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ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ . ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืจื›ื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื ืกืคื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ ืฉื•ืื” ืฉื”ื•ื—ืจื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื ืืฆื™ ื•ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื•
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืœื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ืœืืžืฅ ืืช ื”ื“ื’ื ื”ืกืจื‘ื™ ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื”ืžืกื“ื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืžืืžืฆื™ื• ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืืช ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืœืืžืฅ ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื.
500
ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” . ืจื›ืฉ ืžื˜ื•ืก ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ืœื”ื˜ืกืช ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”
ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื‘"ื› ื”ื—ืœื” ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ - ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช 2017 . ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืชื—ื•ื ื—ื“ืฉ, ืžืชืคืชื— ื•ืžื•ืจื›ื‘, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืจื”"ื, ื”ืžืœ"ืœ ื•ื”ืฉื‘"ื› ืœืขืจื‘ ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื”ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืืช ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ื›ืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœืžืคื•ืช ืžื•ืงื“ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ืฉื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืื™ื•ืžื™ ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžืขื ื” ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื.
501
ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ . ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž
.ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื ื•ื”ืœื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืกืžื›ื™ ืžืก"ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื’ื ืช ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืฉื ืช 2020 . ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื’ื ืžืกืžืš ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ื›ืชื‘ ื•ื”ื•ืฉืœื ื‘ืฉื ืช 2020 . ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”ืชื‘ื“ื•ืง ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžืก"ืœ ืื™ืœื• ื ื”ืœื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื” ื•ืชื›ื™ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœื”ื›ื ืชื.
502
ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ . ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”-21, ื”-22 ื•ื”-23 - ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื›ื›ืœื™ ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช
ืžื•ืฆืข ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืชืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืขื• ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉื ื ืคื˜ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื•, ื•ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืืœื• ืฉืชืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืื›ืŸ ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืขื•, ืชืคืขืœ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืกืžื›ื•ืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืžื•ืฆืข ืฉื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืชื™ื™ืฉื ืžื™ื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ื›ืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืชืฉื•ื•ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ืคืกื™ 1,000 ืœื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืžืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื ืคื˜ืจื™ื. ืขื•ื“ ืžื•ืฆืข ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืชื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื ืงื˜ื”, ื™ืฉ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืฉืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื–ื”ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืคื˜ืจื™ื. ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื–ื“ื”ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื–ื”ื•ืชื• ืžื•ืœ ืžืจืฉื ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืžื ื™ืข ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ื‘ืฉื ื ืคื˜ืจื™ื (ืจืื• ืืช ื” ืคืจืง ื‘ื ื•ืฉื "ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืขื˜ืคื•ืช ื”ื›ืคื•ืœื•ืช").
503
ืฆื‘ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืงืจืช - ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžืขืงื‘
ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžืจื—ื‘ ื“ืจื•ื ื‘ืžืฆ"ื— ืชื™ืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ ื•ืคืขืœ ืœื—ื ื™ื›ืช ื”ืจื›ื–ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืืš ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ืฆืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆ"ื— ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ ืœื ืชื•ืงืŸ: ืžืจื—ื‘ ื“ืจื•ื ื ืขืจืš ืžื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ื•ืงื‘ืข ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืืจื‘ืขืช ืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ืจื›ื– ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ืžื ื•ืกื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืงื‘ืข ื›ื—ื•ื ืš ืื™ืฉื™ ืœื›ืœ ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื ื™ื›ื”. ืœืขื•ืžืชื•, ืžืจื—ื‘ ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืœื ื ืขืจืš ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืช ืžืคืงื“ ืžืฆ"ื— ื•ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื—ื ื™ื›ื” ืžืกื•ื“ืจืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ืฉืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ื ื›ื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืจื›ื–ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ืœื›ืœ ืื•ืจืš ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื ื™ื›ื” (ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื). ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืœืื—ืจ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื ื™ื›ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื›ื–ืืช ืœืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™. ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื—ืกืจื” ืœื—ื ื™ื›ืช ืจื›ื–ื™ ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื ื”ืจื›ื–ื™ื. ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ื›ื™ ืžืคืงื“ ืžืฆ"ื— ื™ื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื›ืœ ืจื›ื– ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ ื™ืงื‘ืœ ื—ื ื™ื›ื” ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ืฆืคื•ืŸ.
504
ืฆื‘ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืžื™ืงื•ืจื™ ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ืฆื”_ืœ
ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ืื•ื ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื•ืคืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืฆื”"ืœ - ื”ืž"ื‘ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืชื™ืื•ื ื”ื“ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœืฆื”"ืœ ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื•ืคืจืกื•ืžืŸ ื•ื”ื•ืจืืช ืงื‘ืข ืื’"ืช (ื”ืง"ื) ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืชื™ืื•ื ืคืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื”"ืœ ืœืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜: ื‘ื”ืง"ื ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืฆื”"ืœ ื•ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœืชืื ืืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื“ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ (ื”ืค"ืขื•ืช), ืคืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ื›"ืœ (ืค"ืž) ื•ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ืข ืฉืœ ืื’ืคื™ ื”ืžื˜ื›"ืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืขื ื”ืž"ื‘ ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื”ืž"ื‘ ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœืชืื ืืช ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื”ืค"ืข ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืคืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืช, ืขื ื”ืž"ื‘ ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช. ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื•ืฆื”"ืœ ืœืชืื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”.
505
ืฆื‘ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืžืชืงื ื™ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื›ื ื™ื ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ืœื—ื™ืžื”
ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื˜ืจื ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื” ืจื—"ืœ ืืช ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื ืฉืœ ืื™ื•ื ื•ืชืจื—ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ืก ื”ืžืฆืจืคื™ ืœื–ื™ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจื ืื•ืฉืจ ืื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื—ื•ืก ืฆื”"ืœื™ ืขื“ื›ื ื™ ืœืขื•ืจืฃ , ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืจื—"ืœ ื ืฉืขื ืช ื‘ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ืก ื”ืžืฆืจืคื™ ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ืก ื”ืžืฆืจืคื™ ืœื–ื™ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช.
506
ืฆื‘ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืžืืžืŸ ืžืคืงื“ื•ืช ืจื‘-ื–ืจื•ืขื™ (ืžืžืจ_ื–)
ื”ื™ืขื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืชื—ืงื•ืจ ืžืชืงื“ืžืช ื‘ืžืžืจ"ื– ืื™ื  ื• ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืžืงื ื™ื ื”ืจืžื˜ื›"ืœ ื•ืกื’ืŸ ื”ืจืžื˜ื›"ืœ ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืกื™ืžื•ืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื ืœืฉื ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืชื—ืงื•ืจ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ื™ืขื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืชื—ืงื•ืจ ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื’ื•ืจื ืœื›ืš ืฉืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ืขืœ ืชืคืงื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืชื•ืจื’ืœ, ื•ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื’ื™ืœ ื•ื”ืคืงืช ื”ืœืงื—ื™ื ืžืžื ื• ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื›ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืฉืืž"ืฅ ื›ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžื‘ืฆืขื™, ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ื‘, ื™ื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ืชื•ืฉืœื ื‘ืžืžืจ"ื– ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืชื—ืงื•ืจ ืฉืืœื™ื” ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื“ืจืš, ืงืจื™, ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืชื—ืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืžืจ"ื– ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจื•ืขื™ื•ืช.
507
ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ . ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื ื˜ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜
ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืฉืœื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื ื˜ืขืŸ, ื”ื‘"ื” ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื” ืฆื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืžื—ื•ืœืœื™ื ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช163. ืžืฉื›ืš, ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื” ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืœืœ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ื•ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื ืช ื”ืฆื•ื•ื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืžืฉืง ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘.
508
ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช . ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจื™ืช ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž โ€“ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื”
.ืžื”ืชืจืฉื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ืช ืžื˜"ื— ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื”ื•ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชืข"ื; ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2015 - 2019 ื—ืœ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืžืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืืœื”; ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2019 ื›ืžืขื˜80% ืžื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืžื”ื. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ืช ืžื˜"ื— ื”ืŸ ื›-30% .ืžื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ืชืข"ื
509
ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช . ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืงืžืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ื•ืช
ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ื›ื™ ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืข"ื ื™ืงื™ื™ื ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืข"ื ื”ืงื™ืžื” ืื• ืจื›ืฉื” ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ืžืฉื ืช 2017 ,, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืจืš ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื™ื ืœืชืข"ื ื‘ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ืคืกื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืคืกื™ื“ื•. ื–ืืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื•ืœ ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื•.
