "quebec city", "river", "south", "vancouver", "west", "winnipeg" ]

[ "Harold Gordon `` Tanky '' Challenor , MM ( 16 March 1922 -- 28 August 2008 ) was a wartime member of the SAS , decorated for his part in Operation Speedwell . After the war he joined the Metropolitan Police , spending much of his career in CID . In 1963 , when holding the rank of Detective Sergeant , he was charged with corruption offences and was subsequently found to have been suffering from mental health problems and deemed not to be fit to stand trial . He was sent to a secure hospital , and on his release , he joined the firm of solicitors which had defended him . A public enquiry was held into his actions and why his health problems had not been noticed by his superiors .", "The Special Air Service (SAS) is a special forces unit of the British Army. The SAS was founded in 1941 as a regiment, and later reconstituted as a corps in 1950. The unit undertakes a number of roles including covert reconnaissance, counter-terrorism, direct action and hostage rescue.", "During World War II, Operation Speedwell was an early Special Air Service raid against Italian rail targets near Genoa starting on 7 September 1943. The fourteen-man group split into a number of smaller units to destroy track and ambush trains. The raiders returned to friendly lines by foot after up to seven months behind enemy lines." ]

[ "army", "british army", "special air service" ]

[ "Conquistadors (from Portuguese or Spanish \"conquistadores\" \"conquerors\" ) is a term used to refer to the soldiers and explorers of the Spanish Empire or the Portuguese Empire in a general sense. During the Age of Discovery, conquistadors sailed beyond Europe to the Americas, Oceania, Africa and Asia, conquering territory and opening trade routes. They colonized much of the world for Spain and Portugal in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries.", "Diego de Almagro, (c. 1475 July 8, 1538), also known as El Adelantado and El Viejo, was a Spanish conquistador and a companion and later rival of Francisco Pizarro. He participated in the Spanish conquest of Peru and is credited as the first European discoverer of Chile.", "After the assassination of Francisco Pizarro, in retaliation for his father's execution in 1538, Diego de Almagro II, \"El Mozo\", continued to press claims as the rightful ruler of Peru and as leader of his father's supporters. His claims were largely unsuccessful, however, as Pizarro was succeeded as governor by Cristóbal Vaca de Castro, despite claims from his brother Gonzalo Pizarro, whose claims to join arms against the Almagristas and \"El Mozo\" largely remained unanswered.", "The Age of Discovery or the Age of Exploration from the end of the 15th century to the 18th century, was an informal and loosely defined European historical period marking the time period in which extensive overseas exploration emerged as a powerful factor in European culture and the beginning of globalization. It also marks the rise of the period of widespread adoption in Europe of colonialism and mercantilism. Many lands previously unknown to Europeans were discovered during this period, though most were already inhabited. From the perspective of many non-Europeans, the Age of Discovery marked the arrival of settlers and invaders from a previously unknown continent. \nGlobal exploration started with the Portuguese discoveries of the Atlantic archipelagos of Madeira and the Azores, the coast of Africa, and the discovery of the sea route to India in 1498; and, on behalf of the Crown of Castile (Spain), the trans-Atlantic Voyages of Christopher Columbus between 1492 and 1502, and the first circumnavigation of the globe in 15191522. These discoveries led to numerous naval expeditions across the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans, and land expeditions in the Americas, Asia, Africa, and Australia that continued into the late 19th century, and ended with the exploration of the polar regions in the 20th century.", "Francisco Pizarro González (\"circa\" 1471 or 1476 26 June 1541) was a Spanish conquistador who led an expedition that conquered the Inca Empire. He captured and killed Incan emperor Atahualpa and claimed the lands for Spain.", "Pedro de Candia ( 1485 - + 1542 ) was a Greek Conquistador and explorer . Specialized in the use of firearms and artillery , he participated in the conquest of Peru . He was killed in the Battle of Chupas , ( Peru ) , on 16 September 1542 , by Diego de Almagro II.", "Diego de Almagro II (1520 September 16th, 1542) called \"El Mozo\" (the lad), was the assassin of Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro. El Mozo, named Diego de Almagro after his father, was the son of the famous Diego de Almagro and a native Panamanian Indian.", "The Portuguese Empire, also known as the Portuguese Overseas (\"Ultramar Português\"), was the first colonial empire, spanning almost six centuries from the capture of Ceuta in 1415 to the grant of sovereignty to East Timor in 2002. The empire spread throughout a vast number of territories that are now parts of 60 different sovereign states. It was one of the largest empires in history and at the peak of its power, was the first to reach global dimensions through a long network of numerous territories and smaller possessions. Portugal's colonial trade had a substantial positive impact on Portuguese economic growth.", "Cristóbal Vaca de Castro (c. 1492, Izagre, León, Spain1566, Valladolid, Spain) was a Spanish colonial administrator in Peru.", "Gonzalo Pizarro y Alonso (1510 April 10, 1548) was a Spanish conquistador and younger paternal half-brother of Francisco Pizarro, the conqueror of the Inca Empire. Bastard son of Captain Gonzalo Pizarro y Rodríguez de Aguilar (senior) (14461522) who as colonel of infantry served in the Italian campaigns under Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, and in Navarre, with some distinction, and María Alonso, from Trujillo. He was the half brother of Francisco and Hernándo Pizarro and the full brother of Juan Pizarro." ]

[ "10", "1415", "1471", "1475", "1476", "1492", "1498", "1510", "1520", "1522", "1538", "1542", "1548", "1566", "2002", "8" ]

[ "Vienna is the capital and largest city of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.8 million (2.6 million within the metropolitan area, nearly one third of Austria's population), and its cultural, economic, and political centre. It is the 7th-largest city by population within city limits in the European Union. Until the beginning of the 20th century, it was the largest German-speaking city in the world, and before the splitting of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in World War I, the city had 2 million inhabitants. Today, it has the second largest number of German speakers after Berlin. Vienna is host to many major international organizations, including the United Nations and OPEC. The city is located in the eastern part of Austria and is close to the borders of the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary. These regions work together in a European Centrope border region. Along with nearby Bratislava, Vienna forms a metropolitan region with 3 million inhabitants. In 2001, the city centre was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.", "Hrvatski Idol is the Croatian version of Pop Idol . There have been two seasons of Hrvatski Idol . The first one was won by Žanamari Lali ( her famous black hair has now dyed into blonde ) , who received 54 % of the vote in the finale night . Patrick Jurdi won the second season , with 50.22 % of the vote in the finale , since the number of received phonecalls was only 2.296 votes , Jurdi won with not more than 10 votes over runner - up Lidija Bai . Both winners did try out on other countries similar casting shows before : Lali in Germany and Jurdi in both his homecountry Austria and the Czech Republic . However , both failed to achieve some success on their first tries and were eliminated pretty early in the competition . Although season one being successful with viewers , the sophomore series failed to continue this success and a third season was delayed and after an absence of four years the show returned to Croatian screens under the new name Hrvatska traži zvijezdu on RTL Televizija .", "Simon Fuller (born 17 May 1960) is an English entrepreneur, artist manager and television producer. He is best known for being the creator of the \"Idol\" franchise, which was first seen in the UK under the name \"Pop Idol\", and includes \"American Idol\" in the U.S. Fuller is the executive producer of many other hit shows including the Fox TV reality shows \"So You Think You Can Dance\" and \"Q'Viva\".", "Žanamari Peri (ex Lali) (born 8 September 1981) is a Croatian \"pop\"/\"pop-rock\" musician and singer-songwriter, also known as the first winner of \"Hrvatski idol\", Croatian equivalent of \"Pop Idol\", in 2004. In 2013 she participated as a star in the Croatian TV show \"Dancing With The Stars\"/\"Ples sa zvijezdama\".", "The X Factor is a television music competition franchise created by Simon Cowell. It originated in the United Kingdom, where it was devised as a replacement for \"Pop Idol\" (200103). It is held in various countries. The programmes are produced by executive producer Simon Cowell and his company SYCOtv. The \"X Factor\" of the title refers to the undefinable \"something\" that makes for star quality. The prize is usually a recording contract, in addition to the publicity that appearance in the later stages of the show itself generates, not only for the winner but also for other highly ranked contestants.", "Croatia, officially the Republic of Croatia, is a sovereign state between Central Europe, Southeast Europe, and the Mediterranean. Its capital city is Zagreb, which forms one of the country's primary subdivisions, along with its twenty counties. Croatia covers and has diverse, mostly continental and Mediterranean climates. Croatia's Adriatic Sea coast contains more than a thousand islands. The country's population is 4.28 million, most of whom are Croats, with the most common religious denomination being Roman Catholicism.", "Dancing with the Stars is the name of several international television series based on the format of the British TV series \"Strictly Come Dancing\", which is distributed by BBC Worldwide, the commercial arm of the BBC. Currently the format has been licensed to over 42 territories.", "Patrick Jurdi (\"also known as\" Patrick Jurdi & Patrick Jurdic) (born 14 December 1985 in Vienna, Austria) is an Austro-Croatian singer who rose to popularity after winning \"Hrvatski Idol 2\", the Croatian version of \"Pop Idol\", shown by Nova TV. Additionally, he also took part in Austria's casting show Starmania and reached the top-12. One of the songs from his album \"Reci Da Si Za\", called \"The Party\", written by Gordon Pogoda, Johnny Elkins, Cutfather & Joe, was released as a single and video.", "Pop Idol is a British television music competition created by Simon Fuller which ran on ITV from 2001 to 2003. The aim of the show was to decide the best new young pop singer (or \"pop idol\") in the UK based on viewer voting and participation. Two series were broadcastone in 20012002 and a second in 2003. \"Pop Idol\" was subsequently put on an indefinite hiatus after series judge Simon Cowell announced the launch of \"The X Factor\" in the UK in April 2004." ]

[ "bbc worldwide", "city", "itv", "nova tv", "q", "simon cowell", "simon fuller", "united nations" ]

[ "Do n't Open Till Christmas is a 1984 horror film directed by Edmund Purdom , and written by Derek Ford and Alan Birkinshaw .", "Auckland is a city in the North Island of New Zealand. It is the most populous urban area in the country. Auckland has a population of , which constitutes percent of New Zealand's population. It is part of the wider Auckland Regionthe area governed by the Auckland Councilwhich also includes outlying rural areas and the islands of the Hauraki Gulf, resulting in a total population of . Auckland also has the largest Polynesian population of any city in the world. The Mori language name for Auckland is or , meaning \"Tmaki with a hundred lovers\", in reference to the desirability of its fertile land at the hub of waterways in all directions. It has also been called karana, the Mori enunciation of \"Auckland\".", "Edmund Anthony Cutlar Purdom (19 December 19241 January 2009) was a British actor. He worked first on stage in Britain, performing various works by Shakespeare, then later in America on Broadway, until making his way to Hollywood, and eventually spent the remainder of his life appearing in Italian cinema. He is perhaps best known for his starring role in 1954's historical epic \"The Egyptian\".", "Alan Birkinshaw, FRGS (born 15 June 1944, in Auckland, New Zealand) is a British film director, writer, and television and film producer.", "Abraham \"Bram\" Stoker (8 November 1847  20 April 1912) was an Irish author, best known today for his 1897 Gothic novel \"Dracula\". During his lifetime, he was better known as the personal assistant of actor Henry Irving and business manager of the Lyceum Theatre in London, which Irving owned.", "Horror film is a film genre that seeks to elicit a negative emotional reaction from viewers by playing on their fears. Inspired by literature from authors like Edgar Allan Poe, Bram Stoker, and Mary Shelley, horror films have existed for more than a century. The macabre and the supernatural are frequent themes. Horror may also overlap with the fantasy, supernatural fiction and thriller genres.", "The supernatural (Medieval Latin: \"superntrlis\": \"supra\" \"above\" + \"naturalis\" \"natural\", first used: 15201530 AD) includes all that cannot be explained by science or the laws of nature, including things characteristic of or relating to ghosts, gods, or other supernatural beings, or to things beyond nature.", "A film genre (or ) is a motion picture category based on similarities in either the narrative elements or the emotional response to the film (namely, serious, comic, etc.). Most theories of film genre are borrowed from literary genre criticism. The basic genres include fiction and documentary, from which subgenres have emerged, such as docufiction and docudrama. Other subgenres include the courtroom and trial-focused drama known as the legal drama. Types of fiction which may seem unrelated can also be combined to form hybrid subgenres, such as the melding of horror and comedy in the \"Evil Dead\" films. Other popular combinations are the romantic comedy and the action comedy film.", "Derek Ford (born 6 September 1932 in Essex d. 19 May 1995) was an English film director and writer, most famous for sexploitation films such as \"The Wife Swappers\" (1970), \"Suburban Wives\" (1971), \"Commuter Husbands\" (1972), \"Keep It Up, Jack\" (1973), \"Sex Express\" (1975) (also filmed in a graphic hardcore version), \"What's Up Nurse!\" (1977) and \"What's Up Superdoc!\" (1978)." ]

[ "basic", "english", "irish", "italian", "medieval latin", "māori" ]

[ "Celtix was a Java Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) runtime and set of APIs to make it easy to add transports, message formats, and security features. The goal was to simplify the construction, integration and flexible reuse of technical and business components using a standards-based, service-oriented architecture.", "The Apache Software Foundation (ASF) is an American non-profit corporation (classified as 501(c)(3) in the United States) to support Apache software projects, including the Apache HTTP Server. The ASF was formed from the Apache Group and incorporated in Delaware, U.S., in June 1999.", "Fuse Services Framework is an open source SOAP and REST web services platform based on Apache CXF for use in enterprise IT organizations . It is productized and supported by the Fuse group at FuseSource Corp. Fuse Services Framework service - enables new and existing systems for use in enterprise SOA infrastructure . Fuse Services Framework is a pluggable , small - footprint engine that creates high performance , secure and robust services in minutes using front - end programming APIs like JAX - WS and JAX - RS. It supports multiple transports and bindings and is extensible so developers can add bindings for additional message formats so all systems can work together without having to communicate through a centralized server . Fuse Services Framework is now a part of Red Hat JBoss Fuse . Fabric8 is a free Apache 2.0 Licensed upstream community for the JBoss Fuse product from Red Hat .", "IONA Technologies was an Irish software company. It was founded in 1991.", "Apache CXF is an open-source, fully featured Web services framework. It originated as the combination of two open-source projects: Celtix developed by IONA Technologies and XFire developed by a team hosted at Codehaus. These two projects were combined by people working together at the Apache Software Foundation and the new name CXF was derived by combining \"\"Celtix\"\" and \"\"XFire\"\"." ]

[ "architecture", "construction", "corporation", "enterprise", "foundation", "framework", "goal", "http server", "june", "name", "people", "software", "two", "web services" ]

[ "The SOKO G - 2 Galeb ( English : Seagull ) is a single engine , two - seater advanced jet trainer and light ground - attack aircraft that was designed by ATI and manufactured by SOKO of Yugoslavia . G - 2 Galeb was the first jet aircraft serial manufactured in Yugoslavia and the Balkans .", "A jet aircraft (or simply jet) is an aircraft (nearly always a fixed-wing aircraft) propelled by jet engines (jet propulsion).", "Flight training is a course of study used when learning to pilot an aircraft. The overall purpose of primary and intermediate flight training is the acquisition and honing of basic airmanship skills.", "A jet trainer is a jet aircraft for use as a trainer, whether for basic or advanced flight training. Jet trainers are either custom designs or modifications of existing aircraft. With the introduction of military jet-powered aircraft towards the end of the second world war it became a requirement to train pilots in the handling of such aircraft." ]

[ "flight training", "jet trainer", "propulsion", "trainer" ]

[ "Penguin Books is a British publishing house. It was founded in 1935 by Sir Allen Lane as a line of the publishers The Bodley Head, only becoming a separate company the following year. Penguin revolutionised publishing in the 1930s through its inexpensive paperbacks, sold through Woolworths and other high street stores for sixpence, bringing high-quality paperback fiction and non-fiction to the mass market. Penguin's success demonstrated that large audiences existed for serious books. Penguin also had a significant impact on public debate in Britain, through its books on British culture, politics, the arts, and science.", "\"The Call of Cthulhu\" is a short story by the American writer H. P. Lovecraft. Written in the summer of 1926, it was first published in the pulp magazine \"Weird Tales\", in February 1928.", "The Thing on the Doorstep and Other Weird Stories is Penguin Classics ' second omnibus edition of works by 20th - century American author H. P. Lovecraft . It was released in October 2001 and is still in print . This edition is the second in Penguin Classics ' series of paperback collections . Again , it collects a number of Lovecraft 's most popular stories in their latest `` definitive '' editions as edited by S. T. Joshi . Many of the texts are the same as those from the earlier Arkham House hardcover editions , with the exception of At the Mountains of Madness , which has recently been released in a definitive edition by the Modern Library , with an introduction by China Miéville and also including Lovecraft 's essay on the history and evolution of weird fiction , Supernatural Horror in Literature . Its companion volumes from Penguin Classics are The Call of Cthulhu and Other Weird Stories ( 2001 ) , and The Dreams in the Witch House and Other Weird Stories ( 2004 ) .", "Weird Tales is an American fantasy and horror fiction pulp magazine founded by J. C. Henneberger and J. M. Lansinger in March 1923. The first editor, Edwin Baird, printed early work by H. P. Lovecraft, Seabury Quinn, and Clark Ashton Smith, all of whom would go on to be popular writers, but within a year the magazine was in financial trouble. Henneberger sold his interest in the publisher, Rural Publishing Corporation, to Lansinger and refinanced \"Weird Tales\", with Farnsworth Wright as the new editor. The first issue under Wright's control was dated November 1924. The magazine was more successful under Wright, and despite occasional financial setbacks it prospered over the next fifteen years. Under Wright's control the magazine lived up to its subtitle, \"The Unique Magazine\", and published a wide range of unusual fiction.", "Jan Tschichold (2 April 1902 Leipzig, Germany 11 August 1974 Locarno, Switzerland) was a typographer, book designer, teacher and writer.", "Cthulhu is a fictional cosmic entity created by writer H. P. Lovecraft and first introduced in the short story \"The Call of Cthulhu\", published in the American pulp magazine \"Weird Tales\" in 1928. Considered a Great Old One within the pantheon of Lovecraftian cosmic entities, the creature has since been featured in numerous popular culture references. Lovecraft depicts Cthulhu as a gigantic entity worshipped by cultists. Cthulhu's appearance is described as looking like an octopus, a dragon and a caricature of human form. Its name was given to the Lovecraft-inspired universe where it and its fellow entities existed, the Cthulhu Mythos.", "Penguin Classics is an imprint published by Penguin Books, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House. They are published in varying editions throughout the world including in Australia, Canada, China, India, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Literary critics see books in this series as important members of the Western canon, though many titles are translated or of non-Western origin; indeed, the series for decades from its creation included only translations, until it eventually incorporated the Penguin English Library imprint in 1986. The first Penguin Classic was E. V. Rieu's translation of \"The Odyssey\", published in 1946, and Rieu went on to become general editor of the series. Rieu sought out literary novelists such as Robert Graves and Dorothy Sayers as translators, believing they would avoid \"the archaic flavour and the foreign idiom that renders many existing translations repellent to modern taste.\"\nDesign.\nPenguin Books has paid particular attention to the design of its books since recruiting German typographer Jan Tschichold in 1947. The early minimalist designs were modernised by Italian art director Germano Facetti, who joined Penguin in 1961. The new classics were known as \"Black Classics\" for their black covers, which also featured artwork appropriate to the topic and period of the work. This design was revised in 1985 to have pale yellow covers with a black spine, colour-coded with a small mark to indicate language and period (red for English, purple for ancient Latin and Greek, yellow for mediaeval and continental European languages, and green for other languages).", "Innsmouth, Massachusetts is a fictional town created by American author H. P. Lovecraft as a setting for one of his horror stories, and referenced subsequently in some of his other works and by other authors who wrote stories taking place in the world Lovecraft created with his stories.", "Pulp magazines (often referred to as \"the pulps\") were inexpensive fiction magazines that were published from 1896 to the 1950s. The term \"pulp\" derives from the cheap wood pulp paper on which the magazines were printed; in contrast, magazines printed on higher quality paper were called \"glossies\" or \"slicks\". The typical pulp magazine had 128 pages; it was wide by high, and thick, with ragged, untrimmed edges.", "Germano Facetti (5 May 1926 8 April 2006) was an Italian graphic designer who headed design at Penguin Books from 1962 to 1971.", "The Cthulhu Mythos is a shared fictional universe, based on the work of American horror writer H. P. Lovecraft.", "Emile Victor Rieu CBE (10 February 1887 11 May 1972) was a classicist, publisher, poet, and initiator and editor of the Penguin Classics series of books.", "The Shadow over Innsmouth is a horror novella by H. P. Lovecraft, written in NovemberDecember 1931. It forms part of the Cthulhu Mythos, using its motif of a malign undersea civilization. It references several shared elements of the Mythos, including place-names, mythical creatures and invocations.", "Howard Phillips Lovecraft (August 20, 1890  March 15, 1937) was an American author who achieved posthumous fame through his influential works of horror fiction. Virtually unknown and published only in pulp magazines before he died in poverty, he is now regarded as one of the most significant 20th-century authors in his genre. Lovecraft was born in Providence, Rhode Island, where he spent most of his life. Among his most celebrated tales are \"The Call of Cthulhu\" and \"The Shadow over Innsmouth\", both canonical to the \"Cthulhu Mythos\". Never able to support himself from earnings as author and editor, Lovecraft saw commercial success increasingly elude him in this latter period, partly because he lacked the confidence and drive to promote himself. He subsisted in progressively straitened circumstances in his last years; an inheritance was completely spent by the time he died at the age of 46.", "\"The Thing on the Doorstep\" is a short story written by H. P. Lovecraft, part of the Cthulhu Mythos universe of horror fiction. It was written in August 1933, and first published in the January 1937 issue of \"Weird Tales\".", "Horror is a genre of fiction which is intended to, or has the capacity to frighten, scare, disgust, or startle their readers or viewers by inducing feelings of horror and terror. Literary historian J. A. Cuddon has defined the horror story as \"a piece of fiction in prose of variable length... which shocks or even frightens the reader, or perhaps induces a feeling of repulsion or loathing\". It creates an eerie and frightening atmosphere. Horror is frequently supernatural, though it can be non-supernatural. Often the central menace of a work of horror fiction can be interpreted as a metaphor for the larger fears of a society.", "Robert von Ranke Graves (also known as Robert Ranke Graves and most commonly Robert Graves; 24 July 1895  7 December 1985) was an English poet, novelist, critic and classicist. He produced more than 140 works. Graves's poemstogether with his translations and innovative analysis and interpretations of the Greek myths; his memoir of his early life, including his role in the First World War, \"Good-Bye to All That\"; and his speculative study of poetic inspiration, \"The White Goddess\"have never been out of print.", "The Western canon is the body of books, music, and art that scholars generally accept as the most important and influential in shaping Western culture. It includes works of fiction, non-fiction, poetry, drama, music, art, sculpture, and architecture generally perceived as being of major artistic merit and representing the high culture of Europe and North America. Philosopher John Searle suggests that the Western canon can be roughly defined as \"a certain Western intellectual tradition that goes from, say, Socrates to Wittgenstein in philosophy, and from Homer to James Joyce in literature\"." ]

[ "1937", "age", "april", "art", "august", "book", "century", "company", "corporation", "december", "design", "director", "dragon", "drama", "february", "fiction", "fictional universe", "genre", "human", "idiom", "imprint", "india", "july", "korea", "language", "library", "line", "literature", "magazine", "market", "may", "memoir", "music", "novella", "november", "paper", "period", "philosophy", "poetry", "print", "prose", "public", "publishing", "pulp magazine", "range", "saw", "series", "short story", "society", "street", "study", "supernatural", "term", "town", "tradition", "variable", "war", "western canon" ]

[ "Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.", "A computer scientist is a scientist who has acquired the knowledge of computer science, the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their application.", "Computer science is the study of the theory, experimentation, and engineering that form the basis for the design and use of computers. It is the scientific and practical approach to computation and its applications and the systematic study of the feasibility, structure, expression, and mechanization of the methodical procedures (or algorithms) that underlie the acquisition, representation, processing, storage, communication of, and access to information. An alternate, more succinct definition of computer science is the study of automating algorithmic processes that scale. A computer scientist specializes in the theory of computation and the design of computational systems.", "Computation is any type of calculation that follows a well-defined model understood and expressed as, for example, an algorithm.", "Engineering is the application of mathematics and scientific, economic, social, and practical knowledge in order to invent, innovate, design, build, maintain, research, and improve structures, machines, tools, systems, components, materials, processes, solutions, and organizations.", "In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm is a self-contained sequence of actions to be performed. Algorithms perform calculation, data processing, and/or automated reasoning tasks.", "The Suggested Upper Merged Ontology or SUMO is an upper ontology intended as a foundation ontology for a variety of computer information processing systems. It was originally developed by the Teknowledge Corporation and now is maintained by Articulate Software. SUMO is open source.", "Knowledge engineering (KE) refers to all technical, scientific and social aspects involved in building, maintaining and using knowledge-based systems.", "Information is that which informs. In other words, it is the answer to a question of some kind. It is thus related to data and knowledge, as data represents values attributed to parameters, and knowledge signifies understanding of real things or abstract concepts. As it regards data, the information's existence is not necessarily coupled to an observer (it exists beyond an event horizon, for example), while in the case of knowledge, the information requires a cognitive observer.", "A knowledge-based system (KBS) is a computer program that reasons and uses a knowledge base to solve complex problems. The term is broad and is used to refer to many different kinds of systems; the one common theme that unites all knowledge based systems is an attempt to represent knowledge explicitly via tools such as ontologies and rules rather than implicitly via code the way a conventional computer program does. A knowledge based system has two types of sub-systems: a knowledge base and an inference engine. The knowledge base represents facts about the world, often in some form of subsumption ontology. The inference engine represents logical assertions and conditions about the world, usually represented via IF-THEN rules.", "In the computer science fields of knowledge engineering and ontology , the Sigma knowledge engineering environment is an open source computer program for the development of formal ontologies . It is designed for use with the Suggested Upper Merged Ontology . It originally included only the Vampire theorem prover as its core deductive inference engine , but now allows use of many other provers that have participated in the TPTP / CADE competitions .", "A computer is a device that can be instructed to carry out an arbitrary set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. The ability of computers to follow a sequence of operations, called a \"program\", make computers very flexible and useful. Such computers are used as control systems for a very wide variety of industrial and consumer devices. This includes simple special purpose devices like microwave ovens and remote controls, factory devices such as industrial robots and computer assisted design, but also in general purpose devices like personal computers and mobile devices such as smartphones. The Internet is run on computers and it connects millions of other computers." ]

[ "algorithm", "application", "building", "case", "code", "computer", "computer program", "data", "design", "device", "engine", "engineering", "enterprise", "factory", "foundation", "inference engine", "information", "internet", "mathematics", "model", "ontology", "research", "science", "sequence", "software", "structure", "study", "system", "theory", "upper ontology", "variety" ]

[ "B*A*P*S is a 1997 comedy film written by Troy Beyer, directed by Robert Townsend, and starring Halle Berry and Martin Landau. The movie was a critical and box-office failure.", "Troy Beyer (born November 7, 1964) is an American film director, screenwriter and actress. She gave birth to a son, Jordan Burg on November 4, 1997. Her son's father is her ex-husband Mark Burg.", "Natalie Desselle - Reid ( born July 12 , 1967 ) is an American actress . Deselle - Reid has performed in several films including B * A * P * S , Def Jam 's How to Be a Player , Cinderella , and television series Built to Last and For Your Love . Natalie recently played Janie Egins on the television series Eve for three seasons .", "Martin Landau (born June 20, 1928) is an American film and television actor. His career started in the 1950s, with early film appearances including a supporting role in Alfred Hitchcock's \"North by Northwest\" (1959). He played regular roles in the television series \"\" (for which he received several Emmy Award nominations and a Golden Globe Award) and \"\".", "Bernard Jeffrey \"Bernie\" McCullough (October 5, 1957 August 9, 2008) better known by his stage name Bernie Mac, was an American comedian, actor and voice artist. Born and raised on Chicago's south side, Mac gained popularity as a stand-up comedian. He joined fellow comedians Steve Harvey, Cedric the Entertainer, and D. L. Hughley in \"The Original Kings of Comedy\".", "Halle Maria Berry (born Maria Halle Berry; August 14, 1966) is an American actress, film producer, and former fashion model. She won an Academy Award for Best Actress in 2002 for her performance in the romantic drama \"Monster's Ball\" (2001), which made her the only black woman to win a Best Actress Academy Award to date, as of 2016.", "William \"Bill\" Bellamy (born April 7, 1965) is an American actor and stand-up comedian. Bellamy first gained national notoriety on HBO's Russell Simmons' \"Def Comedy Jam\", where he is credited for creating or coining the phrase \"booty call\", described as a late night call to a potential paramour with the intention of meeting strictly for sex.", "Def Jam's How to Be a Player is a 1997 comedy film, starring Bill Bellamy, Natalie Desselle and Bernie Mac. The film was directed by Lionel C. Martin, and written by Mark Brown and Demetria Johnson." ]

[ "actor", "actress", "comedian", "fashion", "fashion model", "film director", "film producer", "producer", "screenwriter", "television", "television actor" ]

[ "A County town is usually the location of administrative or judicial functions within the county, or it has been established over time as the \"de facto\" main town of a county. The concept of a county town eventually became detached from its original meaning of where the county administration or county hall is based. In fact, many county towns are no longer part of the administrative county. For example, Nottingham is administered by a unitary authority entirely separate from the rest of Nottinghamshire. Many county towns are classified as cities, but all are referred to as county towns regardless of whether city status is held or not.", "The North Sea is a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean located between Great Britain, Scandinavia, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France. An epeiric (or \"shelf\") sea on the European continental shelf, it connects to the ocean through the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian Sea in the north. It is more than long and wide, with an area of around .", "Hampshire (; abbreviated Hants, archaically known as the County of Southampton) is a county on the southern coast of England in the United Kingdom. The county town of Hampshire is Winchester, the former capital city of England. Hampshire is the most populous ceremonial county in the United Kingdom (excluding the metropolitan counties) with almost half of the county's population living within the South Hampshire conurbation which includes the cities of Southampton and Portsmouth. The larger South Hampshire metropolitan area has a population of 1,547,000. Hampshire is notable for housing the birthplaces of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force. It is bordered by Dorset to the west, Wiltshire to the north-west, Berkshire to the north, Surrey to the north-east, and West Sussex to the east. The southern boundary is the coastline of the English Channel and the Solent, facing the Isle of Wight.", "The Isle of Wight is a county and the largest and second-most populous island in England. It is located in the English Channel, about 4 miles (6 km) off the coast of Hampshire, separated by the Solent. The island has resorts that have been holiday destinations since Victorian times, and is known for its mild climate, coastal scenery, and verdant landscape of fields, downland and chines.", "Continental Europe, also referred to as mainland Europe, or, by Europeans, simply the Continent, is the continuous continent of Europe, excluding surrounding islands.", "A mobile game is a video game played on a feature phone, smartphone, smartwatch, PDA, tablet computer, portable media player or calculator.", "Great Britain, also known as Britain , is a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. With an area of , Great Britain is the largest European island and the ninth-largest in the world. In 2011 the island had a population of about 61 million people, making it the world's third-most populous island after Java in Indonesia and Honshu in Japan. The island of Ireland is situated to the west of it, and together these islands, along with over 1,000 smaller surrounding islands, comprise the British Isles archipelago.", "A portable media player (PMP) or digital audio player (DAP) is a portable consumer electronics device capable of storing and playing digital media such as audio, images, and video files. The data is typically stored on a CD, DVD, flash memory, microdrive, or hard drive. Most portable media players are equipped with a 3.5 mm headphone jack, which users can plug headphones into, or connect to a boombox or hifi system. In contrast, analog portable audio players play music from non-digital media that use analog signal storage, such as cassette tapes or vinyl records.", "Dorset (or archaically, Dorsetshire) is a county in South West England on the English Channel coast. The ceremonial county comprises the non-metropolitan county, which is governed by Dorset County Council, and the unitary authority areas of Poole and Bournemouth. Covering an area of , Dorset borders Devon to the west, Somerset to the north-west, Wiltshire to the north-east, and Hampshire to the east. The county town is Dorchester which is in the south. After the reorganisation of local government in 1974 the county's border was extended eastward to incorporate the Hampshire towns of Bournemouth and Christchurch. Around half of the population lives in the South East Dorset conurbation, while the rest of the county is largely rural with a low population density.", "A smartphone is a mobile phone (also known as cell phones or cell mobiles) with an advanced mobile operating system that combines features of a personal computer operating system with other features useful for mobile or handheld use. Smartphones, which are usually pocket-sized, typically combine the features of a mobile phone, such as the abilities to place and receive voice calls and create and receive text messages, with those of other popular digital mobile devices like personal digital assistants (PDAs), such as an event calendar, media player, video games, GPS navigation, digital camera and digital video camera. Smartphones can access the Internet and can run a variety of third-party software components (\"apps\" from Google Play, Apple App Store, etc). They typically have a color display with a graphical user interface that covers more than 76% of the front surface. The display is almost always a touchscreen and sometimes additionally a touch-enabled keyboard like the Priv/Passport BlackBerrys, which enables the user to use a virtual keyboard to type words and numbers and press onscreen icons to activate \"app\" features.", "Surrey is a county in the south east of England and also one of the home counties bordering Greater London. Surrey shares borders with Kent to the east, East Sussex to the south-east, West Sussex to the south, Hampshire to the west and south-west and Berkshire to the north-west. The county town is Guildford. Surrey County Council sits extraterritorially at Kingston upon Thames, administered as part of Greater London since 1965. With a resident population of 1.1 million, Surrey is the most densely populated and third most populated county in the South East region, after Kent and Hampshire.", "The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the United Kingdom's aerial warfare force. Formed towards the end of the First World War on 1 April 1918, it is the oldest independent air force in the world. Following victory over the Central Powers in 1918 the RAF emerged as, at the time, the largest air force in the world. Since its formation, the RAF has taken a significant role in British military history, in particular, playing a large part in the Second World War where it fought its most famous campaign, the Battle of Britain.", "Berkshire (or , abbreviated Berks) is a county in south east England, west of London. It was recognised as the Royal County of Berkshire because of the presence of Windsor Castle by the Queen in 1957 and letters patent issued in 1974. Berkshire is a county of historic origin and is a home county, a ceremonial county and a non-metropolitan county without a county council. Berkshire County Council was the main county governance from 1889 to 1998 except for the separately administered County Borough of Reading.", "The English Channel (\"the Sleeve\" [hence ] \"Sea of Brittany\" \"British Sea\"), also called simply the Channel, is the body of water that separates southern England from northern France, and joins the southern part of the North Sea to the rest of the Atlantic Ocean.", "The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom. The force was initially administered by the War Office from London, which in 1964 was subsumed into the Ministry of Defence. The professional head of the British Army is the Chief of the General Staff.", "Wales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain. It is bordered by England to the east, the Irish Sea to the north and west, and the Bristol Channel to the south. It had a population in 2011 of 3,063,456 and has a total area of . Wales has over of coastline and is largely mountainous, with its higher peaks in the north and central areas, including Snowdon, its highest summit. The country lies within the north temperate zone and has a changeable, maritime climate.", "The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by the English kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years War against the kingdom of France. The modern Royal Navy traces its origins to the early 16th century; the oldest of the UK's armed services, it is known as the Senior Service.", "Southampton, on the south coast of England, is the largest city in the ceremonial county of Hampshire. It is south-west of London and north-west of Portsmouth. Southampton is a major port and the closest city to the New Forest. It lies at the northernmost point of Southampton Water at the confluence of the Rivers Test and Itchen, with the River Hamble joining to the south of the urban area. The city, which is a unitary authority, has an estimated population of 253,651. The city's name is sometimes abbreviated in writing to \"So'ton\" or \"Soton\", and a resident of Southampton is called a .", "Winchester is a city and the county town of Hampshire, England. The city lies at the heart of the wider City of Winchester, a local government district, and is located at the western end of the South Downs National Park, along the course of the River Itchen. It is situated south-west of London and from Southampton, its closest city. At the time of the 2011 Census, Winchester had a population of 45,184. The wider City of Winchester district which includes towns such as Alresford and Bishop's Waltham has a population of 116,800 ", "Portsmouth is a port city in the ceremonial county of Hampshire on the south coast of England. Located mainly on Portsea Island, south-west of London and south-east of Southampton, it is the United Kingdom's only island city. It has a population of 205,400, and is the only city in the British Isles with a greater population density than London. The city forms part of the South Hampshire built-up area, which also covers Southampton and the towns of Havant, Waterlooville, Eastleigh, Fareham, and Gosport.", "Scotland (Scots: ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain. It shares a border with England to the south, and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the south-west. In addition to the mainland, the country is made up of more than 790 islands, including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.", "West Sussex is a county in the south of England, bordering East Sussex (with Brighton and Hove) to the east, Hampshire to the west and Surrey to the north, and to the south the English Channel. Chichester in the southwest is the county town and only city in West Sussex, with the largest towns being Crawley, Worthing and Horsham. \nWest Sussex has a range of scenery, including wealden, downland and coastal. The highest point of the county is Blackdown, at 280 metres (919 ft). It has a number of stately homes including Goodwood, Petworth House and Uppark and also castles such as Arundel Castle and Bramber Castle. Over half the county is protected countryside, offering walking, cycling and other recreational opportunities.", "The Irish Sea (, , , Ulster-Scots: \"Airish Sea\"), separates the islands of Ireland and Great Britain. It is connected to the Celtic Sea in the south by St George's Channel, and to the Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland in the north by the North Channel. Anglesey is the largest island within the Irish Sea, followed by the Isle of Man. The sea is occasionally, but rarely, referred to as the Manx Sea.", "The Isles of Scilly (or \"\") are an archipelago off the south western tip of the Cornish peninsula of Great Britain. It is the southernmost location in England and the United Kingdom, as well as the most westerly in England.", "The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, it includes the island of Great Britain (the name of which is also loosely applied to the whole country), the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to its east, the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. With an area of , the UK is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants. Together, this makes it the fourth most densely populated country in the European Union.", "Wiltshire (or ) is a county in South West England with an area of . It is landlocked and borders the counties of Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire. The county town was Wilton but Wiltshire Council is now based in the new county town of Trowbridge.", "England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain (which lies in the North Atlantic) in its centre and south; and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight.", "The Celtic Sea (; ) is the area of the Atlantic Ocean off the south coast of Ireland bounded to the east by Saint George's Channel; other limits include the Bristol Channel, the English Channel, and the Bay of Biscay, as well as adjacent portions of Wales, Cornwall, Devon, and Brittany. The southern and western boundaries are delimited by the continental shelf, which drops away sharply. The Isles of Scilly are an archipelago of small islands in the sea.", "A feature phone is a class of mobile phone; the term is typically used as a retronym to describe low-end mobile phones which are limited in capabilities in contrast to a modern smartphone. Feature phones typically provide voice calling and text messaging functionality, in addition to basic multimedia and internet capabilities, and other services offered by the user's wireless service provider.. They are also referred to as dumb phones, in contrast to smartphones. ", "South Hampshire is a term used mainly to refer to the metropolitan area formed by the cities of Portsmouth and Southampton and their suburbs and commuter towns, in southern Hampshire, England. The area had population of around 1 million based on the 2001 census, and estimated population of over 1.5 million in 2013.", "IOMO was a pioneering European mobile game developer and publisher based in Hampshire , England . IOMO was founded by John Chasey , Glenn Broadway and Andrew Bain in 2000 . Initially a developer , the company was very successful in the early stages of the mobile game industry and worked with the majority of mobile technologies and customers across the whole value chain . This ranged from pre-installed titles developed for handset manufacturers and carriers , creation of branded titles for mobile games publishers and self - published original titles .", "A tablet computer, commonly shortened to tablet, is a thin, flat mobile computer with a touchscreen display, which is usually in color, processing circuitry, and a rechargeable battery in a single device. Tablets often come equipped with sensors, including digital cameras, a microphone, and an accelerometer, so that images on screens are always displayed upright. The touchscreen display uses the recognition of finger or stylus gestures to replace the mouse, trackpad and keyboard used in laptops.", "The Solent is the strait that separates the Isle of Wight from the mainland of England. It is about 20 miles long and varies in width between two and a half and five miles, although the shingle Hurst Spit which projects one and a half miles into the Solent narrows the sea crossing between Hurst Castle and Colwell Bay to just over a mile." ]

[ "arundel", "belgium", "berkshire", "bournemouth", "brighton", "bristol", "cornwall", "crawley", "dorchester", "east sussex", "eastleigh", "england", "europe", "gloucestershire", "great britain", "hampshire", "havant", "indonesia", "internet", "ireland", "isle of man", "isles of scilly", "japan", "kent", "media", "ministry of defence", "mobile", "netherlands", "new forest", "northern ireland", "nottingham", "oxfordshire", "portsmouth", "scotland", "somerset", "south east england", "southampton", "surrey", "united kingdom", "wales", "waterlooville", "west sussex", "western europe", "wiltshire", "winchester", "windsor" ]

[ "The Blue Ridge Mountains are a physiographic province of the larger Appalachian Mountains range. This province consists of northern and southern physiographic regions, which divide near the Roanoke River gap. The mountain range is located in the eastern United States, starting at its southernmost portion in Georgia, then ending northward in Pennsylvania. To the west of the Blue Ridge, between it and the bulk of the Appalachians, lies the Great Appalachian Valley, bordered on the west by the Ridge and Valley province of the Appalachian range.", "Virginia (, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia) is a state located in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, as well as in the historic Southeast. Virginia is nicknamed the \"Old Dominion\" due to its status as the first colonial possession established in mainland British America, and \"Mother of Presidents\" because eight U.S. presidents were born there, more than any other state. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are shaped by the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Chesapeake Bay, which provide habitat for much of its flora and fauna. The capital of the Commonwealth is Richmond; Virginia Beach is the most populous city, and Fairfax County is the most populous political subdivision. The Commonwealth's estimated population is over 8.3 million, which is slightly less than New York City.", "English America, and later British America, were the English, and later British, territories in North America (including Bermuda), Central America, the Caribbean, and Guyana from 1607 to 1783. Formally, the British colonies in North America were known as \"British America and the British West Indies\" until 1776, when the Thirteen British Colonies located along the Atlantic seaboard declared their independence and formed the United States of America. After that, British North America (or, simply but not inclusively, Canada) was used to describe the remainder of Britain's continental North American possessions. The term \"British North America\" was first used informally in 1783, but it was uncommon before the Report on the Affairs of British North America (1839), called the Durham Report.", "The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over a land area of just , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States. Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. A global power city, New York City exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment, its fast pace defining the term \"New York minute\". Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural and financial capital of the world.", "The President of the United States (POTUS) is the elected head of state and head of government of the United States. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces.", "For the United States President , see William McKinley . William McKinley was a U.S. Representative from Virginia .", "The Chesapeake Bay is an estuary lying inland from the Atlantic Ocean, and surrounded by the North American mainland to the west, and the Delmarva Peninsula to the east. It is the largest such body in the contiguous United States. The northern bay is within Maryland, the southern portion within Virginia, and is a very important feature for the ecology and economy of those two states, as well as others. More than 150 major rivers and streams flow into the bay's drainage basin, which covers parts of six states (New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia and West Virginia) plus all of the District of Columbia.", "Dominions were semi-independent polities under the British Crown, constituting the British Empire, beginning with Canadian Confederation in 1867. They included Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Newfoundland, South Africa, and the Irish Free State, and then from the late 1940s also India, Pakistan, and Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). The Balfour Declaration of 1926 recognised the Dominions as \"autonomous Communities within the British Empire\", and the 1931 Statute of Westminster granted them full legislative independence.", "William McKinley (January 29, 1843 September 14, 1901) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the 25th President of the United States from March 4, 1897 until his assassination in September 1901, six months into his second term. McKinley led the nation to victory in the SpanishAmerican War, raised protective tariffs to promote American industry, and maintained the nation on the gold standard in a rejection of inflationary proposals." ]

[ "canada", "diplomacy", "entertainment", "fashion", "major", "mountain", "politician", "president", "united states of america" ]

[ "A center fielder, abbreviated \"CF\", is the outfielder in baseball who plays defense in center field the baseball fielding position between left field and right field. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the center fielder is assigned the number 8.", "The New York Yankees are an American professional baseball team based in the New York City borough of the Bronx. The Yankees compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division. The Yankees are one of two Major League clubs based in New York City; the other is the New York Mets. The club began play in the AL in the season as the Baltimore Orioles (not to be confused with the modern Baltimore Orioles.) Frank Farrell and Bill Devery purchased the franchise (which had ceased operations) and moved it to New York City, renaming the club as the New York Highlanders. The Highlanders were officially renamed as the \"Yankees\" in .", "The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over a land area of just , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States. Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. A global power city, New York City exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment, its fast pace defining the term \"New York minute\". Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural and financial capital of the world.", "The New York Mets are an American professional baseball team based in the New York City borough of Queens. The Mets compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) East division. The Mets are one of two Major League clubs based in New York City; the other is the New York Yankees.", "A right fielder, abbreviated RF, is the outfielder in baseball or softball who plays defense in right field. Right field is the area of the outfield to the right of a person standing at home plate and facing towards the pitcher's mound. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the right fielder is assigned the number 9.", "Boston (pronounced ) is the capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. Boston is also the seat of Suffolk County, although the county government was disbanded on July 1, 1999. The city proper covers with an estimated population of 667,137 in 2015, making it the largest city in New England and the 23rd most populous city in the United States. The city is the economic and cultural anchor of a substantially larger metropolitan area known as Greater Boston, a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) home to a census-estimated 4.7 million people in 2014 and ranking as the tenth-largest such area in the country. Alternately, as a Combined Statistical Area (CSA), this wider commuting region is home to some 8.1 million people, making it the sixth-largest as such in the United States.", "The Bronx is the northernmost of the five boroughs of New York City, within the U.S. state of New York. It is geographically south of Westchester County; north and east of the island and borough of Manhattan to the south and west across the Harlem River; and north of the borough of Queens, across the East River. Of the five boroughs, the Bronx is the only one that has the majority of its area on the U.S. mainland and, with a land area of and a population of 1,455,444 in 2015, has the fourth-largest land area, the fourth-highest population, and the third-highest population density. Since 1914, the Bronx has had the same boundaries as Bronx County, a county of New York and the third most densely populated county in the United States.", "Fenway Park is a baseball park located in Boston, at 4 Yawkey Way near Kenmore Square. Since 1912, it has been the home for the Boston Red Sox, the city's Major League Baseball (MLB) franchise. It is the oldest ballpark in MLB. Because of its age and constrained location in Boston's dense FenwayKenmore neighborhood, the park has been renovated or expanded many times, resulting in quirky heterogeneous features including \"The Triangle\" (below), \"Pesky's Pole\", and the Green Monster in left field. It is the fourth-smallest among MLB ballparks by seating capacity, second-smallest by total capacity, and one of eight that cannot accommodate at least 40,000 spectators.", "James Charles Walsh ( September 22 , 1885 -- July 3 , 1962 ) was an outfielder in Major League Baseball who played from 1912 through 1917 for the Philadelphia Athletics ( 1912 -- 13 , 1914 -- 16 ) , New York Yankees ( 1914 ) and Boston Red Sox ( 1916 -- 17 ) . Walsh batted left - handed and threw right - handed . He was born in Kallila , Ireland . Walsh played in over 1,800 games spanning 13 seasons in the International League , hitting better than .300 ten times . He played for the Baltimore Orioles from 1910 to 1912 , then spent the rest of the decade in the American League , appearing in two World Series with the Athletics in 1914 and for the World Champions Red Sox in 1916 . In a six - season career , Walsh was a .232 hitter ( 410 - for - 1771 ) with six home runs and 150 RBI in 541 games , including 235 runs , 71 doubles , 31 triples , 92 stolen bases , and a .330 on - base percentage . In 492 appearances at center field ( 169 ) , right field ( 165 ) and left field ( 162 ) , he posted a collective .964 fielding percentage ( 38 errors in 1049 total chances ) . Following his major league career , Walsh returned to the International League , playing on two pennant winners in Baltimore . Twice he led the league with a .357 average in 1925 and a .388 average in 1926 at the age of 41 , also driving in 131 runs . Walsh died in Syracuse , New York at age 76 .", "The American League of Professional Baseball Clubs, or simply the American League (AL), is one of two leagues that make up Major League Baseball (MLB) in the United States and Canada. It developed from the Western League, a minor league based in the Great Lakes states, which eventually aspired to major league status. It is sometimes called the Junior Circuit because it claimed Major League status for the 1901 season, 25 years after the formation of the National League (the \"Senior Circuit\").", "An outfielder is a person playing in one of the three defensive positions in baseball, farthest from the batter. These defenders are the left fielder, the center fielder, and the right fielder. An outfielder's duty is to try to catch long fly balls before they hit the ground or to quickly catch or retrieve and return to the infield any other balls entering the outfield. Outfielders normally play behind the six other members of the defense who play in or near the infield.", "At the end of each Major League Baseball season, the league leaders of various statistical categories are announced. Leading the league in a particular category is referred to as a \"title\".", "The Boston Red Sox are an American professional baseball team based in Boston, Massachusetts. The Red Sox compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division. The Red Sox have won eight World Series championships and have played in 13. Founded in as one of the American League's eight charter franchises, the Red Sox' home ballpark has been Fenway Park since . The \"Red Sox\" name was chosen by the team owner, John I. Taylor, around , following the lead of previous teams that had been known as the \"Boston Red Stockings\", including the forerunner of the Atlanta Braves.", "The Atlanta Braves are an American professional baseball franchise based in the Atlanta metropolitan area. The franchise competes in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member of the National League (NL) East division. The Braves played home games at Turner Field in Atlanta from 1997 to 2016, and play spring training games in Lake Buena Vista, Florida. In 2017, the team will move to SunTrust Park, a new stadium complex in the Cumberland district of Cobb County just northwest of Atlanta.", "The Baltimore Orioles are an American professional baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland. The Orioles compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member of the American League (AL) East division. One of the AL's eight charter franchises when the league was established in 1901 with President Ban Johnson, this particular franchise spent its first year as a major league club in Milwaukee, Wisconsin as the Milwaukee Brewers before moving to St. Louis, Missouri to become the St. Louis Browns. After 52 often-beleaguered years in St. Louis, the franchise was purchased in November 1953 by Baltimore business interests led by Clarence Miles. The franchise officially moved to Baltimore for the 1954 season and adopted the historic \"Orioles\" name in honor of the official state bird of Maryland. The Orioles name had also been used by several previous major and minor league baseball clubs in Baltimore, including the franchise that would eventually become the New York Yankees. Nicknames for the team include the \"O's\" and the \"Birds\".", "John Irving Taylor (January 14, 1875 January 26, 1938) owned the Boston Red Sox from 1904 until 1911. He was the son of General Charles H. Taylor, publisher of the Boston Globe. He purchased the team from Henry Killilea on April 19, 1904, with his father Charles serving as a minority owner. In September 1911, the Taylors sold half of the stock in the team to Jimmy McAleer and Robert B. McRoy with McAleer taking over as team president. On December 21, 1913, Joseph Lannin, Frank P. Cooper, and John R. Turner purchased McAleer and McRoy's half of the team with Lannin becoming team president. On May 15, 1914, Lannin bought out all of his partners and became sole owner of the Red Sox.", "Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each, who take turns batting and fielding.", "The World Series is the annual championship series of Major League Baseball (MLB) in North America, contested since 1903 between the American League (AL) champion team and the National League (NL) champion team. The winner of the World Series championship is determined through a best-of-seven playoff, and the winning team is awarded the Commissioner's Trophy. As the series is played in October (and occasionally November), during the autumn season in North America, it is often referred to as the Fall Classic.", "In baseball, a left fielder (LF) is an outfielder who plays defense in left field. Left field is the area of the outfield to the left of a person standing at home plate and facing towards the pitcher's mound. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the left fielder is assigned the number 7." ]

[ "al", "america", "an", "are", "art", "charles", "clarence", "fielding", "florida", "home", "i .", "irving", "january", "jimmy", "john", "joseph", "junior", "louis", "many", "may", "pace", "park", "red", "s .", "sole", "u .", "urban" ]

[ "Bacon is a meat product prepared from pork and usually cured. It is first cured using large quantities of salt, either in a brine or in a dry packing; the result is fresh bacon (also known as green bacon). Fresh bacon may then be further dried for weeks or months in cold air, or it may be boiled or smoked. Fresh and dried bacon is typically cooked before eating, often by frying. Boiled bacon is ready to eat, as is some smoked bacon, but may be cooked further before eating.", "Middelburg is a municipality and a city in the south-western Netherlands and the capital of the province of Zeeland. Situated on the central peninsula of the Zeeland province, \"Midden-Zeeland\" (consisting of former islands Walcheren, Noord-Beveland and Zuid-Beveland), it has a population of about 48,000.", "Pork is the culinary name for meat from the domestic pig (\"Sus domesticus\"). It is the most commonly consumed meat worldwide, with evidence of pig husbandry dating back to 5000 BC.\nPork is eaten both freshly cooked and preserved. Curing extends the shelf life of the pork products. Ham, smoked pork, gammon, bacon and sausage are examples of preserved pork. Charcuterie is the branch of cooking devoted to prepared meat products, many from pork.", "Zeeland (Zeelandic: \"Zeêland\" ) is the westernmost province of the Netherlands. The province, located in the south-west of the country, consists of a number of islands and peninsulas (hence its name, meaning \"sea-land\") and a strip bordering Belgium. Its capital is Middelburg. Its area is about , of which almost is water, and it has a population of about 380,000.", "The Netherlands is the main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a densely populated country located in Western Europe with three island territories in the Caribbean. The European part of the Netherlands borders Germany to the east, Belgium to the south, and the North Sea to the northwest, sharing maritime borders with Belgium, the United Kingdom, and Germany. The largest cities in the Netherlands are Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht. Amsterdam is the country's capital, while The Hague holds the Dutch seat of government and parliament. The name \"Holland\" is used to refer informally to the whole of the country of the Netherlands.", "Zeelandic (' in Zeelandic, ' in Standard Dutch) is a West Flemish dialect of Dutch spoken in the Dutch province of Zeeland and on the South Holland island of Goeree-Overflakkee.", "Bay leaf (plural bay leaves) refers to the aromatic leaves of several plants used in cooking. These include:", "Zeeuws spek ( pronounced ( zews spk ) ; `` Zeelandic bacon '' ) is a traditional Dutch bacon , originally a specialty from the province of Zeeland . Traditionally , it is seasoned with salt , pepper and herbs such as bay leaf , and slow - cooked . Modern Zeeuws spek is marinated , and then grilled , broiled , or smoked .", "Count (male) or countess (female) is a title in European countries for a noble of varying status, but historically deemed to convey an approximate rank intermediate between the highest and lowest titles of nobility. The word \"count\" came into English from the French \"comte\", itself from Latin \"comes\"in its accusative \"comitem\"meaning companion, and later companion of the emperor, delegate of the emperor. The adjective form of the word is \"\". The British and Irish equivalent is an earl (whose wife is a \"countess\", for lack of an English term). Alternative names for the \"count\" rank in the nobility structure are used in other countries, such as \"Graf\" in Germany and \"Hakushaku\" during the Japanese Imperial era." ]

[ "a", "bacon", "english", "europe", "germany", "leaf", "meat", "middelburg", "netherlands", "pork", "s", "salt", "shelf", "south holland", "united kingdom", "water" ]

