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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ . ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ืฉื›ืจื• ืฉืœื ืœื–ื›ืื™ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™
ืžืžืกืžื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ืžืกื•ื“ืจืช ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืขืกืงื”, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื, ื›ื“ืื™ื•ืชื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขืกืงื” ื•ืฉืืœืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื”ื™ื˜ืœื™ื ืฉืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉืืช ื‘ื”ื.
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ืจื›ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž . ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืงืจื•ื ื•ืช - ืจื›ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืฉื ืœืคืจืฉื ื•ืช, ืืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื ืœื›ืœ.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” . ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช - ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื”
ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื' ืฆื‘ืจ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืืจื™ื›ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขืžื•, ื›ืŸ ื’ื“ืœื” ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื• ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื•ื›ืŸ ื’ื‘ืจ, ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืขืกืงืชื• ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืก ื”ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืžื›ื•ื— ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ื•ืŸ, ื”ืชืฉื™_ื˜-1959
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืงืคืŸ ื”ื ื™ื›ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืก, ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ื“ื” ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื–ื”, ืื™-ื”ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ืฉื‘ืื•ืžื“ื ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืกืจ ืžื’ื‘ืœื” ืขืœ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจ ื“ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจืื™ื, ืžืชื•ืงืฃ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื—ื•ืง30 , ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืขืœื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืก ืœืžืฉืง ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช - ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ื”ืคืขื™ืœื” ื ื’ื“ ืกืจื‘ื ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืืช ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ืชื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช (ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืจืื• ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš).
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ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืคื ืงืกื™ื - ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžืŸ.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื›ืก ื‘ื ืžืœ ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ื‘ืŸ ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ื‘ืจื—ื•ืช
ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™: (ื) ื”ื™ืก "ื ืคื•ืขืœืช ืœืœื ื”ื›ื ื” ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ื ื™ืช, ื•ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื” ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจืŸ ืืงืจืื™ื•ืช (ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžืฆื‘ ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื‘ื ืชื‘"ื’, ืจืื• ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš);
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ื—ื‘ืจืช ื“ื•ืืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž . ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” - ื—ื‘ืจืช ื“ื•ืืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž
3. ืขืœ ืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ 11 ืœื—ื•ืง ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช, ื”ืชืฉืœ"ื” - 1975 , ื™ืฉ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœ"ื–ื›ื•ืช ืฉื”ืขื ื™ืงื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื• ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื ื˜ืœื” ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ืืฉืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืœ, ื‘ืžื™ืฉืจื™ืŸ ืื• ื‘ืขืงื™ืคื™ืŸ, ืืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืžื“ื” ื›ื‘ืขืœืช ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”". ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื›ื–ื” ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื“ื•ืืจ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ืฉื ื—ืชื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื‘ื™ื•ื 25.3.10 ืกื•ื›ื ื›ื™ ื‘"ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืขืฉืจ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืžื”ื”ื ืคืงื” ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืœืžื•ืกื“ื™ื™ื ืชื‘ืฆืข ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืœืžืกื—ืจ". ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื ื™ื™ืฉืžื” ืกืขื™ืฃ ื–ื” ื‘ื”ืกื›ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืจื›ืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืจืืฉ ืžื ื”"ืจ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืืฆืœ ื”ืกืคืง, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ . ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืœืื™ื•ืฉ ืžืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืื” ื›ืœื™ืงื•ื™ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืžืฉืš ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ืœื ืคืจืกืžื” ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืฉ"ื, ื’ื‘' ืื™ื™ืœื” ื’ื•ื ืŸ-ืื•ืฉืจื™, ืืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื”. ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื ืฉ"ื ืชืคืจืกื ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ ืืช ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืฉืื•ืชื• ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืชื” ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2015 .
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ืจืคืืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœื—ื™ืžื” ืžืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ืข_ืž . ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืจืคืืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœื—ื™ืžื” ืžืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ืข_ืž ืขื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื•, ืœ ืžืขื˜ ืื—ื“ 17 , ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ื‘ื—ืž"ื—, ื‘ืžื ื•ืจ, ื‘ื—ื˜"ืœ ื•ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืจืคืืœ, ืœื ื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ืกืคืง ื™ื—ื™ื“; ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืจื›ืฉื” ื•ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืกืคืง. ืžืžื™ืœื ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื ื—ืชืžื• ืขืœ ื˜ื•ืคืกื™ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ื”ืžืืฉืจื™ื ืžืชืŸ ืคื˜ื• ืจ (ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื‘ื—ืž"ื— ืจืื• ื’ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš). ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉืœืขื™ืœ ืœื ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ื ื•ืกืขื™ืคื™ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื›ื›ืœืœ, ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžื›ืจื– ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืœื™ืงื•ื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™, ื”ื™ื•ืจื“ ืœืฉื•ืจืฉื• ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื”. ื–ืืช ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื”ื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื” ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืขืจื•ืš ืžื›ืจื– ืื• ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžื ื•. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ืžืชืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื, ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื ืคืขืœื• ื›ื•ื•ืขื“ื• ืช ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช, ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืจื›ืฉื” ื•ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืกืคืง ืœืžืชืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ื ืชื ื• ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื›ืืœื•. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ื™ืชืจื” ืืช ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ื‘ื—ืž"ื— ื•ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืจืคืืœ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืคืขืœื• ื’ื ื›ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืงืฃ ื ืืžื ื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืœืืฉื•ืจืŸ.
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ืฆื‘ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืื–ื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ - ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื•ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ
ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื ื—ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื—ืงื™ืงืชื™ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ื”ืฆื• ื”ื—ื“ ืฉ ื˜ืจื ื ื—ืงืง ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื‘ืื™ื•"ืฉ ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ื—ืœื• ื”ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื‘ื—ื•ืคื™ ื”ืจื—ืฆื” ื”ืžื•ื›ืจื–ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื•"ืฉ ื˜ืจื ื‘ื ืขืœ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•.
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ืฆื‘ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ืคืงืช ืœืงื—ื™ื ื‘ืฆื”ืดืœ ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ืชื—ืงื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืื™ืžื•ืŸ ืื• ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืืœื™ื”ื ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืืžื™ืจืช ืืžืช ื•ืคืชื™ื—ื•ืช ืœืœื ื—ืฉืฉ ืžื”ืคืœืœื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš, ื”ื—ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืืคืฉืจ ืืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืคืงื“ื™ ืฆื”"ืœ ื•ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื• ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชื—ืงื™ืจ, ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืชื—ืงื™ืจ ืืžื™ืŸ ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ืืช ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืคืงืช ื”ืœืงื—ื™ื. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื”, ืคืจืกื•ื ื‘ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืžืชื—ืงื™ืจื™ื ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื—ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื”ื, ื•ืืฃ ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืชื—ืงื™ืจ ื•ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืคืงืช ื”ืœืงื—ื™ื. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืขืœ ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ืช ืชื•ื”"ื“, ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ืฉืœื” ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ืคืงืช ืœืงื—ื™ื ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ, ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืžืคืงื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืืœื” ื™ื˜ืžื™ืขื• ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืื›ื™ืคืช ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ืงื™ืจ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืžืคืงื“ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื—ืงื™ืจ.