510
ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืœืžื—ืงืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ . ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื‘ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืœืžื—ืงืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืงื™ื“ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืžืจ ื' ืœื ื”ื•ื‘ื ืœื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื•ื• ืขื“ื” ื”ืžื™ื™ืขืฆืช ื•ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื™ืช ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ืฆืข ืฉืœื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ.
511
ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ . ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื•ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืช
ื”ืชืžืžืฉื•ืชื ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ื•ื ืฉื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืœืงื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืฉื’ืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ ื, ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ืคืงืขื•ืช ืงืจืงืข, ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืงื˜ืขื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืฉื”ื•ื’ื“ืจื• ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžืขืœื™ื ื—ืฉืฉ ื›ื™ ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื ื˜ื™ืคืœื• ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ
512
ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ . ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ
ื‘ืฉื ืช 2006 ืขืจืš ืชื—ื•ื ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ืœืฉ"ื— (ืœื”ืœืŸ - "ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช " ืื• ื”ืžื™ืคื•ื™). ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ืœืฉ"ื— ื”ืชื‘ืงืฉื• ืœืžืœื ืฉืืœื•ืŸ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืœื”ื™ืงืฃ ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืœืงื•ืชื™ื”ื . ืœืคื™ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื” ืžื™ืคื•ื™, ื‘ืฉื ืช 2006 ืื™ืจืขื•786 ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช - ืคื™ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžื”ืขืจื›ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ืคื™ ืฉื™ืฉื” ืžื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจืฉืžื™ื™ื. ืขื•ื“ ืขื•ืœื” ืžื” ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื›ื™ 249 ืž-786 ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช (ื› -32% )ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื“ื•ื•ื—ื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2006 , ืืšืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื“ื•ื•ื— ืœื• ืขืœ 123 .ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื” ื–ื•
513
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื™ื” . ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืžืฉืง ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ
ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื—"ื™ ืœ- 31.12.08 ื”ืกืชื›ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื ื›ืกื™ื” ื‘ื›-74 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ืฉ"ื—. ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื—ื•ืœืงื• ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœืงื•ื ื•ืœื ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื›ืœืœื™ื ืœืื•ืคืŸ ื—ืœื•ืงืชื ืฉืœ ื ื›ืกื™ื ืฉื™ืฉืžืฉื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ื‘ืจื” ืื—ืช.
514
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืชืคืงื•ื“ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ื–ื™ืชื™ื
ื™ื•ืฆื ืืคื•ื ื›ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื ืกื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืกืžื ื›"ืœ ืœื—ื•"ืœ ืฉืžื•ืžื ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื ืื•ืฉืจื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื”.
515
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจ . ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจ ืžืจ ืฉืœื•ื ืฉืžื—ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ืœื•ืœ
.ืฉืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช, ืžืจ ืฉืœื•ื ืฉืžื—ื•ืŸ, ืคืขืœ ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืจื™ื ื•ืกื’ื ื™ ืฉืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืื• ืœืงื“ื ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื ืœืžืื›ืœ. ืœืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ื’ืœื•ืžื” ื‘ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื ืื” ืžืžืฉื™ืช ื’ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ื”ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ "ืžืจื•ื ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ" ื•ื’ื ืœื• ืขืฆืžื• ื›"ื‘ืŸ ืžืžืฉื™ืš". ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืฉืจ ื›ื‘ืจ ืคืขืœ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืขื“ ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉื” ืœื›ืœืœ "ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื" ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื•ื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืฉื•ื ื“ืจืš ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืขื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจ ืขืœ ื–ื™ืงืชื• ืžื ืขื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืจืื•ื™ื” ื•ืžื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืฉืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืžืจืืฉ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืชืงื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช, ืืช ืžืจืื™ืช ืคื ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืืช ืืžื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”.
516
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื . ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื›ื ืกืช ื”ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืขืฉืจื” ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ืœืŸ
ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืืœื” ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ื›ื™ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื›ื ืกืช ื”ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืขืฉืจื” ื ืžืฉื›ื” ืชื•ืคืขืช ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžืŸ ื”ืงืœืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช . ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื”ืคืขืœืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืงืœืคื™ื•ืช ืืœื” ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืืจื’ืŸ ืืช ืžืฆื‘ืช ื”ืงืœืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ืกื›ื•ื ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืš ืฉืœื ื™ืคื’ืข ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื™ื“ื•ืชื.
517
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื . ื”ื™ืชืจื™ื ืœื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื ืคื™ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืœื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ืงืฆืื” ืฉืœ ืขื•"ื– ืœืขื ืคื™ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ื”ื•ืฆื’ื• ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ื›ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘. ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2007 ื’ื™ื‘ืฉ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืขื“ ืช ื”ืžื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืจื‘ - ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ื”ืžื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื›ืกืคื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืื•ืœื ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื ืื™ืฉืจื” ืืช ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืื•ืชื” ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ืืžื ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืคืขืœื” ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืขื•"ื– ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื ื” ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•"ื– ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•"ื– ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2009 -2015 ), ืื•ืœืืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืœืœื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ
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ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชืช-ืื›ืœื•ืก
.ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืžืž"ื™ - ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื•ืžืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชืช-ืื›ืœื•ืก.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื—ืงืœืื™ื™ื
ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืื™ื ื• ืžืžืœื ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ืชื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื“ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืคืงื— ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืฆื’ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืืฆืœืŸ.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืื™ื•ืฉ ื ื—ืœื•ืช ืคื ื•ื™ื•ืช
.ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื—ืงืœืื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉ ื›- 4,000 ื ื—ืœื•ืช ืคื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื˜ืจื ืื•ื™ืฉื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืžื”ืŸ ื›-330 ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืžืจื›ื–. ืœื ื—ืœื•ืช ืขืจืš ื ื“ืœ"ื ื™ ืจื‘, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืืจืฅ, ื•ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืงืฃ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืžื™ื–ืžื™ื ื‘ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืืœื ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื. ืฉื ื™ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืฉืืœืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ื™ืฉื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื•ืฉ ื”ื ื—ืœื•ืช ื”ืคื ื•ื™ื•ืช: ืžืž"ื™ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช. ืฉื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ ื“ืขื•ืช ืžื”ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ื ืจืื” ื‘ืื•ืคืง. ืขืœ ืž ืž"ื™ ื•ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืžื•ืกื›ืžืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื•ืฉ ืืœืคื™ ื”ื ื—ืœื•ืช ื”ืคื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ืžื•ืขืฆืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืฉื•ืžื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื”ืงื™ื ืœืืœืชืจ ืžืื’ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ ืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ื• ื›ืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื ื—ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืื•ื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ืคื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืื—ืช. ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืžืž"ื™ ื™ื‘ื—ื ื• ืืช ืžืฉื˜ืจ ื”ื ื—ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื’ ื•ื™ื‘ื“ืงื• ืื ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื” ื”ืขืฉืจื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ืžืื” ื”- 21.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื . ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื•ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืœื ื ื‘ื“ืงืช ืชืงื™ื ื•ืช ืงึฐืœึธื˜ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื ื— ื™ื•ึผื•ื™ึดื™ื ื•ื”ืชืจืื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžืช, ืกืคืง ืื ื”ื‘"ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื’ืœื” ืืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžืกืœืง ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ื• ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ. ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืžื•ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจ ื›ื– ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžืชื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื’ืจื ืœืคื™ืชื•ื—ื• ื‘ืจืžืช ืื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื ืžืกืคืงืช, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื•ื ืื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ืœื’ื‘ื™ืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื›ืฉื‘ืขื” ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—. ืขืœ ื”ื‘"ื” ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื‘.
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ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช . ืจื‘ื ื™ ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ื•ืช
ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื—ื•"ืœ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื‘ืฆืข ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื˜ืขืžื™ ืžื—ืœื” ืื• ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ื‘ืืจืฅ, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ืžืื’ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืžืื’ืจ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช. ืื•ืœื ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืชืืคืฉืจื” ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืื•ืช ืœื—ื•"ืœ (ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœืŸ ื—ื•ืคืฉื•ืช ืฉืืจื›ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื‘ื•ืข), ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉืœื ื”ืชื‘ืฆืขื• ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ื’ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื›ืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื ืกื™ืขื” ืœื—ื•"ืœ.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื“ืข ื•ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” . ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื˜ืœ ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœื™ื• - ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืื—ื“ื™ื - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžื“ืข ื•ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”
. ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžืชืคืขืœ ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘, ื•ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืž-20 ืจื›ื–ื™ื• ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื77-55 ืžืฉืจืชื™ื, ื•ืœื45 .
