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english--7043973761333172214-0
Kübler-Ross model
The Kübler-Ross model is popularly known as the five stages of grief, though more accurately, the model postulates a progression of emotional states experienced by terminally ill patients after diagnosis. The five stages are chronologically: denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance.
What are the stages of grief?
{ "text": [ "denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance" ], "answer_start": [ 242 ] }
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english-6481610031555154554-0
Mansfield Town F.C.
Mansfield Town Football Club is a professional football club based in the town of Mansfield, Nottinghamshire, England. The club was formed in 1897 as Mansfield Wesleyans, changing its name to Mansfield Wesley in 1906 before settling on Mansfield Town in 1910, and are nicknamed “The Stags”. They traditionally play in a royal blue and amber kit. The club currently competes in League Two, the fourth tier of English football. Mansfield have lifted four professional trophies, winning the Fourth Division title in 1974–75, the Third Division in 1976–77, the Football League Trophy in 1986–87 and the Football Conference title in 2012–13. The Stags also finished as runners-up in the 2010–11 FA Trophy.
When was the Mansfield Town Football Club first founded?
{ "text": [ "1897" ], "answer_start": [ 142 ] }
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english-1528072013281536112-2
President of Indonesia
On 20 October 2014, Joko Widodo became the seventh and current president of Indonesia.
Who is the current political leader of Indonesia?
{ "text": [ "Joko Widodo" ], "answer_start": [ 20 ] }
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english--8149430167475224830-6
Gupta Empire
Gupta (fl. late 3rd century CE) is the earliest known king of the dynasty: different historians variously date the beginning of his reign from mid-to-late 3rd century CE.[31][32] "Che-li-ki-to", the name of a king mentioned by the 7th century Chinese Buddhist monk Yijing, is believed to be a transcription of "Shri-Gupta" (IAST: Śrigupta), "Shri" being an honorific prefix.[33] According to Yijing, this king built a temple for Chinese Buddhist pilgrims near "Mi-li-kia-si-kia-po-no" (believed to be a transcription of Mṛgaśikhāvana).[34]
Who was the first leader of the Gupta Empire?
{ "text": [ "Gupta" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
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english-2559825252556596406-2
Tomato
Numerous varieties of the tomato plant are widely grown in temperate climates across the world, with greenhouses allowing for the production of tomatoes throughout all seasons of the year. Tomato plants typically grow to 1–3 meters (3–10ft) in height. They are vines that have a weak stem that sprawls and typically needs support.[2] Indeterminate tomato plants are perennials in their native habitat, but are cultivated as annuals. Determinate, or bush, plants are annuals that stop growing at a certain height and produce a crop all at once. The size of the tomato varies according to the cultivar, with a range of 0.5–4 inches (1.3–10.2cm) in width.[2]
What's the fruiting season for tomatoes?
{ "text": [ "all seasons" ], "answer_start": [ 164 ] }
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english--3852422029212000152-0
Chief of the Air Staff (United Kingdom)
The Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) is the professional head of the Royal Air Force and a member of both the Chiefs of Staff Committee and the Air Force Board. The post was created in 1918 with Major General Sir Hugh Trenchard as the first incumbent. The current and 29th Chief of the Air Staff is Air Chief Marshal Sir Stephen Hillier, who succeeded Sir Andrew Pulford in July 2016.[2][3]
Who is the current head of the Royal Air Force?
{ "text": [ "Air Chief Marshal Sir Stephen Hillier" ], "answer_start": [ 295 ] }
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english--4331565464790593098-0
Tornado climatology
Tornadoes have been recorded on all continents except Antarctica and are most common in the middle latitudes where conditions are often favorable for convective storm development.[1] The United States has the most tornadoes of any country, as well as the strongest and most violent tornadoes. A large portion of these tornadoes form in an area of the central United States popularly known as Tornado Alley.[2] Other areas of the world that have frequent tornadoes include significant portions of Europe, South Africa, Philippines, Bangladesh, parts of Argentina, Uruguay, and southern and southeast Brazil, northern Mexico, New Zealand, and far eastern Asia.[3][4]
What country has the most tornados?
{ "text": [ "United States" ], "answer_start": [ 187 ] }
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Cougar Mountain Regional Wildland Park
Cougar Mountain Regional Wildland Park is a regional park in King County, Washington, near the towns of Bellevue and Issaquah. The park was established in June 1983 to protect the central core of Cougar Mountain, the park covers 3,115 acres (12.61km2) with 38 miles (61km) of hiking trails and 12 miles (19km) of equestrian trails.
How large is Cougar Mountain Regional Wildland Park?
{ "text": [ "3,115 acres" ], "answer_start": [ 229 ] }
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ER (TV series)
ER is an American medical drama television series created by novelist and medical doctor Michael Crichton that aired on NBC from September 19, 1994, to April 2, 2009, with a total of 331 episodes spanning over 15 seasons. It was produced by Constant c Productions and Amblin Television, in association with Warner Bros. Television. ER follows the inner life of the emergency room (ER) of fictional County General Hospital in Chicago, Illinois, and various critical issues faced by the room's physicians and staff. The show became the longest-running primetime medical drama in American television history, also became the 2nd longest medical drama across the globe (behind BBC's Casualty). It won 23 Primetime Emmy Awards, including the 1996 Outstanding Drama Series award, and received 124 Emmy nominations. ER won 116 awards in total, including the Peabody Award, while the cast earned four Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Ensemble Performance in a Drama Series.[1] As of 2014, ER has grossed over $3 billion in television revenue.[2]
When did the TV show ER first air?
{ "text": [ "September 19, 1994" ], "answer_start": [ 129 ] }
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The Great God Pan
The Great God Pan is a horror and fantasy novella by Welsh writer Arthur Machen. Machen was inspired to write The Great God Pan by his experiences at the ruins of a pagan temple in Wales. What would become the first chapter of the novella was published in the magazine The Whirlwind in 1890. Machen later extended The Great God Pan and it was published as a book alongside another story, "The Inmost Light", in 1894. The novella begins with an experiment to allow a woman named Mary to see the supernatural world. This is followed by an account of a series of mysterious happenings and deaths over many years surrounding a woman named Helen Vaughan. At the end, the heroes confront Helen and force her to kill herself. She undergoes a series of supernatural transformations before dying and she is revealed to be the child of Mary and the god Pan.
When did Machen publish The Great God Pan?
{ "text": [ "1890" ], "answer_start": [ 286 ] }
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english--8451091134349834265-0
Demobilization of United States armed forces after World War II
The Demobilization of United States armed forces after the Second World War began with the defeat of Germany in May 1945 and continued through 1946. The United States had more than 12 million men and women in the armed forces at the end of World War II of whom 7.6 million were stationed abroad.[1] The American public demanded a rapid demobilization and soldiers protested the slowness of the process. Military personnel were returned to the United States in Operation Magic Carpet. By June 30, 1947, the number of active duty soldiers, sailors, Marines, and airmen in the armed forces had been reduced to 1,566,000.
How long did American troops stay in Germany after WWII?
{ "text": [ "June 30, 1947" ], "answer_start": [ 488 ] }
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english-4251050334289006599-1
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is a historic document that was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly at its third session on10 December 1948 as Resolution 217 at the Palais de Chaillot in Paris, France. Of the then 58 members of the United Nations, 48 voted in favor, none against, eight abstained, and two did not vote.[1]
What year was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights published?
{ "text": [ "1948" ], "answer_start": [ 163 ] }
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english--1640258764646360549-0
DuckTales
DuckTales is an American animated television series, produced by Walt Disney Television Animation and distributed by Buena Vista Television. The cartoon series premiered on September 18, 1987, and ran for a total of 100 episodes over four seasons, with its final episode airing on November 28, 1990. Based upon Uncle Scrooge and other Duck universe comic books created by Carl Barks, the show follows Scrooge McDuck, his three grandnephews Huey, Dewey, and Louie, and close friends of the group, on various adventures, most of which either involve seeking out treasure or thwarting the efforts of villains seeking to steal Scrooge's fortune or his Number One Dime.
When did the cartoon DuckTales first air?
{ "text": [ "September 18, 1987" ], "answer_start": [ 173 ] }
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Extreme points of Oceania
Northernmost point – Kure Atoll, United States (28°25′N) Southernmost point – Jacquemart Island, New Zealand (52°37′S) Westernmost point – Dirk Hartog Island, Australia (112°55″E) Easternmost point – Easter Island, Chile (109°13'W) Lowest point on land – Lake Eyre, Australia: −15m (−49ft) Highest point – Puncak Jaya, Indonesia: 4,884 metres (16,024ft) Deepest sea – Challenger Deep: 10,994 metres (36,070ft)
What is the northernmost country in Oceania?
