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Geoenvironmental assessment of Ariake clay for its potential use as a landfill barrier material | An assessment of the potential use of a typical Japanese marine clay, Ariake clay, as a soil barrier material in landfills was presented. Two types of heavy metals, Cd2+ and Pb2+, were selected as key contaminants for laboratory diffusion test. Using commercially available contaminant transport software, the effective diffusion coefficients and partition coefficients of both Cd2+ and Pb2+ were back-calculated from the results of the diffusion test. The effective diffusion coefficients were found to be consistent with previously published values, indicating that the presented testing method was acceptable. The high retained percentage of Cd2+ and Pb2+ in the Ariake clay specimen indicated that the Ariake clay might be used as a good barrier material in landfills. With the derived effective diffusion coefficients and partition coefficients, the influences of Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the underlying aquifer in an assumed landfill were numerically assessed using the 1D diffusion transport theory. |
Device and method of handling communication operations in a licensed frequency band and an unlicensed frequency band | A communication device for handling communication operations in a licensed frequency band and an unlicensed frequency band comprises a storage unit for storing instructions and a processing means coupled to the storage unit. The instructions comprise performing a first communication operation on a first carrier in a first unlicensed frequency band; receiving a message from a network for indicating the communication device to perform a second communication operation with the network on a second carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band; and switching the first communication operation from the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band to a third carrier in a second unlicensed frequency band. The processing means is configured to execute the instructions stored in the storage unit. |
An asatone-type neolignan and its photocage product | The structures of dimethyl 8,8-dimethoxy-7-oxo-1,4-(1,1-dimethoxy-2-oxoethano)-1,4,4a,7,8,8a-hexahydro-naphthalene-2,4a-diyldiacrylate, C 24 H 28 O 10 , (I), and its photocage product, dimethyl 6,6,12,12-tetramethoxy-5,11-dioxotetracyclo[6.2.2.0 3,10 .0 4,9 ]dodecane-2,9-diyl-diacrylate, C 24 H 28 O 10 , (II), were determined in order to investigate the conformational change caused by the intramolecular [2+2] photoreaction. The high efficiency (70%) of the photoreaction of (I) in a 1,4-dioxane solution is attributed to the fact that two C=C double bonds in (I) can become close and parallel to each other simply by changing the configuration of the cyclohexene ring moiety from an envelope to a sofa form. Compound (I) is much less photoreactive in the solid state than in solution. |
Previously meaningless right maintenance method and system | The invention relates to predictive maintenance of lifting means (102), particularly cranes. A maintenance center (106) automatically collects diagnostic data which relate to at least one component of the remote hoisting equipment, and, optionally, sensor data, relating to the operating environment of the remote hoisting means (102). The maintenance center (106) has access to configuration data of the remote hoisting equipment and the reliability data on the at least one component of the remote lifting device (102). The maintenance center (106) is then able to create a maintenance plan that optimizes the maintenance cost and reliability of the lifting device through a life cycle of the lifting device. |
Slowing light in optical fibres sees fast progress | Slowing down light to produce optical delay lines for communication networks has advanced enormously in the last year. Luc Thevenaz and Miguel Gonzalez-Herraez chart this recent progress and describe the new challenges facing developers of practical devices |
Post Christian Pastoral Care: The Wisdom of Not Knowing | Pastoral caregivers, serving in increasingly multicultural and multifaith settings, wonder if their knowledge about cultural and religious varieties and differences are sufficient for ministering in a pluralistic society. The author answers in the affirmative by privileging a heightened curiosity over additional information as the foundation for a practice that is relevant and sufficient for the Post Christian frontier. The author writes from his experience as a multifaith chaplain on a non-sectarian campus. |
Modelling diesel engines with a variable-geometry turbocharger and exhaust gas recirculation by optimization of model parameters for capturing non-linear system dynamics | A mean-value model of a diesel engine with a variable-geometry turbocharger (VGT) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is developed, parameterized, and validated. The intended model applications are ... |
The Influence of Multiple Micro-cracking on the Electrical Impedance of an Engineered Cementitious Composite | The mechanical and electrical properties of an engineered cementitious composite (ECC) while under tensile loading are presented. Direct tensile tests were conducted on dog-bone shaped ECC samples, with simultaneous mechanical and electrical measurements taken during the loading process. Regarding electrical property measurements, these were recorded at 13 spot frequencies over the frequency range 100 Hz–1 MHz. When presented in Nyquist format, the ECC displayed the typical impedance response comprising a spur at the low-frequency side of the curve and a semi-circular arc at the high-frequency side. It was evident that tensile straining of the dog-bone samples resulted in the entire impedance response being progressively displaced to the right, indicating an overall increase in impedance, and in an increase in the prominence of the bulk arc. The increase in impedance can be attributed to increased damage resulting from micro-cracking. |
Display device, display method, program for the device and the method, and terminal device | Provided is a display device, which detects the proximity state of a display screen and an object on the display screen, on the basis of capacitance detected by means of a capacitance detecting unit configured on the display screen, and corresponding to the proximity state, the display device determines one user interface to control out of a plurality of user interface screens that are displayed in layers on the display screen. |
Support modules and system structure of Web-enabled collaborative environment for design and manufacture | This paper presents the support modules and system structure of a Web-enabled environment (WEE) for collaborative design and manufacture. The WEE provides an effective and efficient way of collaboration between designers, engineers and manufacturers at different locations by integrating necessary design resources, including experts from different domains and their own design tools and applications. Four support modules are described first, which provide functions of remote execution, design data sharing, manufacturing resource access, and product data management. Then, two basic working models of the collaborative environment are presented: the server centralized model suits the administrative tasks, while the point-to-point model is more efficient in other circumstances, such as CAD data exchange and program invocation. A hybrid structure of these two models is implemented in the system development. A hierarchical architecture of naming services is also utilized within the WEE to manage various design re... |
A New Uncertainty Reduction Method for Fuel Fabrication Process with Erbia-Bearing Fuel | A new uncertainty reduction method is proposed to evaluate the prediction accuracy of neutronics characteristics by combining the generalized bias factor method and the cross section adjustment method. The present method is applied to a fuel fabrication process with erbia-bearing fuel. The cross section uncertainty of erbium is improved by means of cross section adjustment using experimental data of the erbia worths. For a blending machine (H/U = 0) used in the fuel fabrication process, the uncertainty reduction, which shows the rate of reduction of uncertainty, of the keff is 0.604 for the present method and 0.555 for the conventional bias factor method. Thus, the prediction uncertainties are reduced by the present method compared with by the bias factor method. |
Collagen chemistry and the brittle bone diseases | Abstract Brittle bone diseases have been recognised for more than 100 years, but the last ten years have seen remarkable advances in our understanding of their causes. There are many defects of collagen that can cause this type of problem. Most of them have a genetic basis, and in some the fundamental defect in the DNA coding for collagen has now been identified. A few brittle bone diseases, notably scurvy and copper deficiency, have a nutritional basis |
