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The Italian Bourse (Borsa Italiana S.p.A.), based in Milan, is Italy's stock exchange. It manages and organises domestic market, regulating procedures for admission and listing of companies and intermediaries and supervising disclosures for listed companies. Borsa Italiana is also informally known as Piazza Affari ("Business Square"), after the city square of Milan where its headquarters (the Palazzo Mezzanotte building) is located. History The Borsa di commercio di Milano (Milan Stock Exchange) was established by Eugene de Beauharnais, viceroy of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy, through decrees dated 16 January and 6 February 1808. It operated under public ownership until 1998, when it was privatized. In 1997, all the Italian stocks were merged. Before this year, other smaller stocks exchanges based in Naples, Turin, Trieste, Venice, Genoa, Florence, Bologna, Rome, and Palermo. In 1991, the electronic exchanges were approved, and in 1994, the market with grida (A,B,C) was abolished. In Milan were also the currencies exchange rates fixing and the commodities fixing.

Evidence Accumulation and Flow of Control in a Hierarchical Spatial Reasoning System K. M. Andress, Avi Kak Abstract A fundamental goal of computer vision is the development of systems capable of carrying out scene interpretation while taking into account all the available knowledge. In this article, we focus on how the interpretation task can be aided by the expected scene information (such as map knowledge), which, in most cases, would not be in registration with the perceived scene. The proposed approach is applicable to the interpretation of scenes with three-dimensional structures as long as it is possible to generate the equivalent two-dimensional orthogonal or perspective projections of the structures in the expected scene. The system is implemented as a two-panel, six-level blackboard and uses the Dempster-Shafer formalism to accomplish inexact reasoning in a hierarchical space. Inexact reasoning involves exploiting, at different levels of abstraction, any internal geometric consistencies in the data and between the data and the expected scene. As they are discovered, these consistencies are used to update the system's belief in associating a data element with a particular entity from the expected scene.

The National Enquirer is an American tabloid newspaper. It was founded in 1926. The National Enquirer openly admits that it pays sources for tips, a common practice in tabloid journalism that results in conflicts of interest. It has also been embroiled in several controversies related to its catch and kill allegations of blackmail. Due to competition from other tabloid publications, it has faced with decreasing numbers.

Q: Gradle - could not initialize class org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory I try to build my "Hello World" application with Android Studio and can't do it because of some problem with gradle. This is what I have: $java -version java version “1.8.0_151” Java™ SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_151-b12) Java HotSpot™ 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.151-b12, mixed mode) $ gradle -v Gradle 6.5.1 Build time: 2020-06-30 06:32:47 UTC Revision: 66bc713f7169626a7f0134bf452abde51550ea0a Kotlin: 1.3.72 Groovy: 2.5.11 Ant: Apache Ant™ version 1.10.7 compiled on September 1 2019 JVM: 1.8.0_151 (Oracle Corporation 25.151-b12) OS: Linux 4.9.0-6-amd64 amd64 This is gradle file generated by Android Studio $ cat build.gradle buildscript { repositories { google() jcenter() } dependencies { classpath “com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.0.1” } } allprojects { repositories { google() jcenter() } } task clean(type: Delete) { delete rootProject.buildDir } And this is the result: $ gradle --stacktrace FAILURE: Build failed with an exception. What went wrong: Could not initialize class org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory Try: Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output. Run with --scan to get full insights. Exception is: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory at org.gradle.internal.resource.transport.http.HttpClientConfigurer.configureSslSocketConnectionFactory(HttpClientConfigurer.java:122) at org.gradle.internal.resource.transport.http.HttpClientConfigurer.configure(HttpClientConfigurer.java:107) at org.gradle.internal.resource.transport.http.HttpClientHelper.getClient(HttpClientHelper.java:195) at org.gradle.internal.resource.transport.http.HttpClientHelper.performHttpRequest(HttpClientHelper.java:141) Could anyone help me to solve this problem? These are my first steps with gradle and I have no idea what to do. If the problem is with dependency, then why this dependency is not included in gradle. Please, help. A: I solved the problem by using OpenJDK instead of Oracle JDK.

Dominic Hassler (born March 30, 1981 in Lienz) is a former Austrian football player at the position of a striker. Career Dominic Hassler began his career in his home town of Irschen in Carinthia at the local sports club. In 2000 he went to the first division club SV Austria Salzburg . His debut in the first team was in 2002, 2003 he scored his first goal for the Salzburg. In January 2004 he moved to Grazer AK, where he became Austrian champion and cup winner in 2004. In 2005 he went on loan to LASK in Linz for six months on loan. After the GAK was forced to relegate to the Regionalliga Mitte (3rd division), Hassler left in 2007 and went to FC Gratkorn, where he was an all-rounder (midfield, central defense and attack). On January 14, 2009 he signed a two and a half year contract with Sturm Graz, with which he reached fourth place in the table in 2009. Hassler became Austrian football champion in the 2010/11 season. In the summer of 2011 he moved to FC Blau-Weiss Linz. For this he completed 21 league games he scored seven goals. In the 2012/13 season he was a member of the regional league team FC Gratkorn and then played three seasons for FC Frohnleiten in the Landesliga Steiermark from 2013 to 2016. He then moved two leagues deeper and made 38 league appearances and scored 24 goals in two seasons for SV Peggau. Today (2021) he is the sporting director of SV Peggau. Honours 2x Austrian Champion: 2004 (GAK), 2011 (Sturm Graz) 2x Austrian Cup Winner: 2004 (GAK) and 2010 (Sturm Graz)

COMMERCIAL TI SPECIAL TI OTHER STUFF Titanium allergy is not to be taken lightly, but not too hard either Titanium allergy is so rare that is barely recognized as such within mainstream medical practice. Indeed, it has been reported, but the conditions and symptoms were so diverse and bewildering, that it hasn’t been possible so far for practitioners to pin-point a special symptom category. This is a common occurrence in cases where reports are inconsistent and/or incoherent and there are usually more medical problems attached to the respective patient than a mere allergy. However, the most common occurrence of titanium allergy is definitely related to titanium body jewelry. Titanium is indeed an inert metal and is indeed virtually allergy free. This is what made it the biggest alternative for stainless steel piercings, which contain nickel. Nickel allergy is far more widespread, at about 10% of the population, than titanium allergy. The more popular a product is, the greater the chance of finding a consumer that is allergic to it. The reports of titanium allergy coming from a recent piercing contain symptoms such as skin rashes, swelling, itchiness, skin redness and hives. In most of the cases, these are just the normal responses of the body adjusting to a foreign object. The type and gravity of these symptoms vary with the sensitivity of each individual and the location of the piercings. If you’re worried about a possible titanium allergy case due to a recent titanium body piercing, allow a couple of days before rushing to the hospital. Assuming that you had your piercing done professionally with the hygiene conditions assured responsibly, there is no reason to fret. Chances are the problem will take care of itself. The real symptom for a rare titanium sensitivity is the chronic fatigue syndrome. This is a medical term given to several disorders. It is commonly defined by persistent fatigue unrelated to physical or mental exertion, which doesn’t alleviate by rest and is extended for a period longer than six months. If you experience this kind of symptom, and you have been in contact with titanium metal, in the form of a piercing or a titanium implant, then it is the case indeed that you should consult a physician. Titanium implants, especially for bone reconstruction in the forms of titanium plates or titanium screws are very popular. There are also problems with these implants, but are rarely directly related to titanium allergies. Usually, the principal medical problems come from different stress forces applied in the titanium implant and the adjacent bone, which lead to the failure of the joint. But this is a known and well documented medical issue, and it is thoroughly checked by physicians in every case. There is only one test that can be used to establish titanium allergy, called the MELISA® test. This is a blood in vitro test used for the diagnosis of delayed hypersensitivity to metals. The technology is called “in vitro lymphocyte transformation” and has been utilized for some years to assist in the diagnosis of delayed type sensitivity to metals. In the professional literature, the studies seem to validate the accuracy of this type of test, but more in determining exposure to metals, including titanium, and not necessarily in determining a delayed hypersensitivity that produces allergy. There is also an intense ongoing debate about the interaction of titanium dioxide in the form of nano sized particles with the human body, as the nanotechnology is developing. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are often used in products that have the potential of presenting allergy risks to human, such as titanium sunscreen, food stuff and paint. Although there were some scientific studies regarding the potential damage to living tissue caused by titanium dioxide nano particles, no final decision has been established yet.

The raccoon (Procyon lotor, common raccoon,) is a mammal. Raccoons are curious, clever, and solitary. They are originally from North America. They have spread through Central America, and live in various habitats. They have escaped in some parts of Eurasia (see map), and now live there as well. Raccoons are in the family Caniformia, and are related to the mustelids. The raccoon has short legs, a pointed nose, small ears, grayish-brown fur, and a bushy tail. The raccoon's most distinctive features are its multi-purpose front paws, its facial 'mask', and its striped tail. Moreover, raccoons are noted for their intelligence. Studies show they are able to remember the solution to tasks for up to three years. Raccoons are usually nocturnal. Their food is about 40% invertebrates, 33% plant foods, and 27% vertebrates. Raccoons are omnivores. They feed on mice, squirrels, rabbits, birds, fish, frogs, turtles, lizards, snakes, eggs, insects, worms, fruit, and nuts. Their predators are red foxes, wolves, coyotes, bears, eagles, hawks, owls, cougars, and lynxes. Most raccoons live in the wild. Being around humans does not bother them. They often nest in empty buildings, garages, sheds, and even the attics of houses. Raccoons do not hibernate in the winter. Those that live further north where it is colder, grow thick coats to keep them warm and spend long periods sleeping. Raccoons that live in captivity can survive up to 20 years. In the wild, they usually live only 1-3 years. Two other species of raccoon, the crab-eating raccoon (P. cancrivorus) and the Cozumel Island raccoon (P. pygmaeus), are extremely similar to the common raccoon. The crab-eating raccoon is quite widespread in eastern South America. After a gestation period (pregnancy) of about 65 days, two to five young are born in spring. Newborn raccoons are called "kits". A raccoon climbed a building in Minnesota.

Wed 29 Jul 2020 Why some of us are unable to digest dairy and the intricate process of creating a baby

Harmonics in music are notes which are produced in a special way. They are notes which are produced as part of the "harmonic series". In physics, a harmonic is a wave which is added to the basic fundamental wave. This article talks about sound waves, which can be understood clearly by looking at the strings of a musical instrument. When a violinist plays a note on a violin string, the string starts to vibrate very fast. This vibration makes the air vibrate and the sound waves travel to our ear so that we can hear it. If the note were absolutely pure the string would move in a perfect sinusoidal shape and produce only one frequency, but instead there are multiple frequencies being produced at the same time along with the main one. The note played on the violin string makes the string vibrate in a very complicated way. There is the basic note (the fundamental), but added to that are lots of other little notes that all add up to a sound in a special way that tells us that it is a violin playing and not a clarinet or a human voice. The higher the note, the faster the string vibrates. An A above middle C (the violinist's A string) vibrates at 440Hz (440 times per second). This is the "fundamental" or "first harmonic". The second harmonic vibrates twice as fast (ratio 2:1): 880Hz. This gives an A an octave higher. The third harmonic will give a ratio 3:2. This will be an E (an octave and a fifth above the fundamental). The higher the harmonic the quieter it is, but the ratio is always a whole number (not a fraction). Every note that is played on an instrument is really a combination of several notes or "harmonics", even though we may not realize that we are hearing more than one note at a time. Play the lowest C on the piano. Now find the next C which is an octave higher. Press this key very slowly so that it does not sound and hold it down. While holding it down play the bottom C again making it loud and very short. The C that is being held silently will now sound. This is because the strings of that C are vibrating a little because it is a harmonic of the low C (they can vibrate because the damper is off the string while the note is being held down). The same can be done holding the next G down, then the next C, then the E. The higher the note the fainter (quieter) the harmonics become. The musical example below shows the notes of a harmonic series in musical notation. To hear the notes of a harmonic series click here: clicking here. Playing harmonics on instruments Musicians sometimes need to play harmonics on their instruments. In musical notation this is shown by placing a small circle above the note. A violinist can place their finger very lightly on a string so that it divides the string into half. They will hear a harmonic (the note an octave higher than the open string). By placing their fingers in other places they can get more harmonics, e.g. by touching the string a quarter of the way down they gets the next harmonic. "Artificial harmonics" can be played by stopping a string with the finger in the usual way (so that the string is now shorter) and placing the little finger farther up the string to get a harmonic of the stopped note. Artificial harmonics are written with diamond-shaped note heads. They are very hard to play well. Harpists can play harmonics with their left hand by stopping the string with the side of the hand (near the little finger) and plucking with the thumb or finger. Up to 3 notes can be played by the left hand. They can play harmonics with the right hand by stopping the string with the upper knuckle of the second finger and plucking with the thumb. Only one harmonic note can be played by the right hand. Harmonics on the harp sound very beautiful. Players of woodwind and brass instruments play many of their notes by blowing slightly stronger (overblowing) to get a higher series of notes. Instruments such as the recorder can play chords by making several harmonics sound together, but this is extremely difficult to do well and only found in modern music for virtuoso players. Music theory Sound

[/caption] Among one of the first exoplanet systems imaged was HR 8799. In 2008, a team led by Christian Marois at the Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics in Canada, took a picture of the system directly imaging three giant planets. The team revisited the system in 2009 – 2010 with the Keck II telescope and discovered a fourth planet in the system. The new planet, designated HR 8799e, orbits at a distance of 14.5 AU, making it the innermost planet in the system. The other planets all orbit at distances of >25 AU. The images were taken in the near infrared where they are most noticeable because the system is relatively young (<100 Myr) and the planets are still radiating large amounts of heat from their formation. The youth of these planets is part of what makes them an interesting target for astronomers. There exists a controversy in the community of planetary astronomers on the formation method of large planets. One theory states that planets form from a single, monolithic collapse that creates the entire planet’s mass at one time. Another possibility is that the initial collapse forms small cores early on, but then there is substantial growth later, as the planetesimal sweeps up additional material. The discovery of the new planet challenges both theories. Marois states, “none of [the theories] can explain the in situ formation of all four planets.” Thus, a combination of both methods may be in use in the system. Several belts of dust are also known in the system which may help astronomers determine what modes of formation were present. In particular HR 8799e is challenging to an in situ formation because the gravitational perturbations from the parent star should disrupt the formation of large gas planets within 20-40 AU from a single formation. Instead, the new planet would likely have had to been a core collapse with subsequent accretion, or alternatively, moved to its present location via migration. Studying systems such as this may help astronomers better understand the formation of our own solar system. The paper notes that the HR 8799 “does show interesting similarities with the Solar system with all giant planets located past the system’s estimated snow line (~2.7 AU for the Solar system and ~6 AU for HR 8799)”. Additionally, both have debris disks beyond the outer orbits with similar temperatures. Different methods of detecting planetary formation necessarily turn up different types of systems. Radial velocity studies detect massive, close-in planets whereas direct imaging most easily finds more distant planets. These two apparent populations represent different modes of planetary formation and for a full understanding, astronomers will need a continuous sampling that merges the two. Marois notes that we are still far from this goal as “[w]e just do not have enough exoplanets detected by direct imaging (~6 so far)” to make any conclusions besides constraints from the non-detections occurring thus far. To truly merge these two populations, astronomers will likely need to wait until more systems are discovered. Previously, some work has been done to estimate the composition of the atmospheres of the three planets already discovered in the system. These systems have been suggested to have cloudy atmospheres for CH 4 and CO. According to Marois, his team is, “planning more observations on e, but it will be hard. We might have to wait for new instruments, like the Gemini Planet Imager to do it properly.” This new instrument “will put a ‘thumb’ on the star (or what we call a coronagraph) to physically block the star light and allow ‘easy’ detection of nearby faint planets.” While this discovery is a first, it will certainly be one of a long line of exoplanet images. Marois is obviously excited about the ability to directly image planets. I asked him what the single most important thing he wanted readers to get from this research. His response was simple, “That we now have the telescopes and instruments to SEE planets orbiting other stars – that’s really cool! The exoplanet field is still very young and we have so much to learn.”

The Oath Keepers are an American conservative and anti-government militia organization. They are made of military, police and first responders. They pledge to fulfill an oath that all military and police take in order to "defend the Consitution against all enemies, foreign and domestic". The Oath Keepers were present and wearing combat uniforms in Ferguson, Missouri during the 2014 and 2015 unrest in the city. Members of the group were indicted on conspiracy charges for staging a planned mission during the 2021 storming of the United States Capitol. Elmer Stewart Rhodes founded the Oath Keepers in March 2009.

Q: Show value in textbox before selected from dropdown list JavaScript: $(function(){ $('#userID').change(function(){ $('#username').val($('#userID option:selected').data('username')); }); }); HTML: <select class="form-control" name="nip" id="userID"> <option value='1' data-username='user_id'>1</option> <option value='2' data-username='user_id'>2</option> <option value='3' data-username='user_id'>3</option> </select> <input type="text" name="name" id="username"> This code works to get selected value from dropdown list into textbox if I selected data first. My question is, how to show data in textbox before I selected data from dropdown list? Thanks. A: No mouse or keyboard events fire for option elements. See the msdn documentation for the events available in options: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms535877(VS.85).aspx In this link you can see another approach to your problem: Html Select box options on Hover?

The Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) is a political party in South Africa. Since it was founded it has been led by Mangosuthu Buthelezi. It is currently the fourth largest party in the National Assembly of South Africa. It was very close with the African National Congress. Political parties in South Africa

mode_reg = name: 'erb' extensions: { 'erb', 'rhtml' } create: -> bundle_load('erb_mode') howl.mode.register mode_reg unload = -> howl.mode.unregister 'erb' return { info: author: 'Copyright 2014-2015 The Howl Developers', description: 'erb support', license: 'MIT', :unload }

The Southeastern Anatolia Region is a geographical region of Turkey. The city with most people in the region is Gaziantep. Other big cities are Sanliurfa, Diyarbakir, Mardin and Adiyaman. It is next to the Mediterranean Region to the west, the Eastern Anatolia Region to the north, Syria to the south, and Iraq to the southeast. Southeastern Anatolia Region

Request an Interview With A Heritage Expert Thank you for contacting us! Adam N. Michel focuses on tax policy and the federal budget as a Policy Analyst in the Thomas A. Roe Institute for Economic Policy Studies at The Heritage Foundation. His research focuses on the economics of taxation, international tax competition, and the federal budget. Michel is published and quoted in outlets such as The New York Times, Wall Street Journal, Politico, US News and World Report, and The Federalist. Prior to joining Heritage he was a Program Manager for the Spending and Budget Initiative at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University, where he worked on a broad range of topics relating to federal fiscal policy. He has also worked as a Research Associate at the Competitive Enterprise Institute. Michel received his MA in economics from George Mason University in Fairfax, VA and also holds a BA in politics from Whitman College in Walla Walla, WA. He is an alumnus of the Mercatus MA Fellowship program and is currently pursuing his PhD in economics at George Mason University. Originally from California, Michel enjoys rock climbing, skiing, and cooking in his spare time.

Geo was a brand of economy cars sold by Chevrolet dealerships. Geo was founded in 1989 to compete with Japanese automotives. Geo's roots date back to the 1970s in which General Motors began selling and offering captive imports. The Buick Opel which was originally an Isuzu Gemini and was also offered to future GM marque Daewoo as the Maepsy (which was sold as a Saehan and later Daewoo model). Geo cars were a joint venture between GM and its Japanese partners which included Toyota, Suzuki and Isuzu. Chevrolet's revived Nova (the Corolla Sprinter) led to Chevrolet Sprint (Suzuki Cultus) and the Spectrum (Isuzu Gemini). All three cars were rebranded as Geo in 1989. Geo was cancelled in 1997 and merged into the Chevrolet brand. The Geo models were the Metro, Prizm, Storm, Tracker, and Spectrum. The Prizm was made at New United Motor Manufacturing, Inc. which was jointly owned by Toyota and General Motors. While the Metro and Tracker were made at CAMI Automotive a joint venture between GM and Suzuki, and the Storm and Spectrum were made entirely in Japan by Isuzu, and because of dwindling Isuzu sales they were short-lived. Many Geo models continued as Chevrolet's and were later replaced by in-house cars (i.e. Chevrolet Cobalt (Geo Prizm), a another joint venture vehicle or inherited models from GM Daewoo/Korea. Chevrolet automobiles

<moya xmlns="http://moyaproject.com"> <content docname="testcontent" template="test.html"> <title>Welcoming ${name}</title> <str dst="name">${name}</str> <section name="body"> <text>Welcome, ${name}! This is a test of Moya content renderable</text> </section> <text name="footer">(c) 2012 Will McGugan</text> </content> <macro docname="main"> <render content="testcontent" dst="page"> <str dst="name">Will</str> </render> <echo obj="page"/> </macro> </moya>

The right to life is the belief that a being has the right to live and, in particular, should not be killed by another entity, including a government. This concept has led to some discussion: Ending a pregnancy without the birth of a child is called abortion. This also means that if it was alive, the fetus or embryo will die. Euthanasia is ending a person's life. Usually, this is done to keep the person from suffering longer. Assisted suicide is the idea that a person can take the decision to end his or her own life. Capital punishment means that the state kills a criminal, for having committed a crime. Many countries and states have abolished the death penality, and replaced it with other forms of punishment. Some people say that killing another person is wrong. Most legal systems have a number of different definitions, which classify the killing: killing someone in self-defense, killing someone with intent to kill, or killing someone because of not being careful enough are usually different (and there are different punishments). Some people say that only the state has a right to kill. Killings done as extrajudicial killings are seen as wrong. Soldiers killing other soldiers in a war are usually not punished. Cases were police forces kill people (in peace time) are usually investigated, the policeman or policewoman who killed someone may be punished, if he or she is guilty of a crime, or didn't show correct behavior. Some people say that animals shouldn't be killed, or if they are, that there should be minimal standards, so as to not make them suffer. The right to life may apply in any of these cases, and different groups have different opinions where it should apply. Political movements Human rights

Q: Vue Js How to calculate the value on the table and display the sum on the footer I wanted to create simple invoice using bootstrap table and Vue Js. Basically, What i wanted is shown in the image below: I have tried as in the code below, but i am confused on two things, How should i 1) Calculate the total cost and show that as the footer summary. 2) Multiply rate and qnty and display on the corresponding input box on cost. new Vue({ el: '#app', methods: { addService() { this.model.services.push({}); } }, data: { model: { services: [] }, fields: [{ key: "rate", label: "Rate" }, { key: "qnty", label: "Qnty" }, { key: "cost", label: "Cost" } ] } }) <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//unpkg.com/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//unpkg.com/bootstrap-vue@latest/dist/bootstrap-vue.css" /> <script src="https://unpkg.com/vue"></script> <script src="//unpkg.com/babel-polyfill@latest/dist/polyfill.min.js"></script> <script src="//unpkg.com/bootstrap-vue@latest/dist/bootstrap-vue.js"></script> <div id="app"> <b-card header-tag="header" footer-tag="footer"> <template slot="header" class="mb-0"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm" @click.prevent="addService"> <icons :icon="['fas', 'plus']" /> Add Items/Service</button> </template> <b-card-body> <b-table responsive bordered striped hover caption-top :fields="fields" :items="model.services" foot-clone> <template slot="rate" slot-scope="data"> <b-form-input size="sm" class="form-control" v-model="data.item.rate" :name="`rate_${data.index}`" type="text" /> </template> <template slot="qnty" slot-scope="data"> <b-form-input size="sm" class="form-control" v-model="data.item.qnty" :name="`qnty_${data.index}`" type="text" /> </template> <template slot="cost" slot-scope="data"> <b-form-input size="sm" class="form-control" v-model="data.item.cost" :name="`cost_${data.index}`" type="text" /> </template> </b-table> </b-card-body> </b-card> </div> The way i wanted is easily achieved by using normal td and tr, with computed function. But i am confused with how to implement using Bootstrap-vue. Please help! A: Here's a quick way, that calculates the item cost in place <b-form-input :value="(data.item.rate * data.item.qnty) || 0" type="text" /> Improvements can be made here to update the item total in the item, by using a watch t update the data. the total, however is done using a computed value that uses reduce to find the total computed: { total: function() { return this.model.services.reduce(function(a, c){return a + Number((c.rate*c.qnty) || 0)}, 0) } }, here is the complete code: Vue.config.productionTip = false Vue.component('icons', { template: '<a><slot></slot></a>' }) new Vue({ el: '#app', methods: { addService() { this.model.services.push({}); } }, computed: { total: function() { return this.model.services.reduce(function(a, c){return a + Number((c.rate*c.qnty) || 0)}, 0) } }, data: { model: { services: [] }, fields: [{ key: "rate", label: "Rate" }, { key: "qnty", label: "Qnty" }, { key: "cost", label: "Cost" } ] } }) <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//unpkg.com/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//unpkg.com/bootstrap-vue@latest/dist/bootstrap-vue.css" /> <script src="https://unpkg.com/vue"></script> <script src="//unpkg.com/babel-polyfill@latest/dist/polyfill.min.js"></script> <script src="//unpkg.com/bootstrap-vue@latest/dist/bootstrap-vue.js"></script> <div id="app"> <b-card header-tag="header" footer-tag="footer"> <template slot="header" class="mb-0"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm" @click.prevent="addService"> <icons :icon="['fas', 'plus']" /> Add Items/Service</button> </template> <b-card-body> <b-table responsive bordered striped hover caption-top :fields="fields" :items="model.services" foot-clone> <template slot="rate" slot-scope="data"> <b-form-input size="sm" class="form-control" v-model="data.item.rate" :name="`rate_${data.index}`" type="text" /> </template> <template slot="qnty" slot-scope="data"> <b-form-input size="sm" class="form-control" v-model="data.item.qnty" :name="`qnty_${data.index}`" type="text" /> </template> <template slot="cost" slot-scope="data"> <b-form-input size="sm" class="form-control" :value="(data.item.rate * data.item.qnty) || 0" :name="`cost_${data.index}`" type="text" /> </template> <template slot="bottom-row" slot-scope="data"> <td/><td>Total</td> <td>{{total}}</td> </template> </b-table> </b-card-body> </b-card> </div>

Oosterscheldekering is a dam and storm surge barrier between the islands Schouwen-Duiveland and Noord-Beveland. It is the largest of the 13 ambitious Delta Works made to protect the Netherlands from flooding from the North Sea.