[ "Kendal , anciently known as Kirkby in Kendal or Kirkby Kendal, is a market town and civil parish within the South Lakeland District of Cumbria, England. Historically in Westmorland, it is situated about south-east of Windermere, north of Lancaster, north-east of Barrow-in-Furness and north-west of Skipton. The town lies in the valley or \"dale\" of the River Kent, from which it derives its name, and has a total resident population of 28,586, making it the third largest settlement in Cumbria behind Carlisle and Barrow-in-Furness.", "The Lake District, also known as the Lakes or Lakeland, is a mountainous region in North-West England. A popular holiday destination, it is famous for its lakes, forests and mountains (or \"fells\") and its associations with the early 19th century writings of William Wordsworth and the other Lake Poets.", "The Earldom of Pembroke is a title in the Peerage of England that was first created in the 12th century by King Stephen of England. The title, which is associated with Pembroke, Pembrokeshire in West Wales, has been recreated ten times from its original inception. With each creation beginning with a new first Earl, the original seat of Pembroke Castle is no longer attached to the title. ", "Cumbria County Council is the county council of Cumbria, a county in the North West of England. Established in 1974, following its first elections held a year before that, it is an elected local government body responsible for the most significant local services in the county, including county schools, county roads, and social services.", "A non-metropolitan county, or colloquially, shire county, is a county-level entity in England that is not a metropolitan county. The counties typically have populations of 300,000 to 1.4 million. The term \"shire county\" is, however, an unofficial usage. Many of the non-metropolitan counties bear historic names and most end in the suffix \"-shire\" such as Wiltshire or Staffordshire. Of the remainder, some counties had the -shire ending and have lost it over time; such as Devon and Somerset. \"Shire county\" is, strictly, a dual-language tautology since the French-derived \"county\" means the same as the older Anglo-Saxon word \"shire\".", "Barrow-in-Furness (; commonly known as Barrow) is a town and borough in Cumbria, North West England. Historically part of Lancashire, it was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1867 and merged with adjacent districts in 1974 to form the Borough of Barrow-in-Furness. At the tip of the Furness peninsula, close to the Lake District, it is bordered by Morecambe Bay, the Duddon Estuary and the Irish Sea. In 2011, Barrow's population was 57,000, the second largest urban area in Cumbria after Carlisle. Natives of Barrow, as well as the local dialect, are known as Barrovian.", "Cumbria (; locally ) is a non-metropolitan county in North West England. The county and Cumbria County Council, its local government, came into existence in 1974 after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972. Cumbria's county town is Carlisle, in the north of the county, and the only other major urban area is Barrow-in-Furness on the southwestern tip of the county.", "Cartmel Priory church serves as the parish church of Cartmel, Cumbria (formerly in Lancashire). The priory was founded in 1190 by William Marshal, created 1st Earl of Pembroke, intended for the Augustinian Canons and dedicated to Saint Mary the Virgin and Saint Michael. ", "The Local Government Act 1972 (c 70) is an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom that reformed local government in England and Wales on 1 April 1974.", "Cartmel is a village in Cumbria, England, north-west of Grange-over-Sands and close to the River Eea. The village was once known as Kirkby in Cartmel, as it was the location of the church for the large parish of Cartmel. It is the location of the 12th century Cartmel Priory. Historically in Lancashire, boundary changes brought it into the newly created county of Cumbria in 1974.", "Grange-over-Sands is a town and civil parish on Morecambe Bay with a wide tidal range, hence the \"sands\" name roughly midway between Barrow-in-Furness and Kendal in Cumbria, England. Grange-over-Sands was created as an urban district in 1894 and lies historically within Lancashire. In 1974 Cumbria was created under Local Government re-organisation which absorbed the area referred to as \"Lancashire North of the Sands\" or North Lonsdale. Grange is now in South Lakeland District. The town remains part of the County Palatine of Lancashire and is part of the Duchy of Lancaster. It had a population of 4,042 in 2001, increasing to 4,114 at the 2011 Census.", "Cartmel Fell , with a population of 309,increasing to 329 at the 2011 Census is a hill , a hamlet and a civil parish in the South Lakeland district of Cumbria , England . St. Anthony 's Church was built as a chapel of ease for Cartmel Priory in about 1504 , and has changed little since . It contains some 17th - century box pews and a rare three - decker pulpit of 1698 as well as stained glass which may have come from Cartmel Priory . There was a school next to St Anthony 's Church that opened in 1871 and closed in 1971 . A mile to the north - east , Cowmire Hall incorporates a 16th - century pele tower , whilst the main block of the house dates from the 17th century . Also of note is Chapel House , Ravensbarrow Lodge , and Danes Court Cottage . Cartmel Fell is the subject of a chapter of Wainwright 's book The Outlying Fells of Lakeland . Wainwright describes a walk from the church to the summit Raven 's Barrow at 500 feet ( 150 m ) , which he calls `` a lovely belvedere for viewing a lovely valley '' . He says that the cairn is locally known as Ravensbarrow or Rainsbarrow Old Man . To the northwest is Heights Tarn , a small lake on private land .", "Lancashire (; archaically the County Palatine of Lancaster; abbreviated Lancs.) is a non-metropolitan ceremonial county in north west England. The county town is Lancaster although the county's administrative centre is Preston. The county has a population of 1,449,300 and an area of . People from Lancashire are known as Lancastrians.", "Furness is an area of Cumbria in northwestern England. Together with Cartmel it forms North Lonsdale, which was historically an exclave of Lancashire. The region may be split into two areas: Low Furness and High Furness. The former consists of the headland bounded on west by the Duddon estuary and on the east by Morecambe Bay, while the latter extends inland into the Lake District and contains the Furness Fells. Off the southern tip of Low Furness is Walney Island, eighteen kilometers in length, as well as several smaller islands.", "A parish church (or parochial church) in Christianity is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish. In many parts of the world, especially in rural areas, the parish church may play a significant role in community activities, often allowing its premises to be used for non-religious community events. The church building reflects this status, and there is considerable variety in the size and style of parish churches. Many villages in Europe have churches that date back to the Middle Ages, but all periods of architecture are represented.", "The River Eea is a small river in the Lake District, Cumbria, England running through the Furness region, which was once part of Lancashire. The River Eea is a relatively short system that arises from numerous small becks and streams throughout the Cartmel Valley. Its course is approximately 10 km long and the mouth is on Sand Gate marshes near Flookburgh, between Barrow and Kendal. It principally flows in a south-westerly direction.", "Local government is a form of public administration which, in a majority of contexts, exists as the lowest tier of administration within a given state. The term is used to contrast with offices at state level, which are referred to as the central government, national government, or (where appropriate) federal government and also to supranational government which deals with governing institutions between states. Local governments generally act within powers delegated to them by legislation or directives of the higher level of government. In federal states, local government generally comprises the third (or sometimes fourth) tier of government, whereas in unitary states, local government usually occupies the second or third tier of government, often with greater powers than higher-level administrative divisions.", "North West England, one of nine official regions of England, consists of the five counties of Cheshire, Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire and Merseyside. The North West had a population of 7,052,000 in 2011. It is the third most populated region in the United Kingdom after the South East and Greater London.", "South Lakeland is a local government district in Cumbria, England. The population of the Non-metropolitan district at the 2011 Census was 103,658. Its council is based in Kendal. It includes much of the Lake District as well as northwestern parts of the Yorkshire Dales." ]

[ "central", "dale", "england", "greater manchester", "irish sea", "lake district", "lakeland", "lancashire", "manchester", "morecambe", "parish", "somerset", "staffordshire", "united kingdom", "yorkshire" ]

[ "The Queen Emma Bridge is a pontoon bridge across St. Anna Bay in Curaçao . It connects the Punda and Otrobanda quarters of the capital city , Willemstad . The bridge is hinged and opens regularly to enable the passage of oceangoing vessels . On the opposite end from the hinge is a small shelter where an operator controls two diesel engines turning propellers . The propellers are mounted perpendicular to the length of the bridge and allow it to swing parallel to the shore . The process only takes a few minutes to complete . The bridge was built in 1888 and was completely renovated in 1939 . Originally it was a toll bridge . Individuals without shoes were permitted to cross the bridge without paying the toll ; however , today , a toll is no longer applied . When the bridge swings open , two ferries spring into action to bring pedestrians across the water . The ferries are also free of charge .", "Willemstad is the capital city of Curaçao, an island in the southern Caribbean Sea that forms a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Formerly the capital of the Netherlands Antilles prior to its dissolution in 2010, it has an estimated population of 150,000. The historic centre of the city consists of four quarters: the Punda and Otrobanda, which are separated by the Sint Anna Bay, an inlet that leads into the large natural harbour called the Schottegat, as well as the Scharloo and Pietermaai Smal quarters, which are across from each other on the smaller Waaigat harbour. Willemstad is home to the Curaçao synagogue, the oldest surviving synagogue in the Americas. The city centre, with its unique architecture and harbour entry, has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.", "Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a federal republic located on the northern coast of South America. It is bordered by Colombia on the west, Brazil on the south, Guyana on the east, and the islands of Trinidad and Tobago to the north-east. Venezuela's territory covers around with an estimated population . Venezuela is considered a state with extremely high biodiversity (currently ranks 7th in the world's list of nations with the most number of species), with habitats ranging from the Andes Mountains in the west to the Amazon Basin rain-forest in the south, via extensive \"llanos\" plains and Caribbean coast in the center and the Orinoco River Delta in the east.", "Sint Anna Bay, or Santa Anna Bay, (Dutch: \"Sint Annabaai\") is a deep channel approximately one mile long and up to 1,000 feet wide, located on the island of Curaçao between the two parts of Willemstad, Punda and Otrobanda.", "Curaçao (or ; Papiamentu: \"Kòrsou\") is a Lesser Antilles island country in the southern Caribbean Sea and the Dutch Caribbean region, approximately north of the Venezuelan coast. It is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. ", "Otrobanda is one of the historically important quarters of Willemstad, the capital of Curaçao." ]

[ "orinoco", "sint anna bay" ]

[ "FirstEnergy Stadium, officially FirstEnergy Stadium, Home of the Cleveland Browns, is a multi-purpose stadium in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, primarily for American football. It is the home field of the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League (NFL), and serves as a venue for other events such as college and high school football, soccer, and concerts. It opened in 1999 as Cleveland Browns Stadium and was renovated in two phases in early 2014 and 2015. The initial seating capacity was listed at 73,200 people, but following the first phase of the renovation project in 2014, seating capacity was reduced to 67,431. The stadium sits on of land between Lake Erie and the Cleveland Memorial Shoreway in the North Coast Harbor area of downtown Cleveland, adjacent to the Great Lakes Science Center and Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. The site was previously the location of Cleveland Stadium from 1931 to 1996.", "The Tampa Bay Buccaneers (often shortened as the Bucs) are a professional American football franchise based in Tampa, Florida. The Buccaneers currently compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member team of the National Football Conference (NFC) South division. Along with the Seattle Seahawks, the team joined the NFL in as an expansion team. The Bucs played their first season in the American Football Conference (AFC) West division as part of the 1976 expansion plan, whereby each new franchise would play every other franchise over the first two years. After the season, the club switched conferences with the Seahawks and became a member of the NFC Central division. During the 2002 league realignment, the Bucs joined three former NFC West teams to form the NFC South. The club is owned by the Glazer family, and plays its home games at Raymond James Stadium in Tampa.", "U.S. Bank Stadium is a fixed-roof stadium located in the Downtown East section of Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, on the former site of Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome. U.S. Bank Stadium serves as the home of the Minnesota Vikings of the National Football League (NFL) and the Minnesota Golden Gophers Baseball Team (NCAA). The Vikings played at the Metrodome from 1982 until its closure in 2013 and before that at Metropolitan Stadium in Bloomington, Minnesota from 1961 to 1981. During the 2014 and 2015 seasons, the Vikings played at TCF Bank Stadium on the campus of the University of Minnesota while the new stadium was being built. On June 17, 2016, U.S. Bank Stadium was deemed substantially complete by contractor Mortenson Construction. The stadium was substantially completed six weeks before the ribbon-cutting ceremony and official grand opening, which was held on July 22, 2016. Authority to use and occupy the stadium was handed over to the Vikings and the Minnesota Sports Facilities Authority. The Vikings played the first regular-season game at U.S. Bank Stadium on September 18, 2016, against the Green Bay Packers on \"NBC Sunday Night Football\".", "The National Football Conference (NFC) is one of the two conferences of the National Football League (NFL), the highest professional level of American football in the United States. This conference and its counterpart, the American Football Conference (AFC), currently contain 16 teams each, making up the 32 teams of the NFL. Both conferences were created as part of the 1970 merger with the rival American Football League (AFL), with all ten of the former AFL teams and three NFL teams forming the AFC while the remaining thirteen NFL clubs formed the NFC. A series of league expansions and division realignments have occurred since the merger, thus making the current total 16 clubs per each conference.", "American football, referred to as football in the United States and Canada, and also known as gridiron, is a sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end. The offense, the team with control of the oval-shaped football, attempts to advance down the field by running with or passing the ball, while the team without control of the ball, the defense, aims to stop their advance and take control of the ball for themselves. The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs, or plays, or else they turn over the football to the opposing team; if they succeed, they are given a new set of four downs. Points are primarily scored by advancing the ball into the opposing team's end zone for a touchdown or kicking the ball through the opponent's goalposts for a field goal. The team with the most points at the end of a game wins.", "A single-elimination tournamentalso called an Olympic system tournament, a knockout (or, knock-out), single penetration, or sudden death tournamentis a type of elimination tournament where the loser of each bracket is immediately eliminated from winning the championship or first prize in the event.", "Defensive end (DE) is a defensive position in the sport of American and Canadian football.", "An All-America team is a hypothetical American sports team composed of outstanding amateur players. These players are broadly considered by media and other relevant commentators as the best players in a particular sport, of a specific season, for each team position.", "The Cleveland Browns are a professional American football team based in Cleveland, Ohio. The Browns compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the American Football Conference (AFC) North division. The Browns play their home games at FirstEnergy Stadium, which opened in 1999, with administrative offices and training facilities in Berea, Ohio. The Browns' official colors are brown, orange and white. They are unique among the 32 member franchises of the NFL in that they do not have a logo on their helmets and are the only team named after a specific person, original coach Paul Brown.", "The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over a land area of just , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States. Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. A global power city, New York City exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment, its fast pace defining the term \"New York minute\". Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural and financial capital of the world.", "Canadian football is a form of gridiron football played in Canada in which two teams of 12 players each compete for territorial control of a field of play long and wide attempting to advance a pointed prolate spheroid ball into the opposing team's scoring area (end zone).", "The Minnesota Vikings are an American football team based in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The Vikings joined the National Football League (NFL) as an expansion team in 1960, and first took the field for the 1961 season. The team competes in the National Football Conference (NFC) North division; before that, the Vikings were in the NFC Central, and before that they were in the NFL's Western Conference Central Division. The team has played in four Super Bowl games, but lost each one. The team plays its home games at U.S. Bank Stadium in the Downtown East section of Minneapolis.", "A research university is a university that expects all its tenured and tenure-track faculty to continuously engage in research, as opposed to merely requiring it as a condition of an initial appointment or tenure. Such universities can be recognized by their strong focus on innovative research and the prestige of their brand names. On the one hand, research universities strive to recruit faculty who are the most brilliant minds in their disciplines in the world, and their students enjoy the opportunity to learn from such experts. On the other hand, new students are often disappointed to realize their undergraduate courses at research universities are overly academic and fail to provide vocational training with immediate \"real world\" applications; but many employers value degrees from research universities because they know that such coursework develops fundamental skills like critical thinking. ", "Berea\nis a city in Cuyahoga County in the U.S. state of Ohio and is a western suburb of Cleveland. The population was 19,093 at the 2010 census. Berea is home to Baldwin Wallace University, as well as the training facility for the Cleveland Browns and the Cuyahoga County Fairgrounds.", "NFL Network (occasionally abbreviated on-air as NFLN) is an American sports-oriented cable and satellite television network that is owned by the National Football League (NFL) and is part of NFL Media, which also includes NFL.com, NFL Films, NFL Mobile, NFL Now and NFL RedZone. Dedicated to American football, the network features game telecasts from the NFL, as well as NFL-related content including analysis programs, specials and documentaries. The network is headquartered in the Los Angeles suburb of Culver City, California, and broadcasts its worldwide feed from Encompass Digital Media (formally Crawford Communications) in Atlanta, Georgia.", "Florida (Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida and Cuba. Florida is the 22nd most extensive, the 3rd most populous, and the 8th most densely populated of the U.S. states. Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and is the largest city by area in the contiguous United States. The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area. The city of Tallahassee is the state capital.", "Tallahassee is the capital of the U.S. state of Florida. It is the county seat and only incorporated municipality in Leon County. Tallahassee became the capital of Florida, then the Florida Territory, in 1824. In 2015, the population was 189,907, making the city the 126th-largest city in the United States. The population of the Tallahassee metropolitan area was 377,924 as of 2015. Tallahassee is the largest city in the Northwest Florida region as well as the main center for trade and agriculture in the Florida Big Bend and Southwest Georgia regions.", "The 1995 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players. It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting. The draft was held April 2223, 1995 at the Paramount Theatre at Madison Square Garden in New York City, New York. At the time of the draft the Raiders were still the Los Angeles Raiders, they relocated to Oakland in July 1995. The league also held a supplemental draft after the regular draft and before the regular season.", "Paul Eugene Brown (September 7, 1908 August 5, 1991) was an American football coach and executive in the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) and National Football League (NFL). Brown was both the co-founder and first coach of the Cleveland Browns and later played a role in founding the Cincinnati Bengals. His teams won seven league championships in a professional coaching career spanning 25 seasons. He is the only NFL coach ever to have an NFL team named after him.", "The Oakland Raiders are a professional American football franchise based in Oakland, California. The team commenced operations in 1960 as a member of the American Football League (AFL); they are currently members of the National Football League (NFL), which merged with the AFL in 1970. The Raiders currently compete in the NFL as a member club of the league's American Football Conference (AFC) West division and play their home games at the OaklandAlameda County Coliseum. At the end of the NFL's 2015 season, the Raiders boasted a lifetime regular season record of 444 wins, 397 losses, and 11 ties; their lifetime playoff record currently stands at 25 wins and 18 losses.", "The State University System of Florida (SUS, or SUSF out-of-state) is a system of twelve public universities in the U.S. state of Florida. As of 2015, over 341,000 students were enrolled in Florida's state universities. Together with the Florida College System, which includes Florida's 28 community colleges and state colleges, it is part of Florida's system of public higher education. The system, headquartered in Tallahassee, is overseen by a Chancellor and governed by the Florida Board of Governors.", "Warren Carlos Sapp (born December 19, 1972) is a former American football defensive tackle. A Hall of Famer, Sapp played college football for the University of Miami, where he was recognized as a consensus All-American and won multiple awards. Sapp played in the National Football League (NFL) from 1995 to 2007 for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and Oakland Raiders. Following Sapp's NFL career, he was an analyst on NFL Network until 2015.", "Minnesota (locally ) is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States. Minnesota was admitted as the 32nd U.S. state on May 11, 1858, created from the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory. The state has a large number of lakes, and is known by the slogan \"Land of 10,000 Lakes\". Its official motto is \"L'Étoile du Nord\" (French: \"Star of the North\").\nMinnesota is the 12th largest in area and the 21st most populous of the U.S. states; nearly 60 percent of its residents live in the MinneapolisSaint Paul metropolitan area (known as the \"Twin Cities\"), the center of transportation, business, industry, education, and government and home to an internationally known arts community. The remainder of the state consists of western prairies now given over to intensive agriculture; deciduous forests in the southeast, now partially cleared, farmed and settled; and the less populated North Woods, used for mining, forestry, and recreation.\nMinnesota is known for its progressive political orientation and its high rate of civic participation and voter turnout. Until European settlement, Minnesota was inhabited by the Dakota and Ojibwe/Anishinaabe. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, the large majority of the European settlers emigrated from Scandinavia and Germany, and the state remains a center of Scandinavian American and German American culture. In recent decades, immigration from Asia, the Horn of Africa, and Latin America has broadened its historic demographic and cultural composition. Minnesota's standard of living index is among the highest in the United States, and the state is also among the best-educated and wealthiest in the nation.", "Christmas or Christmas Day (meaning \"Christ's Mass\") is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed most commonly on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world. A feast central to the Christian liturgical year, it is prepared for by the season of Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of Christmastide, which historically in the West lasts twelve days and culminates on Twelfth Night; in some traditions, Christmastide includes an Octave. The traditional Christmas narrative, the Nativity of Jesus, delineated in the New Testament says that Jesus was born in Bethlehem, in accordance with messianic prophecies; when Joseph and Mary arrived in the city, the inn had no room and so they were offered a stable where the Christ Child was soon born, with angels proclaiming this news to shepherds who then disseminated the message furthermore. Christmas Day is a public holiday in many of the world's nations, is celebrated religiously by the vast majority of Christians, as well as culturally by a number of non-Christian people, and is an integral part of the holiday season, while some Christian groups reject the celebration. In several countries, celebrating Christmas Eve on December 24 has the main focus rather than December 25, with gift-giving and sharing a traditional meal with the family.", "The American Football Conference (AFC) is one of the two conferences of the National Football League (NFL), the highest professional level of American football in the United States. This conference and its counterpart, the National Football Conference (NFC), currently contain 16 teams each, making up the 32 teams of the NFL. Both conferences were created as part of the 1970 merger with the rival American Football League (AFL), with all ten of the former AFL teams and three NFL teams forming the AFC, and the remaining thirteen NFL clubs forming the NFC. A series of league expansions and division realignments have occurred since the merger, thus making the current total 16 clubs per each conference.", "FirstEnergy Corporation is a diversified energy company headquartered in Akron, Ohio. Its subsidiaries and affiliates are involved in the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity, as well as energy management and other energy-related services. Its ten electric utility operating companies comprise the United States' largest investor-owned utility, based on serving 6 million customers within a area of Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Virginia, Maryland, New Jersey and New York. Its generation subsidiaries control more than 23,000 megawatts of capacity, and its distribution lines span over 194,000 miles. In 2013, FirstEnergy ranked 181 on the Fortune 500 list of the largest public corporations in America.", "Florida State University (commonly referred to as Florida State or FSU) is an American public space-grant and sea-grant research university. Its primary campus is located on a 1,391.54-acre (5.631 km2) campus in Tallahassee, Florida, United States. It is a senior member of the State University System of Florida. Founded in 1851, it is located on the oldest continuous site of higher education in the state of Florida.", "The Super Bowl is the annual championship game of the National Football League (NFL), the highest level of professional American football in the world. The game is the culmination to a season that begins in the late summer of the previous calendar year. Normally, Roman numerals are used to identify each game, rather than the year in which it is held. For example, Super Bowl I was played on January 15, 1967, following the 1966 regular season. The single exception to this rule is Super Bowl 50, which was played on February 7, 2016, following the 2015 regular season. The next game, Super Bowl LI, scheduled for February 5, 2017, will follow the 2016 regular season.", "An expansion team is a brand new team in a sports league, usually from a city that has not hosted a team in that league before, formed with the intention of satisfying the demand for a local team from a population in a new area. Sporting leagues also hope that the expansion of their competition will grow the popularity of the sport generally. The term is most commonly used in reference to the North American major professional sports leagues but is applied to sports leagues in other countries with a closed franchise system of league membership. The term comes from the expansion of the sport into new areas. That sometimes results in the payment of an expansion fee to the league by the new team and an expansion draft to populate the new roster.", "History.\nEven after the emergence of the professional National Football League (NFL), college football remained extremely popular throughout the U.S. \nAlthough the college game has a much larger margin for talent than its pro counterpart, the sheer number of fans following major colleges provides a financial equalizer for the game, with Division I programs the highest level playing in huge stadiums, six of which have seating capacity exceeding 100,000. In many cases, college stadiums employ bench-style seating, as opposed to individual seats with backs and arm rests. This allows them to seat more fans in a given amount of space than the typical professional stadium, which tends to have more features and comforts for fans. (Only two stadiums owned by U.S. colleges or universities Papa John's Cardinal Stadium at the University of Louisville and FAU Stadium at Florida Atlantic University consist entirely of chairback seating.)", "The University of Miami (informally referred to as UM, U of M, or The U) is a private, nonsectarian research university in Coral Gables, Florida, United States. , the university enrolls 16,848 students in 12 separate colleges/schools, including the Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine in Miami's Health District, a law school on the main campus, and the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science focused on the study of oceanography and atmospheric sciences on Virginia Key, with research facilities at the Richmond Facility in southern Miami-Dade County.", "Cleveland Orenthal Brown, Sr. is a character from the animated television series \"Family Guy\", and its spin-off series \"The Cleveland Show\". He is voiced by Mike Henry. In the first seven seasons of \"Family Guy\", Cleveland is a frequently recurring character. As one of Peter Griffin's neighbors and friends, Cleveland is also one of the few recurring African American characters on the show. He was conceived during the seventh-inning stretch of a Cleveland Indians game. His established profession was that of a deli owner.", "Labor Day in the United States is a public holiday celebrated on the first Monday in September. It honors the American labor movement and the contributions that workers have made to the strength, prosperity, laws and well-being of the country. It is the Monday of the long weekend known as Labor Day Weekend and it is considered the unofficial end of summer. The holiday is also a federal holiday.", "Derrick Alexander ( born November 13 , 1973 ) is a former defensive end / defensive tackle who played for the Minnesota Vikings and Cleveland Browns of the National Football League . He was drafted from Florida State University in the first round of the 1995 NFL Draft ahead of such big names as Hugh Douglas and Warren Sapp . After Alexander retired , he worked in the front office for the Cleveland Browns for several years . Alexander was inducted into the Florida State Hall of Fame in 2007 . From 2011 to 2013 he was the head football coach at Bishop McLaughlin Catholic High School in Spring Hill , Florida .", "The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league consisting of 32 teams, divided equally between the National Football Conference (NFC) and the American Football Conference (AFC). The NFL is one of the four major professional sports leagues in North America, and the highest professional level of American football in the world. The NFL's 17-week regular season runs from the week after Labor Day to the week after Christmas, with each team playing 16 games and having one bye week. Following the conclusion of the regular season, six teams from each conference (four division winners and two wild card teams) advance to the playoffs, a single-elimination tournament culminating in the Super Bowl, played between the champions of the NFC and AFC.", "Madison Square Garden (often called MSG or simply The Garden) is a multi-purpose indoor arena in the New York City borough of Manhattan. Located in Midtown Manhattan between 7th and 8th Avenues from 31st to 33rd Streets, it is situated atop Pennsylvania Station. It is the fourth venue to bear the name \"Madison Square Garden\", the first two (1879 and 1890) of which were located on Madison Square, on East 26th Street and Madison Avenue, with the third Madison Square Garden further uptown at Eighth Avenue and 50th Street. The Garden is used for professional basketball and ice hockey, as well as boxing, concerts, ice shows, circuses, professional wrestling and other forms of sports and entertainment. It is close to other midtown Manhattan landmarks, including the Empire State Building, Koreatown, and Macy's at Herald Square. It is home to the New York Rangers of the National Hockey League, the New York Knicks of the National Basketball Association, and residency to singer-songwriter Billy Joel." ]

[ "acre", "akron", "alabama", "alameda county", "american football", "angeles", "atlantic ocean", "bend", "berea", "best", "bethlehem", "brand", "california", "canada", "canadian", "center", "central", "cincinnati", "cleveland", "culver", "erie", "eugene", "florida", "georgia", "grant", "green bay", "griffin", "henry", "home", "hope", "jacksonville", "jersey", "leon", "leon county", "louisville", "macy", "made", "madison", "manhattan", "mary", "maryland", "media", "mexico", "miami", "minnesota", "new york city", "nord", "oakland", "of", "ohio", "paramount", "roman", "saint paul", "seattle", "southeast", "street", "strong", "tallahassee", "tampa", "time", "virginia", "warren", "west virginia", "york" ]

[ "The Liberal Party of Canada, colloquially known as the Grits, is the oldest federal political party in Canada. The party espouses the principles of liberalism, and generally sits at the centre of the Canadian political spectrum. The Liberal Party is traditionally positioned to the left of the Conservative Party of Canada and to the right of the New Democratic Party (NDP).", "Independent Liberal is a description allowed in politics to denote party affiliation. It is used to designate a politician as a liberal, yet independent of the official Liberal Party of a country. Those parties were the Liberal Party of Canada, or the Liberal Party of the United Kingdom, or the New Zealand Liberal Party.", "The New Zealand Liberal Party was the first real political party in New Zealand. It governed from 1891 until 1912. The Liberal strategy was to create a large class of small land-owning farmers who supported Liberal ideals, by buying large tracts of Maori land and selling it to small farmers on credit. The First Liberal government also established the basis of the later welfare state, with old age pensions, developed a system for settling industrial disputes, which was accepted by both employers and trade unions. In 1893 it extended voting rights to women, making New Zealand the first country in the world to enact universal female suffrage.", "Wilfrid Lacroix ( 6 March 1891 -- 30 August 1970 ) was a member of the House of Commons of Canada from 1935 to 1958 . His affiliation was mostly with the Liberal party except between 1944 and 1949 when he left the party to act as an `` Independent Liberal '' member . Lacroix was born in Quebec City , Quebec and worked as an architect in the early 20th century . His projects included the Gérard - Morisset Building of the Musée national des beaux - arts du Québec which was designed in the Beaux - Arts style and opened in 1933 as the Quebec Provincial Museum . He was first elected at the Québec -- Montmorency riding in the 1935 general election and was re-elected for successive terms in 1940 federal election , 1945 federal election , 1949 federal election , 1953 federal election and 1957 federal election . Lacroix was defeated by Robert Lafrenière of the Progressive Conservative party in the 1958 election . On 30 January 1939 , Lacroix presented to the House of Commons a petition of 127,364 signatures collected by the Saint - Jean - Baptiste Society `` vigorously protesting against all immigration what so ever and especially Jewish immigration '' . On 10 September that year , as Parliament met to declare war on Germany and join World War II , Lacroix and fellow Quebec Liberal member Liguori Lacombe introduced an amendment for `` non-participation '' in the war , reflecting some reluctance in French Canada to join Britain in war . The two members were condemned in a Globe and Mail editorial the following day as `` two French - Canadians who gained eternal distinction by an attitude unworthy of their people and country . '' On 24 November 1944 , Lacroix and three other Quebec Liberal members left their party to protest the enactment of conscription . Lacroix joined the `` Independent Group '' of opposition anti-conscription MPs led by Frédéric Dorion . As Lacroix moved to the opposition side of the House of Commons , he shouted `` Trahison ! '' ( `` Treason '' ) at Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King . Lacroix was re-elected in the 1945 federal election and until June 1949 , sat in the House of Commons as an `` Independent Liberal '' . On three occasions , he introduced legislation which attempted to outlaw the Communist party , and the associated Labor - Progressive Party . He returned to the Liberal party by the 1949 federal election and remained a party member until his House of Commons career ended in 1958 . Lacroix died in Quebec City on 30 August 1970 ." ]

[ "conservative party", "independent", "independent liberal", "liberal party", "liberal party of canada", "new democratic party", "the left", "the right" ]

[ "A proto-language in the tree model of historical linguistics is a language, usually hypothetical or reconstructed, and unattested, from which a number of attested, or documented, known languages are believed to have descended by evolution, or slow modification of the proto-language into languages that form a language family.", "Linguistics is the scientific study of language, and involves an analysis of language form, language meaning, and language in context. The earliest activities in the documentation and description of language have been attributed to the 4th century BCE Indian grammarian Pini who wrote a formal description of the Sanskrit language in his \"\".", "A verb, from the Latin \"verbum\" meaning \"word\", is a word (part of speech) that in syntax conveys an action (\"bring\", \"read\", \"walk\", \"run\", \"learn\"), an occurrence (\"happen\", \"become\"), or a state of being (\"be\", \"exist\", \"stand\"). In the usual description of English, the basic form, with or without the particle \"to\", is the infinitive. In many languages, verbs are inflected (modified in form) to encode tense, aspect, mood, and voice. A verb may also agree with the person, gender, and/or number of some of its arguments, such as its subject, or object. Verbs have tenses: present, to indicate that an action is being carried out; past, to indicate that an action has been done; future, to indicate that an action will be done.", "Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: , \"Mnak Hind\") or simply Hindi (Devanagari: , \"Hind\"), is an Indian language and a standardised and Sanskritised register of the Hindustani language. Hindi is one of the official languages of India, and is the \"lingua franca\" of the Hindi belt languages. Outside India, Hindi is an official language in Fiji, and is a recognised regional language in Mauritius, Suriname, Guyana, and Trinidad and Tobago.", "The Proto-Indo-Europeans were the prehistoric people of Eurasia who spoke Proto-Indo-European (PIE), the ancestor of the Indo-European languages according to linguistic reconstruction.", "A language family is a group of languages related through descent from a common \"ancestral language\" or \"parental language\", called the proto-language of that family. The term 'family' reflects the tree model of language origination in historical linguistics, which makes use of a metaphor comparing languages to people in a biological family tree, or in a subsequent modification, to species in a phylogenetic tree of evolutionary taxonomy. Linguists therefore describe the \"daughter languages\" within a language family as being \"genetically related\".", "In Indo - European studies , a thematic vowel or theme vowel is the vowel * e or * o from ablaut placed before the ending of a Proto - Indo - European ( PIE ) word . Nouns , adjectives , and verbs in the Indo - European languages with this vowel are thematic , and those without it are athematic . Used more generally , a thematic vowel is any vowel found at the end of the stem of a word .", "Urdu ( or Modern Standard Urdu) is a standardised register of the Hindustani language. It is the and \"lingua franca\" of Pakistan, and an official language of six states of India. It is also one of the 22 official languages recognized in the Constitution of India. Hyderabad, Rampur, Badayun, Bhopal and Lucknow are noted Urdu-speaking cities of India.", "Ethnologue: Languages of the World is a web-based publication that contains statistics for 7,457 languages in its 19th edition, which was released in 2016. Of these, 7,097 are listed as living and 360 are listed as extinct. \"Ethnologue\" provides information on the number of speakers, location, dialects, linguistic affiliations, availability of the Bible in each language and dialect described, and an estimate of language viability using the Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale (EGIDS). The publication is well respected and widely used by linguists. ", "Indo-European studies is a field of linguistics and an interdisciplinary field of study dealing with Indo-European languages, both current and extinct. Its goal is to amass information about the hypothetical proto-language from which all of these languages are descended, a language dubbed Proto-Indo-European (PIE), and its speakers, the Proto-Indo-Europeans, including their society and religion. The studies cover where the language originated and how it spread. This article also lists Indo-European scholars, centres, journals and book series.", "In linguistics, a word is the smallest element that can be uttered in isolation with semantic or pragmatic content (with literal or practical meaning). This contrasts deeply with a morpheme, which is the smallest unit of meaning but will not necessarily stand on its own. A word may consist of a single morpheme (for example: \"oh!, rock, red, quick, run, expect\"), or several (\"rocks, redness, quickly, running, unexpected\"), whereas a morpheme may not be able to stand on its own as a word (in the words just mentioned, these are \"-s, -ness, -ly, -ing, un-, -ed\").\nA complex word will typically include a root and one or more affixes (\"rock-s, red-ness, quick-ly, run-ning, un-expect-ed\"), or more than one root in a compound (\"black-board, rat-race\"). Words can be put together to build larger elements of language, such as phrases (\"a red rock\"), clauses (\"I threw a rock\"), and sentences (\"He threw a rock too, but he missed\").", "The Indo-European languages are a language family of several hundred related languages and dialects. There are about 445 living Indo-European languages, according to the estimate by \"Ethnologue\", with over two-thirds (313) of them belonging to the Indo-Iranian branch. The most widely spoken Indo-European languages by native speakers are Spanish, English, Hindustani (Hindi and Urdu), Portuguese, Bengali, Russian, Persian and Punjabi, each with over 100 million speakers. Today, 46% of the human population speaks an Indo-European language natively, by far the highest of any language family." ]

[ "article", "being", "belt", "book series", "cover", "description", "dialect", "documentation", "edition", "english", "field", "field of study", "historical linguistics", "human", "information", "language", "language family", "linguistics", "location", "morpheme", "number", "people", "pie", "portuguese", "publication", "scale", "statistics", "study", "taxonomy", "tree", "world" ]

[ "Efteling is a fantasy-themed amusement park in Kaatsheuvel in the Netherlands. The attractions are based on elements from ancient myths and legends, fairy tales, fables, and folklore.", "A travelling funfair, often simply called a fair, is a small to medium-sized travelling show primarily composed of stalls and other amusements.", "An amusement park (sometimes referred to as a funfair) or theme park is a group of entertainment attractions, rides, and other events in a location for the enjoyment of large numbers of people. Amusement parks have a fixed location, as opposed to travelling funfairs and traveling carnivals, and are more elaborate than simple city parks or playgrounds, usually providing attractions meant to cater specifically to certain age groups, as well as some that are aimed towards all ages. Theme parks, a specific type of amusement park, are usually much more intricately themed to a certain subject or group of subjects than normal amusement parks.", "A fair (archaic: faire or fayre) is a gathering of people for a variety of entertainment or commercial activities. It is normally of the essence of a fair that it is temporary with scheduled times lasting from an afternoon to several weeks.", "Fantasy is a fiction genre set in an imaginary universe, often but not always without any locations, events, or people from the real world. Most fantasy uses magic or other supernatural elements as a main plot element, theme, or setting. Magic and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds. Fantasy is generally distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the expectation that it steers clear of scientific and macabre themes, respectively, though there is a great deal of overlap between the three, all of which are subgenres of speculative fiction.", "Carnival Festival ( or `` Carnaval Festival '' in Dutch ) is a dark ride in amusement park Efteling in the Netherlands . It was designed by Joop Geesink and opened its doors in 1984 .", "A traveling carnival (US English), usually simply called a carnival, is an amusement show that may be made up of amusement rides, food vendors, merchandise vendors, games of chance and skill, thrill acts, and animal acts. A traveling carnival is not set up at a permanent location, like an amusement park, but is moved from place to place. Its roots are similar to the 19th century circus with both being set up in open fields near or in town and moving to a new location after a period of time. Unlike traditional carnival celebrations, the North American traveling carnival is not tied to a religious observance.", "A legend is a narrative of human actions that are perceived both by teller and listeners to take place within human history and demonstrating human values, and which possesses certain qualities that give the tale verisimilitude. Legend, for its active and passive participants, includes no happenings that are outside the realm of \"possibility\", but may include miracles. Legends may be transformed over time, in order to keep them fresh and vital, and realistic. Many legends operate within the realm of uncertainty, never being entirely believed by the participants, but also never being resolutely doubted.", "Kaatsheuvel is a village in the Dutch province of North Brabant, situated along highways N261 and N628. With a population of roughly 16,600, it is the largest village in and the capital of the municipality of Loon op Zand, which also consists of the villages of De Moer and Loon op Zand. As Kaatsheuvel is a municipality capital, it had a town hall located in the town centre. The town hall was torn down in 2010 as part of an ambitious plan to build a lively new town centre. Currently the new town centre is being built, working title \"Bruisend Dorpshart\" (Sparkling Village's Heart). Kaatsheuvel is (internationally) well known for the Efteling theme park and a gateway to National Park Loonse en Drunense Duinen.", "Folklore is the body of expressive culture shared by a particular group of people; it encompasses the traditions common to that culture, subculture or group. These include oral traditions such as tales, proverbs and jokes. They include material culture, ranging from traditional building styles to handmade toys common to the group. Folklore also includes customary lore, the forms and rituals of celebrations like Christmas and weddings, folk dances and initiation rites. Each one of these, either singly or in combination, is considered a folklore artifact. Just as essential as the form, folklore also encompasses the transmission of these artifacts from one region to another or from one generation to the next. For folklore is not taught in a formal school curriculum or studied in the fine arts. Instead these traditions are passed along informally from one individual to another either through verbal instruction or demonstration. The academic study of folklore is called folkloristics.", "The Netherlands is the main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a densely populated country located in Western Europe with three island territories in the Caribbean. The European part of the Netherlands borders Germany to the east, Belgium to the south, and the North Sea to the northwest, sharing maritime borders with Belgium, the United Kingdom, and Germany. The largest cities in the Netherlands are Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht. Amsterdam is the country's capital, while The Hague holds the Dutch seat of government and parliament. The name \"Holland\" is used to refer informally to the whole of the country of the Netherlands.", "Entertainment is a form of activity that holds the attention and interest of an audience, or gives pleasure and delight. It can be an idea or a task, but is more likely to be one of the activities or events that have developed over thousands of years specifically for the purpose of keeping an audience's attention. Although people's attention is held by different things, because individuals have different preferences in entertainment, most forms are recognisable and familiar. Storytelling, music, drama, dance, and different kinds of performance exist in all cultures, were supported in royal courts, developed into sophisticated forms and over time became available to all citizens. The process has been accelerated in modern times by an entertainment industry that records and sells entertainment products. Entertainment evolves and can be adapted to suit any scale, ranging from an individual who chooses a private entertainment from a now enormous array of pre-recorded products; to a banquet adapted for two; to any size or type of party, with appropriate music and dance; to performances intended for thousands; and even for a global audience." ]

[ "amsterdam", "centre", "deal", "kingdom of the netherlands", "loon op zand", "most", "national park", "netherlands", "normal", "north brabant", "of", "oral", "rotterdam", "the hague", "time", "united kingdom" ]

[ "Europe is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia. Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. To the east and southeast, Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Yet the non-oceanic borders of Europea concept dating back to classical antiquityare arbitrary. The primarily physiographic term \"continent\" as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent's current overland boundaries.", "`` She 's Country '' is a song written by Danny Myrick and Bridgette Tatum and recorded by American country music artist Jason Aldean . It was released in December 2008 as the lead - off single from his album Wide Open and the seventh one of his career . This song is used in the Rock Band Country Track Pack , and has been confirmed as upcoming downloadable content for the Rock Band series .", "The harmonica, also known as a French harp or mouth organ, is a free reed wind instrument used worldwide in many musical genres, notably in blues, American folk music, classical music, jazz, country, and rock and roll. There are many types of harmonica, including diatonic, chromatic, tremolo, octave, orchestral, and bass versions. A harmonica is played by using the mouth (lips and tongue) to direct air into or out of one or more holes along a mouthpiece. Behind each hole is a chamber containing at least one reed. A harmonica reed is a flat elongated spring typically made of brass, stainless steel, or bronze, which is secured at one end over a slot that serves as an airway. When the free end is made to vibrate by the player's air, it alternately blocks and unblocks the airway to produce sound.", "The Xbox 360 is a home video game console developed by Microsoft. As the successor to the original Xbox, it is the second console in the Xbox series. The Xbox 360 competed with Sony's PlayStation 3 and Nintendo's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles. The Xbox 360 was officially unveiled on MTV on May 12, 2005, with detailed launch and game information divulged later that month at the Electronic Entertainment Expo (E3).", "Lead guitar is a guitar part which plays melody lines, instrumental fill passages, guitar solos, and occasionally, some riffs within a song structure. The lead is the featured guitar, which usually plays single-note-based lines or double-stops.\nIn rock, heavy metal, blues, jazz, punk, fusion, some pop, and other music styles, lead guitar lines are usually supported by a second guitarist who plays rhythm guitar, which consists of accompaniment chords and riffs.", "Jason Aldine Williams (born February 28, 1977), known professionally as Jason Aldean, is an American singer. Since 2005, Jason Aldean has been signed to Broken Bow Records, a record label for which he has released seven albums and 24 singles. His 2010 album \"My Kinda Party\" is certified triple-platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). His 2012 album \"Night Train\" is certified double-platinum, while his 2005 self-titled debut, 2007 album \"Relentless\", 2009 album \"Wide Open\", 2014 album \"Old Boots, New Dirt\", and 2016 album \"They Don't Know\" are all certified single-platinum.", "USB, short for Universal Serial Bus, is an industry standard initially developed in the mid-1990s that defines the cables, connectors and communications protocols used in a bus for connection, communication, and power supply between computers and electronic devices. It is currently developed by the USB Implementers Forum (USB IF).", "Recorded history or written history is a historical narrative based on a written record or other documented communication. Recorded history can be contrasted with other narratives of the past, such as mythological, oral or archeological traditions.", "Rock music is a genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and the United States. It has its roots in 1940s' and 1950s' rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical sources.", "Broken Bow Records is an American independent record label based in Nashville, Tennessee. Founded in July 1999 by Benny Brown, the label specializes in country music. The label's general manager is Jon Loba.", "Rock Band is a series of music video games developed by Harmonix and MTV Games, and distributed by Electronic Arts for the Nintendo DS, iOS, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PSP, Wii, Xbox One and Xbox 360 game systems. The series, inspired by Harmonix's previous efforts on the \"Guitar Hero\" series, allows up to four players to simulate the performance of popular rock music songs by playing with controllers modeled after musical instruments. Players can play the lead guitar, bass guitar, keyboard, and drums parts to songs, as well as sing into a USB microphone. Players are scored on their ability to match scrolling musical notes while playing instruments, and by their ability to match the singer's pitch on vocals.", "The word Dobro is, in popular usage, the generic term for a wood-bodied, single cone resonator guitar. It is also an American brand of resonator guitar, currently owned by the Gibson Guitar Corporation. The Dobro was originally made by the Dopyera brothers when they formed the Dobro Manufacturing Company. Their design, with a single inverted resonator, was introduced in competition to the patented Tricone and biscuit designs produced by the National String Instrument Corporation. The Dobro name appeared on other instruments, notably electric lap steel guitars and solid body electric guitars and on other resonator instruments such as Safari resonator mandolins.", "The PlayStation 2 (abbreviated as PS2) is a home video game console that was developed by Sony Computer Entertainment. It is the successor to the PlayStation, and is the second installment in the PlayStation lineup of consoles. It was released on March 4, 2000 in Japan, October 26, 2000 in North America, November 24, 2000 in Europe, and November 17, 2000 in Australia. It competed with Sega's Dreamcast, Microsoft's Xbox, and Nintendo's GameCube in the sixth generation of video game consoles.", "The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) is a continental North and South American trade organization that represents the recording industry in the United States. Its members consist of record labels and distributors, which the RIAA says \"create, manufacture and/or distribute approximately 85% of all legally sold recorded music in the United States.\" The RIAA headquarters is in Washington, D.C.", "Fiddle is another name for the bowed string musical instrument more often called a violin. It is also a colloquial term for the instrument used by players in all genres, including classical music. Fiddle playing, or fiddling, refers to various styles of music. Fiddle is also a common term among musicians who play folk music on the violin. The fiddle is part of many traditional (folk) styles of music which are aural traditions, taught 'by ear' rather than via written music. Fiddle is normally the term used for Irish Traditional Music.", "Electronic Arts Inc. (EA) is an American video game company headquartered in Redwood City, California. Founded and incorporated on May 28, 1982 by Trip Hawkins, the company was a pioneer of the early home computer games industry and was notable for promoting the designers and programmers responsible for its games. As of 2014, Electronic Arts was the world's fourth-largest gaming company by revenue after Tencent, Sony and Microsoft \nThe company sparked controversies over its advertising efforts, and acquisition of other studios.", "The Wii is a home video game console released by Nintendo on November 19, 2006. As a seventh-generation console, the Wii competed with Microsoft's Xbox 360 and Sony's PlayStation 3. Nintendo states that its console targets a broader demographic than that of the two others. , the Wii leads its generation over PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 in worldwide sales, with more than 101 million units sold; in December 2009, the console broke the sales record for a single month in the United States.", "The PlayStation 3 (abbreviated as PS3) is a home video game console developed by Sony Computer Entertainment. It is the successor to PlayStation 2, and is part of the PlayStation brand of consoles. It competed with Microsoft's Xbox 360 and Nintendo's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles. It was first released on November 11, 2006, in Japan, November 17, 2006 in North America, and March 27, 2007 in Europe and Australia.", "Country music is a genre of United States popular music that originated in the southern United States in the 1920s. It takes its roots from the southeastern genre of United States, such as folk music (especially Appalachian folk music), and blues music. Blues modes have been used extensively throughout its recorded history. Country music often consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms and harmonies accompanied by mostly string instruments such as banjos, electric and acoustic guitars, dobros and fiddles as well as harmonicas. According to Lindsey Starnes, the term \"country music\" gained popularity in the 1940s in preference to the earlier term \"hillbilly music\"; it came to encompass Western music, which evolved parallel to hillbilly music from similar roots, in the mid-20th century. The term \"country music\" is used today to describe many styles and subgenres. The origins of country music are the folk music of working-class Americans, who blended popular songs, Irish and Celtic fiddle tunes, traditional English ballads, and cowboy songs, and various musical traditions from European immigrant communities. In 2009 country music was the most listened to rush hour radio genre during the evening commute, and second most popular in the morning commute in the United States.", "MTV (originally an initialism of Music Television) is an American cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Media Networks (a division of Viacom) and headquartered in New York City. Launched on August 1, 1981, the channel originally aired music videos as guided by television personalities known as \"video jockeys\" (VJs). In its early years, MTV's main target demographic was young adults, but today it is primarily towards teenagers, high school students and college students. MTV has toned down its music video programming significantly in recent years, and its programming now consists mainly of original reality, comedy and drama programming and some off-network syndicated programs and films, with limited music video programming in off-peak time periods. It has received criticism towards this change of focus, both by certain segments of its audience and musicians. MTV's influence on its audience, including issues involving censorship and social activism, has also been a subject of debate for several years.", "The or simply, DS, is a 32-bit dual-screen handheld game console developed and released by Nintendo. The device went on sale in North America on November 21, 2004. The DS, short for \"Developers' System\" or \"Dual Screen\", introduced distinctive new features to handheld gaming: two LCD screens working in tandem (the bottom one featuring a touchscreen), a built-in microphone, and support for wireless connectivity. Both screens are encompassed within a clamshell design similar to the Game Boy Advance SP. The Nintendo DS also features the ability for multiple DS consoles to directly interact with each other over Wi-Fi within a short range without the need to connect to an existing wireless network. Alternatively, they could interact online using the now-closed Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection service. Its main competitor was Sony's PlayStation Portable as part of the seventh generation era." ]

[ "1982", "broken bow records", "country music", "english", "europe", "labels", "melody", "pop", "record", "rock music", "safari", "satellite", "sega", "service", "sony", "spring", "united kingdom", "universal", "viacom", "violin" ]

[ "Y Gododdin is a medieval Welsh poem consisting of a series of elegies to the men of the Brittonic kingdom of Gododdin and its allies who, according to the conventional interpretation, died fighting the Angles of Deira and Bernicia at a place named \"Catraeth\" in c. AD 600. It is traditionally ascribed to the bard Aneirin and survives only in one manuscript, the Book of Aneirin.", "Sword at Sunset is a best - selling 1963 novel by Rosemary Sutcliff . One of her few historical novels written specifically for adults , it is her interpretation of the legend of King Arthur . This is the first novel that Sutcliff wrote using a first - person singular point of view for her story . In an interview with Raymond H. Thompson ( in 1986 ) , she explained that she actually spent the eighteen months while writing this story thinking like a man and felt that the story was being fed to her . Unlike most of the The Eagle of the Ninth series , it does not follow either the inheritor of the dolphin seal ring or the person who will eventually marry said inheritor ; although the current inheritor , the son of the protagonist of The Lantern Bearers , is a minor character in the book , the action follows the character of Artos ( Arthur ) as established in The Lantern Bearers .", "King Arthur is a legendary British leader who, according to medieval histories and romances, led the defence of Britain against Saxon invaders in the late 5th and early 6th centuries AD. The details of Arthur's story are mainly composed of folklore and literary invention, and his historical existence is debated and disputed by modern historians. The sparse historical background of Arthur is gleaned from various sources, including the \"Annales Cambriae\", the \"Historia Brittonum\", and the writings of Gildas. Arthur's name also occurs in early poetic sources such as \"Y Gododdin\".", "Annales Cambriae (Latin for The Annals of Wales) is the name given to a complex of Cambro-Latin chronicles compiled or derived from diverse sources at St David's in Dyfed, Wales. The earliest is a 12th-century presumed copy of a mid-10th century original; later editions were compiled in the 13th century. Despite the name, the \"Annales Cambriae\" record not only events in Wales, but also events in Ireland, Cornwall, England, Scotland and sometimes further afield, though the focus of the events recorded especially in the later two-thirds of the text is Wales.", "Rosemary Sutcliff CBE (14 December 1920 23 July 1992) was an English novelist best known for children's books, especially historical fiction and retellings of myths and legends. Although she was primarily a children's author, the quality and depth of her writing also appeals to adults. In a 1986 interview she said, \"I would claim that my books are for children of all ages, from nine to ninety.\" Some of her novels were specifically written for adults." ]

[ "english", "latin", "welsh" ]

[ "Munich (also in British English ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Bavaria, on the banks of River Isar north of the Bavarian Alps. Munich is the third largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Hamburg, and the 12th biggest city of the European Union, with a population of above 1.5 million. The Munich Metropolitan Region is home to 5.8 million people.", "A republic (from ) is a sovereign state, country, or government which is organized with a form of government in which power resides in elected individuals representing the citizen body and government leaders exercise power according to the rule of law. In modern times, the definition of a republic commonly refers to a government which excludes a monarch. Currently, 147 of the world's 206 sovereign states use the word \"republic\" as part of their official names; not all of these are republics in the sense of having elected governments, nor do all nations with elected governments use the word \"republic\" in their names.", "Saarbrücken ([], Rhine Franconian: \"Saarbrigge\" []) is the capital and largest city of the state of Saarland, Germany. Saarbrücken is Saarland's administrative, commercial and cultural centre. The city is situated next to the French border at the heart of the metropolitan area of Saarland.", "The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million. The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states. EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital within the internal market, enact legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries, and regional development. Within the Schengen Area, passport controls have been abolished. A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002, and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency.", "Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular immigration destination in the world. Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin. Other major cities include Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart and Düsseldorf.", "Düsseldorf (Low Franconian, Ripuarian: \"Düsseldörp\" ) is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the seventh most populous city in Germany. Düsseldorf is an international business and financial centre, renowned for its fashion and trade fairs. The city is headquarters to one Fortune Global 500 and two DAX companies. Messe Düsseldorf organises nearly one fifth of premier trade shows.", "Hamburg (local pronunciation ; Low German/Low Saxon: \"Hamborg\" ), officially \"Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg\" (Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg), is the second largest city in Germany and the eighth largest city in the European Union. It is the second smallest German state by area. Its population is over 1.7 million people, and the wider Hamburg Metropolitan Region covers more than 5.1 million inhabitants. The city is situated on the river Elbe.", "Waldstadion an der Kaiserlinde is a multi-use stadium in Spiesen - Elversberg , Germany . It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of SV Elversberg . The stadium is able to hold 9,970 people .", "Spiesen-Elversberg is a municipality in the district of Neunkirchen, in Saarland, Germany. It is situated approximately 4 km southwest of Neunkirchen, and 15 km northeast of Saarbrücken.", "Cologne is the largest city in the German federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia and the fourth-largest city in Germany (after Berlin, Hamburg, and Munich). It is located within the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region, one of the major European metropolitan regions and the largest in Germany, with more than ten million inhabitants.", "A concert is a live music performance in front of an audience. A recital is a concert by a soloist or small group which follows a program, such as featuring the works of a single composer (organ recital). A recitalist is a musician who gives frequent recitals. The invention of the solo piano recital has been attributed to Franz Liszt.", "Berlin is the capital and the largest city of Germany as well as one of its constituent 16 states. With a population of approximately 3.5 million people, Berlin is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union. Located in northeastern Germany on the banks of rivers Spree and Havel, it is the centre of the Berlin-Brandenburg Metropolitan Region, which has about 6 million residents from more than 180 nations. Due to its location in the European Plain, Berlin is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. Around one-third of the city's area is composed of forests, parks, gardens, rivers and lakes.", "The euro (sign: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of the eurozone, which consists of 19 of the member states of the European Union: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain. The currency is also officially used by the institutions of the European Union and four other European countries, as well as unilaterally by two others, and is consequently used daily by some 337 million Europeans . Outside of Europe, a number of overseas territories of EU members also use the euro as their currency.", "Stuttgart ( Swabian: \"Schduagert\"), often nicknamed the \"\"Schwabenmetropole\"\" in reference to its location in the center of Swabia and the local dialect spoken by some natives, is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley locally known as the \"Stuttgarter Kessel\" an hour from the Swabian Jura and the Black Forest. Stuttgart's name comes from the Old High German word \"\"Stuogarten\",\" or \"stud farm\" a reference to the city's founding in 950 AD as a stud farm. Stuttgarts urban area has a population of 623,738, and a further making it the sixth largest city in Germany, 2.7 million people live in the citys administrative region, and another 5.3 million people in its metropolitan area, making it the fourth largest metropolitan area in Germany.", "SpVgg 07 Elversberg is a German association football club, located in Spiesen-Elversberg, Saarland.", "Europe is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia. Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. To the east and southeast, Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Yet the non-oceanic borders of Europea concept dating back to classical antiquityare arbitrary. The primarily physiographic term \"continent\" as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent's current overland boundaries.", "A stadium (plural stadiums or stadia) is a place or venue for (mostly) outdoor sports, concerts, or other events and consists of a field or stage either partly or completely surrounded by a tiered structure designed to allow spectators to stand or sit and view the event.", "Frankfurt am Main is a metropolis and the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany, with a 2015 population of 731,095 within its administrative boundaries, and 2.3 million in its urban area. The city is at the centre of the larger Frankfurt Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region, which has a population of 5.8 million and is Germany's second-largest metropolitan region after Rhine-Ruhr. Since the enlargement of the European Union in 2013, the geographic centre of the EU is about to the east of Frankfurt's CBD, the Bankenviertel. Frankfurt is culturally and ethnically diverse, with around half of the population, and a majority of young people, having a migration background. A quarter of the population are foreign nationals, including many expatriates.", "A parliamentary republic is a republic that operates under a parliamentary system of government where the executive branch (the government) derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature (the parliament). There are a number of variations of parliamentary republics. Most have a clear differentiation between the head of government and the head of state, with the head of government holding real power, much like constitutional monarchies. Some have combined the roles of head of state and head of government, much like presidential systems, but with a dependency upon parliamentary power.", "The Saarland (German: \"das Saarland\" ; - ) is one of the sixteen federal states (or \"Bundesländer\") of Germany. With its capital at Saarbrücken, it has an area of 2,570 km² and its population (as of 30 April 2012) is approximately 1,012,000. In terms of both area and population size apart from the city-states of Berlin, Bremen and Hamburg it is Germany's smallest federal state. The wealth of its coal deposits and their large-scale industrial exploitation, coupled with its location on the border between France and Germany, have given the Saarland a unique history in modern times." ]

[ "atlantic ocean", "austria", "banks", "berlin", "center", "cologne", "cyprus", "district", "düsseldorf", "estonia", "eu", "europe", "european union", "forest", "frankfurt", "germany", "hamburg", "hesse", "ireland", "italy", "jura", "lakes", "malta", "most", "munich", "netherlands", "neunkirchen", "north", "of", "plain", "rhine", "river", "saarbrücken", "saarland", "south", "southwest", "stadium", "stuttgart", "west" ]

[ "The Securities Investor Protection Act of 1970 , Public Law No. 91 - 598 , 84 Stat. 1636 ( Dec. 30 , 1970 ) , codified at 15 U.S.C. § 78aaa through 15 U.S.C. § 78lll , established the Securities Investor Protection Corporation ( SIPC ) . Most brokers and dealers registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are required to be members of the SIPC . The SIPC maintains a fund that is intended to protect investors against the misappropriation of their funds and of most types of securities in the event of the failure of their broker .", "The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (also called the Exchange Act, '34 Act, or 1934 Act) (codified at et seq.) is a law governing the secondary trading of securities (stocks, bonds, and debentures) in the United States of America. A landmark of wide-ranging legislation, the Act of '34 and related statutes form the basis of regulation of the financial markets and their participants in the United States. The 1934 Act also established the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the agency primarily responsible for enforcement of United States federal securities law.", "The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is a United States government corporation providing deposit insurance to depositors in US banks. The FDIC was created by the 1933 Banking Act after the Great Depression to restore trust in the American banking system; more than one-third of banks failed in the years before the FDIC's creation, and bank runs were common. The insurance limit was initially US$2,500 per ownership category. Since the passage of the DoddFrank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act in 2011, the FDIC insures deposits in member banks up to US$250,000 per ownership category.", "The Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC ) is a federally mandated, non-profit, member-funded, United States corporation created under the Securities Investor Protection Act (SIPA) of 1970 and mandates membership of most US-registered broker-dealers. It is not a Self-regulatory organization (SRO). \"The SIPC fund, which constitutes an insurance program, is designed to protect the customers of brokers or dealers subject to the SIPA from loss in case of financial failure of the member. The fund is supported by assessments upon its members. If the fund should become inadequate, the SIPA authorizes borrowing against the U.S. Treasury. An analogy could be made to the role of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) in the banking industry.\"" ]