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ืฆื‘ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื•ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื‘ื—ื™ืœ ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ
ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ื’ื ืžื‘ื™ืื•ืช ืœืคืขืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ืฉืœื• ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื”, ืฉื‘ื• ืื™ื•ืฉ ืกื’ืœื™ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื ืกืžืš ื‘ื—ืœืงื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ื™ ื—ืž"ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืชืœื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื”"ื“ 15 .ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื—ืž"ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืฆื‘ืช ืกื’ืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืชื• ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื•ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืงื™ืฆื•ืฆื™ ืชืงื ื™ื, ื ื™ื•ื“ ืชืงื ื™ื, ื”ืฆื‘ืช ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื, ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื‘ื”"ื“ 15 ื•ืžื—ื•ืฆื” ืœื•, ื•ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื”.
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ืฆื‘ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืžืขืจืš ื”ื”ืชืจืžื” ืœื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ืฆื”_ืœ
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ืฆื”"ืœ ืื™ื ื• ืžื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื ื–ืงืงื™ื ืขืœ ืกืžืš ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื‘ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืขื ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ื”ืชืจืžื” ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื, ื”ืžื‘ื™ืื” ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”, ื•ืืฉืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื”ืงืฆืื” ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ืช ื•ืฉื™ื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ืžืชื‘ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื” ืงื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกื™ื•ืข ืœื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื ื–ืงืงื™ื. ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ืžืฉื ื” ืชื•ืงืฃ ื’ื ื ื•ื›ื— ืžืกืคืจื ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืงืฉื” 16 , ื•ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื—ืœืง ืžื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ "ืืžืฅ ืœื•ื—ื" ืœื ืขืฉื• ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื ื–ืงืงื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜. ืขืœ ืฆื”"ืœ ืœืชืช ื“ืขืชื• ืœื ื•ืฉื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื–ื” ื•ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื• ื‘ื”ืงื“ื.
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ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ . ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉื ื•ืชื ื™ื ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื”ื ืœืœื ืชืฉืœื•ื ืžืœื
ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืฉืืœื•ื ื™ื, ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืžื•ื–ืื•ื ื™ื ืœื ื–ืงืคื• ืืช ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉื›ืจื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืกื™ื. ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœืชืช ื“ืขืชื” ืœื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”.
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ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ . ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”
ืขื•ื“ ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชื™ืงื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืขื“ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2014 ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื›-100 ,ื‘ืœื‘ื“ืืฃ ืฉืœืคื™ ื”ื™ืขื“ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ื–ื” ื›-130 ืชื™ืงื™ื27 .ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืฉื•ื ืชื™ืง ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืฉื ื‘ื“ืง ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื™.
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ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ . ืื‘ื“ืŸ ืžื–ื•ืŸ - ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช, ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืชื–ื•ื ืชื™ ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ื“ืขืช ืœื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื ืขื™ื ืžื’ื•ืคื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœืชืจื•ื ืขื•ื“ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžื—ืฉืฉ ืœืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช, ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื’ื ืืช ื”ืฆืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืฉื™ื ื—ื• ืืช ืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืืฃ ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืœื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืืช ื”ื”ื’ื ื•ืช ื”ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืœืฆื“ื ืื ื™ืคืขืœื• ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืื•ืชื ื ื”ืœื™ื. ืžื•ืฆืข ืืคื•ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื“ืจื›ื™ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื™ืกื™ืจื• ืื• ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื—ืกื ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื”, ืžื—ื“ ื’ื™ืกื, ื•ื™ืขืœื• ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืžืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื•, ืžืื™ื“ืš ื’ื™ืกื.
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ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ . ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงืช ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช
ืจืง ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืฉื ื” ื•ื—ืฆื™, ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2011, ื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืฉืจื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืฉืจื™ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื”ืฆืขื” ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื•ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืื™ืฉืจื” ืืช ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ื”ืฆืขื”. ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืื•ืฉืจื” ื‘ืงืจื™ืื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ ืžืจืฅ 2012 ื•ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื” ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืงืจืืช ืงืจื™ืื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื•ืงืจื™ืื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช.
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ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ . ืื™-ืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช
ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2013 "ื™ื™ืฉื ื‘ื˜"ืœ ืืช "ืžื•ื“ืœ ื“ืœืคืง ืงื“ืžื™ ืžืฉื•ืคืจ ื‘-11 ืžืชื•ืš23 ืกื ื™ืคื™ื ืจืืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืขื•ื“ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืกื ื™ืคื™ื ืฉื”ื—ืœื• ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื—ื“ืœื• ืžื›ืš ื‘ืฉื ืช 2014 .
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจ_ . ืขื ืฃ ื”ืœื•ืœ - ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืืกื“ืจื”, ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื—_
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืขื ืฃ ื”ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื ื•ื”ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืจื™ื ื”ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื—ื˜ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื• ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื›ืœืœื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื•. ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืืช ื”ื ื™ื•ื“ ื™ื ื”ืœื• ื”ืฉื•"ื˜, ื•ืœื ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืœื•ืœ.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื . ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื—ื•ืคื™ ื”ืจื—ืฆื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ_
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœ ืชืงืŸ ืœืืœืชืจ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืขื•ืจืš ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืคื™ื ืฉื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ืŸ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ืžืชืจื—ืฆื™ื ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืฉืœื•ืžื ื•ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื . ืขืœ ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื™ื”ื™ื” ืกื“ื•ืจ ื•ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™, ื•ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืงืคื“ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ืœื•ื— ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืฉืœื•ืžื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืชืจื—ืฆื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืคื™ื.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ_
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืจืž"ื™ ื›ื™ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืžื ืชื” ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—, ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ืœืฆืžืฆื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืืช ืžืฆืื™ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื”ื•ืฉืœื. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื–ื•, ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2013 -2007 ื—ืœ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฉื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœื ื ืจืฉืžื•, ืžื›- 245,000 ืœื›- 330,000 ,, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืœืžื“ ืขืœ ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช ืื ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ืฉืœ ืื•ืชืŸ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื ืงื˜ื” ืจืž"ื™ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช. ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืงื˜ืช ืจืž"ื™ ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื”ื•ืฉืœื; ื ื“ืจืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืจืž"ื™ ืชื’ื‘ืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ื•ืžืชื›ืœืœืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช, ืฉืชืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœื”ื˜ืžืขืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืœ ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืงืจืงืข ืœืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืคืจืฆืœืฆื™ื”. ืขืœ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื’ื ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื›ืœื™ื ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื” ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ืื›ื™ืคืชื•.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”_ . ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”_
ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื›ืœื™ ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ื’ื ื‘ืฉื ืช ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉื‘ื” ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื™ื ื• ืžืื•ืฉืจ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืžืชื•ื›ื ืŸ, ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื - ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื” , ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื—ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื, ืœืชืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื•ืœื‘ืฆืข ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืืœื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื•ืฉื’ืจืชื™ื™ื. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื•ื‘ื”ื ืžืฉืจื“ ืจื”"ื, ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื’ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ืฉื ืช ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช , ืœืœื ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘, ื‘ื“ ื‘ื‘ื“ ืขื ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืœื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉ ื ื” ื–ื• . ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื–ื• ืืฃ ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2011 , ืฉื‘ื” ื ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื™ืขื“ื›ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ืืช ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”_ . ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื›ืœื›ืœื”
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืขืœื• ื‘ืคืจืง ื–ื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื”ืžื™ื™ืขืฆืช ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ื ื—ืฉืฉ ื›ื™ ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืฉื’ื” ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืงืžืชื”: ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืฆื•ืžืฆืžืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ; ืœื ืžื•ื ื” ืœื” ื™ื•"ืจ; ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื” ื•ืžืกืงื ื•ืชื™ื” ืื™ื ื ืžืชื•ืขื“ื™ื, ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ื™ืขื™ืœื” ื•ืกื“ื•ืจื”, ืžื” ืฉืคื•ื’ืข ืืฃ ื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ. ืขืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื•ืขืœ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืชืžื ื” ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื”ืžื™ื™ืขืฆืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืงื™ื•ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืกื“ื™ืจื” ื•ืžืœืื” ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื”, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืœื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืžืœื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื” ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช . ืžื•ืจื™ ื“ืจืš ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ_
ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืจืง ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2014 , ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืฆืขื” ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืชืงื ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื™ ื“ืจืš. ืืช ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื˜ืจื ื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื. ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื•ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืขืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืคื•ืขืœ ืœืคื™ื”ื ื‘ื›ืžื” ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืื™ื ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืื• ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ื“ื™ื™ื, ื•ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื• ืกืคืงื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืฉืœื”ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช . ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช_
ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื ืžืฆืื• ื’ื ื›ืžื” ื”ื–ืžื ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื”ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืžื”ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉื•ืช.