import fs from 'fs'; import puppeteer from 'puppeteer'; import { wait, } from '../../util'; import { getImpl, fromJSON, } from '../..'; import imageReporter from './reporter/image'; import markdownReporter from './reporter/markdown'; interface Case { impl: string; url: string; check: string[]; related: string[]; } interface JobError { type: 'error'; impl: string; error: Error; } interface JobOk extends UnwrapPromise<ReturnType<typeof doJob>> { type: 'ok'; } export type JobResult = (JobError | JobOk) & { duration: number }; // `impl` 기준 사전순으로 정렬할 것 const cases: Case[] = [ { impl: '경향신문', url: 'http://biz.khan.co.kr/khan_art_view.html?artid=201410311921301&code=920100&med=khan', check: ['title', 'subtitle', 'content', 'timestamp.created', 'timestamp.lastModified', 'reporters.0.name', 'reporters.0.mail'], related: ['#58'], }, { impl: '국민일보', url: 'http://news.kmib.co.kr/article/view.asp?arcid=0008864720&code=61121111', check: ['title', 'content', 'timestamp.created'], related: ['#77'], }, // TODO: 나우뉴스 // TODO: 네이버뉴스 // TODO: 노컷뉴스 // TODO: 뉴데일리 // TODO: 뉴데일리경제 // TODO: 뉴스1 // TODO: 뉴시스 // TODO: 다음뉴스 // TODO: 데일리시큐 // TODO: 데일리안 { impl: '데일리한국', url: 'http://daily.hankooki.com/lpage/politics/201412/dh20141219103740137430.htm', check: ['title', 'content', 'timestamp.created', 'reporters.0.name', 'reporters.0.mail'], related: ['#91'], }, { impl: '동아일보', url: 'http://news.donga.com/3/03/20141107/67723014/1', check: ['title', 'content', 'timestamp.created', 'timestamp.lastModified'], related: ['#65'], }, // TODO: 디스패치 // TODO: 디지털데일리 // TODO: 디지털타임스 // TODO: 로이터 // TODO: 마이데일리 // TODO: 마이경제 // TODO: 머니투데이 // TODO: 문화일보 // TODO: 미디어스 // TODO: 미디어오늘 // TODO: 민중의소리 // TODO: 뷰스앤뉴스 // TODO: 블로터닷넷 // TODO: 서울경제 { impl: '서울신문', url: 'http://seoul.co.kr/news/newsView.php?id=20141204500025', check: ['title', 'subtitle', 'content', 'timestamp.lastModified'], related: ['#83'], }, // TODO: 세계일보 // TODO: 스포츠경향 // TODO: 스포츠동아 // TODO: 스포츠서울 // TODO: 스포츠조선 // TODO: 스포탈코리아 // TODO: 슬로우뉴스 // TODO: 시사IN Live // TODO: 아시아경제 // TODO: 아시아투데이 { impl: '아이뉴스24', url: 'http://www.inews24.com/view/860573', check: ['title', 'subtitle', 'content', 'timestamp.created', 'timestamp.lastModified'], related: ['#61'], }, // TODO: 여성뉴스 // TODO: 연합뉴스 // TODO: 오마이뉴스 { impl: '월스트리트저널', url: 'https://realtime.wsj.com/korea/2014/10/13/%EB%B0%95%EC%9B%90%EC%88%9C-%EC%84%9C%EC%9A%B8%EC%8B%9C%EC%9E%A5-%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD-%EC%96%B8%EB%A1%A0%EC%97%90-%EB%8F%99%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%B0%ED%98%BC-%EC%A7%80%EC%A7%80-%EB%B0%9C%EC%96%B8/', check: ['title', 'content', 'timestamp.created', 'reporters.0.name'], related: ['#84'], }, // TODO: 이데일리 // TODO: 일간스포츠 { impl: '전자신문', url: 'http://www.etnews.com/20191031000370?mc=ns_003_00006', check: ['title', 'content', 'timestamp.created', 'reporters.0.name', 'reporters.0.mail'], related: [], }, // TODO: 조선비즈 // TODO: 조선일보 // TODO: 중앙데일리 { impl: '중앙일보', url: 'https://news.joins.com/article/23621286', check: ['title', 'content', 'timestamp.created', 'timestamp.lastModified', 'reporters.0.name'], related: [], }, { impl: '지디넷코리아', url: 'http://www.zdnet.co.kr/view/?no=20141104074223', check: ['title', 'content', 'timestamp.created', 'timestamp.lastModified', 'reporters.0.name'], related: ['#69'], }, // TODO: 지지통신 // TODO: 코리아타임스 { impl: '코리아헤럴드', url: 'http://khnews.kheraldm.com/view.php?ud=20141111001137&md=20141111180830_BK&kr=1', check: [ 'title', 'content', 'timestamp.created', 'timestamp.lastModified', 'reporters.0.name', 'reporters.0.mail', ], related: ['#71'], }, // TODO: 파이낸셜뉴스 // TODO: 프레시안 // TODO: 한겨레 // TODO: 한국경제 // TODO: 한국경제증권 // TODO: 한국경제TV // TODO: 한국일보 { impl: '허핑턴포스트', url: 'https://www.huffingtonpost.kr/entry/story_kr_5d36a558e4b004b6adb5029c?9e4', check: ['title', 'subtitle', 'content', 'timestamp.created', 'timestamp.lastModified', ], related: ['#358'], }, { impl: '헤럴드경제', url: 'http://news.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=20141023000202&md=20141023091209_BK', check: ['title', 'content', 'timestamp.created'], related: ['#56'], }, // TODO: ITWORLD { impl: 'JTBC', url: 'http://news.jtbc.joins.com/article/article.aspx?news_id=NB10639468', check: ['title', 'content', 'timestamp.created', 'timestamp.lastModified'], related: ['#70'], }, { impl: 'JTBC-모바일', url: 'http://mnews.jtbc.joins.com/News/Article.aspx?news_id=NB11866214', check: ['title', 'content'], related: [], }, // TODO: KBS World // TODO: KBS // TODO: MBC // TODO: MBN // TODO: OSEN { impl: 'SBS', url: 'https://news.sbs.co.kr/news/endPage.do?news_id=N1002697236', check: ['title', 'content', 'timestamp.created', 'reporters.0.name'], related: ['#80'], }, { impl: 'YTN', url: 'https://www.ytn.co.kr/_ln/0103_201411190800481989', check: ['title', 'content', 'timestamp.created'], related: ['#76'], }, ]; async function run() { const jobs = [...cases]; const jobResults: JobResult[] = []; /* const headless = false; const workers = [0, 1]; /*/ const headless = true; const workers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]; //*/ const browser = await puppeteer.launch({ args: ['--no-sandbox', '--disable-setuid-sandbox'], executablePath: 'google-chrome-unstable', headless, }); await Promise.all(workers.map(async () => { let job: Case; while (job = jobs.pop()!) { console.log( `${ jobs.length + 1 } / ${ cases.length } - ` + `${ job.impl }${ job.related.length ? `(${ job.related.join(', ') })` : '' } 처리중...` ); const page = await browser.newPage(); const startTime = Date.now(); const jobResult = await doJob(job, page).then( result => ({ type: 'ok' as const, ...result }), ).catch( error => ({ type: 'error' as const, impl: job.impl, error }), ); const duration = Date.now() - startTime; jobResults.push({ ...jobResult, duration }); await page.close(); } })); await imageReporter(jobResults, browser); const markdownReport = await markdownReporter(jobResults, browser); await browser.close(); fs.writeFileSync( './tmp/health-check.json', JSON.stringify(jobResults, null, 4), ); fs.writeFileSync('./tmp/health-check.md', markdownReport); } run().catch(e => { console.error(e ? (e.stack || e) : e); process.exit(1); }); async function doJob(job: Case, page: puppeteer.Page) { const impl = getImpl(job.impl); const waitForSelector = async (selector: string) => void await Promise.race([ page.waitForSelector(selector, { timeout: 0 } ), wait(3000), ]); await Promise.race([ page.goto(job.url, { timeout: 0 }), ...(impl.readyToParse ? [impl.readyToParse(waitForSelector)] : [] as any), wait(3000), ]); const article = fromJSON(await page.evaluate(doJob.browserScript)); type ProblemReason = 'missing' | 'invalid'; type Problem = [string/* path */, ProblemReason]; interface JobOkResult extends Case { article: typeof article; problems: Problem[]; } if (!article) return { ...job, article, problems: [] } as JobOkResult; return { ...job, article, problems: job.check.map(path => { const value = pincet(article, path); if (!value) return [path, 'missing'] as const; if (path.startsWith('timestamp.')) { if (isNaN(+value)) return [path, 'invalid'] as const; } return null; }).filter(x => x), } as JobOkResult; } doJob.browserScript = ` new Promise(async resolve => { const article = ${ fs.readFileSync('./tmp/health-check.js', 'utf8') }; resolve(await article.default); }) `; function pincet(obj: any, path: string): any { let result = obj; for (const fieldName of path.split('.')) { if (!result) return undefined; if (typeof result !== 'object') return undefined; if (!(fieldName in result)) return undefined; result = result[fieldName]; } return result; }

The word supernatural (from ) is used for things that some people believe are real, but that are not part of nature or inexplicable by the scientific laws of nature. Because we cannot prove whether these things are real, people often disagree about these things. Some say that we should talk about things without talking about the supernatural, because we cannot prove that supernatural things are real. Other people say that although we cannot prove supernatural things in a scientific way, they are real. Some examples of supernatural things or examples are: magic miracles precognition demonic possession souls, spirits or ghosts monsters yokai grim reaper angels devils, asuras or demon kami UFOs legendary creatures God or gods parapsychology

Q: Does two device will have the same 'UUID' In my iOS app, I have to restrict the user to use iOS app per device. To do this I found a solution that we can use the identifierForVendor method of UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) which will generate a unique ID to uniquely identify an app on a device. (Here, I am not using UDID (Unique Device Identifier) because Apple rejects apps if the app uses UDID). So my question as is there any possibilities that the two devices will have the same UUID. any idea? EDIT 1: I have one more doubt as if I installed the same app on different two devices and save its UUID string into the device KeyChain. Both devices have same iCloud account. Now while doing iCloud sync for this two devices, is one my device KeyChain will gets overwritten? EDIT 2: I have found answer for EDIT 1 as 'Yes, through iCloud Keychain, the keychain would be synced to another one of my devices, and I’d get the same device identifier from here and from below answer too' For the item to be synced with iCloud keychain, I’d need to explicitly set the kSecAttrSynchronizable attribute. Using the SecItem API, we can set this attribute while adding a keychain item. Is there any tutorial how to add item in Keychain (Without third party libraries)? A: No, Two device does not have the same UUID. I am 100% Sure about it. So go with identifierForVendor method. But, The UUID may be changed when you reinstall the the application in your device (If there is not other application for the same vendor). The value in this property remains the same while the app (or another app from the same vendor) is installed on the iOS device. The value changes when the user deletes all of that vendor’s apps from the device and subsequently reinstalls one or more of them. The value can also change when installing test builds using Xcode or when installing an app on a device using ad-hoc distribution. Therefore, if your app stores the value of this property anywhere, you should gracefully handle situations where the identifier changes. EDIT YOUR QUESTION I have one more doubt as if I installed the same app on different two devices and save its UUID string into the device KeyChain. Both devices have same iCloud account. Now while doing iCloud sync for this two devices, is one my device KeyChain will gets overwritten? ANSWER YES. Your keychain will gets overwritten. So you have same UUID for both 2 devices.

Troesnes is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France. Communes in Aisne

Rico Oller Thomas "Rico" Oller (born July 16, 1958) is a Republican U.S. politician from California. He served in the California State Assembly, representing the 4th District from 1996 to 2000, and the California State Senate, representing the 1st district from 2000 to 2004. In 2004, Oller ran for Congress in California's 3rd congressional district, but narrowly lost the Republican primary to former California Attorney General Dan Lungren. On January 10, 2008, Oller again ran for Congress, this time in California's 4th congressional district, for a seat being vacated by retiring Congressman John Doolittle. He faced opposition from former Congressman Doug Ose. On March 4, 2008, Oller dropped out of the race when California State Senator Tom McClintock (R-Thousand Oaks) announced that he was running for Doolittle's seat. In a statement, Oller said his decision was "a bitter pill indeed for me to swallow." But, he said he was endorsing McClintock to prevent the election of Ose, whom he labeled as "an unarguably liberal Republican." Oller ran for the newly former 5th Assembly District in 2012 facing Madera County Supervisor Frank Bigelow in the November general election. Oller lost to Bigelow by 5.7%. Legislative record Oller fought against the expansion of Smog Check II and authored legislation to abolish the program. He opposed the use of MTBE (methyl tertiary-butyl ether) in fuel. He also passed legislation to protect the endangered Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep. He convened an oversight hearing into the spread of noxious weeds across California and carried legislation to promote the reactivation of the Auburn Dam. Oller was named Legislator of the Year by California Small Business Association and American Electronics Association. He also received an award from Women's Safety Alliance for dedication to safety and the 2000 Defender of Freedom award from the National Rifle Association. Campaigning Oller has won the endorsement of Republican organizations such as the Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association, the California Taxpayer Protection Committee, the Club for Growth, the California Republican Assembly, the Placer County Republican Central Committee, and Concerned Women for America. Personal history Born in Fresno, California, Oller graduated from California State University, Stanislaus in 1980. In 1981, Oller started his building materials business. He is currently Owner and Chairman of Board of Material Ventures, Inc, the distribution company he founded. External links Rico Oller's campaign site References Category:1958 births Category:Living people Category:California state senators Category:California State University, Stanislaus alumni Category:Members of the California State Assembly Category:People from San Andreas, California Category:California Republicans Category:People from Fresno, California Category:21st-century American politicians

Aulus Vitellius Germanicus {September 24, 15-December 22, AD 69} was later known as Vitellius was an Roman Emperor and general for eight months from 16 April to 22 December 69. Vitellius was acclaimed emperor following quick succession of previous emperors Galba and Marcus Salvius Otho, in the year of civil war known as Year of the Four Emperors Vitellius was the first add the honorific cognomen Germanicus to his name was instead of Caesar upon his accession; the latter name had fallen into disrepute in many quarters because of the actions of Roman Emperor Nero. Portrait Invading Britain Vitellius was an Roman military commander of Germania Inferior. In AD 43 Roman Emperor Claudius conquers Britannia, Aulus Plautius, governor of Britannia. Roman conquest of Britain, and Claudius defeats Caratacus Rebellion On 16 April 69 After Marcus Salvius Otho's death in Rome, He became in Roman Emperor of Rome. he was an third emperor of the Year of the Four Emperors. He ate a lot He did a quick succession with Galba and Otho. After Otho's friend Nero's death.

Alfred V. Covello Alfred Vincent Covello (born February 4, 1933) is a Senior United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut. Education and career Covello was born in Hartford, Connecticut. He received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1954, and then a Bachelor of Laws and a Juris Doctor from the University of Connecticut School of Law in 1960. He was in the United States Army Personnel Specialist from 1955 to 1959. He was in private practice of law in Hartford from 1960 to 1974. Covello became a member of the Charter Revision Commission in West Hartford in 1964. He was counsel to this same commission in 1966 and from 1969 to 1970. He was also counsel to the Office of Corporation Counsel in West Hartford from 1964 to 1967. State judicial service Covello served as judge in a number of courts beginning in the 1970s. He was a judge on the Circuit Court for the State of Connecticut from 1974 to 1975, then to Connecticut's Court of Common Pleas from 1975 to 1978. He was a judge on the Superior Court of Connecticut from 1978 to 1992, and a judge on the Appellate Session of the Superior Court from 1980 to 1983. He was a Justice of the Supreme Court of Connecticut from 1987 to 1992, and an administrative judge on the Appellate System in 1992. Federal judicial service Covello was nominated to the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut by President George H. W. Bush on April 1, 1992, to a new seat created by 104 Stat. 5089. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 12, 1992, and received commission on August 17, 1992. He became Chief Judge in 1998, serving that status until he assumed senior status on February 4, 2003. References External links Category:1933 births Category:Living people Category:Lawyers from Hartford, Connecticut Category:Harvard University alumni Category:University of Connecticut School of Law alumni Category:Connecticut state court judges Category:Judges of the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut Category:United States district court judges appointed by George H. W. Bush Category:20th-century American judges Category:United States Army personnel Category:Connecticut Supreme Court justices

Creola is a city in Mobile County, Alabama, United States. The population was 1,936 as of the 2020 census. It is included in the Mobile metropolitan statistical area. It was incorporated in 1978.

ISTANBUL (Reuters) - In the Beyoglu Anadolu religious school in Istanbul, gilded Korans line the shelves and on a table lies a Turkish translation of “Eclipse,” a vampire-based fantasy romance by U.S. novelist Stephanie Meyer. Turkish girls attend a class at the Kazim Karabekir Girls' Imam-Hatip School in Istanbul February 10, 2010. REUTERS/Murad Sezer No-one inside the school would have you believe this combination of Islamic and western influences demonstrates potential to serve as a ‘moderate’ educational antidote to radical Islam. But there is fresh outside interest in schools like this, which belong to the network known as imam-hatip. Some people, particularly officials from Afghanistan and Pakistan, have suggested the Turkish system can light the way to a less extremist religious education for their young Muslims. The interest is understandable. The imam-hatip network is a far cry from the western stereotype of the madrassa as an institution that teaches the Koran by rote and little else. Originally founded to educate Muslim religious functionaries in the 1920s, the imam-hatip syllabus devotes only around 40 percent of study to religious subjects like Arabic, Islamic jurisprudence and rhetoric. The rest is given over to secular topics. The network has incubated the elite of the Islamist-rooted AK party which came to power in Turkey in 2002. Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan -- who went on to study economics -- and around one third of his party’s MPs attended imam-hatip schools. For Turks, however, it’s ironic that a system which for over a decade has been suppressed by the military enforcers of secularism could be seen to champion any institutional accommodation between the Islamic and the secular. A revised system of university credits introduced in the late 1990s puts imam-hatip students seeking to study non-religious subjects at university at a disadvantage. “It’s very interesting that these schools that are so controversial in our own country have become role models elsewhere,” said Iren Ozgur, a Turkish-American academic at New York University who has studied the imam-hatip system. In his office close to the Golden Horn inlet of the Bosphorus, former imam-hatip pupil Huseyin Korkut believes the schools could work abroad if they remain true to “Islamic values.” But he bristles at the idea of the network being pigeonholed into helping solve international security problems. “We are disturbed by this understanding that these schools would educate ‘soft’ Muslims that could easily adapt to the needs and requirements of the international authorities,” said the moustachioed economist. Calling himself a typical graduate of the system, Korkut works at Kirklareli University and is general director of the imam-hatip alumnae association. Current students like Kerem Fazil Cinar, an 18-year-old final year pupil at Beyoglu Anadolu imam-hatip School, see the system as a refuge from the perils of the outside world. Slideshow ( 11 images ) “In the regular school would be the danger of meeting dangerous friends who have not inherited religious values,” said the earnest, bespectacled teenager, the beginnings of a beard sprouting from his chin. “The environment would be more degenerate.” SECULAR FOCUS Named after the preachers and prayer-leaders it was set up to train, the imam-hatip system has earned less media attention in the west than the moderate international network set up by exiled Islamic scholar Fethullah Gulen. There are many Gulen schools in Central Asia, and other outposts in the Balkans and Western Europe. Last month, Afghanistan’s Education Minister Farooq Wardak visited an imam-hatip school in Ankara and declared the system could be a model for moderate religious education in his country. Pakistan’s ambassador to Turkey has said the imam-hatip system was discussed in recent high-level talks. And Wardak’s visit followed a Russian delegation, including the deputy minister of education, which came to see the schools last year. “An education system should not just be an education, it should be a tool to fight extremism,” Wardak said, adding that he was impressed by the way the imam-hatip school combined religious instruction with other subjects. “We need to make sure that graduates of religious schools ... also have skills and vocation, and they get a knowledge to be part of the mainstream of society.” Overseas interest in the schools may also have been partly kindled by Turkey’s changing foreign policy priorities, as Ankara seeks to play a greater role among Muslim states -- including Syria and Iran -- and cools on long-term ally Israel. Turkey’s largest ever foreign aid effort is now directed to Afghanistan, and last year it agreed to establish a high-level co-operation council with Pakistan. Russia is Turkey’s main trading partner. In imam-hatip institutions, as in every school in the country, images of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk -- the founder of the Turkish Republic -- are on display. Students can tackle Arabic passages describing the Prophet Mohammad’s journey to Medina in classrooms also displaying Ataturk’s address to Turkish youth. “There has always been a tension between orthodoxy and heterodoxy within the framework of Turkish Islam,” said Professor M. Hakan Yavuz, of the University of Utah’s Middle East Center. “As a result Turkish Islam has these sites outside the control of orthodox Islam, and remains more pluralist, more tolerant.” SENSITIVE But by singling out imam-hatip schools, Afghanistan’s minister may unwittingly have been treading on deep Turkish sensitivities. The network -- which with high standards and low costs proved popular with conservative Turkish families in the past -- was targeted after senior generals pushed out Turkey’s first Islamist-led government in 1997. Whereas in the second half of the 1990s about 600 imam-hatip schools across the country educated half a million pupils, after what was known as the “post-modern coup,” imam-hatip middle schools for pupils aged 11-14 were abolished. Even more damaging were the changes to the university admission system, which calculates the relevance of subjects studied at school to a student’s proposed university course. Modifications after 1997 meant that -- unless they chose to study religion -- imam-hatip students found their grades devalued against those of applicants from conventional schools. Waning prospects for higher education diminished the appeal of imam-hatip schools. Today around 450 educate 120,000 pupils. The AKP has worked toward their rehabilitation, but it has not succeeded yet in changing university entrance requirements. ANGER It is in this context that students like Cinar experience the system. Gathered in a mosque in the heart of the old city with two fellow students -- including Nur Sumeyye Karaoglan, a quiet girl in a patterned headscarf -- the young man’s comments reflect an anger with Turkey’s secular establishment that makes nonsense of such distinctions as “radical” and moderate.” “Surely religion should have a public role,” he said -- a view that flies in the face of Turkey’s 87 years of secularism. “Not only in Turkey, but throughout the world.” Sitting among glass-walled cloisters, he warmed to the theme of Turkey’s suppression of the imam-hatip network, and by extension of its alumni, saying his country needed men like him to stand up for religion and traditional values. “We want Turkish society to feel that it is right to fear us,” he said. Over their tea, his fellow pupils murmured in approval. “I am very proud to be an imam-hatip student,” said Karaoglan, 16, the only girl in the group. “I feel it is in line with human nature.”

Marly Marley (5 April 1938 - 10 January 2014) was a Brazilian actress. She was known for her roles in Chega de Saudade (2007), O Puritano da Rua Augusta (1965) and Casinha Pequenina (1963). She also appeared on many Brazilian sitcoms and telenovelas. Marley died from pancreatic cancer on 10 January 2014. She was aged 75. She died in Sao Paulo. Her widower is the actor and comedian Ary Toledo.

Daytona Bits and Pieces (revised) Daytona Bits and Pieces By: Bill King Hoosiers Giving Up? - Durability concerns about the 2005 Grand American Rolex Series spec tire arose during the three-day pre-season test session that ended Sunday at Daytona International Speedway. A ... Daytona Bits and Pieces By: Bill King Hoosiers Giving Up? - Durability concerns about the 2005 Grand American Rolex Series spec tire arose during the three-day pre-season test session that ended Sunday at Daytona International Speedway. A number of Daytona Prototype and GT category teams noted that the tires from Hoosier Racing Tire Corp. to be used for the Rolex 24 in four weeks were not consistent through an entire fuel run. The problem was described as a sudden and dramatic drop in traction resulting in as much as three seconds a lap around the 3.54-mile oval/infield layout. Changing tires at every pit stop will require an increase in the 30-set allotment currently in force for the 24 and a corresponding bump in the weekend's tire bill. Due to the short lead-time, there is no plan to test and manufacture a new tire for the February round-the-clock run. Grand-Am director of competition Mark Raffauf suggested that drivers with Touring Car experience would fare better, being used to taking better care of their tires. Given the rapid pace of 24-hour races, team tire strategies are likely to play a major roll at Daytona next month. Is Emmo Coming Back? - One of the drivers being considered for the fifth seat in the 2004 Rolex 24 winning Doran-Pontiac of Kodak-Bell Motorsports is Emerson Fittipaldi. Car-owner Forest Barber looked at both Fittipaldi and Ralf Kelleners to partner with him, Terry Borcheller, Paul Tracy Emmo's nephew Christian Fittipaldi. "It felt good," said Fittipaldi. "The car has good power and good handling, but I need to get back in the regimen of driving." Both Fittipaldi - who drove only 11 laps - and Kelleners* were well off the pace. Grand-Am to Run with Champ Car? - In an odd bit of maneuvering, the Grand American Rolex Series, scheduled to appear at Autodromo Hermanos Rodriguez in Mexico City Dec. 4, may run instead with the Champ Cars Nov. 6. Given the obvious politico-racing implications, is anyone other than the organizers interested in this fraught match-up? Grand-Am is looking at two other November dates and an earlier one in October to keep the 2005 season from running into December. Editor's note:* Regarding the statement on Ralf Kelleners being off the pace. The comment was inaccurate as the team has informed Motorsport.com that Kelleners' times were on a competitive level with the times turned by Terry Borcheller. Throughout the three testing days, Kelleners was one of the quickest drivers in the Forest Barber owned Bell Motorsports Daytona Prototype.

Lichtensteig is a municipality in Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

Refraction limit of miniaturized optical systems: a ball-lens example. We study experimentally and theoretically the electromagnetic field in amplitude and phase behind ball-lenses across a wide range of diameters, ranging from a millimeter scale down to a micrometer. Based on the observation, we study the transition between the refraction and diffraction regime. The former regime is dominated by observables for which it is sufficient to use a ray-optical picture for an explanation, e.g., a cusp catastrophe and caustics. A wave-optical picture, i.e. Mie theory, is required to explain the features, e.g., photonic nanojets, in the latter regime. The vanishing of the cusp catastrophe and the emergence of the photonic nanojet is here understood as the refraction limit. Three different criteria are used to identify the limit: focal length, spot size, and amount of cross-polarization generated in the scattering process. We identify at a wavelength of 642 nm and while considering ordinary glass as the ball-lens material, a diameter of approximately 10 µm as the refraction limit. With our study, we shed new light on the means necessary to describe micro-optical system. This is useful when designing optical devices for imaging or illumination.

Repco is an Australian engineering company. Its name is derived from 'Replacement Parts Company', referring to one of its major lines of work. It is famous for powering Brabham to Formula One Drivers' and Constructors' Championship in the 1966 and 1967 seasons. More recently the company has operated as an engine tuner and race engine builder. Formula One engine manufacturers Companies of Australia

//****************************************************************************************************** // MemoryFileBenchmark.cs - Gbtc // // Copyright © 2014, Grid Protection Alliance. All Rights Reserved. // // Licensed to the Grid Protection Alliance (GPA) under one or more contributor license agreements. See // the NOTICE file distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. // The GPA licenses this file to you under the Eclipse Public License -v 1.0 (the "License"); you may // not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at: // // http://www.opensource.org/licenses/eclipse-1.0.php // // Unless agreed to in writing, the subject software distributed under the License is distributed on an // "AS-IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. Refer to the // License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations. // // Code Modification History: // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // 12/2/2011 - Steven E. Chisholm // Generated original version of source code. // //****************************************************************************************************** using GSF.IO.Unmanaged; using GSF.IO.Unmanaged.Test; using NUnit.Framework; namespace GSF.IO.FileStructure.Media.Test { [TestFixture] internal class MemoryFileBenchmark { [Test] public void Test1() { MemoryPoolTest.TestMemoryLeak(); MemoryPoolFile file = new MemoryPoolFile(Globals.MemoryPool); BinaryStreamIoSessionBase session = file.CreateIoSession(); BlockArguments blockArguments = new BlockArguments(); blockArguments.IsWriting = true; blockArguments.Position = 10000000; session.GetBlock(blockArguments); System.Console.WriteLine("Get Block\t" + StepTimer.Time(10, () => { blockArguments.Position = 100000; session.GetBlock(blockArguments); blockArguments.Position = 200000; session.GetBlock(blockArguments); blockArguments.Position = 300000; session.GetBlock(blockArguments); blockArguments.Position = 400000; session.GetBlock(blockArguments); blockArguments.Position = 500000; session.GetBlock(blockArguments); blockArguments.Position = 600000; session.GetBlock(blockArguments); blockArguments.Position = 700000; session.GetBlock(blockArguments); blockArguments.Position = 800000; session.GetBlock(blockArguments); blockArguments.Position = 900000; session.GetBlock(blockArguments); blockArguments.Position = 1000000; session.GetBlock(blockArguments); })); file.Dispose(); MemoryPoolTest.TestMemoryLeak(); } } }

Black Rebel Motorcycle Club is an American rock band from San Francisco, California. Black Rebel Motorcycle Club has three members in the band; the current band members are Peter Hayes, Robert Levon Been and Leah Shapiro. Band members Current Peter Hayes - vocals, guitar, bass, synthesizer Robert Levon Been - vocals, bass, guitar, piano Leah Shapiro - drums, percussion Former Nick Jago - drums, percussion Peter Salisbury - drums, percussion Michael "Spike" Keating - bass, guitar Discography Albums B.R.M.C. (2001) Take Them On, On Your Own (2003) Howl (2005) Baby 81 (2007) The Effects of 333 (2008) Beat the Devil's Tattoo (2010) Specter at the Feast (2013) Wrong Creatures (2018)

MODULE_TOPDIR = ../.. PGM = i.gensig LIBES = $(IMAGERYLIB) $(RASTERLIB) $(GISLIB) $(MATHLIB) DEPENDENCIES = $(IMAGERYDEP) $(RASTERDEP) $(GISDEP) include $(MODULE_TOPDIR)/include/Make/Module.make default: cmd

Charles Anthony Standish Brooks (25 February 1932 - 3 May 2022) was a British Formula One racing driver. He was also known as the "racing dentist". He participated in 39 Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, debuting on 14 July 1956, having six wins, 10 podium finishes and 75 career points. He was third in the World Drivers' Championship in 1958 with Vanwall and second in 1959 with Ferrari. He was born in Dukinfield, Cheshire, England. Brooks died on 3 May 2022 at the age of 90.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in a physician: a review of the disorder in health care workers. We describe a 58-year-old physician who developed Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) 30 years after formal training in pathology. To the best of our knowledge, he is the sixth physician and the 24th health care worker reported with CJD. We summarize the available data on these health care workers.

