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American indie rock band Portastatic is an American indie rock band founded in the early 1990s as a solo project of Mac McCaughan, singer and guitarist of the indie rock band Superchunk. The project has since expanded into a full band, sometimes including Superchunk guitarist Jim Wilbur and McCaughan's brother Matthew. Tom Scharpling of the 18 Wheeler fanzine released McCaughan's solo material under the fanzine's own imprint in 1993, the "Starter" 7". Since then, McCaughan has recorded several records as Portastatic, covering genres including indie rock, lo-fi, soundtrack and Brazilian music. The name "Portastatic" is derived from the TASCAM Portastudio home recording device. Discography Official albums Compilation albums Demo albums Soundtracks Singles and EPs

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvin_de_Haan"}

Canadian ice hockey player Ice hockey player Calvin de Haan (born May 9, 1991) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman for the Carolina Hurricanes of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected 12th overall by the New York Islanders at the 2009 NHL Entry Draft. Early life De Haan was born and raised in Carp, Ontario with his younger brother Evan and parents Bill and Kathy. He attended Huntley Centennial Public School and All Saints Catholic High School growing up. Playing career Amateur De Haan was drafted by the Oshawa Generals of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL) in the third round, 50th overall, at the 2007 OHL Priority Selection. Prior to joining the Generals, he played one season with the Kemptville 73's of the Central Junior A Hockey League. He was named the Rookie of the Year in the 2007–08 season after scoring 42 points in 58 games. In his rookie season with the Generals in 2008–09, he finished second on the team in scoring with 63 points, scoring eight goals and adding 55 assists. The Generals named him their top rookie and top defenceman, while he was also selected to play in the OHL All-Star Game and the 2009 CHL Top Prospects Game. Ranked 25th by the NHL Central Scouting Bureau heading into the 2009 NHL Entry Draft, de Haan expected to be a late first, or early second round, selection. He was eventually selected by the New York Islanders, who made a trade to acquire the 12th overall pick, which they used to draft him. The following season, de Haan required surgery to repair a torn labrum in his shoulder and was ruled out for the rest of the season. Professional de Haan turned professional during the 2011–12 AHL season, appearing in 56 games for the Bridgeport Sound Tigers. de Haan made his NHL debut with the Islanders that season, on December 15 against the Dallas Stars. De Haan was sent back to the AHL following his debut and was named to the 2012 AHL All-Star Team. While playing 17 games for the Sound Tigers during the 2013–14 AHL season, de Haan also skated in 51 games for the Islanders, and scored his first career NHL goal against the Toronto Maple Leafs in a 5–3 victory on January 7. On July 15, 2014, the Islanders re-signed de Haan to a three-year, $5.9 million contract. de Haan became a regular on the Islanders blueline the following season, appearing in 65 games. On August 2, 2017, the Islanders re-signed de Haan to a one-year, $3.3 million contract. The two sides were set for an arbitration meeting that afternoon, with the deal being completed in the morning. During the season, de Haan suffered a lower body injury in a game against the Los Angeles Kings and was ruled out indefinitely for the rest of the season. de Haan missed the rest of the 49 games recovering from the required surgery. On July 3, 2018, de Haan signed a four-year, $18.2 million contract with the Carolina Hurricanes. In his first season with the club in 2018–19, de Haan strengthened a dynamic Hurricanes blueline, adding 1 goal and 13 assists in 74 regular season games. Helping Carolina return to the post-season for the first time in 10 years, he appeared in a career high 12 playoff games in reaching the Eastern Conference Finals. On June 24, 2019, de Haan's tenure with the Hurricanes ended as he was traded along with Aleksi Saarela to the Chicago Blackhawks in exchange for Gustav Forsling and Anton Forsberg. However, he played a mere 29 games the following year before undergoing season-ending surgery on his right shoulder. As a free agent at the conclusion of his contract with the Blackhawks, de Haan remained un-signed over the summer. Prior to the 2022–23 season, de Haan returned to the Hurricanes organization initially on a tryout basis before signing a one-year, $850,000 contract on October 2, 2022. International play De Haan first represented the Canadian junior team at the 2009 IIHF World U18 Championships, scoring six assists in six games. He won a silver medal at the 2010 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships, though he missed two games after suffering a head injury in a game against Switzerland. On November 29, 2010, he was named to the 2011 Canadian World Junior Team selection camp for the second time, one of only four returning members from the 2010 silver-medal team. On December 19, 2010, de Haan was named an alternate captain to Ryan Ellis of the Windsor Spitfires for the 2011 Canadian junior team, along with Brayden Schenn of the Brandon Wheat Kings and Jared Cowen of the Spokane Chiefs, his fellow returnees. Career statistics Regular season and playoffs International

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Italian politician Patrizia Casagrande Esposto (26 October 1951 – 12 December 2017) was an Italian politician and member of the Democratic Party. She served as the President of the Province of Ancona from 28 May 2007 until 12 October 2014. Casagrande died on 12 December 2017, at the age of 66.

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Farm in Østlandet, Norway Brudalen is a farm in Ullensaker, Akershus, Norway. Coordinates: 60°10′N 11°06′E / 60.167°N 11.100°E / 60.167; 11.100

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Evrard"}

French musician (1893–1984) Jeanne Chevallier, spouse Jeanne Poulet, having taken from 1930 on the pseudonym Jane Evrard, (5 February 1893 – 4 November 1984), was a French musician. In 1930, she became the first woman conductor in France. Life Born in Neuilly-Plaisance, she started playing the violin at the age of seven. She was admitted to the Conservatoire de Paris, in the violin class conducted by M. Lefort. She married the violinist Gaston Poulet in 1912. The couple then met the conductor Georges Rabani, who led the Red Concerts and conducted the orchestras of the Casino de Deauville [fr] and the Théâtre de l’Odéon. In 1913, they were commissioned by Pierre Monteux to take care of the Sacre du Printemps by Nijinsky. During the 1920s, when Gaston Poulet founded the Concerts Poulet, his wife was a violin teacher; they eventually split up. In 1930, Jeanne Poulet founded her own orchestra, the Orchestre féminin de Paris [fr], composed of twenty-five female musicians. She then called herself "Jane Evrard" and was the first French woman to become a conductor. In the daily Excelsior, Émile Vuillermoz wrote The initiative taken by Jane Evrard, an excellent violinist, accomplished musician and tireless worker, is intelligent and reasoned. Jane Evrard frankly poses the problem of female labour in ensemble music. Here is an honest and courageous gesture. Her concert toured in France, Portugal, Spain and the Netherlands. At the end of her life, after being evicted from her apartment, she lived in a retirement home of the Rossini Foundation. She died in Paris at age 91. Sources

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiona_Krautil"}

Australiab gender equity, diversity and inclusion specialist Fiona Lea Krautil (born 20 February 1956) is an Australian specialist in inclusion, diversity and equal opportunity in the workplace. Biography From 1999 to 2004 Krautil was director of the Equal Opportunity for Women in the Workplace Agency (EOWA), an Australian federal government agency. During her tenure, she established the Women in Leadership Census, the EOWA Business Achievement Awards and the EOWA Employer of Choice Citation. She has previously held positions in workforce diversity and equal employment opportunities at the University of Sydney, Australia & New Zealand Banking Group, Esso Australia and Westpac. Publications

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The empirical study of plant growth in communities Phytosociology, also known as phytocoenology or simply plant sociology, is the study of groups of species of plant that are usually found together. Phytosociology aims to empirically describe the vegetative environment of a given territory. A specific community of plants is considered a social unit, the product of definite conditions, present and past, and can exist only when such conditions are met. In phyto-sociology, such a unit is known as a phytocoenosis (or phytocoenose). A phytocoenosis is more commonly known as a plant community, and consists of the sum of all plants in a given area. It is a subset of a biocoenosis, which consists of all organisms in a given area. More strictly speaking, a phytocoenosis is a set of plants in area that are interacting with each other through competition or other ecological processes. Coenoses are not equivalent to ecosystems, which consist of organisms and the physical environment that they interact with. A phytocoensis has a distribution which can be mapped. Phytosociology has a system for describing and classifying these phytocoenoses in a hierarchy, known as syntaxonomy, and this system has a nomenclature. The science is most advanced in Europe, Africa and Asia. In the United States this concept was largely rejected in favour of studying environments in more individualistic terms regarding species, where specific associations of plants occur randomly because of individual preferences and responses to gradients, and there are no sharp boundaries between phytocoenoses. The terminology 'plant community' is usually used in the US for a habitat consisting of a number of specific plant species. It has been a successful approach in the scope of contemporary vegetation science because of its highly descriptive and predictive powers, and its usefulness in nature management issues. History The term 'phytosociology' was coined in 1896 by Józef Paczoski. The term 'phytocoenology' was coined by Helmut Gams in 1918. While the terminology phytocoenosis grew to be most popular in France, Switzerland, Germany and the Soviet Union, the terminology phytosociology remained in use in some European countries. Phytosociology is a further refinement of the phytogeography introduced by Alexander von Humboldt at the very beginning of the 19th century. Phytocoenology was initially considered to be a subdiscipline of 'geobotany'. In Scandinavia the concept of plant associations was popular at an early date. Hampus von Post (1842, 1862), Ragnar Hult (1881, 1898), Thore Christian Elias Fries (1913), Gustaf Einar Du Rietz (1921). Missing Danish guy. In the Soviet Union an important botanist to apply and popularise the science was Vladimir Sukachev. The science of phytosociology has hardly penetrated into the Anglo-Saxon world, where the continuum concept of community prevailed, opposed to the concept of a 'society' of plants. Nonetheless it had some early adherents in the United States, notably Frederic Clements in particular, who used the concept to characterise the vegetation of California. Largely following European ideas, he devised his own system to classify habitat types using vegetation. Clements most important contribution was his study of succession. His work has seen much local usage. In Britain Arthur Tansley was the first to apply phytosociological concepts to the vegetation of the kingdom in 1911 after learning of its application elsewhere in Europe. Tansley eventually broadened the concept and thus came up with the idea of an ecosystem, combining all biotic and abiotic ecological aspects of an environment. The work of Tansley and Clements was quite divergent from the rest. Usage today Modern phytosociology for largely follows the work of Józef Paczoski in Poland, Josias Braun-Blanquet in France and Gustaf Einar Du Rietz in Sweden. In Europe a complete classification system has been developed to describe the vegetation types found across the continent. These are used as habitat-type classifications in the NATURA 2000 network and in Habitats Directive legislation. Each phytocoenose has been given a number, and protected areas can thus be classified according to the habitats they contain. In Europe this information is generally mapped per 2 km² blocks for conservation purposes, such as monitoring particularly endangered habitat types, predicting success of reintroductions, or estimating more specific carrying capacities. Because certain habitats are deemed more imperilled (i.e. having a higher conservation value) than others, a numerical conservation value of a specific site can be approximated. Overview The aim of phytosociology is to achieve a sufficient empirical model of vegetation using combinations of plant species (or subspecies, i.e. taxa) that characterize discrete vegetation units. Vegetation units as understood by phytosociologists may express largely abstract vegetation concepts (e.g. the set of all hard-leaved evergreen forests of western Mediterranean area) or actual readily recognizable vegetation types (e.g. cork-oak oceanic forests on Pleistocene dunes with dense canopy in Iberian Peninsula). Such conceptual units are called syntaxa (singular "syntaxon") and can be set in a hierarchy system called "synsystem" or syntaxonomic system. Creating new syntaxa or adjusting the synsystem is called syntaxonomy. Before the rules were agreed upon, a number of slightly different systems of classification existed. These were known as "schools" or "traditions", and there were two main systems: the older Scandinavian school and the Zürich-Montpellier school, also sometimes called the Braun-Blanquet approach. Relevé The first step in phytosociology is gathering data. This is done with what is known as a relevé, a plot in which all the species are identified, and their abundance both vertically and in area are calculated. Other data are also recorded for a relevé: the geographic location, environmental factors and vegetation structure. Boolean operators and (formerly) tables are used to sort the data. As the calculations needed are difficult and tedious to do manually, modern ecologists feed the relevé data into software programs that use algorithms to crunch the numbers. Association model The basic unit of syntaxonomy, the organisation and nomenclature of phytosociological relationships, is the "association", defined by its characteristic combination of plant taxa. Sometimes other habitat features such as the management by humans (mowing regime, for example), physiognomy and/or the stage in ecological succession may also be considered. Such an association is usually viewed as a discrete phytocoenose. Similar and neighbouring associations can be grouped in larger ecological conceptual units, with a group of plant associations called an "alliance". Similar alliances may be grouped in "orders" and orders in vegetation "classes". The setting of syntaxa in such a hierarchy makes up the syntaxonomical system. The most important workers to define the modern system were initially Charles Flahault, with the work of his student Josias Braun-Blanquet being the what is generally considered the final version of syntaxonomical nomenclature. Braun-Blanquet further refined and standardised the work of Flahault and many others when he worked on the phytocoenosis of the southern Cévennes. He established the modern system of classifying vegetation. Braun-Blanquet's method uses the scientific name of its most characteristic species as namesake, changing the ending of the generic epithet to "-etum" and treating the specific epithet as an adjective. Thus, a particular type of mesotrophic grassland widespread in western Europe and dominated only by the grass Arrhenatherum elatius becomes "Arrhenatheretum elatioris Br.-Bl.". To distinguish between similar plant communities dominated by the same species, other important species are included in the name, but the name is otherwise is formed according to the same rules. Another type of mesotrophic pasture dominated by black knapweed (Centaurea nigra) and the grass Cynosurus cristatus, which is also widespread in western Europe, is consequently named Centaureo-Cynosuretum cristati Br.-Bl. & Tx.. If the second species is characteristic but notably less dominant than the first one, its genus name may be used as the adjective, for example in Pterocarpetum rhizophorosus, a type of tropical scrubland near water which has abundant Pterocarpus officinalis and significant (though not overwhelmingly prominent) red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle). Today an International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature exists, in which the rules for naming syntaxa are given. Its use has increased among botanists. In Anglo-American ecology, the association concept is mostly linked to the work of the mid-twentieth century botanist Henry Gleason, who set it up as an alternative to Frederic Clement's views on the superorganismic framework. The philosophical parameters of the association concept have also come under study by environmental philosophers as to how it values and defends the natural environment. Vegetation complexes Modern phytosociologists try to include higher levels of complexity in the perception of vegetation, namely by describing whole successional units (vegetation series) or, in general, vegetation complexes. Other developments include the use of multivariate statistics for the definition of syntaxa and their interpretation. Data collections Phytosociological data contain information collected in relevés (or plots) listing each species cover-abundance values and the measured environmental variables. This data is conveniently databanked in a program like TURBOVEG allowing for editing, storage and export to other applications. Data is usually classified and sorted using TWINSPAN in host programs like JUICE to create realistic species-relevé associations. Further patterns are investigated using clustering and resemblance methods, and ordination techniques available in software packages like CANOCO or the R-package vegan.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haptic_perception"}

Perception achieved by touch Haptic perception (Greek: haptόs "palpable", haptikόs "suitable for touch") means literally the ability "to grasp something". Perception in this case is achieved through the active exploration of surfaces and objects by a moving subject, as opposed to passive contact by a static subject during tactile perception. History The term haptik was coined by the German Psychologist Max Dessoir in 1892, when suggesting a name for academic research into the sense of touch in the style of that in "acoustics" and "optics". Gibson (1966) defined the haptic system as "[t]he sensibility of the individual to the world adjacent to his body by use of his body". Gibson and others further emphasized what Weber had realized in 1851: the close l between haptic perception and body movement, and that haptic perception is active exploration. The concept of haptic perception is related to the concept of extended physiological proprioception, according to which when a tool such as a stick is used, perceptual experience is transparently transferred to the end of the tool. Haptic perception relies on the forces experienced during touch. This research allows the creation of "virtual", illusory haptic shapes with different perceived qualities, which has clear application in haptic technology. Exploratory procedures People can rapidly and accurately identify three-dimensional objects by touch. They do so through the use of exploratory procedures, such as moving the fingers over the outer surface of the object or holding the entire object in the hand. The following exploratory procedures have been identified so far: Thus gathered object or subject properties are size, weight, contour, surface and material characteristics, consistency and temperature. Along with the development of tactile sensors, some work has been dedicated to training robots exploratory procedures. Perceptual deadband Perceptual deadband is a region which captures perceptual limitations of human perception. The Weber fraction and the level crossings constant are employed to define the perceptual deadband for haptic force stimulus. The deadband has an important application in designing perceptually adaptive sampling mechanisms for haptic data compression, which is required for transmitting haptic data over a communication network. There are many factors which affect the possible shapes of the perceptual deadband, for example: Impairments of haptic sensitivity Haptic sensitivity can be impaired by a multitude of diseases and disorders, predominantly relating to skin injuries (incisions, burns, etc) and nerve lesions (through injury or impaired circulation). Additionally, loss of sensitivity (neuropathy) may be caused by metabolic, toxic and/or immunologic factors. Examples of medical conditions that can cause neuropathies are diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, thyroid dysfunction (hyper- and hypothyroidism) as well as hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and alcohol dependency. Autism, sensory processing disorder, etc. can also affect haptic sensitivity. Loss of the sense of touch is a catastrophic deficit that can impair walking and other skilled actions such as holding objects or using tools. Haptic therapy Immersive environments can recreate the feeling of haptic interaction. Exoskeletal gloves such as the Exo-Skin Soft Haptic exoskeletal interface, developed at Drexel University, can be programmed to take a patient through a program of physical therapy exercises to retrain muscles and senses.

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Howard L. Clark Jr. was the former chairman and chief executive officer of Shearson Lehman Brothers, from 1990 to 1993.He passed away in Hobe Sound, Florida on April 11, 2020 Early life and career Clark graduated from Boston University in 1967. He received his MBA from Columbia Business School in 1968. From 1968 to 1981, Clark worked at Paine Webber or its predecessor firms, eventually becoming managing director. Clark joined American Express in 1981. He later became CFO in 1985. From 1990 until 1993, Clark served as chairman and CEO of Shearson Lehman Brothers, Inc. He later served as vice chairman of Lehman Brothers from 1993 to 2008, and then as vice chairman at Barclays Capital after 2008. He currently serves as a member of the board of directors for Mueller Water Products.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenio_Rayneri_Piedra"}

Eugenio Rayneri Piedra was the architect of numerous buildings in Havana, son of Eugenio Rayneri Sorrentino a remarkable architect, author of the entrance of the Colón Cemetery, the Palace of the Marquise of Villalba, and the Mercado de Tacón. Noteworthy, Rayneri Piedra was one of the architects of the Cuban National Capitol Building, (Capitolio Nacional), completed in 1929 during the administration of President Gerardo Machado Morales together with architects Govantes & Cabarrocas, Raul Otero and Bens Arrarte among others. Both Rayneri Piedra and his father won the International Contest for the Capitolio with their entry named "The Republic". Rayneri Piedra was Artistic and Technical Director along the construction process of the building, built by American construction company Purdy & Henderson. The first graduate of the University of Notre Dame School of Architecture (Indiana, USA) in 1904, returned to Havana to enter into private practice with his father. He won an international competition for Cuba’s Presidential Palace, and was founder and first president of the Cuban Society of Architects. He was also professor at the University of Havana, brother of pianist Laura Rayneri Piedra, and uncle of ballet master Fernando Alonso (dancer). El Capitolio According to its architect, Eugenio Rayneri Piedra, the inspiration for the cupola came from the Panthéon in Paris by way of Bramante's Tempietto in San Pietro in Montorio. The cupola, which is stone clad around a steel frame that was constructed in the United States, is set planimetrically forward on the building to allow for the apse that contains La Republica, the "Statue of the Republic". At almost 92 m (302 ft) high, the dome was the highest point in the city of Havana until 1956 when the FOCSA Building was built reaching a height of 121 meters (397 ft). The Capitolio had the third highest dome in the world at the time of its construction. Gallery