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ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” . ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืืงื“ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืžืœ_ื’ ื•ืช_ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”_
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืฆื•ื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืช. ื•ืื•ืœื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืœ"ื’ ืงื™ื™ืžื” ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืจืง ื›ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื“ื•ื—.
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ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” . ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืช_ืช ืขืœ ื”ืขืกืงืช ื”ืกื’ืœ ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจ ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ_
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื•ื•ืช"ืช ืฉืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกื’ืœ ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืžืžืœื ืืช ืžื›ืกืช ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื” ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืคื•ื’ื ื‘ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื—ืก ืกื’ืœ-ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ ื‘ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืช"ืช ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืกื’ืœ ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจ), ืฉื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื• ืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ื”ื•ืจืื”, ื•ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื™ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ืžืื–ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื™ื•ื 31.12.13 - ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœื”
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืื—ื“ืช ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ืื™, ื•ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื‘ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืชืงืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ -ืœืื•ืžื™ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ P.P.P ื›ืชืงืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ืื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ื™ืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื• ืจืื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฆื’ื” ืื—ื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื™ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ื›ื ื• ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชืงืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ -ืœืื•ืžื™, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขืฉื• ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื•ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืžื˜ื” ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ. ื”ื•ืจืื” ืžืขื™ืŸ ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชื•ืจืžืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช.
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ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” . ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ืžืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื ื™ื™ื—ื™ื_
ืžืœื•ื—ื•ืช 11 ื•-12 ืขื•ืœื”ืฉื›- 33% ืžืชื™ืงื™ ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื’"ืก ืžื™ื ื•ืืจ 2012 ืขื“ ืžืจืฅ 2014 ื ืคืชื—ื• ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื—ื™ืคื”, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืชื™ืงื™ื ืฉื ืคืชื—ื• ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื“ืจื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื ืžื•ืš ืžื›ืš ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ( 12.5% ื‘ืœื‘ื“); ื–ืืช ื‘ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืžื•ืกื“ืจื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื—ื™ืคื” ื”ื•ื ื› - 13.5% ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืžื•ืก ื“ืจื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ, ื•ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื“ืจื•ื - ื›- 19% (ืจืื• ืœื•ื—1 ืœืขื™ืœ). ื‘ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื ื‘ื“ืง, ืžื—ื•ื– ื“ืจื•ื ื˜ื™ืคืœ ืืžื ื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืื•ืชืจื• ืžืคื’ืขื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ, ืืš ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืœื™ืš ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™, ื•ืจืง ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ืœื™ืš ืคืœื™ืœื™. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช ืžื—ื•ื– ื—ื™ืคื” ื˜ื™ืคืœ ืืžื ื ื‘ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืงืจื™ื, ืืš ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžื”ื (ื›- 46% ) .ืœื”ืœื™ืš ืคืœื™ืœื™ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืžืคืขืœื™ื ื”ืคื•ืœื˜ื™ื ืžื–ื”ืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ื•ื™ืจ, ื™ืฉ ื‘ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืฉื•ื ึผื•ืช ืœื ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื’"ืก ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืคืขืจื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช, ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชื•ื•ื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืคื’ืขื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจ ืœื”ื’"ืก ื‘ืคืจื˜, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ืœืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื–ื”.
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ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ืœืŸ_
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” , ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ื ืฆื—ืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื• ืžืชืคืจืกืžื•ืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ื” ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžืชืื™ืžื” ื”ืžืขื•ื’ื ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืฉื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืกื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืคืจืกืžื• ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืกื•ืคื™ื•ืช ืฉื’ื•ื™ื•ืช.
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ื—ื‘ืจืช ื ืžืœ ืืฉื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืข_ืž . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื•ื‘ืžืžืฉืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ - ื—ื‘ืจืช ื ืžืœ ืืฉื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืข_ืž_
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš 2011 ื•ืขื“ ืœืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2012 , ื•ืืฃ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืœืฉื ืช 2012 , ืœื ืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืœื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื ืžื•ืš ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžื—ื•ืง ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื–ื•, ื”ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืœื ืขืžื“ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืžืจืช ื”ืžืฆื‘, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื ืžื•ืš ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื•ืืช ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืขืœ ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืขืœ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ืขื“ ืืฉืจ ื”ืขืœื” ื”ื™ื•"ืจ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ 2012 . ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืงื“ื ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืœืฉื ืช 2012 ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช, ืื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ืœื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžื” ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืœืงืจืืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืœืฉื ืช 2013 ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื” ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื ืžื•ืš ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘. ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2012 , ืœื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื”ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืœื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื ืžื•ืš ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืื• ืœื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืขืœ ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืขืœ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืชื”. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืฉื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืฆื™ื’ื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื“ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ืžืœืฆื” ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืจื›ืฉ ื•ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื•ืœื ื‘ืื™-ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื• .
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื˜ื™ื ื™ื ื ืคื’ืขื™ ืชืงื™ืคื” ืžื™ื ื™ืช ืื• ืืœื™ืžื•ืช_
ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืœืงื˜ื™ื ื™ื ื ืคื’ืขื™ ืขื‘ืจื•ืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืœื ื”ื•ืกื“ืจ ืžืขื ื” ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ ืžื•ืชืื, ื–ืžื™ืŸ ื•ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืชืฉืœื•ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ืกื“ืจ ืœ ืงื˜ื™ื ื™ื ื ืคื’ืขื™ ืขื‘ืจื•ืช ืžื™ืŸ, ื• ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืžืฆื™ืขื•ืช ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืœื ืคื’ืขื™ ืขื‘ืจื•ืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื”ื™ืฆืข ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืชื•, ื•ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืžื•ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื•. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื™ื ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื–ืžื™ื ื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืชื™ืชื›ืŸ ื”ืžืชื ื” ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื—ืจื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ื ื–ืง ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ื’ืจื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืคื™ื–ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื—ื•ืฅ-ื‘ื™ืชื™ื•ืช_
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืขื™ืŸ ืืœื” ืื™ื ื ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืžื™ื“ืข ืขื“ื›ื ื™ ื•ืจืฆื™ืฃ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื•ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืžืฉ ื›ืœื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื™.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”_ . ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ื ืžื•ืš_
ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืœื•ื— ื–ืžื ื™ื ืžืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ืœืกื™ื•ื ืคื™ืชื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ื˜ืžืขืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ื•.