Larry Cedar (born March 6, 1955) is an American actor and a voice actor. He is best known for playing Leon, the opium-addicted thief and faro dealer, in the internationally acclaimed HBO series, Deadwood. Filmography Movie roles The Babe - Radio announcer Atlas Shrugged: Part III - Dr. Floyd Ferris C.H.U.D. II: Bud the C.H.U.D. - Graves Constantine - Vermin Man Demonic Toys - Peterson Dreamscape - Snakeman Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas - Car Rental Agent Hollywoodland - Chester Sinclair Justice League: Gods and Monsters - Pete Ross Justice League: Throne of Atlantis - Thomas Curry National Treasure: Book of Secrets - Control Room Guard Paparazzi - Charlie Pinocchio's Revenge - District Attorney The Crazies - Principal Ben Sandborn The Gingerdead Man - Jimmy Dean The London Connection - Roger Pike The Master of Disguise - Businessman Towelhead - Photographer Twilight Zone: The Movie - Creature on the Wing (Episode #4) Television roles Boston Legal - Robert Hooper Charmed in a season eight guest role as the scheming Demon Xar, pushing the episode's action in "Engaged and Confused". Community - Cornelius Hawthorne Deadwood - Leon (3 seasons) Get a Life - Ted (2 episodes) Saved by the Bell - Mystery Weekend actor Square One Television - Series Regular Star Trek: Deep Space Nine - Nydrom (Episode: "Armageddon Game") Star Trek: Voyager - Tersa Star Trek: Enterprise - Tessic State of Mind - Larry Carson The Riches - Karl W*A*L*T*E*R (unsold M*A*S*H spinoff) - Zipkin Without a Trace - Ray Pallidies Video game roles EverQuest II - Rune Shimmerstar, Tristan Gallaway, Eorandalanu Otuden, Alchemist Alus Crispian, Dyric Pyre, Waylon March, The Glademaster, Generic Male Dark Elf Merchant, Generic Male Erudite Merchant, Generic Male Gnome Merchant, Generic Male Halfling Merchant, Generic Male Human Merchant, Generic Male Ratonga Merchant, Generic Dark Elf Guard, Various Character Languages Hitman: Absolution - Edward Wade Marvel: Ultimate Alliance - Loki SOCOM II: U.S. Navy SEALs - Vandal Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 4 - Tony Hawk's Underground - The Skater Tony Hawk's Underground 2 - Ultimate Spider-Man - Additional Voices

Tag Archives: wall chargers A classic attribute of technology is that it continuously evolving at light speed into more powerful applications and features. In stride to technological advances, consumer’s behavior has consistently kept text messaging a repeatable revenue source and a sustainable ROI for service providers and carriers across the world. Alas, the halcyon days of text messaging may quickly be coming to a close if recent reports are any indication of trends. Experience the convenience of online shopping for unlocked cell phones and mobile device accessories. Discover wide selection of top quality, innovative protective bags, sleeves and cases as well as premium electronic accessories from the industry's most leading brands. An accessory solution for every lifestyle... this is personal. This is you. This is shopping simplified. A recent column in Forbes outlines that text messaging rates are declining in many countries around the world. The report metrics were based on the text messages sent this past Christmas Eve as it is one of the highest messaging days of the year. As Tero Kuittinen, the author of the article and a senior analyst for MGI Research wrote of the Finnish wireless carrier: Sonera - 'As the major carrier of the Scandinavian country, it is a great marker for that country’s trends. Christmas Eve of 2010, 10.9 million messages had been exchanged. The same day a year later saw a drop to 8.5 million. This kind of decline was also seen in Hong Kong and other highly populated metropolises... with the fall off may being as high as 14%. Get powered up for work, life and play easily and conveniently with the latest collection of desktop chargers, wall chargers and car chargers. Get all the power and energy you need for the mobile lifestyle. These numbers may seem contradictory considering how consumers leverage cell phones foor both communications and as a pocket PC. Do we talk more? Nope. Traditional texting is down? Yup. Are we using our phones as a multi media tool? You betcha. So where does this equation balance? The word “traditional.” Organic Facebook and Twitter support on Apple and Google smartphones is changing how we communicate. Add in email and free messaging apps (MMS versus SMS) and there is a recipe that doesn’t bode well for carriers and cuts the bonds of contracts and messaging packages that have lined their pockets for approximately 15 years. Discover the widest online selection of Bluetooth Headsets and BlueTooth Car Kits. Latest technology from top brand manufacturers. Hands free functionality is designed for the interactive 'on the go' lifestyle and allows safe driving When considering the increasing popularity of unlocked phones and the growing power of mobile consumers, this news should be closely considered by US carriers like AT&T and Verizon. Kuittinen noted in the Forbes article that for these major American carriers the next few years could see their earnings growth markedly decline. No surprise when “as much as 20% of carrier earnings are derived from text messaging.” These players will seriously have to reconsider their strategy and plans to capture the business from unlocked phone users and the continuing evolution of messaging. Have you ever wondered what kind of advances could be made in the world if hackers and malicious code writers put their brains to something not quite so… well, malicious? Alas, that is a an unlikely scenario considering hackers consider breaking into an OS and accessing it at the root level as something of an art form and a sport. Like IT Tai Chi. Accessories are designed to protect, personalize and enhance your mobile devices. Discover innovative protective solutions and premium electronic accessories from the industry's most leading brands The victim of the most recent OS hack? Microsoft’s Windows Phone. It looks like the attack is carried out through an SMS or a chat message from either Facebook or Windows Live Messenger and is used to disable the phone’s Messaging hub. Get powered up for work, life and play easily and conveniently with their collection of desktop chargers, wall chargers and car chargers. Get all the power and energy you need for the mobile lifestyle. Some affected users will be notified of the infiltration by the Live tile pinned to the homescreen from the contact you received the message from. Then the phone will freeze. These victims have an easier fix – restart the device and remove the tile prior to it completely loading. A hard reset is still required, but allows a quick backup of photos etc. To prevent a possible infection of your Windows OS at the PC level, use of removable memory is a good precaution. Discover the widest online selection of Bluetooth Headsets and BlueTooth Car Kits. Latest technology from top brand manufacturers. Hands free functionality is designed for the interactive 'on the go' lifestyle and allows safe driving. Unfortunately, in other cases, post attack, the Messaging hub cannot start and will require a hard reset on the device. As with any device consumers, need to consider removable memory cards as a seriously good idea in the event the handset and OS are compromised. To rule out device specific flaws, Windows Phone 7.5 (for both build 7720 and 7740) were tested. Those results point to an issue at the OS level and not with the devices. In all, this malware appears relatively innocuous as it doesn’t appear to compromise the security of the device and Microsoft is already working on a fix. Discover wide selection of top quality, innovative protective solutions and premium electronic accessories from the industry's most leading brands . The Hottest Brands · The Coolest Products · The Lowest Prices PureMobile has an accessory solution for every lifestyle.... This is personal. This is you. This is Shopping Simplified.

Faye Wong, or Wang Fei (, born August 8, 1969) is a Chinese singer and actress. Faye Wang was born at Peking Union Medical College Hospital in Beijing. She moved to Hong Kong in 1987 and has had great success since the early 1990s. Studio Albums 1989: Shirley Wong (Wang Jing Wen ) 1990: Everything 1990: You're the Only One 1992: Coming Home 1993: No Regrets (Zhi Mi Bu Hui ) 1993: 100,000 Whys (Shi Wan Ge Wei Shi Mo ) 1994: Mystery (Mi ) 1994: Random Thoughts (Hu Si Luan Xiang ) 1994: Sky (Tian Kong ) 1994: Ingratiate Oneself (Tao Hao Zi Ji ) 1995: Decadent Sounds of Faye (Fei Mi Mi Zhi Yin ) 1995: Di-Dar 1996: Restless (Fu Zao ) 1997: Faye Wong (Wang Fei ) 1998: Scenic Tour (Chang You ) 1999: Only Love Strangers (Zhi Ai Mo Sheng Ren ) 2000: Fable (Yu Yan ) 2001: Faye Wong (Wang Fei ) 2003: To Love (Jiang Ai ) 2015: Be Perfunctory (Fu Yan )

Bee hives unwelcome in complex Residents of Huntington Landmark senior community don't like the homeowners association sanctioning the hobby. August 14, 2013|By Anthony Clark Carpio Amy Cripps, with the Orange County Beekeepers Assn.,… (SCOTT SMELTZER,…) Huntington Beach council members and residents are buzzing around the issue of where beekeepers should keep their hives. Folks in the Huntington Landmark senior citizens community are clashing with their homeowners association for not addressing their concerns about nine hives being kept on the property. Resident Tom Dern said he has been stung once and believes having the bees poses a threat to the older population within the community, located between Newland and Magnolia streets and Indianapolis and Atlanta avenues. "I don't like the fact that I have to go to the city government because I'm not a big fan of government," he said. "Let people make their own decisions, but [the homeowner's association] won't make the decision here. I want to see the bees gone." Marvin Garrett, a member of Landmark's HOA board and a proponent of the bees, said the beekeepers are housing only docile, European bees. Advertisement "We're trying to preserve honey bees," he said. "Because so many of the honey bees are dying off, and they're trying to figure out why, we decided that instead of killing honey bees, we would keep them. What we're really doing is managing the location of honey bees." To address the residents' concerns, an item to amend an existing ordinance regarding beekeeping was introduced at the Aug. 5 City Council meeting. Existing city law states that a beekeeper's hives are to be located at least 200 feet from the residence. The proposed ordinance would have altered it so that hives would have to be kept at least 200 from any residence. In essence, it wouldn't have banned beekeeping but could have made it near impossible because of the city's density, said Amy Cripps, president of the Orange County Beekeepers Assn. Cripps said the group has around 250 members and that beekeeping is a hobby that's growing in popularity. The Costa Mesa resident gave presentations at the recent Orange County Fair, where she explained that bees shouldn't pose a problem to others as long as they are properly maintained. However, some keepers selectively choose to keep feral species, like Africanized bees, in their hives, contributing to the insect's population decline. "I don't know what these guys are doing in Huntington Beach, but I'm going to venture a guess that their bees are not European," Cripps said. Council members unanimously voted to continue the item to the next meeting, allowing staff to talk to Cripps to find a better solution to allow beekeepers to continue their hobby while protecting residents. "I didn't realize that it was that many people that collected bees for a hobby," Councilman Joe Carchio said. "I'm not begrudging anybody to do that in their house, but when you live in close proximity to other people, like in a condominium or senior park, that could present a little bit of a problem." HOA members appear split. "I don't think that we need to expose senior people to a bunch of bees," said board member Donna Brady. "We had plenty of bees in the wild before, but it's not the same when you start putting hives out for them."

Chestnut Hill is a village located west of downtown Boston, Massachusetts, United States. Chestnut Hill is best known as the home of Boston College and as part of the Boston Marathon route. Hammond Pond Reservation, an extensive forest preserve and protected wetlands, goes through Chestnut Hill and Newton.

Newspaper headlines: Divorce law change and 'Boris' blonde' By BBC News Staff Published duration 8 September 2018 image copyright AFP/Getty Images image caption The announcement that Boris Johnson and his wife Marina Wheeler are to divorce makes a number of Saturday's front pages Divorce features heavily on Saturday's front pages - though for two quite different reasons. Both the Times and the i lead with the government's plans to make it easier to obtain a no-blame divorce. In an editorial , the Times notes the proposals may meet opposition among traditionalists in the Conservative Party or the Church - but it backs them. The paper argues that, like any institution, marriage is strongest when participation is by consent, not coercion. It also calls for further policies to modernise family law, such as ending discrimination against people who are in long-term relationships, but have not married. Three of the papers lead on Boris Johnson's divorce and the claims surrounding his private life, assessing what difference - if any - they could make to his political fortunes. The Sun reports that the former foreign secretary wined and dined a glamorous Tory aide in a restaurant on Valentine's Day. It says that he was meant to be working at the time and that he was also - in the papers words - at "the centre of a Brexit storm". In its front page article, the Daily Mail alleges that he was cheating on his wife at the height of the Chequers crisis and devotes five pages to the story. But Mr Johnson can take heart from its poll suggesting two-thirds of voters do not think the claims of alleged infidelity make him unfit to be prime minister. The Daily Mirror says , despite his private life becoming front page news, Mr Johnson is still preparing to mount a challenge to Theresa May. No confidence vote In its lead, the Daily Telegraph claims that a journalist working for the Iranian state broadcaster has infiltrated the north London constituency party of a Labour MP and is trying to undermine her. It says the reporter - working for Press TV, which is banned from broadcasting in Britain - was able to take part in a vote of a no confidence in the MP, Joan Ryan, who represents Enfield North. Ms Ryan, who chairs Labour Friends of Israel, has demanded that Iranian propagandists be ousted from the party. Labour says it will not discuss individual members. image copyright Labour Party image caption Joan Ryan chairs Labour Friends of Israel Several of the papers cover the Swedish general election, ahead of polling this weekend. Robert Hardman in the Daily Mail asks : "Why is the most liberal country in Europe lurching to the far right?" He says discussion has been dominated by "crime and immigration", leaving many people talking openly about "a national identity crisis". And he adds that although the nationalist Sweden Democrats have their roots in neo-Nazi yobbery, the party could end up holding the balance of power. A contrasting view can be found in the Local - an English-language news site based in Sweden. It criticises the overseas reporting of the country's election, warning "anecdotes about gang violence" is leaving readers with a false impression. Voters, it says, are as exercised by "healthcare and schooling" as by crime and immigration, and it predicts the next government will not include any Sweden Democrat ministers. 'Jumpy' locals The Telegraph reports that traffic signs could soon go up on the Isle of Man warning drivers to beware of... wallabies. Two escaped from a local wildlife park in the 1970s, but since then their numbers have swelled to as high as 160, leaving surprised tourists swerving to avoid them.

During its 13-year history, Manchukuo used to have two national anthems. Anthem from 1933 The first national anthem was adopted on February 24, 1933 . The lyrics author is the first Prime Minister of Manchukuo, Zheng Xiaoxu. The composer is unknown Anthem from 1942 On September 5, 1942, the same Manchukuo Prime Minister, Zheng Xiaoxu wrote a new lyrics, more focused on Japan. The anthem's melody was composed by the Japanese conductor of the Tokyo Philharmonic, Kosaku Yamada. The anthem also had a its Japanese version.

