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[DOC] [TLE] The Oklahoma City Bombing & The Trial of Timothy McVeighThe Oklahoma City Bombing and the Trial of Timothy J. McVeigh: An Account [PAR] The Oklahoma City Bombing & The Trial of Timothy McVeigh [PAR] by Douglas O. Linder (2006) [PAR] Prosecutor Joseph Hartzler began his opening statement in the Timothy McVeigh trial by reminding the jury of the terror and the heartbreak: "Ladies and gentlemen of the jury, April 19th, 1995, was a beautiful day in Oklahoma City -- at least it started out as a beautiful day. The sun was shining. Flowers were blooming. It was springtime in Oklahoma City. Sometime after six o'clock that morning, Tevin Garrett's mother woke him up to get him ready for the day. He was only 16 months old. He was a toddler; and as some of you know that have experience with toddlers, he had a keen eye for mischief. He would often pull on the cord of her curling iron in the morning, pull it off the counter top until it fell down, often till it fell down on him. That morning, she picked him up and wrestled with him on her bed before she got him dressed. She remembers this morning because that was the last morning of his life...." [PAR] A bomb carried in a Ryder truck exploded in front of the Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City at 9:02 a.m. on April 19, 1995. The bomb claimed 168 innocent lives. That a homegrown, war-decorated American terrorist named Timothy McVeigh drove and parked the Ryder truck in the handicap zone in front of the Murrah Building there is little doubt. In 1997, a jury convicted McVeigh and sentenced him to death. The federal government, after an investigation involving 2,000 agents, also charged two of McVeigh's army buddies, Michael Fortier and Terry Nichols , with advance knowledge of the bombing and participation in the plot. Despite considerable evidence linking various militant white supremacists to the tragedy in Oklahoma City, no other persons faced prosecution for what was--until September 11, 2001--the worst act of terrorism ever on American soil. [PAR] The Oklahoma City bombing trials raise questions more interesting than the answers they provide. How, in four years, can an army sergeant and Green Beret aspirant turn so violently against the government he served? If there had been no Waco, would there have been no Oklahoma City? Did McVeigh want to be captured? Why did the government only bring charges against three men in connection with the bombing, when compelling evidence suggests that others played significant roles in the crime? We do not have clear answers to any of these questions--but some possible answers to these and other intriguing questions have come into better focus in the years since the McVeigh and Nichols trials. [PAR] The Making of an American Terrorist [PAR] The childhood of Timothy McVeigh in Lockport, New York was far from idyllic. His parents divorced in 1978, when Tim was ten, and for the remainder of his school years he lived mainly with his father, Bill McVeigh. Scrawny and unathletic, "Noodle" McVeigh became a target for neighborhood bullies. He attributes a lifelong hatred for bullies of all kinds (a class which, in his view, included an overreaching federal government) to early beatings on softball diamonds and head spinning "swirlies" in flushing toilets. It is possible that McVeigh's fascination with guns, dating to pre-teen years spent admiring his grandfather's .22-caliber rifle, might have something to do with his view of weapons as the great equalizer. He dedicated himself to developing his marksmanship skills, spending hours shooting holes in soft-drink cans in a ravine. By age 14, Tim McVeigh's interests included survivalism. He began stockpiling food and camping equipment in preparation for possible nuclear attack or a communist overthrow of the United States government. [PAR] Although McVeigh performed well on standardized tests in high school, school and its social life had considerably less appeal for him than his world of guns, fringe movements, and science fiction books. He struck classmates as somewhat introverted and disengaged, and his only extracurricular activity was track | Timothy McVeigh was convicted for which bombing? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] King Camp Gillette Biography (Business Personality/Inventor)King Camp Gillette Biography (Business Personality/Inventor) [PAR] Birthplace: Fond du Lac, Wisconsin [PAR] Best known as: Inventor of the disposable safety razor [PAR] King Camp Gillette was an American salesman and inventor who introduced the disposable safety razor in the first years of the 20th century. Raised in the Chicago area, he spent his early career as a traveling salesman. In the late 1890s he was inspired to create a disposable shaving razor, partly out of personal interest and partly out of a desire to create a product consumers could dispose of before buying another one. He teamed with a machinist-inventor named William Nickerson, and in 1901 Gillette formed American Safety Razor, which was soon changed to Gillette Safety Razor. Awarded a patent in 1904, Gillette's business was so successful he effectively retired in 1910, while keeping a figurehead position with the Gillette company. After leaving the business world, Gillette turned his attention to planting the seeds for a socialist utopia, writing books and spending money to advocate a "world corporation" that would supercede an international system based on national borders. [PAR] Copyright © 1998-2017 by Who2?, LLC. All rights reserved.[DOC] [TLE] Gaston County MuseumGaston County Museum [PAR] Gaston County Museum [PAR] [PAR] Object of the Week [PAR] On December 3rd 1901 the Safety Blade was first patented. The first safety razor was actually designed towards the end of the 1700’s by Jean-Jacques Perret, a Frenchman. Throughout the 1800’s razors were continually being developed, particularly in England and Germany. [PAR] However, in 1901, King Camp Gillette, a salesman from Wisconsin, patented the first razor with disposable blades. Before this, men had to shave with a straight edge razor, which was kept sharp by using a leather strap. Nicks to the skin were a lot more common! This innovation came at a great time, as by the turn of the century the clean- shaven look was coming back into fashion, particularly for the younger generations. The new razors had a guard that prevented the blade from cutting the skin and could be disposed of afterwards. [PAR] During the First World War, Gillette provided safety razors to every man who had enlisted, as part of their standard- issue belongings. So by 1918 3.5 million razors were being used by the military. [PAR] This particular razor in our collection is from the early 1900’s. There is the reusable razor handle and the packet of disposable blades. [PAR] [DOC] [TLE] This Day in Wisconsin History | Wisconsin Historical SocietyThis Day in Wisconsin History | Wisconsin Historical Society [PAR] This Day in Wisconsin History [PAR] On This Day: January 5 [PAR] 1813 - Utopian Community Leader Warren Chase Born [PAR] On this date the founder of a Fourierite Utopian community in what is now Ripon was born. Their inspiration came from the writings of Charles Fourier, a French Socialist who urged the rebuilding of society from its foundation as the only cure for economic ills such as the depression of 1837. The idea was supported by Horace Greely in New York and caught the eye of Warren Chase . Chase and others built a successful, non-religous communal society in which everyone recieved wages according to their skill, need, and work ethic. The community reached their greatest population (180) in 1845 but soon dissipated when members began moving toward agriculture as an economic tool. Families gradually left the community to live in their own houses and work their own land in the same area. In 1850, the�community disbanded and $40,000 in assets was divided among the remaining members. Warren Chase moved around the country and finally settled in California, where he held many public offices. [Source: Wisconsin Saints and Sinners by Fred L. Holmes, p. 94-104] [PAR] 1835 - Olympia Brown Born [PAR] On this date Olympia Brown , a well-known suffragist and the first woman ordained a minister in the U.S., was born in Kalamazoo County, Michigan. In 1878, Reverend Brown moved to Racine to become minister of the Universalist Church of the Good Shepherd. After nine years there, she resigned to work primarily in the women's movement, though she served as minister in several | Which Wisconsin salesman developed a safety razor in 1901? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] How to remove correction fluid stains - Good Housekeeping UKRemove correction fluid stains - How to remove correction fluid stains - Good Housekeeping Institute [PAR] How to remove correction fluid stains [PAR] Written by The Good Housekeeping Institute Team | 20 October 2014 [PAR] If there's a spillage, office supplies can be bad news for your clothes. Find out how to get rid of correction fluid stains with this handy guide from the Good Housekeeping Institute. [PAR] Interesting fact about correction fluid: Bette Nesmith Graham, the mother of Michael Nesmith, a member of The Monkees, invented Liquid Paper, a leading brand of correction fluid, in 195I. Not that it helps you to get the stuff out of your clothes. Some brands of correction fluid are water-based and should come out with normal washing. It's those with petroleum in them that can cause problems. Dry-cleaning is recommended, but if you want to try at home, here's what to do if you fall victim to a stain. [PAR] General directions Allow the product to dry and pick off as much of the deposit as possible, taking care not to snag the fabric. Dab the affected area with paint remover or turpentine to help fade the mark. Flush with water, then treat with a citrus-based, spot-treatment stain remover (such as De.Solv.It) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Follow the directions below for specific fabrics. [PAR] Carpet You may be able to remove the offending area by carefully snipping the tufts off the carpet. [PAR] Washable fabrics Machine-wash on as high a temperature as the fabric allows. Don't hold out too much hope, though! [PAR] Tip: pencil versus pen Either use a pencil when filling in your crossword or invest in one of those neat, pen-type correction fluid products. They're easier to use, and don't drip, so are less likely to lead to stains.[DOC] [TLE] A Monkee's Mother Invented Liquid Paper - Yeah... Right ...A Monkee's Mother Invented Liquid Paper - Yeah... Right! - Read expert review at epinions.com [PAR] A Monkee's Mother Invented Liquid Paper - Yeah... Right! [PAR] Review by remnjava [PAR] Pros: Helps to make minute corrections. [PAR] Cons: Expensive, ($3.19) for .7 oz bottle. [PAR] Would you believe Michael Nesmith's mother invented Liquid Paper? You know, Michael Nesmith who was in the rock band, The Monkees? Perhaps I am dating myself. I guess Bette Nesmith Graham wasn't a good typist. She needed something to correct her errors. She invented the formula for Liquid Paper, then called Mistake Out, in her garage! She offered it to IBM who did not purchase the rights to this product. (This was one of IBM's many mistakes.) She sold it 17 years later to Gillette for $47.5 million plus royalties just 6 months before she died. [PAR] I am glad she did! When typing, I often make mistakes! As well, I am not always known for my penmanship. (My handwriting indicates I should have been a doctor!) I recently filled out a form and wasn't sure the person reading it would be able to understand my handwriting. I picked up my Liquid Paper Correction Pen to make sure my handwriting would be legible, especially after writing with a roller ball type pen. If I have a stray pen stroke, all I have to do is use this pen to obliterate any errant marks.. [PAR] The Liquid Paper Correction Pen is about the same size as a marker pen. It has a bulge on one side, about where your thumb or index finger would fit. When you need white ink, or correction fluid, all you do is give it a little pressure. Pressing the bulge releases correction fluid and allows you do erase your mistakes. Before you begin, however, you should shake the pen. The contents of the pen separate when not in use and if you don’t shake it, you will have a bit of milky liquid covering your mistake instead of Liquid Paper. As well, make sure you wipe off the tip so the Liquid Paper doesn’t dry | The mother of which Monkee invented typewriter correction fluid? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Director Blake Edwards, 88, dies of pneumonia | Daily Mail ...Director Blake Edwards, 88, dies of pneumonia | Daily Mail Online [PAR] comments [PAR] Golden years: Edwards with his Honorary Academy Award in 2004 [PAR] Dame Julie Andrews was in mourning last night following the death of her husband, film director Blake Edwards at the age of 88. [PAR] The Mary Poppins actress, who had been married to Edwards for 41 years, was being comforted by her family in the US. [PAR] She had been at Edwards' bedside at St John’s Health Centre in California when he passed away at 10.30pm on Wednesday night following complications from pneumonia. [PAR] The American filmmaker was regarded as a modern master of contemporary film comedy through films such as the Pink Panther series. [PAR] In a career that stretched back to the mid-50s, Edwards directed more than 30 films, including Operation Petticoat, starring Cary Grant and Tony Curtis and the classic Breakfast At Tiffany’s, which starred Audrey Hepburn and George Peppard. [PAR] Earlier this month, Miss Andrews, 75, was forced to withdraw as the host of the upcoming New Year’s Eve music concert in Vienna to be with her husband as his health deteriorated. [PAR] He had also fought a 15-year battle against Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and depression. [PAR] She said at the time: ‘My husband is having some health issues and my obligation is to stay in L.A. at this time. It is with regrets that I must take a ‘rain check’ this year.’ [PAR] The pair married in 1969 and went on to work together on seven films, most famously Darling Lili, 10 and Victor/Victoria, all of which were directed by Edwards and starred Andrews. [PAR] The couple adopted two Vietnamese orphans Amy Leigh in 1974 and Joanna Lynn in 1975. [PAR] The son of a production manager and grandson of a silent-screen director, Edwards started his career as an actor in 1942 before directing his first film in 1952. [PAR] He was handed a lifetime achievement award at the 2004 Oscars ceremony. [PAR] Julie Andrews with Edwards after he was awarded the Legion Of Honour, in Cannes [PAR] Happy marriage: Edwards' widow Dame Julie Andrews, pictured at the Cannes Film Festival in 1992, was by his side when he died [PAR] At the time, he was asked about the difference between his classic comedies and the work of contemporary directors, to which he replied: ‘Whether or not my films live on, or whether or not there’s a difference, there’s a place for both. [PAR] ‘I was raised in a particular way, silent films, the great comics, a certain kind of comedy. I literally sat at the feet at some of the great comedy directors. I’m just tuned into that. [PAR] ‘A lot of the things that the younger generation finds funny I just can’t relate to them. Not looking down on them, things just change. Younger audiences like some of my films, they still understand whatever it is that makes that era so important.’ [PAR] Edwards’s spokesman Gene Schwam, who had known the star for 40 years, said last night: ‘His heart was as big as his talent. He was an Academy Award winner in all respects.’ [PAR] Hollywood insider behind box office smashes such as Breakfast at Tiffany's, 10 and The Pink Panther [PAR] Pink Panther genius: Blake Edwards in the director's chair [PAR] As a director and writer, Blake Edwards was known for his clever dialogue, poignance and occasional belly-laugh sight gags in films such as 'Breakfast at Tiffany's,' '10' and the 'Pink Panther' farces. [PAR] A third-generation filmmaker, Edwards was praised for evoking classic performances from Jack Lemmon, Audrey Hepburn, Peter Sellers, Dudley Moore, Lee Remick and Andrews, his wife of 42 years. [PAR] Edwards directed and often wrote a wide variety of movies including 'Days of Wine and Roses,' a harrowing story of alcoholism; 'The Great Race,' a comedy-adventure that starred Lemmon, Tony Curtis and Natalie Wood; and 'Victor/Victoria,' his gender-bender musical comedy with Andrews. | Which singer married director Blake Edwards? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Thomas EakinsThomas Cowperthwait Eakins (July 25, 1844 – June 25, 1916) was an American realist painter, photographer, sculptor, and fine arts educator. He is widely acknowledged to be one of the most important artists in American art history. [PAR] For the length of his professional career, from the early 1870s until his health began to fail some 40 years later, Eakins worked exactingly from life, choosing as his subject the people of his hometown of Philadelphia. He painted several hundred portraits, usually of friends, family members, or prominent people in the arts, sciences, medicine, and clergy. Taken en masse, the portraits offer an overview of the intellectual life of Philadelphia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; individually, they are incisive depictions of thinking persons. [PAR] In addition, Eakins produced a number of large paintings which brought the portrait out of the drawing room and into the offices, streets, parks, rivers, arenas, and surgical amphitheaters of his city. These active outdoor venues allowed him to paint the subject which most inspired him: the nude or lightly clad figure in motion. In the process he could model the forms of the body in full sunlight, and create images of deep space utilizing his studies in perspective. Eakins also took a keen interest in the new technologies of motion photography, a field in which he is now seen as an innovator. [PAR] No less important in Eakins' life was his work as a teacher. As an instructor he was a highly influential presence in American art. The difficulties which beset him as an artist seeking to paint the portrait and figure realistically were paralleled and even amplified in his career as an educator, where behavioral and sexual scandals truncated his success and damaged his reputation. [PAR] Eakins was a controversial figure whose work received little by way of official recognition during his lifetime. Since his death, he has been celebrated by American art historians as "the strongest, most profound realist in nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century American art". [PAR] Life and work [PAR] Youth [PAR] Eakins was born and lived most of his life in Philadelphia. He was the first child of Caroline Cowperthwait Eakins, a woman of English and Dutch descent, and Benjamin Eakins, a writing master and calligraphy teacher of Scots-Irish ancestry. Benjamin Eakins grew up on a farm in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, the son of a weaver. He was successful in his chosen profession, and moved to Philadelphia in the early 1840s to raise his family. Thomas Eakins observed his father at work and by twelve demonstrated skill in precise line drawing, perspective, and the use of a grid to lay out a careful design, skills he later applied to his art. [PAR] He was an athletic child who enjoyed rowing, ice skating, swimming, wrestling, sailing, and gymnastics—activities he later painted and encouraged in his students. Eakins attended Central High School, the premier public school for applied science and arts in the city, where he excelled in mechanical drawing. He studied drawing and anatomy at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts beginning in 1861, and attended courses in anatomy and dissection at Jefferson Medical College from 1864 to 65. For a while, he followed his father's profession and was listed in city directories as a "writing teacher". His scientific interest in the human body led him to consider becoming a surgeon. [PAR] Eakins then studied art in Europe from 1866 to 1870, notably in Paris with Jean-Léon Gérôme, being only the second American pupil of the French realist painter, famous as a master of Orientalism. He also attended the atelier of Léon Bonnat, a realist painter who emphasized anatomical preciseness, a method adapted by Eakins. While studying at the École des Beaux-Arts, he seems to have taken scant interest in the new Impressionist movement, nor was he impressed by what he perceived as the classical pretensions of the French Academy. A letter home to his father in 1868 made his aesthetic clear: [PAR] She [the female nude] is the most beautiful thing there is in the world except a naked man, | What was the profession of Thomas Eakins? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Jim FixxJames Fuller "Jim" Fixx (April 23, 1932 – July 20, 1984) was an American who authored the 1977 best-selling book The Complete Book of Running. He is credited with helping start America's fitness revolution, popularizing the sport of running and demonstrating the health benefits of regular jogging. He died of a heart attack while jogging at 52 years of age. His genetic predisposition for heart problems and other previous lifestyle factors may have caused his heart attack. [PAR] Life and work [PAR] Born in New York City, Fixx was a graduate of Trinity School in New York and Oberlin College in Ohio. His father, Calvin Fixx, was an editor at Time who worked with Whittaker Chambers. [PAR] Fixx was a member of the high-IQ club, Mensa, and published three collections of puzzles: Games for the Super-Intelligent, More Games for the Super-Intelligent, and Solve It! The back flap of his first book says: "... He spent his time running on the roads and trails near his home, training for the Boston Marathon." [PAR] Fixx started running in 1967 at age 35. He weighed 214 pounds (97 kg) and smoked two packs of cigarettes per day. Ten years later, when his book, The Complete Book of Running (which spent 11 weeks at No. 1 on the best-seller list) was published, he was 60 pounds (27 kg) lighter and smoke-free. In his books and on television talk shows, he extolled the benefits of physical exercise and how it considerably increased the average life expectancy. [PAR] The cover of his book The Complete Book of Running featured Fixx's muscular legs against a red cover. The book sold over a million copies. [PAR] In 1980 Fixx wrote a follow up book titled Jim Fixx's Second Book of Running: The Companion Volume to The Complete Book of Running. [PAR] In 1982 Fixx published Jackpot!, the story of what happened after the publication of The Complete Book of Running when he experienced the "Great American Fame Machine", becoming richer and more celebrated than he could have imagined. [PAR] Maximum Sports Performance, published posthumously, discusses the physical and psychological benefits of running and other sports, including increased self-esteem, acquiring a "high" from running, and being able to cope better with pressure and tension. [PAR] Death [PAR] Fixx died on July 20, 1984 at age 52 of a fulminant heart attack, after his daily run on Vermont Route 15 in Hardwick. The autopsy revealed that atherosclerosis had blocked one coronary artery 95%, a second 85%, and a third 70%. Still, medical opinion continued to uphold the link between exercise and longevity. [PAR] In 1986 exercise physiologist Kenneth Cooper published an inventory of the risk factors that might have contributed to Fixx's death. Granted access to his medical records and autopsy, and after interviewing his friends and family, Cooper concluded that Fixx was genetically predisposed - his father died of a heart attack at 43 after a previous one at 35, and Fixx himself had a congenitally enlarged heart - and had an unhealthy life: Fixx was a heavy smoker before beginning running at age 36, had a stressful occupation, had undergone a second divorce, and his weight before he took up running had ballooned to 214 pounds (97 kg). [PAR] A carved granite monument — a book with an inscription to Jim Fixx from the people of Northeast Scotland — now stands in Hardwick Memorial Park in Hardwick, Vermont. [PAR] Works [PAR] *Fixx, James, Games for the Super-Intelligent (1972) Doubleday [PAR] *Fixx, James, More Games for the Super-Intelligent (1976) Doubleday [PAR] *Fixx, James, The Long Distance Runner: A Definitive Study — preface by James Fixx, edited by Paul Milvy (1977) ISBN 0-89396-000-4 [PAR] *Fixx, James, The Complete Book of Running (Hardcover) Random House; first edition (1977) ISBN 0-394-41159-5 [PAR] *Fixx, James, Solve | How did James F Fixx, promoter of jogging for good health, die in 1984? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Gunsmoke - Single Episodes : Old Time Radio Researchers ...Gunsmoke - Single Episodes : Old Time Radio Researchers Group : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive [PAR] GUNSMOKE [PAR] First Show: Jun 26, 1952 [PAR] Last Show: Jun 18, 1961 [PAR] Number Shows: 480 shows, 2 auditions, 5 hour tribute [PAR] Audition Shows: Jun 11, 1949, Jul 13, 1949 [PAR] Series Description: [PAR] Gunsmoke is one of those long-running classic Old-Time Radio shows that everyone knows and remembers. It's also one that is still respected for its high values, in all aspects. Gunsmoke first aired on the CBS network on April 26, 1952, billed as the first adult western. It was set in Dodge City , Kansas in the 1870's. [PAR] The main character, Matt Dillon , was played by William Conrad . On August 6, 1951, William Conrad played the lead in a show entitled "Pagosa" in the series Romance, where he played the part of a reluctant sheriff in a tough Western town. Although not a true audition, Conrad's character role is very close the that of Matt Dillon in Gunsmoke. It was one of the "stepping stones" toward the production of Gunsmoke. [PAR] Other regular characters were Chester Proudfoot, played by Parley Baer ; Kitty, played by Georgia Ellis ; and Doc Adams, played by Howard McNear . [PAR] The series featured top-notch acting and well-developed scripts that set it apart from many other shows, not only Westerns; however, it was the sound effects that stood out the most. Listen carefully and one can hear many levels of sound that really helps transport the listener back to the old west. [PAR] Besides the US version, there was an Austrailian production of Gunsmoke. It began sometime in 1955, transcribed under the Artransa label, and aired Mondays at 7:00 PM on the Macquarie network. It is not known how many shows aired or how long the series ran. [PAR] From the Old Time Radio Researcher's Group. See "Note" Section below for more information on the OTRR. [PAR] Notes [PAR] OLD TIME RADIO RESEARCHER'S GROUP [PAR] This is a production of the Old Time Radio Researchers Group located at Old Time Radio Researchers Website and the Old Time Radio Researchers Group . [PAR] It contains the most complete and accurate version of this series in the best sound possible at the time of creation. An updated version will be issued if more episodes or better sounding ones become available. [PAR] If you are interested in preserving old time radio, you may wish to join the Old Time Radio Researchers Group at Yahoo. [PAR] This is the Single Episode Page. The Certified Set includes extras not found here. It is located at OTRR Certified Set . This page is provided in case you want to sample the shows. [PAR] Note that in many cases, file names have been modified from the original OTRR names to conform to archive.org naming requirements. [PAR] Relax, listen, and enjoy! [PAR] OTRR Definitions: [PAR] OTRR Certified Accurate -- A series that is Certified Accurate indicates that all the episodes are properly identified and labeled but that the series does not contain all known extant episodes. [PAR] OTRR Certified Complete -- A series that is Certified Complete is the highest level of certification available under the OTRR Certified Standards. This certification level implies that all the files in the series are Certified Accurate but also indicates that the series is as complete as possible – it includes all extant episodes. [PAR] Reviewer: Harry Wilson - - September 10, 2016 [PAR] Subject: Tobacco Ads vs Historical Revisionism [PAR] I live in a neighbourhood that has an exceptionally high amount of alcohol consumption, and here are some things I've noticed: [PAR] 1 - No one ever wanted to beat me up because they'd just polished off eight cigarettes, resulting in an inflated ego. [PAR] 2 - No one ever plowed their car into a bus shelter because they smoked too much, then got behind the wheel. [PAR] 3 - No one ever smoked enough to consider someone's presence to be consent to sex. [PAR] 4 - No one ever puked in my | Who was the voice of Matt Dillon for 11 years on radio's Gunsmoke? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] DaewooDaewoo ("Dae" Hangul: 대. Korean for "Great" and "Woo" Hangul: 우. Korean the first name of founder and chairman Kim Woo-jung) or the Daewoo Group was a major South Korean chaebol (conglomerate). [PAR] It was founded on 22 March 1967 as Daewoo Industrial and was dismantled by the Korean government in 1999. Prior to the Asian financial crisis, Daewoo was the second largest conglomerate in Korea after Hyundai Group, followed by LG Group and Samsung. There were about 20 divisions under the Daewoo Group, some of which survive today as independent companies. [PAR] Corporations [PAR] There were about 20 divisions in the Daewoo Group. [PAR] Daewoo Group had under its umbrella several major corporations: [PAR] *Daewoo Bus, is a manufacturer of buses. headquartered in Busan, South Korea, established in 2002. These buses are primarily used for public transportation [PAR] *Daewoo Motors, the motor vehicles division (sub-branch Daewoo Automotive Components Co. Ltd., Daewoo Bus Co., Ltd., Daewoo Commercial Vehicle Co. Ltd.) [PAR] *Daewoo Motor Sales, an auto sales company sold Daewoo but also GM cars and others in Korea (Sub-branch: Architectural Iaan Div., SAA-Seoul Auto Auction) [PAR] *Daewoo Electronics, a strong force both internationally and in Korea (sub-branch Daewoo Electronic Components Co. Ltd, Daewoo Electric Motor Industries Ltd., Orion Electric Co. Ltd.) [PAR] *Daewoo Precision Industries produced small calibre firearms and auto parts. It was spun off in February 2002 and relisted on the Korean stock-market in March 2002. It was renamed S&T Daewoo Co., Ltd in September 2006, and then S&T Motiv Co., LTD in March 2012. [PAR] *Daewoo Textile Co. Ltd. [PAR] *Daewoo Heavy Industries (DHI), which created heavy duty machinery [PAR] *Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering produced container ships, oil tankers and planes. It spun off in 2000 and became an independent company, DSME, re-listing on the Korean stockmarket in 2001 [PAR] *Daewoo Securities, a financial securities company [PAR] *Daewoo Telecom Ltd., which concentrated on the telecommunications (sub-branch Daewoo Informations Systems Co. Ltd.) [PAR] *Daewoo Corporation, (sub-branch Daewoo Construction, Keangnam Enterprises) which built highways, dams and skyscrapers, especially in the Middle East and Africa [PAR] *Daewoo International, a trading organization [PAR] *Daewoo Development Co. Ltd., managing Daewoo hotels around the world and had the Hilton Hotels franchise in South Korea [PAR] *IAE (Institute for Advanced Engineering): research and development integrated center [PAR] A further subsidiary was the Daewoo Development Company, funded by cash from the Group, and set up to develop hotels. Seven were built in Korea, China, Vietnam, and Africa. They were personally designed and furnished by Kim Woojoong's socialite wife Heeja who was Chairwoman of the company. The most lavish is the 5-star Hanoi Daewoo Hotel, which cost US$163 million to build in 1996 and was decorated by Heeja with fine art, porcelain, sculptures, and marble. She invited 3000 guests to the opening, including Russian President Vladimir Putin. There is an 18-hole golf course on the grounds and a swimming pool which is thought to be the largest in Asia. Kim is believed to have spent time there while "on the run". [PAR] Daewoo Motor Co., Ltd. [PAR] Daewoo Motor Co., Ltd. was founded when the Daewoo Group purchased Saehan Motor in 1978, but the Daewoo Motor name did not appear until 1983. [PAR] The Daewoo Motor brand appeared in the UK in 1995. At the time, it was the only manufacturer not using traditional dealerships – it owned and operated its own retail network. It was once considered to be among the top 10 motor companies in terms of production. [PAR] Due to financial trouble, Daewoo was forced to sell off its automotive arm, Daewoo Motor, to General Motors (Korean) in 2001. Since then, Daewoo-manufactured cars have been rebadged as models of many GM (and associated) brands, including Chevrolet, Buick, Pontiac, Holden, and Suzuki. The Daewoo nameplate was kept only for South Korea and Vietnam until 2011. | In which country were Daewoo cars originally produced? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] White Christmas by Bing Crosby SongfactsWhite Christmas by Bing Crosby Songfacts [PAR] White Christmas by Bing Crosby Songfacts [PAR] Songfacts [PAR] This 8-line song that paints a picture of holiday nostalgia was written by Irving Berlin for the 1942 movie Holiday Inn, where Bing Crosby sings it from the perspective of a New Yorker stranded in sunny California during Christmas. In the film, the song begins with this verse: [PAR] The sun is shining, the grass is green [PAR] The orange and palm trees sway [PAR] There's never been such a day [PAR] In Beverly Hills, LA [PAR] But it's December the 24th [PAR] And I'm longing to be up north [PAR] Crosby recorded a version of the song for release as a single with the Kim Darby Singers and the John Scott Trotter Orchestra on May 29, 1942 - a few months before the movie hit theaters. At the advice of Bing's record producer Jack Kapp, this original first verse was excised as it made no sense outside of the context of the film. Now starting with the familiar, "I'm dreaming of a white Christmas," the song became a huge hit, going to #1 on the Billboard chart (measuring sales) in October, and staying in the top spot for 11 weeks, taking it through the first two weeks of 1943. [PAR] Irving Berlin wrote another holiday song that Crosby also sang in the film: "Let's Start the New Year Right." This was released as the B-side of the "White Christmas" single. [PAR] The song enjoyed a sales resurgence every Christmas after it was first released in 1942. It went to #1 that year in America, and again reached the top spot in 1945 and 1947. The song appeared on various Billboard charts every year until 1963 when it finally dropped off the Hot 100. [PAR] A perennial seller for an entire generation, the song is by far the biggest-selling Christmas song of all time. It was the biggest-selling song of all time, going back and forth with Bill Haley's " Rock Around The Clock ," until Elton John released his tribute to Princess Diana - " Candle In The Wind ." [PAR] Bing re-recorded the song on March 19, 1947, again with the John Scott Trotter Orchestra because the original masters had been worn out from all the pressings. It is this version that is most often heard today. [PAR] The original Drifters with Clyde McPhatter as their lead vocalist recorded their Doo-Wop version in November 1953. It hit #2 on the R&B charts in 1954, and made the Pop charts in 1955. The deep bass-tenor voice you hear on this version was Bill Pinkney, who was an early member of the group. [PAR] The Drifters version made the Hot 100 (the chart was introduced in 1958) twice alongside Crosby's version: in 1960 (Bing #26, Drifters #96) and in 1962 (Bing #38, Drifters, #88). >> [PAR] Suggestion credit: [PAR] Jeff - Boston, MA [PAR] By 1954, this song was a holiday favorite, and that year Paramount Pictures released a movie called White Christmas to tie in with it. Crosby starred in the film along with Danny Kaye, and of course performed his famous song. [PAR] This won the Academy Award for Best Song of 1942. [PAR] Elvis Presley recorded this song in 1957 along with other holiday standards for his Elvis' Christmas Album. Most songwriters dream of having Elvis record their songs, but Irving Berlin spoke out against the King's cover, calling it a "profane parody of his cherished yuletide standard" and claiming that his staff was ordered to call radio stations and ask them not to play it. There's a chance that Berlin was simply drumming up publicity for his song, as there was nothing all that offensive about the Elvis version, and The Drifters had already done an R&B version. [PAR] Elvis doing Christmas songs did rub some people the wrong way, but much of the controversy was manufactured, helping Elvis' Christmas Album stay at #1 for an amazing five weeks in late 1957 and early 1958. The best publicity stunt may have been the one | In which month of the year did Bing Crosby record White Christmas? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Ousted Haitian dictator Jean-Claude Duvalier dies - NY ...Ousted Haitian dictator Jean-Claude Duvalier dies - NY Daily News [PAR] 'Baby Doc' dead: Ousted Haitian dictator Jean-Claude Duvalier dies of heart attack [PAR] Ousted Haitian dictator Jean-Claude Duvalier dies [PAR] THE ASSOCIATED PRESS [PAR] Ex-Haitian dictator Jean-Claude-Duvalier died Saturday from a heart attack. He married Michele Bennett in May 1980. [PAR] (AP) [PAR] THE ASSOCIATED PRESS [PAR] Saturday, October 4, 2014, 12:57 PM [PAR] PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti — Jean-Claude-Duvalier, the self-proclaimed "president for life" of Haiti whose corrupt and brutal regime sparked a popular uprising that sent him into a 25-year exile, died Saturday of a heart attack, his attorney said. [PAR] Reynold George said the ex-leader died at his home. He was 63. [PAR] Duvalier, looking somewhat frail, made a surprise return to Haiti in 2011, allowing victims of his regime to pursue legal claims against him and prompting some old allies to rally around him. Neither side gained much support, and the once-feared dictator known as "Baby Doc" spent his late years in relative obscurity in the leafy hills above the Haitian capital. [PAR] Duvalier was the son of Francois "Papa Doc" Duvalier, a medical doctor-turned-dictator who promoted "Noirisme," a movement that sought to highlight Haiti's African roots over its European ones while uniting the black majority against a mulatto elite in a country divided by class and color. [PAR] The regimes of both leaders tortured and killed political opponents and relied on a dreaded civilian militia known as the Tonton Macoutes. [PAR] In 1971, Francois Duvalier suddenly died of an illness and named his son to succeed him. At 19, Jean-Claude Duvalier became the world's youngest president. [PAR] Known as 'Baby Doc,' Duvalier was exiled from the country after a popular uprising brought down his brutal regime. [PAR] (HECTOR RETAMAL/AFP/Getty Images) [PAR] The son was regarded as a lackluster student at a prestigious private Catholic school in the capital but his teachers gave him passing grades anyway to avoid fury from the National Palace, according to "Written in Blood" a history of the country by Robert Debs Heinl and Nancy Gordon Heinl. [PAR] Jean-Claude Duvalier ruled for 15 years, his administration seen as less violent and repressive than his father's. Echoes of press freedom and personal criticism, never tolerated under his father, emerged — sporadically — because of international pressure. Still, human rights groups documented abuses and political persecution. A trio of prisons known as the "Triangle of Death," which included the much-feared Fort Dimanche for long-term inmates, symbolized the brutality of his regime. [PAR] As president, he married the daughter of a wealthy coffee merchant, Michele Bennett, in 1980. The engagement caused a scandal among old Duvalierists, for she was a mulatto and the arrangement ran counter to the Noirisme movement Duvalier's father espoused. The wedding was a lavish affair, complete with imported champagne, flowers and fireworks. The ceremony, reported to have cost $5 million, was carried live on television to the impoverished nation. After they exchanged vows, Michele ordered her tubby husband to go on a diet. [PAR] Under Duvalier's rule, Haiti saw widespread demographic changes. Peasants moved to the capital in search of work as factories popped up to meet the growing demand for cheap labor. Thousands of professionals fled a climate of repression for cities such as New York, Miami and Montreal. [PAR] And aid began to flow from the United States and agencies such as the World Bank and International Monetary Fund. [PAR] In 2011, Duvalier (center) returned to Haiti and allowed victims of his regime to pursue legal claims against him. [PAR] (Ramon Espinosa) [PAR] The tourists followed, some in search of a form of tropical hedonism that included booze, prostitution and Voodoo ceremonies for which the country became legendary. Tourism collapsed in the early 1980s after Florida doctors noted that an unusual number of AIDS cases were coming from Haitian emigres, even though the disease was believed | How was Jean Claude Duvalier known before he ws exiled in 1986? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] The Falkland Islands: One of Great Britain's last colonial ...The Falkland Islands: One of Great Britain's last colonial possessions | United Church of God [PAR] United Church of God [PAR] The Falkland Islands: One of Great Britain's last colonial possessions [PAR] You are here [PAR] UCG.org / World News and Prophecy / The Falkland Islands: One of Great Britain's last... [PAR] The Falkland Islands [PAR] One of Great Britain's last colonial possessions [PAR] Posted on Feb 20, 1999 [PAR] by Fred Nance Estimated reading time: 4 minutes [PAR] Login or Create an Account [PAR] With a UCG.org account you will be able to save items to read and study later! [PAR] Sign In | Sign Up [PAR] × [PAR] A brief war was fought in 1982 between Britain and Argentina over the Falkland Islands. Before the recent attempts to reclaim the islands diplomatically, the first move was by force. [PAR] A brief war was fought in 1982 between Britain and Argentina over the Falkland Islands. Located in the South Atlantic, the islands have been a possession of Great Britain since British occupation in 1833. Argentina claims the islands as its territory and lately has been making strong diplomatic moves to try to reclaim the property known to Argentinians as “Las Malvinas.” However, before the recent attempts to reclaim the islands diplomatically, the first move was by force. [PAR] The start of the 1980s found the economy of Argentina in shambles, and the military regime in power was accused of political arrests, murders, and disappearances of some 30,000 people. It was against this chaotic backdrop that the government of General Leopoldo Galtieri rallied the country behind it in April 1982 by forcibly occupying the British-held Falkland Islands. The intent was to strike a chord of national pride with its people. After two months of war Great Britain recaptured the islands in June 1982. [PAR] More than a thousand Argentine lives were lost and the war remains a bitter memory. The issue of Falklands sovereignty has been a source of irritation to the British. But to the Argentines it is a matter of reclaiming lost territory. Since the war, a relationship of goodwill has prevailed between the two countries. As reported in The Economist of October 30, 1998, both parties agreed in 1989 that matters concerning the islands could be handled in a practical manner without affecting either country's claim to sovereignty. [PAR] Seeking Help [PAR] The two countries cooperate in international affairs, and both are allies of the United States. Carlos Menem became the first Argentine president to visit Britain since the 1960s this past October. The visit was one of reconciliation for both sides. However, Mr. Menem raised the issue of sovereignty of the islands to deaf ears among the British. [PAR] The next stop for President Menem was a visit with President Clinton of the United States on January 11, 1999. Before leaving for the U.S. he said, “Of course the subject that we are not going to elude…is the Malvinas.” In La Nacion it was reported that President Menem asked President Clinton to intervene. Mr. Clinton responded that he would like to see both countries (Great Britain and Argentina),whom he considers friends, come to a solution, adding, “I am going to call Prime Minister Blair.” [PAR] To complicate matters, a recent BBC revelation was released of Great Britain's “intent” to return sovereignty of the Falklands to Argentina 30 years ago . The Daily Express of London broke the 1969 secret, reporting that Great Britain was acceding to Argentinian claims. However, the islanders themselves obstructed the path of negotiations between the two countries. After elections in 1970 and a change in the British government the negotiations were tabled. The Falklands remained British territory. [PAR] Bible prophecy reveals that a “company of nations,” or a group or commonwealth of nations, was to arise from the descendants of Jacob, whose name was changed to Israel ( Genesis 35:10 Genesis 35:10And God said to him, Your name is Jacob: your name shall not be called any more Jacob, but Israel shall be your name: and he called his name Israel.[DOC] [TLE] The Falkland Islands - Geography, History and the ...The Falkland Islands - Geography, | Great Briton fought which country over the Falkland Islands? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] The Dictionary Is the Only Place Where Success Comes ...The Dictionary Is the Only Place Where Success Comes Before Work | Quote Investigator [PAR] The Dictionary Is the Only Place Where Success Comes Before Work [PAR] Vince Lombardi? Mark Twain? Arthur Brisbane? Vidal Sassoon? Stubby Currence? Anonymous? [PAR] Dear Quote Investigator: There is an astute saying about gaining achievements through effort that deftly refers to the alphabetical order of a dictionary. Here are two versions: [PAR] 1) Success comes before work only in the dictionary. [PAR] 2) The dictionary is the only place where success comes before work. [PAR] This expression has been attributed to football coach Vince Lombardi, humorist Mark Twain, newspaper editor Arthur Brisbane, hair stylist Vidal Sassoon, and others. Would you please explore its origin? [PAR] Quote Investigator: QI has found no substantive evidence that Mark Twain made this statement. It is not listed on Barbara Schmidt’s TwainQuotes.com website, an important reference tool for checking expressions ascribed to the luminary. Also, it does not appear in the large compilation “Mark Twain at Your Fingertips”. [PAR] The earliest strong match for this saying located by QI was published in 1935 by a newspaper columnist named Stubby Currence. The details are given further below. [PAR] QI conjectures that the expression emerged from a precursor statement that was in circulation by the 1920s. The following was printed in a New Castle, Pennsylvania newspaper in 1925, and the same statement with the words “for it” deleted was printed in a Humboldt, Iowa newspaper in 1926: 1 [PAR] One way to find success without working for it is to look it up in the dictionary. [PAR] Three key vocabulary items were shared with the saying under investigation: “success”, “working”, and “dictionary”. But the meaning here was somewhat different. The reader might find the word “success” simply by looking it up in a dictionary, but this action was distinct from actually obtaining worldly success. The wordplay and joke structure here were distinguishable, but there were multiple points of similarity with the phrase being traced. [PAR] In 1932 “The News-Herald” newspaper of Franklin, Pennsylvania printed another version of the precursor quip. This instance semantically matched the 1925 citation, but syntactically it was closer to the next citation in 1935: 2 [PAR] In a dictionary is the only place one can find success without working for it. [PAR] In 1935 an expression solidly matching the one given by the questioner was published in the “Bluefield Daily Telegraph” of Bluefield, West Virginia. The words appeared in a column called “The Press Box” by Stubby Currence who covered sports for the paper. QI does not know whether Currence was the crafter of the jape or simply the transmitter: 3 [PAR] BUFF SAYS: “The dictionary is the only place where you come to SUCCESS before you get to WORK.” [PAR] Here are additional selected citations in chronological order. [PAR] In 1941 “The Pampa News” of Pampa, Texas printed a column titled “Just between Us Girls” containing an unattributed instance of the saying that used dialectical spelling: 4 [PAR] Dictionary am de only place where you come to success befor’ you git to work. [PAR] In 1953 “The Echo” newspaper of Richardson, Texas published an unattributed instance together with a miscellaneous set of unrelated items under the title “Moments”: 5 [PAR] Only in the dictionary will you find success coming before work. [PAR] In 1954 the saying was incorporated in a classified advertisement in a Syracuse, New York paper: 6 [PAR] “THE DICTIONARY IS THE ONLY place where success comes before work.” [PAR] SEE US FOR THE BEST JOBS [PAR] National Vocational Ser. [PAR] In 1957 the energetic quotation collector and widely-syndicated columnist Bennett Cerf ascribed the saying to Arthur Brisbane who was a famous newspaper editor based in New York who died in 1936. QI has not found any earlier support for this interesting attribution; hence, its status remains uncertain: 7 [PAR] Arthur Brisbane liked to point out that the dictionary is the only place where success comes before work. [PAR] In 1980 “The Penguin Dictionary of Modern Quotations” included an entry for the saying with a linkage | "Which hairdresser said, """"The only place where success comes before work is in the dictionary?""" | [
