metadata

base_model: BAAI/bge-large-en
datasets: []
language: []
library_name: sentence-transformers
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
tags:
  - sentence-transformers
  - sentence-similarity
  - feature-extraction
  - generated_from_trainer
  - dataset_size:5000
  - loss:MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
widget:
  - source_sentence: New treatments show promise in fight against antibiotic resistance
    sentences:
      - Ancient ruins discovered beneath modern city
      - Medical researchers develop innovative approaches to combat superbugs
      - Medical researchers develop innovative approaches to combat superbugs
  - source_sentence: Breakthrough in artificial intelligence sparks ethical debates
    sentences:
      - Health organizations collaborate to end polio worldwide
      - Ancient manuscript found in Egyptian tomb
      - AI researchers discuss implications of new advancements
  - source_sentence: UN condemns forced labor practices in multiple countries
    sentences:
      - Marine biologists raise alarm over rising ocean temperatures
      - Global push for labor rights gains momentum
      - Record number of endangered species found in protected area
  - source_sentence: Stock markets plunge amid fears of global recession
    sentences:
      - Discovery of ancient shipwreck off Greek coast
      - Health organizations collaborate to end polio worldwide
      - Investors react to warning signs of economic downturn
  - source_sentence: Scientists warn of accelerating ice melt in Antarctica
    sentences:
      - AI researchers discuss implications of new advancements
      - Major breakthrough in AI technology
      - New research highlights the urgency of addressing climate change

SentenceTransformer based on BAAI/bge-large-en

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from BAAI/bge-large-en. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 1024-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

Model Type: Sentence Transformer
Base model: BAAI/bge-large-en
Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
Output Dimensionality: 1024 tokens
Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity

Model Sources

Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': True}) with Transformer model: BertModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 1024, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': True, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
  (2): Normalize()
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("sentence_transformers_model_id")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    'Scientists warn of accelerating ice melt in Antarctica',
    'New research highlights the urgency of addressing climate change',
    'Major breakthrough in AI technology',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 1024]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]

Training Details

Framework Versions

Python: 3.10.12
Sentence Transformers: 3.0.1
Transformers: 4.41.2
PyTorch: 2.3.0+cu121
Accelerate: 0.31.0
Datasets: 2.20.0
Tokenizers: 0.19.1

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

MultipleNegativesRankingLoss

@misc{henderson2017efficient,
    title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply}, 
    author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
    year={2017},
    eprint={1705.00652},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CL}
}