--- abstract: 'As a promising application of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs), Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) is expected to be deployed on the public road in the near term. Thus far the majority of the CACC studies have been focusing on the overall network performance with limited insight on the potential impact of CAVs on human-driven vehicles (HVs). This paper aims to quantify the influence of CAVs on HVs by studying the high-resolution vehicle trajectory data that is obtained from microscopic simulation. Two clustering strategies for CACC are implemented: an ad hoc coordination one and a local coordination one. Results show that the local coordination outperforms the ad hoc coordination across all tested market penetration rates (MPRs) in terms of network throughput and productivity. The greatest performance difference between the two strategies is observed at 30% and 40% MPR for throughput and productivity, respectively. However, the distributions of the hard braking observations (as a potential safety impact) for HVs change significantly under local coordination strategy. Regardless of the clustering strategy, CAVs increase the average lane change frequency for HVs. 30% MPR is the break-even point for local coordination, after which the average lane change frequency decreases from the peak 5.42 to 5.38. Such inverse relationship to MPR is not found in the ah hoc case and the average lane change frequency reaches the highest 5.48 at 40% MPR.' author: - - bibliography: - 'CAV\_HV\_Impact\_R1.bib' title: 'Clustering Strategies of Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control: Impacts on Human-driven Vehicles' --- CAV Clustering, Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control, Vehicle Trajectory Analysis, Mixed Traffic Condition, Traffic Flow Characteristics Introduction ============ Cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) enables closely-coupled vehicular platoons by the extra layers of communication and automation. Being one of the most-studied application of CAVs, CACC is expected to drastically increase mobility, decrease emission, while providing a safer and more convenient way for occupants. The CACC evaluation thus far has been focusing on the benefits that CAV could potentially bring to our transportation network. The potential impact on non-equipped vehicles (i.e. Human-driven vehicles(HVs)) has been overlooked. The motivation of the study is twofold. First, studying CACC under mixed traffic conditions in anticipation of its near-term deployment has gained an increasing amount of attention. It is the consensus that CACC can improve the performance of our transportation system. However, the possible change of the flow characteristic of HVs has often been overlooked. CACC may alter the behavior of the HVs especially when active clustering strategy is employed. The expected impact on HVs from CACC could include: the additional weaving during CACC clustering, the lane change by HVs induced by CACC clustering, increase collision risk, and lane blockage by CACC platoon. Furthermore, the majority of CACC studies focused on the longitudinal movement and put less emphasis on the lateral movement of CAVs which is vital in cooperative driving. The lateral control when it comes to local coordination of forming CACC platoons has to be taken into account, as the development of CACC vehicle progresses. By implementing local coordination, the CACC platoon ratio and consequently the network performance can be increased. In this paper, the comparison among ad hoc coordination and local coordination for CACC are made according to network-wide performance measures. The traffic flow characteristic of HVs was investigated with the emphasis on the interaction between HVs and CAVs based on the high-resolution vehicle trajectory data extracted from microscopic simulation. The proposed methodology developed is also suitable for extracting the driving behavioral data for field deployment and modeling heterogeneous traffic flow that is consisted of HVs and CAVs. Three scenarios are evaluated: base without CAVs, CAVs with ad hoc coordination, and CAVs with local coordination algorithm (e.g., active platoon formation). The organization of the remainder of the paper is as follows. Relevant research regarding research of CACC in mixed traffic will be reviewed in Section \[sect:Literature\], followed by the microscopic simulation framework in Section \[sect:framework\]. The simulation results are presented and discussed in Section \[sect:result\]. Lastly, findings and recommendations are discussed in Section \[sect:conclusion\]. CACC Research in Mixed Traffic {#sect:Literature} ============================== Impact of CACC -------------- CACC can positively increase the traffic performance with sufficient presence in the traffic flow. The reduced time headway and following distance have been recognized as the primary benefits of CACC. Arnaout and Arnaout [@arnaout2014exploring] proposed the Flexible Agent-based Simulator of Traffic framework for evaluating CACC with ad hoc coordination. Moderate, saturated, and over-saturated demand scenarios were tested on a hypothetical four-lane high highway under various of CACC market penetration rates (MPRs). The advantage of CACC showed when MPR was above 40% and the network was able to serve 9,400 out of 10,000 vehicles per hour (vph). Lee et al. [@lee2014mobility] evaluated the potential benefits for both mobility and safety under a wide range of traffic scenarios. It was found that the mobility benefits of CACC were shown at as less as 30% MPR. Songchitruksa et al. [@songchitruksa2016incorporating] evaluated the improvement of CACC on a 26-mile segment of the Dallas I-30 freeway. For simplification, zero demand from the on-ramps was assumed. The highest throughput was observed as 4,400 vph with local coordination, where only rear-join to a platoon was allowed. Van Arem et al. [@van2006impact] assessed the impact of CACC on freeway traffic flow on a 6-km, one-lane freeway with ramps distributed with 1.6-km interval. They found the capacity reached 4,250 vph per lane (vphpl) with full CACC penetration. With the same CACC model, Shladover et al. [@shladover2012impacts] studied the impact of CACC on freeway traffic flow on a one-lane freeway with no demand from ramps. The lane capacity was found to reach 3,600 vphpl at 90% MPR of CACC. All of the above studies assessed the potential benefits brought by CACC on the overall network. However, none of them has investigated the impact that CACC could bring to HVs, especially under local coordination in which a free-agent CAV is actively seeking and subsequently performing lane change to join a platoon. Nowakowski et al. [@nowakowski2010cooperative] studied the acceptance of the short following distance (ranging from 0.6 s to 1.1 s) enabled by CACC. As discovered, while all the drivers showed the willingness to accept the shorter following gaps, male participants were more likely to choose a shorter following distance. The carry-over effect of the short headway in manual driving was exhibited even after the disengagement from the platoons in the KONVOI project [@casey1992changes]. Gouy et al. [@GOUY2014264] investigated the behavioral adaptation effect that potentially caused by the short headway of CACC platoon using driving simulator. Participants were instructed to driver alongside with two CACC platoon configurations: 10-truck platoon with 0.3 s intra-platoon headway, and 3-truck platoon with 1.4 s intra-platoon headway. They found that smaller average time headway was observed when in the short headway scenario. In the first platoon scenarios, participants spent more time under a 1-second headway, which is deemed unsafe [@FAIRCLOUGH1997387]. Lin et al. [@LIN2009620] studied the time-gap of bus ACC system in three aspects: preferred time-gaps for expressway driving, time-gaps that maximized safety, and the influence of the secondary tasks to time-gaps. Calvert and Lint [@Calvert2017will] studied the negative effect of ACC on the system capacity using the propose ACC control. The simulation scenarios contained various traffic flow conditions in terms of demand and flow composition (e.g., ACC vehicles, trucks, etc.). They concluded that the small negative effect on road capacity did exist and it was caused by the higher gap times of ACC. CACC Coordination ----------------- There are three types of clustering strategies: ad hoc coordination, local coordination, and global coordination [@shladover2012impacts]. In this study, only the former two clustering strategies are evaluated due to the scope. Since global coordination requires advance planning for the travel demand at an origin-designation level. CAVs are coordinated to enter the highway in platoons. Global coordination is likely to be sub-optimal without a robust planning system to couple with the logistical challenge under dynamic traffic conditions. ### Ad hoc coordination Ad hoc coordination assumes random arrival of CAVs and no coordination among them. Therefore, the probability of driving behind another CAV is highly correlated to the market penetration rate (MPR). Ad hoc coordination has been observed in the majority of the research due to its simplicity in implementation and the lack of the conceptual framework for CAV platoon formation. However, the ad hoc coordination is not likely to harness the full potential of CACC, as it does not fully utilize the short intra-platoon headway enabled by the CAV technology. Exclusive lane, or other forms of managed lane, has been employed to aid the ad hoc clustering [@segata2012simulation]. In a sense, a CAV lane is a special form of coordination where the target lane is the CAV lane. ### Local coordination Local coordination facilities the platoon formation, where free-agent CAVs are actively seeking clustering opportunity in their surroundings. The subject CAV, as well as the surrounding CAVs can be coordinated to change trajectory to facilitate clustering. There are four basic types of lane change: free-agent-to-free-agent lane change, free-agent-to-platoon lane change, platoon-to-free-agent lane change, and platoon-to-platoon lane change [@wang2017developing]. Lee et al. [@lee2014mobility] developed a local coordination scheme which allows three ways to form a platoon: front-join, mid-join, and rear-join. The longitudinal control was a rule-based acceleration selection. Developed from Lee et al.’s coordination model, Zhong et al. [@Zhong2017a] implemented the MIXIC [@van2006impact] as car following model to study the CAV benefits for arterials. Lee et al.’s [@lee2014mobility] CACC algorithm was updated to using the EIDM for simulating CACC string behavior. The string formation and dispersion mechanism were enhanced, including preferential lane logic, platoon size restriction [@NAP25366]. Zhong [@zhong2018assessing] developed a CACC control model by combining E-IDM and the MOBIL model [@Kesting2007]. The MOBIL model is adopted as the mechanism to prevent lane changing of a free-agent CAV that may be potentially disruptive to the surrounding traffic. When a potential platooning opportunity is identified via V2V communication, the CACC system estimates the impacts on the immediate vehicles based on MOBIL should the lane change be initiated. The Lane-change Model with Relaxation and Synchronization (LMRS) model, proposed in [@Schakel2012], gives a normalized strategic lane-change score by taking into consideration of route, gain speed, and lane preference. For a higher desire score, the driver is willing to accept smaller headway and to decelerate more in LMRS. Calvert and Lint [@Calvert2017will] adopted the LMRS model in conjunction with the IDM+ [@Schakel2010effects] for evaluating the ACC. Evaluation Framework {#sect:framework} ==================== Simulation of Human Driving Behavior ------------------------------------ Human drivers can take into account more input stimulus (e.g., brake lights, next-nearest neighbors, etc.) with anticipation of the situation for the next few seconds [@treiber2013traffic]. All of these aspects can be formulated in terms of psycho-physiological models, such as Gipps’ model [@Gipps1981A] and Weidemann model [@Wiedemann1974]. Weidemann model was re-calibrated in [@reiter1994empirical] using an instrumented vehicle to measure the thresholds among difference driving states. The Weidemann model is used by Vissim as the as the default car-following model. The Vissim car-following model also includes the tactical driving behavior, which carries certain planning in advance with a temporal horizon (multiple time steps) or spatial horizon that is beyond neighboring vehicles [@barcelo2010fundamentals]. There are four different driving states in the Widemann model. free driving, approaching, following,and braking. The acceleration is primarily determined by the current speed, speed difference, and gap to the preceding vehicle for each of the four driving state. The Wiedemann-99 model, suitable for freeway application, has ten calibratable parameters to represent a wide range of driver behavior. Therefore, the Wiedmann model has to be calibrated to specific traffic stream data [@higgs2011analysis; @durrani2016calibrating], as it was initially developed on limited available data. The objective of the calibration process is to minimize the difference between the measured driving behavior in the field and the driving behavior simulated. There are two types of lane change in the Wiedemann model: necessary lane change and free lane change. The former focus on the hard constraint of the lane change, such as lane drop. The latter type is the focus of this study. Such lane change is performed when more space and higher speed is desired for a vehicle. As such, the safety distance plays an important role in the lane change behavior. A suitable gap is found based on the speed of the vehicle changing lane, and the approaching speed of the vehicle from behind on the lane [@ptv2018ptv] Quantify Impact to Human Driver ------------------------------- The trajectory data for HVs are also collected. A before-and-after study is the most straightforward way to assess the changes that are brought by CAVs. The ultimate goal is to determine whether the changes are of statistical significance. Figure \[fig: impactEvaluationMethod\] illustrates the study methodology. First, the human driving behavior is calibrated by multiple sources of data that were collected from the roadway segment of interest. The calibration effort was conducted in [@STOLT4]. With a calibrated behavior model, we then treat the car-following model as a black box. The input and the output to the human behavior model is stimuli (local traffic condition) and reactions of HVs, respectively. Then on a collective level, the traffic flow characteristics and vehicle trajectories are analyzed. \[h\] {width="\textwidth"} Simulation of CAV Driving Behavior ---------------------------------- Longitudinal control (or car-following) and lateral control are the two main components for simulating the behavior of CACC. Numerous car-following models have been proposed. Among them, the Gipps [@Gipps1981A], Wiedemann [@Wiedemann1974], the IDM [@Treiber2000] and its variants have been widely used. ### Longitudinal Control The Enhanced Intelligent Driver Model (E-IDM) [@Kesting2010] is adapt and the longitudinal control model, which is expressed in (\[eq: cahCal\]). $$\label{eq: cahCal} \begin{aligned} & \ddot{x} = \begin{cases} a[1-(\frac{\dot{x}}{\dot{x_{des}}})^{\delta }- (\frac{s^{*}(\dot{x}, \dot{x}_{lead})}{s_{0}})] & \\ \text{ if } x= \ddot{x}_{IDM} \geq \ddot{x}_{CAH} \\ (1-c)\ddot{x}_{IDM} + c[\ddot{x}_{CAH} + b \cdot tanh ( \frac{\ddot{x}_{IDM} - \ddot{x}_{CAH}}{b})] & \\ \text{otherwise} \end{cases}\\ \quad\\ & s^{*}(\dot{x}, \dot{x}_{lead}) = s_{0} + \dot{x}T + \frac{\dot{x}(\dot{x} - \dot{x}_{lead})}{2\sqrt{ab}} \\ \quad\\ & \ddot{x}_{CAH} = \begin{cases} \frac{\dot{x}^{2} \cdot \min(\ddot{x}_{lead}, \ddot{x})}{\dot{x}_{lead}^{2}-2x \cdot \min(\ddot{x}_{lead}, \ddot{x})} & \\ \text{ if } \dot{x}_{lead} (\dot{x} - \dot{x}_{lead}) \leq -2x \min(\ddot{x}_{lead}, \ddot{x}) \\ \min(\ddot{x}_{lead}, \ddot{x}) - \frac{(\dot{x}-\dot{x}_{lead})^{2} \Theta (\dot{x}- \dot{x}_{lead})}{2x} & \\ \text {otherwise} \end{cases} \end{aligned}$$ where $a$ is the maximum acceleration; $b$ is the desired deceleration; $c$ is the coolness factor; $\delta$ is the free acceleration exponent; $\dot{x}$ is the current speed of the subject vehicle; $\dot{x}_{des}$ is the desired speed, $\dot{x}_{lead}$ is the speed of the lead vehicle; $s_{0}$ is the minimal distance; $\ddot{x}$ is the acceleration of the subject vehicle; $\ddot{x}_{lead}$ is the acceleration of the lead vehicle; $\ddot{x}_{IDM}$ is the acceleration calculated by the original IDM model [@Treiber2000]; $T$ is the desired time gap; and $\ddot{x}_{CAH}$ is the acceleration calculated by the CAH component as shown in Eq.\[eq: cahCal\] where $\Theta$ is the Heaviside step function. ### Lateral Control and Coordination We assume all the CAVs are equipped with automated longitudinal control. Each CACC vehicle is able to detect the surrounding traffic and discern CAVs from HVs. Three cases are tested: 1. Base case: case without CAV traffic. This is the baseline for the case study network. The I-66 network has been calibrated. 2. Ad hoc coordination: the CACC system controls only the longitudinal control based on the Enhanced-IDM model. Lateral movement was controlled by the calibrated Wiedenmann model. 3. Local coordination: the CACC control cover both logitudinal and lateral aspects. It was developed in [@lee2014mobility]. The longitudinal control of the is replaced with E-IDM and the lateral control is assumed to be done by the automated driving system as well. A break-down of the cases is shown in Table \[table:scenario\]. Since the focus of the paper is the near-term deployment of CACC in mixed traffic condition, the MPR is set at a medium-to-low range from 0% to 40%. Cases Longitudinal Control Lateral Control --------------------- ---------------------- ----------------------------------------- Base calibrated Weidemann calibrated Weidemann Ad hoc coordination E-IDM calibrated Weidemann Local coordination E-IDM gap acceptance-based [@lee2014mobility] : Simulation Case \[table:scenario\] Case Study Network ------------------ In this study, an 8-km (5-mile) segment (Fig. \[fig: aaControlConfig\]) of Interstate Highway I-66 outside of the beltway (I-495) of Washington D.C. is used. This freeway segment has recurring congestion during weekdays, specifically in the eastbound direction in the morning and westbound direction in the afternoon. The roadway is with four lanes in each direction. The leftmost lane is an HOV 2+ lane with 1500 vphpl peak volume [@lu2014freeway]. Currently, no physical barrier is between the HOV lane and its adjacent GP lane. The Vissim simulation network is available via the U.S. DOT Open Source Application Development Portal [@OSDAP2015]. The calibration was conducted with two independent data sources (i.e., INRIX TMC travel time and RTMS flow data). \[H\] ![I-66 Simulation Testbed[]{data-label="fig: aaControlConfig"}](i66TestBed.eps "fig:"){width="50.00000%"} In anticipation of the increase of the traffic demand over time, we assume a 30% growth in traffic demand from the baseline of the calibrated network. Each deployment scenarios was run five times with different random seeds to factor in the variability of the traffic condition. The duration of the simulation is 3900 s, the first 300 s of which is used to load the network with traffic. No data is collected during this period. The evaluation of the impact is based on the following assumptions: - a low-level vehicle controller for longitudinal (e.g., throttle, brake) and lateral (e.g., steering) control is available. This study only focuses on the tactical driving aspect of vehicle operation. - a calibrated driving behavior model in Vissim with real-world data constitutes a good representation of the human driver. - vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication is perfect (no interference or packet loss). - human drivers do not differentiate CAVs and other HVs as followers Results & Discussion {#sect:result} ==================== The vehicle trajectory data are collected every 0.5 s, which offers a snapshot of the prevailing traffic condition. Not only vehicle dynamic data, but also the interaction state including driving state, interacting vehicle, etc. is available. Network Performance ------------------- Fig. \[fig:netPems\] shows the benefits that CACC bring to the transportation network. Fig. \[fig:netPems\](a) shows the ratio of vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and vehicle-hours traveled (VHT). VMT is the output of a transportation system, whereas VHT is considered the input to a transportation system. The ratio of VMT and VHT ratio is referred as Q [@Caltrain2013aGuide], which represents the output of a transportation system with the unit value of the input. In short, the higher the value of the Q, the more productive a transportation system is. Both of the ad hoc and local coordination strategies exhibit an increasing trend as the MPR increases. It is notable that the benefits gained by ad hoc coordination show a diminishing increase after 30% MPR. In comparison, local coordination displays a linear increasing pattern for the performance gain. When it comes to network throughput, Fig. \[fig:netPems\](b) shows that the ad hoc coordination does not increase the network throughput at 10% MPR: the throughput remains as 9398 vph. After 10% MPR, the throughput for ad hoc coordination increases with a liner pattern, which matches the underlying operational implication of ad hoc coordination. The throughput reaches the highest 10167 vph at 40%. With local coordination, additional throughput is observed even at 10% MPR. Then the slope of the throughput curve is greater at the MPR range between 10% and 30% than other tested MPR values. It also shows that the rate of increase of the throughput decrease after 30% MPR. Moreover, the vertical distance indicates the magnitude that the local coordination outperforms the ad hoc coordination at each level of MPR. The greatest difference is observed at 30% MPR. \ Hard Braking Observations ------------------------- Hard braking observation has been used as a safety measure. Abrupt braking is likely an indication of a hazardous traffic situation that drivers respond to [@bagdadi2011jerky]. Hard braking observations are recorded when the acceleration of a vehicle is less than -3 $m/s^2$. Recall our primary focus is the HVs. There are two types of hard braking: the first one occurs when an HV interacts with another HV; whereas the second type occurs when an HV interacts with a CAV. The hard braking observation for HVs when they interact with other HVs is shown in Fig. \[fig:hdCdfHv\](a). Similar patterns of the cumulative distribution function (CDF) curves for hard braking are observed across the testing scenarios. Fig. \[fig:hdCdfHv\](b) shows the sample size for each scenario. The primary factor for the decreasing trend is the reduction of HVs the traffic stream. The linear trend also infers that the likelihood of hard braking remains at the same level. \ Fig. \[fig:hdCdf\](a) shows the CDF curves of the hard breaking observations recorded for HVs when they interact with CAVs under each scenario. The CDFs show two distinctive patterns between two coordination strategies. In the ad hoc coordination cases, the CDFs are with similar distributions. On the other hand, the CDF curves of the local coordination are more sensitive to MPR. The probability of hard braking in the range from -6.5 to -3.5 $m/s^2$ drastically increases even at 10% MPR. The occurrence of hard braking event keeps at the same level in ad hoc coordination; whereas the occurrence of coordination strategy shows an increasing trend until 30% MPR where the value peaks. The sample size is shown in Fig. \[fig:hdCdf\](b). Both strategies exhibit an increasing trend until 30 % MPR, then a declining occurrence after 30% MPR. With the same amount of CAVs, the hard breaking is more sensitive to MPR in Local coordination then that in ad hoc strategy. \ Two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test is adapted to further analyze the CDF curves. The K-S test is a powerful tool for testing the hypothesis that whether two random samples have been drawn from the same population [@goodman1954kolmogorov]. It is a non-parametric test where no assumption is made regarding the distribution of the variables [@young1977proof]. The null hypothesis ($H_0$) of the K-S test is that the comparing two sample sets are from the same continuous distribution. The the two-sample K-S test is conducted for hard braking for each pair of the scenarios at 5% significance level. The hypothesis tests show that any pair of the scenarios rejects the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis that the two samples are not from the same distribution. The $H_0$ is not rejected only in the ad hoc coordination case at 20% and 30% MPR. Lane Change Activity -------------------- Fig. \[fig: lcFreqHV\] shows the accumulative lane change instance recorded at ever 0.5 s for all HVs. The lane change activity of CACC is not recorded as the scope of the paper is confined to HVs. The lane change activity decrease as the MPR of CACC increase in either of the coordination strategies. Local coordination is marginally higher than the ad hoc one when the MPR is low. At 40% MPR, they reach the same level of lane change activity. However, recall that the number of HV within the network decreases as the MPR of CACC increase. As such, the average lane change frequency for each HV is calculated and plotted in Fig. \[fig: lcFreqHV\] as well. The local coordination strategy shows a higher average lane change frequency at 10% and 20% MPR. The average lane change frequency peaks at 30%, then reduced to 5.38 from 5.42. On the contrary, the increasing trend for ah hoc clustering keeps increasing and reach 5.46 and 5.48 at 30% and 40%, respectively. 30% is the break-even point when it comes to average lane change frequency. \[h\] In summary, the local coordination strategy outperforms ah hoc coordination strategy across all levels of MPR in terms of network throughput and productivity. However, the induced hard braking for HV should not be overlooked. The distribution of hard braking for HVs changes substantially when they interacting with CAVs under local coordination. Compared to ad hoc coordination at the same MPR, the probability of the hard braking event in the range of -7.3 to -6.5 $m/s^2$ is higher. Local coordination causes a higher average lane change frequency for HV at low MPRs (i.e., 10% and 20%). It starts to decrease after reaching 30% MPR, whereas in the ad hoc strategy the average lane change frequency maintains the increasing trend. Conclusion {#sect:conclusion} ========== In this paper, we investigate the two types of coordination strategies for CAV platoon formation. Platoon clustering strategy is a crucial aspect when it comes to deploying CAV in mixed traffic condition in the near term. Agreeing with previous studies, CAV is able to bring benefits to the transportation network even with ad hoc coordination. Adapting local coordination can further increase the benefits. The impact on HVs is quantified. The distribution of the hard braking observation for HVs, when interacting with CAVs, change substantially with local coordination strategy for platoon formation. In comparison, the distributions for HVs when interacting with other HV show no substantial changes. The average lane change for HVs increases with the presence of CAVs until 30% MPR is reached. Future research would be focused on the following areas. First, the lateral control is an underexplored area compared to longitudinal control of CAVs. Further investigation of platoon formation in mixed traffic is desired. Currently, there are only a few platoon coordination algorithms, most of which are rule-based. Second, the aggressiveness of the lane change for CAVs when forming a platoon is also an important aspect. As shown, the characteristic of the HVs traffic could be altered. Some of the changes could pose safety concerns for HVs. Third, the comparison between clustering strategies should be expanded to include additional local coordination strategies.

Mark Daniel Ronson (born 4 September 1975) is a music producer from London, England. Ronson has released two albums. His first, released in 2003, was mainly hip hop music. His second, in 2007, featured British singers and musicians performing many different genres and styles. Early life Ronson's mother, Ann Dexter-Jones, is a writer, and his father used to work in the music industry. He has two twin sisters, Charlotte and Samantha. Samantha is also a musical artist, and a well known LA DJ. Charlotte is a well known clothing designer and owns several clothing stores. Ronson's family are ethnically Jewish. Ronson became interested in hip hop when he moved to New York City, aged 8. He went New York University, and became a popular DJ in New York during the 1990s. Albums Ronson's first album was called Here Comes the Fuzz, a hip hop album featuring artists such as Ghostface Killah. It was released in 2003. It reached #70 in the music charts. His second album, Version, was more successful. It sold more, and was nominated for a number of awards. It featured lead vocals by the likes of Amy Winehouse, Lily Allen, Robbie Williams, and others famous British singers too. Jordan Galland, an American musican also contributed to it. The artists performed cover songs, (which means the songs were new 'versions' of old songs - the word "version" was originally used in this context by the Reggae scene) but what made this second album stand out was the return to the use of professional arrangers and a full brass section. At a time when other producers such as Timbaland had made a name for themselves by producing simple stripped down backing beats, the sound was a complete change of direction. The brass section that Ronson used was the Dap-Kings who usually performed with Sharon Jones. It reached #2 in the British charts. Other websites MarkRonson.co.uk Official home page MySpace.com/MarkRonson Ronson's MySpace page

INTERCONTINENTAL REAL ESTATE CORP. PICKS UP 5TH+COLORADO Jan 1, 2018 Boston-based Intercontinental Real Estate Corp. purchased 5th+Colorado, adding a trophy office tower to the Austin properties in its portfolio. Lincoln Property developed the 18-story tower in a partnership with Goldman Sachs. Opened in 2016, 5th+Colorado is one of a handful of office properties completed in a sea of residential towers, roughly in line with properties such as Colorado Tower, Frost Bank Tower and the recently opened 500 West Second St. The Austin Business Journal reported earlier this year the sale of the tower could pull down $120M, which would be a record $670/SF in the Austin commercial market. Intercontinental praised the strategic location and strong mix of tenants. “The acquisition of the 5th & Colorado office tower provides Intercontinental and our investors with yet another great opportunity in the Austin, Texas, market,” CEO Peter Palandjian said in a release. “This investment aligns perfectly with our strategy to target core investments in a highly dynamic market.” Lead tenants include Indeed, co-working space Industrious and Plains Capital Bank, with an available 6K SF restaurant on the ground floor. But the property has not been without its problems, including a widely reported issue of falling debris last March. A subsequent city inspection found no code violations on the property. InterContinental’s properties in Austin also include the Pressler and 5th Street Commons apartments, plus a portfolio of about 500K SF of office space in six properties outside of Downtown. The tower, in the warehouse district, had a multiyear history in Austin’s development pipeline. Once a low-rise warehouse, the site originally was slated for a high-end hotel in 2010, followed by the announcement of plans for an office tower in 2014.”

Brach is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France. Communes in Gironde

Q: What did Acton mean by saying "absolute power corrupts absolutely"? John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton said that "[p]ower tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely." What did he mean by this? How might power compel evil or restrict free will? A: NOTE: This answer was given to a previous incarnation of this question. The block quotes I am responding to come from this incarnation. If I have the time I will modify my answer to respond more directly to this version of the question. When a person is placed in a position of absolute power, is it necessarily true that this power will condemn that person to commit evil acts? No, it isn't necessarily true, and that isn't a part of the claim Acton is making. Note the use of the word "tends". Many people have defended the possibility of a benevolent dictator. Plato's Republic advances an oligarchy of "Philosopher Kings", which he thought would produce the best society. In effect, does power restrict free will? I don't think there is any very interesting connection between these two concepts, if anything it seems to be the opposite. Someone with absolute (unchallengeable) power would be faced with no external compulsions and so (assuming the possibility of free will) would have the best chance at freely acting. NOTE: The following is a bit of an aside that is only indirectly relevant, but which you may, nevertheless, find interesting. There is, however, an interesting claim that Socrates makes in Plato's Gorgias: I say, Polus, that both orators and tyrants have the least power in their cities, as I was saying just now. For they do just about nothing they want to, though they certainly do whatever they see most fit to do. (Gorgias, 466e) This weird claim has to do with Socrates' denial of akrasia, or weakness of will, where you act against what you believe to be best. Essentially, the claim he makes here is tyrants who commit evil are, in fact, slaves to their stupidity (to put it rather crudely). For, Socrates contends, they are making mistakes in measurement and wrongly considering the evil act to be the best. This is, in fact, a bit of a caricature of the view, at least it doesn't explain it fully. I just thought it was interesting in connection with your question and presents a view on which "doing whatever you see fit" is not to have great power. It is also a view on which someone with the ability to do whatever they see fit actually does very little that they want to do.

Juvigny, Aisne is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France. Communes in Aisne

Kinetics of halide release of haloalkane dehalogenase: evidence for a slow conformational change. Haloalkane dehalogenase converts haloalkanes to their corresponding alcohols and halides. The reaction mechanism involves the formation of a covalent alkyl-enzyme complex which is hydrolyzed by water. The active site is a hydrophobic cavity buried between the main domain and the cap domain of the enzyme. The enzyme has a broad substrate specificity, but the kcat values of the enzyme for the best substrates 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,2-dibromoethane are rather low (3 and 3.5 s-1, respectively). Stopped-flow fluorescence experiments with substrate under single-turnover conditions indicated that halide release could limit the overall kcat. Furthermore, at 5mM 1,2-dibromoethane the observed rate of substrate binding to free enzyme was faster than 700 s-1 (within the dead time of the stopped-flow instrument) whereas displacement of halide by 5mM 1,2-dibromoethane occurred at a rate of only 8 s-1. The binding of bromide and chloride to free enzyme was also studied using stopped-flow fluorescence, and the dependence of kobs on the halide concentration suggested that there were two parallel routes for halide binding. One route, in which a slow enzyme isomerization is followed by rapid halide binding, was predominant at low halide concentrations. The other route involves rapid binding into an initial collision complex followed by a slow enzyme isomerization step and prevailed at higher halide concentrations. The overall rate of halide release was low and limited by a slow enzyme isomerization preceding actual release (9 and 14.5 s-1 for bromide and chloride, respectively). We propose that this slow isomerization is a conformational change in the cap domain that is necessary to allow water to enter and solvate the halide ion. A solvent kinetic isotope effect of 2H2O was found both on kcat and on the rate of halide release. 2H2O mainly affected the rate of the conformational change, which is in agreement with this step being rate-limiting and the overall stabilizing effect of 2H2O on the conformation of proteins.

Siegmund Nissel (January 3, 1922 - May 21, 2008) was aBritish violinist who played second violin in the famous Amadeus Quartet. Siegmund (Sigi) Nissel was born in Munich to a Jewish family from Vienna. He began playing the violin at the age of 6. His mother died when he was 9. He was taken by his father to Vienna, where his teachers included Max Weissgarber. Soon the political situation became dangerous for Jews in Austria and so, in 1938, the young Nissel was sent from Vienna to Great Britain. When World War II started Nissel was interned on the Isle of Man. There he met the violinist Peter Schidlof and later Norbert Brainin. They played a lot of music together. Then they were set free because they were talented musicians. They studied with the famous violin teacher Max Rostal. There they met the British cellist, Martin Lovett whose wife was a pupil of Rostal. The four men played string quartets together, with Peter Schidlof now playing viola. At first they called themselves the Brainin Quartet, but then Nissel had the idea of the name Amadeus Quartet (Amadeus being one of Mozart's names). The Amadeus Quartet (which their friends often called the Wolf Gang), gave its first concert in the Wigmore Hall, London in 1948. The hall was full and hundreds of people were turned away. After this concert they were invited to perform all over the world. They became the most famous string quartet group of their time. They made about 200 recordings. They were especially known for playing quartets by the great classical composers Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert and Brahms, but they also played works by 20th-century composers such as Bartok and Benjamin Britten (who wrote his third quartet for them). Nissel was the one who organized all the business side for the group. When Schidlof died from a heart attack in 1987, the Amadeus Quartet no longer existed. Nissel became a well-known teacher of young quartets at the Royal Academy of Music. Although he had an operation for a brain tumour in 1960 and also a heart bypass he lived to the age of 86. He was a family man who had a wife, son, daughter and three grandchildren. He had many honours including an OBE (1970), and honorary doctorates from York University and the Royal Academy of Music Further reading Muriel Nissel, Married to the Amadeus: Life with a String Quartet, [], Giles de la Mare Publishers Limited, 1998 (a memoir of her "marriage" to the Amadeus by Nissel's wife)

Let's start with turnovers. And not just turnovers, but turnovers at inopportune times and at inopportune areas of the field. From the Reggie Bush fumble, to the Tannehill pick 6. And honestly, I stopped watching the game in the 3rd quarter so I am not even sure what happened on the 3rd interception. Preparation - this team obviously came out unprepared and were perhaps looking forward to the division game against the Bills. What did the coaches do this week? Heart - this team showed no heart once it got down by three scores. Defense - they allowed a 100 yard rusher for the first time in 22 games. The run defense and the running game have left the building. It is difficult to win games when you can't win in the trenches. And where was the gameplan to contain a running quarterback with accuracy issues? The Ugly The Titans had something to prove after an absolutely embarassing loss to the Bears. Now the Dolphins have suffered an absolutely embarassing loss. How do you not prepare for the other team coming out with fire? Overall Not much to say here guys. This was an all around collapse. Worse home loss since 1968. Thursday's game against the Bills will say a lot about these players and this coaching staff. Thursday's game against the Bills will say a lot about these players and this coaching staff. You hit the nail on the head. This was an overall bad performance. We looked flat in all three phases of the game. We flat out got whooped. How we respond this week will tell us a lot about the heart of this team. It's gut check time. I think this game comes down to what is between the ears. Even from the beginning they didn't seem to be in the game mentally. Maybe they were thinking about the upcoming Bills game? I just have a hard time imagining Philben not impressing on them to win the game before them. I hate to say that they had a lack of heart, but what else can you say after watching that game. It was a total beat-down by one of the lesser teams in the NFL.

Saalekreis is a district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. History The district was established by merging the former districts of Merseburg-Querfurt and Saalkreis as part of the boundary changes of 2007. Towns and municipalities

Mit dem Computer verschmelzen Technikvisionäre planen eine Welt, in der Computer unsere Gedanken lesen. Auch das US-Verteidigungsministerium unterstützt Forschung in diese Richtung. Heute kommunizieren manche Personen über eine Elektrodenkappe mit dem Computer. (Bild: Alexandra Wey, Keystone) Der Unternehmer Elon Musk will wieder einmal die Welt retten. Er glaubt, dass intelligente Roboter uns eines Tages überlegen sein werden. Um zu verhindern, dass sie die Weltherrschaft übernähmen, müsse der Mensch über sich selbst hinauswachsen und mit der künstlichen Intelligenz verschmelzen.

Strathclyde Partnership for Transport runs the public transport for the Strathclyde area of western Scotland. This includes the Glasgow Subway. Greater Glasgow Passenger Transport Executive set up in 1972. In 1983 it was replaced by the Strathclyde Passenger Transport Executive. In 1996 it became the Strathclyde Passenger Transport Authority. It turned into Strathclyde Partnership for Transport in 2006, and is now responsible for planning all regional transport.

Newswise — LA JOLLA, CA—May 14, 2014—A vaccine or other therapy directed at a single site on a surface protein of HIV could in principle neutralize nearly all strains of the virus—thanks to the diversity of targets the site presents to the human immune system. The finding, from a study led by scientists at The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), is likely to influence future designs for HIV vaccines and antibody-based therapies. “We found, for example, that if the virus tries to escape from an antibody directed at that site by eliminating one of its sugars, the antibody often can latch on to a neighboring sugar instead,” said TSRI Professor Dennis R. Burton, who is also scientific director of the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) Neutralizing Antibody Center and of the National Institutes of Health’s Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVI-ID) on TSRI’s La Jolla campus. Burton was the senior investigator for the study, which appears in the May 15 issue of Science Translational Medicine. Master of Disguise HIV infection is nearly always fatal, if untreated, because the virus is extremely effective at evading the human immune response. Its main strategy is to cover its most exposed parts, the flower-like envelope protein (Env) structures that grab and penetrate host cells, with rapidly mutating decoy proteins and antibody-resistant sugar molecules called glycans. Yet scientists in the past decade have managed to find a few accessible sites on Env where the protein and glycan structures don’t change much, because they are involved in crucial viral functions. Certain rare antibodies can grab these relatively unvarying structures and thereby neutralize a wide range of viral strains. A future HIV vaccine would stimulate the immune system to produce high levels of such “broadly neutralizing antibodies,” to provide effective protection from HIV infection. To reach that goal, researchers need to understand better how these antibodies interact with their protein/glycan target sites, particularly when those sites differ, at least subtly, among viral strains. Blocking Escape In the new study, Burton’s team examined a vulnerable site on Env, known as the “high-mannose patch” for the frequency of molecules called mannoses on its glycans. Some of the most effective antibodies against HIV are targeted against this site. One, PGT121, was recently shown both to protect from new infection and to cause a long-term knockdown of established infection in macaque monkeys. The high-mannose patch on Env is centered on a glycan attachment point designated as N332. At least one recent study has suggested that HIV can “escape” a broadly neutralizing antibody response by mutating in a way that shifts the glycan at this site from N332 to N334. But Burton’s team, including the two lead authors, graduate student Devin Sok and postdoctoral fellow Katie J. Doores, determined that many of the N332-directed antibodies can still neutralize the virus even when it shifts the glycan to N334. “Escape does not necessarily follow a shift in the glycan site from N332 to N334,” Sok said. In fact, the team found that a surprising number of antibodies directed at N332 or N334 continue to neutralize HIV even when no glycan is present at either site—apparently because they are able to grab other glycans within the high-mannose patch. One of the implications of the study is that a broadly neutralizing antibody directed at HIV’s high-mannose patch doesn’t necessarily have a single defined target point—it might find different ways to bind to the available glycans with high enough affinity to neutralize the virus. And although vaccine researchers have widely assumed that a successful HIV vaccine would have to target multiple vulnerable sites on the virus, the new findings suggest that they may not need to. For the sake of thoroughness, they still aim to do so, but in principle, targeting HIV’s high-mannose patch alone, with diverse types or clones of antibody, could neutralize a high proportion of viral isolates, perhaps 90%, and block most avenues of viral escape. That appears to put the high-mannose patch at the top of the list of target sites for candidate HIV vaccines. Other contributors to the study, “Promiscuous glycan site recognition by antibodies to the high-mannose patch of gp120 broadens neutralization of HIV,” were Bryan Briney, Khoa M. Le, Karen F. Saye-Francisco, Daniel W. Kulp, Jean-Philippe Julien, Sergey Menis, and Ian A. Wilson, all of TSRI; Alejandra Ramos, Lalinda Wickramasinghe, William R. Schief and Pascal Poignard, all of TSRI and IAVI, and Michael S. Seaman of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Katie J. Doores is now a researcher at Kings College, London. The research was funded in part by the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative’s Neutralizing Antibody Consortium (SFP1849), the National Institutes of Health (R01 AI033292, AI84817, 1U19AI090970, UM1AI100663, 5T32AI007606-10), the Canadian Institutes of Health, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (38619). IAVI’s work is made possible by generous support from many donors including: the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark; Irish Aid; the Ministry of Finance of Japan; the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands; the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD); the United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID), and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The full list of IAVI donors is available at www.iavi.org. About The Scripps Research Institute The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) is one of the world's largest independent, not-for-profit organizations focusing on research in the biomedical sciences. TSRI is internationally recognized for its contributions to science and health, including its role in laying the foundation for new treatments for cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, hemophilia, and other diseases. An institution that evolved from the Scripps Metabolic Clinic founded by philanthropist Ellen Browning Scripps in 1924, the institute now employs about 3,000 people on its campuses in La Jolla, CA, and Jupiter, FL, where its renowned scientists—including three Nobel laureates—work toward their next discoveries. The institute's graduate program, which awards PhD degrees in biology and chemistry, ranks among the top ten of its kind in the nation. For more information, see www.scripps.edu.