{ "text": [ "United States" ], "answer_start": [ 33 ] }
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World Wide Web
The World Wide Web, also known as the WWW and the Web, is an information space where documents and other web resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs), interlinked by hypertext links, and accessible via the Internet.[1] English scientist Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989. He wrote the first web browser in 1990 while employed at CERN near Geneva, Switzerland.[2][3] The browser was released outside CERN in 1991, first to other research institutions starting in January 1991 and to the general public on the Internet in August 1991.
When was the World Wide Web invented?
{ "text": [ "1989" ], "answer_start": [ 304 ] }
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Climate of Mecca
Mecca features a hot desert climate. Mecca retains its hot temperature in winter, which can range from 18°C (64°F) at night to 30°C (86°F) in the day. Summer temperatures are extremely hot, often being over 40°C (104°F) during the day, dropping to 30°C (86°F) at night.[1] Rain usually falls in Mecca in small amounts between November and January. The rainfall, as scant as it is, also presents the threat of flooding and has been a danger since the earliest times. According to Al-Kurdī, there had been 89 historic floods by 1965, including several in the period. In the last century the most severe one occurred in 1942. Since then, dams have been constructed to ameliorate the problem.
What is the average summer temperature in Mecca?
{ "text": [ "40°C (104°F) during the day, dropping to 30°C (86°F) at night" ], "answer_start": [ 207 ] }
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english-775112154650019494-1
Siri
Siri is a spin-off from a project originally developed by the SRI International Artificial Intelligence Center. Its speech recognition engine was provided by Nuance Communications, and Siri uses advanced machine learning technologies to function. Its original American, British, and Australian voice actors recorded their respective voices around 2005, unaware of the recordings' eventual usage in Siri. The voice assistant was released as an app for iOS in February 2010, and it was acquired by Apple two months later. Siri was then players said the game could into iPhone 4S at its release in October 2011. At that time, the separate app was also removed from the iOS App Store. Siri has since become an integral part of Apple's products, having been adapted into other hardware devices over the years, including newer iPhone models, as well as iPad, iPod Touch, Mac, AirPods, Apple TV, and HomePod.
When was Siri introduced by Apple?
{ "text": [ "February 2010" ], "answer_start": [ 458 ] }
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english--7930033319342991305-2
Satellite
On 4 October 1957 the Soviet Union launched the world's first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1. Since then, about 8,100 satellites from more than 40 countries have been launched. According to a 2018 estimate, some 4,900 remain in orbit, of those about 1,900 were operational; while the rest have lived out their useful lives and become space debris.[1] Approximately 500 operational satellites are in low-Earth orbit, 50 are in medium-Earth orbit (at 20,000km), and the rest are in geostationary orbit (at 36,000km).[2] A few large satellites have been launched in parts and assembled in orbit. Over a dozen space probes have been placed into orbit around other bodies and become artificial satellites to the Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, a few asteroids,[3] a comet and the Sun.
Who launched the first satellite?
{ "text": [ "Soviet Union" ], "answer_start": [ 22 ] }
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english--5762493823950284027-4
Discovery Channel
John Hendricks founded the channel and its parent company, Cable Educational Network Inc., in 1982.[9] Several investors (including the BBC, Allen & Company and Venture America) raised $5 million in start-up capital to launch the network.
When was the Discovery Channel introduced?
{ "text": [ "1982" ], "answer_start": [ 94 ] }
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english--5879729437435705942-0
National Labor Relations Board
The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) is an independent agency of the Federal government of the United States with responsibilities for enforcing U.S. labor law in relation to collective bargaining and unfair labor practices. Under the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 it supervises elections for labor union representation and can investigate and remedy unfair labor practices. Unfair labor practices may involve union-related situations or instances of protected concerted activity. The NLRB is governed by a five-person board and a General Counsel, all of whom are appointed by the President with the consent of the Senate. Board members are appointed to five-year terms and the General Counsel is appointed to a four-year term. The General Counsel acts as a prosecutor and the Board acts as an appellate quasi-judicial body from decisions of administrative law judges.
How many members does the National Labor Relations Board have?
{ "text": [ "five" ], "answer_start": [ 519 ] }
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english-7376440530442571980-14
St. Joseph's Church (Fall River, Massachusetts)
The church is a large and handsome structure of brick with stone trimmings, 170 feet in length, 78 feet wide and surmounted by two golden crosses. The walls are 30 feet high, while from the loftiest point of the roof to the floor the distance is 73 feet. There is a seating capacity of about a thousand. Built without galleries, it is well lighted by several large stained glass windows on the north and south sides, and its cheerfulness is one of the things for which the church is noted. The pictures on the windows are emblematic of episodes in the life of our Blessed Lord. Among the donors of the original set of windows were Mr. and Mrs. James Hayden, Cornelius L. Kelly and Family, Mrs. David Sheedy and Family, Mr. and Mrs. John Collins, In Memory of Reverend Father Bric, In Memory of Reverend Father Brady and a number of the church societies.
How tall is St. Joseph's Church in Fall River?
{ "text": [ "30 feet high" ], "answer_start": [ 162 ] }
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english--5906788898094493615-0
Institutional Revolutionary Party
The Institutional Revolutionary Party (Spanish: Partido Revolucionario Institucional, PRI) is a Mexican political party founded in 1929 that held uninterrupted power in the country for 71 years from 1929 to 2000, first as the National Revolutionary Party (Spanish: Partido Nacional Revolucionario, PNR), then as the Party of the Mexican Revolution (Spanish: Partido de la Revolución Mexicana, PRM), and finally renaming itself as the Institutional Revolutionary Party in 1946.
When was the Institutional Revolutionary Party established in Mexico?
{ "text": [ "1929" ], "answer_start": [ 132 ] }
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english--129096709331260205-0
Asbestos
Asbestos is a set of six naturally occurring silicate minerals,[1] which all have in common their asbestiform habit: i.e., long (roughly 1:20 aspect ratio), thin fibrous crystals, with each visible fiber composed of millions of microscopic "fibrils" that can be released by abrasion and other processes.[2] They are commonly known by their colors, as blue asbestos, brown asbestos, white asbestos, and green asbestos.[3]
What is asbestos made of?
{ "text": [ "six naturally occurring silicate minerals" ], "answer_start": [ 21 ] }
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english-3023104330665360216-2
Languages of Argentina
Argentina is predominantly a Spanish-speaking country — the fourth largest after Mexico, Spain, and Colombia (according to a compilation of national census figures and United Nations estimates, see List of countries with Spanish-speaking populations). Based on the 2010 national census and supporting research, there are about 40.9 million Spanish speakers in Argentina (almost the entire population).[3][4]
What language do they speak in Buenos Aires?
{ "text": [ "Spanish" ], "answer_start": [ 29 ] }
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Air conditioning
In 1820, English scientist and inventor Michael Faraday discovered that compressing and liquefying ammonia could chill air when the liquefied ammonia was allowed to evaporate. In 1842, Florida physician John Gorrie used compressor technology to create ice, which he used to cool air for his patients in his hospital in Apalachicola, Florida. He hoped to eventually use his ice-making machine to regulate the temperature of buildings. He even envisioned centralized air conditioning that could cool entire cities. Though his prototype leaked and performed irregularly, Gorrie was granted a patent in 1851 for his ice-making machine. Though his process improved the artificial production of ice, his hopes for its success vanished soon afterwards when his chief financial backer died and Gorrie did not get the money he needed to develop the machine. According to his biographer, Vivian M. Sherlock, he blamed the "Ice King", Frederic Tudor, for his failure, suspecting that Tudor had launched a smear campaign against his invention. Dr. Gorrie died impoverished in 1855, and the dream of commonplace air conditioning went away for 50 years.
Who discovered AC?
{ "text": [ "Michael Faraday" ], "answer_start": [ 40 ] }
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english-6453389528789808026-0
Royal Observer Corps
The Royal Observer Corps (ROC) was a civil defence organisation intended for the visual detection, identification, tracking and reporting of aircraft over Great Britain. It operated in the United Kingdom between 29 October 1925 and 31 December 1995, when the Corps' civilian volunteers were stood down. (ROC headquarters staff at RAF Bentley Priory stood down on 31 March 1996). Composed mainly of civilian spare-time volunteers, ROC personnel wore a Royal Air Force (RAF) style uniform and latterly came under the administrative control of RAF Strike Command and the operational control of the Home Office. Civilian volunteers were trained and administered by a small cadre of professional full-time officers under the command of the Commandant Royal Observer Corps; latterly a serving RAF Air Commodore.
When was the Royal Observer Corps established?