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenland_ice_sheet"}

Ice sheet covering ~80% of Greenland The Greenland ice sheet (Danish: Grønlands indlandsis, Greenlandic: Sermersuaq) is a vast body of ice covering 1,710,000 square kilometres (660,000 sq mi), roughly near 80% of the surface of Greenland. It is sometimes referred to as an ice cap, or under the term inland ice, or its Danish equivalent, indlandsis. An acronym, GIS, is frequently used in the scientific literature. It is the second largest ice body in the world, after the Antarctic ice sheet. The ice sheet is almost 2,900 kilometres (1,800 mi) long in a north–south direction, and its greatest width is 1,100 kilometres (680 mi) at a latitude of 77°N, near its northern margin. The average thickness is about 1.5 km (0.9 mi) and over 3 km (1.9 mi) at its thickest point. In addition to the large ice sheet, smaller ice caps (such as Maniitsoq and Flade Isblink) as well as glaciers, cover between 76,000 and 100,000 square kilometres (29,000 and 39,000 sq mi) around the periphery. The Greenland ice sheet is adversely affected by climate change. It is more vulnerable to climate change than the Antarctic ice sheet because of its position in the Arctic, where it is subject to the regional amplification of warming. While only a small fraction of the ice sheet is expected to melt during the 21st century, it is believed that most or even all of the ice sheet is committed to melting under the present or likely near-future climate unless the recent warming is reversed, making it an example of a climate tipping point. If the entire 2,850,000 cubic kilometres (684,000 cu mi) of ice were to melt, it would lead to a global sea level rise of 7.2 m (24 ft), although this is expected to take millennia to fully play out. General The presence of ice-rafted sediments in deep-sea cores recovered from northwest Greenland, in the Fram Strait, and south of Greenland indicated the more or less continuous presence of either an ice sheet or ice sheets covering significant parts of Greenland for the last 18 million years. From about 11 million years ago to 10 million years ago, the Greenland Ice Sheet was greatly reduced in size. The Greenland Ice Sheet formed in the middle Miocene by coalescence of ice caps and glaciers. There was an intensification of glaciation during the Late Pliocene. Ice sheet formed in connection to the uplift of the West Greenland and East Greenland uplands. The Western and Eastern Greenland mountains constitute passive continental margins that were uplifted in two phases, 10 and 5 million years ago, in the Miocene epoch. Computer modelling shows that the uplift would have enabled glaciation by producing increased orographic precipitation and cooling the surface temperatures. The oldest known ice in the current ice sheet is as much as 1,000,000 years old. The ice cores also record human impact, such as lead from the Roman Empire. The weight of the ice has depressed the central area of Greenland; the bedrock surface is near sea level over most of the interior of Greenland, but mountains occur around the periphery, confining the sheet along its margins. If the ice suddenly disappeared, Greenland would most probably appear as an archipelago, at least until isostasy lifted the land surface above sea level once again. The ice surface reaches its greatest altitude on two north–south elongated domes, or ridges. The southern dome reaches almost 3,000 metres (10,000 ft) at latitudes 63°–65°N; the northern dome reaches about 3,290 metres (10,800 ft) at about latitude 72°N (the fourth highest "summit" of Greenland). The crests of both domes are displaced east of the centre line of Greenland. The unconfined ice sheet does not reach the sea along a broad front anywhere in Greenland, so that no large ice shelves occur. The ice margin just reaches the sea, however, in a region of irregular topography in the area of Melville Bay southeast of Thule, as well as in Jokel Bay. Large outlet glaciers, which are restricted tongues of the ice sheet, move through bordering valleys around the periphery of Greenland to calve off into the ocean, producing the numerous icebergs that sometimes occur in North Atlantic shipping lanes. The best known of these outlet glaciers is Jakobshavn Glacier (Greenlandic: Sermeq Kujalleq), which, at its terminus, flows at speeds of 20 to 22 metres or 66 to 72 feet per day. On the ice sheet, temperatures are generally substantially lower than elsewhere in Greenland, due to the local effects of ice-albedo feedback. The lowest mean annual temperatures, about −31 °C (−24 °F), occur on the north-central part of the north dome, and temperatures at the crest of the south dome are about −20 °C (−4 °F).[citation needed] On 22 December 1991, a temperature of −69.6 °C (−93.3 °F) was recorded at an automatic weather station near the topographic summit of the Greenland Ice Sheet, making it the lowest temperature ever recorded in the Northern Hemisphere. The record went unnoticed for more than 28 years and was finally recognized in 2020. The ice sheet as a record of past climates The ice sheet, consisting of layers of compressed snow from more than 100,000 years, contains in its ice today's most valuable record of past climates. In the past decades, scientists have drilled ice cores up to 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) deep. Scientists have, using those ice cores, obtained information on (proxies for) temperature, ocean volume, precipitation, chemistry and gas composition of the lower atmosphere, volcanic eruptions, solar variability, sea-surface productivity, desert extent and forest fires. Subglacial sediment from ~1.4 km (0.87 mi) beneath the ice stored since 1966 indicates that Greenland was completely ice-free and vegetated at least once within the last million years. This was not expected and may show Greenland to be more fragile and sensitive to climate change than previously thought. Recent climate change General considerations on rate of change In the earlier decades, an area in the North Atlantic including southern Greenland was one of the only areas in the World showing cooling rather than warming, and Greenland had shown more complex temperature trends than the other areas of the world. A 2006 paper on Greenland's temperature record showed that the warmest year on record was 1941 while the warmest decades were the 1930s and 1940s. The data used was from stations on the south and west coasts, most of which did not operate continuously the entire study period. However, later and more complete data sets have established strong warming in the period 1979–2005 (consistent with the concurrently observed Arctic sea ice decline and its ice-albedo feedback) As the Greenland Ice Sheet had experienced unprecedented melting since the detailed records began, and is likely to contribute substantially to sea level rise as well as to possible changes in ocean circulation in the future. Several factors determine the net rate of growth or decline. These are: The last time that the combination of these factors had resulted in a net mass gain was in 1996. As of 2022, Greenland ice sheet had been losing ice for 26 years in a row. The snow line is the dividing line between the area, above the snow line, where snow continues to accumulate during the summer, and the area below the snow line which experiences summer melting. The melt zone, where summer warmth turns snow and ice into slush and melt ponds of meltwater, has been expanding at an accelerating rate in recent years. When the meltwater seeps down through cracks in the sheet, it accelerates the melting and, in some areas, allows the ice to slide more easily over the bedrock below, speeding its movement to the sea. Besides contributing to global sea level rise, the process adds freshwater to the ocean, which may disturb ocean circulation and thus regional climate. An examination of 32 outlet glaciers in southeast Greenland indicates that the acceleration is significant only for marine-terminating outlet glaciers—glaciers that calve into the ocean. A 2008 study noted that the thinning of the ice sheet is most pronounced for marine-terminating outlet glaciers. As a result of the above, all concluded that the only plausible sequence of events is that increased thinning of the terminus regions, of marine-terminating outlet glaciers, ungrounded the glacier tongues and subsequently allowed acceleration, retreat and further thinning. Two mechanisms have been utilized to explain the change in velocity of the Greenland Ice Sheets outlet glaciers. The first is the enhanced meltwater effect, which relies on additional surface melting, funneled through moulins reaching the glacier base and reducing the friction through a higher basal water pressure. (Not all meltwater is retained in the ice sheet and some moulins drain into the ocean, with varying rapidity.) This idea was observed to be the cause of a brief seasonal acceleration of up to 20% on Sermeq Kujalleq in 1998 and 1999 at Swiss Camp. The acceleration lasted between two and three months and was less than 10% in 1996 and 1997 for example. They offered a conclusion that the "coupling between surface melting and ice-sheet flow provides a mechanism for rapid, large-scale, dynamic responses of ice sheets to climate warming". Examination of recent rapid supra-glacial lake drainage documented short term velocity changes due to such events, but they had little significance to the annual flow of the large outlet glaciers. The second mechanism is a force imbalance at the calving front due to thinning causing a substantial non-linear response. In this case an imbalance of forces at the calving front propagates up-glacier. Thinning causes the glacier to be more buoyant, reducing frictional back forces, as the glacier becomes more afloat at the calving front. The reduced friction due to greater buoyancy allows for an increase in velocity. This is akin to letting off the emergency brake a bit. The reduced resistive force at the calving front is then propagated up-glacier via longitudinal extension because of the backforce reduction.If the enhanced meltwater effect is the key, then since meltwater is a seasonal input, velocity would have a seasonal signal and all glaciers would experience this effect. If the force imbalance effect is the key, then the velocity will propagate up-glacier, there will be no seasonal cycle, and the acceleration will be focused on calving glaciers. Warmer temperatures in the region have brought increased precipitation to Greenland, and part of the lost mass has been offset by increased snowfall. However, there are only a small number of weather stations on the island, and though satellite data can examine the entire island, it has only been available since the early 1990s, making the study of trends difficult. It has been observed that there is more precipitation where it is warmer, up to 1.5 meters per year on the southeast flank, and less precipitation or none on the 25–80 percent (depending on the time of year) of the island that is cooler. On the other hand, global warming is increasing growth of algae on the ice sheet. This darkens the ice causing it to absorb more sunlight and potentially increasing the rate of melting. Observations 2000s The IPCC Third Assessment Report was published in 2001, and it estimated the accumulation to 520 ± 26 Gigatonnes of ice per year, runoff and bottom melting to 297±32 Gt/yr and 32±3 Gt/yr, respectively, and iceberg production to 235±33 Gt/yr. On balance, the IPCC estimates −44 ± 53 Gt/yr, which means that the ice sheet may currently be melting. Data from 1996 to 2005 shows that the ice sheet is thinning even faster than supposed by IPCC. According to the study, in 1996 Greenland was losing about 96 km3 or 23.0 cu mi per year in volume from its ice sheet. In 2005, this had increased to about 220 km3 or 52.8 cu mi a year due to rapid thinning near its coasts, while in 2006 it was estimated at 239 km3 (57.3 cu mi) per year. It was estimated that in the year 2007 Greenland ice sheet melting was higher than ever, 592 km3 (142.0 cu mi). Also snowfall was unusually low, which led to unprecedented negative −65 km3 (−15.6 cu mi) Surface Mass Balance. If iceberg calving has happened as an average, Greenland lost 294 Gt of its mass during 2007 (one km3 of ice weighs about 0.9 Gt). By 2002, the area below the snow line was found to have increased by 16% since the beginning of detailed measurements in 1979. The area of melting in 2002 broke all previous records. The number of glacial earthquakes at the Helheim Glacier and the northwest Greenland glaciers increased substantially between 1993 and 2005. In 2006, estimated monthly changes in the mass of Greenland's ice sheet suggest that it is melting at a rate of about 239 cubic kilometers (57 cu mi) per year. A more recent study, based on reprocessed and improved data between 2003 and 2008, reports an average trend of 195 cubic kilometers (47 cu mi) per year. These measurements came from the US space agency's GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellite, launched in 2002, as reported by BBC. Using data from two ground-observing satellites, ICESAT and ASTER, a study published in Geophysical Research Letters (September 2008) shows that nearly 75 percent of the loss of Greenland's ice can be traced back to small coastal glaciers. Satellite measurements of Greenland's ice cover from 1979 to 2009 reveals a trend of increased melting. NASA's MODIS and QuikSCAT satellite data from 2007 were compared to confirm the precision of different melt observations. Notable calving events had also been recorded in 2000s. For instance, Helheim Glacier in East Greenland had a stable terminus from the 1970s–2000. In 2001–2005 the glacier retreated 7 km (4.3 mi) and accelerated from 20 to 33 m or 70 to 110 ft/day, while thinning up to 130 meters (430 ft) in the terminus region. Kangerdlugssuaq Glacier, East Greenland had a stable terminus history from 1960 to 2002. The glacier velocity was 13 m or 43 ft/day in the 1990s. In 2004–2005 it accelerated to 36 m or 120 ft/day and thinned by up to 100 m (300 ft) in the lower reach of the glacier. On Sermeq Kujalleq the acceleration began at the calving front and spread up-glacier 20 km (12 mi) in 1997 and up to 55 km (34 mi) inland by 2003. On Helheim the thinning and velocity propagated up-glacier from the calving front. In each case the major outlet glaciers accelerated by at least 50%, much larger than the impact noted due to summer meltwater increase. On each glacier the acceleration was not restricted to the summer, persisting through the winter when surface meltwater is absent.[citation needed] Between 2000 and 2001, Northern Greenland's Petermann glacier lost 85 square kilometres (33 sq mi) of floating ice, and a 28-square-kilometre (11 sq mi) piece of Petermann suddenly broke away in 2008. Sermeq Kujalleq broke up by 2005, losing 93 square kilometres (36 sq mi) in a dramatic event credited by some NASA scientists with raising worldwide awareness of glacial response to global climate change. In 2007, the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report noted that most mass balance estimates indicate accelerating mass loss from Greenland during the 1990s up to 2005. Assessment of the data and techniques suggests a mass balance for the Greenland Ice Sheet ranging between growth of 25 Gt/yr and loss of 60 Gt/yr for 1961 to 2003, loss of 50 to 100 Gt/yr for 1993 to 2003 and loss at even higher rates between 2003 and 2005. Since 2010 A sheet of ice measuring 260 square kilometres (100 sq mi) broke off from the Petermann Glacier in northern Greenland in August 2010. Researchers from the Canadian Ice Service located the calving from NASA satellite images taken on August 5. The images showed that Petermann lost about one-quarter of its 70 km-long (43 mile) floating ice shelf. Another large ice sheet twice the area of Manhattan, about 120 square kilometres (46 sq mi), broke away from that glacier in July 2012. In July 2012, melt zone extended to 97 percent of the ice sheet's cover. Ice cores show that events such as this occur approximately every 150 years on average. The last time a melt this large happened was in 1889. This particular melt may be part of cyclical behavior; however, Lora Koenig, a Goddard glaciologist suggested that "...if we continue to observe melting events like this in upcoming years, it will be worrisome." This was the first directly observed example of what came to be known as a "massive melting event": the ice core research most melting events before the 21st century were localized rather than widespread across the bulk of the Greenland ice sheet. At the end of 2012, the analysis of gravity data from GRACE satellites indicated that the Greenland ice sheet lost approximately 2900 Gt (0.1% of its total mass) between March 2002 and September 2012. The mean mass loss rate for 2008–2012 was 367 Gt/year.In 2015, Jakobshavn Glacier calved an iceberg about 4,600 feet (1,400 m) thick with an area of about 5 square miles (13 km2). A 2013 Nature study identified a contribution from the optically thin liquid-bearing clouds to the extent of ice melt during July 2012. In 2016, another paper suggested that clouds in general enhance Greenland ice sheet's meltwater runoff by more than 30% due to decreased meltwater refreezing in the firn layer at night. In 2018, it was also found that the observed Greenland surface melt was affected by a darkening albedo (and thus increased absorption of thermal radiation), as the regions covered in dust, soot, and living microbes and algae grew by 12% between 2000 and 2012. In 2019, another mass melting event (covering more than 300,000 square miles) occurred in both June and July, due to cloud cover and high temperatures. In August 2020, scientists reported that the Greenland ice sheet lost a record amount of 532 billion metric tons of ice during 2019, surpassing the old record of 464 billion metric tons in 2012 and returning to high melt rates, and provide explanations for the reduced ice loss in 2017 and 2018. A study published in 2020 estimated, by combining 26 individual estimates of mass balance derived by tracking changes in Greenland's ice sheet volume, speed and gravity as part of the Ice Sheet Mass Balance Inter-comparison Exercise, that the Greenland Ice Sheet had lost a total of 3,902 gigatons (Gt) of ice between 1992 and 2018 (approximately 0.13% of its mass). The rate of ice loss has increased over time from 26 ± 27 Gt/year between 1992 and 1997 to 244 ± 28 Gt/year between 2012 and 2017 with a peak mass loss rate of 275 ± 28 Gt/year during the period 2007 and 2012. In July 2021, a new surge of widespread melting began, covering 340,000 square miles of the ice sheet, and melting more than 8 billion tons of ice per day for several days. In August 2021, as high temperatures continued over Greenland, with the melt extent at 337,000 square miles, rain fell for 13 hours at Greenland's Summit Station (at 10,551 feet elevation.) Researchers had no rain gauges to measure the rainfall, because temperatures at the summit have risen above freezing only three times since 1989 and it had never rained there before. Future ice loss Due to the enormous thickness of the central Greenland ice sheet, even the most extensive melting event can only affect a small fraction of it before the start of the freezing season. In scientific literature, they are described as "short-term variability": a 2020 paper found that the current models underestimate the extent and frequency of such events, meaning that the ice sheet decline in Greenland and Antarctica tracks worst-case scenarios of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report's sea-level rise projections, However, even those worst-case scenarios only involve a minor portion of the ice sheet during the 21st century: in 2021, the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report estimated that under SSP5-8.5, the scenario associated with the highest global warming, Greenland ice sheet melt would add around 13 cm (5 in) to the global sea levels (with a likely (17%-83%) range of 9–18 cm (3+1⁄2–7 in) and a very likely range (5-95% confidence level) of 5–23 cm (2–9 in)), while the "moderate" SSP2-4.5 scenario adds 8 cm (3 in) with a likely and very likely range of 4–13 cm (1+1⁄2–5 in) and 1–18 cm (1⁄2–7 in), respectively. The scenario which largely fulfils the Paris Agreement goals, SSP1-2.6, adds around 6 cm (2+1⁄2 in) and no more than 15 cm (6 in), with a small chance of the ice sheet gaining mass and thus reducing the sea levels by around 2 cm (1 in). For comparison, Greenland Ice Sheet is estimated to have contributed about 0.68 mm per year between 2012 and 2017, which is already a significant acceleration from the 1990s, when it contributed 0.07 mm per year between 1992 and 1997. This net contribution for the 2012–2016 period was also equivalent to 37% of sea level rise from land ice sources (excluding thermal expansion). Moreover, this contribution is disproportionately shaped by the most remote and vulnerable parts of the ice sheet such as its largest outlet glaciers, Jakobshavn Isbræ and Kangerlussuaq Glacier. Northeast Greenland Ice Stream is another relatively small area with a disproportionate impact on sea level rise: it was estimated in 2022 to contribute 1.3-1.5cm by 2100 all on its own under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, respectively. However, while the ice sheet's massive size makes it insensitive to temperature changes in the short run, it also commits it to enormous changes down the line. The most vulnerable parts of the ice sheet which currently have a disproportionate contribution to its melt are already known to be beyond "a point of no return", with some estimates suggesting that they passed it around 1997, and will be committed to disappearance even if the temperature stops rising. A 2022 paper found that the 2000–2019 climate would already result in the loss of ~3.3% volume of the entire ice sheet in the future, committing it to an eventual 27 cm (10+1⁄2 in) of SLR, independent of any future temperature change. They have additionally estimated that if the then-record melting seen on the ice sheet in 2012 were to become its new normal, then the ice sheet would be committed to around 78 cm (30+1⁄2 in) SLR. Many scientists who study the ice losses in Greenland consider that an increase in temperature of two or three degrees Celsius would result in a complete melting of Greenland's ice.If the entire 2,850,000 km3 (684,000 cu mi) of ice were to melt, global sea levels would rise 7.2 m (24 ft). Recently, fears have grown that continued climate change will make the Greenland Ice Sheet cross a threshold where long-term melting of the ice sheet is inevitable. Climate models project that local warming in Greenland will be 3 °C (5 °F) to 9 °C (16 °F) during this century. Ice sheet models project that such a warming would initiate the long-term melting of the ice sheet, leading to a complete melting of the ice sheet (over centuries), resulting in a global sea level rise of about 7 metres (23 ft). Such a rise would inundate almost every major coastal city in the world. How fast the melt would eventually occur is a matter of discussion. According to the IPCC 2001 report, such warming would, if kept from rising further after the 21st Century, result in 1 to 5 meter sea level rise over the next millennium due to Greenland ice sheet melting. Some scientists have cautioned that these rates of melting are overly optimistic as they assume a linear, rather than erratic, progression. James E. Hansen has argued that multiple positive feedbacks could lead to nonlinear ice sheet disintegration much faster than claimed by the IPCC. According to a 2007 paper, "we find no evidence of millennial lags between forcing and ice sheet response in paleoclimate data. An ice sheet response time of centuries seems probable, and we cannot rule out large changes on decadal time-scales once wide-scale surface melt is underway." In a 2013 study published in Nature, 133 researchers analyzed a Greenland ice core from the Eemian interglacial. They concluded that during this geological period, roughly 130,000–115,000 years ago, the GIS (Greenland Ice Sheet) was 8 °C (14 °F) warmer than today. This resulted in a thickness decrease of the northwest Greenland ice sheet by 400 ± 250 metres, reaching surface elevations 122,000 years ago of 130 ± 300 metres lower than at present. A 2021 analysis of sub-glacial sediment at the bottom of a 1.4 km Greenland ice core finds that the Greenland ice sheet melted away at least once during the last million years, indicating that its tipping point is below the 2.5 °C (4.5 °F) maximum warming relative to the preindustrial conditions over that period. A 2022 assessment of tipping points in the climate system estimated that the Greenland ice sheet would most likely be committed to long-term disintegration around 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) of global warming: in the best case, its disintegration would not be set in motion until 3 °C (5.4 °F), but in the worst case, it could already be inevitable unless the global warming is reduced below 0.8 °C (1.4 °F). At the same time, it noted that the fastest plausible timeline for a disintegration is 1000 years after the tipping threshold is crossed, while it is far more likely to take place over 10,000 years; the longest possible estimate is 15,000 years. It had also estimated that due to the ice-albedo feedback, a total loss of the ice sheet would increase the global temperatures by 0.13 °C (0.23 °F), while the local temperatures would increase by between 0.5 °C (0.90 °F) and 3 °C (5.4 °F). Meltwater run-off Meltwater around Greenland may transport nutrients and organic carbon to the ocean. Measurements of the amount of iron in meltwater from the Greenland ice sheet show that extensive melting of the ice sheet might add an amount of this micronutrient to the Atlantic Ocean equivalent to that added by airborne dust. However much of the particles and iron derived from glaciers around Greenland may be trapped within the extensive fjords that surround the island and, unlike the HNLC Southern ocean where iron is an extensive limiting micronutrient, biological production in the North Atlantic is subject only to very spatially and temporally limited periods of iron limitation. Nonetheless, high productivity is observed in the immediate vicinity of major marine terminating glaciers around Greenland and this is attributed to meltwater inputs driving the upwelling of seawater rich in macronutrients. The United States built a secret nuclear powered base, called Camp Century, in the Greenland ice sheet. In 2016, a group of scientists evaluated the environmental impact and estimated that due to changing weather patterns over the next few decades, melt water could release the nuclear waste, 20,000 liters of chemical waste and 24 million liters of untreated sewage into the environment. However, so far neither US or Denmark has taken responsibility for the clean-up. A study published in 2016, by researchers from the University of South Florida, Canada and the Netherlands, used GRACE satellite data to estimate freshwater flux from Greenland. They concluded that freshwater runoff is accelerating, and could eventually cause a disruption of AMOC in the future, which would affect Europe and North America. A 2018 international study found that the fertilizing effect of meltwater around Greenland is highly sensitive to the glacier grounding line depth it is released at. Retreat of Greenland's large marine-terminating glaciers inland will diminish the fertilizing effect of meltwater- even with further large increases in freshwater discharge volume. A 2015 study by climate scientists Michael Mann of Penn State and Stefan Rahmstorf from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research suggests that the observed cold blob in the North Atlantic during years of temperature records is a sign that the Atlantic Ocean's Meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) may be weakening. They published their findings, and concluded that the AMOC circulation shows exceptional slowdown in the last century, and that Greenland melt is a possible contributor.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sme%C4%8Dno"}

Town in Central Bohemian, Czech Republic Smečno (until 1882 Muncifaj) (Czech pronunciation: [ˈsmɛtʃno]) is a town in Kladno District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,900 inhabitants. The town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone. Geography Pchery is located about 6 kilometres (4 mi) northwest of Kladno. The eastern part of the municipal territory with the built-up area lies in the Prague Plateau, the western part lies in the geomorphological region of Džbán. History The first written mention of a keep in Smečno is from 1252. In 1510, Smečno became a market town and in 1515 it became a town. Sights Smečno Military Open-Air Museum shows fortifications built in 1935–1938. It is fully equipped and armed fortress, one of the few preserved objects of the External Defense of Prague (so-called Prague Line). The keep in Smečno was rebuilt into a late Gothic castle in 1460, and in the 16th century, it was rebuilt into a Renaissance arcaded castle with a Gothic tower. Nowadays the Smečno Castle serves as a retirement home and the Institute of Social Care. Its park is open to the public. Notable people

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aa_riobambae"}

Species of orchid Aa riobambae is a species of orchid in the genus Aa. It is native to Ecuador, where it grows at altitudes of 3,300 to 3,800 meters.

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Public school Raytown Senior High School is a high school located in Raytown, Missouri. The school was established in 1914. The enrollment of Raytown High School currently stands at 1503 students. The school, located in downtown Raytown, underwent two years of renovations from 1992–1994. The most recent renovations were completed just before the 2008–2009 term, and included the addition of 2 science classrooms. The school currently has Missouri A+ designation, and is MSIP Accredited. Notable alumni

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_de_Arte_Espa%C3%B1ol_Enrique_Larreta"}

The Museo de Arte Español Enrique Larreta is a museum of Spanish art located in the Belgrano ward of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Overview The museum resulted from the purchase by the city of the Buenos Aires home of Enrique Larreta, perhaps the most prominent Argentine exponent of Hispanic modernism in literature, and Ambassador to France from 1910 to 1919. Larreta made numerous visits to Ávila, Spain, during his tenure, and he amassed a large collection of medieval art, armor, tapestries, Spanish Renaissance art, Spanish baroque art and decor, manuscripts, wood carvings, and French furniture, among other collections. Larreta died in 1961, and his family sold his home and its collections to the City of Buenos Aires for its conversion into the Museum of Spanish Art. The museum was inaugurated in 1962, and named in his honor. Its collections were enriched further by the 1977 transfer of portions of the Isaac Fernández Blanco Museum of Hispanic Art. The former Larreta home, designed by Argentine architect Ernesto Bunge, for Francisco Chas Belgrano and his wife Catalina de los Remedios Salas and inaugurated in 1886, is a work of neo-Spanish colonial architecture, and features an Andalusian patio measuring 6,500 m² (70,000 ft²) and connected to the house via an extensive portico. The property was purchased by Larreta's mother-in-law, Mercedes Castellanos de Anchorena, and given to the newlywed couple in 1903. Much as Martín Noël did with the property that later became the Isaac Fernández Blanco Museum, Larreta had the home expanded and refurbished along neo-colonial lines (restauración nacionalista, as the designs were known). Historical, as well as religious, designs were used, and the ornamented portal, for instance, was a copy of the entry to the Casa Basavilbaso (a former customs house which had earlier been demolished). Completed in 1916, these works were designed by Christian Schindler. The extensive gardens feature ginkgo biloba, ombú, wisteria, cypress, palm, bitter orange, and silk floss trees, as well as buxus hedges totaling around 700 m (2,300 ft). The museum also includes the Alfonso El Sabio Library, specializing in Spanish literature, and La Casita de Arriba, a children's learning annex. Gallery

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenia_eperforata"}

Species of flowering plant Eugenia eperforata is a species of plant in the family Myrtaceae. It is endemic to Jamaica.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budne,_Masovian_Voivodeship"}

Village in Masovian Voivodeship, Poland Budne [ˈbudnɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Troszyn, within Ostrołęka County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-east of Troszyn, 17 km (11 mi) east of Ostrołęka, and 111 km (69 mi) north-east of Warsaw.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crazy_Love_(1993_film)"}

1993 Hong Kong film Crazy Love (蜜桃成熟時) is a 1993 Hong Kong film directed by Roman Cheung. Plot A young rich free girl Jane, visit Hongkong instead of UK for her summer vacation after find her cheating boyfriend. After several incidents she finds Kwan, next door in hotel and motivated for true happy love. In morning beach walk Jane met David, young struggling scriptwriter. Eventually fall love with him without realising it. Continues her quest of love. Cast