Eva Fodor Nolding (November 9, 1919 - December 10, 2017), known professionally as Eva Todor was a Hungarian-born Brazilian actress. She was born in Budapest, Hungary. She emigrated to Brazil in 1929. Todor was best known for her television roles in Roque Santeiro, Locomotivas, Partido Alto, Olho no Olho, O Cravo e a Rosa, America, India A Love Story, Salve Jorge and in As Brasileiras. Her movie roles include Os Dois Ladroes, Xuxa Abracadabra and Meu Nome Nao E Johnny. Todor died in Rio de Janeiro on December 10, 2017 of pneumonia while suffering from Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease at the age of 98.

package loclist import ( "encoding/binary" "github.com/go-delve/delve/pkg/dwarf/godwarf" ) // Reader represents a loclist reader. type Reader interface { Find(off int, staticBase, base, pc uint64, debugAddr *godwarf.DebugAddr) (*Entry, error) Empty() bool } // Dwarf2Reader parses and presents DWARF loclist information for DWARF versions 2 through 4. type Dwarf2Reader struct { data []byte cur int ptrSz int } // NewDwarf2Reader returns an initialized loclist Reader for DWARF versions 2 through 4. func NewDwarf2Reader(data []byte, ptrSz int) *Dwarf2Reader { return &Dwarf2Reader{data: data, ptrSz: ptrSz} } // Empty returns true if this reader has no data. func (rdr *Dwarf2Reader) Empty() bool { return rdr.data == nil } // Seek moves the data pointer to the specified offset. func (rdr *Dwarf2Reader) Seek(off int) { rdr.cur = off } // Next advances the reader to the next loclist entry, returning // the entry and true if successful, or nil, false if not. func (rdr *Dwarf2Reader) Next(e *Entry) bool { e.LowPC = rdr.oneAddr() e.HighPC = rdr.oneAddr() if e.LowPC == 0 && e.HighPC == 0 { return false } if e.BaseAddressSelection() { e.Instr = nil return true } instrlen := binary.LittleEndian.Uint16(rdr.read(2)) e.Instr = rdr.read(int(instrlen)) return true } // Find returns the loclist entry for the specified PC address, inside the // loclist stating at off. Base is the base address of the compile unit and // staticBase is the static base at which the image is loaded. func (rdr *Dwarf2Reader) Find(off int, staticBase, base, pc uint64, debugAddr *godwarf.DebugAddr) (*Entry, error) { rdr.Seek(off) var e Entry for rdr.Next(&e) { if e.BaseAddressSelection() { base = e.HighPC + staticBase continue } if pc >= e.LowPC+base && pc < e.HighPC+base { return &e, nil } } return nil, nil } func (rdr *Dwarf2Reader) read(sz int) []byte { r := rdr.data[rdr.cur : rdr.cur+sz] rdr.cur += sz return r } func (rdr *Dwarf2Reader) oneAddr() uint64 { switch rdr.ptrSz { case 4: addr := binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(rdr.read(rdr.ptrSz)) if addr == ^uint32(0) { return ^uint64(0) } return uint64(addr) case 8: addr := uint64(binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(rdr.read(rdr.ptrSz))) return addr default: panic("bad address size") } } // Entry represents a single entry in the loclist section. type Entry struct { LowPC, HighPC uint64 Instr []byte } // BaseAddressSelection returns true if entry.highpc should // be used as the base address for subsequent entries. func (e *Entry) BaseAddressSelection() bool { return e.LowPC == ^uint64(0) }

Clark County is a county in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, 3,837 people lived there. Its county seat is Clark. It was created in 1873.

# TestOut Name = TestOutCapabilities; Version = 0.3; Author = "HaaTa (Jacob Alexander) 2014-2018"; # Modified Date Date = 2018-01-07; # Enable define Output_TestOutEnabled = "1"; Output_TestOutEnabled => Output_TestOutEnabled_define; # Make sure RawIO is enabled enableRawIO = 1;

is a Japanese martial art. History Kendo means the "way of the sword". The rules and gear of kendo were first created in the 18th century, and its modern rules and styles date to the 19th century. Rules An opponent may be struck at seven places: both sides and top of helmet (men), on either hand (gloves, kote) or either side of the body breastplate (do). There is also one legal thrust (tsuki) on throat. The "men" can only be struck from face, not from back. However, only one of the two hands can be struck, it depends on which kind of posture("kamae") your opponent are using. A struck to the right side of body(one kind of "do") will often be ignored by referee because in the old days samurai will have a smaller sword in this position, which gives this position a good protection. Very important, because "tsuki" is somehow dangerous, junior practicer perform "tsuki" is forbidden both in match and daily training. In a match, the attacker must name the location of each strike. Often, name these locations by Japanese list before("men","kote","do","tsuki"), but some people will name it by Korean or Chinese or other language, or even a meaningless shout. All these kinds of shout name "kiai". An effective attack must contains "kiai" besides other essential factors. Equipment The weapon used in kendo is a bamboo sword, called shinai. The kendo armour, which the players must wear, is called bogu and is made of a helmet (men), breastplate (do), waist protector (tare), and special gloves (kote). Lesson contents Lesson is called keiko in kendo. keiko means that We think about past. kendo's keiko is distinguished between shinai keiko and kata keiko. the building which we do kendo is called dojyo. In particular keiko done in summer is shochugeiko and one done in winter is kangeiko. shinaikeiko keiko which use shinai and bogu suburi (waiving sword many times to improve your muscle) kirikaeshi (Striking partner's men consecutively and confirming sword handling) uchikomi keiko (Training basic strike like men, kote, doetc.) oikomi keiko kakari geiko (Striking where partner show a plow as many as possible in time) ji geiko shiai geiko Related pages Fencing Sports in Japan

Astenois Astenois (Latin pagus Stadunensis) was a pagus, the most basic division of territory in the Roman and Frankish empires. In the Middle Ages, it comprised the parishes of the deaconries of Sainte-Menehould and Possesse. Originally a part of Lotharingia, by the eleventh century its southern part belonged to the Holy Roman Empire and its northern part to the Kingdom of France. The original seat of its counts was at Le Vieil-Dampierre. Traditionally, Astenois, Dormois and Castrice, the three eastern pagi of the archdiocese of Reims were held to belong to the empire. In the eleventh century, as part of a general fragmentation of power in the region, new counties were formed which did not correspond to ancient pagi but were instead named after their main castles. The county of Astenois, which did correspond to an old pagus, became known as the county of Dampierre after its rulers' chief fortress. The counts of Astenois were originally a cadet branch of the counts of Toul. The county was produced through the division of the patrimony of Frederick II. The elder son, Renard III, received Toul, while the younger, Peter, received Astenois. Astenois may originally have been a small fief of the bishops of Toul. It may have passed from the last count of the old line, Renard II, to the first count of the new, Frederick I, through the marriage of the latter to the former's daughter, Gertrude, at the same time as the bishop made Frederick count of Toul (1059). Frederick and Gertrude's son, Frederick II, then divided the patrimony for his sons. __NOTOC__ List of counts and lords Peter Frederick Henry Renard I Renard II Renard III Renard IV Anselm I Anselm II John I John II Notes Sources Further reading Category:Subdivisions of the Holy Roman Empire Category:Medieval France

Brent Eleigh is a village and civil parish in Babergh, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 174 people living in Brent Eleigh.

Police search for driver in Glasgow hit and run Two women struck, one in critical condition after hit and run in Pencader Corporate Center Staff Reports Police are looking for the car that was involved in a hit and run this morning in Glasgow that left two women injured. At 7:30 a.m. Sept. 25, Delaware State Police said that a car struck a 52-year-old Wilmington woman and a 67-year-old Newark woman who were walking in the Pencader Corporate Center. The driver and type of vehicle are unknown and the vehicle is possibly black in color, police said. The women were walking eastbound on the side of the roadway on Corporate Boulevard approaching Lake Drive, police said. A car that was traveling eastbound on Corporate Boulevard struck them from behind while they were walking and drove off without stopping. The 52-year-old woman was taken to the Christiana Hospital Trauma Center and admitted in critical condition with multiple traumatic injuries. The 67-year-old woman was taken to the hospital and is being treated for non-life threatening injuries. Police said that treatment and disposition are unknown at this point and the pedestrians' names are being with held pending next of kin notification. Troopers are continuing to collect evidence at the scene to determine the make and model of the vehicle and are attempting to locate the driver that fled the crash. Anyone with information in reference to this incident is asked to contact the Crash Reconstruction Unit at Troop 2 at (302) 834-2620 Ext. 278 or Delaware Crime Stoppers at 1-800-TIP-3333.

Govindpuri is located in South Delhi near Kalkaji and Okhla. Earlier there was a Cemetery at this place. It was redeveloped around 50-60 years ago. It has a Metro station by the same name Govindpuri. The violet line of Delhi Metro passes around this area. Govindpuri is situated on a small hilly area name Tuglakabad which was earlier a part of a Cemetery. Constituency Lok Sabha Constituency Govindpuri comes under South Delhi (Lok Sabha constituency).The MP of the area is Ramesh Bidhuri. Vidhan Sabha Constituency It comes under Kalkaji Delhi Assembly Constituency. The MLA of the area is Atishi Marlena. Places to shop Vishal Megamart Rampuri Market Educational Institutes The Small Wonder Play School Govind Puri, Kalkaji Acharya Narendra Dev College Dlhi University

[Interstitial pneumonia in patients with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 infection]. Pulmonary involvement has been demonstrated in patients with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy (HAM/TSP) or with HTLV-1 uveitis. Pulmonary lesions in these patients are characterized by T-lymphocyte alveolitis. Interestingly, HLTV-1-infected cells were markedly increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) obtained from patients with HAM/TSP and those with HTLV-1 uveitis compared to asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers. Furthermore, the proportion of HTLV-1-infected cells was much higher in BALF than in peripheral blood. These results suggest that increased HTLV-1-infected cells play an important role in evolution of T-lymphocyte alveolitis associated with HTLV-1 infection.

Betty Jane Bierce (August 7, 1918 - May 21, 2014), better known by her stage name Jane "Poni" Adams, was an American actress. Her career lasted from 1942 until 1953. Her best known role was as Nina in the movie House of Dracula (1945). Adams was born in San Antonio, Texas. She received a full scholarship to Juilliard, which she later turned down to become model and later an actress. Adams was married to Thomas Turnage from 1945 until his death in 2000. The couple had two children. Adams died from natural causes on May 21, 2014 in Palm Desert, California, aged 95.

/* * Copyright (c) 2008-2016 Haulmont. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. * */ package com.haulmont.cuba.gui.xml.layout.loaders; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.GuiDevelopmentException; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.components.Fragment; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.components.sys.FragmentImplementation; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.components.sys.FrameImplementation; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.config.WindowConfig; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.config.WindowInfo; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.logging.ScreenLifeCycle; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.model.impl.ScreenDataImpl; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.screen.FrameOwner; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.screen.ScreenFragment; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.screen.ScreenOptions; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.sys.FragmentContextImpl; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.sys.FragmentHelper; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.sys.FragmentHelper.FragmentLoaderInitTask; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.sys.ScreenContextImpl; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.sys.UiControllerProperty; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.xml.layout.ComponentLoader; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.xml.layout.LayoutLoader; import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.xml.layout.ScreenXmlLoader; import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils; import org.dom4j.Element; import org.perf4j.StopWatch; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.List; import static com.haulmont.cuba.gui.logging.UIPerformanceLogger.createStopWatch; import static com.haulmont.cuba.gui.screen.UiControllerUtils.*; import static com.haulmont.cuba.gui.sys.FragmentHelper.FragmentLoaderInjectTask; import static com.haulmont.cuba.gui.sys.FragmentHelper.NAME; public class FragmentComponentLoader extends ContainerLoader<Fragment> { protected ComponentLoader fragmentLoader; protected ComponentLoaderContext innerContext; @Override public void createComponent() { String src = element.attributeValue("src"); String screenId = element.attributeValue("screen"); if (src == null && screenId == null) { throw new GuiDevelopmentException("Either 'src' or 'screen' must be specified for 'frame'", context, "fragment", element.attributeValue("id")); } String fragmentId; if (element.attributeValue("id") != null) { fragmentId = element.attributeValue("id"); } else if (screenId != null){ fragmentId = screenId; } else { fragmentId = src; } FragmentHelper fragmentHelper = getFragmentHelper(); WindowInfo windowInfo; if (src == null) { // load screen class only once windowInfo = getWindowConfig().getWindowInfo(screenId).resolve(); } else { windowInfo = fragmentHelper.createFakeWindowInfo(src, fragmentId); } StopWatch createStopWatch = createStopWatch(ScreenLifeCycle.CREATE, windowInfo.getId()); Fragment fragment = factory.create(Fragment.NAME); ScreenFragment controller = fragmentHelper.createController(windowInfo, fragment); // setup screen and controller ComponentLoaderContext parentContext = (ComponentLoaderContext) getContext(); FrameOwner hostController = parentContext.getFrame().getFrameOwner(); setHostController(controller, hostController); setWindowId(controller, windowInfo.getId()); setFrame(controller, fragment); setScreenContext(controller, new ScreenContextImpl(windowInfo, parentContext.getOptions(), getScreenContext(hostController)) ); setScreenData(controller, new ScreenDataImpl()); FragmentImplementation fragmentImpl = (FragmentImplementation) fragment; fragmentImpl.setFrameOwner(controller); fragmentImpl.setId(fragmentId); FragmentContextImpl frameContext = new FragmentContextImpl(fragment, innerContext); ((FrameImplementation) fragment).setContext(frameContext); // load from XML if needed if (windowInfo.getTemplate() != null) { String frameId = fragmentId; if (parentContext.getFullFrameId() != null) { frameId = parentContext.getFullFrameId() + "." + frameId; } innerContext = new ComponentLoaderContext(getComponentContext().getOptions()); innerContext.setMessagesPack(fragmentHelper.getMessagePack(windowInfo.getTemplate())); innerContext.setCurrentFrameId(fragmentId); innerContext.setFullFrameId(frameId); innerContext.setFrame(fragment); innerContext.setParent(parentContext); innerContext.setProperties(loadProperties(element)); LayoutLoader layoutLoader = getLayoutLoader(innerContext); ScreenXmlLoader screenXmlLoader = beanLocator.get(ScreenXmlLoader.NAME); Element rootElement = screenXmlLoader.load(windowInfo.getTemplate(), windowInfo.getId(), getComponentContext().getParams()); String messagesPack = rootElement.attributeValue("messagesPack"); if (messagesPack != null) { innerContext.setMessagesPack(messagesPack); } this.fragmentLoader = layoutLoader.createFragmentContent(fragment, rootElement); } createStopWatch.stop(); this.resultComponent = fragment; } protected FragmentHelper getFragmentHelper() { return beanLocator.get(NAME); } @Override public void loadComponent() { loadAliases(); if (getComponentContext().getFrame() != null) { resultComponent.setFrame(getComponentContext().getFrame()); } String src = element.attributeValue("src"); String screenId = element.attributeValue("screen"); String screenPath = StringUtils.isEmpty(screenId) ? src : screenId; if (element.attributeValue("id") != null) { screenPath = element.attributeValue("id"); } if (getComponentContext().getFrame() != null) { String parentId = getComponentContext().getFullFrameId(); if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(parentId)) { screenPath = parentId + "." + screenPath; } } StopWatch loadStopWatch = createStopWatch(ScreenLifeCycle.LOAD, screenPath); // if fragment has XML descriptor if (fragmentLoader != null) { fragmentLoader.loadComponent(); } // load properties after inner context, they must override values defined inside of fragment assignXmlDescriptor(resultComponent, element); loadVisible(resultComponent, element); loadEnable(resultComponent, element); loadStyleName(resultComponent, element); loadResponsive(resultComponent, element); loadCss(resultComponent, element); loadAlign(resultComponent, element); loadHeight(resultComponent, element); loadWidth(resultComponent, element); loadIcon(resultComponent, element); loadCaption(resultComponent, element); loadDescription(resultComponent, element); loadStopWatch.stop(); // propagate init phases ComponentLoaderContext parentContext = (ComponentLoaderContext) getContext(); if (innerContext != null) { parentContext.getInjectTasks().addAll(innerContext.getInjectTasks()); parentContext.getInitTasks().addAll(innerContext.getInitTasks()); parentContext.getPostInitTasks().addAll(innerContext.getPostInitTasks()); } ScreenOptions options = parentContext.getOptions(); parentContext.addInjectTask(new FragmentLoaderInjectTask(resultComponent, options, beanLocator)); parentContext.addInitTask(new FragmentLoaderInitTask(resultComponent, options, innerContext, beanLocator)); } protected List<UiControllerProperty> loadProperties(Element element) { Element propsEl = element.element("properties"); if (propsEl == null) { return Collections.emptyList(); } List<Element> propElements = propsEl.elements("property"); if (propElements.isEmpty()) { return Collections.emptyList(); } List<UiControllerProperty> properties = new ArrayList<>(propElements.size()); for (Element property : propElements) { String name = property.attributeValue("name"); if (name == null || name.isEmpty()) { throw new GuiDevelopmentException("Screen fragment property cannot have empty name", context); } String value = property.attributeValue("value"); String ref = property.attributeValue("ref"); if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(value) && StringUtils.isNotEmpty(ref)) { throw new GuiDevelopmentException("Screen fragment property can have either a value or a reference. Property: " + name, context); } if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(value)) { properties.add(new UiControllerProperty(name, value, UiControllerProperty.Type.VALUE)); } else if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(ref)) { properties.add(new UiControllerProperty(name, ref, UiControllerProperty.Type.REFERENCE)); } else { throw new GuiDevelopmentException("No value or reference found for screen fragment property: " + name, context); } } return properties; } protected void loadAliases() { if (fragmentLoader instanceof FragmentLoader) { ComponentLoaderContext frameLoaderInnerContext = (ComponentLoaderContext) fragmentLoader.getContext(); for (Element aliasElement : element.elements("dsAlias")) { String aliasDatasourceId = aliasElement.attributeValue("alias"); String originalDatasourceId = aliasElement.attributeValue("datasource"); if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(aliasDatasourceId) && StringUtils.isNotBlank(originalDatasourceId)) { frameLoaderInnerContext.getAliasesMap().put(aliasDatasourceId, originalDatasourceId); } } } } protected WindowConfig getWindowConfig() { return beanLocator.get(WindowConfig.NAME); } }

Heidi Alexander (born 17 April 1975) is a British Labour Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Lewisham East since the 2010 general election. She was appointed Shadow Secretary of State for Health on 13 September 2015. She resigned from the shadow cabinet on 26 June 2016.

Select Local Merchants Ming Hair & Nail Spa offers so many beautifying treatments, it needed two locations just to handle them all. Both shops offer a full range of hair styling services, each of which begins with a complimentary consultation. This gives the client the opportunity to voice their goals, and the stylist time to decide whether the look will properly match the patron's facial features and those of the parrot on their shoulder. Cutting, coloring, and styling all fall within the staff's expertise, as do advanced treatments such as keratin straightening. Meanwhile, at Ming's East Brunswick location?dubbed "shop no. 1"?aestheticians attend to skin with treatments ranging from European deep-cleansing facials to LED photo-rejuvenation. Those looking to pamper their hands and feet, on the other hand, can head to shop no. 2 in Green Brook, where spa manicures and pedicures can incorporate soothing extras such as hydrating masks, sugar scrubs, and detoxifying green tea soaks. Technicians at Clearly Beautiful Nails use the 1064 Yag Laser to painlessly rid feet of infections, warts, and nail fungus. In addition to treating toes, the office rents and sells laser units and also creates foot-centered marketing materials for display in waiting rooms. Soothing music and aromatherapy essences waft through The Pedi Spa, a pedicure-focused spa in which clients can recline in leather chairs perched beneath fabric canopies and hanging lamps. As guests sip glasses of sparkling water, technicians attend to extremities with one of nine luxurious pedicures, soaking feet to soften coarse heels and unwind the mind like a ball of yarn crowd-surfing across a sea of massage therapists. Guests can also indulge digits with manicures. When the most basic pedicure offered includes a thorough foot massage, you know you're at a nail salon that values indulgence. And the pampering continues throughout each session at The Pedi Spa, as feet are treated to warm bubble soaks and fragrant exfoliation treatments. After toes have been transformed into perfectly relaxed puddles, nail technicians apply glossy coats of polish before sending patrons on their way.

The Ceiba stream frog (Atlantihyla spinipollex) is a frog. It lives in Honduras. Scientists have seen it between 160 and 1580 meters above sea level in the Cordillera Nombre de Dios mountains.

[Adaptive indication in outpatient psychodynamic short-term psychotherapy. Results of a prospective naturalistic research study]. Health care insurers in Germany fund long-term psychotherapy of up to 240 sessions as well as brief psychotherapeutic interventions of up to 25 sessions. In a former study, it was observed that a substantial proportion of interventions initially designed as brief psychotherapy were changed into long-term therapy. The present study investigated the criteria of such decisions to change treatment plans and is part of a more comprehensive auditing study in outpatient psychotherapy. Twenty-six psychotherapists in private practice participated in the study. During a 12-month recruitment period, 70 patients started with brief psychodynamic psychotherapy. Thirty-six therapies were evaluated according to the study protocol. The results provide evidence that motivation for psychotherapy, satisfaction with the results of therapy, persistence of psychological symptoms at the end of short-term intervention, and aspects of the patient's personality are factors predictive of treatment selection. Patients who changed from short-term to long-term therapy were more motivated towards their therapy (prognostic indication), displayed more severe symptoms, were less satisfied with the results of short-term psychotherapy (adaptive indication), and scored higher on the "structure of personality organization" parameter according to the OPD diagnostic system.

Alicia Yanez Cossio (born 10 September 1928) is a Ecuadorian poet, novelist and journalist. She is one of the leading figures in Ecuadorian literature. In 1996, she became the first Ecuadorian to win the Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz Prize. In 2008, she was awarded Ecuador's highest literary prize, Premio Eugenio Espejo, in 2008. Yanez Cossio was born in Quito. She was married to Cuban-born Luis Campos Martinez. The couple had five children.

Q: Matrix Factorization algorithms for Recommender Systems I need to learn about Matrix Factorization for recommender systems, so I downloaded this paper https://datajobs.com/data-science-repo/Recommender-Systems-[Netflix].pdf but I found it too shallow. It didn't explain the concepts in depth for me. So can you please recommend some good papers/resources to learn about the topic? I need to learn about them so I can implement a matrix factorization model. A: Matrix factorisation is part of Numerical Linear Algebra (NLA). The following are some useful books in NLA and Data Mining / Statistical Learning. The classic in NLA is Golub & Van Loan's Matrix Computations. Van Loan's webpage lists his books in and links to others. A modern approach that's great for self-study, is Numerical Linear Algebra by Trefethen & Bau, partially available online on Trefethen's website. Bau was working at Google last I checked. For a data mining focus, Numerical Linear Algebra and Applications in Data Mining by Lars Elden is available online. A classic on the statistical side is Elements of Statistical Learning by Hastie, Tibshirani, and Friedman. The authors have graciously made available their entire book online. This requires a fair bit of mathematical background, but the introductions to each topic will be accessible more generally. A lighter version of the above is Introduction to Statistical Learning with Applications in R, by the same authors plus Daniella Witten. This is also available online by the authors and provides useful R code.