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื“ืข ื•ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” . ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžื“ืข ื•ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”
ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ื‘ืขืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืฉืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื ืœื ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช . ืœืฉื›ืช ื”ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช - ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื•ืœืชื”
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉืคืจืกื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื“ืขืช, ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืชื›"ื, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื‘ื•ื ืœืกืคืจ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉืจ ืžื•ืคื– ื•ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื“ืื–, ืœืฆื“ ื—ืชื™ืžืชื, ื•ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื•ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ืžืื–ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœ-31.12.08 - ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื•ืช
.%20 ( ืžื”ืŸ18 )ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช27 . ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืื™ื ื• ืžืœื ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืงืฃ ื›ื™ืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืืœื• ืœืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2008.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ื”ืกื“ืจืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ื’ื ื” ืœืžื—ื–ื™ืงื™ ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช
ืืฃ ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื ืืžื ื™ื ื•ืžื˜ืคืœืช ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉืืœื•ืช ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ื‘ื”ืจื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืื“-ื”ื•ืง, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ื•ืจืข ืžื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื”. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืงื‘ ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžืกืคืจืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืงืœืขื•ืช ืœืงืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ืคื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ืœืžื—ื–ื™ืงื™ ื”ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืชืคืขืœ ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ื”ืืคืฉืจื™
528
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ืชื’ืžื•ืœ ื‘ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื™ื™ื
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจ ื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ืื’ืฃ ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ืœื™ื–ื•ื ื›ื™ื ื•ืก ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื”ืžื™ื™ืขืฆืช ื’ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื–ื• ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ื“ืขืชื” ืขืœ ืขืฆื ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื—ื•ื–ืจ, ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื ื‘ื•ืฆืขื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ื” ื•ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื“ืขืชื” ืขืœ ื ื•ืกื— ื”ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ื” ื”ืžื•ืฆืข ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจืกื.
529
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืœื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื” - ืžืžืฆืื™ ืžืขืงื‘
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื“ ื‘ื‘ื“ ืขื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืชืกื™ื™ืข ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืงื‘ ื•ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื’ืฉื•ืช ืœื”, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ืฉื ื” ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืชื™ื ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืขืฉืชื” ื›ืŸ, ืœ ื ืงื•ื“ืžื• ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืืœืคื™ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ ืฉื•ืื” ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืืช ืชื‘ื™ืขืชื ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ, ื•ื—ืœืงื ืืฃ ื”ืœื›ื• ืœืขื•ืœืžื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืคื ื™ื™ืชื. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื–ื•, ืžืชื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืชื™ืงื™ื ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืข ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื” ืžืจื›ื–ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื™ืงื™ื ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขืจื” ื›ืœืœ ืœืžืกืคืจื ื”ืขืฆื•ื. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืžื™ื“ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชื™ืงื™ื ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื, ื”ืŸ ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื ื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื–ืžืชื” ืงืฉืจ ืขื ื”ืคื•ื ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื”ื ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ื ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืกื™ื•ื ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชื‘ื™ืขืชื.
530
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื ื•ืชื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžื˜ื‘ืข
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื–ืžืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื ื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืจืš ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื‘ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช. ืขืœ ื”ืจื’ื•ืœืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื ืกื—ืจื™ื ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœื’ื“ืจ ื ื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืจืš. ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื” ื™ืฉ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื’ื ืืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉื™ื•ื˜ืœ ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืœื‘ื ืช ื”ื•ืŸ ื•ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื˜ืจื•ืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ืืœื”. ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ื›ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืกื—ืจ ื•ื›ื ื•ืชื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื›ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืืœื”.
531
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ื”ืกื“ืจืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื•ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœื™ื•
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืž ื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืกื›ื™ื, ืžืฆื•ืคื” ืžื”ืื’ืฃ ืฉื™ื ืงื•ื˜ ื™ื–ืžื” ืคืขื™ืœื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื•ื ืžื–ื”ื” ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืื• ืกื›ื ื•ืช ืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช ืœื—ืกื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ืžื” ื’ื ืฉืžืกืงื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื›ื™ืŸ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืืจื”"ื‘, ืฉื‘ื“ื™ื”, ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”, ืื™ืจืœื ื“, ืืกื˜ื•ื ื™ื”, ื˜ื•ืจืงื™ื”, ืคืจื•, ืœื˜ื‘ื™ื”, ืกืœื•ื‘ืงื™ื”, ืฆ'ื™ืœื” ื•ืžืงืกื™ืงื•) ืื›ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื” ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ืœืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืกืš, ืื ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื–ื• ืื• ืื—ืจืช.
532
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืฉื™ื•ืจื™ ืœื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ - ืžืžืฆืื™ ืžืขืงื‘
. ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ื”ืขืžืกื” ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ื‘ืกื™ื“ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ ื”ืคื•ืœ ื•ืขืœ ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืฉื—ืœื” ื‘ื• ืžืื– ื”ื“ื•ื— ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ื”ืงื•ื“ื.
533
ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” . ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขืœืžื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื”ืจ ื”ื–ื™ืชื™ื, ืคื™ืชื•ื—ื• ื•ืื‘ื˜ื—ืชื•
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžืกื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืจืง ืืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœืื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืชื—ืžื™ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ื, ืฉื›ืืžื•ืจ ืžืชื‘ืฆืขื•ืช ืžืฉื ืช 1997 , ื•ื›ืŸ ืืช ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขืœืžื™ืŸ; ืื•ืœื ื”ืŸ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืกื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืืžื•ืจื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขืœืžื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ื”ืจ ื”ื–ื™ืชื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ.
534
ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช . ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืกื“ืจื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ - ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื”ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ื”ืขืกืงื™ื™ื
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื—ืกื™ื ื•ืช ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืžื•ืขื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืขื“ ื›ื”. ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืฆืœื—ืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื—ืกื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืื›ื™ืคื” ื™ืขื™ืœื” ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื’ืฉืช ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ื ื•ื”ื˜ืœืช ืกื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ. ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืืคื•ื ื›ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื™ื“ืจืฉื• ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื–ื• ื•ื™ื‘ื—ื ื• ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื•ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืคื•ื ื™ื ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื•ืœืžืกื•ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืื•ื“ื•ืช ืงืจื˜ืœื™ื, ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื”ื™ืงืคื• ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ืง ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื•ืชื•.
535
ืฉื ืงืจ ื”ื ื“ืกื”. ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘. ืืžื ื•ืช. (ื—ืœ_ืฆ) . ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืงืจ - ื“ื•ื— ืžืขืงื‘
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ืคืจืฉื ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื•ืช"ืช ื•ืฉื ืงืจ ืื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืœ"ื’; ื›ืœืœื™ ืžืœ"ื’ ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื’ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืกื“ ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืœ"ืกื’ืœ ืืงื“ืžื™ ืงื‘ื•ืข, ื•ื‘ื• ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืจื‘ืข ื‘ืžืฉืจื” ืžืœืื”" ื•ืœื ืœ"ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ื•ืจืื”". ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืชื ืื™ ืฉืœ ืžืœ"ื’ ืœื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ ืื• ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช; ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืชื ืื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืฉืจื” ืžืœืื” ื™ืงื—ื• ื—ืœืง ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื•ื’ื™ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืค ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืžื” ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื, ืฆื•ืจืš ืฉืงืฉื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืงื™ื™ืžื• ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ. 2. ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื•ืขื“ืช ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™, ืฉื”ืงื™ืžื” ืžืœ"ื’, ื‘ื“ืงื” ืืช ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืฉื ืงืจ ื•ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”. ื”ื“ื•ื— ืฉืคืจืกืžื” ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื‘ - 2008 ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื• ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืฉื ืงืจ. ืขื ื–ืืช ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื”ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืžืคืชื— ื‘ืžื—ืœืงื” ื–ื•, ืฉื›ืจื ื ืžื•ืš ืžืฉื›ืจ ืžืจืฆื” ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืจืื” ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ, ื•ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื”ื ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ืœืžืขืžื“ ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืกื’ืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ืžืื•ื“, ื•ืืœื” ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžื•ืจืœ ื ืžื•ืš ื•ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืชื.