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Remains_of_the_Day_(film)"}

1993 drama film directed by James Ivory The Remains of the Day is a 1993 drama film adapted from the Booker Prize-winning 1988 novel of the same name by Kazuo Ishiguro. The film was directed by James Ivory, produced by Ismail Merchant, Mike Nichols, and John Calley and adapted by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala. It stars Anthony Hopkins as James Stevens and Emma Thompson as Miss Kenton, with James Fox, Christopher Reeve, Hugh Grant, Ben Chaplin, and Lena Headey in supporting roles. The film was a critical and box office success and it was nominated for eight Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Actor (Hopkins), Best Actress (Thompson) and Best Adapted Screenplay (Jhabvala). In 1999, the British Film Institute ranked The Remains of the Day the 64th-greatest British film of the 20th century. Plot In 1958 postwar Britain, Stevens, the butler of Darlington Hall, receives a letter from the former housekeeper, Miss Kenton. Their past employer, the Earl of Darlington, has died a broken man, his reputation destroyed by his prewar support of Germany, and his stately country house has been sold to retired US Congressman Jack Lewis. Allowed to borrow the Daimler, Stevens sets off for the West Country to see Miss Kenton for the first time in decades. A flashback to the 1930s shows Kenton's arrival at Darlington Hall, where the ever-efficient but deeply repressed Stevens derives his entire identity from his profession. He butts heads with the warmer, strong-willed Kenton, particularly when Stevens refuses to acknowledge that his aging father, now an under-butler, is no longer able to perform his duties. Displaying total professionalism, Stevens carries on as his father lies dying during Darlington's conference of like-minded, fascist-sympathising British and European aristocrats. Also in attendance is Congressman Lewis, who admonishes the "gentleman politicians" as meddling amateurs, advising that "Europe has become the arena of Realpolitik" and warning of impending disaster. Later, Stevens is unable to answer an aristocratic guest's questions on global trade and politics, which the man claims to demonstrate the lower classes' ignorance and inability to govern themselves. Exposed to Nazi racial laws, Darlington has Stevens dismiss two newly appointed, refugee German-Jewish maids, despite his protest. Kenton threatens to resign, but has nowhere to go, while a regretful Darlington is later unable to rehire the maids. Relations thaw between Stevens and Kenton, and she clearly shows her feelings for him, but the outwardly detached Stevens remains dedicated solely to his role as butler. She catches him reading a romance novel, which he explains is to improve his vocabulary, asking her not to invade his privacy again. Lord Darlington's godson, journalist Reginald Cardinal, arrives on the day of a secret meeting at Darlington Hall between British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain and German ambassador Joachim von Ribbentrop. Appalled by his godfather's role in seeking appeasement for Nazi Germany, Cardinal tells Stevens that Darlington is being used by the Nazis, but Stevens feels it is not his place to judge his employer. Kenton forms a relationship with former co-worker Tom Benn, and accepts his proposal. She informs Stevens as an ultimatum, but he will not admit his feelings and only offers his congratulations. Finding her crying, his only response is to call her attention to a neglected domestic task, and she leaves Darlington Hall before the start of the Second World War. En route to meeting Kenton in 1958, Stevens is mistaken for gentry at a pub. Doctor Carlisle, a local GP, helps him refuel the Daimler and deduces that he is actually a manservant, asking his thoughts about Lord Darlington's actions. Denying having even met him, Stevens later admits to having served and respected him, but that Darlington confessed that his Nazi sympathies were misguided and naive. Stevens declares that although Lord Darlington was unable to correct his terrible error, he is attempting to correct his own. He meets Kenton, who has separated from her husband and runs a coastal boarding house. They reminisce that Lord Darlington died from a broken heart after suing a newspaper for libel, losing the suit and his reputation, and Stevens mentions that Cardinal was killed in the war. Kenton, now Mrs. Benn, declines to resume her position at Darlington Hall, wishing to remain near her pregnant grown daughter and, despite years of unhappiness, she may go back to her husband. Stevens suggests they may never meet again and they part fondly, but are both quietly upset, Miss Kenton visibly tearful as her bus pulls away. Stevens returns to Darlington Hall, where Lewis asks if he remembers the old days, and Stevens replies that he was too busy serving. They free a pigeon from the house and it flies away, leaving Stevens and Darlington Hall far behind. Cast Production A film adaptation of the novel was originally planned to be directed by Mike Nichols from a script by Harold Pinter. Some of Pinter's script was used in the film, but, while Pinter was paid for his work, he asked to have his name removed from the credits, in keeping with his contract. Christopher C. Hudgins observes: "During our 1994 interview, Pinter told [Steven H.] Gale and me that he had learned his lesson after the revisions imposed on his script for The Handmaid's Tale, which he has decided not to publish. When his script for The Remains of the Day was radically revised by the James Ivory–Ismail Merchant partnership, he refused to allow his name to be listed in the credits" (125). Though no longer the director, Nichols remained associated with the project as one of its producers. The music was recorded at Windmill Lane Studios in Dublin. Settings A number of English country estates were used as locations for the film, partly owing to the persuasive power of Ismail Merchant, who was able to cajole permission for the production to borrow houses not normally open to the public. Among them were Dyrham Park for the exterior of the house and the driveway, Powderham Castle (staircase, hall, music room, bedroom; used for the aqua-turquoise stairway scenes), Corsham Court (library and dining room) and Badminton House (servants' quarters, conservatory, entrance hall). Luciana Arrighi, the production designer, scouted most of these locations. Scenes were also shot in Weston-super-Mare, which stood in for Clevedon. The pub where Mr Stevens stays is the Hop Pole in Limpley Stoke; the shop featured is also in Limpley Stoke. The pub where Miss Kenton and Mr Benn meet is The George Inn in Norton St Philip. Characters The character of Sir Geoffrey Wren is based loosely on that of Sir Oswald Mosley, a British fascist active in the 1930s. Wren is depicted as a strict vegetarian, like Hitler. The 3rd Viscount Halifax (later created the 1st Earl of Halifax) also appears in the film. Lord Darlington tells Stevens that Halifax approved of the polish on the silver, and Lord Halifax himself later appears when Darlington meets secretly with the German Ambassador and his aides at night. Halifax was a chief architect of the British policy of appeasement from 1937 to 1939. The character of Congressman Jack Lewis in the film is a composite of two separate American characters in Kazuo Ishiguro's novel: Senator Lewis (who attends the pre-WW2 conference in Darlington Hall), and Mr Farraday, who succeeds Lord Darlington as master of Darlington Hall. Soundtrack The original score was composed by Richard Robbins. It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Score, but lost to Schindler's List. Track listing Critical reception The film has a 95% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 42 reviews, with an average rating of 8.46/10. The consensus states: "Smart, elegant, and blessed with impeccable performances from Anthony Hopkins and Emma Thompson, The Remains of the Day is a Merchant–Ivory classic." At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average out of 100 to critics' reviews, it received a score of 86 based on 12 reviews. Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A-" on an A+ to F scale. Roger Ebert particularly praised the film, calling it "a subtle, thoughtful movie." In his favorable review for The Washington Post, Desson Howe wrote, "Put Anthony Hopkins, Emma Thompson and James Fox together and you can expect sterling performances." Vincent Canby of The New York Times said, in another favorable review, "Here's a film for adults. It's also about time to recognize that Mr. Ivory is one of our finest directors, something that critics tend to overlook because most of his films have been literary adaptations." The film was named as one of the best films of 1993 by over 50 critics, making it the fifth-most-acclaimed film of 1993. Awards and nominations Bibliography

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Esch"}

Neighborhood of Rotterdam in South Holland, Netherlands De Esch is a neighborhood of Rotterdam, Netherlands. Coordinates: 51°54′22″N 4°31′50″E / 51.90611°N 4.53056°E / 51.90611; 4.53056

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masticophis_schotti"}

Species of snake Masticophis schotti, commonly known as Schott's whip snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. Geographic range The species is found in United States in Texas and in western Mexico. It lives up to an altitude of 2300 meters. Subspecies Etymology Its species name was given to it in honor of Arthur Schott. The subspecies Masticophis schotti ruthveni is named in honor of Alexander Grant Ruthven. Original publications

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Trains_Sydney"}

Metro Trains Sydney Pty Ltd (MTS) is the operator of the Sydney Metro. It is a joint venture between Hong Kong-based MTR Corporation, John Holland Group and UGL Rail formed in September 2014. It operates the network with a fleet of 22 Alstom Metropolis trains under a 15-year contract. The three constituent companies are also partners in the Metro Trains Melbourne joint venture, which has operated the Melbourne suburban network since 2009. History In June 2014, Northwest Rapid Transit (NRT), a consortium of Hong Kong-based MTR Corporation, John Holland, CPB Contractors, UGL Rail and Plenary Group, was selected by Transport for NSW to build stations, procure trains and operate services on the Sydney Metro Northwest in a $3.7 billion public–private partnership. The contract was formally awarded by the New South Wales Government in September 2014. During the construction, John Holland and CPB Contractors built new stations at Tallawong, Rouse Hill, Kellyville, Bella Vista, Norwest, Hills Showground, Castle Hill and Cherrybrook. As part of the consortium, MTR Corporation, John Holland and UGL Rail formed the Metro Trains Sydney joint venture in September 2014 to operate metro services when the line opened. The line opened on 26 May 2019, with MTS operating Metro North West Line services on the line.

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Vasile Tarnavschi (December 16, 1859 – February 4, 1945) was an Imperial Austrian-born Romanian theologian. Born in Mihoveni, in Austrian-ruled Bukovina, he attended high school in Suceava from 1870 to 1878, followed by the theology faculty of Czernowitz University from 1878 to 1882. After earning his doctorate there in 1886, he undertook specialized studies in the Old Testament and Semitic languages at Vienna, Breslau and Berlin from 1898 to 1900. He served as a priest in Stroiești from 1887 to 1889, as a priest and religion teacher in Suceava from 1889 to 1896 and as a priest in Czernowitz (Cernăuți) from 1896 to 1898. After the death of Isidor Onciul in 1897 and resulting vacancy of the Old Testament and Hebrew language professorate in the Czernowitz theology faculty, Tarnavschi was hired as a teaching assistant for those subjects in 1900. In 1903, he was promoted to substitute professor, and was full professor from 1906 to 1932. For a time, he was a substitute in the practical theology department, and taught non-mandatory courses on Aramaic, Syriac and Arabic. He served five terms as faculty dean and, from 1918 to 1920, was the first rector of the university after Bukovina passed under Romanian administration. He directed and edited Candela magazine from 1923 to 1932 and, from 1923 to 1924, was president of the Bukovina clergy association. His teaching and particularly his published work places him at the forefront of Romanian Orthodox Old Testament theologians. His research into exegesis and theology culminated in two books: Întroducere în sfintele cărți ale Testamentului Vechi (1928) and Arheologie biblică (1930); the latter remained in use as a general reference for decades. Tarnavschi died in Bucharest.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eupithecia_dissors"}

Species of moth Eupithecia dissors is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Costa Rica.

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Elmsäter is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

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Van Rysselberghe is a Dutch surname. Notable people with the surname include:

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pac%C3%ADfico_F.C."}

Colombian football club Football club Pacífico F.C. was a Colombian football (soccer) team, based in Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. The club was founded in 2010 and played in Categoría Primera B. The club was formerly known as Girardot F.C. based in Girardot, which then moved to Palmira becoming Deportes Palmira but due to financial difficulties, the club relocated to Buenaventura and was rebranded as Pacífico F.C. The club only lasted less than two years after it was moved again and became Sucre F.C.

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Tao Zongwang is a fictional character in Water Margin, one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature. Nicknamed "Nine Tailed Turtle", he ranks 75th among the 108 Stars of Destiny and 39th among the 72 Earthly Fiends. Background Born into a peasant family in Guangzhou (光州; around present-day Huangchuan County, Henan), Tao Zongwang is physically well-built. He could fight well using spear or sword. When he first appears in the book, he is the fourth-ranking chief in the bandit group at Mount Yellow Gate (黃門山) led by Ou Peng, Jiang Jing and Ma Lin. Joining Liangshan When Song Jiang is following the outlaws of Liangshan Marsh back to their stronghold after they rescued him at Jiangzhou (江州; present-day Jiujiang, Jiangxi), he comes by Mount Yellow Gate with the group. They are blocked by the four bandit chiefs, who demand to know whether Song is among them. When he steps out to show himself, the four come forward to pay him homage. Their request to join Liangshan is welcomed by Song. Campaigns and death Tao Zongwang is placed in charge of construction of forts and digging of ditches at Liangshan after the 108 Stars of Destiny came together in what is called the Grand Assembly. He participates in the campaigns against the Liao invaders and rebel forces in Song territory following amnesty from Emperor Huizong for Liangshan. Tao Zongwang is killed in the battle of Runzhou (潤州; present-day Runzhou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu) in the campaign against Fang La.

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Vivendi is a multinational French-based media conglomerate, formerly Compagnie Générale des Eaux. Vivendi may also refer to:

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The American Dawes Commission, named for its first chairman Henry L. Dawes, was authorized under a rider to an Indian Office appropriation bill, March 3, 1893. Its purpose was to convince the Five Civilized Tribes to agree to cede tribal title of Indian lands, and adopt the policy of dividing tribal lands into individual allotments that was enacted for other tribes as the Dawes Act of 1887. In November 1893, President Grover Cleveland appointed Dawes as chairman, and Meridith H. Kidd and Archibald S. McKennon as members. During this process, the Indian nations were stripped of their communally held national lands, which was divided into single lots and allotted to individual members of the nation. The Dawes Commission required that individuals claim membership in only one tribe, although many people had more than one line of ancestry. Registration in the national registry known as the Dawes Rolls has come to be critical in issues of Indian citizenship and land claims.[citation needed] Although many Indian tribes did not consider strict 'blood' descent the only way to determine if a person was a member of a tribe, the Dawes Commission did. Many Freedmen (slaves of Indians who were freed after the Civil War), were kept off the rolls as members of tribes, although they were emancipated after the war and, according to peace treaties with the United States, to be given full membership in the appropriate tribes in which they were held. Even if freedmen were of mixed-race ancestry, as many were, the Dawes Commission enrolled them in separate Freedmen Rolls, rather than letting them self-identify as to membership. The same was true for members of the historical African descendant communities which developed alongside different Indian settlements in Florida (a Spanish colony for most of the colonial period until 1821 and a popular destination for both escaped slaves and indigenous Southeastern Woodlands refugees) prior to deportation, such as the Black Seminoles, who then accompanied them to Indian Territory. Under Article 14 of the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek (1831), members of the Mississippi Choctaw had the option of not being relocated to Indian Territory. They were required to register and remain on allocated land in Mississippi or Alabama. The registration process was handled poorly and when blood descendants later emigrated to Indian Territory they had to appeal to the Dawes Commission for recognition as tribal members. The Commission denied power to amend the membership roles. Many Creek Freedmen are still fighting the membership battle today against the Creek Nation, as they attempt to share in contemporary benefits of citizenship. The tribe has defined as members only those who are descended from a Creek Indian listed on the Dawes Rolls. [citation needed] A similar controversy has embroiled Cherokee Freedmen and the Cherokee Nation. The Cherokee Nation voted in a referendum (from which the Freedmen were excluded) to exclude all Freedmen except those who could prove descent from a Cherokee on the Dawes Roll. The result of the Dawes Commission was that the five Indian nations lost most of their national land bases, as the government declared as "surplus" any remaining after the allotment to individual households. The US sold the surplus land, formerly Indian territory, to European-American settlers. In addition, over the next decades, settlers bought land from individual Indian households, thus reducing overall land held by tribal members. The Indians received money from the overall sale of lands, but lost most of their former territory. As tribes began to re-establish self-government after 1934, and especially since the 1970s, they have tried to end the sales of tribal lands. Angie Debo's landmark work, And Still the Waters Run: The Betrayal of the Five Civilized Tribes (1940), detailed how the allotment policy of the Dawes Commission and the Curtis Act of 1898 was systematically manipulated to deprive the Native Americans of their lands and resources. In the words of historian Ellen Fitzpatrick, Debo's book "advanced a crushing analysis of the corruption, moral depravity, and criminal activity that underlay white administration and execution of the allotment policy."

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seafox_(video_game)"}

1982 video game 1982 video game Seafox is a shoot 'em up written by Ed Hobbs and published by Broderbund in 1982 for the Apple II and as a cartridge for the Atari 8-bit family. A VIC-20 port, also on cartridge, was released in 1983. Gameplay Seafox is a game in which the player uses a submarine to destroy enemy ships. The submarine is fully maneuverable beneath the surface by joystick control. Torpedoes can be fired upward at ships on the surface, or at enemy submarines. Red Cross hospital ships must be avoided. The player's submarine has a limited fuel and torpedoes supply, so both must be frequently replenished. This is achieved with the help of a supply sub and a friendly dolphin. The player must intercept the package before giant clams steal it or enemy submarines destroy it. If the player shoots the dolphin, an indestructible orange shark appears and destroys the player's sub. Only three submarines are allowed each game, with each one starting out with a full load of fuel and torpedoes. Reception In a review for Electronic Games, Steve Davidson ended with: "Sea Fox [sic] will never be confused with a realistic military simulation, but it offers oceans of fun for target game fans". Luther Shaw reviewed the game for Computer Gaming World writing that "the graphics are nice but there are better games in the Broderbund line". A January 1983 Creative Computing review concluded: On the lower levels, I found Seafox considerably easier to play and much less frustrating than several of the other submarine games on the market. Although the hazards increase on the upper levels, I generally had a nice sense of accomplishment as I progressed through the game. My applause goes to Ed Hobbs for creating a game which can be enjoyed by clods and experts alike.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Workington"}

Workington was historically a part of Cumberland now Cumbria, an historic county in North West England; the area around Workington has long been a producer of coal, steel and high-grade iron ore. Roman times (AD 79–410) Between 79 and 122, Roman forts, mile-forts and watchtowers were established down the Cumbrian coast. They acted as coastal defences against attacks by the Scoti in Ireland and by the Caledonii, the most powerful tribe in what we now call Scotland. The 16th century book, Britannia, written by William Camden describes ruins of the coastal defences at Workington. The fort, now known as Burrows Walls, was established on the north bank of the mouth of the River Derwent, near present-day Siddick Pond and Northside. Another fort or watchtower would have been on How Michael to the south side of the river, near present-day Chapel Bank. In 122, the Romans begin building Hadrian's Wall from Bowness on the Solway Firth to Wallsend on the North Sea. The discovery of a Roman fort around the parish church in Moresby to the south, and fortifications to the north at Risehow (Flimby), Maryport and Crosscannonby support the argument that the coastal wall extended down the whole Solway coast and formed a key part of the empire's defences. For many years Burrow Walls was believed to be the fort Gabrosentum or Gabrocentio, found in The Notitia Dignitatum for Britain, which lists several military commands (the Dux Britanniarum, the Count of the Saxon Shore (Comes Litoris Saxonici per Britannias) and the Comes Britanniarum). The word Gabrocentum has its origins in the Welsh or Ancient British gafr meaning "he goat" and the word hynt (set in Old Irish) meaning "path". Today, many scholars believe it is more likely to be the fort known as Magis. Middle Ages Anglo-Saxon The name Workington, is believed to be derived from three Anglo-Saxon words; Weorc (most probably a man's name), the suffix -ingas (the sons or people of ...) and tūn (settlement/estate/enclosure). The settlers were a group of people whose leader called himself Weorc. Over 1000 years ago, the original inhabitants of the land would have called themselves Weorcingas (Weorc's people) and the settlement Weorcinga tun (estate of the Weorcingas). Over a period of almost 1000 years, the town's name has been written in at least 105 ways: In 1533, John Leland) believed the town derived its name from the River Wyre. But the River Wyre has its origins at Ellerbeck, Hunday and Distington and actually enters the Solway at Harrington. In 1688, William Camden quotes Leland, writing that the Wyre "…falls into the Derwent at Clifton…". It is believed that there was a religious community of monks, with links to Lindisfarne, living and working where St Michael's Church stands today. At that time, higher sea levels would mean the community may have lived on an island south of the river's mouth. The Lindisfarne monks attempted to cross the Solway Firth to Ireland in a boat, but a strong storm blew up and the Lindisfarne Gospels were lost overboard. The monks were forced back to shore. Tradition says that the Gospels, which were probably inside a wooden box, were discovered water-stained but safe in the sea near Candida Casa on the Isle of Whithorn.[citation needed] The Vikings A Viking sword was discovered at Northside, which is belied to indicate that there was a settlement on the river mouth. The sword is thought to be part of a burial, in an area which has subsequently been shown to be rich in evidence of Viking period activity. The Curwens The Curwens, who were Lords of the Manor of Workington, were heavily involved in the First War of Scottish Independence. The Curwen family motto, "Si je n'estoy" ("If I had not been there"), is said to come from the words of Sir Gilbert (ii) de Curwen, whose late arrival with fresh troops recruited from his estates turned the course of the Battle of Falkirk (1298), giving King Edward victory. It has been suggested that Gilbert waited until he knew who looked like winning before joining battle, because he had family supporting both sides in the conflict. It was at this battle that William Wallace was defeated and subsequently executed. In 1306 Robert the Bruce was crowned King Robert I of Scotland. In 1307, The Calendar of Patent Rolls of King Edward I of England records his preparing for war against Robert the Bruce. He requests lords of the manor to provide ships, barges and 'find them in men and necessaries' to continue the war. It read: ...to get ready empty ships and barges at Skymburneys, Whitothavene and Wyrkinton, and elsewhere by the shore in that county, and find them in men and necessaries to go to the parts of Are to repress the malice of Robert de Brus and his accomplices. Writ de intendendo in pursuance to the men of that county...Appointment of John du Luda, as captain and governor of the fleet from the port of Skynburnesse, Whitothavene and Wyrkinton... The Curwens were again expected to provide support and troops to fight in the Second War of Scottish Independence. Sir Gilbert (iii) de Curwen (c. 1296 – 1370), received his knighthood on the battlefield at Crecy in 1346. He and his men fought alongside King Edward III of England as he attempted to seize the French throne after the death of Charles IV. In 1379, Sir Gilbert (iv) de Curwen (died c. 1403) received a licence to fortify and crenellate the pele tower built by his father in Workington in 1362. Sir Gilbert is believed to have died in 1403 during the great pestilence (plague), which also killed his first son, Sir William (i), who inherited his title. The Black Death is estimated to have killed 30% to 60% of Europe's population, reducing the world's population from an estimated 450 million to between 350 and 375 million by 1400. This has been seen the cause of a series of religious, social and economic upheavals which profoundly affected the course of European history. Curwen tradition believes that at least one member of the family fought with Henry V at the Battle of Agincourt in 1415. The roll mentions a John Werkyngton. This very unusual spelling matches with '...the manor of Werkyngton, co. Cumberland...' written in King Henry's Patent Rolls in 1405. John may have been a younger Curwen son, a cousin or a man of standing from the community. The names of the thousands of archers and ordinary private soldiers are not on the roll. In 1428, Henry VI of England, granted Sir Christopher (ii) de Curwen (1382–1453), the Castle and land of Cany and Canyell in Normandy, France as a reward for "good service". In 1429, he returned to northern England to fight an invasion by the Scots. In 1442, he oversaw the truce between Henry VI of England and King James II of Scotland. The lands in Normandy were lost to the French in 1450. Sir Christopher and his wife, Elizabeth Huddleston, are buried inside St Michael's Church, under a heavily carved tombstone bearing their effigies. Sir Thomas (iv) Curwen (c. 1494 – 1543) married Agnes, daughter of Sir Walter Strickland and great-granddaughter of Anne Parr. The royal blood of the Plantagenets came to the Curwen house.. according to the book Papers and Pedigrees by William Jackson (1892). The Curwens appear to have provided material and physical support to both sides during the Wars of the Roses. Sir Thomas (ii) Curwen (c. 1420-c. 1473) was commissioned by King Henry VI to mobilise his forces to resist the rebellion of Richard, Duke of York at the beginning of the Wars. During the Wars the throne changed hands between the two houses and most able-bodied men, especially in the north of England, would have been forced into the conflict. King Edward IV of England of the House of York, later granted honours to the Curwen family, in acknowledgement of "great and gratuitous service". The war ended with the victory of the Lancastrians who founded the House of Tudor, which subsequently reigned over England and Wales for 118 years. Early modern era Scottish pirates kill the crew of a Workington-bound ship In 1566, Queen Elizabeth was encouraging mining of metal ores in the area around Keswick. It appears that the Samuel, a new ship built in Bristol, was employed to supply materials to and bring ore from the mines. Workington was growing, and a stretch of the shore was purchased to unload timber brought from Ireland to help smelt ore. England was extremely short of metals and weapons technology, and the ore was primarily to be used for cannon and other weaponry. ...the (ship) Samuel of Bristol...whereof one Edward Stone was master and partie owner, and put the same to the sea, fraighted with their goodes and merchandizes the 20th September last past to traffique with the same to a place called Wurkington in the North parties of our realm, near unto our citie of Carlisle, the said ship being in her way towardes the said place was dryven by force of weather and tempest to the coast of Scotland to a place called the Keyles', and there ryding at an ancre was boorded by certaine Scottishmen, who fayning themselfes to be merchants and cum onely to see what merchandizes was in the ship, most cruelly did murdre the said Master with all his companie except two that kept themselfes in secret places of their ship until the furye of thies murderers was asswaged, and so toke both ship and goods as their owne... Mary, Queen of Scots, escapes to Workington (1568) In 1568, Mary wrote a letter from Workington Hall to Queen Elizabeth I of England. After the defeat of her forces at the Battle of Langside and disguised as an ordinary woman, Mary, Queen of Scots, crossed the Solway Firth and landed at Workington. She spent her first night in England as an honoured guest at Workington Hall. On 18 May 1568, Mary was escorted to Carlisle Castle after spending a day at Cockermouth. She was 25 years old. William Camden's Britannia (1586) This extract from Philemon Holland's English translation of Britannia (1610) describes Wirkinton: ...Derwent, having gathered his waters into one streame, entreth into the Ocean at Wirkinton, a place famous for taking of Salmons, and now the seat of the ancient family of the Curwens Knights, who fetch their descent from Gospatric Earle of Northumberland, and their surname they tooke by covenant and composition from Culwen a family in Galloway, the heire whereof they had married; and heere have they a stately house built Castlelike, and from whom (without offence or vanity be it spoken) my selfe am descended by the mothers side. Since the 18th century John Christian Curwen (1756–1828) "The greatest strides in Curwen initiative occurred during the lordship of John Christian Curwen".[citation needed] Workington changed radically both economically and socially, during the period when John Christian was lord of the manor (1783–1828). A Curwen through his mother's side, it was said [who?] of him "he is the man who stands out...who must rank as one of the most interesting and progressive of Cumbrians of his day". He was Member of Parliament for Carlisle from 1796 to 1812 and from 1816 to 1820, following this with a period as member for Cumberland from 1820 to 1828. He made a national mark in his campaigns for reform of the Corn Laws and Agrarian Laws, and for Catholic emancipation especially the Relief Act of 1791. His influence was such that he was offered peerages by both Addington and Castlereagh but he turned them down. His practical interest in agricultural reform can be traced in the proceedings of the Workington Agricultural Society, of which he was founder-president. Cumbrian archive records contain reports on Curwen's experimental farm at the Schoose, and on such other items as the estate he purchased between Windermere and Hawkshead, Lancashire, in order to encourage forestry. By planting over 800,000 trees around Windermere he transformed that area of the Lake District. An active supporter of the abolition of slavery, his friend and party activist William Wilberforce spent time with John Christian on Belle Isle. To modern eyes, however, one of the most interesting of his projects was his introduction of social security and mutual benefit schemes for his farm and colliery workers. Education Key education developments include:

