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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
So in terms of, so if you think of a Boston Dynamics
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
human or robot being sort of with a broom
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
being pushed around, it starts pushing
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
on a consciousness question.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
So let me ask, do you think an AGI system
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
like a few neuroscientists believe
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
needs to have a physical embodiment?
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Needs to have a body or something like a body?
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
No, I don't think so.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
You mean to have a conscious experience?
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
To have consciousness.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
I do think it helps a lot to have a physical embodiment
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
to learn the kind of things about the world
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
that are important to us humans, for sure.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
But I don't think the physical embodiment
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
is necessary after you've learned it
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
to just have the experience.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Think about when you're dreaming, right?
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Your eyes are closed.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
You're not getting any sensory input.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
You're not behaving or moving in any way
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
but there's still an experience there, right?
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
And so clearly the experience that you have
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
when you see something cool in your dreams
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
isn't coming from your eyes.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
It's just the information processing itself in your brain
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
which is that experience, right?
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
But if I put it another way, I'll say
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
because it comes from neuroscience
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
is the reason you want to have a body and a physical
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
something like a physical, you know, a physical system
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
is because you want to be able to preserve something.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
In order to have a self, you could argue,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
would you need to have some kind of embodiment of self
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
to want to preserve?
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Well, now we're getting a little bit anthropomorphic
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
into anthropomorphizing things.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Maybe talking about self preservation instincts.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
I mean, we are evolved organisms, right?
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
So Darwinian evolution endowed us
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
and other evolved organism with a self preservation instinct
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
because those that didn't have those self preservation genes
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
We can now, I think, quite convincingly answer
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
that question of no, it's enough to have just one kind.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
If you look under the hood of AlphaZero,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
there's only one kind of neuron
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
and it's ridiculously simple mathematical thing.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
So it's just like in physics,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
it's not, if you have a gas with waves in it,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
it's not the detailed nature of the molecule that matter,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
it's the collective behavior somehow.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Similarly, it's this higher level structure
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
of the network that matters,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
not that you have 20 kinds of neurons.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
I think our brain is such a complicated mess
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
because it wasn't evolved just to be intelligent,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
it was involved to also be self assembling
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
and self repairing, right?
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
And evolutionarily attainable.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
And so on and so on.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
So I think it's pretty,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
my hunch is that we're going to understand
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
how to build AGI before we fully understand
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
how our brains work, just like we understood
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
how to build flying machines long before
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
we were able to build a mechanical bird.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Yeah, that's right.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
You've given the example exactly of mechanical birds
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
and airplanes and airplanes do a pretty good job
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
of flying without really mimicking bird flight.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
And even now after 100 years later,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
did you see the Ted talk with this German mechanical bird?
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
I heard you mention it.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Check it out, it's amazing.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
But even after that, right,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
we still don't fly in mechanical birds
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
because it turned out the way we came up with was simpler
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
and it's better for our purposes.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
And I think it might be the same there.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
That's one lesson.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
And another lesson, it's more what our paper was about.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
First, as a physicist thought it was fascinating
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
how there's a very close mathematical relationship
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
actually between our artificial neural networks
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
and a lot of things that we've studied for in physics
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
go by nerdy names like the renormalization group equation
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
and Hamiltonians and yada, yada, yada.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
And when you look a little more closely at this,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
you have,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
at first I was like, well, there's something crazy here
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
that doesn't make sense.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Because we know that if you even want to build
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
a super simple neural network to tell apart cat pictures
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
and dog pictures, right,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
that you can do that very, very well now.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
But if you think about it a little bit,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
you convince yourself it must be impossible
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
because if I have one megapixel,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
even if each pixel is just black or white,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
there's two to the power of 1 million possible images,
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