Dietary restraint in young adolescent girls: a functional analysis | An investigation of dietary restraint during adolescence was conducted in two phases. First, two school classes of 12- and 14-year-old girls completed a restraint questionnaire. Second, the functional nature of the restraint scores was assessed in 24 girls from each age group using a procedure previously shown to lead to overeating in restrained adults. A wide distribution of restraint scores was found, with restrained individuals present in both age groups. Restraint was found to be functional, predicting higher food consumption in a taste test after imagining eating highly palatable foods. Hunger ratings were elevated by the imagination procedure, although the extent of this increase was similar for both restrained and unrestrained girls. The girls' body weight index was significantly correlated with degree of restraint. The existence and breakdown of restraint at this young age is regarded with concern, particularly in view of the links between dieting and eating disorders. |
[Neuroradiologic aspects of aneurysm-induced subarachnoid hemorrhage and its complications]. | The distribution of aneurysms in 129 patients with subarachnoidal haemorrhage (SAH) (ACA 42%, MCA 27%, ICA 21%, vertebral and basilar artery 10%) differs from the result of large statistics, where aneurysms of the ICA represent the most frequent group. The difference is considered as a consequence of the small statistical group. No differences were found with respect to complications from SAH (angiospasm 24%, infarction 14%, hydrocephalus 18%, second haemorrhage 23%, mortality 20%). The validity of CT and angiography in search for SAH and aneurysm and temporal aspects, correlated with the examination, are discussed. |
Treatment of Neonatal Renovascular Hypertension with Intravenous Enalapril | Hypertension in the neonate is commonly related to renal disease. More specifically, renovascular hypertension in neonates is often associated with the placement of a umbilical artery catheter. Many medications, including angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, have been used in the treatment of neonatal hypertension. Captopril, an ACE inhibitor, is an oral agent that is effective in renovascular hypertension. We describe the use of intravenous enalapril, another ACE inhibitor, in successfully treating severe renovascular hypertension refractory to standard medical therapy in two term neonates. |
Peristaltic Flow of Pseudoplastic Fluid in an Asymmetric Channel | This research is concerned with the peristaltic flow of pseudoplastic fluid. The problem formulation is made and then the solution analysis is presented, subject to a long wavelength and a low Reynolds number. The stream function and pressure gradient have been computed. Pumping and trapping phenomena are analyzed in detail. |
Diurnal hysteresis between soil CO2and soil temperature is controlled by soil water content | [1] Recent years have seen a growing interest in measuring and modeling soil CO2 efflux, as this flux represents a large component of ecosystem respiration and is a key determinant of ecosystem carbon balance. Process-based models of soil CO2 production and efflux, commonly based on soil temperature, are limited by nonlinearities such as the observed diurnal hysteresis between soil CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and temperature. Here we quantify the degree to which hysteresis between soil [CO2] and soil temperature is controlled by soil water content in a montane conifer forest, and how this nonlinearity impacts estimates of soil CO2 efflux. A representative model that does not consider hysteresis overestimated soil CO2 efflux for the entire growing season by 19%. At high levels of soil water content, hysteresis imposes organized, daily variability in the relationship between soil [CO2] and soil temperature, and at low levels of soil water content, hysteresis is minimized. |
Dynamics of kinematic vortices in a mesoscopic superconducting loop | Abstract Using the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau formalism, we study the dynamic properties of a submicron superconducting loop in applied current and in presence of a perpendicular magnetic field. The resistive state of the sample is caused by the motion of kinematic vortex–antivortex pairs. Vortices and antivortices move in opposite directions to each other, perpendicularly to the applied drive, and the periodic creation and annihilation of such pairs results in periodic oscillations of the voltage across the sample. The dynamics of these kinematic pairs is strongly influenced by the applied magnetic field, which for high fields leads to the flow of just vortices. Kinematic vortices can be temporarily pinned inside the loop with observable trace in the voltage vs. time characteristics. |
A Transportation and Production Model with Depot System | In automobile industry, the depot (distribution center) system is utilized to adjust the inventory and to supply the demands to the firm timely. In case of the small lot demands of short delivery cycle and the long distance from the parts manufacturing to the firm, the depot system is very important. In this paper, a model to minimize the sum of costs of holding, inventory and transportation, is proposed to determine the optimal quantities of production and transportation in JTT system. Finally, computational results that verify the effectiveness of the proposed model are demonstrated. |
Legal Responsibility and Liability for the Sillamäe Site | The aim of this paper is to present those international agreements and recommendations which could be applicable to the Sillamae site, to try to analyse the issue of liability and responsibility in the light of international law in general, to say something about national legislation de lege ferenda (how it should be) and to indicate the interaction between legal rules and technical or scientific specifications. |
Enhanced Tunnel Magnetoresistance Effect in an Epitaxial Magnetic Tunnel Junction with a Hybrid γ-Fe2O3/MgO Barrier | We investigated the spin-dependent transport properties of a fully epitaxial Fe/MgO/γ-Fe2O3/Fe(001) magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) with a hybrid MgO/γ-Fe2O3 tunnel barrier, aiming at a high magnetoresistance (MR) ratio through the synergistic effect between the symmetry filtering in the MgO and the spin filtering in the ferrimagnetic γ-Fe2O3. The epitaxial γ-Fe2O3 barrier was formed by the reactive deposition of Fe in an atmosphere of atomic oxygen. The hybrid barrier MTJ exhibited an MR ratio of 270% at 20 K, which exceeded that of a conventional MgO(001)-MTJ (220% at 20 K). Even at room temperature, a relatively high MR ratio of 120% was achieved. |
Oil smoke separator guiding flow in directions of 360 degrees | The utility model discloses an oil smoke separator guiding flow in directions of 360 degrees, which comprises a front plate and a rear plate. A certain spacing distance is reserved between the front plate and the rear plate, the front plate is provided with air inlets, the rear plate is provided with air outlets, and the air inlets and the air outlets are staggered. Protrusions are arranged between the air outlets of the rear plate and are opposite to the air inlets of the front plate, and gaps are reserved between the protrusions and the air inlets. Compared with the prior art, the oil smoke separator guiding the flow in the directions of 360 degrees enables an air flow channel to be smooth and is small in air resistance and noise and good in oil smoke separation effect. |
A novel method to obtain a petroleum-derived mesophase pitch suitable as carbon fibre precursor | This paper studies a novel method for the preparation of mesophase pitches suitable as carbon fibre precursors. A series of thermally treated petroleum pitches with mesophase contents ranging from 10.8 to 52.2 vol.% was obtained from pitch A-240. Separation of the phases was initially attempted by hot filtration, a suitable method for separating the phases in thermally treated coal-tar pitches. Although filtration failed for the petroleum samples, the behaviour observed led to the development of a new separation method that consists in the sedimentation of the mesophase. This method, after optimisation, yielded pitches with mesophase contents up to 97 vol.%, which were easily spun into carbon fibres of reasonable mechanical properties. |
Influence of acetaminophen on antipyrine kinetics in rats. | Studies have suggested that acetaminophen may inhibit the liver metabolism of several drugs. Due to the expected clinical relevance of these findings, the present study was undertaken to examine acetaminophen effects on in vivo drug metabolism in the rat, using the model substrate antipyrine. Oral doses of 15 mg/kg acetaminophen were administered twice daily for 7 days. Antipyrine kinetics were determined before and immediately after acetaminophen treatment in rats (used as their own control). Acetaminophen treatment significantly increased antipyrine half-life by 29% and reduced its clearance by 24%, without affecting its volume of distribution. Further studies are warranted to determine the relevance and mechanism of these findings. |
Current situation and trends of indoor visible light communication in our country | The integration of indoor lighting and communications can be realized by using the rapid modulation characteristic of LED lights. The current key problems to the practical use of VLC are further ascension of system capacity, network integration and setup of standards. A method of space-time coding based MIMO-VLC system structure is provided here to ascend the capacity and mitigate multipath interferences as well. |