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ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ื . ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืขืฆืจ ืžืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกื•ื”ืจ
ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืฉืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื•ืฉื‘"ืก ืœื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื•ืœืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืขืฆื•ืจื™ื ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื: ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื, ืฉืขื™ืงืจื ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืงืœื™ื˜ืช ืขืฆื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ืœืฉื‘"ืก ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”; ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ื˜ืช ืขืฆื•ืจื™ื ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื• ืงืœื™ื˜ืช ืขืฆื•ืจื™ื ืคื’ื•ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ; ื•ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืขืฆื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืชืงื ื™ ื›ืœื™ืื” ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืกื›ืกื•ื›ื™ ืขืฆื•ืจื™ื. ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืืœื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื”ื›ื ืช ื”ืกื›ื ืžืชื›ืœืœ, ืฉื™ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™ื™ื, ื•ืฉืžืžื ื• ืืคืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื’ื–ื•ืจ ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืฉ ืฉื ื™ื, ืžืื– ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืฉืจ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืžืขืจืš ื”ื›ืœื™ืื” ื•ื”ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื‘"ืก ื•ื”ืชื—ืœืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื”, ืœื ื—ืชืžื• ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื•ืฉื‘"ืก ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ื ืžืชื›ืœืœ, ื”ืžืกื“ื™ืจ ื–ืืช. ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื ื ื—ืชื ื”ืกื›ื ื›ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื, ื•ืชื—ืช ื–ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื—ื•ื– ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื—ืชื ืขื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ืฉื‘"ืก ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื• ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ื ืฉื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืžืขืจืš ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื ืขืฉื• ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ื”ืกื›ื ืžืชื›ืœืœ, ืื•ืœื ื”ื ืœื ืฆืœื—ื•, ื”ื•ื›ื ื• ื›ืžื” ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื˜"ืค, ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื•ืฉื‘"ืก, ืื•ืœื ืืฃ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ืœื ื”ื‘ืฉื™ืœื” ืœื›ื“ื™ ื”ืกื›ื ื—ืชื•ื ื•ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš . ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื ื™ื™ื_
ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืื’ืคื™ืช ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ืœืจืฉื ื”ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžืžืฆืื™ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืขื•ืžืง ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ืื•ืœื, ืœืžืขื˜ ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืขื˜ื™ื, ืœื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืขืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื˜ื—. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืจืฉื ื”ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืื—ืช ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉื‘ืกืžื›ื•ืชื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ื”ืชืงื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš . ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืจืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื•ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื’ื™ืœ ื”ืจืš_
ืืฃ ืฉืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืžืœื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื›ืšืฉืžืฉื ื”"ืœ ื”ืชืฉืข"ื ืขื“ ืฉื ื”"ืœ ื”ืชืฉืข"ื“ ื ืคืชื—ื• ื› - 1,747 ื’ื ื™ื ืจืฉืžื™ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื (ืœื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืจืš), ืžื”ื ื› - 1,339 ื’ื ื™ื ืจืฉืžื™ื™ื ืฉืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ืื›ืกื ื™ื” ืœื› - 40,000 ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ 4-3 , ื”ืงืฆื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืง 7 ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืœื’ื™ืœ ื”ืจืš, ืฉื”ืŸ ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืฉืœื™ืฉ ืž-17 ืžืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื”ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉืื™ืฉืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืขื“ ื›ื” . ืืฉืจ ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจืš ื”ืžืกื™ื™ืข, ืœืงืจืืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช 2012 , ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ืžื ื”ืœืช ื”ืื’ืฃ ืฉืขื ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื’ื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื’ื ื™ืžื™ ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ืฉืขื•ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™. ืื•ืœื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื“ืŸ ื‘ื”ืฆืขื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื›ืœืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืขืœ ืชื•ืกืคืช ื™ืžื™ ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ืฉืขื•ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ ืœื‘ื ื™ 4-3 .
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš . ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืจืคื•ืจืžืช _ืขื•ื– ืœืชืžื•ืจื”_ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืขืœ-ื™ืกื•ื“ื™_
ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืขืœ-ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขื“ื›ื ื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืžื™ื“ืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืคื•ืจื˜ื• ื‘ืžืชื "ื” ื•ื‘ืชืœืงื™ื˜ื™ื ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ, ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืขื•ืช ืชื•ืžื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื”. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืื’ืฃ, ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื”, ืชืžื•ื ืช ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ืจื•ืจื”, ืžืงื™ืคื” ื•ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืขืœ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื, ืขืœ ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื•ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืœืจืคื•ืจืžื”.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš . ื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืจืื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืžืชื•ื•ื›ื™ื (_ืžื•ืจื™ ืงื‘ืœืŸ_)_
ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ 123( 50% ) ืžื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืขืกืงื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”"ืก ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื•-110 ( 77% ) ืžื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืขืกืงื• ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”"ืก ื”ืขืœ-ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืœื™ืžื“ื• ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ืœื™ื‘ื”, ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš.
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ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ . ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ _ืชื‘ืœ_ ืœืฉื“ืจื•ื’ ืžืขืจืš ื”ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™_
ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื•ื™ ืื™ืฉืจื” ืืคื•ื ืืช ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”"ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช" ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ืืคื™ื•ืŸ ืจืง ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2011 , ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื›ื ืชื ืฉืœ ืืจื‘ืขืช ืืคื™ื•ื ื™ -ื”ืขืœ ื‘ืคืจ ื•ื™ืงื˜ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื” ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืืคื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ . ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ืื ื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ_
ืœื ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืื’ืฃ ืžืฉ"ื ืžื™ืœื ืืช ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”. ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื‘ื“ืงื” ืื ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฉืžื•, ื•ืื ืœืื• - ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื™ื•ืฉืžื•. ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื’ื ืœื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื” ืœืฉืจ ืขืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ . ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืœื–ื›ืื™ื_
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืžืžืชื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื™ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ื” ืจืง ื–ื›ืื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืงื‘ืข.