[ "united states", "united states of america" ]

[ "Fantasy is a fiction genre set in an imaginary universe, often but not always without any locations, events, or people from the real world. Most fantasy uses magic or other supernatural elements as a main plot element, theme, or setting. Magic and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds. Fantasy is generally distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the expectation that it steers clear of scientific and macabre themes, respectively, though there is a great deal of overlap between the three, all of which are subgenres of speculative fiction.", "Kevin John Brockmeier (born December 6, 1972) is an American writer of fantasy and literary fiction. His short stories have been printed in numerous publications and he has published two collections of stories, two children's novels, and two fantasy novels. Brockmeier, who was born and raised in Little Rock, Arkansas, is a graduate of Parkview Arts and Science Magnet High School (1991) and Southwest Missouri State University (1995). He taught at the Iowa Writers' Workshop, where he received his MFA in 1997, and lives in Little Rock.", "The supernatural (Medieval Latin: \"superntrlis\": \"supra\" \"above\" + \"naturalis\" \"natural\", first used: 15201530 AD) includes all that cannot be explained by science or the laws of nature, including things characteristic of or relating to ghosts, gods, or other supernatural beings, or to things beyond nature.", "Genre (or ; from French \"genre\" , \"kind\" or \"sort\", from Latin \"genus\" (stem \"gener-\"), Greek , \"gés\") ", "The Program in Creative Writing, more commonly known as the Iowa Writers' Workshop, at the University of Iowa in Iowa City, Iowa, is a much-celebrated graduate-level creative writing program in the United States. Writer Lan Samantha Chang is its director. Graduates earn a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) degree in English.", "Little Rock is the capital and the most populous city of the U.S. state of Arkansas. It is also the county seat of Pulaski County. It was incorporated on November 7, 1831, on the south bank of the Arkansas River close to the geographic center of the state. The city derives its name from a rock formation along the river, named \"le petit rocher\" by the French in the 1720s. The capital of the Arkansas Territory was moved to Little Rock from Arkansas Post in 1821. The city's population was 193,524 at the 2010 census. The six county Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) is ranked 75th in terms of population in the United States with 724,385 residents according to the 2013 estimate by the United States Census Bureau.", "The Brief History of the Dead is a fantasy and adventure novel by Kevin Brockmeier ." ]

[ "english", "french", "latin" ]

[ "Rapid Fire is a 2006 action television film starring Jessica Steen and David Cubitt based on the 1980 Norco shootout . While in production it was titled Norco .", "David Cubitt (born 18 March 1965) is an English-born Canadian television actor.", "An actor (or actress for females; see terminology) is a person who portrays a character in a performance. The actor performs \"in the flesh\" in the traditional medium of the theatre, or in modern mediums such as film, radio, and television. The analogous Greek term is, literally \"one who answers\". The actor's interpretation of their role pertains to the role played, whether based on a real person or fictional character. Interpretation occurs even when the actor is \"playing themselves\", as in some forms of experimental performance art, or, more commonly; to act, is to create, a character in performance." ]

[ "english", "greek" ]

[ "The President of the French Republic, is the executive head of state of the French Fifth Republic. The powers, functions and duties of prior presidential offices, and their relation with the first minister and cabinets has over time differed with the various French constitutions.", "François Maurice Adrien Marie Mitterrand (26 October 1916 8 January 1996) was a French politician who was President of France from 1981 to 1995, the longest time in office of any French president. As leader of the Socialist Party, he was the first figure from the left elected president under the Fifth Republic.", "The Federation of the Democratic and Socialist Left ( Fédération de la gauche démocrate et socialiste or FGDS ) was a conglomerate of French left - wing non-Communist forces . It was founded to support François Mitterrand 's candidature at the 1965 presidential election and to counterbalance the Communist preponderance over the French left . It was composed of : the SFIO Socialist party led by Guy Mollet the Radical Party headed by René Billères the Democratic and Socialist Union of the Resistance ( UDSR ) the Convention of Republican Institutions ( CIR ) of François Mitterrand the Union of Socialist Groups and Clubs ( UGCS ) of Jean Poperen the Union of Clubs for the Renewal of the Left of Alain Savary Before the beginning of the 1965 presidential campaign , the non-Communist left was divided . The Socialist Gaston Defferre proposed the creation of a `` Great Federation '' gathering the center - left and the center - right parties in order to resist to the Gaullist domination over the country and to the leading role of the French Communist Party ( PCF ) over the opposition . He wanted to be its candidate for the presidency . However , this project failed in due to the objections of the Socialist and Christian - Democrat leaders . Then , François Mitterrand proposed to be candidate with a strategy of union between the left - wing forces , including the PCF . This one accepted to support his candidature . Nevertheless , in order to talk on an equal footing with the Communists , he advocated the constitution of a federation of the left - wing non-Communist forces . This strategy was confirmed by the relatively good electoral result of Mitterrand , who succeeded to prevent a re-election of De Gaulle in the first round , and obtained 45 % of the votes against him in the second round . Furthermore , the PCF / FGDS electoral agreements permitted to shrink the Gaullist parliamentary majority after the 1967 legislative election . But the FGDS was divided about question of the relations with the PCF which demanded the elaboration of a common programme . During the May 68 events , François Mitterrand announced his candidature for an anticipated presidential election . He thought Charles de Gaulle would resign after the crisis . Finally , de Gaulle dissolved the National Assembly and his followers won the June 1968 legislative election . Held as responsible for the failure , Mitterrand resigned in November 1968 and the FGDS dissolved itself . Mitterrand then undertook to conquer the Socialist Party ( PS ) which succeeded to the SFIO in 1969 ." ]

[ "france", "french republic" ]

[ "A community is commonly considered a social unit (a group of people) who have something in common, such as norms, values, or identity. Often - but not always - communities share a sense of place that is situated in a given geographical area (e.g. a country, village, town, or neighborhood). Durable relations that extend beyond immediate genealogical ties also define a sense of community. People tend to define those social ties as important to their identity, practice, and roles in social institutions like family, home, work, government, society, or humanity, at large. Although communities are usually small relative to personal social ties (micro-level), \"community\" may also refer to large group affiliations (or macro-level), such as national communities, international communities, and virtual communities.", "A festival is an event ordinarily celebrated by a community and centering on some characteristic aspect of that community and its religion or traditions, often marked as a local or national holiday, mela, or eid. Next to religion and folklore, a significant origin is agricultural. Food is such a vital resource that many festivals are associated with harvest time. Religious commemoration and thanksgiving for good harvests are blended in events that take place in autumn, such as Halloween in the northern hemisphere and Easter in the southern.", "Mela is a Sanskrit word meaning 'gathering' or 'to meet' or a 'fair'. It is used in the Indian subcontinent for all sizes of gatherings and can be religious, commercial, cultural or sport-related. In rural traditions melas or village fairs were (and in some cases still are) of great importance. This led to their export around the world by south Asian diaspora communities wishing to bring something of that tradition to their new countries. ", "VéloSoleX is a moped, or motorised bicycle, usually just referred to as 'Solex', which was originally produced by the French manufacturer Solex, based in Paris, France. The company manufactured centrifugal radiators, carburetors, and micrometers, before branching into assist motors and bicycles. The moped originally created during World War II and mass-produced between 1946 and 1988 came in various iterations, whilst keeping the same concept of a motor with roller resting on the front wheel of bicycle", "A carburetor (American and Canadian spelling), or carburettor (Commonwealth spelling), or carburator, or carburetter is a device that blends air and fuel for an internal combustion engine. It is sometimes colloquially shortened to \"carb\" in North America or \"carby\" in Australia. To carburate or carburet (and thus carburation or carburetion, respectively) is to blend the air and fuel or to equip (an engine) with a carburetor for that purpose.", "Solex is a French manufacturer of carburetors and the powered bicycle VéloSoleX.", "The Rock'n Solex festival is a French student festival , combining Solex racing and music , first held in 1967 . It combines Solex races during the day and music concerts every night .", "Religion is a cultural system of behaviors and practices, world views, sacred texts, holy places, ethics, and societal organisation that relate humanity to what an anthropologist has called \"an order of existence\". Different religions may or may not contain various elements, ranging from the \"divine\", \"sacred things\", \"faith\", a \"supernatural being or supernatural beings\" or \"some sort of ultimacy and transcendence that will provide norms and power for the rest of life.\"" ]

[ "australia", "france", "neighborhood", "world" ]

[ "An abbey is a complex of buildings used by members of a religious order under the governance of an abbot or abbess. It provides a place for religious activities, work and housing of Christian monks and nuns. The concept of the abbey has developed over many centuries from the early monastic ways of religious men and women where they would live isolated from the lay community about them. Religious life in an abbey may be monastic. An abbey may be the home of an enclosed religious order or may be open to visitors. The layout of the church and associated buildings of an abbey often follows a set plan determined by the founding religious order. Abbeys are often self-sufficient while using any abundance of produce or skill to provide care to the poor and needy, refuge to the persecuted or education to the young. Some abbeys offer accommodation to people who are seeking spiritual retreat. There are many famous abbeys across Europe.", "Latin (Latin: ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. The Latin alphabet is derived from the Etruscan and Greek alphabets.", "A title is a prefix or suffix added to someone's name in certain contexts. It may signify either veneration, an official position or a professional or academic qualification. In some languages, titles may be inserted before a last name (for example, \"Graf\" in German, Cardinal in Catholic usage or clerical titles such as Archbishop). Some titles are hereditary.", "In Christianity, an archbishop (via Latin \"archiepiscopus\", from Greek , from -, \"chief\", and , \"bishop\") is a bishop of higher rank or office. In some cases, like the Lutheran Church of Sweden, it is the denomination leader title. Like popes, patriarchs, metropolitans, cardinal bishops, diocesan bishops, and suffragan bishops, archbishops are in the highest of the three traditional orders of bishops, priests, also called presbyters, and deacons. An archbishop may be granted the title, or ordained as chief pastor of a metropolitan see or another episcopal see to which the title of archbishop is attached.", "Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ, who serves as the focal point for the religion. It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, known as Christians. Christians believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament.", "A classical language is a language with a literature that is \"classical\". According to UC Berkeley linguist George L. Hart, \"it should be ancient, it should be an independent tradition that arose mostly on its own, not as an offshoot of another tradition, and it must have a large and extremely rich body of ancient literature.\"", "A nun is a member of a religious community of women, typically one living under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience. She may have decided to dedicate her life to serving all other living beings, or she might be an ascetic who voluntarily chose to leave mainstream society and live her life in prayer and contemplation in a monastery or convent. The term \"nun\" is applicable to Catholics (eastern and western traditions), Orthodox Christians, Anglicans, Lutherans, Jains, Buddhists, Taoists, Hindus and some other religious traditions.", "In Christianity, an abbess (Latin \"abbatissa\", feminine form of \"abbas,\" abbot) is the female superior of a community of nuns, which is often an abbey.", "Prior , derived from the Latin for `` earlier , first '' , ( or prioress for nuns ) is an ecclesiastical title for a superior , usually lower in rank than an abbot or abbess . Its earlier generic usage referred in any monastic superior .", "The Indo-European languages are a language family of several hundred related languages and dialects. There are about 445 living Indo-European languages, according to the estimate by \"Ethnologue\", with over two-thirds (313) of them belonging to the Indo-Iranian branch. The most widely spoken Indo-European languages by native speakers are Spanish, English, Hindustani (Hindi and Urdu), Portuguese, Bengali, Russian, Persian and Punjabi, each with over 100 million speakers. Today, 46% of the human population speaks an Indo-European language natively, by far the highest of any language family.", "An \"official\" is someone who holds an office (function or mandate, regardless whether it carries an actual working space with it) in an organization or government and participates in the exercise of authority (either their own or that of their superior and/or employer, public or legally private).", "Graf (male) or Gräfin (female) is a historical title of the German nobility, usually translated as count. Considered intermediate among noble ranks, the title is often treated as equivalent to the British \"earl\" (whose female version and consort is a \"countess\").", "A male () organism is the physiological sex that produces sperm. Each spermatozoon can fuse with a larger female gamete, or ovum, in the process of fertilization. A male cannot reproduce sexually without access to at least one ovum from a female, but some organisms can reproduce both sexually and asexually. Most male mammals, including male humans, have a Y chromosome, which codes for the production of larger amounts of testosterone to develop male reproductive organs.", "A monastery is a building or complex of buildings comprising the domestic quarters and workplaces of monastics, monks or nuns, whether living in communities or alone (hermits). A monastery generally includes a place reserved for prayer which may be a chapel, church or temple, and may also serve as an oratory.", "Abbot, meaning father, is an ecclesiastical title given to the male head of a monastery in various traditions, including Christianity. The office may also be given as an honorary title to a clergyman who is not actually the head of a monastery. The female equivalent is abbess.", "The Greek alphabet has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th century BC or early 8th century BC It was derived from the earlier Phoenician alphabet, and was the first alphabetic script to have distinct letters for vowels as well as consonants. It is the ancestor of the Latin and Cyrillic scripts. Apart from its use in writing the Greek language, in both its ancient and its modern forms, the Greek alphabet today also serves as a source of technical symbols and labels in many domains of mathematics, science and other fields.", "The classical Latin alphabet, also known as the Roman alphabet, is a writing system originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language. The Latin alphabet evolved from the visually similar Cumaean Greek version of the Greek alphabet, which was itself descended from the Phoenician abjad, which in turn was derived from Egyptian hieroglyphics. The Etruscans who ruled early Rome adopted the Cumaean Greek alphabet which was modified over time to become the Etruscan alphabet, which was in turn adopted and further modified by the Romans to produce the Latin alphabet." ]

[ "abbey", "alphabet", "bengali", "bishop", "branch", "building", "christian", "christianity", "church", "community", "complex", "count", "earl", "ecclesiastical title", "education", "employer", "government", "head", "hindi", "home", "human", "language", "language family", "latin alphabet", "literature", "may", "member", "monastery", "name", "nobility", "nun", "official", "organism", "people", "plan", "point", "position", "prayer", "prefix", "process", "production", "rank", "religion", "religious community", "religious order", "science", "script", "sex", "society", "space", "suffix", "temple", "three", "time", "title", "tradition", "two", "work", "writing system" ]

[ "The South Carolina State House is the building housing the government of the U.S. state of South Carolina. The building houses the South Carolina General Assembly and the offices of the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina. Until 1971, it also housed the Supreme Court. It is located in the capital city of Columbia near the corner of Gervais and Assembly Streets.", "The 1992 Major League Baseball draft took place on June 1, 1992, through a conference call involving all 28 MLB teams of the time. Phil Nevin of Cal State Fullerton was the first overall selection, chosen by the Houston Astros. Derek Jeter, widely considered a future member of the National Baseball Hall of Fame, was selected by the New York Yankees with the sixth selection. In addition to Nevin, Paul Shuey, B. J. Wallace, Jeffrey Hammonds, and Chad Mottola were selected ahead of Jeter.", "Phillip Joseph Nevin (born January 19, 1971) is an American professional baseball coach for the San Francisco Giants of Major League Baseball (MLB). He spent twelve seasons as a player in MLB (19952006), appearing in 1,217 games played for the Houston Astros, Detroit Tigers, Anaheim Angels, San Diego Padres, Texas Rangers, Chicago Cubs and Minnesota Twins.", "Robert Burns (25 January 175921 July 1796), also known as Rabbie Burns, the Bard of Ayrshire, Ploughman Poet and various other names and epithets, was a Scottish poet and lyricist. He is widely regarded as the national poet of Scotland and is celebrated worldwide. He is the best known of the poets who have written in the Scots language, although much of his writing is also in English and a light Scots dialect, accessible to an audience beyond Scotland. He also wrote in standard English, and in these writings his political or civil commentary is often at its bluntest.", "A university (\"a whole\", \"a corporation\") is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which grants academic degrees in various subjects. \nUniversities typically provide undergraduate education and postgraduate education.", "Paul Kenneth Shuey (born September 16, 1970) is an American former professional baseball player. Primarily a relief pitcher, Shuey pitched in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Cleveland Indians (19942002), Los Angeles Dodgers (20022003) and Baltimore Orioles (2007).", "South Carolina is a state in the southeastern region of the United States. The state is bordered to the north by North Carolina, to the south and west by Georgia across the Savannah River, and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean.", "Lake City is a city in Florence County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 6,675 at the 2010 census. Located in central South Carolina, it is south of Florence and included as part of the Florence Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "The New York Yankees are an American professional baseball team based in the New York City borough of the Bronx. The Yankees compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division. The Yankees are one of two Major League clubs based in New York City; the other is the New York Mets. The club began play in the AL in the season as the Baltimore Orioles (not to be confused with the modern Baltimore Orioles.) Frank Farrell and Bill Devery purchased the franchise (which had ceased operations) and moved it to New York City, renaming the club as the New York Highlanders. The Highlanders were officially renamed as the \"Yankees\" in .", "The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching (CFAT) is a U.S.-based education policy and research center. It was founded by Andrew Carnegie in 1905 and chartered in 1906 by an act of the United States Congress. Among its most notable accomplishments are the development of the Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association (TIAA), the Flexner Report on medical education, the Carnegie Unit, the Educational Testing Service, and the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education.", "The OaklandAlameda County Coliseum, typically known as the Oakland Coliseum for short, is a multi-purpose stadium in Oakland, California, United States, which is home to both the Oakland Athletics of Major League Baseball (MLB) and the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL). It opened in 1966 and is the only remaining stadium in the United States that is shared by professional football and baseball teams. The Coliseum was also home to some games of the San Jose Earthquakes of Major League Soccer in 20082009 and hosted games at the 2009 CONCACAF Gold Cup.", "The World Series is the annual championship series of Major League Baseball (MLB) in North America, contested since 1903 between the American League (AL) champion team and the National League (NL) champion team. The winner of the World Series championship is determined through a best-of-seven playoff, and the winning team is awarded the Commissioner's Trophy. As the series is played in October (and occasionally November), during the autumn season in North America, it is often referred to as the Fall Classic.", "Derek Sanderson Jeter (born June 26, 1974) is an American former professional baseball shortstop who played 20 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Yankees. A five-time World Series champion, Jeter is regarded as a central figure of the Yankees' success of the late 1990s and early 2000s for his hitting, baserunning, fielding, and leadership. He is the Yankees' all-time career leader in hits (3,465), doubles (544), games played (2,747), stolen bases (358), times on base (4,716), plate appearances (12,602) and at bats (11,195). His accolades include 14 All-Star selections, five Gold Glove Awards, five Silver Slugger Awards, two Hank Aaron Awards, and a Roberto Clemente Award. Jeter became the 28th player to reach 3,000 hits and finished his career sixth all-time in career hits and the all-time MLB leader in hits by a shortstop.", "The National League of Professional Baseball Clubs, known simply as the National League (NL), is the older of two leagues constituting Major League Baseball (MLB) in the United States and Canada, and the world's oldest current professional team sports league. Founded on February 2, 1876, to replace the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players, it is sometimes called the Senior Circuit, in contrast to MLB's other league, the American League, which was founded 25 years later. Both leagues currently have 15 teams. The two league champions of 1903 arranged to compete against each other in the inaugural World Series. After the 1904 champions failed to reach a similar agreement, the two leagues formalized the World Series as an arrangement between the leagues. National League teams have won 48 of the 112 World Series contested from 1903 to 2016. The 2016 National League champions are the Chicago Cubs.", "Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each, who take turns batting and fielding.", "The Cincinnati Reds are an American professional baseball team based in Cincinnati, Ohio. The Reds compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) Central division. They were a charter member of the American Association in 1882 and joined the NL in 1890.", "Ernest Miller Hemingway (July 21, 1899  July 2, 1961) was an American novelist, short story writer, and journalist. His economical and understated style had a strong influence on 20th-century fiction, while his life of adventure and his public image influenced later generations. Hemingway produced most of his work between the mid-1920s and the mid-1950s, and won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. He published seven novels, six short story collections, and two non-fiction works. Additional works, including three novels, four short story collections, and three non-fiction works, were published posthumously. Many of his works are considered classics of American literature.", "Charles Edward \"Chad\" Mottola (born October 15, 1971) is an American professional baseball player and coach for the Tampa Bay Rays of Major League Baseball (MLB). Mottola played in MLB for five years as an outfielder. Considered a journeyman, Mottola played professionally from 1992 through 2007, appearing in 59 MLB games and 1,801 minor league games. He was the hitting coach for the Toronto Blue Jays during the 2013 season, but his contract was not renewed for 2014.", "A conference call is a telephone call in which someone talks to several people at the same time. The conference calls may be designed to allow the called party to participate during the call, or the call may be set up so that the called party merely listens into the call and cannot speak. It is sometimes called ATC (audio tele-conference).", "A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses include agriculture, business, and traffic censuses. The United Nations defines the essential features of population and housing censuses as \"individual enumeration, universality within a defined territory, simultaneity and defined periodicity\", and recommends that population censuses be taken at least every 10 years. United Nations recommendations also cover census topics to be collected, official definitions, classifications and other useful information to co-ordinate international practice.", "The Oakland Athletics (often abbreviated to A's) are an American professional baseball team based in Oakland, California. The Athletics compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) West division. The club plays its home games at the OaklandAlameda County Coliseum. The club has won nine World Series championships, the third most of all current Major League Baseball teams.", "At the end of each Major League Baseball season, the league leaders of various statistical categories are announced. Leading the league in a particular category is referred to as a \"title\".", "Oakland is the largest city and the county seat of Alameda County, California, United States. A major West Coast port city, Oakland is the largest city in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area, the third largest city overall in the San Francisco Bay Area, the eighth largest city in California, and the 45th largest city in the United States, with a population of 419,267 . It serves as a trade center for the San Francisco Bay Area; its Port of Oakland is the busiest port in the San Francisco Bay, the entirety of Northern California, and the fifth busiest in the United States. The city is located east of San Francisco. Oakland was incorporated in 1852.", "D. T. Cromer ( born March 19 , 1971 in Lake City , South Carolina ) is a former professional baseball player . He graduated from Lexington High School in Lexington , SC and played baseball in college at the University of South Carolina . He went on to play baseball in MLB ( drafted by the Oakland Athletics in the 11th round of the 1992 Major League Baseball Draft ) , as well as in Japan . He played in a total of 85 big league games , all with the Cincinnati Reds . He declined assignment to Triple - A in 2001 and went to Japan to play for the Nippon Ham Fighters . His older brother , Tripp was also a Major League Baseball player .", "Columbia is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of South Carolina, with a population of 133,803 as of 2015. The city serves as the county seat of Richland County, and a portion of the city extends into neighboring Lexington County. It is the center of the Columbia metropolitan statistical area, which had a population of 767,598 as of the 2010 United States Census, growing to 810,068 by July 1, 2015, according to 2015 U.S. Census estimates. The name \"Columbia\" was a poetic term used for the United States, originating from the name of Christopher Columbus.", "The American League of Professional Baseball Clubs, or simply the American League (AL), is one of two leagues that make up Major League Baseball (MLB) in the United States and Canada. It developed from the Western League, a minor league based in the Great Lakes states, which eventually aspired to major league status. It is sometimes called the Junior Circuit because it claimed Major League status for the 1901 season, 25 years after the formation of the National League (the \"Senior Circuit\").", "The University of South Carolina (also referred to as USC, SC, South Carolina, or simply Carolina) is a public, co-educational research university located in Columbia, South Carolina, United States, with seven satellite campuses. Its campus covers over in downtown Columbia not far from the South Carolina State House. The University is categorized by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching as having \"highest research activity.\" It has been ranked as an \"up-and-coming\" university by U.S. News & World Report, and its undergraduate and graduate International Business programs have ranked among the top three programs in the nation for over a decade. It also houses the largest collection of Robert Burns and Scottish literature materials outside Scotland, and the largest Ernest Hemingway collection in the world.", "Jeffrey Bryan Hammonds (born March 5, 1971 in Plainfield, New Jersey) is an American former professional baseball player. Hammonds was an outfielder and played for the Baltimore Orioles (19931998), Cincinnati Reds (19981999), Colorado Rockies (2000), Milwaukee Brewers (20012003), San Francisco Giants (20032004) and the Washington Nationals (2005) in Major League Baseball (MLB). Before playing professionally, Hammonds played for Scotch Plains-Fanwood High School in Scotch Plains, New Jersey and Stanford University.", "The Houston Astros are an American professional baseball team based in Houston, Texas. The Astros are members of the American League (AL) West division in Major League Baseball (MLB), having moved to the division in 2013 after spending their first 51 seasons in the National League (NL). The Astros have played their home games at Minute Maid Park since 2000.", "Research comprises \"creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of humans, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications.\" It is used to establish or confirm facts, reaffirm the results of previous work, solve new or existing problems, support theorems, or develop new theories. A research project may also be an expansion on past work in the field. Research projects can be used to develop further knowledge on a topic, or in the example of a school research project, they can be used to further a student's research prowess to prepare them for future jobs or reports. To test the validity of instruments, procedures, or experiments, research may replicate elements of prior projects or the project as a whole. The primary purposes of basic research (as opposed to applied research) are documentation, discovery, interpretation, or the research and development (R&D) of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge. Approaches to research depend on epistemologies, which vary considerably both within and between humanities and sciences. There are several forms of research: scientific, humanities, artistic, economic, social, business, marketing, practitioner research, life, technological,etc.", "Ohio is an Eastern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States. Ohio is the 34th largest by area, the 7th most populous, and the 10th most densely populated of the 50 United States. The state's capital and largest city is Columbus." ]

[ "alameda county", "andrew", "ayrshire", "baltimore", "bay region", "best", "bryan", "burns", "california", "canada", "capital city", "carnegie", "center", "central", "chad", "chicago", "cincinnati", "columbia", "columbus", "court", "detroit", "florence county", "francisco", "fullerton", "georgia", "hank", "home", "houston", "jersey", "lake city", "light", "los angeles", "march", "miller", "milwaukee", "minnesota", "most", "north carolina", "oakland", "of", "ohio", "pitcher", "plainfield", "richland county", "san francisco", "san jose", "scotch plains", "south carolina", "strong", "tampa", "tampa bay", "texas", "the bronx", "time", "toronto", "washington", "york" ]

[ "A chemist (from Greek chm (ía) alchemy + -ist; replacing chymist from Medieval Latin alchimista) is a scientist trained in the study of chemistry. Chemists study the composition of matter and its properties. Chemists carefully describe the properties they study in terms of quantities, with detail on the level of molecules and their component atoms. Chemists carefully measure substance proportions, reaction rates, and other chemical properties. The word 'chemist' is also used to address Pharmacists in Commonwealth English.", "The Wrench , published in the US under the title of The Monkey 's Wrench , was one of Primo Levi 's collections of stories ( another being The Periodic Table ) . First published as La Chiave a Stella by Einaudi in 1978 , the book was written after Levi had retired from SIVA . It takes the form of an interview by a chemist of a rigger . They are both working in a remote work camp where there is little to do in the evenings except tell stories . The scene is loosely based upon Togliattigrad , the Fiat camp set up in Russia to build a car factory . The rigger is Libertino Faussone and the chemist is clearly autobiographical .", "If This Is a Man (first published in 1947 in Italian as \"Se questo è un uomo\" ; United States title: Survival in Auschwitz) is a work by the Italian Jewish writer Primo Levi. It describes his arrest as a member of the Italian anti-fascist resistance during the Second World War, and his incarceration in the Auschwitz concentration camp (Monowitz) from February 1944 until the camp was liberated on January 27, 1945.", "Auschwitz concentration camp was a network of German Nazi concentration camps and extermination camps built and operated by the Third Reich in Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany during World War II. It consisted of Auschwitz I (the original camp), Auschwitz IIBirkenau (a combination concentration/extermination camp), Auschwitz IIIMonowitz (a labor camp to staff an IG Farben factory), and 45 satellite camps.", "Primo Michele Levi (31 July 1919 11 April 1987) was an Italian Jewish chemist, writer, and Holocaust survivor. He was the author of several books, novels, collections of short stories, essays, and poems. His best-known works include \"If This Is a Man\" (1947) (U.S.: \"Survival in Auschwitz\"), his account of the year he spent as a prisoner in the Auschwitz concentration camp in Nazi-occupied Poland; and his unique work, \"The Periodic Table\" (1975), linked to qualities of the elements, which the Royal Institution of Great Britain named the best science book ever written." ]

[ "english", "german", "greek", "italian", "medieval latin", "polish" ]

[ "Albrecht Glockendon the Elder ( c. 1432 , Nuremberg -- 1474 . Also spelled Albert Glockenton ) was a German engraver and manuscript illuminator . He studied under Rogier van der Weyden , and was also influenced by Martin Schongauer . His descendants made up the large and active Glockendon family of artists .", "Philip the Good (; 31 July 1396 15 June 1467) was Duke of Burgundy as Philip III from 1419 until his death. He was a member of a cadet line of the Valois dynasty, to which all the 15th-century kings of France belonged. During his reign, Burgundy reached the apex of its prosperity and prestige and became a leading center of the arts. Philip is known in history for his administrative reforms, his patronage of Flemish artists such as Jan van Eyck and Franco-Flemish composers such as Gilles Binchois, and the capture of Joan of Arc. In political affairs, he alternated between alliances with the English and the French in an attempt to improve his dynasty's position. As ruler of Flanders, Brabant, Limburg, Artois, Hainaut, Holland, Zeeland, Friesland and Namur, he played an important role in the history of the Low Countries.", "Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular immigration destination in the world. Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin. Other major cities include Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart and Düsseldorf.", "The RhineMainDanube Canal (German: \"Rhein-Main-Donau-Kanal\"; also called Main-Danube Canal, RMD Canal or Europa Canal), in Bavaria, Germany, connects the Main and the Danube rivers across the European Watershed, running from Bamberg via Nuremberg to Kelheim. The canal connects the North Sea and Atlantic Ocean to the Black Sea, providing a navigable artery between the Rhine delta (at Rotterdam in the Netherlands), and the Danube Delta in south-eastern Romania and south-western Ukraine (or Constana, through the DanubeBlack Sea Canal). The present canal was completed in 1992 and is long.", "Jan van Eyck (before c. 1390 9 July 1441) was a Flemish/Netherlandish painter active in Bruges. He is often considered one of the founders of Early Netherlandish painting school and one of the most significant representatives of Northern Renaissance art. The few surviving records of his early life indicate that he was born c. 13801390, most likely in Maaseik. He took employment in the Hague as painter and \"Valet de chambre\" with John III the Pitiless, ruler of Holland and Hainaut in the Hague around 1422, when he was already a master painter with workshop assistants. After John's death in 1425 he was employed in Lille as court painter to Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, until 1429 before moving to Bruges, where he lived until his death. He was highly regarded by Philip, and undertook a number of diplomatic visits abroad, including to Lisbon in 1428 to explore the possibility of a marriage contract between the duke and Isabella of Portugal.", "An urban area is a human settlement with high population density and infrastructure of built environment. Urban areas are created through urbanization and are categorized by urban morphology as cities, towns, conurbations or suburbs. In urbanism, the term contrasts to rural areas such as villages and hamlets and in urban sociology or urban anthropology it contrasts with natural environment. The creation of early predecessors of urban areas during the urban revolution led to the creation of human civilization with modern urban planning, which along with other human activities such as exploitation of natural resources leads to human impact on the environment.", "Rogier van der Weyden or Roger de la Pasture (1399 or 1400 18 June 1464) was an Early Netherlandish painter whose surviving works consist mainly of religious triptychs, altarpieces and commissioned single and diptych portraits. He was highly successful and internationally famous in his lifetime; his paintings were exported or taken to Italy and Spain, and he received commissions from, amongst others, Philip the Good, Netherlandish nobility and foreign princes. By the latter half of the 15th century, he had eclipsed Jan van Eyck in popularity. However his fame lasted only until the 17th century, and largely due to changing taste, he was almost totally forgotten by the mid-18th century. His reputation was slowly rebuilt during the following 200 years; today he is known, with Robert Campin and van Eyck, as the third (by birth date) of the three great Early Flemish artists ('Vlaamse Primitieven' or 'Flemish Primitives'), and widely as the most influential Northern painter of the 15th century. Karel van Mander wrote that the great artistic contribution of Rogier van der Weyden lies in his ideas, his composition and rendering of the soul's expression through pain, happiness or anger, and the tempering of this emotional testimony to the subject matter of his work.", "Nuremberg is a city on the river Pegnitz and the RhineMainDanube Canal in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia, about north of Munich. It is the second-largest city in Bavaria (after Munich), and the largest in Franconia (Franken). The population as of February 2015, is 517,498, which makes it Germany's fourteenth-largest city. The urban area also includes Fürth, Erlangen and Schwabach with a total population of . The \"European Metropolitan Area Nuremberg\" has ca. 3.5 million inhabitants.", "Schwabach is a German town of about 40,000 inhabitants near Nuremberg in the centre of the region of Franconia in the North of Bavaria. The city is an autonomous administrative district (\"kreisfreie Stadt\"). Schwabach is also the name of a river, which runs through the city prior joining the Rednitz.", "Albrecht Dürer (21 May 1471 6 April 1528) was a painter, printmaker, and theorist of the German Renaissance. Born in Nuremberg, Dürer established his reputation and influence across Europe when he was still in his twenties, due to his high-quality woodcut prints.\nHe was in communication with the major Italian artists of his time, including Raphael, Giovanni Bellini and Leonardo da Vinci, and from 1512 he was patronized by emperor Maximilian I.", "A diptych (from the Greek ,\n\"di\" \"two\" + \"ptych\" \"fold\") is any object with two flat plates attached at a hinge. For example, the standard notebook and school exercise book of the ancient world was a diptych consisting of a pair of such plates that contained a recessed space filled with wax. Writing was accomplished by scratching the wax surface with a stylus. When the notes were no longer needed, the wax could be slightly heated and then smoothed to allow reuse. Ordinary versions had wooden frames, but more luxurious diptychs were crafted with more expensive materials.", "Martin Schongauer (c. 1445, Colmar 2 February 1491, Breisach), also known as Martin Schön (\"Martin beautiful\") or Hübsch Martin (\"pretty Martin\") by his contemporaries, was an Alsatian engraver and painter. He was the most important printmaker north of the Alps before Albrecht Dürer.", "The Alps are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe, stretching approximately across eight Alpine countries: Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Slovenia, and Switzerland. The mountains were formed over tens of millions of years as the African and Eurasian tectonic plates collided. Extreme shortening caused by the event resulted in marine sedimentary rocks rising by thrusting and folding into high mountain peaks such as Mont Blanc and the Matterhorn. Mont Blanc spans the FrenchItalian border, and at is the highest mountain in the Alps. The Alpine region area contains about a hundred peaks higher than 4000 metres (just over 13,000 feet).", "Robert Campin (c. 1375 26 April 1444), now usually identified as the artist known as the Master of Flémalle, is usually considered the first great master of Flemish and Early Netherlandish painting. His identity and the attribution of the paintings in the \"Campin group\" has been a matter of controversy for decades. His life is relatively well documented for the period, but he did not sign his paintings, and none could be securely connected with him, whilst a corpus of work attached to the unidentified \"Master of Flémalle\".", "Karel van Mander (I) or Carel van Mander I (alternative name spellings: Carel van Mandere, Karel Van Mander and Carel Van Mander) (May 1548 2 September 1606) was a Flemish painter, poet, art historian and art theoretician, who established himself in the Dutch Republic in the latter part of his life. He is mainly remembered as a biographer of Early Netherlandish painters and Northern Renaissance artists in his \"Schilder-boeck\". As an artist and art theoretician he played a significant role in the spread and development of Northern Mannerism in the Dutch Republic." ]

[ "art historian", "artist", "book", "duke", "engraver", "historian", "major", "member", "mountain", "painter", "prior", "ruler", "ukraine", "urban planning", "valet" ]

[ "International Speedway Corporation ( ISC ) is a corporation whose primary business is the ownership and management of NASCAR race tracks . ISC was founded by NASCAR founder Bill France , Sr. in 1953 for the construction of Daytona International Speedway and in 1999 they merged with Penske Motorsports to become one of the largest motorsports companies in North America . The company has played an important , though controversial , role in the modernization of the sport . It has worked with NASCAR to create new tracks and update older ones in an effort to improve the racing and the experience for spectators ( though because both companies have several members of the France family in top positions , ISC 's competitors have filed multiple lawsuits on antitrust grounds ) and has constructed popular new tracks in regions previously thought uninterested in NASCAR .", "Motocross is a form of off-road motorcycle racing held on enclosed off-road circuits. The sport evolved from motorcycle trials competitions held in the United Kingdom.", "Camping World is an American corporation specializing in selling recreational vehicles, recreational vehicle parts, and recreational vehicle service. They also sell supplies for camping. The company has its headquarters in Lincolnshire, Illinois. In October 2016 it became a publicly traded company when it raised $251 million in an IPO. Camping World operates 120 retail/service locations in 36 states, and also sells goods through mail order and online. It claims to be the world's largest supplier of RV parts and supplies. The company is also the title sponsor for the NASCAR Camping World East Series, NASCAR Camping World West Series, and NASCAR Camping World Truck Series. Recently, it has become the title sponsor of the Camping World Stadium, home of the Orlando City soccer team.", "Monster Energy is an energy drink introduced by Hansen Natural Corp. (HANS) in April 2002. The regular flavor comes in a black can with a green, torn M shaped logo. The company is also known for supporting many extreme sports events such as UFC, BMX, Motocross, Speedway, skateboarding and snowboarding, as well as eSports. In addition, Monster Energy promotes a number of music bands around the world, like Asking Alexandria, The Word Alive, Maximum the Hormone and Five Finger Death Punch. Monster currently sponsors the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series.", "The France family is known as the \"first family\" of NASCAR racing. NASCAR was founded by Bill France, Sr. in 1948 and to this day France family members own and operate NASCAR. Brian France, the grandson of the founder, is the chairman and CEO. The France family also controls International Speedway Corporation and International Motor Sports Association.", "Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area. The neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east. Australia's capital is Canberra, and its largest urban area is Sydney.", "The NASCAR Camping World Truck Series (formerly the NASCAR SuperTruck Series presented by Craftsman and the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series) is a pickup truck racing series owned and operated by the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing, and is the only series in all of NASCAR to race modified production pickup trucks. The series is one of three national divisions of NASCAR, ranking as the third tier behind the second-tier Xfinity Series and the top level Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series. Camping World has served as the title sponsor since 2009; it replaced Craftsman, who served in that role from 1996 through 2008.", "France, officially the French Republic, is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The European, or metropolitan, area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. France spans and had a total population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017. It is a unitary semi-presidential republic with the capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Other major urban centres include Marseille, Lyon, Lille, Nice, Toulouse and Bordeaux.", "Japan (\"Nippon\" or \"Nihon\" ; formally \"\" or \"Nihon-koku\", means \"State of Japan\") is a sovereign island nation in Eastern Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, It is lying off the eastern coast of the Asia Mainland (east of China, Korea, Russia) and stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and near Taiwan in the southwest. ", "Daytona International Speedway is a race track in Daytona Beach, Florida, United States. Since opening in 1959, it has been the home of the Daytona 500, the most prestigious race in NASCAR. In addition to NASCAR, the track also hosts races of ARCA, AMA Superbike, USCC, SCCA, and Motocross. The track features multiple layouts including the primary high-speed tri-oval, a sports car course, a motorcycle course, and a karting and motorcycle flat-track. The track's infield includes the Lake Lloyd, which has hosted powerboat racing. The speedway is owned and operated by International Speedway Corporation.", "The NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour (NWMT) (previously the NASCAR Winston Modified Tour and NASCAR Featherlite Modified Series from 1985 until 2005) is a stock car racing series owned and operated by NASCAR in the Modified Division. The Modified Division is NASCAR's oldest division, and is the only open-wheeled division that NASCAR sanctions. NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour events are mainly held in the northeastern United States, but the 2007 and 2008 tours expanded to the Midwest with the addition of a race in Mansfield, Ohio. The tour races primarily on short oval paved tracks, but the NWMT also has made appearances at larger ovals and road courses. ", "The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is an American family-owned and operated business venture that sanctions and governs multiple auto-racing sports events. Bill France Sr. founded the company in 1948 and his grandson Brian France became its CEO in 2003. NASCAR is motorsport's preeminent stock-car racing organization. The three largest racing-series sanctioned by this company are the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the Xfinity Series, and the Camping World Truck Series. The company also oversees NASCAR Local Racing, the Whelen Modified Tour, the Whelen All-American Series, and the NASCAR iRacing.com Series. NASCAR sanctions over 1,500 races at over 100 tracks in 39 of the 50 US states as well as in Canada. NASCAR has presented exhibition races at the Suzuka and Motegi circuits in Japan, the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico, and the Calder Park Thunderdome in Australia.", "The International Motor Sports Association (IMSA) is a North American auto racing sanctioning body based in Daytona Beach, Florida, United States of America. It was started by John Bishop, a former executive director of SCCA (Sports Car Club of America), and his wife Peggy in 1969 with help from Bill France, Sr. of NASCAR. Beginning in 2014, IMSA is the sanctioning body of the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship, the premier series resulting from the merger of Grand-Am Road Racing and the American Le Mans Series presented by Tequila Patrón.", "Daytona Beach is a city in Volusia County, Florida, United States. It lies about northeast of Orlando, southeast of Jacksonville, and northwest of Miami. In the 2010 U.S. Census, it had a population of 61,005. It is a principal city of the DeltonaDaytona BeachOrmond Beach, FL metropolitan statistical area, which was home to 590,289 people in 2010. Daytona Beach is also a principal city of the Fun Coast region of Florida.", "The Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez is a race track in Mexico City, Mexico, named after the racing drivers Ricardo and Pedro Rodríguez. The circuit got its name shortly after it opened when Ricardo Rodríguez died in practice for the non-Championship 1962 Mexican Grand Prix. Ricardo's brother Pedro also lost his life behind the wheel nine years later.", "Brian France (born August 2, 1962) is an American businessman who is the current CEO and Chairman of NASCAR, taking over the position from his father, Bill France Jr., in 2003. \"Time Magazine\" named him one of the \"100 Most Influential of the Century\" in 2006 and he was named one of the five most powerful sports executives by \"The Sporting News\" in 2005.", "William Henry Getty \"Bill\" France (September 26, 1909 June 7, 1992), also known as Bill France Sr. or Big Bill, was an American racing driver. He is best known for co-founding and managing NASCAR, a sanctioning body of US-based stock car racing.", "Mexico (, modern Nahuatl ), officially the United Mexican States, is a federal republic in the southern half of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost two million square kilometers (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the sixth largest country in the Americas by total area and the 13th largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of over 120 million, it is the eleventh most populous country and the most populous Spanish-speaking country in the world while being the second most populous country in Latin America. Mexico is a federation comprising 31 states and a federal district that is also its capital and most populous city. Other metropolises include Guadalajara, Monterrey, Puebla, Toluca, Tijuana and León." ]

[ "australia", "belize", "canada", "china", "france", "french republic", "guinea", "indonesia", "japan", "mexico", "mexico city", "papua new guinea", "russia", "taiwan", "united kingdom", "united states", "united states of america", "world" ]

[ "A radio program (radio programme in the United Kingdom) or radio show is a segment of content intended for broadcast on radio. It may be a one-time production or part of a periodically recurring series. A single program in a series is called an episode.", "Daniel Davis Blocker (December 10, 1928 May 13, 1972) was an American television actor and Korean War veteran. He is best remembered for his role as Hoss Cartwright in the NBC western television series \"Bonanza\".", "CBS (an initialism of the network's former name, the Columbia Broadcasting System) is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation. The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major production facilities and operations in New York City (at the CBS Broadcast Center) and Los Angeles (at CBS Television City and the CBS Studio Center).", "Robert Francis McGowan (July 11, 1882 January 27, 1955) was an American film director and producer, best known as the senior director of the \"Our Gang\" short subjects film series from 1922 until 1933.", "Lorne Hyman Greene, (born Lyon Himan Green; February 12, 1915 September 11, 1987) was a Canadian actor, radio personality, and singer.", "Our Gang (also known as The Little Rascals or Hal Roach's Rascals) is a series of American comedy short films about a group of poor neighborhood children and their adventures. Created by comedy producer Hal Roach, the series was produced from 1922 to 1944 and is noted for showing children behaving in a relatively natural way, as Roach and original director Robert F. McGowan worked to film the unaffected, raw nuances apparent in regular children rather than have them imitate adult acting styles. The series broke new ground by portraying white and black boys and girls interacting as equals.", "Erle Stanley Gardner (July 17, 1889 March 11, 1970) was an American lawyer and author. Though best known for the Perry Mason series of detective stories, he wrote numerous other novels and shorter pieces, as well as a series of nonfiction books, mostly narrations of his travels through Baja California and other regions in Mexico.", "Alfred Hitchcock Presents is an American television anthology series hosted by Alfred Hitchcock, which aired on CBS and NBC between 1955 and 1965. It featured dramas, thrillers, and mysteries. By the time it premiered on October 2, 1955, Hitchcock had been directing films for over three decades. \"Time\" magazine named it one of \"The 100 Best TV Shows of all time\". The Writers Guild of America ranked it #79 on their list of the 101 Best-Written TV Series tying it with \"Monty Python's Flying Circus\", \"\" and \"Upstairs, Downstairs\".", "The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American commercial broadcast television network that is the flagship property of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast. The network is headquartered in the Comcast Building (formerly known as the GE Building) at Rockefeller Center in New York City, with additional major offices near Los Angeles (at Universal City Plaza), Chicago (at the NBC Tower) and soon in Philadelphia at Comcast Innovation and Technology Center. The network is part of the Big Three television networks. NBC is sometimes referred to as the \"Peacock Network\", in reference to its stylized peacock logo, which was originally created in 1956 for its then-new color broadcasts and became the network's official emblem in 1979.", "Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock (13 August 1899 29 April 1980) was an English film director and producer, at times referred to as \"The Master of Suspense\". He pioneered many elements of the suspense and psychological thriller genres. He had a successful career in British cinema with both silent films and early talkies and became renowned as England's best director. Hitchcock moved to Hollywood in 1939, and became a US citizen in 1955.", "Laurel and Hardy were a comedy double act during the early Classical Hollywood era of American cinema. The team was composed of thin Englishman Stan Laurel (18901965) and heavyset American Oliver Hardy (18921957). They became well known during the late 1920s through the mid-1940s for their slapstick comedy, with Laurel playing the clumsy and childlike friend of the pompous Hardy. The duo's signature tune is known variously as \"The Cuckoo Song\", \"Ku-Ku\", or \"The Dance of the Cuckoos\". It was played over the opening credits of their films and has become as emblematic of the duo as their bowler hats.", "An anthology series is a radio or television series that presents a different story and a different set of characters in each episode or season/series. These usually have a different cast each week, but several series in the past, such as \"Four Star Playhouse\", employed a permanent troupe of character actors who would appear in a different drama each week. Some anthology series, such as \"Studio One\", began on radio and then expanded to television.", "So Proudly We Hail! is a 1943 American film directed and produced by Mark Sandrich, and starring Claudette Colbert, Paulette Goddard who was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance and Veronica Lake. Also featuring George Reeves, it was produced and released by Paramount Pictures.", "Monty Pythons Flying Circus (known during the final series as just Monty Python) is a British sketch comedy series created by the comedy group Monty Python and broadcast by the BBC from 1969 to 1974. The shows were composed of surreality, risqué or innuendo-laden humour, sight gags and observational sketches without punchlines. It also featured animations by group member Terry Gilliam, often sequenced or merged with live action. The first episode was recorded on 7 September and premiered on 5 October 1969 on BBC One, with 45 episodes airing over four series from 1969 to 1974, plus two episodes for German TV.", "Beginner's luck refers to the supposed phenomenon of novices experiencing disproportionate frequency of success or succeeding against an expert in a given activity. One would expect experts to outperform novices - when the opposite happens it is counter-intuitive, hence the need for a term to describe this phenomenon. The term is most often used in reference to a first attempt in sport or gambling, but is also used in many other diverse contexts. The term is also used when no skill whatsoever is involved, such as a first-time slot machine player winning the jackpot.", "Paramount Pictures Corporation (known professionally as Paramount Pictures and often referred to simply as Paramount) is an American film studio based in Hollywood, California, that has been a subsidiary of the American media conglomerate Viacom since 1994. Paramount is the fifth oldest surviving film studio in the world, the second oldest in the United States, and the sole member of the \"Big Six\" film studios still located in the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood. In 1916 Zukor contracted 22 actors and actresses and honored each with a star on the logo. These fortunate few would become the first \"movie stars.\" Paramount Pictures is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA).", "Pernell Elven Roberts, Jr. (May 18, 1928  January 24, 2010) was an American stage, film, and television actor, as well as a singer. In addition to guest-starring in over 60 television series, he was best known for his roles as Ben Cartwright's eldest son Adam Cartwright on the Western television series \"Bonanza\" (19591965), and as chief surgeon Dr. John McIntyre, the title character on \"Trapper John, M.D.\" (19791986).", "Harold Eugene \"Hal\" Roach, Sr. (January 14, 1892  November 2, 1992) was an American film and television producer, director, and actor from the 1910s to the 1990s, best known today for producing the Laurel and Hardy and \"Our Gang\" film comedy series.", "The Ziegfeld Follies of the Air, was a program broadcast on CBS Radio during the 1930s, which attempted to bring the success of Florenz Ziegfeld's stage shows to the new medium of radio.", "Claudette Colbert (September 13, 1903 July 30, 1996) was an American film actress, and a leading lady in Hollywood for over two decades, who has been called \"The mixture of inimitably beauty, sophistication, wit, and vivacity\".", "Mitchel L \"Mitch\" Vogel (born January 17, 1956) is an American former child actor. Beginning his professional acting career at the age of ten, Vogel is perhaps best known for his role as the red-headed orphan, Jamie Hunter-Cartwright on the NBC western series \"Bonanza\", as well as for his feature film roles; as Tommy North in \"Yours, Mine and Ours\" and as Lucius McCaslin in \"The Reivers\".", "Perry Mason is a fictional character, a criminal defense lawyer who is the main character in works of detective fiction written by Erle Stanley Gardner. Perry Mason is featured in more than 80 novels and short stories, most of which involve a client's murder trial. Typically, Mason establishes his client's innocence by implicating another character, who then confesses.", "The Ziegfeld Follies were a series of elaborate theatrical revue productions on Broadway in New York City from 1907 through 1931, with renewals in 1934 and 1936. They became a radio program in 1932 and 1936 as \"The Ziegfeld Follies of the Air\".", "In a modern sense, comedy (from the , \"kmidía\") refers to any discourse or work generally intended to be humorous or amusing by inducing laughter, especially in theatre, television, film, and stand-up comedy. The origins of the term are found in Ancient Greece. In the Athenian democracy, the public opinion of voters was influenced by the political satire performed by the comic poets at the theaters. The theatrical genre of Greek comedy can be described as a dramatic performance which pits two groups or societies against each other in an amusing agon or conflict. Northrop Frye depicted these two opposing sides as a \"Society of Youth\" and a \"Society of the Old\". A revised view characterizes the essential agon of comedy as a struggle between a relatively powerless youth and the societal conventions that pose obstacles to his hopes. In this struggle, the youth is understood to be constrained by his lack of social authority, and is left with little choice but to take recourse in ruses which engender very dramatic irony which provokes laughter.", "A criminal defense lawyer, is a lawyer (mostly barristers) specializing in the defense of individuals and companies charged with criminal activity. Some criminal defense lawyers are privately retained, while others are employed by the various jurisdictions with criminal courts for appointment to represent indigent persons; the latter are generally called public defenders. The terminology is imprecise because each jurisdiction may have different practices with various levels of input from state and federal law or consent decrees. Some jurisdictions use a rotating system of appointments with judges appointing a private practice attorney or firm for each case.", "George Reeves (January 5, 1914  June 16, 1959) was an American actor. He is best known for his role as Superman in the 1950s television program \"Adventures of Superman\".", "Mark Sandrich (born Mark Rex Goldstein; October 26, 1900 March 4, 1945) was an American film director, writer, and producer.", "Detective fiction is a subgenre of crime fiction and mystery fiction in which an investigator or a detectiveeither professional or amateurinvestigates a crime, often murder.", "Veronica Lake (born Constance Frances Marie Ockelman; November 14, 1922 July 7, 1973) was an American film, stage, and television actress. Lake won both popular and critical acclaim, most notably for her role in \"Sullivan's Travels\" and for her femme fatale roles in film noirs with Alan Ladd, during the 1940s. She was also well known for her peek-a-boo hairstyle. Lake's career had begun to decline by the late 1940s, in part due to her alcoholism. She made only one film in the 1950s but appeared in several guest-starring roles on television. She returned to the screen in 1966 with a role in the film \"Footsteps In the Snow\", but the role failed to revitalize her career.", "Kitty Kelly , ( born Sue O'Neil April 27 , 1902 -- June 29 , 1968 ) , was an American stage and film character actress . She was best known as a member of the Ziegfeld Follies and her radio hosting with Columbia Broadcasting . One of her best remembered roles is that of Lt. Ethel Armstrong in the 1943 Paramount wartime drama So Proudly We Hail ! . However , she is probably more infamously remembered in the Hal Roach Our Gang comedy short Beginner 's Luck , which was released by M - G - M in 1935 . In that film , Kelly was cast as the pushy stage mother of Spanky McFarland . Thanks to his friends , she finds herself an unwitting victim , as well as a laughingstock , in the gang 's attempt to sabotage and ruin Spanky 's Shakespearean stage act in a talent competition . After the war , she appeared in many TV series ( including Bonanza , Alfred Hitchcock Presents , Batman and Perry Mason , from which she made four guest appearances including the role of Millie Foster in the 1958 episode , `` The Case of the Rolling Bones . ``", "Michael Landon (born Eugene Maurice Orowitz; October 31, 1936 July 1, 1991) was an American actor, writer, director, and producer. He is known for his roles as Little Joe Cartwright in \"Bonanza\" (195973), Charles Ingalls in \"Little House on the Prairie\" (197483), and Jonathan Smith in \"Highway to Heaven\" (198489). Landon appeared on the cover of \"TV Guide\" 22 times, second only to Lucille Ball.", "Gunsmoke is an American radio and television Western drama series created by director Norman Macdonnell and writer John Meston. The stories take place in and around Dodge City, Kansas, during the settlement of the American West. The central character is lawman Marshal Matt Dillon, played by William Conrad on radio and James Arness on television. When aired in the UK, the television series was initially titled Gun Law, later reverting to \"Gunsmoke\".", "David Hoyt Canary (August 25, 1938 November 16, 2015) was an American actor, best known for his roles in \"All My Children\" and \"Bonanza\".", "Paulette Goddard (born Marion Levy; June 3, 1910 April 23, 1990) was an American actress. A child fashion model and a performer in several Broadway productions as a Ziegfeld Girl, she became a major star of the Paramount Studio in the 1940s. Her most notable films were her first major role, as Charles Chaplin's leading lady in \"Modern Times\", and Chaplin's subsequent film \"The Great Dictator\". She was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in \"So Proudly We Hail!\" (1943). Her husbands included Chaplin, Burgess Meredith, and Erich Maria Remarque.", "Bonanza is an NBC television western series that ran from 1959 to 1973. Lasting 14 seasons and 431 episodes, \"Bonanza\" is NBC's longest-running western, and ranks overall as the second-longest-running western series on U.S. network television (behind CBS's \"Gunsmoke\"), and within the top 10 longest-running, live-action American series. The show continues to air in syndication. The show is set around the 1860s and it centers on the wealthy Cartwright family, who live in the area of Virginia City, Nevada, bordering Lake Tahoe. The series stars Lorne Greene, Dan Blocker, Michael Landon, Pernell Roberts (who left after six seasons), and later David Canary and Mitch Vogel. The show is heavily laden with moral messages.", "The Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given in honor of an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a supporting role while working within the film industry.", "Nevada (Spanish for \"snowy\"; see pronunciations) is a state in the Western, Mountain West, and Southwestern regions of the United States of America. Nevada is the 7th most extensive, the 34th most populous, and the 9th least densely populated of the 50 United States. Nearly three-quarters of Nevada's people live in Clark County, which contains the Las VegasParadise metropolitan area where three of the state's four largest incorporated cities are located. Nevada's capital is Carson City. Nevada is officially known as the \"Silver State\" because of the importance of silver to its history and economy. It is also known as the \"Battle Born State\", because it achieved statehood during the Civil War (the words \"Battle Born\" also appear on the state flag); as the \"Sage-brush State\", for the native plant of the same name; and as the \"Sage-hen State\". Nevada borders Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast and Utah to the east." ]

[ "actor", "actress", "author", "bowler", "child actor", "circus", "commercial", "criminal", "detective", "director", "expert", "fashion", "film director", "investigator", "lawyer", "master", "member", "mountain", "performer", "producer", "radio", "singer", "surgeon", "television", "united states of america" ]