Reduction of cavity-to-cavity power/ground noise coupling through plane cutout in multilayer PCBs | Power/ground noise excited in a plane cavity can be coupled to a neighboring plane cavity through a cutout. The coupled noise is substantial at the cavity resonance. The paper addresses a method of reducing the coupled noise through a cutout based on simulation and measurement. We demonstrated that the coupled noise can be suppressed by placing ports (devices) at the proper locations or designing the size of the plane cavity carefully. |
HAKEKAT KEPRIBADIAN DALAM PSIKOLOGI ISLAM | This article discusses about the man as God's creation that is perfect when compared with his inventions to the other. Man given by the God of reason and passions as well as qalbu. However, if a human is dominating his, then he will be human evil. Meanwhile, in which dominate it is reasonable then he will be somebody who is unstable. In the human it is the dominating qalbu, all other components will be easily controlled so created is a kindness or tranquility . |
On the concept of transition period in hydrogen energy development | Abstract The concept of a transition period in the development of hydrogen energy, including the application of the proven methods for hydrogen production from natural gas on a limited scale, has been considered. The concept realization may decrease CO2 output into the atmosphere appreciably. |
Modeling of the charge transfer afterglow excited by intense electrical discharges in high pressure helium nitrogen mixtures | In this work, we report the study of bimolecular and termolecular charge transfer and Penning ionization reactions in He–N2 mixtures excited by repetitive 3 kA, 7 ns duration discharges. He(2 3S) destruction frequencies have been determined from measurements of the optical absorption of the 2 3S→3 3P helium transition and were found to correlate with the late‐time decay rate of the N2+(B 2Σu→X 2Σg) fluorescence. The much more intense early‐time fluorescence was ascribed to charge transfer from He2+. The values found for the bimolecular and termolecular charge transfer reactions were, respectively, (1.1±0.1)×10−9 cm3 s−1 and (1.36±0.20)×10−29 cm6 s−1, while the corresponding values for the Penning reactions were (7.6±0.4)×10−11 cm3 s−1 and (3.3±0.3)×10−30 cm6 s−1. Branching ratios for producing the N2+(B 2Σu) state in these reactions are discussed. A comprehensive kinetic model of the He–N2 afterglow has been formulated which was able to reproduce all the experimental data obtained as functions of helium p... |
Measure Selection in Multi-similarity XML Applications | Many XML-based information systems that must handle highly heterogeneous information require multiple similarity measures. Until now, little guidance exists for the design of application-dependent measures in such systems. This paper contributes a four-step methodology that guides the development of multi-similarity systems, and shows its usefulness with a use case. The experiments show that the methodology can benefit from appropriate tools (test collection generators, query systems, assessment criteria), thus achieving significant reductions in the complexity of the design process. |
A digital demodulator based on the recursive Gauss-Newton method for electrical tomography | In the paper, a digital demodulator based on the recursive Gauss-Newton method is proposed for Electrical Tomography. The digital demodulator can track the amplitude and phase of a noisy sinusoidal signal with known frequency directly. Compared with the traditional digital multiplication demodulation method, the proposed demodulator is more flexible. It is implemented in a recursive way and only part of a full period is required for demodulation. Therefore, the trade-off between the speed and precision can be made by using the proposed demodulator. The proposed demodulator was implemented in the software and possessed low computational complexity. Numerical simulation was carried out to prove its feasibility. The parameters in the demodulator were optimized. |
Preparation of New Solid Bases Derived from Supported Metal Nitrates and Carbonates | A highly basic solid catalyst was obtained by dispersing nitrates or carbonates of alkali metals such as KNO3, CsCO3 over alumina and zirconia at the surface density of 10-15 × 1018 cations m-2 and heating them at 773-873 K in an inert atmosphere. The temperature is far below the decomposition temperatures of the nitrates and the carbonates. Based on the temperature-programmed decomposition (TPD) experiments, two types of decomposition process are suggested; a bulk decomposition and an anion decomposition. Generation of a strong basicity relates to the anion decomposition. The basic center may be composed of the oxygen anions liberated from the decomposition of the nitrate or carbonate anions that are dissociatively adsorbed on the support surface during the preparation. These catalysts effectively catalyzed the double bond isomerization of aliphatic hydrocarbons and bicyclic hydrocarbons at moderate temperature. |
Empirical analysis of the factors affecting rural women′s behavior of sci-tech adoption in South Fujian | Based on the on-the-spot investigation and research into the rural women in Xiamen,Zhangzhou,Quanzhou,three cities in South Fujian,this article analyzes the factors affecting rural women′s participation in the promotion and adoption of agricultural technology by making the multiple regression analysis by means of the DPS numeral statistics software,creates the multi-dimensional regression equation,obtains the interference values of characteristics variables.In the end it comes up with countermeasures and suggestions in view of the problems arising from rural women′s adoption of new agricultural technology. |
Tongue Image Segmentation Based on Fuzzy Rough Sets | The paper studied a new theory of fuzzy rough sets, and presented a method to segment tongue image. It presented an algorithm of Fuzzy Rough Clustering Based on Grid by the theory. The algorithm extracts condensation points by the theory of fuzzy rough sets, and quarters the data space layer by layer, and softens the edge of the dense block by drawing condensation points in the borders. The algorithm has been put into use in tongue image segmentation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The application result indicated: The algorithm avoided segmenting image excessively and speeded up segmentation velocity by fuzzy grid dividing. |
The minimum sum representation as an index of voting power | We propose a new power index based on the minimum sum representation (MSR) of a weighted voting game. The MSR offers a redesign of a voting game, such that voting power as measured by the MSR index becomes proportional to voting weight. The MSR index is a coherent measure of power that is ordinally equivalent to the Banzhaf, Shapley–Shubik and Johnston indices. We provide a characterization for a bicameral meet as a weighted game or a complete game, and show that the MSR index is immune to the bicameral meet paradox. We discuss the computation of the MSR index using a linear integer program and the inverse MSR problem of designing a weighted voting game with a given distribution of power. |
A research-informed model for corporate social responsibility: towards accountability to impacted stakeholders | An Australian case study is presented of an ongoing conflict between Alcoa World Alumina, a multi-national mining company and the impacted stakeholders of Yarloop, a small rural community in Western Australia. The conflict has been subject to research by the author since the early 2000s and is the impetus for developing a model for corporate social responsibility (CSR). The model emphasises engaging impacted stakeholders in dialogue with powerful stakeholders to achieve social justice. This involves a three way set of relationships with key people in leadership positions from the relevant government departments, the corporation’s management group and the impacted stakeholders. |
On Reichenbach’s argument for scientific realism | The aim of this paper is to articulate, discuss in detail and criticise Reichenbach’s sophisticated and complex argument for scientific realism. Reichenbach’s argument has two parts. The first part aims to show how there can be reasonable belief in unobservable entities, though the truth of claims about them is not given directly in experience. The second part aims to extent the argument of the first part to the case of realism about the external world, conceived of as a world of independently existing entities distinct from sensations. It is argued that the success of the first part depends on a change of perspective, where unobservable entities are viewed as projective complexes vis-a-vis their observable symptoms, or effects. It is also argued that there is an essential difference between the two parts of the argument, which Reichenbach comes (somewhat reluctantly) to accept. |
On exact solutions to partial differential equations by the modified homotopy perturbation method | Based on the modified homotopy perturbation method (MHPM), exact solutions of certain partial differential equations are constructed by separation of variables and choosing the finite terms of a series in p as exact solutions. Under suitable initial conditions, the PDE is transformed into an ODE. Some illustrative examples reveal the efficiency of the proposed method. |