{ "text": [ "29 October 1925" ], "answer_start": [ 212 ] }
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english--979983300446350493-0
Caraga
Caraga, officially known as the Caraga Administrative Region[1] or simply Caraga Region and designated as Region XIII, is an administrative region in the Philippines occupying the northeastern section of the island of Mindanao. The Caraga Region was created through Republic Act No. 7901 on February 23, 1995.[1] The region comprises five provinces: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur and Dinagat Islands;[2] six cities: Bayugan, Bislig, Butuan, Cabadbaran, Surigao and Tandag; 67 municipalities and 1,311 barangays. Butuan is the regional administrative center.
Where is the Caraga Administrative Region located?
{ "text": [ "Philippines" ], "answer_start": [ 154 ] }
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english-7860606253848705553-0
Cullinan Diamond
The Cullinan Diamond is the largest gem-quality rough diamond ever found,[2] weighing 3,106.75 carats (621.35g), discovered at the Premier No. 2 mine in Cullinan, South Africa, on 26 January 1905. It was named after Thomas Cullinan, the mine's chairman.
What is the biggest diamond?
{ "text": [ "Cullinan Diamond" ], "answer_start": [ 4 ] }
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english-6000319663226074329-4
List of current champions in WWE
At the top of WWE's championship hierarchy are the WWE Universal Championship on Raw and the WWE Championship on SmackDown. The Universal Championship is held by record two-time champion Brock Lesnar, who won the vacant title by defeating Braun Strowman at Crown Jewel on November 2, 2018; previous champion Roman Reigns had to relinquish the title due to illness (leukemia). The WWE Champion is Daniel Bryan, who is in his fourth reign. He won the title on the November 13, 2018, episode of SmackDown Live by defeating AJ Styles.
Who is the WWE Champion?
{ "text": [ "Brock Lesnar" ], "answer_start": [ 187 ] }
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english-3277035445278051433-1
World Intellectual Property Organization
WIPO currently has 191 member states,[6] administers 26 international treaties,[7] and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. The current Director-General of WIPO is Francis Gurry, who took office on 1 October 2008.[8] 188 of the UN member states as well as the Cook Islands, Holy See and Niue are members of WIPO. Non-members are the states of Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, Palau, Solomon Islands and South Sudan. Palestine has permanent observer status.[9]
Who is head of the World Intellectual Property Organization?
{ "text": [ "Francis Gurry" ], "answer_start": [ 168 ] }
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english--8551482785345233959-5
Velocity
Speed describes only how fast an object is moving, whereas velocity gives both how fast it is and in which direction the object is moving.[1] If a car is said to travel at 60km/h, its speed has been specified. However, if the car is said to move at 60km/h to the north, its velocity has now been specified.
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
{ "text": [ "Speed describes only how fast an object is moving, whereas velocity gives both how fast it is and in which direction the object is moving" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
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Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan
Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (Arabic: عبد الملك ابن مروان‎ ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Marwān, 646–8 October 705) was the 5th Umayyad caliph. He was born in Medina, Hejaz.[1][3] Abd al-Malik was a well-educated man and capable ruler who was able to solve many political problems that impeded his rule. The 14th-century Arab historian and philosopher Ibn Khaldun stated that "`Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan was one of the greatest Arab and Muslim Caliphs. He followed in the footsteps of `Umar ibn al-Khattab, the Commander of the Believers, in regulating state affairs".[4]
When was ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān ibn al-Ḥakam born?
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Christian von Ehrenfels
Christian von Ehrenfels was born on 20 June 1859 in Rodaun near Vienna and grew up at his father's castle Brunn am Walde in Lower Austria. He joined secondary school in Krems and first studied at the Hochschule für Bodenkultur in Vienna and then changed to the Universität Wien.
Where was Christian von Ehrenfels born?
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Zero characters
Voiced by: Rikiya Koyama(Japanese); Matthew Mercer[1] Marianne Miller (Young Kiritsugu) (English) Kiritsugu Emiya(衛宮 切嗣,Emiya Kiritsugu) is the master of Saber and the main protagonist. Born in Fuyuki City, Kiritsugu was raised on Alimango Island, where he lived with his father, Norikata Emiya, the fourth family head of the Emiya family and a magus specializing in time magic. He became friends with Norikata's assistant, a local girl called Shirley who was four years older than him, developing a crush on her. However, disaster struck when Shirley became a vampire after drinking one of Noritaka's potions. She pled for Kiritsugu to kill her, but he fled instead. Shirley subsequently lost control and turned all the residents of Alimango Island into vampires. Their village was soon overrun by Executors from the Church and Enforcers from the Mages' Association, agents whose purpose was to destroy all the vampires and eliminate any trace of civilization and vampirism on the island respectively. Kiritsugu was the only survivor of the 'cleansing', saved by Natalia Kaminski, a freelance Enforcer who wanted information on the magus responsible. Returning to the hidden Emiya residence, Kiritsugu confronted his father on his research and Shirley's death. Realizing that his father had intended for the village to be his testing site for his research on immortality, Kiritsugu shot his father to prevent a similar tragedy from unfolding again in the future. He came under Natalia's wing and assisted her as she hunted down rogue magi. As they continued to eliminate dangerous threats to world peace and stability, Kiritsugu repeatedly eliminated the dangerous minority to save the majority. Eventually, during a mission gone awry, Kiritsugu chose to kill Natalia to prevent a worst-case scenario. It was then that he became disillusioned with the ideal of becoming a 'hero of justice', as he realized it was impossible to save one person without losing another. Around eleven years before the fourth Holy Grail War, he took on a child soldier he had rescued as his apprentice, who he eventually named Maiya Hisau, training her in much the same way Natalia trained him. Two years later, Kiritsugu was hired by the Einzbern family to be their representative in the coming conflict. Believing that the Holy Grail could grant his wish for world peace, he left behind his former work. Despite being the true Master of the Einzbern family, Kiritsugu operates mostly in the background during the conflict, ambushing other Masters while they are otherwise occupied. Saber partners with Irisviel and acts out in the open to avoid conflict between Kiritsugu and Saber, as their methodologies conflict. Over the course of the War, Kiritsugu's mask of being a heartless assassin begs to crack, as he is torn between withdrawing from the war to live in peace with his family or sacrifice them to realize his wish of world peace. During his final fight with Kirei, Kiritsugu is dragged into the Grail. Grail's true nature (shown to have been corrupted) manifests, showing that it can indeed grant wishes but only via methods that the user already knows. Kiritsugu realizes that the Grail would interpret his wish by killing off every last person on earth except for himself and his family. Steeling himself, Kiritsugu kills the illusions of his family that the Grail shows him and declares that he save the world. Upon returning to reality, he orders Saber to destroy the Grail. However, the Grail is unable to be destroyed and its corrupted nature causes a huge fire. Kiritsugu desperately looks for survivors, discovering an amnesiac boy who he names Shirō and adopts. Kiritsugu then spends months trying to retrieve his daughter Illya, but the Grail's curse robbed him of his magical abilities and physical health while Acht strictly trains Illya to become the next vessel under the impression that her father abandoned her. Years pass as Kiritsugu wastes away from the curse. As his life fades, while watching the moon with his adopted son, Kiritsugu talks about his dream to become a hero and how he hadn't been able to after becoming an adult; he believes that he had been a failure in his life. Shirō, however, ends up taking his father's dream to heart and declares that he will take up Kiritsugu's dream (setting the backstory for the Emiya family in Fate/Stay Night). Kiritsugu realizes that Shirō will not make the same mistakes that he did, and quietly passes away with contentment.
Who is the main character of Fate/Zero?
{ "text": [ "Kiritsugu Emiya" ], "answer_start": [ 98 ] }
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english--2082301375923809913-0
New France
New France (French: Nouvelle-France) was the area colonized by France in North America during a period beginning with the exploration of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence by Jacques Cartier in 1534 and ending with the cession of New France to Great Britain and Spain in 1763 under the Treaty of Paris (1763).
When did New France end?
{ "text": [ "1763" ], "answer_start": [ 263 ] }
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english--5615752212022287619-0
Henna
Henna (Arabic: حِنَّاء‎) also known as Mehndi (Hindi: मेंहदी) is a dye prepared from the plant Lawsonia inermis, also known as hina, the henna tree, the mignonette tree, and the Egyptian privet,[1] the sole species of the genus Lawsonia.
How is henna made?
{ "text": [ "prepared from the plant Lawsonia inermis" ], "answer_start": [ 71 ] }
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Publication of Darwin's theory
Darwin made attempts to open discussions about his theory with his close scientific colleagues. In January 1842 Darwin sent a tentative description of his ideas in a letter to Lyell, then prepared a "Pencil Sketch" of his theory. He worked up his "Sketch" into an "Essay" in 1844, and eventually persuaded Hooker to read a copy in January 1847. His geology books and publication of Beagle findings were completed in 1846, when he began what became eight years of research into classification of barnacle species, exploring the immense amount of variation in nature.