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ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกื•ื”ืจ . ื”ืžืขืจืš ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืœื•ืื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกื•ื”ืจ
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืฉื‘"ืก ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ืจืื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืืœื™ื–ื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ื•ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื™ื–ื•ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื‘ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืœืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช_
ืกืžื ื›"ืœ ื›ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื -ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื : ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื-ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืœื ืžื•ื ื” ืกืžื ื›"ืœ ื›ืกืคื™ื ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ืช ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™. ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื™ืฉ ื’ื–ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืื“ืž ื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™, ื•ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื”ืœื”; ื‘ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืžื ื”ืœ ื›ืกืคื™ื, ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื“ืจื’ืช ืกืžื ื›"ืœ. ื‘ื›ืš ืื™ืŸ ืจืื™ื™ื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื“ื™ืžื•ืช ืžืชืงื“ืžื•ืช - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช_
ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืœื‘ื“ ืžื”ืืžื™ืจื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืงื•ืจื ืฉืœื• ืž- 2010 , ืœื ืงื‘ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืชืงืŸ ืœื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืžื•ืช ืžื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืขืœ ืคื™ ืจืžืช ื”ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช. ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืชืงืŸ ื›ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืคืขืœื” ืœืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ ื“ื™ืžื•ืช, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื ืขื–ืจ ื‘ื• ื•ื ืชืŸ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืœื ืฉืงืœื•ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื”ืจืฆื•ื™ ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืชืงืŸ ื”ืืžื•ืจ, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื™ื™ืขืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฉืŸ_
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ืžืชืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื ืœื ื–ืงืงื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ื ื• ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ื•ืžืชืงื“ืžืช ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื—ืœืฉื”, ืชืฉืœื‘ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืขื ื™ืงื” ืœืคืœื— ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื–ื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืืฃ ืจืื” ืœื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ. ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืขื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื ืœื ื–ืงืงื™ื. ืื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ื”ืžืื•ืฉืคื– ื•ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•_
ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื”, ื›ื™ ื‘-18 .ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžื•ื ื• ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืืชื™ืงื”ืขื ื–ืืช, ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืืชื™ืงื” ื”ืชื›ื ืกื• ืคืขืžื™ื ืžืขื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2013 : ื‘ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ืื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืืชื™ืงื” ืœื ื”ืชื›ื ืกื• ื›ืœืœ; ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืชื›ื ืกื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืืชื™ืงื” ืจืง ืคืขื ืื—ืช; ื‘ืฉื™ืฉื” ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื”ืชื›ื ืกื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืขื ืื—ืช ืœืฉืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื; ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืจ 12 ืคืขืžื™ื. ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ืชื›ื ืกื” ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืฉืฉ ืขื“ 12 ืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื›ืžื” ื”ืชื›ื ืกื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื™ื•ืขื“ื• ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื—ื•ืง , ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืœ ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืคืจื˜ื ื™ื™ื , ืืœื ืœื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืืชื™ื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ื™ื. ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืืชื™ืงื”, ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžืžืฉื™ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ืขืœื” ืฉืขืœ ืืฃ ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืืชื™ืงื”, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื ื ื™ืชื—ื• ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ืš. ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ - ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืœื ื–ื›ื” ืœืขืœื•ืช ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ื™ื•ืžื. ืžื›ืš ืขื•ืœื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ืžืกืจ ืฉื”ื ื•ืฉื ืื™ื ื• ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื“ื™ื•.
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ื”ืžื›ืœืœื” ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ืช ืœื”ื ื“ืกื” ืื•ืจื˜ ื‘ืจืื•ื“ื” . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืœืœื” ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ืช ืœื”ื ื“ืกื” ืื•ืจื˜ ื‘ืจืื•ื“ื”_
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื”ืกื›ื ืžืฉืžืจ ืืช ืžืขืžื“ื” ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœ ืื•ืจื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ืœืœื”, ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื•ืช"ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ืชืจ ื”ืžื›ืœืœื•ืช.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื” . ื”ื‘ืืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ื•ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื_
ืžื”ืชืจืฉื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2014 -2010 ืงื˜ื ื”ืžื›ืกืช ื”ืขื•"ื– ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 4% (ืž- 26,000 ืœ- 25,000 ), ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืงื™ื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 25% ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžืžืื™ 2009.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ - ืื–ืจื—ื™_ . ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™-ืœืื•ืžื™ - ืžืžืฆืื™ ืžืขืงื‘_
ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืœื ืขืžื“ื” ืขื™ืจื™ื™ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉืช ืชืงื ื” 3()(ื3), ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” 250 ืžืชื ื“ื‘ื™ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื’ื“ืจื” ื‘ื—ื•ื•ืช ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืžืฉื ืช 2003, ื ื•ืชืจื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื”.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจ . ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืขืจ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ืžืžืฆืื™ ืžืขืงื‘
ืขื“ ืœืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืžืขืงื‘, ื™ื•ืœื™ 2013, ืœื ื”ื•ืฉืœืžื• ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื•ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ื—ืœ ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื‘ื›ื ืกืช.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจ . ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื™ื›ืจื™ื ืฉืขืœื• ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืžืฉื—ื˜ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2012 , ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืฉื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉื”ืขืœื• ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื•ื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืจื™ื™ื ืงื•ื“ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื”, ืœื ืžื•ืœืื•. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื™ื ืฉืขืฉื• ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2013 ืขื ื”ื•ื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืจื™ืช ื”ืžืคืง ื—ืช ืžื˜ืขื ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื•ื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืจื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื—ื˜ื”, ื”ืขืœื• ื›ื™ ื’ื ื‘ืฉื ื” ื–ื• ื—ืจื’ื” ื”ืžืฉื—ื˜ื” ืžื”ืžื›ืกื” ืœืฉื—ื™ื˜ื” ืฉืื•ืฉืจื” ืœื”. ื”ืžืฉื—ื˜ื” ืคืขืœื” ืืคื•ื ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื•ื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืจื™ื™ื.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื™ื•ืฆื ืืคื•ื ื›ื™ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืงื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ 139,000 ื ื›ืกื™ื ืž - 700,000 ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื: ืขืœ 81,000 ื ื›ืกื™ื ืœืœื ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ื ืจืื™ื ืœืขื™ืŸ, ื•ืขืœ ื›- 58,000 .ื‘ืชืžื•ืจื”
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื . ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื“ืชื™ื™ื - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื
ืื™ื•ืฉืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืื•ืฉืจื• ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ืข ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื•ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจื•. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ื”ืœื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืืœืชืจ ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืคื™ื™ืœื•ื˜ ืฉืขืœื™ื• ื”ื•ืกื›ื, ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื›ืš ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ ื™ื•ื—ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ืขืœ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ื™ื. ืขืœ ืฉืจืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ื”ื ื”ืœื”, ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืืช ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืขืœื• ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื–ื”.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื . ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืžืื’ืจื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื, ืฉืœืคื™ื• ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืžืื’ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืืฆืœ ื”ืจืฉื ืื™ื ื• ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืืกืžื›ืชื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืžืœื ืื—ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžื”ื•ืชื™ื•ืช.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ (ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืง) . ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืคืงื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ื“ื•ืจื™ ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” - ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืฉื™ืœืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ืžืœื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืคืงื•ืช ืืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื• ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืžืชื ืื™ ื”ื”ืกื›ื:
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ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ (ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืง) . ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ
ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืืœื” ืœื ื ื“ื•ื ื• ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื ื•ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืœืงื—ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื ื•ืชื.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ (ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืง) . ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืืจื›ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ
ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืกืžื ื›"ืœ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื• ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืจื’ืช ืžื”ื”ืกื›ื ืขื ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืชื•ืกืคืช ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช.