Electron microscopic study of the muscle changes in diabetic amyotrophy | Seven cases of diabetic amyotrophy were investigated by histochemistry and electron microscopy of biopsied muscles. Type II fibre atrophy of various grades was observed in the proximal atrophic muscles. Various changes of Z-band were observed in type II atrophic muscle fibres. In addition, mitochondrial changes, accumulation of glycogen, thickening of the capillary basement membrane and changes in the intramuscular nerves were also observed, both in the proximal and distal muscles. Some impaired motoneuron innervation of proximal muscles as well as distal muscles in a poorly controlled diabetic condition is suspected in “diabetic amyotrophy”. |
Effects of Tillage Practices on Soil Organic Carbon Distribution and Mineralization in Aggregates of a Brookston Clay Loam Soil | A Brookston clay loam in Southwest Ontario,Canada was selected to analyze impacts of no-till(NT),mouldboard plough(MP) tillage and continuous bluegrass(BG) on the distribution and stability of soil organic carbon(SOC) in two aggregates sizes(0.25~0.5 mm,1~2 mm).Results showed that BG soil contained more SOC relative to MP and NT soils and the SOC was more labile in the former than in the later.Compared with MP soil,NT soil contained more SOC in aggregates,and SOC in 1~2 mm than in 0.25~0.5 mm aggregate.In addition,SOC was more labile in NT than MP soils.The stability of SOC in aggregates varied with tillage practices,with no difference between two classes of aggregates in NT soil and more labile in 0.25~0.5 mm than in 1~2 mm aggregate for MP soil. |
PRINCIPALS’ ROLE IN PROMOTING USE AND INTEGRATION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN WARENG SUB-COUNTY, KENYA | This thesis is my original work and has not been presented in any other college or university for the award of a degree. Information obtained from other sources has been appropriately acknowledged. |
Test on scouring around the pier for Jiangsu LNG project | Taking natural sand as model sand and using series scale model,the scouring around the foundation of the Land-island jetty of Jiangsu LNG Loading Station is tested under the interaction of irregular wave and tide current.The series scales include 1∶10,1∶20 and 1∶40.The test combinations mean normal combination and large wave combination.Under the interaction of mormal wave and tide current,the maximum scouring depth around the pier is 5.10 m.And under the wave apperring once fifty years,the cumulated scouring depth around pier is 5.60 m. |
Implementation of Net Stage Parted Manage by ASP and SQL Server | Aiming at net stage updated difficulty and high overhead expenses,this article brings forward the net stage parted management,and describes how to actualize it by ASP and SQL Server.The program in this text was used under Windows 98 operating system and IE 5 0 browser and SQL Server 2000 database. |
Diagnostic Criteria for the Characterization of Electrode Reactions with Chemical Reactions Following Electron Transfer by Cyclic Square Wave Voltammetry | Abstract Theory for cyclic square wave voltammetry of electrode reactions with coupled chemical reactions following the electron transfer is presented. Theoretical voltammograms were calculated following systematic variation of empirical parameters to assess their impact on the shape of the voltammogram. From the trends obtained, diagnostic criteria for this mechanism were deduced. When properly applied, these criteria will enable non-experts in voltammetry to assign the electrode reaction mechanism and accurately measure reaction kinetics. |
African Music: Traditional and Contemporary | It is customary in the Western world for people to use the term African music as if it were a single clearly identifiable phenomenon. Yet when one considers the size of the continent (the second largest in the world), the enormous differences in climate and terrain producing contrasting ways of life across the land mass, and, above all, its extreme multilingualism (more than 1800 different languages constituting a third of the worlds languages), one should not be surprised at the diversity of music and the difficulty of isolating distinctly African features common to the whole continent. Besides, the study of its music did not proceed everywhere with equal thoroughness, insight or purpose. This new and important book is an overview of music in Africa. |
Cu-based and WOx-based resistive switching memories (ReRAMs) for embedded and stand-alone applications | Two types of ReRAM are investigated. The first is a CB-ReRAM (conducting bridge ReRAM) that uses metallic ions to form the bridge. This type of device is known to be unstable because the conducting bridge tends to self-destruct. By adding a buffer layer between the electrode and the electrolyte, the retention of the Cu-based CB-ReRAM is greatly improved while the superior electrical performance is preserved. The second is a TMO (transition metal oxide) type ReRAM. The WO X -based TMO ReRAM is very simple and easily integrated, and shows excellent electrical properties for NVM applications. The mechanism of switching and conducting are also investigated in detail. |
A note on parallelizable dynamical systems | Hajek [ 3 ] showed that a dynamical system on a Tychonoff space with paracompact orbit space is parallelizable if and only if its corresponding bundle is a locally trivial fiber bundle with fiber \begin{document}$\mathbb{R}$\end{document} . The present paper provides an enhancement for this classical theorem by omitting all topological hypotheses. |
Instance-based learning: a general model of repeated binary choice | A common practice in cognitive modeling is to develop new models specific to each particular task. We question this approach and draw on an existing theory, instance-based learning theory (IBLT), to explain learning behavior in three different choice tasks. The same instance-based learning model generalizes accurately to choices in a repeated binary choice task, in a probability learning task, and in a repeated binary choice task within a changing environment. We assert that, although the three tasks are different, the source of learning is equivalent and therefore, the cognitive process elicited should be captured by one single model. This evidence supports previous findings that instance-based learning is a robust learning process that is triggered in a wide range of tasks from the simple repeated choice tasks to the most dynamic decision making tasks. Copyright # 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
Increase of fetal hemoglobin and loss of blood group antigen B in a patient with leukemia. | An 8-year-old girl with myelocytic leukemia was found to have blood group B by detection of B agglutinogen and anti-A agglutinin, agglutinin absorption test, elution test and family studies, but her red cells not agglutinated by anti-B serum amounted to 83% in the peripheral and bone marrow blood, and the red cells failed to react with anti-H. By the microprecipitation method, HbF-cells were found to occupy 79.8% of the whole red cells and 87.9% of the non-agglutinated red cells at the first examination. Thirty-seven days later, fetal hemoglobin containing red cells were 78.1% of the whole red cells, 87.1% of the non-agglutinated red cells, 58.2% of the agglutinated ones and 88.8% of the non-agglutinated red cells treated with bromelin. The quantity of HbF tested by the alkali denaturation method amounted to 54.8% of the non-agglutinated and 28.8% of the agglutinated red cells. HbF components were increased and carbonic anhydrase was reduced to a low level in the patient's blood. |
Prudential, Hong Kong - WeSellHolidays | Boasting an ideal location in one of the beautiful corners of Hong Kong, the Prudential Hotel is just the place to make your vacation a memorable one. Location Nestled on full of city life Nathan Road, the Prudential Hotel Hong Kong is atop of Jordan.. |
Optical scanning treatment equipment | The invention provides optical scanning treatment equipment. The optical scanning treatment equipment comprises a treatment support, a treatment head, a driving motor and a controller, wherein the treatment support is at least provided with a perpendicular treatment support, the treatment head is arranged on the perpendicular treatment support and is perpendicular to the perpendicular treatment support, the driving motor is arranged on the treatment support and connected with the treatment head, and the controller is at least connected to the driving motor and used for driving the treatment head to transversely and longitudinally move on the perpendicular treatment support. The treatment equipment has large spots, the operation difficulty of a doctor is relieved, and the treatment time of a patient is shortened. |