When was Darwin's theory first published?
{ "text": [ "1846" ], "answer_start": [ 417 ] }
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Romanian leu
The Romanian leu (Romanian pronunciation:[lew], plural lei [lej]; sign: L; ISO 4217 code: RON; numeric code: 946) is the currency of Romania. It is subdivided into 100 bani (Romanian pronunciation:[banʲ], singular: ban [ban]), a word that is also used for "money" in the Romanian language.
What currency is used in Romania?
{ "text": [ "Romanian leu" ], "answer_start": [ 4 ] }
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Kaiser Permanente
As of October 2017, Kaiser Permanente had 11.7 million health plan members, 208,975 employees, 21,275 physicians, 54,072 nurses, 39 medical centers, and 720 medical facilities.[2] As of December 31, 2017, the non-profit Kaiser Foundation Health Plan and Kaiser Foundation Hospitals entities reported a combined $3.8 billion in net income on $72.7 billion in operating revenues.[1] Each Permanente Medical Group operates as a separate for-profit partnership or professional corporation in its individual territory, and while none publicly reports its financial results, each is primarily funded by reimbursements from its respective regional Kaiser Foundation Health Plan entity. KFHP is one of the largest not-for-profit organizations in the United States.
How many people are employed by Kaiser Permanente?
{ "text": [ "208,975" ], "answer_start": [ 76 ] }
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Term of office
In the United States, the president of the United States is elected indirectly through the United States Electoral College to a four-year term, with a term limit of two terms (totaling eight years) or a maximum of ten years if the president acted as president for two years or less in a term where another was elected as president, imposed by the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1951.
How many years are in a presidential term in US?
{ "text": [ "eight years" ], "answer_start": [ 185 ] }
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Iliad
The Iliad is paired with something of a sequel, the Odyssey, also attributed to Homer. Along with the Odyssey, the Iliad is among the oldest extant works of Western literature, and its written version is usually dated to around the 8th century BC.[2] In the modern vulgate (the standard accepted version), the Iliad contains 15,693 lines; it is written in Homeric Greek, a literary amalgam of Ionic Greek and other dialects. According to Michael N. Nagler, the Iliad is a more complicated epic poem than the Odyssey.[3]
When was the Iliad first written down?
{ "text": [ "8th century BC" ], "answer_start": [ 232 ] }
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Louis Plack Hammett
Louis Plack Hammett (April 7, 1894 – February 9, 1987) was an American physical chemist. He is known for the Hammett equation, which relates reaction rates to equilibrium constants for certain classes of organic reactions involving substituted aromatic compounds. He is also known for his research into superacids and his development of a scheme for comparing their acidities based on what is now known as the Hammett acidity function. The Curtin–Hammett principle bears his name.
When did Louis Hammett die?
{ "text": [ "– February 9, 198" ], "answer_start": [ 35 ] }
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Sacramento River
The Sacramento River is the principal river of Northern California in the United States, and is the largest river in California.[9] Rising in the Klamath Mountains, the river flows south for 400 miles (640km) before reaching the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta and San Francisco Bay. The river drains about 26,500 square miles (69,000km2) in 19 California counties, mostly within the fertile agricultural region bounded by the Coast Ranges and Sierra Nevada known as the Sacramento Valley, but also extending as far as the volcanic plateaus of Northeastern California. Historically, its watershed has reached as far north as south-central Oregon where the now, primarily, endorheic (closed) Goose Lake rarely experiences southerly outflow into the Pit River, the most northerly tributary of the Sacramento.
How long is the Sacramento River?
{ "text": [ "400 miles" ], "answer_start": [ 191 ] }
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english--1188393266492101522-0
Augustus
Augustus (Latin: Imperator Caesar Divi filius Augustus;[nb 1] 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14) was a Roman statesman and military leader who was the first Emperor of the Roman Empire, controlling Imperial Rome from 27 BC until his death in AD 14.[nb 2] His status as the founder of the Roman Principate has consolidated an enduring legacy as one of the most effective and controversial leaders in human history.[1][2]
What did Augustus become Roman Emperor?
{ "text": [ "27 BC" ], "answer_start": [ 220 ] }
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english-5639108729965535684-46
Satellite television
By 1980, satellite television was well established in the USA and Europe. On 26 April 1982, the first satellite channel in the UK, Satellite Television Ltd. (later Sky1), was launched.[71] Its signals were transmitted from the ESA's Orbital Test Satellites.[71] Between 1981 and 1985, TVRO systems' sales rates increased as prices fell. Advances in receiver technology and the use of gallium arsenide FET technology enabled the use of smaller dishes. Five hundred thousand systems, some costing as little as $2000, were sold in the US in 1984.[68][72] Dishes pointing to one satellite were even cheaper.[73] People in areas without local broadcast stations or cable television service could obtain good-quality reception with no monthly fees.[68][70] The large dishes were a subject of much consternation, as many people considered them eyesores, and in the US most condominiums, neighborhoods, and other homeowner associations tightly restricted their use, except in areas where such restrictions were illegal.[3] These restrictions were altered in 1986 when the Federal Communications Commission ruled all of them illegal.[65] A municipality could require a property owner to relocate the dish if it violated other zoning restrictions, such as a setback requirement, but could not outlaw their use.[65] The necessity of these restrictions would slowly decline as the dishes got smaller.[65]
When was satellite TV introduced?
{ "text": [ "26 April 1982" ], "answer_start": [ 77 ] }
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Influenza vaccine
In 1931, viral growth in embryonated hens' eggs was reported by Ernest William Goodpasture and colleagues at Vanderbilt University. The work was extended to growth of influenza virus by several workers, including Thomas Francis, Jonas Salk, Wilson Smith and Macfarlane Burnet, leading to the first experimental influenza vaccines.[137] In the 1940s, the US military developed the first approved inactivated vaccines for influenza, which were used in the Second World War.[138] Hen's eggs continued to be used to produce virus used in influenza vaccines, but manufacturers made improvements in the purity of the virus by developing improved processes to remove egg proteins and to reduce systemic reactivity of the vaccine.[139] Recently, the US FDA approved influenza vaccines made by growing virus in cell cultures[140] and influenza vaccines made from recombinant proteins[141] have been approved, with plant-based influenza vaccines being tested in clinical trials.[142]
Who developed the flu shot?
{ "text": [ "Thomas Francis, Jonas Salk, Wilson Smith and Macfarlane Burnet" ], "answer_start": [ 213 ] }
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english-2326124970478352034-1
Telenovela
Commonly described using the American colloquialism Spanish soap opera, many telenovelas share some stylistic and thematic similarities to the soap opera familiar to the English-speaking world. The significant difference is their series run length; telenovelas tell one self-contained story, typically within the span of a year or less whereas soap operas tend to have intertwined storylines told during indefinite, continuing runs.[3][4] This makes them shorter than most other television series, but still much longer than a miniseries. This planned run results in a faster-paced, more concise style of melodrama compared to a typical soap opera.[5] Episodes of telenovelas usually last between 30 and 45 minutes, and rarely more than an hour, except for final episodes. The telenovela combines drama with the 19th-century feuilleton, and naturally evolved from the Latin American radionovela, according to Blanca de Lizaur.[6]
What is the difference between a telenovela and a soap opera?
{ "text": [ "run length" ], "answer_start": [ 237 ] }
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english--8323081305981702873-7
Demographics of Tanzania
According to the 2012 census, the total population was 44,928,923 compared to 12,313,469 in 1967,[5]:page 1 resulting in an annual growth rate of 2.9 percent. The under 15 age group represented 44.1 percent of the population, with 35.5 percent being in the 15–35 age group, 52.2 percent being in the 15–64 age group, and 3.8 percent being older than 64.[14]
What's the population of Tanzania?
{ "text": [ "44,928,923" ], "answer_start": [ 55 ] }
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english--2064173598722158670-2
Provinces of Mongolia
Mongolia is divided into 21 Provinces (Mongolian: аймаг, often translated as aimags) and one provincial municipality. Each aimag is subdivided into several districts.[1][2] The modern provinces have been established since 1921. The capital, Ulaanbaatar, is governed as an independent provincial municipality separate from Töv Province, inside which it is situated.
How many provinces are in Mongolia?
{ "text": [ "21 Provinces" ], "answer_start": [ 25 ] }
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english--8015082360492693852-21
Autobahn
Most sections of Germany's autobahns are modern, containing two or three, sometimes four lanes in addition to an emergency lane (hard shoulder). A few other sections remain in an old state, with two lanes, no emergency lane, and short slip-roads and ramps.
How many lanes does the autobahn have?