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notre_Dame-Siena_College_of_Polomolok"}

School in South Cotabato, Philippines Notre Dame-Siena College of Polomolok is a private, Catholic, non-stock basic and higher education institution run by the Congregation of the Dominican Sisters of St. Catherine of Siena in Polomolok, South Cotabato, Philippines. It was founded by the (Siena Sisters) in 1957 and was named Notre Dame of Polomolok (NDP) but changed its name to Notre Dame-Siena College of Polomolok at the opening of its college department in 2004. Notre Dame-Siena College of Polomolok is a member of the Notre Dame Educational Association, a group of Notre Dame Schools in the Philippines under the patronage of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The college offers a complete basic education and selected college education programs as follows: ND-SCP is administered by the Dominican Sisters of St. Catherine of Siena. Presidents

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richmond_Hill_Rams"}

Junior ice hockey team The Richmond Hill Rams were a Junior ice hockey team based in Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada. They played in the Greater Metro Junior 'A' Hockey League. History Richmond Hill Rams The Rams were a resurrection of the Richmond Hill Rams of the old Metro Junior A Hockey League, which folded in 1995. The creation of the new team, although in a renegade league, was the first Junior team to be established in Richmond Hill in 12 seasons. The Rams' first game was the first in the GMHL's history. The game was at the Ram's home arena and took place on September 8, 2006, against King Wild. The final result was a 6–0 victory for the Rams. The first goal in the team's history was scored by Darren Archebald, in the first period on the powerplay. Archebald's goal was also the first in the league's history as well. Daniel Jones had the honour of goaltending the team and league's first win and shutout. The Rams 100th goal was scored on November 3, 2006, against the Nipissing Alouettes, scored by Frank Spano with 9:19 remaining in the second period. English player Craig Peacock was also the first player in the league to score a Hat Trick, this was on the 2nd day of the season in a 5–1 win against Nipissing, he also went on to top the whole league in scoring with 39 games played 48 goals and 34 assists for a total of 82 points, 17 ahead of his nearest challenger. On January 2, 2008, the Rams hosted the Moscow Selects All-star team in an exhibition game. The Selects won the game by a score of 7–4. This was the fourth game of seven that the Moscow team played against different GMJHL clubs. After finishing the 2007–08 season with exactly the same record as they did in the 2006–07 season, the Rams took a bye during the first round, then were challenged by the Innisfil Lakers in the quarter-final. The Lakers initially took a 3-games-to-none series lead, but the Rams battled back to force a winner-take-all Game 7. The Rams ran out of steam in Game 7 and were defeated 6-4 by the Lakers. In March 2008, the Rams and King Wild engaged in a 4-game exhibition series against the Mexico national ice hockey team. The first of two games for the Rams was on the 20th, and finished with the Mexico national team winning 6–4. On the 24th, the Rams played them again and lost 5–2. Ontario Lightning Rams On January 8, 2008, the ownership of the Rams announced a new sponsorship that changed the team name to the "Ontario Lightning Rams" for 2008–09, but the deal and the name were dropped after one season. In the summer of 2009, the Rams took a leave of absence and never returned to action, along with sister-franchise Espanola Kings. Season-by-season standings Playoffs Richmond Hill Rams defeated Nipissing Alouettes 4-games-to-2 in quarter-final King Wild defeated Richmond Hill Rams 4-games-to-2 in semi-final Innisfil Lakers defeated Richmond Hill Rams 4-games-to-3 in quarter-final Innisfil Lakers defeated Ontario Lightning Rams 3-games-to-1 in division quarter-final Notable alumni

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rara_National_Park"}

Rara National Park is a protected area in the Himalayas of Nepal and was established in 1976. Covering an area of 106 km2 (41 sq mi) in the Mugu and Jumla districts, it is the country's smallest national park. Its main feature is Rara Lake at an altitude of 2,990 m (9,810 ft). The park was established to protect the unique flora and fauna of the Humla–Jumla Region of Nepal. The park ranges in elevation from 2,800 m (9,200 ft) to 4,039 m (13,251 ft) at Chuchemara Peak on the southern side of Rara Lake. On the northern side, the peaks of Ruma Kand and Malika Kand frame the alpine freshwater lake, which is the largest lake in Nepal with a surface of 10.8 km2 (4.2 sq mi) and a maximum depth of 167 m (548 ft). It is oval-shaped with an east–west axis, a length of 5 km (3.1 mi) and a width of 3 km (1.9 mi) draining into the Mugu-Karnali River via Nijar Khola. Rara National Park is managed by the Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation and protected with the assistance of the Nepal Army. Climate The climate of Rara National Park is pleasant during the summer, but becomes very cold during the winter, because of the altitude. The best times to visit the park are in September, October, April, and May. During the winter, temperatures drop below freezing, and many high passes become blocked by snow. The summer is warm, but June to August is monsoon season, making the trek to Rara National Park difficult. Vegetation One thousand and seventy species of flora are estimated from Rara National Park. Rhododendron, fir, brown oak, and birch species are found in the sub-alpine region. Below 3,200 m (10,500 ft), the vegetation consists of mainly blue pine (Pinus excelsa), rhododendron (Rhododendron arboretum), west Himalayan spruce, black juniper and Himalayan cypress. Above 3,200 metres (10,500 ft), the vegetation changes to a coniferous forest consisting of a mixture of fir, spruce and pine. Fauna Fifty-one species of mammals, 241 species of birds, two species of reptiles and amphibians, and three species of fish have been recorded from the park including musk deer, red panda, snow leopard, Himalayan black bear, Indian leopard, jackal, Himalayan tahr, yellow-throated marten, otter, dhole, gray langur, and rhesus macaque. There are 241 recorded species of birds, including 49 wetland species. Coots are often found in the lake. During the winter, great-crested and black-necked grebes, red-crested pochards, mallard, common teal (Anas crecca), and common merganser are common. Other birds seen often include the Himalayan snowcock, chukar partridge, Himalayan monal, kalij pheasant and blood pheasant. In 1979, three endemic snowtrout species were collected in Lake Rara and described as new species: the Nepalese snowtrout Schizothorax nepalensis, the Rara snowtrout, and Nepalese snowtrout. Also in 1979, the frog species Paa rarica has been first recorded as endemic to the lake. Tourism GORP founder Bill Greer described Rara Lake as: "a shimmering blue jewel set in a ring of snowy peaks" Another travel writer describes a trek in the park: "Although more trampled than in the past, the road to Rara Lake is still without any of the comfortable services available along more popular trails. Logistically it is not an easy trek; it is hard to get to and from, and it is an organizational challenge, requiring informed guides and porters to tote the two weeks' worth of material that will keep you warm, dry and fed. It is also tough on the bones, involving several 11,000-foot passes. However, once you overcome the obstacles, the rewards are legion: few if any other trekkers, incomparable natural splendor, "untouched" villages, blissful quiet…" Environmental issues Due to over-grazing and defecation, the national park conservation officers are facing a challenge to preserve the lake. Local people are found cutting timber wood and fuel wood, which is a problem for conservation of Rara. Also during festivals visitors and local people produce a lot of wastage causing water pollution. Transport Even though the park does not have connection to the national road network, there are two ways to reach Rara National Park- airways and roadways. Roadways, it takes four days to reach Rara National Park from Kathmandu through the Karnali Highway and takes up to three days from the nearest town Jumla through means of trekking. From, Nepalgunj there is two ways to reach the lake, one is by following the salt route to Humla and another following a number of trails through Dolpo region. Through air, the nearest airport to the Rara National Park is Talcha Airport in Mugu and Jumla Airport in Jumla. There is no direct air service from Kathmandu to Mugu. Talcha can be reached from air only by getting down from Kathmandu to Nepalgunj or Surkhet. Rara National Park is mainly served by Talcha Airport, which is 4 km east of the lake. Nepal Airlines, Sita Air, Summit Air, and Tara Air operate flights to both Talcha Airport and Jumla Airport from Nepalgunj Airport. It takes approx. 3 hours to reach Rara National Park from Talcha Airport on foot. Apart from this, a public bus also runs from Surkhet to Mugu headquarter Gamgadhi.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th_Motorised_Brigade_(South_Africa)"}

WWII military unit Military unit The 12th Motorised Brigade (South Africa) was a South African brigade-level infantry unit that served with the Allies in the Italian Campaign of World War II under the 6th South African Armoured Division. It was the first South African unit to enter combat in Italy. The unit was activated in 1943 and had generally deactivated by 8 May 1945. Formation The 12th Motorized Brigade was officially formed under the 6th Armoured Division (South Africa) on 8 February 1943 as a mismatched collection of volunteers from various units previously serving in North Africa, as interest in fighting in Italy was low among South African soldiers. The unit was led by Brig. R.J. Palmer, and sailed, along with the rest of the 6th, to Port Tewfik on the Suez Canal on 30 April 1943. The brigade received training in the Kataba desert in the northwest of Cairo, Egypt, culminating in the three-day "Exercise Durban", which ran from 5–7 December 1943. Composition Units under the 12th Motorised Brigade included: Attached and added units: Italian Campaign After receiving orders, the 6th sailed from Alexandria, Egypt on 16 April 1944 and arrived in Taranto, Italy, on the 20th. After arrival, 12th Brigade was detached from the 6th and ordered to move to S. Elia, a mountainous region north of Monte Cassino that featured a section of the Gustav Line, to relieve the 11th Canadian Infantry Brigade. Under the command of the 2nd New Zealand Division of the British X Corps, the 12th took over the sector on 6 May and held it until 23 May, after the fall of Monte Cassino, when they were reincorporated into 6th Division. As part of the Allied drive northwards in Italy, the 12th took the town of Paliano on 3 June. After the Allies took Rome on 4 June, the 6th Armoured was ordered to push upwards on the Via Casilina to take over the spearhead of the British XIII Corps, passing through Rome on 6 June. After continuing to march with the 6th Armoured Division up through Italy, a regiment of the 12th, the First City / Cape Town Highlanders, took the lead and captured the important Orvieto road junction on 14 June. Next, 6th Division met the LXXVI Panzer Corps on the Georg Line north of Route 73. 12th Brigade took one side of the attack, advancing along the road and eventually helping capture Radda on 17 July. On 20 July, the 12th attacked and took Mt. St. Michele, an important strategic position for control over the Arno Valley and Allied advances into France. After taking over part of the front at Arno River with Prince Arnold's Guard and the 74th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, the 12th eventually crossed the Arno on the night of 28–29 August 1944. At this point, the 12th was tasked with sending armed patrols to determine the extent of German withdrawal from the region, which was undertaken by the Royal Natal Carbineers and the FC/CTH. C Company of the RNC liberated the town of Artimino on 1 September. The RNC liberated Pistoia on 8 September. On 11 September, the 6th Armoured regrouped, with the 12th Motorised Brigade put in the center of the formation. The 12th moved up Highway 64, with the FC/CTH crossing the Apennine watershed at Collin on 27 September. On 8 October, the 12th was moved up to hold the Mt. Vegese-Montevolo area. The RNC had been separated from the brigade several weeks earlier to capture Mt. Vegese with the 11th Motorised Brigade. Next, the brigade was assigned the task of taking Mt. Stanco, which it accomplished by 13 October, with the Witwatersrand Rifles reaching the summit by 05:59 that morning. FC/CTH was assigned to take Point 650, which they accomplished by mid-afternoon. Several units from the 12th were assigned to take Mt. Salvaro and Mt. Pezza, which they accomplished by 25 October. After a slow winter, 12th Brigade once again moved up to the front on the night of 31 March 1945. To capture Mt. Sole and Mt. Caprara, the brigade's next objectives, the 12th advanced along the ridge of Mt. Sole. WR/DLR and FC/CTH attacked on 15 April and had captured the summits of the mountains by the evening of the next day, although WR/DLR suffered 168 casualties in the process. On 22 April 1945, the 12th Motorised Brigade reached Camposanto, which had been previously liberated by American troops. On the afternoon of 24 April, the 12th reached the banks of the Po River, rounding up 487 German prisoners in the process. Post-War Activity After the end of the war in Europe in May 1945, the 12th was assigned occupation duty in the Aosta Valley on the Franco-Italian border. An official announcement was made by the Union Defence Force on 9 August that South Africans abroad would be sent home in waves, with priority given to those who had served abroad for the longest time. As demobilisation took place on an individual basis, unit structure was lost. By 26 February 1946, all South African soldiers had been sent home. Retirement Separate units of the 12th Motorised Brigade demobilised on different dates. The 1st Witwatersrand Rifles and Regiment de la Rey disbanded on 30 June 1943, forming the combined WR/DLR regiment that lasted until 8 May 1945. The First City Regiment disbanded on 5 October 1943. FC/CTH, RB/RPS, and RNC all demobilised on 8 May 1945.

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Diane Lewis was the Social Security Minister of Guernsey from March 2007 to April 2008 and sat on the Policy Council. She was elected a Deputy to the States of Guernsey in April 2004 and was voted in as Social Security Minister in March 2007 following the Fallagate Scandal. The vote was close and she beat the incumbent Mary Lowe. Deputy Lewis represented the St. Peter Port North electoral district until 2008.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habrona_concinna"}

Species of false owlet moth Habrona concinna is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It is found in Papua and Papua New Guinea, where it has been recorded from mountainous areas. The wingspan is 48–52 mm (1.9–2.0 in). The forewings are black-brown, the inner and outer lines slender and ochreous. The inner is obliquely curved outwards and roundly bent on the submedian fold, angled on vein 1. The median vein is ochreous from the base to the inner line, which is slightly inbent at the point and the outer line is bluntly rounded in the midwing. The orbicular stigma is obsolete and the reniform is black with a snow-white or yellowish dot at the centre, on each side of it a pair of waved black lines, sometimes united below the middle, where the inner margin is sometimes paler brown. The veins at the termen form a pale brownish ochreous spikes, that on vein 2 reach the outer line. They are finely white-edged and have a white angled line below it to vein 1. There is a paler apical blotch and a submarginal shade which is scarcely visible. The terminal area is pale brown beyond a fine white line interrupted by the veins. The hindwings are fuscous, but paler at the base. The veins at the termen and the fringe are ochreous.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winter_Stories_(album)"}

2019 studio album by Judy Collins, Jonas Fjeld and Chatham County Line Winter Stories is an album by American singer Judy Collins and Norwegian musician Jonas Fjeld backed by American blugrass group Chatham County Line. It was released on November 29, 2019 on the Cleopatra label and reached number one on the Billboard Top Bluegrass Albums chart, becoming the 80-year-old Collins' first ever American number one album on any chart, as well as the first for Fjeld and the third for Chatham County Line. Background and recording Although the lead artists were tangentially aware of one another (Collins recorded Fjeld's "Angels in the Snow" for her 2014 album Christmas with Judy Collins), they had never worked together. Fjeld had previously toured with and recorded three albums with Chatham County Line. Of choosing her collaborators, Collins explained "I knew Jonas and Chatham County Line would be a great fit with me. The language of music overarches everything, including geography. When we came together in the studio, we found we could speak to each other in a way that was compatible and nuanced." She concluded that she "was very honored to work with this all-star group" as "there was definitely a lot of love and admiration between everyone, and we had such a great time together". Collins also expressed that she enjoyed making a winter-themed album that was not simply an album of Christmas songs. The recording of the album took place in February 2019 at Echo Mountain Studios, a former church in Asheville, North Carolina where the artists were given three days of preparation and pre-recording time during which they picked the songs, a mixture of classics, covers and originals through sharing stories and exchanging experiences, something Collins described as "very much a part of the folk tradition.” Of the album's seasonal theme, Fjeld explained "I’m a winter guy — in my part of the world it's winter seven months of the year. Winter is a wonderful time to be close to the ones you love”. Songs on the album include re-recordings of Collins' "The Blizzard" and "Mountain Girl" from her 1990 album Fires of Eden and 1995 album Voices respectively and Fjeld's "Angel's in the Snow" as well as covers of Stan Rogers' "Northwest Passage, Jimmy Webb's "Highwayman" and Joni Mitchell's "River". Reception Winter Stories was nominated for Best Country Album at the 2019 Spellemannprisen awards, often referred to as the Norwegian Grammy Awards. The album received universal acclaim from music critics. Writing for Americana UK, Jonathan Aird selects "The Blizzard" as the album's standout track, explaining that it is "one of her most stunningly effective songs" detailing "love, and consolation, and drinking and an eventual parting captured over a magical six minutes" and also praises Collins' cover of "River", writing that "it's hard to imagine anyone else but Judy Collins making such a fine version of a song whose original perfection makes it almost sacrosanct". Aird additionally praises the "magical" re-recording of "Angels in the Snow", the "ethereal" cover of "Highwayman" and "Bury Me With My Guitar On" on which Chatham County Line "get to rip a little more as the song bounces along at a Bluegrass pelt". He concludes that "Winter Stories is an album that brings out the best of all participants – Judy Collins is in wonderful voice, Jonas Fjeld offers a dramatic counterpoint with the right edge of gruffness whilst the inspired combination of the duo with Chatham County Line adds a real connection back into Judy Collins’ early folk routes" before expressing his desire for further collaboration between the artists adding that " there are three other seasons to the year – just a thought Judy". Similarly, Doug Heselgrave of No Depression described the album as a "new folk classic" featuring a "winning combination" of Collins, Fjeld and Chatham County Line. Track listing Adapted from AllMusic Personnel

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Cur%C3%A9_de_Tours"}

Le Curé de Tours is a long short story (or, more properly, a novella) by Honoré de Balzac, written in 1832. Originally entitled Les Célibataires (The Celibates), it was published in that year in volume III of the 2nd edition of Scènes de la vie privée, then republished in 1833 and again in 1839, still with the same title but as one of the Scènes de la vie de province. Not until 1843 did it take on its present title of Le Curé de Tours when it appeared in volume II of Scènes de la vie de province (volume VI of his vast narrative series La Comédie humaine). Le Curé de Tours is one of the best known of all Balzac's fictions. The action of the novella takes place in or near Tours, with a brief excursion to Paris, in the year 1826. Plot summary The Abbé François Birotteau and the Abbé Hyacinthe Troubert, both of whom are priests at Tours, have separate lodgings in the house belonging to the crabby spinster Sophie Gamard in that city. Birotteau is an other-worldly, gentle, introspective type; Troubert, who is ten years younger than his fellow boarder, is very much of the world: he is a careerist devoured by ambition. Birotteau prides himself on his furniture and fine library, inherited from his friend and predecessor as parish priest of Saint-Gatien de Tours. Without reading all its clauses, or at least without remembering them, he signs a document handed to him by Mlle Gamard, forfeiting his entitlement to his lodgings and making over their contents to her in the event of his vacating his premises for any considerable period. He leaves them for a fortnight's stay in the country, where he is served with a possession order by his landlady's lawyer. On returning home he finds Troubert installed in his apartments, in full possession of his furniture and his library, whilst he himself has been moved into inferior rooms. Birotteau abandons any prospect of a lawsuit to regain his property, as his friends in the provincial aristocracy of Tours gradually withdraw their backing. In return for giving up his rooms he had expected to be appointed to the vacant canonry of the cathedral. Instead, he is demoted to a much poorer parish two or three miles out of Tours. Deprived of his library and furniture, he leaves Mlle Gamard's, thinking that this will indirectly bring him, through Troubert, the canonry which never comes. Troubert, on the other hand, is first appointed Vicar-General of the diocese of Tours, then Bishop of Troyes, scarcely deigning to look in Birotteau's direction as he speeds past his colleague's dilapidated presbytery on his way to his diocese. Fundamental themes of the work (1) The English title The Celibates is more appropriate than The Bachelors in that there are three people in Le Curé de Tours – Birotteau, Troubert and Mlle Gamard – to whom that description applies. All three are unmarried, all lead and have always led sexless lives: all lead “blameless” existences. (2) The theme of celibacy was important to Balzac, who gave the name Les Célibataires (the original title of Le Curé de Tours) to a sub-section of La Comédie humaine. This sub-section eventually consisted of Pierrette, Le Curé de Tours and La Rabouilleuse. Other works of Balzac in which the theme of celibacy is paramount are Le Cousin Pons, La Cousine Bette and La Vieille Fille (The Old Maid). (3) Celibacy is to be distinguished from chastity. In Eugénie Grandet, Le Lys dans la vallée and Ursule Mirouët the chastity of the heroines Eugénie, (Mme) Henriette de Mortsauf and Ursule is a dominant theme. Celibacy, even more so than chastity, concentrates and releases immense psychic force. This is a pent-up force which cannot find its outlet in normal sexual relationships. (4) In the novella Le Curé de Tours the dual themes of celibacy and chastity are interwoven with the processes of the law. In the full-length novels Eugénie Grandet, Ursule Mirouët and Le Cousin Pons these themes of celibacy and chastity are interwoven with the making of wills. (5) Through sexual abstinence human beings conserve their vital energy: this idea was derived by Balzac from his own father and perhaps also from Rosicrucianism. However, through the excessive self-restraint of celibacy this vital energy can be unleashed with devastating effect. The vital energy of one of the two priests, Birotteau, is expressed in what Balzac describes as his “monomania” for Chapeloud's furniture and library. Troubert's vital energy is focused on his quasi-secular ambition. Sophie Gamard's is focused upon revenge. It is chastity which preserves a human being's equilibrium. This, as in Ursule Mirouët and Le Curé de village, is an aspect of Balzac's Classicism. (6) Because two of the three celibates are priests, the theme of celibacy is inevitably interwoven with religion. In Le Curé de Tours religion is viewed by Balzac solely in its political dimension. The struggle to restore Birotteau to his apartments is undertaken by well-meaning aristocrats with the aid of a Liberal lawyer. But once Troubert has been appointed Vicar-General of Tours, with the early prospect of becoming a bishop, it becomes clear that he may well have it in his power to thwart young Listomère's promotion in the Navy and the promotion of the latter's uncle to a seat in the Chambre des pairs (Chamber of Peers): so great is the power of the Congrégation of the Roman Catholic Church in France. In the reign of Charles X this politico-religious body is said by Balzac to have wielded a Juggernaut-like destructive influence, holding sway over “the Archbishop, the General, the Prefect, and great and small alike”. And because of its “occult domination” of administrative life the aristocratic families of Tours desert Birotteau, whose personal drama, described as “agony”, is as heart-rending as any drama in the public sphere. (7) Troubert is bracketed, perhaps somewhat improbably, with Pope Sixtus V, Pope Gregory VII, Pope Alexander VI, Pope Innocent III and Czar Peter the Great of Russia. This is because Balzac believes that the same laws and processes apply at all levels and in all areas of human society. Narrative strategies (1) Whereas the presentation of human life as theatre reaches its zenith in Illusions perdues, that of human life as drama is as forceful in Le Curé de Tours as it is in any other fiction of La Comédie humaine. (2) As in Pierrette, the personal drama of the three celibates in Le Curé de Tours is increasingly interwoven with the politics of their small city. Their drama ceases to be personal and becomes public. The bourgeoisie are pitted against the small aristocracy of the city, and people's attachment to salons is crucial to the story. (3) A seemingly petty account of the fierce covetousness of three celibates becomes enmeshed within the machinations of the law. Mlle Gamard uses the law in order to achieve an unjust result, and ultimately Birotteau is powerless against it. (4) Balzac adopts the stance of omniscient narrator. The novella is slow to unfold, presenting the general circumstances in great depth. At the outset of Le Curé de Tours a few words of speech or dialogue are followed by considerable analysis of setting and character. This presentation of setting is important as Balzac's purpose in La Comédie humaine was to describe “men, women and things” and to show the interplay of competing forms of self-interest in his account of the social and political history of contemporary France. (5) The narrative abounds in generalizations. Balzac invents these adages. The literary form of the apophthegm is essential to his analysis of human character, the workings of human society and the philosophical constitution of the world. (6) From the dramatic point of view there is much dialogue and much play-acting. Play-acting is a key component of this prevalent use of dialogue. Troubert's encounter with Mme de Listomère epitomizes one of Balzac's recurrent preoccupations, that play-acting is the be-all and end-all of social life, that people say one thing whilst meaning another and that in social life a mask must be worn at all times. In Le Curé de Tours, as nowhere else in La Comédie humaine, Balzac italicizes within brackets what Troubert and Mme de Listomère each mean when they appear to be saying the opposite to one another. (7) What is said in Le Père Goriot about “the battlefield of Parisian civilisation”, where one has to “kill so as not to be killed, deceive so as not to be deceived”, is as true of Tours as it is of the capital, for Balzac is seeking to establish fundamental social laws. Conclusion This apparently unpretentious novella holds the key to so much that was to become important in La Comédie humaine. Balzac is painstakingly concerned with scene-setting, which is not ponderous but exceedingly minute. Increasingly fascinated by dialogue, he is convinced that life is a play. He is awed by the almost volcanic psychological forces which surge within the human heart, especially when they are nurtured by celibacy. All these aspects of his philosophical outlook and narrative technique achieve their culmination in La Cousine Bette and Le Cousin Pons. Written in the earlier days of La Comédie humaine, Le Curé de Tours foreshadows, and helps to shape, the great novels that tower at the very end. Bibliography