536
ืฉื ืงืจ ื”ื ื“ืกื”. ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘. ืืžื ื•ืช. (ื—ืœ_ืฆ) . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื ืงืจ
ืœื ื ืžืฆื ื›ืœ ืžืกืžืš ื”ืžืขื™ื“ ืฉื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื• ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื’ื™ื•ืก ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืžื”ืงืจืŸ ื•ื”ืกื›ืžืชื• ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืžืœื” ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆืœื—ื”, ืฉื™ืชืฃ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืงืจ, ืื• ืœืžืฆืขืจ ื™ื™ื“ืข ืื•ืชื. ื ื•ื›ื— ื ื™ืกื•ื— ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื ืขื“ืจ ืžื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื•ื”ืžื•ืชื™ืจ ืขืžื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื’ื•ืจื ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื“ืžื™ ื”ืขืžืœื” (ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื›ืชื‘: "ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื‘ืงืฉืชื ื•") ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื 30 ื•ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืžื”ืŸ ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื™ื“ืข ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ (ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื›ื—ืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ - ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2010 ,) ื”ืžืกืงื ื” ื”ืžืชื‘ืงืฉืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืขืกืงื”, ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ืœืคื—ื•ืช, ื”ืชื’ื‘ืฉื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืžืžืกืžื›ื™ ืฉื ืงืจ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2002 , ืœืื—ืจ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”, ื—ืชืžื• ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื“ืื– ื•ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ืื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืžืœื” ื‘ืกืš ื›- 650,000 ืฉ"ื— ืฉื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™. ื‘ืกืคื— ื”ื”ืžื—ืื” ืฆื•ื™ืŸ: "ื“ืžื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ืขืžืœื” ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืขื ืชืจื•ืžืช 'ื”ืงืจืŸ'".
537
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš . ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš
ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื ืฉ"ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขืจื” ืœื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื™ืžื™ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืžืฉ "ื“ืœืช ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ืช" ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืขืžื“ื” ืื™ืชืŸ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื™ื”. ื‘ื›ืš ื ืฉ"ื ืœื ืžื™ืœืื” ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื”. .ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื ืฉ"ื ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืขืกืงืชื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืจืื” ื›ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžืžืœืื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ืขืœื™ื” ื’ื ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื™ื ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืชืฉืงืฃ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœื ื’ื ืืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“.
538
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš . ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ืฉื•ืื” ื•ื”ื ื—ืœืช ืœืงื—ื™ื” ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš
2. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจ ื“ ื ื•ื”ื’ ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžืžืœื™ืฅ. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืžื›ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืคืš ืื•ืชื ืœ"ืกื•ื›ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื ื”" ืฉืœื• ืœื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ืฉื•ืื” ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉื‘ื“ืง ืื ื”ื ืžื•ื›ืฉืจื™ื ื•ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืš. ืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืœืง ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ืงื ื™ื™ืช ืขืจื›ื™ื ืœื‘ืื™ื ื‘ืฉืขืจื™ื”ื ื•ื‘ื”ืขืฉืจืชื, ืืš ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืชื” ืืœื ืชื•ืกืคืช ืœื”ื. ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื” ื™ื’ืœื’ืœื• ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื›ืฉืจื• ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืฉื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืจืืชื” ืœืคืชื—ื™ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื.
539
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš . ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืชืงืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš
.ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื“ืจืš ื™ืขื™ืœื” ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื ื”ืœ, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืืช ืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ื”ื”ืขืกืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื.
540
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš . ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ืงื‘ืœืŸ ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื• ืขื ืื—ื“ ืขืฉืจ ืงื‘ืœื ื™ ืžืฉื ื”
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืืคืฉืจื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื– ื•ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื ื•ืชื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ ื”ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ื. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืงื‘ืœื ื™ื ืชื™ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ืœื›ืš.
541
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš . ืคืจืก ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืฉืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื™ื” ืฉืคื•ืจื˜ื• ืœืขื™ืœ ืื™ื ื” ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ืช ืขื ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืจื• ืขืœ ืคืจืกื•ื ืืžื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืžืฉืงืœืŸ ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืข ืœืคื™ื”ืŸ.
542
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš . ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืฉืขื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื
ื‘ืงืจืช ื”ืชืงืŸ ื”ื™ื ื›ืœื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื™ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืžืกื•ื’ื•, ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื‘ื•ืื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื—ืœืง ื ื›ื‘ื“ ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืžืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืขืชื™ื ื”ืกืชืคืงื” ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ื ื”, ื•ืœื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื” ื‘ื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžืžืžืฆืื™ื”. ืืฃ ืฉื  ืžืฆืื• ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช, ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื‘ื“ืง ื”ืื’ืฃ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืงื™ื™ื. ื‘ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืคื’ื ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“, ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื”ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ืžืฆื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ื‘ืช ื”ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื•. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื ื“ืจืฉ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืงื™ืฃ ื•ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ื‘ืงืจืช ื”ืชืงืŸ, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืื™ืชื•ืจ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืชื•ืจืคื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื”ื‘ื”ืจืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชื• ื•ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื•, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื‘ื”ืจื” ื–ื• ื ื“ืจืฉืช.
543
ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื›ื™ื
.ืขื•ื“ ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื’"ืฅ, ื‘ื”ืขืจืช ืื’ื‘, ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ ืœืคื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ืฆื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืงืฉื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืืฃ ืžืขื•ืจืจ ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืขื™ื•ื•ืชื™ื ืืคืฉืจื™ื™ื. ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ืฉืฉื•ืช ื˜ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืจืฆื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ื™ื”ืŸ ื•ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช. ืขื•ื“ ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ื”ืคืขืœืชืŸ ื”ืชืงื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช "ืžื•ืชื ื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื - ื›ืงื™ื•ื ืื™-ืชืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”, ื“ืจื› ื™ ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื, ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืกื“ืจื™ ืคืขื•ืœืชื ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื ื™ืขืชื ืžืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื..."57 .ื‘ื’"ืฅ ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื—ืงื™ืงืชื™ ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืžืชื•ืงืŸ ื“ืจื•ืฉ ื•ืืฃ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืฆื ืื—ื™ื–ื” ืžืกืคืงืช ืœืงื‘ื™ืขื” ืฉืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืžืขืžื™ื“ื” ืืช ื›ืœืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช ืคืกื•ืœื™ื ืžื—ืžืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื58.
544
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ . ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช
ื‘ืฉืœืžื• ืืช ืกื›ื•ืžื™ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจ ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืืช ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืœื ื ื”ื ื” ืžื”ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœื• ืื™ืœื• ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืกื•ืคืงื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกืคืงื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ืกื“ืจ. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื• ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืคืจืฉ ืืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื• ืช ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื›ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื”ืกื“ืจ.
545
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ . ื”ืงื•ื ืกื•ืœื™ื” ื•ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ืข ืœื™ื“ ื”ืื•_ื ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉื›ืจ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉื›ืจ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžืจื‘ื™ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžืงื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ื›ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื—ื“-ืžืฉืžืขื™ื•ืช ืœื—ืจื™ื’ื” ืžื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข. ืฉืœื™ื— ืฉื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืฉืฉื›ืจ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ื• ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืฉื™ื™ืงื‘ืข ื™ื™ื“ืจืฉ ืœืฉืœื ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ื”ืคืจืฉ.
546
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ . ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื–ื•ืงืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™
2. ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืœื ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ืกื“ื•ืจื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืœื ืฉื”ื•ื›ื ื” ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื”ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฆืื• ืœื ื”ืฉื™ื’ื• ืืช ืžื˜ืจืชื, ื•ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื˜ืจื ืชื•ืงื ื•. ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2004 ื‘ืžืชื—ื ื‘' ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืจืง80% ืžื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืชื—ื, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื–ื• ืœืงืชื” ื‘ื—ืกืจ.
547
ืจื›ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž . ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื ื•ืกืข - ื—ื‘ืจืช ืจื›ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž
ืžื“ื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ืขืœ ื”ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื• ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช ืœืœื ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืขืžื“ื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืชืœื•ื ื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื‘ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ื“ืง ืื ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ืœืžืชืœื•ื ื ื™ื ื ื™ืชื ื• ืœืื— ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืขืžื™ืงื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืขืฉืชื”.
548
ืจื›ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž . ืงื• ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื - ื”ืงืžืช ืงื˜ืข ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืจื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื
ื‘ืžืกืžืš ื”ืžืกื›ื ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื  ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืœืžื ื”ืจื” ื”ืืจื•ื›ื”, ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืืช ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืชื™ ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช.
549
ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื‘ืื™ืชื•ืจ ื ืขื“ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืืœืžื•ื ื™ื
ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื™ื ื›ืœื™ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืกื“ื•ืจ ื•ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื”. ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื” ื ื—ื•ืฅ ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช, ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื”ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื ื•ื“ืขืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ืœืงื™ื•ื ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื—ืงื™ืจืช ื ืขื“ืจื™ื ื•ืืœืžื•ื ื™ื ื›ืื—ื“. ืขื ื–ืืช ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืชืจืขื ืŸ ืืช ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ื ื”ืœื™ื ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืžืช ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžืฆื‘ ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื”ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ื™ืžืŸ. ืจืื•ื™ ืืฃ ืœืขื’ืŸ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืืœื” ื‘ื ื”ืœื™ื ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืืœืžื•ื ื™ื.