{ "text": [ "containing two or three, sometimes four lanes in addition to an emergency lane" ], "answer_start": [ 49 ] }
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english-2064642425468719857-0
Waist–hip ratio
The waist-hip ratio or waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) is the dimensionless ratio of the circumference of the waist to that of the hips. This is calculated as waist measurement divided by hip measurement (W ÷ H). For example, a person with a 30″ (76cm) waist and 38″ (97cm) hips has a waist-hip ratio of about 0.78.
What is the hip-to-waist ratio?
{ "text": [ "W ÷ H" ], "answer_start": [ 198 ] }
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english-3474044210774886197-0
Pink tax
The pink tax is a phenomenon often attributed as a form of gender-based price discrimination, with the name stemming from the observation that many of the affected products are pink.[1] Products marketed specifically toward women are generally more expensive than those marketed for men, despite either gender's choice to purchase either product. The NYC Department of Consumer Affairs conducted a study that concludes that women's products are typically more expensive than men's for often reasonable cause. There are many causes of this discrepancy, including the tampon tax, product differentiation, and the belief that women are less price elastic than men.[1][2][3][4]
What is the pink tax?
{ "text": [ "a phenomenon often attributed as a form of gender-based price discrimination" ], "answer_start": [ 16 ] }
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english--8416767869716498005-0
Roman Catholic Diocese of Fall River
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Fall River (Latin: Dioecesis Riverormensis) is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the New England region of the United States. It is led by the prelature of a bishop administering the diocese from the mother church St. Mary's Cathedral in Fall River, Massachusetts.
What denomination is St. Joseph's Church in Fall River?
{ "text": [ "Roman Catholic" ], "answer_start": [ 4 ] }
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english-2688574930229155855-2
Queer theory
Queer theory is a field of critical theory that emerged in the early 1990s out of the fields of queer studies and women's studies. Queer theory includes both queer readings of texts and the theorization of 'queerness' itself. Heavily influenced by the work of Lauren Berlant, Leo Bersani, Judith Butler, Lee Edelman, Jack Halberstam,[1] and Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, queer theory builds both upon feminist challenges to the idea that gender is part of the essential self and upon gay/lesbian studies' close examination of the socially constructed nature of sexual acts and identities. Whereas gay/lesbian studies focused its inquiries into natural and unnatural behavior with respect to homosexual behavior, queer theory expands its focus to encompass any kind of sexual activity or identity that falls into normative and deviant categories. Italian feminist and film theorist Teresa de Lauretis coined the term queer theory for a conference she organized at the University of California, Santa Cruz in 1990 and a special issue of Differences: A Journal of Feminist Cultural Studies she edited based on that conference.
Who first theorized Queer theory?
{ "text": [ "Teresa de Lauretis" ], "answer_start": [ 875 ] }
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Masashi Kishimoto
Masashi Kishimoto(岸本 斉史,Kishimoto Masashi, born November 8, 1974[1]) is a Japanese manga artist, well known for creating the manga series Naruto which was in serialization from 1999 to 2014. As of October 2015, Naruto manga has sold over 220 million copies worldwide.[2] The series has been adapted into two anime and multiple films, video games, and related media. Besides the Naruto manga, Kishimoto also personally supervised the two canonical anime films, The Last: Naruto the Movie and Boruto: Naruto the Movie, and has written several one-shot stories.
Who created Naruto?
{ "text": [ "Masashi Kishimoto" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
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Stephen Tomašević of Bosnia
Stephen Tomašević or Stephen II (Serbo-Croatian: Stjepan/Stefan Tomašević, Стјепан/Стефан Томашевић; died on 25 May 1463) was the last sovereign from the Bosnian Kotromanić dynasty, reigning as Despot of Serbia briefly in 1459 and as King of Bosnia from 1461 until 1463.
Who was the last King of Bosnia?
{ "text": [ "Stephen Tomašević or Stephen II" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
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english--942827082784994750-4
Climate of Adelaide
Hottest temperature: 46.6°C (115.9°F), 24 January 2019 [9] [nb 1] Coldest temperature: −0.4°C (31.3°F), 8 June 1982 Hottest Minimum: 33.9°C (93.0°F), 29 January 2009 Coldest Maximum: 8.3°C (46.9°F), 29 June 1922 Wettest month: 217.9mm (8.58in), June 1916 Wettest 24 hours: 141.5mm (5.57in), 7 February 1925
What is the hottest day on record in Adelaide?
{ "text": [ "24 January 2019" ], "answer_start": [ 39 ] }
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english-1734125628411553669-1
Buffy the Vampire Slayer
The series premiered on March 10, 1997, on The WB and concluded on May 20, 2003, on UPN. The series narrative follows Buffy Summers (played by Sarah Michelle Gellar), the latest in a line of young women known as "Vampire Slayers", or simply "Slayers". In the story, Slayers or the 'Chosen Ones' are "called" (chosen by fate) to battle against vampires, demons, and other forces of darkness. Being a young woman, Buffy wants to live a normal life, but as the series progresses, she learns to embrace her destiny. Like previous Slayers, Buffy is aided by a Watcher, who guides, teaches, and trains her. Unlike her predecessors, Buffy surrounds herself with a circle of loyal friends who become known as the "Scooby Gang".
When was Buffy the Vampire Slayer aired?
{ "text": [ "March 10, 1997" ], "answer_start": [ 24 ] }
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english--2815362397953265705-0
Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. State Energy Resources Conservation & Development Commission
In Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. State Energy Resources Conservation & Development Commission, 461 U.S. 190 (1983),[1] the United States Supreme Court held that a state statute regulating economic aspects of nuclear generating plants was not preempted by the federal Atomic Energy Act of 1954. The case provides a framework that has guided other cases involving preemption of federal authority.
When did the case Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. State Energy Resources Conservation & Development Commission go to the Supreme Court?
{ "text": [ "1983" ], "answer_start": [ 109 ] }
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english--1280312487563607339-2
New York Philharmonic
The New York Philharmonic was founded in 1842 by the American conductor Ureli Corelli Hill, with the aid of the Irish composer William Vincent Wallace. The orchestra was then called the Philharmonic Society of New York.[9][10] It was the third Philharmonic on American soil since 1799,[11] and had as its intended purpose, "the advancement of instrumental music." The first concert of the Philharmonic Society took place on December 7, 1842 in the Apollo Rooms on lower Broadway before an audience of 600. The concert opened with Beethoven's Symphony No. 5, led by Hill himself. Two other conductors, German-born Henry Christian Timm and French-born Denis Etienne, led parts of the eclectic, three-hour program, which included chamber music and several operatic selections with a leading singer of the day, as was the custom. The musicians operated as a cooperative society, deciding by a majority vote such issues as who would become a member, which music would be performed and who among them would conduct. At the end of the season, the players would divide any proceeds among themselves.
Who was the first conductor of the New York Philharmonic?
{ "text": [ "Ureli Corelli Hill" ], "answer_start": [ 72 ] }
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Lateran Treaty
The Lateran Treaty (Italian: Patti Lateranensi; Latin: Pacta Lateranensia) was one of the Lateran Pacts of 1929 or Lateran Accords, agreements made in 1929 between the Kingdom of Italy and the Holy See, settling the "Roman Question". They are named after the Lateran Palace, where they were signed on 11 February 1929. The Italian parliament ratified them on 7 June 1929. It recognized Vatican City as an independent state, with the Italian government, at the time led by Benito Mussolini as prime minister, agreeing to give the Roman Catholic Church financial compensation for the loss of the Papal States.[1] In 1947, the Lateran Treaty was recognized in the Constitution of Italy[2] as regulating the relations between the state and the Catholic Church.
When was the Lateran Treaty?
{ "text": [ "1929" ], "answer_start": [ 151 ] }
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Vandals
After the Visigoths invaded Iberia in 418, the Iranian Alans and Silingi Vandals voluntarily subjected themselves to the rule of Hasdingian leader Gunderic, who was pushed from Gallaecia to Baetica by a Roman-Suebi coalition in 419. In 429, under king Genseric (reigned 428–477), the Vandals entered North Africa. By 439 they established a kingdom which included the Roman province of Africa as well as Sicily, Corsica, Sardinia, Malta and the Balearic Islands. They fended off several Roman attempts to recapture the African province, and sacked the city of Rome in 455. Their kingdom collapsed in the Vandalic War of 533–4, in which Emperor Justinian I's forces reconquered the province for the Eastern Roman Empire.
When did the Vandal War end?
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Meyer lemon
Citrus × meyeri, the Meyer lemon, is a hybrid citrus fruit native to China. It is a cross between a citron and a mandarin/pomelo hybrid distinct from the common or bitter oranges.[1]
Where is the Meyer lemon from?