Events Up to 1900 33 BC - Lucius Marcius Philippus, step-brother of future Roman Emperor Augustus, celebrates a triumph for his victories while serving as Governor in one of the Provinces of Hispania. 711 - Islamic Conquest of Hispania: Moorish troops led by Tariq ibn Ziyad land at Gibraltar to begin their invasion of the Iberian Peninsula (Al-Andalus). 1296 - First Scottish War of Independence: John Balliol's Scottish army is defeated by an English army commanded by John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey at the Battle of Dunbar. 1521 - Ferdinand Magellan is killed in the Philippines. 1522 - Combined forces of Spain and the Papal States defeat a French and Venetian army at the Battle of Bicocca. 1539 - Re-founding of Bogota, in present-day Colombia. 1565 - Cebu is established as the first Spanish settlement in the Philippines. 1749 - First performance of George Frideric Handel's Music of the Fireworks in Green Park, London. 1777 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of Ridgefield - A British invasion force engages and defeats Continental Army regulars and militia irregulars at Ridgefield, Connecticut. 1810 - Ludwig van Beethoven composes the musical piece Fur Elise. 1813 - War of 1812: US troops capture the capital city of Upper Canada in the Battle of York (present-day Toronto). 1840 - The foundation stone is laid for the new Palace of Westminster. 1865 - The SS Sultana steamboat explodes and sinks on the Mississippi River, killing 1,700 people. 1901 2000 1904 - Chris Watson becomes Prime Minister of Australia. 1908 - The 1908 Summer Olympics in London begin. 1909 - Ottoman Empire Sultan Abdul Hamid II is overthrown by his brother Mehmed V. 1914 - Honduras becomes a signatory of the Buenos Aires Convention. 1927 - The Carabineros de Chile, the national police and gendarmerie of Chile, is created. 1936 - United Auto Workers gains autonomy from the American Federation of Labor. 1941 - World War II: German troops enter Athens. 1945 - World War II: Benito Mussolini is arrested by Italian partisans. 1945 - World War II: German troops are expelled from Finnish Lapland. 1950 - Apartheid: in South Africa, the Group Areas Act is passed, formally segregating (separating) Black people from White people. 1950 - The United Kingdom officially recognizes the state of Israel. 1960 - Togo becomes independent from France. 1961 - Sierra Leone becomes independent from the UK. 1967 - The Expo 67, a trade fair, begins in Montreal, Canada. 1974 - 10,000 people march in Washington, DC, calling for the impeachment for Richard Nixon. 1977 - 28 people are killed in the Guatemala City air disaster. 1981 - Xerox PARC introduces the computer mouse. 1987 - The US Department of Justice bars Austrian President Kurt Waldheim from entering the United States over revelations of possible war crimes committed by him during World War II. 1992 - The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is created, consisting of Serbia and Montenegro. 1992 - Russia and 12 former Soviet Republics join the International Monetary Fund. 1992 - Betty Boothroyd becomes the first female Speaker of the British House of Commons. 1993 - Several members of the Zambia national football team are killed in a plane crash near Libreville, Gabon. 1994 - South Africa holds its first general elections under free and equal conditions, with Nelson Mandela being elected President. 1996 - The 1996 Lebanon war ends. 1999 - Abdelaziz Bouteflika becomes President of Algeria. From 2001 2005 - The Superjumbo aircraft Airbus A380 makes its first flight in France. 2006 - Construction begins on the Freedom Tower in New York City. 2007 - The Bronze Soldier Soviet war memorial in Tallinn is removed by Estonian authorities, amidst tensions with Russia. 2009 - The United Kingdom announces its first cases of the 2009 Swine flu outbreak. 2011 - A tornado outbreak kills hundreds of people in the Southeastern United States. 2014 - Pope John XXIII and Pope John Paul II are declared saints. 2018 - South Korean President Moon Jae-in and North Korean leader Kim Jong-un meet for talks. Births Up to 1900 85 BC - Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus, Roman politician and general (d. 43 BC) 1623 - Johann Adam Reinken, German organist and composer (d. 1722) 1650 - Charlotte-Amalie of Hesse-Kassel (d. 1714) 1676 - King Frederick I of Sweden (d. 1751) 1701 - Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia (d. 1773) 1724 - Thomas Gardner, American politician and soldier (d. 1755) 1755 - Marc-Antoine Parseval, French mathematician (d. 1836) 1759 - Mary Wollstonecraft, English writer and feminist (d. 1797) 1770 - Edward Codrington, English admiral (d. 1851) 1788 - Charles Robert Cockerell, English architect, archaeologist and writer (d. 1863) 1791 - Samuel Morse, American inventor (d. 1872) 1802 - Louis Niedermeyer, French-Swiss composer and teacher (d. 1861) 1806 - Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (d. 1878) 1820 - Herbert Spencer, English philosopher (d. 1908) 1822 - Ulysses S. Grant, 18th President of the United States (d. 1885) 1840 - Edward Whymper, English mountaineer (d. 1911) 1848 - Otto I of Bavaria (d. 1916) 1853 - Jules Lemaitre, French critic and dramatist (d. 1914) 1856 - Tongzhi Emperor of China (d. 1875) 1857 - Theodor Kittelsen, Norwegian artist (d. 1914) 1860 - Frank Winkelmeier, Austrian, tallest man at the time of his death (d. 1887) 1862 - Rudolph Schildkraut, Turkish-American actor (d. 1930) 1866 - Marcel Raoul-Duval, French polo player (d. 1916) 1875 - Maurice de Broglie, French physicist (d. 1960) 1878 - John Rimmer, British athlete (d. 1962) 1878 - Frank Gotch, American wrestler (d. 1917) 1880 - Mihkel Ludig, Estonian organist, composer and conductor (d. 1958) 1882 - Jessie Redmon Fauset, American author and poet (d. 1961) 1887 - Warren Wood, American golfer (d. 1926) 1888 - Florence La Badie, Canadian actress (d. 1917) 1892 - Albert Rudomine, French photographer (d. 1975) 1893 - Allen Sothoron, American baseball player, coach and manager (d. 1939) 1893 - Prince Paul of Yugoslavia (d. 1976) 1894 - Nicolas Slonimsky, Russian composer, conductor, musician, critic and writer (d. 1995) 1894 - George Petty, American artist (d. 1975) 1896 - William Hudson, Australian engineer (d. 1978) 1896 - Wallace Carothers, American chemist (d. 1937) 1898 - Ludwig Bemelmans, Italian-American author and illustrator (d. 1962) 1899 - Walter Lantz, American cartoonist (d. 1994) 1901 1950 1902 - Tiemoko Garan Kouyate, Malian educator and activist (d. 1942) 1903 - Horace Stoneham, American businessman (d. 1990) 1904 - Cecil Day-Lewis, Irish poet and writer (d. 1972) 1904 - Nikos Zachariadis, Greek politician (d. 1973) 1905 - John Huck, American javelin thrower and shot putter (d. 1986) 1909 - Guillermo Leon Valencia, President of Colombia (d. 1971) 1910 - Chiang Ching-kuo, Chinese-Taiwanese politician (d. 1988) 1911 - Chris Berger, Dutch sprinter (d. 1965) 1912 - Zohra Sehgal, Indian actress, dancer and choreographer (d. 2014) 1912 - Jacques de Bourbon Busset, French novelist, essayist and politician (d. 2001) 1913 - Luz Long, German long jumper (d. 1943) 1918 - Sten Rudholm, Swedish jurist (d. 2008) 1920 - Guido Cantelli, Italian conductor (d. 1956) 1920 - Edwin Morgan, Scottish poet (d. 2010) 1921 - Robert Dhery, French actor, director and screenwriter (d. 2004) 1922 - Martin Gray, Polish Holocaust survivor and writer (d. 2016) 1922 - Jack Klugman, American actor (d. 2012) 1926 - Tim LaHaye, American minister, author and speaker (d. 2016) 1927 - Coretta Scott King, American Civil Rights activist (d. 2006) 1927 - Sheila Scott, English aviator (d. 1988) 1929 - Nina Ponomaryova, Russian athlete (d. 2016) 1931 - Igor Oistrakh, Ukrainian violinist 1931 - Krzysztof Komeda, Polish jazz pianist (d. 1969) 1932 - Anouk Aimee, French actress 1932 - Casey Kasem, American radio show host and voice actor (d. 2014) 1932 - Derek Minter, English motorcycle racer (d. 2014) 1932 - Pik Botha, South African politician (d. 2018) 1932 - Chuck Knox, American football coach (d. 2018) 1932 - Gian-Carlo Rota, Italian mathematician and philosopher (d. 1999) 1939 - Stanislaw Dziwisz, Polish cardinal 1939 - Jerry Mercer, Canadian drummer 1939 - Joao Bernardo Vieira, President of Guinea-Bissau (d. 2009) 1941 - Fethullah Gulen, Turkish politician and religious leader 1942 - Valeri Polyakov, Soviet-Russian cosmonaut 1943 - Ryszard Bugajski, Polish film director (d. 2019) 1944 - Michael Fish, English weather presenter 1944 - Cuba Gooding, Sr., American singer (d. 2017) 1944 - Stoker Cavendish, 12th Duke of Devonshire, English academic and politician 1947 - Nick Greiner, Hungarian-Australian politician, 37th Premier of New South Wales 1947 - Pete Ham, Welsh singer-songwriter and musician (d. 1975) 1947 - Ann Peebles, American singer-songwriter 1948 - Josef Hickersberger, Austrian footballer and coach 1948 - Frank Abagnale, American security consultant and trickster 1949 - Jean Asselborn, Luxembourgish politician 1950 - Paolo Pulici, Italian footballer 1951 1975 1951 - Ace Frehley, American musician 1951 - Viviane Reding, Luxembourgish journalist and politician 1952 - Ari Vatanen, Finnish rally driver 1953 - Arielle Dombasle, French-American actress and singer 1954 - Frank Bainimarama, Fijian politician 1954 - Herman Edwards, American football manager 1954 - John Cygan, American actor (d. 2017) 1955 - Eric Schmidt, American entrepreneur, former CEO of Google 1956 - Bridget Kendall, English journalist 1957 - Adrian Utley, English musician 1959 - Andrew Fire, American Nobel Prize-winning biologist 1959 - Sheena Easton, Scottish singer 1959 - Jim Duffy, Scottish footballer and coach 1961 - Moana Pozzi, Italian pornographic actress, television personality, model, politician and writer (d. 1994) 1961 - Andrew Schlafly, American conservative lawyer and activist 1962 - Edvard Moser, Norwegian neurologist, 2014 Nobel Prize winner 1963 - Russell T Davies, Welsh television writer 1965 - Anna Chancellor, English actress 1966 - Yoshihiro Togashi, Japanese manga artist 1967 - King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands 1967 - Tommy Smith, Scottish saxophonist, composer and educator 1968 - Cristian Mungiu, Romanian filmmaker 1969 - Darcey Bussell, English ballerina 1969 - Mica Paris, English singer 1969 - Tess Daly, English television presenter 1969 - Cory Booker, American politician 1971 - Olari Elts, Estonian conductor From 1976 1976 - Sally Hawkins, English actress 1976 - Isobel Campbell, Scottish singer-songwriter and cellist 1976 - Walter Pandiani, Uruguayan footballer 1976 - Faisal Saif, Indian director, screenwriter and critic 1976 - Olaf Tufte, Norwegian rower 1978 - Jim James, American singer, songwriter and guitarist (My Morning Jacket) 1980 - Christian Lara, Ecuadorean footballer 1981 - Patrik Gerrbrand, Swedish footballer 1981 - Fabrizio Faniello, Maltese singer-songwriter 1982 - Nicole Hosp, Austrian politician 1983 - Ari Gaynor, American actress 1984 - Patrick Stump, American musician 1984 - Pierre-Marc Bouchard, Canadian ice hockey player 1984 - Hannes Thor Halldorsson, Icelandic footballer and filmmaker 1986 - Jenna Coleman, British actress 1986 - Dinara Safina, Russian tennis player 1986 - Elena Risteska, Macedonian singer 1987 - William Moseley, English actor 1988 - Semyon Varlamov, Russian ice hockey player 1989 - Lars Bender, German footballer 1989 - Sven Bender, German footballer 1989 - Emily Rios, American actress and model 1990 - Robin Bengtsson, Swedish singer 1990 - Martin Kelly, English footballer 1991 - Lara Gut, Swiss skier 1992 - Allison Iraheta, American actress 1995 - Nick Kyrgios, Australian tennis player Deaths Up to 1900 630 - Ardashir III of Persia 1272 - Zita, Italian saint (b. 1212) 1404 - Philip II, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1342) 1463 - Isidore of Kiev (b. 1385) 1521 - Ferdinand Magellan, Portuguese explorer (b. 1480) 1605 - Pope Leo XI (b. 1535) 1613 - Robert Abercromby, Scottish priest and missionary (b. 1532) 1656 - Jan van Goyen, Dutch painter (b. 1596) 1694 - John George IV, Elector of Saxony (b. 1668) 1794 - James Bruce, Scottish traveller and travel writer (b. 1730) 1813 - Zebulon Pike, American general and explorer (b. 1779) 1818 - Christopher Greenup, 3rd Governor of Kentucky (b. 1750) 1882 - Ralph Waldo Emerson, American essayist (b. 1803) 1896 - Henry Parkes, English statesman and politician (b. 1815) 1901 2000 1915 - Alexander Scriabin, Russian composer (b. 1872) 1932 - Hart Crane, American poet (b. 1899) 1937 - Antonio Gramsci, Italian Communist writer and politician (b. 1891) 1952 - Guido Castelnuovo, Italian mathematician (b. 1865) 1962 - A. K. Fazlul, Bengali statesman (b. 1883) 1965 - Edward R. Murrow, American journalist (b. 1908) 1969 - Rene Barrientos, President of Bolivia (b. 1919) 1972 - Kwame Nkrumah, 1st President of Ghana (b. 1909) 1977 - Stanley Adams, American actor (b. 1915) 1977 - Scott Bradley, American composer, pianist and conductor (b. 1891) 1979 - Celal Atik, Turkish sports wrestler and trainer (b. 1918) 1989 - Konosuke Matsushita, Japanese industrialist (b. 1894) 1991 - Robert Velter, French comic writer (b. 1909) 1992 - Olivier Messiaen, French organist and composer (b. 1908) 1996 - Gilles Grangier, French director and screenwriter (b. 1911) 1996 - William Colby, American CIA director (b. 1920) 1998 - Carlos Castaneda, Peruvian writer (b. 1925) 2000 - Vicki Sue Robinson, American actress and singer (b. 1954) From 2001 2002 - Ruth Handler, American businesswoman and inventor of the Barbie doll (b. 1916) 2002 - Baron Heinrich Thyssen-Bornemisza, Dutch-Swiss businessman (b. 1921) 2006 - Julia Thorne, American writer (b. 1944) 2007 - Mstislav Rostropovich, Russian cellist and conductor (b. 1927) 2009 - Feroz Khan, Indian actor (b. 1939) 2013 - Aloysius Jin Luxian, Chinese bishop (b. 1916) 2014 - Yigal Arnon, Israeli lawyer (b. 1929) 2014 - Vujadin Boskov, Serbian footballer, coach and manager (b. 1931) 2014 - Harry Firth, Australian racing driver (b. 1918) 2014 - Andrea Parisy, French actress (b. 1935) 2015 - Andrew Lesnie, Australian cinematographer (b. 1956) 2015 - Verne Gagne, American professional wrestler and football player (b. 1926) 2015 - Suzanne Crough, American actress (b. 1963) 2015 - Gene Fullmer, American boxer (b. 1931) 2015 - Guy LeBlanc, Canadian keyboardist (b. 1960) 2015 - Marty Napoleon, American jazz pianist (b. 1921) 2016 - Toms, Indian cartoonist (b. 1929) 2017 - Peter George, Canadian academic (b. 1941) 2017 - Vinod Khanna, Indian actor (b. 1946) 2017 - Vinu Chakravarthy, Indian actor (b. 1945) 2017 - Julius Youngner, American virologist (b. 1920) 2018 - Paul Junger Witt, American film and television producer (b. 1941) 2018 - Roy Young, English singer and pianist (b. 1937) 2018 - Earl Balfour, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1933) 2018 - Michael Luscombe, Australian chief executive (b. 1953) 2018 - Kristin Nelson, American actress, painter and author (b. 1945) 2019 - Aleksey Lebed, Russian military officer and politician (b. 1955) 2019 - Negasso Gidada, President of Ethiopia (b. 1943) 2019 - Bart Chilton, American civil servant (b. 1960) Observances Independence Day in Togo (1960) and Sierra Leone (1961) Freedom Day in South Africa World Tapir Day King's Day in the Netherlands from 2014 (to be observed on April 26 when the 27th is a Sunday, including in 2014 itself) Days of the year

Hemolysis induced by streptolysin S: kinetics of hemoglobin and 86Rubidium release. Hemolysis of human erythrocytes produced by streptolysin S (SLS) was investigated. Kinetic studies of hemoglobin (Hb) release exhibited typical for SLS latent phase with hemolysis 30-60 minutes after addition of the toxin. Hb release was preceded by efflux of 86Rubidium (86Rb) which started at 5th-15th minutes after addition of the toxin. In erythrocytes treated with 2 HU/ml of SLS about 100% of 86Rb was released after 15 minutes; no hemolysis was observed at this time. Incubation of blood cells in 0.3 M sucrose or 6% DMSO prevented SLS induced hemolysis. Trypan blue was also inhibitory. Bovine serum albumin acclerated 86Rb and Hb release. The possible mechanism of this phenomenon is discussed. The results obtained indicate that SLS-produced hemolysis of human erythrocytes is an osmotic process.

Andalusia is a city in Covington County, Alabama, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 8,805. Media Radio stations WAAO-FM 103.7 (Country) WSTF 91.5 FM (Religious) Newspaper Andalusia Star-News (daily) Education Public education is provided by Andalusia City School System. which consists of Andalusia Elementary School, Andalusia Middle School, and Andalusia High School. Notable natives Charles Brooks, editorial cartoonist Robert Horry, NBA player Nico Johnson, NFL player for Kansas City Chiefs, won 3 BCS National Championships while playing football for The University of Alabama. Alexa Jones, Miss Alabama 2005 and Miss America 2006 second runner-up Frank Tipler, cosmologist Charles "Bubba" Bailey, the police officer from Hamish and Andy's Caravan of Courage USA

Kuddly In The News: Dogster We love dogs here at Kuddly, and we especially love the amazing Dogster magazine and website! We couldn’t be more honored and excited to be mentioned in this article about The World’s Most Popular Dog Names of 2015 this past week. How completely cool, and how fun to take a look at the most popular dog names of the year. We definitely know some awesome pups that have names on the list. Thank you, Dogster, for the great mention of Kuddly in the article!

Three Smart Girls is a 1936 American romantic musical comedy movie directed by Henry Koster and starring Binnie Barnes, Charles Winninger, Alice Brady, Ray Milland, Mischa Auer, Ernest Cossart, Lucile Watson. It was distributed by Universal Pictures and was nominated for 3 Academy Awards in 1937. It was followed up by two sequels Three Smart Girls Grow Up in 1939 and Hers to Hold in 1943.

At its core, the NFL combine is a fantastic opportunity for teams to test everything about draft prospects except their on-field performance. They see how fast and strong the players are, how they check out medically and how well they respond in an interview, even if some questions are borderline illegal. For draft analysts, the combine is an opportunity to stick irrelevant labels on players such as "high ceiling" and "freak athlete," sexy terms often given to players whose draft stock relies heavily on factors other than on-field performance. Those players have flown up post-combine draft boards this week while players with impressive college careers have started to fall. After a 4-12 season, the Lions aren't in the market for sexy. That's why they should pass on BYU defensive end Ezekial Ansah. He may be the next Jason Pierre-Paul, but he'll enter the league as a project. Instead, they should use the No. 5 pick on a polished pass rusher, with the top targets being LSU's Barkevious Mingo, Georgia's Jarvis Jones and Florida State's Bjoern Werner.

Antonin Klimek (January 18, 1937 in Prague - January 9, 2005 in Prague) was a Czech historian. He wrote mainly about the Czechoslovakian First Republic. Books 1989 - Diplomacie na krizovatce Evropy 1989 - Jak se delal mir roku 1919 1995 - Ceskoslovenska zahranicni politika 1918-1938 (with Eduard Kubu) 1995 - Vitez, ktery prohral, general Radola Gajda (with Petr Hofman) 1996-98 - Boj o Hrad I, II 1998 - Rijen 1918 2001 - Velke dejiny zemi Koruny ceske - dil XIII. (1918-1929) 2002 - Velke dejiny zemi Koruny ceske - dil XIV. (1929-1938) 2003 - Vitejte v prvni republice Czech historians Czech people 2005 deaths 1937 births

Reduction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in chicken manure by larvae of the black soldier fly. Green fluorescent protein-labeled Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis were inoculated at 10(7) CFU/g into cow, hog, or chicken manure. Ten- or 11-day-old soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens L.) (7 to 10 g) were added to the manure and held at 23, 27, or 32 degrees C for 3 to 6 days. Soldier fly larvae accelerated inactivation of E. coli O157:H7 in chicken manure but had no effect in cow manure and enhanced survival in hog manure. The initial pH values of the hog and chicken manure were 6.0 to 6.2 and 7.4 to 8.2, respectively, and it is surmised that these conditions affected the stability of the larval antimicrobial system. Reductions of E. coli O157:H7 populations in chicken manure by larvae were affected by storage temperature, with greater reductions in samples held for 3 days at 27 or 32 degrees C than at 23 degrees C. Pathogen inactivation in chicken manure by larvae was not affected by the indigenous microflora of chicken manure, because Salmonella Enteritidis populations in larvae-treated samples were approximately 2.5 log lower than control samples without larvae when either autoclaved or nonautoclaved chicken manure was used as the contaminated medium during 3 days of storage. Extending the storage time to 6 days, larvae again accelerated the reduction in Salmonella Enteritidis populations in chicken manure during the first 4 days of storage; however, larvae became contaminated with the pathogen. After 2 days of feeding on contaminated manure, Salmonella Enteritidis populations in larvae averaged 3.3 log CFU/g. Populations decreased to 1.9 log CFU/g after 6 days of exposure to contaminated chicken manure; however, the absence of feeding activity by the maggots in later stages of storage may be responsible for the continued presence of Salmonella Enteritidis in larvae. Transfer of contaminated larvae to fresh chicken manure restored feeding activity but led to cross-contamination of the fresh manure.

Prague 1 () is a second-tier municipality in Prague.

Evert van Muyden Evert Louis van Muyden (18 July 1853 Albano, Lazio – 27 February 1922 Orsay) was a noted engraver, illustrator and painter, born to Swiss parents. His brothers, Albert-Steven van Muyden (1849-1910) and Henri van Muyden (1860-1936) were also artists. Biography At first studying with his father, the painter Jacques Alfred van Muyden (1818–1898), Evert later lived and studied in Geneva at the Beaux-Arts, under Carl Steffeck in Berlin and under Jean-Léon Gérôme at the Paris Beaux-Arts. He worked in Rome between 1879 and 1884, concentrating on landscapes, and showing the clear influence of Corot. After 1885, he worked in Paris painting animals in the style of Antoine-Louis Barye. He virtually lived at the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris and the Zoologischer Garten in Basle, creating hundreds of drawings and engravings of plants and animals. He was sought after as an illustrator of books, providing images for Champfleury's Contes choisis (Paris, 1899) and Emil Frey's Die Kriegstaten der Schweizer (Neuchatel, 1905). His engravings and book illustrations remained popular, overshadowing his occasional portraits and sculptures. Gallery References Category:1853 births Category:1922 deaths Category:19th-century engravers Category:20th-century engravers Category:19th-century Swiss painters Category:Swiss male painters Category:20th-century Swiss painters Category:Swiss engravers Category:Swiss illustrators Category:20th-century printmakers

The Power and the Prize is a 1956 American drama movie directed by Henry Koster and starring Robert Taylor, Burl Ives, Mary Astor, Cedric Hardwicke, Charles Coburn, Elisabeth Muller. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1957.

This invention relates to a small-sized optical element and its manufacturing method, which is used for a light pickup lens of light pickup device and so on. Lately, there are manufactured and on sale, various kinds of optical element of various sizes, such as large-sized optical elements used for telescope lenses and microscope lenses and small-sized optical elements used for light pickup lenses of CD (Compact Disc) and DVD (Digital Video Disc). These optical elements are usually manufactured through so called “injection molding” process in which specific resin corresponding to the application is injected into a prescribed die for molding, however on the surface layer of the mold, there occurs birefringence to some extent, created by a residual stress, and therefore, a light scattering phenomenon occurs on the surface layer to make it difficult to maintain the focal distance to be the wanted design value. In Patent Document 1, it is described that the residual stress generated in a molded product can be relieved and birefringence generated in the mold can be minimized by means of annealing the product at a temperature below the glass transition-temperature after cooling (leaving as it is) at the room temperature. [Patent Document 1] U.S. Pat. No. 3,055,443 However, the objective of the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 is to apply annealing process to relatively large-sized optical elements when they are molded to add some preferable performance to the molds, and though the conditions for the annealing process are specified in detail, the conditions are not available to every optical element made of resin manufactured through an injection molding process. For example, regarding a small-sized optical element of a several millimeter scale used as the aforementioned light pickup lens, only if the conditions for the annealing process slightly differ in each manufacturing lot, the difference of the conditions affects performance of forming a spot of condensed light greatly. Therefore, the annealing process of the technique disclosed in the Patent Document 1, can not relieve the residual stress sufficiently and can not maintain the thermal balance condition stably during the annealing process so that sufficient performance can not be obtained for a optical element of light pickup lens.

Death Wish 4: The Crackdown is a 1987 Americans crime-action movie directed by J. Lee Thompson. It stars Charles Bronson. It is the first Death Wish movie that wasn't directed by Michael Winner. It received mixed reviews on November 6, 1987. 1987 movies American crime movies American thriller movies American action movies Movies directed by J. Lee Thompson Movies about the illegal drug trade Golden Harvest movies

Characterization of mimetic lipid mixtures of stratum corneum. Lipid mixtures consisting of ceramide III, palmitic acid, and cholesterol were prepared at different thermal and humidity conditions. The lipid mixture, treated at temperature higher than 100 degrees C, displayed the similar thermal character to native human Stratum Corneum (SC), although hydration changed structural characters of the lipid mixtures as well as human SC: Hydration gave rise to the variation of lamellar distances in lipid mixtures such as lengthening of vertical repeat distance and slight-shortening of the lateral repeat distance. It also generated the configurational transition of amide groups. Since these variations depending on the heating and hydrating processes do not occur on pristine lipids, it can be confirmed that the lipid mixture forms hybrid phases by the association between heterogeneous lipids.

Sayeeda Hussain Warsi, Baroness Warsi (surname pronounced VAR-SEY; born 28 March 1971 in Dewsbury, West Riding of Yorkshire, England) is a British politician and lawyer. She was born to Pakistani immigrants and is a member of the House of Lords. She has been the Chairman of the Conservative Party and Minister Without Portfolio in the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition government. She was the first Muslim woman to be a member of the British cabinet. She lives in Wakefield, West Yorkshire. Personal life In 1990 Warsi married her cousin Naeem in an arranged marriage. She and her first husband divorced in December 2007. On 20 August 2009, she married Iftikhar Azam.

function [Xtrain,ytrain,Xtest,ytest] = setupMnist(varargin)%binary, Ntrain, Ntest,full) % Load mnist handwritten digit data % Optional arguments [default in brackets] % binary - if true, binarize around overall mean [false] % ntrain - [60000] % ntest - [10000] % keepSparse - if true, do not cast to double [true] % classes - specify which classes you want train/test data for [0:9] % % Xtrain will be ntrain*D, where D=784 % ytrain will be ntrain*1 % Xtest will be ntest*D, where D=784 % ytest will be ntest*1 % This file is from pmtk3.googlecode.com [binary,Ntrain,Ntest,keepSparse,classes] = process_options(varargin,... 'binary',false,'ntrain',60000,'ntest',10000,'keepSparse',true,'classes',0:9); if nargout < 3, Ntest = 0; end loadData('mnistAll'); % the datacase have already been shuffled % so we can safely take a prefix of the data Xtrain = reshape(mnist.train_images(:,:,1:Ntrain),28*28,Ntrain)'; Xtest = reshape(mnist.test_images(:,:,1:Ntest),28*28,Ntest)'; ytrain = (mnist.train_labels); ytest = (mnist.test_labels); ytrain = ytrain(1:Ntrain); ytest = ytest(1:Ntest); clear mnist; if(binary) mu = mean([Xtrain(:);Xtest(:)]); Xtrain = Xtrain >=mu; Xtest = Xtest >=mu; end ytrain = double(ytrain); ytest = double(ytest); if(~keepSparse) Xtrain = double(Xtrain); Xtest = double(Xtest); end if ~isequal(classes,0:9) Xtrain = Xtrain(ismember(ytrain,classes),:); if numel(Ntest) > 0 Xtest = Xtest(ismember(ytest,classes),:); end end end

The Free French Forces were a free army during the Nazi occupation of France in World War II. It started in 1940. It ended in 1944 because of the invasion of Normandy. These forces made a major impact on the German army by destroying railroads and attacking German units. World War II 1940s in France French military organizations

What is Movie News After Dark? It ain’t playin’, yo. This is about movin’ news, slingin’ editorial quips and makin’ bank. Whatever ‘bank’ is… Tonight we begin with some lovely artwork from Guillermo del Toro’s Pinocchio, a gothic retelling of the classic fairy tale about a puppet who just wanted to be a real boy. If any of you have watched the Disney animated version of Pinocchio recently (or in general, with adult eyes), you’ll know that there’s some seriously spine-tingling creepitude in that story. It’s got puppets from The Jim Henson Company and co-direction from Fantastic Mr. Fox animation director Mark Gustafson. Get excited about this one, kids. IndieWire’s Matt Singer considers The Pros and Cons of Directors’ Cuts. One of his cited Cons, “More versions of a movie mean more confusion about which version is definitive” should be dubbed The Ridley Scott Conundrum. Over the past 48 hours there have been a number of interesting discussions raised around HBO, digital distribution and piracy. None of these involve the people who partake in the latter (you’re unreasonable, you thieving scalawags). Vulture explains The Reasons Why HBO Doesn’t Want Your Money, a simple dissection of why HBO (and other cable network, for that matter) isn’t jumping to let you pay $10/mo. to see all their content outside the cable ecosystem. It’s a big money thing. A BIG money thing. And Corps. got to get they money, yo. (Also, people who want to pay a la carte for cable channels are loud, but they’re a minuscule section of entertainment consumers. This revolution is still in its infancy.) Because going to a theater and being transported (in 3D!) to another world isn’t enough anymore, there’s The Alamo Drafthouse. They’ve got Drafthouse Films in on their next big outdoor moviewatching event. For those in the Central Texas area, you can see the black indie comedy Klown drunk in a canoe. Because that’s the way it has to be. The folks at College Humor have taken the Game of Thrones fever to a new level, creating House Sigils for Other TV Families. The Simpsons got one, The Huxtables got one and even House Swanson is destined to take over some lands with the fire of bacon. These two are personal favorites: “In the wake of the disastrous food storm at the end of the first movie, Flint Lockwood and friends are forced to leave their town of Swallow Falls. But when it is discovered that sentient food beasts have overrun the island, they are asked to return to save the world…again.” This is the synopsis of Cloudy 2: Revenge of the Leftovers, the most anticipated animated sequel ever! (According to yours truly.) It’s now due out February 7, 2014. Spaceballs is coming to Blu-ray, a 25th anniversary Blu-ray release that will include at least one new featurette. If it doesn’t come in a giant helmet, I’m going to be incensed. Large corporations are a dangerous thing. Personally, I’ve never trusted a movie website that’s owned by a big media company. Speaking of which, Movies.com presents us with A Guide to the Best Evil Corporations from Sci-Fi Movies. Weyland Yatuni for lyfe, yo. (Why do I continue to say ‘yo’ in this column? Too much time spent with Jesse Pinkman, perhaps.) More from Around the Web: Reject Nation 1 Comment Leave a comment Comment Policy: No hate speech allowed. If you must argue, please debate intelligently. Comments containing selected keywords or outbound links will be put into moderation to help prevent spam. Film School Rejects reserves the right to delete comments and ban anyone who doesn't follow the rules. We also reserve the right to modify any curse words in your comments and make you look like an idiot. Thank You!