[ "Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe, situated between the Baltic Sea in the north and two mountain ranges (the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains) in the south. Bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine and Belarus to the east; and the Baltic Sea, Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) and Lithuania to the north. The total area of Poland is , making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. With a population of over 38.5 million people, Poland is the 34th most populous country in the world, the 8th most populous country in Europe and the sixth most populous member of the European Union. Poland is a unitary state divided into 16 administrative subdivisions, and its capital and largest city is Warsaw. Other metropolises include Kraków, Wrocaw, Pozna, Gdask and Szczecin.", "Moravia is a historical country in the Czech Republic (forming its eastern part) and one of the historical Czech lands, together with Bohemia and Czech Silesia. The medieval and early modern Margraviate of Moravia was a crown land of the Lands of the Bohemian Crown (from 1348 to 1918), an imperial state of the Holy Roman Empire (1004 to 1806), later a crown land of the Austrian Empire (1804 to 1867) and briefly also one of 17 former crown lands of the Cisleithanian part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire from 1867 to 1918. During the early 20th century, Moravia was one of the five lands of Czechoslovakia from 1918 to 1928; it was then merged with Czech Silesia, and eventually dissolved by abolition of the land system in 1949.", "Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south. Slovakia's territory spans about and is mostly mountainous. The population is over 5 million and comprises mostly ethnic Slovaks. The capital and largest city is Bratislava. The official language is Slovak, a member of the Slavic language family.", "Silesia (or ; Silesian German: \"Schläsing\" Silesian: \"lnsk\" ) is a region of Central Europe located mostly in Poland, with small parts in the Czech Republic and Germany. Its area is about , and its population about 8,000,000. Silesia is located along the Oder river. It consists of Lower Silesia and Upper Silesia.", "Continental climates are defined in the Köppen climate classification has having a coldest month mean temperature below -3 C (26.6 F) or 0 °C depending on which isotherm used for the coldest month and four months above 10 °C. In the Köppen climate system, Continental climates were bordered to the south by Temperate climates or C climates (coldest month above 0 C, but below 18 C) and to the north by Boreal climate or E climates (only 1 to 3 months with a mean temperature of 50 F). Köppen also defined continental climates as having more than 30 days with continuous snowcover on the ground. ", "Tachov is a town in the Pilsen Region of the Czech Republic. It lies on the Mže River, some to the west from the region capital of Pilsen.", "Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular immigration destination in the world. Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin. Other major cities include Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart and Düsseldorf.", "Central Europe lies between Eastern Europe and Western Europe. The concept of Central Europe is based on a common historical, social and cultural identity. Central Europe is going through a phase of \"strategic awakening\", with initiatives such as the CEI, Centrope or V4. While the region's economy shows high disparities with regard to income, all Central European countries are listed by the Human Development Index as very highly developed.", "A parliamentary republic is a republic that operates under a parliamentary system of government where the executive branch (the government) derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature (the parliament). There are a number of variations of parliamentary republics. Most have a clear differentiation between the head of government and the head of state, with the head of government holding real power, much like constitutional monarchies. Some have combined the roles of head of state and head of government, much like presidential systems, but with a dependency upon parliamentary power.", "An oceanic climate (also known as marine, west coast and maritime) is the climate typical of west coasts in higher middle latitudes of continents, and generally features cool summers (relative to their latitude) and cool but not cold winters, with a relatively narrow annual temperature range and few extremes of temperature, with the exception for transitional areas to continental and subarctic climates. Oceanic climates are defined as having a monthly mean temperature below in the warmest month, and above in the coldest month. ", "Czech Silesia is the name given to the part of the historical region of Silesia presently located in the Czech Republic. While not today an administrative entity in itself, Czech Silesia is, together with Bohemia and Moravia, one of the three historical Czech lands. In this context, it is often mentioned as \"Silesia\" even though it is only around one tenth of the area of the historic land of Silesia. ", "Bor ( German : Haid ) is a town in the Pilsen Region of the Czech Republic . It lies some 50 km ( 30 mi ) to the west from the region capital of Pilsen . It is also the seat of the Municipality with Commissioned Local Authority within the Tachov Municipality with Extended Competence .", "The Mže is a 107 km long river in the Czech Republic. Its source is situated in the Griesbach Forest (726 metres), Germany, near the village of Asch, in the municipality of Mähring, Tirschenreuth district. It forms the state boundary for a short distance of 3 kilometers and then finally enters Czech territory. It passes through the towns of Tachov and Stíbro. At the confluence with the Radbuza, it forms the Berounka in Pilsen. Its major left affluent is Hamerský potok and the right affluent is Úhlava. There are two water dams on the Mže, Luina and Hracholusky, both in the Tachov district. The basin area of the Mže is 1,828.6 km².", "The Czech Republic, also known by the short name Czechia, is a nation state in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast. The Czech Republic covers an area of with mostly temperate continental climate and oceanic climate. It is a unitary parliamentary republic, has 10.5 million inhabitants and the capital and largest city is Prague, with over 1.2 million residents. The Czech Republic includes the historical territories of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia.", "Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. It is the 14th largest city in the European Union. It is also the historical capital of Bohemia. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.26 million people, while its larger urban zone is estimated to have a population of nearly 2 million. The city has a temperate climate, with warm summers and chilly winters.", "A nation state is a type of state that joins the political entity of a state to the cultural entity of a nation, from which it aims to derive its political legitimacy to rule and potentially its status as a sovereign state.\nA state is specifically a political and geopolitical entity, whilst a nation is a cultural and ethnic one. The term \"nation state\" implies that the two coincide, in that a state has chosen to adopt and endorse a specific cultural group as associated with it.", "Bohemia is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech lands in the present-day Czech Republic. In a broader meaning, Bohemia sometimes refers to the entire Czech territory, including Moravia and Czech Silesia, especially in a historical context, such as the Lands of the Bohemian Crown ruled by Bohemian kings." ]

[ "austria", "austrian empire", "berlin", "bratislava", "central", "czech republic", "district", "europe", "european union", "germany", "hamburg", "holy roman empire", "hungary", "kaliningrad", "kaliningrad oblast", "kraków", "moravia", "munich", "north", "of", "poland", "prague", "river", "silesia", "slovakia", "south", "tachov district", "ukraine", "union", "warsaw", "west" ]

[ "Julio Cortázar, born Jules Florencio Cortázar (August 26, 1914 February 12, 1984), was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist. Known as one of the founders of the Latin American Boom, Cortázar influenced an entire generation of Spanish-speaking readers and writers in the Americas and Europe.", "Final del juego ( End of the Game ) is a book of eighteen short stories written by Julio Cortázar .", "The Latin American Boom was a flourishing of literature, poetry and criticism in Latin America during the 1960s and 1970s, when writers from this region explored new ideas and came to international renown in a way that had not happened previously. Major figures of the boom include Julio Cortázar, Gabriel García Márquez, Carlos Fuentes, and Mario Vargas Llosa." ]

[ "latin", "spanish" ]

[ "Within the English legal system, the Court of Appeal (formally Her Majesty's Court of Appeal in England & Wales) is second only to the Supreme Court. Established in 1875, the Court of Appeal today comprises 38 Lord Justices of Appeal.", "Her Majesty's Courts of Justice of England and Wales are the civil and criminal courts responsible for the administration of justice in England and Wales; they apply both English law and the law of England and Wales, and are established under Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.", "A Lord Justice of Appeal is an ordinary judge of the Court of Appeal of England and Wales, the court that hears appeals from the High Court of Justice and the Crown Court, and represents the second highest level of judge in the courts of England and Wales. Despite the title, and unlike the former Lords of Appeal in Ordinary, they are not necessarily peers.", "The Crown Court of England and Wales is, together with the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeal, one of the constituent parts of the Senior Courts of England and Wales. It is the higher court of first instance in criminal cases; however, for some purposes the Crown Court is hierarchically subordinate to the High Court and its Divisional Courts.", "Sir ( Alfred ) John Balcombe ( 29 September 1925 -- 9 June 2000 ) was a Lord Justice of Appeal from 1985 -- 95 ." ]

[ "england", "united kingdom", "wales" ]

[ "Lone Wolf McQuade is a 1983 action film, starring Chuck Norris, David Carradine, Barbara Carrera, L.Q. Jones, R.G. Armstrong, Leon Isaac Kennedy and Robert Beltran, and is directed by Steve Carver. The film score was written by Francesco De Masi and borrows heavily from Ennio Morricone's score for \"Once Upon a Time in the West\". The screenplay features a quiver of characters: the \"lone wolf\" Ranger Jim McQuade (Norris), the bad guy (Carradine) with the widow of his partner (Carrera) who falls for the hero at first sight, the retired buddy (Jones), the captain trying to rein in the hero (Armstrong), the federal agent (Kennedy) and the new young partner (Beltran) the hero does not want.", "Walker, Texas Ranger is an American action television series created by Leslie Greif and Paul Haggis. It was inspired by the film \"Lone Wolf McQuade\", with both this series and that film starring Chuck Norris as a member of the Texas Ranger Division. The show aired on CBS in the spring of 1993, with the first season consisting of three pilot episodes. Eight full seasons followed with new episodes airing from September 25, 1993, to May 19, 2001, and reruns continuing on CBS until July 28, 2001. It has been broadcast in over 100 countries and has since spawned a 2005 made-for-television movie entitled \"\". The movie ended on a cliffhanger, which was never resolved. DVD sets of all seasons have been released (with the three pilots packaged with the first regular season). At various times since 1997, reruns of the show have aired, in syndication, on the USA Network and Action in Canada. Reruns can currently be seen on CBS Action, WGN America, INSP and Grit.", "Paul Edward Haggis (born March 10, 1953) is a Canadian director, screenwriter, and producer. He is best known as screenwriter and producer for consecutive Best Picture Oscar winners, 2004's \"Million Dollar Baby\" and 2005's \"Crash\", the latter of which he also directed.", "April Stevens Ewing is a fictional character that appeared in the popular American television series, \"Dallas\", played by Sheree J. Wilson from 1986 to 1991.", "Sheree Julienne Wilson ( born on December 12 , 1958 ) is an American actress , producer , businesswoman , and model . She is best known for her roles as April Stevens Ewing on the American prime - time television series Dallas ( 1986 - 1991 ) and as Alex Cahill - Walker on the television series Walker , Texas Ranger ( 1993 - 2001 ) .", "CBS Action is a television channel in the United Kingdom and Poland that launched on 16 November 2009.", "WGN America is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by Tribune Broadcasting. The channel (short for World's Greatest Newspaper) is one of several flagship properties owned by Chicago, Illinois-based corporate parent Tribune Media, which also owns the channel's former parent television station during its existence as a superstation, WGN-TV (channel 9), regional cable news channel Chicagoland Television (CLTV) and radio station WGN (720 AM).", "Dallas is a major city in the state of Texas and is the largest urban center of the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the United States. The city proper ranks ninth in the U.S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio. The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines. The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties. According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816. The United States Census Bureau's estimate for the city's population increased to 1,300,092 as of July 1, 2015.", "Carlos Ray \"Chuck\" Norris (born March 10, 1940) is an American martial artist, actor, film producer and screenwriter. After serving in the United States Air Force, he began his rise to fame as a martial artist, and has since founded his own school, Chun Kuk Do.", "CBS (an initialism of the network's former name, the Columbia Broadcasting System) is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation. The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major production facilities and operations in New York City (at the CBS Broadcast Center) and Los Angeles (at CBS Television City and the CBS Studio Center).", "The Texas Ranger Division, commonly called the Texas Rangers, is a law enforcement agency with statewide jurisdiction in Texas, based in the capital city of Austin. Over the years, the Texas Rangers have investigated crimes ranging from murder to political corruption, acted in riot control and as detectives, protected the Governor of Texas, tracked down fugitives, and functioned as a paramilitary force at the service of both the Republic (183645) and the state of Texas.", "USA Network (commonly referred to as simply USA) is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by the NBCUniversal Cable division of NBCUniversal, itself a subsidiary of Comcast. Once a minor player in basic cable, the network has steadily gained popularity due to its original programming; USA also broadcasts syndicated reruns of current and former \"network television\" (i.e., broadcast) series and theatrically-released feature films, as well as limited sports programming." ]

[ "actor", "actress", "agent", "artist", "canada", "commercial", "director", "hero", "law enforcement", "major", "member", "model", "producer", "programming", "r", "radio", "screenwriter", "television", "united kingdom" ]

[ "Warsaw (; see also other names) is the capital and largest city of Poland. It stands on the Vistula River in east-central Poland, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population is estimated at 1.750 million residents within a greater metropolitan area of 3.105 million residents, which makes Warsaw the 9th most-populous capital city in the European Union. The city limits cover , while the metropolitan area covers .", "Biaa Podlaska, is a city in eastern Poland with 58,047 inhabitants (2005). It is situated in the Lublin Voivodeship (since 1999), having previously been the capital of Biaa Podlaska Voivodeship (19751998). It is the capital of Biaa Podlaska County, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The city lies on the Krzna river.", "Chem (, meaning \"a hill\") is a city in eastern Poland with 67,702 inhabitants (2007). It is located to the south-east of Lublin, north of Zamo and south of Biaa Podlaska, some from the border with Ukraine. Chem used to be the capital of the Chem Voivodeship until it became part of the Lublin Voivodeship in 1999.", "Iqaluit is the capital of the Canadian territory of Nunavut; its largest community, and its only city. Until 1987, the city was known as Frobisher Bay, after the large bay on the coast of which the city is situated. In 1999, Iqaluit became the capital of Nunavut after the division of the Northwest Territories into two separate territories. Before this event, Iqaluit was (relatively speaking) an insignificant city and not well-known outside of the Canadian Arctic or Canada, with population and economic growth highly limited. This is due to the city's isolation and heavy dependence on expensively imported supplies as the city, like the rest of Nunavut, has no road, rail, or even ship connections for part of the year to the rest of Canada. The city also possesses a polar climate, influenced by the cold deep waters of the Labrador Current just off Baffin Island; this makes the city of Iqaluit cold, even though the city is well south of the Arctic Circle.", "The Republic of Iceland, \"Lýðveldið Ísland\" in Icelandic, is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean. It has a population of and an area of , making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe. The capital and largest city is Reykjavík. Reykjavík and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population. Iceland is volcanically and geologically active. The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields, mountains and glaciers, while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands. Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle. Its high latitude and marine influence still keeps summers chilly, with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate.", "Red Ruthenia, Red Rus or Red Russia (or \"\" ) is a historic term used since the Middle Ages for southeastern Poland and Western Ukraine.", "Frampol is a town in Poland, in Bigoraj County, Lublin Voivodeship. It has 1,440 inhabitants (2004), and lies in eastern Lesser Poland, near the Roztocze Upland. Frampol is surrounded by the \"Szczebrzeszyn Landscape Park\" and the Janów Lubelski Forest. The town is a junction of two local roads (the 74th and the 835th). The distance to Lublin is 68 kilometers.", "A powiat (pronounced ; Polish plural: \"powiaty\") is the second-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, equivalent to a county, district or prefecture (LAU-1, formerly NUTS-4) in other countries. The term \"\"powiat\"\" is most often translated into English as \"county\".", "Tereszpol is a village in Bigoraj County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Tereszpol. It lies approximately east of Bigoraj and south of the regional capital Lublin.", "Nuuk is the capital and largest city of Greenland. It is the seat of government and the country's largest cultural and economic centre. The major cities closest to the capital are Iqaluit and St. John's in Canada and Reykjavík in Iceland. Nuuk contains almost a quarter of Greenland's population, and also has the tallest building in Greenland. Nuuk is the seat of government for the Sermersooq municipality. In January 2016, it had a population of 17,316, making it one of the smallest capital cities in the world by population.", "Bigoraj County is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lublin Voivodeship, eastern Poland. It was established on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Bigoraj, which lies south of the regional capital Lublin. The county contains three other towns: Tarnogród, lying south of Bigoraj, Józefów, lying east of Bigoraj, and Frampol, north of Bigoraj.", "Gmina Tereszpol is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bigoraj County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Tereszpol, which lies approximately east of Bigoraj and south of the regional capital Lublin.", "Tarnogród is a town in Bigoraj County, Lublin Voivodeship, Poland. It has a population of 3,399 (2006).", "Zamo Voivodeship was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in years 19751998, superseded by Lublin Voivodeship.", "Bigoraj (\"Bilgoray\") is a town in south-eastern Poland with about 27,100 inhabitants (2014). Since 1999 it has been situated in Lublin Voivodeship; it was previously in Zamo Voivodeship (19751998). It is located south of Lublin and it is also the capital of Bigoraj County. Historically, the town belongs to Lesser Poland, and is located in southeastern corner of the province, near the border with another historic land, Red Ruthenia. Bigoraj is surrounded by forest, with three rivers flowing through it.", "Lublin (, \"Lublin\", ) is the ninth largest city in Poland and the second largest city of Lesser Poland. It is the capital and the center of Lublin Voivodeship (\"province\") with a population of 349,103 (March 2011). Lublin is the largest Polish city east of the Vistula River, and is located approximately to the southeast of Warsaw.", "Siedlce Voivodeship was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in years 19751998, superseded by Masovian Voivodeship and Lublin Voivodeship. Its capital city was Siedlce.", "The gmina (Polish pronunciation , plural \"gminy\" ) is the principal unit of the administrative division of Poland, similar to a commune or municipality. As of 2010 there were 2,478 gminy throughout the country. The word \"gmina\" derives from the German word \"Gemeinde\", meaning \"community.\"", "Sermersooq (\"Place of Much Ice\") is a new municipality in Greenland, operational from 1 January 2009. It is home to Nuuk (formerly called Godthåb), the capital of Greenland, and is the most populous municipality in the country, with 21,868 inhabitants as of January 2013. The municipality consists of former municipalities of eastern and southwestern Greenland, each named after the largest settlement at the time of formation:", "Tereszpol - Zygmunty ( trpl zmunt ) is a village in the administrative district of Nuuk , within Bigoraj County , Lublin Voivodeship , in eastern Poland . It lies approximately 3 kilometres ( 2 mi ) south - east of Tereszpol , 13 km ( 8 mi ) east of Bigoraj , and 80 km ( 50 mi ) south of the regional capital Lublin . The village has a population of 766 .", "Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe, situated between the Baltic Sea in the north and two mountain ranges (the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains) in the south. Bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine and Belarus to the east; and the Baltic Sea, Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) and Lithuania to the north. The total area of Poland is , making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. With a population of over 38.5 million people, Poland is the 34th most populous country in the world, the 8th most populous country in Europe and the sixth most populous member of the European Union. Poland is a unitary state divided into 16 administrative subdivisions, and its capital and largest city is Warsaw. Other metropolises include Kraków, Wrocaw, Pozna, Gdask and Szczecin.", "A province is almost always an administrative division, within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman \"provincia\", which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outside Italy. The term province has since been adopted by many countries, and in those with no actual provinces, it has come to mean \"outside the capital city\". While some provinces were produced artificially by colonial powers, others were formed around local groups with their own ethnic identities. Many have their own powers independent of federal authority, especially in Canada. In other countries, like China, provinces are the creation of central government, with very little autonomy.", "Zamo (Yiddish: Zamoshtsh) is a city in southeastern Poland, situated in the southern part of Lublin Voivodeship (since 1999), about from Lublin, from Warsaw and from the border with Ukraine. In 2014, the population was 65,149.", "Greenland is an autonomous constituent country within the Danish Realm between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Though physiographically a part of the continent of North America, Greenland has been politically and culturally associated with Europe (specifically Norway and Denmark, the colonial powers, as well as the nearby island of Iceland) for more than a millennium. The majority of its residents are Inuit, whose ancestors migrated began migrating from the Canadian mainland in the 13th century, gradually settling across the island.", "Canada (French: ) is a country in the northern half of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area and the fourth-largest country by land area. Canada's border with the United States is the world's longest land border. The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains. About four-fifths of the country's population of 36 million people is urbanized and live near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, its largest city is Toronto; other major urban areas include Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg and Hamilton.", "Reykjavík is the capital and largest city of Iceland. It has a latitude of 64°08' N, making it the world's northernmost capital of a sovereign state, and is a popular tourist destination. It is located in southwestern Iceland, on the southern shore of Faxa Bay. With a population of around 130,000 (and over 200,000 in the Capital Region), it is the heart of Iceland's cultural, economic and governmental activity.", "Lublin Voivodeship, or Lublin Province (in Polish, \"województwo lubelskie\" ), is a voivodeship, or province, located in southeastern Poland. It was created on January 1, 1999, out of the former Lublin, Chem, Zamo, Biaa Podlaska and (partially) Tarnobrzeg and Siedlce Voivodeships, pursuant to Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998. The province is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin, and its territory is made of four historical lands: the western part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland, the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Red Ruthenia, and the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie.", "Lesser Poland (Polish: \"Maopolska\", Latin: \"Polonia Minor\") is a historical region (\"dzielnica\") of Poland; its capital is the city of Kraków." ]

[ "atlantic ocean", "belarus", "biłgoraj county", "calgary", "canada", "capital region", "china", "czech republic", "denmark", "district", "east", "germany", "gmina tereszpol", "greenland", "hamilton", "hill", "italy", "kaliningrad oblast", "kraków", "lublin", "montreal", "most", "mountain", "north america", "northwest", "nunavut", "of", "poland", "poznań", "quebec", "roman empire", "russia", "siedlce", "south", "southwest", "three rivers", "time", "toronto", "union", "upland", "vancouver", "warsaw", "winnipeg", "wrocław", "zamość" ]

[ "Usage is the manner in which written and spoken language is used, the \"points of grammar, syntax, style, and the choice of words\". and \"the way in which a word or phrase is normally and correctly used\". Usage can mean the way people actually use language or prescriptively the way one group feels that people ought to use it.", "Written Vernacular Chinese refers to forms of written Chinese based on the varieties of Chinese spoken throughout China, in contrast to Classical Chinese, the written standard used during imperial China up to the early twentieth century. A written vernacular based on Mandarin Chinese was used in novels in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and later refined by intellectuals associated with the May Fourth Movement. Since the early 1920s, this modern vernacular form has been the standard style of writing for speakers of all varieties of Chinese throughout mainland China, Taiwan, Malaysia and Singapore as the written form of Modern Standard Chinese. This is commonly called Standard Written Chinese or Modern Written Chinese to avoid ambiguity with spoken vernaculars, with the written vernaculars of earlier eras, and with modern unofficial written vernaculars such as written Cantonese or written Hokkien.", "Written Chinese comprises Chinese characters (/; pinyin: \"\", literally \"Han characters\") used to represent the Chinese language. Chinese characters do not constitute an alphabet or a compact syllabary. Rather, the writing system is roughly logosyllabic; that is, a character generally represents one syllable of spoken Chinese and may be a word on its own or a part of a polysyllabic word. The characters themselves are often composed of parts that may represent physical objects, abstract notions, or pronunciation. Literacy requires the memorization of a great many characters: educated Chinese know about 4,000. The large number of Chinese characters has in part led to the adoption of Western alphabets as an auxiliary means of representing Chinese.", "Yue or Yueh (or ) is a primary branch of Chinese spoken in South China, particularly the provinces of Guangdong and Guangxi.", "The Hong Kong Supplementary Character Set ( Chinese : ; commonly abbreviated to HKSCS ) is a set of Chinese characters -- 4,702 in total in the initial release -- used in Cantonese , as well as when writing the names of some places in Hong Kong ( whether in written Cantonese or standard written Chinese sentences ) . It evolved from the preceding Government Chinese Character Set ( ) or GCCS . GCCS is a set of supplementary Chinese characters coded in the user - defined areas of the Big5 character set . It was originally used within the Hong Kong Government and later used by the public . It later evolved into Hong Kong Supplementary Character Set when the characters in the set were submitted to ISO - 10646 for coding .", "A vernacular or vernacular language is the native language or native dialect (usually colloquial or informal) of a specific population, especially as distinguished from a literary, national or standard variety of the language, or a lingua franca (vehicular language) used in the region or state inhabited by that population. Some linguists use \"vernacular\" and \"nonstandard dialect\" as synonyms.", "In linguistics, grammar is the set of structural rules governing the composition of clauses, phrases, and words in any given natural language. The term refers also to the study of such rules, and this field includes morphology, syntax, and phonology, often complemented by phonetics, semantics, and pragmatics.", "Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a state in East Asia. Neighbors include China (officially the People's Republic of China, abbreviated as PRC) to the west, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south.\nTaiwan is the most populous state that is not a member of the United Nations, and the one with the largest economy.", "Written Cantonese is the written form of Cantonese, the most complete written form of Chinese after that for Mandarin Chinese. Written Chinese was originally developed for Classical Chinese, and was the main literary language of China until the 19th century. Written vernacular Chinese first appeared in the 17th century and a written form of Mandarin became standard throughout China in the early 20th century. While texts written in this system can in principle be read word for word in other Chinese varieties, this sounds unnatural because of differences in idiom, grammar, and usage. Modern Cantonese speakers have therefore developed their own written script, sometimes creating new characters for words that either do not exist or have been lost in standard Chinese.", "Macau (literally: \"Bay Gate\"), (in Portuguese, which is still widely used in the city) also spelled Macao (in English), officially the Região Administrativa Especial de Macau da República Popular da China, is an autonomous territory on the western side of the Pearl River Delta in East Asia. Macau is bordered by the city of Zhuhai in China to the North and the Pearl River Estuary to the East and South. Hong Kong lies about to its East across the Delta. With a population of 650,900 living in an area of , it is the most densely populated region in the world.", "Guangzhou , traditionally romanised as Canton, is the capital and largest city of the Province of Guangdong in southeastern China. Located on the Pearl River about north-northwest of Hong Kong and north of Macau, Guangzhou was a major terminus of the maritime Silk Road and continues to serve as a major port and transportation hub.", "Hong Kong, officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, is an autonomous territory on the Pearl River Delta of East Asia. Macau lies across the delta to the west, and the Chinese province of Guangdong borders the territory to the north. With a total land area of and a population of over 7.3 million of various nationalities, it ranks as the world's fourth most densely populated sovereign state or territory.", "Cantonese, or Standard Cantonese, is a variant of Yue Chinese spoken in the vicinity of Guangzhou (known historically as Canton) in southeastern China. It is the traditional prestige dialect of Yue.", "Classical Chinese, also known as Literary Chinese, is the language of the classic literature from the end of the Spring and Autumn period through to the end of the Han Dynasty, a written form of Old Chinese. Classical Chinese is a traditional style of written Chinese that evolved from the classical language, making it different from any modern spoken form of Chinese. Literary Chinese was used for almost all formal writing in China until the early 20th century, and also, during various periods, in Japan, Korea and Vietnam. Among Chinese speakers, Literary Chinese has been largely replaced by written vernacular Chinese, a style of writing that is similar to modern spoken Mandarin Chinese, while speakers of non-Chinese languages have largely abandoned Literary Chinese in favor of local vernaculars.", "An idiom (\"special property\", from , \"special feature, special phrasing, a peculiarity\", f. , \"ones own\") is a phrase or a fixed expression that has a figurative, or sometimes literal, meaning. Categorized as formulaic language, an idiom's figurative meaning is different from the literal meaning. There are thousands of idioms, occurring frequently in all languages. It is estimated that there are at least twenty-five thousand idiomatic expressions in the English language.", "A literary language is a register or dialect of a language that is used in literary writing. This may also include liturgical writing. The difference between literary and non-literary forms is more marked in some languages than in others. Where there is a strong divergence, the language is said to exhibit diglossia.", "China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia. With a population of over 1.381 billion, it is the world's most populous country. The state is governed by the Communist Party of China, and its capital is Beijing. It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau), and claims sovereignty over Taiwan. The country's major urban areas include Shanghai, Guangzhou, Beijing, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Tianjin and Hong Kong. China is a great power and a major regional power within Asia, and has been characterized as a potential superpower.", "Big-5 or Big5 is a Chinese character encoding method used in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau for Traditional Chinese characters.", "Mandarin is a group of related varieties of Chinese spoken across most of northern and southwestern China. The group includes the Beijing dialect, the basis of Standard Mandarin or Standard Chinese. Because most Mandarin dialects are found in the north, the group is sometimes referred to as the Northern dialects. Many local Mandarin varieties are not mutually intelligible. Nevertheless, Mandarin is often placed first in any list of languages by number of native speakers (with nearly a billion).", "In computing, Chinese character encodings can be used to represent text written in the CJK languages Chinese, Japanese, Korean and (rarely) obsolete Vietnamese, all of which use Chinese characters. Several general-purpose character encodings accommodate Chinese characters, and some of them were developed specifically for Chinese." ]

[ "administrative region", "alphabet", "area", "bay", "branch", "capital", "century", "character", "character encoding", "chinese", "city", "communist party", "composition", "dialect", "dynasty", "estuary", "five", "gate", "grammar", "great power", "group", "idiom", "jurisdiction", "language", "list", "malaysia", "may", "member", "method", "morphology", "natural language", "people", "period", "phonetics", "population", "property", "region", "republic", "river", "script", "set", "sovereign state", "spring", "standard", "style", "syllabary", "term", "territory", "text", "the city", "word", "writing" ]

[ "\"Longer\" is a song written and recorded by the American singer-songwriter Dan Fogelberg and released in 1979 by Full Moon Records and Epic Records. The song can be found on Fogelberg's 1979 album \"Phoenix\". It was also included on his 1982 greatest hits album as well as various other retrospective and compilation recordings.", "\"Leader of the Band\" is a song written by Dan Fogelberg from his 1981 album \"The Innocent Age\". The song was written as a tribute to his father, Lawrence Fogelberg, a musician and the leader of a band, who was still alive at the time the song was released. Lawrence died in August 1982.", "Daniel Grayling \"Dan\" Fogelberg (August 13, 1951 December 16, 2007) was an American musician, songwriter, composer, and multi-instrumentalist whose music was inspired by sources as diverse as folk, pop, rock, classical, jazz, and bluegrass. He is best known for his early 1980s hits, including \"Longer\" (1980), \"Leader of the Band\" (1981), and \"Same Old Lang Syne\" (1981).", "Compact disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format released in 1982 and co-developed by Philips and Sony. The format was originally developed to store and play only sound recordings but was later adapted for storage of data (CD-ROM). Several other formats were further derived from these, including write-once audio and data storage (CD-R), rewritable media (CD-RW), Video Compact Disc (VCD), Super Video Compact Disc (SVCD), Photo CD, PictureCD, CD-i, and Enhanced Music CD. Audio CD players have been commercially available since October 1982, when the first commercially available CD player was released in Japan.", "The LP (from \"long playing\" or \"long play\") is an analog sound storage medium, a vinyl record format characterized by a speed of rpm, a 12 or 10 inch (30 or 25 cm) diameter, and use of the \"microgroove\" groove specification. Introduced by Columbia in 1948, it was soon adopted as a new standard by the entire record industry. Apart from a few relatively minor refinements and the important later addition of stereophonic sound, it has remained the standard format for vinyl albums.", "Albums of recorded music were developed in the early 20th century, first as books of individual 78rpm records, then from 1948 as vinyl LP records played at  rpm. Vinyl LPs are still issued, though in the 21st century album sales have mostly focused on compact disc (CD) and MP3 formats. The audio cassette was a format used from the late 1970s through to the 1990s alongside vinyl.", "River of Souls is the thirteenth album by American singer / songwriter Dan Fogelberg , released in 1993 ( see 1993 in music ) .", "\"Same Old Lang Syne\" is a song written and sung by Dan Fogelberg released as a single in 1980. It was also included on his 1981 album \"The Innocent Age\". The song is an autobiographical narrative ballad told in the first person and tells the story of two long-ago romantic interests meeting by chance in a grocery store on Christmas Eve. The song peaked at #9 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 Chart and is now frequently played during the holiday season and alongside traditional Christmas songs.", "A book is a set of written, printed, illustrated, or blank sheets, made of paper, parchment, or other materials, fastened together to hinge at one side, with text and/or images printed in ink. A single sheet within a book is a leaf, and each side of a leaf is a page. A set of text-filled or illustrated pages produced in electronic format is known as an electronic book, or e-book. ", "MPEG-1 and/or MPEG-2 Audio Layer III, more commonly referred to as MP3, is an audio coding format for digital audio which uses a form of lossy data compression. It is a common audio format for consumer audio streaming or storage, as well as a de facto standard of digital audio compression for the transfer and playback of music on most digital audio players and computing devices." ]

[ "1982", "album", "christmas", "digital", "full moon records", "japan", "leaf", "moon records", "pop", "record" ]

[ "Poetry (the term derives from a variant of the Greek term, \"poiesis\", \"making\") is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of languagesuch as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metreto evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, the prosaic ostensible meaning.", "Dead Poets Society is a 1989 American drama film written by Tom Schulman, directed by Peter Weir and starring Robin Williams. Set in 1959 at the fictional elite conservative Vermont boarding school Welton Academy, it tells the story of an English teacher who inspires his students through his teaching of poetry.", "Los Angeles (Spanish for \"The Angels\"), officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L.A., is the second-most populous city in the United States (after New York City), the most populous city in California and the county seat of Los Angeles County. Situated in Southern California, Los Angeles is known for its mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, sprawling metropolis, and as a major center of the American entertainment industry. Los Angeles lies in a large coastal basin surrounded on three sides by mountains reaching up to and over .", "A chorus (\"khoros\"), in the context of Ancient Greek tragedy, comedy, and satyr plays, is a homogeneous, non-individualised group of performers, who comment with a collective voice on the dramatic action. The chorus consisted of between 12 and 50 players, who variously danced, sang or spoke their lines in unison and sometimes wore masks.", "Charles Anthony `` Tony '' Thomas ( born December 7 , 1948 ) is an American television and film producer , who has produced the TV series The Practice ( 1976 -- 1977 ) , Nurses , Herman 's Head , Soap , Blossom , Empty Nest , Benson , Beauty and the Beast , The Golden Girls , and It 's a Living , as well as Dead Poets Society . Thomas got his start in Hollywood film / TV production work at Screen Gems , where he worked as an associate producer on the acclaimed television movie Brian 's Song . By 1974 , he would team with producer Paul Junger Witt and wife Susan Harris to form a TV production company , Witt / Thomas Productions ( alternately Witt / Thomas / Harris Productions ) , which would crank out numerous successful television series from the 1970s into the 1990s . Thomas is the son of Danny Thomas , and the younger brother of actresses Terre Thomas and Marlo Thomas . He married Ann Souder on Christmas Eve , 2005 , in Montecito , California . Thomas was born in Hollywood . Thomas serves as a member of the ALSAC / St. Jude Boards of Directors and Governors , directing the operation of the St. Jude Children 's Research Hospital that his father had founded .", "Herman's Head is an American sitcom that aired on the Fox network from September 8, 1991 until April 21, 1994. The series was created by Andy Guerdat and Steve Kreinberg, and produced by Witt/Thomas Productions in association with Touchstone Television. William Ragsdale stars as the title character, Herman Brooks. Herman's thought processes are dramatized in a \"Greek chorus\"style interpretation, with four characters representing a different aspect of his personality (played by Molly Hagan, Ken Hudson Campbell, Rick Lawless, and Peter MacKenzie).", "Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc. (known professionally as Columbia Pictures and Columbia, and formerly CBC Film Sales Corporation) is an American film studio, production company and film distributor that is a member of the Sony Pictures Motion Picture Group, a division of Sony Entertainment's Sony Pictures subsidiary of the Japanese conglomerate Sony. The studio was founded in 1918 as Cohn-Brandt-Cohn Film Sales by brothers Jack and Harry Cohn and Jack's best friend Joe Brandt, released its first feature film in August 1922. It adopted the Columbia Pictures name in 1924, and went public two years later. Its name is derived from \"Columbia\", a national personification of the United States, which is used as the studio's logo. In its early years, it was a minor player in Hollywood, but began to grow in the late 1920s, spurred by a successful association with director Frank Capra. With Capra and others, Columbia became one of the primary homes of the screwball comedy. In the 1930s, Columbia's major contract stars were Jean Arthur and Cary Grant. In the 1940s, Rita Hayworth became the studio's premier star and propelled their fortunes into the late 1950s. Rosalind Russell, Glenn Ford, and William Holden also became major stars at the studio.", "Hollywood (, informally Tinseltown ) is an ethnically diverse, densely populated, relatively low-income neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California. It is notable as the home of the U.S. film industry, including several of its historic studios, and its name has come to be a shorthand reference for the industry and the people in it.", "Brian's Song is a 1971 ABC Movie of the Week that recounts the details of the life of Brian Piccolo (played by James Caan), a Wake Forest University football player stricken with terminal cancer after turning pro, told through his friendship with Chicago Bears running back teammate and Pro Football Hall of Famer Gale Sayers (Billy Dee Williams). Piccolo's and Sayers's sharply differing temperaments and racial backgrounds made them unlikely to become as close friends as they did, including becoming the first interracial roommates in the history of the National Football League, and the film chronicles the evolution of their friendship. The production was such a success on ABC that it was later shown in theaters by Columbia Pictures with a major premiere in Chicago; however, it was soon withdrawn due to a lack of business. Critics have called the movie one of the finest telefilms ever made. A 2005 readers poll taken by \"Entertainment Weekly\" ranked 'Brian's Song' seventh in its list of the top \"guy-cry\" films ever made." ]

[ "ancient greek", "english", "greek", "japanese", "spanish" ]

[ "A pianist is an individual musician who plays the piano. Most forms of Western music can make use of the piano. Consequently, pianists have a wide variety of repertoire and styles to choose from, including traditionally classical music, Jazz, blues and all sorts of popular music, including rock music. Most pianists can, to a certain extent, play other keyboard-related instruments such as the synthesizer, harpsichord, celesta and the organ and keyboard. Perhaps the greatest pianist of all time was Franz Liszt, whose piano mastery was described by Anton Rubinstein: \"In comparison with Liszt, all other pianists are children\". ", "Lev Natochenny ( Russian : ) ( born January 26 , 1950 ) is a Russian - American classical pianist and professor of piano . Born in Moscow , Natochenny graduated from the Moscow `` Tchaikovsky '' Conservatoire , where he was taught by Lev Oborin . He also studied with Boris Zemliansky and Eliso Virsaladze as well as with Alexei Lubimov ( chamber music ) and worked in the violin class with David Oistrakh . In 1978 , because of his discontent with the Soviet government 's control of the music scene , Natochenny applied for and was granted the permission to leave the USSR , which he did in 1978 . He went on to receive a Gold Medal and Second Prize at the 1981 Busoni International Piano Competition in Bolzano , Italy while he was stateless . In the West Natochenny had further study with Ania Dorfmann at the Juilliard School . He held teaching positions at the Manhattan School of Music , the Mannes College of Music ( The New School ) and the City University of New York . He now holds a Lifetime Distinguished Professor Chair at the Frankfurt University of Music and Performing Arts in Frankfurt am Main , Germany . From 1988 to 2004 Natochenny was the founder and artistic director of Meranofest International Music Festival in Meran , Italy which built a reputation as `` the summer meeting point for young pianists '' . Among his students are ECHO Music Award winners Martin Stadtfeld , Dirk Mommertz / Fauré Quartet , as well as winners of major international competitions Nami Ejiri , Soyeon Lee , Christopher Park , Evgenia Rubinova , Eugene Choi . His discography includes a Juno - nominated album of Schubert 's Schwannengesang with Canadian baritone Kevin McMillan . Other noted recordings are selections from Brahms , Schubert , Shostakovich and Schnittke . Natochenny is an American citizen and lives in New York and in Frankfurt am Main .", "Anton Grigorevich Rubinstein was a Russian pianist, composer and conductor who became a pivotal figure in Russian culture when he founded the Saint Petersburg Conservatory. He was the elder brother of Nikolai Rubinstein who founded the Moscow Conservatory." ]

[ "moscow conservatory", "saint petersburg conservatory" ]

[ "Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (15 April 14522 May 1519), more commonly Leonardo da Vinci or simply Leonardo, was an Italian polymath whose areas of interest included invention, painting, sculpting, architecture, science, music, mathematics, engineering, literature, anatomy, geology, astronomy, botany, writing, history, and cartography. He has been variously called the father of palaeontology, ichnology, and architecture, and is widely considered one of the greatest painters of all time. Sometimes credited with the inventions of the parachute, helicopter and tank, he epitomised the Renaissance humanist ideal.", "The Renaissance was a period in European history, from the 14th to the 17th century, regarded as the cultural bridge between the Middle Ages and modern history. It started as a cultural movement in Italy in the Late Medieval period and later spread to the rest of Europe, marking the beginning of the Early Modern Age.", "Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (6 March 1475 18 February 1564) was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet of the High Renaissance who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art. Considered to be the greatest living artist during his lifetime, he has since been described as one of the greatest artists of all time. Despite making few forays beyond the arts, his versatility in the disciplines he took up was of such a high order that he is often considered a contender for the title of the archetypal Renaissance man, along with his rival and fellow Florentine Medici client, Leonardo da Vinci.", "Nicola Pisano (also called \"Niccolò Pisano\", \"Nicola de Apulia\" or \"Nicola Pisanus\"; c. 1220/1225 c. 1284) was an Italian sculptor whose work is noted for its classical Roman sculptural style. Pisano is sometimes considered to be the founder of modern sculpture.", "Niccolò dellArca (c. 1435-1440 2 March 1494) was an Italian Early Renaissance sculptor. He is also known under the names Niccolò da Ragusa, Niccolò da Bari and Niccolò d'Antonio d'Apulia. The surname dellArca refers to his contribution to the Arca di San Domenico.", "In art history, High Renaissance is the period denoting the apogee of the visual arts in the Italian Renaissance. The High Renaissance period is traditionally taken to begin in the 1490s, with Leonardo's fresco of the Last Supper in Milan and the death of Lorenzo de' Medici in Florence, and to have ended in 1527 with the sacking of Rome by the troops of Charles V. This term was first used in German (Hochrenaissance) in the early nineteenth century, and has its origins in the \"High Style\" of painting and sculpture described by Johann Joachim Winckelmann. Over the last twenty years, use of the term has been frequently criticized by academic art historians for oversimplifying artistic developments, ignoring historical context, and focusing only on a few iconic works.", "The Basilica of San Domenico is one of the major churches in Bologna, Italy. The remains of Saint Dominic, founder of the Order of Preachers (Dominicans), are buried inside the exquisite shrine Arca di San Domenico, made by Nicola Pisano and his workshop, Arnolfo di Cambio and with later additions by Niccolò dell'Arca and the young Michelangelo.", "The statue of St. Proclus ( 1494 -- 1495 ) was created by Michelangelo out of marble . Its height is 58.5 cm. It is situated in the Basilica of San Domenico , Bologna . Its subject is Saint Proculus ( Proculus ) , a martyr of Bologna ." ]

[ "art history", "early renaissance", "italian renaissance", "modern sculpture", "renaissance" ]

[ "Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a unitary parliamentary republic in Europe. Located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea, Italy shares open land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, San Marino and Vatican City. Italy covers an area of and has a largely temperate seasonal climate and Mediterranean climate; due to its shape, it is often referred to in Italy as \"lo Stivale\" (the Boot). With 61 million inhabitants, it is the fourth most populous EU member state.", "Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a federal republic in Europe. It consists of 26 cantons, and the city of Bern is the seat of the federal authorities. \nThe country is situated in Western-Central Europe, and is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland is a landlocked country geographically divided between the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura, spanning an area of . While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, the Swiss population of approximately eight million people is concentrated mostly on the plateau, where the largest cities are to be found: among them are the two global cities and economic centres Zürich and Geneva.", "Haute-Savoie (or ' or ') is a department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of eastern France, bordering both Switzerland and Italy. Its capital is Annecy. To the north is Lake Geneva and Switzerland; to the south and southeast are the Mont Blanc and Aravis mountain ranges. The French entrance to the Mont Blanc Tunnel to Italy is in Haute-Savoie. It is noted for winter sports; the first Winter Olympic Games were held at Chamonix in 1924.", "Lake Geneva (or ' , sometimes ' ) is a lake on the north side of the Alps, shared between Switzerland and France. It is one of the largest lakes in Western Europe and the largest on the course of the Rhône. 59.53% of it comes under the jurisdiction of Switzerland (cantons of Vaud, Geneva, and Valais), and 40.47% under France (department of Haute-Savoie).", "The Winter Olympic Games is a major international sporting event that occurs once every four years. Unlike the Summer Olympics, the Winter Olympics feature sports practised on snow and ice. The first Winter Olympics, the 1924 Winter Olympics, was held in Chamonix, France. The original five sports (broken into nine disciplines) were bobsleigh, curling, ice hockey, Nordic skiing (consisting of the disciplines military patrol, cross-country skiing, Nordic combined, and ski jumping), and skating (consisting of the disciplines figure skating and speed skating). The Games were held every four years from 1924 until 1936, after which they were interrupted by World War II. The Olympics resumed in 1948 and was again held every four years. Until 1992, the Winter and Summer Olympic Games were held in the same years, but in accordance with a 1986 decision by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to place the Summer and Winter Games on separate four-year cycles in alternating even-numbered years, the next Winter Olympics after 1992 was in 1994.", "France, officially the French Republic, is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The European, or metropolitan, area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. France spans and had a total population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017. It is a unitary semi-presidential republic with the capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Other major urban centres include Marseille, Lyon, Lille, Nice, Toulouse and Bordeaux.", "Annecy (Arpitan: ' or ') is the largest city of Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in southeastern France. It lies on the northern tip of Lake Annecy, south of Geneva.", "The Mont Blanc Tunnel is a highway tunnel in Europe, under the Mont Blanc mountain in the Alps. It links Chamonix, Haute-Savoie, France with Courmayeur, Aosta Valley, Italy, via European route E25. The passageway is one of the major trans-Alpine transport routes, particularly for Italy, which relies on the tunnel for transporting as much as one-third of its freight to northern Europe. It reduces the route from France to Turin by and to Milan by . Northeast of Mont Blanc's summit, the tunnel is about southwest of the tripoint with Switzerland, near Mont Dolent.", "Geneva (, , , ) is the second most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and is the most populous city of Romandy, the French-speaking part of Switzerland. Situated where the Rhône exits Lake Geneva, it is the capital of the Republic and Canton of Geneva.", "Savoie (Arpitan: \"Savouè\", Italian: \"Savoia\" , English: \"Savoy\" ) is a French department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of the French Alps.", "Les Contamines - Montjoie is a commune in the Haute - Savoie department in the Rhône - Alpes region in south - eastern France .", "Mont Blanc or Monte Bianco, both meaning \"White Mountain\", is the highest mountain in the Alps and the highest in Europe after the Caucasus peaks. \nIt rises above sea level and is ranked 11th in the world in topographic prominence." ]

[ "alpine", "aosta", "bern", "bordeaux", "centre", "courmayeur", "east", "english channel", "europe", "france", "geneva", "germany", "italy", "jura", "lakes", "lies", "lille", "major", "mediterranean sea", "mont", "mountain", "north", "paris", "rhône", "san marino", "savoie", "ski", "south", "southwest", "switzerland", "trans" ]

[ "EMI (officially EMI Group Limited, originally an initialism for Electric and Musical Industries and often known as EMI Records and EMI Music) was a British multinational conglomerate founded in March 1931 and was based in London. At the time of its break-up in 2012, it was the fourth-largest business group and family of record labels in the recording industry and was one of the big four record companies (now the big three). Its EMI Records Ltd. group of record labels included EMI Records, Parlophone, Virgin Records and Capitol Records. EMI also had a major publishing arm, EMI Music Publishingalso based in London with offices globally.", "Roy Kelton Orbison (April 23, 1936  December 6, 1988), nicknamed the Big O, was an American singer-songwriter and musician, known for his distinctive, impassioned voice, complex compositions and dark emotional ballads. The combination led many critics to describe his music as operatic, giving him the sobriquet \"the Caruso of Rock\". Between 1960 and 1964, 22 of his songs placed on the \"Billboard\" Top 40, including \"Only the Lonely\" (1960), \"Crying\" (1961), and \"Oh, Pretty Woman\" (1964).", "Alvin S. \"Al\" Bennett (September 21, 1926 March 1989), from Joiner, Arkansas, was a record company executive who worked at Dot Records, then Liberty Records. He was president of Liberty until 1968. At that time he founded Cream Records, which absorbed Hi Records in 1977. Bennett is also known for lending his name to the character of Alvin from \"The Chipmunks\".", "Alan Eugene Jackson (born October 17, 1958) is an American singer and songwriter. He is known for blending traditional honky tonk and mainstream country sounds and penning many of his own songs. Jackson has recorded 16 studio albums, three greatest hits albums, two Christmas albums, two gospel albums and several compilations.", "Thorn EMI was a major British company involved in consumer electronics, music, defence and retail. Created in October 1979 when Thorn Electrical Industries merged with EMI, it was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index but it demerged again in 1996.", "John Herndon \"Johnny\" Mercer (November 18, 1909 June 25, 1976) was an American lyricist, songwriter and singer. He was also the founder of Capitol Records.", "George Gard \"Buddy\" DeSylva (January 27, 1895 July 11, 1950) was an American songwriter, film producer and record executive. He wrote or co-wrote many popular songs and along with Johnny Mercer and Glenn Wallichs, he founded Capitol Records.", "ABC Records was an American record label founded in New York City in 1955. It originated as the main popular music label operated by the Am-Par Record Corporation. Am-Par also created the Impulse! jazz label in 1961. It acquired many labels before ABC was sold to MCA Records in 1979. ABC produced music in a variety of genres: pop, rock, jazz, country, rhythm and blues, soundtrack, gospel, and polka.", "MGM Records was a record label started by the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film studio in 1946 for the purpose of releasing soundtrack albums of their musical films. It soon transitioned to a pop music label which continued into the 1970s. The company also released soundtrack albums of the music for some of their non-musical films as well, and on rare occasions, cast albums of off-Broadway musicals such as \"The Fantasticks\" and the 1954 revival of \"The Threepenny Opera\". In one instance, it even released the highly successful soundtrack album of a film made by a rival studio, Columbia Pictures's \"Born Free\" (1966).", "EMI Records was a British record label founded by the music company of the same name in 1972 as its flagship label, and launched in January 1973 as the successor to its Columbia and Parlophone record labels. The label was later launched worldwide.", "Dot Records is an American record label founded by Randy Wood that was active between 1950 and 1979. The label was reactivated in 2014 through a joint venture between Big Machine Label Group and the Republic Records unit of Universal Music Group (which owns the original Dot Records catalogue). It is based in Nashville, Tennessee.", "Michael Gordon \"Mike\" Oldfield (born 15 May 1953) is an English musician and composer. His work blends progressive rock with world, folk, classical, electronic, ambient, and new-age music. His biggest commercial success is the 1973 album \"Tubular Bells\"which launched Virgin Records and became a hit in America after its opening was used as the theme for the film \"The Exorcist\". He also recorded the 1983 hit single \"Moonlight Shadow\" and a rendition of the Christmas piece \"In Dulci Jubilo\".", "Capitol Records, LLC (also referred to simply as Capitol and Hollywood and Vine) is an American record label part of the Capitol Music Group and a wholly owned division of Universal Music Group (UMG). The label was founded as the first West Coast-based record label in the United States in 1942 by three industry insiders named Johnny Mercer, Buddy DeSylva and Glenn Wallichs. In 1955, the label was acquired by the British music conglomerate EMI as its North American subsidiary. EMI was later acquired by Universal Music Group in 2012 and was merged with the company in 2013, making Capitol Records and the Capitol Music Group both a part of the Universal Music Group. Capitol Records' circular headquarter building located in Los Angeles is a recognized landmark of California.", "Culture Club are an English band that was formed in 1981. The band comprised Boy George (lead vocals), Roy Hay (guitar and keyboards), Mikey Craig (bass guitar) and Jon Moss (drums and percussion). They are considered one of the most representative and influential groups of the 1980s. Culture Club sold more than 50 million records worldwide, including 13 million records in the United States.", "Sir Richard Charles Nicholas Branson (born 18 July 1950) is an English business magnate, investor and philanthropist. He founded the Virgin Group, which controls more than 400 companies.", "DC Talk (stylized as dc Talk), is a Christian rap and rock trio. The group was formed in Lynchburg, Virginia in 1987 by Toby McKeehan, Michael Tait, and Kevin Max Smith. They released five major studio albums together: \"DC Talk\" (1989), \"Nu Thang\" (1990), \"Free at Last\" (1992), \"Jesus Freak\" (1995), and \"Supernatural\" (1998). In 2002, the \"Encyclopedia of Contemporary Christian Music\" called DC Talk \"the most popular overtly Christian act of all time.\"", "Capitol Records Nashville is a major United States - based record label located in Nashville Tennessee operating as part of the Universal Music Group Nashville . From 1991 to 1995 , Capitol Nashville was known as Liberty Records , before being changed back to Capitol in 1995 . While under the Liberty name , the label operated short - lived sister label Patriot Records from 1994 to 1995 . In 1999 , EMI launched Virgin Records Nashville but by 2001 , Capitol absorbed the short - lived label . In 2010 , the label launched sister label EMI Nashville . On March 23 , 2011 , Alan Jackson signed with Capitol 's EMI Nashville division in conjunction with his own ACR Records label . Capitol Nashville was also home to several successful comedy artists .", "Decca Records began as a British record label established in 1929 by Edward Lewis. Its U.S. label was established in late 1934 by Lewis along with American Decca's first president Jack Kapp and later American Decca president Milton Rackmil. In 1937, as a result of anticipating Nazi aggression leading to World War II, Lewis sold American Decca and the link between the U.K. and U.S. Decca labels was broken for several decades.", "Devo (originally ) is an American rock band that formed in 1973, consisting of members from Kent and Akron, Ohio. Their classic line-up consisted of two sets of brothers, the Mothersbaughs (Mark and Bob) and the Casales (Gerald and Bob), along with Alan Myers. The band had a No. 14 \"Billboard\" chart hit in 1980 with the single \"Whip It\" and has maintained a cult following throughout its existence.", "Leonard Albert \"Lenny\" Kravitz (born May 26, 1964) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, and actor. His \"retro\" style incorporates elements of rock, blues, soul, R&B, funk, jazz, reggae, hard rock, psychedelic, pop, folk, and ballads. In addition to singing lead and backing vocals, Kravitz often plays all of the instruments himself when recording.", "Kapp Records was an independent record label started in 1954 by David Kapp, brother of Jack Kapp (who had set up American Decca Records in 1934). David Kapp founded his own label after stints with Decca Records and RCA Victor Records. Kapp licensed its records to London Records for release in the UK.", "Nik Powell (born 4 November 1950) is a British businessman and one of the co-founders of the Virgin Group with Richard Branson. After operating a mail-order company, a small record shop, and a recording studio, the partners established Virgin Records in 1972. It became one of the UK's major recording labels until it was sold to EMI in 1992.", "The Smashing Pumpkins are an American alternative rock band from Chicago, Illinois, formed in 1988. Formed by frontman Billy Corgan (lead vocals, guitar) and James Iha (guitar), the band included D'arcy Wretzky (bass guitar) and Jimmy Chamberlin (drums) in its original incarnation. It has undergone many line-up changes over the course of its existence, with the current lineup being Corgan and rhythm guitarist Jeff Schroeder.", "Capitol Music Group (abbreviated as CMG) is an American front line umbrella label owned by the Universal Music Group (UMG). It oversees handling of record labels assigned to UMG's Capitol Records division and were inherited from its acquisition of EMI's catalog (save for Parlophone, which was sold to Warner Music Group (WMG) in 2013). It is one of five umbrella labels owned by UMG, with the other four being Interscope Geffen A&M, Island Records, Def Jam Recordings and Republic Records. Labels distributed under the CMG brand include Capitol Records, Virgin Records, Motown Records, Blue Note Records, Astralwerks, Harvest Records, Capitol Christian Music Group, Priority Records, Atom Factory Entertainment and Deep Well Records.", "Parlophone Limited (also known as Parlophone Records) is a German-British record label that was founded in Germany in 1896 by the Carl Lindström Company as Parlophon. The British branch of the company was formed in 1923 as The Parlophone Co. Ltd., which developed a reputation in the 1920s as a leading jazz record label. In 1926, the Columbia Graphophone Company acquired Parlophone's business, name and releases. Columbia Graphophone later merged with the Gramophone Company in 1931 to become Electric & Musical Industries Limited (EMI). George Martin joined EMI in 1950 as assistant label manager, taking over as manager in 1955. Martin produced and released a mix of product including comedy recordings of the Goons, the pianist Mrs Mills, and teen idol Adam Faith.", "The Human League are an English electronic new wave band formed in Sheffield in 1977. After signing to Virgin Records in 1979, the band released two albums and a string of singles before attaining widespread commercial success with their third album \"Dare\" in 1981. The album contained four hit singles, including \"Love Action\", \"Open Your Heart\", and the UK/US number one hit \"Don't You Want Me\". The band received the Brit Award for Best British Breakthrough Act in 1982. Further hits followed throughout the 1980s and into the 1990s, including \"Being Boiled\", \"Mirror Man\", \"Fascination\", \"The Lebanon\", \"Human\" (a US No. 1) and \"Tell Me When\".", "DreamWorks Records (often referred in copyright notices as SKG Music, LLC) was an American record label. Founded in 1996 by David Geffen, Steven Spielberg and Jeffrey Katzenberg as a subsidiary of DreamWorks SKG, the label operated until 2003 when it was sold to Universal Music Group. The label itself also featured a Nashville, Tennessee-based subsidiary, DreamWorks Nashville, which specialized in country music and was shut down in 2005. The company's logo was designed by Roy Lichtenstein and was his last commission before his death in 1997.", "Virgin Records is a major record label first founded by English entrepreneur Richard Branson, Simon Draper, Nik Powell and musician Tom Newman in 1972. The company grew to be a worldwide phenomenon over time with the success of its platinum performers such as Janet Jackson, Roy Orbison, Devo, Genesis, Keith Richards, the Human League, Culture Club, Simple Minds, Lenny Kravitz, dc Talk, the Smashing Pumpkins, Mike Oldfield, Spice Girls and more on their list of artists. It was later sold to Thorn EMI in 1992.", "The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, it includes the island of Great Britain (the name of which is also loosely applied to the whole country), the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to its east, the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. With an area of , the UK is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants. Together, this makes it the fourth most densely populated country in the European Union.", "Universal Music Group Nashville is Universal Music Group's country music subsidiary. Some of the labels in this group include MCA Nashville Records, Mercury Nashville Records, Lost Highway Records, Capitol Records Nashville and EMI Records Nashville. UMG Nashville not only handles these imprints, but also manages the country music catalogues of record labels Universal Music and predecessor companies acquired over the years including ABC Records, Decca Records, Dot Records, DreamWorks Records, Kapp Records, MGM Records and Polydor Records", "Country music is a genre of United States popular music that originated in the southern United States in the 1920s. It takes its roots from the southeastern genre of United States, such as folk music (especially Appalachian folk music), and blues music. Blues modes have been used extensively throughout its recorded history. Country music often consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms and harmonies accompanied by mostly string instruments such as banjos, electric and acoustic guitars, dobros and fiddles as well as harmonicas. According to Lindsey Starnes, the term \"country music\" gained popularity in the 1940s in preference to the earlier term \"hillbilly music\"; it came to encompass Western music, which evolved parallel to hillbilly music from similar roots, in the mid-20th century. The term \"country music\" is used today to describe many styles and subgenres. The origins of country music are the folk music of working-class Americans, who blended popular songs, Irish and Celtic fiddle tunes, traditional English ballads, and cowboy songs, and various musical traditions from European immigrant communities. In 2009 country music was the most listened to rush hour radio genre during the evening commute, and second most popular in the morning commute in the United States.", "Liberty Records was a United States-based record label. It was started by chairman Simon Waronker in 1955 with Al Bennett as president and Theodore Keep as chief engineer. It was reactivated in 2001 in the United Kingdom and had two previous revivals.", "Simon \"Si\" Waronker (1915 June 7, 2005) was a violinist and record producer from Los Angeles, California. Graduating from high school at 13 years old, he won a scholarship to study music in France.", "Polydor is a British record label and company, that operates as part of Universal Music Group. It has a close relationship with Universal's Interscope Geffen A&M label, which distributes Polydor's releases in the United States. In turn, Polydor distributes Interscope releases in the United Kingdom. Polydor Records Ltd. was established in 1954 British subsidiary in London by German Deutsche Grammophon GmbH. It was renamed in 1972 to Polydor Ltd.", "Simple Minds are a Scottish rock band. They formed in Glasgow in 1977 and became the most commercially successful Scottish band of the 1980s. They achieved five UK number one albums during their career and have sold 30 million records worldwide to date. Despite various personnel changes, they continue to record and tour.", "Janet Damita Jo Jackson (born May 16, 1966) is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actress. Known for a series of sonically innovative, socially conscious and sexually provocative records, as well as elaborate stage shows, television and film roles, she has been a prominent figure in popular culture for over 30 years. ", "The Spice Girls are an English pop girl group formed in 1994. The group originally consisted of Melanie Brown (\"Scary Spice\"), Melanie Chisholm (\"Sporty Spice\"), Emma Bunton (\"Baby Spice\"), Geri Halliwell (\"Ginger Spice\"), and Victoria Beckham, née Adams (\"Posh Spice\"). They were signed to Virgin Records and released their debut single \"Wannabe\" in 1996, which hit number one in 37 countries and established them as a global phenomenon. Their debut album \"Spice\" sold more than 31 million copies worldwide, becoming the best-selling album by a female group in history. Their follow-up album \"Spiceworld\" sold over 20 million copies worldwide. The Spice Girls have sold over 80 million records worldwide, making them the best-selling female group of all time, one of the best-selling pop groups of all time, and the biggest British pop phenomenon since Beatlemania. Among the highest profile acts in 1990s British popular culture, \"Time\" called them \"arguably the most recognisable face\" of Cool Britannia, the mid-1990s celebration of youth culture in the UK.", "Keith Richards (born 18 December 1943) is an English guitarist, singer, songwriter, best-selling memoirist and founding member of the rock band The Rolling Stones. \"Rolling Stone Magazine\" credited Richards for \"rock's greatest single body of riffs\" on guitar and ranked him 4th on its list of 100 best guitarists. Fourteen songs that Richards wrote with the Rolling Stones' lead vocalist Mick Jagger are listed among \"Rolling Stone\" magazine's \"500 Greatest Songs of All Time\". The Stones are generally known for their guitar interplay of rhythm and lead (\"weaving\") between Richards and Brian Jones, Mick Taylor and Ronnie Wood over the years. In spite of this, Richards plays the only guitar tracks on some of their most famous songs including \"Paint It Black\", \"Ruby Tuesday\", \"Sympathy for the Devil\", \"Gimme Shelter\", and \"Angie.\"" ]