{ "text": [ "China" ], "answer_start": [ 69 ] }
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Fontamara
It is Silone's first novel and is regarded as his most famous work. It received worldwide acclaim and sold more than a million and a half copies in twenty-seven languages.[2] It was first published as a German translation in Zurich, Switzerland in 1933[3] and was published in English by Penguin Books in September 1934.[4] Fontamara is derived from the Italian 'Fonte Amara' (Bitter Stream),[5] which Victor Wolfson used as the title for his 1936 stage adaptation of the book, presented in New York at the Civic Repertory Theatre.[6][7] The novel was also adapted for cinema by director Carlo Lizzani and the film Fontamara was released in 1977.[8][9] Appearing on the eve of the Spanish Civil War, and published just a few months after Hitler came to power, when the world was beginning to take sides for or against fascism, the novel had a galvanising effect on public opinion.[2] Fontamara 'became the very symbol of resistance'[6] and ‘is widely agreed to have played a major role as a document of anti-Fascist propaganda outside Italy in the late 1930s’[10] as it criticises the deceitful and immoral nature of the Fascist party and its followers.
When was Fontamara first translated to English?
{ "text": [ "September 1934" ], "answer_start": [ 305 ] }
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History of the Jews in the Roman Empire
The history of the Jews in the Roman Empire traces the interaction of Jews and Romans during the period of the Roman Empire (27 BC – AD 476). Their cultures began to overlap in the centuries just before the Christian Era. Jews, as part of the Jewish diaspora, migrated to Rome and Roman Europe from the Land of Israel, Asia Minor, Babylon and Alexandria in response to economic hardship and incessant warfare over the land of Israel between the Ptolemaic and Seleucid empires. In Rome, Jewish communities enjoyed privileges and thrived economically, becoming a significant part of the Empire's population (perhaps as much as ten percent).[1]
When did the Romans conquer Jerusalem?
{ "text": [ "27 BC – AD 476" ], "answer_start": [ 125 ] }
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2015 Vuelta a España
The 2015 Vuelta a España was a three-week Grand Tour cycling race. The race was the 70th edition of the Vuelta a España and took place principally in Spain, although two stages took place partly or wholly in Andorra, and was the 22nd race in the 2015 UCI World Tour. The 3,358.1-kilometre (2,086.6mi) race included 21 stages, beginning in Marbella on 22 August 2015 and finishing in Madrid on 13 September. It was won by Fabio Aru (Astana Pro Team), with Joaquim Rodríguez (Team Katusha) second and Rafał Majka (Tinkoff–Saxo) third.
Who won the 2015 Vuelta a España?
{ "text": [ "Fabio Aru (Astana Pro Team)" ], "answer_start": [ 421 ] }
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Mastering the Art of French Cooking
Mastering the Art of French Cooking is a two-volume French cookbook written by Simone Beck and Louisette Bertholle, both of France, and Julia Child of the United States.[1] The book was written for the American market and published by Knopf in 1961 (Volume 1) and 1970 (Volume 2). The success of Volume 1 resulted in Julia Child being given her own television show, The French Chef, one of the first cooking programs on American television. Historian David Strauss argues that the publication of Mastering the Art of French Cooking, "did more than any other event in the last half century to reshape the gourmet dining scene."[2]
When did Julia Child write her book Mastering the Art of French Cooking?
{ "text": [ "1961" ], "answer_start": [ 244 ] }
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english-27271426926916284-1
Francis Sheehy-Skeffington
Francis Sheehy Skeffington was born in Bailieborough, County Cavan, the only son of Joseph Skeffington, a school inspector, and Rose Magorian of County Down. His parents had been married at the Roman Catholic Chapel at Ballykinlar, Co. Down in 1869. Francis was educated initially at home by his father, and later at the Jesuit community in St Stephen's Green, Dublin.
Where in Ireland was Skeffington born?
{ "text": [ "Bailieborough, County Cavan" ], "answer_start": [ 39 ] }
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english-7238291844612579653-4
Thermostat
A thermostat exerts control by switching heating or cooling devices on or off, or by regulating the flow of a heat transfer fluid as needed, to maintain the correct temperature. A thermostat can often be the main control unit for a heating or cooling system, in applications ranging from ambient air control, to such as automotive coolant control. Thermostats are used in any device or system that heats or cools to a setpoint temperature, examples include building heating, central heating, air conditioners, as well as kitchen equipment including ovens and refrigerators and medical and scientific incubators.
How do thermostats work?
{ "text": [ "exerts control by switching heating or cooling devices on or off, or by regulating the flow of a heat transfer fluid as needed, to maintain the correct temperature" ], "answer_start": [ 13 ] }
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english-8827232236222928264-0
John Part
John Part (born June 29, 1966) is a Canadian professional darts player and commentator, nicknamed Darth Maple. Part is a three-times World Champion, having won the 1994 BDO World Darts Championship, and the PDC World Championship in 2003 and 2008. He is statistically North America's greatest darts player to date.[2] He has the distinction of being the first non-UK player to win the World Championship, and the only non-European to date to win the PDC World Darts Championship. His first Championship was the second time a non-seeded player won the BDO World Darts Championship, and one of the few times where a player only lost one set in the entire tournament. His nine year gap between his first and second World Championships is tied with Ted Hankey for the longest gap between World Championships, and his third triumph in 2008 saw him become the first player in history to win a world title in three different venues, and the first to win at the Alexandra Palace. His 2008 win saw him join Phil Taylor, Eric Bristow, Raymond van Barneveld and John Lowe as the only players with three or more World Championships, and become only the second player (after Taylor) to win multiple PDC titles. His eleven televised PDC finals is tied with Dennis Priestley for the eighth most all time, and his £874,151 in prize money to date is the sixteenth highest amount in PDC history.
How old is John Part?
{ "text": [ "born June 29, 1966" ], "answer_start": [ 11 ] }
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english--7671421809606739911-35
Battle of Kyongju
While this action was in progress near Yonil Airfield, the week-long battle for Hill 300 north of Kyongju came to an end. A regiment of the ROK 3rd Division captured the hill on September 11. In midafternoon the 3rd Battalion, US 19th Infantry, relieved the South Korean troops there. Scattered over Hill 300 lay 257 counted North Korean dead and great quantities of abandoned equipment and weapons, some of it American. In this fighting for Hill 300, the US 3rd Battalion, 19th Infantry, 37 men killed.[40]
How many people died during The Battle of Kyongju?
{ "text": [ "37" ], "answer_start": [ 489 ] }
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english--8910437972365854011-6
Sara Shepard
Pretty Little Liars Pretty Little Liars (2006) (ISBN978-0-06-088730-8) Flawless (2007) (ISBN978-0-06-088733-9) Perfect (2007) (ISBN978-0-06-088736-0) Unbelievable (2008) (ISBN978-0-06-088739-1) Wicked (2008) (ISBN978-0-06-156607-3) Killer (2009) (ISBN978-0-06-156611-0) Heartless (2010) (ISBN978-0-06-156614-1) Wanted (2010) (ISBN978-0-06-156617-2) Twisted (2011) (ISBN978-0-06-208101-8) Ruthless (2011) (ISBN978-0-06-208186-5) Stunning (2012) (ISBN978-0-06-208189-6) Burned (2012) (ISBN978-0-06-208192-6) Crushed (2013) (ISBN978-0-06-219971-3) Deadly (2013) (ISBN978-0-06-219974-4) Toxic (2014) (ISBN978-0-06-228701-4) Vicious (2014) (ISBN978-0-06-228704-5) Companion novels Alison's Pretty Little Diary (2010) (ISBN978-0-06-223336-3) Pretty Little Secrets (2012) (ISBN978-0-06-212591-0) Ali's Pretty Little Lies (2013) (ISBN978-0-06-223336-3) Pretty Little Love (2017) Pretty Little Lost (2017) The Lying Game The Lying Game (2010) (ISBN978-0061869716) Never Have I Ever (2011) Two Truths and a Lie (2012) Hide and Seek (2012) Cross My Heart, Hope to Die (2013) Seven Minutes in Heaven (2013) Companion novels The First Lie (2012) True Lies (2013) The Heiresses The Heiresses (2014) (ISBN978-0-06-225953-0) The Perfectionists The Perfectionists (2014) (ISBN978-0-06-207450-8) The Good Girls (2015) (ISBN978-0-06-207453-9) The Amateurs The Amateurs (2016) (ISBN978-1-48-474227-3) Follow Me (2017) (ISBN978-1-48-474228-0) Last Seen (2018) (ISBN978-1484742273) Adult fiction The Visibles (May 5, 2009) (ISBN978-1416597407) Everything We Ever Wanted (October 10, 2011) (ISBN978-0062080066) The Elizas (April 17, 2018) (ISBN978-1501162770)
What was the first book written by Sara Shepard?