Enhanced Antitumor Immunity Using a Tumor Cell Lysate-Encapsulated CO2-Generating Liposomal Carrier System and Photothermal Irradiation | Dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer immunotherapies have been studied extensively. In cancer immunotherapy, the initial key step is the delivery of tumor-specific antigens, leading to the maturation and activation of DCs. To promote effective antigen delivery, liposome-based delivery systems for tumor-specific antigens have been investigated, and although promising, a triggered release of the antigen from the liposome is required to attain an optimum immune response. In this study, we developed CO2-bubble-generating thermosensitive liposomes (BG-TSLs) that encapsulate whole tumor cell lysates (TCLs). The release of the lysate from BG-TSLs can be triggered using near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. We also developed BG-TSLs able to encapsulate doxorubicin (DOX) for combination therapy. The DOX-BG-TSLs and TCL-BG-TSLs have a mean particle size of 114.17 ± 8.28 nm and 123.8 ± 10.2 nm and a surface charge of −22.56 ± 1.3 mV and −28.9 ± 0.8 mV, respectively. CO2 bubble generation within TCL-BG-TSLs and DOX-BG-TSLs by... |
Fast high-throughput method for the determination of acidity constants by capillary electrophoresis: I. Monoprotic weak acids and bases. | A new and fast method to determine acidity constants of monoprotic weak acids and bases by capillary zone electrophoresis based on the use of an internal standard (compound of similar nature and acidity constant as the analyte) has been developed. This method requires only two electrophoretic runs for the determination of an acidity constant: a first one at a pH where both analyte and internal standard are totally ionized, and a second one at another pH where both are partially ionized. Furthermore, the method is not pH dependent, so an accurate measure of the pH of the buffer solutions is not needed. The acidity constants of several phenols and amines have been measured using internal standards of known pK(a), obtaining a mean deviation of 0.05 pH units compared to the literature values. |
Biochemical and histological studies on H2-receptor antagonist ranitidine-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. | This study was designed to investigate the hepatotoxicity of ranitidine treatment in dose levels of 10, 30, and 50 mg/kg b.wt. for 3 weeks period in male rats. The results showed some adverse changes in rats treated with either 10 or 30 mg/kg. Treatment with dose of 50 mg/kg produced marked increase in the activity of both acid phosphatase in liver and aspartate aminotransferase in serum and liver, with a tendency for increase in serum alanine aminotransferase activity. Also, a significant decrease in the serum activity of both amylase and alkaline phosphatase was noted. Microscopic examination of livers of the same animals revealed absence of some hepatic cells, pyknotic nuclei, dilatation of blood sinusoids, binucleated cells, and infiltration of lymphocytes. These biochemical and histological changes indicate that ranitidine when given chronically in high dose could produce hepatotoxicity in rats. |
A new genus and species of commensal scaleworm (Polychaeta: Polynoidae) from Broome, Western Australia | A new genus and species Capitulatinoe cupisetis gen. et sp.nov. from Broome, Western Australia is described. The new species is commensal, living in the ambulacral grooves of a starfish, Astropecten granulatus Muller and Troschel, 1842. |
Effect of daily oral minodronate on vertebral fractures in Japanese postmenopausal women with established osteoporosis: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study | Summary ::: A randomized placebo-controlled trial was conducted to examine the effect of daily oral 1 mg minodronate on vertebral fractures in 704 postmenopausal women with established osteoporosis for 24 months. Minodronate treatment reduced vertebral fractures by 59% without serious adverse events. Minodronate is a safe and effective bisphosphonate for osteoporosis treatment. |
Watermark-adding System on Network Printer Server | This paper discusses the method of adding a watermark for a print page on the network printer server side based on postscript document structure convention, and resolves the problem of how to determine the watermark's orientation and coordinate. An implementation framework of the watermark-adding system is shown at the end of this paper. The application of this system in a product of network printer sever is satisfying. |
Frustrated by Chronic Fatigue?: Try This Systematic Approach | In brief When active patients relate brief chronic fatigue, three basic questions must be answered: Is there an underlying medical or psychiatric disorder? Could the fatigue be from overtraining or a sleep disturbance? Does the patient have chronic fatigue syndrome or the far more common idiopathic chronic fatigue? Answers may come from sensitive history-taking and targeted physical and laboratory exams. And the patient must play an active role in treatment, which includes reassurance, stress relief, and regular exercise. |
Research review Study and application of monoclonal antibodies against herpes simplex virus | The results of research work completed in recent years in the authors’ laboratory withmonoclonal antibodies (McAbs) against herpes simplex virus (HSV) are reported in this paper as fol-lows.(1) Eighteen hybridoma cell lines steadily producing McAbs against HSV were established byhybridoma technic.(2) The mechanisms of neutralization in vitro and animal protection in vivo medi-ated by different McAbs were investigated.(3) A method of detecting virus antigua was developedwith the McAbs.(4) Tne isolates of virus were typed and antigenically analysed by type-specificand type-common McAbs.(5) HSV antigen in clinical spectimens was detected and directly typed byan ELISA method coating with type-specific and type-common McAb.(6) The target antigens ofMcAbs were identified,purified,and their genes were localized.(7) Experimental rabbitHSV keratitis was treated with McAbs. |
A Research on Guangdong's Industrial Export Competitive Advantage | This paper makes an empirical analysis through the industrial competitive advantage index and intra-industry trade index to explore the change of Guangdong's industrial competitiveness.It shows that the overall industrial competitive advantage has been improved much,and the labor-intensive products still have distinctly strong competitiveness.Guangdong has now been in low position of the global industrial chain,the tech and capital intensive products including machinery and equipment,material high-tech products are comparatively lagging behind the requirement of heavy industry,which hinders the industrial upgrading.So some suggestions have been put forward to improve the situation at the end of the paper. |
Dietary vitamin D3 at 50x the adequate intake increases apoptosis in the quadriceps of the female G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a pilot study | BackgroundWe previously showed that dietary vitamin D3 (D3) at 50x the adequate intake (AI) increased functional capacity in the transgenic G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), with females exhibiting signs of D3 toxicity. ALS is a fatal neuromuscular disease characterized by death of motor neurons in the CNS, muscle weakness and paralysis. ObjectiveIn this pilot study, we analyzed the quadriceps of G93A mice following dietary D3 supplementation at 50x the AI for contractile proteins (α-actin; troponin C, trop C), inflammation (IL-6), cell stress response (Hsp70), mitochondrial efficiency (UCP3) and apoptosis (CASP3 cleaved/pro ratio), mechanisms contributing to ALS pathology. MethodsStarting at age 25 d, 41 G93A mice were provided food ad libitum with either adequate (AI; 1 IU D3/g feed; 12 M, 11 F) or high (HiD; 50 IU D3/g feed; 10 M, 8 F) D3. At age 113 d, the quadriceps were analyzed for protein content. Differences were considered significant at P ≤ 0.10. ResultsIn females, HiD ha... |
Rehabilitation following acquired brain injury: concise guidance. | The national clinical guidelines for Rehabilitation following acquired brain injury were developed by a multidisciplinary working party convened by the British Society of Rehabilitation Medicine, and are published in collaboration with the Royal College of Physicians (2003). They have been produced to complement the National Institute of Clinical Excellence head injury guidelines, and to address the medium- to longer-term needs of patients with acquired brain injury and of their families/carers. This article serves as an introduction to make physicians aware of the guidelines, and to highlight in particular the advice to doctors in the acute services regarding early discharge and referral to rehabilitation. |
The Impact of an Emerging Technology on the Early Buyer-Seller Relationship | The purpose of this study is to generate propositions about the developing business-to-business buyer-seller relationship in an emerging technology market. The role of the technology buyer and seller at an evaluative, exploration phase of their nascent relationship has been explored. A conceptual framework of the exploration phase has been developed with descriptive constructs. The study’s methodology focuses on a multiple-site field study of buyer and seller organizations in the health care field. The study results in propositions and new theoretical insights into early relationship development when an emerging technology is present in the marketplace. |