[ "1", "11", "14", "15", "16", "17", "18", "1895", "1896", "1909", "1915", "1923", "1926", "1929", "1931", "1936", "1937", "1942", "1943", "1946", "1950", "1953", "1954", "1955", "1958", "1960", "1961", "1964", "1966", "1968", "1972", "1973", "1977", "1979", "1981", "1982", "1983", "1987", "1988", "1989", "1991", "1992", "1994", "1995", "1996", "20", "2009", "2011", "2012", "2013", "27", "30", "4", "400", "50", "january 1973", "october 1979" ]

[ "Barry Hankerson (born September 24, 1947, in Detroit, Michigan) is an American record producer and manager who founded and ran Blackground Records.", "Ginuwine...the Bachelor is the debut studio album from American R&B artist Ginuwine, released October 8, 1996 on 550 Music and distributed through Epic Records. It featured the singles \"Pony\", \"When Doves Cry\" and \"Holler\". It is the second major Swing Mob album (third overall).", "A Grammy Award (originally called Gramophone Award), or Grammy, is an honor awarded by The Recording Academy to recognize outstanding achievement in the mainly English-language music industry. The annual presentation ceremony features performances by prominent artists, and the presentation of those awards that have a more popular interest. It shares recognition of the music industry as that of the other performance awards such as the Emmy Awards (television), the Tony Awards (stage performance), and the Academy Awards (motion pictures).", "I Care 4 U is a posthumous compilation album by American R&B recording artist Aaliyah. Following the release of Aaliyah's self-titled third album in July 2001, she died in a plane crash after shooting the music video for the song \"Rock the Boat\" in the Bahamas on August 25. Blackground Records and Universal Music decided to release a posthumous record that included songs from her studio albums and previously unreleased tracks and demos, recorded between 1993 and 2001. It also included her hit singles and a number of recordings discarded from sessions for her third album.", "Nelly Kim Furtado ComIH (born December 2, 1978) is a Canadian singer and songwriter. Furtado first gained fame with her debut album \"Whoa, Nelly!\" (2000), a critical and commercial success that spawned two top 10 singles; \"I'm Like a Bird\" and \"Turn Off the Light\". The first single won her a Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance. In 2003 she released her second album \"Folklore\" and was preceded by the lead single \"Powerless (Say What You Want)\". Furtado's third album \"Loose\" (2006) became her best selling album with 12 million copies sold worldwide. The album spawned four successful number one singles; \"Promiscuous\", \"Maneater\", \"Say It Right\" and \"All Good Things (Come to an End)\". She released her first Spanish language album \"Mi Plan\" in 2009 which won her a Latin Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Album. In 2012 Furtado released her fifth album \"The Spirit Indestructible\".\nFurtado has sold over 40 million records worldwide, making her one of the most successful Canadian artists. She has won several awards throughout her career including; one Grammy Award from seven nominations, one Latin Grammy Award, ten Juno Awards, one BRIT Award, one Billboard Music Award, one MTV Europe Music Award, one World Music Award and three Much Music Video Awards. Furtado has a star on Canada's Walk of Fame and was awarded Commander of the Order of Prince Henry on February 28, 2014 in Toronto by Aníbal Cavaco Silva, the former President of Portugal.", "Stephen Ellis Garrett (November 11, 1974 February 25, 2008), also known as Static Major, was a Grammy Award-winning American recording artist and record producer from Louisville, Kentucky, USA. He was a member of the R&B trio Playa. Static Major gained posthumous fame for appearing on Lil Wayne's 2008 album \"Tha Carter III\" on the song \"Lollipop\". He was a songwriter for several artists, including Aaliyah, Ginuwine, Pretty Ricky, and Destiny's Child.", "Jive Records was an American record label under the RCA Music Group formed in 1981 by Zomba Records. Formerly headquartered in New York City, the label was best known for a string of successes with hip hop artists in the 1980s, and also in teen pop and boy bands during the 1990s and the early 2000s.", "Star Search is an American television show that was produced T.P.E./Rysher Entertainment from 1983 to 1995, hosted by Ed McMahon, and created by Alfred Masini. A relaunch was produced by 2929 Productions from 2003 to 2004. On both versions of the show, contestants competed in several genres of entertainment. The show was originally filmed at the old Earl Carroll Theatre (now known as Nickelodeon on Sunset), at 6230 Sunset Blvd. in Hollywood and later at the Disney Hollywood Studios in Orlando, Florida.", "`` Do n't Know What to Tell Ya '' is a song by American recording artist Aaliyah . A Contemporary R&B track with Egyptian influences , it was initially written by Static Major and Timbaland for the singer 's third studio album Aaliyah ( 2001 ) . While it failed to make the final cut , it was eventually included on the singer 's first posthumous compilation album , I Care 4 U ( 2002 ) . Released in mid- 2003 in European and Asian market , the song was the second and final single from Aaliyah 's in North America & Asia , the final single off the album was `` Come Over '' .", "Justin Randall Timberlake (born January 31, 1981)\nis an American singer, songwriter, actor and record producer. Born in Memphis, Tennessee, he appeared on the television shows \"Star Search\" and \"The All-New Mickey Mouse Club\" as a child. In the late 1990s, Timberlake rose to prominence as one of the two lead vocalists and youngest member of NSYNC, which eventually became one of the best-selling boy bands of all time. During their hiatus, Timberlake released his debut solo album, the R&B-focused \"Justified\" (2002), which yielded the successful singles \"Cry Me a River\" and \"Rock Your Body\", and earned his first two Grammy Awards.", "Destiny's Child was an American girl group whose final and best-known line-up comprised Beyoncé Knowles, Kelly Rowland, and Michelle Williams. Formed in 1997 in Houston, Texas, Destiny's Child members began their musical endeavors as Girl's Tyme comprising, formed in 1990, among others, Knowles, Rowland, LaTavia Roberson and LeToya Luckett. After years of limited success, they were signed in 1997 to Columbia Records and Music World Entertainment as Destiny's Child. Destiny's Child was launched into mainstream recognition following the 1999 release of their best-selling second album, \"The Writing's on the Wall\", which contained the number-one singles \"Bills, Bills, Bills\" and \"Say My Name\". Despite critical and commercial success, the group was plagued by internal conflict and legal turmoil, as Roberson and Luckett attempted to split from the group's manager Mathew Knowles, citing favoritism of Knowles and Rowland.", "The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) is a continental North and South American trade organization that represents the recording industry in the United States. Its members consist of record labels and distributors, which the RIAA says \"create, manufacture and/or distribute approximately 85% of all legally sold recorded music in the United States.\" The RIAA headquarters is in Washington, D.C.", "Age Ain't Nothing but a Number is the debut studio album by American R&B recording artist Aaliyah, released under Jive and Blackground Records on May 24, 1994, in the United States. After being signed by her uncle Barry Hankerson, Aaliyah was introduced to recording artist and producer R. Kelly. He became her mentor, as well as the lead songwriter and producer of the album. The duo recorded the album at the Chicago Recording Company in Chicago, Illinois. The album featured two hit singles, including the top ten-charting \"Back & Forth\" and \"At Your Best (You Are Love)\"; both singles were certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). One additional single followed in the US: \"Age Ain't Nothing but a Number\". Two more singles were released internationally after \"Age Ain't Nothing But a Number\": \"Down with the Clique\" and \"The Thing I Like\".", "Brooklyn is the most populous borough of New York City, with a Census-estimated 2,636,735 residents in 2015. It borders the borough of Queens at the southwestern end of Long Island. Since 1896, Brooklyn has had the same boundaries as Kings County, the most populous county in the U.S. state of New York, and the second-most densely populated county in the United States, after the county of New York (which is coextensive with the borough of Manhattan).", "Dwayne Michael Carter Jr. (born September 27, 1982), known professionally as Lil Wayne, is an American hip hop recording artist and author from New Orleans, Louisiana. In 1991, at the age of nine, Lil Wayne joined Cash Money Records as the youngest member of the label, and half of the duo The B.G.'z, alongside fellow New Orleans-based rapper Lil' Doogie. In 1996, Lil Wayne joined the southern hip hop group Hot Boys, with his Cash Money label-mates Juvenile, Young Turk and Lil' Doogie (who now goes by B.G.). Hot Boys debuted with \"Get It How U Live!\", that same year. Most of the group's success came with their platinum-selling album \"Guerrilla Warfare\" (1999) and the 1999 single \"Bling Bling\". Along with being the flagship artist of Cash Money Records, Lil Wayne is also the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of his own label imprint, Young Money Entertainment, which he founded in 2005.", "Blackground Records, LLC was an American record label owned by former manager Barry Hankerson and his son Jomo Hankerson.", "Mosley Music Group is a record label founded and formed by producer Tim \"Timbaland\" Mosley. Founded in 2006, the imprint was formerly distributed exclusively by Interscope Geffen A&M until 2014 when Timbaland made a new joint venture with L.A. Reid at Epic Records which is under Sony Music Entertainment.", "Robert Sylvester Kelly (born January 8, 1967), known professionally as R. Kelly, is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, and former professional basketball player. A native of Chicago, Illinois, Kelly began performing during the late 1980s and debuted in 1992 with the group Public Announcement. In 1993, Kelly went solo with the album \"12 Play\". He is known for a collection of major hit singles including \"Bump N' Grind\", \"Your Body's Callin'\", \"I Believe I Can Fly\", \"Gotham City\", \"Ignition (Remix)\", \"If I Could Turn Back the Hands of Time\", \"The World's Greatest\", \"I'm a Flirt (Remix)\", and the hip-hopera \"Trapped in the Closet\". In 1998, Kelly won three Grammy Awards for \"I Believe I Can Fly\". His distinctive sound and style has influenced numerous hip hop and contemporary R&B artists. Kelly became the first musician to play professional basketball, when he was signed in 1997.", "Supa Dupa Fly is the debut studio album by American rapper Missy \"Misdemeanor\" Elliott, released July 15, 1997 on The Goldmind and Elektra Records. The album was recorded and produced solely by Timbaland in October 1996, and features the singles, \"The Rain (Supa Dupa Fly)\", \"Sock It 2 Me\", \"Hit Em wit da Hee\" and \"Beep Me 911\". Guest appearances on the album include Busta Rhymes, Ginuwine, Nicole, Keith Sweat, Magoo, Queen Latifah, Da Brat, 702, Lil' Kim, K-Ci & JoJo and Aaliyah. The album debuted at number three on the \"Billboard\" 200 and topped the \"Billboard\" Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. It sold 1.2 million copies in the United States, where it was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America.", "Tha Carter III is the sixth studio album by American rapper Lil Wayne, released on June 10, 2008, by Cash Money and Universal Motown. It follows a long string of mixtape releases and guest appearances on other hip hop and R&B artists records, helping to increase his exposure in the mainstream. The album's cover art features a baby picture of Wayne and is similar to covers of hip hop albums such as Nas's \"Illmatic\" (1994) and Notorious B.I.G.'s \"Ready to Die\" (1994). Amid release delays and leaks, \"Tha Carter III\" became one of the most anticipated releases of 2008.", "FutureSex/LoveSounds is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Justin Timberlake. It was released on September 8, 2006 by Jive Records and its affiliated label of the Zomba Group of Companies. During a two-year hiatus, Timberlake resolved his feelings on being unable to record any new material, and as he returned to record some new music, he began collaborating with his longtime record producer Timbaland, alongside the latter's colleague Danja. The album's contents were produced at Timbaland's Thomas Crown Studios. The album shares some lyrical themes with Timberlake's debut album \"Justified\" (2002), although \"FutureSex/LoveSounds\" has more diversity in music genres. It infuses R&B and pop with techno, funk, and elements of rock. The reprises and interludes interspersed on the album's tracks were created by the production team with the goal of channeling Timberlake's influences; including David Bowie and Prince.", "Shock Value II is the third studio album by American record producer Timbaland. It serves as the second volume of the platinum-selling \"Shock Value\" which topped charts worldwide and received 16 platinum certifications.", "Atlantic Recording Corporation (simply known as Atlantic Records) is an American record label founded in October 1947 by Ahmet Ertegün and Herb Abramson. Over its first 20 years of operation, Atlantic Records earned a reputation as one of the most important American recording labels, specializing in jazz, R&B and soul recordings by African-American musicians including Aretha Franklin, Ray Charles, Wilson Pickett, Sam and Dave, Ruth Brown and Otis Redding, a position greatly enhanced by its distribution deal with Stax Records. In 1967, Atlantic Records became a wholly owned subsidiary of Warner Bros.-Seven Arts, now the Warner Music Group, and expanded into rock and pop music with releases by bands such as Led Zeppelin and Yes.", "Timothy Zachery \"Tim\" Mosley (born March 10, 1972), known professionally as Timbaland, is an American record producer, singer, songwriter, rapper and DJ. Timbaland's first full credit production work was in 1996 on \"Ginuwine...the Bachelor\" for R&B singer Ginuwine. After further work on Aaliyah's 1996 album \"One in a Million\" and Missy Elliott's 1997 album \"Supa Dupa Fly\", Timbaland became a prominent producer for R&B and hip hop artists. As a rapper he initially released several albums with fellow rapper Magoo, followed by his debut solo album \"\" in 1998. In 2002, Timbaland produced the hit single \"Cry Me a River\" for Justin Timberlake, going on to produce most of Timberlake's subsequent LPs such as \"FutureSex/LoveSounds\" and \"The 20/20 Experience\" and their respective hit singles. A Timbaland-owned imprint label, Mosley Music Group, featured artists such as Nelly Furtado, whose Timbaland-produced album \"Loose\" (2006) was a commercial and critical success. In 2007, Timbaland released a solo album, \"Shock Value\", which was followed by \"Shock Value II\" in 2009.", "Elgin Baylor Lumpkin (born October 15, 1970), better known by his stage name Ginuwine, is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor. Signed to Epic Records since the mid-1990s, Ginuwine had released a number of multi-platinum and platinum-selling albums and singles, becoming one of R&B's top artists during the late 1990s and early 2000s.", "Aaliyah Dana Haughton (January 16, 1979  August 25, 2001) was an American singer, dancer, actress, and model. She was born in Brooklyn, New York, and raised in Detroit, Michigan. At the age of 10, she appeared on the television show \"Star Search\" and performed in concert alongside Gladys Knight. At age 12, Aaliyah signed with Jive Records and her uncle Barry Hankerson's Blackground Records. Hankerson introduced her to R. Kelly, who became her mentor, as well as lead songwriter and producer of her debut album, \"Age Ain't Nothing but a Number\". The album sold three million copies in the United States and was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). After facing allegations of an illegal marriage with R. Kelly, Aaliyah ended her contract with Jive and signed with Atlantic Records.", "Gladys Maria Knight (born May 28, 1944), known as the \"Empress of Soul\", is an American singersongwriter and actress. A seven-time Grammy Award-winner, Knight is best known for the hits she recorded during the 1960s and 1970s, for both the Motown and Buddah Records labels, with her group Gladys Knight & the Pips, which also included her brother Merald \"Bubba\" Knight and her cousins Edward Patten and William Guest,", "Melissa Arnette \"Missy\" Elliott (born July 1, 1971), often known professionally as Missy \"Misdemeanor\" Elliott, is an American rapper, dancer, and record producer. Elliott embarked on her music career with all-female R&B group Sista in the early 1990s and later became a member of the Swing Mob collective along with childhood friend and longtime collaborator Timbaland, with whom she worked on projects for Aaliyah, 702, Total, and SWV. Following several collaborations and guest appearances, she launched her solo career in 1997 with her debut album \"Supa Dupa Fly\", which spawned the hit singles \"The Rain (Supa Dupa Fly)\" and \"Sock It 2 Me\". The album debuted at number three on the \"Billboard\" 200, the highest-charting debut for a female rapper at the time.", "Pretty Ricky is an American R&B/hip hop group originated from Miami, Florida. Pretty Ricky originally consisted of four brothers: Corey \"Slick'em\" Mathis, Ala Diamond \"Baby Blue\" Smith, \"Spectacular\" Blue Smith, and Marcus \"Pleasure P\" Cooper who is the group's only singer since the rest of them take roles as rappers. They all have the same father, Joseph \"Blue\" Smith Sr., but only Spectacular & Baby Blue have the same mother. The name of the band was taken from a character in Martin Lawrence's comedy series, \"Martin\" (1992-1997). \"We all used to dress alike, really different to everyone else. We wore fur in the summer when everyone else was in t-shirts,\" Pleasure explained. \"On the show was a character called 'Pretty Ricky.' He was slick and always dressed different to everyone else, so all the girls at school started calling us 'Pretty Ricky'.\" They had great success with singles such as \"Grind With Me\" and \"On The Hotline\" with albums such as \"Late Night Special\" and \"Bluestars\". Pleasure P left the group in 2007 to embark on a solo career. Since then, Pretty Ricky has replaced the lead singer numerous times with ex-members 4Play, Mowet, and Lingerie. Since 2015, Pleasure P has reunited with the group releasing their latest single \"Puddles\" and preparing a final album and tour for 2017." ]

[ "1982", "1995", "1996", "album", "atlantic records", "blackground records", "columbia records", "conflict", "elektra records", "english", "epic records", "interscope geffen a & m", "island", "jive records", "juvenile", "label", "labels", "latin", "mathew knowles", "mosley music group", "motown", "orlando", "pop", "rca music group", "record", "sony music entertainment", "stax records", "studio album", "warner music group" ]

[ "Iran (, also , ; ' ), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (' ), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the \"de facto\" Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, and Azerbaijan; to the north by the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. Comprising a land area of , it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 18th-largest in the world. With 82.8 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 17th-most-populous country. It is the only country with both a Caspian Sea and an Indian Ocean coastline. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, make it of great geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic center.", "John Fitzgerald \"Jack\" Kennedy (May 29, 1917 November 22, 1963), commonly referred to by his initials JFK, was an American politician who served as the 35th President of the United States from January 1961 until his assassination in November 1963. The Cuban Missile Crisis, the Bay of Pigs Invasion, the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, the establishment of the Peace Corps, developments in the Space Race, the building of the Berlin Wall, the Trade Expansion Act to lower tariffs, and the Civil Rights Movement all took place during his presidency. A member of the Democratic Party, his New Frontier domestic program was largely enacted as a memorial to him after his death. Kennedy also established the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1963.", "Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) comprises several subordinate operations:", "Colonel Joe D. Dowdy was the commanding officer of the Regimental Combat Team 1 ( RCT - 1 ) during the 2003 invasion of Iraq . He led his unit to within 130 km of Baghdad before being relieved of command on April 4 , 2003 by Major General James Mattis , the commanding officer of the 1st Marine Division . He was replaced by Colonel John Toolan , then chief of staff for the division . According to the spokesman for the 1st Marine Division at the time , Lieutenant Eric Knapp , Colonel Dowdy 's removal `` was a decision based on operating tempo . '' This decision was controversial to many in Marine Corps and the Department of Defense . Dowdy is now the Special Operations Manager at NASA 's Kennedy Space Center .", "The 2003 invasion of Iraq lasted from 20 March to 1 May 2003 and signalled the start of the Iraq War, which was dubbed Operation Iraqi Freedom by the United States (prior to 19 March, the mission in Iraq was called Operation Enduring Freedom, a carryover from the War in Afghanistan). The invasion consisted of 21 days of major combat operations, in which a combined force of troops from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia and Poland invaded Iraq and deposed the Ba'athist government of Saddam Hussein. The invasion phase consisted primarily of a conventionally fought war which included the capture of the Iraqi capital of Baghdad by American forces with the implicit assistance of the United Kingdom alongside Australia and Poland.", "Baghdad is the capital of the Republic of Iraq. The population of Baghdad, , is approximately 7.216.040 making it the largest city in Iraq, the second largest city in the Arab world (after Cairo, Egypt), and the second largest city in Western Asia (after Tehran, Iran).", "The John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) is one of ten National Aeronautics and Space Administration field centers. Since December 1968, Kennedy Space Center has been NASA's primary launch center of human spaceflight. Launch operations for the Apollo, Skylab and Space Shuttle programs were carried out from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 and managed by KSC. Located on the east coast of Florida, KSC is adjacent to Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS). The management of the two entities work very closely together, share resources, and even own facilities on each other's property.", "The Iraq War was a protracted armed conflict that began in 2003 with the invasion of Iraq by a United States-led coalition that toppled the government of Saddam Hussein. The conflict continued for much of the next decade as an insurgency emerged to oppose the occupying forces and the post-invasion Iraqi government. An estimated 151,000 to 600,000 or more Iraqis were killed in the first 34 years of conflict. The United States officially withdrew from the country in 2011 but left private security contractors in its place to continue the war. It again became re-involved in 2014 at the head of a new coalition; the insurgency and many dimensions of the civil armed conflict continue." ]

[ "2003 invasion of iraq", "afghanistan", "cuban missile crisis", "iraq war", "operation enduring freedom" ]

[ "MyBlogLog was a social network for the blogger community that was based in part on interactions facilitated by a popular web widget that many members install on their blog . Bloggers signed up for free accounts on MyBlogLog and could initiate a blog community for one or more blogs they authored . Other registered members could subscribe to these communities , effectively bookmarking them for future reading and sharing them with their own contacts . Bloggers could then display widgets on their sites which show MyBlogLog online community members who had recently visited their page . These widgets also contained links to visiting members ' community pages , and are one way in which users connected with one another . All members could see certain basic information about how many people visit their blog , what links they clicked and where they come from . Members could also view more extensive information about traffic on their site for a monthly fee . MyBlogLog communities revolved around an individual blog registered by that blog 's author . These communities had anywhere from a few to thousands of members . Communities that are particularly popular , had the most members or that are brand new were featured on the MyBlogLog Communities page . Members could also find communities via searches for key words or tags . MyBlogLog members were displayed and searchable in a largely similar fashion to MyBlogLog communities . Featured , popular and new members were displayed on the MyBlogLog members page . Users could also search for members and get a sense of who they were by seeing which communities they were a member of and what tags have been associated to their profile by the MyBlogLog community . MyBlogLog was originally developed by Cloudspace -- an Orlando , Florida web applications development shop . It was acquired in January , 2007 by Yahoo for slightly more than $ 10 million and with over 45,000 blogs subscribed at the time . In 2008 , MyBlogLog averaged approximately 22 million visits to pages with MyBlogLog widgets each day , and the site had over 275,000 registered members . On February 24 , 2011 Yahoo announced the MyBlogLog service would be terminated on May 24 , 2011 .", "Adobe Animate (formerly called Adobe Flash and Shockwave Flash) is a multimedia software platform for production of animations, browser games, rich Internet applications, desktop applications, mobile applications and mobile games. Flash displays text, vector graphics and raster graphics to provide animations, video games and applications. It allows streaming of audio and video, and can capture mouse, keyboard, microphone and camera input.", "Twitter is an online news and social networking service where users post and interact with messages, \"tweets,\" restricted to 140 characters. Registered users can post tweets, but those who are unregistered can only read them. Users access Twitter through its website interface, SMS or a mobile device app. Twitter Inc. is based in San Francisco and has more than 25 offices around the world.", "The World Wide Web (abbreviated WWW or the Web) is an information space where documents and other web resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs), interlinked by hypertext links, and can be accessed via the Internet. English scientist Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989. He wrote the first web browser computer program in 1990 while employed at CERN in Switzerland.", "Computing is any goal-oriented activity requiring, benefiting from, or creating a mathematical sequence of steps known as an algorithm e.g. through computers. Computing includes designing, developing and building hardware and software systems; processing, structuring, and managing various kinds of information; doing scientific research on and with computers; making computer systems behave intelligently; and creating and using communications and entertainment media. The field of computing includes computer engineering, software engineering, computer science, information systems, and information technology.", "Portlets are pluggable user interface software components that are managed and displayed in a web- or enterprise- portal.", "A think tank, policy institute, or research institute is an organization that performs research and advocacy concerning topics such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology, and culture. Most policy institutes are non-profit organizations, which some countries such as the United States and Canada provide with tax exempt status. Other think tanks are funded by governments, advocacy groups, or businesses, or derive revenue from consulting or research work related to their projects.", "A blog (a truncation of the expression weblog) is a discussion or informational website published on the World Wide Web consisting of discrete, often informal diary-style text entries (\"posts\"). Posts are typically displayed in reverse chronological order, so that the most recent post appears first, at the top of the web page. Until 2009, blogs were usually the work of a single individual, occasionally of a small group, and often covered a single subject or topic. In the 2010s, \"multi-author blogs\" (MABs) have developed, with posts written by large numbers of authors and sometimes professionally edited. MABs from newspapers, other media outlets, universities, think tanks, advocacy groups, and similar institutions account for an increasing quantity of blog traffic. The rise of Twitter and other \"microblogging\" systems helps integrate MABs and single-author blogs into the news media. \"Blog\" can also be used as a verb, meaning \"to maintain or add content to a blog\".", "A virtual community is a social network of individuals who interact through specific social media, potentially crossing geographical and political boundaries in order to pursue mutual interests or goals. Some of the most pervasive virtual communities are online communities operating under social networking services.", "A website is a collection of related web pages, including multimedia content, typically identified with a common domain name, and published on at least one web server. A website may be accessible via a public Internet Protocol (IP) network, such as the Internet, or a private local area network (LAN), by referencing a uniform resource locator (URL) that identifies the site.", "In computing, a web widget is a software widget for the web. It's a small application with limited functionality that can be installed and executed within a web page by an end user. A widget has the role of a transient or auxiliary application, meaning that it just occupies a portion of a webpage and does something useful with information fetched from other websites and displayed in place. Other terms used to describe web widgets include: portlet, web part, gadget, badge, module, snippet and flake. Widgets are typically created in DHTML or Adobe Flash.", "A web page (US spelling webpage or Web page) is a document that is suitable for the World Wide Web and web browsers. A web browser displays a web page on a monitor or mobile device. The web page is what displays, but the term also refers to a computer file, usually written in HTML or comparable markup language. Web browsers coordinate the various web resource elements for the written web page, such as style sheets, scripts, and images, to present the web page.", "An online community is a virtual community whose members interact with each other primarily via the Internet. For many, online communities may feel like home, consisting of a \"family of invisible friends\". Those who wish to be a part of an online community usually have to become a member via a specific site and necessarily need an internet connection. An online community can act as an information system where members can post, comment on discussions, give advice or collaborate. Commonly, people communicate through social networking sites, chat rooms, forums, e-mail lists and discussion boards. People may also join online communities through video games, blogs and virtual worlds." ]

[ "canada", "enterprise", "internet", "media", "mobile", "san francisco" ]

[ "The Queen-in-Parliament (or, during the reign of a male monarch, King-in-Parliament), sometimes referred to as the Crown-in-Parliament or, more fully, in the United Kingdom, as the King/Queen in Parliament under God, is a technical term of constitutional law in the Commonwealth realms that refers to the Crown in its legislative role, acting with the advice and consent of the parliament (including, if the parliament is bicameral, both the lower house and upper house). Bills passed by the houses are sent to the sovereign, or governor-general, lieutenant-governor, or governor as her representative, for Royal Assent, which, once granted, makes the bill into law; these primary acts of legislation are known as \"acts of parliament\". An act may also provide for secondary legislation, which can be made by the Crown, subject to the simple approval, or the lack of disapproval, of parliament.", "The New Zealand Parliament is the legislative branch of New Zealand, consisting of the Queen of New Zealand (Queen-in-Parliament) and the New Zealand House of Representatives. Before 1951, there was an upper chamber, the New Zealand Legislative Council. The Parliament was established in 1854 and is one of the oldest continuously functioning parliaments in the world.", "Sir Robert David \"Rob\" Muldoon (25 September 19215 August 1992) served as the 31st Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1975 to 1984, as leader of the governing National Party. Muldoon was a Minister of Finance (a portfolio he also held while Prime Minister), a prominent member of the National Party and MP for the Tamaki electorate in Auckland prior to becoming party leader in 1974.", "Norman Eric Kirk (6 January 1923 31 August 1974) was the 29th Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1972 until his sudden death in 1974. He led the Parliamentary wing of the New Zealand Labour Party from 1965 to 1974. He was the fourth Labour Prime Minister of New Zealand. Kirk had a reputation as the most formidable debater of his time and once famously said that people don't want much, just \"Someone to love, somewhere to live, somewhere to work and something to hope for.\"", "Sir Wallace Edward Rowling (15 November 1927 31 October 1995), often known as Bill Rowling, was the 30th Prime Minister of New Zealand. He was in office for just over a year, having been appointed Prime Minister following the death of the highly popular Norman Kirk. Rowling was unable to retain the premiership but remained leader of the Labour Party until 1983.", "The 1981 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the 40th New Zealand Parliament . It saw the governing National Party , led by Robert Muldoon , win a third term in office , although the opposition Labour Party , led by Bill Rowling , actually won the largest share of the votes cast .", "The Prime Minister of New Zealand is the head of government of New Zealand. The current prime minister is Bill English of the National Party, who took office on 12 December 2016." ]

[ "governor", "prime minister", "prime minister of new zealand" ]

[ "Pope Pius IX (13 May 1792 7 February 1878), born Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti, reigned as Pope from 16 June 1846 to his death in 1878. He was the longest-reigning elected pope in the history of the Catholic Church, serving for over 31 years. During his pontificate, Pius IX convened the First Vatican Council (186970), which decreed papal infallibility, but the council was cut short due to the loss of the Papal States.", "Sassari (; ) is an Italian city and the second-largest of Sardinia in terms of population with 127,525 inhabitants, and a Functional Urban Area of about 222,000 inhabitants. One of the oldest cities on the island, it contains a considerable collection of art.", "Sardinia ( / , Sassarese: \"Sardhigna\", Gallurese: \"Saldigna\", Catalan: \"Sardenya\", Tabarchino: \"Sardegna\") is the second largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily and before Cyprus) and an autonomous region of Italy. It is located in the Western Mediterranean, just south of the French island of Corsica.", "Sorso is a \"comune\" (municipality) of c. 14,700 inhabitants in the province of Sassari in the Italian region Sardinia, located about north of Sassari.", "Luigi Amat di San Filippo e Sorso ( 20 June 1796 - 30 March 1878 ) was the dean of the College of Cardinals during the last part of the record long reign of Pope Pius IX. The issue of an ancient and noble Catalan Sardinian family , he was the fifth child and fourth son of Giovanni , Marquess of San Filippo , and Eusebia , Baroness of Sorso . He did his early education wholly in Sardinia , which was unusual for someone who was later to become a major curial official in those days , as most curial officials had to come from the Papal States . Between 1815 and 1825 , he obtained distinction as a student of both civil and canon law , and became a priest in 1826 . From that point on , he rose rapidly , becoming a bishop just one year after his ordination and soon after a nuncio to the Sicilian kingdom ( then separate from mainland Italy ) , and later to Spain . He was expelled when the Papal States broke off diplomatic relations with Spain in 1835 , but two years later Pope Gregory XVI elevated him to the rank of cardinal . After his elevation to the cardinalate , Cardinal Amat continued his previous work as a papal legate in various parts of Italy until the late 1840s . He participated in the conclave that elected Pius IX and in 1852 opted for the order of cardinal bishops . He was Vice-Chancellor of the Holy Roman Church from later that year until he died . During most of Pius IX 's reign Cardinal Amat held control of the police force in the Papal States : it has come to light that early in Pius 's reign he sacked many policemen because of their political sympathies and was involved in many major political incidents as sympathy within the Papal States for a united Italy increased in the early 1860s . However , Cardinal Amat had considerable success whilst in Bologna in cooling sympathy for socialism in a city that was to become renowned for this in later years . In 1876 , at the age of eighty , Cardinal Amat became the longest - serving cardinal in the Church , and officiated over the conclave of 1878 that elected Pope Leo XIII . He was already in poor health by this time and as it turned out lived only one month longer than Pope Pius IX.", "The Papal States, officially the State of the Church were territories in the Italian Peninsula under the sovereign direct rule of the pope, from the 8th century until 1870. They were among the major states of Italy from roughly the 8th century until the Italian Peninsula was unified in 1861 by the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia. At their zenith, they covered most of the modern Italian regions of Lazio (which includes Rome), Marche, Umbria and Romagna, and portions of Emilia. These holdings were considered to be a manifestation of the temporal power of the pope, as opposed to his ecclesiastical primacy. " ]

[ "catalan", "italian" ]

[ "The German Labour Front (DAF) was the National Socialist trade union organization which replaced the various independent trade unions of the Weimar Republic after Adolf Hitler's rise to power. After the Nazi-organized 1933 May Day labor celebrations, the Third Reich not only nationalized all trade unions, but decreed union membership as a mandatory duty, forcing every worker to join the state-operated union.", "Kraft durch Freude (German for Strength through Joy, abbreviated KdF) was a large state-operated leisure organization in Nazi Germany. It was a part of the German Labour Front (Deutsche Arbeitsfront, DAF), the national German labour organization at that time. Set up as a tool to promote the advantages of National Socialism to the people, it soon became the world's largest tourism operator of the 1930s.", "Weimar Republic is an unofficial, historical designation for the German state between 1919 and 1933. The name derives from the city of Weimar, where its constitutional assembly first took place. The official name of the state was still \"Deutsches Reich\"; it had remained unchanged since 1871. In English the country was usually known simply as Germany.\nA national assembly was convened in Weimar, where a new constitution for the \"Deutsches Reich\" was written, and adopted on 11 August 1919. In its fourteen years, the Weimar Republic faced numerous problems, including hyperinflation, political extremism (with paramilitaries both left- and right-wing); and contentious relationships with the victors of the First World War. The people of Germany blamed the Weimar Republic rather than their wartime leaders for the country's defeat and for the humiliating terms of the Treaty of Versailles. However, the Weimar Republic government successfully reformed the currency, unified tax policies, and organized the railway system. Weimar Germany eliminated most of the requirements of the Treaty of Versailles; it never completely met its disarmament requirements, and eventually paid only a small portion of the war reparations (by twice restructuring its debt through the Dawes Plan and the Young Plan). Under the Locarno Treaties, Germany accepted the western borders of the republic, but continued to dispute the Eastern border.", "The Beauty of Labour ( Schönheit der Arbeit ) was a propaganda organisation of the Nazi government from the period 1934 to its eventual disbandment in 1945 . Initially a propaganda machine , the SdA worked bilaterally with its counterpart organisation Strength Through Joy ( KdF ) to achieve an overall appeasement of the general population . The Beauty of Labour was one of the many areas that made up the Nazi labour union , the Deutsche Arbeitsfront ( DAF or `` German Labour Front '' ) . Campaigns such as the Fight against Noise and Good ventilation in the workplace gave the Hitler - led government the ability to stimulate productivity within the workplace whilst simultaneously installing a sense of community and greater cordiality between the totalitarian dictatorship and the German population . The concept was initially a response to the appeasement needs of Adolf Hitler , after successive restrictions on personal freedoms within the Third Reich , including the formation of the DAF .", "Nazi Germany is the common English name for the period in German history from 1933 to 1945, when Germany was governed by a dictatorship under the control of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP). Under Hitler's rule, Germany was transformed into a fascist state in which the Nazi Party took totalitarian control over nearly all aspects of life. The official name of the state was \"Deutsches Reich\" from 1933 to 1943 and \"Großdeutsches Reich\" (\"Greater German Reich\") from 1943 to 1945. The period is also known under the names the Third Reich and the National Socialist Period (abbreviated as \"NS-Zeit\"). The Nazi regime came to an end after the Allied Powers defeated Germany in May 1945, ending World War II in Europe." ]

[ "1871", "1919", "1933", "1945" ]

[ "Wycombe is a local government district in Buckinghamshire in south-central England. Its council is based in the town of High Wycombe.", "The North Sea is a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean located between Great Britain, Scandinavia, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France. An epeiric (or \"shelf\") sea on the European continental shelf, it connects to the ocean through the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian Sea in the north. It is more than long and wide, with an area of around .", "Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative) is a genre of rock music that emerged from the independent music underground of the 1980s and became widely popular in the 1990s and 2000s. In this instance, the word \"alternative\" refers to the genre's distinction from mainstream rock music. The term's original meaning was broader, referring to a generation of musicians unified by their collective debt to either the musical style or simply the independent, D.I.Y. ethos of punk rock, which in the late 1970s laid the groundwork for alternative music. At times, \"alternative\" has been used as a catch-all description for music from underground rock artists that receives mainstream recognition, or for any music, whether rock or not, that is seen to be descended from punk rock (including some examples of punk itself, as well as new wave, and post-punk).", "Henley-on-Thames is a town and civil parish on the River Thames in Oxfordshire, England, northeast of Reading and 7 miles west of Maidenhead. One of its boundaries has the tripoint of Oxfordshire, Berkshire and Buckinghamshire. The 2011 Census recorded the parish population as 11,619.\nHistory.\n<includeonly>Henley does not appear in Domesday Book of 1086; often it is mistaken for \"Henlei\" in the book which is in Surrey.</includeonly>\nThe first record of Henley is from 1179, when it is recorded that King Henry II \"had bought land for the making of buildings\". King John granted the manor of Benson and the town and manor of Henley to Robert Harcourt in 1199. A church at Henley is first mentioned in 1204. In 1205 the town received a paviage grant, and in 1234 the bridge is first mentioned. In 1278 Henley is described as a hamlet of Benson with a chapel. The street plan was probably established by the end of the 13th century.", "Southern England, or the South of England, also known as the South, refers roughly to the southern counties of England. The extent of this area can take a number of different interpretations depending on the context, including geographical, cultural, political and economic.", "Marlow (historically Great Marlow or Chipping Marlow) is a town and civil parish within Wycombe district in south Buckinghamshire, England. It is located on the River Thames, 4 miles (6.5 km) south-southwest of High Wycombe, 5 miles (8 km) west-northwest of Maidenhead and 33 miles (53 km) west of central London.", "Great Marlow is a civil parish within Wycombe district in the English county of Buckinghamshire located north of the town of Marlow and south of High Wycombe. The parish includes the hamlets of Bovingdon Green, Burroughs Grove, Chisbridge Cross and Marlow Common, and Danesfield, a housing estate for predominantly RAF officers, although families of other ranks from the RAF, Royal Navy and British Army also live there. Prior to November 2007 the major settlement in Great Marlow was Marlow Bottom which has now become a civil parish in its own right. ", "Danesfield House in Medmenham , near Marlow , Buckinghamshire , England , in the Chiltern Hills is a former country house now used as a hotel and spa . The house stands on a plateau which shelves steeply down to the River Thames to the south .", "Teddington is a town in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. Until 1965, it was in the historic county of Middlesex. Teddington is on the north bank of the Thames, just after the start of a long meander, between Hampton Wick and Strawberry Hill, Twickenham. Mostly residential, it stretches from the Thames to Bushy Park with a long high street reaching down to pubs, restaurants, leisure premises, fields and fitness clubs by the riverside, having a pedestrian suspension bridge over the lowest non-tidal lock on the Thames, Teddington Lock. Teddington has no dual carriageways or high-rise residential buildings and its centre is mid-rise urban development.", "The River Severn (Welsh: \"Afon Hafren\", Latin: \"Sabrina\") is the longest river in the United Kingdom, at about . It rises at an altitude of on Plynlimon, close to the Ceredigion/Powys border near Llanidloes, in the Cambrian Mountains of mid Wales. It then flows through Shropshire, Worcestershire and Gloucestershire, with the county towns of Shrewsbury, Worcester and Gloucester on its banks. With an average discharge of at Apperley, Gloucestershire, the Severn is the greatest river in terms of water flow in England and Wales.", "Buckinghamshire (or ), abbreviated Bucks, is a county in South East England which borders Greater London to the south east, Berkshire to the south, Oxfordshire to the west, Northamptonshire to the north, Bedfordshire to the north east and Hertfordshire to the east.", "Teddington Lock is a complex of three locks and a weir on the River Thames in England at Ham in south west London. The lock is on the southern side of the river.", "High Wycombe, often referred to as Wycombe, is a large town in Buckinghamshire, England. It is west north west of Charing Cross in London; this information is also engraved on the Corn Market building in the centre of the town. It is also south of the county town of Aylesbury, southeast of Oxford and north of Maidenhead. According to the 2011 census High Wycombe has a population of 120,256 making it the second largest town in the county of Buckinghamshire after Milton Keynes. High Wycombe Urban Area, the conurbation of which the town is the largest component, has a population of 133,204.", "\"Country House\" is a song by English alternative rock band Blur. It was released as the lead single from the band's fourth album \"The Great Escape\" on 14 August 1995. \"Country House\" was the first of two Blur singles to reach number one on the UK Singles Chart (the second being 1997's \"Beetlebum\").", "Gloucestershire (; abbreviated Glos.) is a county in South West England. The county comprises part of the Cotswold Hills, part of the flat fertile valley of the River Severn, and the entire Forest of Dean.", "\"Beetlebum\" is a 1997 song by English alternative rock band Blur. It was released as the lead single for the band's eponymous fifth album, \"Blur\". The single debuted at number one on the UK Singles Chart, becoming Blur's second track to reach the top of the charts (after \"Country House\").", "London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom, as well as the most populous city proper in the European Union. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by the Romans, who named it \"Londinium\". London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its medieval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, \"London\" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which today largely makes up Greater London, governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly.", "Medmenham {pronounced /mdnm/} is a village and civil parish in the Wycombe district of Buckinghamshire, England. It is on the River Thames, about southwest of Marlow and east of Henley-on-Thames.", "The Thames Estuary is the estuary in which the River Thames meets the waters of the North Sea, in the south-east of Great Britain.", "Maidenhead is a large town and unparished area in the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead, in Berkshire, England. It lies south of the River Thames, but at Maidenhead, the river runs north-south and so the town is in fact on its west bank. The town has a population in 2011 of 67,404. Its urban area (including the adjoining suburban villages of Bray, Holyport, Pinkneys Green, Taplow (Buckinghamshire) Cox Green, White Waltham and Woodlands Park) has a population of just under 90,000. The mainline railway station was set to be the terminus of the Crossrail line until the announcement was made that Reading was to be the new terminus.", "An escarpment is a steep slope or long cliff that forms as an effect of faulting or erosion and separates two relatively level areas of differing elevations. Usually \"escarpment\" is used interchangeably with scarp (from the Italian \"scarpa\", shoe). But some sources differentiate the two terms, where \"escarpment\" refers to the margin between two landforms, while \"scarp\" is synonymous with a cliff or steep slope. The surface of the steep slope is called a scarp face.This (escarpment) is a ridge which has a gentle(dip) slope on one side and a steep (scarp) slope on the other side.", "Thames Head is a site in Gloucestershire, traditionally identified as the source of the River Thames, a major river which runs through the centre of London. It lies near the village of Kemble and the town of Cirencester. The elevation of the source is above sea level.", "An Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) is an area of countryside in England, Wales or Northern Ireland which has been designated for conservation due to its significant landscape value. Areas are designated in recognition of their national importance, by the relevant public body: Natural England, Natural Resources Wales, or the Northern Ireland Environment Agency. In place of AONB, Scotland uses the similar national scenic area designation. Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty enjoy levels of protection from development similar to those of UK national parks, but unlike with national parks the responsible bodies do not have their own planning powers. They also differ from national parks in their more limited opportunities for extensive outdoor recreation.", "The Tideway is a name given to the part of the River Thames in England that is subject to tides. This stretch of water is downstream from Teddington Lock and is in its widest definition just under long. The Tideway includes the Thames Estuary, the Thames Gateway and the Pool of London.", "Chalk is a soft, white, porous, sedimentary carbonate rock, a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite. Calcite is an ionic salt called calcium carbonate or CaCO. It forms under reasonably deep marine conditions from the gradual accumulation of minute calcite shells (coccoliths) shed from micro-organisms called coccolithophores. Flint (a type of chert unique to chalk) is very common as bands parallel to the bedding or as nodules embedded in chalk. It is probably derived from sponge spicules or other siliceous organisms as water is expelled upwards during compaction. Flint is often deposited around larger fossils such as Echinoidea which may be silicified (i.e. replaced molecule by molecule by flint).", "The Chiltern Hills form a chalk escarpment in South East England. They are known locally as \"the Chilterns\". A large portion of the hills was designated officially as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty in 1965.", "Oxford is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire. With a population of 159,994 it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse. The city is situated from London, from Bristol, from both Southampton and Birmingham and from Reading.", "The River Thames is a river that flows through southern England. At , it is the longest river entirely in England and the second longest in the United Kingdom, after the River Severn. It also flows through Oxford (where it is called Isis), Reading, Henley-on-Thames and Windsor. The lower reaches of the river are called the Tideway, derived from its long tidal reach up to Teddington Lock. It rises at Thames Head in Gloucestershire, and flows into the North Sea via the Thames Estuary. The Thames drains the whole of Greater London. ", "The UK Singles Chart (currently entitled Official Singles Chart) is compiled by the Official Charts Company (OCC), on behalf of the British record industry, listing the top-selling singles in the United Kingdom, based upon physical sales, paid-for downloads and streaming. To be eligible for the chart, a single is currently defined by the Official Charts Company (OCC) as either a 'single bundle' having no more than four tracks and not lasting longer than 25 minutes or one digital audio track not longer than 15 minutes with a minimum sale price of 40 pence. The rules have changed many times as technology has developed, the most notable being the inclusion of digital downloads in 2005 and streaming in 2014." ]

[ "atlantic ocean", "banks", "bedfordshire", "benson", "berkshire", "bray", "buckinghamshire", "chiltern", "cirencester", "east", "england", "flint", "gloucestershire", "grant", "greater london", "hampton", "hertfordshire", "high wycombe", "hill", "lead", "london", "london borough of richmond upon thames", "maidenhead", "marlow", "milton", "most", "north", "northern ireland", "northwest", "of", "oxford", "oxfordshire", "post", "powys", "price", "river", "riverside", "rock", "sale", "salt", "scandinavia", "scotland", "song", "south", "south east england", "south west england", "southampton", "split", "surrey", "twickenham", "union", "united kingdom", "wick", "windsor", "windsor and maidenhead", "worcester", "wycombe" ]

[ "The Juilliard School located in the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York City, is a performing arts conservatory established in 1905. It is informally referred to as Juilliard. The school trains about 850 undergraduate and graduate students in dance, drama, and music. It is widely regarded as one of the world's leading music schools, with some of the most prestigious arts programs. In 2016, QS Quacquarelli Symonds ranked it as the world's best institution for Performing Arts in their inaugural global ranking of the discipline. ", "James Howard Woods (born April 18, 1947) is an American actor and producer. He is often known for villainous roles and appeared in a variety of films, including \"The Way We Were\" (1973), \"The Onion Field\" (1979), \"Videodrome\" (1983), \"Once Upon a Time in America\" (1984), \"Best Seller\" (1987), \"Chaplin\" (1992), \"Casino\" (1995), \"Nixon\" (1995), \"Vampires\" (1998), \"Straw Dogs\" (2011) and \"White House Down\" (2013). On television, he is known for portraying the titular protagonist of \"Shark\" (20062008).", "Hampshire (; abbreviated Hants, archaically known as the County of Southampton) is a county on the southern coast of England in the United Kingdom. The county town of Hampshire is Winchester, the former capital city of England. Hampshire is the most populous ceremonial county in the United Kingdom (excluding the metropolitan counties) with almost half of the county's population living within the South Hampshire conurbation which includes the cities of Southampton and Portsmouth. The larger South Hampshire metropolitan area has a population of 1,547,000. Hampshire is notable for housing the birthplaces of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force. It is bordered by Dorset to the west, Wiltshire to the north-west, Berkshire to the north, Surrey to the north-east, and West Sussex to the east. The southern boundary is the coastline of the English Channel and the Solent, facing the Isle of Wight.", "Serbia, officially the Republic of Serbia, is a sovereign state situated at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Pannonian Plain and the central Balkans. Relative to its small territory, it is a diverse country distinguished by a \"transitional\" character, situated along cultural, geographic, climatic and other boundaries. Serbia is landlocked and borders Hungary to the north; Romania and Bulgaria to the east; Macedonia to the south; and Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and Montenegro to the southwest; it also claims a border with Albania through the disputed territory of Kosovo. Serbia numbers around 7 million residents, and its capital, Belgrade, ranks among the largest cities in Southeast Europe.", "Videodrome is a 1983 Canadian science fiction film written and directed by David Cronenberg, starring James Woods, Sonja Smits, and singer Deborah Harry. Set in Toronto during the early 1980s, it follows the CEO of a small UHF television station who stumbles upon a broadcast signal featuring extreme violence and torture. The layers of deception and mind-control conspiracy unfold as he uncovers the signal's source and loses touch with reality in a series of increasingly bizarre and violent organic hallucinations. The film has been described as \"techno-surrealist\".", "Peter James Yates (24 July 1929 9 January 2011) was an English film director and producer. He was born in Aldershot, Hampshire.", "Stojan Steve Tesich (\"Stojan Stiv Teši\"; September 29, 1942 July 1, 1996) was a Serbian-American screenwriter, playwright and novelist. He won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay in 1979 for the movie \"Breaking Away\".", "The Way We Were is a 1973 American romantic drama film starring Barbra Streisand and Robert Redford, and directed by Sydney Pollack. The screenplay by Arthur Laurents was based on his college days at Cornell University and his experiences with the House Un-American Activities Committee.", "Ghostbusters is a 1984 American supernatural comedy film directed and produced by Ivan Reitman and written by Dan Aykroyd and Harold Ramis. The film stars Bill Murray, Aykroyd and Ramis as three eccentric parapsychologists who start a ghost-catching business in New York City. Sigourney Weaver and Rick Moranis co-star as a client and her neighbor, and Ernie Hudson as the Ghostbusters' first recruit.", "Susan Alexandra \"Sigourney\" Weaver (born October 8, 1949) is an American actress and film producer. Following her film debut as a minor character in \"Annie Hall\" (1977), she quickly came to prominence in 1979 with her first lead role as Ellen Ripley in \"Alien\". She reprised the role in three sequels: \"Aliens\" (1986), for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress; \"Alien 3\" (1992), and \"\" (1997). She is also known for her starring roles in the box-office hits \"Ghostbusters\" (1984), \"Ghostbusters II\" (1989), and \"Avatar\" (2009).", "Once Upon a Time in America is a 1984 Italian-American epic crime drama film co-written and directed by Italian filmmaker Sergio Leone and starring Robert De Niro and James Woods. Based on Harry Grey's novel \"The Hoods\", it chronicles the lives of Jewish ghetto youths who rise to prominence in New York City's world of organized crime. The film explores themes of childhood friendships, love, lust, greed, betrayal, loss, broken relationships, and the rise of mobsters in American society.", "Best Seller is a 1987 crime film written by Larry Cohen, directed by John Flynn and starring James Woods and Brian Dennehy. The film tells the story of Cleve (Woods), a career hitman, who wants to turn his life story into a book written by Dennis Meechum (Dennehy), a veteran police officer and best-selling author.", "William McChord Hurt (born March 20, 1950) is an American actor. He received his acting training at the Juilliard School and began acting on stage in the 1970s. Hurt made his film debut as a troubled scientist in the science-fiction feature \"Altered States\" (1980), for which he received a Golden Globe nomination for New Star of the Year. He subsequently played a leading role, as a lawyer who succumbs to the temptations of Kathleen Turner, in the neo-noir \"Body Heat\" (1981).", "American English (variously abbreviated AmE, AE, AmEng, USEng, en-US), also called United States English or U.S. English, is the set of varieties of the English language native to the United States. English is the most widely spoken language in the United States and is the common language used by the federal government, considered the \"de facto\" language of the country because of its widespread use. English has been given official status by 32 of the 50 state governments. As an example, while both Spanish and English have equivalent status in the local courts of Puerto Rico. Under federal law, English is the official language for any matters being referred to the United States district court for the territory.", "Scottish English refers to the varieties of English spoken in Scotland. The main, formal variety is called Scottish Standard English or Standard Scottish English (SSE). Scottish Standard English may be defined as \"the characteristic speech of the professional class [in Scotland] and the accepted norm in schools\". IETF language tag for \"Scottish Standard English\" is en-Scotland.", "A janitor (American English, Scottish English), janitress (female), custodian, cleaner or caretaker is a person who cleans and maintains buildings such as hospitals, schools and residential accommodation. Janitors' primary responsibility is as a cleaner. In some cases, they will also carry out maintenance and security duties. A similar position, but usually with more managerial duties and not including cleaning, is occupied by building superintendents in the United States. Cleaning is one of the most commonly outsourced services.", "Aldershot is a town in the English county of Hampshire, located on heathland about southwest of London. The area is administered by Rushmoor Borough Council. The town has a population of 36,321, while the Farnborough/Aldershot Built-up Area, a loose conurbation (which also includes other towns such as Camberley, Farnborough, and Farnham) has a population of 243,344, making it the thirtieth-largest urban area in the UK.", "Breaking Away is a 1979 American coming of age comedy-drama film produced and directed by Peter Yates and written by Steve Tesich. It follows a group of four male teenagers in Bloomington, Indiana, who have recently graduated from high school. The film stars Dennis Christopher, Dennis Quaid, Daniel Stern, Jackie Earle Haley, Barbara Barrie, Paul Dooley, and Robyn Douglass.", "Alien 3 (stylized as ALIEN) is a 1992 American science-fiction horror film directed by David Fincher in his directorial debut, produced by Gordon Carroll, David Giler and Walter Hill, and written by Giler, Hill and Larry Ferguson from a story by Vincent Ward. It serves as the third film installment of the \"Alien\" franchise, and takes place after the events of \"Aliens\" (1986).", "Eyewitness is a 1981 thriller film produced and directed by Peter Yates and written by Steve Tesich . It stars William Hurt , Sigourney Weaver , Christopher Plummer and James Woods . The story involves a television news reporter and a janitor who team up to solve a murder ." ]

[ "1992", "balkans", "belgrade", "bulgaria", "europe", "hampshire", "hungary", "indiana", "london", "manhattan", "new york city", "police", "puerto rico", "scotland", "southampton", "sussex", "sydney", "toronto", "united kingdom", "york" ]

[ "VH1 (originally an initialism of Video Hits One) is an American cable television network based in New York City that is owned by the Viacom Global Entertainment Group, a unit of Viacom Media Networks. The channel was first launched on January 1, 1985 in the old space of Turner Broadcasting System's short-lived Cable Music Channel. It was originally created by Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment, at the time a division of Warner Communications and the original owner of MTV (MTV and VH1 are now both owned by Viacom Media Networks).", "The 20 (previously known as the VH1 Top 20 Video Countdown) was a weekly television show that aired on the VH1 cable television network in the United States. The long-running series began in 1994 as the \"VH1 Top 10 Countdown\", as part of VH1's \"Music First\" re-branding effort. Over the years a variety of hosts counted down the top ten or twenty music videos of the week. The order of countdown was originally decided by a mix of record sales, radio airplay, video spins, message board posts, and conventional mail. The series finale aired unexpectedly without any ceremony on November 28, 2015, with the last number one on the show belonging to Drake's \"Hotline Bling\".", "Jim Shearer ( born January 3 , 1974 ) is a VJ was host of the VH1 Top 20 Video Countdown and is the `` music expert '' on VH1 's morning show Big Morning Buzz Live . Shearer was hired by MTV in 2002 after catching the eye of the executive vice president of MTV with a homemade audition tape . From 2009 - 14 , Shearer was the host of the VH1 Top 20 Video Countdown . He has also hosted the shows Advance Warning , 120 Minutes , Subterranean , Video Mods , Summer Gig , as well as other shows on both MTV and MTV2 . In addition , Shearer hosted VH1 's 100 Greatest Artists of All Time and VH1 's 100 Greatest Videos of All Time . Shearer works for IFC on a blog called `` Indie Ear '' , hosts the Pittsburgh Penguins blog on YouTube called Yinz Luv ' Da Guins , and a Pittsburgh Steelers blog on YouTube called Yinz Luv ' Da Stillers . ! His wife , Victoria Shearer , is fluent in Spanish and is a Spanish teacher in their native Pittsburgh . He also has a brother named Matt Shearer . Shearer graduated from Waynesburg College ( now Waynesburg University ) . His catchphrase is `` I will see yinz later . '' Shaerer 's favorite music artists are The Beastie Boys , and he plays in a rock band called Deck of Jack ." ]