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ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื—ื•ืœื•ืŸ - ืž.ื˜.ื— (ืข_ืจ) . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืœื•ืŸ
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืขืœ ื”ื’ื“ืœื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจื•ืช ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื”. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื›ืœ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืžืžืŸ ืžื”ืจื–ืจื‘ื” ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืืงื“ืžื™ืช ืื• ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ืช ืฉืœื ืชื•ืงืฆื‘ื” ืžืจืืฉ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ. ื™ื•ืฆื ืืคื•ื ืฉื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื ืชื•ื ื” ืืš ื•ืจืง ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื” ืžื ื›"ืœ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื’ื ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ืขืงื™ืคื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืฉืœ ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช (ืœื”ื‘_ื”) - ืžื˜ื” ื”ืชืงืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ - ืžืžืฆืื™ ืžืขืงื‘
ื‘ืžืขืงื‘ ืžืฆื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื›ื™ ื”ืขืกืงืช ื”ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ื ืžืฉื›ืช.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ืžืื–ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื™ื•ื 31.12.12 - ื”ื’ื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ืื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™
ื—ืชื™ืžืช ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืขืœ ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื• ืœืฉืืช ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืฉืจื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืžื’ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืืœื•. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืชื‘ื—ืŸ ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื–ื•.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™
ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื‘ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืžื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ. ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ืœื›ืื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื™ื›ืœืœื• ืืช ืžึตืจื‘ ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื› ืœืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช ืœืื›ื™ืคื”.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ืื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ื•ืฉืจื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื•ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœื”
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ืืชืจ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉืœ ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ืœื”ืงืžืช ื”ืืชืจ ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื™.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื”
ืขืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืงื™ื•ื ืžืคืงื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืœืง. ืžืคืงื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืกืคืง "ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืขื•ื’ืŸ" ืžื”ื™ืžื ื” ืœื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื˜ืคื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื”, ื•ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืกื• ืืคืฉืจ ืœืืกื•ืฃ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช, ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžืงื™ืค ื” ืขืœ ืžื‘ื ื” ืขื ืฃ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื™ืงืคื•. ื‘ื—ืœื•ืฃ ื›ืžืขื˜ 30 ืฉื ื” ืžื”ืžืคืงื“ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื”ื™ืžืŸ, ืขื“ื›ื ื™ ื•ืžืœื ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืขื ืฃ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ, ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ - 2009 ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืืœืชืจ ื‘ื”ืชืืจื’ื ื•ืช ืœืžืคืงื“, ืื•ืœื ืขื“ ื™ื•ืœื™ 2013 ื”ื•ื ืœื ื ืขืจืš. ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื ืชื•ื ื™ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืœื ื ืฉืžืจื• ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื: ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช - ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื ื”ื•ืชืื ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื (ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช); ื“ื™ื•ืง - ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื ืฉื™ืงืฃ ืืช ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืืžืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”; ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช - ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืžืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื  ื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ืชืื ืœื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืœืž"ืก. ื ื•ืฉื ืžืคืงื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืžืฉืงืฃ ืงื•ืฉื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืœืž"ืก ื•ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื• ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ ืจื—ื‘ ื•ืžืงื™ืฃ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžืื– ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ื•ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืžื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืœื•.
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ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” . ืคืœื™ื˜ืช ืžื–ื”ืžื™ื ืžื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืขื™ืจื™ื™ืช ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘-ื™ืคื• ื›ื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ืช ืขื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื’"ืก ืžืฆื ืœื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืืœื™ ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2009 ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื”, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžืชื•ื•ื” ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ืคืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืชืขื‘ื•ืจื”, ื•ืœื ื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2006 . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื’ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื’"ืก ื›ื™ ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืฉ ื“ืŸ ืžื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจืชื™ืช ืื—ืช, ืกืคืง ืื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืœืคื ื• ืช ืจืง ืœื›ืžื” ืžื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ื• ื•ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื”ื›ื ืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื•ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ ืžื”ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืš.
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ืคืืจืง ืืจื™ืืœ ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืข_ืž . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ืคืืจืง ืืจื™ืืœ ืฉืจื•ืŸ
ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉืœืคื™ ื—ื•ื•ืช ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœืคืกื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืฆืขื” ื', ื•ืืฃ ืฉืœืคื™ ื—ื•ื•ืช ื“ืขืชื” ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืชื›ื ื ืช ืžื—ื•ื– ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ -ื™ืคื• ื”ืฆืขื” ื' ืื™ื ื” ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช, ืœื ื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืฉื•ื‘ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื‘ื”ืฆืขื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ืืœื ื”ื•ื—ืœื˜ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื’ืฉืจ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืฆืขื” ื' ืœืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืš ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื—ื•ื•ืช ื“ืขืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ื”ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืื›ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื™. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื›ื™ ืื ื™ื™ื‘ื ื” ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื’ืฉืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืชื•ื›ื ืŸ ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ื”ื•ื ื™ื™ื‘ื ื” ืขืœ ืกืžืš ื”ืฆืขื” ื' ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืœื™ืš ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื‘ื• ื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœื”ืงืžืช ื’ืฉืจ ื–ื”, ื•ื™ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืชื›ื ื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฆืขื•ืชื™ื”ื ืขืœ ืกืžืš ืชื ืื™ื ืืœื”.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ื”ื’ื ื™ื . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ื”ื’ื ื™ื ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื
ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2013 ืœื ืžื™ืœืื” ืจื˜"ื’ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืืช ืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื’ื ื™ื ื•ืฉืžื•ืจื•ืช, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืชื™ืง ืืชืจ ืœื›ืœ ื’ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ืœื›ืœ ืฉืžื•ืจืช ื˜ื‘ืข. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœื™ื” ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื”ืฉืœืžืชื ืฉืœ ืชื™ืงื™ ืืชืจ ื—ืกืจื™ื ื•ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืชื™ืงื™ ืืชืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื. ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื” ื”ืŸ ื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืžืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื•ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืจืฉืช ื‘ื’ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉืžื•ืจื•ืช. ืขืœ ืžืœื™ืืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืืช ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ื”ืงื“ื.
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ืžืคืขืœ ื”ืคื™ืก . ื‘ืงืจืช ืžืคืขืœ ื”ืคื™ืก ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืืช ื”ืงืžืชื ืžื™ืžืŸ
ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืฆื ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ื•ืฉืœื ืจืง ื‘ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื ืช 2013 , ื›ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ืฉืœ ืกืงืจ 2009 . ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ื”ืชื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคื™ืก ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืฉืฉ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืฉืœื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืคื™ืก ื”ืชื ื”, ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2012 ื•ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื ืช 2013 , ืจืง ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืืจื‘ืข ืžื”ืŸ32 ืงื‘ืœืช ืžืขื ืงื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ. ืœื”ืœืŸ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืฉืœื ื‘ื”ื ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ:
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ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœืืคื•ื˜ืจื•ืคืกื•ืช . ื”ืงืจืŸ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืกื•ื™ื™ื - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื - ืžืžืฆืื™ ืžืขืงื‘
,ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ืœื ื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื”ืฉืจื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื ื”ื•ื›ืจืข ื ื•ืฉื ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืกื•ื™ื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ืืžืฆืขื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ื•ืงื ืฆื•ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื”.
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ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื•ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื•ืช . ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื˜ื™ื ื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ืžืขืžื“ ืื–ืจื—ื™ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ืžืžืฆืื™ ืžืขืงื‘
ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ืžื“ื’ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื—ืœืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืงื˜ื™ื ื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ื”ืžืขืžื“ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
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ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื•ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื•ืช . ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช ืฉืจื™ื ื•ืกื’ื ื™ ืฉืจื™ื ืœื—ื•_ืœ ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืžืฉืœืชื™
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืจื ื•ื™ ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉืจื™ื ื•ืขืœ ืกื’ื ื™ ื”ืฉืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ืื” ื•ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ืืฃ ืื ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืกื’ืŸ ื”ืฉืจ ืคื—ื•ืชื•ืช ืžืืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจ.
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ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื•ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื•ืช . ื–ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืจื—ืงื” ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ
ืขืœ ืฉืจืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื” , ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ื•ื’ื ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืื ื™ื™ื“ืจืฉ, ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืชื’ื•ื‘ืฉ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื–ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืจื—ืงื” ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืชืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืื ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื–ื” ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ื’ื ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉื ื’ื–ืจืช ืžื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช. ืื ื™ื™ืžืฆ ืื• ื—ืกืžื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื” , ืขืœ ืฉืจืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืขื“ ืฉื™ื’ื•ื‘ืฉ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ.