TRACER STUDIES ON CALCIUM AND STRONTIUM MINERALIZATION AND MINERAL CYCLING IN TWO SPECIES OF FORAMINIFERA, ROSALINA LEE1 AND | Mineral cycling in the calcareous foraminifera Rosaa Va specific activity - 160 i =S specific activity - 95 i a2p specific activity - 2.03 mCi/g ). Although 14C was a good indicator of growth during the first 3 weeks, its usefulness declined as the cultures aged. Some "Ca and O'Sr was adsorbed to dead tests. Both foraminifera were de- calcified by treatment with 0.01% Na2EDTA in seawater at pH 8.1. Recalcification and growth took place when individuals were returned to control media. Ten to 0.1 PM 2-acetyl- amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5sulfonamide (Diamox) inhibited Ca but not Sr incorporation into the test. Calcium and strontium were tightly bound to foraminiferan shells and under condi- tions of alkaline pH and low hydrostatic pressure these did not exchange with environmental ions. |
Properties of lanthanum strontium cobaltites La/sub 1-x/Sr/sub x/CoO/sub 3-delta/ as materials for cathodes of gas-discharge instruments | The operational efficiency and the length of the service life of CO/sub 2/ lasers are determined to a great extent by the constancy of the composition of the gaseous working medium (CO/sub 2/, N/sub 2/, He), the components of which are degraded under discharge conditions to form oxides of carbon (CO) and nitrogen (NO). In order to retard this process special methods are employed to regenerate the gaseous medium by using various catalysts. The purpose of this investigation was to study the electrical conductivity and electron emission properties as well as the oxygen nonstoichiometry of the lanthanum strontium cobaltite La/sub 0.7/Sr/sub 0.3/CoO/sub 3-delta/. This composition was chosen from the considerations that according to literature data it should possess optimum catalytic activity and electrical conductivity. |
Genomic comparison of Salmonella typhimurium DT104 with non-DT104 strains | DT104 emerged as a new branch of Salmonella typhimurium with resistance to multiple antimicrobials. To reveal some general genomic features of DT104 for clues of evolutionary events possibly associated with the emergence of this relatively new type of this pathogen, we mapped 11 independent DT104 strains and compared them with non-DT104 S. typhimurium strains. We found that all 11 DT104 strains contained three insertions absent in non-DT104 strains, i.e., the previously reported ST104, ST104B and ST64B. However, SGI-1, a genomic island known to be responsible for DT104 multidrug resistance, was not present in all DT104 strains examined in this study: one DT104 strain did not contain SGI-1 but carried a 144 kb plasmid, suggesting possible evolutionary relationships between the two DNA elements in the development of antimicrobial resistance. |
REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS FROM AQEOUS SOLUTION BY CARROT RESIDUES | The removal of copper (II), zinc (II), and chromium (III) from wastewater by carrot residues (CR) was investigated to evaluate cation exchange capacity. The effects of solution pH and coions were studied in batch experiments. Adsorption equilibria were initially rapidly established, and then decreased markedly after 10 min. Column experiments were carried out in a glass column filled with CR to evaluate the metal removal capacity. The influences of the feed concentration and feed rate were also studied in order to compare the dynamic capacity for metal binding in different feed concentrations. |
Conditions affecting the colorimetry of orotic acid and orotidine in urine. | We studied conditions affecting a colorimetric assay of total orotic acid (orotic acid plus orotidine) in urine. Most interfering substances can be conveniently removed on a small column of cation-exchange resin, and an improved control reaction corrects for residual background color. Analytical recovery from urine is nearly complete (greater than 95%) and the absorption spectrum for analyte eluted from the column closely resembles that for an orotic acid standard. We determined reference intervals for total orotic acid, expressed as a molar ratio to creatinine, for neonates, children, and adults, and assessed the effect of age, protein intake, and pregnancy. The method is simple enough to use as a reliable and accurate urine-screening test. |
Depression, Stress, Quality of Life, and Dry Eye Disease in Korean Women: A Population-Based Study. | Purpose:To determine the relationship between dry eye disease (DED) and depressive symptoms in a nationally representative sample of Korean women.Methods:This population-based cross-sectional study comprised 6655 women (aged 19 years or older) participating in the fifth annual Korea National Health |
New β- amyloid inhibitors, use as their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions | The present invention is of general formula (I) compound: [Formula 1] (Wherein the groups |
Shade structure with a flexible shading structure and manufacturing method thereof | Shade structure with a flexible shading structure Such a shade structure with at least one applied to the surface of the shade fabric stiffening band is known. According to the invention, the stiffening band is applied to the surface of the shade structure by means of a double-sided adhesive tape, wherein the double-sided adhesive tape on both sides having an adhesive layer and is disposed between the reinforcing tape and the surface of the shade structure. Use in passenger cars |
EFFECT OF DIETARY CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS LEVELS ON PERFORMANCE, BONE BENDING MOMENT AND THE SEVERITY OF OSTEOCHONDROSIS AND LAMENESS IN BOARS AND GILTS SLAUGHTERED AT 100 OR 130 KG BODY WEIGHT | Ninety-six crossbred gilts and 96 crossbred boars averaging 20 kg were assigned to a factorial arrangement of three dietary calcium-phosphorus (Ca-P) levels and two slaughter weights (100 or 130 kg). The Ca-P regimens were based on (1) National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council (NAS-NRC)(1979), (2) Agricultural Research Council (ARC) (1981) and (3) 130% of ARC (1981) recommendations for grower and finisher swine. All pigs were fed ad libitum grower diets (0.60–0.50, 0.81–0.63, 1.05–0.82% Ca-P) from 20 to 55 kg and finisher diets (0.50–0.40, 0.72–0.54, 0.94–0.70% Ca-P) to 100 kg or 130 kg liveweight. At 100 kg liveweight 16 boars and 16 gilts from each of the Ca-P treatment groups were selected at random and slaughtered. The remaining pigs within each Ca-P group were allowed feed ad libitum or at 70% of ad libitum from 100 kg until slaughter at 130 kg. There was no significant effect of the three respective dietary Ca-P regimens on average daily gain, average daily feed intake, or feed/gain rat... |
Annulonemertes (phylum Nemertea): when segments do not count | We estimated the phylogenetic position of the pseudosegmented ribbon worm Annulonemertes minusculus to test proposed evolutionary hypotheses to explain these body constrictions. The analysis is based on 18S rDNA sequences and shows that the species belongs to an apomorphic clade of hoplonemertean species. The segmentation has no phylogenetic bearing as previously discussed, but is a derived character probably coupled to the species' interstitial habitat. |
On the Relationship Between Income Margin & Wealth Margin | The problem of income margin belongs to economics ,a nd is determined by the benefit of production elements and the distribution method s.Wealth margin is a social problem,and is mainly determined by social system. Under market economy,income margin directly causes wealth margin.But,at present stage of our country,the relation of the two is comparitively complicated. |
The influence of interface exchange coupling on the demagnetization process for perpendicularly oriented FePt/α-Fe/FePt trilayers | The influence of the interface exchange coupling on the magnetization reversal process for a FePt/α-Fe/FePt tri-layer structure has been studied through a micromagnetic approach. The analytical formula of the nucleation field has been derived. It is found that the nucleation field increases as the interface coupling constant rises. Especially when the thickness of the soft layer is small, the influence of the exchange coupling on the nucleation field is significant. The angular distributions of the magnetization for various exchange coupling constants have been obtained by numerical calculation. It is found that the angular distribution of the magnetization is discontinuous at the interface of the hard and soft layers. In the meantime, the pinning field decreases with the increase of the thickness of the soft layer and the exchange coupling constant. |
Use of fillers in dark skin has nuances | New York -While the use of fillers in skin of color does not differ too much from the use of fillers in people with lighter skin, there are a couple of very important points for dermatologists to consider, Derek H. Jones, M.D., said at the annual meeting of The Skin of Color Center, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York. |
Therapists' Contacts With Family Members of Persons With Severe Mental Illness in a Community Treatment Program | Thirty-six therapists at an urban community mental health center responded to a survey about contacts with family members of 214 clients with serious mental illness. For 61 percent of the clients, the therapists reported at least one past-year contact with a family member or someone acting as a family member. Contacts were typically by telephone and often took place during crises. The focus was on problem solving rather than on providing family therapy. Therapists perceived significant benefit from the contacts, which were achieved with little effort on their part. The results suggest that informal—and perhaps nonbillable—brief services to families are common. Such informal services fall short of recommended best-practice standards. |