[ "media", "new york city", "of", "re", "york" ]

[ "The province of Taranto, previously known as the province of the Ionian, is a province in the Apulia region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Taranto. It has an area of , and a total population of 578,465 (2001). There are 29 \"comuni\" (singular: \"comune\") in the province, all of which are listed at comunes of the Province of Taranto. The coat of arms of the province contains a scorpion, which Pyrrhus is thought to have saw when looking down at Taranto.", "Vatican City , officially Vatican City State or the State of Vatican City, is a walled enclave within the city of Rome. With an area of approximately 44 hectares (110 acres), and a population of 842, it is the smallest State in the world by both area and population, but formally it is not sovereign, sovereignty being held by the Holy See, the only entity of public international law that has diplomatic relations with almost every country in the world.", "Ceglie Messapica (Salentino: \"Cégghie\") is a town and \"comune\" located in the province of Brindisi and region of Apulia, in southern Italy, in the traditional area called Salento.", "Salento (Salentu in the Salentino dialect) is a geographic region at the southern end of the administrative region of Apulia in Southern Italy. It is a sub-peninsula of the Italian Peninsula, sometimes described as the \"heel\" of the Italian \"boot\".", "Locorotondo is a town and comune of the Metropolitan City of Bari , Apulia , southern Italy , with a population of about 14,000 . The city is known for its wines and for its circular structure which is now a historical center , from which derives its name , which means `` Round place '' . It is located in south - east Murgia , deep in the Itria Valley , dotted with white prehistoric roundhouses called trulli . Locorotondo is listed as one of most beautiful villages in Italy .", "A municipality is usually a single urban administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and state laws, to which it is subordinate. It is to be distinguished from the county, which may encompass rural territory and/or numerous small communities such as towns, villages and hamlets. The term \"municipality\" may also mean the governing or ruling body of a given municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district. The term is derived from French \"municipalité\" and Latin \"municipalis\".", "A parliamentary republic is a republic that operates under a parliamentary system of government where the executive branch (the government) derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature (the parliament). There are a number of variations of parliamentary republics. Most have a clear differentiation between the head of government and the head of state, with the head of government holding real power, much like constitutional monarchies. Some have combined the roles of head of state and head of government, much like presidential systems, but with a dependency upon parliamentary power.", "The (plural: \"\") is a basic administrative division in Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality.", "The euro (sign: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of the eurozone, which consists of 19 of the member states of the European Union: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain. The currency is also officially used by the institutions of the European Union and four other European countries, as well as unilaterally by two others, and is consequently used daily by some 337 million Europeans . Outside of Europe, a number of overseas territories of EU members also use the euro as their currency.", "The Gulf of Taranto (Italian: \"Golfo di Taranto\", Latin: \"Sinus Tarentinus\") is a gulf of the Ionian Sea, in Southern Italy.", "San Marino, officially the Republic of San Marino, also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino, is an enclaved microstate surrounded by Italy, situated on the Italian Peninsula on the northeastern side of the Apennine Mountains. Its size is just over , with a population of 33,562. Its capital is the City of San Marino and its largest city is Dogana. San Marino has the smallest population of all the members of the Council of Europe.", "Southern Italy or Mezzogiorno (literally \"midday\") is the traditional term for the southern regions of Italy, encompassing the southern section of the continental Italian Peninsula, the island of Sicily, and usually the island of Sardinia. It generally coincides with the administrative regions of Abruzzo, Apulia, Basilicata, Campania, Calabria, Molise, Sicily, and Sardinia. Some also include the most southern and eastern parts of Lazio (Sora, Cassino, Gaeta, Cittaducale and Amatrice districts) within the \"Mezzogiorno\", because these territories were also part of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. The island of Sardinia, although for cultural and historical reasons having less in common with the aforementioned regions, is frequently included as Southern Italy or \"Mezzogiorno\", often for statistical and economical purposes.", "Martina Franca or only Martina is a \"municipality\" in the province of Taranto, Apulia (\"Puglia\"), Italy. It is the second most populated town of the province after Taranto.\nSince 1975, the town has hosted the annual summer opera festival, the Festival della Valle d'Itria.", "The Adriatic Sea is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan peninsula and the Apennine Mountains from the Dinaric Alps and adjacent ranges. The Adriatic is the northernmost arm of the Mediterranean Sea, extending from the Strait of Otranto (where it connects to the Ionian Sea) to the northwest and the Po Valley. The countries with coasts on the Adriatic are Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Montenegro and Slovenia. The Adriatic contains over 1,300 islands, mostly located along its eastern, Croatian, coast. It is divided into three basins, the northern being the shallowest and the southern being the deepest, with a maximum depth of . The Otranto Sill, an underwater ridge, is located at the border between the Adriatic and Ionian Seas. The prevailing currents flow counterclockwise from the Strait of Otranto, along the eastern coast and back to the strait along the western (Italian) coast. Tidal movements in the Adriatic are slight, although larger amplitudes are known to occur occasionally. The Adriatic's salinity is lower than the Mediterranean's because the Adriatic collects a third of the fresh water flowing into the Mediterranean, acting as a dilution basin. The surface water temperatures generally range from in summer to in winter, significantly moderating the Adriatic Basin's climate.", "France, officially the French Republic, is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The European, or metropolitan, area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. France spans and had a total population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017. It is a unitary semi-presidential republic with the capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Other major urban centres include Marseille, Lyon, Lille, Nice, Toulouse and Bordeaux.", "A mediterranean climate or dry summer climate is the climate typical of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin. The lands around the Mediterranean Sea form the largest area where this climate type is found, but it also is found in most of coastal California, in parts of Western and South Australia, in southwestern South Africa, sections of Central Asia, and in central Chile.", "The Province of Bari was a province in the Apulia region of Italy. Its capital was the city of Bari.", "Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a federal republic in Europe. It consists of 26 cantons, and the city of Bern is the seat of the federal authorities. \nThe country is situated in Western-Central Europe, and is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland is a landlocked country geographically divided between the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura, spanning an area of . While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, the Swiss population of approximately eight million people is concentrated mostly on the plateau, where the largest cities are to be found: among them are the two global cities and economic centres Zürich and Geneva.", "Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a unitary parliamentary republic in Europe. Located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea, Italy shares open land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, San Marino and Vatican City. Italy covers an area of and has a largely temperate seasonal climate and Mediterranean climate; due to its shape, it is often referred to in Italy as \"lo Stivale\" (the Boot). With 61 million inhabitants, it is the fourth most populous EU member state.", "The Ionian Sea (, , ) is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea, south of the Adriatic Sea. It is bounded by southern Italy including Calabria, Sicily, and the Salento peninsula to the west, southern Albania to the north, and the west coast of Greece.", "Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: , abbr.: \"RS\"), is a nation state in southern Central Europe, located at the crossroads of main European cultural and trade routes. It is bordered by Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the south and southeast, and the Adriatic Sea to the southwest. It covers and has a population of 2.06 million. It is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations, European Union, and NATO. The capital and largest city is Ljubljana.", "A boot is a type of footwear and a specific type of shoe. Most boots mainly cover the foot and the ankle, while some also cover some part of the lower calf. Some boots extend up the leg, sometimes as far as the knee or even the hip. Most boots have a heel that is clearly distinguishable from the rest of the sole, even if the two are made of one piece. Traditionally made of leather or rubber, modern boots are made from a variety of materials. Boots are worn both for their functionality protecting the foot and leg from water, extreme cold, mud or hazards (e.g., work boots may protect wearers from chemicals or use a steel toe) or providing additional ankle support for strenuous activities with added traction requirements (e.g., hiking) and for reasons of style and fashion.", "An administrative division, unit, entity, area or region, also referred to as a subnational entity, constituent unit, or country subdivision, is a portion of a country or other region delineated for the purpose of administration. Administrative divisions are granted a certain degree of autonomy and are usually required to manage themselves through their own local governments. Countries are divided up into these smaller units to make managing their land and the affairs of their people easier. For example, a country may be divided into provinces, which, in turn, are divided into counties, which, in turn, may be divided in whole or in part into municipalities; and so on.", "Itria Valley (in Italian: Valle d'Itria) is an area located in Apulia (in Italian: \"Puglia\") region, in Southern Italy.\nItria Valley spreads over Province of Bari, Province of Brindisi and Province of Taranto, and coincide with the lower part of Murgia upland (Low Murgia).\nThe towns of Martina Franca, Locorotondo, Cisternino and Ceglie Messapica overlook Itria Valley.\n\"Valley\" is an inaccurate term, because Itria Valley has not the typical conformation of mountain area valleys: it is just a depression due to karstic phenomena.", "The Province of Brindisi is a province in the Apulia region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Brindisi. It has an area of and a total population of 401,652 (2013).", "The Mediterranean Sea (pronounced ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant. The sea is sometimes considered a part of the Atlantic Ocean, although it is usually identified as a separate body of water.", "The word township is used to refer to various kinds of settlements in different countries. While a \"township\" may be associated with an urban area, there are many exceptions to this rule. In Australia, Canada, and the United States, they may be settlements too small to be considered urban.\nAustralia.\nIn Australia, the designation of \"township\" traditionally refers to a small town or a small community in a rural district; such a place in Britain might qualify as a village or a hamlet. The term refers purely to the settlement; it does not refer to a unit of government; townships are governed as part of a larger (e.g., shire or city) council.", "Taranto (early Italian: \"Tarento\" from ; Ancient Greek: \"Tars\"; Modern Greek: \"Tarantas\"; Tarantino \"Tarde\") is a coastal city in Apulia, Southern Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Taranto and is an important commercial port as well as the main Italian naval base.", "Cisternino is a \"comune\" in the province of Brindisi in Apulia, on the coast of south-eastern Italy, approximately north-west of the city of Brindisi. Its main economic activities are tourism, the growing of olives and grapes, and dairy farming.", "Apulia ( Apoulia) is a region of Italy in Southern Italy bordering the Adriatic Sea in the east, the Ionian Sea to the southeast, and the Strait of Òtranto and Gulf of Taranto in the south. Its southernmost portion, known as the Salento peninsula, forms a \"stiletto\" on the \"boot\" of Italy. The region comprises , and its population is about 4 million." ]

[ "abruzzo", "africa", "anatolia", "apulia", "atlantic ocean", "australia", "bari", "basilicata", "basin", "belgium", "bern", "bordeaux", "brindisi", "california", "campania", "canada", "center", "central", "cisternino", "district", "estonia", "europe", "european union", "finland", "france", "germany", "greece", "gulf", "ireland", "italy", "lazio", "lille", "ljubljana", "marseille", "martina franca", "molise", "montenegro", "most", "nice", "northwest", "of", "otranto", "po", "portugal", "province of bari", "province of taranto", "rhine", "rome", "san marino", "slovenia", "south", "switzerland", "taranto", "upland", "valle", "vatican city" ]

[ "Bordeaux (Gascon Occitan: \"\") is a port city on the Garonne River in the Gironde department in southwestern France.", "Montgermont ( Breton : Menezgervant , Gallo : Monjèrmont ) is a commune in the Ille - et - Vilaine department of Brittany in northwestern France .", "The English Channel (\"the Sleeve\" [hence ] \"Sea of Brittany\" \"British Sea\"), also called simply the Channel, is the body of water that separates southern England from northern France, and joins the southern part of the North Sea to the rest of the Atlantic Ocean.", "Ille-et-Vilaine is a department of France, located in the region of Brittany in the northwest of the country.", "Europe is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia. Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. To the east and southeast, Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Yet the non-oceanic borders of Europea concept dating back to classical antiquityare arbitrary. The primarily physiographic term \"continent\" as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent's current overland boundaries.", "A republic (from ) is a sovereign state, country, or government which is organized with a form of government in which power resides in elected individuals representing the citizen body and government leaders exercise power according to the rule of law. In modern times, the definition of a republic commonly refers to a government which excludes a monarch. Currently, 147 of the world's 206 sovereign states use the word \"republic\" as part of their official names; not all of these are republics in the sense of having elected governments, nor do all nations with elected governments use the word \"republic\" in their names.", "The Mediterranean Sea (pronounced ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant. The sea is sometimes considered a part of the Atlantic Ocean, although it is usually identified as a separate body of water.", "Toulouse is the capital city of the southwestern French department of Haute-Garonne, as well as of the Occitanie region. The city lies on the banks of the River Garonne, from the Mediterranean Sea, from the Atlantic Ocean, and from Paris. It is the fourth-largest city in France with 466,297 inhabitants in January 2014. \nThe Toulouse Metro area is, with 1 312 304 inhabitants as of 2014, France's 4th metropolitan area after Paris, Lyon and Marseille and ahead of Lille and Bordeaux.", "Paris (French: ) is the capital and most populous city of France. It has an area of and a population in 2013 of 2,229,621 within its administrative limits. The city is both a commune and department, and forms the centre and headquarters of the Île-de-France, or Paris Region, which has an area of and a population in 2014 of 12,005,077, comprising 18.2 percent of the population of France.", "The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about . It covers approximately 20 percent of the Earth's surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area. It separates the \"Old World\" from the \"New World\".", "The Ille is a small river in Brittany, France, right tributary of the river Vilaine. It flows into the Vilaine in the city Rennes.", "Lille is a city in northern France, in French Flanders. On the Deûle River, near France's border with Belgium, it is the capital of the Hauts-de-France region and the prefecture of the Nord department.", "The Rhine (, , ) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the \nSwiss-Austrian, Swiss-Liechtenstein, Swiss-German and then the Franco-German border, then flows through the Rhineland and eventually empties into the North Sea in the Netherlands. \nThe largest city on the river Rhine is Cologne, Germany, with a population of more than 1,050,000 people. It is the second-longest river in Central and Western Europe (after the Danube), at about , with an average discharge of about .", "France, officially the French Republic, is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The European, or metropolitan, area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. France spans and had a total population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017. It is a unitary semi-presidential republic with the capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Other major urban centres include Marseille, Lyon, Lille, Nice, Toulouse and Bordeaux.", "The euro (sign: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of the eurozone, which consists of 19 of the member states of the European Union: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain. The currency is also officially used by the institutions of the European Union and four other European countries, as well as unilaterally by two others, and is consequently used daily by some 337 million Europeans . Outside of Europe, a number of overseas territories of EU members also use the euro as their currency.", "The term cult usually refers to a social group defined by their religious, spiritual, or philosophical beliefs, or common interest in a particular personality, object or goal. The term itself is controversial and has divergent definitions in popular culture and in academia and has been an ongoing source of contention among scholars across several fields of study. In the sociological classifications of religious movements, a cult is a social group with socially deviant or novel beliefs and practices, although this is often unclear. Other researchers present a less-organized picture of cults on the basis that cults arise spontaneously around novel beliefs and practices. The word \"cult\" has always been controversial because it is (in a pejorative sense) considered a subjective term, used as an \"ad hominem\" attack against groups with differing doctrines or practices. Cults range in size from local groups with a few members to international organizations with millions.", "Brittany ( pronounced or ; Gallo: \"Bertaèyn\", pronounced ) is a cultural region in the north-west of France. Covering the western part of Armorica, as it was known during the period of Roman occupation, Brittany subsequently became an independent kingdom and then a duchy before being united with the Kingdom of France in 1532 as a province governed as if it were a separate nation under the crown. Brittany has also been referred to as \"Less\", \"Lesser\" or \"Little\" Britain (as opposed to \"Great Britain\"). It is bordered by the English Channel to the north, the Celtic Sea and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Bay of Biscay to the south. Its land area is 34,023 km² .", "Lyon or (more archaically) Lyons (or ) is a city in east-central France, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, about from Paris and from Marseille. Inhabitants of the city are called \"Lyonnais\".", "The Vilaine is a river in Brittany, in the west of France. The river's source is in the Mayenne \"département\" (53), and flows out in the Atlantic Ocean at Pénestin in the Morbihan \"département\" (56). It is 218 km long. The river is joined to the Ille and the Rance by means of the Canal d'Ille-et-Rance by the commune of Rennes.", "Nice (; Niçard , classical norm, or \"\", nonstandard, ) is the fifth most populous city in France and the capital of the Alpes-Maritimes \"département\". The urban area of Nice extends beyond the administrative city limits, with a population of about 1 million on an area of . Located in the French Riviera, on the south east coast of France on the Mediterranean Sea, at the foot of the Alps, Nice is the second-largest French city on the Mediterranean coast and the second-largest city in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region after Marseille. Nice is about 13 kilometres (8 miles) from the principality of Monaco, and its airport is a gateway to the principality as well.", "The North Sea is a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean located between Great Britain, Scandinavia, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France. An epeiric (or \"shelf\") sea on the European continental shelf, it connects to the ocean through the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian Sea in the north. It is more than long and wide, with an area of around .", "French Guiana (pronounced or ), officially called Guiana, is an overseas department and region of France, located on the north Atlantic coast of South America in the Guyanas. It borders Brazil to the east and south, and Suriname to the west. Its area has a very low population density of only 3 inhabitants per km, with half of its 244,118 inhabitants in 2013 living in the metropolitan area of Cayenne, its capital. By land area, it is the second largest region of France and the largest outermost region within the European Union." ]

[ "arctic ocean", "as", "asia", "atlantic ocean", "austria", "auvergne", "belgium", "biscay", "bordeaux", "brazil", "brittany", "centre", "cologne", "east", "england", "english channel", "estonia", "europe", "european union", "finland", "france", "french guiana", "graubünden", "island", "liechtenstein", "lies", "lille", "luxembourg", "lyon", "lyons", "mayenne", "mediterranean sea", "morbihan", "most", "netherlands", "nice", "north sea", "northwest", "old", "paris", "port", "rennes", "rhône", "slovakia", "south", "this", "toulouse" ]

[ "Prue Clarke is a British actress . She first appeared on screen in 1974 's Fall of Eagles . Since then her television credits have included Casualty , The Cleopatras , Doctors , Down to Earth , Holby City , Love Hurts and Midsomer Murders .", "BBC One is the flagship television channel of the British Broadcasting Corporation in the United Kingdom, Isle of Man and Channel Islands. It was launched on 2 November 1936 as the BBC Television Service, and was the world's first regular television service with a high level of image resolution. It was renamed BBC TV in 1960, using this name until the launch of sister channel BBC2 in 1964, whereupon the BBC TV channel became known as BBC1, with the current spelling adopted in 1997.", "Entertainment is a form of activity that holds the attention and interest of an audience, or gives pleasure and delight. It can be an idea or a task, but is more likely to be one of the activities or events that have developed over thousands of years specifically for the purpose of keeping an audience's attention. Although people's attention is held by different things, because individuals have different preferences in entertainment, most forms are recognisable and familiar. Storytelling, music, drama, dance, and different kinds of performance exist in all cultures, were supported in royal courts, developed into sophisticated forms and over time became available to all citizens. The process has been accelerated in modern times by an entertainment industry that records and sells entertainment products. Entertainment evolves and can be adapted to suit any scale, ranging from an individual who chooses a private entertainment from a now enormous array of pre-recorded products; to a banquet adapted for two; to any size or type of party, with appropriate music and dance; to performances intended for thousands; and even for a global audience.", "Philip Mackie (26 November 1918 23 December 1985) was a British film and television screenwriter. He was born in Salford in Lancashire, England. He graduated in 1939 from University College London and worked for the Ministry of Information Films Division which began a career in film.", "Advertising is an audio or visual form of marketing communication that employs an openly sponsored, nonpersonal message to promote or sell a product, service or idea. Sponsors of advertising are often businesses who wish to promote their products or services. Advertising is differentiated from public relations in that an advertiser usually pays for and has control over the message. It is differentiated from personal selling in that the message is nonpersonal, i.e., not directed to a particular individual.\nAdvertising is communicated through various mass media, including old media such as newspapers, magazines, Television, Radio, outdoor advertising or direct mail; or new media such as search results, blogs, websites or text messages. The actual presentation of the message in a medium is referred to as an advertisement or \"ad\".", "A television program is a segment of content intended for broadcast on over-the-air, cable television, or Internet television, other than a commercial, trailer, or any other segment of content not serving as attraction for viewership. It may be a single production, or more commonly, a series of related productions (also called a television series or a television show).", "NeWS (Network extensible Window System) is a discontinued windowing system developed by Sun Microsystems in the mid-1980s. Originally known as \"SunDew\", its primary authors were James Gosling and David S. H. Rosenthal. The NeWS interpreter was based on PostScript (as was the later Display PostScript, although the two projects were otherwise unrelated) extending it to allow interaction and multiple \"contexts\" to support windows. Like PostScript, NeWS could be used as a complete programming language, but unlike PostScript, NeWS could be used to make complete interactive programs with mouse support and a GUI.", "Fall of Eagles is a 13-part British television drama aired by the BBC in 1974. The series was created by John Elliot and produced by Stuart Burge.", "\"Love Hurts\" is a song written and composed by the American songwriting duo Felice and Boudleaux Bryant. First recorded by The Everly Brothers in July 1960, the song is also well known from a 1975 international hit version by the Scottish hard rock band Nazareth and in the UK by a top five hit in 1975 by the English singer Jim Capaldi.", "Stuart Burge (15 January 1918 - 24 January 2002) was an English film director, actor and producer.", "Television or TV is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome (black-and-white), or in color, and in two or three dimensions and sound. It can refer to a television set, a television program (\"TV show\"), or the medium of television transmission. Television is a mass medium, for entertainment, education, news, and advertising.", "The Ptolemaic dynasty (\"Ptolemaioi\"), sometimes also known as the Lagids or Lagidae (\"Lagidai\", after Lagus, Ptolemy I's father), was a Macedonian royal family, originating from Macedon, which ruled the Ptolemaic Kingdom in Egypt during the Hellenistic period. Their rule lasted for 275 years, from 305 to 30 BC. They were the last dynasty of ancient Egypt.", "Monochrome describes paintings, drawings, design, or photographs in one color or values of one color. A monochromatic object or image reflects colors in shades of limited colors or hues. Images using only shades of grey (with or without black or white) are called grayscale or black-and-white. However, scientifically speaking, monochromatic light refers to visible light of a narrow band of wavelengths (see spectral color).", "A television set, more commonly called a television, TV, TV set, television receiver, or telly, is a device that combines a tuner, display, and loudspeakers for the purpose of viewing television. Introduced in the late 1920s in mechanical form, television sets became a popular consumer product after World War II in electronic form, using cathode ray tubes. The addition of color to broadcast television after 1953 further increased the popularity of television sets in the 1960s, and an outdoor antenna became a common feature of suburban homes. The ubiquitous television set became the display device for the first recorded media in the 1970s, such as Betamax, VHS and later DVD. It was also the display device for the first generation of home computers (e.g., Timex Sinclair 1000) and video game consoles (e.g., Atari) in the 1980s. In the 2010s flat panel television incorporating liquid-crystal displays, especially LED-backlit LCDs, largely replaced cathode ray tubes and other displays.", "Neil Dudgeon (born 2 January 1961) is an English actor who, from 2011, has played DCI John Barnaby in the ITV drama series \"Midsomer Murders\". He replaced the retired John Nettles in the lead role.", "BBC Television is a service of the British Broadcasting Corporation. The corporation has operated in the United Kingdom under the terms of a royal charter since 1927. It produced television programmes from its own studios since 1932, although the start of its regular service of television broadcasts is dated to 2 November 1936.", "Holby City styled as HOLBY CIY is a British medical drama television series that airs weekly on BBC One.", "Detective Chief Inspector Thomas Geoffrey \"Tom\" Barnaby (born 20 April 1943) is a fictional detective created by Caroline Graham and was one of the main characters in the ITV drama \"Midsomer Murders\".", "Holby is a fictional city in the United Kingdom, the setting for the BBC medical dramas \"Casualty\" and \"Holby City\", and the police drama \"HolbyBlue\". It is based on the real city of Bristol, where \"Casualty\" was formerly filmed, and is notionally located in the fictional county of Wyvern in South West England, not far from the border with Wales. While \"Casualty\" has been filmed in Cardiff since 2011, \"Holby City\" is filmed in Elstree, Hertfordshire. Both shows are set in the same fictional Holby City Hospital. Holby has an airport called Holby International.", "The Cleopatras was a 1983 BBC Television eight-part historical drama serial. Written by Philip Mackie, it is set in Ancient Egypt during the latter part of the Ptolemaic Dynasty with an emphasis on the Cleopatras. Intended to be the \"I, Claudius\" of the 1980s, \"The Cleopatras\" met with a decidedly mixed critical reaction. It was regarded and portrayed as a gaudy farce.", "The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster. It is headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, is the world's oldest national broadcasting organisation, and is the largest broadcaster in the world by number of employees, with over 20,950 staff in total, of whom 16,672 are in public sector broadcasting; including part-time, flexible as well as fixed contract staff, the total number is 35,402.", "Anthony Horowitz, OBE (born 5 April 1955) is an English novelist and screenwriter specialising in mystery and suspense. His work for young adult readers includes \"The Diamond Brothers\" series, the \"Alex Rider\" series, and \"The Power of Five\" series (a.k.a. \"The Gatekeepers\"). His work for adults includes the novel and play \"Mindgame\" (2001), and two Sherlock Holmes novels \"The House of Silk\" (2011) and \"Moriarty\" (2014). He is the most recent author chosen to write a James Bond novel by the Ian Fleming estate, titled \"Trigger Mortis\" (2015).", "Midsomer Murders is a British television detective drama that has aired on ITV since 1997. The show is based on Caroline Graham's \"Chief Inspector Barnaby\" book series, as originally adapted by Anthony Horowitz. The current lead character is DCI John Barnaby (Neil Dudgeon), who works for Causton CID. Dudgeon's character is the younger cousin of former lead character DCI Tom Barnaby (John Nettles). Dudgeon first appeared as randy gardener Daniel Bolt in the Series 4 episode \"Garden of Death\". Dudgeon permanently joined the show in 2011 following Nettles' departure.", "Caroline Graham (born 17 July 1931) is an English playwright, screenwriter and novelist.", "John Vivian Drummond Nettles, OBE (born 11 October 1943) is an English actor and writer. Nettles is perhaps best known for playing the lead roles in the long-running television series \"Bergerac\" and \"Midsomer Murders\".", "Nicola James \"Jim\" Capaldi (2 August 1944 28 January 2005) was an English drummer, singer and songwriter. His musical career spanned more than four decades. He co-founded the psychedelic rock band Traffic in 1967 with Steve Winwood with whom he co-wrote the majority of the band's output. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a part of Traffic's original line-up." ]

[ "actor", "advertising", "band", "broadcaster", "detective", "director", "drummer", "entertainment", "father", "game", "gardener", "inspector", "interpreter", "marketing", "ministry", "novelist", "playwright", "police", "public relations", "public service", "radio", "singer", "television", "united kingdom" ]

[ "Southern California, often abbreviated as SoCal, is a geographic and cultural region that generally comprises California's 10 southernmost counties. The region is traditionally described as eight counties, based on demographics and economic ties: Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, and Ventura. The more extensive 10-county definition, which includes Kern and San Luis Obispo counties, is also used based on historical political divisions. Southern California is a major economic center for the state of California and the United States.", "Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a sovereign state largely located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe, with two large archipelagos, the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands off the North African Atlantic coast, two cities Ceuta and Melilla in the North African mainland and several small islands in the Alboran Sea near the Moroccan coast. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean. It is the only European country to have a border with an African country (Morocco) and its African territory accounts for nearly 5% of its population, mostly in the Canary Islands but also in Ceuta and Melilla.", "Paulo de Sacadura Cabral Portas (born 12 September 1962), is a prominent Portuguese media and political figure, who has, since the 1990s, been Portugal's leading conservative politician. He was the leader of Portugal's only politically to-the-right major party, the CDS People's Party (CDS-PP) from 1998-2005 and 2007-2016, on whose lists he was elected to the Portuguese Parliament in every legislative election between 1995 and 2015. He was Deputy Prime Minister from 2013 to 2015, Minister of State and Foreign Affairs from 2011 to 2013, and Minister of Defence from 2002 to 2005, all three times in coalitions of the PSD and his CDS-PP. He has been dogged by controversy, in particular a costly purchase of submarines to the Portuguese Navy when he was Minister of Defence.", "The Portuguese Navy (also known as \"Marinha de Guerra Portuguesa\" or as \"Armada Portuguesa\") is the naval branch of the Portuguese Armed Forces which, in cooperation and integrated with the other branches of the Portuguese military, is charged with the military defense of Portugal. The Portuguese Navy also participates in missions related with international commitments assumed by Portugal (mainly within NATO), as well as missions of civil interest.", "Devin Gerald Nunes , OIH , ( born October 1 , 1973 ) is the U.S. Representative for California 's 22nd congressional district , serving since 2003 . He is the twelfth and , at 42 years old , youngest Member of Congress in history to serve as chairman of the United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence . Nunes ' district , numbered as the 21st from 2003 to 2013 , is in the San Joaquin Valley and includes most of western Tulare County and much of eastern Fresno County . He is a member of the Republican Party . Nunes is the author of Restoring the Republic , published by WND Books in September 2010 . Time magazine named him one of the `` 40 under 40 '' rising stars of American politics -- their top forty civic leaders under 40 years old . The former deputy prime minister of Portugal , Paulo Portas , described Nunes as `` one of the eight most influential statesmen '' in America . Nunes is a member of two top House committees : Ways and Means , where he was chairman of the Subcommittee on Trade , and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence , of which he is chairman . He was co-chair of the Brazil Caucus and the U.S. - Mexico Friendship Caucus .", "The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million. The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states. EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital within the internal market, enact legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries, and regional development. Within the Schengen Area, passport controls have been abolished. A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002, and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency.", "A U.S. state is a constituent political entity of the United States of America. There are 50 states, which are bound together in a union with each other. Each state holds administrative jurisdiction over a defined geographic territory, and shares its sovereignty with the United States federal government. Due to the shared sovereignty between each state and the federal government, Americans are citizens of both the federal republic and of the state in which they reside. State citizenship and residency are flexible, and no government approval is required to move between states, except for persons covered by certain types of court orders (e.g., paroled convicts and children of divorced spouses who are sharing custody).", "A republic (from ) is a sovereign state, country, or government which is organized with a form of government in which power resides in elected individuals representing the citizen body and government leaders exercise power according to the rule of law. In modern times, the definition of a republic commonly refers to a government which excludes a monarch. Currently, 147 of the world's 206 sovereign states use the word \"republic\" as part of their official names; not all of these are republics in the sense of having elected governments, nor do all nations with elected governments use the word \"republic\" in their names.", "The Iberian Peninsula , also known as Iberia , is located in the southwest corner of Europe. The peninsula is principally divided between Portugal and Spain, comprising most of their territory. It also includes Andorra and a small part of France along the peninsula's northeastern edge, as well as Gibraltar on its south coast, a small peninsula which forms an overseas territory of the United Kingdom. With an area of approximately , it is the second largest European peninsula, after the Scandinavian.", "The San Joaquin Valley is the area of the Central Valley of the U.S. state of California that lies south of the SacramentoSan Joaquin River Delta and is drained by the San Joaquin River. It comprises seven Northern California countiesall of Kings County; a majority of Fresno, Merced, Stanislaus counties; segments of Madera and Tulare countiesand all of Kern County, in Southern California. Although a majority of the valley is rural, it does contain urban cities such as Fresno, Bakersfield, Stockton, Modesto, Turlock, Porterville, Visalia, Merced, and Hanford.", "Portugal (Portuguese: ), officially the Portuguese Republic (Portuguese: ), is a country on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe. It is the westernmost country of mainland Europe. To the west and south it is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean and to the east and north by Spain. The PortugalSpain border is long and considered the longest uninterrupted border within the European Union. The republic also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira, both autonomous regions with their own regional governments.", "The United States Intelligence Community (IC) is a federation of 16 separate United States government agencies that work separately and together to conduct intelligence activities considered necessary for the conduct of foreign relations and national security of the United States. Member organizations of the IC include intelligence agencies, military intelligence, and civilian intelligence and analysis offices within federal executive departments. The IC is headed by the Director of National Intelligence (DNI), who reports to the President of the United States.", "The United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, also known as the House Intelligence Committee, is a committee of the United States House of Representatives, currently chaired by Devin Nunes. It is the primary committee in the U.S. House of Representatives charged with the oversight of the United States Intelligence Community, though it does share some jurisdiction with other committees in the House, including the Armed Services Committee for some matters dealing with the Department of Defense and the various branches of the U.S. military." ]

[ "director", "justice", "major", "member", "military", "official", "politician", "prime minister", "sovereign", "united kingdom", "united states of america" ]

[ "The New York Dolls were an American hard rock band formed in New York City in 1971. Along with the Velvet Underground and the Stooges, they were one of the first bands of the early punk rock scenes. Although their original line-up fell apart quickly, the band's first two albums\"New York Dolls\" (1973) and \"Too Much Too Soon\" (1974)became among the most popular cult records in rock. The line-up at this time comprised vocalist David Johansen, guitarist Johnny Thunders, bassist Arthur Kane, guitarist and pianist Sylvain Sylvain, and drummer Jerry Nolan; the latter two had replaced Rick Rivets and Billy Murcia, respectively, in 1972. On stage, they donned an androgynous wardrobe, wearing high heels, eccentric hats, and satin. Nolan described the group in 1974 as \"the Dead End Kids of today\".", "Flesh for Lulu was a rock band formed in Brixton, London active between 1982 and 1992. They reformed from 2013 to 2015 with a new lineup. Their music was a mix of the New York Dolls and Rolling Stones, with gothic rock's gloomy atmosphere and aesthetics, while also encompassing shades of punk, pop, country and western, Marc Bolan, David Bowie, rockabilly and garage.", "Brixton is a district of London, located in the borough of Lambeth in south London. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.", "Punk rock (or simply \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the early to mid 1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock. Punk bands typically use short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics. Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through informal channels.", "`` I Go Crazy '' is a song by British alternative rock band Flesh for Lulu from their third studio album Long Live the New Flesh ( 1987 ) . An American college rock radio hit , the song gained prominence through its inclusion on the soundtrack to the 1987 film Some Kind of Wonderful .", "Marc Bolan (pron. ; born Mark Feld; 30 September 1947  16 September 1977) was an English singer-songwriter, musician, guitarist, and poet. He was best known as the lead singer of the glam rock band T. Rex. Bolan was one of the first pioneers of the glam rock movement of the 1970s. He died at age 29 in a car accident in September 1977, a fortnight before his 30th birthday.", "College rock was the alternative rock music played on student-run university and college campus radio stations located in the United States and Canada in the 1980s. The stations' playlists were often created by students who avoided the mainstream rock played on commercial radio stations.", "Independent music (often shortened to indie music or indie) is music produced independently from major commercial record labels or their subsidiaries, a process that may include an autonomous, do-it-yourself approach to recording and publishing. The term \"indie\" is sometimes also used to describe a genre (such as indie rock and indie pop); as a genre term, \"indie\" may include music that is not independently produced, and most independent music artists do not fall into a single, defined musical style or genre, and usually create music that can be categorized into other genres.", "David Robert Jones (8 January 1947 10 January 2016), known professionally as David Bowie, was an English singer, songwriter and actor. He was a figure in popular music for over five decades, regarded by critics and musicians as an innovator, particularly for his work in the 1970s. His career was marked by reinvention and visual presentation, his music and stagecraft significantly influencing popular music. During his lifetime, his record sales, estimated at 140 million worldwide, made him one of the world's best-selling music artists. In the UK, he was awarded nine platinum album certifications, eleven gold and eight silver, releasing eleven number-one albums. In the US, he received five platinum and seven gold certifications. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996. ", "Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative) is a genre of rock music that emerged from the independent music underground of the 1980s and became widely popular in the 1990s and 2000s. In this instance, the word \"alternative\" refers to the genre's distinction from mainstream rock music. The term's original meaning was broader, referring to a generation of musicians unified by their collective debt to either the musical style or simply the independent, D.I.Y. ethos of punk rock, which in the late 1970s laid the groundwork for alternative music. At times, \"alternative\" has been used as a catch-all description for music from underground rock artists that receives mainstream recognition, or for any music, whether rock or not, that is seen to be descended from punk rock (including some examples of punk itself, as well as new wave, and post-punk).", "Rock music is a genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and the United States. It has its roots in 1940s' and 1950s' rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical sources.", "Post-punk (originally \"new musick\") is a broad type of rock music that emerged from the punk movement of the 1970s, in which artists departed from punk rock's raw, accessible style to pursue a variety of avant-garde sensibilities. Attempting to break from rock tradition, post-punk artists experimented with sources such as electronic music, black dance music and the avant-garde, as well as novel recording technology and production techniques. The movement also saw the frequent intersection of music with art and politics, as artists incorporated ideas from sources such as modernist literature, critical theory, cinema, and performance art. Accompanying these musical developments were communities that produced independent record labels, visual art, multimedia performances and fanzines in conjunction with the music.", "London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom, as well as the most populous city proper in the European Union. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by the Romans, who named it \"Londinium\". London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its medieval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, \"London\" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which today largely makes up Greater London, governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly.", "Campus radio (also known as college radio, university radio or student radio) is a type of radio station that is run by the students of a college, university or other educational institution. Programming may be exclusively by students, or may include programmers from the wider community in which the radio station is based. Sometimes campus radio stations are operated for the purpose of training professional radio personnel, sometimes with the aim of broadcasting educational programming, while other radio stations exist to provide an alternative to commercial broadcasting or government broadcasters." ]

[ "accident", "aesthetics", "age", "album", "atmosphere", "band", "broadcasting", "campus", "campus radio", "capital", "city", "collective", "college", "community", "country", "description", "district", "eight", "england", "five", "generation", "genre", "group", "hall", "institution", "intersection", "island", "january", "literature", "lyrics", "music", "music genre", "musical", "new wave", "presentation", "production", "professional", "programming", "punk rock", "radio", "rock", "september", "seven", "singing", "single", "stage", "station", "student", "term", "time", "tradition", "training", "two", "union", "variety", "work" ]

[ "Heracles ( \"Hrakls\", from \"Hra\", \"Hera\"), born Alcaeus (\"Alkaios\") or Alcides (\"Alkeids\"), was a divine hero in Greek mythology, the son of Zeus and Alcmene, foster son of Amphitryon and great-grandson and half-brother (as they are both sired by the god Zeus) of Perseus. He was the greatest of the Greek heroes, a paragon of masculinity, the ancestor of royal clans who claimed to be Heracleidae and a champion of the Olympian order against chthonic monsters. In Rome and the modern West, he is known as Hercules, with whom the later Roman emperors, in particular Commodus and Maximian, often identified themselves. The Romans adopted the Greek version of his life and works essentially unchanged, but added anecdotal detail of their own, some of it linking the hero with the geography of the Central Mediterranean. Details of his cult were adapted to Rome as well.", "In Greek mythology, Cretheus (\"Krtheus\") was the king and founder of Iolcus, the son of Aeolus (son of Hellen) and Enarete. His wives were Tyro and either Demodice or Biadice. With Tyro, he fathered Aeson, Pheres, and Amythaon. He also had several daughters, namely Hippolyte, future wife of Acastus (otherwise known as Astydameia); Myrina, who married Thoas; and an unnamed daughter, who became the mother of Asterius by Teutamus.", "Telephassa (\"far-shining\"), also spelled Telephaassa and Telephe, is a lunar epithet in Greek mythology that is sometimes substituted for Argiope the wife of Agenor, according to his name a \"leader of men\" in Phoenicia, and mother of Cadmus. In some versions she is the daughter of Nilus, god of the Nile and Nephele, a soft cloud oceanid. She had several children, including Europa, Cilix, Cadmus, Thasus, who gave his name to an island next to Samothrace, and Phoenix. Thasus is sometimes said to be her grandchild by Cilix. Her husband was Agenor or perhaps Phoenix in a version in which Cadmus and Europa and their brothers are children of Phoenix (see Agenor and Phoenix).", "In Greek mythology, Canace was a daughter of Aeolus and Enarete, and lover of Poseidon. Her brothers were Athamas, Cretheus, Deioneus, Magnes, Perieres, Salmoneus and Sisyphus. Her sisters were Alcyone, Arne, Calyce, Peisidice, Perimede and Tanagra. With Poseidon, she was the mother of Aloeus, Epopeus, Hopleus, Nireus and Triopas.", "Poseidon (Greek: ) was one of the twelve Olympian deities of the pantheon in Greek mythology. His main domain was the ocean, and he is called the \"God of the Sea\". Additionally, he is referred to as \"Earth-Shaker\" due to his role in causing earthquakes, and has been called the \"tamer of horses\". He is usually depicted as an older male with curly hair and a beard.", "In Greek mythology Phrixus (also spelt Phryxus \"Phrixos\") was the son of Athamas, king of Boeotia, and Nephele (a goddess of clouds). His twin sister Helle and he were hated by their stepmother, Ino. Ino hatched a devious plot to get rid of the twins, roasting all of Boeotia's crop seeds so they would not grow. The local farmers, frightened of famine, asked a nearby oracle for assistance. Ino bribed the men sent to the oracle to lie and tell the others that the oracle required the sacrifice of Phrixus and Helle. Before they were killed, though, Phrixus and Helle were rescued by a flying, or swimming, ram with golden wool sent by Nephele, their natural mother; their starting point is variously recorded as Halos in Thessaly and Orchomenus in Boeotia. During their flight Helle swooned, fell off the ram and drowned in the Dardanelles, renamed the Hellespont (sea of Helle), but Phrixus survived all the way to Colchis, where King Aeëtes, the son of the sun god Helios, took him in and treated him kindly, giving Phrixus his daughter, Chalciope, in marriage. In gratitude, Phrixus sacrificed the ram to Zeus and gave the king the golden fleece of the ram, which Aeëtes hung in a tree in the holy grove of Ares in his kingdom, guarded by a dragon that never slept.", "In Greek mythology, Cadmus ; \"Kadmos\"), was the founder and first king of Thebes. Cadmus was the first Greek hero and, alongside Perseus and Bellerophon, the greatest hero and slayer of monsters before the days of Heracles. Initially a Phoenician prince, son of king Agenor and queen Telephassa of Tyre and the brother of Phoenix, Cilix and Europa, he was originally sent by his royal parents to seek out and escort his sister Europa back to Tyre after she was abducted from the shores of Phoenicia by Zeus. Cadmus founded the Greek city of Thebes, the acropolis of which was originally named \"Cadmeia\" in his honour.", "Ancient Greece was a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th-9th centuries BC to the end of antiquity (AD). Immediately following this period was the beginning of the Early Middle Ages and the Byzantine era. Roughly three centuries after the Late Bronze Age collapse of Mycenaean Greece, Greek urban poleis began to form in the 8th century BC, ushering in the period of Archaic Greece and colonization of the Mediterranean Basin. This was followed by the period of Classical Greece, an era that began with the Greco-Persian Wars, lasting from the 5th to 4th centuries BC. Due to the conquests by Alexander the Great of Macedonia, Hellenistic civilization flourished from Central Asia to the western end of the Mediterranean Sea. The Hellenistic period came to an end with the conquests and annexations of the eastern Mediterranean world by the Roman Republic, which established the Roman province of Macedonia in Roman Greece, and later the province of Achaea during the Roman Empire.", "Zeus (\"Zeús\", ; Modern , \"Días\" ) was the sky and thunder god in ancient Greek religion, who ruled as king of the gods of Mount Olympus. His name is cognate with the first element of his Roman equivalent Jupiter. His mythologies and powers are similar, though not identical to those of the Indo-European deities such as Indra, Jupiter, Perun, Thor, and Odin.", "In Greek mythology, Themisto, daughter of Hypseus, was the third and last wife of Athamas. According to some sources, she had four children by him: Leucon, Erythrius, Schoeneus, and Ptous. In other sources there were but two: Sphincius and Orchomenus, or else Schoeneus and Leucon. Some say that the father of Leucon was Poseidon (see also Leuconoe).", "In Greek mythology, Melicertes (ancient Greek , sometimes Melecertes, later called Palaemon ) is the son of the Boeotian prince Athamas and Ino, daughter of Cadmus.", "Agenor (English translation: 'heroic, manly') was in Greek mythology and history a Phoenician king of Tyre. Herodotus estimates that Agenor lived sometime before the year 2000 BC.", "Helios was a Unix-like operating system for parallel computers. It was developed and published by Perihelion Software. Its primary architecture was the Transputer. Helios' microkernel implemented a distributed namespace and messaging protocol, through which services were accessed. A POSIX compatibility library enabled the use of Unix application software, and the system provided most of the usual Unix utilities.", "Boeotia, sometimes alternatively Latinised as Beotia (or , ; modern transliteration \"Voiotía\", also \"Viotía\", formerly \"Cadmeis\"), is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Central Greece. It was also a region of ancient Greece. Its capital is Livadeia, and its largest city is Thebes.", "Bellerophon or Bellerophontes is a hero of Greek mythology. He was \"the greatest hero and slayer of monsters, alongside Cadmus and Perseus, before the days of Heracles\", and his greatest feat was killing the Chimera, a monster that Homer depicted with a lion's head, a goat's body, and a serpent's tail: \"her breath came out in terrible blasts of burning flame.\" Bellerophon was born at Corinth and was the son of the mortal Eurynome by either her husband Glaucus, or Poseidon.", "In Greek mythology , Athamas ( / æms / ; Ancient Greek : ) was a Boeotian king . He was a son of Aeolus and Enarete , and sired several children by his first wife , the goddess Nephele , and his other wives Ino and Themisto . Nephele first bore to him the twins Phrixus and Helle ; and also a third son , Makistos . He subsequently married Ino , daughter of Cadmus , with whom , he had two children : Learches and Melicertes . Phrixus and Helle were hated by their stepmother , Ino . Ino hatched a devious plot to get rid of the twins , roasting all the town 's crop seeds so they would not grow . The local farmers , frightened of famine , asked a nearby oracle for assistance . Ino bribed the men sent to the oracle to lie and tell the others that the oracle required the sacrifice of Phrixus . Athamas reluctantly agreed . Before he was killed , though , Phrixus and Helle were rescued by a flying golden ram sent by Nephele , their natural mother . Helle fell off the ram into the Hellespont ( which was named after her ) and died , but Phrixus survived all the way to Colchis , where King Aeëtes took him in and treated him kindly , giving Phrixus his daughter Chalciope in marriage . In gratitude , Phrixus gave the king the golden fleece of the ram , which Aeëtes hung in a tree in his kingdom . Later , Ino raised Dionysus , her nephew , son of her sister Semele , causing Hera 's intense jealousy . In vengeance , Hera struck Athamas with insanity . Athamas went mad and slew one of his sons , Learchus ; Ino , to escape the pursuit of her frenzied husband , threw herself into the sea with her son Melicertes . Both were afterwards worshipped as marine divinities , Ino as Leucothea , Melicertes as Palaemon . Athamas , with the guilt of his son 's murder upon him , was obliged to flee from Boeotia . He was ordered by the oracle to settle in a place where he should receive hospitality from wild beasts . This he found at Phthiotis in Thessaly , where he surprised some wolves eating sheep ; on his approach they fled , leaving him the bones . Athamas , regarding this as the fulfilment of the oracle , settled there and married a third wife , Themisto ( sons : Schoeneus , Leucon , Ptous and / or others ) . The spot was afterwards called the Athamanian plain . When Athamas returned to his second wife , Ino , Themisto sought revenge by dressing her children in white clothing and Ino 's in black . Ino switched their clothes without Themisto 's knowledge , and she killed her own children . According to some accounts , Athamas was succeeded on the throne by Presbon . A part of Kingdom of Athamas , and himself , moved west north and took roots in a part of Pindus mountains in Epirus , called Athamanean mountains . So this population today is called Athamaneans .", "Aeëtes (also spelled \"Æëtes\", \"Aits\" ) was a King of Colchis in Greek mythology, son of the sun god Helios and the Oceanid Perseis (a daughter of Oceanus), brother of Circe and Pasiphaë, and father of Medea, Chalciope and Absyrtus. The name means \"eagle\" (aietos). His consorts were Idyia and either Asterodia the Oceanid or Neaera the Nereid. According to others, he was brother of Perses, a king of Tauris, husband of his niece Hecate, and father of Medea, Chalciope and Absyrtus. Yet other versions make Aeëtes a native of Corinth and son of Ephyra, or else of a certain Antiope.", "Cilix was, according to Greek mythology, a son of Agenor and Telephassa or Argiope and brother of Cadmus, Phoenix and Europa. ", "In Greek mythology, Salmoneus was a son of Aeolus and Enarete, and brother of Athamas, Sisyphus, Cretheus, Perieres, Deioneus, Canace, Alcyone, and Perimede. Salmoneus was the father of Tyro by his first wife Alcidice, the second one being Sidero.", "In Greek mythology, Perieres was King of Messene, an ancient polis in southern Peloponnese. His parentage and offspring vary across ancient authors; in most sources, however, he was a son of Aeolus and Enarete, and husband of Gorgophone, daughter of the famous Perseus. ", "Aeolus (\"Aiolos\" , Modern Greek: ), a name shared by three mythical characters, was the ruler of the winds in Greek mythology. These three personages are often difficult to tell apart, and even the ancient mythographers appear to have been perplexed about which Aeolus was which. Diodorus Siculus made an attempt to define each of these three (although it is clear that he also became muddled), and his opinion is followed here. Briefly, the first Aeolus was a son of Hellen and eponymous founder of the Aeolian race; the second was a son of Poseidon, who led a colony to islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea; and the third Aeolus was a son of Hippotes who is mentioned in \"Odyssey\" and the \"Aeneid\" as the Keeper of the Winds. All three men named Aeolus appear to be connected genealogically, although the precise relationship, especially regarding the second and third Aeolus, is often ambiguous.", "In Greek mythology, Perseus, the legendary founder of Mycenae and of the Perseid dynasty of Danaans, was, alongside Cadmus and Bellerophon, the greatest Greek hero and slayer of monsters before the days of Heracles. Perseus beheaded the Gorgon Medusa and saved Andromeda from the sea monster Cetus. Perseus was the son of the mortal Danaë and the god Zeus. He was also the half-brother and great grandfather of Heracles.", "In Greek mythology, Enarete or Aenarete (\"Ainarete\"), daughter of Deimachus, was the wife of Aeolus and ancestor of the Aeolians. Her children were Cretheus, Sisyphus, Athamas, Salmoneus, Deion, Magnes, Perieres, Canace, Alcyone, Peisidice, Calyce, and Perimede. She may have been the mother of Arne, if the Aeolus who was her husband was the same Aeolus who fathered Arne.", "In Greek mythology, Nephele (from \"nephos\" \"cloud\"; Latinized to \"Nubes\") was a cloud nymph who figured prominently in the story of Phrixus and Helle. Nephele was also the goddess of hospitality.", "Ares is the Greek god of war. He is one of the Twelve Olympians, and the son of Zeus and Hera. In Greek literature, he often represents the physical or violent and untamed aspect of war, in contrast to his sister the armored Athena, whose functions as a goddess of intelligence include military strategy and generalship.", "In Greek mythology Sisyphus (') was the king of Ephyra (now known as Corinth). He was punished for his self-aggrandizing craftiness and deceitfulness by being forced to roll an immense boulder up a hill, only to watch it come back to hit him, repeating this action for eternity. Through the classical influence on modern culture, tasks that are both laborious and futile are therefore described as Sisyphean." ]

[ "aeson", "aeëtes", "agenor", "aiolos", "alcaeus", "alexander the great", "ares", "athamas", "cadmus", "cretheus", "helios", "hellen", "heroic", "hypseus", "jupiter", "maximian", "oceanus", "perieres", "perseus", "phrixus", "poseidon", "salmoneus", "sisyphus", "zeus" ]