{ "text": [ "Pretty Little Liars" ], "answer_start": [ 21 ] }
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english-1716900968004819065-7
Goldfish
As of April 2008, the largest goldfish in the world was believed by the BBC to measure 19 inches (48cm), and be living in the Netherlands.[12] At the time, a goldfish named "Goldie", kept as a pet in a tank in Folkestone, England, was measured as 15 inches (38cm) and over 2 pounds (0.91kg), and named as the second largest in the world behind the Netherlands fish.[12] The secretary of the Federation of British Aquatic Societies (FBAS) stated of Goldie's size that "I would think there are probably a few bigger goldfish that people don't think of as record holders, perhaps in ornamental lakes".[12] In July 2010, a goldfish measuring 16 inches (41cm) and 5 pounds (2.3kg) was caught in a pond in Poole, England, thought to have been abandoned there after outgrowing a tank.[13]
What is the largest pet goldfish ever recorded?
{ "text": [ "\"Goldie\"" ], "answer_start": [ 173 ] }
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english--998904934957193138-3
Septic tank
A septic tank consists of one or more concrete or plastic tanks of between 4000 and 7500 liters (1,000 and 2,000 gallons); one end is connected to an inlet wastewater pipe and the other to a septic drain field. Generally these pipe connections are made with a T pipe, allowing liquid to enter and exit without disturbing any crust on the surface. Today, the design of the tank usually incorporates two chambers, each equipped with a manhole cover, and separated by a dividing wall with openings located about midway between the floor and roof of the tank.
Where are septic tanks normally built?
{ "text": [ "one end is connected to an inlet wastewater pipe and the other to a septic drain field" ], "answer_start": [ 123 ] }
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Hohenzollern Castle
Hohenzollern Castle (German: Burg Hohenzollern) is the ancestral seat of the imperial House of Hohenzollern.[lower-alpha 1] The third of three hilltop castles on the site, it is located atop Mount Hohenzollern, above and south of Hechingen, on the edge of the Swabian Jura of central Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
Where is Hohenzollern Castle?
{ "text": [ "atop Mount Hohenzollern, above and south of Hechingen, on the edge of the Swabian Jura of central Baden-Württemberg, Germany" ], "answer_start": [ 186 ] }
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Gona Barracks
Gona Barracks is a heritage-listed barracks at 3, 7,12, 25 & 26 Gona Parade, Kelvin Grove, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built from c.1914 to 1960s. It is also known as Kelvin Grove Military Reserve and Kelvin Grove Training Area. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 7 February 2005.[1]
When was Gona Barracks built?
{ "text": [ "c.1914 to 1960s" ], "answer_start": [ 150 ] }
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2018 Rugby World Cup Sevens
The 2018 Rugby World Cup Sevens was the seventh edition of the Rugby World Cup Sevens. Organised by World Rugby, it was held at AT&T Park in San Francisco, United States. A total of 84 matches (52 men's and 32 women's) were played over three days from July 20–22, 2018 with both tournaments being played for the first time in a knock-out only format.[1] New Zealand won the championship for both events — defeating England in the men's final and France in the women's final.
What was the world champion rugby team in 2018?
{ "text": [ "New Zealand" ], "answer_start": [ 355 ] }
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english-6937369565116639401-1
Ultra high frequency
Ultra high frequency (UHF) is the ITU designation for radio frequencies in the range between 300megahertz (MHz) and 3gigahertz (GHz), also known as the decimetre band as the wavelengths range from one meter to one tenth of a meter (one decimeter). Radio waves with frequencies above the UHF band fall into the super-high frequency (SHF) or microwave frequency range. Lower frequency signals fall into the VHF (very high frequency) or lower bands. UHF radio waves propagate mainly by line of sight; they are blocked by hills and large buildings although the transmission through building walls is strong enough for indoor reception. They are used for television broadcasting, cell phones, satellite communication including GPS, personal radio services including Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, walkie-talkies, cordless phones, and numerous other applications.
What does VHF stand for in VHF-band radar?
{ "text": [ "very high frequency" ], "answer_start": [ 410 ] }
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english-2121814366668667319-0
List of lakes by area
This is a list of terrestrial lakes with a surface area of more than approximately 2,000 square kilometres (800sqmi), ranked by area.[1][2][3] This list does not include reservoirs and lagoons.
What is the surface area of the Caspian Sea?
{ "text": [ "2,000 square kilometres" ], "answer_start": [ 83 ] }
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english-4148140649365899356-3
Tic
Motor tics are movement-based tics affecting discrete muscle groups.
What is a motor tic?
{ "text": [ "Motor tics are movement-based tics affecting discrete muscle groups" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
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History of Sardinia
In the Early Middle Ages, through barbarian movements, the waning of the Byzantine Empire influence in the western Mediterranean and the Saracen raids, the island fell out of the sphere of influence of any higher government. This led to the birth of four kingdoms called Judicates (Latin: Judicati; Sardinian: Judicados) in the 8th through 10th centuries. Falling under papal influence, Sardinia became the focus of the rivalry of Genoa and Pisa, the Judicates and the Crown of Aragon, which eventually subsumed the island as the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1324. The Kingdom was to last until 1718, when it was ceded to the Piedmontese House of Savoy; later, in 1861, it would thus become the Kingdom of Italy and finally in 1946 the Italian Republic.
When did Sardinia become part of Italy?
{ "text": [ "1861" ], "answer_start": [ 658 ] }
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DreamHack Open Cluj-Napoca 2015
DreamHack Open Cluj-Napoca 2015 was the seventh Counter-Strike: Global Offensive Major Championship that was held from October 28–November 1, 2015 at the Sala Polivalentă in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. It was organized by DreamHack with help from Valve Corporation and the Professional Gamers League. The tournament had a total prize pool of $250,000 USD.
Where was the DreamHack Open Cluj-Napoca 2015 held?
{ "text": [ "Sala Polivalentă in Cluj-Napoca, Romania" ], "answer_start": [ 154 ] }
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Peace Corps
The program was established by Executive Order 10924, issued by President John F. Kennedy on March 1, 1961 and authorized by Congress on September 21, 1961 with passage of the Peace Corps Act (Pub.L. 87–293). The act declares the program's purpose as follows:
When was the Peace Corps founded?
{ "text": [ "March 1, 1961" ], "answer_start": [ 93 ] }
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english--5679341648933166793-0
Minority languages of Kosovo
Since the 1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia, the Albanian language has become the dominant language in Kosovo[lower-alpha 1], although equal status is given to Serbian and special status is given to other minority languages.[1] The legislative framework for the protection and promotion of minority languages follows the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities and the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, even though the country is not a member of the Council of Europe.[1] However, a lack of political will to enforce the law by Kosovo's institutions and the continued separation of Serb and Albanian communities impede the actual enjoyment of minority language rights.[1][2]
What is the dominate language in Pristina?
{ "text": [ "Albanian" ], "answer_start": [ 47 ] }
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english--4459731775182443269-1
History of anthropology
History of anthropology in this article refers primarily to the 18th- and 19th-century precursors of modern anthropology. The term anthropology itself, innovated as a New Latin scientific word during the Renaissance, has always meant "the study (or science) of man". The topics to be included and the terminology have varied historically. At present they are more elaborate than they were during the development of anthropology. For a presentation of modern social and cultural anthropology as they have developed in Britain, France, and North America since approximately 1900, see the relevant sections under Anthropology.
When was the term anthropology first used?
{ "text": [ "during the Renaissance" ], "answer_start": [ 193 ] }
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Tylenol (brand)
The brand was introduced in 1955 by McNeil Laboratories, a family owned pharmaceutical manufacturer. Two brothers took over the company from their father that year, and that year one of them learned about paracetamol, which was not on the US market at that time. To avoid competing with aspirin, they marketed it as a product to reduce fever in children, packaging it like a red fire truck with the slogan, "for little hotheads". The name "Tylenol" and the generic name "acetaminophen" were generated by McNeil from the chemical name of the drug. Johnson & Johnson bought McNeil in 1959, and one year later the drug was made available over the counter.[7]
When was Tylenol introduced?
{ "text": [ "1955" ], "answer_start": [ 28 ] }
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english-7765696571011472575-0
Emmanouel Pappas
Emmanouel Pappas (Greek: Εμμανουήλ Παππάς; 1772–1821) was a prominent member of Filiki Eteria and leader of the Greek War of Independence in Macedonia.
What is Emmanouil Pappas known for?