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[DOC] [TLE] A Brief History of the Hubble Space TelescopeA Brief History of the Hubble Space Telescope [PAR] A Brief History of the Hubble Space Telescope [PAR] links [PAR] by Gabriel Okolski [PAR] For more than 15 years, the Hubble Space Telescope has been providing scientists and the public with spectacular images of deep space. One of the most technologically advanced pieces of equipment that humans have put into orbit, Hubble has helped researchers make important discoveries about our universe, ranging from planets and stars to galaxies and cosmology. Thanks to incredible efforts of scientists and engineers, the telescope has also given astronomers insight into the history and fate of our universe. [PAR] Why a Space Telescope? [PAR] Although the Hubble Space Telescope has been in orbit since 1990, its origins date long before that. The first serious concepts of a space-based optical observatory began just after World War II. In 1946, Lyman Spitzer, a professor and researcher at Yale University, argued that a space telescope would offer great advantages over ground-based observatories. His paper, entitled Astronomical Advantages of an Extra-Terrestrial Observatory, explained that the Earth's atmosphere blurs and distorts light coming from stars. Even the most precise and advanced telescopes on the ground cannot escape this phenomenon, but a telescope in orbit can. Furthermore, the atmosphere blocks X-rays emitted from high-temperature phenomena in stars and other objects, so they cannot be detected by instruments on the Earth's surface. A space telescope would also allow scientists to accurately measure these emissions as well. [PAR] While teaching at Princeton University, Spitzer was asked to head a National Academy of Science Ad Hoc Committee on the Large Space Telescope. During the first meeting in 1966, this group performed comprehensive studies on possible uses for a large space-based telescope. In 1969, the committee published Scientific Uses of the Large Space Telescope, in which the National Academy of Science urged the construction of such an instrument. The report said that a large orbital telescope would make a "dominant contribution to our knowledge of cosmology," by helping scientists study stars, measure distances to galaxies, and investigate the physics behind our universe. [PAR] How it All Came Together [PAR] In order to move from concept to reality, the telescope needed support from NASA, the only agency likely to be able to execute the National Academy's recommendation. Wernher von Braun, one of America's leading rocket scientists who came from Germany after World War II, had already looked into the challenges of a space telescope with his team at the Marshall Space Flight Center in the 1960s. Other NASA studies had also originally called for space telescopes, albeit using smaller mirrors that the 120-inch size proposed by the National Academy of Sciences. [PAR] In the mid-1960s, NASA and its contractors conducted phased studies into the feasibility of a large space telescope. Although there was initial dissent within NASA over whether the agency should work its way up to a large-scale observatory or take one giant leap to the final product, the decision to develop the Space Shuttle program greatly improved the flexibility NASA would have in designing a space telescope. In 1971, George Low, NASA's Acting Administrator, gave approval to the Large Space Telescope Science Steering Group to conduct feasibility studies. [PAR] With NASA on board, the next step for what would become the Hubble Space Telescope was to obtain federal funding for the project. Unfortunately for the program, the large space telescope's total cost was roughly estimated at $400 to $500 million, making it a tough sell. Funding for the telescope was originally denied by the House Appropriations Subcommittee in 1975, but this prompted a large-scale lobbying effort by NASA and leading astronomers, led by Spitzer and John Bahcall, another Princeton astronomer who was also an original proponent of the telescope. The European Space Research Organization (ESRO), later to become the European Space Agency (ESA), was also invited to participate in the project by producing inexpensive solar panels and taking part in observations and research. NASA wanted to take advantage of international cooperation to reduce the overall cost of the program, making it more likely to receive Congressional support. The ESRO accepted the offer in 1975. A mirror | Which telescope was launched into space on board a space shuttle in 1990? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Diving 101: Olympic history | NBC OlympicsDiving 101: Olympic history | NBC Olympics [PAR] Diving 101: Olympic history [PAR] Tumblr [PAR] Get a history lesson in diving before the 2016 Rio Olympics. [PAR] London, 2012: The United States saw its most successful Games in 24 years, bagging four medals. Team USA's David Boudia topped the podium in the men's individual 10m platform, becoming the first American to win the event since Greg Louganis' back-to-back wins in 1984 and 1988. The Americans' other medals came in the men's synchronized 10m (bronze) and 3m synchronized springboard (bronze). The final American medal came from Kelci Bryant and Abby Johnston, who picked up silver in the synchronized 3m - the first-ever American medal in the event. [PAR] Share [PAR] London 2012: Wu Minxia's golden 3m springboard performance [PAR] Beijing, 2008: China dominated the diving competition at the 2008 Olympics, winning seven of the eight events contested. One silver and three bronze medals yielded a total medal haul of 11, a far cry from second-place Russia (five). The bright spot for the international field was Matthew Mitcham's performance in the men's 10m. The Australian beat Zhou Luxin for gold, stopping a Chinese sweep in front of its home fans. The best finish for an American at the Games was a pair of fourth place finishes in the 3m synchro events: Chris Colwill/Jevon Tarantino and Kelci Bryant/Ariel Rittenhouse. [PAR] Athens, 2004: The Greek synchronized diving team of Nikolaos Siranidis and Thomas Bimis took advantage of an extraordinary string of failed dives by some of the world's best to claim a stunning gold medal on the 3m. The Greek duo had no chance at a medal - let alone gold - until dives unraveled for the leaders on their fifth and final dives. The Chinese team of Peng Bo and Wang Kenan, leaders after four dives, scored a zero when Wang could not complete the final dive, a forward 2-1/2 somersault pike with two twists. China's gaffe opened the door for the world champion Russian team of Dmitri Sautin and Aleksandr Dobroskok. But on their dive - a reverse 2-1/2 somersault pike with 1-1/2 twists - Sautin clipped the board with his feet and barely completed his maneuver. The U.S. team of Justin and Troy Dumais needed an 81.94 on their last dive, but recorded a disastrous 55.65 to fall out of medal contention. [PAR] In addition to host Greece's upset win in the men's synchronized 3m, Australia's Chantelle Newberry became her country's first female to win individual diving gold when she took the 10m platform. Defending champion Laura Wilkinson finished fifth and the U.S. failed to earn a diving medal for the first time since 1912. [PAR] Share [PAR] London 2012: German diver lands on back [PAR] Sydney, 2000: The addition of four synchronized events for the Sydney program helped enable China to set a new record for diving golds at a single Games. In Sydney, Chinese divers won five of the eight events. More impressive, the tally included gold from each of the four individual events except for women's platform. [PAR] In a stunning upset, Laura Wilkinson came from nowhere to win the women's platform. In the process, she broke China's four-Olympics stranglehold in the event and won America's only diving medal of the 2000 Games. Prior to Sydney, Wilkinson, 22, had never finished better than fifth at a major international event. Beginning the final in eighth place, the always-smiling Houstonian made up 23 points on the leader, Li Na of China, to earn the unexpected gold. [PAR] Atlanta, 1996: After a disappointing fifth-place finish in the springboard ended favored Dmitry Sautin's hopes of becoming the first non-American man to win both the springboard and the platform titles, the "Russian Gladiator" roared back to salvage gold in the platform. The 22-year-old, who competed with an injured left wrist, trailed Germany's Jan Hempel by less than three points after the semifinal, but took the lead on the first of six final | Which American was the first ever person to retain an Olympic springboard diving title? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Do not go gentle into that good night – Dylan Thomas ...Do not go gentle into that good night – Dylan Thomas | TeacherBentley.com [PAR] Home › Poetry Blog › Do not go gentle into that good night – Dylan Thomas [PAR] Do not go gentle into that good night – Dylan Thomas [PAR] Posted on [PAR] Do not go gentle into that good night, [PAR] Old age should burn and rave at close of day; [PAR] Rage, rage against the dying of the light. [PAR] Though wise men at their end know dark is right, [PAR] Because their words had forked no lightning they [PAR] Do not go gentle into that good night. [PAR] Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright [PAR] Their frail deeds might have danced in a green bay, [PAR] Rage, rage against the dying of the light. [PAR] Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight, [PAR] And learn, too late, they grieved it on its way, [PAR] Do not go gentle into that good night. [PAR] Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight [PAR] Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay, [PAR] Rage, rage against the dying of the light. [PAR] And you, my father, there on the sad height, [PAR] Curse, bless, me now with your fierce tears, I pray. [PAR] Do not go gentle into that good night. [PAR] Rage, rage against the dying of the light.[DOC] [TLE] Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night - poemhunter.comDo Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night Poem by Dylan Thomas - Poem Hunter [PAR] Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night Poem by Dylan Thomas - Poem Hunter [PAR] Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night - Poem by Dylan Thomas [PAR] Autoplay next video [PAR] Do not go gentle into that good night, [PAR] Old age should burn and rave at close of day; [PAR] Rage, rage against the dying of the light. [PAR] Though wise men at their end know dark is right, [PAR] Because their words had forked no lightning they [PAR] Do not go gentle into that good night. [PAR] Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright [PAR] Their frail deeds might have danced in a green bay, [PAR] Rage, rage against the dying of the light. [PAR] Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight, [PAR] And learn, too late, they grieved it on its way, [PAR] Do not go gentle into that good night. [PAR] Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight [PAR] Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay, [PAR] Rage, rage against the dying of the light. [PAR] And you, my father, there on that sad height, [PAR] Curse, bless, me now with your fierce tears, I pray. [PAR] Do not go gentle into that good night. [PAR] Rage, rage against the dying of the light.[DOC] [TLE] Dylan Thomas - Do Not Go Gentle Into that Good NightDylan Thomas - Do Not Go Gentle Into that Good Night [PAR] DO NOT GO GENTLE INTO THAT GOOD NIGHT [PAR] Dylan Thomas [PAR] Do not go gentle into that good night, [PAR] Old age should burn and rage at close of day; [PAR] Rage, rage against the dying of the light. [PAR] Though wise men at their end know dark is right, [PAR] Because their words had forked no lightning they [PAR] Do not go gentle into that good night. [PAR] Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright [PAR] Their frail deeds might have danced in a green bay, [PAR] Rage, rage against the dying of the light. [PAR] Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight, [PAR] And learn, too late, they grieved it on its way, [PAR] Do not go gentle into that good night. [PAR] Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight [PAR] Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay, [PAR] Rage, rage against the dying of the light. [PAR] And you, my father, there on the sad height, [PAR] Curse, bless me now with your fierce tears, I pray. [PAR] Do not go gentle into that good night. [PAR] Rage, rage against | "Who wrote the line, ""Do not go gentle into that good night?" | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Head (film)Head is a 1968 American adventure musical satirical film written by Jack Nicholson and Bob Rafelson, directed by Rafelson, starring television rock group The Monkees (Davy Jones, Micky Dolenz, Peter Tork and Michael Nesmith), and distributed by Columbia Pictures. [PAR] During production, one of the working titles for the film was Changes, which was later the name of an unrelated album by the Monkees. Another working title was Untitled. A rough cut of the film was previewed for audiences in Los Angeles in the summer of 1968 under the name Movee Untitled. [PAR] The film featured Victor Mature as "The Big Victor" and cameo appearances by Nicholson, Teri Garr, Carol Doda, Annette Funicello, Frank Zappa, Sonny Liston, Timothy Carey, Percy Helton, and Ray Nitschke. Also appearing on screen in brief non-speaking parts are Dennis Hopper and film choreographer Toni Basil. [PAR] Plot [PAR] Head begins at the dedication of a bridge. A politician, the mayor, is trying to offer a dedicatory speech but is impeded by recurring barrages of microphone feedback. As he is about to cut the red ribbon and open the bridge, the Monkees interrupt the ceremony by running, as if in a panic, through the assembled officials as horns and sirens blare. The rest of the film consists of a series of non-linear vignettes highlighting the unpleasant aspects of being public figures. The film offers conflict and resolution, but is essentially plotless; as a chant by the Monkees early in the film relates: "We hope you like our story/Although there isn't one/That is to say, there's many/That way, there is more fun!" Head is a stream of consciousness stringing-together of musical numbers, satires of film genres, psychedelic cinematography, and references to then-topical issues such as the Vietnam War and drugs. The action includes recurring scenes, such as the group being trapped in a black box, a desert location, and a gigantic Victor Mature. [PAR] Cast [PAR] * Peter Tork – Peter [PAR] * David Jones – Davy [PAR] * Micky Dolenz – Micky [PAR] * Michael Nesmith – Mike [PAR] * Annette Funicello – Teresa/Minnie [PAR] * Timothy Carey – Lord High 'n' Low [PAR] * Logan Ramsey – Officer Faye Lapid [PAR] * Abraham Sofaer – Swami [PAR] * Vito Scotti – I. Vitteloni [PAR] * Charles Macaulay – Inspector Shrink [PAR] * T. C. Jones – Mr. and Mrs. Ace [PAR] * Charles Irving – Mayor Feedback [PAR] * William Bagdad – Black Sheik [PAR] * Percy Helton – Heraldic Messenger [PAR] * Sonny Liston – Extra [PAR] * Ray Nitschke – Private One [PAR] * Carol Doda – Sally Silicone [PAR] * Frank Zappa – The Critic [PAR] * June Fairchild – The Jumper [PAR] * Teri Garr – Testy True [PAR] * I. J. Jefferson – Lady Pleasure [PAR] * Victor Mature – The Big Victor [PAR] * Toni Basil – 'Daddy's Song' Dancer [PAR] * Lee Kolima – guard [PAR] * Terry Chambers – Hero [PAR] * Mike Burns – Nothing [PAR] * Esther Shepard – Mother [PAR] * Kristine Helstoski – Girl Friend [PAR] * John Hoffman – The Sexfiend [PAR] * Linda Weaver – Lover Secretary [PAR] * Jim Hanley – Frodis [PAR] * Dennis Hopper – Himself [PAR] * Bob Rafelson – Himself [PAR] * Jack Nicholson – Movie director in restaurant [PAR] Kolima's role is sometimes attributed to Tor Johnson, who does not appear in the film. [PAR] Marketing [PAR] Trailers summarized it as a "most extraordinary adventure, western, comedy, love story, mystery, drama, musical, documentary satire ever made (And that's putting it mildly)." There were no pictures of the Monkees on the original poster; only a picture of John Brockman, who did the PR for the film. [PAR] Production [PAR] The storylines and peak moments of the film came from a weekend visit to an Ojai, California resort where the Monkees, Rafelson, and Nicholson brainstormed into a tape recorder, reportedly with the aid of a quantity of marijuana. Jack Nicholson then took the tapes and used them as the basis for his screenplay which (according to Rafelson) he structured while under the influence of LSD. When the band learned | Which 60s pop band made an unsuccessful movie called Head? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] The Most Shocking Upsets in Wimbledon History | Bleacher ...The Most Shocking Upsets in Wimbledon History | Bleacher Report [PAR] The Most Shocking Upsets in Wimbledon History [PAR] By Jake Curtis , Featured Columnist [PAR] Jun 26, 2013 [PAR] Use your ← → (arrow) keys to browse the slideshow [PAR] Mike Hewitt/Getty Images [PAR] 45 [PAR] Comments [PAR] Rafael Nadal 's stunning straight-sets loss to Steve Darcis in the first round on Monday raises an obvious question: Was that the biggest upset in Wimbledon history? And what about the second-round losses by Roger Federer and Maria Sharapova ? [PAR] All three are certainly in the discussion. [PAR] Gauging the magnitude of an upset is a subjective exercise, of course. [PAR] Even time can affect the status of an upset. When unseeded 18-year-old Billie Jean Moffitt stunned top-seeded Margaret Smith in Smith's opening match of the 1962 Wimbledon tournament, it seemed like a major upset. In retrospect, the result doesn't seem as surprising because Moffitt, who became Billie Jean King, went on to win six Wimbledon singles titles. [PAR] The bottom line in the determination is this: How shocked were tennis fans by the result? [PAR] This proposed list of 15 shocking Wimbledon results was quickly expanded by two with the losses by Federer and Sharapova. So here's a countdown of the 17 most stunning upsets in Wimbledon history. [PAR] 17. Charlie Pasarell over Manuel Santana, 1st Round, 1967 [PAR] Getty Images/Getty Images [PAR] Manuel Santana [PAR] Charlie Pasarell's 10-8, 6-3, 2-6, 8-6 victory over Manuel Santana made the list for one important reason: It was the first time that a defending champion and No. 1 seed had lost in the first round at Wimbledon. [PAR] Pasarell was no slouch. He was the top-ranked American and had beaten Santana once out of their only two previous meetings before their 1967 Wimbledon matchup, according to an Associated Press report . [PAR] However, he had not had much success at Wimbledon, never getting past the third round in his four previous attempts. It left him unseeded in 1967. [PAR] But this attempt was different. [PAR] "This is the first time I've had an opportunity to come in advance of Wimbledon and practice on grass," Pasarell said after beating Santana, according to Canadian Press . [PAR] 16. Arthur Ashe over Jimmy Connors, Finals, 1975 [PAR] Getty Images/Getty Images [PAR] Arthur Ashe [PAR] Although Arthur Ashe's 6-1, 6-1, 5-7, 6-4 victory over Jimmy Connors in the 1975 finals may not have been as surprising as other upsets on this list, it deserves a spot because of the significance of the match and the attention it received. [PAR] Connors was an overwhelming 3-to-20 betting favorite against Ashe, according to an ESPN article. In fact, he was a 9-to-10 favorite to win in straight sets. [PAR] Ashe, then 31, was in the Wimbledon final for the first time, making it as the No. 6 seed following a five-set victory over Tony Roche in the semifinals. The top-seeded 22-year-old Connors had not lost a set en route to the final and had lost only six games while beating Ken Rosewall in the 1974 Wimbledon final. [PAR] But against Connors, Ashe took the pace off his shots, relying on angles and finesse to frustrate Connors' powerful groundstrokes. [PAR] The shock value of the victory and the way it was achieved resonated for weeks. [PAR] 15. Michelle Larcher de Brito over Maria Sharapova, 2nd Round, 2013 [PAR] Dennis Grombkowski/Getty Images [PAR] Maria Sharapova had issues with her hip. [PAR] Maria Sharapova was having an outstanding 2013 season before her surprising 6-3, 6-4 second-round loss to Michelle Larcher de Brito , the world's No. 131 player. [PAR] Since her loss in the Australian Open semifinals, Sharapova had lost to only one player on the court, Serena Williams . Sharapova had reached the finals of the last five tournaments she had completed and won two of them. Williams beat her in all three of the others. [PAR] | Who was the defending champion when Billie Jean King first won Wimbledon singles? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] The Great Dictator Movie Review - Common Sense MediaThe Great Dictator Movie Review [PAR] What parents need to know [PAR] Positive messages [PAR] No question who the good guys and the bad guys are, even with Chaplin in dual roles as the egomaniacal dictator Hynkel and the Jewish barber/war veteran. The attitude flirts with humanism -- the heroine posits that if God doesn't really exist, people should still be nice to one another as if He did. In a final speech, practically presidential-candidate in intensity, the barber quotes the Bible and calls for freedom, equality, compassion, and unity of all races, and there's little doubt this isn't the character but instead Chaplin himself speaking his mind. [PAR] Violence [PAR] Battlefield slapstick with explosions, giant cannons, and mortar shells for comic effect. Men shot at close range. Jews tormented with beatings, thrown vegetables, and an attempted hanging. Distant views of a ghetto on fire. [PAR] Sex [PAR] Review this title! [PAR] What's the story? [PAR] Between WWI and WWII, a title tells us up front, insanity reigns and humanity "got kicked about a bit" in a suspiciously German-looking country called Tomania. The great Charlie Chaplin plays dual roles. One is a nameless, hapless Jewish barber, who dutifully (if ineptly) fights for his nation in the First World War and suffers amnesia. When he recovers he finds all Jews herded into ghettoes and persecuted, scapegoated for the country's economic woes under the policies of a look-alike, mustached pipsqueak dictator Adenoid Hynkel (also Chaplin) and his fascist advisors. While the strutting Hynkel dreams of world conquest, builds palaces, meets with the equally pompous dictator of a rival empire called Bacteria (think Mussolini's Italy) and gears up for an invasion, the barber's lucky WWI friendship with a high-ranking Tomanian military officer lands him in and out of trouble. [PAR] Is it any good? [PAR] QUALITY [PAR] The movie doesn't feel like old newspapers, but fresh and urgent. The immortal, wordless dream ballet in which Hynkel/Hitler, imaging himself emperor of Earth, dances lovingly with a globe-shaped balloon, is a timeless metaphor for every wannabe conqueror from Napoleon on up. Chaplin's narrative isn't terribly cohesive, more like a series of blackout sketches, but younger viewers are especially forgiving about that. Some critics think The Great Dictator went overboard with a climactic speech, in which Chaplin completely breaks character to deliver an emotional tirade against 1930s totalitarianism and the "machine men" plunging the planet into madness. But as a film-comedy genius using the talents he has to confront world-class enemies and injustice directly, this is as good as it gets. [PAR] Viewers today are used to satire like Saturday Night Live or Harold and Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay , which look terribly out of date just months later. Not exactly great art. But THE GREAT DICTATOR is different. Silent-era megastar Charlie Chaplin, in his first film with extensive dialogue, does attack the international villains of the time, the Third Reich (Hynkel for Hitler; a fat field marshal named Herring, instead of Goering; a "Garbitsch" -- pronounced "garbage" -- instead of Goebbles). But the jokes are done with sublime slapstick, poignancy, and timeless insight into the foibles of human nature. [PAR] Families can talk about... [PAR] Families can talk about the rise of the Third Reich and Mussolini's Italy, and how Charlie Chaplin skillfully turned some of the most frightening real-life villains into buffoons. You could research the other sorts of movies coming out at the time, from Axis Germany, Italy, Japan, and the USSR -- and how they served their own "great dictators'" aims. While some movies from Nazi Berlin certainly did glorify fascism (check out Leni Riefenstahl's Triumph of the Will, if you dare), others were deliberately non-political, meant to take the average citizen's mind off war. Ask kids if they think Chaplin's pointed comedy holds up well today, or is a WWII relic. Who are today's "great dictators"? And who are the | In Chaplin's The Great Dictator, which country did the dictator rule? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] 1988 Vintage Whisky : The Whisky Exchange1988 Vintage Whisky : The Whisky Exchange [PAR] 1988 Vintage Whisky [PAR] FREE UK standard delivery on orders over £100 [PAR] 1988 Vintage Whisky [PAR] In 1988, Australia celebrated its bicentennial, Hello! magazine launches in the UK, and Bruce Willis stars in Die Hard. Celebrate 1988 with our selection of whiskies from that year. [PAR] Select By Age[DOC] [TLE] 1988: The Bicentenary & Australia Day1988: The Bicentenary – Australia Day [PAR] 2016 Australia Day Message [PAR] On Australia Day 1988 Sydney Harbour, that 'chief amphitheatre of Australian life', was again the centre of attention. This time the extraordinary spectacle attracting some two million people to its shores was the arrival of Tall Ships from around the world and the First Fleet re-enactment. By contrast, the tent city of the Bicentennial Exhibition travelled the country visiting thirty-four cities and towns to involve Australians in the celebration. That year's journey and the Exhibition's scope showed how far planners of the 1988 event had come from those organising the March to Nationhood pageant in Sydney in 1938 and the three months' celebrations there. The federal government, by taking responsibility for the Bicentenary with the setting up of the Australian Bicentennial Authority (ABA) in 1980, signalled a different approach to the NSW government's two-year preparations for the Sesquicentenary. [PAR] Even before this event, the federal government had become involved in promoting Australia Day, by taking up the mantle worn by the ANA since the 1880s, especially in Victoria. In 1946 the ANA in Melbourne had begun the transition by prompting the formation of an Australia Day Committee (later known as Australia Day Council), drawn from representatives of many community organisations. Its purpose was to educate the public about the significance of Australia Day. In 1960 it introduced the Australian of the Year award. Similar groups formed in the other states took turns with the Victorian group in acting as the Federal Australia Day Council (FADC). In 1980 the federal government's newly-created National Australia Day Committee, based in the national capital, Canberra, took over that role with the FADC's agreement. [PAR] The new Committee, set up to help interested groups make future celebrations 'truly national and Australia-wide', adopted a fresh approach to Australia Day. Its forum for state representatives in 1980 agreed that 26 January 1788 'should be seen as a day of contact, not of conquest…the day which began the fusion of Australians'. The theme, 'ONE LAND, ONE PEOPLE', would best reflect 'the spirit of Australia Day'. The Committee and the federal government were struggling with what respected Committee member, Sir Asher Joel, termed 'the crisis of identity…of establishing an Australian identity which will unite each and every one of us, surmounting all the borders, imaginary or real, of race, creed or class status'. Another member, Graham Allan, chairman of the National Youth Advisory Group, argued that the challenge was convincing the young that Australia Day had meaning, especially when 'we are not precisely sure, ourselves what meaning ought to be attributed to it'. [PAR] FIGURE 18: View of the crowd at new Parliament House, Canberra for the Canberra leg of the Caltex Bicentennial Bike Ride, ca 1988 — a contrast to the Australian Natives' Association's wheel race in 1897. Source: nla.pic-an24526897, National Library of Australia [PAR] At the 1981 forum with the theme, 'ONE NATION — ONE FUTURE', speakers looked for ways Australians could find unity in diversity. The composition of Australia's population had changed dramatically since the end of World War II with fewer British people wanting to migrate and increasing numbers of immigrants coming from Europe and later other parts of the world. For a country which had taken pride in being British and white, the change was remarkable. Between 1970 and 1990 the percentage of immigrants in Australia born in the British Isles dropped from 47.3 to 19.4. At the same time Aborigines were pressing ahead in their campaign for citizens' rights, encouraged by the passing of the referendum in 1967 which gave the federal government power to legislate on Aboriginal matters. Radical | Which country celebrated its bicentenary in 1988? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] United States tests first hydrogen bomb - Nov 01, 1952 ...United States tests first hydrogen bomb - Nov 01, 1952 - HISTORY.com [PAR] United States tests first hydrogen bomb [PAR] Share this: [PAR] United States tests first hydrogen bomb [PAR] Author [PAR] United States tests first hydrogen bomb [PAR] URL [PAR] Publisher [PAR] A+E Networks [PAR] The United States detonates the world’s first thermonuclear weapon, the hydrogen bomb, on Eniwetok atoll in the Pacific. The test gave the United States a short-lived advantage in the nuclear arms race with the Soviet Union. Following the successful Soviet detonation of an atomic device in September 1949, the United States accelerated its program to develop the next stage in atomic weaponry, a thermonuclear bomb. Popularly known as the hydrogen bomb, this new weapon was approximately 1,000 times more powerful than conventional nuclear devices. Opponents of development of the hydrogen bomb included J. Robert Oppenheimer, one of the fathers of the atomic bomb. He and others argued that little would be accomplished except the speeding up of the arms race, since it was assumed that the Soviets would quickly follow suit.The opponents were correct in their assumptions. The Soviet Union exploded a thermonuclear device the following year and by the late 1970s, seven nations had constructed hydrogen bombs. The nuclear arms race had taken a fearful step forward. [PAR] Related Videos[DOC] [TLE] BBC ON THIS DAY | 1 | 1954: US tests hydrogen bomb in BikiniBBC ON THIS DAY | 1 | 1954: US tests hydrogen bomb in Bikini [PAR] About This Site | Text Only [PAR] 1954: US tests hydrogen bomb in Bikini [PAR] The US has produced the biggest ever man-made explosion so far in the Pacific archipelago of Bikini, part of the Marshall Islands. [PAR] It is believed the hydrogen bomb was up to 1,000 times more powerful than the atomic bomb that destroyed Hiroshima. [PAR] It was so violent that it overwhelmed the measuring instruments, indicating that the bomb was much more powerful than scientists had anticipated. [PAR] The 15 megaton bomb delivered a force far more powerful than expected. [PAR] One of the atolls has been totally vaporised, disappearing into a gigantic mushroom cloud that spread at least 100 miles wide and dropping back to the sea in the form of radioactive fall-out. [PAR] The Atomic Energy Commission announced this was the first in a series of tests to be carried out in the area. [PAR] Natives resettled [PAR] Tests first began in Bikini in 1946 after the natives were moved to the island of Rongerik, then to Ujelan a year later and to Kili in 1949. [PAR] This is the second H-bomb test in the area. [PAR] A 10.4 megaton bomb was exploded on 1 November 1952 at Enewatak, west of Bikini. [PAR] It destroyed one island and left a crater 175 feet deep. [PAR] It was hundreds of times more powerful than that used over Hiroshima. [PAR] Unlike that device which tapped energy by splitting atomic nuclei, the Enewetak weapon forced together nuclei of hydrogen to unleash an even greater destructive force.[DOC] [TLE] The Hydrogen bomb - Infopleasehydrogen bomb [PAR] Encyclopedia > Social Sciences and the Law > Political Science and Government > Military Affairs (nonnaval) [PAR] hydrogen bomb [PAR] hydrogen bomb or H-bomb, weapon deriving a large portion of its energy from the nuclear fusion of hydrogen isotopes. In an atomic bomb , uranium or plutonium is split into lighter elements that together weigh less than the original atoms, the remainder of the mass appearing as energy. Unlike this fission bomb, the hydrogen bomb functions by the fusion, or joining together, of lighter elements into heavier elements. The end product again weighs less than its components, the difference once more appearing as energy. Because extremely high temperatures are required in order to initiate fusion reactions, the hydrogen bomb is also known as a thermonuclear bomb. [PAR] The first thermonuclear bomb was exploded in 1952 at Enewetak by the United States, the second in 1953 by Russia (then the USSR). Great Britain, France, and China have also exploded thermonuclear bombs, and these five nations comprise the so-called nuclear club—nations that have the capability to produce nuclear weapons and admit to maintaining an inventory of | Where was the first H bomb exploded in 1952? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] History of the Photocopier Machine - Photocopier & Print NewsHistory of the Photocopier Machine [PAR] Articles Photocopier guides History of the Photocopier Machine [PAR] History of the Photocopier Machine [PAR] Posted on November 22nd, 2012 · Posted in Photocopier guides [PAR] In October 1937 Chester Carlson, a patent attorney in New York, invented a process called electro photography. In 1938, this was renamed Xerography and the first known photocopy was the "10-22-38 Astoria". The Xerography copying process went on to become one of the most well known inventions of the 20th century. Carlson received world acclaim and became extremely wealthy as his invention created a billion-dollar industry. It is estimated that Carlson gave away almost $100 million to charity and foundations before his death in 1968. [PAR] Development of Xerography [PAR] But Xerography was not, at least at first, a popular invention. In fact, it was ten years before Carlson found a company to develop Xerography. A New York-based photo-paper manufacturer called The Haloid Company took up the challenge. The Haloid Company later went on to become Xerox Corporation. [PAR] The First Office Copier [PAR] In 1955, Haloid - by then Haloid Xerox - produced Copyflo, the first automated xerographic machine. However, it wasn't until 22 years after electro photography had first been conceived that the first true office copier was produced. 1958 saw the introduction of the first-ever commercial push button photocopier machine the 914. [PAR] Good Times For Xerox [PAR] The 914 was a phenomenal success. In just three years, Haloid Xerox's income went from $2 million in 1960 - when the first 914 was sold - to over $22 million by 1963.In 1961, Haloid Xerox shortened its name to Xerox and its stock was listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Their phenomenal success continued as Xerox introduced 24 new products over the next 20 years. [PAR] Changing Market [PAR] But Xerox domination was about to change. New manufacturers were appearing on the sidelines, gearing up to challenge Xerox and re-brand what the world knew as a Xerox machine to a photocopy machine or photocopier. One of the greatest marketing battles of the 20th century was about to begin. [PAR] Xerox vs the Copier [PAR] Ricoh was emerging as a potential competitor to Xerox as early as 1955 when they developed the RiCopy 101 Diazo copier. By 1975 they had developed the prize-winning RiCopy DT 1200 and were starting to challenge Xerox's hold over the market. The next decade would see a surprising change as companies traditionally known for photography began to break into the office equipment market. Brands such as Minolta, Panasonic, Toshiba, Sharp, Konica and Canon started to produce small office copiers that were to challenge Xerox's domination of the business copier market. [PAR] Meanwhile, even Xerox's domination of the high-volume photocopier market was coming under threat from Kodak and Oce. [PAR] New Brands Not Trusted [PAR] Manufacturers quickly found that Xerox held enormous customer loyalty. To break this down, copier dealerships were founded. In each country, small local dealerships emerged that offered a "local service", sold by local people. This classic guerrilla marketing move attacked Xerox in a way they hadn't anticipated. Since Xerox was a global corporation, the one thing they couldn't offer was the intimacy of a small, local business. [PAR] Canon was probably the most successful copier company to employ this tactic. By 1985, they had become the world's leading photocopier company . Canon invested heavily in development and went on to produce the first colour copier. [PAR] Re-branding the Xerox Machine as the Photocopier [PAR] The Xerox rivals encouraged their dealers to correct customers whenever they referred to their brand of photocopier as a "Xerox machine". Terms such as "Xeroxing" were corrected to "copying" and the "Xerox Machine" became the "photocopier machine". All of this worked at dissolving the impact and hold of the Xerox brand. [PAR] Copiers Today [PAR] Today, Xerox continues to be one of the world leaders and a hugely influential and trusted brand name. Despite this, they are no longer the copier market leaders. Whilst the main battle in the photocopier market | Who invented the world's first photocopier? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Clinton defends his wife over Whitewater: Scandal and ...Clinton defends his wife over Whitewater: Scandal and suspicion are eroding the First Lady's authority, writes Patrick Cockburn in Washington | The Independent [PAR] Clinton defends his wife over Whitewater: Scandal and suspicion are eroding the First Lady's authority, writes Patrick Cockburn in Washington [PAR] Tuesday 8 March 1994 00:02 BST [PAR] Click to follow [PAR] The Independent Online [PAR] PRESIDENT Bill Clinton yesterday vigorously defended his wife, Hillary, who has come under increasing attack for her role in the Whitewater affair. He said: 'Her moral compass is as strong as anybody's in this country. I do not believe for a moment that she has done anything wrong.' [PAR] At a White House press conference Mr Clinton repeatedly denied wrongdoing, but he is clearly worried at the political damage done to the administration by the Whitewater affair. He said: 'There will not be a cover-up, there will not be an abuse of office in this White House.' [PAR] Mr Clinton said he was unaware of two White House meetings where his advisers discussed the progress of the investigation with Treasury department officials. As in the past he portrayed his involvement with the Whitewater real estate company as a minor business deal that went wrong 16 years ago. [PAR] He said the White House had now 'literally erected a firewall' between itself and the investigative agencies looking into the affair. Mr Clinton said the report of the special counsel, Robert Fiske, on Whitewater and related matters would show that he was innocent. [PAR] Mr Clinton said he had started to look for a successor to the White House counsel, Bernard Nussbaum, who resigned on Saturday after criticism that he was obstructing the investigation. Ten administration officials subpoenaed by Mr Fiske wil give evidence to a grand jury on Thursday. [PAR] As in the past Mr Clinton, looking a little haggard, counter-attacked briskly, saying that the Republicans were seeking to derive short-term political advantage that might rebound on them. 'The American people will be outraged if anybody uses this as an excuse for not doing the people's business,' he insisted. [PAR] Allegations of obstructing the Whitewater investigation are sapping the authority of Hillary Clinton within the White House where she has been the greatest influence on shaping policy after her husband. In recent weeks she has cancelled two-thirds of her commitments to devote time to dealing with the scandal. [PAR] She is still the main strategist and publicist for the administration's health care proposals. But her ability to sell them to Congress and the public is being undermined by accusations that she, rather than Bill Clinton, was the central figure in stalling investigators. [PAR] Repubicans and the right-wing media have long demonised Mrs Clinton as an unelected radical but only recently have they started to draw blood. The Washington Times, which is viscerally anti-Democrat but so far accurate on Whitewater, said yesterday that during the 1992 presidential election Hillary Clinton had repeatedly called couriers to the governor's mansion in Arkansas to take papers to be shredded at the Rose Law Firm, where she was a partner. [PAR] The shredding started after the Clintons' involvement in the troubled Whitewater real estate company was revealed, but there is no information about what documents were being destroyed. Unfortunately for Mr and Mrs Clinton the White House record of deviousness over the affair is so well-established that everything they now do is regarded with suspicion. [PAR] More about:[DOC] [TLE] Reason to Revisit the Clintons' Whitewater ScandalReason to Revisit the Clintons' Whitewater Scandal [PAR] Reason to Revisit the Clintons' Whitewater Scandal [PAR] Tuesday, 08 Mar 2016 11:12 AM More Posts by Tom Fitton [PAR] Close [PAR] A A [PAR] [PAR] Hillary Clinton’s current legal predicaments caused by her email misconduct may be a surprise to some Americans. But it isn’t surprising to Judicial Watch. [PAR] Last week we released an unprecedented accounting of the evidence that would have been used at a criminal trial against Hillary Clinton in the Whitewater case. [PAR] The April 1998 memo by the Office of Independent Counsel, titled “HRC Order of Proof,” includes the names of 121 witnesses, discussions of evidence, and aspects of grand | Which First Lady had to give evidence over the Whitewater scandal? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] 1977 US Open Golf Tournament - Golf Compendium1977 US Open Golf Tournament [PAR] The 1977 U.S. Open was the 77th time the tournament was played. [PAR] Winner: Hubert Green, 278 [PAR] Where it was played: Southern Hills Country Club in Tulsa, Oklahoma [PAR] Tournament dates: June 16-19, 1977 [PAR] Leader after first round: Larry Nelson, Tom Purtzer, Grier Jones, Florentino Molina, Hubert Green, Rod Funseth and Terry Diehl, 69 [PAR] Leader after second round: Hubert Green, 136 [PAR] Leader after third round: Hubert Green, 208 [PAR] Notable Notes: Hubert Green held a one-stroke lead entering the final round. But after making birdies on holes 12 and 14, Green was informed that a death threat had been made against him by phone, the caller saying he was going to shoot Green on the course. Was it a serious threat? It was taken seriously, anyway: police walked along with Green, and Green walked apart from his fellow competitors. How did Green react? He birdied the two holes immediately after being informed of the threat and won by a stroke. [PAR] Final Scores[DOC] [TLE] 1977 U.S. Open (golf)The 1977 U.S. Open was the 77th U.S. Open, held June 16–19 at Southern Hills Country Club in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Hubert Green won the first of his two major titles, one stroke ahead of runner-up Lou Graham, the 1975 champion. [PAR] Green began the final round with the lead, but 11 players were within three shots. Graham made a charge on the back nine, collecting birdies at 12, 14, 15, and 16 en route to a 68 (–2) and a 279 (–1) total. With four holes to play, Green needed to play even-par to win the championship. As he stepped off the 14th green, however, he was approached by tournament officials and a lieutenant with the Tulsa police, who told him that they had received a phone call threatening to assassinate Green while he played the 15th hole. Green decided to play on, then proceeded to hit his drive into a tree--which probably saved it from going out of bounds. He managed to hit his approach to 35 ft and two-putt for par without incident. Green birdied the 16th and took a two-stroke lead to the 18th tee. Although he struggled on the hole, he managed to make a 4-footer for bogey and the victory. [PAR] This year marked the final U.S. Open appearance by Sam Snead, two-time champion Julius Boros, and Tommy Bolt, who had won the 1958 Open at Southern Hills. All three received exemptions by the USGA, and all three missed the cut. This was the first time that the television broadcast of the U.S. Open covered all 18 holes of the final round. [PAR] It was the third major championship at Southern Hills; it previously hosted the U.S. Open in 1958 and the PGA Championship in 1970. The U.S. Open returned in 2001 and the PGA Championship in 1982, 1994, and 2007. [PAR] Past champions in the field [PAR] Made the cut [PAR] Missed the cut [PAR] Source: [PAR] Round summaries [PAR] First round [PAR] Thursday, June 16, 1977 [PAR] Second round [PAR] Friday, June 17, 1977 [PAR] Amateurs: Miller (+6), Fought (+7), Zabel (+9), Sander (+14), Choate (+15), Sonnier (+15), Cook (+16), King (+16), Gregg (+20), Rheim (+29). [PAR] Third round [PAR] Saturday, June 18, 1977 [PAR] Final round [PAR] Sunday, June 19, 1977 [PAR] Amateurs: Lindy Miller (+19), John Fought (+22) | Where was golf's 1977 US Open held? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] International Car Shipping from USA | Overseas Auto TransportGet Your Free Quote! [PAR] International Car Shipping [PAR] Whether you are moving overseas and bringing your vehicle or just bought a new car at auction and want to send it back home, our team of international car shipping specialists will get your vehicle to its final destination safely and at a great rate. [PAR] We make it easy regardless of your vehicle's location and final destination by offering multiple services including shared containers, sole use 20ft and 40ft containers and air freight. [PAR] **Make sure to understand the differences when it comes to selecting an overseas car shipping method. For example, consider roll on roll off vs container car shipping . [PAR] Why Ship Your Car With Schumacher Cargo? [PAR] As a fully licensed and bonded international NVOCC freight forwarder with over 38 years of experience sending cars worldwide, we have distinguished ourselves as the premier independent international car shipper in the USA. [PAR] If it has wheels, we can move it. We've been shipping cars internationally for over three decades. It's our passion and why we offer highly competitive international car shipping rates, continue to grow our network, and find ways to ship more efficiently and cost effectively for clients. [PAR] So whether you are looking for online quotations, researching or just have some common questions, you can find everything you need in later sections. [PAR] Secure Vehicle Transport and Major Destinations [PAR] Whether it is a car, truck, motorcycle, ATV or moped, one of the most important stages of international vehicle shipping is securing the vehicle for transit. [PAR] Our warehouse crews are professionally trained and have years of experience. Additionally, our team only uses specialized equipment when shipping vehicles. [PAR] Once it arrives at one of our warehouses, a full and complete dock receipt is issued. We also take pictures of your automobile, which you can view online and use our 24/7 online tracking. [PAR] Where do you need to transport your automobile? High volume destinations include: [PAR] Europe [PAR] Saudi Arabia [PAR] Kuwait [PAR] For a full list of destinations, call us or use our quote form to select a final destination. [PAR] **For information on bringing a car back with you or importing, visit our resource on importing a car to USA . [PAR] Our Auto Shipping Service Offers [PAR] Inland transport to warehouse closest to departure port [PAR] Storage while awaiting consolidation [PAR] Inspection report and full dock receipt [PAR] U.S customs clearance and paperwork [PAR] 24/7 online tracking [PAR] How much does it cost to ship a car overseas? [PAR] Your international car shipping cost will vary based on three main factors:1) Location of vehicle 2) Size/Dimensions 3) Final destination requirements. [PAR] So as you can imagine, each shipment varies. It depends on where, when, how, how much, and a lot of other variables. [PAR] As an example, it might cost $950 to ship a car to Europe in a shared container from the east coast, but shipping a car overseas in its own 20 foot container can cost twice that amount. [PAR] But you won't get an accurate rate without submitting the details listed above and it is is highly likely that it will change if you come across a price that looks to good to be true. [PAR] To find out more about the various service levels available and your car shipping price, call us and speak with one of our auto transport specialists or complete our quick quote form to get your custom rate. [PAR] Shipping a Car Overseas Requirements [PAR] Your Keys - We require that clients leave their keys with us when the vehicle is ready for transport and based on experience, we recommend making a spare set of keys to the ignition, trunk, gas cap and other compartment that locks if they require different ones. [PAR] Registration and Title - Have your documents ready. They'll be needed to get your car in and out of the ports. We need the originals. [PAR] You can make copies and we will send the originals to the destination agent who will give them back to you upon handover of your vehicle. [PAR] Creditor/Lessor notarized statement - If the automobile is currently financed or under a lease, a notarized statement is | Vehicles from which country use the international registration letters KWT? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Airline Information - Kelling AirportAirline Information - Kelling Airport [PAR] Airline Information [PAR] Kelling Airport [PAR] Airline Information [PAR] Laker Airways was a wholly private, British independent airline founded by Sir Freddie Laker in 1966. It originally was a charter airlineflying passengers and cargo worldwide. Its head office was located at London Gatwick Airport in Crawley, England.[1] [PAR] It became the first long-haul, low-cost, "no frills" airline in 1977, operating low-fare scheduled services between London Gatwick Airport and New York's John F. Kennedy Airport. The company did not survive the recession of the early 1980s and operated its last flight on February 5, 1982, the day it went bankrupt. [PAR] The formative yearsBAC One-Eleven in 1977Freddie Laker unveiled his airline — Laker Airways — to the press in February 1966.[2] The airline commenced commercial operations from its London Gatwick Airport base on 29 July 1966 with two former British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) Bristol Britannia 102 seriesturboprops, initially operating under contract to Air France.[3][4][5][6] The aircraft's livery was a combination of black, red and white — an adaptation of Laker's racing colours.[7] The Britannias were supplemented and eventually replaced by five BAC One-Eleven 300 short-haul jet aircraft from December 1967. This included an initial order for three aircraft valued at £4 million.[2] Laker had placed this order directly with the manufacturer in 1966. He provided more than £200,000 of his own money for the newly ordered aircraft's deposits and arranged for the remainder to be borrowed from a consortium of City banks led by Clydesdale Bank.[2][8] He placed a follow-on order for a fourth aircraft to be delivered in 1968 and acquired another relatively new aircraft that was originally delivered to the failed British Eagle airline from Bahamas Airways in 1971.[9][10][11] These were the mainstay of the fleet for its short to medium-haul charter operations to holiday resorts in theMediterranean and the Canary Islands for many years. [PAR] New commercial developmentsThe introduction of several new, short-haul jetliners into a small airline's fleet over a short time necessitated more efficient marketing. Laker Airways came up with a 30% discount offer to encourage tour operators to charter the airline's aircraft during the winter trough and a "time charter". The former helped create winter traffic to popular Mediterranean resorts while the latter gave tour operators financial incentives to charter an aircraft's capacity for an entire season.