[ "Afghan (Pashto also Persian: ; see \"etymology\") refers to someone or something from Afghanistan, in particular a citizen of that country. Prior to the rise of the nation as Afghanistan, it was used by Persian speakers and those influenced by the Persian language to denote the Pashtun people. In modern times, \"Afghan\" is rarely used as an ethnic term for the Pashtuns, but is rather used as the national demonym for all citizens of Afghanistan Pashtuns, Tajiks, and also a large number of Hazaras, Uzbeks, Aimaqs, Turkmens, Balochs, Nuristanis, Pashayis, Pamiris, Arabs, and others.\nAccording to the \"Encyclopædia Iranica\", the word Afghan (afn) in current political usage means any citizen of Afghanistan, regardless of their tribal or religious affiliation. According to the 1964 Constitution of Afghanistan, all Afghans are equal in rights and obligations before the law. The fourth article of the current Constitution of Afghanistan states that citizens of Afghanistan consist of Pashtuns, Tajiks, Hazara, Uzbek, Turkmen, Aymaq, Arab, Baluch, Pashayi, Nuristani, Qezelbash, Gujjars, Brahui, and members of other tribes.", "Indonesia (or ; Indonesian: ), officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a unitary sovereign state and transcontinental country located mainly in Southeast Asia with some territories in Oceania. Situated between the Indian and Pacific oceans, it is the world's largest island country, with more than seventeen thousand islands. At , Indonesia is the world's 14th-largest country in terms of land area and world's 7th-largest country in terms of combined sea and land area. It has an estimated population of over 260 million people and is the world's fourth most populous country, the most populous Austronesian nation, as well as the most populous Muslim-majority country. The world's most populous island of Java contains more than half of the country's population.", "Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked central Himalayan country in South Asia. It has a population of 26.4 million and is the 93rd largest country by area. Bordering China in the north and India in the south, east, and west, it is the largest sovereign Himalayan state. Nepal does not border Bangladesh, which is located within only 27 km (17 mi) of its southeastern tip. It neither borders Bhutan due to the Indian state of Sikkim being located in between. Nepal has a diverse geography, including fertile plains, subalpine forested hills, and eight of the world's ten tallest mountains, including Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth. Kathmandu is the nation's capital and largest city. It is a multiethnic nation with Nepali as the official language. ", "Chennai ; formerly known as Madras or ) is the capital of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal, it is one of the biggest cultural, economic and educational centres in South India. According to the 2011 Indian census, it is the sixth-largest city and fourth-most populous urban agglomeration in India. The city together with the adjoining regions constitute the Chennai Metropolitan Area, which is the 36th-largest urban area by population in the world. Chennai is among the most visited Indian cities by foreign tourists. It was ranked 43rd most visited city in the world for year 2015. The Quality of Living Survey rated Chennai as the safest city in India. Chennai attracts 45 percent of health tourists visiting India, and 30 to 40 percent of domestic health tourists. As such, it is termed \"India's health capital\". As a growing metropolitan city in a developing country, Chennai confronts substantial pollution and other logistical and socio-economic problems.", "Asia is Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres and sharing the continental landmass of Eurasia with the continent of Europe. Asia covers an area of , about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area. The continent, which has long been home to the majority of the human population, was the site of many of the first civilizations. Asia is notable for not only its overall large size and population, but also dense and large settlements as well as vast barely populated regions within the continent of 4.4 billion people.", "Pakistan (or ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a federal parliamentary republic in South Asia on crossroads of Central Asia and Western Asia. It is the sixth-most populous country with a population exceeding 200 million people. It is the 36th largest country in the world in terms of area with an area covering . Pakistan has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west, Iran to the southwest and China in the far northeast respectively. It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan's narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north, and also shares a maritime border with Oman.", "Afghanistan (Pashto/Dari: , \"Afnistn\"), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia. It has a population of approximately 32 million, making it the 42nd most populous country in the world. It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east; Iran in the west; Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan in the north; and China in the far northeast. Its territory covers , making it the 41st largest country in the world.", "Mihirakula ( Chinese : ) was one of the most important Hephthalite emperors , whose empire was in the present - day territories of Afghanistan , Pakistan and northern and central India . Mihirakula was a son of Toramana who was a tegin ( secondary prince ) of the Indian part of the Hephthalite Empire . Mihirakula ruled his empire from 502 to 530 .", "Toramana was a ruler of the Hephthalite Empire who ruled its Indian region in the late 5th and the early 6th century. Toramana consolidated the Hephthalite power in Punjab (present-day Pakistan and northwestern India), and conquered northern and central India including Eran in Madhya Pradesh. Sanjeli inscription of Toramana speaks of his conquest and control over Malwa and Gujarat. His territory also included Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and Kashmir.", "China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia. With a population of over 1.381 billion, it is the world's most populous country. The state is governed by the Communist Party of China, and its capital is Beijing. It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau), and claims sovereignty over Taiwan. The country's major urban areas include Shanghai, Guangzhou, Beijing, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Tianjin and Hong Kong. China is a great power and a major regional power within Asia, and has been characterized as a potential superpower.", "Kolkata (, also known as Calcutta , the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, it is the principal commercial, cultural, and educational centre of East India, while the Port of Kolkata is India's oldest operating port and its sole major riverine port. In 2011, the city had population of 4.5 million, while the population of the city and its suburbs was 14.1 million, making it the third-most populous metropolitan area in India. In 2008 its gross domestic product (adjusted for purchasing power parity) was estimated to be 104 billion, which was the third highest among Indian cities, behind Mumbai and Delhi.", "The Maldives (, or ), officially the Republic of Maldives (\"\"), is a South Asian island country, located in the Indian Ocean. It lies southwest of India and Sri Lanka. The chain of twenty-six atolls stretches from Ihavandhippolhu Atoll in the north to the Addu City in the south. Comprising a territory spanning roughly , the Maldives is one of the world's most geographically dispersed countries, as well as the smallest Asian country by both land area and population, with a little over 393,500 inhabitants. Malé is the capital and most populated city, traditionally called the \"King's Island\" for its central location.", "Uttar Pradesh (Hindi : ), abbreviated as UP, is the most populous state in the Republic of India as well as the most populous country subdivision in the world. It was created on 1 April 1937 as the United Provinces during British rule, and was renamed \"Uttar Pradesh\" in 1950. Lucknow is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh. Ghaziabad, Bulandshahr, Kanpur, Gorakhpur, Allahabad, Raebareli, Moradabad, Bareilly, Aligarh, Sonbhadra, and Varanasi are known for their industrial importance in the state. On 9 November 2000, a new state, Uttarakhand, was carved out from the Himalayan hill region of Uttar Pradesh. The state in the northern region of the Indian subcontinent has over 200 million inhabitants.", "Pashto (; \"Paxt\" ), also known in older literature as Afghn or Pahn, is the South-Central Asian language of the Pashtuns. Its speakers are called Pashtuns or Pukhtuns and sometimes Afghans or Pathans. It is an Eastern Iranian language, belonging to the Indo-European family. Pashto is one of the two official languages of Afghanistan, and it is the second-largest regional language of Pakistan, mainly spoken in the west and northwest of the country. Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) are almost 100% Pashto-speaking, while it is the majority language of the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the northern districts of Balochistan. Pashto is the main language among the Pashtun diaspora around the world. The total number of Pashto-speakers is estimated to be 4560 million people worldwide.", "Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and also known as Burma, is a sovereign state in South East Asia bordered by Bangladesh, India, China, Laos and Thailand. About one third of Myanmar's total perimeter of 5,876 km (3,651 miles), forms an uninterrupted coastline of 1,930 km (1,200 miles) along the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea. The country's 2014 census revealed a much lower population than expected, with 51 million people recorded. Myanmar is 676,578 square kilometres (261,227 sq mi) in size. Its capital city is Naypyidaw and its largest city is Yangon (Rangoon).", "Mumbai (also known as Bombay, the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India and the ninth most populous agglomeration in the world, with an estimated city population of 18.4 million. Along with the neighbouring regions of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, it is one of the most populous urban regions in the world and the second most populous metropolitan area in India, with a population of 20.7 million . Mumbai lies on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour. In 2009, Mumbai was named an alpha world city. It is also the wealthiest city in India, and has the highest GDP of any city in South, West, or Central Asia. Mumbai has the highest number of billionaires and millionaires among all cities in India. ", "New Delhi is the capital of India and one of Delhi city's 11 districts.", "The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's oceanic divisions, covering (approximately 20% of the water on the Earth's surface). It is bounded by Asia on the north, on the west by Africa, on the east by Australia, and on the south by the Southern Ocean or, depending on definition, by Antarctica. It is named after the country of India. The Indian Ocean is known as \"Ratnkara\", \"\"the mine of gems\"\" in ancient Sanskrit literature, and as \"Hind Mahsgar\", \"\"the great Indian sea\"\", in Hindi.", "Islam (' ;) is a religion articulated by the Quran, a text considered by its adherents to be the verbatim word of God ('), and, for the vast majority of adherents, the teachings and normative example (called the \"sunnah\", composed of accounts called \"hadith\") of Muhammad (5708 June 632 CE). It is the world's second-largest religion and the fastest-growing major religion in the world, with over 1.7 billion followers or 23% of the global population, known as Muslims. Islam is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion that upholds that God is one and incomparable and that the purpose of existence is to worship God. Muslims consider Muhammad to be the last prophet of God.", "Tajikistan (, or ), officially the Republic of Tajikistan (\"Çumhuriji Toçikiston\"), is a mountainous, landlocked country in Central Asia with an estimated 8 million people in 2013, and an area of . It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east. Pakistan lies to the south, separated by the narrow Wakhan Corridor. Traditional homelands of Tajik people included present-day Tajikistan, Afghanistan and Uzbekistan.", "Delhi (Dilli) , officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India. It is bordered by Haryana on three sides and by Uttar Pradesh to the east. It is the most expansive city in Indiaabout . It has a population of about 25 million, making it the second most populous city after Mumbai and most populous urban agglomeration in India and 3 largest urban area in the world. Urban expansion in Delhi has caused it to grow beyond the NCT to incorporate towns in neighbouring states. At its largest extent, there is a population of about 25 million residents . According to data released by Oxford Economics, Delhi NCR urban agglomeration has replaced Mumbai Metropolitan Region urban agglomeration as the economic capital of India. However the comparison of the figures specific to the Metropolis of Delhi and Metropolis of Mumbai was not provided by this institution. These figures however did not match with those revealed by the reserve bank of India, The economic survey of India, The economic survey of Delhi and Maharashtra.", "Ahmedabad (also known as Amdavad ) is the largest city and former capital of Gujarat, which is a state in India. It is the administrative headquarters of the Ahmedabad district and the seat of the Gujarat High Court. With a population of more than 6.3 million and an extended population of 7.8 million, it is the sixth largest city and seventh largest metropolitan area of India. Ahmedabad is located on the banks of the Sabarmati River, from the state capital Gandhinagar, which is its twin city.", "Iran (, also , ; ' ), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (' ), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the \"de facto\" Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, and Azerbaijan; to the north by the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. Comprising a land area of , it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 18th-largest in the world. With 82.8 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 17th-most-populous country. It is the only country with both a Caspian Sea and an Indian Ocean coastline. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, make it of great geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic center.", "Madhya Pradesh (MP) (, meaning Central Province) is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and the largest city is Indore. Nicknamed the \"heart of India\" due to its geographical location in India, Madhya Pradesh is the second-largest state in the country by area. With over 75 million inhabitants, it is the fifth-largest state in India by population. It borders the states of Uttar Pradesh to the northeast, Chhattisgarh to the southeast, Maharashtra to the south, Gujarat to the west, and Rajasthan to the northwest. Its total area is 308,245 km². Before 2000, When Chattisgarh was a part of Madhya Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh was the largest state in India and the distance between the two furthest points inside the state, Singoli and Konta, was 1500 km.", "India, officially the Republic of India (\"Bhrat Gaarjya\"), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Myanmar (Burma) and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Its capital is New Delhi; other metropolises include Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Ahmedabad.", "An Islamic republic is the name given to several states in countries ruled by Islamic laws, including the Islamic Republics of Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, and Mauritania. Pakistan first adopted the title under the constitution of 1956. Mauritania adopted it on 28 November 1958. Iran adopted it after the 1979 Iranian Revolution that overthrew the Pahlavi dynasty. Afghanistan adopted it in 1992 (in 19962001 the Taliban was ruling as an Islamic emirate (monarchy)) upon Jamiat-e Islami seizing capital Kabul from the Communists. Despite the similar name the countries differ greatly in their governments and laws.", "A landlocked state or landlocked country is a sovereign state entirely enclosed by land, or whose only coastlines lie on closed seas. There are currently 48 such countries, including four partially recognised states. Only two, Bolivia and Paraguay in South America, lie outside Afro-Eurasia (the Old World).", "Rajasthan (; literally, \"Land of Kings\") is India's largest state by area (or 10.4% of India's total area). It is located on the western side of the country, where it comprises most of the wide and inhospitable Thar Desert (also known as the \"Rajasthan Desert\" and \"Great Indian Desert\") and shares a border with the Pakistani provinces of Punjab to the northwest and Sindh to the west, along the Sutlej-Indus river valley. Elsewhere it is bordered by the other Indian states: Punjab to the north; Haryana and Uttar Pradesh to the northeast; Madhya Pradesh to the southeast; and Gujarat to the southwest. Rajasthan is an economically backward region of India and has the highest percentage of unemployed youth in North India.\nRajasthan is divided into 9 regions; Ajmer State, Hadoti, Dhundhar, Gorwar, Shekhawati, Mewar, Marwar, Vagad and Mewat which are equally rich in its heritage and artistic contribution. These regions have a parallel history which goes along with that of the state." ]

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[ "Connation in plants is the developmental fusion of organs of the same type, for example, petals to one another to form a tubular corolla. This is in contrast to adnation, the fusion of dissimilar organs. Such organs are described as connate or adnate, respectively. When like organs that are usually well separated are placed next to each other, but not actually connected, they are described as connivent (that is the case for anthers in several genera, such as \"Solanum\").", "The Great Plains is the broad expanse of flat land (a plain), much of it covered in prairie, steppe and grassland, that lies west of the Mississippi River tallgrass prairie states and east of the Rocky Mountains in the United States and Canada. This area covers parts, but not all, of the states of Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming, Minnesota, Iowa and the Canadian provinces of Alberta, Manitoba and Saskatchewan. The region is known for supporting extensive cattle ranching and dry farming.", "An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphologically, it is the part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed and which is accordingly modified. The modifications can involve the length and the nature of the internodes and the phyllotaxis, as well as variations in the proportions, compressions, swellings, adnations, connations and reduction of main and secondary axes.\nInflorescence can also be defined as the reproductive portion of a plant that bears a cluster of flowers in a specific pattern.", "Grasslands are areas where the vegetation is dominated by grasses (Poaceae), however sedge (Cyperaceae) and rush (Juncaceae) families can also be found. Grasslands occur naturally on all continents except Antarctica. Grasslands are found in most ecoregions of the Earth. For example, there are five terrestrial ecoregion classifications (subdivisions) of the temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biome (ecosystem), which is one of eight terrestrial ecozones of the Earth's surface.", "Juncaceae is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as rush family. It consists of eight genera and about 464 known species of slow-growing, rhizomatous, herbaceous monocotyledonous plants that may superficially resemble grasses and sedges. They often grow on infertile soils in a wide range of moisture conditions. The best-known and largest genus is \"Juncus\". Most of the \"Juncus\" species grow exclusively in wetland habitats. A few rushes are annuals, but most are perennials.", "A branch (or ) or tree branch (sometimes referred to in botany as a ramus) is a woody structural member connected to but not part of the central trunk of a tree (or sometimes a shrub). Large branches are known as boughs and small branches are known as twigs. Due to a broad range of species of trees, branches and twigs can be seen in many different shapes and sizes.", "Lomatium macrocarpum is a perennial flowering plant in the carrot family known by the common names bigseed lomatium , biscuit root or even bigseed biscuitroot . It is native to much of western North America , where it can be found in various types of habitat , including the grasslands of the Great Plains . It is spreading or erect perennial herb growing up to about half a meter long with hairy , gray - green herbage . The leaves are up to about 24 centimeters long and are intricately divided into many small , narrow segments . The inflorescence bears an umbel of yellowish , purplish , or white flowers . The fruit is a compressed , winged , round or oval disc up to about 2 centimeters long .", "Kansas is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States. Its capital is Topeka and its largest city is Wichita. Kansas is named after the Kansa Native American tribe, which inhabited the area. The tribe's name (natively \"\") is often said to mean \"people of the wind\" or \"people of the south wind\", although this was probably not the term's original meaning. For thousands of years, what is now Kansas was home to numerous and diverse Native American tribes. Tribes in the eastern part of the state generally lived in villages along the river valleys. Tribes in the western part of the state were semi-nomadic and hunted large herds of bison.", "A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in plants that are floral (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also called angiosperms). The biological function of a flower is to effect reproduction, usually by providing a mechanism for the union of sperm with eggs. Flowers may facilitate outcrossing (fusion of sperm and eggs from different individuals in a population) or allow selfing (fusion of sperm and egg from the same flower). Some flowers produce diaspores without fertilization (parthenocarpy). Flowers contain sporangia and are the site where gametophytes develop. Many flowers have evolved to be attractive to animals, so as to cause them to be vectors for the transfer of pollen. After fertilization, the ovary of the flower develops into fruit containing seeds.", "In botany, phyllotaxis or phyllotaxy is the arrangement of leaves on a plant stem (from Ancient Greek \"phýllon\" \"leaf\" and \"táxis\" \"arrangement\"). Phyllotactic spirals form a distinctive class of patterns in nature." ]

[ "branch", "division", "form", "group", "species", "tribe" ]

[ "Agon (Classical Greek ) is an ancient Greek term for a struggle or contest. This could be a contest in athletics, in chariot or horse racing, or in music or literature at a public festival in ancient Greece.", "Theatre or theater is a collaborative form of fine art that uses live performers, typically actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, often a stage. The performers may communicate this experience to the audience through combinations of gesture, speech, song, music, and dance. Elements of art, such as painted scenery and stagecraft such as lighting are used to enhance the physicality, presence and immediacy of the experience. The specific place of the performance is also named by the word \"theatre\" as derived from the Ancient Greek (théatron, \"a place for viewing\"), itself from (theáomai, \"to see\", \"to watch\", \"to observe\").", "Television or TV is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome (black-and-white), or in color, and in two or three dimensions and sound. It can refer to a television set, a television program (\"TV show\"), or the medium of television transmission. Television is a mass medium, for entertainment, education, news, and advertising.", "The desires, wants, and thinking of the majority of the people or the collective opinion of the people of a society or state on an issue or problem is called public opinion. \nThe English term \"public opinion\" dates back to the seventeenth century work by John Locke, \"An Essay Concerning Human Understanding\", which contains an early consideration of the importance of public opinion in the ordering of politics. The term was derived from the French word \"l'opinion\", which was first used in 1588 by Michel de Montaigne.", "Satire is a genre of literature, and sometimes graphic and performing arts, in which vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, corporations, government, or society itself into improvement. Although satire is usually meant to be humorous, its greater purpose is often constructive social criticism, using wit to draw attention to both particular and wider issues in society.", "Irony, in its broadest sense, is a rhetorical device, literary technique, or event in which what appears, on the surface, to be the case, differs radically from what is actually the case. Irony may be divided into categories such as verbal, dramatic, and situational.\nVerbal, dramatic, and situational irony are often used for emphasis in the assertion of a truth. The ironic form of simile, used in sarcasm, and some forms of litotes can emphasize one's meaning by the deliberate use of language which states the opposite of the truth, denies the contrary of the truth, or drastically and obviously understates a factual connection.", "Stand-up comedy is a comic style in which a comedian performs in front of a live audience, usually speaking directly to them. The performer is commonly known as a comic, stand-up comic, stand-up comedian, or simply a stand-up. In stand-up comedy, the comedian usually recites a grouping of humorous stories, jokes and one-liners typically called a monologue, routine, or act. Some stand-up comedians use props, music, or magic tricks to \"enhance\" their acts. Stand-up comedy is often performed in comedy clubs, bars and pubs, nightclubs, neo-burlesques, colleges and theatres. Outside of live performance, stand-up is often distributed commercially via television, DVD, CD and the internet.", "Bride of Frankenstein (advertised as The Bride of Frankenstein) is a 1935 American sci fi horror film, the first sequel to Universal Pictures' 1931 hit \"Frankenstein\". It is considered one of the few sequels to a great film which is even better than the original film on which it is based. As with the first film, \"Bride of Frankenstein\" was directed by James Whale and stars Boris Karloff as The Monster. The sequel features Elsa Lanchester in the dual role of his mate and Mary Shelley, Colin Clive reprising his role as Henry Frankenstein, and Ernest Thesiger as Doctor Septimus Pretorius.", "Genre (or ; from French \"genre\" , \"kind\" or \"sort\", from Latin \"genus\" (stem \"gener-\"), Greek , \"gés\") ", "Political satire is a significant part of satire that specializes in gaining entertainment from politics; it has also been used with subversive intent where political speech and dissent are forbidden by a regime, as a method of advancing political arguments where such arguments are expressly forbidden.", "A film, also called a movie, motion picture, theatrical film or photoplay, is a series of still images which, when shown on a screen, creates the illusion of moving images due to the phi phenomenon. This optical illusion causes the audience to perceive continuous motion between separate objects viewed rapidly in succession. The process of filmmaking is both an art and an industry. A film is created by photographing actual scenes with a motion picture camera; by photographing drawings or miniature models using traditional animation techniques; by means of CGI and computer animation; or by a combination of some or all of these techniques and other visual effects.", "In a modern sense, comedy (from the , \"kmidía\") refers to any discourse or work generally intended to be humorous or amusing by inducing laughter, especially in theatre, television, film, and stand-up comedy. The origins of the term are found in Ancient Greece. In the Athenian democracy, the public opinion of voters was influenced by the political satire performed by the comic poets at the theaters. The theatrical genre of Greek comedy can be described as a dramatic performance which pits two groups or societies against each other in an amusing agon or conflict. Northrop Frye depicted these two opposing sides as a \"Society of Youth\" and a \"Society of the Old\". A revised view characterizes the essential agon of comedy as a struggle between a relatively powerless youth and the societal conventions that pose obstacles to his hopes. In this struggle, the youth is understood to be constrained by his lack of social authority, and is left with little choice but to take recourse in ruses which engender very dramatic irony which provokes laughter.", "A character actor or character actress is a supporting actor who plays unusual, interesting, or eccentric characters. The term, often contrasted with that of leading actor, is somewhat abstract and open to interpretation. In a literal sense, all actors can be considered character actors since they all play \"characters\", but in the usual sense it is an actor who plays a distinctive and important supporting role. ", "The Old Dark House is a 1932 American Pre-Code horror comedy film directed by James Whale and starring Boris Karloff. The film is based on the novel \"Benighted\" (1927) by J. B. Priestley. The supporting cast includes Melvyn Douglas, Gloria Stuart, Charles Laughton and Ernest Thesiger.", "The Old Dark House is a 1932 American Pre-Code comedy horror film directed by James Whale and starring Boris Karloff . The film is based on the novel Benighted ( 1927 ) by J. B. Priestley . The supporting cast includes Melvyn Douglas , Gloria Stuart , Charles Laughton and Ernest Thesiger .", "The Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) is a drama school in London, England. It is one of the oldest drama schools in the United Kingdom, founded in 1904 by Herbert Beerbohm Tree.", "Charles Laughton (1 July 1899  15 December 1962) was an English stage and film character actor, director, producer and screenwriter. Laughton was trained in London at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art and first appeared professionally on the stage in 1926. In 1927, he was cast in a play with his future wife Elsa Lanchester, with whom he lived and worked until his death; they had no children.", "Horror film is a film genre that seeks to elicit a negative emotional reaction from viewers by playing on their fears. Inspired by literature from authors like Edgar Allan Poe, Bram Stoker, and Mary Shelley, horror films have existed for more than a century. The macabre and the supernatural are frequent themes. Horror may also overlap with the fantasy, supernatural fiction and thriller genres.", "Gloria Frances Stuart (born Gloria Stewart, July 4, 1910 September 26, 2010) was an American film and stage actress, visual artist, and activist. A native of Southern California, she began her acting in high school in the 1920s and on the stage in the 1930s and 1940s, performing in little theater and summer stock in Los Angeles and New York City. She signed a contract with Universal Pictures in 1932, and acted in numerous films for the studio, including \"The Old Dark House\" (1932), \"The Invisible Man\" (1933), and \"The Three Musketeers\" (1939).", "Laughter is a physical reaction in humans and some other species of primate, consisting typically of rhythmical, often audible contractions of the diaphragm and other parts of the respiratory system. It is a response to certain external or internal stimuli. Laughter can arise from such activities as being tickled, or from humorous stories or thoughts. Most commonly, it is considered a visual expression of a number of positive emotional states, such as joy, mirth, happiness, relief, etc. On some occasions, however, it may be caused by contrary emotional states such as embarrassment, apology, or confusion such as nervous laughter or courtesy laugh. Age, gender, education, language, and culture are all factors as to whether a person will experience laughter in a given situation.", "Show Boat is a 1927 musical in two acts, with music by Jerome Kern and book and lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II. Based on Edna Ferber's best-selling novel of the same name, the musical follows the lives of the performers, stagehands and dock workers on the \"Cotton Blossom\", a Mississippi River show boat, over 40 years, from 1887 to 1927. Its themes include racial prejudice and tragic, enduring love. The musical contributed such classic songs as \"Ol' Man River\", \"Make Believe\" and \"Can't Help Lovin' Dat Man\".", "Elsa Sullivan Lanchester (28 October 1902  26 December 1986), known as Elsa Lanchester, was a British-born American actress with a long career in theatre, film and television.", "Ancient Greece was a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th-9th centuries BC to the end of antiquity (AD). Immediately following this period was the beginning of the Early Middle Ages and the Byzantine era. Roughly three centuries after the Late Bronze Age collapse of Mycenaean Greece, Greek urban poleis began to form in the 8th century BC, ushering in the period of Archaic Greece and colonization of the Mediterranean Basin. This was followed by the period of Classical Greece, an era that began with the Greco-Persian Wars, lasting from the 5th to 4th centuries BC. Due to the conquests by Alexander the Great of Macedonia, Hellenistic civilization flourished from Central Asia to the western end of the Mediterranean Sea. The Hellenistic period came to an end with the conquests and annexations of the eastern Mediterranean world by the Roman Republic, which established the Roman province of Macedonia in Roman Greece, and later the province of Achaea during the Roman Empire.", "Ernest Frederic Graham Thesiger, CBE (15 January 1879 14 January 1961) was an English stage and film actor. He is especially well-remembered for his performance as Doctor Septimus Pretorius in James Whale's film \"Bride of Frankenstein\" (1935).", "California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western (Pacific Ocean) coast of the U.S., California is bordered by the other U.S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. The state capital is Sacramento. Los Angeles is California's most populous city, and the country's second largest after New York City. The state also has the nation's most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County.", "The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over a land area of just , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States. Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. A global power city, New York City exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment, its fast pace defining the term \"New York minute\". Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural and financial capital of the world.", "Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus is a novel written by English author Mary Shelley that tells the story of Victor Frankenstein, a young scientist who creates a grotesque but sapient creature in an unorthodox scientific experiment. Shelley started writing the story when she was 18, and the first edition of the novel was published anonymously in London in 1818, when she was 20. Her name first appeared on the second edition, published in France in 1823.", "James Whale (22 July 1889  29 May 1957) was an English film director, theatre director and actor. He is best remembered for his four classic horror films: \"Frankenstein\" (1931), \"The Old Dark House\" (1932), \"The Invisible Man\" (1933) and \"Bride of Frankenstein\" (1935). Whale also directed films in other genres, including what is considered the definitive film version of the musical \"Show Boat\" (1936). He became increasingly disenchanted with his association with horror, but many of his non-horror films have fallen into obscurity." ]

[ "abstract", "animation", "art", "comedian", "comedy", "computer animation", "country", "culture", "dance", "drama", "dramatic", "education", "entertainment", "essay", "finance", "genre", "government", "history", "horror", "horror comedy", "horse racing", "james", "literature", "mass", "monologue", "music", "musical", "novel", "optical illusion", "persian", "political satire", "politics", "racing", "relief", "satire", "social criticism", "society", "supernatural", "technology", "television", "theater", "traditional animation", "tv show", "urban", "western", "youth" ]

[ "Larry Leishman ( born April 4 , 1947 in Dunfermline , Scotland ; dead March 4 , 2013 ) is a Canadian guitarist who was a member of Toronto R&B outfit , Jon and Lee & The Checkmates during the mid ' 60s . When the band broke up in September 1967 , he briefly worked with David Clayton - Thomas and various Toronto bands , including Bobby Kris & The Imperials and The Duke Edwards Cycle before joining Rhinoceros in August 1969 .", "Canada's Walk of Fame, located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, is a walk of fame that acknowledges the achievements and accomplishments of successful Canadians. It consists of a series of maple leaf-like stars embedded in 13 designated blocks' worth of sidewalks in Toronto, located in front of Roy Thomson Hall, The Princess of Wales Theatre, and The Royal Alexandra Theatre on King Street as well as Simcoe Street.", "David Clayton-Thomas (born David Henry Thomsett; 13 September 1941) is a Grammy Award-winning Canadian musician, singer and songwriter, best known as the lead vocalist of the American band Blood, Sweat & Tears. Clayton-Thomas has been inducted into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame and in 2007 his jazz/rock composition \"Spinning Wheel\" was enshrined in the Canadian Songwriter's Hall of Fame. In 2010 Clayton-Thomas received his star on Canada's Walk of Fame." ]

[ "band", "canada", "king", "musician", "singer" ]

[ "Arsenic is a chemical element with symbol As and atomic number 33. Arsenic occurs in many minerals, usually in combination with sulfur and metals, but also as a pure elemental crystal. Arsenic is a metalloid. It has various allotropes, but only the gray form is important to industry.", "Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12% tin and often with the addition of other metals (such as aluminium, manganese, nickel or zinc) and sometimes non-metals or metalloids such as arsenic, phosphorus or silicon. These additions produce a range of alloys that may be harder than copper alone, or have other useful properties, such as stiffness, ductility, or machinability.", "Nickel is a chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28. It is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Nickel belongs to the transition metals and is hard and ductile. Pure nickel, powdered to maximize the reactive surface area, shows a significant chemical activity, but larger pieces are slow to react with air under standard conditions because an oxide layer forms on the surface and prevents further corrosion (passivation). Even so, pure native nickel is found in Earth's crust only in tiny amounts, usually in ultramafic rocks, and in the interiors of larger nickeliron meteorites that were not exposed to oxygen when outside Earth's atmosphere.", "Zinc is a chemical element with the symbol Zn and atomic number 30. It is the first element in group 12 of the periodic table. In some respects zinc is chemically similar to magnesium: both elements exhibit only one normal oxidation state (+2), and the Zn and Mg ions are of similar size. Zinc is the 24th most abundant element in Earth's crust and has five stable isotopes. The most common zinc ore is sphalerite (zinc blende), a zinc sulfide mineral. The largest workable lodes are in Australia, Asia, and the United States. Zinc is refined by froth flotation of the ore, roasting, and final extraction using electricity (electrowinning).", "COMPASS is an acronym for \"COMP\"rehensive \"ASS\"embler. COMPASS is any of a family of macro assembly languages on Control Data Corporation's 3000 series, and on the 60-bit CDC 6000 series, 7600 and Cyber 70 and 170 series mainframe computers. While the architectures are very different, the macro and conditional assembly facilities are similar.", "Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (for ) and atomic number 50, is a post-transition metal in group 14 of the periodic table. It is obtained chiefly from the mineral cassiterite, which contains tin dioxide, SnO. Tin shows a chemical similarity to both of its neighbors in group 14, germanium and lead, and has two main oxidation states, +2 and the slightly more stable +4. Tin is the 49th most abundant element and has, with 10 stable isotopes, the largest number of stable isotopes in the periodic table, thanks to its magic number of protons. It has two main allotropes: at room temperature, the stable allotrope is -tin, a silvery-white, malleable metal, but at low temperatures it transforms into the less dense grey -tin, which has the diamond cubic structure. Metallic tin is not easily oxidized in air.", "The Western Xia, also known as the Xi Xia Empire, the Tangut Empire and to the Tangut people and the Tibetans as Minyak, was an empire which existed from 1038 to 1227 in what are now the northwestern Chinese provinces of Ningxia, Gansu, eastern Qinghai, northern Shaanxi, northeastern Xinjiang, southwest Inner Mongolia, and southernmost Outer Mongolia, measuring about 800,000 square kilometers.", "Silicon is a chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 14. A hard and brittle crystalline solid with a blue-gray metallic luster, it is a tetravalent metalloid. It is a member of group 14 in the periodic table, along with carbon above it and germanium, tin, lead, and flerovium below. It is rather unreactive, though less so than germanium, and has great chemical affinity for oxygen; as such, it was first prepared and characterized in pure form only in 1823 by Jöns Jakob Berzelius.", "Manganese is a chemical element with symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is not found as a free element in nature; it is often found in minerals in combination with iron. Manganese is a metal with important industrial metal alloy uses, particularly in stainless steels.", "Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from ) and atomic number 29. It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a reddish-orange color. Copper is used as a conductor of heat and electricity, as a building material, and as a constituent of various metal alloys, such as sterling silver used in jewelry, cupronickel used to make marine hardware and coins, and constantan used in strain gauges and thermocouples for temperature measurement.", "Aluminium or aluminum (in North American English) is a chemical element in the boron group with symbol Al and atomic number 13. It is a silvery-white, soft, nonmagnetic, ductile metal. Aluminium is the third most abundant element in the Earth's crust (after oxygen and silicon) and its most abundant metal. Aluminium makes up about 8% of the crust by mass, though it is less common in the mantle below. Aluminium metal is so chemically reactive that native specimens are rare and limited to extreme reducing environments. Instead, it is found combined in over 270 different minerals. The chief ore of aluminium is bauxite.", "The Ming dynasty was the ruling dynasty of Chinathen known as the for 276 years (13681644) following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming, described by some as \"one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history,\" was the last imperial dynasty in China ruled by ethnic Han Chinese. Although the primary capital of Beijing fell in 1644 to a rebellion led by Li Zicheng (who established the Shun dynasty, soon replaced by the Manchu-led Qing dynasty), regimes loyal to the Ming throne collectively called the Southern Ming survived until 1683.", "The Song dynasty (9601279) was an era of Chinese history that began in 960 and continued until 1279. It succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, coincided with the Liao and Western Xia dynasties, and was followed by the Yuan dynasty. It was the first government in world history to issue banknotes or true paper money nationally and the first Chinese government to establish a permanent standing navy. This dynasty also saw the first known use of gunpowder, as well as the first discernment of true north using a compass.", "The Yuan dynasty, officially the Great Yuan, was the empire or ruling dynasty of China established by Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan. Although the Mongols had ruled territories including today's North China for decades, it was not until 1271 that Kublai Khan officially proclaimed the dynasty in the traditional Chinese style, and the conquest was not complete until 1279. His realm was, by this point, isolated from the other khanates and controlled most of present-day China and its surrounding areas, including modern Mongolia. It was the first foreign dynasty to rule all of China and lasted until 1368, after which its Genghisid rulers returned to their Mongolian homeland and continued to rule the Northern Yuan dynasty. Some of the Mongolian Emperors of the Yuan mastered the Chinese language, while others only used their native language (i.e. Mongolian) and the 'Phags-pa script.", "The Han dynasty was the second imperial dynasty of China (206 BC220 AD), preceded by the Qin dynasty (221206 BC) and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period (220280 AD). Spanning over four centuries, the Han period is considered a golden age in Chinese history. To this day, China's majority ethnic group refers to itself as the \"Han people\" and the Chinese script is referred to as \"Han characters\".\nIt was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han, and briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty (923 AD) of the former regent Wang Mang. This interregnum separates the Han dynasty into two periods: the Western Han or Former Han (206 BC 9 AD) and the Eastern Han or Later Han (25220 AD).", "Yi Xing (683727), born Zhang Sui, was a Chinese astronomer, mathematician, mechanical engineer and Buddhist monk of the Tang dynasty (618907). His astronomical celestial globe featured a clockwork escapement mechanism, the first in a long tradition of Chinese astronomical clockworks.", "Chang'an is an ancient capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history, today known as Xi'an. Chang'an means \"Perpetual Peace\" in Classical Chinese. During the short-lived Xin dynasty, the city was renamed \"Constant Peace\"; yet after its fall in AD 23, the old name was restored. By the time of the Ming dynasty, the name was again changed to Xi'an, meaning \"Western Peace\", which has remained its name to the present day.", "Liang Lingzan ( simplified Chinese : ; traditional Chinese : ; pinyin : Liáng Lìngzàn ; Wade -- Giles : Liang Ling - Tsan ) was a Tang Dynasty military engineer and government official of the Kaiyuan era . He invented a mechanized water clock with the Tantric monk and mathematician Yi Xing ( Chinese : ; pinyin : Y Xíng ; Wade -- Giles : I - Hsing ) . It was actually an astronomical instrument that served as a clock , made of bronze in the capital of Chang'an in the 720s . It was described by a contemporary text this way : ( It ) was made in the image of the round heavens and on it were shown the lunar mansions in their order , the equator and the degrees of the heavenly circumference . Water , flowing into scoops , turned a wheel automatically , rotating it one complete revolution in one day and night . Besides this , there were two rings fitted around the celestial sphere outside , having the sun and moon threaded on them , and these were made to move in circling orbit ... And they made a wooden casing the surface of which represented the horizon , since the instrument was half sunk in it . It permitted the exact determinations of the time of dawns and dusks , full and new moons , tarrying and hurrying . Moreover , there were two wooden jacks standing on the horizon surface , having one a bell and the other a drum in front of it , the bell being struck automatically to indicate the hours , and the drum being beaten automatically to indicate the quarters . All these motions were brought about by machinery within the casing , each depending on wheels and shafts , hooks , pins and interlocking rods , stopping devices and locks checking mutually . In addition to being an engineer and official , Lingzan was also a scholar and artist . He wrote The Five - Planet and Twenty - eight Constellation Deities ( Chinese : ; pinyin : wxng èrshíbxiù shénxíng ) , of which a Song Dynasty copy resides in the collection of the Osaka City Art Museum .", "The Tang dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. It is generally regarded as a high point in Chinese civilization, and a golden age of cosmopolitan culture. Its territory, acquired through the military campaigns of its early rulers, rivaled that of the Han dynasty, and the Tang capital at Chang'an (present-day Xi'an) was the most populous city in the world.", "The Xin dynasty was a Chinese dynasty (termed so despite having only one emperor) which lasted from 9 to 23 AD. It interrupted the Han dynasty, dividing it into the periods of the Western Han and the Eastern Han.", "Phosphorus is a chemical element with symbol P and atomic number 15. As an element, phosphorus exists in two major formswhite phosphorus and red phosphorusbut because it is highly reactive, phosphorus is never found as a free element on Earth. At 0.099%, phosphorus is the most abundant pnictogen in the Earth's crust. With few exceptions, minerals containing phosphorus are in the maximally oxidised state as inorganic phosphate rocks." ]

[ "1038", "12", "1227", "1271", "1368", "14", "15", "1683", "206", "220", "221", "23", "25", "276", "28", "280", "29", "30", "33", "4", "50", "60", "683", "70", "727", "8", "800", "960" ]

[ "James Lawrence Connolly ( c. 1909 -- March 6 , 1982 ) was a Canadian politician , who was elected to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly in the 1970 provincial election . He represented the electoral district of Halifax Chebucto as a member of the Liberals . He was chosen deputy speaker of the House of Assembly in December 1970 and became Speaker in November 1973 . He retired from the legislature with the 1974 provincial election . Connolly was previously deputy mayor of Halifax , and served five terms as an alderman on city council . He operated his own plumbing business for 25 years .", "The Nova Scotia Legislature, formally, known as the General Assembly, consists of the Crown represented by a Lieutenant Governor and the House of Assembly, is the legislative branch of the provincial government of Nova Scotia, Canada. The assembly is the oldest in Canada, having first sat in 1758, and in 1848 was the site of the first responsible government in the British Empire.", "Responsible government is a conception of a system of government that embodies the principle of parliamentary accountability, the foundation of the Westminster system of parliamentary democracy. Governments (the equivalent of the executive branch) in Westminster democracies are responsible to parliament rather than to the monarch, or, in a colonial context, to the imperial government, and in a republican context, to the president, either in full or in part. If the parliament is bicameral, then the government is responsible first to the parliament's lower house, which is more numerous, always directly elected and thus more representative than the upper house.\nResponsible government of parliamentary accountability manifests itself in several ways. Ministers account to Parliament for their decisions and for the performance of their departments. This requirement to make announcements and to answer questions in Parliament means that ministers have to have the privileges of the \"floor\" which are only granted to those who are members of either house of Parliament. Secondly, and most importantly, although ministers are officially appointed by the authority of the head of state and can theoretically be dismissed at the pleasure of the sovereign, they concurrently retain their office subject to their holding the confidence of the lower house of Parliament. When the lower house has passed a motion of no confidence in the government, the government must immediately resign or submit itself to the electorate in a new general election.", "Halifax Chebucto is a provincial electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, that elects one member of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly.", "Nova Scotia (Latin for \"New Scotland\"; French: \"Nouvelle-Écosse\") is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces, and one of the four provinces which form Atlantic Canada. Its provincial capital is Halifax. Nova Scotia is Canada's second-smallest province, with an area of , including Cape Breton and another 3,800 coastal islands. As of 2011, the population was 921,727, making Nova Scotia the second most-densely populated province in Canada with almost ." ]

[ "3", "executive branch", "governor", "lieutenant governor", "member of the nova scotia house of assembly", "nova scotia house of assembly", "sovereign" ]

[ "Blues is a genre and musical form originated by African Americans in the Deep South of the United States around the end of the 19th century. The genre developed from roots in African musical traditions, African-American work songs and European-American folk music. Blues incorporated spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts, chants, and rhymed simple narrative ballads. The blues form, ubiquitous in jazz, rhythm and blues and rock and roll, is characterized by the call-and-response pattern, the blues scale and specific chord progressions, of which the twelve-bar blues is the most common. Blue notes (or \"worried notes\"), usually thirds or fifths flattened in pitch, are also an essential part of the sound. Blues shuffles or walking bass reinforce the trance-like rhythm and form a repetitive effect known as the groove.", "The Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum is an American sports stadium located in the Exposition Park neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. The stadium serves as the home to the University of Southern California (USC) Trojans football team, and as the temporary home for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). The Coliseum was home to the Rams from 1946 to 1979, when they moved to Anaheim Stadium in Anaheim, California, and is serving as their home stadium again until the completion of Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park in Inglewood, California. The facility has a permanent seating capacity of 93,607 for USC football games, making it the largest football stadium in the Pac-12 Conference. For Rams games, capacity is at 80,000, giving it the fourth-largest capacity in the NFL.", "A big band is a type of musical ensemble associated with playing jazz music and which became popular during the Swing Era from the early 1930s until the late 1940s. Big Bands evolved with the times and continue to today. A big band typically consists of approximately 12 to 25 musicians and contains saxophones, trumpets, trombones, and a rhythm section. The terms jazz band, jazz ensemble, stage band, jazz orchestra, and dance band are also used to refer to this type of ensemble. This does not, however, mean that each one of these names is technically correct for naming a \"big band\" specifically.", "The Jazz Age was a period in the 1920s, ending with the Great Depression, in which jazz music and dance styles became popular, mainly in the United States, but also in Britain, France and elsewhere. Jazz originated in New Orleans as a fusion of African and European music and played a significant part in wider cultural changes in this period, and its influence on pop culture continued long afterwards. The Jazz Age is often referred to in conjunction with the Roaring Twenties.", "Super Bowl VI was an American football game between the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Dallas Cowboys and the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Miami Dolphins to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 1971 season. The Cowboys defeated the Dolphins by the score of 243, to win their first Super Bowl. The game was played on January 16, 1972, at Tulane Stadium in New Orleans, Louisiana, the second time the Super Bowl was played in that city.", "The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league consisting of 32 teams, divided equally between the National Football Conference (NFC) and the American Football Conference (AFC). The NFL is one of the four major professional sports leagues in North America, and the highest professional level of American football in the world. The NFL's 17-week regular season runs from the week after Labor Day to the week after Christmas, with each team playing 16 games and having one bye week. Following the conclusion of the regular season, six teams from each conference (four division winners and two wild card teams) advance to the playoffs, a single-elimination tournament culminating in the Super Bowl, played between the champions of the NFC and AFC.", "A trumpet is a musical instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles. The trumpet group contains the instruments with the highest register in the brass family. Trumpet-like instruments have historically been used as signaling devices in battle or hunting, with examples dating back to at least 1500 BC; they began to be used as musical instruments only in the late-14th or early 15th century. Trumpets are used in art music styles, for instance in orchestras, concert bands, and jazz ensembles, as well as in popular music. They are played by blowing air through almost-closed lips (called the player's embouchure), producing a \"buzzing\" sound that starts a standing wave vibration in the air column inside the instrument. Since the late 15th century they have primarily been constructed of brass tubing, usually bent twice into a rounded rectangular shape. ", "New Orleans (or ) is a major United States port and the largest city and metropolitan area in the state of Louisiana. The population of the city was 343,829 as of the 2010 U.S. Census. The New Orleans metropolitan area (New OrleansMetairieKenner Metropolitan Statistical Area) had a population of 1,167,764 in 2010 and was the 46th largest in the United States. The New OrleansMetairieBogalusa Combined Statistical Area, a larger trading area, had a 2010 population of 1,452,502.", "Super Bowl V, the fifth edition of the Super Bowl and first modern-era National Football League (NFL) championship game, was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Baltimore Colts and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Dallas Cowboys to decide the NFL champion for the 1970 season. The Colts defeated the Cowboys by the score of 1613. The game was played on January 17, 1971, at the Orange Bowl in Miami, Florida, the first Super Bowl game played on artificial turf, on first-generation Poly-Turf.", "Super Bowl VII was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Miami Dolphins and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Washington Redskins to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 1972 season. The Dolphins defeated the Redskins by the score of 147, and became the first and still the only team in NFL history to complete a perfect undefeated season. They also remain the only Super Bowl team to be shut out in the second half and still win. \nThe game was played on January 14, 1973, at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles, the second time the Super Bowl was played in that city.", "The saxophone (also referred to as the sax) is a family of woodwind instruments. Saxophones are usually made of brass and played with a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. The saxophone family was invented by the Belgian instrument maker Adolphe Sax in 1840. Adolphe Sax wanted to create a group or series of instruments that would be the most powerful and vocal of the woodwinds, and the most adaptive of the brass instruments, that would fill the vacant middle ground between the two sections. He patented the saxophone on June 28, 1846, in two groups of seven instruments each. Each series consisted of instruments of various sizes in alternating transposition. The series pitched in B and E, designed for military bands, have proved extremely popular and most saxophones encountered today are from this series. Instruments from the so-called \"orchestral\" series, pitched in C and F, never gained a foothold, and the B and E instruments have now replaced the C and F instruments when the saxophone is used in an orchestra.", "Jazz is a music genre that originated amongst African Americans in New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Since the 1920s jazz age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression. It emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African American and European American musical parentage with a performance orientation. Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation. Jazz has roots in West African cultural and musical expression, and in African-American music traditions including blues and ragtime, as well as European military band music. Although the foundation of jazz is deeply rooted within the Black experience of the United States, different cultures have contributed their own experience and styles to the art form as well. Intellectuals around the world have hailed jazz as \"one of America's original art forms\".", "American football, referred to as football in the United States and Canada, and also known as gridiron, is a sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end. The offense, the team with control of the oval-shaped football, attempts to advance down the field by running with or passing the ball, while the team without control of the ball, the defense, aims to stop their advance and take control of the ball for themselves. The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs, or plays, or else they turn over the football to the opposing team; if they succeed, they are given a new set of four downs. Points are primarily scored by advancing the ball into the opposing team's end zone for a touchdown or kicking the ball through the opponent's goalposts for a field goal. The team with the most points at the end of a game wins.", "Woodrow Charles `` Woody '' Herman ( May 16 , 1913 -- October 29 , 1987 ) was an American jazz clarinetist , alto and soprano saxophonist , singer , and big band leader . Leading various groups called `` The Herd '' , Herman was one of the most popular of the 1930s and 1940s bandleaders . His bands often played music that was experimental for its time . He was a featured halftime performer for Super Bowl VII.", "Ragtime also spelled rag-time or rag time is a musical genre that enjoyed its peak popularity between 1895 and 1918. Its cardinal trait is its syncopated, or \"ragged\", rhythm. The genre has its origins in African-American communities like St. Louis years before being published as popular sheet music for piano. Ernest Hogan (18651909) was a pioneer of ragtime music and was the first to compose ragtime into sheet music. The composition was called \"LA Pas Ma LA\" and it was released in 1895. Hogan has also been credited for coining the term \"ragtime\". The term is actually derived from his hometown \"Shake Rag\" in Bowling Green, Kentucky. Ben Harney, who is also a Kentucky native has often been credited for introducing the music to the mainstream public. His first ragtime composition \"You've been a good old wagon but you done broke\" helped popularize the musical genre. The composition was published in 1895 but released in 1896. Ragtime was also a modification of the march made popular by John Philip Sousa, with additional polyrhythms coming from African music. The ragtime composer Scott Joplin (\"ca.\" 18681917) became famous through the publication of the \"Maple Leaf Rag\" (1899) and a string of ragtime hits such as \"The Entertainer\" (1902), although he was later forgotten by all but a small, dedicated community of ragtime aficionados until the major ragtime revival in the early 1970s. For at least 12 years after its publication, \"Maple Leaf Rag\" heavily influenced subsequent ragtime composers with its melody lines, harmonic progressions or metric patterns.", "West Africa, also called Western Africa and the West of Africa, is the westernmost subregion of Africa. West Africa has been defined as including 18 countries: Benin, Burkina Faso, the island nation of Cape Verde, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, the island of Saint Helena, Senegal, Sierra Leone, São Tomé and Príncipe and Togo.", "Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most-populous continent. At about 30.3 million km² (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4 % of its total land area. With 1.1 billion people as of 2013, it accounts for about 15% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognized sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two \"de facto\" independent states with limited or no recognition." ]

[ "1895", "africa", "atlantic ocean", "baltimore", "bar", "battle", "benin", "canada", "dallas", "france", "ghana", "guinea", "hollywood", "kentucky", "los angeles", "mali", "march", "mediterranean sea", "miami", "most", "new orleans", "nigeria", "north america", "ocean", "orleans", "pioneer", "port", "príncipe", "senegal", "sinai peninsula", "suez", "suez canal", "washington" ]

[ "Scotland (Scots: ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain. It shares a border with England to the south, and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the south-west. In addition to the mainland, the country is made up of more than 790 islands, including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.", "The Court of Session is the supreme civil court of Scotland, and constitutes part of the College of Justice. It sits in Parliament House in Edinburgh and is both a trial court and a court of appeal. The Court of Session has coextensive jurisdiction with the Sheriff Courtthe other Scottish civil court, which sits locallyand the pursuer is given first choice of what court to use. However, the majority of complex, important, or high value cases are brought in the Court of Session. Legal aid, administered by the Scottish Legal Aid Board, is available to persons with little disposable income for cases in the Court of Session.", "The Lord Justice Clerk is the second most senior judge in Scotland, after the Lord President of the Court of Session.", "A judge presides over court proceedings, either alone or as a part of a panel of judges. The powers, functions, method of appointment, discipline, and training of judges vary widely across different jurisdictions. The judge is supposed to conduct the trial impartially and in an open court. The judge hears all the witnesses and any other evidence presented by the barristers of the case, assesses the credibility and arguments of the parties, and then issues a ruling on the matter at hand based on his or her interpretation of the law and his or her own personal judgment. In some jurisdictions, the judge's powers may be shared with a jury. In inquisitorial systems of criminal investigation, a judge might also be an examining magistrate.", "Sir John Bellenden of Auchnole and Broughton ( died 1 October 1576 ) was , before 1544 , Director of Chancery , and was appointed Lord Justice Clerk on 25 June 1547 , succeeding his father Thomas Bellenden of Auchnoule . John was knighted before April 1544 .", "The Lord President of the Court of Session is the most senior judge in Scotland, the head of the judiciary, and the presiding judge of the College of Justice and the Court of Session. The Lord President is also the Lord Justice General of Scotland and the head of the High Court of Justiciary, the two offices having been combined in 1836. The Lord President has authority over any court established under Scots law, except for the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom." ]

[ "clerk", "general", "judge", "justice", "magistrate", "president", "sheriff", "united kingdom" ]

[ "Everything That Happens Will Happen Today is the second album made in collaboration between David Byrne and Brian Eno, released on August 18, 2008, by Todo Mundo. The album explores themes of humanity versus technology and optimism in spite of bleak circumstance through the blending of electronic and gospel music. Critical reception was largely positive and the album received awards for both the musical content as well as the packaging and technical production.", "David Byrne (born 14 May 1952) is a Scottish-born American multi-instrumentalist who was the founding member, principal songwriter, and lead singer and guitarist of the American new wave band Talking Heads, active between 1975 and 1991.", "A lead single is usually the first single to be released from a studio album, by a musician or a band, before the album itself is released.", "Talking Heads were an American rock band formed in 1975 in New York City and active until 1991. The band comprised David Byrne (lead vocals, guitar), Chris Frantz (drums), Tina Weymouth (bass), and Jerry Harrison (keyboards, guitar). Described by critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine as \"one of the most critically acclaimed bands of the '80s,\" the group helped to pioneer new wave music by integrating elements of punk, art rock, funk, pop and world music with avant-garde sensibilities and an anxious, clean-cut image. ", "Worldbeat is a music genre that blends Western pop music or rock music with world music or folk music influences. Worldbeat is similar to other cross pollination labels of contemporary and roots genres, and which suggest a rhythmic, harmonic or textural contrast between its modern and ethnic elements.", "Brian Peter George St John le Baptiste de la Salle Eno, RDI (born 15 May 1948 and originally christened Brian Peter George Eno) is an English musician, composer, record producer, singer, writer, and visual artist. He is best known for his pioneering work in ambient and electronic music as well as his contributions to rock, worldbeat, chance, and generative music styles. A self-described \"non-musician\", Eno has advocated a methodology of \"theory over practice\" throughout his career, and has helped to introduce a variety of unique recording techniques and conceptual approaches into contemporary music. He has been described as one of popular music's most influential and innovative figures.", "`` Strange Overtones '' is a song recorded by David Byrne and Brian Eno , written by the duo with Leo Abrahams . It was released on August 4 , 2008 by means of free download as the lead single from Byrne 's and Eno 's second collaborative studio album Everything That Happens Will Happen Today ( 2008 ) . `` Strange Overtones '' is an uptempo electronic gospel song , and its lyrics explore the themes of humanity overcoming technology that are central to the album . `` Strange Overtones '' was well received by critics , and was downloaded 40,000 times in its first three days of release .", "A multi-instrumentalist is a musician who plays two or more musical instruments at a professional level. Multi-instrumentalists who play closely related instruments, a practice known as doubling are common in orchestra (e.g., flute players who double on piccolo and percussion players, who play snare drum, cymbals, bass drum, etc.), in jazz (e.g., saxophone players who double on clarinet or flute; or double bass players who also play electric bass); in music theatre pit orchestras (e.g., reed players who are required to play numerous reed instruments); and in other areas of classical music (e.g., church piano players are often expected to play the church's pipe organ or Hammond organ as well). Popular music composers and songwriters are often multi-instrumentalists. In pop and rock, it is more common than in classical or jazz for performers to be multi-instrumentalists on instruments that are not from the same family: it is common for pop and rock musicians to play both guitar and keyboards. Many bluegrass musicians are multi-instrumentalists. Some musicians' unions or associations specify a higher rate of pay for musicians who double on two or more instruments for a performance or recording.", "Albums of recorded music were developed in the early 20th century, first as books of individual 78rpm records, then from 1948 as vinyl LP records played at  rpm. Vinyl LPs are still issued, though in the 21st century album sales have mostly focused on compact disc (CD) and MP3 formats. The audio cassette was a format used from the late 1970s through to the 1990s alongside vinyl." ]

[ "album", "english", "funk", "labels", "pop", "studio album", "todo mundo" ]

[ "Kirana Gharana is one of the most prolific Hindustani khyal gharanas, and is concerned foremost with perfect intonation of notes (swara) or \"sur\".", "Firoz Dastur also Feroze Dastur ( 30 September 1919 -- 9 May 2008 ) was an Indian film actor and a Hindustani vocalist from the Kirana Gharana .", "Khyal (or Khayal, Urdu: , Hindi: ) is the modern genre of classical singing in North India. Its name comes from an Arabic word meaning \"imagination\". It is thought to have developed out of Dhrupad introducing frequent taans and alankars in it. It appeared more recently than dhrupad, is a more free and flexible form, and it provides greater scope for improvisation. Like all Indian classical music, khyal is modal, with a single melodic line and no harmonic parts. The modes are called raga, and each raga is a complicated framework of melodic rules." ]

[ "hindi", "urdu" ]

[ "Addis Ababa (' , \"new flower\" \"Natural Spring(s)\") or Addis Abeba (the spelling used by the official Ethiopian Mapping Authority), is the capital and largest city of Ethiopia. It has a population of 3,384,569 according to the 2007 population census, with annual growth rate of 3.8%. This number has been increased from the originally published 2,738,248 figure and appears to be still largely underestimated.", "Jean - Baptiste Manwangari is a Burundian born in the 50s . It is from the Kirundo Province and more precisely in Busoni commune in northern Burundi.He was a member of the Pan-African Parliament from Burundi . Manwangari is a member of the nationalist Union for National Progress party . He is also a Tutsi.Since the beginning of his political career ( under the chairmanship of President Jean - Baptiste Bagaza ) , he is a very influential members of Union for National Progress party of which he was the chairman . Indeed , member of various governments since 1976,he was on the head of different National department , such as Justice , Interior , Transport , Post and Telecommunications , territorial administration and was a leading senior advisor to the President Pierre Buyoya for political and legal questions . It was also a long time a member of parliament as MP and Senator", "The Pan-African Parliament (PAP), also known as the African Parliament, is the legislative body of the African Union and held its inaugural session in March 2004. The PAP exercises oversight, and has advisory and consultative powers, lasting for the first five years. Initially the seat of the Pan-African Parliament was in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia but it was later moved to Midrand, South Africa.", "The African Union (AU) is a continental union consisting of all 55 countries on the African continent. It was established on 26 May 2001 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and launched on 9 July 2002 in South Africa, with the aim of replacing the Organisation of African Unity (OAU). The most important decisions of the AU are made by the Assembly of the African Union, a semi-annual meeting of the heads of state and government of its member states. The AU's secretariat, the African Union Commission, is based in Addis Ababa.", "South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded on the south by of coastline of Southern Africa stretching along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans, on the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe, and on the east and northeast by Mozambique and Swaziland, and surrounding the kingdom of Lesotho. South Africa is the 25th-largest country in the world by land area, and with close to 56 million people, is the world's 24th-most populous nation. It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World or the Eastern Hemisphere. It is the only country that borders both the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean. About 80 percent of South Africans are of Sub-Saharan African ancestry, divided among a variety of ethnic groups speaking different Bantu languages, nine of which have official status. The remaining population consists of Africa's largest communities of European (white), Asian (Indian), and multiracial (coloured) ancestry.", "General Michel Micombero (19401983) was a Burundian politician and soldier who ruled the country as its first President and \"de facto\" dictator for the decade between 1966 and 1976. Micombero was a member of the Tutsi ethnic group.", "Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most-populous continent. At about 30.3 million km² (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4 % of its total land area. With 1.1 billion people as of 2013, it accounts for about 15% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognized sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two \"de facto\" independent states with limited or no recognition.", "A landlocked state or landlocked country is a sovereign state entirely enclosed by land, or whose only coastlines lie on closed seas. There are currently 48 such countries, including four partially recognised states. Only two, Bolivia and Paraguay in South America, lie outside Afro-Eurasia (the Old World).", "Midrand is an area in central Gauteng Province, South Africa. It is situated between Centurion and Kyalami, and is part of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality.", "Major Pierre Buyoya (born 24 November 1949 in Rutovu, Bururi Province) is a Burundian politician who has ruled Burundi twice, from 1987 to 1993 and from 1996 to 2003. With 13 years combined as Head of State, Buyoya is the longest serving Burundian President.", "Rwanda (or ), officially the Republic of Rwanda, is a sovereign state in central and east Africa and one of the smallest countries on the African mainland. Located a few degrees south of the Equator, Rwanda is bordered by Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Rwanda is in the African Great Lakes region and is highly elevated; its geography is dominated by mountains in the west and savanna to the east, with numerous lakes throughout the country. The climate is temperate to subtropical, with two rainy seasons and two dry seasons each year.", "Burundi (or ), officially the Republic of Burundi ( or ), is a landlocked country in the African Great Lakes region of East Africa, bordered by Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. It is also considered part of Central Africa. Burundi's capital is Bujumbura. The southwestern border is adjacent to Lake Tanganyika.", "Tanzania , officially the United Republic of Tanzania, is a country in Eastern Africa within the African Great Lakes region. Parts of the country are in Southern Africa. It is bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north; Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west; Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique to the south; and by the Indian Ocean to the east. Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa's highest mountain, is in northeastern Tanzania.", "Colonel Jean-Baptiste Bagaza (19462016) was a Burundian soldier and politician who ruled Burundi as President and \"de facto\" military dictator from November 1976 to September 1987. Bagaza took power in the bloodless coup d'état of 1976, ousting the former president Michel Micombero who had taken power in the November coup of 1966. Bagaza's regime was itself overthrown in the bloodless 1987 Burundian coup d'état.", "The Union for National Progress (UPRONA) is a nationalist political party in Burundi, receiving most of its support from members of the Tutsi ethnic group. It is celebrated for its role in gaining Burundian independence. ", "An ethnic group or ethnicity is a category of people who identify with each other based on similarities, such as common ancestral, language, social, cultural or national experiences. Unlike other social groups (wealth, age, hobbies), ethnicity is often an inherited status based on the society in which one lives. In some cases, it can be adopted if a person moves into another society. Membership of an ethnic group tends to be defined by a shared cultural heritage, ancestry, origin myth, history, homeland, language or dialect, symbolic systems such as religion, mythology and ritual, cuisine, dressing style, art, and physical appearance." ]

[ "centurion", "colonel", "general", "major", "member", "mountain", "official", "politician", "religion", "soldier", "sovereign" ]