Ben and Jerry's is an American ice cream company. It sells different kinds of ice creams. The company was founded in 1978 in Burlington, Vermont. In 2000, Ben and Jerry's was sold to Unilever, a British-Dutch company. History In 1977, Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield took a course on ice cream making at Pennsylvania State University. On May 5, 1978, they opened a first ice cream shop. It was in a gas station in Burlington, Vermont. One year later, they had the first free cone day. This is now a celebration all over the world. In 1980, Ben and Jerry got space in a building in South Champlain Street in Burlington. They started packing their ice cream in pint containers. This is still the most common size of container. In 1981, the first Ben & Jerry's store opened in Shelburne, Vermont. In 1983, Ben & Jerry's ice cream was used to make"the world's largest ice cream sundae" in St. Albans, Vermont. The sundae weighed 27,102 pounds. In 1986, Ben & Jerry's made its "Cowmobile". This was a Ben and Jerry's van. It was used to pass out free ice cream. The Cowmobile was driven by Ben and Jerry themselves. Four months later, the "Cowmobile" caught fire near Cleveland. Ben said it looked like "the world's biggest baked Alaska." In 1988, Ben and Jerry's won the title of U.S Small Business Persons Of The Year awarded by U.S. President Ronald Reagan. Flavors and Sizes Ben and Jerry's ice cream are sold in pints, pint slices, non-dairy pints, scoop shop flavors, frozen yogurt pints, mini cups and quarts. Top ten flavors: Half Baked Cherry Garcia Chocolate Chip Cookie Dough Chocolate Fudge Brownie The Tonight Dough Americone Dream Phish Food Chunky Monkey Strawberry Cheesecake Salted Caramel Former flavors Schweedy Balls Wavy Gravvy Fossil Fuel Turtle Soup This is Nuts Aloha Macademia Chocolate Chip Cookie Dough Frozen Yogurt Sugar Plum Peanut Butter and Jelly Urban Jumble Creme Brulee Devil's Food Chocolate Cow Powder Dublin Mudslide Tennessee Mud Coconutterly Fair Chocolate Macadamia Holy Cannoli Wild Maine Blueberry Purple Passion Fruit Economic crunch White Russion Peanuts! Popcorn! Rainforest Crunch Magic Brownie Locations Ben & Jerry's has stores all over the world. There are stores in Austria, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Malta, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, United Kingdom, and the United States. Resources "Ben & Jerry's" Ben & Jerry's. Ben & Jerry's. <http://www.benjerry.co.uk/ourflavours/ >. (2010) Sources 1978 establishments in the United States American food companies Burlington, Vermont 20th-century establishments in Vermont Companies based in Vermont

Some of the best dunking happens in soccer. There’s a growing sense of style and art to team accounts finding ways to harass each other in MLS. Everything from simplistically brutal postgame jabs to elaborate haymakers have become more and more ingrained in the MLS social media culture. Not all of them are winners (oh man, trust me, we’ll get there), but there’s a regular amount of objectively clever content that creates conversation and helps build the community around the sport. Which is a good thing. I promise. And something about MLS lends itself nicely to these kinds of things: There’s enough downtime for ideas to go through a full creative process, and a small enough sample of games for individual moments to carry weight in the season as a whole. Or at least for the moments to be dissected. Say, for example, in a closely contested game a key player maybe or maybe doesn’t, but almost definitely, does take a dive and a player is sent off for the team that goes on to lose. Maybe not a huge deal overall, but still, for at least the week, an important moment. Which means…..well, it means this: Like many good things, the idea to give an opposing player the “Shooting Stars” treatment started as an office in-joke. “It was something we were talking about doing for a few months. It was a thing we kind of enjoyed in the office and something we tried to do in preseason. We almost did it then and then that kind of moment with the Timbers game totally fell in our lap,” Galaxy Senior Director of Digital Media & Marketing, Chris Thomas said. “We were kind of joking after the game about actually using it for that. And our videographer at the time was like, ‘Should I do it?’ We said, ‘Yeah. Whatever. Just go for it.’” “Yeah. Whatever. Just go for it” led to a video that has been viewed nearly 4 million times. It’s been over two years since it posted and you know what the joke is each time it plays. But when the music drops and Diego Chara goes flying through space and time and slip and slides, it’s funny every single time. Even people like World Champion Alex Morgan are in the replies just to say how good it is. The good news here for Portland fans is, first off, scoreboard (they won the match 1-0 on a Chara goal, of course). Secondly, the Timbers social team had plenty of time between the next meeting with the Galaxy to hit back. We all know about the upcoming solar eclipse, but have you heard of the fading star phenomenon? Let us explain. #ScienceIsFun #RCTID pic.twitter.com/aB4ZAsO2LA — Portland Timbers (@TimbersFC) August 7, 2017 THE PRODUCTION VALUE. Look, one video has nearly 4 million views, the other one has 80,000. There’s a clear winner in terms of reach. But that is extremely solid from Portland. And numbers don’t mean everything. Imagine Dragons have sold 12 million records. Either way, the great “Shooting Stars”ing of Diego Chara has staying power. Enough so that when another Galaxy opponent — I am not DisCo absolutely do not @ me — went airborne last weekend it only made sense to bring back a classic...With a bit of an Easter Egg at the end. you knew it was coming pic.twitter.com/wUCVpYSv5T — LA Galaxy (@LAGalaxy) July 22, 2019 Did you catch it? I missed it the first time so I’ll help. DIEEEEEEEEGGGGGOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO!!! Just in time for LA Galaxy vs. Portland (Saturday at 10:30 pm ET on FS1, FOX Deportes, TSN4). Whether it’s FC Dallas tempting fate by provoking Zlatan Ibrahimovic, Minnesota United accentuating a win over FC Dallas with “Dallas,” Sporting KC make some alterations to the Real Salt Lake logo, Atlanta United going full Nintendo, or Philadelphia recruiting a guy in a funny shirt and a giant blue demon snake with arms to destroy a Red Bulls-themed car before the demon snake destroys us ... and uhh, there’s the Illuminati ... apparently, or……uh……. Brisket Bob. [Hey, remember when I said that we would get here?] Anyway, there is a purpose and a philosophy behind the team-on-team social media violence. When Portland takes an opportunity to celebrate ruining Scott Frost Seattle Sounders FC Day, they do it with a few key ideas in mind, which at their heart come back to one thing: This is fun, y’all. “I think for me at the end of the day, sports are entertainment and it's fun to be fun,” Kayla Knapp, Portland’s senior manager of social content and strategy said. “It's about humanizing it, but it's about entertainment and about making it fun to follow all the accounts. Whether it's us, the Galaxy, Seattle, whoever, just making it a positive experience for all the fans across the league.” Fun gets people to pay attention. And while the club standing under the metaphorical basket on the dunk may not exactly enjoy being there, being upset is, in a weird way, one of the most enjoyable parts of following soccer and sports in general. It distracts us from the every day, and when it’s finally our turn to enjoy things for a while, it makes it feel that much sweeter. If these interactions are bringing more people into that fold then, according to Portland’s senior VP of business operations and marketing, Cory Dolich, even better. “It's trying to introduce the club and the brand to people that might not necessarily know it,” Dolich said. “Creating content that isn't always just about the competitive aspects of the organization and just about soccer, I think it has the potential to reach outside your traditional audience.” There is always the danger of overdoing it though, and teams will admit that constantly clapping back can become grating. It’s all about knowing how to pick your spots. Some teams will do it better than others, but it's all a small part in helping to further that connection between the league's clubs and their fans while hopefully entertaining the rest of us along the way. But mostly lol look at Portland doing the LAFC hat thing. Hahahhahahaha. EDITOR'S NOTE: J. Sam Jones is a soccer writer and columnist and regular contributor to DirtySouthSoccer.com. You can listen to him stumble through discussions about Atlanta United on the Dirty South Soccer podcast network and follow him @J_SamJones if you don’t mind occasional ALL CAPS YELLING about American Football and Pitchfork reviews.

Dr. Shannon Lucid (born 1943) is a biochemist and a retired NASA astronaut. At one time she had the longest duration in space for an American astronaut. She has flown in space five times. This includes a long mission on the Mir space station. Lucid was born in Shanghai, China. She grew up in Bethany, Oklahoma. She attended the University of Oklahoma. Lucid was awarded the Congressional Space Medal of Honor in December 1996. She is the tenth person and first woman to be given that honor. In 1993 she was inducted into the Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame. On January 31, 2012, Lucid said she was retired from NASA.