550
ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืฉืœ ืงืฆื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจื”
(ื) ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืœื“ืจื’ืช ืชื "ืฅ ืื’ื‘ ื—ืจื™ื’ื” ืžื”ืคื–"ืž : ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”, ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ืช 2007 ืขื“ ื™ื•ื ื™ 2008 ืงื•ื“ืžื•20 ืงืฆื™ื ื™ื ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื’ืช ืชื "ืฅ. ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื”ื ืงื•ื“ืžื• ืืฃ ืฉืฉื™ืžืฉื• ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืื—ื“ ื‘ื“ืจื’ืช ื ืฆ"ื ืื• ืฉื˜ืจื ืขื‘ืจ ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžื–ืขืจื™ ืœืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื ื‘ื“ืจื’ืชื. ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžืฉืžื•ื ื” ืงืฆื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื—ืœื˜ ื›ื™ ื™ืงื•ื“ืžื• ืœื“ืจื’ ืช ืชื "ืฅ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš 2009 ืื™ื ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืกืฃ ื“ืœืขื™ืœ. ื”ืžืคื›"ืœ ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืขืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ืžื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฆื™ื ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืฉืจ ืœื‘ื˜"ืค ืื™ืฉืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืืฃ ืฉืงื™ื“ื•ืžื ื—ืจื’ ืžื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื•. ืœื”ืœืŸ ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžืงืจื™ื:
551
ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช . ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืชืœื•ื ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ืฉื‘ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืื™ืŸ ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืžืœื ืžืžื ื• ื ื™ืช ืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืงืจืžื™ืงื” ื•ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจื™ืฆื•ืฃ.
552
ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” . ืกื“ืจื™ ืคืจื™ืฉืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื”
. ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืงื“ืžืช ืคืจื™ืฉืชื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืชืงืจื‘ื™ื ืœื’ื™ืœ ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื”, ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื ืœืชืช ืœื”ื ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืคืจื™ืฉืชื ื‘ื˜ืจื ืขืช. ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ืžืชืŸ ื”ื” ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื—ืžื•ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืชื ืื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืข ืกื’ืŸ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ.
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ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ื ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื’ื•ืคื ื™ ื•ืœืกืคื•ืจื˜ . ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ื ื’ื™ื™ื˜ - ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื•
ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2008 - ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2008 ื›ื™ื”ืŸ ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืื•ืœื™ืžืคื™, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืžืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2008 , .ื›ืžืžืœื ืžืงื•ื ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ
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ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž . ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ - ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื•ืขืœ ืชืจื•ืžืชื• ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื™ืขื“ื™ื ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขืžื•.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื—ืœืง ื ื›ื‘ื“ ืžื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจืชื ื ื’ืขื• ืœืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืจืื•ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”, ื•ืœื ืจืง ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื”, ื ืฆื™ื’ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื ืฆื™ื’ ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื ื ืชื ื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื•ืœื ืœืขืžื“ืชื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช, ื•ื ืคื’ืขื” ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ
.ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืชืงืŸ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืื—ืจ (ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืื• ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื”). ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืชื ื” ืžืžื•ืฉืš ื’ื•ืจื ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžืฆื•ืงื” ื ืคืฉื™ืช ื”ื ื–ืงืงื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืฉื•ืง ื”ืคืจื˜ื™. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื—ืกืจื™ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืื• ืฉืื™ื ื ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื›ืœืœ. ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืกืจื™ ืืžืฆืขื™ื, ื•ืžื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ืืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ื ืกื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื˜ื•ืคืœื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ. ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ืžืคื” ืืช ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืื’ื‘ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืชืงืŸ ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื. ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืชืงืŸ ื™ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืฉื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื” ื™ื™ื‘ื“ืงื• ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ื–ืงื•ืง ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื ืคืฉื™ื™ื ื•ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืœื”. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื–ืืช ืืžื•ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืฉืคืขืชื ืขืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื
,ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืื™ ื ื” ืกื‘ื™ืจื”: ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ื•ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ (ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืจื™ืืœื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืฆืžืฆืžืช ืืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื•ืช); ืžืฉืงืคืช ืืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืฉื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื•ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉื‘ืฆื“ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ; ื’ืœื•ืžื” ื‘ื” ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืกืžื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื; ื”ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ืžื”ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืชืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืชืงืจื•ืช ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื”, ื›ืš ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฉื•ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืชืงืจื•ืช ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื”; ืžื’ืžืช ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื’ื•ืจืจืช ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืชื™ื” ื’ื ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืกื‘ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื; ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืื•ื–ื ื™ื ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืืฃ ื’ื™ืจืขื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืžืขื ื™ืงื™ื ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื’ื™ืจืขื•ื ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืจืื•ื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืชืงืจื•ืช ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื–ื• ืชืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื’ื ืœื ื•ืฉื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื”ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืฉื™ืชื ื• ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ื™ืงืคืŸ.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ื—ื“ืจื™ ืžื™ื•ืŸ (ืžืœืจ_ื“ื™ื) ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื - ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืชืงื™ื ื” ืกื“ื•ืจื”
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื›ืš ืฉืžื›ืชื‘ื™ ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื™ื•ื ืคืงื• ืžื•ื“ืคืกื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฆื™ืืช ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื ื›ืš, ื•ืื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืชืืคืฉืจ ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื›ืืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ืžืฉื—ืจืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžื–ืขืจื™.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื ืž_ืจ - ื”ืงืžืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื
ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉื—ื•ืจื’ืช ืžืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ื”ืกืคืง ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื ืชืŸ ืœืคื™ ืชืงื ื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™, ื’ืœื•ื™ ื•ืžืกื•ื“ืจ. ื™ืฉ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื” ื•ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื•ืœื‘ืงืจื” - ืœืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžืคืช"ื— ื•ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช, ื›ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื•ืžื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืชื›"ื.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืžืก ืขืจืš ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืชื™ื™ืจื™ื ื•ืขืœ ืื–ื•ืจ ืกื—ืจ ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ืื™ืœืช
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ื”ืกื“ืจ ื‘ืžืชื›ื•ื ืชื• ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืชื›ื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืชืงื ื™ ื”ื–ื›ื™ื™ืŸ. ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื•. ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืชื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื›ื™
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ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช
ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื” ืœืฉื ื™ื 2007 -2009 ืœื ื›ืœืœื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ ืฉื˜ื— ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืชืจ ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื›ืœืœืชื ื‘ืจืฉืช ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืœื˜ ื—ืœืง ืžืชืงื‘ื•ืœื™ื”ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื™ื” . ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืง ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื•ืžื™ืžื•ืฉื•
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื”, ื›ื™ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื ืœื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ืžืกื•ื“ืจืช ืฉื‘ื” ื ืฉืงืœื• ื›ืœ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ืชื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ืขืฉื” ืกืงืจ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžืงื™ืฃ ื•ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืชืžื”ื™ืœ ื”ื“ืœืงื™ื ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ืœืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืืฃ ืฉืกืงืจ ื–ื” ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืžื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช. ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื ื‘ื—ื ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื”ื ืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืชืชืจื—ืฉ ืชืงืœื” ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืฉืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืขืœื˜ื” ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื’ื– ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ 50% ืžื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื‘ืžืฉืง. ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืงืžืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ื’ื– ืฉืœื”ืŸ ื ืชืŸ ื”ืฉืจ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2010 ื•- 2011 , ื”ื™ื ืฉืชื™ืงื‘ืข ืœืžืขืฉื” ืืช ืชืžื”ื™ืœ ื”ื“ืœืงื™ื ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืžืฉืง ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืฉื’ื ืชืžื”ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ื”ืžืชื•ืืจืช ืœืขื™ืœ.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ . ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื— ืœื›ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืฉืจืคื•ืช ืžื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ - ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ
ืขื ื–ืืช, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืœื•ื— ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ื”ืงืฆืจ ืฉืงืฆื‘ื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืงื™ื•ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ืœื”ืงืžืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืืฉ ืžื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืฉื”ื™ื• ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืœื—ื™ืœ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ, ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื™ืœ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืฉืœ ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžื•ื˜ืก, ื”ืžืœืฆืช ืฆื”"ืœ ืœืจื›ืฉ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื˜ื•ืกื™ "ื‘ื•ืžื‘ืจื“ื™ืจ" ืžื“ื’ื .CL-415 , ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ื”ืฉืงืขื” ืฉืœ ื›- 1.110 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื—, ืžืขืœื” ืกืคืงื•ืช ื”ืื ื—ื™ืœ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืœืžืฆื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ื—ืจืฃ ื”ืžืืžืฅ ืฉื”ืฉืงื™ืข. ื–ืืช ื’ื ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื”, ืฉื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื•ืœื ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ืฉื ืขืจื›ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื ื“ื•ืŸ - ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืฆื”"ืœ ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืžื˜ื•ืกื™ "ื‘ื•ืžื‘ืจื“ื™ืจ" - ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืฆื”"ืœ ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืขืœ ื”ืคืขืœืช ืžื˜ื•ืกื™ื ืงืœื™ื (ืžืกื•ื’ "ืื™ื™ืจ-ื˜ืจืงื˜ื•ืจ"), ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืžืœื™ืฆื• ื’ื ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ืจ.