A Bibliometric Analysis on Chinese Knowledge Organizations | By using the statistical method and bibliometric method,and taking the literatures in the knowledge organizations' research field published by China in period of 1989-2004,this paper makes quantitative analysis on the literature amount,publishing time,authors,institutions,periodicals distribution,and subject contents,etc. |
Novel technique to predict dry-band arcing failure of fiber-optic cables installed on high voltage lines | Utilities frequently use ADSS (all dielectric self-supporting) fiber-optic cables installed on transmission lines. Dry-band arcing occurs on the fiber-optic cables when they are polluted and wet. The objective of this paper is to present a technique to predict dry-band arcing in fiber-optic cables. An equivalent circuit is used to represent the polluted fiber-optic cable. The effect of pollution levels on voltage and current distribution along the fiber-optic cable is analyzed. The longitudinal field and power loss distribution along the fiber-optic cable is analyzed. It is shown that for heavy pollution levels, the space potential can be exceeded. The effect of span length on voltage and current is analyzed. The effect of sag on the space potential is analyzed. This model can be used by utilities to predict dry-band arcing in fiber-optic cables installed on transmission lines. |
Principal Stratification and Attribution Prohibition: Good Ideas Taken Too Far | Pearl’s article provides a useful springboard for discussing further the benefits and drawbacks of principal stratification and the associated discomfort with attributing effects to post-treatment variables. The basic insights of the approach are important: pay close attention to modification of treatment effects by variables not observable before treatment decisions are made, and be careful in attributing effects to variables when counterfactuals are ill-defined. These insights have often been taken too far in many areas of application of the approach, including instrumental variables, censoring by death, and surrogate outcomes. A novel finding is that the usual principal stratification estimand in the setting of censoring by death is by itself of little practical value in estimating intervention effects. |
Lange coupler design for Si-ICs up to 170GHz in 0.13um SiGe BiCMOS | A design approach of Lange coupler for Si-substrate monolithic microwave integrated circuits is presented for frequency range up to 170GHz. A combination of odd- and even-mode impedance theory and 3D EM simulation is proposed to improve the performance of lange coupler. The value of the even number of the strip lines is determined based on the even-mode impedance calculation according to the process design rule in this work. Test structures have been fabricated in a 0.13um SiGe technology. Measured result is in quite good agreement with simulated result. |
Further experiments on photosynthesis and translocation in wheat | SUMMARY ::: ::: A model is deveolped relating photosynthesis taking place in successive layers of the canopy of a wheat crop to the intensity of the radiation incident on the crop, the elevation of the sun, and to the angle to the horizontal and photosynthetic area of ears, leaves and leaf sheaths. The validity of the model is tested by comparing the rate of photosynthesis, pattern of translocation and solid geometry of a semi-dwarff wheat (TL 365a/25) with those of a variety of conventional height (Cappelle-Deprez). The model gives realistic estimates of crop yield and indicates that the greater yield of the semi-dwarf selection is caused by faster photosynthesis, despite less photosynthetic surfaces of ears and leaves. It also indicates that selection for erect leaves may lead to further increases in yield. |
The efficacy and safety comparison of acipimox,lovastatin in treatment on aged people with combined hyperlipidemia | [Objective] To evaluate the efficacy and safety of acipimox,lovastatin with either drug alone or combined in treatment on aged people with combined hyperlipidemia.[Methods] A total of 106 patients with combined hyperlipidemia were randomly divided into 3 groups,of which lovastatin 20 mg/d for 8 weeks in 36 cases,acipimox 750 mg/d for 8 weeks in 37 cases,lovastatin 20 mg/d with acipimox 750 mg/d for 8 weeks in 33 cases.[Results] Lovastation was superior to acipimox and acipimox+lovastation in reduction of TC and LDL-C.Acipimox+lovastation is best in elevation of HDL-C and in reduction of(TC-HDL-C)/HDL-C.[Conclusion] In general,the statins should be the first option,and then acipimox could be supplemented when it is necessary in treatment of combined hyperlipidemia. |
Global Kids Online: designing an impact toolkit for a multi-country project | For research precisely designed to inform policy and practice, ensuring it has the desired impact is crucial. But tracking impact across many countries and diverse contexts can be difficult. Sonia Livingstone and Mariya Stoilova describe how the Global Kids Online project has built an impact toolkit which draws on recent empirical research with over 12,000 children. The ambition is to inform national and international policy and legislation around digital technologies, with a focus on safeguarding children’s rights. The impact toolkit contains accessible summaries of the approach, definitions, and key steps; an impact planning and monitoring framework, complete with templates and an exemplar framework; and tools for engaging key stakeholders, including guidelines on using evidence to inform policymaking, presenting findings to children, and communication strategies. |
Modeling the impact of the fast power control on the WCDMA uplink | The behavior and consequences of the uplink closed loop power control in the uplink of a WCDMA system are analyzed with help of theory and link level simulations. Firstly, the impact of the fast transmit power control (TPC) on the uplink required E/sub b//Io and average transmit power levels are discussed. Furthermore, it is shown how TPC effects can be modeled in network level calculations and an example of TPC corrected capacity numbers is presented. Secondly, the impact of the TPC on the cell range is discussed. |
Cerebrosides and Triterpenoids from the Roots of Synurus deltoides | A mixture of cerebrosides (1) and four triterpenoids (2 - 5) have been isolated from the hexane- and EtOAc-soluble fractions of the roots of Synurus deltoides (Ait.) Nakai (Compositae). Triterpenoid structures were determined as lupeol (2), (3), (4), and ursolic acid (5). Synurus cerebrosides (1) were characterized as a common long chain base (2S,3S,4R,8E)-2-amino-8-octadecene-1,3,4-triol and fatty acyl chains; palmitic acid, (2R)-2-hydroxybehenic acid, (2R)-2-hydroxytricosanoic acid, (2R)-2-hydroxylignoceric acid, (2R)-2-hydroxypentacosanoic acid, and (2R)-2-hydroxyhexacosanoic acid. The synurus cerebrosides (1) were the first isolation from a natural source. |
Female Choice of Mates: A General Model for Birds and Its Application to Red-Winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) | A model of female choice in birds is developed with special reference to red-winged blackbirds. Characteristics of the male are related to female fitness, and it is argued that these characteristics should influence mate choice only if they (a) have an important effect on female fitness, (b) are variable, and (c) are accurately assessable prior to mating. Using these criteria, it is concluded that female choice in redwings (1) should not be influenced by the female's estimate of the male's future nest defense effort because nest defense seems to have little effect on the severity of predation and parasitism losses; (2) should not be influenced by an estimate of the male's future time investment in feeding the young because this investment is small in redwings, and the female's estimate must be inaccurate; (3) should be influenced by the vulnerability of the territory to predation because predation rates are high, variable from area to area, and predictable; (4) should not be influenced by the vulnerabilit... |
Comparison of Different Diagnostic Criteria for Vascular Dementia (ADDTC, DSM-IV, ICD-10, NINDS-AIREN) | Background and Purpose Vascular dementia (VD) has been an ill-defined term thus far. Recently detailed criteria for the diagnosis of VD have been proposed (Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnostic and Treatment Centers [ADDTC], 1992; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition [DSM-IV], 1994; International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision [ICD-10], 1992, 1993; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke–Association Internationale pour la Recherche et l’Enseignement en Neurosciences [NINDS-AIREN], 1993). Until now the clinical feasibility of these diagnostic guidelines has not been evaluated. Methods This study aimed to compare these criteria in an unselected sample of 167 elderly patients (mean age, 72.0±9.9 years) admitted with probable dementia. Results The number of cases that could be classified as VD differed widely between the various diagnostic guidelines. According to DSM-IV criteria, 45 cases were diagnosed as VD. Twenty-one cases fulfilled the ICD-10 researc... |