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ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื•ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื•ืช . ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ืชืขืกื•ืงื”
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื˜"ืœ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจื ืžืชื›ืœืœ. ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืžื ื•ืข ื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžื›ืคื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื˜"ืœ, ื•ืขื“ ืœื”ืงืžืช ื’ื•ืจื ืžืชื›ืœืœ - ืขืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืืœื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื“ืจื›ื™ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ืžื•ืœ ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืคืจื˜ื™.
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ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื•ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื•ืช . ื”ื‘ืืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืจื™ื”ื
ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืจืฉืžื™ื™ื, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืื™ื ื• ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœ ื•ืฆืจืคืช, ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื–ื• ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช; ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ื•ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืกื™ื™ืžื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืคืชืŸ.
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ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ื . ืจื™ืฉื•ื™ ื›ืœื™ ื™ืจื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ื—ื–ืงืชื
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืื’ืฃ, ื›ื™ ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ื‘ื—ื ื• ืืช ื”ื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื™ื™ื“ื•ืข ืจื•ืคืื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืขืœ ืžื˜ื•ืคืœ ื”ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื• ื›ืœื™ ื™ืจื™ื™ื”. ืขืœื™ื• ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ืจื•ืคืื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ื—ื–ืงืช ื›ืœื™ ื™ืจื™ื™ื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื”ื. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืกื™ื™ืข ืœืจื•ืคื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ืžืชืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ื•ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื ืœืžืกื™ืจืช ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืžื˜ืคืœ, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ืื• ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ืคืฉื™.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš . ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื”
ืžื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื—ืฆื™ืช (ื›- 55% ) ืžื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉื”ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื•ืชืง ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ืฉื•ื ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืžืงืฆื•ืข ื–ื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื (ื”ืชืฉ"ืข -ื”ืชืฉืข"ื‘); ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื ืฉืœ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืืœื” ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื” ื”ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” (ื›- 61% ืžื”ื). ืขื•ื“ ืขืœื” ืžื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืžืž"ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ืฉื•ื ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื–ื” ืฉื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™; ื•ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ ื‘ืœื˜ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืืœื• - ื›- 90% ืžื”ืžื•ืจื™ื. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื“ืจื•ื–ื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืงื˜ืŸ ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืœื™ืชืจ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื. ืขื•ื“ ื”ืขืœืชื” ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื›ื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ืขื‘ืจื• ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ื’ื ื—ืกืจื™ ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข. ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืœื™ืžื“ื• ื‘ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื”"ืœ ื”ืชืฉืข"ื’ ื•ืืฉืจ ืœื ื”ืฉืชืœืžื• ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืชืฉ"ืข -ื”ืชืฉืข"ื‘, ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืชื—ื•ื ื”ื›ืฉืจืชื ืœื ื”ืชืื™ื ืœื”ื•ืจืืช ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื”ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื” ื›- 29% (441 ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื›ืœืœ 1,539 ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื”).
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš . ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื•ื‘ื’ื ื™ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืœื›ืœ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืœ, ื•ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื”ืขื ืงื” ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฉ ื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื•. ืžืœื‘ื“ ื–ืืช, ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ืช ืื• ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืชืงืŸ ืœืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืœื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื‘ื ื™ื™ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ื•ืช-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืœืชืคืงื•ื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืจืš ื“ื•ื•ืงื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš . ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš - ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืคื“ื’ื•ื’ื™ื ื•ืื™ืจื’ื•ื ื™ื™ื
4. ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื™ื•ื ืกื™ื•ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ืคืจื“ ื•ืœื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื’ื•ื‘ืฉื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืœื™ื‘ื”, ื›ืžื• ืฆืขื“ื” ื•ื™ืžื™ ืฉื“ื” ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื•ื‘ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ื—ื‘ืจื”. ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ื”"ืก ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžืžืŸ ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ื ืคืจื“ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉื’ื‘ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชืฉืœื•ืž ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื, ืืฃ ืฉื”ืŸ ืœื ืฉื•ืœื‘ื• ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ื ื•ื™ื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ื‘ื”, ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžืงื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ืช. ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉืœื ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืœื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืชืจื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™ื”. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืกืฃ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืžืŸ ืงื•ื“ื ื›ื•ืœ ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ืฉื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžื ื›"ืœ ืงื‘ืข ืขืœ ืคื™ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื•ืฉืจื• ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืœื ื ืงื‘ืข ืฉืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ืžื•ืชื ื” ื‘ื™ืชืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื”, ืœืื—ืจ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ. 5. ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื’ื•ืจื ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ืžื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืงืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ืื›ื™ ืขืœื•ืช ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื ืชื™ื•ืช, ืฉืื•ืฉืจื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืคืงื—ื™ื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื, ืœื ืชื—ืจื•ื’ ืžื”ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืชืจื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™ื”.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš . ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื
ืžืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืืฃ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื• ืืฃ ืฉืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื™ืฉ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืœืื” ืœืžืชืจื—ืฉ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื, ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2013 , ืœื ื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืžืฉ ืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื›ืœืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืจืื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ืกืขื•ืช. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืกืขื•ืช ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืชืŸ ืžืขื ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ ืื—ืจืื™ ื‘ื”ืกืขื” ืœื‘ื™ื”"ืก ื•ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืžืžื ื• ื•ืืช ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืกืขื” ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ . ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื ืกื•ืœืจื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ
1. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืื™ื ื• ืžืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื’ืจื” ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉื• ื˜ืคืช ืขืœ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ื”ืงื•ื ืกื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ืงืœื™ื˜ื” . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื”
ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืœื ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ืงื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืกืงืช ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช.
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ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกื•ื”ืจ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืืกื™ืจื™ื
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ืžืจืฆืช ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžืข ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื—ืจื•ืจื™ื, ื–ืืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื—ืจื•ืจื ืขืœ ืชื ืื™ ืฉืœ ืืกื™ืจื™ื ื™ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืฉื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื›ืš ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ.
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ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื‘ืงื˜ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื‘ืคืœื™ืœื™ื
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงื˜ื™ื ื™ ื ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืคืจื˜ื ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืืช ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ืจื™ื’ ืื—ื“. ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื›ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื ืื™ืŸ ื™ื“ื” ืงืœื” ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ื ื•ืขืจ, ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ ืื™ื ื• ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœ.
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ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ืงืฆืืช ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืชืžื•ืจืช ืชืฉืœื•ื
ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืžืก"ืจ ืื™ื ื” ืžืžืœืืช ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืงืฆืืช ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจื”, ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ื•, ื•ืชืจื’ื•ืžื• ืœื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื˜ืคื™ื. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืืฉ ืื’"ื ืชืžื•ื ื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืคืงื— ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืกื“ื•ืจ ื•ืขืงื‘ื™ ืขืœ ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขืกืงืช ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ืงืฆืืชื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื’ื•ืจื ืžืชื›ืœืœ ืœื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”, ืœืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืื™ืŸ ืืคื•ื ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื•ื˜ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืขืกืงืช ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื, ืขืœ ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืงืฆืืชื, ืขืœ ืื•ืคื™ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื•ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืืœื™ื”ื ื”ื•ืงืฆื• ื•ืขืœ ืžื”ื•ืช ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืคืขืœืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื›ื™ืคื” ื•ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื”.