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ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื•ืช
. ื“ื•ื— ื’ื•ื˜ืคืจื•ื™ื ื“ ืคื•ืจืกื ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ,. ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื’ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืžืฉื ืช 2006 ื•ืขื“ ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2011 , ืœื ื’ื™ื‘ืฉื• ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืž ื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช. ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื•ืช ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœืžืกื—ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื”ืŸ, ื•ื—ืœืงืŸ ืœื ื‘ื™ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื›ื–ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ื—ืœื• ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืœืื•, ื™ื™ื–ืžื• ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืขืžื™ืงื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉืœื”ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื™ืชื ื• ื’ื ืžืขื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืขืœื• ืœืขื™ืœ.
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ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื”ื’ื– ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž . ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” - ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื”ื’ื– ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื”ื’ืฉืช ื”ืฆืขื•ืช "ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืื™ื ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœื›ืš" ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืžื•ืงื“ืžื•ืช ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืช (ืชื ืื™ ืกืฃ) ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ืคื•ืžื‘ื™. ืžืชืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžื›ืจื– ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื” ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฆืžืฆื ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื ื•ืœื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืžื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื”. ืืฉืจ ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืชืืžืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ืœืชืคืงื™ื“, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืชื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžื›ืจื– ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืข ื‘ืชื ืื™ื• ืืช ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื”, ืืช ืืžื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืœืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ื•ืืฃ ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืžื–ืขืจื™ื•ืช.
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ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื”ื’ื– ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืชืคืขื•ืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื”ื’ื– ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื’ื– ื•ืœื ืชื’"ื– ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื” ืŸ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืœื•ื— ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื’ื– ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืืคืฉืจ ืงื‘ืœืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ืคืขืœื” ื•ื”ื–ืจืžื” ืชืงืคื™ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื•ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืžืคื ื™ ืืกื•ื ื•ืช
.ืžื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื™ื ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื”, ื›ื™ ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื•, ื•ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ืœื—ื™ืž ื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืงืคื ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช: ืžืœื—ืžืช ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื•ืžื‘ืฆืข ืขื•ืคืจืช ื™ืฆื•ืงื”, ืื™ื ื• ืžืกืคืง. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ืชืืžืช ื™ืชืจืช ื”ื ื–ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ ืืกื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืขื•ืจืฃ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ืžืชืงื ื™ื” ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืžืœื—ืžื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช, ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืขืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื. ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” . ืกื™ื•ืข ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืœืžื—ืงืจ ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™
ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืขืจืจ ืœื ืžื ื”ืœื•ืช ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœ ื”ืžืชืขื“ ืืช ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ื ื•ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื•ืืŸ ืœืืฉืจ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื•"ืค ืื• ืœื“ื—ื•ืชืŸ, ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžืกื“ืจื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ.
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ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื‘ืข_ืž . ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื - ืžืข_ืฆ - ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž
. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื•ื’ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืงื“ ื—ื•ื•ืช ื”ื“ืขืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฆื‘ื• ื‘ืฆื“ื™ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื.
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ื—ื‘ืจืช ื ืžืœ ืืฉื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืข_ืž . ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืฆื™ื•ื“, ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื - ื—ื‘ืจืช ื ืžืœ ืืฉื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืข_ืž
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื‘ืชืงื ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžื›ืจื– ืืช ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืชืงื™ืŸ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืจืื•ื™, ืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” - ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืกื•ื’ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœืฉื ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขืŸ ื ืขืฉืชื” ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช: ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืฆื™ื - ืœื ื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• "ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช" ื•ืœื "ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื" ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืžืชืŸ ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื ื™ื›ืจื™ื ืœืœื ืžื›ืจื–. ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื” ื™ืฉ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ืงื‘ืœื ื™ื ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ ื™ื ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื‘ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื”ืžื›ืจื– ื”ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœื ื ื›ืœืœื” ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืช ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจืจื” ืœื”ืืจื›ืช ืžืฉืš ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช. ืœื• ื ื›ืœืœื” ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ืจื–, ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื ืื ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ื•.
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ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืœืžื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื™ื•ื‘ . ืชืขืจื™ืคื™ ื”ืžื™ื
.ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืžืก ืขืœ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื ื“ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชืžืจื™ืฅ ืœื”ื•ืฆืืช ื›ืกืคื™ื ืžืžืฉืง ื”ืžื™ื ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ืชืžืจื™ืฅ ื›ื–ื” ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืžื˜ืจืช ืจืคื•ืจืžืช ื”ืชื™ืื’ื•ื“, ืฉื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžืžื™ืžื•ื ื” ืžื•ืขืžืก ืขืœ ื”ืชืขืจื™ืฃ ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืžืก ืขืœ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื ื“ ืฉืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื“ืจื™ืฉืชืŸ, ืื™ื ื” ืจืื•ื™ื”.
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ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื™ืชืจื•ืช ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื—ื•ืฅ - ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ
.ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืฉืฉืžื™ืจื” ื•ื”ืฆื’ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืขืžื“ื• ืœืคื ื™ ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืงื•ืฉืจ ื”ืขืกืงื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™.
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ืฆื‘ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื”ื˜ืžืขืช ืžืขืจื›ืช - ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ
ื™ื•ืฆื ืืคื•ื, ื›ื™ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื”ื˜ืžืขื” ืฉ ื‘ื™ืฆืข ื”ืกืคืง ืœื”ืกื‘ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืžืืžืฆืข ืฉื ืช 2009 ื•ืขื“ ืืคืจื™ืœ 2011 ,, ื‘ืžืฉืš ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืฉืขืœื•ืชืŸ ืžืกืชื›ืžืช ื‘ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉ"ื—, ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืœื ืฉื ื—ืชื ืขืžื• ื”ืกื›ื ืžื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžื•ืขื“, ื•ื‘ืœื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืžื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžื›ืจื– ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื (ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ), ื”ืชืฉื "ื’ - 1993. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžื›ืจื– ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืขื ื”ืกืคืง ื‘ืฉื ืช 2011 . ืื ืฆื”"ืœ ื•ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืกื‘ืจื• ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ื”ืกืคืง ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžื›ืจื–, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœื›ืš ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกืคืง.
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ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž . ื”ื—ืœืคืช ื”ืฉื•ืชืฃ ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืจื•ืื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” - ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืžืกืงื ืช ืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ืžืจ ื“ื•ืจื•ืŸ ื›ื”ืŸ, ื›ื™ ืคืขื•ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ืชืฃ ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ื›ืฉืœ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื™ ื—ืžื•ืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื—ืœืคืชื•, ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืชื• ื”ืžืชื•ืืจืช ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื–ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื—ืœืคืช ื”ืฉื•ืชืฃ ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช. ื ื•ื›ื— ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืขืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื•ืช ืขื ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื”, ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืžืจ ื“ื•ืจื•ืŸ ื›ื”ืŸ ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืืช ื”ืœืงื—ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืขืœืชื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื–ื”.