Method for producing a sulfur-containing epoxy compounds | The present invention aims to provide a method for producing a sulfur-containing epoxy compounds scum-like insoluble matter is not generated. According to the present invention, the sulfur-containing halohydrin compound, and an organic solvent, was dropped into a mixed solvent of an aqueous solution of a basic compound, characterized by reacting, it is possible to provide a manufacturing method of a sulfur-containing epoxy compounds. In the present invention, the organic solvent is, embodiments in which at least one compound selected from toluene and benzene, the basic compound, sodium hydroxide, at least one or more selected from potassium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide compounds in which embodiment, the reaction temperature mode and preferably -5 ° C. to 30 ° C.. |
Is average face recognized as the average | In this paper, we address a very basic question of whether the average face of two face images is recognized as the average by a human. First, average faces were calculated for each of the pairs of images in our stimuli samples. Then, we conducted psychological experiments to compare an average face with two of the face images that were utilized for its calculation. In the experiment, participants were instructed to compare in terms of similarity as a whole and, select the image which is more similar to the average. Results showed that responses of the participants were nonuniformly-distributed across original image stimuli, suggesting that there was a significant bias on recognition of an average face. Eigenface space was constructed based on principal component analysis (PCA). Higher correlation was found between human and PCA based computer recognitions. |
Commentary on Canadian Health Insurance: Lessons for the United States | The Government Accounting Office's comparatively favorable report on Canada's National Health Insurance program (Medicare) prompted a firestorm of reaction: criticism from the health insurance indu... |
Fragmentation of metastable SF6−∗ ions with microsecond lifetimes in competition with autodetachment | Fragmentation of metastable SF(6)(-*) ions formed in low energy electron attachment to SF(6) has been investigated. The dissociation reaction SF(6)(-*)-->SF(5) (-)+F has been observed approximately 1.5-3.4 micros and approximately 17-32 micros after electron attachment in a time-of-flight and a double focusing two sector field mass spectrometer, respectively. Metastable dissociation is observed with maximum intensity at approximately 0.3 eV between the SF(6)(-*) peak at zero and the SF(5)(-) peak at approximately 0.4 eV. The kinetic energy released in dissociation is low, with a most probable value of 18 meV. The lifetime of SF(6)(-*) decreases as the electron energy increases, but it is not possible to fit this decrease with statistical Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel/quasiequilibrium theory. Metastable dissociation of SF(6)(-*) appears to compete with autodetachment of the electron at all electron energies. |
A new Zinc-base alloy - ILZRO 12 | GRAVITY casting is one of the oldest processes of fabricating metals and alloys, and even today has ::: special significance in a developing economy ::: such as India's. The volume of production in deve- ::: loping countries is often so low that rapid mass production methods, such as pressure die-casting, ::: are often not economically very attractive. For ::: making castings in small numbers, gravity casting ::: method will continue to play an important role. Although brasses and bronzes have been widely used ::: as gravity casting alloys since long and some alum- ::: inium gravity casting alloys have come into vogue ::: in comparatively recent times ; they are costly and present difficulties due to their high melting temperature. The present-day world is a competitive ::: one and only materials having low costs and improved properties can survive the competition. |
Rural Nonfarm Employment and Incomes in the Eastern Himalayas | Nonfarm activities generate on average about 60 percent of rural households? incomes in the eastern Himalayan region of India. This paper analyzes the determinants of participation in nonfarm activities and of nonfarm incomes across rural households. We present and explore an analytical framework that yields different activity choices as optimal solutions to a simple utility maximization problem. A unique data set collected in the eastern Himalayas allows us to closely examine the implications of the analytical framework. We conduct an empirical inquiry that reveals that education plays a major role in accessing more remunerative nonfarm employment. Other household assets and characteristics such as land, social status, geographical location, and credit access also play a role. |
New evaluation method of the physical activity by an acceleration sensor | In this paper, we proposed a new evaluation method of the physical activity by the acceleration signal. In many cases, the index of the physical activities is expressed as the sum of the absolute value of the acceleration signal due to the movement of body's barycenter. In the above method, if we use the acceleration sensor that can detect a DC component, we must remove a gravitational acceleration component by using the filter, and then we must make a filter for that method. On the other hand, the new evaluation method we proposed doesn't need to make a filter because we use the standard deviation of the acceleration signal as an index of the physical activity. In this study, we compared the result of our new evaluation method with the result of conventional evaluation method that use filter. As the results, it was showed that there was high correlation between these evaluated results. This means that our new evaluation method is useful and easy for calculation. |
Tumors of the Lateral and Third Ventricles: Follow-up Postoperative Morbidity and Mortality | Tumors of the lateral and third ventricles are deeply seated central lesions which always require careful treatment planning. Considering the close relationships to vital neural and vascular structures, each operative approach is challenging, especially in the light of new developments such as neuroendoscopy, stereotactically guided microsurgery or biopsy, and gamma-knife surgery. In our opinion the tumor’s exact location must be determined as decision making is influenced mainly by the expected surgical anatomy and less by the expected histology. We present the evidence of our experience over a 10-year period in which neuroimaging was available. |
Investor Expectations and Fundamentals: Disappointment Ahead? | The average annual return of the S&P 500 since 1994 has exceeded 25 percent. Confidence is high and investors are looking forward to continued above-average returns. The authors of this Economic Commentary attempt to reconcile investors' expectations with a decline in the equity premium, using a standard approach to stock-price valuation. |
Nonlinear dynamics and control of a wind-milling gyroplane rotor | Mathematical models of auto-rotation and flapping the wind-milling rotor have been carried out. Their approximate analytical solutions have been obtained. Software allowing one to simulate and study a rotor dynamics have been created. Major physical features on the forced flexible oscillations of the wind-milling rotor in the flapping plane have been investigated. Results obtained have successfully been applied to designing the Irkutsk A-002 gyroplane main rotor. |
Is Thailand’s credit default swap market linked to bond and stock markets? Evidence from the term structure of credit spreads | When the term structure of credit spreads is used in a panel vector autoregression model, Granger causality tests provide strong evidence of bi-directional relationships among CDS, bond and stock markets. This study argues that extant research using only a 5-year credit spread tends to understate intermarket linkages since in practice investors are able to trade credit risk over the entire term structure of credit spreads. Interestingly, this study produces new empirical evidence that the term structure of CDS-bond basis displays a monotonically increasing trajectory. As the maturity lengthens, the arbitrage opportunity of companies with negative (positive) CDS-bond basis decreases (increases). |
Rate of in vitro degradation of vecuronium in plasma of patients with renal failure and pregnancy | The half-life of vecuronium in plasma by spontaneous desacetylation is about 120 minutes. We have to consider this degradation for examining the cause of prolonged duration of action of vecuronium. Therefore the rate of in vitro plasma spontaneous desacetylation of vecuronium bromide was measured in healthy women (n = 10), patients with renal failure (n = 10) and pregnant women (n = 10). There were no significant differences between three groups. It was concluded that the rate of spontaneous desacetylation was not responsible for the cause of prolonged neuromuscular blockade of vecuronium in patients with renal failure and pregnancy. |