{ "text": [ "leader of the Greek War of Independence in Macedonia" ], "answer_start": [ 98 ] }
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english--4521949971688164383-0
Angel Oak
Angel Oak is a Southern live oak (Quercus virginiana) located in Angel Oak Park on Johns Island near Charleston, South Carolina. The tree is estimated to be 400-500 years old.[1] It stands 66.5ft (20 m) tall, measures 28ft (8.5 m) in circumference, and produces shade that covers 17,200 square feet (1,600 m2). Its longest branch distance is 187ft[2] in length. Angel Oak was the 210th tree to be registered with the Live Oak Society.[3][4][5]
Who old is the Angel Oak in South Carolina?
{ "text": [ "400-500" ], "answer_start": [ 157 ] }
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english--1993241965988070082-0
Role of the United States in the Vietnam War
The role of the United States in the Vietnam War began after World War II and escalated into full commitment during the Vietnam War from 1955 to 1973. The U.S. involvement in South Vietnam stemmed from 20 long years of political and economic action. These had the common incentive of ending the growing communist domination in Vietnam. At the time, French forces, allies of the U.S., were backed by America — President Harry S. Truman provided progressively increasing amounts of financial and military assistance to French forces fighting in Vietnam. From the spring of 1950, their involvement increased from just assisting French troops to providing direct military assistance to the associated states (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia). Eventually, U.S. missions were carried out at a more constant rate by sending out increasing number of military assistance from the United States. Their main intent was to restrict the Communist domination that was present in the government of Vietnam as it would soon lead to a chain of neighbouring countries adopting the same. This would have resulted in a change in balance of power throughout Southeast Asia. The U.S. foreign policy establishment saw national security interests being disturbed due to the rise of this communist expansion and strived to take any measure to end it. Their actions came to be questioned by other segments of government and society, however, including the US congress.[1].
When did the United States officially pull out of Vietnam?
{ "text": [ "1973" ], "answer_start": [ 146 ] }
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english--239966012247908509-1
John Travolta filmography
Travolta first became well known in the 1970s, after appearing on the television series Welcome Back, Kotter (1975–1979) and starring in the box office successes Saturday Night Fever and Grease. Although his acting career declined through the 1980s, Travolta also enjoyed a resurgence in the 1990s with his role in Quentin Tarantino's Pulp Fiction, and he has since starred in films such as Face/Off, Swordfish, Wild Hogs, and Hairspray.
What was the first movie John Travolta starred in?
{ "text": [ "Saturday Night Fever" ], "answer_start": [ 162 ] }
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english-4671226392327332088-1
Carbohydrate
The term is most common in biochemistry, where it is a synonym of 'saccharide', a group that includes sugars, starch, and cellulose. The saccharides are divided into four chemical groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. Monosaccharides and disaccharides, the smallest (lower molecular weight) carbohydrates, are commonly referred to as sugars.[3] The word saccharide comes from the Greek word σάκχαρον (sákkharon), meaning "sugar".[4] While the scientific nomenclature of carbohydrates is complex, the names of the monosaccharides and disaccharides very often end in the suffix -ose, as in the monosaccharides fructose (fruit sugar) and glucose (starch sugar) and the disaccharides sucrose (cane or beet sugar) and lactose (milk sugar).
What is the most common carbohydrate?
{ "text": [ "sugars, starch, and cellulose" ], "answer_start": [ 102 ] }
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english--4022835748661203477-7
Epic of Gilgamesh
The Epic of Gilgamesh was discovered by Austen Henry Layard, Hormuzd Rassam, and W. K. Loftus in 1853.[12] The central character of Gilgamesh was initially reintroduced to the world as "Izdubar", before the cuneiform logographs in his name could be pronounced accurately. The first modern translation was published in the early 1870s by George Smith.[13] Smith then made further discoveries of texts on his later expeditions, which culminated in his final translation which is given in his book The Chaldaean Account of Genesis (1880).
When was the Epic of Gilgamesh discovered?
{ "text": [ "1853" ], "answer_start": [ 97 ] }
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english--2284165020361044014-0
Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling
Chō Sentō Puroresu FMW is a Japanese professional wrestling promotion founded on July 28, 1989, by Atsushi Onita as Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling (FMW). The promotion specializes in hardcore wrestling involving weapons such as barbed wire and fire. They held their first show on October 6, 1989. In the late 1990s, FMW had a brief working agreement with Extreme Championship Wrestling, and as well had 14 DVDs released in the U.S. by Tokyopop. On March 4, 2015, FMW was resurrected under the name Chō Sentō Puroresu FMW.
When was Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling established?
{ "text": [ "July 28, 1989" ], "answer_start": [ 81 ] }
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english-6121885661914544783-0
St James' Anglican Church, Morpeth
St James' Anglican Church is a heritage-listed Anglican church precinct at 19 Tank Street, Morpeth, City of Maitland, New South Wales, Australia. The original design has been attributed to Edward Charles Close, with later additions by Edmund Blacket and John Horbury Hunt and built from 1837 to 1875 by E.C. Close and James Sherwood. The precinct also includes the St. James' rectory and parish hall (formerly schoolhouse). The property is vested in the Trustees of Church Property for the Diocese of Newcastle.[1]It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 27 January 2017.[1]
When did St. James' Anglican Church in Morpeth become a heritage-listed site?
{ "text": [ "27 January 2017" ], "answer_start": [ 577 ] }
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english-5697278792261708497-0
Self-enhancement
Self-enhancement is a type of motivation that works to make people feel good about themselves and to maintain self-esteem.[1] This motive becomes especially prominent in situations of threat, failure or blows to one's self-esteem.[2][3][4] Self-enhancement involves a preference for positive over negative self-views.[5] It is one of the four self-evaluation motives along with self-assessment (the drive for an accurate self-concept), self-verification (the drive for a self-concept congruent with one's identity) and self-improvement (the act of bettering one's self-concept). Self-evaluation motives drive the process of self-regulation, that is, how people control and direct their own actions.
What are some ways to keep yourself motivated?
{ "text": [ "Self-enhancement" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
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Demographics of Israel
The demographics of Israel are monitored by the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. The State of Israel has a population of approximately 8,855,000 inhabitants as of the first half of 2018.[3] Some 74.5% are Jews of all backgrounds (about 6,556,000 individuals), 20.9% are Arab of any religion other than Jewish (about 1,837,000 individuals), while the remaining 4.6% (about 400,000 individuals) are defined as "others", including persons of Jewish ancestry deemed non-Jewish by religious law and persons of non-Jewish ancestry who are family members of Jewish immigrants (neither of which are registered at the Ministry of Interior as Jews), Christian non-Arabs, Muslim non-Arabs and all other residents who have neither an ethnic nor religious classification.
How many people live in Israel?
{ "text": [ "approximately 8,855,000" ], "answer_start": [ 125 ] }
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english--844746597397631478-1
Albert Ludwig Sigesmund Neisser
Neisser was born in the Silesian town of Schweidnitz (now Świdnica, in Poland), the son of a well-known Jewish physician, Dr. Moritz Neisser. After he completed the elementary school in Münsterberg, Neisser enrolled in the St. Maria Magdalena School in Breslau (now Wrocław, in Poland). In this school, he was a contemporary of another great name in the history of medicine, Paul Ehrlich. He obtained the Abitur in 1872.
Where was Albert Neisser born?
{ "text": [ "town of Schweidnitz (now Świdnica, in Poland)" ], "answer_start": [ 33 ] }
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english--8668071656246841600-4
Languages of the European Union
The most widely spoken language in the EU is English, which is understood by 51% of all adults, while German is the most widely used mother tongue, spoken by 18%. All 24 official languages of the EU are accepted as working languages, but in practice only two – English and French – are in wide general use and of these English[10][11][12][13] is the more commonly used. French is an official language in all three of the cities that are political centres of the Union: Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France) and Luxembourg City (Luxembourg).
What is the most used language in Europe?
{ "text": [ "English" ], "answer_start": [ 45 ] }
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english--5356456330882419327-4
Gary Johnson 2016 presidential campaign
Johnson and Weld form the first ticket of any party to feature two governors since the 1948 presidential election.[2] They received nearly 4.5 million votes nationally, dwarfing Johnson's 2012 popular vote total and marking the Libertarians' most successful presidential run to date and the most successful third-party candidacy since Ross Perot in 1996.
How many votes did Gary Johnson win in the 2012 presidential election?
{ "text": [ "nearly 4.5 million" ], "answer_start": [ 132 ] }
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english-7826714017136283750-1
Roman Republic
The Roman Republic (Latin: Rēs pūblica Rōmāna, Classical Latin:[ˈreːs ˈpuːb.lɪ.ka roːˈmaː.na]; Italian: Repubblica romana) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire. It was during this period that Rome's control expanded from the city's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world.
When was the Roman Republic formed?
{ "text": [ "509 BC" ], "answer_start": [ 241 ] }
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