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_urban_water_management_in_Aracaju,_Brazil"}

Integrated urban water management in Aracaju, the capital city of the Brazilian State of Sergipe (SSE) has been and still is a challenging prospect. Home to half a million people, Aracaju is located in a tropical coastal zone within a semi-arid state and receives below average rainfall of 1,200 mm/year where average rainfall in Latin America is higher at 1,556 mm/yr. (Source:FAO 2000) Most of the residents do have access to the potable water supply and non-revenue water losses are nearly 50%. The watersheds and rivers feeding the capital city are drought prone; therefore, water scarcity is an ongoing challenge for Aracaju. Aracaju does not have significant groundwater resources, experiences conflicts between urban and agricultural demand, struggles with a weak institutional framework, and discharges untreated wastewater the São Francisco River running through the city. In an attempt to address these water-related challenges, the SSE carried out a multi-stakeholder planning process as part of their economic development plan during the years 2008-2011. The city, with assistance from multinational development banks and organizations is also in the planning stages of a water project that will support institutional improvement and development of the irrigation sector. Economic aspects The State of Sergipe (SSE) is one of the smallest, least populated, and poorest states in Brazil. It is located in the northeast region, with an area of 21,910 km2 and a population of about 1.94 million inhabitants, 81.2% of which live in urban areas. The coastal zone of Sergipe, which includes the Metropolitan Region of Aracaju (MRA), concentrates 43.7% (500k) of the state's population and produces about 56% of the state's GDP. Sergipe has the highest per capita annual income in the northeast region at $4,378 (R$7,560), but this represents only about 60 percent of the average national per capita income, and some 52 percent of the population earns less than two minimum salaries a month at around $269 (R$465), indicating a high level of poverty. The economy of Aracaju is based on services, industry and tourism. The GDP as of 2005 for the capital city in the SSE was $2.9 billion (R$5 billion). Geography and climate The state's semi-arid Sertão and Agreste regions represent 82% of the territory and have an average annual rainfall from 400 to 800 mm/year, while the coastal zone of Aracaju has an average annual rainfall of 1,200 mm/year. This is not much rain when compared to the Amazon basin average rainfall at 8,700mm/yr; however, more in line with the Latin America average of 1556 mm/yr.(Source:FAO 2000) Aracaju has a typical tropical climate, with warm temperatures and high relative humidity throughout the year. January is the warmest month, with an average temperature between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 22 °C (71.6 °F). July experiences the coolest temperatures and most rainfall, with average temperatures between 27 °C (80.6 °F) and 17 °C (62.6 °F). Infrastructure Water supply Surface water is the main source of supply, with limited use of groundwater, which is still an unknown and uncertain resource for the area. Aracaju is supplied by the Sergipe and Vazza Barris watersheds making up 6,232 km2 or 28% of the landmass in the state. Together, these two basins convey a flow of water measured at approximately 30 m3/s.(still need the complete reference from "Carta Consulta") Irrigation Development of irrigation potential in the basin is limited by water scarcity, pollution and conflicts for water allocation especially for urban supply. However, existing irrigation infrastructure could generate a more effective and efficient use if infrastructure is modernized, service delivery is improved and modern irrigation techniques are made available to farmers. Inefficient management of the irrigation perimeters is also a constraint that needs to be addressed to guarantee their sustainability and optimize positive social and economic results. Water usage & coverage The total demand for water in the Sergipe river basin is estimated to be of 260,000 m3/day; however, the volume of water provided by the basin itself only amounts to 55,000 m3/day. Transfers from the São Francisco river basin to the MRA cover some of the deficit in availability; however, there are high investment and operating costs associated with these water transfers. The Water supply is available to about 85.2% of the population in the basin; however, access is uneven in social and territorial aspects. The level of water losses in the State Water Supply and Sanitation Utility (DESO) is at 48%, therefore a portion of the population is subject to rationing. As the population of the Sergipe river basin continues to grow at a higher rate than the state average, it is important to maximize the efficiency and effectiveness of the existing and planned infrastructure and the management of water resources and services. Water challenges The SSE's and the capital city of Aracaju's primary water resources challenges are related to scarcity, water pollution, lack of institutional capacity and framework, and recurrent droughts and floods (which may be exacerbated by climate change and increased hydrological variability). The SSE and Aracaju are currently struggling to confront these challenges in the context of rising urbanization, informality, and pollution. Water scarcity Encompassing almost half the State's population, including most of The Metropolitan Region of Aracaju (Região Metropolitana de Aracaju-RMA), the Sergipe river basin entirely includes eight municipalities and partially includes another eighteen. A water use/availability study found that overall water demand is 260,000 cubic meters per day while the total volume of water provided by the basin itself is only 55,000 cubic meters per day. This indicates a water deficit of over 80 percent. The shortfall is covered in part by transfers from the São Francisco River. Water scarcity is further exacerbated by the contamination of water resources in urban areas in and around the RMA due to ongoing urbanization and informal occupants. Water Pollution Pollution of water resources further aggravates scarcity. The main sources of pollution are the discharge of untreated wastewater and inadequate disposal of solid waste. Only an average of 38.7% of the population has access to sewerage, and untreated sewer discharged into water bodies contributes to the basin's downstream pollution. With regards to solid waste, even though 80% of the population is covered by solid waste removal services, adequate disposal of this waste does not exist. Solid waste is disposed of in open air dumps along highways, in mangroves, or in areas close to water causing severe urban and environmental impacts. Weak Institutional Capacity Currently, the State of Sergipe (SSE) does not have an adequate institutional framework and set of tools in order to plan, manage, and regulate water resources and water service provision in an integrated manner. The state has several agencies for water management, environmental policies, irrigation, and agricultural development, but the institutional capacity of these agencies is limited and roles and responsibilities are not well clarified. Response to challenges The World Family Summit program has created the "Sergipe Practical Plan of Action 2006-2015" that has set goals in line with the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to ensure access to adequate drinking water and sanitation. Furthermore, this plan defines and investment strategy for the management of freshwater resources and great control of water pollution. The State of Sergipe (SSE) engaged in a participatory planning process with a priority on water that involved public consultations with civil society and identified priority areas of intervention. This participatory planning process served as a key input to SSE's 2008-2011 economic development and government action plan, which selected integrated management of natural and water resources, solid waste and sanitation services as one of the SSE's key priorities. Key Institutions Sergipe is a small and poor state, with several agencies in charge of environment, water resources, irrigation management, water supply, and wastewater regulation. These institutions share responsibilities within some projects and what follows provides some explanation of this; however, this is by no means a clear definition as the SSE remains mired in institutional incapacity. For example, and with regards to integrated water resources management (IWRM) and institutional development, SEMARH may handle technical and safeguards issues while UAPAS deals with procurement and financial management. Water and irrigation initiatives appear to be the domain of COHIDRO and UAPAS. DESO takes on all components (safeguards, technical, procurement, financial management) when dealing with water and cities projects. Legal Framework As with the institutional framework, the legal framework within the SSE needs further clarification. There have been advances in the legal framework of water resources management, information systems, and planning efforts at state and river basin levels, but implementation of governance instruments for modern water management and services regulation is only just emerging.

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Cairell mac Muiredaig Muinderg (died 532) also Cairell Coscrach ("victorious") was a king of Ulaid from the Dal Fiatach. He was the son of Muiredach Muinderg mac Forggo (died 489) and brother of Eochaid mac Muiredaig Muinderg (died 509), previous kings. His accession date is given in the Annals of Tigernach in 509 and the accession of his successor in 532 This annal gives him a reign of 509-532 In the period following the destruction of Emain Macha after 450, Ulidia underwent a recuperation in which the Dal Fiatach emerge as the overlords with his father Muiredach as the first historical king. In 496/498 the annals record the storming of Dún Lethglaise (Downpatrick, modern County Down) which may be connected with the rise of Dal Fiatach in this area which was to become their power base. The Tripartite Life of St. Patrick has a story that Saint Patrick cursed the descendants of his brother Eochaid and gave his blessing to the descendants of Cairell. Cairell's descendants did monopolize the kingship. His known sons were Demmán mac Cairill (died 572) and Báetán mac Cairill (died 581), both kings of Ulaid.

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American gridiron football player (born 1970) American football player Michael Dean Williams (born May 28, 1970) is a former American football defensive back who played one season with the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League. He played college football at the University of California, Los Angeles and attended Crenshaw High School in South Los Angeles, California. He was also a member of the San Jose SaberCats of the Arena Football League.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kangeyam"}

Town in Tamil Nadu, India Town in Tamil Nadu, India Kangeyam (Tamil: [kaːŋɡeːjam]) is a town and municipality in Kangeyam Taluk of Tiruppur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is situated on National Highway 81. Kangeyam is an economic center in Tamil Nadu. The main commercial interests of the municipality are rice hulling, coconut oil extraction, ghee production, and groundnut cultivation. The town is located 28 km from the district headquarters at Tiruppur, 45 km from the city of Erode, 70 km from the industrial town of Coimbatore,18 km from the town of vellakovil, 55 km from the city of Karur, 140 km from the Ancient city of Trichy and 441 km from the state capital Chennai. History Kangeyam was the capital of KonguNadu in ancient times. all the clan gods of different peoples have built around the city of Kangeyam. An ancient beryl mine near Kangeyam produced Indian beryl for export to the Roman Empire, which is why numerous Roman coins have been found near the town. Economy The economy of Kangeyam is mostly based in rice hulling, the manufacture of coconut copra (dried kernel used in coconut oil production), ghee production and groundnut cultivation. The region, despite being semi-arid and rain-fed, produces rice throughout the year. Rice procured from the Thanjavur and Cauvery Delta regions in Tamil Nadu and from other states like Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh are also brought to Kangeyam for processing. There are more than 500 rice mills in the taluk. Coconut oil production in Kangeyam began in the 1980s, when farmers in Tamil Nadu first began cultivating coconuts commercially. Nowadays, Kangeyam is among the major coconut oil producing regions of India; coconut oil produced here is marketed across Tamil Nadu and other states such as Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat, West Bengal and Madhya Pradesh. Kangeyam coconut oil is also exported internationally. In the production of oil, coconut kernels are first dried on large fields made for this purpose. They are then processed in oil mills to produce coconut oil. There are about 150 coconut oil manufacturing units in and around Kangeyam and about 500 kopra processing and drying units in Kangeyam Taluk. Kangeyam is sometimes called the "Rice and Oil Town" due to its large rice and coconut oil sectors. Ghee and ornamental stone production are also major businesses in Kangeyam. The stone that is produced is known as "Moon Stone" and is exported to other countries. Kangayam is one of the most important cities in India in terms of carbon production. The carbon produced here is exported for domestic use and also abroad. Kangeyam is also a famous city for vehicle body building(container and open type). A few other companies that manufacture welded wires are also located within the town. Many spinning mills and knit cloth manufacturing units are located in Kangeyam as the city is close the textile hub of Tiruppur. Kangeyam Bull The Kangeyam Bull is a breed of cattle that is indigenous to the area around Kangeyam. The Kangeyam bull is known for its superior draught strength and adaptability to poor nutritional conditions. They have a compact body with short, stout legs, strong hooves, a short neck and a firm hump, and are usually grey or white in colour. Demographics According to the 2011 Census of India, Kangeyam had a population of 32,147 with a ratio of 987 females for every 1,000 males, higher than the national average of 929. 2,811 residents were under the age of six, with 1,485 under-six males and 1,326 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 9.33% and 0.07% of the population, respectively. The average literacy of the town was 77.7%, higher than the national average of 72.99%. The town had a total of 9,449 households. There were a total of 15,720 workers. Of the working population, 392 were cultivators, 603 were main agricultural laborers, 1,610 worked in household industries, 11,503 worked in other industries, 1,612 were marginal workers, 63 were marginal cultivators, 155 were marginal agricultural laborers, 225 were marginal workers in household industries, and 1,169 were other marginal workers. Around 3% of the people were below the poverty line, much lower than the national average of 29.8% and the state average of 17.1%. The population is 88.86% Hindu, 6.22% Muslim, 3.91% Christian, 0.02% Sikh, 0.02% Buddhist, 0.01% Jain and 0.01% Other. 0.95% of the respondents followed no religion or did not state their religion. Administration and politics Kangeyam comes under the Tiruppur district. Kangeyam assembly constituency is part of Erode (Lok Sabha constituency). A. Ganesha Murthi is the current Member of Parliament representing Kangeyam. M. P. Saminathan (DMK) represents Kangeyam Constituency in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly. Transport Because of its strategic location, Kangeyam is well connected by roads to many major towns in the district. Kangeyam is located on National Highway 81. A state highway running through Kangeyam connects Erode, Kangeyam, Dharapuram, and Palani, in that order. There are two bus stands in Kangeyam - one for "mofussil" buses connecting Kangeyam with surrounding villages and the other for State service buses which connects Kangeyam with other parts of Tamil Nadu. Other state highways that run through Kangeyam are: Kangeyam is around 28 km from Tirupur, 46 km from Erode, 68 km from Coimbatore,18 km from Vellakovil, 23 km from Uthukuli and 32 km from Dharapuram. Landmarks Utilities There is a 54-bed government hospital in Kangeyam. Four Primary Health Centres are under the administration of the Kangeyam Health Block, which is itself administrated by the Tiruppur Health Unit District (HUD). Besides these, there are a number of private hospitals in the town. A number of schools and colleges are situated in and around Kangeyam. Weather Kangeyam South is one of the driest parts of Tamil Nadu. Kangeyam average rainfall around 600mm.It is highly dependent on the rainfall during the months of October and November. About 250-300 mm of rainfall is available during this time. During the southwest monsoon, there is a high level of wind(wind gust around 70kmhr), which results in less rainfall. January to March is mostly without rain. April and May are the hottest months of the year with thundershowers during the day.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1989_Summer_Universiade_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_10,000_metres"}

The men's 10,000 metres event at the 1989 Summer Universiade was held at the Wedaustadion in Duisburg on 27 August 1989. Results

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This is a list of gliders/sailplanes of the world, (this reference lists all gliders with references, where available) Note: Any aircraft can glide for a short time, but gliders are designed to glide for longer. American miscellaneous constructors

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Award In the AFL Women's (AFLW), the Hawthorn best and fairest award is awarded to the best and fairest player at the Hawthorn Football Club. The award has been awarded annually since the club's inaugural season in the competition in 2022, and Tilly Lucas-Rodd was the inaugural winner of the award. Recipients

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gala_(album)"}

1990 compilation album by Lush Gala is the debut compilation album by the English alternative rock band Lush, released in 1990 by 4AD as an introduction to the US and Japanese markets, comprising the band's earliest releases in reverse chronological order, plus two additional tracks. It was released on 13 November 1990 on 4AD/Reprise Records in the United States and 21 November 1990 on 4AD/Nippon Columbia in Japan; the album received a limited-edition release in the United Kingdom on 3 December 1990. In support of the album, Lush toured in both the US and Japan. Upon its release, Gala failed to chart, but the album was well received by critics in both the UK and the US. "De-Luxe", which was released as a promotional single in the US, did receive considerable radio airplay and placed in the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart. Release Gala was compiled by Lush's record label, 4AD, as an introduction to the United States and Japanese markets. The album features the band's debut mini album Scar (1989) and Mad Love and Sweetness and Light extended plays (1990) in reverse chronological order. A cover version of ABBA's 1975 song "Hey Hey Helen"—which had been recorded for an abandoned anti-poll tax compilation—was included, as well as a rerecording of Scar song "Scarlet" that had been previously released on the Melody Maker compilation Gigantic! 2 in March 1990. Gala was released on 13 November 1990 on 4AD/Reprise in the US and on 21 November on 4AD/Nippon Columbia in Japan. Both releases were only made available on CD. Upon the album's limited release in the United Kingdom on 3 December, it was made available on CD, LP and cassette. In the US, "De-Luxe" was released as a promotional-only radio single to promote Gala's release; it featured the album version of the track, as well as two separate single edits as its B-side. The song peaked at No. 14 on Billboard's Modern Rock Tracks chart. To support Gala, Lush commenced two short tours of North America and Japan. The band performed eight dates in North America, beginning at Lee's Palace in Toronto on 24 November 1990 and concluding on 8 December at Club Lingerie in Los Angeles. A sold-out four-date mini tour of Japan followed, with Lush performing two nights at the FM Radio Hall in Tokyo from 11 to 12 December, Muse Hall in Osaka on 14 December and a final show at Club Quattro in Nagoya on 15 December. The tour was well received and Lush were tipped as being "big in Japan", though vocalist/guitarist Miki Berenyi was skeptical of the band's fame, telling Sounds: "People go, 'Ooh you've sold out Japan.' But you don't really fucking know how well you're doing. It could be like some American band saying 'Hey we sold out the [Camden] Falcon!'" Reception Upon its release, Gala was well received by critics. NME writer Terry Staunton rated it 8 out of 10 and said, Gala was a collection of Lush's "two glorious years" and "a delicious starter" for the band, adding "when the initial stocks run out, Gala will clean up in the import shops, as it is undoubtedly one of maybe a dozen (probably less) albums from this year that everyone should own". Writing for Select, Graham Linehan described Gala as "riveting" in his 4-out-of-5 review. He said that "what is surprising is the way in which the EPs that make up the album have fallen together so perfectly" and surmised that "at first it may all seem a little rich, a little too sweet for one long swallow … but give it a moment to catch your breath and it becomes clear that Lush's gameplan involves far more than retracing the steps of acts like the Cocteaus and My Bloody Valentine". Vox reviewer Susan Corrigan awarded the album a 9-out-of-10 rating and said that "together [Berenyi and Emma Anderson loop hazy vocals through hard-edged fractured melodies, evoking an unstructured sense of bliss even for the most jaded listener". Corrigan further described how Lush's "heady, expansive songs burst out of the vinyl like riotously-coloured musical fractals". David Stubbs wrote a largely warm review in Melody Maker, selecting "De-Luxe" and "Thoughtforms" as Gala's standout tracks and describing how "the guitars glitter like sunshine immediately after the rain". In The New York Times, Jon Pareles described Gala as featuring guitars "swathed in electronic reverberation and other effects" and overdubbing, and a retrospective 4-out-of-5 review on AllMusic by Andy Kellman praised Lush's ability "to veer from violent and edgy noise breaks to pop effervescence". Kellman noted how the material on Gala was a direct influence on Chapterhouse and (though he criticised the production on the tracks from Mad Love and Sweetness and Light) concluded that Gala was "one of the band's career highlights". In 2016, Pitchfork ranked the album at No. 8 on its list of "The 50 Best Shoegaze Albums of All Time". Track listing Personnel All personnel credits adapted from Gala's album notes. Lush Additional musicians Technical personnel Design personnel Release history

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_J._Steele"}

Edward J. "Ted" Steele is an Australian molecular immunologist with interests in virology and evolution. He is an honorary research associate at the C.Y.O'Connor ERADE Village Foundation in Piara Waters, WA, Australia. Steele was also the subject of a dispute in 2001–2002 with the University of Wollongong, which led to his widely publicized dismissal, court-ordered reinstatement and subsequent undisclosed financial settlement by the university. Steele is a proponent of the panspermia hypothesis, which suggests that life exists throughout the Universe. Scientific interests Ted Steele hypothesized the RNA/RT-based mechanism of somatic hypermutation. This is known as neo-Lamarckism. Steele's hypothesis provided the first mechanism to explain Lamarckian evolution: when successful somatic cell changes occur due to environmental changes, copies of the copious new messenger-RNA that have been produced by the successful cells are picked up by harmless retroviruses acting as gene shuttles and transported across the tissue barrier – the Weismann Barrier – to the germline. Finally, the new genetic information is integrated into the DNA by a process involving reverse transcription. This process of writing or translating new information into the DNA provides the essential precursor to acquired changes being passed on to progeny; to the next generation, thereby demonstrating Lamarckian inheritance of acquired characters. Darwinian natural selection then goes to work on the progeny and subsequent generations: those fit for survival do so and those not fit die out. This recombination of Darwin and Lamarck by Steele has been described as meta-Lamarckism. During the 1980s and 1990s, Ted Steele clashed with the scientific establishment, particularly in the UK, over this hypothesis and his support for Lamarck's place in modern science. Steele has stated publicly in an interview with the ABC program Lateline that his controversial theories have had a strong impact on his career: "To be branded a heretic and a pariah meant that my career to keep doing research in this area were extremely limited." From 2010 to 2018, Ted Steele continued to explore reverse transcription as a mechanism to explain the emergence of complex retroviruses of vertebrate lines at or just before the Cambrian Explosion of ～500 Ma.[citation needed] Dismissal and dispute In January 2001, Steele made several allegations to the media in regard to 'soft' marking resulting in the upgrading of full fee paying international students. Steele was summarily dismissed by UoW's Vice-Chancellor Gerard Sutton, stating that the university's reputation was "placed at a serious and imminent risk as a result of Associate Professor Steele's claims." Steele declared his dismissal unfair and instituted legal proceedings. The case received wide media coverage. In August 2001, the Australian Federal Court found that the University of Wollongong had breached its staff enterprise agreement by not following correct conduct and dismissal procedures in Steele's case. Following the verdict Steele expressed publicly that he wanted his job back. On 5 April 2002, UoW Vice Chancellor Gerard Sutton acceded to NTEU demands and reinstated Dr Ted Steele to his position within the Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Wollongong. It was made public that Steele's reinstatement was unconditional and involved backpay. President of the National Tertiary Education Union, Dr Carolyn Allport, announced the importance of the victory and precedent that the court's ruling set. "The NTEU has said all along that Dr Steele was dismissed illegally. The union's position has been completely vindicated by the findings of four judges of the Federal Court and Dr Steele's subsequent reinstatement. The reinstatement comes after a 15 month legal and political campaign by the NTEU. It is a victory for all NTEU members because it clearly demonstrates that university staff cannot be dismissed without a proper and fair hearing. This requirement is the fundamental protection of intellectual freedom in Australia's universities and the successful campaign to reinstate Dr Steele has reaffirmed that protection for all Australian university staff and for the community that our universities serve." The unfair dismissal issue was resolved on 6 July 2002 when Steele and the University of Wollongong came to a confidential agreement. COVID-19 In 2020, Steele, along with researcher N. Chandra Wickramasinghe and others, claimed in ten research papers that COVID-19 originated from a meteor spotted as a bright fireball over the city of Songyuan in Northeast China on October 11, 2019, and that a fragment of the meteor landed in the Wuhan area, which started the first COVID-19 outbreaks. However, the researchers, including Steele, did not provide any direct evidence proving this theory. The pseudonymous science blogger Neuroskeptic, writing in Astronomy magazine, called the meteor origin theory "so remarkable that it makes the others look boring by comparison". Selected publications