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ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž . ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืœื”ืงืžืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื•ืœืœืช (.) - ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื•ื ื” ื›ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืขืœื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืื•ื•ื™ืจ, ื•ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืขื‘ืจ ืžืื– ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘- 2008 ื•ืขื“ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืคืงืช ื”ืœืงื—ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ื•, ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืœื ื“ื•ื•ื—ื• ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืขืช ื”ืขืœืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื•ื ืคืชืจื• ื–ืžืŸ ืžื” ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ื›ืš ืฉื”ืœืงื—ื™ื ืžืฉืœื‘ ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœื ืฉื™ืงืคื• ืืช ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื”.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืจ - ืžื ื™ืขื”, ืื™ืชื•ืจ ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ
ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ืกื›ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืขื•ื ืช ื”ืจื—ืฆื”. ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ -ื’ื ืื™ืŸ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืืชืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืกืจื˜ืŸ, ืฉื‘ื”ื ืงื™ื™ื ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื—ืฉื™ืคื” ื–ื”ื™ืจื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืคื™ ื”ื™ื, ื•ืœืืชืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ืื•ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ืขืฆืžืช ื”ืงืจื™ื ื”.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ
ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ืœื™ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ื•ืขื™ืจื™ื™ืช ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ืขืœืชื” ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ืœื”ืงื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช-ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืชืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื—ืœ ืžื™ื ื•ืืจ 2004.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืขืชื•ืช ื—ื™ืจื•ื - ืžืžืฆืื™ ืžืขืงื‘
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืœืืฉืคื•ื–, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœืžืฆื•ื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืืคืฉืจ ื”ืขื‘ืจื” ืฉืœ ื“ื’ื™ืžื•ืช ืžื”ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืื—ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืฉืขืช ื—ื™ืจื•ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ืžืขืจืš ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื•ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื
ืœื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืžืกื•ื“ืจืช. ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืคื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื–ืžืชื• ืœืงื•ืคื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื— ืื• ืœืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉืžื’ื™ืœ 2199 ืื™ืŸ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืขืจืš ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ืชื•ืžืš ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœืžืขื˜ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ).
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ื”ืžืขืจืš ืฉืœ ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคืช ื—ืœื‘
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืฉืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืชื—ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืคืขื™ืœ ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื—ื ื•ืช ืฉืžืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ืชืžื•ื ืช ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ืŸ ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ. ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ ื”ืชื—ื ื•ืช ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืงื•ืงื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ื™ืฉื•ืคืฆื•, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืจืื•ื™ื™ื49 .
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืขืจืš ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืขื•ืžืกื™ื ืœืžืขืจื›ืช, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื“ื•ืจืฉ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžืคืช"ื—, ื”ื™ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืขืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืขื•ืžืก ืžืœื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื™ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืจืฉืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืื—ืช, ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื—ื›ื, ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืฉืจืชื™ื ืžืจื•ื—ืงื™ื ื•ื”ืคืขืœืช ืชื›ื ื” ืžืฉื•ื›ืชื‘ืช (ืžื•ืกื‘ืช) - ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืžืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื, ืœืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžืคืช "ื—, ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืžืก ืžืœื. ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœื ื‘ื•ืฆืขื•. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืืช ืชืคืงื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืขื•ืžืก ื•ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืžื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืœืชืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ื•ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืขืœื• ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”.
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ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจืกืœ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจืกืœ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืกืคืจ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ืื• ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ืช ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืœื™ื’ื•ืช, ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช, ื”ืฉื—ืงื ื™ื ื•ื”ืฉื—ืงื ื™ื•ืช, ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœืคื ืงืก ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืง. ืคื ืงืก ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืงื•ื‘ืข, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืืช ื–ื”ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ืจืฉืื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืืกืคื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื•ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืชื™ื•; ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจื• ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข ืชืงื™ื ื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ื’ื•ื“. ืขืœ ื”ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช ืืช ื”ื›ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ืคื ืงืก ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ื—ื•ืง.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื™ื” . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื—ืฆื‘ื•ืช
.ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื’"ืก ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื• ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืฉื™ืงื•ื .ื”ืžื—ืฆื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ .ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื’"ืก ื‘ืžื—ืฆื‘ื•ืช ื ื˜ื•ืฉื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืกื“ื™ืจ ืฉืœ .ืกื™ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืงืžื” ื•ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ืžืื’ืจื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ืฆื‘ื•ืช. ื ืชื•ื ื™ .ืžืื’ืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฉืžืฉื• ืืช ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืงืจืŸ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื—ืฆื‘ื•ืช ื›ืชืฉื•ืžื” ืœื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื .ื‘ืงืจืŸ ืขืœ ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื—ืฆื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืฉืœื‘ื ื‘ืžืื’ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืื—ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ .ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื.
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ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” . ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืžื—ืงืจ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืงื“ืžื™ื”
.ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ื›ื™ ื‘ื˜ืจื ื™ื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ืžืกื™ืจืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืœืžื•ืกื“ ื›ืœืฉื”ื• .ืชื•ื•ื“ื ื”ื•ื•ืช"ืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ, ืœืชืคืขื•ืœ ื•ืœืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” .ืฉืœ ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืช. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืžืชืงืฉื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื .ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืช, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืชืคืงื•ื“ื”. ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช .ื”ื–ื•ื›ื™ื, ื”ืžืงื™ืžื™ื ื•ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืžื—ืงืจ, ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ื•ื’ื™ื•ืก ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื .ืžืชืื™ื ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื•ืชืคืขื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžืœื™ื™ื ืœื”ื ื’ืฉืชื” .ืœื›ืœืœ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืงื•ืœ ืงื•ืจื.
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ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” . ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”
.ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ื›ื™ ืžื›ืœืœืช ืืฉืงืœื•ืŸ ื•ืžื›ืœืœืช ืกืžื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ื ื• ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืกืชื™ื™ืข ื‘ื™ื•ืขืฅ .ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืฉื™ืœื•ื•ื” ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืื’ืฃ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ื•ืืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ
. ื‘ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื”ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื”80 ื”ืฆื”ื™ืจื” ืจืž"ื™ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื“ืคื™ ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื” ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื .ื‘ืจืžื” AA , ืืš ืžื ื’ื“ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื ื‘ืจืžืช ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื .ื‘ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื™ืฉื ื”, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืขืžืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื ื’ืฉืชื. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืžื” ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ .ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ืฉื ื•ืชื ืช ืจืž"ื™ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ - ืคืจืกื•ื ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื•ืื™ืชื•ืจ ืช ื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช .ืžืชืืจ ื•ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืื™ืชื•ืจ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช).
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ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžืขืงื‘
.ื ื•ื›ื— ื›ืœืœ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืจืž"ื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืขื ืจืฉื ื”ืงื‘ืœื ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ .ืœื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื .ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืงื‘ืœื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื• ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืืช ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืชืŸ ืœืจื™ืฉื•ื ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืชื›ื ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™. ืขื•ื“ .ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ื›ื™ ืจืž"ื™ ืชืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ืชื” , ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืœืงื™ื—ืช .ืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืœืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช.
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ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช . ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื™ื
.ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืืช ืืžื ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2015 . .ื”ืืžื ื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช, ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืขื“ื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืœืฉื‘ืขื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืžืขื ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ .ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ , ื’ื ื—ืœืง ื”ืฆื”ืจืชื™ ืฉืœ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ "ืœืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช .ืœืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช - ื‘ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ ื•ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืœืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช .ื•ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”".
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