--- author: - bibliography: - 'DimensionGammaW.bib' title: 'A simple way to get the box dimension of the graph of the W. function ' --- Sorbonne Université CNRS, UMR 7598, Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions, 4, place Jussieu 75005, Paris, France Introduction {#introduction .unnumbered} ============ 0.5cm The determination of the box and Hausdorff dimension of the graph of the Weierstrass function has, since long been, a topic of interest. In the following, we show that the box-counting dimension (or Minskowski dimension) can be obtained directly, without using dynamical systems tools.\ Let us recall that, given $\lambda \,\in\,]0,1[$, and $b$ such that $\lambda\,b > 1+ \displaystyle \frac{3\,\pi}{2}$, the Weierstrass function $$x \,\in\,\R \mapsto { \mathcal W}( x)=\displaystyle \sum_{n=0}^{+\infty} \lambda^n\,\cos \left ( \pi\,b^n\,x \right)$$ is continuous everywhere, while nowhere differentiable. The original proof, by K. Weierstrass [@Weierstrass1872], can also be found in  [@Titschmarsh1939]. It has been completed by the one, now a classical one, in the case where $ \lambda\, b > 1$, by G. Hardy [@Hardy1911].\ After the works of A. S. Besicovitch and H. D. Ursell [@BesicovitchUrsell1937], it is Benoît Mandelbrot [@Mandelbrot1977] who particularly highlighted the fractal properties of the graph of the Weierstrass function. He also conjectured that the Hausdorff dimension of the graph is . Interesting discussions in relation to this question have been given in the book of K. Falconer [@Falconer1985]. A series of results for the box dimension can be found in the works of J.-L. Kaplan et al. [@Kaplan1984] (where the authors show that it is equal to the Lyapunov dimension of the equivalent attracting torus), in the one of  F. Przytycki and M. Urbańki [@PrzytyckiUrbanski1989], and in those by T-Y. Hu and K-S. Lau [@HuLau1993]. As for the Hausdorff dimension, a proof was given by B. Hunt [@Hunt1998] in 1998 in the case where arbitrary phases are included in each cosinusoidal term of the summation. Recently, K. Barańsky, B. Bárány and J. Romanowska [@Baransky2014] proved that, for any value of the real number $b$, there exists a threshold value $\lambda_b$ belonging to the interval  such that the aforementioned dimension is equal to  for every $b$ in . Results by W. Shen [@WShen2015] go further than the ones of [@Baransky2014]. In [@Keller2017], G. Keller proposes what appears as a much simpler and very original proof.\ May one wish to understand the demonstrations mentioned above, it requires theoretical background in dynamic systems theory. For instance, in the work of J.-L. Kaplan et al. [@Kaplan1984], the authors call for results that cannot be understood without knowledge on the Lyapunov dimension. One may also note that their proof, which enables one to obtain the box-counting dimension of the aforementioned graph, involves sequences revolving around the Gamma Function, Fourier coefficients, integration in the complex plane, definition of a specific measure, the solving of several equations, thus, a lot of technical manipulations (on eleven pages), to yield the result.\ Following those results, F. Przytycki and M. Urbańki [@PrzytyckiUrbanski1989] give a general method leading to the value of this box-counting dimension. It was initially devoted to the calculation of the Hausdorff dimension of the graph. It appears simpler than the one by Kaplan et al., calling for Frostman’s lemma [@PrzytyckiUrbanskiBook],  [@Pesin]. The authors deal with continuous functions $f$ satisfying conditions of the form:\ $ \forall\,(x_1,x_2)\,\in\, [0,1]^2 \, : $ -0.5cm $$\displaystyle \sup \, \left \lbrace f(a_1)-f(a_2) \, \big | \, x_1 {\leqslant}a_1 {\leqslant}a_2{\leqslant}x_2 \right \rbrace {\geqslant}C\, | x_1-x_2|^\alpha \qquad (\star)$$ where $C$ and $\alpha< 1$ denote strictly positive real constant.\ In order to apply the results by F. Przytycki and M. Urbańki, one thus requires the estimate ($\star$), which is not that easy to prove. The same kind of estimate is required to obtain the Hausdorff dimension of the graph. As evoked above, existing work in the literature all call for the theory of dynamical systems.\ Until now, the simplest calculation is the one by G. Keller [@Keller2017], where the author bypasses the Ledrappier-Young theory on hyperbolic measures [@LedrappierYoung],  [@Ledrappier], embedding the graph into an attractor of a dynamical system. The proof requires $b-$baker maps, acting on the unit square. It also requires results on stable and unstable manifolds, as well as on related fibers.\ In our work [@ClaireGB], where we build a Laplacian on the graph of the Weierstrass function $\mathcal W$, we came across a simpler means of computing the box dimension of the graph, using a sequence a graphs that approximate the studied one, bypassing all the aforementioned tools. The main computation, which, for any small interval $[x_1,x_2]\subset [0,1]$, leads to an estimate of the form: $$C_{inf}\, | x_1-x_2|^{2-D_{\mathcal W}} {\leqslant}| { \mathcal W}(x_1)-{ \mathcal W}(x_2) | {\leqslant}C_{sup}\, | x_1-x_2|^{2-D_{\mathcal W}}$$ where $ D_{{\mathcal W}}=2+\displaystyle \frac{\ln \lambda}{\ln b} $, and where $C_{inf}$ and  $C_{sup}$ denote strictly positive constants, is done in barely two pages, and does not require specific knowledge, putting the result at the disposal of a wider audience. The key results are exposed in the sequel. Framework of the study ====================== In this section, we recall results that are developed in [@ClaireGB]. We consider the case when the real number $b$ is an integer, that we this choose to denote by $N_b$. **Notation 1.1**\ We will denote by $\N$ the set of natural integers, and set: $$\N^\star= \N\setminus \left \lbrace 0 \right \rbrace.$$ [**Notation 1.2**]{}\ \ In the following, $\lambda$ and $N_b$ are two real numbers such that: $$0 <\lambda<1 \quad, \quad N_b\,\in\,\N \quad \text{and} \quad \lambda\,N_b > 1 .$$ We will consider the Weierstrass function ${\mathcal W}$, defined, for any real number $x$, by: $${\mathcal W}(x)=\displaystyle \sum_{n=0}^{+\infty} \lambda^n\,\cos \left ( 2\, \pi\,N_b^n\,x \right).$$ **Property 2.1.** **Periodic properties of the Weierstrass function**\ For any real number $x$: $${\mathcal W}( x+1)=\displaystyle \sum_{n=0}^{+\infty} \lambda^n\,\cos \left ( 2\,\pi\,N_b^{n }\,x +2\,\pi\,N_b^{n }\right) =\displaystyle \sum_{n=0}^{+\infty} \lambda^n\,\cos \left ( 2\,\pi\,N_b^{n }\,x \right)={\mathcal W}( x ).$$ The study of the Weierstrass function can be restricted to the interval $[0,1[$. We place ourselves, in the sequel, in the Euclidean plane of dimension 2, referred to a direct orthonormal frame. The usual Cartesian coordinates are $(x,y)$.\ The restriction $\Gamma_{\mathcal W}$ to $[0,1[ \times \R$, of the graph of the Weierstrass function, is approximated by means of a sequence of graphs, built through an iterative process. To this purpose, we introduce the iterated function system of the family of $C^\infty$ contractions from $\R^2$ to $\R^2$: $$\left \lbrace T_{0},\hdots,T_{N_b-1} \right \rbrace$$ where, for any integer $i$ belonging to $\left \lbrace 0,\hdots,N_b-1 \right \rbrace$, and any $(x,y)$ of $\R^2$: $$T_i(x,y) =\left( \displaystyle \frac{x+i}{N_b}, \lambda\, y + \cos\left(2\,\pi \,\left(\frac{x+i}{N_b}\right)\right) \right)$$ [**Notation**]{}\ \ We will denote by: $$D_{{\mathcal W}}=2+\displaystyle \frac{\ln \lambda}{\ln N_b}$$ the Hausdorff dimension of $\Gamma_{\mathcal W}$. $$\Gamma_{\mathcal W} = \underset{ i=0}{\overset{N_b-1}{\bigcup}}\,T_{i}(\Gamma_{\mathcal W}).$$ For any integer $i$ belonging to $\left \lbrace 0,\hdots,N_b-1\right \rbrace $, let us denote by: $$P_i=(x_i,y_i)=\left(\displaystyle \frac{i}{N_b-1},\displaystyle\frac{1}{1-\lambda}\,\cos\left ( \displaystyle\frac{2\,\pi\,i}{N_b-1}\right ) \right)$$ the fixed point of the contraction $T_i$.\ We will denote by $V_0$ the ordered set (according to increasing abscissa), of the points: $$\left \lbrace P_{0},\hdots,P_{N_b-1}\right \rbrace .$$ The set of points $V_0$, where, for any $i$ of , the point $P_i$ is linked to the point $P_{i+1}$, constitutes an oriented graph (according to increasing abscissa)), that we will denote by $ \Gamma_{{\mathcal W}_0}$. $V_0$ is called the set of vertices of the graph $ \Gamma_{{\mathcal W}_0}$.\ For any natural integer $m$, we set: $$V_m =\underset{ i=0}{\overset{N_b-1}{\bigcup}}\, T_i \left (V_{m-1}\right ).$$ The set of points $V_m$, where two consecutive points are linked, is an oriented graph (according to increasing abscissa), which we will denote by $ \Gamma_{{\mathcal W}_m}$. $V_m$ is called the set of vertices of the graph $ \Gamma_{{\mathcal W}_m}$. We will denote, in the sequel, by $${\mathcal N}^{\mathcal S}_m=2\, N_b^m+ N_b-2$$ the number of vertices of the graph $ \Gamma_{{\mathcal W}_m}$, and we will write: $$V_m = \left \lbrace P_0^m, P_1^m, \hdots, P_{{\mathcal N}^ {\mathcal S}_m-1}^m \right \rbrace .$$ **Consecutive vertices on the graph $\Gamma_{ \mathcal W} $**\ Two points $X$ and $Y$ of $\Gamma_{{ \mathcal W} }$ will be called ***consecutive vertices*** of the graph $\Gamma_{ \mathcal W} $ if there exists a natural integer $m$, and an integer $j $ of , such that: $$\left \lbrace \begin{array}{ccc}X &=& \left (T_{i_1}\circ \hdots \circ T_{i_m}\right)(P_j)\\ Y &=& \left (T_{i_1}\circ \hdots \circ T_{i_m}\right)(P_{j+1})\end{array}\right. \qquad\left ( i_1,\hdots, i_m \right )\,\in\,\left \lbrace 0,\hdots,N_b-1 \right \rbrace^m$$ or: $$\left \lbrace \begin{array}{ccc}X &=& \left (T_{i_1}\circ T_{i_2}\circ \hdots \circ T_{i_m}\right)\left (P_{N_b-1}\right) \\ Y &=&\left (T_{i_1+1}\circ T_{i_2}\hdots \circ T_{i_m} \right)(P_{0})\end{array}\right. .$$ For any natural integer $m$, the $ {\mathcal N}^{\mathcal S}_m$ consecutive vertices of the graph $ \Gamma_{{\mathcal W}_m} $ are, also, the vertices of $N_b^m$ simple polygons ${\mathcal P}_{m,j}$,\  , with $N_b$ sides. For any integer $j$ such that , one obtains each polygon by linking the point number $j$ to the point number $j+1$ if , , and the point number $j$ to the point number $j-N_b+1$ if . These polygons generate a Borel set of $\R^2$. **Word, on the graph $\Gamma_{ \mathcal W} $**\ Let $m $ be a strictly positive integer. We will call **number-letter** any integer ${\mathcal M}_i$ of , and **word of length $|{\mathcal M}|=m$**, on the graph $\Gamma_{ \mathcal W} $, any set of number-letters of the form: $${\mathcal M}=\left ( {\mathcal M}_1, \hdots, {\mathcal M}_m\right).$$ We will write: $$T_{\mathcal M}= T_{{\mathcal M}_1} \circ \hdots \circ T_{{\mathcal M}_m} .$$ **Edge relation, on the graph $\Gamma_{ \mathcal W} $**\ Given a natural integer $m$, two points $X$ and $Y$ of $\Gamma_{{ \mathcal W}_m}$ will be called ***adjacent*** if and only if $X$ and $Y$ are two consecutive vertices of $\Gamma_{{ \mathcal W}_m}$. We will write: $$X \underset{m }{\sim} Y .$$ This edge relation ensures the existence of a word [${\mathcal M}=\left ( {\mathcal M}_1, \hdots, {\mathcal M}_m\right)$]{} of length $ m$, such that $X$ and $Y$ both belong to the iterate: $$T_{\mathcal M} \,V_0=\left (T_{{\mathcal M}_1} \circ \hdots \circ T_{{\mathcal M}_m} \right) \,V_0 .$$ Given two points $X$ and $Y$ of the graph $\Gamma_{ \mathcal W} $, we will say that $X$ and $Y$ are ***adjacent*** if and only if there exists a natural integer $m$ such that: $$X \underset{m }{\sim} Y.$$ **Adresses, on the graph of the Weierstrass function**\ Given a strictly positive integer $m$, and a word ${\mathcal M}=\left ( {\mathcal M}_1, \hdots, {\mathcal M}_m\right)$ of length $m\,\in\,\N^\star$, on the graph $\Gamma_{ {\mathcal W}_m }$, for any integer $j$ of $\left \lbrace 1,\hdots,N_b-2\right \rbrace $, any $X=T_{\mathcal M}(P_j)$ of $ V_m \setminus V_{0}$, i.e. distinct from one of the $N_b $ fixed point $P_i$,  , has exactly two adjacent vertices, given by: $$T_{\mathcal M}(P_{j+1})\quad \text{and} \quad T_{\mathcal M}(P_{j-1})$$ where: $$T_{\mathcal M} = T_{{\mathcal M}_1} \circ \hdots \circ T_{{\mathcal M}_m} .$$ By convention, the adjacent vertices of $T_{{\mathcal M} }(P_{0}) $ are $T_{{\mathcal M} }(P_{1})$ and $T_{{\mathcal M} }(P_{N_b-1})$, those of $T_{{\mathcal M} }(P_{N_b-1})$, $T_{{\mathcal M} }(P_{N_b-2})$ and $T_{{\mathcal M} }(P_{0})$ . [**Notation 2.3.**]{}\ \ For any integer $j $ belonging to , any natural integer $m$, and any word $\mathcal M$ of length $m$, we set: $$\begin{array}{ccc} T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j } \right) & =& \left ( x \left (T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j } \right) \right), y \left (T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j } \right) \right) \right) \end{array}$$ $$\begin{array}{ccc} T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j+1 } \right) & =& \left ( x \left (T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j+1 } \right) \right), y \left (T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j+1 } \right) \right) \right) \end{array}$$ $$L_m= x\left ( T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j+1 } \right) \right)-x\left ( T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j } \right)\right)= \displaystyle \frac{1}{(N_b-1)\, N_b^m}$$ $$h_{j,m}= y\left ( T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j+1 } \right) \right)-y\left ( T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j } \right)\right) .$$ Main results ============ **An upper and lower bound, for the box-dimension of the graph $\Gamma_{\mathcal W}$**\ For any integer $j$ belonging to , each natural integer $m$, and each word $\mathcal M$ of length $m$, let us consider the rectangle, the width of which is: $$L_m= x\left ( T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j+1 } \right) \right)-x\left ( T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j } \right)\right)= \displaystyle \frac{1}{(N_b-1)\, N_b^m}$$ and height $|h_{j,m}|$, such that the points  and  are two vertices of this rectangle.\ Then:\ i. When the integer $N_b$ is odd: $$L_m^{2-D_{\mathcal W}} \,(N_b-1)^{2-D_{\mathcal W}}\, \left \lbrace \displaystyle\frac{2}{1-\lambda}\, \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi }{ N_b-1 }\right ) \displaystyle \min_{0 {\leqslant}j {\leqslant}N_b-1 } \left | \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi\,(2\,j+1 )}{ N_b-1 }\right ) \right| - \displaystyle \frac{ 2\,\pi }{ N_b \,(N_b-1)} \, \displaystyle \frac{ 1 }{ \lambda \, N_b -1} \right \rbrace {\leqslant}|h_{j,m}|$$ ii\. When the integer $N_b$ is even: $$L_m^{2-D_{\mathcal W}} (N_b-1)^{2-D_{\mathcal W}} \max \left \lbrace \! \! \displaystyle\frac{2}{1-\lambda} \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi }{ N_b-1 }\right ) \! \! \displaystyle \min_{0 {\leqslant}j {\leqslant}N_b-1 } \! \! \left | \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi\,(2\,j+1 )}{ N_b-1 }\right ) \right| \! \! -\! \! \displaystyle \frac{ 2\,\pi }{ N_b \,(N_b-1)} \displaystyle \frac{ 1 }{ \lambda \, N_b -1} , \displaystyle \frac{4 }{ N_b^{2} } \displaystyle \frac{1- N_b^{ -2} } { N_b^2-1 } \right \rbrace \! \! {\leqslant}\! |h_{j,m}| \!$$ Also: $$|h_{j,m}| {\leqslant}\eta_{ {\mathcal W} }\,L_m^{2-D_{\mathcal W}} \, (N_b-1)^{2-D_{\mathcal W}}\,$$ where the real constant  is given by : $$\eta_{ {\mathcal W} } = 2\, \pi^2\, \left \lbrace \displaystyle \frac{ (2\,N_b-1)\, \lambda\, (N_b^2-1) } {(N_b-1)^2 \, (1- \lambda )\,(\lambda \,N_b^{ 2}-1) } + \displaystyle \frac{ 2\, N_b } { (\lambda \,N_b^{ 2 }-1)\, (\lambda \,N_b^{ 3 }-1) } \right \rbrace .$$ The box-dimension of the graph $\Gamma_{\mathcal W}$ is exactly $D_{\mathcal W}$. By definition of the box-counting dimension $D_{\mathcal W}$ (we refer, for instance, to [@Falconer1985]), the smallest number of squares, the side length of which is at most equal to $L_m$, that can cover the graph $\Gamma_{ \mathcal W}$ on $[0,1[$, obeys, approximately, a power law of the form: $$c\, L_m^{-D_{\mathcal W}} \quad , \quad c >0.$$ Let us set:\ $$C= \displaystyle \max \,\left \lbrace \left \lbrace \displaystyle\frac{2}{1-\lambda}\, \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi }{ N_b-1 }\right )\, \displaystyle \min_{0 {\leqslant}j {\leqslant}N_b-1 } \left | \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi\,(2\,j+1 )}{ N_b-1 }\right ) \right| - \displaystyle \frac{ 2\,\pi }{ N_b \,(N_b-1)} \, \displaystyle \frac{ 1 }{ \lambda \, N_b -1} \right \rbrace ,\eta_{ {\mathcal W} } \right \rbrace$$ and consider the subdivision of the interval $[0,1[$ into: $$N_m=\displaystyle \frac{1}{L_m}=(N_b-1)\, N_b^m$$ sub-intervals of length $L_m$. One has to determine a natural integer $\tilde{N}_m$ such that the graph of $\Gamma_{\mathcal W}$ on $[0,1[$ can be covered by $N_m \times \tilde{N}_m $ squares of side . By considering, the vertical amplitude of the graph, one gets: $$\tilde{N}_m =\left \lfloor \displaystyle \frac{C\, L_m^{2-D_{\mathcal W} }}{L_m}\right\rfloor+1 \quad \text{i.e.} \quad \tilde{N}_m = \left \lfloor C\, L_m^{1-D_{\mathcal W} } \right\rfloor+1.$$ Thus: $$N_m \times \tilde{N}_m =\displaystyle \frac{\tilde{N}_m}{L_m}= \displaystyle \frac{1}{L_m}\,\left \lfloor C\, L_m^{1-D_{\mathcal W} } \right \rfloor + \displaystyle \frac{1}{L_m}.$$ The integer $N_m \times \tilde{N}_m$ then obeys a power law of the form $$N_m \times \tilde{N}_m \approx c\, L_m^{-D_{\mathcal W} }$$ where $c$ denotes a strictly positive constant. **Proof of Theorem 1.9.**\ *i*.\ For any pair of integers $(i_m,j)$ of : $$\begin{array}{ccc} T_{i_m} \left (P_{j } \right)& =&\left( \displaystyle \frac{x_j+i_m}{N_b}, \lambda\, y_j + \cos\left(2\,\pi \,\left(\frac{x_j+i_m}{N_b}\right)\right) \right). \end{array}$$ For any triplet of integers $(i_m,i_{m-1},j)$ of : $$\begin{array}{ccc} &&T_{i_{m-1}} \left ( T_{i_m}\left (P_{j } \right)\right) =\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad \\ \\ &&=\left( \displaystyle \frac{\frac{x_j+{i_m}}{N_b}+i_{m-1}}{N_b}, \lambda^2\, y_j + \lambda\,\cos\left(2\,\pi \,\left( \frac{x_j+{i_m}}{N_b} \right)\right)+ \cos\left(2\,\pi \,\left(\frac{\frac{x_j+{i_m}}{N_b}+i_{m-1} }{N_b}\right)\right) \right) \qquad\\ \\ & &=\left( \displaystyle \frac{x_j+{i_m}}{ N_b^2}+ \displaystyle \frac{ i_{m-1}}{N_b}, \lambda^2\, y_j + \lambda \cos\left(2\,\pi \,\left( \frac{x_j+{i_m}}{N_b} \right)\right)+ \cos\left( 2\,\pi \,\left( \displaystyle \frac{x_j+{i_m}}{ N_b^2}+ \displaystyle \frac{ i_{m-1}}{N_b}\right)\right) \right).\\ \ \end{array}$$ For any quadruplet of integers $(i_m,i_{m-1},i_{m-2},j)$ of : $$\begin{array}{ccc} T_{i_{m-2}} \left (T_{i_{m-1}} \left ( T_{i_m}\left (P_{j } \right)\right)\right) = \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad \qquad&&\\ \\ = \bigg( \displaystyle \frac{x_j+{i_m}}{ N_b^3}+ \displaystyle \frac{ i_{m-1}}{N_b^2} + \displaystyle \frac{ i_{m-2}}{N_b}, \qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\\ \lambda^3\, y_j \!+ \! \lambda^2\, \cos\left(2\,\pi \,\left( \frac{x_j+ i_m }{N_b} \right)\right) \!+\!\lambda \cos\left(2\,\pi \,\left( \displaystyle \frac{x_j+{i_m}}{ N_b^2}+ \displaystyle \frac{ i_{m-1}}{N_b}\right)\right) \!+\!\cos\left(2\,\pi \,\left( \displaystyle \frac{x_j+{i_m}}{ N_b^3}+ \displaystyle \frac{ i_{m-1}}{N_b^2} + \displaystyle \frac{ i_{m-2}}{N_b}\right) \right) \bigg). \!\!&& \end{array}$$ Given a strictly positive integer $m$, and two points $X$ and $Y$ of $V_m$ such that: $$X \underset{m }{\sim} Y$$ there exists a word $\mathcal M$ of length , on the graph $\Gamma_{ \mathcal W} $, and an integer $j$ of , such that: $$X= T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j } \right) \quad , \quad Y= T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j+1 } \right).$$ Let us write $T_{\mathcal M}$ under the form: $$T_{\mathcal M}=T_{i_m} \circ T_{i_{m-1}} \circ \hdots \circ T_{i_1}$$ where .\ One has then: $$x \left (T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j } \right) \right ) = \displaystyle \frac{x_j }{ N_b^m}+ \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^m\frac{ i_{k}}{N_b^k} \quad , \quad x \left (T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j+1 } \right) \right) = \displaystyle \frac{x_{j+1} }{ N_b^m}+ \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^m\frac{ i_{k}}{N_b^k}$$ and: $$\left \lbrace \begin{array}{ccc} y\left (T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j } \right) \right) & =&\lambda^m\, y_{j } + \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{m-k}\, \cos\left(2\,\pi \,\left( \displaystyle \frac{x_{j } }{ N_b^{k}}+ \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}}{N_b^{k- \ell}}\right)\right) \\ \\ y \left (T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j+1 } \right) \right) & =&\lambda^m\, y_{j+1 } + \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{m-k}\, \cos\left(2\,\pi \,\left( \displaystyle \frac{x_{j+1 } }{ N_b^{k}}+ \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}}{N_b^{k- \ell}}\right)\right) \end{array} \right. .$$ *ii*.\ Let us note that: $$\begin{array}{ccc} h_{j,m} -\lambda^m\, \left (y_{j+1 }-y_{j } \right) =\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad \qquad& &\\ \\ = \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{m-k}\, \left \lbrace \cos\left(2\,\pi \,\left( \displaystyle \frac{x_{j+1 } }{ N_b^{k}}+ \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}}{N_b^{k- \ell}}\right)\right) -\cos\left(2\,\pi \,\left( \displaystyle \frac{x_{j } }{ N_b^{k}} - \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}}{N_b^{k- \ell}}\right)\right) \right \rbrace \qquad &&\\ \\ = -2 \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{m-k}\, \sin \left( \pi \,\left( \displaystyle \frac{x_{j+1 }-x_j }{ N_b^{k}} \right) \right) \, \sin \left(2\,\pi \,\left( \displaystyle \frac{x_{j+1 }+x_j }{ 2\,N_b^{k}}+ \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}}{N_b^{k- \ell}}\right) \right) . \qquad \qquad&& \\ \\ \\ \end{array}$$ Taking into account: $$\begin{array}{ccc} \lambda^m\, \left (y_{j+1 }-y_{j } \right) & = & \displaystyle\frac{\lambda^m}{1-\lambda}\, \left ( \cos\left ( \displaystyle\frac{2\,\pi\,(j+1)}{N_b-1}\right )- \cos\left ( \displaystyle\frac{2\,\pi\,j}{N_b-1}\right ) \right) \\ & = & -2\, \displaystyle\frac{\lambda^m}{1-\lambda}\, \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{2\,\pi\,(j+1-j)}{2\,(N_b-1)}\right )\, \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{2\,\pi\,(j+1+j)}{2\, (N_b-1)}\right ) \\ & = & -2\, \displaystyle\frac{\lambda^m}{1-\lambda}\, \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi }{ N_b-1 }\right )\, \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi\,(2\,j+1 )}{ N_b-1 }\right ) \\ \end{array}$$ triangular inequality leads then to: $$\begin{array}{ccc} \left | y \left (T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j +1 } \right) \right)- y \left (T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j } \right)\right) \right|=\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad&&\\ \\ =\left | \lambda^m\, \left (y_{j +1 }-y_{j } \right) -2\,\displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{m-k}\, \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi }{ N_b^{k+1} \,(N_b-1)} \right) \, \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi \,(2\,j+1) }{ N_b^{k+1}\,(N_b-1)}+2\, \pi \, \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}}{N_b^{k- \ell}}\right) \right|\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad \qquad&& \\ \\ {\geqslant}\left | \lambda^m\, \left | \left (y_{j +1 }-y_{j } \right) \right| -2\, \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{m-k}\, \left | \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi }{ N_b^{k+1} \,(N_b-1)} \right) \, \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi \,(2\,j+1) }{ N_b^{k+1}\,(N_b-1)}+2\, \pi \, \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}}{N_b^{k- \ell}}\right) \right| \right| \qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad \quad&& \\ \\ = \lambda^m\, \biggl | \displaystyle\frac{2}{1-\lambda}\, \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi }{ N_b-1 }\right )\, \left | \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi\,(2\,j+1 )}{ N_b-1 }\right ) \right| \qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad \qquad&&\\ -2\, \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{ -k}\, \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi }{ N_b^{k+1} \,(N_b-1)} \right) \, \left | \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi \,(2\,j+1) }{ N_b^{k+1}\,(N_b-1)}+2\, \pi \, \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}}{N_b^{k- \ell}}\right) \right| \biggl|. \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\quad&& \end{array}$$ One also has: $$\begin{array}{cccc} 2\, \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{ -k}\, \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi }{ N_b^{k+1} \,(N_b-1)} \right) \left | \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi \,(2\,j+1) }{ N_b^{k+1}\,(N_b-1)}+2\, \pi \, \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}}{N_b^{k- \ell}}\right) \right| {\leqslant}\qquad && \\ \\ {\leqslant}2\, \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{ -k}\, \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi }{ N_b^{k+1} \,(N_b-1)} \right) \qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\quad && \\ {\leqslant}2\, \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{ -k}\, \displaystyle \frac{ \pi }{ N_b^{k+1} \,(N_b-1)} \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad&& \\ = \displaystyle \frac{ 2\,\pi }{ N_b \,(N_b-1)} \, \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \displaystyle \frac{ 1 }{ \lambda^{ k}\,N_b^{k } } \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad&& \\ = \displaystyle \frac{ 2\,\pi }{ N_b \,(N_b-1)} \, \lambda^{ -1}\, N_b^{-1 } \displaystyle \frac{ 1-\lambda^{ -m}\, N_b^{-m } }{ 1-\lambda^{ -1}\, N_b^{-1 } } \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad&& \\ \\ {\leqslant}\displaystyle \frac{ 2\,\pi }{ N_b \,(N_b-1)} \, \lambda^{ -1}\, N_b^{-1 } \displaystyle \frac{ 1 }{ 1-\lambda^{ -1}\, N_b^{-1 } } \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad&& \\ \\ = \displaystyle \frac{ 2\,\pi }{ N_b \,(N_b-1)} \, \displaystyle \frac{ 1 }{ \lambda \, N_b -1} \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad&&\\ \end{array}$$ which yields: $$\begin{array}{ccc} - 2\, \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{ -k}\, \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi }{ N_b^{k+1} \,(N_b-1)} \right) \, \left | \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi \,(2\,j+1) }{ N_b^{k+1}\,(N_b-1)}+2\, \pi \, \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}}{N_b^{k- \ell}}\right) \right| {\geqslant}- \displaystyle \frac{ 2\,\pi }{ N_b \,(N_b-1)} \, \displaystyle \frac{ 1 }{ \lambda \, N_b -1} . \\ \end{array}$$ Thus: $$\begin{array}{ccc} \displaystyle\frac{2}{1-\lambda}\, \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi }{ N_b-1 }\right )\, \left | \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi\,(2\,j+1 )}{ N_b-1 }\right ) \right| \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad \qquad &&\\- 2\, \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{ -k}\, \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi }{ N_b^{k+1} \,(N_b-1)} \right) \, \left | \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi \,(2\,j+1) }{ N_b^{k+1}\,(N_b-1)}+2\, \pi \, \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}}{N_b^{k- \ell}}\right) \right| {\geqslant}&&\\ \\ {\geqslant}\displaystyle\frac{2}{1-\lambda}\, \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi }{ N_b-1 }\right )\, \left | \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi\,(2\,j+1 )}{ N_b-1 }\right ) \right| - \displaystyle \frac{ 2\,\pi }{ N_b \,(N_b-1)} \, \displaystyle \frac{ 1 }{ \lambda \, N_b -1} . \qquad\qquad&& \\ \end{array}$$ The following results hold: $$\sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi\,(2\,j+1 )}{ N_b-1 }\right ) =0 \quad \text{if and only if~$N_b$ is even and~$j=\displaystyle\frac{ N_b}{ 2 } -1 $.}$$ **Proof of lemma 2.3.**\ Since $0 {\leqslant}j {\leqslant}N_b-1$, one has: $$0 {\leqslant}2\, j +1{\leqslant}2\, N_b-1\quad \text{and thus} \quad 0 {\leqslant}\displaystyle\frac{ 2\,j+1 }{ N_b-1 } {\leqslant}2 +\displaystyle\frac{ 1 }{ N_b-1 } .$$ Then, $\sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi\,(2\,j+1 )}{ N_b-1 }\right ) =0$ in the sole cases: $$\displaystyle\frac{ 2\,j+1 }{ N_b-1 } = 1 \quad \text{or} \quad \displaystyle\frac{ 2\,j+1 }{ N_b-1 } = 2.$$ The second case has to be rejected, since it would lead to: $$j=N_b-\displaystyle\frac{ 3}{ 2 } \, \notin \, \N$$ The only possibility is thus when $N_b$ is an even number: $$j=\displaystyle\frac{ N_b}{ 2 } -1$$ The converse side is obvious.\ $\square$  $\sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi\,(2\,j+1 )}{ N_b-1 }\right ) \neq 0$. One has then: $$\left | \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi\,(2\,j+1 )}{ N_b-1 }\right ) \right| {\geqslant}\displaystyle \min_{0 {\leqslant}j {\leqslant}N_b-1}\, \left | \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi\,(2\,j+1 )}{ N_b-1 }\right ) \right| =\left | \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi}{ N_b-1 }\right ) \right|{\geqslant}\displaystyle\frac{ 2}{ N_b-1 }.$$ This leads to: $$\begin{array}{ccc} \displaystyle\frac{2}{1-\lambda}\, \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi }{ N_b-1 }\right )\, \left | \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi\,(2\,j+1 )}{ N_b-1 }\right ) \right| \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad \qquad \qquad&&\\ - 2\, \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{ -k}\, \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi }{ N_b^{k+1} \,(N_b-1)} \right) \, \left | \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi \,(2\,j+1) }{ N_b^{k+1}\,(N_b-1)}+2\, \pi \, \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}}{N_b^{k- \ell}}\right) \right| {\geqslant}\qquad &&\\ \\ {\geqslant}\displaystyle\frac{2}{1-\lambda}\, \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi }{ N_b-1 }\right )\, \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi }{ N_b-1 }\right ) - \displaystyle \frac{ 2\,\pi }{ N_b \,(N_b-1)} \, \displaystyle \frac{ 1 }{ \lambda \, N_b -1} \qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad&& \\ \\ {\geqslant}\displaystyle\frac{2}{1-\lambda}\, \displaystyle\frac{ 4}{ (N_b-1 )^2 } - \displaystyle \frac{ 2\,\pi }{ N_b \,(N_b-1)} \, \displaystyle \frac{ 1 }{ \lambda \, N_b -1} \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad \qquad&& \\ \\ = \displaystyle\frac{ 2}{ N_b-1 } \, \left \lbrace \displaystyle\frac{4}{1-\lambda}\, \displaystyle\frac{ 1}{ N_b-1 } - \displaystyle \frac{ \pi }{ N_b } \, \displaystyle \frac{ 1 }{ \lambda \, N_b -1} \right \rbrace \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad\qquad \qquad&& \\ \\ = \displaystyle\frac{ 2}{ N_b\,(N_b-1 )\,(1-\lambda)\,( \lambda\,N_b-1)} \, \left \lbrace 4\,N_b\, ( \lambda \, N_b -1) - \pi \,(1-\lambda)\, (N_b-1 )\right \rbrace . \qquad\qquad && \\ \end{array}$$ The function $$\lambda \mapsto 4\,N_b\, ( \lambda \, N_b -1) - \pi \,(1-\lambda)\, (N_b-1 )$$ is affine and strictly increasing in $\lambda$, and quadratic and strictly increasing in $N_b$, for strictly positive values of $N_b$. This ensures the positivity of: $$\begin{array}{ccc} \displaystyle\frac{2}{1-\lambda}\, \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi }{ N_b-1 }\right )\, \left | \sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi\,(2\,j+1 )}{ N_b-1 }\right ) \right| \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad && \\ - 2\, \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{ -k}\, \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi }{ N_b^{k+1} \,(N_b-1)} \right) \, \left | \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi \,(2\,j+1) }{ N_b^{k+1}\,(N_b-1)}+2\, \pi \, \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}}{N_b^{k- \ell}}\right) \right| . &&\\ \end{array}$$  $\sin\left ( \displaystyle\frac{ \pi\,(2\,j+1 )}{ N_b-1 }\right ) = 0$.\ One has then: $$\begin{array}{ccc} \left | y \left (T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j +1 } \right) \right)- y \left (T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j } \right)\right) \right| {\geqslant}2\, \lambda^m\, \left | \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{ -k}\, \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi }{ N_b^{k+1} } \right) \, \left | \sin \left( \displaystyle \frac{ \pi }{ N_b^{k+1}}+2\, \pi \, \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}}{N_b^{k- \ell}}\right) \right| \right| && \\ \end{array}$$ Thanks to the periodic properties of the sine function, one may only consider the case when: $$0 {\leqslant}\displaystyle \frac{ \pi }{ N_b^{k+1} }+2\, \pi \, \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}}{N_b^{k- \ell}} {\leqslant}\displaystyle \frac{ \pi }{2}.$$ Thus: $$\begin{array}{ccc} \left | y \left (T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j +1 } \right) \right)- y \left (T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j } \right)\right) \right| &{\geqslant}& \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{ -k}\, \displaystyle \frac{2 }{ N_b^{k+1} } \, \left \lbrace \displaystyle \frac{2 }{ N_b^{k+1} }+2\, \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}}{N_b^{k- \ell}}\right \rbrace \\ & {\geqslant}& \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{ -k}\, \displaystyle \frac{2 }{ N_b^{k+1} } \, \left \lbrace \displaystyle \frac{2 }{ N_b^{k+1} } \right \rbrace \\ &=& \displaystyle \frac{4 \,\lambda^{ -1} }{ N_b^{4} } \, \displaystyle \frac{1- \lambda^{ -m}\,N_b^{ -2m} }{ 1-\lambda^{ -1}\,N_b^{ -2} } \\ & =&\displaystyle \frac{4 }{ N_b^{2} \,(N_b-1)^2} \, \displaystyle \frac{1- \lambda^{ -m}\,N_b^{ -m} } { \lambda \,N_b-1} \\ &=& \displaystyle \frac{4 }{ N_b^{2} } \, \displaystyle \frac{1- N_b^{ -2} } { N_b^2-1 } . \\ \end{array}$$  the above results enable us to obtain the predominant term of the lower bound of  , which is thus: $$\lambda^{m } = e^{ m\,(D_{\mathcal W}-2)\, \ln N_b}= N_b^{ m\,(D_{\mathcal W}-2)} = L_m^{2-D_{\mathcal W}} \,(N_b-1)^{2-D_{\mathcal W}} .$$ *ii.* .\ One has: $$\begin{array}{ccc} \left | h_{j,m}\right| & {\leqslant}& \displaystyle\frac{2\,\lambda^m }{1-\lambda}\, \displaystyle\frac{ \pi^2\,(2\,j+1)}{(N_b-1)^2} + 2\,\displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \lambda^{m-k}\, \pi \,\left\lbrace \displaystyle \frac{2\,j+1}{(N_b-1)\, N_b^k}+ 2\, \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}}{N_b^{k- \ell}}\right \rbrace \, \displaystyle \frac{ \pi }{ (N_b-1)\, N_b^k} \\ \\ & =& \displaystyle\frac{2\,\lambda^m}{1-\lambda}\, \displaystyle\frac{ \pi^2\,(2\,j+1)}{(N_b-1)^2} + \displaystyle \frac{ 2\,\pi^2\, \lambda^m }{ N_b-1 }\, \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{m } \,\left\lbrace \displaystyle \frac{(2\,j+1)\, \lambda^{ -k}}{(N_b-1)\, N_b^{2k}}+ 2\, \displaystyle \sum_{\ell=0}^{k}\frac{ i_{ m-\ell}\, \lambda^{ -k} }{N_b^{2k- \ell}}\right \rbrace \\ \\ & = & \displaystyle\frac{2\,\lambda^m}{1-\lambda}\, \displaystyle\frac{ \pi^2\,(2\,j+1)}{(N_b-1)^2} \\ && + \displaystyle \frac{ 2\,\pi^2\, \lambda^m }{ N_b-1 }\, \left\lbrace \displaystyle \frac{\lambda^{-1}\,N_b^{-2}\,(2\,j+1) }{(N_b-1) } \, \displaystyle \frac{ (1- \lambda^{ -m }\,N_b^{ -2m })}{1- \lambda^{ - 1}\,N_b^{ - 2}} + 2\, \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^m \frac{ (N_b-1)\, \lambda^{ -k} }{N_b^{2k }} \displaystyle \frac{1-N_b^{-k-1}}{1-N_b^{-1}}\right \rbrace \\ \\ & {\leqslant}& \displaystyle\frac{2\,\lambda^m}{1-\lambda}\, \displaystyle\frac{ \pi^2\,(2\,N_b-1)}{(N_b-1)^2} + \displaystyle \frac{ 2\,\pi^2\, \lambda^m }{ N_b-1 }\, \displaystyle \frac{ (2\,N_b-1) }{(N_b-1) } \, \displaystyle \frac{ (1- \lambda^{ -m }\,N_b^{ -2m })}{ \lambda \,N_b^{ 2}-1} \\ \\ && + \displaystyle \frac{ 2\,\pi^2\, \lambda^m }{ N_b-1 }\, 2\, \displaystyle \frac{ \lambda^{ -1 }\,N_b^{ -2 }\, (N_b-1)\, (1- \lambda^{ -m }\,N_b^{ -2m }) }{ (1-N_b^{-1})\,(1-\lambda^{ -1 }\,N_b^{ -2 })} \\ \\ && - \displaystyle \frac{ 2\,\pi^2\, \lambda^m }{ N_b-1 }\, 2\, \displaystyle \frac{ \lambda^{ -1 }\,N_b^{ -3 }\, (N_b-1)\, (1- \lambda^{ -m }\,N_b^{ -3m })}{ (1-N_b^{-1})\,(1-\lambda^{ -1 }\,N_b^{ -3 })} \\ \\ & {\leqslant}& \displaystyle\frac{2\,\lambda^m}{1-\lambda}\, \displaystyle\frac{ \pi^2\,(2\,N_b-1)}{(N_b-1)^2} + \displaystyle \frac{ 2\,\pi^2\, \lambda^m }{ N_b-1 }\, \displaystyle \frac{ (2\,N_b-1) }{(N_b-1) } \, \displaystyle \frac{ 1}{ \lambda \,N_b^{ 2}-1} \\ \\ && + \displaystyle \frac{ 4\,\pi^2\, N_b\, \lambda^m }{ N_b-1 }\,\left \lbrace \displaystyle \frac{ 1}{ \lambda \,N_b^{ 2 }-1 } - \displaystyle \frac{ 1}{ \lambda \,N_b^{ 3 }-1 }\right \rbrace \\ \\ & = &2\, \pi^2\,\lambda^m \,\left \lbrace \displaystyle \frac{ (2\,N_b-1)\, \lambda\, (N_b^2-1) } {(N_b-1)^2 \, (1- \lambda )\,(\lambda \,N_b^{ 2}-1) } + \displaystyle \frac{ 2\, N_b } { (\lambda \,N_b^{ 2 }-1)\, (\lambda \,N_b^{ 3 }-1) } \right \rbrace . \\ \\ \end{array}$$ Since: $$x\left ( T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j+1 } \right) \right)-x\left ( T_{\mathcal M} \left (P_{j } \right)\right)= \displaystyle \frac{1}{(N_b-1)\, N_b^m}$$ and: $$D_{\mathcal W}= 2+\displaystyle \frac{\ln \lambda}{\ln N_b} \quad , \quad \lambda= e^{(D_{\mathcal W}-2)\, \ln N_b}= N_b^{(D_{\mathcal W}-2) }$$ one has thus: $$\begin{array}{ccc} \left | h_{j,m}\right| & {\leqslant}& 2\, \pi^2\,L_m^{2-D_{\mathcal W} }\, \left (N_b-1\right)^{2-D_{\mathcal W} }\,\,\left \lbrace \displaystyle \frac{ (2\,N_b-1)\, \lambda\, (N_b^2-1) } {(N_b-1)^2 \, (1- \lambda )\,(\lambda \,N_b^{ 2}-1) } + \displaystyle \frac{ 2\, N_b } { (\lambda \,N_b^{ 2 }-1)\, (\lambda \,N_b^{ 3 }-1) } \right \rbrace . \\ \\ \end{array}$$ $\square$ In [@Hunt1998], B. Hunt uses the fact that the Hausdorff dimension of a fractal set $\mathcal F$ can be obtained by means of what is called the $t-$energy, , of a Borel measure supported on $\mathcal F$ (one may refer to [@Falconer1985], for instance): $$I_t(\mu)= \displaystyle \int \!\!\!\int \displaystyle \frac{d\mu(x)\,d\mu(x')}{|x-x'|^t}$$ which enables one to obtain: $$\dim {\mathcal F}=\displaystyle \sup\,\left \lbrace t \,\in\,\R, \, \text{$\mu$ supported on $\mathcal F$} \big |\, I_t(\mu)< + \infty \right \rbrace$$ A lower bound $t_0$ of the Hausdorff dimension can thus be obtained by building a measure $\mu$ supported on $\mathcal F$ such that: $$I_{t_0}(\mu)< + \infty .$$ B. Hunt proceeds as follows: he introduces the measure $\mu_{\mathcal W}$ supported on $\Gamma_{\mathcal W}$, induced by the Lebesgue measure $\mu$ on $[0,1]$. Thus: $$I_t\left (\mu_{\mathcal W}\right )= \displaystyle \int \!\!\!\int \displaystyle \frac{d\mu_{\mathcal W}(x)\,d\mu_{\mathcal W}(x')}{\left \lbrace |x-x'|^2+ |{\mathcal W}(x)-{\mathcal W}(x')|^2\right \rbrace ^{\frac{t}{2}}} .$$ We could also have used a similar argument since, in our case: $$|x- x' |^{2-D_{\mathcal W}}\lesssim |{\mathcal W}(x)-{\mathcal W}(x')| \lesssim |x- x' |^{2-D_{\mathcal W}}.$$ **Thanks** The author would like to thank the anonymous referee for his careful reading, and his very pertinent suggestions and advices, which helped a lot improving the original work.