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Walton"}

Helen Robson Walton (December 3, 1919 – April 19, 2007) was an American philanthropist and prominent arts advocate, dedicated to her community in Bentonville, Arkansas where she instituted a committee for a national museum of arts. After 31 years of activity, the Arkansas Committee on the National Museum for Women in the Arts is the longest standing committee in the state. She was also the wife of Walmart and Sam's Club founder Sam Walton. At one point in her life, she was the richest American and the eleventh-richest woman in the world. Biography Helen was born in Claremore, Oklahoma. She was the daughter of homemaker Hazel Carr Robson and a prosperous banker/rancher Leland Stanford (L. S.) Robson. She was the valedictorian of her high school class in Claremore, Oklahoma, and a graduate of the University of Oklahoma at Norman with a degree in finance. She married Sam Walton on Valentine's Day, February 14, 1943, in Claremont. They had met in a bowling alley where her dad took her. She once said in a TV interview that upon marrying, they agreed to avoid family squabbling at all costs. In September 1945, Sam and Helen Walton opened a Ben Franklin "five and dime", their first retail store, in Newport, Arkansas. In 1950, they moved to Bentonville, Arkansas, and in 1962, they opened the first Wal-Mart. Sam Walton credits her for having the idea of the profit-sharing plan with the company's associates. In 1982, Walton established a children's enrichment center in Bentonville. The center is now called the Helen R. Walton Children's Enrichment Center and has the goal of educating children from 6 weeks old through pre-kindergarten and assisting other child care providers to improve the quality of child care in Arkansas. When Sam Walton died in 1992, he left his ownership in Wal-Mart to Helen and their four children. In 2002, as Helen Watson was the president of the Walton Family Foundation, a $300 million donation was made to the University of Arkansas, the biggest donation ever made to a public university in the United States. This donation was preceded by a $50 million donation to the same university's School of Business. Helen also established a scholarship program called the “Walton Scholars,” which helps 150 students annually and helped create a program meant to move students from Central America to the U.S. to learn about democracy and free enterprise. In the last eight years of her life, Helen suffered from dementia but gained peace painting watercolors. "They're abstract but just lyrical and beautiful," said her daughter Alice in an October 2013 interview with Forbes. "I have two. One's very happy and…oh, whimsical, I guess you would say. Then there's one she did right before she died. I mean, you could almost tell. She knew." She would sometimes in her old age travel to Tennessee, to have lunch with her friend, Annie Kathryn Rives Luck, at the White House Restaurant in the small town of Moscow, Tennessee. She died of heart failure on April 19, 2007. At the time of her death, she had an estimated net worth of $16.4 billion and owned 8.1% of Wal-Mart. Ms. Walton was survived by her brother, Frank Robson; three children, Samuel Robson Walton, Jim C. Walton, and Alice Louise Walton; eight grandchildren; and four great-grandchildren. Involvement in the Arts In 1987, Helen Walton was the leading support and integral figure in the development of the Walton Arts Center in Fayetteville, Arkansas. After meeting with the to-be CEO of the center, Bill Mitchell, Walton suggested the renovation of the University of Arkansas' “old men's gym” as the site for the theater. The construction was completed in 5 years and the goals of bringing art and artists to the community that would not experience it otherwise and educating young generations could be realized. The Walton Arts Center is one of the most prominent art presenters in the mid-south and one of the few to still perform full-week Broadway productions.[circular reference] In 1989, Helen Walton, after meeting with Wilhelmina (Billie) Holladay, was inspired to form an Arkansan committee for the National Museum of Women in the Arts or ACNMWA. After discussing their trips to Europe, Walton and Holladay expressed their want to establish a committee that would display the women artists of Arkansas. Texas, Ohio, New York, North Carolina, and Colorado had already held galleries that displayed their women artists by this time.[circular reference] The committee was organized in Little Rock, AR with representatives from 12 demographic districts divided by population; Little Rock was the exception with three representatives. Each representative donated $100 and $2000 was donated by the NMWA to fund an Arkansas Gallery in the NMWA Elisabeth Kasser Wing, the first gallery was exhibited in 1990. Helen was the first acting president of the ACNMWA and from 1990 to 1992 was actively a part of the galleries, what artists would be displayed, who would curate the galleries, the budgets for the events, etc. The committee would prove its dedication to accurately portraying the community, displaying not only the women of Arkansas, but minorities of Arkansas as well. ACNMWA held their first national exhibit in 1992, A Personal Statement: Arkansas Women Artists. In 1991, a museum show was dedicated to children's literature, prominently displaying African-American characters and authors. Since Walton's departure from the committee, the ACNMWA has established the Artist Award, the College Internship, and an Arkansan women artist registry to further encourage involvement and interest in the arts. The ACNMWA is the only branch of the national committee that does state-wide tours of the national exhibits. Arms

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Australian politician and lobbyist Neil Patrick O'Keefe (born 7 May 1947) is a retired Australian politician and lobbyist. Born in Melbourne, he was educated at La Trobe University and then Monash University before becoming a teacher, union official and small business proprietor. In 1984, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the Labor member for Burke. On 24 March 1993 he was appointed Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Transport and Communications. On 24 December 1993 this portfolio became Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Industrial Relations and Transport. On 24 March 1994 he became Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Transport, a position he held until Labor's electoral defeat in 1996. O'Keefe retired unexpectedly in 2001, after he'd been preselected to run again in the election scheduled that year. After his retirement from politics, he was able to use his close relationship with then Victorian Premier Steve Bracks, who he once employed as an adviser to build another career as a lobbyist and through government appointments. On 8 May 2003 O'Keefe accepted a Victorian government appointment as chairman of the joint venture between the government and the Royal Agricultural Society to redevelop the Royal Melbourne Showgrounds. O'Keefe was a director of the Western Bulldogs Football Club and was executive producer of Australian film production "The Independent." He also served as an independent director of Water for Rivers, an agency created jointly by federal, NSW and Victorian governments that administers the Snowy and Murray Rivers. He also served as chair of the Centre for Public Infrastructure and Director of Melbourne University Private, before it folded. An active motorcyclist, Neil O'Keefe has also served as the ministerial appointed chair of the Victorian Motorcycle Advisory Council for the past seven years. The former politician is now a lobbyist, through his company O'Keefe Solutions. His clients include large-scale property developers.

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United States historic place The Walter and Anna Zion Homestead near Idalia, Colorado dates from 1910. It includes sod house architecture. The main house, a "soddy," was built in 1910 by Walter Zion and others. The homestead was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005. The listing included eight contributing buildings, two other contributing structures, and one contributing site in an 1.27-acre (0.51 ha) area.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams_(1848%E2%80%931919)"}

John Quincy Adams (June 16, 1848 – November 13, 1919) was an employee of the Milwaukee Road Railroad serving in the capacity as the general land and townsite agent in 1907, when Adams County, North Dakota was created, which is named after him. He was a distant relative of John Adams (the 2nd U.S. president) and John Quincy Adams (the 6th U.S. president). He was born in Troy, Vermont to Benjamin S. and Susan Smith (Pierce) Adams. He married Francis S. Smith on December 23, 1874; they had two children, the senior of them is Benjamin. John Quincy Adams died in Chicago, Illinois. Career He was educated at Grand River Institute, and in 1868 he received a B.S. in Cedar Valley Seminary. He began in 1869 as deputy county auditor, Mitchell County, Louisiana, continuing 1 year. Then, he was the travelling salesman for 10 years. He was member of mem. Griffin & Adams, bankers, Spencer,[clarification needed] for 10 years. He is identified with large transactions in lands and loans since 1892, and from May 1902 to 1910, president of the Adams & Denmead Co., dealing in western lands and mortgage loans; president Coast Line Land Co., of Three Forks, Montana, Adams Investment Co., of Marshall-town.[clarification needed] He was a Republican and Mason.

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Summit Power Group is a Seattle-based energy development company, responsible for developing electric power plants and other energy-related facilities, which are primarily natural gas-fired and wind-powered, with solar power recently added. Summit does not develop conventional coal-fired power plants without carbon capture. Summit's prospective IGCC/CCS projects include the Texas Clean Energy Project, the Renewable Energy Corporation Project in Montana, and surface facilities for underground coal gasification (UCG) projects in the early stages of development by Laurus Energy as a licensee of Ergo Exergy.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abelsonite"}

Organic mineral, a nickel porphyrine derivative Abelsonite is a nickel porphyrin mineral with chemical formula C31H32N4Ni. It was discovered in 1969 in the U.S. State of Utah and described in 1975. The mineral is named after geochemist Philip H. Abelson. It is the only known crystalline geoporphyrin. Description Abelsonite is semitransparent and pink-purple, dark greyish purple, pale purplish red, or reddish brown in color. The mineral occurs as thin laths or plates or small aggregates up to 1 cm (0.39 in). The mineral is soluble in benzene and acetone and is insoluble in water, dilute hydrochloric acid, and dilute nitric acid. Occurrence and formation The mineral is known only from the Parachute Creek Member of the Green River Formation. It has been known from the Uinta Basin in Utah since its discovery and from the Piceance Basin in Colorado since 1985. Abelsonite occurs in association with albite, analcime, dolomite, mica, orthoclase, pyrite, and quartz. Abelsonite is a secondary mineral that formed in fractures, vugs, and bedding planes of oil shale. The mineral probably formed from diagenesis of chlorophyll, likely chlorophyll a, which was transported as an aqueous solution into a favorable geologic setting. In 2003, abelsonite was fully synthesized for the first time. Structure In 1989, abelsonite was the only known geoporphyrin to have a crystalline structure. Most geoporphyrins occur as a series of homologues spanning a large range of carbon numbers. The porphyrin which comprises abelsonite is common, but it does not usually occur in isolation from other porphyrins. The mineral is a deoxophylloerythroetioporphyrin (DPEP), with nickel occupying the center of the porphyrin ring. Most of the mineral consists of a C31 porphyrin with small quantities of a C30 norisomer. The mineral crystallizes in the triclinic crystal system. History The mineral was first noted in 1969 in a core sample made by the Western Oil Shale Corporation in Uintah County, Utah. It was described in 1975 in the journal Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. The mineral was named after Philip H. Abelson (1913–2004), a long-time editor of the journal Science, for his work in organic geochemistry. Type specimens are held in The Natural History Museum in London and the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C.

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American CEO Jeffrey D. Dunn is an American broadcast executive who was the president and CEO of Sesame Workshop until 2021, the non-profit organization best known for making Sesame Street. He previously served as the President and CEO of the HiT Entertainment from 2008 until it was sold to Mattel in 2012. In 2014, Dunn served as a Fellow at the Harvard University Advanced Leadership Initiative. Prior to leading HiT, Dunn was the Chief Operating Officer of Nickelodeon and the President of Nickelodeon Film and Enterprises. Prior to joining Nickelodeon, Dunn was in charge of marketing for The Bank of Boston. Dunn began his career at Time Magazine, where he served in a variety of marketing and general management positions. Early life Dunn was raised in West Hartford, CT, where he graduated magna cum laude from the Kingswood School in 1973. During his senior year of high school, Dunn served as the Editorial Supervisor for The Kingswood News and interned at the Hartford Courant, where he wrote daily obituaries. He received his AB degree cum laude from Harvard College in 1977, where he majored in American political history, and he received his MBA degree in 1981 from the Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration, where he was named by the faculty to the Century Club as one of the top leaders of his class. Personal life Dunn is married to the former Karen Denuzze of New Britain, CT, and they have two sons.

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The 2013 Atlantic Sun Conference baseball tournament was held at Melching Field at Conrad Park on the campus of Stetson University in DeLand, Florida, from May 22 through 25. East Tennessee State won their first tournament championship and claimed the Atlantic Sun Conference's automatic bid to the 2013 NCAA Division I baseball tournament. The Buccaneers joined the conference in 2005. Format and seeding The 2013 tournament was an 8-team double-elimination tournament. The top eight teams (based on conference results) from the conference earned invitations to the tournament. Northern Kentucky was not eligible for the tournament while it was reclassifying from Division II. Kennesaw State claimed the sixth seed over Lipscomb by tiebreaker. Bracket and results All-Tournament Team The following players were named to the All-Tournament Team. Most Valuable Player Kerry Doane was named Tournament Most Valuable Player. Doane was a pitcher for East Tennessee State.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Sebastian_Wesley"}

English organist and composer (1810–1876) Samuel Sebastian Wesley (14 August 1810 – 19 April 1876) was an English organist and composer. Wesley married Mary Anne Merewether and had 6 children. He is often referred to as S.S. Wesley to avoid confusion with his father Samuel Wesley. Biography Born in London, he was the eldest child in the composer Samuel Wesley's second family, which he formed with Sarah Suter having separated from his wife Charlotte. Samuel Sebastian was the grandson of Charles Wesley. His middle name derived from his father's lifelong admiration for the music of Bach. After singing in the choir of the Chapel Royal as a boy, Samuel Sebastian embarked on a career as a musician, and was appointed organist at Hereford Cathedral in 1832. While there he married the sister of the Dean, John Merryweather. S.S. Wesley was, like his father Samuel Wesley, a Freemason. He was initiated in Palladian Lodge No.120 in Hereford on 17 September 1833. He moved to Exeter Cathedral three years later, and joined St George's Lodge No.129 Exeter on 10 December 1835. He subsequently held appointments at Leeds Parish Church (now Leeds Minster) (from 1842), Winchester Cathedral (from 1849), Winchester College and Gloucester Cathedral (1865-1876). In 1839 he received both his Bachelor of Music degree and a Doctor of Music degree from Oxford. He became a Professor of Organ at the Royal Academy of Music in 1850. He died at his home in Gloucester on 19 April 1876 aged 65. He is buried next to his daughter in St. Bartholomew's Cemetery in Exeter by the old City Wall. There are memorial tablets to him in Exeter Cathedral and Winchester Cathedral, and his memorial at Gloucester Cathedral is in stained glass. Famous in his lifetime as one of his country's leading organists and choirmasters, he composed almost exclusively for the Church of England, which continues to cherish his memory. His better-known anthems include Thou wilt keep him in perfect peace and Wash me throughly. He also wrote several rather late examples of verse anthems, which contrast unison and contrapuntal sections with smaller, more intimate passages for solo voice or voices. Blessed be the God and Father, The Wilderness and Ascribe unto the Lord are of considerable length, as is his Service in E. The popular short anthem Lead me, Lord is an extract from Praise the Lord, O my soul. Several of his pieces for solo organ have enduring value and continue to be played in recitals now and then. Of his hymn tunes the best-known are "Aurelia" and "Hereford." "Aurelia" has been widely adopted in the United States, and is regularly heard there. Usually now sung to the words "The Church's One Foundation", Wesley composed the tune for the hymn "Jerusalem the Golden", hence the name "Aurelia". One notable feature of his career is his aversion to equal temperament, an aversion which he kept for decades after this tuning method had been accepted on the Continent and even in most of England. Such distaste did not stop him from substantial use of chromaticism in several of his published compositions. While at Winchester Cathedral Wesley was largely responsible for the Cathedral's acquisition in 1854 of the Father Willis organ which had been exhibited at The Great Exhibition, 1851. The success of the Exhibition organ led directly to the award of the contract to Willis for a 100-stop organ for St George's Hall, Liverpool built in 1855. Wesley was the consultant for this major and important project, but the organ was, arguably, impaired for some years by Wesley's insistence that it be tuned to unequal temperament. Wesley, with Father Willis, can be credited with the invention of the concave and radiating organ pedalboard, but demurred when Willis proposed that it should be known as the "Wesley-Willis" pedalboard. However, their joint conception has been largely adopted as an international standard for organs throughout the English-speaking world and those exported elsewhere. Musical works Selected works include the following: Anthems Services Hymn tunes Other hymn tunes composed or arranged by Wesley are listed on the Library of Congress Linked Data Service. Organ Literary works Bicentenary celebrations Celebrations in Leeds for the 200th anniversary of Wesley's birth began with Festal Evensong at Leeds Parish Church on Sunday 4 July 2010 followed by a gala choral recital. Worship on Sunday 15 August was broadcast on BBC Radio Four. Simon Lindley gave a commemorative recital of Wesley's organ music in the evening and a commemorative recital of music by Wesley at Leeds Town Hall on 13 September. Bibliography

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostr%C3%B3wek,_S%C5%82upca_County"}

Village in Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland Ostrówek [ɔsˈtruvɛk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Orchowo, within Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north-west of Orchowo, 28 km (17 mi) north of Słupca, and 74 km (46 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scopimera_inflata"}

Species of crab Scopimera inflata is an Australian endemic species of sand bubbler crab common to wave exposed and estuarine sandy tropical and subtropical beaches of eastern Australia. Scopimera inflata are sand coloured and small sized with adults growing to 12mm across. The species occur in aggregations just below the high tide mark with females and smaller individuals mainly on the seaward side and males on the terrestrial side of the aggregation.

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Body of water Grace Lake is located in Glacier National Park, in the U. S. state of Montana. Grace Lake is 1.15 miles (1.85 km) northeast of Logging Lake. Mount Geduhn is located to the east of Grace Lake.

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Airport in Huayuan County Xiangxi Airport (Chinese: 湘西机场) is an airport under construction to serve Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Hunan Province, China. It is located in Huayuan County. The airport will be a dual-use general aviation and commercial aviation airport. Construction of the airport started in 2020 with an investment of CNY 1.67 billion. The airport is expected to open for the first test flights in 2021.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Luisa_Albores"}

Mexican politician María Luisa Albores González (born 1976) is a Mexican politician from the National Regeneration Movement who has been the Secretary of Social Development since 2018.

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1st century Roman politician, suffect consul and governor Quintus Julius Cordus was a Roman senator of the early Roman Empire, whose known career flourished under the reign of Vespasian. He was suffect consul in the nundinium of November-December AD 71 as the colleague of Gnaeus Pompeius Collega. Cordus is known to have been governor of two provinces. The first one was the public province of Roman Cyprus, where an inscription records how he supervised the reconstruction of the theatre of Kourion after it was damaged in an earthquake. This inscription allows us to date his tenure to the year 65. The second province was Gallia Aquitania during the Year of Four Emperors, or AD 69. Despite its leading inhabitants taking an oath of allegiance to Otho, the province shifted its loyalty to the rival emperor Vitellius. His life after he stepped down from the consulate is a blank.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swimming_at_the_2012_Summer_Paralympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metre_freestyle_S5"}

The women's 100 metre freestyle S5 event at the 2012 Paralympic Games took place on 8 September, at the London Aquatics Centre. Two heats were held, one with six swimmers and one with five swimmers. The swimmers with the eight fastest times advanced to the final. Heats Heat 1 Heat 2 Final

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAF_Chedburgh"}

Royal Air Force Chedburgh or more simply RAF Chedburgh is a former Royal Air Force satellite station located near Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, UK. The Bury Road Business Park is now located on the site, a principal enterprise being Yara UK Limited's liquid fertilizer production plant. History Murray Peden, a Royal Canadian Air Force pilot, recounts in his memoirs flying on his first attack on Germany, from RAF Chedburgh in September 1943. The target was Hanover. He was a new member of No. 214 Squadron RAF, which was equipped with four-engine Stirlings. He describes the long line of aircraft taxiing "ponderously" along a: "...perimeter track [which] ran within a hundred yards of Chedburgh's pub, before which the locals . . . had assembled for their nightly show." In 2018, the pub building still stood, near the northwest corner of the old airfield. The following units were here at some point:

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Species of beetle Pattalinus griseolus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Monné in 1988.

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Louis Stulberg (1901–1977) was president of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union from 1966 to 1975. Biography Early life Louis Stulberg emigrated with his parents from Poland to Canada in 1904. In 1915, he became a cutter and joined Local 83 of the ILGWU. He graduated from the Harbord Collegiate Institute in Toronto in 1918, and the next year, he moved to the United States. Stulberg first moved to Chicago, where he attended school, worked as a cutter, and joined ILGWU Local 81. Stulberg moved around the country, working as a cutter and union organizer in Toledo, Ohio, and Chicago (1924–1927). He also played minor league baseball for the Memphis Chicks, a charter member team of the Southern Association. Work with the ILGWU It was in New York that he finally settled, first working as business agent and assistant manager of Local 10 (1929–1945), then as manager of Local 62 (1947–1956). Stulberg began service at the international level as Assistant General Secretary (1945), followed by the positions of Vice President (1947), Executive Vice President (1956), and General Secretary Treasurer (1959). He was elected president of the union in 1966, succeeding David Dubinsky, and served until his retirement in 1975. As president of the ILGWU, Stulberg became involved in national and international labor organization. In the United States, Stulberg was elected as a vice president and executive council member of the AFL-CIO. Internationally, he served on a United States delegation to the United Nations (1968), an AFL-CIO delegation to the British Trades Union Congress (1972). Still, Stulberg's term was an inward-looking time, after the long tenure of David Dubinsky. A demographic shift in ILGWU membership, from largely Jewish and Italian workers to more Hispanic and African-American workers, had begun under Dubinsky, but accelerated rapidly during Stulberg's term. During this period, the ILGWU focused more heavily on organizing, and membership reached an all-time high in 1968. But by 1970, it had begun to fall dramatically, as more clothing manufacturers moved their operations abroad. The union also shed many of its political connections under Stulberg's leadership. In 1968 he led the union out of the Liberal Party of New York State, which it had helped to found, and he severed the ILGWU's ties to the Americans for Democratic Action. Sources Biography of Louis Stulberg

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korean_literature"}

See also Culture of South Korea, Korean literature until 1945, and North Korean literature South Korean literature is literature written or produced in South Korea following the division of Korea into North and South in 1945. South Korean literature is primarily written in Korean, though English loanwords are prevalent. Literature by genre Mainstream fiction Also referred as 'pure literature' in South Korea. Most authors translated by the Korea Literature Translation Institute for translation falls into this category. The terminology is often criticized, and is a constant theme of discussion in the literature of South Korea. Korean-American writers writing in Korean, e.g. Kim Yong-ik Popular fiction This term, the popular fiction, is defined as the mass market-targeted works, or as an opposite of the pure literature. This terminology comes from the equivalent Japanese word. But since early 2000, the distinction between mainstream and pop became faint, and some mainstream authors like Gu Byeong-mo or Chung Serang are well-received in both genre, and there is a clear tendency of authors refuse to define themselves as the 'pure literature' author. Historical fiction Historical fiction, or alternative history fiction, is one of the largest selling genre in South Korea. For a more serious works, authors like Jo Jung-rae and Park Wan-suh falls into this category. For lighter works, Kim Jin-myung, the author of The Rose of Sharon Blooms Again, is one of the most best selling writers. The historical fiction of South Korea often covers the Chosun Dynasty and the colonization era. Fantasy Science fiction Essayists Non-fiction essayists include Chang Young-hee. Poetry List of Korean-language poets Notable modern poets include Moon Deok-soo (문덕수, 文德守, b.1928), Choi Nam-son (1890–1957) and Kim Sowol, Ki Hyung-do, Chon Sang-pyong. South Korean literary awards

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunsthalle_Helsinki"}

Kunsthalle Helsinki (Finnish: Helsingin Taidehalli, Swedish: Helsingfors Konsthall) is a non-profit exhibition space founded by various Finnish artist and art associations in 1928. Presenting annually 5–7 major exhibitions and special events, the main focus of the exhibition programme lies in contemporary art, as well as design and architecture.  The Kunsthalle has been a central place for changing exhibitions since the beginning, and does not hold a permanent collection. The Kunsthalle building was designed by Hilding Ekelund and Jarl Eklund. Completed in 1928, the building is a prime example of Nordic Classicism in Finland. The building has been renovated several times and the latest major refurbishment was completed in 2009.

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Naïma (born Naima Said Ibrahim) is a musical artist from the Comoro Islands. She sings to the Zouk fast jump-up carnival beat music genre. Career Naima was born in the Comoros. She is a new generation zouk singer, a fast jump-up carnival style beat originating from the Caribbean islands of Guadeloupe and Martinique, and popularized by the French Antillean band Kassav' in the 1980s. Naima was first professionally signed with the SectionZouk recording label. Her first album was called Reviens, after which she released various singles, including an R&B tune entitled "In Your Dreams". Naima remained with SectionZouk until released in 2008 amid concerns the Zouk music genre was becoming unpopular. As a key figure in the Zouk genre, Naima's departure "raises[d] new questions about where the zouk industry is heading". She later claimed that one of her songs, Avec ou sans toi, from an earlier, unreleased album was leaked in Europe, Martinique, and French Guiana. Naïma is the daughter of Chamsia Sagaf, a famous Comorian singer.

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Bridge in Port Coquitlam The Coast Meridian Overpass is a four-lane cable stayed bridge in Port Coquitlam, British Columbia, crossing the Canadian Pacific railyard. The new bridge has a width of 25 metres and a length of 580 m. The bridge has a bike lane on the northbound side and a separated pedestrian walkway on the southbound side of the overpass. The construction project, officially launched in 2008, links Coast Meridian Road and Lougheed Highway on the north with Kingsway Avenue and Broadway Street on the south. The speed limit on the bridge is 50 km/h. Construction The bridge opened on March 7, 2010, and has a fixed total construction cost of $132 million (CAD). The construction contractor was SNC-Lavalin.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_wheatear"}

Species of bird The Arabian wheatear (Oenanthe lugentoides) is a species of bird in the family Muscicapidae. It is found in Oman, Saudi Arabia and Yemen.