[ "A record label or record company is a brand or trademark associated with the marketing of music recordings and music videos. Often, a record label is also a publishing company that manages such brands and trademarks, coordinates the production, manufacture, distribution, marketing, promotion, and enforcement of copyright for sound recordings and music videos; conducts talent scouting and development of new artists (\"artists and repertoire\" or \"A&R\"); and maintains contracts with recording artists and their managers. The term \"record label\" derives from the circular label in the center of a vinyl record which prominently displays the manufacturer's name, along with other information.", "Venture capital (VC) is a type of private equity, a form of financing that is provided by firms or funds to small, early-stage, emerging firms that are deemed to have high growth potential, or which have demonstrated high growth (in terms of number of employees, annual revenue, or both). Venture capital firms or funds invest in these early-stage companies in exchange for equityan ownership stakein the companies they invest in. Venture capitalists take on the risk of financing risky start-ups in the hopes that some of the firms they support will become successful. The start-ups are usually based on an innovative technology or business model and they are usually from the high technology industries, such as information technology (IT), social media or biotechnology.", "EMI (officially EMI Group Limited, originally an initialism for Electric and Musical Industries and often known as EMI Records and EMI Music) was a British multinational conglomerate founded in March 1931 and was based in London. At the time of its break-up in 2012, it was the fourth-largest business group and family of record labels in the recording industry and was one of the big four record companies (now the big three). Its EMI Records Ltd. group of record labels included EMI Records, Parlophone, Virgin Records and Capitol Records. EMI also had a major publishing arm, EMI Music Publishingalso based in London with offices globally.", "Anthony James Donegan MBE (29 April 1931 3 November 2002), known as Lonnie Donegan, was a British skiffle singer, songwriter and musician, referred to as the King of Skiffle, who influenced 1960s British pop musicians. The \"British Hit Singles & Albums\" lists him as \"Britain's most successful and influential recording artist before the Beatles\".", "Nik Powell (born 4 November 1950) is a British businessman and one of the co-founders of the Virgin Group with Richard Branson. After operating a mail-order company, a small record shop, and a recording studio, the partners established Virgin Records in 1972. It became one of the UK's major recording labels until it was sold to EMI in 1992.", "Sir Richard Charles Nicholas Branson (born 18 July 1950) is an English business magnate, investor and philanthropist. He founded the Virgin Group, which controls more than 400 companies.", "Virgin Group Ltd. is a British Multinational corporation venture capital Conglomerate founded by entrepreneurs Sir Richard Branson and Nik Powell.", "Brotherhood of Man are a British pop group who achieved success in the 1970s. They won the 1976 Eurovision Song Contest with \"Save Your Kisses for Me\".", "`` Wish I Was '' is a 1983 single by British singer Sandie Shaw . Shaw was most famous for being the most successful British female singer of the 1960s , thanks to a string of hit singles on the Pye Records label . She had semi-retired in 1972 and had released very little work for the following ten years until she recorded `` Anyone Who Had a Heart '' for the B.E.F. 's `` Music Of Quality And Distinction '' album . Shaw was by now romantically involved with Nik Powell , co-founder of the Virgin Group and Palace Entertainment , who she would later marry . Her involvement with Powell had led her to become involved with the B.E.F. 's album , and the following year she released an album entitled Choose Life in support of the World Peace Exposition . Around 1,000 copies of the album were released as promotional copies only but demand from fans led to an official release on the Palace label .", "Virgin Records is a major record label first founded by English entrepreneur Richard Branson, Simon Draper, Nik Powell and musician Tom Newman in 1972. The company grew to be a worldwide phenomenon over time with the success of its platinum performers such as Janet Jackson, Roy Orbison, Devo, Genesis, Keith Richards, the Human League, Culture Club, Simple Minds, Lenny Kravitz, dc Talk, the Smashing Pumpkins, Mike Oldfield, Spice Girls and more on their list of artists. It was later sold to Thorn EMI in 1992.", "Petula Clark, CBE (born Sally Olwen Clark, 15 November 1932) is an English singer, actress and composer whose career has spanned seven decades.", "Pye Records was a British record label. Its best known artists were Lonnie Donegan (195669), Petula Clark (195771), the Searchers (196367), the Kinks (196471), Sandie Shaw (196471), Status Quo (196871) and Brotherhood of Man (197579). The label changed its name in 1980, but was briefly reactivated in 2006.", "The Kinks were an English rock band formed in Muswell Hill, North London, in 1964 by brothers Ray and Dave Davies. They are regarded as one of the most important and influential rock bands of the era. The band emerged during the height of British rhythm and blues and Merseybeat, and were briefly part of the British Invasion of the US until their touring ban in 1965. Their third single, the Ray Davies-penned \"You Really Got Me\", became an international hit, topping the charts in the United Kingdom and reaching the Top 10 in the United States. Between the mid-1960s and early 1970s, the group released a string of hit singles; studio albums drew good reviews but sold less than compilations of their singles. Their music was influenced by a wide range of genres, including rhythm and blues, British music hall, folk and country. They gained a reputation for reflecting English culture and lifestyle, fuelled by Ray Davies' observational writing style. Albums such as \"Something Else\" (1967), \"The Kinks Are the Village Green Preservation Society\" (1968), \"Arthur\" (1969), \"Lola Versus Powerman\" (1970), along with their accompanying singles, are considered among the most influential recordings of the period. ", "A multinational corporation\"\" or worldwide Enterprise is a corporate organization that owns or controls production of goods or services in one or more countries other than their home country. It can also be referred as an international corporation, a transnational corporation, or a stateless corporation." ]

[ "april", "band", "business group", "capital", "club", "company", "country", "enterprise", "family", "good", "group", "hall", "hill", "industry", "information", "initialism", "invasion", "july", "limited", "list", "mail", "march", "model", "multinational corporation", "music", "musician", "november", "number", "order", "organization", "ownership", "period", "phenomenon", "pop", "pop group", "preservation", "production", "promotion", "record company", "record label", "recording studio", "rock", "rock band", "shop", "single", "society", "song", "sound", "stage", "status", "string", "studio", "term", "three", "village", "will", "writing", "writing style" ]

[ "Batman Forever is a 1995 American superhero film directed by Joel Schumacher and produced by Tim Burton, based on the DC Comics character Batman. It is the third installment of the , with Val Kilmer replacing Michael Keaton as Bruce Wayne / Batman. The film stars Chris O'Donnell, Nicole Kidman, Tommy Lee Jones and Jim Carrey. The plot focuses on Batman trying to stop Two-Face (Jones) and the Riddler (Carrey) in their villainous scheme to extract confidential information from all the minds in Gotham City and use it to learn Batman's identity and bring the city under their control. He gains allegiance from a love interestpsychiatrist Dr. Chase Meridian (Kidman) and a young, orphaned circus acrobat named Dick Grayson (O'Donnell), who becomes his sidekick Robin.", "A film director is a person who directs the making of a film. Generally, a film director controls a film's artistic and dramatic aspects, and visualizes the script while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision. The director has a key role in choosing the cast members, production design, and the creative aspects of filmmaking. Under European Union law, the director is viewed as the author of the film.", "Moulin Rouge! (from ) is a 2001 AustralianAmerican pseudo-pastiche jukebox musical film directed, produced, and co-written by Baz Luhrmann. It tells the story of a young English poet/writer, Christian (Ewan McGregor), who falls in love with the star of the Moulin Rouge, cabaret actress and courtesan Satine (Nicole Kidman). It uses the musical setting of the Montmartre Quarter of Paris, France.", "The Matrix Reloaded is a 2003 American-Australian science fiction action film, the first sequel to \"The Matrix\", and the second installment in \"The Matrix\" trilogy, written and directed by The Wachowski Brothers. It premiered on May 7, 2003, in Westwood, Los Angeles, California, and went on general release by Warner Bros. in North American theaters on May 15, 2003, and around the world during the latter half of that month. It was also screened out of competition at the 2003 Cannes Film Festival. The video game \"Enter the Matrix\", which was released on May 15, and a collection of nine animated shorts, \"The Animatrix\", which was released on June 3, supported and expanded the storyline of the film. \"The Matrix Revolutions\", which completes the story, was released six months after \"Reloaded\", in November 2003.", "Oliver Hirschbiegel (born 29 December 1957) is a German film director. His works include \"Das Experiment\" and the Oscar-nominated \"Downfall\".", "Daniel Wroughton Craig (born 2 March 1968) is an English actor. He trained at the National Youth Theatre and graduated from the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in 1991, before beginning his career on stage. His film debut was in the drama \"The Power of One\" (1992). Other early appearances were in the Disney family film \"A Kid in King Arthur's Court\" (1995) and the biographical film \"Elizabeth\" (1998), as well as in the historical war drama television series \"Sharpe's Eagle\" (1993) and the action-adventure drama series \"Zorro\". Cast as the fictional British secret agent James Bond in October 2005, his first film in the role, \"Casino Royale\", was released internationally in November 2006.", "Far and Away is a 1992 American romantic adventure drama film directed by Ron Howard from a script by Howard and Bob Dolman. It stars Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman. The cinematographer was Mikael Salomon, and the music score was done by John Williams. It was screened out of competition at the 1992 Cannes Film Festival.", "Days of Thunder is a 1990 American sports action drama film released by Paramount Pictures, produced by Don Simpson and Jerry Bruckheimer and directed by Tony Scott. The cast includes Tom Cruise, Nicole Kidman, Robert Duvall, Randy Quaid, Cary Elwes, Caroline Williams, and Michael Rooker. The film also features appearances by real life NASCAR racers, such as Rusty Wallace, Neil Bonnett, and Harry Gant. Commentator Dr. Jerry Punch, of ESPN, has a cameo appearance, as does co-producer Don Simpson.", "Nicole Mary Kidman, AC (born 20 June 1967) is an Australian actress and film producer. Kidman's breakthrough roles were in the 1989 feature film thriller \"Dead Calm\" and television thriller miniseries \"Bangkok Hilton\". Appearing in several films in the early 1990s, she came to worldwide recognition for her performances in the stock-car racing film \"Days of Thunder\" (1990), the romance-drama \"Far and Away\" (1992), and the hero film \"Batman Forever\" (1995). Other successful films followed in the late 1990s. Her performance in the musical \"Moulin Rouge!\" (2001) earned her a second Golden Globe Award for Best Actress Motion Picture Comedy or Musical and her first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress. Kidman's performance as Virginia Woolf in the drama film \"The Hours\" (2002) received critical acclaim and earned her the Academy Award for Best Actress, the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role, the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture Drama and the Silver Bear for Best Actress at the Berlin International Film Festival.", "The Matrix is a 1999 science fiction film written and directed by The Wachowskis, starring Keanu Reeves, Laurence Fishburne, Carrie-Anne Moss, Hugo Weaving, and Joe Pantoliano. It depicts a dystopian future in which reality as perceived by most humans is actually a simulated reality called \"the Matrix\", created by sentient machines to subdue the human population, while their bodies' heat and electrical activity are used as an energy source. Computer programmer \"Neo\" learns this truth and is drawn into a rebellion against the machines, which involves other people who have been freed from the \"dream world\".", "The Invasion is a 2007 science fiction thriller horror film starring Nicole Kidman and Daniel Craig , directed by Oliver Hirschbiegel , with additional scenes written by The Wachowskis and directed by James McTeigue . The Invasion is the fourth film adaptation of the 1955 novel The Body Snatchers by Jack Finney , following Don Siegel 's 1956 film Invasion of the Body Snatchers , Philip Kaufman 's 1978 remake of the same name , and Abel Ferrara 's 1993 Body Snatchers .", "Ninja Assassin is a 2009 German-American neo-noir martial arts thriller film directed by James McTeigue. The story was written by Matthew Sand, with a screenplay by J. Michael Straczynski. The film stars South Korean pop musician Rain as a disillusioned assassin looking for retribution against his former mentor, played by ninja film legend Sho Kosugi. \"Ninja Assassin\" explores political corruption, child endangerment and the impact of violence. Known for their previous work on the \"Matrix Trilogy\" and \"V for Vendetta\", Lana and Lilly Wachowski, Joel Silver, and Grant Hill produced the film. A collective effort to commit to the film's production was made by Legendary Pictures, Dark Castle Entertainment and Silver Pictures. It was distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures.", "A Kid in King Arthur's Court is a 1995 Disney family film directed by Michael Gottlieb. It is based on the famous Mark Twain novel \"A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court\" (previously filmed by Disney as \"Unidentified Flying Oddball\" in 1978 in which Ron Moody also played Merlin), transplanted into the twentieth century. Trimark later released a sequel, \"A Kid in Aladdin's Palace\", in 1998, but without Disney's involvement. Since Trimark's dissolution, the sequel is now distributed by Lions Gate Entertainment.", "James McTeigue (born 29 December 1967) is an Australian film director. He has been an assistant director on many films, including \"Dark City\" (1998), the \"Matrix trilogy\" (19992003) and \"\" (2002), and made his directorial debut with the 2006 film \"V for Vendetta\" to critical acclaim. Since \"Vendetta\" he has collaborated with the Wachowskis an additional three times as director on \"The Invasion\" (albeit uncredited), \"Ninja Assassin\" and \"Sense8\".", "The role of an assistant director on a film includes tracking daily progress against the filming production schedule, arranging logistics, preparing daily call sheets, checking cast and crew, and maintaining order on the set. They also have to take care of the health and safety of the crew. The role of an assistant to the director is often confused with assistant director but the responsibilities are entirely different. The assistant to the director manages all of the Director's in development, pre-production, while on set, through post-production and is often involved in both personal management as well as creative aspects of the production process. Historically, assistant to director was a stepping stone to directing work; Alfred Hitchcock was an AD, as was James McTeigue. This transition into film directing is no longer common in feature films. It is more common now for an assistant to the director to transition to a production management or producer role than to directing. ", "Lana Wachowski (formerly Laurence \"Larry\" Wachowski, born June 21, 1965) and Lilly Wachowski (formerly Andrew Paul \"Andy\" Wachowski, born December 29, 1967) are sister American film directors, screenwriters, and producers. They are both transwomen. Known together professionally as The Wachowskis and formerly as The Wachowski Brothers, the pair made their directing debut in 1996 with \"Bound\", and reached fame with their second film \"The Matrix\" (1999), a major box office success for which they won the Saturn Award for Best Director. They wrote and directed its two sequels: \"The Matrix Reloaded\" and \"The Matrix Revolutions\" (both in 2003), and were deeply involved in the writing and production of other works in the franchise.", "The National Youth Theatre is a registered charity in London. It is committed to the development of young people through the medium of creative arts, and aims to use theatre to aid in this objective. It was founded in 1956 as the world's first youth theatre and has built a reputation as a breeding ground for renowned actors such as Daniel Craig, Daniel Day-Lewis, Chiwetel Ejiofor, Idris Elba, Colin Firth, Derek Jacobi, Ben Kingsley, Ian McShane, Helen Mirren, Rosamund Pike, and Kate Winslet, as well as musicians such as Sophie Ellis-Bextor and Ed Sheeran (see for a full list)." ]

[ "alfred hitchcock", "baz luhrmann", "bob dolman", "european union", "ewan mcgregor", "film producer", "helen mirren", "idris elba", "jerry bruckheimer", "joel schumacher", "joel silver", "lana wachowski", "laurence fishburne", "legendary pictures", "michael gottlieb", "nicole kidman", "paramount pictures", "paris", "robert duvall", "ron howard", "sophie", "the wachowskis", "tim burton", "warner bros ." ]

[ "Dashboard Confessional is an American rock band from Boca Raton, Florida, led by singer-songwriter Chris Carrabba. The name of the band is derived from the song \"The Sharp Hint of New Tears\" off their debut album, \"The Swiss Army Romance\".", "Vagrant Records is an American record label based in California. It was founded in 1995 by Rich Egan, and is currently run by President Jon Cohen. The label focuses on rock but features artists in a variety of other genres including folk, soul, electronic, and pop. It is home to artists such as The 1975, Death Spells, Eels, Bad Suns, Edward Sharpe and the Magnetic Zeroes, CRUISR, Active Child, PJ Harvey, School of Seven Bells, Black Rebel Motorcycle Club, James Vincent McMorrow, Black Joe Lewis, Wake Owl, Blitzen Trapper, and Bombay Bicycle Club. Originally, Vagrant Records was mostly focused on emo bands such as Dashboard Confessional, Saves the Day, The Get Up Kids, and Alkaline Trio. In 2014, it was acquired by BMG Rights Management.", "Further Seems Forever is an American rock band formed in 1998 in Pompano Beach, Florida. Over its initial eight-year run the band experienced several lineup changes, resulting in a different lead vocalist performing on each of their first three studio albums. Original singer Chris Carrabba recorded \"The Moon Is Down\" (2001) with the group before leaving to start Dashboard Confessional. He was replaced by Jason Gleason, who performed on \"How to Start a Fire\" (2003) but left the band the following year. Former Sense Field vocalist Jon Bunch joined Further Seems Forever for \"Hide Nothing\" (2004). The band broke up in 2006 but reunited four years later with Carrabba on vocals. Their fourth studio album, \"Penny Black\", was released in 2012.", "Christopher Andrew \"Ender\" Carrabba (born April 10, 1975) is the lead singer and guitarist of the band Dashboard Confessional, lead singer of the band Further Seems Forever, and is the vocalist for the folk band Twin Forks. ", "`` Hands Down '' is a song by Dashboard Confessional that was originally recorded for the acoustic So Impossible EP in 2001 , which told the story of a date that Chris Carrabba had in his late teens / early twenties . It was re-recorded for the LP A Mark , a Mission , a Brand , a Scar in 2003 with a full band . Carrabba has said that this song is about the best day and date that he 's ever had , and introduces it as such at concerts .", "The Swiss Army Romance is the first full-length album by Dashboard Confessional.", "So Impossible EP is Dashboard Confessional's second EP. It was released on December 18, 2001 through Vagrant Records. The EP release was also widely acclaimed and received great scores in music review magazines like SPIN. All four songs would later be performed in Dashboard Confessional's MTV Unplugged performance. The same performance was released as an album in 2002.", "A Mark, a Mission, a Brand, a Scar is the third studio album recorded by the band Dashboard Confessional. The album was released on August 19, 2003 and has been certified gold by RIAA, meaning it has shipped over 500,000 copies in the United States. \"Hands Down\" was released to radio on July 15, 2003. \"Rapid Hope Loss\" was released to radio on December 9, 2003." ]

[ "album", "label", "record", "studio album", "vagrant records" ]

[ "Aue is a small town in Germany at the outlet of the river Schwarzwasser into the river Mulde in the Ore Mountains, and has roughly 18,000 inhabitants. Aue was the administrative seat of the former district of Aue-Schwarzenberg in Saxony, and is part of the Erzgebirgskreis since August 2008. It belongs to the Silberberg Town League (\"Städtebund Silberberg\")", "Berlin is the capital and the largest city of Germany as well as one of its constituent 16 states. With a population of approximately 3.5 million people, Berlin is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union. Located in northeastern Germany on the banks of rivers Spree and Havel, it is the centre of the Berlin-Brandenburg Metropolitan Region, which has about 6 million residents from more than 180 nations. Due to its location in the European Plain, Berlin is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. Around one-third of the city's area is composed of forests, parks, gardens, rivers and lakes.", "The Sparkassen - Erzgebirgsstadion ( Sparkassen - Ore Mountains Stadium ) is a multi-purpose stadium in Aue , Germany . It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of FC Erzgebirge Aue . The stadium is able to hold 15,690 people and was built in 1950 .", "The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million. The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states. EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital within the internal market, enact legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries, and regional development. Within the Schengen Area, passport controls have been abolished. A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002, and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency.", "Munich (also in British English ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Bavaria, on the banks of River Isar north of the Bavarian Alps. Munich is the third largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Hamburg, and the 12th biggest city of the European Union, with a population of above 1.5 million. The Munich Metropolitan Region is home to 5.8 million people.", "Düsseldorf (Low Franconian, Ripuarian: \"Düsseldörp\" ) is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the seventh most populous city in Germany. Düsseldorf is an international business and financial centre, renowned for its fashion and trade fairs. The city is headquarters to one Fortune Global 500 and two DAX companies. Messe Düsseldorf organises nearly one fifth of premier trade shows.", "Frankfurt am Main is a metropolis and the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany, with a 2015 population of 731,095 within its administrative boundaries, and 2.3 million in its urban area. The city is at the centre of the larger Frankfurt Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region, which has a population of 5.8 million and is Germany's second-largest metropolitan region after Rhine-Ruhr. Since the enlargement of the European Union in 2013, the geographic centre of the EU is about to the east of Frankfurt's CBD, the Bankenviertel. Frankfurt is culturally and ethnically diverse, with around half of the population, and a majority of young people, having a migration background. A quarter of the population are foreign nationals, including many expatriates.", "Cologne is the largest city in the German federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia and the fourth-largest city in Germany (after Berlin, Hamburg, and Munich). It is located within the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region, one of the major European metropolitan regions and the largest in Germany, with more than ten million inhabitants.", "Stuttgart ( Swabian: \"Schduagert\"), often nicknamed the \"\"Schwabenmetropole\"\" in reference to its location in the center of Swabia and the local dialect spoken by some natives, is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley locally known as the \"Stuttgarter Kessel\" an hour from the Swabian Jura and the Black Forest. Stuttgart's name comes from the Old High German word \"\"Stuogarten\",\" or \"stud farm\" a reference to the city's founding in 950 AD as a stud farm. Stuttgarts urban area has a population of 623,738, and a further making it the sixth largest city in Germany, 2.7 million people live in the citys administrative region, and another 5.3 million people in its metropolitan area, making it the fourth largest metropolitan area in Germany.", "Aue-Schwarzenberg is a former district in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It was bounded by (from the south and clockwise) the Czech Republic and the districts of Vogtlandkreis, Zwickauer Land, Stollberg and Annaberg.", "Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular immigration destination in the world. Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin. Other major cities include Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart and Düsseldorf.", "Erzgebirgskreis is a district (\"Kreis\") in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It is named after the Erzgebirge (\"Ore Mountains\"), a mountain range in the southern part of the district which forms part of the GermanyCzech Republic border. It borders (from the west and clockwise) the districts of Vogtlandkreis and Zwickau, the urban district Chemnitz, the district Mittelsachsen and the Czech Republic.", "Hamburg (local pronunciation ; Low German/Low Saxon: \"Hamborg\" ), officially \"Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg\" (Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg), is the second largest city in Germany and the eighth largest city in the European Union. It is the second smallest German state by area. Its population is over 1.7 million people, and the wider Hamburg Metropolitan Region covers more than 5.1 million inhabitants. The city is situated on the river Elbe.", "Fußball Club Erzgebirge Aue e.V., commonly known as simply FC Erzgebirge Aue or Erzgebirge Aue, is a German football club based in Aue, Saxony. The former East German side was a founder member of the 3. Liga in 200809, after being relegated from the 2. Bundesliga in 200708. The city of Aue has a population of about 18,000, making it one of the smallest cities to ever host a club playing at the second highest level of German football. However, the team attracts supporters from a larger urban area that includes Chemnitz and Zwickau, whose own football sides are among Aue's traditional rivals.", "The Free State of Saxony is a landlocked federal state of Germany, bordering the federal states of Brandenburg, Saxony Anhalt, Thuringia, and Bavaria, as well as the countries of Poland (Lower Silesian and Lubusz Voivodeships) and the Czech Republic (Karlovy Vary, Liberec and Ústí nad Labem Regions). Its capital is Dresden, and its largest city is Leipzig.", "Chemnitz, known from 1953 to 1990 as Karl-Marx-Stadt, is the third-largest city in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. Chemnitz is an independent city which is not part of any county and seat of the \"Landesdirektion Sachsen\". Located in the northern foothills of the Ore Mountains, it is part of the Central German Metropolitan Region. The city's economy is based on the service sector and manufacturing industry. Chemnitz University of Technology has around 10,000 students.", "The euro (sign: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of the eurozone, which consists of 19 of the member states of the European Union: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain. The currency is also officially used by the institutions of the European Union and four other European countries, as well as unilaterally by two others, and is consequently used daily by some 337 million Europeans . Outside of Europe, a number of overseas territories of EU members also use the euro as their currency.", "The 2. Bundesliga (\"Zweite Bundesliga\") is the second division of professional football in Germany. The 2. Bundesliga is ranked below the Bundesliga and above the 3. Liga in the German football league system. All of the 2. Bundesliga clubs qualify for the DFB-Pokal, the annual German Cup competition. A total of 125 clubs have competed in the 2. Bundesliga since its foundation.", "Zwickau (Sorbian: \"Šwikawa\", Czech \"Cvikov\") is a town in Saxony, Germany, it is the capital of the district of Zwickau. Zwickau is situated in a valley at the foot of the Erzgebirge mountains and is within the Saxon triangle, an area including Leipzig-Halle, Dresden and Chemnitz. The town has approximately 100,000 inhabitants, but has a regional catchment area of over 480,000 people. From 1834 until 1952 Zwickau was the seat of the government of the south-western region of Saxony." ]

[ "belgium", "berlin", "brandenburg", "city", "dresden", "erzgebirgskreis", "estonia", "european union", "frankfurt", "germany", "greece", "italy", "poland", "portugal", "saxony", "stuttgart" ]

[ "Jan Tore Magnus `` Turbo '' Svensson ( born 10 March 1969 ) is a former football midfielder from Vinberg , Sweden . He has played 32 international matches and scored 2 goals for the Sweden national team , and was a squad player for the Euro 2000 and the 2002 FIFA World Cup .", "Sweden, officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund. At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area, with a total population of 10.0 million. Sweden consequently has a low population density of , with the highest concentration in the southern half of the country. Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.", "The FIFA World Cup, often simply called the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of \"\" (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The championship has been awarded every four years since the inaugural tournament in 1930, except in 1942 and 1946 when it was not held because of the Second World War. The current champion is Germany, which won its fourth title at the 2014 tournament in Brazil.", "The 2002 FIFA World Cup was the 17th staging of the FIFA World Cup which took place from 31 May to 30 June 2002 in South Korea and Japan. It was the first World Cup to be held in Asia, the first to be held on a continent other than Europe or the Americas, the last World Cup during which the golden goal rule was in force and the only World Cup to be jointly hosted by more than one nation as FIFA amended its statutes in 2004 to officially forbid co-hosting bids. Brazil won the tournament for a record fifth time, winning the final against Germany 20. The victory meant Brazil qualified for the 2005 FIFA Confederations Cup for the fifth time, representing the World. In the third place play-off match against South Korea, Turkey won 32 taking third place in only their second ever FIFA World Cup finals. China PR, Ecuador, Senegal and Slovenia made their first appearances at the finals with Turkey making its first appearance since 1954.", "Vinberg is a locality and a parish situated in Falkenberg Municipality, Halland County, Sweden, with 592 inhabitants in 2010.", "The golden goal or golden point is a rule used in association football, bandy, lacrosse, field hockey, ice hockey and korfball to decide the winner of a match (typically a knock-out match) in which scores are equal at the end of normal time. It is a type of sudden death. Under this rule, the game will end when a goal or point is scored; the team that scores that goal or point during extra time will be the winner. Introduced formally in 1992, though with some history before that, the rule ceased to apply to most FIFA authorized football games in 2004. The similar silver goal supplemented the golden goal between 2002 and 2004.", "Falkenberg is a locality and the seat of Falkenberg Municipality, Halland County, Sweden, with 20,035 inhabitants in 2010 (out of a municipal total of 41,000). It is located at the mouth of river Ätran. The name consists of the Swedish words for falcon (\"falk\") and mountain (\"berg\"). The main beach of the town, Skrea strand, was awarded a Blue Flag once again in 2007.", "Falkenberg Municipality (\"Falkenbergs kommun\") is a municipality in Halland County on the Swedish west coast. The town Falkenberg is the municipal seat.", "South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a sovereign state in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula.", "Scandinavia is a historical and cultural region in Northern Europe characterized by a common ethnocultural North Germanic heritage and mutually intelligible North Germanic languages.", "Japan (\"Nippon\" or \"Nihon\" ; formally \"\" or \"Nihon-koku\", means \"State of Japan\") is a sovereign island nation in Eastern Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, It is lying off the eastern coast of the Asia Mainland (east of China, Korea, Russia) and stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and near Taiwan in the southwest. ", "The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million. The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states. EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital within the internal market, enact legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries, and regional development. Within the Schengen Area, passport controls have been abolished. A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002, and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency.", "A midfielder is an association football position. Midfielders are generally positioned on the field between their team's defenders and forwards. Some midfielders play a disciplined defensive role, breaking up attacks, and are otherwise known as defensive midfielders. Others blur the boundaries, being more mobile and efficient in passing: they are commonly referred to as deep-lying midfielders, play-makers, box-to-box, or holding midfielders. The number of midfielders on a team and their assigned roles depends on the team's formation; the collective group of these players on the field is sometimes referred to as the midfield.", "Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Europe. The southernmost and smallest of the Nordic countries, it is south-west of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. The Kingdom of Denmark is the sovereign state that comprises Denmark proper and two autonomous constituent countries in the North Atlantic Ocean: the Faroe Islands and Greenland. Denmark has a total area of , and a population of 5.7 million. The country consists of a peninsula, Jutland, and an archipelago of 443 named islands, with the largest being Zealand and Funen. The islands are characterised by flat, arable land and sandy coasts, low elevation and a temperate climate.", "Northern Europe is the northern part or region of Europe. Although no definitive borders or definition exists for the term, geographically, Northern Europe may be considered to consist approximately of all of Europe above the 52nd parallel north; which includes (from west to east) most or all of: Iceland, the Republic of Ireland, the Isle of Man, the United Kingdom, the Faroe Islands, the Netherlands, northern Germany, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, northern Poland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and northwest Russia. However, narrower definitions may also be used based on other geographical factors, such as climate and ecology. Greenland, geographically a part of North America, is politically a part of the Kingdom of Denmark, and may be included depending on the definition.", "The 2005 FIFA Confederations Cup football tournament was the seventh FIFA Confederations Cup. It was held in Germany between 15 June and 29 June 2005, as a prelude to the 2006 FIFA World Cup. The tournament was won by 2002 FIFA World Cup winners Brazil, who defeated Argentina 41 in the final Waldstadion in Frankfurt. The final was a rematch of the Copa América final also won by Brazil. It was Brazil's second win at the Confederations Cup.", "Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a sovereign state in Northern Europe. A peninsula with the Gulf of Finland to the south and the Gulf of Bothnia to the west, the country has land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east. Estonia is south of the country across the Gulf of Finland. Finland is a Nordic country situated in the geographical region of Fennoscandia, which also includes Scandinavia. Finland's population is 5.5 million (2014), staying roughly on the same level over the past two decades. The majority of the population is concentrated in the southern region. In terms of area, it is the eighth largest country in Europe and the most sparsely populated country in the European Union.", "Norway (; Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); Sami: \"Norgga\"), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a sovereign and unitary monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the island Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard. The Antarctic Peter I Island and the sub-Antarctic Bouvet Island are dependent territories and thus not considered part of the Kingdom. Norway also lays claim to a section of Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land. Until 1814, the Kingdom included the Faroe Islands (since 1035), Greenland (1261), and Iceland (1262). It also included Shetland and Orkney until 1468. It also included the following provinces, now in Sweden: Jämtland, Härjedalen and Bohuslän.", "Halland County (\"Hallands län\") is a county (\"län\") on the western coast of Sweden. It corresponds roughly to the cultural and historical province of Halland. The capital is Halmstad." ]

[ "américa", "argentina", "box", "brazil", "china", "denmark", "ecuador", "estonia", "eu", "falkenberg", "faroe islands", "finland", "frankfurt", "germany", "golden", "halmstad", "iceland", "ireland", "island", "isle of man", "japan", "mayen", "mobile", "normal", "norway", "of", "once", "pacific", "parish", "poland", "republic", "sandy", "scandinavia", "shetland", "silver", "south korea", "strand", "sweden", "the americas", "turkey", "union", "zealand" ]

[ "Prince Aimone of Savoy-Aosta, Duke of Apulia (born 13 October 1967) is the second child and first son of Prince Amedeo, 5th Duke of Aosta, one of the two claimants to the former throne of Italy. In 2006, his father declared himself Duke of Savoy and head of the House of Savoy; since then Prince Aimone has styled himself Duke of Aosta. However, because the headship of the royal house is disputed between his father and Vittorio Emanuele, Prince of Naples, he is still referred to as \"Duke of Apulia\".", "Hugh II of Chalon - Arlay ( 1334 -- 1388 ) was the son and successor as lord of Arlay to John II. His mother was Marguerite of Mello ( House of Mello , daughter of the lord of Château - Chinon and of Sainte - Hermine Dreux IV of Mello , and of Eleanor of Savoy , daughter of the duke of Aosta and count of Savoy Amadeus V ) . In 1363 he married Blanche , Dame de Frontenay and daughter of Amadeus III , Count of Geneva . He died without issue and so was succeeded by his nephew John III ( son of Hugh II 's brother Louis I of Chalon - Arlay ) .", "The Hohenstaufen, also called the Staufer or Staufen, were a dynasty of German kings (11381254) during the Middle Ages. Besides Germany, they also ruled the Kingdom of Sicily (11941268). In Italian historiography, they are known as the \"Svevi\" (Swabians), since they were (successive) dukes of Swabia from 1079. Three members of the dynastyFrederick I, Henry VI and Frederick IIwere crowned Holy Roman Emperor.", "Pays de la Loire is one of the 18 regions of France. It is one of the regions created in the 1950s to serve as a zone of influence for its capital, Nantes, one of a handful so-called \"balancing metropolises\" (\"métropoles d'équilibre\")¹. ", "Sainte-Hermine is a commune in the Vendée department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France.", "France, officially the French Republic, is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The European, or metropolitan, area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. France spans and had a total population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017. It is a unitary semi-presidential republic with the capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Other major urban centres include Marseille, Lyon, Lille, Nice, Toulouse and Bordeaux.", "Maria Vittoria dal Pozzo (Maria Vittoria Carlotta Enrichetta; 9 August 1847 8 November 1876) was an Italian noblewoman and was the Princess della Cisterna in her own right. Married to Amedeo of Savoy, Duke of Aosta, a son of Victor Emmanuel II of Italy, she was later the queen of Spain from 1870 until her husband's abdication in 1873. She is an ancestress of the present Duke of Apulia, a claimant to the throne of Italy.", "In the mid-13th century the Hohenstaufen Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II made the County of Aosta a duchy; its arms were carried in the Savoyard coat of arms until the unification of Italy in 1870. The region remained part of Savoy lands, with the exception of a French occupation, 15391563. The title Duke of Aosta was given to various princes of the dynasty of Sardinia, second sons of the reigning monarch. It can be compared to the English Duke of York, French Duke of Orléans, Swedish Duke of Södermanland and the Scottish Duke of Albany. It remained in the branch of Prince Amedeo of Savoia, the second son of king Victor Emanuel II of Italy, as he was the first ever cadet prince Duke of Aosta who left male heirs. The subsidiary titles of the Duke of Aosta are, from the heritage of Maria Vittoria dal Pozzo, the mother of Duke Emanuele Filiberto, Prince della Cisterna and of Belriguardo, Marquess of Voghera, and Count of Ponderano. Ponderano was created in 1559, Voghera in 1618; Cisterna and Belriguardo as princely in 1670. The title has been used since July 2006 by Amedeo's son Prince Aimone, Duke of Apulia (born 1967), who is married to Princess Olga of Greece, younger daughter of Prince Michael of Greece and Denmark.", "Duke of Orléans was a title reserved for French royalty, first created in 1344 by Philip VI in favor of his son Philip of Valois. Known as princes of the blood (\"princes du sang\"), the title of Duke of Orléans was given, when available, to the oldest brother of the king. Thus, they formed a collateral line of the French royal family, with an eventual right to succeed to the throne should more senior princes of the blood die out.", "Prince Michael of Greece and Denmark, (born 7 January 1939) is the author of several historical books and biographies of Greek and other European figures, in addition to working as a contributing writer to \"Architectural Digest\". He is a grandson of King George I of the Hellenes, a descendant of King Louis Philippe d'Orléans and a first cousin of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh." ]

[ "1138", "1194", "1254", "1344", "1539", "1559", "1670", "18", "1847", "1870", "1876", "1939", "1967", "2006", "67", "7", "8 november 1876", "9 august 1847", "august 1847", "january 1939", "october 1967" ]

[ "The Osmonds are an American family music group with a long and varied career a career that took them from singing barbershop music as children to achieving success as teen-music idols, from producing a hit television show to continued success as solo and group performers. The Osmonds are devout members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and their religious values have influenced their careers.", "Shane Steven Filan (born 5 July 1979) is an Irish singer and songwriter. He was one of the lead singers and frontman of boy band Westlife until the group disbanded in 2012. After the group disbanded, Filan released his debut solo album, \"You and Me\", in 2013.", "Westlife were an Irish boy band, formed in Sligo in July 1998 and disbanded in June 2012. Originally signed by Simon Cowell and managed by Louis Walsh, the group's second and final line-up consisted of Nicky Byrne, Kian Egan, Mark Feehily, and Shane Filan. Brian McFadden was a member from July 1998 until his departure in March 2004.", "A boy band (or boyband) is loosely defined as a vocal group consisting of young male singers, usually in their teenage years or in their twenties at the time of formation. The first boy bands consisted of the Beatles, Jackson 5, the Monkees, and the Osmonds singing love songs marketed towards young females. Being vocal groups, most boy band members do not play musical instruments, either in recording sessions or on stage, making the term something of a misnomer. However, exceptions do exist. Many boy bands dance as well as sing, usually giving highly choreographed performances.", "Simon Phillip Cowell (born 7 October 1959) is an English reality television judge and producer, entrepreneur, and philanthropist. He is most recognised as a judge on the British TV talent competition series \"Pop Idol\", \"The X Factor\", and \"Britain's Got Talent\", and the American TV talent competition shows \"American Idol\", \"The X Factor,\" and \"America's Got Talent\". Cowell is the principal founder and chief executive of the British entertainment company Syco.", "Kian John Francis Egan ( born 29 April 1980 ) is an Irish musician , best known as a former member of boy band Westlife . He is a coach on The Voice of Ireland and won the thirteenth series of I 'm a Celebrity ... Get Me Out of Here ! in 2013 .", "The Monkees are an American-British pop rock band originally active between 1965 and 1971, with subsequent reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed. They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider for the American television series \"The Monkees\", which aired from 1966 to 1968. The musical acting quartet was composed of Americans Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith and Peter Tork and British actor and singer Davy Jones. The band's music was initially supervised by producer Don Kirshner.", "Nicholas Bernard James Adam Byrne, Jr. (born 9 October 1978) is an Irish singer-songwriter, radio and TV presenter, dancer, and former semi-professional footballer, best known for being a member of Irish music band Westlife; he was the band's oldest member. Before his music career, he played professional football, representing Republic of Ireland at several junior levels. Since then he has had a successful TV and radio presenting career. His wife Georgina is the daughter of former Taoiseach, Bertie Ahern, and they have twin sons called Rocco Bertie Byrne and Jay Nicky Byrne and a daughter called Gia.", "Brian Nicholas McFadden (born 12 April 1980) is an Irish singer-songwriter and TV presenter who rose to fame in 1998 as a member of the Irish boyband Westlife as one of the lead singers and frontman. When he resided in Australia, he was a judge on \"Australia's Got Talent\".\nFollowing his departure from Westlife in 2004, McFadden released his debut solo album, \"Irish Son\", which peaked within the top 5 on both the Danish and Irish Albums Charts, and produced his first two No. 1 solo singles \"Real to Me\" in four European countries and also \"Almost Here\", a duet with his now ex-fiancée Delta Goodrem which gained a platinum accreditation in Australia. \"Like Only a Woman Can\", the lead single from his second album, \"Set in Stone\" (2008), became his third No. 1 single as a solo artist. In 2010, McFadden scored his fourth No. 1 with the hit single \"Just Say So\", featuring American singer Kevin Rudolf, and gained his second Australian platinum accreditation. The single received a nomination at the 2010 ARIA Music Awards for Most Popular Australian Single.", "Michael Louis Vincent Walsh (born 5 August 1952) known as Louis Walsh is an Irish entertainment manager and judge on British television talent show \"The X Factor\"." ]

[ "actor", "band", "celebrity", "dancer", "entertainment", "entrepreneur", "founder", "member", "musician", "reality television", "religious", "singer", "songwriter", "television" ]

[ "Genocide is intentional action to destroy a people (usually defined as an ethnic, national, racial, or religious group) in whole or in part. The hybrid word \"genocide\" is a combination of the Greek word \"génos\" (\"race, people\") and the Latin suffix \"-cide\" (\"act of killing\"). The United Nations Genocide Convention defines genocide as \"acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group\".", "World War I (WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war (including the victims of a number of genocides), a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history, and paved the way for major political changes, including revolutions in many of the nations involved.", "Captured ! is a 1933 American Pre-Code film about World War I prisoners of war in a German camp . It stars Leslie Howard and Douglas Fairbanks , Jr. and was based on the short story `` Fellow Prisoners '' by Sir Philip Gibbs .", "Cosmo Hamilton (29 April 1870 14 October 1942), born Henry Charles Hamilton Gibbs, was an English playwright and novelist. He was the brother of writers A. Hamilton Gibbs and Sir Philip Gibbs.", "Sir Philip Armand Hamilton Gibbs (1 May 1877 10 March 1962) was an English journalist and prolific author of books who served as one of five official British reporters during the First World War. Two of his siblings were also writers, A. Hamilton Gibbs and Cosmo Hamilton, as was his own son, Anthony. Gibbs was a Roman Catholic. " ]

[ "english", "greek", "latin" ]

[ "North East England is one of the nine regions of England that are classified at the first level of NUTS for statistical purposes. It covers Northumberland, County Durham, Tyne and Wear, and the Tees Valley. The region is home to three large conurbations: Teesside, Wearside, and Tyneside, the latter of which is the largest of the three and the eighth most populous conurbation in the United Kingdom. There are only three cities in the region; Newcastle upon Tyne is the largest city in the region with a population of just under 280,000, followed by Sunderland, both of which are located in the metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear. The city of Durham is the county town of County Durham. Other large settlements in the region include Darlington; Gateshead; Hartlepool; Middlesbrough; South Shields; Stockton-on-Tees; Alnwick and Washington.", "Scotland (Scots: ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain. It shares a border with England to the south, and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the south-west. In addition to the mainland, the country is made up of more than 790 islands, including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.", "Wallsend, historically \"Wallsend on Tyne\", is a large town in North Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, North East of England. Historically part of Northumberland, Wallsend derives its name as the location of the end of Hadrian's Wall. It has a population of 42,842 and lies east of Newcastle City Centre. The population of the Wallsend ward of the North Tyneside Borough was at the 2011 census 10,304.", "Tyne and Wear is a metropolitan county in the North East region of England around the mouths of the rivers Tyne and Wear. It came into existence in 1974 after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972. It consists of the five metropolitan boroughs of South Tyneside, North Tyneside, City of Newcastle upon Tyne, Gateshead and City of Sunderland. It is bounded on the east by the North Sea, and has borders with Northumberland to the north and County Durham to the south.", "Cumbria (; locally ) is a non-metropolitan county in North West England. The county and Cumbria County Council, its local government, came into existence in 1974 after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972. Cumbria's county town is Carlisle, in the north of the county, and the only other major urban area is Barrow-in-Furness on the southwestern tip of the county.", "Jarrow (or ) is a town in north-east England, located on the River Tyne. Historically part of County Durham, in 1974 it became part of the metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear.", "Ashington is a town and civil parish in Northumberland, England. With a population of around 27,000, measured at 27,764 at the 2011 Census; it was once a centre of the coal mining industry. The town is located some north of Newcastle upon Tyne and west of the A189. The south of the town is bordered by the River Wansbeck. The North Sea coast at Newbiggin-by-the-Sea is about from the town centre.", "England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain (which lies in the North Atlantic) in its centre and south; and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight.", "Alnwick is a large market town in north Northumberland, England. The population at the 2011 Census was 8,116.", "Northumberland is a county in North East England. The northernmost county of England, it borders Cumbria to the west, County Durham and Tyne and Wear to the south and Scotland to the north. To the east is the North Sea coastline with a long distance path. The county town is Alnwick although the county council is in Morpeth (for the moment, as there are plans to move it to nearby Ashington). The northernmost point of Northumberland and England is at Marshall Meadows Bay.", "Willington Quay is an area in the borough of North Tyneside in Tyne and Wear in northern England. It is situated on the north bank of the River Tyne, facing Jarrow, and between Wallsend and North Shields. It is served by the Howdon Metro station in Howdon. The area from 2006 onwards has been an area of new housing built on brownfield sites. The house building continues into 2013 and is changing the social and economic balance in the area. The area has also had a make over of the bowling green off Howdon Lane and further warehousing next to the bowling green has been demolished to make way for further new housing. The changes made recently at Willington Quay are now making it an attractive place to live within North Tyneside.", "William Scott ( born in Willington Quay , Northumberland in 1893 ) was an English footballer and football manager who managed in England in the 1940s and 1950s . Scott began his career as an amateur with South Shields prior to the First World War , but joined the Navy in 1914 . He guested for Crystal Palace during the war and was offered a professional contract with Palace when the war ended . However , he chose to remain as an amateur with South Shields where he was assistant manager and masseur in addition to being a player . In January 1923 Shields ' manager Jimmy Lawrence left to manage Preston North End with Scott joining him as trainer . He continued in that role until March 1941 when he became club secretary , leaving in April 1947 to become manager of Blackburn Rovers . His term at Blackburn was cut short when he fell ill , and in his time in charge between March and the start of December 1947 , Blackburn Rovers struggled , winning just 8 and losing 16 of his 28 games . Despite his ill health , he remained with the club as a scout . Having recovered from illness , Scott became manager of Preston in June 1949 . Preston won 78 , lost 49 and drew 36 of his 163 matches at the helm . He led Preston to the Second Division title in the 1950 - 51 season and when he left in March 1953 Preston were challenging for the Football League title , eventually finishing as runners - up on goal average . He was later assistant manager of Sunderland .", "North Shields is a town on the north bank of the River Tyne, in the metropolitan borough of North Tyneside, Tyne and Wear in North East England. Historically part of Northumberland, it is located eight miles (13 km) east-north east of Newcastle upon Tyne.", "Howdon is a largely residential area in the eastern part of Wallsend, Tyne and Wear, England, much of the High Howdon area of which was formerly called Willington prior to post-World War II urbanisation. The North Tyneside ward population at the 2011 Census was 11,129." ]

[ "100", "116", "13", "1972", "1974", "2006", "2011", "27", "280", "42", "764", "790", "8", "842" ]

[ "A portable toilet , often referred to as a porta - potty , honey bucket ( American English ) , Port - a - John ( American English ) , or Portaloo ( UK ) , ( `` Portaloo '' is a UK and European Community registered trade mark ) is a simple portable enclosure containing a chemical toilet ( a toilet bowl filled with disinfectant instead of water ) , and is typically used as a temporary toilet for construction sites or large gatherings because of its durability and convenience . Most portable toilets have black open - front U-shaped toilet seats with a cover . They are often constructed out of lightweight molded plastic . In the wider sense , a portable toilet is also a `` mobile toilet '' , i.e. one that can be moved around , without having to be a chemical toilet . For example , a bucket toilet is also a type of portable toilet .", "A pit latrine or pit toilet is a type of toilet that collects human feces in a hole in the ground. They use either no water or one to three liters per flush with pour-flush pit latrines. When properly built and maintained they can decrease the spread of disease by reducing the amount of human feces in the environment from open defecation. This decreases the transfer of pathogens between feces and food by flies. These pathogens are major causes of infectious diarrhea and intestinal worm infections. Infectious diarrhea resulted in about 700,000 deaths in children under five years old in 2011 and 250 million lost school days. Pit latrines are the lowest cost method of separating feces from people.\nA pit latrine generally consists of three major parts: a hole in the ground, a slab or floor with a small hole, and a shelter. The shelter is often known as an outhouse. The pit is typically at least 3 meters (10 feet) deep and 1 m (3.2 feet) across. The World Health Organization recommends they be built a reasonable distance from the house balancing issues of easy access versus that of smell. The distance from groundwater and surface water should be as large as possible to decrease the risk of groundwater pollution. The hole in the slab should not be larger than 25 centimeters (9.8 inches) to prevent children falling in. Light should be prevented from entering the pit to reduce access by flies. This may require the use of a lid to cover the hole in the floor when not in use. When the pit fills to within 0.5 meters (1.6 feet) of the top, it should be either emptied or a new pit constructed and the shelter moved or re-built at the new location. Fecal sludge management involves emptying pits as well as transporting, treating and using the collected fecal sludge. If this is not carried out properly, water pollution and public health risks can occur.\nA basic pit latrine can be improved in a number of ways. One includes adding a ventilation pipe from the pit to above the structure. This improves airflow and decreases the smell of the toilet. It also can reduce flies when the top of the pipe is covered with mesh (usually made out of fiberglass). In these types of toilets a lid need not be used to cover the hole in the floor. Other possible improvements include a floor constructed so fluid drains into the hole and a reinforcement of the upper part of the pit with bricks, blocks, or cement rings to improve stability.\nAs of 2013 pit latrines are used by an estimated 1.77 billion people. This is mostly in the developing world as well as in rural and wilderness areas. In 2011 about 2.5 billion people did not have access to a proper toilet and one billion resort to open defecation in their surroundings. Southern Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa have the poorest access to toilets. In developing countries the cost of a simple pit toilet is typically between 25 and 60 USD. Ongoing maintenance costs are between 1.5 and 4 USD per person per year which are often not taken into consideration. In some states of India the \"No Toilet, No Bride\" campaign has been used in rural areas to promote toilets by encouraging women to refuse to marry a man who does not own a toilet. This type of campaign is embedded in other change efforts promoted by the Indian government in the \"Clean India Mission\".", "A composting toilet is a type of dry toilet that uses a predominantly aerobic processing system to treat human excreta, by composting or managed aerobic decomposition. These toilets generally use little to no water and may be used as an alternative to flush toilets. They have found use in situations where no suitable water supply or sewer system and sewage treatment plant is available to capture the nutrients in human excreta. They are in use in many roadside facilities and national parks in Sweden, Canada, US, UK and Australia. They are used in rural holiday homes in Sweden and Finland.", "A toilet is a sanitation fixture used for the storing or disposal of human urine and feces. In developed countries, different forms of porcelain flush toilets are common: seats are usually used in the West while squat toilets are common in East Asia. These are connected to a sewer system in most urban areas and to septic tanks in less built-up areas. In many developing countries, especially in rural areas, dry toilets such as pit latrines and composting toilets remain common. Dry toilets are usually placed in outhouses, i.e. not inside the dwelling, and are ideally located away from sources of drinking and bathing water." ]

[ "east asia", "india", "sweden", "world" ]

[ "Star Alliance is one of the world's largest global airline alliances. Founded on 14 May 1997, its current CEO is Mark Schwab and its headquarters is in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. , Star Alliance is the second largest global alliance by passenger count with 641.1 million, after SkyTeam (665.4 million) and ahead of Oneworld (557.4 million). Its slogan is \"The Way The Earth Connects\".", "Air New Zealand Limited is the national airline of New Zealand. Based in Auckland, the airline operates scheduled passenger flights to 21 domestic and 31 international destinations in 19 countries around the Pacific rim and the United Kingdom. The airline has been a member of the Star Alliance since 1999.", "Eagle Airways is a regional airline based in Hamilton , New Zealand with ten crew bases from Kerikeri in the Bay of Islands to Blenheim in the Marlborough region . It is wholly owned by Air New Zealand and operates regional services under the Air New Zealand Link brand . In addition to the seven crew bases the airline owns , it has hubs at Auckland Airport , Christchurch International Airport and Wellington International Airport . The airline will be disbanded by August 2016 , and staff absorbed into Air New Zealand 's other subsidiaries ." ]

[ "oneworld", "star alliance" ]

[ "The Wright Stuff is a British television chat show, hosted by Matthew Wright, and airing on Channel 5 each weekday morning from 9:15 to 11:15am. The series characterises itself as \"Britain's brightest daytime show\", which \"gives ordinary people the chance to talk and comment on everything such as news to the social, emotional and even sexual issues back at home\", as well as featuring \"showbiz stars and media commentators\". \"The Wright Stuff\" has been nominated as \"Best Daytime Programme\" at both the Royal Television Society and the National Television Awards.", "Color (American English) or colour (Commonwealth English) is the characteristic of human visual perception described through color \"categories\", with names such as red, yellow, purple, or bronze. This perception of color derives from the stimulation of cone cells in the human eye by electromagnetic radiation in the spectrum of light. Color categories and physical specifications of color are associated with objects through the wavelength of the light that is reflected from them. This reflection is governed by the object's physical properties such as light absorption, emission spectra, etc. Human trichromacy is the basis for all modern color spaces that assign colors numerical coordinates and associate corresponding distances between colors.", "Television or TV is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome (black-and-white), or in color, and in two or three dimensions and sound. It can refer to a television set, a television program (\"TV show\"), or the medium of television transmission. Television is a mass medium, for entertainment, education, news, and advertising.", "Edgbaston is a suburban area of Central Birmingham, England. It is curved around the southwest of the city centre. It is bordered by Moseley to the south east and by Smethwick and Winson Green to the north west.", "TV-am was a TV company that broadcast the ITV franchise for breakfast television in the United Kingdom from 1 February 1983 until 31 December 1992. The station was the UK's first national operator of a commercial breakfast television franchise. Its daily broadcasts were between 6 am and 9:25 am.", "London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom, as well as the most populous city proper in the European Union. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by the Romans, who named it \"Londinium\". London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its medieval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, \"London\" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which today largely makes up Greater London, governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly.", "A \"metropolitan area\", sometimes referred to as a \"metro area\" or just \"metro\", is a region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated surrounding territories, sharing industry, infrastructure, and housing.\nA metro area usually comprises multiple jurisdictions and municipalities: neighborhoods, townships, boroughs, cities, towns, exurbs, suburbs, counties, districts, states, and even nations like the eurodistricts. As social, economic and political institutions have changed, metropolitan areas have become key economic and political regions. Metropolitan areas include one or more urban areas, as well as satellite cities, towns and intervening rural areas that are socio-economically tied to the urban core, typically measured by commuting patterns.", "Monochrome describes paintings, drawings, design, or photographs in one color or values of one color. A monochromatic object or image reflects colors in shades of limited colors or hues. Images using only shades of grey (with or without black or white) are called grayscale or black-and-white. However, scientifically speaking, monochromatic light refers to visible light of a narrow band of wavelengths (see spectral color).", "BBC London is the BBC English Region producing local radio, television, teletext and online services in London and parts of the surrounding area. Its output includes the daily \"BBC London News\" and weekly \"Sunday Politics\" on television, the BBC Radio London radio station and local coverage of the London area on BBC Online and BBC Red Button. The region's headquarters are situated in the new eastern extension of Broadcasting House.", "A metropolitan borough is a type of local government district in England, and is a subdivision of a metropolitan county. Created in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972, metropolitan boroughs are defined in English law as metropolitan districts. However, all of them have been granted or regranted royal charters to give them borough status (as well as, in some cases, city status). Metropolitan boroughs have been effectively unitary authority areas since the abolition of the metropolitan county councils by the Local Government Act 1985. However, metropolitan boroughs pool much of their authority in joint boards and other arrangements that cover whole metropolitan counties, such as combined authorities.", "BBC Radio Berkshire is the BBC Local Radio service for the English county of Berkshire, North Hampshire, and South Oxfordshire. Radio Berkshire broadcasts on 94.6 (Henley-on-Thames), 95.4 (Windsor), 104.1 (Hannington) and 104.4 (Reading) FM from its studios at Caversham Park near Reading. The station is also available on DAB, Freeview, and through live streaming on the internet, also on demand for thirty days after broadcast through the BBC iPlayer.", "Midlands Today is the BBC's regional television news service for the West Midlands. It was launched in 1964 and is presented on alternating nights by Mary Rhodes or Nick Owen.", "Good Morning with Anne and Nick was a British daytime television show presented by Anne Diamond and Nick Owen . It was broadcast on BBC1 from October 1992 to May 1996 and directly competed with ITV 's This Morning . The show was broadcast from BBC 's Pebble Mill Studios in Birmingham . Both the presenters had previously presented TV - am , the breakfast franchise which ran before the start of the regional ITV programming .", "Entertainment is a form of activity that holds the attention and interest of an audience, or gives pleasure and delight. It can be an idea or a task, but is more likely to be one of the activities or events that have developed over thousands of years specifically for the purpose of keeping an audience's attention. Although people's attention is held by different things, because individuals have different preferences in entertainment, most forms are recognisable and familiar. Storytelling, music, drama, dance, and different kinds of performance exist in all cultures, were supported in royal courts, developed into sophisticated forms and over time became available to all citizens. The process has been accelerated in modern times by an entertainment industry that records and sells entertainment products. Entertainment evolves and can be adapted to suit any scale, ranging from an individual who chooses a private entertainment from a now enormous array of pre-recorded products; to a banquet adapted for two; to any size or type of party, with appropriate music and dance; to performances intended for thousands; and even for a global audience.", "Pebble Mill Studios was a television studio complex owned by the BBC located in Edgbaston, Birmingham, England. The nine acre site was opened by Princess Anne on 10 November 1971, and in addition to the studios contained two canteens, a post office, gardens, a seven storey office block, and an Outside Broadcasting (OB) base.", "Anne Margaret Diamond (born 8 September 1954) is an English radio and television presenter and journalist. She hosted \"Good Morning Britain\" for TV-am and the similarly titled \"Good Morning... with Anne and Nick\" for BBC One, both with Nick Owen as her co-presenter. Currently she presents a phone-in show on BBC Radio Berkshire on weekday mornings from 10:00 am to 1:00 pm and makes regular appearances airing her views as a panellist and stand-in presenter on \"The Wright Stuff\" on Channel 5 and BBC London, and is a regular columnist for the \"Daily Mail\".", "Breakfast Television (BT) is the branding used for morning shows broadcast by stations of Rogers Media's television network City. As of May 2015, versions of \"BT\" are broadcast in Toronto, Vancouver, Calgary, and Montreal); versions used to be broadcast in Winnipeg and Edmonton as well, but have been cancelled and replaced with alternative programming. The version broadcast by the Atlantic Satellite Network (which was owned by Citytv's former parent CHUM Limited, and is now owned by competitor Bell Media) continued to use the brand under licence from Rogers until 2011, when it was re-launched as \"CTV Morning Live\" upon its re-branding as CTV Two Atlantic.", "Nicholas \"Nick\" Corbishley Owen \n(born 1 November 1947) is an English television presenter and newsreader, best known for presenting the breakfast television programme \"TV-am\" and the BBC's local news show \"Midlands Today\" since 1997. He is also the current chairman of Luton Town Football Club.", "Birmingham is a major city and metropolitan borough of West Midlands, England. It is the largest and most populous British city outside London, with a population in 2014 of 1,101,360. The city is in the West Midlands Built-up Area, the third most populous urban area in the United Kingdom, with a population of 2,440,986 at the 2011 census. Birmingham's metropolitan area is the second most populous in the UK with a population of 3.8 million. This also makes Birmingham the 9th most populous metropolitan area in Europe.", "The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster. It is headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, is the world's oldest national broadcasting organisation, and is the largest broadcaster in the world by number of employees, with over 20,950 staff in total, of whom 16,672 are in public sector broadcasting; including part-time, flexible as well as fixed contract staff, the total number is 35,402.", "BBC One is the flagship television channel of the British Broadcasting Corporation in the United Kingdom, Isle of Man and Channel Islands. It was launched on 2 November 1936 as the BBC Television Service, and was the world's first regular television service with a high level of image resolution. It was renamed BBC TV in 1960, using this name until the launch of sister channel BBC2 in 1964, whereupon the BBC TV channel became known as BBC1, with the current spelling adopted in 1997." ]

[ "bbc", "bbc one", "channel 5", "city", "etc", "itv", "one" ]