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ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž . ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ืคื ืกื™ื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” - ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž
.ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื—ื—"ื™ ื”ืขืœืชื” ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ืฉืœื”ื ืœืฉื ื™ื 1996 -2008 . ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืืœื” ืžืกืชื›ืžื•ืช ื‘ื› -3.4 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื—. ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื›-2 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื— ืฉื”ืคืงื™ื“ื” ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื ืืžื ื•ืช ืœื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืงื˜ื•ืืจื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉื›ืจ ื ืœื•ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืงืฆื‘ืชื™ื™ื, ืฉืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื—. ื ื“ืจืฉ ืฉื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืชื™ืื•ื ืขื ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื”ืื—ืจื™ื (ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช, ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื•ืื’ืฃ ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ) ื™ื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ืช, ืžืงื™ืคื” ื•ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืืช ืื™ืชื•ืจืŸ ื•ืืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœืŸ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉืฉื•ืœืžื• ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ืืœื” ื™ื•ื—ื–ืจื• ืœืงื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืœื ื™ืชื•ื•ืกืคื• ืœืชืขืจื™ืฃ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื™ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืชื ืื™ ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ืคื ืกื™ื” ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœื ืื•ืฉืจื• ื›ื“ื™ืŸ. ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืื™ืชื ื•ืชื” ื”ื›ืกืคื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืืช ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื”. ื”ื ื”ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื™ืฉืจื•, ืฉืœื ืœืคื™ ื”ืกื›ื ืขื ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” (ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 1975 - 1981 ) ื•ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ (ืžืฉื ืช 1982 ื•ืื™ืœืš) ื”ืคืจืฉื•ืช ืขื•ื“ืคื•ืช ื•ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืคื ืกื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื ืืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื, ื”ืžืกืชื›ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ืฉ"ื—. ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื›ื™ ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื”ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืœื ืคืขืœ ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืœื ื“ืจืฉ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืชื. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ ื”ืกืฃ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื ืคืขืœื• ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ื•ื”ื ืืฃ ื ื”ื ื™ื - ืื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช - ืžืคื™ืจื•ืช ืžื—ื“ืœื™ื”ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ื”ืœืœื•. ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืžื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœื”ืงื™ื ืงื•ืคื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืงืฆื‘ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื”ื. ืœื ื•ื›ื— ืžืžืฆืื™ ื“ื•ื— ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื”ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืงืžื” ื•ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืงืฆื‘ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ (ื›ืค"ื™), ื”ืจื™ ืฉืขืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืชื•ืš ืžืฆื™ืืช ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืืœื”, ืœืฉ ืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืื™ืชื ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืœืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ืžืœื‘ื“ ื–ืืช ืขืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืชืงื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืคืจืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชืงื ื•ื ื™ ืื•ืชืŸ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช ืœืงืฆื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื’ืฉื• ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืื’ืฃ ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœืžืžืฆืื™ ื“ื•ื— ื–ื”. ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื“ื•ื— ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ื”ืคืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ื ืŸ ืœืคื ืกื™ื”. ื›ืฉืœ ื–ื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื‘ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ืžืฉืœื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช, ื•ื›ื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืช "ืžืฆืœื™ื—"71 .ืคื•ืขืœืช
576
ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž . ื’ื™ื•ืกื™ ื”ื•ืŸ - ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž
. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืกื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื”ื’ื• ืžืฉื ื” ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืชื™ื“, ืฉืื ืœื ื›ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช.
577
ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ื˜ืœืช ื›ื•ืคืจ - ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืจื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืžื›ืจื™ืข ืฉืœ ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืข"ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืœื ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืขืœ ื˜ื•ืคืกื™ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืขืช ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื›ื•ืคืจ. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืจืง ื‘ืชื—ื ืช ืžืข"ื ืชืœ -ืื‘ื™ื‘ 3 ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืœื”ื—ืชื™ื ืื•ืชื ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืœื” ืขืจื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ืคื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžืกื›ื•ื ื”ื›ื•ืคืจ ืื• ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืขื‘ึตืจื” ืฉื›ื•ืคืจื”, ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื—ืชืžื• ืขืœ ืขืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ืจืฉืขื• ื‘ืขื‘ึตืจื” ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืžื ื” ื ื’ื‘ืชื” ื”ืขืจื•ื‘ื”.
578
ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช . ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช - ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช
ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ืœื ืžืฆืื” ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืฆืขื“ื™ื ืืœื• ื”ื•ืฆืื• ืžื”ื›ื•ื— ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื•ื›ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืจื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช. ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื ื•ืชืจ ืื ื›ืš ืจื•ืคืฃ. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ืžืจืฅ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช.
579
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจ . ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื•ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ื ืžืงื ื”, ืžืกืคื•ื ื•ืžื ื™ืขืช ืžื—ืœื•ืช
ื˜ื•ืคืกื™ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืžื•ืœืื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื•ื ื™ื•ืช 48 ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื—ืŸ 180- (ืžืชื•ืš ื› 2019 ืขื“ ืืžืฆืข ืฉื ืช 2018 ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืืจืฆื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ืช ื˜ืคืกื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืืจืฅ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื•), ืฉื‘ื”ื ืคื•ืจื˜ื• ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ื‘ืœ ืžืงื ื”. ืžื˜ืคืกื™ื ืืœื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื”ื™ื‘ื•ืื ื™ื ืœื ืžื™ื™ืฉืžื™ื ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ืืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื”ื˜ืคืกื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืชื—ื–ื•ืงืช ื”ืื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืกื›ื ื•ืช ืžืžืฉื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ื™ ืชื ืื™ ื”ืžื—ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช. ืขื•ื“ ืขื•ืœื” ืžื˜ืคืกื™ื ืืœื” ื›ื™ ืชื—ื–ื•ืงืช ื”ืื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื™ืจื•ื“ื”, ืขื“ 44%-ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื™ืจื•ื“ื™ื. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืžื› ืžื”ื˜ืคืกื™ื ืฆื•ื™ืŸ 42% -ืœืงื•ื™ื”, ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืœื•ื›ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ืคืจืฉื•ืช; ื‘ื› ืžื”ื˜ืคืกื™ื ืชื•ืืจื• ืจื™ื— ืืžื•ื ื™ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืจืคื“ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืจื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืœื ื”ื•ื—ืœืฃ ื‘ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ืกื™ื 33%-ื•ื”ืฉืงืชื•ืช ืจื™ืงื™ื ืžืื•ื›ืœ ื•ืฉืชื™ื™ื”; ื‘ื› ืžื”ื˜ืคืกื™ื ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื•ื ื•ื”ืœื—ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœ ื—ืจื™ืฃ ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืคืจืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื’ื•ืจื ืœืฆืจื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช 29%-ื‘ืชืื™ื; ื‘ื› ืžื”ื˜ืคืกื™ื ื ืจืฉื ื›ื™ ื”ื•ืคืขืœ ื›ื•ื— ื›ืœืคื™ 4%-ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืื•ื•ืจื•ืจ; ื•ื‘ื› ื”ื‘ื”ืžื•ืช ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉื•ืงืจื™ื ื—ืฉืžืœื™ื™ื.
580
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจ . ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจ
ืžื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉืฉื”"ื ืžืขืกื™ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžืื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื™ื“ืข ื—ืงืœืื™ ื•ืœื”ืคืฆืชื•, ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื•ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืง, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื”"ื ื ื”ืœื™ื ืชืงืคื™ื ื”ืžืคืจื˜ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ืžืกื“ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื•ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื—ืงืœืื™ื, ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื•ืื•ืคืŸ ืกื™ืคื•ืงื, ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื”"ื, ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืœื”ืœืŸ:
581
ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ . ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื™ื•ืก ืฉืœ ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™
ืžืŸ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื’ื™ื•ืก ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื—ื˜ื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ื‘ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืžืกืžืš, ื•ื‘ื• ื”ืฆื™ืข ืœืฉื‘ืฅ ื—ืœืง ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ืชื•, ื•ื–ืืช ื˜ืจื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ืกื•ืคื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื”, ื˜ืจื ืคืจืกื•ื ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื˜ืจื ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื•ื˜ืจื ื›ื™ื ื•ืกื ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื. ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ืชื•ืขื“ื• ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื›"ืžื•ืžืœืฆื™ื". ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืฉื™ืžืฉ ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื”, ื•ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืื›ืŸ ื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ืฉืฉืžื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ื›ืžื•ืžืœืฆื™ื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืชืื’ื™ื“, ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืฉืืจ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื’ื“ืจื• ืžื•ืžืœืฆื™ื.
582
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช . ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจื™ื
ืื™-ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ื›ืžืงืฉื” ืื—ืช ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืื›ืŸ ืžืฉืงืฃ ืืช ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื›ื“ืจื™ืฉืช ื”ื—ื•ืง. ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืจ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช 2014 ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืช ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื‘ืฉื ืช ื“ืื– ืœืคื ื™ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื›ื™ "ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืžืชืžื ื” ื›ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืื—ืช, ื•ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืจืื™ื™ืชื” ื›ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืขืช ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื™, ื‘ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœื”ืจื›ื‘ ื›ืœืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”", ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ื™ื‘ื•ืฆืข ื‘ืขืช ื•ื‘ืขื•ื ื” ืื—ืช. ืื•ืžื ื ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืื– ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืฉืžื•ื ืชื” ื•ืœื ื‘ืžืžืœืื™ ืžืงื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื—ื“ืœื• ืœื›ื”ืŸ. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื’ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื ื•, ืฉื›ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืฉื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืžื ื•ืช. ืžื•ืฆืข ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืžื•ืช ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื”, ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ, ื›ืžืงืฉื” ืื—ืช.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ
ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžืจืž"ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ืฉืžื•, ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื—ืœืฃ ืžืื– ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืŸ, ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื•ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื™ืฉืงืœื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืงืจืงืข ืœืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ืžืจื‘ ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœื›ืœืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืจืž"ื™. ื‘ื“ ื‘ื‘ื“, ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื ืงื‘ืข ืื—ืจืช, ืžืฆื•ืคื” ืžืจืž"ื™ ื•ืžื”ื•ื•ืช"ืค ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช. ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื–ื•, ืขืœ ื”ื•ื•ืช"ืค ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืž"ื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจืื™ ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืงืจืงืข ืœืžื’ื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”.