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Legislative Assembly constituency in Rajasthan State, India Ladnun Legislative Assembly constituency is one of the 200 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Rajasthan state in India. It is part of Nagaur district. Members of the Legislative Assembly Election results 2018

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serhiy_Norenko"}

Ukrainian Paralympic athlete Serhiy Norenko (Ukrainian: Сергій Норенко) is a Paralympian athlete from Ukraine competing mainly in category T36 sprint events. Norenko first competed in the Paralympics in 2000 where he competed in the 4 × 400 m as part of the Ukrainian team but it was in the individual events that he won medals, silver in both the 100m and 200m and bronze in the 400m. In 2004 it proved to be the relay events he would win medals in, both bronzes in the 4 × 100 m and 4 × 400 m, and failing to medal in the 400m or long jump.

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Ghanaian judge (1899–1967) Charles Acolatse Sterling was a Ghanaian lawyer and jurist. He was a barrister-at-law and later justice of the Supreme Court of Ghana. Early life and education Charles was born on 27 June 1899 to Chief Joachim Acolatse of Keta in British Togoland (now the Volta Region of Ghana) and Catherine of Togo. At a young age he was adopted by the African Methodist Episcopal Missionaries to study in the United States of America. He studied at Livingstone College, Salisbury, North Carolina and continued at the University of Cambridge, England. Career Charles was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn on 7 January 1930 and enrolled as a barrister and solicitor by the then Chief Justice of the Gold Coast Colony Sir George Campbell Deane on 29 January 1931. He entered private legal practice and practised for twelve years. On 17 March 1943 he was appointed district magistrate and on 7 January 1952 he was promoted to puisne judge. In 1955 he was sent to Sierra Leone to serve on the Commission of Enquiry into the Strikes and Riots in Freetown. In 1964 he was appointed Supreme Court Judge. He served in this capacity until his retirement in 1965. He was replaced by Justice G. S. Lassey, who was formerly a jurist of the Cape Coast High Court. Personal life Charles was married to Mary Adjuah Kuokor Vanderpuye, daughter of J. Addo Vanderpuye owner of Adawso Hotel. He enjoyed playing golf at his leisure time. He died on 25 September 1967.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver_King_(wrestler)"}

Mexican professional wrestler and actor (1968–2019) César Cuauhtémoc González Barrón (9 January 1968 – 11 May 2019) was a Mexican luchador enmascarado (masked wrestler) and actor. He was known best as Silver King, but also had an extensive stint as the third wrestler to portray the Black Tiger character. He was the son of luchador Dr. Wagner and the brother of Dr. Wagner Jr. González worked for many years with El Texano as the tag team "Los Cowboys," winning tag team championships in both Mexico and Japan. González worked for the Universal Wrestling Association (UWA), Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL), Lucha Libre AAA World Wide (AAA), World Championship Wrestling (WCW), All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW), New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) and various smaller federations all over the world. González also starred as the villain "Ramses" in the movie Nacho Libre, starring Jack Black. In June 2010, González began using the ring name Silver Cain/Silver Kain when wrestling in Mexico City as a way to be able to officially be allowed to wear his mask again. In 2020, he was posthumously inducted into the AAA Hall of Fame. Personal life César Cuauhtémoc González Barrón was born on 9 January 1968, son of Magdalena Barrón and her husband Manuel González Rivera, better known by his luchador name, Dr. Wagner. César had two older brothers, Óscar and Juan Manuel, and a younger sister, Mayra. Sometime during late 1980s or early 1990s, César González married Xóchitl Guadalupe Hamada Villarreal, who is also a professional wrestler under the name Xóchitl Hamada. In 2012, César González introduced a wrestler under the name "Silver King Jr.", a masked wrestler who was advertised as the son of González, but would later reveal that the first person to use the name Silver King Jr. was not his son, disassociating himself from the "fake" son. A second wrestler used the name Silver King Jr. in 2014 and 2015 until he was unmasked in a match on 11 October 2015, where he gave the name Felipe Garcia González. César González later introduced "El Hijo de Silver King" ("The Son of Silver King"), believed to be his real son, not a storyline. César González was the uncle of El Hijo de Dr. Wagner Jr. and El Galeno del Mal, sons of his older brother Juan Manuel, as well as the former brother-in-law of Rossy Moreno and the Moreno wrestling family until Juan Manuel and Moreno divorced. Professional wrestling career Early Career (1985–1990) Both César González and his brother Juan Manuel began wrestling at an early age. César made his debut in November 1985 and initially used the name El Invasor (Spanish for "the Invader"). Within a year of his debut, he changed his name and started working as the Luchador Emmascadero (masked wrestler) Silver King. Silver King started working for the Universal Wrestling Association (UWA) in the lower matches on the cards. On 12 November 1987, Silver King wrestled in a Lucha de Apuestas (a "Bet" Match) where he put his mask on the line against El Hijo del Santo's mask. When Silver King lost he was forced to unmask and in lucha tradition reveal his true name, it was here that it was first revealed that Silver King was one of Dr. Wagner's sons. Los Cowboys (1990–1998) Shortly after being unmasked Silver King formed a team with El Texano that would become known as "The Cowboys"/"Los Cowboys". In 1991 the team won their first tag team championship winning a tournament to become the first ever World Wrestling Association World Tag Team Champions. On 19 January 1992, they added the UWA World Tag Team Championship to their collection when they defeated Gran Hamada and Kendo for the title in Japan and brought the titles back to Mexico. Their run with the UWA World Tag Team titles saw them work a storyline with the Can-Am Express (initially masked and just designated "I" and "II" but later revealed to be Doug Furnas and Dan Kroffat). The storyline saw Los Cowboys lose the UWA World Tag Team title on 28 June 1992, but gain a measure of revenge less than a month later when Los Cowboys beat the Can-Am Express in a "Lucha de Apuestas" match and forced Furnas and Kroffat to unmask and reveal their true identities. During their time as double champions, Los Cowboys were invited to participante in a tournament to crown new National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) World Tag Team Champions hosted by World Championship Wrestling (WCW). The team competed at Clash of the Champions XIX and lost in a first-round match to The Fabulous Freebirds. On 7 July 1993, Los Cowboys lost the WWA World Tag team titles to El Dandy and Corazon de Leon but regained them two months later. Their second run with the WWA World Tag Team title only lasted a month as Villano IV and Villano V took the title from them on 10 October 1993. On 31 October, only 21 days after losing the tag team titles Silver King won his first singles title when he defeated his partner El Texano for the UWA World Light Heavyweight Championship. Despite having defeated his own partner Los Cowboys did not turn on each other but kept on working together. In early 1994 Los Cowboys ended their relationship with the UWA and began working for Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL). Silver King defeated Black Magic for the CMLL World Heavyweight Championship on 28 July 1994. Not content to work in the singles' division Los Cowboys won the CMLL World Tag Team Championship (while Silver King still held the singles world title) on 16 December 1994, by unseating long time champions El Canek and Silver King's brother Dr. Wagner Jr. As if being a double champion was not enough Silver King teamed up with Shocker to win the 1995 Gran Alternativa tournament. During 1995 Los Cowboys began working for the Japanese-based International Wrestling Association of Japan where they won the IWA World Tag Team Championship from Los Headhunters on 3 March 1995, in Hiroshima, Japan. The duo lost the tag team title on 20 August the same year on the undercard of the IWA's "King of Deathmatches" show. Silver King would also lose the CMLL World title and the tag team title in 1995 being defeated by Apolo Dantés and the team of Los Headhunters respectively. In February 1996 he teamed up with his brother and defeated Dos Caras and Último Dragón to win the vacant CMLL World Tag Team Championship. When WCW started signing Luchadors in 1997, Silver King joined the North American promotion and vacated the title that he and his brother still held at the time. World Championship Wrestling Cruiserweight division (1997–1998) Silver King joined World Championship Wrestling as a full-time wrestler in 1997 as one of the many luchadors that worked for the company in that time period. He made his WCW debut on the June 9 episode of Monday Nitro by teaming with Psychosis and La Parka against Juventud Guerrera, Super Calo and Ultimo Dragon in a six-man tag team match, which King's team lost. This marked his first appearance in the promotion since 1992. On the June 14 episode of Saturday Night, King received his first win in WCW as he teamed with Damian and Psychosis to defeat Guerrera, Calo and Dragon in a six-man tag team match. At Clash of the Champions XXXV, King teamed with Psychosis, Villano IV and Villano V to defeat the team of Hector Garza, Guerrera, Calo and Lizmark Jr. in an eight-man tag team match. He mostly found himself usually working multiple tag team, six-man and eight-man tag team matches by teaming with fellow luchadors such as Psychosis, La Parka, Villano IV and Villano V and competed against various luchadors. King's first singles match in WCW took place on the August 25 episode of Monday Nitro against Ultimo Dragon, which he lost. He made his first appearance at a pay-per-view event for WCW at World War 3, where he participated in the namesake battle royal for a future WCW World Heavyweight Championship title shot but failed to win. King won his first match in singles competition on the January 24, 1998 episode of Worldwide by defeating Lizmark, Jr. At Souled Out, King teamed with El Dandy, La Parka and Psychosis against Chavo Guerrero Jr., Juventud Guerrera, Lizmark Jr. and Super Calo in a losing effort in an eight-man tag team match. At Slamboree, King participated in a battle royal for an immediate Cruiserweight Championship title opportunity but failed to win. On the June 4 episode of Thunder, King received his first title shot in WCW against Dean Malenko for the Cruiserweight Championship but the match ended in a no contest due to interference by Chris Jericho. King received another title shot for the Cruiserweight Championship against Juventud Guerrera on the September 10 episode of Thunder, which he lost via disqualification after using a chair. This led to a rematch between the two for the title at Fall Brawl, which King lost. At World War 3, King participated in the namesake battle royal for a future World Heavyweight Championship opportunity but failed to win. Latino World Order and Los Fabulosos (1998–2000) At a live event on December 5, King turned on his tag team partner Lizmark, Jr. during a tag team match against Latino World Order members Ciclope and Damien. After the match, King was offered a spot in LWO and he accepted, thus joining Eddie Guerrero's group which was made up of the luchadors who had always been held back in WCW. However, the group disbanded the following month as Guerrero was injured in a car accident and all the members quit the group to accept Ric Flair's offer of fighting for WCW and being promised of a better treatment than Eric Bischoff. Following the dissolution of LWO, King resumed teaming with and competing against various luchadors in the lower mid-card whilst also serving as an enhancement talent to upper mid-card wrestlers. He made his only pay-per-view appearance in 1999 at Bash at the Beach by participated in a Junkyard Invitational but did not receive any success. On the November 13 episode of Saturday Night, King teamed with El Dandy as they unsuccessfully challenged Billy Kidman and Konnan for the World Tag Team Championship. King frequently began teaming with Dandy as the two received another tag team title shot on the March 11, 2000 episode of Worldwide against The Mamalukes (Big Vito and Johnny the Bull). On the March 15 episode of Thunder, King and Dandy began receiving a new push when they forced the ring announcer David Penzer to call their team "Los Fabulosos" before their match against Chavo Guerrero, Jr. and La Parka. Los Fabulosos lost the match but they received a new manager in Miss Hancock, who provided them with a new outfit and some guidance. Los Fabulosos won a few tag team matches including their last televised match in WCW on the April 1 episode of Saturday Night where they defeated Jeremy Lopez and Tommy Rogers. Their last match in WCW was a loss to Harlem Heat 2000 (Big T and Stevie Ray) at a live event on April 1. King was released by his WCW contract on May 5. Black Tiger (2001–2006) After leaving WCW, he returned to CMLL and began wrestling for CMLL's Japanese affiliate, New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). In 2001, he adopted the Black Tiger character, previously used by Mark Rocco and Eddie Guerrero, making him the third person to appear under the mask, which is why he's unofficially referred to as Black Tiger III in printed sources. As Black Tiger, he wrestled several tours with New Japan starting out working a series of matches with the storyline opponent of the Black Tiger, Tiger Mask – in this case, Tiger Mask IV. Together with his brother Dr. Wagner Jr., he had an unsuccessful IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship challenge against the team of Jushin Thunder Liger and El Samurai in 2001. During 2003 NJPW began to phase out most of the Luchadors they had employed over the years and thus Black Tiger began working regularly in Mexico for CMLL, this marked the first time the gimmick was used for a longer period of time outside of NJPW. Since the storyline in Mexico was that Black Tiger was Japanese they could not acknowledge the fact that he and Dr. Wagner Jr. were brothers (in Japan Black Tiger had always been portrayed by a foreigner). He usually ended up as Dr. Wagner Jr.'s back-up but on 31 March 2001, Black Tiger, Dr. Wagner Jr., and Universo 2000 won the CMLL World Trios Championship from Atlantis, Black Warrior, and Mr. Niebla. The team would hold the Trios title for over a year until being unseated on 9 July 2004, by Black Warrior, El Canek, and Rayo de Jalisco Jr. When their father (Dr. Wagner) died on 12 September 2004, Dr. Wagner Jr. was turned tecnicó (good guy) by sympathy but since González was working as Black Tiger and not publicly acknowledged as the son of Dr. Wagner he remained a rudó (bad guy). Dr. Wagner Jr.'s turn meant that Black Tiger did not have a partner or a direction, he began working for CMLL's associate International Wrestling Revolution Group (IWRG) and some smaller CMLL shows, basically in a holding pattern.[citation needed] González kept working as Black Tiger even when NJPW introduced Rocky Romero as the latest Black Tiger (Black Tiger IV) but due to their working relationship with NJPW, CMLL decided that when González worked for them he needed a different "persona". He was repackaged as "El Bronco" complete with a new mask and promoted as someone new to CMLL. González made his debut as "El Bronco" teaming up with Elektro (who had just jumped from AAA to CMLL) and L.A. Park against the original members of Los Guerreros del Infierno (Último Guerrero, Rey Bucanero, and Tarzan Boy). The match was seen as a letdown as the crowd did not appreciate Elektro and did not buy into the "El Bronco" gimmick and the scheduled rematch was rebooked with Hijo de Lizmark and Místico taking over their roles in the match and González as El Bronco replacing Lizmark Jr. in the 2005 Gran Alternativa tournament where his team lost in the first round. After the Gran Alternativa González only made sporadic CMLL appearances as González. González continued wrestling as Black Tiger in IWRG and in other independent Mexican wrestling promotions. On 4 February 2006, González finally gave up the Black Tiger name as he lost a "Lucha de Apuestas" to L.A. Park and was unmasked. After losing his mask González went back to working as Silver King.[citation needed] All Japan Pro Wrestling (2007–2008) In late 2007, Silver King started working for All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW) where he became masked once again. In a break from tradition. Silver King did not change gimmicks but remasked under the same gimmick he was unmasked as in 1987. Silver King won the World Junior Heavyweight Championship on 1 March 2008, by defeating Katsuhiko Nakajima. He held the title for under two months as he lost it to Ryuji Hijikata on 29 April 2008. Lucha Libre AAA World Wide (2008–2014, 2017–2018) On 13 June 2008, Silver King made his debut with AAA, teaming with La Parka (AAA) and Chessman to face La Legion Extranjera (Electro Shock, Bobby Lashley, and Kenzo Suzuki) at AAA's Triplemania XVI show. Silver King participated in the second annual Copa Antonio Peña tournament Gauntlet match. He was the eleventh entrant and lost to eventual winner El Mesias. During a television taping on 7 February 2009, Silver King turned on his tag team partners La Parka (AAA) and X-Pac to side with Konnan's La Legión Extranjera. After La Legión Extranjera was defeated in the main event of Triplemania XVII and Konnan lost control of AAA, Silver King went on to form the stable Los Wagnermaniacos with Dr. Wagner Jr., Electroshock, and Ultimo Gladiator. Following Electroshock's AAA Mega Championship win at Rey de Reyes in March 2010, Silver King, Electroshock, and Ultimo Gladiator all turned on Dr. Wagner Jr. and adopted the new stable name Los Maniacos. In the weeks leading up to Triplemania XVIII, it was announced that the winners of a tag team match between Silver King and Último Gladiador against La Hermandad 187 (Nicho and Joe Líder) would be given a chance to wrestle for the AAA World Tag Team Championship at Triplemania XVIII. The match between the two teams ended in a draw, leaving it undecided if both or neither teams will wrestle at Triplemania XVIII. On 6 June 2010, at Triplemania XVIII, Silver King was officially billed as "Silver Cain", both as a reference to the biblical Cain and Abel, as well as a way for AAA to get around him wearing a mask again. The Mexican Boxing and Wrestling Commission had been giving González problems due to the fact that he had previously lost his mask and this was a way to get around it since he was allowed to wear a mask under a new character. He would only have to use the new name when wrestling in Mexico City. On that night he and Último Gladiador outlasted three other teams, pinning James Storm of Beer Money, Inc. to win the AAA World Tag Team Championship, Silver King's first AAA title. Following the match, Los Junior Capos (Máscara Año 2000 Jr. and Hijo de Cien Caras) from IWRG came to the ring to challenge the new champions for the title. On 26 June, Silver King defeated Máscara Año 2000 Jr. to win the IWRG Intercontinental Heavyweight Championship in an AAA/IWRG inter-promotional match. Silver King went on to challenge Dr. Wagner Jr. for the AAA Mega Championship in a three-way match, which also included Vampiro, on 15 August at Verano de Escandalo, but failed to win the title, when Wagner pinned Vampiro. After the match King played an audiotape, where the late father of the two brothers claimed that King was the more talented of the two of them. This revelation led to a match on 1 October at Héroes Inmortales IV, where Wagner Jr. defeated Silver King in a singles match to retain the AAA Mega Championship. In September 2010 Silver King and Último Gladiador had announced they were joining La Sociedad. Initially, Electroshock made no official announcement on whether he would be following them but agreed to represent the group at Héroes Inmortales V in order to get his hands on Heavy Metal, with whom he had been feuding the past weeks. However, on 14 November he announced he was not part of La Sociedad and urged Silver King and Último Gladiador to leave the group. After Electroshock turned La Sociedad down for the second time on 18 November, Silver King and Último Gladiador turned on him and beat him down with La Milicia. On 27 November Silver King officially kicked Electroshock out of Los Maniacos, while also announcing his spot in the group would be taken by a new member. On 5 December at Guerra de Titanes Silver King and Último Gladiador successfully defended the AAA World Tag Team Championship in a three–way ladder match against La Hermandad 187 and fellow La Sociedad members Hernandez and El Ilegal. On 21 March 2011, Los Maniacos lost the AAA World Tag Team Championship to Extreme Tiger and Jack Evans. In IWRG, Los Maniacos was joined by Joe Líder, with whom Silver King and Último Gladiador held the IWRG Intercontinental Trios Championship from 3 March to 24 April when they lost them during IWRG's Guerra de Empresas show. After losing the title to Los Psycho Circus, King and Gladiador turned on Líder and kicked him out of the group. Shortly thereafter, King and Gladiador joined forces with Chessman to form La Maniarquía. On 18 June at Triplemanía XIX, La Maniarquía was defeated by Electroshock, Heavy Metal and Joe Líder in a Tables, Ladders and Chairs match. In April 2012, Silver King made peace with Dr. Wagner Jr. as the two came together to battle El Consejo stable. However, the alliance was short-lived as on 5 August during the main event of Triplemanía XX, Silver King turned on Wagner Jr., who, despite the betrayal, managed to defeat Máscara Año 2000 Jr. in a Mask vs. Mask match. Afterward, Silver King revealed that he had been behind El Consejo from the beginning, revealing himself as the leader of the rudo stable. However, Silver King quickly began having problems with his new stablemates, with Máscara Año 2000 Jr. asking how they could trust a man who was capable of betraying his own brother. The storyline was dropped after both Máscara Año 2000 Jr. and Toscano left El Consejo. On 8 December 2013, at Guerra de Titanes, Silver King, El Texano Jr., and El Consejo's newest member, El Hijo del Fantasma, unsuccessfully challenged Los Psycho Circus for the AAA World Trios Championship. He left AAA in 2014. On 25 November 2017, King returned to AAA where he worked in a Bull Terrier Four Way match against Silver King Jr, La Parka Negra and La Parka. His last match with AAA was on 29 December 2018 teaming with Dave the Clown losing to La Parka and Murder Clown. Later Career (2014–2019) After leaving AAA in 2014, Silver King worked in many independent circuit Mexican promotions. On 27 June 2015 he lost to his brother Dr. Wagner Jr at Lucha Libre Espectacular in Palmetto, Florida. He also worked in England in 2016 and 2017. On 14 March 2019, he returned to Japan where he participated in a shared event with World Wonder Ring Stardom and Tokyo Gurentai teaming with Fuerza Guerrera and Diamante losing to Ultimo Dragon, El Hijo del Santo and Shiryu. Nacho Libre In 2005, González was cast as the villain opposite Jack Black's character in the Paramount Pictures film Nacho Libre. In the film, González wears a golden mask and outfit and plays the top luchador known as Ramses. After the film premiered, González wore the golden outfit at least once during a defense of his UWA World Junior Light Heavyweight Championship. Death During a match in Camden Town, London, England, against Juventud Guerrera on 11 May 2019, González collapsed in the ring and died a short time later, from a heart attack at the age of 51. Following his death, his body was delayed in being transported from London to Mexico. His body arrived in Mexico City on 19 May, and then it was moved to Monterrey and later by land to Torreón, Coahuila, his native city. His funeral was held at the Funeraria Gayosso where fans were able to attend, and he was later buried at the Jardines del Tiempo in Torreón alongside his father. An autopsy confirmed that González 's cause of death was due to a fulminant myocardial infarction and that there were no drugs or medications in his blood. After González's death, it was reported that Daniel "El Satanico" Lopez, who runs the commission in Zapopan in Guadalajara, decided that shows held in that state would need two ambulances on-site, one paramedic, one doctor, and referees trained in CPR. Tributes and legacy On 22 May 2019 a tribute in memory for González was held at the Arena Campeones de Torreón. On 3 August at Triplemanía XXVII, he was posthumously inducted into the AAA Hall of Fame as part of the 2019 class. Championships and accomplishments Luchas de Apuestas record Footnotes

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arenaria_leptoclados"}

Species of flowering plants within the family Caryophyllaceae Arenaria leptoclados, the lesser thyme-leaved sandwort, is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. The decumbent annual herb typically grows to a height of 0.5 metres (2 ft) and produces white flowers when it blooms from late winter to spring. It is found in Western Australia, Victoria, New South Wales and South Australia where it has become naturalised.