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ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื•ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืขืจื›ืื•ืช . ืžืขืฆืจื™ื ืคืœื™ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืขืจื›ืื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ืงื™ ืžืขืฆืจื™ื
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืช ืคืจืงืœื™ื˜ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืžื˜ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื–ืžื” ืœื”ื’ืฉืช ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ื”ืชื‘ื™ืขื”. ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืชื•ืžืš ื‘ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืชืคื™ืกืชื™ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื‘ืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ื—ืžืจืช ื”ืคืฉื™ืขื”. ืžื•ืฆืข ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ื’ื ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืช ืคืจืงืœื™ื˜ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”
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ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื•ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืขืจื›ืื•ืช . ืžืขืฆืจื™ื ืคืœื™ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืžืขืฆืจ ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜
ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืฉื™ืžื•ื ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืžื˜ืขื ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ืžืขืฆืจื™ื, ื•ืฉืชื™ืงื‘ืข ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืื—ืจืื™ื™ื ืžื˜ืขื ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื ื—ืฉื•ืŸ.
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ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื•ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืขืจื›ืื•ืช . ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืคืฉื™ืขื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืื›ื™ืคื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื•ื—ื™ืœื•ื˜ื™ื
ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื”ื™ืงืคื™ ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื’ืžื” ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ื’ื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื” ื•ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื™ืงื™ื. ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืื•ืžื ื ื”ื•ื˜ืžืข ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืžื•ื‘ื”ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืฉื™ืขื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื ื—ืงืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืงืจื•ืช ื”ืืจืฆื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช, ืืš ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ื˜ืžืขืช ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”. ืžื•ืฆืข ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื•ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืœืคื™ื” ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื ื™ืขื“ื™ ืชืคื™ืกื” ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื.
587
ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื•ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืขืจื›ืื•ืช . ืžืขืฆืจื™ื ืคืœื™ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ืชื ืื™ ื”ืžืขืฆืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกื•ื”ืจ
ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื™ืื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื™ืื” ืฉื™ื™ื“ืจืฉื• ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืœื™ืื”. 18,000 - ืž"ืจ ืœื›ืœื•ื - ื› 4.5 ืœืคื™ ื”ืชืงืŸ ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื” ืืคื•ื ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ื, ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ , ืขืœื•ืœื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ืคื” ืœืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื›ืœื•ืื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืื™- 2020 ืžืื™ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืคืกืง ื”ื“ื™ืŸ.
588
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื . ืžืื’ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœ ืจืฉื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช - ื”ืคืฆืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืชื•
ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ, ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื, ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ื“ื•ืืจ ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™, ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžืงื•ื ื”ืขืกืงื™ื, ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”. ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื• ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื“ื ืืช ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืงืžืช ืžืื’ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœ ืจืฉื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ืคืชื™ื—ืชื• ืœืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ืžืงื•ื•ื ืช - ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืขืกืงื™ ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืžืชื•ื•ื” ื–ื” ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื ืกื— ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืคืจื™ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ื•ื–ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื ื’ืฉืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืจืฉื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช.
589
ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืื’ืฃ ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช
ื”ืžืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™, ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืžืžืŸ, ืขืœ ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ืŸ ื•ืขืœ ืžื™ืงื•ืžืŸ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืขืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.
590
ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ . ื”ืžื™ื–ื ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ "ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช"
ืื•ืชื” ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืžื˜ื”". ืขื•ื“ ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื›ื™ ืื™ืฉ ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืžื™ื ื” ืœืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื˜ื” "ื”ื›ื™ืจ ืœืขื•ืžืง ืืช ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžื˜ื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช ื•ืคืขืœ ืœืชื›ืœืœ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื˜ื” ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœืชืคื™ืกืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช".
591
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ืžืื–ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื™ื•ื 31.12.18 - ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืœื ื•ื›ื— ืžืงืจื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืื™ื ื” ืžืกืคืงืช, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืœื—ื“ื“ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื•ื‘ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•. ื‘ืคืจื˜, ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื ืžืฆื ืคืขืจ ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ืžื“ื ื™ื ืœื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืžื•ืฆืข ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืœืคื ื™ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืžื›ืจื– ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื.
592
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืคื ืกื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” - ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžืขืงื‘
ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœื—ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื‘ื“ื•"ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ื ื›ื™ "ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืฆื”"ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื“ืจืš ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื—ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืงื˜ื•ืืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจืชื™ ื”ืงื‘ืข ื•ื’ืžืœืื™ ืฆื”"ืœ" ื•ื›ื™ "ืขืœ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื”"; ืื•ืœื ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจ. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืœืื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ื’ืžืœืื•ืช ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืฆื”"ืœ, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืฆื”"ืœ ื™ืืžื•ื“ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืงื˜ื•ืืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจืชื™ ื”ืงื‘ืข ื•ื’ืžืœืื™ื•, ื•ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืื™ืœื• ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ.
593
ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” . ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”
ืขื“ ืžืื™ 2018 ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ , ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ืชืฉืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช 2019 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช 13- ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื› 24 ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืจื”"ื ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืื• ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ืœื ืฉื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื”ืชื›ื ืกื” ืืœื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืกื‘ื‘ ื—ืชื™ืžื•ืช, ื•ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืคื” ืื—ื“.
594
ืœืฉื›ืช ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืœืฉื›ืช ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืžื ืข ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืขืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืชื’ืœื•. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ื”ืœื™ืš ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ ื•ืกื“ื•ืจ ืœืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ืขืœื• ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช. ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื–ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืœื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืขืกืงื• ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื ื”ืžื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื.
595
ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ื™ื . ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื™ื•ื 31.12.18
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื•ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ืื™ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืคื™ืจื˜ื• ื›ื™ ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช 2018 ืœื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืœืฉื ืช 1 'ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืžืก . ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื ืขืฉื™ืช 6 'ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื ื‘ื—ื ื” ืœืื•ืจ ืชืงืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ืื•ืช ืžืก , ื™ืฉ ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืžื•ืจ 35 ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ืื™ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชืงืŸ ืœื“ื•โ€œื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืื. 1 'ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืžืก
596
ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ื™ื . ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช - ืžื™ื–ื ืขืจื™ื ื—ื›ืžื•ืช
ืชืžื•ื ืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืžืฉืชืงืคืช ืžื›ืœ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืžืœืžื“ืช ื›ื™ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœื ื•ืฉื ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืงื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืชื™ืื•ื ื•ืกื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ื’ื•ืจื ืืฉืจ ื™ืชื›ืœืœ ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ื˜ืžืขืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช.
597
ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ื™ื . ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ื˜ืจื“ื” ืžื™ื ื™ืช
ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื ื”ื•ืฉืœื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ. ืืฃ ืฉื—ืœืคื• ืฉื ื” ืžื—ืงื™ืงืช ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืฉืœื ืืคื•ื ื ื•ืกื— ื”ืชืงื ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืชืื, 20 .2010 ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ื—ืœ ืžืฉื ืช
598
ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ื™ื . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื™ื
ื”ืชืจื—ื‘ื• ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ 2017 - 2012 ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”, ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื’ื‘ืจื• ื’ื ื”ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืื’ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืขื ื”ืชืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื™ื, ื”ืคืขืจ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื‘ืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ืœื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™. ืžืฆื‘ืช ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื—ืกืจื” ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืคื’ื•ื ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืœืžืœื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื•ืœืงื“ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ืืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขืช ืœืชื—ื•ื ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื™ื. ืžื•ืฆืข ื›ื™ ื ืฉ"ื, ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื™ื‘ื—ื ื• ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื’ื™ื•ืก ื•ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืชื—ื•ื ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืžืชื—ื•ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ื‘ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ื•ืžืชื—ื•ื ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืื™ืœื• ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื•ื‘ืื™ืœื• ื›ืœื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื™ื•ืก ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืชื—ื•ื ื–ื”.
599