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Bangladeshi ship repairing corporation Chittagong Dry Dock Limited (CDDL), formerly an enterprise of Bangladesh Steel and Engineering Corporation, is a state-owned military ship repair facility based in Chittagong Port, Bangladesh. CDDL is one of the largest ship repair facilities in East and South Asian region, and one of the three shipyards owned and operated by the Bangladesh Navy. History Chittagong Dry Dock Limited was formerly owned by Bangladesh Steel and Engineering Corporation, built to function complementary to Chittagong Port Authority. It is located in Patenga, Chittagong, Bangladesh. It was built to repair and service ships that dock in Chittagong port. On 23 December 2015 the dock was transferred to Bangladesh Navy. In 2014 the dock started the construction of its first cargo ship. In 2015 the Dry dock built a six entrance footbridge for Sylhet City. In 2019, Chittagong Dry Dock Limited was awarded the contract to build six heavy duty offshore patrol vessels(OPV)s for the Bangladesh Navy. These ships will replace the Island-class OPVs. Projects 2,000 tonnes OPV Under the second phase of the FG2030 naval modernization plan, the Bangladesh Navy signed a contract with CDDL for six 2,000-tonnes offshore patrol vessel. The OPV's are intended to guard Bangladesh's Exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Bangladesh Navy frigate project Chittagong Dry Dock has been awarded the contract to undertake the frigate program of the Bangladesh Navy. In the bid to transform from a buyer's navy to builder's navy, the Bangladesh Navy realized its ambitious plan to introduce 6 indigenously built guided missile frigates by 2030. The frigates will incorporate stealth technology, helicopter hangar and state-of-the-art hardware. In 2018, Commodore Mohammad Nazmul Karim said, two frigates will be commissioned in 2022, two by 2025 and two by 2030. However as of March 2021, with the current progress, shipbuilding is likely to be delayed for several more years. Shipbuilding may be further delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

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The State of the World (SoW) was a series of books published annually from 1984 to 2017 by the U.S. based Worldwatch Institute, a thinktank that was founded in the 1970s by renowned environmentalist Lester R. Brown and ceased operations in 2017. The series attempted to identify the planet's most significant environmental challenges. The 2010 edition discussed different ways of changing current cultures such that it felt as natural to live sustainably as living as a consumer felt at the time. The 2011 edition looked at the global food crisis and surrounding environmental and social problems, with a particular emphasis on global innovations that could help solve that worldwide problem. The 2012 edition showcased innovative projects, creative policies, and fresh approaches that were advancing sustainable development in the twenty-first century. The 2013 edition defined the term sustainability, and assessed attempts to cultivate it. Editions

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E653_series"}

Japanese electric multiple unit train type The E653 series (E653系) is an AC/DC dual-voltage electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) in Japan on limited express services since 1997. Originally used on Joban Line Fresh Hitachi limited express services between Ueno in Tokyo and Iwaki, they were reallocated to Niigata for use on Inaho limited express services from 2013 and on Shirayuki limited express services from 2015. Variants Operations 1997-2013 Fresh Hitachi From their introduction in 1997, the E653 series trains operated on Fresh Hitachi limited express services between Ueno in Tokyo and Iwaki via the Joban Line as seven-, seven + four-, and seven + seven-car formations, but were withdrawn from regular scheduled services from the start of the revised timetable on 16 March 2013. 2013- Inaho From the start of the revised timetable on 28 September 2013, reformed E653 series sets displaced from Fresh Hitachi services by new E657 series sets were phased in on Inaho services operating between Niigata and Akita, replacing JNR-era 485 series EMUs and reclassified E653-1000 series. The Inaho fleet consists of eight seven-car E653-1000 series sets modified with the addition of a Green (first class) car and a new livery evoking images of the sunset, rice plants, and the sea. 2015- Shirayuki From the start of the revised timetable on 14 March 2015, four-car E653-1100 series sets were introduced on new Shirayuki limited express services operating between Niigata and Arai. Formations As of 1 April 2017[update], the fleet consists of eight seven-car sets (U101 to U108) and four four-car sets (H201 to H204), all based at Niigata Depot. Inaho E653-1000 series 7-car sets U101–U108 The reformed seven-car Inaho E653-1000 series sets (U101 to U108) are based at Niigata Depot and formed as follows, with four motored ("M") cars and three non-powered trailer ("T") cars, and car 1 at the Akita (northern) end. Shirayuki E653-1100 series 4-car sets H201–H204 The reformed four-car Shirayuki E653-1100 series sets (H201 to H204) are formed as follows, with two motored ("M") cars and two non-powered trailer ("T") cars, and car 1 at the Arai end. Car 2 is equipped with one PS32 single-arm pantograph. Original (Fresh Hitachi) 7-car sets K301–K308 The original Fresh Hitachi seven-car sets were formed as follows, with car 1 at the south (Ueno) end. Original (Fresh Hitachi) 4-car sets K351–K354 The original Fresh Hitachi four-car sets were formed as follows, with car 8 at the south (Ueno) end. Car 9 was equipped with one PS32 single-arm pantograph. Interior E653-0 series All cars in the original E653-0 series sets were standard class with 2+2 seating and 910 mm (36 in) seat pitch. E653-1000 series The Green (first class) cars in E653-1000 series sets have 2+1 seating, arranged with pairs of seats on the seaward side and single seats on the landward side. Seat rows are aligned with the windows, giving a seat pitch of 1,820 mm (72 in), double that for standard class, and additional privacy is added by partitions between each seat row. The Green car seats 18 passengers. History E653 series were introduced from 1 October 1997. The refreshment vending machines were discontinued from 31 March 2008. From 17 March 2012, the E653 series trains were gradually phased out from Fresh Hitachi services with the introduction of new E657 series ten-car EMUs. Original plans were for some E653 series sets to be reassigned to new limited express services operating on the Joban Line between Iwaki and Sendai, with three four-car sets due to be repainted into a new "hamakaidō" (浜街道, coastway) blue livery for use on services between Iwaki and Sendai and the rest of the fleet transferred elsewhere. These plans were abandoned following the suspension of services north of Iwaki on the Joban Line after the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. From the start of the revised timetable on 28 September 2013, reformed E653-1000 series seven-car sets were introduced on Inaho services, operating between Niigata and Akita. Set U102 was the first E653-1000 series to enter revenue service, being used on a special E653 Series Uetsu Line Debut (E653系羽越線デビュー号) charter service between Niigata and Sakata on 14 September 2013. The sub-fleet of four four-car sets were renumbered as E653-1100 series sets for use on new Shirayuki limited express services operating between Niigata and Arai from the start of the revised timetable on 14 March 2015. These sets received a new livery consisting of ivory white with vermillion and blue stripes intended to evoke an image of the sunset over the Sea of Japan. The interiors were refitted with new seat covers, similar to those used in the E7 series and W7 series shinkansen trains. E653-1000 series livery changes The fleet of E653-1000 series sets used on Inaho services is undergoing a programme of reliverying beginning in 2017, with sets each receiving different colour liveries. Set U106 received an all-over ultramarine livery, returning to service in October 2017, and set U107 received an all-over deep pink (Japanese rose (ハマナス, hamanasu)) livery, returning to service in December 2017. Fleet histories The manufacturers and build dates for the fleet are as shown below. 7-car sets 4-car sets

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phlyctis"}

Genus of fungi Phlyctis is a genus of lichenized fungi in the order Gyalectales, and the type genus of the family Phlyctidaceae. Members of the genus are commonly called blemished lichens. The genus was circumscribed by German lichenologist Julius von Flotow in 1850. The Dictionary of the Fungi (2008) estimated the widespread genus to contain 12 species, but several species have been described and added to the genus since then. Species

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List of storms that share the same or similar names The name Humberto has been used for five tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean. The name replaced Hugo, which was retired after the 1989 season.

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The molecular formula C6H8O2 may refer to:

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1970 film That Can't Shake Our Willi! (German: Das kann doch unsren Willi nicht erschüttern) is a 1970 German comedy film directed by Rolf Olsen and starring Heinz Erhardt, Ruth Stephan, and Günther Jerschke. It is a sequel to the film What Is the Matter with Willi?. When Sieglinde Hirsekorn and her neighbour Mizzi Buntje meet in the shop Mizzi brags about her planned holiday in Italy as she does not expect her neighbours to be able to afford travelling there. But, provoked by this, Sieglinde Hirsekorn claims that she and her family had decided to travel to Italy long before the neighbours did. Now she has to get her husband to agree on the holiday. Of course they travel to the same place as the neighbours do and the competitiveness of the families doesn't stop on vacation. It was followed in 1971 by a third film Our Willi Is the Best, made with Erhard returning as Willi. The final film Willi Manages The Whole Thing was released in 1972. The film's sets were designed by the art director Ernst H. Albrecht. Cast

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0iauliai_County"}

County of Lithuania County in Lithuania Šiauliai County (Lithuanian: Šiaulių apskritis) is one of ten counties in Lithuania. It is in the north of the country, and its capital is Šiauliai. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Šiauliai County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. History Formation of administrative regions in Lithuania started in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 18th century. In October 1795, Catherine II of Russia granted Šiauliai the city rights and the privilege to become the capital town of the region. Administrative division of Russian Empire remained unchanged up to the end of World War I. When the war came to its end, in 1918 Lithuania was restored as an independent state. On December 17, 1918, a circular No.1 was issued "On Municipalities in Lithuania" that declared that the entire area of Lithuania would be divided into the regions - apskritys (county sometimes translated into English as a provinces or counties). There were 10 apskritys in Lithuania. In 1937 Siauliai county's overall territory was 6042 km² and 210 thousands people lived there. It was the largest apskritis in Lithuania. In 1940 the Soviet Union occupied Lithuania and reformed the administrative system. The county system remained until 1950 when the counties were abolished and entire area was divided into smaller units - districts, or rajonas in Lithuanian. Only in 1994 - four years after the restoration of Lithuania's independence in 1990 - the apskritys were created again. However, the interwar apskritys should not be mixed with current apskritys, as their purpose, sizes, and number are all different, see administrative division of Lithuania. The entire area of Lithuania is currently divided into 10 larger units - apskritys and smaller districts, consisting of urban and rural elderships. Municipalities The County encompasses municipalities of:

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Bernard Jacqueline (18 March 1918 – 26 February 2007) was a French prelate of the Catholic Church who worked in the Roman Curia and served as Nuncio to Burundi and Morocco. Biography Bernard Henri René Jacqueline was born on 18 March 1918 in Saint-Lô, Normandy, France. He studied at the institute Saint-Lô d'Agneaux and the seminary Saint-Sulpice in Paris. He was ordained a priest for the Diocese of Coutances on 12 March 1944 in Notre-Dame cathedral in Paris. He fulfilled parish assignments in Mont-Saint-Michel (1944), Mortain (1945), and Tourlaville (1946). He then taught philosophy at the Saint-Paul Institute in Cherbourg while serving the parish of Gonneville from 1947 to 1951. He obtained his doctorate in canon law at the Catholic Institute of Paris. He moved to Rome and served as chaplain of the Lycée Chateaubriand, chaplain of San Luigi dei Francesi parish, and rector of the Saint-Pierre-Fourier chapel from 1951 to 1961. He then worked in the Roman Curia at the Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith (CPF) from 1961 to 1973 and then became Under-Secretary of the Secretariat for Non-Christians. In 1964, during the Second Vatican Council, while responsible for the Far East at the CPF, he gave Yves Congar a very negative assessment of the Vatican's diplomats in the region. He obtained his doctorate in 1971 from the Sorbonne with a thesis on Episcopacy and Papacy after Saint Bernard of Clairvaux. Pope John Paul II appointed him Apostolic Pro-Nuncio to Burundi and titular archbishop of Abbir Majus on 24 April 1982. He received his episcopal consecration from Cardinal Agostino Casaroli on Saturday June 19 in St. Peter's Basilica. Pope John Paul named him Apostolic Pro-Nuncio to Morocco on 20 March 1986. The Académie Française twice awarded him prizes: the Prix Véga et Lods de Wegmann in 1976 for Épiscopat et papauté chez Saint-Bernard de Clairvaux and the Cardinal Grente Prize in 1987 for Publication intégrale des œuvres spirituelles du Père Charles de Foucauld. In 1989 he was elected a Corresponding Member of the Academy of Moral and Political Sciences. He retired in 1993 and returned to live in Saint-Lô. He devoted himself to the history of Saint-Lô and the Manche department; he led the Society of Archeology and History of the Manche, a society in which he had maintained a membership since 1937. He died in Saint-Lô on 26 February 2007.

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Kula Ridge can refer to:

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telkom_Charity_Cup"}

Football tournament The Telkom Charity Cup was a South African football (soccer) annual, one-day tournament for Premier Soccer League clubs. It was usually held in early August, as the season opening event. It was traditionally played at South Africa's premier football venue, Soccer City. The qualifying criteria were unique: The public would vote by telephone for their favourite football team to participate. The four clubs with the most votes qualified for the tournament. The aim of the tournament was to raise money for charity through the votes and gate fees. The four clubs selected to participate are drawn into two semi-finals, played one after the other. The two winning clubs then play in a final, later that evening. The most successful coach in the competition has been Ted Dumitru, who recorded four wins. In April 2011, the PSL announced that the tournament would be removed from the football calendar. Irvin Khoza, the PSL Chairman said the competition had "outlived its usefulness". Winners Source:

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Gilles du Monin (1565–1624), also known as Ægidius Monin, was a Belgian Jesuit ecclesiastical historian and liturgical author. Life Monin was born at Beauraing in the Duchy of Luxembourg in 1565. He obtained the degree of Licentiate in Sacred Theology, and in 1592 was appointed a canon of Namur cathedral. In 1603 he resigned his canonry and entered the Society of Jesus. He went on to serve as rector of Jesuit colleges in Namur and Liège. Monin helped write the propers for the saints of the diocese of Namur in the Tridentine office issued for the diocese by Jean Dauvin as bishop of Namur in 1619. He died 17 September 1624 while serving as spiritual prefect of a Jesuit house in Lille. Works

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018%E2%80%9319_FA_Women%27s_National_League_Cup"}

Football tournament season The 2018–19 FA Women's National League Cup is the 28th running of the competition, which began in 1991. It is the first since a restructure and rebranding of the top four tiers of English football by The Football Association. It is the major League Cup competition run by the FA Women's National League, and for the fifth season it is being run alongside their secondary League Cup competition, the National League Plate. All 72 National League clubs entered at the Determining round, with the winners continuing in the competition and the losers going into the National League Plate tournament. Blackburn Rovers is the reigning champions, having defeated Leicester City Womens 3–1 the previous season. Results All results listed are published by The Football Association. Games are listed by round in chronological order, and then in alphabetical order of the home team where matches were played simultaneously. The division each team play in is indicated in brackets after their name: (S)=Southern Division; (N)=Northern Division; (SW1)=Division One South West; (SE1)=Division One South East; (M1)=Division One Midlands; (N1)=Division One North. Qualifying rounds Determining round The competition begins with a Determining Round, which consisted of all 72 teams in the FA Women's National League being drawn in pairs. The winners of these 36 games progress to the next stage of the competition, while the losers qualify for the 2018–19 FA Women's National League Plate. Actonians (SE1) v Oxford United (S) Barnsley (N1) v Bolton Wanderers (N1) Billericay Town (SE1) v Maidenhead United (SW1) Blackburn Rovers (N) v Liverpool Feds (N1) Buckland Athletic (SW1) v Brislington (SW1) Cambridge United (SE1) v C & K Basildon (S) Chesham United (SW1) v Enfield Town (SE1) Coventry United (S) v Norwich City (SE1) Crawley Wasps (SE1) v Ipswich Town (SE1) Derby County (N) v Bedworth United (M1) Doncaster Rovers Belles (N) v Chorley (N1) Fylde (N) v Burton Albion (M1) Guiseley Vixens (N) v Chester Le Street (N1) Huddersfield Town (N) v Middlesbrough (N) Hull City (N) v Bradford City (N) Larkhall Athletic (SW1) v Keynsham Town (SW1) Long Eaton United (M1) v Norton & Stockton Ancients (N1) Loughborough Foxes (S) v Denham United (SE1) Luton Town (SE1) v Cheltenham Town (SW1) Morecambe (N1) v Sunderland (N) Nettleham (M1) v Birmingham & West Midlands (M1) Plymouth Argyle (S) v Milton Keynes Dons (S) Poole Town (SW1) v Watford (S) Portsmouth (S) v Chichester City (S) Queens Park Rangers (S) v Gillingham (S) Solihull (M1) v Brighouse Town (N1) Southampton Saints (SW1) v AFC Wimbledon (SE1) Sporting Khalsa (M1) v Leeds United (N1) Steel City Wanderers (M1) v Newcastle United (N1) Stevenage (SE1) v Cardiff City (S) Stoke City (N) v Sheffield (N) Swindon Town (SW1) v Leyton Orient (SE1) The New Saints (M1) v Nottingham Forest (N) West Bromwich Albion (M1) v Burnley (N1) Wolverhampton Wanderers (M1) v Crewe Alexandra (N1) St Nicholas (SW1) v Southampton Women's (SW1) Competition proper First round With 36 teams progressing from the determining round, four needed to be eliminated to allow a single-elimination knockout tournament to take place. Twenty eight of the winners from the determining round were given byes to the second round, with eight teams being drawn against each other in first round ties. AFC Wimbledon (SE1) v Buckland Athletic (SW1) Enfield Town (SE1) v Southampton Women's (SW1) Guiseley Vixens (N) v Blackburn Rovers (N) Newcastle United (N1) v Chorley (N1) Second round Billericay Town (SE1) v Chichester City (S) Blackburn Rovers (N) v Fylde (N) Brighouse Town (N1) v Leeds United (N1) Cardiff City (S) v Cheltenham Town (SW1) Derby County (N) v Bolton Wanderers (N1) Huddersfield Town (N) v Burnley (N1) Hull City (N) v Birmingham & West Midlands (M1) Larkhall Athletic (SW1) v AFC Wimbledon (SE1) Nottingham Forest (N) v Chorley (N1) Oxford United (S) v Crawley Wasps (SE1) Queens Park Rangers (S) v Loughborough Foxes (S) Stoke City (N) v Norton & Stockton Ancients (N1) Watford (S) v Coventry United (S) Wolverhampton Wanderers (M1) v Sunderland (N) Cambridge United (SE1) v Leyton Orient (SE1) Southampton Women's (SW1) v Plymouth Argyle (S) Third round AFC Wimbledon (SE1) v Cambridge United (SE1) Blackburn Rovers (N) v Sunderland (N) Cardiff City (S) v Loughborough Foxes (S) Huddersfield Town (N) v Nottingham Forest (N) Stoke City (N) v Leeds United (N1) Plymouth Argyle (S) v Crawley Wasps (SE1) Bolton Wanderers (N1) v Hull City (N) Chichester City (S) v Coventry United (S) Quarter-finals Bolton Wanderers (N1) v Stoke City (N) Loughborough Foxes (S) v AFC Wimbledon (SE1) Coventry United (S) v Crawley Wasps (SE1) Huddersfield Town (N) v Blackburn Rovers (N) Semi-finals 14:00 GMT (UTC+00:00) Sir Tom Finney Stadium, Bamber Bridge 14:00 GMT (UTC+00:00) Tinsley Lane, Crawley Final 14:00 BST (UTC+01:00) Pirelli Stadium, Burton upon Trent Attendance: 227

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christoph_Kammert%C3%B6ns"}

German musicologist Christoph Kammertöns (born 1966) is a German musicologist and music educator. Life Born in Bochum, Kammertöns studied instrumental pedagogy (piano) at the Folkwang University of the Arts as well as musicology, educational science, philosophy and history at the same place, at the University of Duisburg-Essen and at the University of Hagen. With a dissertation on Henri Herz in the mirror of the French music criticism of his time, he was awarded the doctorate in 1999. His musicological interest is directed towards the piano and its music, the distinctive character of the piano as an "instrument of domination", and generally on instrumental and symbolic functions of bourgeois musical culture. In addition, he is concerned with musical-philosophical questions among others on openness and incompleteness, corporeality and performative utterance. Kammertöns is also a teacher of music, education and philosophy. He previously worked, among other things, as a dramaturge for dance at the Luzerner Theater [de] as well as a ballet pianist. Publications (selection)

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The Concert Artists Guild is an American musical institution, based in New York City and established in 1951. It is dedicated to discovering and nurturing musical talent, and helping musicians start careers. It provides scholarships and grants, and also runs the CAG Records label. According to organizer Richard Weinert, “We begin with 350 musicians of any type or sort—vocalists, duos, instrumentalists, worldwide—whittle them down until 12 finalists remain, and from those, usually three or four are selected who have the combination of training, talent, and that extra pizzazz that is needed to have a successful concert career.” The three or four winners are then managed for several years, mentoring them in becoming successful concert musicians. Hedge fund manager and philanthropist Roy Niederhoffer has served as Chairman of the Concert Artists Guild. Winners Winners of the Concert Artists Guild:

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The Commission de Supervision Bancaire et Financière (CSBF), or Commission for the Supervision of Banking and Finance, is a Madagascar government agency that is responsible for directing the course of affairs of banking and finance in Madagascar. Its duties include providing for and supervising the Central Bank of Madagascar. The Commission is defined by a 1995 law: "Loi No 95 - 030 (Law No. 95 -030) Relative to the activity and control of credit establishments".

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_ADAC_Formula_4_Championship"}

2022 ADAC Formula 4 Drivers' champion: Andrea Kimi Antonelli Teams' Champion: Prema Racing Rookies' Champion: Rafael Câmara Previous 2021 Next none Parent series: ADAC GT Masters ADAC support series: ADAC GT4 Germany ADAC TCR Germany Porsche Carrera Cup Germany The 2022 ADAC Formula 4 Championship was the eighth and final season of ADAC Formula 4, an open-wheel motor racing series. It was a multi-event motor racing championship that featured drivers competing in 1.4 litre Tatuus-Abarth single seat race cars that conformed to the technical regulations for the championship. Teams and drivers Race calendar and results The provisional calendar was released on 7 November 2021. The opening two rounds supported the 2022 24H GT Series and the next three raced alongside the 2022 ADAC GT Masters. The finale was a part of ADAC Racing Weekend event. Championship standings Points were awarded to the top 10 classified finishers (excluding guest drivers) in each race. No points were awarded for pole position or fastest lap. The final classifications for the individual championships were obtained by summing up the scores on the 16 best results obtained during the races held. Drivers' Championship Rookies' Championship Teams' Cup Only two best team's drivers in each race were eligible to score points. The other drivers were omitted during rewarding the points.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anandra_pseudovittata"}

Species of beetle Anandra pseudovittata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1961.

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Place in Greece Achinos (Greek: Αχινός) is a village and a former municipality in the Serres regional unit, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Visaltia, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 155.432 km2. Population 2,427 (2011). The seat of the municipality was in Sitochori. Other communities in the municipal unit are Dafni, Zervochori, Lefkotopos, Patrikio and Choumniko. The name Achinos is the Greek word for sea urchins.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribute_(2009_film)"}

American TV series or program Tribute, also known as Nora Roberts' Tribute, is a 2009 television film directed by Martha Coolidge starring Brittany Murphy and Jason Lewis. The film is based on the 2008 Nora Roberts novel of the same name. It is part of the Nora Roberts 2009 movie collection, which also includes Northern Lights, Midnight Bayou, and High Noon. The movie debuted April 11, 2009 on Lifetime. Plot The movie revolves around former child star Cilla McGowan (Murphy), who has found more satisfying work restoring old houses. In search of a normal life, Cilla buys her grandmother's farmhouse in Virginia's Shenandoah Valley, to rescue it from ruin. Cilla's hope for serenity is soon eclipsed by haunting dreams of her famous grandmother, who died of a supposed overdose in the house, more than 30 years before. Cilla soon begins a romantic relationship with Ford Sawyer (Lewis), her handsome neighbor, who ultimately comforts and protects her when her dark dreams and family secrets turn into a real-life nightmare. Cast Production The film was executive produced by Stephanie Germain and Peter Guber, who also executive produced seven other Roberts films for Lifetime in 2007 and 2009. Reception The Movie Scene said the film "is sadly not as good as I hoped and suffers because certain elements of the storyline have been too embellished whilst others have been under explored. It is entertaining but almost in that it borders on the cheesily amusing rather than for being a tight and exciting thriller."

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Species of moth Chilo mesoplagalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1919. It is found in Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Uganda.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Orange_GmbH"}

Woodward L'Orange GmbH is a German engineering manufacturing company headquartered in Stuttgart. It is one of the leading manufacturers[according to whom?] of injection systems for large diesel engines worldwide. It developed and produced the first common-rail system for large diesel engines. Woodward L'Orange is a supplier to engine builders and has been part of Woodward since 2018. Previously the L'Orange GmbH belonged to the Rolls-Royce Power Systems AG. History On 9 September 1933, Rudolf L'Orange, son of Prosper L'Orange, together with his brother Harro, founded the Gebrüder L'Orange Motorzubehör GmbH (L'Orange Brothers Engine Accessories Company) in Stuttgart. Initially, they produced stamps, cylinders, needles and needle guides for injection pumps for aircraft and marine engines. His father had sold his inventions and manufacturing rights to the Robert Bosch AG, and this led to the foundation of the company.[citation needed] In Hamburg, L'Orange founded the Norddeutsche L'Orange GmbH Hamburg subsidiary (North German L'Orange Company Hamburg) to be able to supply the navy with its products. With the advent of new drive technologies, Rudolf L'Orange developed and invented new injection systems, such as the "zweimengendüse" for continuous atomization. Due to the positive response to his products, he was able to open three further operations: in Dresden, in Niederschöneweide near Berlin, and in Dębno in Pomerania. To escape destruction during World War II, the Berlin operation was moved to Glatten in the Black Forest.[citation needed] In 1947, once the war ended, a new start for the young company was planned. Together with Karl Maybach, who used the L'Orange direct current system for its high-speed, lightweight diesel engines for locomotives and ships, the company was successful once again. Around 1950, L'Orange, together with Maybach, developed the pump-nozzle system that soon became indispensable for large diesel engines thanks to the many benefits it delivered. This invention brought L'Orange so much success, that further locations were opened in Munich, Hamburg and Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen.[citation needed] After the death of Rudolf L'Orange in 1958, his widow continued the business until 1978.[citation needed] In 1979, ITT Automotiv took over all the shares of the L'Orange family, then selling them to MTU München in 1985. Soon thereafter, in 1989, the second production plant in Wolfratshausen was inaugurated. In 1995, L'Orange was sold to MTU Friedrichshafen and then in 2006, incorporated into the Tognum Group (Rolls-Royce Power Systems AG since 2014). In 2009, the L'Orange Fuel Injection Trading (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. subsidiary was founded in China. In 2014, L'Orange founded its third production location in Ningbo (China), which was also the first plant to be established outside Germany. In April 2018 Rolls-Royce Power Systems sold the company to its competitor Woodward in the USA. Locations Woodward L'Orange currently has four locations in Germany and two subsidiaries in China – L'Orange Fuel Injection Trading (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. and L'Orange Fuel Injection (Ningbo) Co. Ltd.. Management, development and sales are headquartered in Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen. The first and largest production plant is located in Glatten near Freudenstadt, where the entire product portfolio is manufactured. Injection nozzles are manufactured at the second production site in Wolfratshausen. The Woodward L'Orange service centers are located in Rellingen near Hamburg and Suzhou in China. The third production facility is located in Ningbo in China.

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