[12][13][14] This ensured the fleet was fully utilised throughout the year, smoothing out the peaks and troughs that characterise charter airlines. It also enabled the airline to sell its One-Eleven capacity two years ahead of delivery, thereby helping make Laker Airways the most profitable charter airline of its era in Britain.[15] [PAR] An overseas baseAugust 1968 saw the establishment of its first overseas base at Tegel Airport in what used to be West Berlin. The company had up to three BAC One-Elevens stationed there[16] until 1981 when these aircraft were replaced with one of its three newly acquired Airbus A300 B4 series widebodies, at the time the largest aircraft operated out of any Berlin airport.[17] Its Berlin operation was staffed by 90, mainly local workers. Throughout this period, it carried thousands of holidaymakers from the Western parts of the formerly divided German capital to resorts in the Mediterranean and Canary Islands. [PAR] Branching out into the ground handling businessIn 1972, Laker Airways co-founded Gatwick Handling, a Gatwick handling agent that has become part of the Aviance group, with Dan-Air. Each airline owned 50% of Gatwick Handling at its inception.[18] [PAR] Cost savingLaker Airways pioneered cost-saving to reduce its engines' wear and tear, reduce fuel consumption, and achieve greater range than indicated by the manufacturers' range specifications. [PAR] Reduced thrust take-off techniqueLaker Airways was first to use the reduced thrust take- | Who launched the short-lived Skytrain air service? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Natan The Liar | Barry ChamishNatan The Liar | Barry Chamish [PAR] Natan The Liar [PAR] - by Barry Chamish ©, Jan. 24th, 2005 [PAR] I was contacted by two distinguished Russian-Israelis last week, (Jan. 05). First, the respected journalist Effie Maideneck made a pitch to me to investigate the harassment of a "truthseeker like me," Dr. Yuli Nudelman. Then I was honored with three e-mails from the revered former Prisoner of Zion, Ida Nudel. She also wrote, "Yuli needs help." (Mrs. Nudel's correspondence will follow this article).. [PAR] Dr. Yuli Nudelman is the former chief surgeon of Rambam Hospital. In the 1960s he was a leader of the movement to allow Soviet Jews to emigrate to Israel. When the Soviets released him, he quickly made his mark in Israel as a major in the IDF, awarded for his battlefield surgery, then as a crusader against local medical corruption. He was a columnist for the left wing crusading newsmagazine HaOlam HaZeh and later the author of two powerful books exposing serious malpractice in the Israeli medical system. [PAR] In 1999 he released a book in Hebrew and Russian called, [PAR] Sharansky Unmasked [PAR] . Within, he claimed that Natan Sharansky, then Housing Minister, was a longtime KGB agent with deep ties to the worldwide Russian mafia. Soon after its release, Sharansky sued Dr. Nudelman for libel and the Jerusalem district court ruled that he had to pay Sharansky the unheard of compensation of nearly $200,000. This was widely acknowledged as a precedent aimed at restricting the most basic rights of freedom of expression. Dr. Nudelman's brother Boris was also his partner in the Sharansky research project and he died, overcome by the injustice of the trial. [PAR] On Jan. 20, Dr. Nudelman met me at my home for an intense interview. He also gave me his book on Sharansky and a thick stack of evidence which left me convinced of the veracity of his claims. I warn my readers that you will find the following report discouraging. However, I have long warned that the leadership of the Jewish people has been thoroughly infiltrated by frauds and criminals claiming they are working on our behalf. That Sharansky is just another crook serving ugly interests should not come as that much of a surprise. [PAR] Before presenting the quite shocking evidence, we begin with my interview of Dr. Nudelman: [PAR] YN - In 1962, the KGB initiated a program of dissidence against the Soviet Union. By running the dissident groups, it could control the various factions which were dissatisfied with Soviet repression and later utilize the leaders as agents in the West. They were known as, spies of influence. By appearing to be anti-Soviet they were welcomed abroad and trusted. They could worm themselves into the top echelons of foreign governments. Sharansky was one of these agents, and possibly the most successful. [PAR] BC - But wasn't he a Zionist leader in the Soviet Union? Didn't he spend eight years in prison for his activities? [PAR] YN - He was never a leader. He was unknown to most of us until the Western media turned him into a hero. He supposedly spent seven years in jail and one year in a prison camp. No one saw him in jail except Mendelevich, and he claims he only saw his eyes through a peephole. Understand this, there is not one witness to him sitting in jail. He spent a year in a prison camp as a hut commander. That was the position given to KGB informers. [PAR] BC - But what about his wife Avital, who fought for his freedom in Israel? [PAR] YN - All a KGB show, like her supposed conversion to Judaism in 1974. She is from a family of spies. Her brother Michael was sent to Washington to infiltrate the CIA. He got into trouble there and fled to Israel. Not long after he arrived, he was poisoned to death at | Natan Sharansky was released from prison in the USSR to begin a new life where? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] She Aint Worth It - Glenn Medeiros / Bobby Brown 12 ...She Aint Worth It - Glenn Medeiros / Bobby Brown 12": Amazon.co.uk: Music [PAR] She Aint Worth It - Glenn Medeiros / Bobby Brown 12" [PAR] 1 used from £5.96 [PAR] See all buying options [PAR] 12" LONDON, LONX, 265 Picture Sleeve 4 Mix Title She Aint Worth It [PAR] Customer Reviews [PAR] There are no customer reviews yet. [PAR] 5 star [PAR] Unlimited One-Day Delivery and more [PAR] Prime members also enjoy exclusive access to movies and TV shows, two million songs and much more.[DOC] [TLE] Amazon.com: The Definitive Collection: Bobby Brown: MP3 ...Amazon.com: The Definitive Collection: Bobby Brown: MP3 Downloads [PAR] TITLE added to MP3 cart [PAR] The Definitive Collection [PAR] MP3 Music, March 14, 2006 [PAR] "Please retry" [PAR] Your Amazon Music account is currently associated with a different marketplace. To enjoy Prime Music, go to Your Music Library and transfer your account to Amazon.com (US). [PAR] Fix in Music Library [PAR] Sold by Amazon Digital Services LLC. Additional taxes may apply. By placing your order, you agree to our Terms of Use . [PAR] Related Video Shorts [PAR] Customers Also Bought These Albums [PAR] Page 1 of 1 Start over Page 1 of 1 [PAR] Original Release Date: January 1, 2006 [PAR] Release Date: March 14, 2006 [PAR] Label: Geffen [PAR] Copyright: ℗© 2006 Geffen Records [PAR] Record Company Required Metadata: Music file metadata contains unique purchase identifier. Learn more . [PAR] Total Length: 1:17:24 [PAR] A Kid's Review on March 18, 2006 [PAR] Format: Audio CD [PAR] {THE BEST BOBBY BROWN COLLECTION TO DATE}. [PAR] [THE SONG'S ON THIS CD ARE]: [PAR] 1.MR. TELEPHONE MAN [PAR] 15.THATS THE WAY LOVE IS [PAR] 16.YOU DON'T HAVE TO WORRY [PAR] 17.FEELIN' INSIDE [PAR] [NOW LISTEN TO THEM,ENJOY THEM & BLAST THEM] ! [PAR] {THE BIG~DOG/SLOW~JAM MASTER}/[MELBOURNE,FLORIDA] [PAR] 6 people found this helpful. Was this review helpful to you? Yes No Sending feedback... [PAR] Thank you for your feedback. [PAR] Sorry, we failed to record your vote. Please try again [PAR] By Preston on April 4, 2006 [PAR] Format: Audio CD [PAR] This is far better than Greatest Hits that came out on MCA in 2000! They dug deeper to find Bobby Brown's best songs. Yes, the album songs, but his songs with New Edition, Glenn Medieros (where is he now?), Ja Rule and Whitney Houston. His duet with Whitney, 1992's Something in Common is very funky and probably might have encouraged Whitney to get out of big ballad hell a little bit for her 1998 album. The Glenn Medieros dance heavy song has more meat when Bobby hits his raps in the middle. Bobby's own hits of Don't Be Cruel, Prerogative, On Our Own, Get Away, Humpin Around, That's the Way Love Is, Feelin' Inside, Roni, Rock'Wit Cha and others still hold up today with their funky grooves and smooth feels. Even Bobby sounds strong on Ja Rule's song, a smart mix of Ja's macho rapping and Bobby's superb singing in the same song. It matches quite well with Bobby's bad boy image. I'd rather hear Bobby's music than his troubles with the law. He's currently recording a new album and I can't wait to hear how that sounds! I think he's hungry to get back out there while we listen to this wonderful collection of hits. It took a reality show to get his name back out there, but it will take his music to get Bobby Brown back on top again! [PAR] Comment 3 people found this helpful. Was this review helpful to you? Yes No Sending feedback... [PAR] Thank you for your feedback. [PAR] Sorry, we failed to record your vote. Please try again [PAR] By Josephll on March 20, 2006 [PAR] Format: Audio CD [PAR] There is no doubt that Bobby Brown is a great artist, but unfortunately he may be remembered as Mr | Who featured with Bobby Brown on the No 1 She Ain't Worth It? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] 1929’s record-setting endurance flights — General Aviation ...1929’s record-setting endurance flights — General Aviation News [PAR] 1929’s record-setting endurance flights [PAR] May 10, 2015 [PAR] by Dennis Parks [PAR] The 1920s saw many records set for altitude, speed, endurance and range, but they were destined to be only fleeting. The records fell quickly due to the development of better aircraft and engines. [PAR] January 1929 began the year with an achievement that many thought would never be exceeded anytime in the near future — the epic six day flight of the Question Mark. [PAR] The Question Mark was a modified Fokker transport aircraft that was flown to a refueled endurance record by US Army aviators. The flight established new world records for sustained flight, refueled flight, and distance. [PAR] The US Army Fokker transport Question Mark set an endurance refueling record in January 1929, only to have it shattered numerous times during the year. Photo courtesy Dennis Parks [PAR] Taking off from Los Angeles Metropolitan Field on Jan. 1, 1929, the Question Mark stayed aloft for 150 hours and 40 minutes, landing back at Los Angeles nearly a week later. [PAR] Aero Digest reported that “in view of present design and construction of aircraft and power plants that the record represented the maximum number of hours a plane could remain in continuous flight.” [PAR] But the Question Mark record was not the end-all. There would be nearly 40 civilian attempts to set a new endurance record with refueling during the remainder of the year. Four of these attempts set new world’s records. [PAR] FORT WORTH [PAR] The flight of the Question Mark fired up fliers with enthusiasm for duration flights. In May two Texas pilots, James Kelly and Reginald Robbins, reconditioned a Ryan B-1 Brougham cabin monoplane named Fort Worth. This was an aircraft that had already flown 50,000 miles and had a second-hand Wright Whirlwind engine that had run 500 hours. [PAR] Both pilots were hardly more than amateurs, Kelly being a former cowboy and Robbins a former railroad mechanic. It was considered at the time a rather brash attempt to exceed the world’s record of the Question Mark, which had been piloted by experienced fliers backed by the resources of the US Army. [PAR] On May 19 the pilots departed Meacham Field in Fort Worth just before noon. They took off with 250 gallons of gas, planning to be refueled twice a day from another Brougham. Twice a day Kelley crawled out on an 8-inch catwalk to grease the rocker arms of the engine. During one of these times the buckle of his safety belt nicked the wooden propeller. This nick developed into a crack that enlarged during a rain storm. [PAR] After exceeding the Question Mark’s record, it was thought the pilots would land, but they kept at it until the vibration of the engine became so violent they decided to land rather than risk a crash. [PAR] On the morning of May 26 they had flown exactly for a week. The flight was concluded after establishing what was a remarkable world’s refueled record of 172 hours, 32 minutes, and one second. However, their record had but a short life — it was beaten the following month. [PAR] CITY OF CLEVELAND [PAR] In Cleveland at the end of June two pilots, Bryon Newcomb and Roy Mitchell, mounted an attempt to top the Fort Worth’s record. For their effort they used a Wright Whirlwind-powered Stinson Detroiter monoplane named City of Cleveland. They took off from the Cleveland airport on June 28, with their eyes set on the 172-hour record of the Texas fliers. [PAR] Few thought they would surpass the Fort Worth record, but as they continued in the air, day by day, public interest grew. At first they had discouraging weather conditions, but by July 2 the weather was clearing as they passed the half-way mark. [PAR] They had another problem as the refueling plane, called the “Flying Milk Wagon,” crashed, but a new plane was rigged up in time to fly more gasoline to the City of Cleveland. [PAR] On midnight of the eighth day, nerves frayed and bodies exhausted, Mitchell and Newcomb landed their Stinson at | What was the name of the US army airplane which flew a record 150 hours non-stop in 1929? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Jonas Salk - NNDBJonas Salk [PAR] Jonas Salk [PAR] Nationality: United States [PAR] Executive summary: Discoverer of the first polio vaccine [PAR] American physician and epidemiologist Jonas Salk developed the first effective vaccine against poliomyelitis (polio), a crippling disease that killed more than 3,000 Americans at the epidemic's peak in 1952, and left many thousands more crippled or paralyzed. Salk began his research into polio in 1947, and tested his inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) or "killed-virus" polio vaccine in the early 1950s. The vaccine retained enough virulence to cause antibodies to be produced and thus immunize the shot's recipient, but not enough virulence to risk infection. Salk declined to have his vaccine patented, believing that royalties and profits would raise the cost and make the medicine unavailable to the poor. The vaccine was approved for public use on 12 April 1955. [PAR] Salk's finding made him a celebrity far beyond scientific circles, and led to complaints from colleagues that he had overrated his own contribution to the effort. His work was also deemed controversial because it had been lavishly funded by the March of Dimes' brilliant advertising campaign, far in excess of more common diseases including cancer and heart disease. All controversy aside, however, the vaccine created by Salk and his team reduced the instance of polio among American children by more than 90%, a decline that accelerated with the introduction of Albert Sabin 's "live-virus" oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) in the 1960. [PAR] In 1959, Salk began planning what became the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, designed by architect Louis Kahn and constructed near San Diego. Opened in 1963, it remains one of the world's most prestigious facilities for research into AIDS, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and plant biology. He was born Jonas Salk, and legally added the middle name Edward prior to his first marriage in 1939. His brother, child psychologist Lee Salk, showed in 1960 that the sound of a mother's heartbeat calms a newborn infant. His second wife was the painter Fran�oise Gilot, who had been Pablo Picasso 's lover and mother of two of his children. Her biography of Picasso became a best-seller, after the artist unsuccessfully sued to block its publication.[DOC] [TLE] Dr. Jonas Salk, Whose Vaccine Turned Tide on Polio, Dies at 80Dr. Jonas Salk, Whose Vaccine Turned Tide on Polio, Dies at 80 [PAR] Dr. Jonas Salk, Whose Vaccine Turned Tide on Polio, Dies at 80 [PAR] By HAROLD M. SCHMECK Jr. [PAR] Dr. Jonas Salk, who in the 1950's developed the first successful vaccine against poliomyelitis, the viral illness that had gripped a fearful nation with images of children doomed to death or paralysis, died yesterday at Green Hospital in the La Jolla section of San Diego. He was 80. [PAR] The cause was heart failure, said a spokeswoman for the Salk Institute, which Dr. Salk had established to carry out medical research. [PAR] As an intense 40-year-old scientist, Dr. Salk became a revered medical figure upon the announcement in 1955 that his new polio vaccine was safe and effective. It was a turning point in the fight against a disease that condemned some victims to live the rest of their lives in tanklike breathing machines called iron lungs and placed sunny swimming holes off limits to children because of parents' fears of contagion. [PAR] The Salk vaccine changed medical history, preventing many thousands of cases of crippling illness and saving thousands of lives. In the United States, the vaccine soon ended the yearly threat of epidemics and the toll of paralysis and death. [PAR] In the five years before 1955, when mass inoculations with the vaccine began, cases of paralytic polio averaged about 25,000 a year in the United States. A few years after polio vaccination became routine, the annual number of cases dropped to a dozen or so, sometimes fewer. In 1969 not a single death from polio was reported in the nation, the first such year on record, and now the disease is on the verge of being eradicated worldwide. [PAR] Success against polio was a critical event in the dawning of the modern era of vaccine development, which has been marked by effective preventatives | Jonas Salk developed the Salk vaccine against which disease? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Ten famous pop art artists : BrobasTen famous pop art artists | Brobas [PAR] Ten famous pop art artists [PAR] Saturday, August 18, 2012 · Posted in History [PAR] The pop art movement that began in the 1950s was governed by the creative thinking of many pop art artists. Together forming the Independent Group, these artists went against the high brow culture of art to make it more accessible to the masses. In this article, we introduce to the ten most famous names in the world of pop-art. While there have been many artists who have added impetus to the movement, time after time, these names are important for they introduced fresh styles and increased the reach and acceptance levels of this art form. [PAR] Andy Warhol [PAR] Andy Warhol (August 6, 1928 – February 22, 1987) was an American artist who was a leading figure in the visual art movement known as pop art. His works explore the relationship between artistic expression, celebrity culture and advertisement that flourished by the 1960s. After a successful career as a commercial illustrator, Warhol became a renowned and sometimes controversial artist. The Andy Warhol Museum in his native city, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, holds an extensive permanent collection of art and archives. It is the largest museum in the United States of America dedicated to a single artist. [PAR] Andy Warhol (né Andrej Varchola, Jr.) was born on August 6, 1928 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He was the fourth child of Ondrej Varchola (1889-1942)(americanized as Andrew Warhola,Sr.) and Júlia (née Zavacká, 1892–1972),[4] whose first child was born in their homeland and died before their move to the U.S. Andy had two older brothers Paul, born about 1923 and John born about 1925. [PAR] His parents were working-class Rusyn emigrants from Mikó (now called Miková), located in today’s northeastern Slovakia, part of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire. Warhol's father immigrated to the US in 1914, and his mother joined him in 1921, after the death of Warhol's grandparents. Warhol's father worked in a coal mine. The family lived at 55 Beelen Street and later at 3252 Dawson Street in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh. The family was Byzantine Catholic and attended St. John Chrysostom Byzantine Catholic Church. Andy Warhol had two older brothers – Pavol (Paul), the oldest, was born in Slovakia; Ján was born in Pittsburgh. Pavol's son, James Warhola, became a successful children's book illustrator. About 1939, he starts collecting autographed cards of film stars. [PAR] In third grade, Warhol had chorea, the nervous system disease that causes involuntary movements of the extremities, which is believed to be a complication of scarlet fever and causes skin pigmentation blotchiness. He became a hypochondriac, developing a fear of hospitals and doctors. Often bedridden as a child, he became an outcast at school and bonded with his mother. At times when he was confined to bed, he drew, listened to the radio and collected pictures of movie stars around his bed. Warhol later described this period as very important in the development of his personality, skill-set and preferences. When Warhol was 13, his father died in an accident. [PAR] As a teenager, Warhol graduated from Schenley High School in the year 1945. Though not medically diagnosed, Andy had dyslexia, which contributed to broadening his imagination for art. He perceived the world differently from other artists, who did not have this disorder, which was somewhat of a underlying gift. After graduating from high school, his intentions were to study art education at the University of Pittsburgh in hopes of becoming an art teacher, but his plans changed to enrolling in the Carnegie Institute of Technology to pursue an art career as a commercial illustrator. In 1949, he earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Graphic Design. [PAR] By the beginning of the 1960s, Warhol had become a very successful commercial illustrator. His detailed and elegant drawings for I. Miller shoes were particularly popular. They consisted mainly of "blotted ink" drawings (or monoprints), a technique which he applied in much of his early art. Although many artists of this period worked in | Which pop artist died in New York in1987? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Maurice Greene - Bio, Facts, Family | Famous BirthdaysMaurice Greene - Bio, Facts, Family | Famous Birthdays [PAR] Maurice Greene [PAR] Leo Runner#11 [PAR] About [PAR] Sprinter who won two gold medals at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, for the 100M and the 4x100M relay. [PAR] Before Fame [PAR] He won his first World Championship gold medal in 1997 in Athens, and won three more in 1999 in Seville. [PAR] Trivia [PAR] On June 16, 1999 in Athens, he set the world record for the 100M, running it in just 9.79 seconds.[DOC] [TLE] Maurice Greene 100m WR 9.79 - Athens 1999 - YouTubeMaurice Greene 100m WR 9.79 - Athens 1999 - YouTube [PAR] Maurice Greene 100m WR 9.79 - Athens 1999 [PAR] Want to watch this again later? [PAR] Sign in to add this video to a playlist. [PAR] Need to report the video? [PAR] Sign in to report inappropriate content. [PAR] Rating is available when the video has been rented. [PAR] This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. [PAR] Uploaded on Sep 15, 2006 [PAR] The quality is poor sorry, gotta find a better one [PAR] Athens, 1999, June 16th [PAR] Maurice Greene lowers the world record by 0.05 seconds!! running in 9.79 (+0.1 wind) and beating Donovan Bailey's former record of 9.84 set in Atlanta games. [PAR] This record would stay for 3 years until Montgomery's 9.78, but Montgomery's record has been retroactively disqualified. So we have to wait 2005 and Asafa Powell to run in 9.77 in Athens. [PAR] Category[DOC] [TLE] Tyson Gay Speakers Bureau: Biography, Booking Fees and ...Tyson Gay Speakers Bureau: Booking Agency Info on Tyson Gay [PAR] Speaker Travels From: Louisville - KY [PAR] Fastest in America [PAR] Tyson Gay said he made a misjudgment in when he decided to slow up in his preliminary round race of the 100m at the 2008 U.S. Olympic Trials. The decision nearly cost him a spot in the quarterfinals. But Gay took no chances in the next round, blazing his way to victory in his heat in 9.77 seconds. That time broke Maurice Greene's American record of 9.79 set in Athens in 1999 as well as Greene's Olympic Trials record set in 2004, 9.91. It also makes Gay the third-fastest man with the fourth-fastest time of all time. [PAR] Fastest of all time [PAR] For an encore the following day at the Olympic Trials, Gay won his semifinal heat in a wind-legal 9.85. In the final, he blasted his way to victory in 9.68 seconds. While technically faster than the world record of 9.72, the time will not count toward records because the wind reading with 4.1 meters per second. However, no man has ever run the 100m faster regardless of conditions. The previous best of 9.69 was turned in by Obadele Thompson in April 1996. The tailwind that day was 5.7 mps. [PAR] Double denied [PAR] Gay's dream of a sprint double at the Games was dashed when he pulled up with a hamstring cramp during his quarterfinal heat of the 200m at the Olympic Trials in Eugene. Gay was about 40 meters into the race when he went down clutching the back of his left thigh. He was wheeled off the track on a stretcher and given treatment. An MRI later in the day revealed the extent of the injury not to be devastating. Gay rested the leg for two weeks and resumed training for Beijing. [PAR] Fastest in the world: 100m [PAR] Gay placed fifth in the 100m semifinals at the 2004 U.S. Olympic Trials just months after winning the 2004 NCAA 100m title. But in his mind, it was only a matter of time until he became the fastest man in the world. That moment came at the 2007 World Championships, where he finished in 9.85 seconds. His time was just shy of the season's fastest, 9.84 seconds, which Gay set while defending his title at the U.S. Nationals. The final race at the '07 Worlds also featured former world record holder Asafa Powell of Jamaica, who appeared to give up at the end and finished third. It was the first -- and much-anticipated -- showdown | Where did Maurice Green set his 9.79 seconds for the 100m in 1999? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] America's First Weather Satellite - Farmers' AlmanacAmerica's First Weather Satellite - Farmers' Almanac [PAR] “Why Can’t I Get That Song Out of My Head?” Solving The Mystery of Earworms [PAR] This week, we celebrate fiftieth anniversary of the world’s first successful weather satellite launch. NASA used a Thor Able rocket to launch TIROS-1 (Television Infrared Observation Satellite), from Cape Canaveral, Fl., on April 1, 1960, at 6:40 a.m., EST. The satellite sent the first TV images to the Earth from space, changing forever the way meteorologists predicted the weather. [PAR] Though the term “satellite” may conjure up images of a complicated piece of space age wizardly, TIROS-1 was made from a simple aluminum and stainless steel drum. It measured only 42 inches across and 19 inches high, and weighed 270 pounds. It contained two TV cameras, which sent images back to the ground station at Fort Monmouth, New Jersey, and was powered by 9,200 solar cells mounted on the outside of the drum. Five antennas were needed to communicate with the ground station, one to receive control signals from the ground, and another four to transmit images back to Earth. [PAR] The first pictures it transmitted showed the Atlantic Coast, from New England to the Canadian Maritime Provinces. The images clearly showed cloud patterns forming and moving through the Earth’s atmosphere, proving the theory that satellites could survey the weather from space. [PAR] TIROS-1 functioned for only 78 days — it had been designed to remain operational for 93 days — and could only operate during daylight hours. In that time, though, it sent thousands of useful pictures. [PAR] Over the following five years, NASA continued to launch successive TIROS weather satellites — ten in all — into orbit. Though none of them remain functional, nine out of the 10 TIROS series satellites are still in orbit today. [PAR] One weather satellite model was launched more than a year earlier than TIROS-1. The Vanguard 2, was sent into orbit on February 17, 1959, but unlike TIROS-1, it failed to collect much usable weather data. [PAR] Today, weather satellites are one of the primary ways meteorologists predict the weather. Satellite images from space are the source of those moving cloud animations you see on televised weather reports. We’ve come a long way since TIROS-1, though. Today’s weather satellites are designed to last for many years, and use special instruments, instead of TV cameras, to record infrared, microwave or other kinds of radiation. This more sophisticated technology allows them to operate around the clock, and to transmit more accurate information than TIROS could. [PAR] Jaime McLeod is a longtime journalist who has written for a wide variety of newspapers, magazines, and websites, including MTV.com. She enjoys the outdoors, growing and eating organic food, and is interested in all aspects of natural wellness. [PAR] Articles you might also like... [PAR] Current Moon Phase[DOC] [TLE] 50th Anniversary of the Satellite that “Forever Changed ...NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - 50th Anniversary of the Satellite that “Forever Changed Weather Forecasting” [PAR] 50th Anniversary of the Satellite that “Forever Changed Weather Forecasting” [PAR] NOAA-NASA Partnership Fostering Better Understanding Of Our Changing Planet [PAR] April 1, 2010 [PAR] High resolution (Credit: NASA) [PAR] Fifty years ago today, the world’s first weather satellite lifted off from Cape Canaveral, Fla., and opened a new and exciting dimension in weather forecasting. Top leaders from NOAA and NASA hailed the milestone as an example of their agencies’ strong partnership and commitment to flying the best satellites today and beyond. [PAR] The first image from the satellite, known as TIROS-1 (Television Infrared Observation Satellite), was a fuzzy picture of thick bands and clusters of clouds over the United States. An image captured a few days later revealed a typhoon about a 1,000 miles east of Australia. TIROS-1, a polar-orbiting satellite, weighed 270 pounds and carried two cameras and two video recorders. Though the satellite only lasted 78 days, its impact is still visible today. [PAR] “This satellite forever changed weather forecasting | What was the name of the first weather satellite? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) | ConocoPhillips AlaskaTrans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) | ConocoPhillips Alaska [PAR] Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) [PAR] X [PAR] What We Do [PAR] ConocoPhillips has a long and proud history in Alaska as the state’s largest oil and gas producer. [PAR] Oil Production [PAR] Policy reform leading to new investment, a stronger economy, and a more prosperous future. GO [PAR] Transportation [PAR] Safely transporting oil and natural gas by pipeline & tanker to bring Alaska's resources to market. GO [PAR] Natural Gas [PAR] Before we drill, drilling and extraction, processing, what is oil used for? GO [PAR] Exploration [PAR] Dedicated to developing energy solutions for today and tomorrow . GO [PAR] Arctic Operations [PAR] Operating in the Arctic presents great opportunities along with great challenges. GO [PAR] Vendor Information [PAR] X [PAR] Sustainable Development [PAR] Conducting our business in a way that promotes economic growth, a healthy environment, and vibrant communities, now and in the future. [PAR] Environment [PAR] Committed to protecting the environment we share with all Alaskans. GO [PAR] Safety [PAR] X [PAR] In Communities [PAR] Helping improve the quality of life in the communities where we live and work is a fundamental value for us. [PAR] Community Engagement [PAR] Working diligently to build respectful relationships with our stakeholders. GO [PAR] Volunteerism & the Community [PAR] Our employees believe strongly in being involved in Alaska’s communities. GO [PAR] Community Investment [PAR] We donate millions of dollars to community organizations annually. GO [PAR] Grant Applications [PAR] Share [PAR] Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) | ConocoPhillips Alaska ConocoPhillips Alaska, Trans-Alaska Pipeline, TAPS, Prudhoe Bay, Valdez, pipeline, Alyeska, permafrost [PAR] The Trans-Alaska Pipeline System was the world's largest privately funded construction project when it was built. It includes the 800-mile-long pipeline, which runs from Prudhoe Bay to Valdez. [PAR] [PAR] The Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) was the world’s largest privately funded construction project when it was built, at a cost of $8 billion. The system includes the 800-mile-long pipeline, which runs from Prudhoe Bay to Valdez, and the Valdez Marine Terminal, where oil is loaded onto tankers for shipment to market. [PAR] The pipeline has become an engineering icon and has set a standard for design which endures to this day. Its distinctive zig-zags allow the pipe to flex in the event of an earthquake. More than half the pipeline runs above ground so that the hot oil does not melt the permafrost that is prevalent along the route. In those areas, the pipeline is elevated on 78,000 refrigerated vertical support members. Construction of the pipeline project began in April, 1974 and finished in June, 1977. A total of 70,000 people were involved in building the line. [PAR] TAPS is operated by Alyeska Pipeline Service Company (Alyeska) on behalf of its five owners; ConocoPhillips owns 29%. Alyeska also operates the Ship Escort/Response Vessel System (SERVS), helping to safely transport tankers through the Sound and providing extensive spill response preparedness. [PAR] Operations [PAR] TAPS is run from Alyeska's Operations Control Center in Anchorage and is monitored 24 hours a day, seven days a week. The pipeline is protected by three separate leak detection systems. The system includes 71 gate valves that allow operators to stop pipeline flow in four minutes.[DOC] [TLE] How Long Will The Trans-Alaska Pipeline Be Viable ...How Long Will The Trans-Alaska Pipeline Be Viable? | Alaska Public Media [PAR] How Long Will The Trans-Alaska Pipeline Be Viable? [PAR] tweet [PAR] The Trans-Alaska Pipeline System is the 800-mile long backbone of the state’s energy infrastructure. [PAR] It’s built to transport up to 2 million barrels of oil per day, but these days it carries only about a quarter of that. [PAR] With oil production at lower levels, how long will the pipeline be viable? [PAR] Alyeska Pipeline Service Company is exploring new ways to keep the system up and running. [PAR] Photo courtesy of the Department of Natural Resources. [PAR] The 36-year-old Trans-Alaska Pipeline marches south from the North Slope across squishy tundra, mighty rivers and high mountain passes on its way to Prince | What does the Transalaska Pipeline System transport? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Virgin AtlanticVirgin Atlantic, a trade name of Virgin Atlantic Airways Limited, is a British airline with its head office in Crawley, United Kingdom. The airline was established in 1984 as British Atlantic Airways, and was originally planned by its co-founders Randolph Fields and Alan Hellary to fly between London and the Falkland Islands. Soon after changing the name to Virgin Atlantic Airways, Fields sold his shares in the company after disagreements with Sir Richard Branson over the management of the company. The maiden flight from London Gatwick to Newark Liberty International Airport took place on 22 June 1984. The airline along with Virgin Holidays is controlled by a holding company, Virgin Atlantic Limited, which is 51% owned by the Virgin Group and 49% by Delta Air Lines. It is administratively separate from other Virgin-branded airlines. [PAR] Virgin Atlantic uses a mixed fleet of Airbus and Boeing wide-body aircraft and operates to destinations in North America, the Caribbean, Africa, the Middle East and Asia from its main bases at London Heathrow and London Gatwick and its secondary base at Manchester. The airline also operates flights from Glasgow and seasonal flights from Belfast. [PAR] In 2012, Virgin Atlantic carried 5.4 million passengers, making it the seventh-largest UK airline in terms of passenger volume. In the year to 31 December 2013, it reported a £51 million group pre-tax loss (approximately US$87 million), however, in the year to 31 December 2014 the airline reported a return to pre-tax profit of £14.4 million. Virgin Atlantic holds a Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) Type A Operating Licence, which permits it to carry passengers, cargo, and mail on aircraft with 20 or more seats. [PAR] History [PAR] Origins [PAR] Randolph Fields, an American-born lawyer, and Alan Hellary, a former chief pilot for Laker Airways, set up British Atlantic Airways as a successor to Laker Airways. Fields had the idea for an airline that operates between London and the Falkland Islands in June 1982, when the Falklands War had just finished. Fields needed expertise, and contacted Alan Hellary, who had also been thinking about establishing a regular commercial service to the Falklands. Hellary was in contact with colleagues out of work following the collapse of Laker Airways, and they developed the idea. [PAR] However, the short runway at Port Stanley Airport and the time it would take to improve it made the scheme unviable, so the idea of the Falklands service was dropped. Instead, Hellary and Fields tried to secure a licence from Gatwick Airport to John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City. A three-day inquiry in May 1983 rejected the application after British Airways, British Caledonian, and BAA objected. [PAR] Hellary and Fields then applied for a licence between Gatwick and Newark, using a 380-seat McDonnell Douglas DC-10. However, faced with the prospect of direct competition from People Express, a post-deregulation "no frills" discount airline at Newark, they decided to secure more funding before proceeding. [PAR] Fields met Richard Branson at a party in London during which he proposed a business partnership. After protracted and testy negotiations, Fields agreed to a reduced stake of 25% in the airline (renamed Virgin Atlantic) and became its first chairman. Following disagreements over operations, Fields agreed to be bought out for an initial sum of £1 million with further payment on Virgin's first dividend. As a result of a High Court action, this additional payment was received shortly before Fields' death in 1997. [PAR] Formative years [PAR] On 22 June 1984, Virgin Atlantic operated its inaugural scheduled service between Gatwick and Newark using a leased Boeing 747-200 (registration ), christened Maiden Voyager, formerly operated by Aerolíneas Argentinas. Part of Richard Branson's approach to business is to succeed within the first year or exit the market. This includes a one-year limit on everything associated with starting up. Virgin Atlantic became profitable within the first 12 months, aided by sister company Virgin Records' ability to finance the lease of a secondhand Boeing 747. The firm timed operations to take advantage of a full summer, from June to | From which UK airport did Virgin Atlantic flights first depart for New York-Newark? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Who Invented the Laser? - World of Famous Inventors and ...Learn More About the History of Lasers [PAR] Argon laser emitting gases in test laboratory. Getty Images: Photographer Kim Steele [PAR] Updated August 31, 2016. [PAR] The name LASER is an acronym for Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. In 1917, Albert Einstein first theorized about the process which makes lasers possible called "Stimulated Emission." [PAR] Before the Laser [PAR] In 1954, Charles Townes and Arthur Schawlow invented the maser (microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation), using ammonia gas and microwave radiation - the maser was invented before the (optical) laser. [PAR] The technology is very close but does not use a visible light. [PAR] On March 24, 1959, Charles Townes and Arthur Schawlow were granted a patent for the maser. The maser was used to amplify radio signals and as an ultrasensitive detector for space research. [PAR] In 1958, Charles Townes and Arthur Schawlow theorized and published papers about a visible laser, an invention that would use infrared and/or visible spectrum light , however, they did not proceed with any research at the time. [PAR] continue reading below our video [PAR] Should I Buy my House or Continue to Rent? [PAR] Many different materials can be used as lasers. Some, like the ruby laser, emit short pulses of laser light. Others, like helium-neon gas lasers or liquid dye lasers emit a continuous beam of light. See - How a Laser Works [PAR] Ruby Laser [PAR] In 1960, Theodore Maiman invented the ruby laser considered to be the first successful optical or light laser . [PAR] Many historians claim that Theodore Maiman invented the first optical laser, however, there is some controversy that Gordon Gould was the first. [PAR] Gordon Gould - Laser [PAR] Gordon Gould was the first person to use the word "laser". There is good reason to believe that Gordon Gould made the first light laser. Gould was a doctoral student at Columbia University under Charles Townes, the inventor of the maser. [PAR] Gordon Gould was inspired to build his optical laser starting in 1958. He failed to file for a patent his invention until 1959. As a result, Gordon Gould's patent was refused and his technology was exploited by others. It took until 1977 for Gordon Gould to finally win his patent war and receive his first patent for the laser. [PAR] Gas Laser [PAR] The first gas laser (helium neon) was invented by Ali Javan in 1960. The gas laser was the first continuous-light laser and the first to operate "on the principle of converting electrical energy to a laser light output." It has been used in many practical applications. [PAR] Robert Hall - Semiconductor Injection Laser [PAR] In 1962, Robert Hall created a revolutionary type of laser that is still used in many of the electronic appliances and communications systems that we use every day. [PAR] Kumar Patel - Carbon Dioxide Laser [PAR] The carbon dioxide laser was invented by Kumar Patel in 1964. [PAR] Hildreth "Hal" Walker - Laser Telemetry [PAR] Hildreth Walker invented laser telemetry and targeting systems.[DOC] [TLE] LaserFest | Early HistoryLaserFest | Early History [PAR] Early History [PAR] Early History [PAR] Theory [PAR] In 1917, Einstein laid the foundation for the laser when he introduced the concept of stimulated emission; where a photon interacts with an excited molecule or atom and causes the emission of a second photon having the same frequency, phase, polarization and direction. The acronym LASER stands for "Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation". [PAR] The First Laser [PAR] Dr. Theodore Maiman of Hughes Research Laboratories, with the first working laser. [PAR] Photo Credit: HRL Laboratories, LLC [PAR] Theodore Maiman developed the first working laser at Hughes Research Lab in 1960, and his paper describing the operation of the first laser was published in Nature three months later. Since then, more than 55,000 patents involving the laser have been granted in the United States. Today's laser and all of its applications are the result of not one individual's efforts, but the work of a number of prestigious scientists and engineers who were leaders in optics and photonics over the course of history. These include such great minds as Charles Townes at Columbia | Who constructed the world's first laser? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Why England Slept by Kennedy, John F - Biblio.comWhy England Slept by Kennedy, John F [PAR] Why England Slept [PAR] Kennedy, John F. [PAR] New York: Wilfred Funk, Inc, 1940. First edition. xx, 252 pp. 8vo. Publisher's rose cloth. Spine faded, light wear to spine ends. First edition. xx, 252 pp. 8vo. JFK's First Book, Inscribed to Newsman Arthur Krock. The first edition of John F. Kennedy's first book, inscribed to Arthur Krock: "To Mr. Krock. Who Baptized, Christened, and was Best Man for this book - with my sincere thanks, Jack Kennedy." Arthur Krock (1886-1974), the "Dean of Washington Newsmen," was Washington correspondent and bureau chief for the New York Times and wrote the "In the Nation" column. He was a close friend and political ally of Joe Kennedy and his children. He advised John F. Kennedy with the revisions of his 1939 senior honors paper, "Appeasement in Munich," in preparation for its publication the following year. It was Krock who suggested the new title, Why England Slept, a response to Churchill's While England Slept. Krock would continue to advise the young Kennedy, who thanked him In the Preface to Profiles in Courage. Ted Kennedy wrote admiringly of Krock in his tribute volume to his father: "Mr. Krock has long been one of the most respected newsmen and columnists in Washington. He was won two Pulitzer Prizes for his work. He met Dad [Joseph Kennedy] during the New Deal years and won his deep admiration. Mr. Krock advised President Kennedy in the writing of his first book, Why England Slept, and has been a source of valued help to my brothers and myself" (Edward Kennedy, The Fruitful Bough: A Tribute to Joseph P. Kennedy, p. 112). [With:] As We Remember Joe. Edited by John F. Kennedy. Privately Printed: Cambridge, Mass, 1945. First edition, second issue. Original burgundy cloth. Fine copy. Inscribed, "For Martha and Arthur Krock, Bob Kennedy. Christmas 1965." Krock contributed a short reminiscence of Joe Kennedy from the 1940 Democratic National Convention, pp. 39-41. KENNEDY, Robert F. The Enemy Within. Harper & Brothers: New York, 1960. First edition. Publisher's cloth. Spine faded. Inscribed, "To Arthur Krock, With the thanks and admiration of his friend, Bob Kennedy." Krock wrote the foreword to The Enemy Within. The Fruitful Bough: A Tribute to Joseph P. Kennedy. Collected by Edward M. Kennedy. Privately Printed, 1965. Original blue cloth. Some scuffing to front cover. Inscribed, "To Arthur Krock, Who helped make The Fruitful Bough possible. With appreciation. Ted Kennedy. Sept 6 1965." With carbon of typescript of Krock's contribution to the volume as submitted for editing. [PAR] Condition: Publisher's rose cloth. Spine faded, light wear to spine ends [PAR] Edition: First edition [PAR] Why England Slept. [PAR] Kennedy, John F. [PAR] New York: Wilfred Funk, Inc, 1940. First edition. Octavo, bound in full blue leather, all edges gilt. The dedication copy of John F. Kennedy's first book, Why England Slept, with Rose Kennedy's embossed name on the front panel. This copy was specially bound for the author's mother, Rose Kennedy and presented to her. This copy brought $52,900 at the Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis sale at Sotheby's in May 1996. Housed in a full dark blue morocco clamshell box. Unique. Published the year Kennedy graduated from Harvard, Why England Slept was an expansion of his senior thesis. The title is a variation on the title of Winston Churchill's work, While England Slept, published about two years before Kennedy's. It was dedicated to John's parents, Rose and Joe Kennedy. In this work he attempts to explain why England was so poorly prepared for World War II and why England's leaders settled upon the disastrous policies of appeasement. The book served as a warning to those in our country who felt that appeasing Hitler and | Which President wrote Why England Slept about the rise of Fascism? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Chris Eubank vs Reginaldo Dos Santos 22.9.1990 - YouTubeChris Eubank vs Reginaldo Dos Santos 22.9.1990 - YouTube [PAR] Chris Eubank vs Reginaldo Dos Santos 22.9.1990 [PAR] Want to watch this again later? [PAR] Sign in to add this video to a playlist. [PAR] Need to report the video? [PAR] Sign in to report inappropriate content. [PAR] Rating is available when the video has been rented. [PAR] This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. [PAR] Published on Dec 29, 2015 [PAR] WBC International Middleweight champion, Chris Eubank, takes on the Brazilian Super Middleweight champion, Reginaldo Dos Santos, in a warm up bout before his world title fight with Nigel Benn. More info below... [PAR] Chris Eubank at this point in his career was 23-0. He was the current WBC International Middleweight champion and although he had fought a few experienced fighters he had not fought anybody of note. He had earned himself however a WBO World Title shot against Nigel Benn for November 1990. [PAR] Reginaldo was 11-3 and was the reigning Brazilian Super Middleweight Champion. Since the beginning of his career, Reginaldo had boxed as various weights, anywhere from 159lbs all the way up to 175lbs. He had challenged for the Brazilian Middleweight title in 1987 and even the Brazilian Light Heavyweight title in 1988 but failed to win either, losing both on points. [PAR] The fight as you can see was over almost as quick as it began. With one counter overhand right, Reginaldo went down and couldn't get up. A very unexpected knock out from a boxer not known for his KO power. [PAR] Chris Eubank went on to beat Nigel Benn and win the WBO World Middleweight title, marking the beginning of a great era for British middleweights and super middleweights. In 1991 Eubank would win the vacant WBO World Super Middleweight title. He would remain undefeated until 1995. In 1998, Eubank twice challenged Carl Thompson for the WBO World Cruiserweight title but came up short on both occasions. He retired following these losses with a 45-5-2 record. [PAR] Reginaldo Dos Santos would lose his next 8 fights, 7 by way of KO. He lost his Brazilian Super Middleweight title in 1991 and unsuccessfully challenged for the Brazilian Cruiser Weight title in 1993. He took a 2 year hiatus from boxing and returned in 1995 to win four fights in a row, albeit against opponents with very little skill or experience. He retired in 1996 with a 15-12 record. [PAR] Category[DOC] [TLE] Chris Eubank Vs Gary Stretch Wbo ... - Boxing MemorabiliaChris Eubank Vs Gary Stretch Wbo Middleweight Championship Of The World Official Onsite Programme || Boxing Memorabilia || Champs UK [PAR] MUHAMMAD ALI [PAR] Chris Eubank vs Gary Stretch WBO Middleweight Championship of The World Official Onsite Programme [PAR] Chris Eubank vs Gary Stretch WBO middleweight championship of the World billed, "Beauty And The Best" official on-site 36 page programme, 18th April 1991, Earls Court Exhibition Hall, London. [PAR] Condition mint [PAR] Please view shipping amounts or please contact us for any other enquiries. [PAR] Shipping Amount: £ [PAR] Christopher Livingstone Eubanks (later opting to delete the 's' from his surname) was born on 8th August, 1966, in Dulwich, London and spent nearly two years in Jamaica (from two months old to two years old). On his return, he lived in Stoke Newington, Dalston, Hackney and then Peckham. He grew up in poverty. [PAR] Chris attended Bellingden Junior School, and then Thomas Carlton Secondary School from where he was suspended eighteen times in one year and then expelled. He then attended Peckham Manor School, from where he was suspended five times in four weeks and then also expelled. Chris was then put into care. [PAR] He was then placed in various institutions by the Social Services: The Hollies in Sidcup, Kent, for one month; Yastrid Hall in North Wales for one and a half years; Stanford House in Shepherds Bush for seven weeks for assessment; St. Vincent's in Dartford, Kent, for one month; Orchard Lodge, Crystal Palace, for seven weeks for assessment; Karib in Peckham, London, | At what weight did boxer Chris Eubank win the WBO title in 1990? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Live AidLive Aid was a dual-venue concert held on 13 July 1985, and an ongoing music-based fundraising initiative. The original event was organised by Bob Geldof and Midge Ure to raise funds for relief of the ongoing Ethiopian famine. Billed as the "global jukebox", the event was held simultaneously at Wembley Stadium in London, England, United Kingdom (attended by 72,000 people) and John F. Kennedy Stadium in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States (attended by about 100,000 people). [PAR] On the same day, concerts inspired by the initiative happened in other countries, such as the Soviet Union, Japan, Austria, Australia and West Germany. It was one of the largest-scale satellite link-ups and television broadcasts of all time: an estimated global audience of 1.9 billion, across 150 nations, watched the live broadcast. [PAR] Background [PAR] The 1985 Live Aid concert was conceived as a follow-on to the successful charity single "Do They Know It's Christmas?" which was also the brainchild of Geldof and Ure. In October 1984, images of millions of people starving to death in Ethiopia were shown in the UK in Michael Buerk's BBC News reports on the 1984 famine. Bob Geldof saw the report, and called Midge Ure from Ultravox, and together they quickly co-wrote the song, "Do They Know It's Christmas?" in the hope of raising money for famine relief. Geldof then contacted colleagues in the music industry and persuaded them to record the single under the title 'Band Aid' for free. On 25 November 1984, the song was recorded at Sarm West Studios in Notting Hill, London, and was released four days later. It stayed at number-one for five weeks in the UK, was Christmas number one, and became the fastest-selling single ever in Britain and raised £8 million, rather than the £70,000 Geldof and Ure had initially expected. Geldof then set his sights on staging a huge concert to raise further funds. [PAR] The idea to stage a charity concert to raise more funds for Ethiopia originally came from Boy George, the lead singer of Culture Club. George and Culture Club drummer Jon Moss had taken part in the recording of "Do They Know It's Christmas?" and in December 1984 Culture Club were undertaking a tour of the UK, which culminated in six nights at Wembley Arena. On the final night at Wembley, Saturday 22 December 1984, an impromptu gathering of some of the other artists from Band Aid joined Culture Club on stage at the end of the concert for an encore of "Do They Know It's Christmas?". George was so overcome by the occasion he told Geldof that they should consider organising a benefit concert. Speaking to the UK music magazine Melody Maker at the beginning of January 1985, Geldof revealed his enthusiasm for George's idea, saying, "If George is organising it, you can tell him he can call me at any time and I'll do it. It's a logical progression from the record, but the point is you don't just talk about it, you go ahead and do it!" [PAR] It was clear from the interview that Geldof had already had the idea to hold a dual venue concert and how the concerts should be structured: [PAR] Organization [PAR] Among those involved in organising Live Aid were Harvey Goldsmith, who was responsible for the Wembley Stadium concert, and Bill Graham, who put together the American leg. [PAR] The concert grew in scope, as more acts were added on both sides of the Atlantic. Tony Verna, inventor of instant replay, was able to secure John F. Kennedy Stadium through his friendship with Philadelphia Mayor Goode and was able to procure, through his connections with ABC's prime time chief, John Hamlin, a three-hour prime time slot on the ABC Network and, in addition, was able to supplement the lengthy program through meetings that resulted in the addition of an ad-hoc network within the USA, which covered 85 percent of TVs in the United States. Verna designed the needed satellite schematic and became the Executive Director as | Where did the US side of the Band Aid concert take place? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Hawker Harrier - RAF Hawker Harrier - About.com EducationHawker Harrier - RAF Hawker Harrier [PAR] Armament [PAR] Guns: 2× 30 mm (1.18 in) ADEN cannon pods under the fuselage [PAR] 1 Under-fuselage & 4 Under-wing Hardpoints: 4 x Mantra rocket pods or 4 x AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles or 2 x AS-37 Martel missiles, bombs (up to 5,000 lbs.) or 2 x drop tanks [PAR] Hawker Siddeley Harrier - Development: [PAR] In the mid-1950s, Michel Wibault began discussing the concept of a directable fan jet engine with NATO's Mutual Weapons Development Project. Approaching Bristol Engine Company, they entered into talks regarding combining the firm's Orpheus and Olympus jet engines into one capable of directable thrust. As this project began to yield positive results, Bristol contacted Sydney Camm at Hawker Aviation about designing an aircraft to use the new type of engine. [PAR] Though defense funding was minimal, NATO possessed a requirement for a Light Tactical Support Fighter and Camm saw an opportunity. [PAR] Moving forward with private funding, Hawker worked to combine the new Pegasus engine with a workable airframe. Supported by testing a NASA, Camm refined the design. This resulted in the company, now Hawker Siddeley, approving the construction of two prototypes in early 1959. Dubbed P.1127, the project received further support late that year when the Ministry of Supply contracted for a pair of prototypes. The first of these was completed in July 1960 and flew on its own for the first time on November 19. Utilizing the directable fan jet Pegasus, the prototypes worked to achieve vertical take offs and landings (VTOL). [PAR] As P.1127 testing yielded results, nine evaluation aircraft, dubbed Kestrel FGA.1, were ordered. Delivered in early 1964, these equipped the Tripartite Evaluation Squadron formed at RAF West Raynham in Norfolk. Flown by British, American, and West German pilots, the Kestrel proved the concept. Though Hawker had begun designing a supersonic version of the Kestrel, the P.1154, it was dropped in 1965 when the Royal Air Force elected to move forward with an improved variant of the P.1127. Entering into pre-production a year later, the new type was named Harrier in 1967. [PAR] Hawker Siddeley Harrier - Engine Design: [PAR] While earlier attempts at VTOL aircraft had focused on rotors and direct jet thrust, the Harrier's Pegasus engine took a different route which utilized vectored thrust. Using four rotating engine nozzles, two on each side of the aircraft, the pilot could direct the engine's thrust. These nozzles moved from 0° (horizontal) down to 98° (vertical/slightly forward). For VTOL operations, the nozzles would be set to 90° allowing it to rise like a helicopter. At the desired altitude, the nozzles were moved to horizontal to allow for level flight. Due to the nature of the system, the aircraft could also hover. [PAR] As a result of the advanced and unique engine system, Harrier pilots were required to be highly skilled in both helicopter and fixed wing flying. The former was needed to handle the VTOL component as the Harriers reaction control system for maintaining stability was similar to a helicopter's cyclic control. Though largely used in the takeoff and landing procedures, thrust vectoring could also be used in combat to make the aircraft highly agile and capable of maneuvers that could not be accomplished in a traditional fighter. [PAR] Operational History: [PAR] Introduced in to RAF service in 1969, the GR.1 type soon received an upgrade to GR.1A with the arrival of improved Pegasus engines. This type evolved into the GR.3 which contained an enhanced sensor package and engine. The definitive model of the Harrier, the GR.3 was altered for service with the Royal Navy by British Aerospace. The resulting Sea Harrier entered service in 1980. Two years later, the Harrier first entered combat when it played a key role in the British victory during the Falklands War . Flying from the Royal Navy carriers HMS Hermes and HMS Invincible, they provided cover and struck targets ashore. [PAR] Assessed by the United States, the Harrier was purchased for service with the US Marine Corps as the AV-8A Harrier. Flying from land and assault ships, the USMC Harriers fulfilled ground-attack, close air support, reconnaissance, | What type of aircraft is the Hawker Siddley Harrier? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Ringo Starr's Top 10 Billboard Hot 100 Hits | BillboardRingo Starr's Top 10 Billboard Hot 100 Hits | Billboard [PAR] Ringo Starr's Top 10 Billboard Hot 100 Hits [PAR] Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images [PAR] Ringo Starr circa 1970 [PAR] Ringo Starr rose to international fame as a member of the Beatles, but he's always been more than just a drummer. As this special look at his biggest Billboard Hot 100 songs illustrates, once Starr got a chance to step into the spotlight solo in the '70s, he showed he was a hitmaker in his own right. In honor of his 75th birthday (he was born July 7, 1940), it's a perfect time to honor Starr's work as a solo ... well, star. So turn up your speakers and scroll down as we roll through Ringo's top 10 Billboard Hot 100 hits. [PAR] The Beatles' 50 Biggest Billboard Hits [PAR] This chart of Ringo Starr's 10 Biggest Billboard Hot 100 Hits is based on actual performance on the weekly Billboard Hot 100, through the chart dated July 11, 2015. Songs are ranked using an inverse point system, with weeks at No. 1 earning the greatest value and weeks at No. 100 earning the least. [PAR] 1 [PAR] "You’re Sixteen" Hot 100 Peak: 1 (1 week), Peak Date: 1/26/74 [PAR] 2 [PAR] "Photograph" Hot 100 Peak: 1 (1 week), Peak Date: 11/24/73 [PAR] 3 [PAR] "No No Song/Snookeroo" Hot 100 Peak: 3, Peak Date: 4/5/75 [PAR] 4 [PAR] "It Don’t Come Easy" Hot 100 Peak: 4, Peak Date: 6/5/71 [PAR] 5 [PAR] "Oh My My" Hot 100 Peak: 5, Peak Date: 4/27/74 [PAR] 6 [PAR] "Only You" Hot 100 Peak: 6, Peak Date: 1/11/75 [PAR] 7 [PAR] "Back Off Boogaloo" Hot 100 Peak: 9, Peak Date: 5/13/72 [PAR] 8 [PAR] "A Dose Of Rock ‘N’ Roll" Hot 100 Peak: 26, Peak Date: 11/6/76 [PAR] 9 [PAR] "Wrack My Brain" Hot 100 Peak: 38, Peak Date: 12/12/81 [PAR] 10[DOC] [TLE] Top 10 Ringo Starr Solo Songs - Ultimate Classic RockTop 10 Ringo Starr Solo Songs [PAR] Top 10 Ringo Starr Solo Songs [PAR] By Dave Swanson November 23, 2013 2:52 PM [PAR] REDDIT [PAR] Kevin Winter, Getty Images [PAR] Ringo was, and still is, one of rock and roll’s most beloved figures. Despite being a bit of a fish out of water in the pool that housed the incredible talents of Paul McCartney , John Lennon and George Harrison , the Beatles wouldn’t have been the Beatles without Ringo. Not only was he was one the most solid (and somewhat underrated) drummers of the era, but his charm and wit were always first-rate. [PAR] His solo recordings, while not without moments of cringing, show an interesting batch of songs. Some were huge hits, others sadly forgotten along the way. We tip our hat to Ringo, and give you our Top 10 Ringo Starr Solo Songs. [PAR] 10 [PAR] [PAR] [PAR] Not to be confused the the Cliff Richard hit from 1976, this song was written by Starr with songwriter Vini Poncia. ‘Devil Woman’ is a flat out rocker with atypical Ringo lyrics. “You’re like the devil with horns in your head, the only way I’ll get you is to get you in bed” is not the stuff usually associated with the man who sang ‘Octopus’ Garden.’ Driven along by some gritty guitars and punctuated by a horn section, the song has an almost Stones -like quality to it. It showed up as the b-side to his No. 1 cover of ‘You’re Sixteen,’ as well as landing a spot on the ‘Ringo’ album. [PAR] [PAR] [PAR] The flipside of Ringo’s classic ‘It Don’t Come Easy’ (see No. 1 on our list of the Top 10 Ringo Starr Solo Songs) is yet another autobiographical tune. ‘Early 1970′ is all about his former band mates. Each member gets a verse, “lives on | How many Billboard solo NO 1's did ex-Beatle Ringo Starr have? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Super Bowl - NFL Topics - ESPNSuper Bowl - NFL Topics - ESPN [PAR] Super Bowl [PAR] Past Winners [PAR] The Super Bowl is the championship game for the National Football League, pitting the top team from each of the NFL's conferences against each other. The Super Bowl is one of the biggest events in American culture -- the broadcast is almost always the most-watched program of the year, and Super Bowl Sunday has become a de facto national holiday. [PAR] The game features the winners of the AFC and NFC championship games, decided after a 16-game regular season and two rounds of playoff games. It has been played every year since 1967, started thanks to a merger between the NFL and its rival league, the American Football League. [PAR] Super Bowl XLVI, following the 2011 season, saw the New York Giants defeat the New England Patriots, 21-17. It was the second time in five seasons the Giants had beaten the Patriots in the Super Bowl. [PAR] The Super Bowl was created as part of the merger between the National and American football leagues, which had coexisted as rivals since the AFL came about in 1960. Due to fierce competition for players and fans, the leagues decided to merge in 1966, to become official in 1970. [PAR] The event's name was coined by Lamar Hunt, one of the AFL founders and Kansas City owner. He saw his children playing with a ball called the "Super Ball" and, playing off the college football bowl system, came up with Super Bowl to use as a filler before a name could be permanently decided on. The term stuck, though. [PAR] Early matchups [PAR] The first Super Bowl was held in 1967 (following the 1966 season) as a prequel to the new merged league, between the champions of the AFL and NFL, the Kansas City Chiefs and Green Bay Packers, respectively. That game was known as the World Championship Game, as were the next two (the name Super Bowl was used officially starting with Super Bowl IV, following the 1969 season). [PAR] Super Bowl I was the first -- and last -- Super Bowl not to sell out, filling only 61,496 seats in the Los Angeles Coliseum. Green Bay won that game 35-10 and won the second as well, beating the Oakland Raiders 33-14. The AFL got its first victory in Super Bowl III, when the Joe Namath-led New York Jets beat the heavily favored Baltimore Colts. [PAR] AFC dominance [PAR] After Green Bay and the NFL won the first two Super Bowls, the following years were dominated by the AFL/AFC. Namath earned the conference's first win in Super Bowl III and the Kansas City Chiefs its second a year later. After the league officially became part of the NFL later that year, it continued its dominance for the next decade. Only one NFC team in the 1970s won a championship, when the Dallas Cowboys won Super Bowls VI and XII. [PAR] The Miami Dolphins excelled in the early years of the decade. They reached the Super Bowl for the first time in 1972, losing to the Cowboys in Super Bowl VI. That loss led into the NFL's only undefeated season, when the Dolphins went 17-0 through the course of the 1972 season and Super Bowl VII, beating the Washington Redskins 14-7. The Dolphins repeated their conference title in the 1973 season, capping it with a win in Super Bowl VIII. [PAR] The second half of the decade was dominated by the Pittsburgh Steelers, who won four times in six seasons: Super Bowls IX, X, XII and XIV. Led by the "Steel Curtain" defense and quarterback Terry Bradshaw, the Steelers appeared in six AFC championship games during the 1970s, making the playoffs in eight consecutive years. The squad became the first (and only) team to win back-to-back Super Bowls on two different occasions. [PAR] The Oakland Raiders also won two titles for the AFC in the early years, Super Bowls XI and XV. The Raiders' second title, won following the 1980 season as the Los Angeles Raiders, would be the AFC's last championship for almost two decades. [PAR] | Which was the first team to win three Super Bowls? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Going Nuclear: The First Nuclear-powered Submarine - How ...Going Nuclear: The First Nuclear-powered Submarine - How Nuclear Submarines Work | HowStuffWorks [PAR] How Nuclear Submarines Work [PAR] Carl Mydans/Time Life Pictures/ Getty Images [PAR] [PAR] The United States developed the world's first nuclear -powered submarine: the Nautilus. Its first nuclear-powered journey took place on Jan. 21, 1954. In contrast to the diesel- electric subs that preceded it (and are still in service around the world today), the Nautilus had a practically unlimited range. What's more, it could stay underwater for great lengths of time because it didn't have to surface to recharge electric batteries . And while most submarines were designed to travel primarily on the surface and dive on occasion, the Nautilus was designed to remain underwater and only surface on occasion. [PAR] Up Next [PAR] Submarine Pictures [PAR] The incredible range and maneuverability of nuclear submarines radically altered naval strategy and tactics. While submarines previously were maintained for coastal defense, this new breed of submarine could -- and did -- travel the globe. Just a few years after being put to sea, the Nautilus became the first submarine to sail beneath the arctic ice, reaching the North Pole on Aug. 3, 1958. After it reached the North Pole, the Nautilus was overhauled and had its reactor changed. Then it was assigned to the Sixth Fleet in 1960. By this time, more advanced technologies were being developed and Nautilus functioned as a trainer sub after 1966. [PAR] Being able to travel the globe undetected meant that enemy military and commercial ships were exposed to submarine attack at any time and virtually any place on the Earth's oceans. Over time, the submarines were armed with ballistic missiles capped with nuclear warheads. A few years after the Nautilus, an alarmed Soviet Union developed its own nuclear submarine capabilities. [PAR] The development of nuclear submarines followed a similar arch with both nations -- first, submarines were developed that were powered by nuclear reactors but still used non-nuclear armaments. Then, submarines were both powered by reactors and armed with ballistic nuclear weapons. [PAR] The USSR didn't commission its first nuclear sub until 1958, and the submarine didn't cross the North Pole until 1962. The development of a nuclear submarine took the Soviets about five years' time from drawing board to commissioning. Early Soviet subs, such as the K-19 (known as the "Widowmaker"), were plagued by problems and resulted in several fatal accidents. The Soviet Union launched its first nuclear sub armed with ballistic nuclear missiles in 1960, the same year that feat was accomplished by the U.S. Throughout the Cold War , the Soviet Union continued produce (and still does produce) diesel-electric submarines armed with nuclear warheads. [PAR] Next, we'll learn how the U.S and the USSR put their nuclear subs to use during the Cold War. [PAR] Disposing of Nuclear Waste [PAR] Early on, nuclear reactors were cast into the oceans once they were of no more use. Now, nuclear reactors are defueled in specially designated ports. Spent radioactive fuel is removed from the reactor casing, thereby removing most of its radioactivity . Defueled reactors are then buried at a waste site. The ships' hulls can then be recycled, salvaged or discarded.[DOC] [TLE] January 21, 1954: USS Nautilus, the world's first nuclear ...January 21, 1954: USS Nautilus, the world's first nuclear submarine, is launched - BT [PAR] [PAR] January 21, 1954: USS Nautilus, the world's first nuclear submarine, is launched [PAR] Powered by nuclear reactors instead of diesel engines, the new wave of submarines could stay submerged for months - adding further intrigue to Cold War espionage. [PAR] Share this [PAR] Print this story [PAR] USS Nautilus, the world’s first nuclear-powered submarine, was launched off Connecticut on this day in 1954. [PAR] Unlike its diesel predecessors, the Nautilus did not need to resurface to refuel or take on air every 48 hours, and in fact could technically stay submerged for years – making it the first ‘true’ submarine. [PAR] Powered by a pressurised water reactor, Nautilus also had the benefit of not requiring tanks capable of holding 90,000 gallons | What was the name of the world's first nuclear-powered submarine? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Queen Alia International Airport - Airport TechnologyQueen Alia International Airport - Airport Technology [PAR] Queen Alia international airport. [PAR] Map of Queen Alia international airport. [PAR] Queen Alia International Airport, Jordan [PAR] Queen Alia international airport is situated in the Zizya area, 20 miles south of Amman, the capital city of Jordan. Spread over an area of 22 million square metres, the airport was inaugurated on 25 May 1983. It is owned and operated by Jordan's Civil Aviation Regulatory Commission (CARC). [PAR] The airport is named after Queen Alia, the third wife of King Hussein of Jordan. The king died in a helicopter crash in 1977. With two parallel runways, Queen Alia functions as Jordan's primary airport (domestic and international), accounting for more than 97% of the country's air traffic. The airport handled approximately 5.4 million passengers in 2010. There were 62,900 aircraft movements in the same year. The airport carried 90,200t of cargo in 2010. [PAR] Due to persistent air traffic increases in the past few years, an airport expansion was deemed as necessary. The expansion aims to make Queen Alia the airport hub of Jordan. [PAR] The International Finance Corporation (IFC) worked with the Government of Jordan as the lead advisor for structuring and awarding the 25-year concession for the airport. The concession for the project was awarded to a consortium by the name of Airport International Group in April 2009. The project's financial closure was completed on 15 November 2009. [PAR] Queen Alia international airport expansion [PAR] The contract awarded to the Airport International Group includes upgrading the complete airport, excluding the runways. The airport will also be managed and operated by the consortium. [PAR] "Queen Alia airport accounts for more than 97% of the country's air traffic." [PAR] The expansion project will be implemented in two phases. A new, third, state-of-the-art terminal building with an area of 86,000m² is being constructed at the airport as part of the first phase. [PAR] As of December 2010, 61.8% of the overall construction work on the terminal was completed. The major works included installation of piers for link bridges, domes and roofing system. [PAR] The works also included construction of elevated via duct road, delivery of equipment like passenger boarding bridges, escalators and elevators, and installation of curtain walling and baggage handling system. Construction of the main car parking started at the end of 2010. [PAR] Upon completion of Phase I, due by 2012, the airport will be able to handle up to 9 million passengers. Phase II completion will increase the airport's passenger-handling capacity to around 12 million. [PAR] The new terminal is being constructed while rehabilitating the existing terminal buildings. It will act as a gateway to the region with the planned design of the airport based on function, technology and available space. [PAR] Airport expansion contractors [PAR] The advisors to the project were Ernst & Young, IFC, Ashurst and Norton Rose. The advisors to the government include IFC as the lead advisor, White & Case as the legal advisor and NACO / Innova Aviation Consultants as the technical advisor. [PAR] "The expansion aims to make Queen Alia International the airport hub of Jordan." [PAR] The build-own-operate-transfer (BOOT) contract for the rehabilitation, expansion and operation of the airport for a period of 25 years was won by the consortium Airport International Group. [PAR] Pteris Global, a Singapore-based company, was awarded a contract worth $12.3m on 28 July 2009 to design and build the baggage-handling system for the airport, which is scheduled to be completed by the end of 2011. [PAR] The Queen Alia international airport's hotel, the Golden Tulip, is planned to be refurbished into an international four-star hotel. The contract in this regard, worth $8.5m, was awarded to Noor in partnership with Invest Abu Dhabi (AD) on 1 August 2008. It includes the refurbishment of the hotel and operating it for 25 years. [PAR] Queen Alia airport financing [PAR] The expansion will cost approximately $750m. The investors in the Airport International Group include Aeroports de Paris Management (France) – 9.5%, | Queen Alia international airport is in which country? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Trading Places - Three Movie Buffs: Movie ReviewsTrading Places (1983) Starring: Dan Aykroyd, Eddie Murphy, Ralph Bellamy - Three Movie Buffs Review [PAR] Reviewed on: April 23rd, 2013 [PAR] Eddie Murphy, Jamie Lee Curtis and Dan Aykroyd in Trading Places. [PAR] Trading Places is a screwball comedy from director John Landis in 1983 (it marked his first collaboration with Eddie Murphy). It is an old fashioned satire along the lines of something Frank Capra or Preston Sturges would have made 40 years earlier. It has a Prince and the Pauper plot wherein two men from vastly different backgrounds switch places. It was a huge hit in the summer of 1983, further cementing Eddie Murphy as one of the most bankable stars of the decade. Dan Aykroyd and Jamie Lee Curtis costar. [PAR] Set in Philadelphia at the holidays, Trading Places tells how a wealthy commodities broker named Louis Winthorpe III (Aykroyd) and homeless street hustler Billy Ray Valentine (Murphy) become unwitting pawns in a bet between the Duke brothers, the elderly and very rich owners of the brokerage house Winthorpe works for. The bet is a nature vs. nurture competition to see just how these men will react if they both suddenly find their fortunes reversed. [PAR] Ralph Bellamy and Don Ameche nearly steal the movie as Randolph and Mortimer Duke. Their presence adds to the old fashioned feel of the story since they were both around making screwball comedies during Hollywood's golden age. Bellamy was in His Girl Friday and Ameche was in Midnight. The Duke brothers are classic comedy villains who get their hilarious comeuppance at the conclusion. [PAR] Trading Places was originally intended as a vehicle for Richard Pryor and Gene Wilder, who had recently had much success as a comedy team in movies like Silver Streak and Stir Crazy. It's easy to picture the two of them in this movie although Murphy and Aykroyd are indeed perfect in these roles. [PAR] There is a scene on a train (like so many classic comedies before it) that is wonderfully funny. Murphy imitates an African exchange student from Cameroon named Nenge Mboko, “Merry New Year!” and Aykroyd dons black-face (something Wilder did in Silver Streak) to play a Rastafarian. Curtis, not to be left out, does a bad Swiss accent while showing off her ample breasts. [PAR] The venerable British actor Denholm Elliott rounds out the group. He plays a valet who works for the Duke brothers who joins forces with Valentine and Winthorpe to teach Randolph and Mortimer a lesson. He poses as a man of the cloth for this scene on the train, which ends with a man in a gorilla suit getting raped by a real gorilla (even though it is obviously another man in a gorilla suit) for laughs. [PAR] Trading Places was released in June but is set at the holidays. Throughout the movie Christmas trees, wreaths and other holiday decorations give it a festive feel that is also quaintly old fashioned. This contrasts with the four letter words and naked breasts on display; both of which date the movie as being from the 1980s. [PAR] Trading Places is first and foremost a display of Eddie Murphy's vast and hilarious comedic talent (sort of an updated Jerry Lewis). But unlike some of his later movies this one is truly an ensemble. Dan Aykroyd, Jamie Lee Curtis, Ralph Bellamy, Don Ameche and Denholm Elliott are all equally funny. [PAR] Trading Places is a movie I loved in 1983 as a 16 year old. Seen from the vantage point of 2013 (30 years later) it looks like one of the best comedies made during the 1980s. If anything, Trading Places has only gotten funnier with age. [PAR] Did you enjoy Patrick's review? [PAR] +13 [PAR] Reviewed on: December 2nd, 2013 [PAR] Ralph Bellamy and Don Ameche as the Duke brothers in Trading Places. [PAR] Can it really be 30 years since this movie was released? If there's any doubt, one look at the cars, the computers, the hair and especially the clothes, will confirm it for you. If that weren't enough, a baby faced and relatively thin Dan Aykroyd will surely drive home the point that this movie was made a long time | Who directed the movie Trading Places? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Trainers rising to the Challenge: Horse Racing - TelegraphTrainers rising to the Challenge: Horse Racing - Telegraph [PAR] Horse Racing [PAR] Trainers rising to the Challenge [PAR] It is much easier to send a British-trained runner to Louisville for the Kentucky Derby than it was two decades ago. [PAR] Pride of Kentucky: Churchill Downs, the home of the famous Kentucky Derby Photo: AP [PAR] By HOTSPUR (J A McGrath) [PAR] 7:23PM GMT 17 Mar 2009 [PAR] In fact, now with a tantalising bonus of $100,000 in place for the first time this year, it is a piece of cake. [PAR] The winner of the Kentucky Derby Challenge Stakes at Kempton Park is guaranteed a place in the Kentucky Derby field and will pick up the bonus simply for agreeing to make the trans-Atlantic crossing for the Run For The Roses at Churchill Downs, on May 2. [PAR] He doesn't even have to win in America, he just has to show up on the day. And, of course, the bonus will cover the cost of the trip. If he happens to win, or finish in the first five, there is huge prize money to be collected. [PAR] It is certainly a lot more tempting than when Newmarket trainer Clive Brittain saddled Tony Richards' Bold Arrangement for a gallant second to Ferdinand in the 1986 Kentucky Derby. No gilt-edged carrot was dangled in front of the pioneering Brittain and his adventurous owner; they did all the hard work themselves. [PAR] How times have changed. Owing to vigorous promotion by Churchill Downs and Kempton, the inaugural running of the Kentucky Derby Challenge, carrying £80,000 prize money, has attracted a capacity field of 14. So popular was the race, they had to ballot for places. [PAR] Deposer, saddled by John Best, has already been to the States with his best effort there coming in the Lane's End Breeders' Futurity at Keeneland, in which he finished fourth to stablemate Square Eddie. [PAR] The latter went on to finish second, starting favourite, in the Breeders' Cup Juvenile at Santa Anita, thus verifying Best's sales pitch to a group of owners he had recruited. He told them he could buy a batch of horses relatively cheaply, race them and then sell them on for handsome gain. "They made a massive profit and we're hoping to do it again. We have 60 to race – 30 with American pedigrees and 30 with European bloodlines. We bought many of them as foals," he said. [PAR] Despite his experience, Deposer has quite a task tonight, according to Best. "He has drawn badly, and they did such a good job promoting this race, it is going to be very competitive. There are many unexposed types," he pointed out. [PAR] John Gosden sends out two runners, the unbeaten Close Alliance, who looked promising in winning at Great Leighs, and Mafaaz, who is preferred by Hamdan Al-Maktoum's jockey Richard Hills, though the owner's Haashed, trained by Mark Johnston, has ability and also looks a decent prospect. [PAR] Watching Brief by Marlborough [PAR] Selling Point: This race represents an easier task for Mystic Art (4.45 Lingfield) than the one he faced when a creditable third in a hot claimer over course and distance last time. He had previously run out a comfortable winner when dropped to selling company for the first time, so has what it takes to be effective at this level. [PAR] Quick Strike: No Supper (5.10 Warwick) makes an early reappearance after registering a comfortable course and distance success. His trainer is establishing a reputation for running up sequences with his horses and this could be another example. [PAR] Flat Profit: Chepstow bumpers have proved a happy hunting ground for Paul Nicholls - 40 per cent strike rate in the past five seasons – and Aldertune (5.30 Chepstow) looks another likely candidate for the yard. [PAR] Key Note: Key Regard (8.50 Kempton) looked a horse with a future when producing an impressive turn of foot to win a Lingfield maiden and the form took on a solid appearance when the runner-up that day won a handicap here on Monday. [PAR] [DOC] [TLE] | What was the first British-trained horse to run in the Kentucky Derby? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Errol Flynn Biography (Actor) - Fact MonsterErrol Flynn Biography (Actor) [PAR] Birthplace: Hobart, Tasmania, Australia [PAR] Best known as: The swashbuckling star of Captain Blood and Robin Hood [PAR] Errol Flynn was one of Hollywood's biggest stars in the 1930s and '40s, famous for his boundless devil-may-care energy in the rousing adventures known as swashbucklers. Errol Flynn spent his youth in Australia and England, and his young adult years mining and running plantations in New Guinea, before appearing in his first movie in 1933, the Australian feature The Wake of the Bounty. From there he went to England briefly before making his way to Hollywood and the movies. In robust features like Captain Blood (1935) and The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), Flynn was the dashing hero whose winning smile and flashy swordplay made the ladies whimper with longing. Offscreen, Flynn had a reputation as a freewheeling boozer, womanizer and all-around bad boy. Tongues wagged in 1942 when he was tried for statutory rape (and acquitted), but the scandal didn't diminish his celebrity or his popularity. Flynn starred mostly in westerns, sea adventures and war movies, including The Charge of the Light Brigade (1935), They Died With Their Boots On (1941) and The Adventures of Don Juan (1948). He lost favor in Hollywood in the early 1950s, but we in the midst of a comeback at age 50 when he died suddenly in 1959. [PAR] Extra credit: [PAR] Errol Flynn worked frequently with director Michael Curtiz and actress Olivia de Havilland … Errol Flynn’s autobiography is titled My Wicked, Wicked Ways… The phrase “in like Flynn” became popular in the U.S. in the 1940s and is generally acknowledged as a reference to Flynn’s success with women. [PAR] Copyright © 1998-2017 by Who2?, LLC. All rights reserved. [PAR] Advertisement [PAR] Advertisement[DOC] [TLE] Errol Flynn | Australian actor | Britannica.comErrol Flynn | Australian actor | Britannica.com [PAR] Australian actor [PAR] Alternative Title: Errol Leslie Thomson Flynn [PAR] Errol Flynn [PAR] Errol Flynn, in full Errol Leslie Thomson Flynn (born June 20, 1909, Hobart , Tasmania , Australia —died Oct. 14, 1959, Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada ), Australian actor, celebrated during his short but colourful lifetime as the screen’s foremost swashbuckler. [PAR] Errol Flynn in The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938). [PAR] Warner Brothers/First National/The Kobal Collection [PAR] Flynn was the son of a prominent Australian marine biologist and zoologist. As such, he was sent to the best schools available—and was expelled from virtually all of them. Flynn’s restless, rebellious nature carried over into his early adulthood, as he unsuccessfully pursued such professions as government official, plantation overseer, gold miner, and journalist. In 1933 an Australian film producer saw some photographs of Flynn and offered the ruggedly handsome 24-year-old the role of the mutineer Fletcher Christian in the semidocumentary feature In the Wake of the Bounty. Encouraged by this experience to pursue acting as a career, Flynn joined England’s Northampton Repertory Company, which led to a few roles in British films and ultimately to a contract with Warner Bros. in Hollywood. When Robert Donat dropped out of the title role in the expensive adventure film Captain Blood (1935), Warners took a chance on Flynn, thereby assuring stardom for him. Typecast as a dashing, fearless adventurer, he went on to star in such colourful costume dramas as The Charge of the Light Brigade (1936), The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), and The Sea Hawk (1940) and also such big-budget westerns as Dodge City (1939) and They Died with Their Boots On (1941). Unable to serve in World War II because of various physical ailments, he instead acted the part of a soldier in such films as Desperate Journey (1942) and Objective, Burma! (1945). [PAR] Errol Flynn and Olivia de Havilland in The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938). [PAR] Michael Curtiz—KPA/Heritage-Images [PAR] Almost as soon as he arrived in Hollywood, Flynn established a reputation as an | Where in Australia was swashbuckling Errol Flynn born? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] The Heavyweight Top Champions of All Time - Jeff's World ...The Heavyweight Top Champions of All Time [PAR] THE HEAVYWEIGHT TOP CHAMPIONS OF ALL TIME [PAR] 06/20/98 [PAR] Disclaimer: The list below is based on each boxer's last name. [PAR] 1. Muhammad Ali [PAR] Started his pro career 1960 until 1981, Muhammad Ali - previously known as Cassius Clay, has booked professional fight record of 56-5 (57 KO). He was nicknamed as "The Greatest" as he always proved every words he said before afight was done. Ali was also known as the one who invented rope and dope technique in boxing. "Dance like a butterfly and sting like a bee" was always reflected in his fights. Ali was the first man in the world who succeeded to be a three times Heavyweight champion, before Evander Holyfield did it again in 1997. Ali fist got the world title after defeating Sonny Liston by KO7 in Miami Beach, Fl, February 25, 1964. [PAR] 2. Ezzard Charles [PAR] He fought in 1940-1959, and finally became a world champion in 1950-1951 after he defeated the legend Joe Louis on September 27, 1950 in New York. After he lost his title defeated by Jersey Joe Walcott (PA, July 18, 1051), Charles failed twice in his attempt to get back the title from Rocky Marciano in 1954. [PAR] 3. Jack Dempsey [PAR] The 1919-1926 Heavyweight world champion , Jack Dempsey, fought in professional boxing in 1914-1940. He first got his title from Jess Willard in Toledo, OH (July 4, 1919). He then lost the title in September 1926 after defeated by Gene Tuney in Chicago, IL. [PAR] 4. George Foreman [PAR] "Big George" started his pro debut in 1969 and ended it nicely in 1997. He is the oldest Heavyweight world champion in history, and he has become a legend for that. Collecting 76 wins (68 KO) and only 5 losses, Foreman was really an amazing champion. He first got the title by defeating Smokin' Joe Frazier in Jamaica by KO2 (Jan. 22, 1973). Ali seized the title on October 30, 1974 by KO4 in Kinsasha, Zaire. He decided to retire after Jimmy Young defeated him in 1997, but then he made a spectacular moment when he knocked out Michael Moorer in Las Vegas when he was 45 (January 23, 1989). [PAR] 5. Joe Frazier [PAR] He was world champion in 1970-1973, the time of the toughest competition in heavyweight world. Frazier fought in 1965-1981 and collecting 32-4 (27 KO) fight record. He got the Heavyweight title in February 16, 1970 from Jimmy Ellis by KO5 in NY. He was forced to give the crown to Foreman after he was KO'd in round 2. [PAR] 6. Larry Holmes [PAR] This "Easton Assassin" almost got the 49 consecutive victories as Marciano did, but he failed after Michael Spinks defeated him in 1985. Holmes (66-6, 42 KO's) boxed from 1973-1997. He was a consecutive champion for 7 years, 1978-1985. Holmes got the world title on June 9, 1978 from Ken Norton by points in Las Vegas. In his come back, Holmes has tried to get back his lost title several times, including Tyson (1988), but he never made it. [PAR] Evander Holyfield [PAR] "The Real Deal" is a very religious boxer. Until today, he has gathered fight records of 35-3 (25 KO's). He was Cruiserweight champion (1986-1990), then to KO James Douglas in round 3 on October 25, 1990. He is the second man in history after Ali who could be the 3 times Heavyweight world champion. He is considered as a legend after his 2 consecutive spectacular victories against Tyson in 1997. [PAR] 8. Jack Johnson [PAR] Johnson, 78-13-11 (49 KO's), boxed in 1897-1945. He was the world champion in 1908-1914 after defeating Tommy Burns in Sydney by KO14 (December 26, 1908). [PAR] 9. Sonny Liston | In 1952 who was the then oldest boxer to become world champoion? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] BBC - Culture - Boeing 707: The aircraft that changed the ...BBC - Culture - Boeing 707: The aircraft that changed the way we fly [PAR] History [PAR] Boeing 707: The aircraft that changed the way we fly [PAR] The Boeing 707 revolutionised air travel and kicked the jet age into top gear. Commercial flight today owes it everything, Jonathan Glancey writes. [PAR] By Jonathan Glancey [PAR] 20 October 2014 [PAR] Whenever Frank Sinatra sang “Come fly with me, let’s fly, let’s fly away,” the image of a Boeing 707, all etched-white vapour trails jetting across some deep blue transcontinental stratosphere, could never be far from mind. This song was from Sinatra’s album of the same name. It was released in January 1958, a month after the epochal, swept-wing jet airliner made its maiden flight. Before the year was out, the sleek 707 was in service with Pan-Am. It was to change the way we fly and see the world. [PAR] Curiously, the graphic designer working for Capitol Records appeared to have been behind the times. The artwork for Come Fly With Me shows a snappily dressed Sinatra taking the hand of a girl as he cocks his thumb towards a TWA Lockheed Constellation, the last of the great American piston-engine airliners. Constellations were to be pushed aside by the all-conquering 707, an aircraft synonymous with the new jet age and a design that led, step by rapid step, to the Boeing 747 ‘Jumbo Jet’ and the era of mass air-travel. The 707 might have been one of the most glamorous of all forms of transport when it entered service with Pan-Am, yet its very success led ultimately to the horrendous and heartbreakingly banal conditions the majority of us fly in today. [PAR] As for Sinatra, he so admired the new 707 – the aircraft that should have been on the sleeve of Come Fly With Me – that he bought his very own. This was an ex-Qantas 707, built in 1964, that, since 1998, has belonged to John Travolta, Hollywood star and pilot. Travolta’s estate in Florida has its own runway. Some people like to gaze at the curves of their prize classic car, or latest Ferrari: Travolta opts for the sight of a four-engine, 600mph jet. [PAR] View image of (Everett Collection Historical/Alamy) (Credit: Everett Collection Historical/Alamy) [PAR] The 707 began as a discussion and some sketches in 1949 when Boeing engineers Ed Wells, George Schairer and John Alexander began thinking about a swept-wing jet airliner. Boeing was an innovative company and its military aircraft were second to none. Ed Wells, for example, appointed Boeing’s chief engineer in 1943, had worked on the design of the famous B-17 Flying Fortress bomber of which 12,731 were built. Boeing’s subsequent B-29 Superfortress, B-47 Stratojet and B-52 Stratofortress bombers were all aviation milestones and commercially successful. In the field of civil aviation, however, Boeing played a very junior fiddle to its rivals Douglas, of DC-3 or ‘Dakota’ fame, and Lockheed, with its pre-war Electra and post-war Constellation. In fact, Boeing had lost money on virtually all its airliners including its latest, and last, piston-engine design, the 377 Stratocruiser of which just 46 were built for a deficit of $13.5m. [PAR] Taking off [PAR] The British were first to build a jet airliner, the de Havilland Comet. It went into service with BOAC in 1952, but several fatal accidents caused by airframe failure led to its withdrawal. The French and the Russians were pushing ahead with jet designs, but the tussle for the global market was essentially between Douglas and Boeing. [PAR] Boeing was first into the air with its 367-80, or ‘Dash 80’, the prototype of the 707 which made its maiden flight in July 1954. Powered by a version of the same Pratt & Whitney turbojets fitted to USAF F-100 Super-Sabre fighter jets and B-52 Stratofortresses, the Dash 80 was very fast. No passenger aircraft had flown at 550mph in level flight before. It could | In what year did regular Boeing 707 flights begin across he Atlantic? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Aero LloydAero Lloyd Flugreisen GmbH & Co, operated as Aero Lloyd, was a German charter airline based in Oberursel, Germany. It was headquartered in Building 182 at Frankfurt Airport in Frankfurt before it was moved to Oberursel. [PAR] History [PAR] Early years [PAR] Aero Lloyd was founded on 20 December 1980 and launched operations in March 1981 with three Sud Aviation Caravelle's. By 1982, the airline received 3 ex-Garuda Indonesia Douglas DC-9-32 aircraft. [PAR] In 1986, the airline began to receive McDonnell Douglas MD-80 aircraft to allow it to expand to further destinations. In 1988, Aero Lloyd launched scheduled services to London in the United Kingdom, Paris in France, and Zurich in Switzerland with the newly acquired aircraft. However, by 1992, Aero Lloyd dropped scheduled operations after realising it was not a good move for the airline. [PAR] Collapse [PAR] The airline ceased operations at 06:00 local time on 16 October 2003 after shareholders refused to continue funding the airline. The collapse left 4,000 passengers stuck at German airports and 4,500 stuck overseas. Its assets were acquired by Aero Lloyd founder, Bogomir Gradisnik. Under the management of Gradisnik's associate, Miso Aksmanovic, the company was reshaped into a smaller charter operation named Aero Flight which was established in March 2004 and started operations on 26 March 2004. Aero Flight ceased operations in October 2005. [PAR] Destinations [PAR] Fleet [PAR] During operations, Aero Lloyd used many different aircraft's consisting of Airbus, Boeing, Douglas, McDonnell Douglas and Sud Aviation. [PAR] The Aero Lloyd fleet consisted of the following aircraft throughout operations: [PAR] Incidents and accidents [PAR] * On 1 September 2001, an Aero Lloyd Airbus A321, operating a charter flight from Catania-Fontanarossa Airport, Italy to Berlin Tegel Airport, Germany, had an attempted hijacking shortly after take off. The plane was diverted to Naples Airport in Italy where it made an emergency landing and the hijacker was arrested. There is a mix of reports ranging from the man using wax candles as dynamite and that of a panic attack. No body was injured in the incident. [PAR] * On July 1, 2002 an Aero Lloyd Airbus A320 was late, this caused the controller, Peter Nielsen to constantly switch from the flight to Bashkirian Airlines Flight 2937 and DHL Flight 611 to the flight. This may caused the Überlingen mid-air collision.[DOC] [TLE] AirlineAn airline is a company that provides air transport services for traveling passengers and freight. Airlines utilize aircraft to supply these services and may form partnerships or alliances with other airlines for codeshare agreements. Generally, airline companies are recognized with an air operating certificate or license issued by a governmental aviation body. [PAR] Airlines vary in size, from small domestic airlines to full-service international airlines. Airline services can be categorized as being intercontinental, domestic, regional, or international, and may be operated as scheduled services or charters. The largest airline currently is American Airlines Group. [PAR] History [PAR] The first airlines [PAR] DELAG, Deutsche Luftschiffahrts-Aktiengesellschaft was the world's first airline. It was founded on November 16, 1909 with government assistance, and operated airships manufactured by The Zeppelin Corporation. Its headquarters were in Frankfurt. The first fixed wing scheduled air service was started on January 1, 1914 from St. Petersburg, Florida to Tampa, Florida. The four oldest non-dirigible airlines that still exist are Netherlands' KLM (1919), Colombia's Avianca (1919), Australia's Qantas (1921), and the Czech Republic's Czech Airlines (1923). [PAR] European airline industry [PAR] Beginnings [PAR] The earliest fixed wing airline in Europe was the Aircraft Transport and Travel, formed by George Holt Thomas in 1916. Using a fleet of former military Airco DH.4A biplanes that had been modified to carry two passengers in the fuselage, it operated relief flights between Folkestone and Ghent. On 15 July 1919, the company flew a proving flight across the English Channel, despite a lack of support from the British government. Flown by Lt. H Shaw in an Airco DH.9 between RAF Hendon and Paris - Le Bourget Airport, the flight took 2 hours and 30 minutes at £21 per passenger. [PAR] On 25 | Which country does the airline Aero Lloyd come from? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Jermaine O'Neal - Basketball Wiki - WikiaJermaine O'Neal | Basketball Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia [PAR] Jermaine Lee O'Neal (born October 13, 1978) is an American former professional basketball player who played for the NBA . [PAR] Contents [PAR] [ show ] [PAR] Early life and high school career [PAR] Jermaine O'Neal was born on October 13, 1978, in Columbia, South Carolina. Raised single-handedly by his mother, Angela Ocean, O'Neal also had an elder brother, Clifford. [1] Ocean worked hard to support her sons, and left her children largely to their own devices. O'Neal found his love for athletics at a young age. Tall and quick, he enjoyed both football and basketball, but basketball was his favorite sport. Two of his basketball heroes were Hakeem Olajuwon and Bill Russell ; O'Neal often marveled at the former's approach to the game, while he loved watching the latter's video highlights of his duels with Wilt Chamberlain . [2] [PAR] O'Neal also played a lot of basketball. Each summer, he would play for an AAU team, and impressed onlookers with his athleticism and his ability to handle the ball with both hands. By the time he turned 14, the 6'4" O'Neal—now a confident guard who could drain three-pointers —entered Eau Claire High School of the Arts as a freshman in 1992. On his first meeting with basketball coach George Glymph, he made the bold promise to become the best player in the school's history. [1] While O'Neal's first season was hardly noteworthy (he even played as quarterback for the Eau Claire team) [3] things changed when he grew five inches over the next year and a half, and he was inspired to develop into a defensive powerhouse like his idol Russell. Glymph built his team's defense around O'Neal, and Eau Claire featured one of the most imposing frontcourts around. With O'Neal averaging 18 points , 12 rebounds and 9 blocks a game, Eau Claire captured its third straight 3A state title in 1995. [2] [PAR] The following July, the 16-year-old was to raise his profile yet again. At an ABCD summer basketball camp, he outplayed Tim Thomas , a rising star at that time. Before long, recruiting letters from various top colleges came pouring in. O'Neal, however, also faced great pressure off the court. That same year, the District Attorney contemplated prosecuting him for rape after he and his 15-year-old girlfriend were found partially nude in bed together by her father. [1] The DA eventually did not prosecute O'Neal, but as the latter struggled to cope with the pressure on and off the court, Glymph stepped in, introducing discipline to his life and keeping his feet to the ground. At the same time, O'Neal's mother had met a new man, Abraham Kennedy, who also guided O'Neal along. [2] [PAR] In his senior season at Eau Claire, O'Neal's averages of 22.4 points, 12.4 rebounds and 5.2 blocks per game ensured that he was voted First Team All-State, South Carolina’s Player of the Year and "Mr. Basketball". Named to USA Today’s All-USA Basketball Team, he earned a spot in the McDonald's All-America Game as well. Despite being one of the nation’s top prospects, O'Neal's future in college basketball was uncertain. He scored poorly on the SATs , and Glymph advised against him making the leap to the NBA . But it was only a year before that another South Carolinian—future NBA All-Star Kevin Garnett —had made a seamless transition from high school to the NBA, and O'Neal thought he could emulate Garnett. [2] [PAR] NBA career [PAR] Portland Trail Blazers [PAR] O'Neal was selected by the Portland Trail Blazers as the 17th pick in the 1996 NBA Draft . [4] The rookie was surrounded by veterans and emerging stars who could show him the ropes in Portland; forming the frontcourt with him were Arvydas Sabonis , Rasheed Wallace and Clifford R. Robinson . After missing the first 17 games with a bone contusion in his knee, O'Neal made his debut against the Denver Nuggets in December. At 18 years, one month and | Who was Jermaine O'Neal playing against when he made his debut in 1996? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Space Today Online - Exploring the Red Planet - Past Mars ...Space Today Online - Exploring the Red Planet - Past Mars Probes [PAR] Exploring the Red Planet [PAR] A timeline of past explorations: [PAR] Many Robots From Earth Have Probed Mars [PAR] 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s New Era Table of Flights Future Probes [PAR] The United States and Russia have spent billions over four decades trying to land a spacecraft on Mars. Many probes have been sent. [PAR] On December 2, 1971, the Soviet Union's Mars 3 was the first spacecraft to make a successful soft landing on Mars. [PAR] MORE ABOUT MARS 3 » [PAR] Later, three American spacecraft completed highly successful landings on the surface — the pair of Viking landers in 1976 and Mars Pathfinder 21 years later in 1997. [PAR] In addition, several spacecraft have either flown by the Red Planet, sending back picture postcards as they traveled on, or they have dropped successfully into orbit around Mars. [PAR] Numerous other spacecraft over the years either failed to leave Earth at all or were unable to find their way correctly to the Red Planet. [PAR] Now, five new craft from America, Europe and Japan are prepared to visit Mars in 2004. If all work as planned, two will remain in orbit around the planet while three landers touch down. The flotilla includes Europe's and Japan's first solo missions to Mars. [PAR] The 1960s [PAR] By 1960, human space engineers were ready to build and send interplanetary science probes away from Earth toward the Moon and planets. Since then, some two dozen unmanned Mars explorers have been fired into interplanetary space from the U.S. and the USSR to look at the Red Planet and its moons Phobos and Deimos. [PAR] The USSR's Mars 1, launched in November 1962, was the first attempt to probe Mars. Unfortunately, contact was lost with the spacecraft only 60 million miles along its route to the Red Planet. [PAR] America's Mariner 4 launched in November 1964 was the first successful probe to reach Mars, sending back 22 photos as it flew by in July 1965. The first close-up pictures ever of another world showed a barren wilderness. [PAR] Meanwhile, a Soviet probe intended for Mars missed the 1965 window of opportunity for a launch, but was fired off anyway. It faxed back to Earth photographs of the far side of the Moon as it flew away into an orbit around the Sun. [PAR] In 1969, the U.S. probes Mariner 6 and Mariner 7 successfully completed the first dual-spacecraft mission to the Red Planet, sending back more than 100 pictures and data on the atmosphere and surface. [PAR] Meanwhile, the Soviet Union lost two Mars probes during their launches. [PAR] The 1970s [PAR] In 1971, the U.S. suffered a loss when the probe Mariner 8 splashed into the ocean off Puerto Rico during launch. [PAR] But then the first man-made satellite to orbit a planet other than Earth was America's Mariner 9 which brought us the first close-ups of the Martian moons Phobos and Deimos. Launched toward Mars in May 1971, Mariner 9 arrived in a 12-hour orbit around the Red Planet in that November. Mariner 9 had two TV cameras which sent back 7,329 photos including close-ups of giant volcanoes, canyons and ancient riverbeds. [PAR] The Soviet Union in 1971 finally achieved success with Mars 2 and Mars 3, which transmitted data on the harsh atmosphere. The lander from Mars 2 crashed on the surface while the lander from Mars 3 became the first to make a successful soft landing on Mars. However, shortly after the Mars 3 lander touched down on December 2, 1971, it stopped communicating. [PAR] Mars 2 and Mars 3 were identical spacecraft – each an orbiter with attached descent module. They were supposed to send back images of the surface along with information about weather conditions, the composition of the atmosphere, and chemical and mechanical properties of the soil. Each had two television cameras, a mass spectrometer to study the atmosphere, and temperature, pressure, and wind sensors. Each had a mechanical scoop to search for organic signs of life. [PAR] Both Mars 2 and Mars 3 arrived in orbit over the Red Planet and | Which space probe sent pictures from Mars in 1965? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] IAAF World Championships in AthleticsThe World Championships in Athletics is an event organized by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). The first three championships were held every four years, championships have been held every two years since 1991. [PAR] History [PAR] The idea of having an Athletics World Championships was around well before the competition's first event in 1983. In 1913, the IAAF decided that the Olympic Games would serve as the World Championships for athletics. This was considered suitable for over 50 years until in the late 1960s the desire of many IAAF members to have their own World Championships began to grow. In 1976 at the IAAF Council Meeting in Puerto Rico an Athletics World Championships separate from the Olympic Games was approved. [PAR] Following bids from both Stuttgart, West Germany and Helsinki, Finland, the IAAF Council awarded the inaugural competition to Helsinki, to take place in 1983 and be held in the Helsinki Olympic Stadium (where the 1952 Summer Olympics had been held). [PAR] Two IAAF world championship events preceded the inaugural edition of the World Championships in Athletics in 1983. The 1976 World Championships had just one event – the men's 50 kilometres walk which was dropped from the Olympic programme for the 1976 Summer Olympics and the IAAF responded by setting up their own contest. Four years later, the 1980 World Championships contained only two newly approved women's events, (400 metres hurdles and 3000 metres), neither of which featured on the programme for the 1980 Summer Olympics.[http://www.gbrathletics.com/ic/wc.htm IAAF World Championships in Athletics]. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2013-09-08. [PAR] Over the years the competition has grown in size. In 1983 an estimated 1,300 athletes from 154 countries participated. By the 2003 competition, in Paris, it had grown to 1,907 athletes from 203 countries with coverage being transmitted to 179 different countries. [PAR] There has also been a change in composition over the years, with several new events, all for women, being added. By 2005, the only differences were men's competition in the 50 km walk, and equivalent events in women's 100 m hurdles and heptathlon to men's 110 m hurdles and decathlon. [PAR] The following list shows when new events were added for the first time. [PAR] *1987, women's 10,000 m and 10 km walk were added. [PAR] *1993, women's triple jump was added. [PAR] *1995, women's 5000 m was added, replacing the 3000 m race. [PAR] *1999, women's pole vault and hammer were added and the women's 20 km walk replaced the 10 km walk. [PAR] *2005, women's 3000 m steeplechase was added. [PAR] Championships [PAR] Medal totals since 1983 [PAR] Updated after 2015 Championships [PAR] *NOTE: Germany refers both to the former West Germany (1983–90) and the unified Federal Republic of Germany (1990–present). [PAR] Ceremonies [PAR] The opening and closing ceremonies of the 8th IAAF World Championships held in Edmonton in 2001 were broadcast live to over 200 countries. The event included the men's marathon, and featured a thousand voice choir and original music by The Second City alumni Jan Randall. [PAR] Multiple medallist [PAR] ;Men [PAR] There are fifteen athletes who have won at least six medals.[http://iaaf-ebooks.s3.amazonaws.com/Moscow-2013-Statistics/sources/projet/IAAF-Moscow.pdf Statistics book, Moscow 2013] [PAR] ;Women [PAR] There are thirteen athletes who have won at least six medals. [PAR] Athletes with most appearances [PAR] There are eighteen athletes that competed in at least eight editions.[DOC] [TLE] World Athletics Championships ResultsWorld Athletics Championships Results [PAR] The World Athletics Championships Results [PAR] [PAR] The world athletics championships is an event organized by IAAF. Originally, it was organised every four years, but this changed in 1991, and it has since been organised biennially. [PAR] In 1913, the IAAF decided that the Olympic Games would serve as the World Championships for athletics. In 1976 at the IAAF Council Meeting in Puerto Rico have been desided the organization of World Athletics Championships separately from the Olympic Games and the first world championships in athletics awarded to Helsinki to take place in 1983. [PAR] The championships analytically are: [PAR] 1st IAAF World Athletics Championships - Helsinki 1983 | Where were the first World Athletics Championships held? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Super Bowl MVP Spotlight - Pro Player Insiders Executive ...Super Bowl MVP Spotlight - Pro Player Insiders Executive Editor Melissa Mahler [PAR] Super Bowl MVP Spotlight [PAR] Written by Turron Davenport [PAR] There’s a saying that “Big time players make big time plays in big time games.” That is surely an accurate way to look at the majority of the past Super Bowl MVPs. There are a few trends that emerge when examining the list of Super Bowl MVPs. Some of the players saved their best performances for the Super Bowl. For others, it was just business as usual. The amount of quarterbacks that have been named as the MVP far outnumbers any other position. Here is a breakdown of the past Super Bowl MVPs by position: [PAR] Quarterback: 26 [PAR] Defensive Tackle: 1 [PAR] Kick/Punt Returner: 1 [PAR] As you can see, the quarterback position has been named Super Bowl MVP almost four times as many as any other position. It is the only in which there are any players that have been named the MVP more than once. Bart Starr (1967, 1968), Terry Bradshaw (1979, 1980) Joe Montana (1982, 1985, 1990) Tom Brady (2002, 2004) and Eli Manning (2008, 2012) are the only players to win the award more than once. Montana is a three time winner which is an NFL record. Bart Starr and Terry Bradshaw are the only players to win the award in back to back years. [PAR] The only cornerback to ever win the MVP award was Larry Brown with the Dallas Cowboys in 1996. Desmond Howard was the only return man to be named MVP. He won the award in 1997 with the Green Bay Packers. The only defensive tackle to be named the MVP was Randy White. He was also a co-MVP, sharing the award with defensive end Harvey Martin in 1978. White and Martin were a part of the Dallas Cowboys record setting seven Super Bowl MVPs. Here is a breakdown of the Super Bowl MVPs by team: [PAR] Dallas Cowboys: 7 [PAR] Green Bay Packers, New York Giants: 4 [PAR] New England Patriots, Oakland/LA Raiders, Washington Redskins: 3 [PAR] Baltimore Ravens, Denver Broncos, Miami Dolphins: 2 [PAR] The Chicago Bears, Indianapolis Colts, Kansas City Chiefs, New Orleans Saints, New York Jets, Seattle Seahawks, St. Louis Rams and Tampa Bay Buccaneers all have one Super Bowl MVP. The Cowboys list does include White and Martin as two separate winners despite them being co-MVPs in 1978. [PAR] The Super Bowl is a game where relatively unknown players have the game of their career. Sometimes, the big games bring out the baller in lesser known players. There are all kinds of circumstances that lead to a player getting to shine in the Super Bowl spotlight. In some cases, such as Larry Brown and Dexter Jackson, it was matter of being in the right place at the right time. Both of these players were able to intercept errant throws by the opposing quarterback. Last year’s MVP, Malcolm Smith was a reserve linebacker that was able to get an interception off of a tipped pass. He returned it for a touchdown. Deion Branch is a player that just caught fire in a game and was able to exploit match ups. He tied a Super Bowl record with 11 receptions en route to being named Super Bowl MVP of 2005. Branch coincidentally played for both of the teams that are in this year’s Super Bowl. He signed a big free agent contract with the Seahawks after his Super Bowl MVP game. [PAR] Obviously, the player that is named the Super Bowl MVP usually comes from the winning team. There has only been one member of the losing Super Bowl team that won the MVP award. Chuck Howley was a linebacker for the Cowboys and won the award after his team lost to the Baltimore Colts. Howley had two interceptions and recovered a fumble in that game. He was the first defensive player to be named MVP. [PAR] There are a total of eight Super Bowl MVPs that are still active. They include: Tom Brady, Peyton Manning, Eli Manning, Santonio Holmes, Drew Brees, Aaron | Who was the Super Bowl MVP in 1979 and 1980. | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Photos of Super Bowl Most Valuable Players (MVPs ) - CNNPhotos of Super Bowl Most Valuable Players (MVPs) - CNN.com [PAR] 1 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl II (1968) – Starr repeated the feat one year later as the Packers won back-to-back titles. Starr had 202 yards passing and one touchdown as Green Bay blew out Oakland 33-14. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 2 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl III (1969) – The New York Jets came into Super Bowl III as 18-point underdogs, but quarterback Joe Namath famously guaranteed that his team would upset the Baltimore Colts. After Namath led the way to a 16-7 victory, he was named the game's Most Valuable Player. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 3 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl IV (1970) – The Kansas City Chiefs lost the first Super Bowl, but they made it count the second time around. Quarterback Len Dawson had 142 yards and a touchdown as the Chiefs beat the Minnesota Vikings 23-7 in New Orleans. It was the second straight year that the AFL champions had defeated the NFL champions, and by the next season the two leagues had merged. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 4 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl V (1971) – Dallas Cowboys linebacker Chuck Howley, right, holds onto one of his two interceptions against the Baltimore Colts in Super Bowl V. Howley was named the game's MVP, but the Colts won the notoriously sloppy game with a Jim O'Brien field goal as time expired. To date, Howley remains the only player from a losing team to be named Super Bowl MVP. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 5 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl VI (1972) – Dallas atoned for its loss the next season, shutting down the Miami Dolphins 24-3. MVP quarterback Roger Staubach had two touchdown passes. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 6 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl VII (1973) – Miami safety Jake Scott intercepts a fourth-quarter pass in the end zone during the Dolphins' 14-7 win over Washington in Super Bowl VII. Scott had two interceptions in the game as the Dolphins finished their season with a perfect 17-0 record. They are still the only NFL team ever to finish a season undefeated. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 7 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl VIII (1974) – Powerful running back Larry Csonka carries two Minnesota defenders near the end zone as Miami won its second Super Bowl in a row. Csonka became the first running back to win Super Bowl MVP, rushing for 145 yards and two touchdowns. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 8 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl IX (1975) – Pittsburgh Steelers running back Franco Harris fights off Minnesota defender Paul Krause during Pittsburgh's 16-6 victory in Super Bowl IX. Harris ran for 158 yards and a touchdown on his way to winning MVP. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 9 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl X (1976) – This diving catch from Pittsburgh wide receiver Lynn Swann is one of the most iconic plays in Super Bowl history. Swann had a touchdown and 161 yards receiving as the Steelers defeated Dallas 21-17 to win their second straight Super Bowl. Swann was the first wide receiver to win MVP. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 10 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl XI (1977) – Oakland Raiders wide receiver Fred Biletnikoff caught four passes for 79 yards to win MVP honors in Super Bowl XI. The Raiders won 32-14 over Minnesota, knocking the Vikings to 0-4 in Super Bowls. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 11 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl XII (1978) – A dominating performance by Dallas' "Doomsday Defense" led to the first and only time that two players would share the Super Bowl MVP award. Defensive linemen Randy White, left, and Harvey Martin helped the Cowboys force eight turnovers and defeat Denver 27-10. [PAR] Hide | Who was Super Bowl MVP the year after Joe Namath won it? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Indy 500 - Indianapolis Motor SpeedwayIndianapolis Motor Speedway [PAR] In what year did the first Indianapolis 500 take place? [PAR] 1911. Ray Harroun won in the Marmon "Wasp." [PAR] Why was the distance of 500 miles selected? [PAR] Having decided to dispense with multi-race programs and concentrate on one major race for 1911, Speedway leader Carl Fisher and his partners envisioned an event that would appeal to the public by lasting approximately seven hours between mid-morning and late afternoon. A distance of 500 miles was settled upon, and Ray Harroun won the first Indianapolis 500 in 1911 in six hours, 42 minutes and eight seconds. [PAR] What is the distance of one lap around the oval? [PAR] 2.5 miles. The track has four distinct turns and straightaways, a layout unchanged since the facility opened in 1909. The front and back straightaways are 5/8th of a mile each, with the "short chute" straightaways between Turns 1 and 2 and Turns 3 and 4 at 1/8th of a mile each. Each of the four turns is 1/4th of a mile long. [PAR] What is the degree of banking in the turns? [PAR] Each of the four turns on the oval is banked at exactly 9 degrees, 12 minutes, the same dimensions as when the track opened in 1909. [PAR] Which driver has won the Indianapolis 500 the most times? [PAR] Three drivers have won the Indianapolis 500 four times each: [PAR] A.J. Foyt (1961, 1964, 1967, 1977) [PAR] Al Unser (1970, 1971, 1978, 1987) [PAR] Rick Mears (1979, 1984, 1988, 1991) [PAR] Who is the youngest winner of the Indianapolis 500? [PAR] Troy Ruttman was 22 years, 80 days old when he won the 36th Indianapolis 500 on May 30, 1952. Q. Who is the oldest winner of the Indianapolis 500? A. Al Unser was 47 years, 360 days old when he won the 71st Indianapolis 500 on May 24, 1987. [PAR] What is the name of the trophy presented to the winner of the race each year? [PAR] The Borg-Warner Trophy, which was commissioned in 1935 by the Borg-Warner Automotive Company. In 1936, Indianapolis 500 winner Louis Meyer was the first driver to receive the trophy. [PAR] Why does the winner of the Indianapolis 500 drink milk in Victory Lane? [PAR] Three-time Indianapolis 500 winner Louis Meyer regularly drank buttermilk to refresh himself on a hot day and happened to drink some in Victory Lane as a matter of habit after winning the 1936 race. An executive with what was then the Milk Foundation was so elated when he saw the moment captured in a photograph in the sports section of his newspaper the following morning that he vowed to make sure it would be repeated in coming years. There was a period between 1947-55 when milk was apparently no longer offered, but the practice was revived in 1956 and has been a tradition ever since. [PAR] Have women competed in the Indianapolis 500? [PAR] Nine women have raced in the Indianapolis 500: [PAR] Janet Guthrie (1977-79) [PAR] Lyn St. James (1992-97, 2000) [PAR] Sarah Fisher (2000-04, 2007-10) [PAR] Helio Castroneves (2001) [PAR] Have there always been 33 cars in the starting field of the Indianapolis 500? [PAR] No. After 40 cars started in the inaugural race in 1911, the Contest Board of the American Automobile Association (AAA), the sanctioning body at the time, mandated a formula for limiting the size of a starting field according to the size of the track. It was determined that the safe distance between each car spread equally around a course would be 400 feet, thereby limiting the 2.5-mile Indianapolis Motor Speedway to 33 cars. Speedway President Carl Fisher, however, placed a limit of only 30 cars for the "500" between 1912 and 1914 and did not adopt AAA's 33 maximum until 1915. Although there had been numerous occasions between 1912 and 1928 when the field was not filled, the allowed number was increased during the Depression years to 40 cars between 1930 and 1932 (only 38 made it in 1930) and further to 42 in 1933. The maximum has been at | Who was the second American to win the Indianapolis 500 four times? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] 2002 Winter Olympics | Utah.com2002 Winter Olympics | Utah.com [PAR] [PAR] 2002 Winter Olympics [PAR] The 2002 Winter Olympic Games in Salt Lake City were an astounding success. Now, Utah residents and visitors alike can enjoy Olympic legacy facilities — Utah Olympic Park, Soldier Hollow and Utah Olympic Oval — which offer an array of activities for people of all ages, abilities and aspirations. Whether you are a recreational enthusiast, developing athlete, spectator or tourist, we encourage you to "Get Up & Go!" for a unique Olympic experience. Read more... [PAR] Discover [PAR] Snowbasin [PAR] Additional Information [PAR] Each venue has been transformed into a community facility, open year-round to the public for post-Games usage. There are introductory Olympic winter sports programs, public skating on "The Fastest Ice On Earth," tours of the Olympic facilities, tubing, cross-country skiing, public bobsled rides, ski jumping and freestyle aerial shows, 2002 Games exhibit and the Joe Quinney Winter Sports Center/Alf Engen Ski Museum. [PAR] Get Up & Go! [PAR] Games Overview [PAR] The XIX Olympic Games took place February 8th through February 24, 2002; afterwards, the VIII Paralympics Winter Games began March 7th, and concluded on March 16, 2002. [PAR] Salt Lake Olympic Committee's volunteer program had three phases with approximately 8,000 volunteers for pre-Game activities, 18,000 core volunteers for the Olympic Winter Games, and 6,000 volunteers for the Paralympic Winter Games. [PAR] SLOC accredited approximately 70,000 individuals for the Salt Lake Games. An estimated 2,345 athletes and 1,200 officials came from 80 National Olympic Committees (NOC's). More than 1,100 athletes and officials from 40 regions competed in the Paralympic Olympic Games. [PAR] Share[DOC] [TLE] Olympic Games - Olympics Wiki - WikiaOlympic Games | Olympics Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia [PAR] Main article: Summer Olympic Games [PAR] After the initial success, the Olympics struggled. The celebrations in Paris (1900) and St. Louis (1904) were overshadowed by the World's Fair exhibitions in which they were included. The 1906 Intercalated Games (so-called because of their off-year status, as 1906 is not divisible by four) were held in Athens, as the first of an alternating series of Athens-held Olympics. Although originally the IOC recognised and supported these games, they are currently not recognised by the IOC as Olympic Games, which has given rise to the explanation that they were intended to mark the 10th anniversary of the modern Olympics. The 1906 Games again attracted a broad international field of participants—in 1904, 80% had been American—and great public interest, thereby marking the beginning of a rise in popularity and size of the Games. [PAR] From the 241 participants from 14 nations in 1896, the Games grew to nearly 11,100 competitors from 202 countries at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens . The number of competitors at the Winter Olympics is much smaller than at the Summer Games; at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin Italy, 2,633 athletes from 80 countries competed in 84 events. [PAR] The Olympics are one of the largest media events. In Sydney in 2000, there were over 16,000 broadcasters and journalists, and an estimated 3.8 billion viewers watched the games on television. The growth of the Olympics is one of the largest problems the Olympics face today. Although allowing professional athletes and attracting sponsorships from major international companies solved financial problems in the 1980s, the large number of athletes, media and spectators makes it difficult and expensive for host cities to organize the Olympics. For example, the 2012 Olympics (which were held in London), is based on an updated budget of over £9bn—one of the biggest budgets for an Olympics to date. Even if sponsorships do lighten the load in terms of the debt that these countries take on, one of the biggest problems faced is how their economies will cope with the extra financial burdens put on them. [PAR] Despite the Olympics usually being associated with one host city, most of the Olympics have had events held in other cities, especially the football and sailing events. There were two Olympics where some events were held in a different country: during the 1920 Antwerp Olympics two sailing races | Where were the 2002 Winter Olympic Games held? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Baseball Almanac - Box Score of No-Hitter by Hideo NomoBaseball Almanac - Box Score of No-Hitter by Hideo Nomo [PAR] Support [PAR] Box Score of No-Hitter by Hideo Nomo [PAR] Hideo Nomo became the seventh Los Angeles Dodger to throw a no-hitter and the first pitcher to throw a gem in the unfriendly confines of Coors Field. This particular gem, which was the twentieth no-hitter of the Dodgers organization, was special not only because of the location, but also because it was thrown by a pitcher born in Japan and followed closely by his friends and family back home. [PAR] "I cannot say it was impossible, but I never was concerned about that. This is a big accomplishment for the team, not just for me. The team comes first." - Hideo Nomo [PAR] Hideo Nomo[DOC] [TLE] Hideo Nomo Baseball Stats by Baseball AlmanacHideo Nomo Baseball Stats by Baseball Almanac [PAR] Support [PAR] Hideo Nomo Stats [PAR] Hideo Nomo was born on Saturday, August 31, 1968, in Minato-ku, Osaka, Japan. Nomo was 26 years old when he broke into the big leagues on May 2, 1995, with the Los Angeles Dodgers. His biographical data, year-by-year hitting stats, fielding stats, pitching stats (where applicable), career totals, uniform numbers, salary data and miscellaneous items-of-interest are presented by Baseball Almanac on this comprehensive Hideo Nomo baseball stats page. [PAR] "Do you have a favorite quote from or about this particular player that you would like to see here? If so, please visit the Contact option on the menu above this line, send it to us, and we'll update this page" - Baseball Almanac [PAR] Please Sponsor This Online Baseball Card [PAR] Baseball Almanac started in 1999. Today, we have more than 500,000 pages of baseball history. More than 1.5 million baseball facts! EVERY DAY we update more than 600 pages, add a few more, and never stop preserving baseball history. [PAR] How can you help us? Simply click the PayPal button below, INCLUDE any player's name along with a message, and we will email you back (usually within 24 hours): [PAR] Hideo Nomo [PAR] Useful Tools: Glossary | Print Friendly [PAR] Hideo Nomo was the fifth player from Japan to play Major League Baseball, joining, Masanori Murakami (1964), Bobby Fenwick (1972), Steve Chitren (1990) and Jim Bowie (1994); however, when The Tornado was sent to the 1995 All-Star Game , he became the first Japanese -born player to appear in a Midsummer Classic . [PAR] On September 17, 1996 , Hideo Nomo threw his first of two career no-hitter, the first in Major League history by a twirler from Japan, and arguably more incredibly, the first in Coors Field (and through today the only no-no in Denver) - the most hitter-friendly park in Major League Baseball! [PAR] On April 4, 2001 , Hideo Nomo threw his second no-hitter, this time in a Boston Red Sox uniform (his first was with the Los Angeles Dodgers ), making The Tornado the fourth pitcher to throw a no-hitter in both leagues, joining Ed McFarland , Jim Bunning , and Nolan Ryan . [PAR] If you find this type of "free" data useful please consider making a donation to Baseball Almanac : a privately run / non-commercial site in need of financial assistance.[DOC] [TLE] Baseball: 9/17/1996 Dodgers At Rockies – Hideo Nomo’s 1st ...Baseball: 9/17/1996 Dodgers At Rockies – Hideo Nomo’s 1st No-Hitter | Verum Et Inventa [PAR] Jun 11 2016 [PAR] Baseball: 9/17/1996 Dodgers At Rockies – Hideo Nomo’s 1st No-Hitter [PAR] Nomo pulled this off against a team full of sluggers in the best hitter’s park in Major League Baseball. [PAR] From the Youtube description: 1996/09/17: LA Dodgers 9 at Colorado Rockies 0, F — Hideo Nomo capped an excellent sophomore season by tossing a no-hitter in the unlikeliest of ballparks, hitter-friendly Coors Field. [PAR] Title: 9/17/96: Nomo’s No-No ( YT link ) Uploaded by MLB Classics | Which was Hideo Nomo's first US baseball team? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Super Bowl MVPs - CNNSuper Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Updated 11:07 PM ET, Sun February 7, 2016 [PAR] Chat with us in Facebook Messenger. Find out what's happening in the world as it unfolds. [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl I (1967) – Green Bay Packers quarterback Bart Starr was named the Most Valuable Player of the first Super Bowl, which in January 1967 was just called the AFL-NFL World Championship Game. Starr threw for 250 yards and two touchdowns as the Packers defeated Kansas City 35-10 at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 1 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl II (1968) – Starr repeated the feat one year later as the Packers won back-to-back titles. Starr had 202 yards passing and one touchdown as Green Bay blew out Oakland 33-14. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 2 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl III (1969) – The New York Jets came into Super Bowl III as 18-point underdogs, but quarterback Joe Namath famously guaranteed that his team would upset the Baltimore Colts. After Namath led the way to a 16-7 victory, he was named the game's Most Valuable Player. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 3 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl IV (1970) – The Kansas City Chiefs lost the first Super Bowl, but they made it count the second time around. Quarterback Len Dawson had 142 yards and a touchdown as the Chiefs beat the Minnesota Vikings 23-7 in New Orleans. It was the second straight year that the AFL champions had defeated the NFL champions, and by the next season the two leagues had merged. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 4 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl V (1971) – Dallas Cowboys linebacker Chuck Howley, right, holds onto one of his two interceptions against the Baltimore Colts in Super Bowl V. Howley was named the game's MVP, but the Colts won the notoriously sloppy game with a Jim O'Brien field goal as time expired. To date, Howley remains the only player from a losing team to be named Super Bowl MVP. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 5 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl VI (1972) – Dallas atoned for its loss the next season, shutting down the Miami Dolphins 24-3. MVP quarterback Roger Staubach had two touchdown passes. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 6 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl VII (1973) – Miami safety Jake Scott intercepts a fourth-quarter pass in the end zone during the Dolphins' 14-7 win over Washington in Super Bowl VII. Scott had two interceptions in the game as the Dolphins finished their season with a perfect 17-0 record. They are still the only NFL team ever to finish a season undefeated. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 7 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl VIII (1974) – Powerful running back Larry Csonka carries two Minnesota defenders near the end zone as Miami won its second Super Bowl in a row. Csonka became the first running back to win Super Bowl MVP, rushing for 145 yards and two touchdowns. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 8 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl IX (1975) – Pittsburgh Steelers running back Franco Harris fights off Minnesota defender Paul Krause during Pittsburgh's 16-6 victory in Super Bowl IX. Harris ran for 158 yards and a touchdown on his way to winning MVP. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 9 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl X (1976) – This diving catch from Pittsburgh wide receiver Lynn Swann is one of the most iconic plays in Super Bowl history. Swann had a touchdown and 161 yards receiving as the Steelers defeated Dallas 21-17 to win their second straight Super Bowl. Swann was the first wide receiver to win MVP. [PAR] Hide Caption [PAR] 10 of 50 [PAR] Photos: Super Bowl MVPs [PAR] Super Bowl XI (1977) – Oakland Raiders wide receiver Fred Biletnikoff caught four passes for 79 yards to win MVP honors in Super Bowl XI. The | Who was the first MVP in a Super Bowl to be on the losing side? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] "Sugar" Ray Robinson (born Walker Smith Jr.) is BornToday in Masonic History - "Sugar" Ray Robinson (born Walker Smith Jr.) is Born [PAR] Get Today in Masonic History into your Inbox. Sign up today for one of our email lists ! [PAR] TODAY in Masonic History: [PAR] "Sugar" Ray Robinson (born Walker Smith Jr.) is Born [PAR] Today in Masonic History Sugar Ray Robinson (born Walker Smith Jr.) is born in 1921. [PAR] Sugar Ray Robinson (born Walker Smith Jr.) was an American boxer. [PAR] Robinson was born Walker Smith Jr. in or around Detroit Michigan. At the age of 12, Robinson's parents separated and Robinson moved with his mother to Harlem. When he was younger Robinson aspired to be a doctor. In the 9th grade he dropped out of Dewitt Clinton High School and began pursuing a boxing career. [PAR] When he was 15 he tried to enter his first boxing tournament. He was refused because he did not have an Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) card. To circumvent the AAU rules he "borrowed" a birth certificate from his friend Ray Robinson. In one of his fights during the tournament a woman in the crowd said he was "sweet as sugar", the name stuck and he would be "Sugar" Ray Robinson the rest of his career. [PAR] Robinson would finish his amateur career in 1940 after wining the Golden Gloves Featherweight Championship in 1939 and the Golden Gloves Lightweight Championship. His record was 85-0 with 69 knockouts, 40 of which came in the first round. [PAR] Robinson started his professional career in 1940. In 1942 he would be named boxer of the year. Through the beginning of 1943, Robinson would have a record of 43-0. In 1943, Robinson would come up against Jake Lamotta, their previous match ended with a decision for Robinson. This time Lamotta, who had about 16lbs on Robinson knocked him out of the ring in the eighth round. [PAR] Just a few months later, Robinson was inducted into the Army. One of his childhood idols, Joe Louis was drafted at the same time and prior to shipping out overseas the two would fight exhibition matches for United States Servicemen. On March 29th, 1944, the day before he was supposed to ship out to Europe, Robinson disappeared from his barracks and did not reappear until April 5th when he was found in hospital. Robinson had fallen down a flight of stairs in his barracks and in a daze wondered off. On April 1st he was found by a stranger and taken to the hospital. When he awoke on April 5th, he had no memory going back to the the moment he fell down the stairs. Initially there was talk of charging Robinson with desertion, the doctors that treated Robinson vouched for him and he was given an honorable discharge. [PAR] In 1946, with a record of 73-1-1, Robinson sought the Welterweight Championship. At the time the mafia controlled the much of boxing and Robinson refused to cooperate with them. In December 1946, he finally got his shot and would defeat Tommy Bell in a close 15 round decision. [PAR] In 1947, Robinson was scheduled to defend his title against Jimmy Doyle. Robinson tried to pull out of the fight after he had several dreams in which he killed Doyle in the ring. A priest and a minister convinced him to go ahead with the fight. Unfortunately Robinson's premonition was correct and in the eighth round of the fight Robinson would knock Doyle out and he would later pass away in the hospital. Talk swirled about charging Robinson with manslaughter, nothing came of the rumors. Prior to the fight Doyle had made it public that if he won the fight he was going to buy his mother a house. Robinson gave his winnings to Doyle's mother from his next 4 fights to fulfill Doyle's promise to his mother. [PAR] In 1950, Robinson defended his Welterweight Title twice. The first was against Charley Fusari. After wining the fight Robinson donated all but $1 to cancer research. In the second title fight, Robinson came up against George Costner who also called himself "Sugar". Leading up to the fight | How was Walker Smith Robinson better known? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Jack Ruby kills Lee Harvey Oswald - History.comJack Ruby kills Lee Harvey Oswald - Nov 24, 1963 - HISTORY.com [PAR] Jack Ruby kills Lee Harvey Oswald [PAR] Share this: [PAR] Jack Ruby kills Lee Harvey Oswald [PAR] Author [PAR] Jack Ruby kills Lee Harvey Oswald [PAR] URL [PAR] Publisher [PAR] A+E Networks [PAR] At 12:20 p.m., in the basement of the Dallas police station, Lee Harvey Oswald, the alleged assassin of President John F. Kennedy, is shot to death by Jack Ruby, a Dallas nightclub owner. [PAR] On November 22, President Kennedy was fatally shot while riding in an open-car motorcade through the streets of downtown Dallas. Less than an hour after the shooting, Lee Harvey Oswald killed a policeman who questioned him on the street. Thirty minutes after that, he was arrested in a movie theater by police. Oswald was formally arraigned on November 23 for the murders of President Kennedy and Officer J.D. Tippit. [PAR] On November 24, Oswald was brought to the basement of the Dallas police headquarters on his way to a more secure county jail. A crowd of police and press with live television cameras rolling gathered to witness his departure. As Oswald came into the room, Jack Ruby emerged from the crowd and fatally wounded him with a single shot from a concealed .38 revolver. Ruby, who was immediately detained, claimed that rage at Kennedy’s murder was the motive for his action. Some called him a hero, but he was nonetheless charged with first-degree murder. [PAR] Jack Ruby, originally known as Jacob Rubenstein, operated strip joints and dance halls in Dallas and had minor connections to organized crime. He also had a relationship with a number of Dallas policemen, which amounted to various favors in exchange for leniency in their monitoring of his establishments. He features prominently in Kennedy-assassination theories, and many believe he killed Oswald to keep him from revealing a larger conspiracy. In his trial, Ruby denied the allegation and pleaded innocent on the grounds that his great grief over Kennedy’s murder had caused him to suffer “psychomotor epilepsy” and shoot Oswald unconsciously. The jury found him guilty of the “murder with malice” of Oswald and sentenced him to die. [PAR] In October 1966, the Texas Court of Appeals reversed the decision on the grounds of improper admission of testimony and the fact that Ruby could not have received a fair trial in Dallas at the time. In January 1967, while awaiting a new trial, to be held in Wichita Falls, Ruby died of lung cancer in a Dallas hospital. [PAR] The official Warren Commission report of 1964 concluded that neither Oswald nor Ruby were part of a larger conspiracy, either domestic or international, to assassinate President Kennedy. Despite its seemingly firm conclusions, the report failed to silence conspiracy theories surrounding the event, and in 1978 the House Select Committee on Assassinations concluded in a preliminary report that Kennedy was “probably assassinated as a result of a conspiracy” that may have involved multiple shooters and organized crime. The committee’s findings, as with those of the Warren Commission, continue to be widely disputed. [PAR] Related Videos[DOC] [TLE] Lee Harvey OswaldLee Harvey Oswald (October 18, 1939 – November 24, 1963) was an American sniper who assassinated President John F. Kennedy on November 22, 1963. According to five U.S. government investigations,These were investigations by: the Federal Bureau of Investigation (1963), the Warren Commission (1964), the House Select Committee on Assassinations (1979), the Secret Service, and the Dallas Police Department. Oswald shot and killed Kennedy as Kennedy traveled by motorcade through Dealey Plaza in the city of Dallas, Texas. [PAR] Oswald was a former U.S. Marine who defected to the Soviet Union in October 1959. He lived in the Belarusian city of Minsk until June 1962, at which time he returned to the United States with his Russian wife, eventually settling in Dallas. [PAR] Following Kennedy's assassination, Oswald was initially arrested for the murder of police officer J. D. Tippit, who was killed on a Dallas street approximately 45 minutes after President Kennedy was shot. Oswald was later charged with the murder of Kennedy; he denied shooting anybody, saying that he was a patsy. | President Kennedy was shot on 22nd November; what day was Lee Harvey Oswald shot? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Floyd Patterson - Biography - IMDbFloyd Patterson - Biography - IMDb [PAR] Floyd Patterson [PAR] Jump to: Overview (3) | Mini Bio (1) | Spouse (1) | Trivia (28) | Personal Quotes (3) [PAR] Overview (3) [PAR] 6' (1.83 m) [PAR] Mini Bio (1) [PAR] Floyd Patterson was born on January 4, 1935 in Waco, North Carolina, USA. He was an actor, known for World's Heavyweight Championship Fight: Floyd Patterson Heavyweight Champion of the World versus Ingemar Johansson Heavyweight Champion of Europe (1959), Float Like a Butterfly, Sting Like a Bee (1969) and Terrible Joe Moran (1984). He was married to Janet Sequist. He died on May 11, 2006 in New Paltz, New York, USA. [PAR] Spouse (1) [PAR] ( 1 March 1965 - 11 May 2006) (his death) (3 children) [PAR] Trivia (28) [PAR] Middleweight boxing gold medalist, 1952 Olympics. [PAR] World heavyweight boxing champion, 1956-1959, 1960-1962. [PAR] Inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame, 1991. [PAR] Born at 2:30pm-EST [PAR] Inducted into the World Boxing Hall of Fame, 1985. [PAR] Inducted into the U.S. Olympic Hall of Fame, 1987. [PAR] Fought six world champions and defeated two. [PAR] First man to regain the World's Heavyweight Title. [PAR] Fought for the World's Heavyweight Title 5 times. [PAR] Won six title defenses all by knockout. [PAR] Fought from 1952-1972. Never officially retired from the ring. Rumors of a comeback continued until 1975. [PAR] Lost to world champions Joey Maxim , Ingemar Johansson , Sonny Liston , Muhammad Ali and Jimmy Ellis. His loss to Ellis was by a controversial decision. [PAR] Was the first fighter to defeat Roy Harris(22-0) and Tom McNeeley(23-0). [PAR] Served twice as chairman of the New York State Athletic Commission. [PAR] Sent to the Wiltwyck School for Boys, upon his release, began boxing. [PAR] Inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1991. [PAR] Retired in 1972. [PAR] Adopted 13-year-old boxer Tracy Harris. Tracy Harris Patterson won the WBC super bantamweight championship in 1992, under his father's coaching. [PAR] Left Comiskey Park in Chicago wearing dark glasses and a fake beard, after being knocked out in the first round by Sonny Liston in 1962. [PAR] Counseled troubled children for the New York State Office of Children and Family Services after retiring from the NYSAC. [PAR] Is one of eleven children. [PAR] Floyd almost won the Heavyweight Title a 3rd time. On 9/14/68 he fought Jimmy Eliis for the WBA World Heavyweight Championship in Sweden and appeared to be the winner after 15 rounds. Ellis suffered a broken nose early and and was bleeding throughout the fight. The one judge was the referee who cast his vote for Ellis.There was also a controversial knockdown of Ellis. [PAR] The only fighters to beat him by decision were Joey Maxim (1952) , Jerry Quarry (1967),who also fought to a draw with Floyd earlier that same year, and Jimmy Elllis (1968). . [PAR] He shares the distinction with Andrew Golotta of being the only fighters to be knocked out in the first round of two World Heavyweight title fights. Patterson, twice by Sonny Liston (1962 and 1963). Golotta, by Lennox Lewis (1997) and Lamont Brewster (2005). [PAR] Ironically, In 1965 , Floyd as an ex champ, easily outpointed long time contender Eddie Machin , one of several contenders he was accused of "ducking" in his reign as champion. Floyd, stated after the bout that he could have easily KO'd Machen, but was concerned about Machen's history of depression. Machen, in 1960, lost a close 12 round decision to Floyd's nemesis Sonny Liston. [PAR] Personal Quotes (3) [PAR] They said I was the fighter who got knocked down the most, but I also got up the most. [PAR] If it wasn't for boxing, I would probably be behind bars or dead. [PAR] "I'm sorry | Who was the first boxer to twice regain the world heavyweight title? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Peter Nicol: Overview of Peter Nicol - Gazetteer for ScotlandPeter Nicol: Overview of Peter Nicol [PAR] Peter Nicol [PAR] 1973 - [PAR] Squash world champion. Nicol was born in Inverurie , son of the Scottish national squash team coach. By 1992, the left-handed player had entered the world rankings and within three years was in the top five. He reached No. 1 by 1998, and in the same year became the first Briton for 25 years to win the British Open and went on to take the gold medal for Scotland in the Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia). In recognition of his achievements, Nicol was awarded an MBE in the Queen's Birthday Honours list (1999). [PAR] With his father, Nicol owns a sports club in Westhill near Aberdeen . [PAR] Nicol courted controversy when he left Scotland to join the English team because of poor funding of the sport north of the border (2001). He now lives in London. [PAR] Use the tabs on the right of this page to see other parts of this entry[DOC] [TLE] British Open: Nick Matthew on course for record third win ...British Open: Nick Matthew on course for record third win - BBC Sport [PAR] BBC Sport [PAR] British Open: Nick Matthew on course for record third win [PAR] 19 May 2012 [PAR] Nick Matthew remains on course to become the first Englishman in the British Open's 82-year history to win the title for a third time. [PAR] The 31-year-old dispatched fellow countryman Peter Barker 11-5 11-8 11-6 in 45 minutes to reach Sunday's final. [PAR] Top seed James Willstrop failed to make it an all-English final, losing 8-11 11-6 11-6 11-8 to Egyptian Ramy Ashour. [PAR] In the women's final, Malaysia's world champion Nicol David will meet 16-year-old Egyptian Nour El Sherbini. [PAR] I wanted to get on top early and I managed to do that [PAR] Nick Matthew [PAR] David, 28, has been a dominant force in women's squash for the past seven years, and beat England's Laura Massaro with an impressive 11-5 11-8 11-4. [PAR] Her next opponent, world junior champion El Sherbini, became the first Egyptian female to reach a British Open final after beating compatriot Raneem El Weleily 14-12 7-11 11-4 11-9. [PAR] Sheffield-born Matthew, whose previous two final appearances in 2006 and 2009 ended in victory, faced Barker in the last-four match after the sixth seed from London upset second-seeded Frenchman Gregory Gaultier in the quarter-finals. [PAR] "I was pleased with the way I started," said Matthew. "I knew Peter had a hard match last night so I wanted to get on top early and I managed to do that. [PAR] "I'm looking forward to playing the final tomorrow in such a tremendous venue and atmosphere." [PAR] Share this page[DOC] [TLE] Squash: British Open secures future - TelegraphSquash: British Open secures future - Telegraph [PAR] Squash: British Open secures future [PAR] By Richard Collins [PAR] 8:53PM BST 26 Mar 2001 [PAR] THE British Open, the future of which has been at risk in recent years , has found a lasting venue at the National Indoor Arena in Birmingham following a deal which was announced yesterday. [PAR] The tournament, which has been held for 79 years, was rescued with only three weeks to spare in 1999 and will now be held at the NIA for at least the next seven years. [PAR] This follows an agreement between the Squash Rackets Association, Birmingham City Council and the intellectual property rights acquisition company, Fablon Investment Limited . [PAR] The next British Open will be in less than 10 weeks' time - between June 6 and 10 - but the SRA hopes that the world's most renowned squash tournament will return to its traditional date in April. [PAR] "If we can do that, which is likely to happen in 2002, then the British Open will truly have come home," said Stuart Courtney, the association's chief executive. [PAR] Related Articles[DOC] [TLE] Name: Peter Nicol - Squash PlayerPeter Nicol [PAR] Peter Nicol [PAR] Date of | Peter Nichol became the first Brit in 25 years to win the British open in which sport? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Original 1974 On-Site Zaire Muhammad Ali vs George Foreman ...Lot Detail - Original 1974 On-Site Zaire Muhammad Ali vs George Foreman "Rumble In the Jungle" Fight Poster [PAR] Original 1974 On-Site Zaire Muhammad Ali vs George Foreman "Rumble In the Jungle" Fight Poster [PAR] Bidding [PAR] This lot is closed for bidding. Bidding ended on 2/8/2015 [PAR] This is an extremely rare original on-site 1974 fight poster for what has become known to history as “The Greatest Heavyweight Championship Battle of All Time" - "The Rumble in the Jungle". Fought between George Foreman and Muhammad Ali in Zaire, the first heavyweight championship fight ever fought in Africa! Both fighters were former Olympic Gold Medal winners and the heavily-favored Foreman was undefeated up until this time. Ali proved once and for all that he was "The Greatest”, brilliantly allowing Foreman to punch himself out. Ali suddenly came alive and used his famous "Rope-A-Dope" technique to defeat Foreman in the 8th round. As a result of this fight, Muhammad Ali was named Fighter of the Year by Ring magazine, and "Sportsman of the Year" by Sports Illustrated. Ali also received the 1974 Hickok Belt Award being named Professional Athlete of the Year. This rare poster printed on light cardboard measures 14” x 18” and pictures both fighters in a waist high aggressive pose. Printed in French, the native language in Zaire, this exceptional poster is from the very first printing advertising the fight as it is dated for the original scheduled date of September 25 whereas the actual fight was rescheduled due to an injury to Foreman’s hand and fought October 29. An unbelievably attractive artifact from the greatest heavyweight bout of all-time! Comes with Gotta Have It LOA. [PAR] Original 1974 On-Site Zaire Muhammad Ali vs George Foreman "Rumble In the Jungle" Fight Poster [PAR] Click above for larger image. [PAR] Bidding[DOC] [TLE] Celebrating the 35th Anniversary of the Ali-Foreman Rumble ...Celebrating the 35th Anniversary of the Ali-Foreman Rumble in the Jungle | Bleacher Report [PAR] Celebrating the 35th Anniversary of the Ali-Foreman Rumble in the Jungle [PAR] By King J , Senior Writer [PAR] Oct 29, 2009 [PAR] Use your ← → (arrow) keys to browse more stories [PAR] 890 [PAR] 0 [PAR] Comments [PAR] The Rumble in the Jungle turns 35 years old today. For those of you who are not aware that is, it was the historic legendary heavyweight championship fight between a prime, undefeated monster heavyweight champion known as "Big George" George Foreman and an aging Muhammad Ali. This fight took place in Zaire, Africa on Oct. 30, 1974. [PAR] Ali, for most of the fight, utilized a new very risky method known as the "rope-a-dope." This involved Ali leaning backwards into the ropes, allowing Foreman to aggressively punch himself out. [PAR] Foreman took the bait and eventually punched himself out landing most of his thunderous blows onto the blocked arms and gloves of Ali. Finally, in the eighth round, Foreman began to significantly tire and Ali saw his chance to open up and hit him with a left hook and big right hand to the face of Foreman knocking him down to the canvas. [PAR] Foreman just laid their looking up as if he did not know what had hit him and his body would not respond to even attempting to pick himself off the ground and was eventually counted out. [PAR] Many forget how different this version of George Foreman was back in 1974. He was not your cute cuddly Christian teddy bear with a smile who now makes a fortune selling you George Foreman grills. This 1974 version of George Foreman was a beast. [PAR] He was mean and powerful with no mercy, destroying any opponent that stood in his way. Foreman utterly annihilated the only two men at the time to defeat Ali: Ken Norton and Joe Frazier, punishing them for two rounds until they were both knocked out. [PAR] These were some of the reasons why Foreman was such a betting favorite and Ali was such an underdog going into the fight. That's what made the result of the fight so much | Where was the Rumble in the Ali v Foreman fight in Zaire in 1974? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Wimbledon moments: Navratilova reclaims her crown | TennisheadWimbledon moments: Navratilova reclaims her crown | Tennishead [PAR] Wimbledon moments: Navratilova reclaims her crown [PAR] They don't put an asterisk next to your name saying you won but didn't play that well [PAR] In the first of our 'Wimbledon moments' series we look back at Martina Navratilova's final singles victory in 1990 [PAR] Arguably the greatest tennis player of all time, it was at Wimbledon where Martina Navratilova enjoyed her greatest successes. Of her 18 Grand Slam singles titles, nine came on the lawns of SW19, including six in a row from 1982-87 - a feat unmatched by any other player at a major event. She also won the doubles seven times at Wimbledon and the mixed doubles on four occasions. Her reign stretched from 1976, when she won her first doubles title at the age of 19, to 2003, when she lifted her final mixed doubles title, taking her to 20 overall and tying her with Billie Jean King for most Wimbledon titles. [PAR] It was in 1990 that she won her ninth and last singles title, beating Helen Wills Moody's record of eight and taking her win-loss record at Wimbledon to a remarkable 99-9. Two of those losses had come in the previous two finals against Steffi Graf. The German beat the six-time defending champion 5-7 6-2 6-1 in 1988 to win her first title at the All England Club and complete the third part of her Golden Slam. [PAR] Graf returned to SW19 a year later to beat Navratilova again in three sets in the final and was looking to make it a hat-trick of wins in 1990. Navratilova, though, had other ideas. “I knew I had one more Wimbledon title in me. Although I don`t know if too many other people believed I'd do it,” she said. [PAR] The second seed had little trouble reaching the final for the ninth consecutive year as she dropped just 24 games in six matches. She swept aside Katerina Maleeva 6-1 6-1 and repeated the scoreline against Karin Kschwendt, who admitted afterwards: "It was so strange to see Martina live [rather than on TV]. My heart was booming. I was maybe too impressed.” [PAR] The scorelines, though, were also an indication of how well Navratilova was playing, despite her earlier suggestion that she didn’t care how she won her ninth title. “I didn't care if I scraped and scratched to get this. They don't put an asterisk next to your name saying you won but didn't play that well,” she commented. [PAR] Navratilova’s chances of reclaiming her Wimbledon crown rose significantly after Zina Garrison-Jackson upset Graf 6-3 3-6 6-4 in the semi-finals. “It was easier and harder playing Zina,” said Navratilova, who had won 27 of their previous 28 matches. “I didn't have to play Steffi, but there would have been no pressure playing Steffi. I'd beaten Zina 27 times. God knows, I should do it again. She beat Graf and earned her place in the final.” [PAR] Garrison-Jackson made a positive start in the final as she held to love in the opening game and then earned a break point in the second game. But Navratilova saved it with a volley into the corner, won the game after the third deuce and then immediately broke Garrison to go 2-1 ahead. She held her serve comfortably to take the set 6-4 and then broke Garrison in the third game of the second set to put her in complete control of the contest. “This was my match to win,” she said. “There are always doubts, but I knew this may have been my best chance to do it. I had the chance, and I wanted to grab it.” [PAR] After saving a break point in the next game there was no stopping Navratilova as she wrapped up victory in an hour and 15 minutes. “This tops it all,” she said. "I've worked so hard for it. They say good | Who did Martina Navratilova beat to win her ninth Wimbledon title? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Steffi GRAF - Olympic Tennis | GermanySteffi GRAF - Olympic Tennis | Germany [PAR] Steffi GRAF [PAR] This German tennis legend was ranked world number one for a record 378 weeks – just one of her many achievements. [PAR] Early progress [PAR] In 1984, Steffi Graf, just 15 years old, won the Olympic tennis demonstration tournament despite being its youngest entrant. By 1987 she was ranked number one in the world. In 1988, Graf won the Australian Open, the French Open, Wimbledon and, less than a week before the Seoul Olympic Games, the US Open. This made her only the fifth player in history to win tennis' Grand Slam. [PAR] Pioneering victory [PAR] She arrived at the Seoul Games on a 35-match winning streak. In the Olympic final, she defeated Argentina’s Gabriela Sabatini 6-3, 6-3 to achieve the first “Golden Slam” – all five Grand Slam titles plus the Olympic gold medal. No one in women’s tennis has achieved it since. [PAR] Retiring at the top [PAR] Graf retired in 1999 while still number three in the world, having dominated the sport for over a decade. In the same year she was awarded the Olympic Order. [PAR] A winning partnership [PAR] Widely regarded as one of the best players in the game’s history, Steffi Graf now lives in Las Vegas, USA, with her husband, American tennis great Andre Agassi.[DOC] [TLE] Steffi Graf – The Only Tennis Player to Win a Golden Slam ...Steffi Graf - The Only Tennis Player to Win a Golden Slam in 1988 | STEVE G TENNIS [PAR] Tweet [PAR] [PAR] For those fortunate enough, winning a Grand Slam singles event is the pinnacle of a career, never to be repeated again. Winning more than one proves to the world that your first was not just a ‘flash in the pan’. A select group of players have managed to win a career Grand Slam. An even more select group has managed to win a calendar Grand Slam – Don Budge (1938) and Rod Laver among the men (Laver on two occasions in 1962 and 1969) and among the women, Maureen Connolly (1953), Margaret Court (1970) and Steffi Graf (1988) (Player Profile) . Only Graf, however, has succeeded in winning a calendar year Golden Slam – the four Majors and an Olympic gold medal all in one year, in Graf’s case in 1988. [PAR] While a Golden Slam has only been a possibility since 1988 (the first year in which tennis was made an official Olympic sport), winning it is still a monumental achievement. What is particularly remarkable about the Graf achievement is that it took place so early on in her career. She was still relatively young at the time (25) and she had a career that involved her winning Grand Slam singles events as late as 1996. Taking the Golden Slam when she had just reached the pinnacle of the game and had not yet fully consolidated her position over Evert and Navratilova, was outstanding. Let us look at the background context and Graf’s progress towards reaching that record in 1988. [PAR] Towards the end of the1980s, the tennis world was speculating over who would replace the two great titans of the women’s game after they had retired – Chris Evert and Martina Navratilova. Graf came into the 1988 season after winning one Grand Slam event in 1987, the French Open and also reaching that year’s US Open final where she lost to Navratilova. Both Evert and Navratilova were acutely conscious of this new talent on tour and had registered their admiration of Graf’s game to the tennis media. [PAR] As always, the Grand Slam year commenced that year with the Australian Open in January in Melbourne. It was the first year the Australian Open had not been played on grass, but was thenceforth to be a hard court event in an impressive new tennis facility. Graf’s first three matches saw her ease through against relative unknowns. Only in the fourth round, did she face a ‘name’ in the shape of the world ranked no. 13, Catarina Lindquist whom she also managed to dispatch in two easy sets. Steffi’s next opponent was the Czech, Hana Mandlikova | In 1988 who won the tennis Grand Slam and Olympic gold? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] George Foreman vs. Muhammad Ali - BoxRecGeorge Foreman vs. Muhammad Ali - BoxRec [PAR] George Foreman vs. Muhammad Ali [PAR] From BoxRec [PAR] Jump to: navigation , search [PAR] 1974-10-30 : George Foreman 220 lbs lost to Muhammad Ali 216½ lbs by KO at 2:58 in round 8 of 15 [PAR] Location: Stade du 20 Mai, Kinshasa, Congo (Democratic Republic Of The) [PAR] 1.6 Sources [PAR] The Rumble in the Jungle [PAR] "The Rumble in The Jungle" was a historic boxing match which took place on October 30, 1974 in the May 20 Stadium in Kinshasa, Zaire (now Democratic Republic of the Congo). It pitted then World Heavyweight Champion George Foreman against former champion and #1 contender Muhammad Ali , who became the second fighter ever, after Floyd Patterson , to regain the World Heavyweight Championship. [PAR] The event was Don King 's first big venture as a boxing promoter. He managed to get both Ali and Foreman to agree to let him promote the fight if he could get them $5 million each. However, King did not have the money, so he began looking for an outside country to sponsor the event. Zaire's flamboyant president, Mobutu Sese Seko, asked for the fight to be held in his country, eager for the publicity such a high-profile event would bring. [PAR] The fight was shown on closed-circuit television at about 450 locations in the United States and Canada and was seen in roughly 100 countries worldwide. The fight was scheduled to start at 4:00 a.m. in Zaire to accommodate audiences in the United States. [PAR] Build up to the Fight [PAR] Ali was stripped of the World Heavyweight Championship and suspended from boxing for three and a half years following his refusal to enter the U.S. Army in 1967. He was able to regain a boxing license in 1970 and promptly fought two comeback fights, against Jerry Quarry and Oscar Bonavena . The following year, Ali fought Joe Frazier for the World Heavyweight Championship in a bout dubbed the Fight of the Century , which Frazier won by a unanimous decision. Over the next three years, Ali stayed active against other contenders while he campaigned for another title shot. [PAR] Foreman had quickly risen from his gold medal victory at the 1968 Olympics and into the top ranks of professional heavyweights. Although considered by many to be somewhat slow and clumsy, Foreman was greatly feared for his punching power, size, and sheer physical dominance. Still, Joe Frazier and his handlers believed that despite Foreman's ever growing list of knockout victories, he would be too slow and unrefined to stand up to Frazier's relentless attacks. This would turn out to be a grave miscalculation, as Foreman, a 3½ to 1 underdog, won the championship in grand fashion by knocking Frazier down six times in two rounds before the bout was stopped. Foreman further solidified his hold over the heavyweight division with a second-round destruction of Ken Norton , who was the only man besides Frazier (at that point in time) to defeat Ali (breaking Ali's jaw in the process). [PAR] By the time Ali and Foreman met, Ali had avenged his losses to both Norton and Frazier, but Foreman was an overwhelming favorite against a slowing and aging Ali. [PAR] Foreman and Ali spent much of the summer of 1974 training in Zaire and getting their bodies used to the weather in the tropical African country. The fight was originally set to happen on September 24, but the fight was postponed after Foreman was cut during training. It was rescheduled for October 30. [PAR] Ali was a very endearing figure to the people of Zaire and his mind games played out well, turning the Congolese people in his favor and against Foreman. A popular chant leading up to, and during the fight, was "Ali bomaye!," which means "Ali, kill him!" [PAR] The Rumble [PAR] Insiders say that Foreman and his handlers actually prayed in his dressing room before the fight that Foreman would not kill Ali, so high was the anticipation that Ali was simply no match for Foreman. [PAR] Ali came out dancing in the first round and Foreman went right at him. Ali made good use of | Who fought George Foreman in the Rumble In The Jungle? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] How Many People Can Play Tug Of War? | WonderopolisHow Many People Can Play Tug Of War? | Wonderopolis [PAR] Wonder of the Day #291 [PAR] How Many People Can Play Tug Of War? [PAR] How many people can play tug of war? [PAR] When did tug of war start? [PAR] Do grown-ups still play tug of war? [PAR] Tags: [PAR] Listen [PAR] At summer camps around the United States, kids of all ages square off in a battle of strength that dates back centuries. Is the water balloon toss really that old? No! We're talking about tug of war! [PAR] Tug of war is a sport that pits two teams against each other to test their strength using nothing more than a rope and pure muscle . Although we can't be sure exactly when the first-ever tug of war match took place, we do know that it was a long, long time ago. [PAR] Ancient Chinese texts claim that military commanders used tug of war (then called “hook pulling") to train warriors 7,000 to 10,000 years ago. Archaeologists have also found evidence that tug of war was popular in India in the 12th century. [PAR] There is also evidence that tug of war was common in ancient Egypt. Old Egyptian legend holds that the sun and the moon played tug of war over light and darkness. [PAR] The phrase “tug of war" didn't always refer to the game we know today, though. The Oxford English Dictionary indicates that “tug of war" used to mean “the decisive contest; the real struggle or tussle ; a severe contest for supremacy ." It wasn't until the 19th century that “tug of war" became associated with the sport between two teams tugging on the ends of a rope. [PAR] To play tug of war, you really only need a rope — or anything with opposite ends to tug on — and at least two people. Of course, the more people involved, the more fun it is. [PAR] The number of people who can play is really only limited by how long the rope is. Serious tug of war contests usually pit two teams of eight players against each other. [PAR] The winning team is the one that pulls the other team past a predetermined point. Often this point is marked on the ground. [PAR] Flags are spaced equally along the rope from the center point. As soon as one team pulls the other team far enough for their flag to cross the line, they win. [PAR] To make things even more fun, there are many variations that can be included. Sometimes teams play tug of war on either side of a small body of water, with the losers getting pulled into the water. Even more fun is playing on either side of a mud pit! [PAR] Tug of war is played in probably every country in the world. Many countries have even set up national governing bodies to oversee the sport. Today, there are more than 50 countries associated with an international tug of war governing body, known as the Tug of War International Federation (TWIF) . [PAR] Although tug of war was included in the Olympic Games from 1900 to 1920, it is no longer an Olympic sport. Tug of war is currently played in the World Games, and the TWIF regularly organizes tug of war world championships. So, yes, even grown-ups still play tug of war! [PAR] Wonder Words (18) [PAR] Test your knowledge [PAR] Wonder What's Next? [PAR] A cup of chai tea may be the perfect drink to help you relax after tomorrow’s Wonder of the Day! [PAR] Try It Out [PAR] Are you ready to play tug of war? Find a few friends or family members to help you check out the following activities: [PAR] Want to test your strength? That's right! It's time to participate in that centuries-old game known as tug of war. You'll need a few players to start. Split up into teams of comparable size. Find a rope…or something similar to tug upon. Mark the center of the rope with a marker or some tape. Also mark a center line on the ground as | How many people are there in an official tug of war team? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Billy Crystal - Jewish Entertainment - Jew Watch NewsBilly Crystal - Jewish Entertainment - Jew Watch News [PAR] Jewish Actors, Playwrights, Comedians, Musicians [PAR] Billy Crystal [PAR] William Edward"Billy"Crystal (born March 14, 1948). Mr. Crystal is an American actor, writer, producer, comedian, and film director. Crystal gained prominence in the 1970s for playing Jodie Dallas on the ABC sitcom Soap and became a Hollywood film star during the late 1980s and 1990s, appearing in the critical and box office successes When Harry Met Sally... and City Slickers. Billy Crystal has hosted the Academy Awards nine times, including the 84th Academy Awards in 2012. [PAR] Early life [PAR] Crystal was born in the Doctor's Hospital in Manhattan and raised on Long Island in Long Beach, the son of Helen (n�e Gabler), a housewife, and Jack Crystal, a record company executive and jazz producer who also owned and operated the Commodore Record store. Billy Crystal's babysitter was occasionally Billie Holiday. Billy Crystal's uncle was musician and songwriter Milt Gabler, and his brother, Richard "Rip" Crystal, is a television producer. Mr. Billy Crystal grew up in a Jewish family that he has described as "large" and "loving". [PAR] After graduation from Long Beach High School, Billy Crystal attended Marshall University in Huntington, West Virginia on a baseball scholarship, having learned the game from his father, who pitched for St. John's University. Billy Crystal never played a game at Marshall because the program was suspended during his freshman year, and because he was too busy being the Editor in Chief of The BG News from 1969�70. Billy Crystal did not return to Marshall as a sophomore, staying back in New York with his future wife. He instead attended Nassau Community College and later New York University, where Billy Crystal graduated in 1970 with a BFA from its Tisch School of the Arts. [PAR] Career [PAR] Television [PAR] Billy Crystal returned to New York City and performed regularly at The Improv and Catch a Rising Star . He studied film and television direction under Martin Scorsese at New York University . In 1976, Crystal appeared on an episode of All in the Family . He was on the dais for The Dean Martin Celebrity Roast of Muhammad Ali on February 19, 1976, where he did impressions of both Ali and sportscaster Howard Cosell . He was scheduled to appear on the first episode of NBC Saturday Night (later renamed Saturday Night Live) (October 11, 1975), but his sketch was cut. [8] He did do a stand-up bit later in that first season as Bill Crystal, on the April 17, 1976, episode; the "Can you dig it? I knew that you could." portion of which was repeatedly quoted by characters in the 1977 feature film Saturday Night Fever . [PAR] Crystal's earliest prominent role was as Jodie Dallas on Soap , one of the first unambiguously homosexual characters in the cast of an American television series. He continued in the role during the series' entire 1977�1981 run. [PAR] In 1982, Billy Crystal hosted his own variety show, The Billy Crystal Comedy Hour on NBC. It lasted five episodes. [PAR] After hosting Saturday Night Live in 1984, he joined the regular cast. [8] His most famous recurring sketch was his parody of Fernando Lamas , Fernando, a smarmy talk show host whose catchphrase , "You look... mahvelous!," became a media sensation. [8] Crystal subsequently released an album of his stand-up material titled Mahvelous! in 1985, as well as the single "You Look Marvelous", which peaked at No. 58 on the Billboard Hot 100 during the same year. Also in the 1980s, Crystal starred in an episode of Shelley Duvall 's Faerie Tale Theatre as the smartest of the three little pigs. [PAR] In 1996, Crystal was the guest star of the third episode of Muppets Tonight . [PAR] Billy Crystal hosted three | Billy Crystal had a full college scholarship in which sport? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Curragh | Ireland.comCurragh | Ireland.com [PAR] Curragh [PAR] Curragh Racecourse [PAR] Curragh, Kildare [PAR] The Curragh is the home of Irish flat racing and the largest horse training centre in the country. It is named in early manuscripts as a meeting place of celtic kings and chieftans. Read more [PAR] Curragh Plains [PAR] Curragh, Kildare [PAR] Curragh Plains, Fáilte Ireland approved B&B offers bed and breakfast in a handsome building standing in its own extensive grounds. Ideally located to the Curragh and Punchestown Race Course, Newbridge town and Keadeen Hotel. Read more [PAR] Martinstown House [PAR] Curragh, Kildare [PAR] Martinstown House is a stunning Strawberry Gothic, Historic Country Home, where informal elegance meets supreme comfort. It's the perfect mix of old fashioned hospitality and modern comfort. Open fires, antique furniture and beautiful gardens. Read more [PAR] The Farm Mews [PAR] Curragh, Kildare [PAR] The Farm Mews is a comfortable mews attached to a family farmhouse in the Curragh County Kildare. Built in the 1870s, this self catering mews boasts an open-plan living room with a wood-burning stove, a loft bedroom and a kitchenette. Read more [PAR] Royal Curragh Golf Club [PAR] Curragh, Kildare [PAR] Quality Approved Golf Club, Approved to Fáilte Ireland standards, which means the services and facilities have been independently checked out before you tee-off. Read more [PAR] Irish Thoroughbred Marketing [PAR] Curragh, Kildare [PAR] Irish Thoroughbred Marketing (ITM) is a division of Horse Racing Ireland based in Curragh, County Kildare. It is funded by the Irish Government through Horse Racing Ireland and by the Irish Bloodstock Industry. Read more [PAR] Curragh, Kildare [PAR] Developing and promoting Ireland as a world centre of excellence for horse racing and breeding. Read more [PAR] Curragh Military Museum [PAR] Curragh, Kildare [PAR] The physical environment, the military presence and the social aspects of life on the Curragh plains are told in the museum. Read more [PAR] Great Plains of the Curragh (Orange Route) [PAR] Curragh, Kildare [PAR] Get ready for the off! On the Great Plains of the Curragh! Distance: 138km (86 miles)approx. This touring route, looping leisurely around Maynooth, the Blessington Lakes and the great pastoral expanse of the Curragh,Nass, and Punchestown. Read more [PAR] The Tattersalls Irish Guineas Festival 2017 [PAR] Curragh, Kildare [PAR] The Tattersalls Irish Guineas Festival 27th and 28th May 2017. Two spectacular days of Spring racing at the Curragh. Racing kicks off on Saturday with the clash of Europe's top colts in the Tattersalls... Read more[DOC] [TLE] The Curragh, Co. Kildare - IrishTourist.comThe Curragh, Co. Kildare [PAR] The Curragh, Co. Kildare [PAR] The Curragh, Co. Kildare [PAR] The Currage consists of approximately 5000 acres of softly rolling grasslands. The plain was laid down over years ago when the last Ice Age finally loosened its grip on the land of Ireland, melting glaciers flushed sand and gravel out over the Curragh creating an out washed plain. Major horse racing events are staged in the Curragh and many of the roads in the surrounding area are lined with horse studs. When driving through the Curragh, travelers are often greeted with the sight of sleek, lean thourghough breeds being put through their paces. The Curragh is an ideal place for leisurely walks and picnics.[DOC] [TLE] Curragh RacecourseThe Curragh Racecourse, usually abbreviated to The Curragh, is Ireland's most important Thoroughbred race track. It is situated on the Curragh plain near Newbridge, County Kildare, Ireland. [PAR] History [PAR] The name "Curragh" comes from the Irish (Gaeilge) word Cuirreach, meaning "place of the running horse". The first recorded race on the plain took place in 1727, but it was used for races before then. The first Derby was held in 1866, and in 1868 the Curragh was officially declared a horse racing and training facility by act of parliament. [PAR] Racing [PAR] The course is right-handed, about two miles long and horseshoe-shaped. Races up to one mile are run on a straight course. Additionally there are several training facilities on the site. [PAR] The Curragh offers the highest purses and highest quality level of Flat racing in Ireland. In 2007, 10 of Ireland's 12 Group One races will | The Curragh is in which country? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] NFL Rankings: Top 10 Teams to Lose the Super Bowl ...NFL Rankings: Top 10 Teams to Lose the Super Bowl | Bleacher Report [PAR] NFL Rankings: Top 10 Teams to Lose the Super Bowl [PAR] Use your ← → (arrow) keys to browse the slideshow [PAR] 4.7K [PAR] 1 [PAR] Comment [PAR] As great as it feels to win the Super Bowl, losing it hurts almost double that. To get so close to the ultimate goal and fail to come out victorious is one of the toughest feelings for anyone to deal with in sports. [PAR] It doesn't matter if the game was a blowout or if it was lost by the narrowest margins. A loss is a loss regardless of how pretty the teams played and a Super Bowl loss will inevitably leave a conference champion feeling like the worst team in the NFL . [PAR] Come Sunday night, either the Baltimore Ravens or the San Francisco 49ers will join that club of Super Bowl losers. Though both of these teams have had great postseasons, their respective regular-season marks of 10-6 and 11-4-1 won't have them in the discussion for best team to ever lose the Super Bowl. [PAR] That distinction is reserved for other teams, some of which put together history-making regular seasons. These teams were for the most part favored on their big day, yet they somehow fell victim to an upset. [PAR] Many of them lost only two or three games that season, yet somehow they let one of those losses come in the season's most important game. [PAR] Let's take a look at the top 10 Super Bowl losers. This list will be restricted to teams that made the Super Bowl, even though it's well understood that some of the NFL's greatest teams lost earlier in the playoffs. [PAR] It's rough to lose in the Super Bowl, and revisiting that game will open up wounds for the diehard fans. Take heart, though. If you're going to lose, maybe it's just a little less painful to be remembered as one of the best losers ever. [PAR] Next » [PAR] Honorable Mentions: In Memory of the '98 Vikings [PAR] Though this list will feature teams that lost in the Super Bowl, a few teams deserve shout-outs for especially disappointing playoff losses. [PAR] These teams were juggernauts and for the most part, they were the clear Super Bowl favorites for the entire season. [PAR] Their postseason dreams became nightmares, though, when they suffered playoff losses prior to even making the Super Bowl. One postseason loss shouldn't take away from the greatness of their regular season, which is why they deserve this attention. [PAR] The obvious team that comes to mind is the 1998 Minnesota Vikings. This 15-1 team would be in the discussion for greatest team in NFL history had they taken care of business in the playoffs. [PAR] Their offense set a record for most points scored in a season with 558 points. Twelve of their 15 wins were blowouts, and under the control of Randall Cunningham, their offense was completely unstoppable. Randy Moss and Chris Carter both had Pro Bowl seasons as well, with Moss scoring a rookie-record 17 receiving touchdowns. [PAR] With the greatness this Vikings team displayed in the regular season, it stands to reason that they had an epic playoff collapse. [PAR] Sure enough, it came down to a missed field goal from Gary Anderson, who hadn't missed one all season. [PAR] The Atlanta Falcons capitalized and tied the game. They also made the game-winning field goal in overtime, preventing an epic Super Bowl collision between the Vikings and John Elway's Denver Broncos. [PAR] There aren't really any other teams that failed to reach the Super Bowl who were as great as the Vikings were. [PAR] Two other teams do, however, deserve mention for great regular seasons that were expected to end in the Super Bowl. [PAR] The 2011 Green Bay Packers made a very serious run at perfection, before slipping up once in December. [PAR] Still, with a 15-1 record, they were the odds-on Super Bowl favorites, and it seemed that with a divisional- | Which team lost the most Super Bowls in the 1970s? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Golf: US Ryder Cup team snubbed as Pavin is named captain ...Golf: US Ryder Cup team snubbed as Pavin is named captain | Sport | The Guardian [PAR] Ryder Cup [PAR] US Ryder Cup team snubbed as Pavin is named captain [PAR] Former U.S. Open champion Corey Pavin speaks next to the Ryder Cup trophy during a news conference in New York. Photograph: MIKE SEGAR/REUTERS [PAR] Thursday 11 December 2008 19.01 EST [PAR] First published on Thursday 11 December 2008 19.01 EST [PAR] Close [PAR] This article is 8 years old [PAR] Buggins' turn, the tendency of unimaginative sports administrators everywhere, exerted its grip on the Ryder Cup yesterday when the PGA of America overlooked the claims of Paul Azinger and the wishes of the players he recently led to victory over Nick Faldo's Europeans, and named Corey Pavin as captain of the US side to defend the trophy in 2010. [PAR] Pavin won the US Open in 1995 and made his first Ryder Cup appearance as a player in 1991, when he infamously stepped on to the 1st tee at Kiawah Island wearing a camouflage baseball cap in "support" of US troops fighting the first Gulf war. He went on to compile an 8-5 winning record, establishing a reputation as a formidable competitor. [PAR] The Californian, who also won 15 times on the PGA Tour, had long been viewed as the US captain-in-waiting for 2010, although that was thrown into some doubt after Azinger's effort at Valhalla in ending Europe's long winning streak. [PAR] Almost to a man the victorious Americans publicly called for their leader to return and, after initially playing down such suggestions, Azinger appeared to warm to the idea. But the gathering momentum was finally dissipated this week when he announced "it is not going to be me". [PAR] So it proved. Only Ben Hogan, in 1947 and 1949, and Walter Hagen in the 1920s and 30s, have captained the US team in successive events and by giving the honour to Pavin the PGA of America maintains that exclusive club. [PAR] "I've been waiting for this day since I received the call last month," Pavin said yesterday. "I'm very excited to be here. In 1991 I played in my first Ryder Cup. Listening to the national anthem, experiencing the pressure for the first time, watching the last match between Hale Irwin and Bernhard Langer, and of course throwing captain Dave Stockton into the ocean, cemented my love for the Ryder Cup for ever. I knew I wanted to play as many as possible and dreamt of becoming captain one day. Today my dream has come true." [PAR] The new captain, who lobbied hard for the job, spending copious amounts of time shaking hands in the PGA of America hospitality area at Valhalla, offered his congratulations to his predecessor before outlining the challenge that lies ahead, as well as taking his first step into lucrative Ryder Cup commerce. [PAR] "Playing on foreign soil brings a whole new set of challenges; they will be able to set up Celtic Manor how they like and will have a passionate crowd on their side. I was proud to be part of the last winning team on foreign soil in 1993 and I encourage American fans to book tickets now to come and support us," he said. Pavin added: "You know, going over there, it's going to be so different. In Louisville we had fans that were crazy cheering for the Americans. Going over there, we are going to have very pro-European crowd, and it's going to be tough. It's going to be a very difficult challenge to go over there." [PAR] With the US captaincy set, attention now turns to the identity of the European captain, where for the first time in many years there appears to be no clear favourite. The job would have gone to Jose Maria Olazabal but the Spaniard has stated he would prefer to travel to Wales as a playing member of the team, which leaves the likes of Sandy Lyle and the 2006 captain Ian Woosnam vying for the honour. [PAR] Of the two the amiable Scot appears to be favourite, although the cognoscenti are quietly talking up | Who captained the US Ryder Cup team in 1991? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Prix du Jockey Club - A Sporting MasterpiecePrix du Jockey Club - A Sporting Masterpiece [PAR] A Sporting Masterpiece [PAR] THE PRIX DU JOCKEY CLUB CROWNS THE YEAR’S FASTEST THOROUGHBRED. [PAR] DON’T MISS THIS HIGH-OCTANE EVENT! [PAR] THE PRIX DU JOCKEY CLUB IS ONE OF THE YEAR’S MOST SELECTIVE RACES! [PAR] The Prix du Jockey Club is a prestigious horse racing event which is held at the foot of the magnificent Château de Chantilly on the first Sunday in June every year. [PAR] This Group I race, the highest category of horse race, was created in 1836 and is run over a distance of a mile and 2 ½ furlongs, with a 3-furlong uphill home straight. This sporting challenge is reserved for the year’s best 3-year-olds. [PAR] Who will win this exceptional race on 5th June 2016?[DOC] [TLE] Prix du Jockey Club | French horse race | Britannica.comPrix du Jockey Club | French horse race | Britannica.com [PAR] Prix du Jockey Club [PAR] Prix de l’Arc de Triomphe [PAR] Prix du Jockey Club, one of the major French horse races, an event for three-year- old colts and fillies that originated in 1836. It is run over a 2,400-metre (about 1 1/2-mile) course at Chantilly , near Paris, and is sometimes termed the French Derby because of its similarity to the older English race of that name. It is run in June. [PAR] Learn More in these related articles: [PAR] in jockey club [PAR] ...hosted by the Jockey-Club de Paris. Founded in 1834, the club became famous as the meeting place of France’s cultural elite. It also hosts Europe’s premier race for three-year-old Thoroughbreds, the Prix du Jockey Club. Inaugurated in 1836 and held annually in June, the race is often called the French Derby (after the English Derby and American Kentucky Derby). [PAR] More about Prix du Jockey Club [PAR] 1 Reference found in Britannica Articles [PAR] Assorted Reference [PAR] history of jockey clubs (in jockey club ) [PAR] External Links [PAR] Corrections? Updates? Help us improve this article! Contact our editors with your feedback. [PAR] MEDIA FOR: [PAR] You have successfully emailed this. [PAR] Error when sending the email. Try again later. [PAR] Edit Mode [PAR] Submit [PAR] Tips For Editing [PAR] We welcome suggested improvements to any of our articles. You can make it easier for us to review and, hopefully, publish your contribution by keeping a few points in mind. [PAR] Encyclopædia Britannica articles are written in a neutral objective tone for a general audience. [PAR] You may find it helpful to search within the site to see how similar or related subjects are covered. [PAR] Any text you add should be original, not copied from other sources. [PAR] At the bottom of the article, feel free to list any sources that support your changes, so that we can fully understand their context. (Internet URLs are the best.) [PAR] Your contribution may be further edited by our staff, and its publication is subject to our final approval. Unfortunately, our editorial approach may not be able to accommodate all contributions. [PAR] Submit [PAR] Thank You for Your Contribution! [PAR] Our editors will review what you've submitted, and if it meets our criteria, we'll add it to the article. [PAR] Please note that our editors may make some formatting changes or correct spelling or grammatical errors, and may also contact you if any clarifications are needed. [PAR] Uh Oh [PAR] There was a problem with your submission. Please try again later. [PAR] Close [PAR] Article Title: Prix du Jockey Club [PAR] Website Name: Encyclopædia Britannica [PAR] Date Published: July 20, 1998 [PAR] URL: https://www.britannica.com/sports/Prix-du-Jockey-Club [PAR] Access Date: January 20, 2017 [PAR] Share[DOC] [TLE] Prix du Jockey Club - Car exhibition & giant picnicPrix du Jockey Club - Car exhibition & giant picnic [PAR] Car exhibition & giant picnic [PAR] CHANTILLY RACECOURSE, [PAR] THE TEMPLE OF SPEED AND PUREBRED ELEGANCE [PAR] At the Prix du Jockey Club, horse-power is also displayed under the bonnets of classic cars thanks to our exhibition of elegant automobiles. This year, Jaguar will take centre stage. This prestigious make of car is a reference for all collectors and enthusiasts, so come and admire | The Prix du Jockey-Club is held at which race course? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] The Carl Lewis Olympic Story - Great Olympic Heroes ...The Carl Lewis Olympic Story - Great Olympic Heroes, Stories and Inspirational Sportsmen and Women [PAR] The Carl Lewis Olympic Story [PAR] Carl Lewis is one of the greatest athletes in the world. He is known for his world records in running as well as his records in the long jump. Carl Lewis was born in Birmingham though he was actually brought up in Willingboro, New Jersey. [PAR] Carl Lewis started participating in long jump events when he was just 13 years old. Carl also started to perform in sprinting events at a young age as he had the capability of high sprinting speeds. Eventually Lewis was selected for the U.S. Olympic team, but America boycotted the games in Moscow and as a result, Lewis’s debut was postponed. [PAR] Lewis received the James E. Sullivan Award for the best athlete in 1981 and in the World Championships in 1983, he made his mark by winning in the 100m, long jump and the 4 x 100m relay events. Carl Lewis then went on to become the undisputable champion in the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. [PAR] He won 4 titles in all including the 200m race and he also tied Jesse Owens’ record which was set back in 1936. He repeated the spectacular performance of 1983 in Rome in 1987, and then in the 1988 Seoul Olympics he went on to win 4 more golds. [PAR] In this last competition he may have had a good challenger in Ben Johnson but Ben was disqualified for doping and this cleared the field for Lewis. Carl himself had failed a dope test, but he was cleared by the IAAF. He was however beaten by Joe DeLoach in the 200m sprint event and in the 4 x 100m relay event the U.S. team was disqualified in the heats where Lewis was not even able to run due to bad exchange of the baton by the other players. This was quite the electrifying year for all those involved in the Olympics. [PAR] Then came the season of 1991. Carl Lewis and Leroy Burrell dominated all the sprinting events. In the races before the World Championships in Japan, Burrell broke Carl Lewis’s record as he finished 100 m in 9.90s but in the World Championships, Carl paid him back by breaking the record of 9.90s in 9.86s. [PAR] After 1991, Lewis’s career in the sprinting events continued to fade off, but he was still the best in the long jump events. However, his compatriot, Mike Powell won the long jump event in Tokyo, beating him and also breaking Bob Beamon’s record from 1968. In 1992, Carl Lewis was set for another tough dual with Beamon. But this time it was Lewis who took home the honors of winning. [PAR] After this event, Carl Lewis was unable to win any other major events during those games. But in 1996, at the age of 35 years, he again made a comeback by winning the long jump event and thus became the only athlete in the world winning this particular event 4 consecutive times. He was the third Olympian to achieve the record after Al Oerter for discus throw and Paul Elvström for yachting. [PAR] In 1987, Carl Lewis joined music and was part of the band called “Break it Up.” However his career in the music field did not take up very well. Lewis retired after the Atlanta Olympics and is now an actor. Today he lives in Los Angeles, California. [PAR] Lewis proved to very outspoken fellow and in 2003, he admitted that he had resorted to taking banned substances on 3 occasions in the 1988 Olympic trials. He claimed that he had ingested the banned substances as well as some herbal supplements. He was however allowed to compete in the Seoul Olympics, as the Olympic committee ruled that the intake of stimulants by him was inadvertent and not performance enhancing. In the Seoul Olympics he won the 100m gold after Ben Johnson was disqualified for taking drugs that did affect his performance. [PAR] All in all Carl Lewis is one of the most world renowned Olympians of all time. While he did cause a stir he will always be remembered for his hard work and perseverance. [PAR] Career Highlights [PAR] 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games – | In which jumping event did Carl Lewis win Olympic gold's? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Super Bowl XLIVSuper Bowl XLIV was an American football game between the National Football Conference (NFC) champion New Orleans Saints and the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Indianapolis Colts to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2009 season. The Saints defeated the Colts by a score of 31–17, earning their first Super Bowl win. The game was played at Sun Life Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida for the fifth time (and in South Florida for the tenth time), on February 7, 2010, the latest calendar date for a Super Bowl yet. [PAR] This was the Saints' first Super Bowl appearance and the fourth for the Colts franchise, their second appearance in four seasons. The Saints entered the game with a 13–3 record for the 2009 regular season, compared to the Colts' 14–2 record. In the playoff games, both teams placed first in their respective conferences, marking the first time since Super Bowl XXVIII (16 years previously) that both number one seeds have reached the Super Bowl. The Colts entered the Super Bowl off victories over the Baltimore Ravens and New York Jets, while the Saints advanced after defeating the previous year's runners up the Arizona Cardinals and then overcoming the Minnesota Vikings in the Conference Championship. It was also the first time both teams started out with a thirteen-game winning streak. [PAR] Down 10–6 at halftime of Super Bowl XLIV, in what many consider the turning point of the game, New Orleans successfully recovered a surprise onside kick on the second half kickoff, then took their first lead of the game on Pierre Thomas' 16-yard touchdown reception. The Colts responded with Joseph Addai's 4-yard touchdown run to regain the lead at 17-13. The Saints then scored 18 unanswered points, including Tracy Porter's 74-yard interception return for a touchdown, to clinch the victory. New Orleans quarterback Drew Brees, who completed 32 of 39 passes for 288 yards and two touchdowns, was named the Super Bowl MVP. His 32 completions tied a Super Bowl record set by Tom Brady in Super Bowl XXXVIII. [PAR] The live broadcast of the game on CBS was watched by an average US audience of 106.5 million viewers, making it the then-third most-watched Super Bowl. The National Anthem was sung by Carrie Underwood and the halftime show featured the British rock band The Who. [PAR] Background [PAR] Host selection process [PAR] The league initially voted on March 23, 2005, that New York City host the game, contingent on the completion of the proposed West Side Stadium being built for the New York Jets by 2008. After New York state government officials declined to approve $400million for the stadium, the NFL decided to reopen the bidding for the game's site. The league reconsidered the other, unsuccessful candidates for Super Bowl XLIII: Atlanta, Houston, and Miami. On October 6, 2006, the league selected Miami as the host city. [PAR] This was the tenth time the Super Bowl has been held in the Miami Metro area at the home stadium of the Miami Dolphins: the now-Sun Life Stadium had hosted four previous Super Bowls (XXIII, XXIX, XXXIII, and XLI) and five were played in the Dolphins' now demolished former home, the Miami Orange Bowl (II, III, V, X, XIII). The Colts franchise was playing its 4th Super Bowl, all of which were played in Miami. Two at the Orange Bowl and two at Sun Life Stadium. They are the only franchise to play all of its Super Bowls in the same city and the second to play two or more Super Bowls in two different stadiums (joining the Broncos who played two at Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego and two at the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans. [PAR] With Tampa as the host of Super Bowl XLIII, Super Bowl XLIV also marked the third time that consecutive Super Bowls have been played in the same state. Super Bowls II and III were both played at the Orange Bowl. Super Bowls XXI and XXII were both played in California: XXI at Pasadena's Rose Bowl Stadium and XXII at San Diego's Jack Murphy Stadium. [PAR] Miami became the first | Who lost the first Super Bowl of the 70s? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Flemington Racecourse - Online Betting GuideFlemington Racecourse [PAR] Flemington Racecourse [PAR] You are here: Blog > Flemington Racecourse [PAR] Wednesday, 18 January 2017 [PAR] Flemington Racecourse [PAR] Flemington Park Racecourse hosts the annual Melbourne Spring Carnival of Racing , the most prestigious series of race meetings in Australia. The racecourse is famous for the capacity crowds that pack into the grandstands for the running of the Melbourne Cup and the VRC Derby Stakes , with up to 120,000 spectators attending each event. [PAR] Located adjacent to the Maribyrnong River, Flemington Racecourse is also renowned for the scenic beauty of its grounds, which features one of the largest rose gardens in Australia. The racecourse is serviced by its own railway station, and is recognised as an Australian Heritage site on the Australian National Heritage List . [PAR] Racetrack Layout and Description [PAR] The primary racetrack at Flemington Park covers a distance of 1.5 miles and is laid out in a pear shape. The unique shape of the racecourse requires jockeys and racehorses to navigate a tight corner on their way to the finishing post. The track also includes a ¾ of a mile straight. [PAR] Variable weather conditions in Melbourne make ground predictions for major races at Flemington Park tricky. Ground conditions can rapidly shift from fast to heavy, which has a substantial impact on the outcome of races held there. The draw also has a significant impact on the results of races at Flemington Racecourse, with inside draws having a significant advantage over the wide draws. [PAR] Flemington Racecourse also features a 3 mile diamond-shaped jumps racing course for winter racing. [PAR] The Genesis of Thoroughbred Racing in Victoria [PAR] The present site of Flemington Park Racecourse has been hosting horse races since the 19th century. Racing was first organised on the salt flats on the outskirts of Melbourne in the 1840s, on land leased from the local butcher, Robert Fleming. [PAR] The popularity of racing in the area grew rapidly, and within the space of a few years an informal settlement had grown up around the racetrack to service the needs of spectators and trainers. This area was named ‘Fleming’s Town’, a name that was retained by the Victorian Turf Club when they leased the ground in 1848. [PAR] Racing at Flemington became even more popular during the Australian Gold Rush, with thousands of gold-prospectors wagering their spoils on the races held in Melbourne. Facilities improved steadily, and within decades Flemington Racecourse was recognised as the premier destination for racing fans in Melbourne. [PAR] Flemington Racecourse has been upgraded at various times during its history. The most recent round of renovations focused on improving the drainage of the notoriously unpredictable Flemington turf, and the creation of additional seating to the already vast Flemington Park grandstands. [PAR] Bet365 Bonus Bundle[DOC] [TLE] Flemington Racecourse, Melbourne – Australia’s Stadiums ...Flemington Racecourse, Melbourne – Australia’s Stadiums – Tourism Australia [PAR] Melbourne [PAR] Flemington Racecourse has been famous around the world as the home of the Melbourne Cup since it was first run in 1861. [PAR] Flemington Racecourse (originally called Melbourne Racecourse) was first used as a racecourse in 1840 when the town of Melbourne was just five years old, making it the oldest metropolitan racecourse in Australia. With views of the Melbourne city skyline, this National Heritage listed site also boasts the largest public rose garden in the Southern Hemisphere. [PAR] Flemington Racecourse has been famous around the world as the home of the Melbourne Cup since it was first run in 1861. Today, the Melbourne Cup Carnival is a festival of horse racing, fashion and fun that starts in September and runs through until mid-November. [PAR] Melbourne Cup Day, on the first Tuesday in November, has been a public holiday for the city of Melbourne since the mid-1870s, and is celebrated around the country. The racecourse has a crowd capacity of more than 120,000, but each year around 400,000 enthusiasts fill its car parks and open spaces on Melbourne Cup Day. Spring Carnival race days such as Derby Day and Oaks Day are also held at Flemington Racecourse. Flemington hosts 23 race meetings throughout the year. [PAR] The Flemington Heritage Centre and guided walking tours offer the opportunity to experience the heroes and the events that have made the Melbourne Cup ‘the race that stops a nation' and Flemington Racecourse one of | In which country is Flemington park race course? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Hank Aaron | Encyclopedia of AlabamaHank Aaron | Encyclopedia of Alabama [PAR] Steve Townsend, Birmingham, Alabama [PAR] Hank Aaron's 715th Home Run [PAR] Baseball icon Henry "Hank" Aaron (1934- ) first honed the skills that ultimately led him to a spot in the Baseball Hall of Fame while growing up in Alabama . He is best known for breaking Babe Ruth's record of 714 home runs, ultimately hitting 755, a record that stood from 1974 to 2007, and he achieved other baseball milestones that still stand, including most runs batted in and most extra base hits. Aaron was known as "Hammerin' Hank" and "Bad Henry" during his playing career because of his considerable skills as a batter. [PAR] Henry Louis Aaron was born February 5, 1934, in Mobile , one of Herbert and Estella Aaron's eight children. Hank's brother Tommie would also play for the Atlanta Braves. The Aarons grew up in a low-income section of Mobile known as "Down the Bay." Aaron grew up hitting cross-handed (meaning that although he batted right-handed, he placed his left hand higher on the bat) and was a standout football player at Mobile's Central High. [PAR] Hank Aaron, MVP [PAR] Aaron's first tryout for the major leagues was in 1949 at the age of 15 with the Brooklyn Dodgers, but he failed to make the team. His first paying job, at the age of 17, was as a shortstop in the Negro Leagues with the Mobile Black Bears, earning $10.00 a game. He began his professional career as a shortstop in the Negro American League, playing for the Indianapolis Clowns, leading the team to a 1952 Negro League World Series. A few months into his career, the Boston Braves of the National League bought his contract, and he played for the Braves' minor-league affiliate in Eau Claire, Wisconsin. In 1954, Aaron was brought up to the major leagues as the right fielder for the Braves, who had moved the franchise to Milwaukee in 1953. Soon, the Mobile native would become one of baseball's most skilled all-around players. In 1956, Aaron's third major-league season, he led the National League in hitting with a .328 average; and in 1957 he was voted the league's Most Valuable Player. Teaming with future Hall of Fame stars, including third baseman Eddie Matthews and pitcher Warren Spahn, the Braves won the National League pennant and faced the perennial champion New York Yankees in the World Series. [PAR] Aaron and the Braves became the toast of major league baseball by defeating the Yankees in 1957. Aaron was voted the series MVP for batting .393 and for hitting three home runs and seven RBIs, but it would be the only time he ever played on a world championship team. One year later, Aaron and his teammates won a second straight National League title but lost in a rematch with the Yankees, led by Mickey Mantle and Yogi Berra. Although Milwaukee jumped to a 3-1 advantage, New York swept the final three games, including two at County Stadium in Milwaukee. [PAR] In 1963, Aaron had his best overall season, leading the National League with 44 home runs and 130 runs batted in (RBIs). He finished third in batting, with a .319 average, narrowly missing the coveted Triple Crown (in which a batter leads the league in home runs, RBIs, and batting average). Aaron, however, stole 30 bases that year, becoming only the third player ever to have 30 home runs and 30 stolen bases in a season. The Braves relocated to Atlanta for the 1966 season, and in 1974, Aaron became the all-time baseball home-run king when he hit number 715, which occurred April 8, 1974. [PAR] Traded at the end of the 1974 season, Aaron played his final two seasons for the Milwaukee Brewers. He concluded his remarkable career with 755 home runs. After retiring as a player, Aaron returned to Atlanta to serve in the Braves' front office. He has been an executive with the team ever since. During his drive to overtake Babe Ruth as the | What was Hank Aaron's first Major League team? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] WATCH: Israeli athletes killed by terrorists at 1972 ...WATCH: Israeli athletes killed by terrorists at 1972 Olympics remembered in Sochi - Jewish World - Jerusalem Post [PAR] WATCH: Israeli athletes killed by terrorists at 1972 Olympics remembered in Sochi [PAR] ByREUTERS [PAR] 09 February 2014 17:28 [PAR] Russian Jewish community, Israeli delegation to Winter Games honor Israelis killed by Palestinian gunmen in Munich. [PAR] Munich 11 remembered at Sochi Olympics. (photo credit:REUTERS) [PAR] Representatives of the Russian Jewish community held a memorial service on Sunday to remember the 11 Israelis taken hostage and killed at the 1972 Olympics in Munich and to celebrate the five Israeli athletes competing in the Sochi 2014 Winter Games. [PAR] Sochi boasts religious accommodation for Jewish athletes [PAR] On September 5, 1972, members of the Israeli Olympic team were taken hostage at the poorly secured athletes' village by Palestinian gunmen from the Black September group. [PAR] Within 24 hours, 11 Israelis, five Palestinians and a German policeman were dead after a standoff and subsequent rescue effort erupted into gunfire. [PAR] Chief Russian Rabbi Berel Lazar said the memorial was meant to connect and embolden the Jewish diaspora. [PAR] "So when you think of the history of Israeli athletes going to different Olympics, mentioning the Munich '72 massacre, is...always tell us you know being Jewish sometimes is not as comfortable as you would like it to be. But it really depends on us to move forward, not be ashamed and then the people around us are going to understand that we are here to stay and we are open about it," Lazar said. [PAR] Andrea Davidovich, a US-born Israeli figure skater, said she felt close to the 1972 athletes. [PAR] "I feel like we are representing them and what they couldn't achieve because of people who are against us, and we have to all be together the way were were greeted today and stand behind each other, because we're Jewish and we are all a part of this community and have to support each other," Davidovich said. [PAR] Widows of two of the athletes who were killed have long campaigned for the 1972 victims to be remembered at Olympic opening ceremonies. [PAR] Figure skater Evgeni Krasnopolski said the opening ceremony should incorporate a moment of silence for every athlete killed during the Games. [PAR] "I think every time, at every Olympics there should be a moment of silence for those who died at the Olympics, not important whether from terrorism or training or in competition. I think there should always be a moment of silence at every Olympics - summer and winter," he said. [PAR] An International Olympic Committee (IOC) spokesman said the IOC remembered the victims in other official ways - with services and by the statues in Munich commemorating the tragedy. [PAR] Relevant to your professional network? Please share on Linkedin [PAR] Tags:[DOC] [TLE] Athletes killed at 1972 Munich Olympics - NBC NewsNBC News [PAR] Print [PAR] 1. August 1972: The opening ceremony at the Munich Olympics in West Germany. Getty Images [PAR] 2. The Israeli delegation marches during the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games in Munich on Aug. 26, 1972. AFP-Getty Images [PAR] 3. One of the Black September guerrillas who broke into the Munich Olympic Village, killed two members of the Israeli team, and took nine others hostage. The Israeli hostages, held aboard two helicopters, were killed during a rescue attempt at the Fürstenfeldbruck military airport, where five of the eight terrorists and a German police officer also were killed. Getty Images [PAR] advertisement [PAR] 4. An armed German policeman stands on the roof of a dormitory where members of the Black September terrorist group had earlier captured and held a group of Israeli athletes hostage. Hulton Archive / Getty Images [PAR] 5. Four of the Israeli athletes massacred at Munich. Clockwise, from top left: Ze'ev Friedman (weightlifter); David Berger (weightlifter); Mark Slavin (wrestler); and Yosef Romano (weightlifter). Central Press / Getty Images [PAR] 6. Members of the Israeli team march on the field of the Munich Olympic stadium on Sept. 6, 1972, to attend a memorial ceremony paying tribute to their countrymen killed by terrorists. AFP-Getty Images [PAR] advertisement | What was the nationality of the athletes killed at the 1972 Munich Olympics? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Golfer Nick Price: Biography and Career FactsGolfer Nick Price: Biography and Career Facts [PAR] • Member, World Golf Hall of Fame [PAR] • PGA Tour money leader, 1993, 1994 [PAR] • PGA Tour Vardon Trophy (scoring) winner, 1993, 1997 [PAR] • PGA Tour Player of the Year, 1993, 1994 [PAR] • Member International team, Presidents Cup, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2003 [PAR] • Captain, International team, 2013 Presidents Cup [PAR] Trivia: [PAR] • Nick Price had one of the best-known caddies on the PGA Tour , Jeff "Squeaky" Medlin. Medlin caddied for Price for years and carried his bag during Price's 1994 majors. Medlin first gained fame on John Daly 's bag during Daly's come-from-nowhere win at the 1991 PGA. Medlin died of leukemia in 1997. [PAR] continue reading below our video [PAR] Profile of Jack Nicklaus [PAR] • The 1986 Masters is best known for Jack Nicklaus' win. But in the first round, it was Nick Price who shot 63, a new record for low round at The Masters. Greg Norman tied the mark in 1996. [PAR] Nick Price Biography: [PAR] Nick Price was born in South Africa to English parents who moved the family to Rhodesia when Price was very young. Price would become a citizen, even serving in the Rhodesian Army during that country's civil war (from which it emerged as Zimbabwe). [PAR] An older brother introduced Price to golf, and Price ran with the new game. As a junior, he dominated in his native country. At age 17, Price traveled to San Diego, Calif., where he won the Junior World Championship. [PAR] Price turned pro at the age of 20 in 1977. He played the European Tour in those early years, claiming his first victory at the 1980 Swiss Open . He won four more times on the Euro Tour in 1982, then joined the U.S. PGA Tour in 1983. [PAR] He experienced immediate success, holding off Jack Nicklaus to win the 1983 World Series of Golf . It was eight years before Price won again on the PGA Tour, but when he did, he emerged as one of the best players in the world. [PAR] Price won the 1992 British Open for his first major. In 1993, he won four times in the U.S., led the PGA Tour in money and won the Vardon Trophy for low scoring average. Price followed that season by winning two majors in the same year, the 1994 British Open and 1994 PGA Championship . [PAR] Price was a short hitter off the tee, but his fabulous iron play and clutch short game kept him at or near the top of the golf world for several more years. In 1997, he won his second Vardon Trophy on the PGA Tour. [PAR] Price represented the International team at the Presidents Cup in each staging of that event from 1994 to 2003. He joined the Champions Tour in 2007 and won his first senior circuit tournament in 2009. [PAR] Price flies his own jet plane to and from tournaments. In 1997, Price published the instructional book, The Swing (compare prices). He has a golf course design business.[DOC] [TLE] Zimbabwe Golf: Trampled Roots - Golf DigestZimbabwe Golf: Trampled Roots - Golf Digest [PAR] Golf WorldSeptember 24, 2013 [PAR] Trampled Roots [PAR] The demise of golf is just one of many concerns Nick Price and other Zimbabweans who are part of the Presidents Cup's International team have for their native land [PAR] By [PAR] Pinterest [PAR] Nick Price used to think he would retire to Zimbabwe after his playing career had ended, but he has given up that dream. Since 2000 he has only been back once to the country of his youth, the pain of seeing his homeland made unrecognizable by a ruthless dictator too much to bear. [PAR] "It's been so depressing since the land-grabbing started," says the Presidents Cup International team captain and former World No. 1. "Zimbabwe was successfully rebuilding interracial relationships, and the country was flourishing. Now, five million people [2008 figures] are starving. It's so sad, the most depressing thing I have ever seen." [PAR] Thirty-three | Which African country does Nick Price come from? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Why Is A Green Jacket Presented to the Masters Winner?Why Is A Green Jacket Presented to the Masters Winner? [PAR] By Brent Kelley [PAR] Updated November 03, 2016. [PAR] Each year, the winner of The Masters is presented with the famous "Green Jacket." Slipping on the green jacket is the golden moment for many winners of the tournament. But how did a green jacket come to be such a big deal? What is the story behind the venerated Green Jacket? [PAR] Origins of the Masters Green Jacket [PAR] Let's face it: If you saw someone walking around in public in a shamrock green jacket, you might wonder if that person was fashion-challenged. But the Green Jacket presented to the Masters champion is one beautiful piece of outerwear. [PAR] The tradition of the Green Jacket at Augusta National Golf Club dates to 1937. That year, members of the club wore green jackets during the tournament so that fans in attendance could easily recognize them if a fan needed to ask questions. [PAR] One of the inspirations for the idea was provided by a dinner that Augusta National co-founder Bobby Jones attended at Royal Liverpool . The English links club's captains were adorned in red jackets during that dinner, to stand out. [PAR] continue reading below our video [PAR] Greatest Quarterbacks of All Time? [PAR] Augusta National co-founder and club chairman Clifford Roberts embraced the idea of an identifying piece of clothing for club members - something that would make it easy for non-members (and tournament attendees) to recognize an Augusta member. [PAR] According to the tournament's official website, Masters.com: [PAR] "Jackets were purchased from the Brooks Uniform Company, New York City ... Members were not initially enthusiastic about wearing the warm, green coat. Within several years, a lightweight, made-to-order Jacket was available from the Club's Golf Shop. ... The single breasted, single vent Jacket's color is 'Masters Green' and is adorned with an Augusta National Golf Club logo on the left chest pocket. The logo also appears on the brass buttons." [PAR] Presenting the Green Jacket to the Masters Winners [PAR] Soon after its public debut in 1937, the Green Jacket became the symbol of membership in the ultra-exclusive Augusta National Golf Club. [PAR] And winners of the Masters Tournament began, themselves, receiving green jackets at the 1949 Masters . The winners all become members of the Champions Club at Augusta. From 1937 through 1948, only Augusta National members wore the green jackets; from 1949 onward, the tournament winner also got one. [PAR] By the way, in those early years it was just as common to hear Masters players and Augusta members refer to the garment as the "green blazer" or "green coat," as it was for them to use "green jacket." [PAR] Who Was the First Masters Champ Presented with the Green Jacket? [PAR] You already know the jacket was first presented to the Masters winner following the 1949 tournament. And the winner that year was Sam Snead . At that time, the club also had jackets made for each of the previous winners of the Masters. For more, see: [PAR] Who was the first Masters champion awarded the Green Jacket? [PAR] Does the Masters Winner Get to Keep the Jacket? [PAR] The short answer: The Green Jacket stays with the new winner for one year. When they return to Augusta National the following year for the next Masters, they return the jacket. But each winner can have his own version of the jacket made to keep at home. For more, see: [PAR] Do Masters champions get to keep the Green Jacket? [PAR] Last Year's Champ Puts the Green Jacket on the New Winner [PAR] Following the completion of each Masters Tournament, the Green Jacket ceremony is held, where the new champion is presented with the green jacket. That jacket is one that tournament officials have retrieved from the locker room, guesstimating what will fit best the new winner. Later, the champ is measured and a jacket custom made for him. [PAR] As for who puts the jacket on the new winner at the post-tournament ceremony: The previous year's champ slips the Green Jacket onto | Which golf tournament presents its winner with a green jacket? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Triple Crown Winner Affirmed Euthanized - ABC NewsTriple Crown Winner Affirmed Euthanized - ABC News [PAR] ABC News [PAR] Triple Crown Winner Affirmed Euthanized [PAR] By CHRIS DUNCAN [PAR] Email [PAR] Affirmed, the last Triple Crown winner whose riveting stretch duels with Alydar in 1978 thrilled racing fans throughout the world, was euthanized today following months of leg problems. He was 26. [PAR] The chestnut colt retired to stud in 1979 after a career that saw him win 14 stakes races and more than $2.3 million. [PAR] "He was basically the best horse I ever rode, the most intelligent," said Steve Cauthen, who was 18 when he guided Affirmed to the Triple Crown. "He was just a horse of tremendous courage. He loved to race. He was a great horse to ride." [PAR] Affirmed-Alydar Duels [PAR] Alydar finished second to Affirmed in all three races, coming closer to victory each time. Affirmed won by 1 1/2 lengths in the Derby, a neck in the Preakness and a mere head in the Belmont. [PAR] The most famous duel, of course, was the last, when Affirmed and Alydar battled side-by-side down the final seven furlongs. [PAR] "He pulled it out under the most extreme situation," Cauthen recalled in 1999. "Anyone that saw that race will never forget it, and probably remember it as the greatest race they ever saw." [PAR] Even in his retirement years at Jonabell Farm near Lexington, Affirmed always seemed to know when cameras were pointed at him. He had a command presence and would strut and pose, his brown coat showing a smattering of white around the muzzle and eyes. [PAR] Affirmed had surgery in October to repair a dislocated left front pastern joint, but laminitis soon developed in his right hoof. Laminitis is an inflammation of soft tissue that can be caused by excessive weight-bearing after the opposite limb is injured. [PAR] Dr. Larry Bramlage performed the initial surgery. On Jan. 8, the horse was returned to the hospital, where he was put under continuous observation, according to Jonabell Farm. Bramlage examined Affirmed this morning and recommended euthanasia. [PAR] Jimmy Bell, the farm's general manager and president, said the horse seemed to be moving with pain in recent months. [PAR] "We elected to have [Affirmed] humanely euthanized, rather than to allow him to continue to suffer," Bell said. [PAR] Seattle Slew Only Living Triple Crown Winner [PAR] The death of Affirmed leaves Seattle Slew as the only living Triple Crown winner. Seattle Slew became the 10th Triple Crown winner in 1977. [PAR] Since Affirmed accomplished the feat, seven colts have had a shot at the Triple Crown but failed by losing in the Belmont Stakes: Spectacular Bid (1979), Pleasant Colony (1981), Alysheba (1987), Sunday Silence (1989), Silver Charm (1997), Real Quiet (1998) and Charismatic (1999). [PAR] "Any time a good horse seems to come along these days, he always gets compared to Affirmed," Bell said. "Until one wins the Triple Crown and 14 Grade I races, they've still got a lot to live up to. This horse was the definition of a champion horse." [PAR] Affirmed did not have as successful a stud career as Alydar, who was euthanized in 1990 after breaking a leg in his stall, or Seattle Slew, still standing at Three Chimneys. But his progeny have been strong turf runners and his daughters have made good broodmares. [PAR] Of the more than 700 Affirmed foals, 75 had won stakes races. As a group, his foals had earned about $40 million. [PAR] "Affirmed will forever stand with those who exemplify the word 'champion' in thoroughbred racing. We cannot begin to imagine how much we will miss him," said Patrice Wolfson, the horse's co-owner, with her husband, Louis. [PAR] 0 Shares[DOC] [TLE] Affirmed: 1978 Triple Crown Winner - spiletta.comAffirmed: 1978 Triple Crown Winner [PAR] Affirmed [PAR] Champion Two Year Old Colt of 1977, 1978 Triple Crown, 1978 Horse of the Year, 1979 Horse of the Year [PAR] Affirmed, one of the most | Who rode Affirmed for each race when he won the Triple Crown? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Super Bowl Trophy: Vince Lombardi Trophy - Topend SportsSuper Bowl Trophy: Vince Lombardi Trophy [PAR] Home > Events > Super Bowl > Awards > Trophy [PAR] Vince Lombardi Trophy [PAR] The trophy awarded to the winning team of the National Football League's annual championship game, the Super Bowl, is called the Vince Lombardi Trophy. [PAR] History [PAR] Vince Lombardi Trophy is considered to be the NFL's most prestigious award. It was originally called the "World Championship Game Trophy", at a time when the Super Bowl was originally named the AFL-NFL World Championship Game. In 1970 it was renamed to the Vince Lombardi Trophy. [PAR] Who is Vince Lombardi [PAR] The trophy is named in honor of the legendary Green Bay Packers head coach Vince Lombardi. Lombardi was born in 1913, and was one of the most successful head coaches in the history of American football. He was the leader of the Green Bay Packers from 1959 to 1967, capturing five NFL championships during this nine years at the helm. He died on September 3, 1970, the year the trophy was named after him. [PAR] Procedures [PAR] Up until 1996, the trophy was presented inside the winning team's locker room. Since Super Bowl XXX, the trophy is now presented to the winning team's owner on the field following the game. A new Vince Lombardi Trophy is made every year and the winning team maintains permanent possession of that trophy. [PAR] Description [PAR] The trophy is made entirely of sterling silver. It depicts a regulation-size football in kicking position. It has a height of 22 inches (55 cm) and weighs seven pounds (3 kg). Engraved on the base are the words "Vince Lombardi Trophy" and the NFL logo. After the trophy is awarded, it is sent back to the makers to be engraved with the winning team's name and the date and score. [PAR] Share:[DOC] [TLE] 10 Facts About the Super Bowl Trophy - DuJour10 Facts About the Super Bowl Trophy - DuJour [PAR] Home » Lifestyle » 10 Fun Facts About the Super Bowl Trophy [PAR] 10 Fun Facts About the Super Bowl Trophy [PAR] All seven pounds of Tiffany’s sterling silver ball will soon be in the hands of the winner [PAR] Written by Laurie Brookins [PAR] Maybe you’re a diehard Seahawks or Patriots fan, or maybe you’re mainly there for the buffalo wings. Regardless of the reasoning behind your attendance at a Super Bowl party this Sunday, you should be ready with some game-related information to contribute to the conversation. #Deflategate is both a contentious subject and so five minutes ago—why not drop some knowledge on football’s most celebratory moment? Here’s everything you need to know about Tiffany & Co.’s Super Bowl trophy. [PAR] Like any great design moment, it started with a sketch: Not long after the merger of the National Football League and American Football League in 1966 (think of them as the precursors to the NFC and AFC), Tiffany & Co. Vice President Oscar Riedener got together for lunch with Pete Rozelle, the first commissioner of the newly created NFL, to discuss the design of a trophy to be awarded for the “world-championship” game created as a result of the merger. Riedener sketched the original trophy, which has not changed in size or design, on a cocktail napkin. [PAR] Just the stats: Crafted entirely of sterling silver by Tiffany & Co. silversmiths in a Rhode Island workshop, the trophy stands 22 inches high and weighs 7 lbs. [PAR] Silversmiths crafting the trophy [PAR] One super debut: The first trophy was awarded to the world-champion Green Bay Packers on January 15, 1967; the Packers captured the trophy again the following year. [PAR] No Deflategate here: The trophy’s design features a three-sided concave pedestal topped by a regulation-size football (we’re assuming at the properly inflated PSI). The football is also fixed in a kicking position. [PAR] Name game: Between 1967 and 1970 the trophy was engraved with “World Professional Football Championship.” In 1971 it was rechristened the Vince Lombardi | The Vince Lombardi Trophy is awarded to winners of what? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] 1997 U.S. Open (golf)The 1997 United States Open Championship was the 97th U.S. Open, held June 12–15 at the Blue Course of Congressional Country Club in Bethesda, Maryland, a suburb northwest of Washington, D.C.. Ernie Els won his second U.S. Open, the second of his four major championships, one stroke ahead of runner-up Colin Montgomerie. [PAR] Past champions in the field [PAR] Made the cut [PAR] Missed the cut [PAR] Round summaries [PAR] First round [PAR] Thursday, June 12, 1997 [PAR] Second round [PAR] Friday, June 13, 1997 [PAR] Saturday, June 14, 1997 [PAR] Amateurs: Kribel (+8), Wollmann (+9), Noe (+11), Semelsberger (+14), Kearney (+17). [PAR] Third round [PAR] Saturday, June 14, 1997 [PAR] Sunday, June 15, 1997 [PAR] Final round [PAR] Sunday, June 15, 1997 [PAR] Amateurs: none made the cut[DOC] [TLE] Golf Today's A to Z of GolfGolf Today's A to Z of Golf [PAR] A-Z of Golf [PAR] The tallest professional golfers [PAR] Great golf has been played by golfers of every size and shape, including golfers with severe handicaps. However, very tall yet successful golfers are a rarity. [PAR] Although theoretically height gives a golfer the advantage of a bigger swing arc, timing and control become more difficult. The two most successful golfers in history are by modern standards of average height: Jack Nicklaus is 5ft 10in (1m.78) and Tiger Woods stands 6ft 1in (1m.85). [PAR] Historically, tall golfers were handicapped by a lack of appropriate equipment, adapted for length and especially for lie to their height. [PAR] George Bayer [PAR] However, American George Bayer (right) won three PGA Tour titles in the late '50s and early '60s, stood 6ft 5in (1m.96), and was a phenomenon of power, regularly driving the ball over 300 yards with standard length clubs in the era of laminated or persimmon woods and golf balls with often inconsistent rubber windings. Were Bayer to play today with modern customised equipment and golf balls, it is probable that he would be the longest driver in the game. [PAR] So here is the (rather short!) list of extremely tall professional golfers: [PAR] THE TALLEST MAJOR CHAMPIONS [PAR] George Archer, 6ft 5½in (1m.97), won the 1969 Masters and a total of 12 US PGA Tour titles in his career, to which he added another 19 Champions Tour victories. For a big man, Archer possessed a superb putting touch, and held the PGA Tour record for the fewest putts over four rounds with only 95 putts at the 1980 Sea Pines Heritage Classic. His record stood until 1986 when another tall major champion, Bob Tway (see below) reduced it to 94. [PAR] Bob Tway [PAR] Bob Tway, 6ft 4in (1m.93), won the 1986 PGA Championship, famously holing a bunker shot on the 18th in the final round at the Inverness Club in Ohio to defeat Greg Norman by two shots. That victory helped him spend 25 weeks in the top ten of the Official World Golf Ranking in 1986-7. Less gloriously, Tway also holds the record for worst recorded score at the Sawgrass Stadium Course's infamous island green 17th, when during the third round of the 2005 Players Championship he put four balls in the water, finding the green with the fifth and then three-putting for a 12. he won eight PGA Tour titles in his career. [PAR] Stewart Cink, 6ft 4in (1m.93), won the 2009 Open Championship in a playoff with 59 year old and five times Open Champion Tom Watson. He has also finished third in each of the other three majors, in the 2008 Masters, the 2001 US Open and the 1999 PGA Championship. He has a totla of 6 PGA Tour wins to his credit. [PAR] Sir Nick Faldo, 6ft 3in (1m.91), is easily the most successful very tall golfer in terms of major championships won, with a total of six. He claimed the Open Championship in 1987, 1990 and 1992, and the Masters in 1989, 1990 | Who won golf's US Open in 1994 and 1997? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Professional football is born - Aug 20, 1920 - HISTORY.comProfessional football is born - Aug 20, 1920 - HISTORY.com [PAR] Professional football is born [PAR] Publisher [PAR] A+E Networks [PAR] On this day in 1920, seven men, including legendary all-around athlete and football star Jim Thorpe, meet to organize a professional football league at the Jordan and Hupmobile Auto Showroom in Canton, Ohio. The meeting led to the creation of the American Professional Football Conference (APFC), the forerunner to the hugely successful National Football League. [PAR] Professional football developed in the 1890s in Pennsylvania, as local athletic clubs engaged in increasingly intense competition. Former Yale football star William “Pudge” Heffelfinger became the first-ever professional football player when he was hired by the Allegheny Athletic Association to play in a game against their rival the Pittsburgh Athletic Club in November 1892. By 1896, the Allegheny Athletic Association was made up entirely of paid players, making it the sport’s first-ever professional team. As football became more and more popular, local semi-pro and pro teams were organized across the country. [PAR] Professional football first proved itself a viable spectator sport in the 1910s with the establishment of The Ohio League. Canton, the premiere team in the league, featured legendary decathlete and football star Jim Thorpe. From his play with the Carlisle School to his gold medal in the decathlon in Stockholm in 1912 and his time in the outfield with John McGraw’s New York Giants, Thorpe was an international star who brought legitimacy to professional football. The crowds that Thorpe and the Canton team drew created a market for professional football in Ohio and beyond. Still, the league was struggling due to escalating player salaries, a reliance on college players who then had to forfeit their college eligibility and a general lack of organization. [PAR] On August 20, 1920, the owners of four Ohio League teams–the Akron Pros, Canton Bulldogs, Cleveland Indians and Dayton Triangles–met to form a new professional league. Jim Thorpe was nominated as president of the new league, as it was hoped Thorpe’s fame would help the league to be taken seriously. On September 17, the league met again, changing its short-lived name to the American Professional Football Association (APFA) and officially electing Jim Thorpe as the league’s first president. [PAR] The APFA began play on September 26, with the Rock Island Independents of Illinois defeating a team from outside the league, the St. Paul Ideals, 48-0. A week later, Dayton beat Columbus 14-0 in the first game between two teams from the APFA, the forerunner of the modern NFL. [PAR] Related Videos[DOC] [TLE] National Football LeagueThe National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league consisting of 32 teams, divided equally between the National Football Conference (NFC) and the American Football Conference (AFC). The NFL is one of the four major professional sports leagues in North America, and the highest professional level of American football in the world. The NFL's 17-week regular season runs from the week after Labor Day to the week after Christmas, with each team playing 16 games and having one bye week. Following the conclusion of the regular season, six teams from each conference (four division winners and two wild card teams) advance to the playoffs, a single-elimination tournament culminating in the Super Bowl, played between the champions of the NFC and AFC. [PAR] The NFL was formed in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association (APFA) before renaming itself the National Football League for the 1922 season. The NFL agreed to merge with the American Football League (AFL) in 1966, and the first Super Bowl was held at the end of that season; the merger was completed in 1970. Today, the NFL has the highest average attendance (67,591) of any professional sports league in the world and is the most popular sports league in the United States. The Super Bowl is among the biggest club sporting events in the world and individual Super Bowl games account for many of the most watched television programs in American history, all occupying the Nielsen's Top 5 tally of the all-time | Who was the first president of the National Football League? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] BBC - A Sporting Nation - Paul Lawrie wins the 1999 OpenBBC - A Sporting Nation - Paul Lawrie wins the 1999 Open [PAR] Paul Lawrie wins the 1999 Open [PAR] © SNSpix [PAR] Carnoustie has long been recognised as one of Scotland's top golf courses but owing to the lack of infrastructure in the area - few hotels and inadequate access routes - the Open had not been held over the famous Tayside links since 1975. On that occasion Tom Watson won the first of his five Open titles and for many years it looked as if he would be the last “Carnoustie champion”. However with the necessary improvements made, the tournament was to return to what many consider the hardest of all Open venues in 1999. [PAR] After years of American domination, European golfers were now winning Major titles with regularity and a “home” success at Carnoustie would come as no surprise. Even so, few were predicting that Aberdonian Paul Lawrie, despite having two European Tour titles to his name, including success in the Qatar Masters earlier in the year, would be the man to claim the title! [PAR] Yet after one of the most dramatic endings in the illustrious 139 year history of the Open Lawrie, ranked 159 in the world and a 100-1 outsider when the tournament teed off, was lifting the coveted Claret Jug on the Sunday evening. [PAR] The week had not been without it's controversy. [PAR] Accusations (mainly, it must be said from disgruntled Americans) that the R&A and Head Green-keeper John Philp had combined to make the course too tough were denied by the governing body, but it's beyond dispute that the course was exceptionally difficult, with landing areas on some fairways down to 15 yards in width. [PAR] Few players were able to break, or even match, the par of 71 in the first three rounds, but despite the relatively high scoring, the scene was set for a dramatic last day. [PAR] Perhaps even more than “Paul Lawrie”, the name of Jean van de Velde will be associated with the 1999 Open Championship. The Frenchman was a comparative unknown in the golf world, yet as the only man to equal par, he led the tournament after three rounds, with Lawrie trailing some ten strokes back.[DOC] [TLE] The Open Championship - Carnoustie Golf LinksThe Open Championship - Carnoustie Golf Links [PAR] Carnoustie Golf Links [PAR] The Open Championship [PAR] Carnoustie has hosted The Open Championship on seven occasions, most recently in 2007. [PAR] Each Championship has provided remarkable drama and excitement, with the 1953 victory by Ben Hogan standing out as one of the greatest Opens of all time, although one could easily argue that the 2007 victory by Padraig Harrington was simply the best of all Majors. [PAR] Carnoustie receives Open Championship plaudits for 2007 [PAR] Click here to view the highlights. [PAR] Carnoustie Golf Links has been delighted with the overwhelmingly positive response that it received both during Open Championship week and in the aftermath of what was a truly memorable tournament, climaxing in one of the most dramatic and memorable finishes ever witnessed in a Major Championship. [PAR] Throughout Championship week, the course received glowing praise from both competitors and the world’s media for its stunning condition, the way in which it was set up and the true test it presented. In particular the closing stretch, encompassing holes 16, 17 and 18 offered no let up for the players and provided the setting for a truly demanding and fascinating finale. [PAR] As host venue Carnoustie was privileged to witness the first all-European playoff in a Major Championship in modern times between the enigmatic Spaniard Sergio Garcia and the ever popular Irishman Padraig Harrington. Such was the quality and drama it was almost a shame that one man had to lose, but in the end it was Padraig Harrington who claimed his first Major title and lifted the famous Claret Jug, becoming the first European to win a Major Championship since Paul Lawrie won here 8 years previously. [PAR] The R & A were also delighted by the way in which the course was set up throughout Open Championship week, with Peter Dawson commenting that he would love to see the Championship return to Carnoustie as soon as possible. [PAR] As a venue we are delighted with these comments and | Who was the winner of the last Open at Carnoustie before Paul Lawrie? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Magic vs. Bird: The 1979 NCAA Championship Game - IMDbMagic vs. Bird: The 1979 NCAA Championship Game (TV Movie 1979) - IMDb [PAR] IMDb [PAR] There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. [PAR] Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. [PAR] X Beta I'm Watching This! [PAR] Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. [PAR] Error [PAR] The 1979 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship game, between Michigan State University and Indiana State University, exactly as aired on NBA on March 26, 1979, except that the ... See full summary » [PAR] Stars: [PAR] Title: Magic vs. Bird: The 1979 NCAA Championship Game (TV Movie 1979) [PAR] 8.9/10 [PAR] Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. [PAR] You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. [PAR] Add Image Add an image [PAR] Do you have any images for this title? [PAR] Edit [PAR] Storyline [PAR] The 1979 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship game, between Michigan State University and Indiana State University, exactly as aired on NBA on March 26, 1979, except that the commercials are deleted. Although the game, won 75-64 by MSU, was not quite as dramatic as many other NCAA championship games, it is one of the most historically significant games ever played. The game was the first on-the-court meeting between MSU's Earvin "Magic" Johnson and ISU's Larry Bird, two future Hall of Famers who combined to win NBA championships in eight of the next nine years. Johnson and Bird are credited with restoring unselfish and fundamentally sound play to the basketball and lifting it to new heights of popularity. Written by [email protected] [PAR] (Indianapolis, Indiana, USA) – See all my reviews [PAR] The NCAA men's basketball tournament has produced some of the most exciting, powerful and emotional moments in sports history, including some Hollywoodesque fantastic finishes. The 1979 championship game, though far from a blowout, wasn't a down to the wire thriller, but it is one of the most significant games ever played in any sport. [PAR] The match up between Michigan State Univeristy and Indiana State University was the first time that MSU's Earvin "Magic" Johnson and ISU's Larry Bird played each other. The two entered the NBA the next season and dominated it throughout the 1980s. [PAR] Happily, that game is now available on DVD through Greatest Games Ever. The DVD shows the broadcast exactly as it aired live on NBC with commentators Al McGuire, Billy Packer, Bryant Gumbel and Dick Enberg. The commercials are absent but the pre-game, halftime and post-game segments are included. The lack of commercials is a little disappointing because I think commercials are often fascinating in retrospect but that's my only criticism of the DVD. [PAR] Th game, played on March 26, 1979 at the Special Events Center at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, was an unlikely pairing. Michigan State, from the mighty Big Ten and coached by seasoned veteran Jud Heathcote, was a natural participant. But Indiana State, from the relatively minor Missouri Valley Conference and led by a rookie head coach, Bill Hodges, was a surprise. Especially because the Sycamores had a long history of taking a distant backseat to the Hoosier state's Big Ten schools, Indiana University and Purdue University. [PAR] Adding drama was ISU entering the game with a 33-0 record, attempting to join an elite group of undefeated national champions. And on a trivial note, Hodges was the first head coach to reach the championship game with an undefeated career record. And Johnson and Bird were not the only great players on the floor. And least three others, MSU's Jay Vincent and Greg Kelser and ISU's Carl Nicks also went on to play in the NBA. And the pre-game interviews with Bird and Johnson are priceless. [PAR] Throughout the game, we get a preview of the way that Johnson and Bird would revolutionize the NBA in the next decade. In an era in which basketball was largely becoming a sloppy playground style sport | With which university did Magic Johnson win the 1979 NCAA title? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Ukraine boxer Vitali Klitschko to seek presidency - BBC NewsUkraine boxer Vitali Klitschko to seek presidency - BBC News [PAR] BBC News [PAR] Ukraine boxer Vitali Klitschko to seek presidency [PAR] 24 October 2013 [PAR] Close share panel [PAR] Image caption Vitali Klitschko, leader of the Ukrainian opposition Udar (Punch) party [PAR] The Ukrainian WBC heavyweight boxing champion, Vitali Klitschko, has confirmed he will run in the country's 2015 presidential election. [PAR] He made his announcement in response to a bill passed in parliament that bars candidates who have lived outside Ukraine during the past 10 years. [PAR] The pro-Western Udar party MP has permanent resident status in Germany. [PAR] "Everything that has taken place in parliament today... does not intimidate me and will not stop me," he said. [PAR] "To head off these various schemes and attempts at getting even with me as a possible candidate, I want to declare this: I will run for president." [PAR] Mr Klitschko is the first declared contender against the incumbent, Viktor Yanukovych. He has actively campaigned against what he calls the president's "authoritarian policies". [PAR] The bill adopted on Wednesday amended Ukraine's current tax code. It now states that if a Ukrainian national holds permanent resident status in another country they cannot be considered a resident of Ukraine. Previously, they only had to live in Ukraine for at least 180 days a year. [PAR] According to the constitution, a presidential candidate must have been resident in Ukraine for 10 years prior to polling day. [PAR] Mr Klitschko said the amendment clearly had a "political context", something denied by a member of Mr Yanukovych's Party of Regions. [PAR] 'European standards' [PAR] The 42-year-old boxer heads the Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reforms (Udar), whose acronym means "Punch". It came third in last year's parliamentary elections. [PAR] "My main goal is for Ukraine to be a European, modern country with European standards of life," Mr Klitschko told the BBC in August. [PAR] "I will decide with people who have the same vision, the same dream, to go into politics and from the inside to change the situation." [PAR] He has spoken out against corruption in the country and the jailing of former Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko for abuse of office - a charge that her supporters claim was politically motivated. [PAR] "We can't be a democratic country with political prisoners," he said. [PAR] Mr Klitschko is also pushing to strengthen Ukraine's links with the EU. "We see our future in the European family. We are European with our mentality, with our history," he said.[DOC] [TLE] Ukraine’s Vitali Klitschko: ‘This is a battle and I don’t ...Ukraine's Vitali Klitschko: 'This is a battle and I don't plan to give up easily' | World news | The Guardian [PAR] Ukraine [PAR] Ukraine's Vitali Klitschko: 'This is a battle and I don't plan to give up easily' [PAR] As Ukraine's street protests against corruption grow increasingly ugly, the unlikely figure of heavyweight boxer Vitali Klitschko has emerged as a voice for the opposition. What will happen next – and why has he taken on the biggest fight of his life? [PAR] Klitschko in Kiev … 'We need to join all our forces.' Photograph: AP [PAR] Tuesday 21 January 2014 13.44 EST [PAR] First published on Tuesday 21 January 2014 13.44 EST [PAR] Share on Messenger [PAR] Close [PAR] People have been trying to land kicks and punches on Vitali Klitschko for most of the past two decades, and he has brushed almost all of them off with ease. But his current opponent, Ukrainian president Viktor Yanukovych , has a few advantages that none of the previous challengers possessed: several thousand riot police at his disposal , for a start, and the use of a pliant court system to prevent Klitschko from entering the ring in the first place. [PAR] Klitschko, whose PhD in sports science combined with a fearsome reputation as a former heavyweight champion earned the 42-year-old the nickname "Dr Ironfist", has emerged as the natural leader of the street protests that have swept Ukraine for the past two months , ever | Which country does boxer Vitali Klitschko come from? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Manassa Mauler - definition of Manassa Mauler by The Free ...Manassa Mauler - definition of Manassa Mauler by The Free Dictionary [PAR] Manassa Mauler - definition of Manassa Mauler by The Free Dictionary [PAR] http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Manassa+Mauler [PAR] Also found in: Thesaurus , Encyclopedia , Wikipedia . [PAR] ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend: [PAR] Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . [PAR] Link to this page: [PAR] The eventful world of 1927 [PAR] Dempsey was The Manassa Mauler, Joe Louis: The Brown Bomber, Rocky Marciano: The Brockton Blockbuster. [PAR] Copyright © 2003-2017 Farlex, Inc [PAR] Disclaimer [PAR] All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. [PAR] [DOC] [TLE] "The Manassa Mauler" Historical Marker - HMdb.org"The Manassa Mauler" Historical Marker [PAR] 1. "The Manassa Mauler" Marker [PAR] Inscription. [PAR] This monument is dedicated to Mary Celia Dempsey mother of William Harrison "Jack" Dempsey born June 24, 1895 [PAR] He fought his way to become world heavyweight champion on July 4, 1919 and became known as the legendary "Manassa Mauler" [PAR] My mother was the most magnificent woman I ever met. I knew from the time I could walk that she deserved a better break. And I swore or vowed or prayed, or whatever it is a kid does, that I would someday make it up to her. [PAR] [PAR] Location. 37° 10.416′ N, 105° 56.156′ W. Marker is in Manassa, Colorado, in Conejos County. Marker is on Main Street (State Highway 142) 0.1 miles east of 5th Street, on the right when traveling east. Click for map . From U.S. Highway 285 in south-central Colorado's San Luis Valley approximately 12.5 miles north of the Colorado/New Mexico state line, turn east onto Colorado State Highway 142 at the town of Romeo. As you head east into the town of Manassa, State Highway 142 becomes Manassa's main street. After 2.85 miles, cabin and statue will be on your right. Marker is at or near this postal address: 412 Main Street, Manassa CO 81141, United States of America. [PAR] [PAR] Other nearby markers. At least 1 other marker is within 11 miles of this marker, measured as the crow flies. Pike's Stockade [PAR] September 2006 [PAR] 2. Jack Dempsey statue and birthplace [PAR] (approx. 10.8 miles away). [PAR] [PAR] Regarding "The Manassa Mauler". This statue of the world champion boxer stands in front of the small cabin which was Jack Dempsey's birthplace. The cabin houses the Jack Dempsey museum, which is open 9 am-5 pm Tuesday through Saturday from Memorial Day until Labor Day. No admission fee. [PAR] [PAR] Also see . . .[DOC] [TLE] The Manassa Mauler - Selected Readings - engagingnews.usThe Manassa Mauler - Selected Readings [PAR] The Manassa Mauler [PAR] HighBeam gives you access to an archive of more than 6,500 sources, including: [PAR] Plus hundreds more! [PAR] HighBeam Research is operated by Cengage Learning . © Copyright 2012. All rights reserved. [PAR] The HighBeam advertising network includes: womensforum.com GlamFamily[DOC] [TLE] Jack Dempsey Museum - Southern Colorado GuideJack Dempsey Museum [PAR] Jack Dempsey Museum [PAR] The Manassa Mauler [PAR] During your stay in the San Luis Valley, enjoy the Jack Dempsey Museum in the small town of Manassa. [PAR] The Museum is located on Highway 142, east off of Highway 285, towards the southern end of the San Luis Valley near Antonito. [PAR] The hours for the Museum are 9:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. Tuesday through Saturday from Memorial Day through September. [PAR] There is no admission, but donations are appreciated. [PAR] The Museum is in the home where Jack Dempsey spent a portion of his childhood. [PAR] It is a small, one room home which has been converted into a memorial for Jack Dempsey. [PAR] His history is | Who was known as the Manassa Mauler? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Babe Ruth | Society for American Baseball ResearchBabe Ruth | Society for American Baseball Research [PAR] If you can help us improve this player's biography, contact us . [PAR] Babe Ruth [PAR] This article was written by Allan Wood [PAR] During his five full seasons with the Boston Red Sox, Babe Ruth established himself as one of the premier left-handed pitchers in the game, began his historic transformation from moundsman to slugging outfielder, and was part of three World Series championship teams. After he was sold to the New York Yankees in December 1919, his eye-popping batting performances over the next few seasons helped usher in a new era of long-distance hitting and high scoring, effectively bringing down the curtain on the Deadball Era. [PAR] George Herman Ruth was born to George Ruth and Catherine Schamberger on February 6, 1895, in his mother’s parents’ house at 216 Emory Street, in Baltimore, Maryland. With his father working long hours in his saloon and his mother often in poor health, Little George (as he was known) spent his days unsupervised on the waterfront streets and docks, committing petty theft and vandalism. Hanging out in his father’s bar, he stole money from the till, drained the last drops from old beer glasses, and developed a taste for chewing tobacco. He was only six years old. [PAR] Shortly after his seventh birthday, the Ruths petitioned the Baltimore courts to declare Little George “incorrigible” and sent him to live at St. Mary’s Industrial School, on the outskirts of the city. The boy’s initial stay at St. Mary’s lasted only four weeks before his parents brought him home for the first of several attempted reconciliations; his long-term residence at St. Mary’s actually began in 1904. But it was during that first stay that George met Brother Matthias. [PAR] “He taught me to read and write and he taught me the difference between right and wrong,” Ruth said of the Canadian-born priest. “He was the father I needed and the greatest man I’ve ever known.” Brother Matthias also spent many afternoons tossing a worn-out baseball in the air and swatting it out to the boys. Little George watched, bug-eyed. “I had never seen anything like that in my life,” he recalled. “I think I was born as a hitter the first day I ever saw him hit a baseball.” The impressionable youngster imitated Matthias’s hitting style—gripping the bat tightly down at the knobbed end, taking a big swing at the ball—as well as his way of running with quick, tiny steps. [PAR] When asked in 1918 about playing baseball at St. Mary’s, Ruth said he had little difficulty anywhere on the field. “Sometimes I pitched. Sometimes I caught, and frequently I played the outfield and infield. It was all the same to me. All I wanted was to play. I didn’t care much where.” In one St. Mary’s game in 1913, Ruth, then 18 years old, caught, played third base (even though he threw left-handed), and pitched, striking out six men, and collecting a double, a triple, and a home run. That summer, he was allowed to pitch with local amateur and semipro teams on weekends. Impressed with his performances, Jack Dunn signed Ruth to his minor league Baltimore Orioles club the following February. [PAR] Although he was a bumpkin with minimal social skills, at camp in South Carolina Ruth quickly distinguished himself on the diamond. That spring, the Orioles played several major league teams. In two outings against the Phillies, Ruth faced 29 batters and allowed only six hits and two unearned runs. The next week, he threw a complete game victory over the Philadelphia Athletics, winners of three of the last four World Series. Short on cash that summer, Dunn sold Ruth to the Boston Red Sox. [PAR] On July 11, 1914, less than five months after leaving St. Mary’s, Babe made his debut at Fenway Park: he pitched seven innings against Cleveland and received credit for a 4-3 win. After being hit hard | Which team has not won a World Series since Babe Ruth stopped pitching for them? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Jane FondaJane Fonda (born Jayne Seymour Fonda; December 21, 1937) is an American actress, writer, political activist, former fashion model and fitness guru. She is a two-time Academy Award winner and two time BAFTA Award winner. In 2014, she was the recipient of the American Film Institute AFI Life Achievement Award. [PAR] Fonda made her Broadway debut in the 1960 play There Was a Little Girl, for which she received the first of two Tony Award nominations, and made her screen debut later the same year in Tall Story. She rose to fame in 1960s films such as Period of Adjustment (1962), Sunday in New York (1963), Cat Ballou (1965), Barefoot in the Park (1967) and Barbarella (1968). Her first husband was Barbarella director Roger Vadim. A seven-time Academy Award nominee, she received her first nomination for They Shoot Horses, Don't They (1969) and went on to win two Best Actress Oscars in the 1970s for Klute (1971) and Coming Home (1978). Her other nominations were for Julia (1977), The China Syndrome (1979), On Golden Pond (1981) and The Morning After (1986). Her other major competitive awards include an Emmy Award for the 1984 TV film The Dollmaker, two BAFTA Awards for Julia and The China Syndrome and four Golden Globe Awards. [PAR] In 1982, she released her first exercise video, Jane Fonda's Workout, which became the highest-selling video of the time. It would be the first of 22 workout videos released by her over the next 13 years which would collectively sell over 17 million copies. Divorced from second husband Tom Hayden, she married billionaire media mogul Ted Turner in 1991 and retired from acting. Fonda was divorced from Turner in 2001. She returned to acting with her first film in 15 years with the 2005 comedy Monster in Law. Subsequent films have included Georgia Rule (2007), The Butler (2013), This Is Where I Leave You (2014) and Youth (2015). In 2009, she returned to Broadway after a 45-year absence, in the play 33 Variations, which earned her a Tony Award nomination, while her recurring role in the HBO drama series The Newsroom (2012-2014), has earned her two Emmy Award nominations. She also released another five exercise videos between 2010 and 2012. She currently stars with Lily Tomlin and Martin Sheen in the Netflix original series Grace and Frankie (2015). [PAR] Fonda was a visible political activist in the counterculture era during the Vietnam War and has been more recently involved in advocacy for women. She was famously and controversially photographed sitting on an anti-aircraft gun on a 1972 visit to Hanoi. She has also protested the Iraq War and violence against women, and describes herself as a feminist. In 2005, she, Robin Morgan and Gloria Steinem co-founded the Women's Media Center, an organization that works to amplify the voices of women in the media through advocacy, media and leadership training, and the creation of original content. Fonda currently serves on the board of the organization. She published an autobiography in 2005. In 2011, she published a second memoir, Prime Time. [PAR] Background [PAR] Jayne Seymour Fonda was born on December 21, 1937, in New York City, the daughter of actor Henry Fonda and the Canadian-born socialite Frances Ford Brokaw (née Seymour). According to her father, their surname came from an Italian ancestor who immigrated to the Netherlands in the 1500s.Henry Fonda, My Life, New York: Dutton, 1981. There, they intermarried and began to use Dutch given names, with Jane's first Fonda ancestor reaching New York in 1650. She also has English, Scottish, and French ancestry. She was named for the third wife of Henry VIII, Jane Seymour, to whom she is distantly related on her mother's side. She has a brother, Peter, an actor, and a maternal half-sister, Frances de Villers Brokaw (aka "Pan"), whose daughter is Pilar Corrias, | Who did Jane Fonda play in the 60s movie of the same name where she repeatedly lost her clothes. | [
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[DOC] [TLE] World's 10 Legendary Diamonds - Bridal Jewelry NewsWorld's 10 Legendary Diamonds - Bridal Jewelry NewsBridal Jewelry News [PAR] Posted on April 19, 2013 by admin [PAR] The world’s most famous diamonds are its largest diamonds. At staggering weights up to thousands of carats, these diamonds have been cut, re-shaped and sold many times, contributing to their rich, interesting histories. [PAR] Diamond symbolizes eternal love, purity and strength. A diamond is known by its 4 C’s . There are four different characteristics- the Carat, the Color, the Cut and the Clarity. A number of large or extraordinary diamonds have gained fame, as exquisite examples of the beautiful nature of diamonds, and because of the famous people who wore, bought, and sold them. A list of the most famous diamonds in history follows. [PAR] 1. Spoonmaker’s Diamond [PAR] Spoonmaker’s Diamond Source: Wadaphoto in JP [PAR] The Spoonmaker’s Diamond the most valuable single exhibit of the Topkapi Palace Museum and part of the Imperial Treasury. It is an 86 carats (17 g) pear-shaped diamond. Surrounded by a double-row of 49 Old Mine cut diamonds and well spotlighted, it hangs in a glass case on the wall of one of the rooms of the Treasury. [PAR] Various stories are told about the Spoonmaker’s Diamond. According to one tale, a poor fisherman in Istanbul empty-handed along the shore when he found a shiny stone among the litter, which he turned over and over not knowing what it was. After carrying it about in his pocket for a few days, he stopped by the jewelers’ market, showing it to the first jeweler he encountered. The jeweler took a casual glance at the stone and appeared disinterested, saying “It’s a piece of glass, take it away if you like, or if you like I’ll give you three spoons. You brought it all the way here, at least let it be worth your trouble.” What was the poor fisherman to do with this piece of glass? What’s more the jeweler had felt sorry for him and was giving three spoons. He said okay and took the spoons, leaving in their place an enormous treasure. It is for this reason they say that the diamond’s name became the “Spoonmaker’s Diamond”. [PAR] Spoonmaker’s Diamond Photo by Eric Feldman [PAR] The pride of the Topkapi Palace Museum and its most valuable single exhibit is the 86-carat pear-shaped Spoonmaker Diamond, also known as the Kasikci. [PAR] 2. Koh-i-Noor Diamond [PAR] The-Queen-Mother’s-Crown-featuring-Koh-i-Noor-diamond The Queen Mother’s Crown © CORBIS [PAR] The Kōh-i Nūr that means “Mountain of Light” is a 105 carat (21.6 g) diamond that was once the largest known diamond in the world. [PAR] It is of great historical significance. It belonged to great Mughal Kingdom of Indo-Pakistan Subcontinent. Hindus, Mughals, Persian, Afghan, Sikh and British rulers fought bitterly over it at various points in history and seized it as a spoil of war time and again. It was finally seized by the East India Company and became part of the British Crown Jewels when Queen Victoria was proclaimed Empress of India in 1877. [PAR] Queen Elizabeth (later Queen Mother) wearing the Koh-I-Noor set in her crown on the balcony of Buckingham Palace, after the coronation of King George VI, with daughter Princess Elizabeth, now Queen Elizabeth II. [PAR] Photo from Telegraph, UK [PAR] Many lay claim to the Koh-i-Noor, including the Taliban, who trace its origin in India through Afghanistan in ancient days. Indian Sikhs have asked for the diamond back too, as they were the most recent holders before the British. For their part, the British are deaf to these claims, arguing since the diamond has passed through so many hands for so long, they have just as much right to the stone as anyone. [PAR] 3. The Great Star of Africa [PAR] The Great Star of Africa diamond [PAR] The Great Star of Africa a.k.a Cullinan diamond is the largest rough gem-quality diamond ever | The Fabulous Cullinan diamond was cut into how many separate gems? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Tennis-Leading men's singles grand slam champions | ReutersTennis-Leading men's singles grand slam champions | Reuters [PAR] Sun Jul 6, 2014 | 7:00 PM BST [PAR] Tennis-Leading men's singles grand slam champions [PAR] LONDON, July 6 List of men with most grand slam singles titles in the professional era, since 1968, after Novak Djokovic's seventh in the 2014 Wimbledon final on Sunday: [PAR] 1. Roger Federer (Switzerland) - 17 titles [PAR] Four Australian Open wins (2004, 2006, 2007, 2010), one French Open (2009), seven Wimbledon (2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012), five U.S. Open (2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008) [PAR] 2. Rafael Nadal (Spain) - 14 [PAR] One Australian Open (2009), nine French Open (2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014), two Wimbledon (2008, 2010), two US Open (2010, 2013) [PAR] =. Pete Sampras (U.S.) - 14 [PAR] Two Australian Open (1994, 1997), seven Wimbledon (1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000), five U.S. Open (1990, 1993, 1995, 1996, 2002) [PAR] 4. Bjorn Borg (Sweden) - 11 [PAR] Six French Open (1974, 1975, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981), five Wimbledon (1976, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980) [PAR] 5. Jimmy Connors (U.S.) - 8 [PAR] One Australian Open (1974), two Wimbledon (1974, 1982), five U.S. Open (1974, 1976, 1978, 1982, 1983) [PAR] =. Ivan Lendl (Czechoslovakia/U.S.) - 8 [PAR] Two Australian Open (1989, 1990), three French Open (1984, 1986, 1987), three U.S. Open (1985, 1986, 1987) [PAR] =. Andre Agassi (U.S.) - 8 [PAR] Four Australian Open (1995, 2000, 2001, 2003), one French Open (1999), one Wimbledon (1992), two U.S. Open wins (1994, 1999) [PAR] 8. Novak Djokovic (Serbia) - 7 [PAR] Four Australian Open (2008, 2011, 2012, 2013), two Wimbledon (2011, 2014), one U.S. Open (2011) [PAR] =. John McEnroe (U.S.) - 7 [PAR] Three Wimbledon (1981, 1983, 1984), four U.S. Open (1979, 1980, 1981, 1984) [PAR] =. Mats Wilander (Sweden) - 7 [PAR] Three Australian Open (1983, 1984, 1988), three French Open (1982, 1985, 1988), one U.S. Open (1988) [PAR] 10. Stefan Edberg (Sweden) - 6 [PAR] Two Australian Open (1985, 1987), two Wimbledon (1988, 1990), two U.S. Open (1991, 1992) [PAR] =. Boris Becker (Germany) - 6 [PAR] Two Australian Open (1991, 1996), three Wimbledon (1985, 1986, 1989), one U.S. Open (1989) [PAR] (Compiled by Sam Holden; Editing by Rex Gowar) [PAR] ADVERTISEMENT[DOC] [TLE] TennisTennis is a racket sport that can be played individually against a single opponent (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles). Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over or around a net and into the opponent's court. The object of the game is to play the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to play a valid return. The player who is unable to return the ball will not gain a point, while the opposite player will. [PAR] Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society and at all ages. The sport can be played by anyone who can hold a racket, including wheelchair users. The modern game of tennis originated in Birmingham, England, in the late 19th century as "lawn tennis". It had close connections both to various field ("lawn" | Which European won tennis's 1989 Men's Singles at the US Open? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Automobile Ignition System History - Motor EraAutomobile Ignition System History [PAR] Automobile History [PAR] IGNITION SYSTEM [PAR] Early one September morning in 1908, Ernest Sweet, chief engineer for the Cadillac Motor Car Co., stepped off a train in Dayton, Ohio. He was met by an engineer who worked for National Cash Register. [PAR] In the five years he had spent at NCR, the younger man -- he was 32 -- had invented an electrically operated cash register that did away with hand cranking. He had also developed OK Charge Phone, the nation's first "automated" credit checking system. This magnetic device, placed in a cash register, allowed a sales person to press register keys and transmit information about a charge customer's purchase to a central office. Approval or disapproval was then telephoned back to the counter. The young man's contemporaries thought him a genius. [PAR] However, Sweet was not in Dayton to discuss cash registers. At the urging of his boss, Henry M. Leland, he was there to test-drive a Cadillac Roadster owned by the NCR engineer. Leland had received a letter from the Dayton resident describing a "flawless" battery ignition system for motor vehicles. Magneto ignition was the standard in those days because battery ignition just did not work. Sparkplugs fouled, vibrators failed, and batteries often gave out after 500 miles. Brief encounters with battery ignition by other carmakers -- Duryea in 1893, for example -- caused them to return to the reliable magneto. [PAR] For the next eight hours, Sweet drove the Cadillac over the hills surrounding Dayton, putting the Roadster through every rigorous test he knew. As the young engineer had promised, the ignition system performed flawlessly. As a result of this test, Leland met the NCR engineer several weeks later at Cadillac headquarters in Detroit to personally hand him a contract calling for 8,000 of his battery ignition units -- enough for every Cadillac that would be produced in 1910. The young engineer was Charles Franklin Kettering. In the years ahead, his influence on General Motors would rival even that of Leland. [PAR] What had Kettering done that allowed a battery ignition to perform reliably? To start with, he combined the standard four induction coils (one for each sparkplug) into one by placing them in a heat-resistant, solidly anchored, armored-steel box and connecting them in series. This did away with the nagging problem of rapid coil failure caused by vibration and heat, and also allowed conservation of power. Battery life was therefore extended. [PAR] Kettering also eliminated the individual vibrators (also called "tremblers") - - one for each coil -- that made and broke the circuit. He replaced them with a single master set of contact points connected to a condenser. The condenser drew excess current away from the points, contributing to their longevity. [PAR] Tremblers (steel springs) were susceptible to loosening by vibration. This required motorists to make frequent adjustments. The devices also quickly burned themselves to death as a result of electrical arcing. Kettering's ignition produced a much hotter spark than ever before, using less battery current, which extended component life. [PAR] The contract Leland handed Kettering enabled him to quit NCR and begin his own business, which he called Dayton Engineering Laboratories Co. -- Delco for short. More important, the contract put Kettering's mind solely on perfecting what was to be the standard auto ignition system -- one that's still with us today -- and on development of the self-starter. [PAR] Yet, when the 1910 Cadillac Model 30 hit the showrooms , customers found that it possessed two independent ignition systems -- the much-heralded Delco and the standard magneto, installed just in case. [PAR] Although it was only another two years before dry cells were replaced by storage batteries, it was quite a while longer before storage batteries attained any degree of reliability. [PAR] As late as 1935, some manufacturers were still placing magnetos into cars. But, for all intents and purposes, the end of the magneto came with the end of the Model T Ford in 1927. Ford refused to trust battery ignition for the Model T, even after the development of more reliable storage batteries. So, every Model T came | Which American company pioneered electric ignition in motor cars? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Vijay Singh vs. The World | Golf.comVijay Singh vs. The World | Golf.com [PAR] © 2014 Ti Golf Holdings Inc. All Rights Reserved. [PAR] Vijay Singh vs. The World [PAR] Three-time major winner Vijay Singh has made millions of dollars, and maybe only slightly fewer enemies, thanks to his candor and sometimes prickly demeanor. A look at the Hall-of- Famer’s most heated feuds. [PAR] View Gallery [PAR] Next [PAR] Fiji, February 22, 1963: A star is born. And a scrappy one at that. To a family so poor that they can’t afford golf balls, so young Vijay uses coconuts instead. “My father used to say, “‘Little Vijay, golf balls don’t fall off trees, you know,’” Singh recalled later. “So I found some that did.” [PAR] Without ready access to formal instruction, a self-sufficient Singh finds guidance in a photo spread of Tom Weiskopf’s swing, which becomes an inspiration for his own. [PAR] At 19, Singh takes his budding talents to Australia, where he earns his card but senses ugly currents of discrimination. Denied access to some top facilities, the story goes, he bangs balls on rugby and soccer fields instead. [PAR] Singh wins the 1984 Malaysian PGA Championship. But his rags-to-riches ascent hits turbulence the next year when Singh is suspended from the Asian Tour over allegations of scorecard-doctoring at the Indonesian Open. Singh denies wrongdoing, but after an official investigation, the suspension becomes a lifetime ban. [PAR] The past is past. Or is it? In the wake of Singh’s 2000 Masters win, a reporter dredges up bad memories by asking about the Jakarta Open incident. “This is not a murdery mystery, where you go an dig up all the facts and investigate it,” Singh is quoted as saying. “That part of my life is disappointing and heart-breaking, and I just want to leave it alone.” [PAR] Who’s afraid of the world’s number one? Not Vijay Singh, who pairs with Retief Goosen to beat Tiger Woods and Notah Begay III in Saturday four-balls at the 2000 Presidents Cup. [PAR] Who else isn’t afraid? Vijay’s caddie, Paul Tesori, who shows up for Singh’s singles match against Woods wearing a cap that reads in back: “Tiger Who?” Woods win the head-to-head 2 and 1. [PAR] So there’s testiness with Tiger. And Annika Sorenstam too. In 2003, when the LPGA star earns an exemption into the Bank of America Colonial, Singh voices his displeasure. “I hope she misses the cut,” he says. “Why? Because she doesn’t belong here.” [PAR] Ornery. Cantankerous. That’s Singh’s reputation, and he burnishes it at the 2005 Masters, where he confronts Phil Mickelson in the locker room, griping to Lefty that his spikes roughed up the greens. The exchange reportedly grows so heated that the two men have to be separated by onlookers. [PAR] Oh, deer. In a 2013 Sports Illustrated article, Singh discusses having taken an exotic-sounding substance. The PGA Tour suspends him for 90 days. Why all the hubbub? Google searches soar for “deer antler spray,” which is believed to contain the banned substance IGF-I. Singh appeals the suspension. [PAR] Never mind. Deer antler spray isn’t a problem, after all, the World Anti Doping Agency declares. The Tour, in turn, drops its case against Singh. [PAR] The deer beef is over, right? Wrong. A day before the 2013 Players Championship, Singh sues the Tour, saying the deer antler spray investigation put him through “public humiliation and ridicule.” [PAR] The suit also alleges that Singh was subjected to “disparate treatment” from other players who were also connected to deer antler spray, including Mark Calcavecchia, who was reportedly told by the Tour in 2011 to stop using the stuff. [PAR] 14. A Sports Illustrated anonymous poll of Tour players reveals that 64 percent of Tour players feel Singh should have been suspended. Singh’s attorney, Peter Ginsberg, has a different take | Golf star Vijay Singh comes form where? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Australia II, 1983 winner of the America’s Cup | Western ...Australia II, 1983 winner of the America’s Cup | Western Australian Museum [PAR] Australia II, 1983 winner of the America’s Cup [PAR] Collection Highlights | Updated 3 years ago [PAR] Australia II (MHK D2/458) [PAR] Image copyright of WA Museum [PAR] On 26 September 1983, the yacht Australia II made history when the oldest sporting trophy in the world, the America’s Cup, was wrested from the Americans after 132 years. [PAR] The Australia II was owned and built by a syndicate Western Australians headed by former businessman Alan Bond. The syndicate had unsuccessfully challenged for the Cup three times, which had been held by the New York Yacht Club since 1851, but the syndicate was determined to bring home the ‘auld mug’ in 1983. [PAR] The designer of Australia II, Ben Lexcen, had conceived a winged keel that under secret testing in the Netherlands had out-performed conventional keels. The yacht was built in Cottesloe by local boatbuilder Steve Ward. The crew was based in Perth and undertook a rigorous training program to prepare them for the series of races that would determine the challenger for the America’s Cup, held in Newport, Rhode Island. [PAR] Following the success of Australia II in the Round Robin series to select a challenger for the Cup, the yacht raced in the best of seven races to determine the ultimate winner. At the end of four races, with the score 3-1 against them, the crew of Australia II faced an enormous challenge. Against all the odds Australia II went on to win the remaining three races, becoming the first non-American yacht to win the Cup. [PAR] In 1988 the yacht and associated material was bought by the Australian government for $2,000,000, and accessioned into the National Museum of Australia collection. The yacht was subsequently displayed in Fremantle before a new home in Sydney, the Australian National Maritime Museum, was prepared. [PAR] In 1995 the Australian government offered the yacht back to the Western Australian community, recognising the value of conserving objects in their original place. A purpose-built facility to house the yacht was proposed. The museum, located at the western end of Victoria Quay in Fremantle, was completed in May 2002 and installation of the Museum’s exhibition completed for opening in December of the same year. [PAR] The yacht Australia II is displayed in a defining moment of the final race. Having just passed the American boat Liberty on the last downwind leg, Australia II is fast approaching the last rounding mark, the America’s cup buoy. The yacht is heeled to approximately 9 degrees as it approaches the mark, to begin the final leg to the finish. During the final windward beat Australia II tacked many times to defend their precious lead. At 5.21pm the yacht crossed the line to win the America’s Cup. [PAR] [DOC] [TLE] Sails Magazine - 1983 The real storySails Magazine - 1983 The real story [PAR] SAILS 21 PUBLISHED AUGUST 2013 [PAR] 1983 The real story [PAR] Editor-at-large Peter Campbell was at Newport, Rhode Island thirty years ago this September to experience the extraordinary drama and ultimate victory of Australia II in the 1983 America’s Cup Challenge Match. [PAR] Images Daniel Forster / Peter Campbell [PAR] September 26, 2013 will mark the 30th anniversary of the day the famous ‘wing-keeled wonder from Down Under’, Australia II, ended the longest winning streak in world sporting history, 132 years, when she defeated the New York Yacht Club’s Liberty to win the America’s Cup. [PAR] Not only that, it was the most drawn-out defence in the history of the America’s Cup, sailed off Newport, Rhode Island, with the seven races and other attempts to race spread from September 13 though to September 26. [PAR] The Cup was a grand joust between two of the world’s finest helmsmen, John Bertrand representing Royal Perth Yacht Club with Australia II, Dennis Conner skippering the New York Yacht Club’s Liberty. That was back in the grand days of the 12-metre class, so-called ‘lead mines’ designed and built within the metre rule. [PAR] Australia II designer Ben Lexcen, left, | What has been won by Australia II and America 3? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Facts about Jane Russell - The Meaning Of The NameFacts about Jane Russell - The Meaning Of The Name [PAR] The Meaning Of The Name [PAR] Toggle navigation [PAR] Nationality: United States of America [PAR] Occupation: Actress [PAR] Height: 5 ft 6 in (170 cm) [PAR] For privacy reasons, we cannot provide the meaning of this celebrity's name! Instead, please find the Numerology Interpretation for that name. [PAR] The Growth number corresponding to this first name is 3. [PAR] Interpretation: [PAR] Learn more with our free [PAR] Numerology Tool [PAR] Which stars are celebrating their birthday today? [PAR] Check our [PAR] and find out celebrities born on your birthday. [PAR] Biography [PAR] Ernestine Jane Geraldine Russell (June 21, 1921 – February 28, 2011), generally known as Jane Russell, was an American film actress, and was one of Hollywood's leading sex symbols in the 1940s and 1950s. [PAR] Russell moved from the Midwest to California, where she had her first film role in 1943 with The Outlaw. In 1947 Russell delved into music before returning to films. After starring in multiple films in the 1950s, Russell again returned to music while completing several other films in the 1960s. She starred in more than 20 films throughout her career. [PAR] Russell married three times, adopted three children, and in 1955 founded the World Adoption International Fund. She received several accolades for her achievements in films, including having her hand- and footprints immortalized in the forecourt of Grauman's Chinese Theatre, and having a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. [PAR] The section "Biography" of this page contains content from the copyrighted Wikipedia article " Jane Russell "; that content is used under the GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) . You may redistribute it, verbatim or modified, providing that you comply with the terms of the GFDL.[DOC] [TLE] Jane Russell | ChickipediaJane Russell | Chickipedia [PAR] Expert on Jane Russell? She needs your help. Add biography, facts, photos, videos along with any other details about Jane Russell, like tattoos, hook-ups or relationships. [PAR] Jane Russell [PAR] == Biography == Ernestine Jane Geraldine Russell was born on June 21, 1921 in Bemidji, Minnesota. Her father was an US Army lieutenant and her mother had been a student of drama and an actress with a traveling troupe. [PAR] DETAILS [PAR] Add [PAR] Jane Russell Biography [PAR] Ernestine Jane Geraldine Russell was born on June 21, 1921 in Bemidji, Minnesota. Her father was an US Army lieutenant and her mother had been a student of drama and an actress with a traveling troupe. Once Mr. Russell was mustered out of the service, the family took up residence in Canada, but moved to California when he found employment there. The family was well-to-do and although Jane was the only girl among four brothers, her mother saw to it that she took piano lessons. In addition to music, Jane was interested in drama much as her mother had been and participated in high school stage productions. Upon graduation, Jane took a job as a receptionist for a doctor who specialized in foot disorders. Although she had originally planned on being a designer, her father died and she had to go to work to help the family. Jane modeled on the side and was very much sought-after especially because of her figure. [PAR] She managed to save enough money to go to drama school, with the urging of her mother. She was ultimately signed by Howard Hughes for his production of The Outlaw (1943) in 1941, the film that was to make Jane famous. The film wasn't a classic by any means, but was geared to show off Jane's ample physical assets. Although the film was made in 1941, it wasn't released until two years later and then only on a limited basis due to the way the film portrayed Jane's assets. It was hard for the flick to pass the censorship board. Finally, the film gained general release in 1946. The film was a smash at the box-office. [PAR] Jane didn't make another film until 1946 when she played Joan Kenwood in Young Widow (1946). She had signed | What was Jane Russell's real first name? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Arturo Merino Benitez Airport, Chile (Code :: SCL ...Arturo Merino Benitez Airport, Chile (Code :: SCL) | Santiago Airport Map, Arturo Merino Benitez Airport Code [PAR] Timezone : America/Santiago [PAR] Arturo Merino Benitez Airport Timezone : GMT -03:00 hours [PAR] Current time and date at Arturo Merino Benitez Airport is 04:04:25 AM (CLST) on Thursday, Jan 19, 2017 [PAR] Looking for information on Arturo Merino Benitez Airport, Santiago, Chile? Know about Arturo Merino Benitez Airport in detail. Find out the location of Arturo Merino Benitez Airport on Chile map and also find out airports near to Santiago. This airport locator is a very useful tool for travelers to know where is Arturo Merino Benitez Airport located and also provide information like hotels near Arturo Merino Benitez Airport, airlines operating to Arturo Merino Benitez Airport etc... IATA Code and ICAO Code of all airports in Chile. Scroll down to know more about Arturo Merino Benitez Airport or Santiago Airport, Chile. [PAR] Arturo Merino Benitez Airport Map - Location of Arturo Merino Benitez Airport [PAR] Load Map [PAR] This page provides all the information you need to know about Arturo Merino Benitez Airport, Chile. This page is created with the aim of helping travelers and tourists visiting Chile or traveling to Santiago Airport. [PAR] Details about Santiago Airport given here include [PAR] Arturo Merino Benitez Airport Code - IATA Code (3 letter airport codes) and ICAO Code (4 letter airport codes) [PAR] Coordinates of Santiago Airport - Latitude and Longitude (Lat and Long) of Arturo Merino Benitez Airport [PAR] Location of Arturo Merino Benitez Airport - City Name, Country, Country Codes etc... [PAR] Arturo Merino Benitez Airport Time Zone and Current time at Arturo Merino Benitez Airport [PAR] Address and contact details of Arturo Merino Benitez Airport along with website address of the airport [PAR] Clickable Location Map of Arturo Merino Benitez Airport on Google Map. [PAR] General information about Chile where Arturo Merino Benitez Airport is located in the city of Santiago. General information include capital of Chile, currency and conversion rate of Chile currency, Telephone Country code, exchange rate against US Dollar and Euro in case of major world currencies etc... [PAR] SCL - Arturo Merino Benitez Airport IATA Code and SCEL - Arturo Merino Benitez Airport ICAO code[DOC] [TLE] Arturo Merino Benitez International Airport - Santiago, CHILESCEL airport information, location and details [PAR] Arturo Merino Benitez International Airport - Santiago, CHILE [PAR] SCEL airport information, location and details [PAR] Information [PAR] Airport Map [PAR] Arturo Merino Benitez International Airport (SCEL) Charter Flights [PAR] Arturo Merino Benitez International Airport in Santiago, CHILE is one of the more than 5,000 private jet airports you can access through PrivateJets.com. Unlike commercial air travel, utilizing a private jet charter service allows you to fly into the airport of your choice, on your schedule. [PAR] Need a Charter Quote for Arturo Merino Benitez International Airport (SCEL)? [PAR] If you would like a complimentary charter price estimate for a flight from Arturo Merino Benitez International Airport, simply fill in the details above in our Private Jet Travel Planner, and one of our expert Sales Directors will follow up promptly with your quote details.[DOC] [TLE] Santiago Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport Guide ...Santiago Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport Guide (SCL) [PAR] Santiago Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport Guide (SCL) [PAR] Airport info [PAR] Casilla 79 Correo Aeropuerto Internacional, Santiago, Chile [PAR] Location: [PAR] Santiago Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport is located 15km (9.5 miles) northwest of central Santiago. [PAR] No. of terminals: 2 [PAR] Timezone: GMT -04:00 [PAR] Map: [PAR] Located a short distance from Chile’s capital, Santiago Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport is the county’s largest airport and is one of South America’s key transport hubs. Our Santiago Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport guide includes information on facilities, public transport options and nearby hotels. [PAR] Airport news : [PAR] A master plan at the airport is underway that includes an expansion of the main terminal building and the construction of an additional terminal. [PAR] Information : [PAR] Santiago Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport has two information desks (tel: +56 2 2690 1752), one on the first floor (Arrivals) and another on the third floor (Departures | Arturo Marino Benitez international airport is in which country? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] The Night Chicago Died - Paper Lace | - Top One-Hit WondersThe Night Chicago Died - Paper Lace | [PAR] Click to hear more one-hit wonders that hit #1 [PAR] Listen to The Night Chicago Died by Paper Lace [PAR] Like so many one-hit wonders, this British band released two albums and quickly disappeared from the public consciousness. But my favorite part of their story is that they also released “Billy Don’t Be a Hero” at the exact same time Bo Donaldson and the Heywoods. Their record label knew Paper Lace had a hit on their hands; they just didn’t have timing on their side as Donaldson’s version of “Billy Don’t Be a Hero” sold millions of records while the Paper Lace version languished at #98 on the Billboard Top 100. [PAR] Timing is everything and Paper Lace was just a few days too late. But they did hit #1 once with “The Night Chicago Died” and that’s more than most bands who have multiple hits can claim. [PAR] And for the record, Bo Donaldson and the Heywoods are NOT a one-hit wonder but had multiple chart hits even though the only one you likely remember is “Billy Don’t Be a Hero.” [PAR] Buy The Night Chicago Died by Paper Lace [PAR] More Songs You Should Hear:[DOC] [TLE] The Night Chicago Died by Paper Lace SongfactsThe Night Chicago Died by Paper Lace Songfacts [PAR] The Night Chicago Died by Paper Lace Songfacts [PAR] Songfacts [PAR] This song tells a story about the notorious gangster Al Capone and his men having a shootout out with the police. As you can see from the comments below, there is plenty of debate as to whether or not the story is true. Mitch Murray, who wrote the song, cleared this up when he sent us the following: [PAR] I'd like to start by thanking your contributors for so many flattering comments regarding 'The Night Chicago Died.' As co-writer of this song, I feel qualified to settle some of the questions posed by those comments. My writing partner, Peter Callander, and I are both British and it's true, we'd never been to Chicago at the time we wrote the song - many other parts of the USA, but not Chicago. Having been brought up on a tasty diet of American gangster movies, the term 'East Side' usually meant the seamy side of a city. Of course, looking back, it was used about New York, not Chicago. We (actually, I mostly blame Peter because he had the last words on lyrics while I had the last word on the tunes) were obviously a little careless with our research, as we were when we wrote about Al Capone fighting the 'forces of the law' - I really don't think that ever happened; apparently, the cops were nearly all on Capone's payroll. The song was certainly a work of fiction, and as such, perhaps we should have used fictional gangster names. Still, it's hard to have regrets when your song is No 1 in the USA. Just to put the record straight, Paper Lace was the excellent group who recorded our song, but had nothing to do with the writing - that was our department, as was production of the record. Thank you all, once again, for your interest in 'The Night Chicago Died' Mitch Murray, London, England. (West Side of London) [PAR] Paper Lace's previous release was "Billy Don't Be A Hero," which was also written by Murray and Callander. It topped the UK charts, but they had to watch as Bo Donaldson And The Heywood's cover version reach #1 in the US. This gave them a hit both sides of the Atlantic.[DOC] [TLE] 24 One-Hit Wonders from the 1970s that Are Number 1 Hits24 One-Hit Wonders from the 1970s that Are Number 1 Hits | [PAR] Click to hear more songs from the 1970s [PAR] Though the 1970s takes heat for disco one-hit wonders , remarkably, only 6 of these 24 songs can rightfully be considered disco music. On this list you’ll find everything from soft-rock to love | Who had a 70s No 1 hit with The Night Chicago Died? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Going With The Mo, Decorated Sprint Great Maurice Greene ...Going With The Mo, Decorated Sprint Great Maurice Greene Does It His Way by Dave Hunter - RunBlogRun [PAR] RunBlogRun [PAR] By RBR Admin on September 4, 2013 11:11 AM | 0 Comments [PAR] I have to admit, Mo Greene has always been one of my favorite athletes. In his day, Mo Greene was showman, great sprinter and hugely talented and focused athlete. Now, Mo Greene is media mogul, track coach and Olympic champion. [PAR] Dave Hunter interviewed Mo Greene for RunBlogRun, for which we have this superb read for today, September 4, 2013. Please enjoy! [PAR] Mo Greene, photo courtesy of PhotoRun/IAAF Communications [PAR] Going With The Mo [PAR] Decorated Sprint Great Maurice Greene Does It His Way [PAR] September 1, 2013 [PAR] Usain Bolt isn't the only sprinter who has dominated his era. Remember Maurice Greene? As the 20th century was winding down and the 21st century was dawning, there was no sprinter on the planet who was more feared, more successful, or more decorated than Big Mo. During [PAR] a career which spanned a decade, Greene collected a substantial amount of championship hardware: 4 Olympic medals, including 2 golds [100m and 4x100] from Sydney '00; and 5 golds in world championship competition, including Bolt Slam golds [100m, 200m, and 4x100] in Seville '99. The former world record holder at 100m [9.79], Greene still holds the indoor WR's for 50m [5.56] and 60m [6.39]. No doubt about it. When the chips were on the table, it was a safe bet that Maurice Greene would come up big. [PAR] Some years ago - and as is the case with all track & field performers - Maurice Greene had to face and deal with the approaching twilight of his career as an elite, world-class athlete. For many, this can be a time of quiet trauma. But - from all appearances - it would appear that Maurice Greene is facing and handling this inevitable life change with the poise and light-hearted good nature that marked his illustrious sprinting career, thank you very much. [PAR] In the afterglow of the 14th IAAF World Outdoor Track & Field championships, Maurice Greene was happy to spend some time offering insight on his current activities and his future plans. [PAR] "I've been working with Eurosport for the last two years - doing commentating and things like that," explains the sprint legend as he outlines his recent activities. "The producers came to me and we kinda developed this show together." The emerging show - Greene Light - has been crafted to provide more in-depth insights into elite athletes and their real lives - athletes such as like Allyson Felix and Blanka Vlasic - than could be garnered from programs focused exclusively upon athletic performance. "I told them earlier that I would rather make the people really get your motor up, rather than just reporting the same thing over and over. So it started that I would go around the country - wherever the athlete is - and visit them. They would show me around and tell me the things they do off the track. And then we get into a little bit of the track stuff." And with a smile he adds, "Here at the world championships, I'm just talking with athletes going over what happened during the day." Could a program like Greene Light work in the United States to provide much-needed increased television exposure to track & field? "I don't know," Greene confesses. "But we need to figure out a way." [PAR] As a world class athlete, Maurice Greene was never shy about voicing his opinion on a whole array of topics. And as he has made the transition from elite sprinter to one of the elder statesmen of the sport, none of that has changed. When asked how he responds to Ato Boldon's theory that a better understanding of race technique - not superior athleticism - is the | What is the nickname of record-breaking sprinter Maurice Greene? | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Creighton BluejaysThe Creighton Bluejays, or Jays, are the athletic teams that represent Creighton University, a Jesuit/Catholic University in Omaha, Nebraska, United States. They compete in NCAA Division I in the Big East Conference. [PAR] Teams [PAR] Creighton University sponsors six men's and eight women's teams in NCAA sanctioned sports: [PAR] Men's Intercollegiate Sports [PAR] * Baseball [PAR] * Basketball [PAR] * Cross Country [PAR] * Golf [PAR] * Soccer [PAR] * Tennis [PAR] * [PAR] Women's Intercollegiate Sports [PAR] * Basketball [PAR] * Cross Country [PAR] * Golf [PAR] * Rowing [PAR] * Soccer [PAR] * Softball [PAR] * Tennis [PAR] * Volleyball [PAR] * Note = Women's rowing competes in the West Coast Conference. [PAR] Baseball [PAR] Creighton's baseball team played its first Big East season in 2014. They are coached by Ed Servais who is entering his eighth season as head coach of the Bluejays. His record at Creighton is 254-149 (.630 winning percentage). [PAR] The team plays its home games at TD Ameritrade Park Omaha, also the home of the College World Series. Prior to the opening of TD Ameritrade Park, the program played games at the Creighton Sports Complex and Johnny Rosenblatt Stadium in South Omaha, which was also the home of the NCAA College World Series and the Omaha Royals (now known as the Omaha Storm Chasers) of the Pacific Coast League. [PAR] ;1991 College World Series [PAR] Creighton appeared in the NCAA College World Series for the only time in 1991. The Jays advanced to the CWS by defeating the Hawaii Rainbows 15-8 in finals of the NCAA West I Regional in Los Angeles. Prior to the victory over Hawaii, the Jays swept the four-game regional by beating Pepperdine, Minnesota and host team USC in a 10-inning 8-7 victory. [PAR] The seventh-seeded Bluejays (49-20) opened play against the second seeded Clemson Tigers in front of then record crowd of more than 16,000 at Rosenblatt Stadium. The game ended with an 8-4 Creighton victory, setting up a second round match with MVC rival Wichita State. [PAR] The Jays had finished the 1991 regular season with an overall record of 46-18, and a 16-8 record in the Missouri Valley Conference, good enough for second place behind league champion Wichita State. The Shockers had swept the regular season four-game series with the Jays, and had also defeated the Jays twice in the 1991 Missouri Valley Conference Baseball Tournament. [PAR] In one of the more memorable games in College World Series history, the Shockers defeated the Jays 3-2 in 12 innings. With one out in the bottom of the twelfth inning Wichita State center fielder Jim Audley threw out Creighton's pinch-runner Steve Burns at home plate in a play known to Bluejay and Shocker fans alike as "the throw." The game was recently ranked third in the list of the 25 greatest games in College World Series history by the Omaha World-Herald. [PAR] The Jays bounced back to defeat Long Beach State 13-4 in an elimination game, to set up a rematch with Wichita State in the National Semifinals. A trip to the title game for Creighton was not to be, however, as Wichita State advanced to the National Championship game after defeating Creighton for the eighth time that season, 11-3. [PAR] LSU defeated Wichita State 6-3 to win the 1991 NCAA Baseball National Championship. [PAR] The Bluejays Head Coach during that memorable 1991 season, Jim Hendry, is a former General Manager of the Chicago Cubs. Jim Hendry is also the only former Creighton Bluejay to have his number retired. His name and number (25) hang on the center field fence of Creighton Sports Complex. [PAR] Notable former Bluejay Baseball players include Hall of Fame inductee Bob Gibson as well as Dave McKay, Pat Venditte, Dennis Rasmussen, Scott Stahoviak, Scott Servais, Zach Daeges, Chad McConnell and Alan Benes. [PAR] Men's basketball [PAR] Creighton's men's basketball program has a member of the Big East Conference since the 2013–14 season. Prior to the 2013–14 season, the Jays were members of the Missouri Valley Conference from 1978-2013. Prior | In which state is the Creighton University? | [
"nebraska"
] | 8002e2bf7e61407b9e322fd1c9fbb961 | [
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[DOC] [TLE] Michael Jordan : Chicago Bulls Basketball PlayerMichael Jordan: Chicago Bulls Basketball Player [PAR] Born: February 17, 1963 in Brooklyn, New York [PAR] Nicknames: Air Jordan, His Airness, MJ [PAR] Best known for: Widely considered the greatest basketball player of all time [PAR] Biography: [PAR] Where was Michael born? [PAR] Michael Jeffrey Jordan was born in Brooklyn, New York on February 17, 1963. However, his family moved to Wilmington, North Carolina when he was still a young child. Michael grew up and honed his basketball skills at Emsley A. Laney High School in Wilmington where he became a McDonald's All-American by his senior year. Michael also played baseball and football in high school. He grew up with two older sisters, an older brother, and a younger sister. [PAR] Where did Michael Jordan go to college? [PAR] Michael attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC). He majored in cultural geography. He played basketball there for three years before going on to the NBA. He would later return and complete his degree. At UNC, Michael Jordan made the winning shot to beat Georgetown in the 1982 NCAA Championship game. This would be the start of many game winning shots for Michael. He was awarded the Naismith Award for the best college player in 1984. [PAR] Jordan and the Chicago Bulls [PAR] Michael was the 3rd player drafted in the 1984 NBA draft. He went to the Chicago Bulls. He had an immediate impact on the game and was named the NBA Rookie of the Year his first year. At first, Jordan was known as a great player and scorer, but the Bulls weren't very good. Over time, however, the team improved. [PAR] In 1991, the Bulls won their first championship. Over the next several years, Jordan would lead the Bulls to six NBA championships. Other important players on the championship Bulls teams included Scottie Pippen, Horace Grant, John Paxson, and Dennis Rodman. These teams were coached by Hall of Fame coach Phil Jackson. [PAR] Retirements [PAR] Jordan retired from the NBA three different times. The first time was in 1993 to play professional baseball. He retired again in 1999 only to return in 2001 to play for the Washington Wizards. He finally retired for good in 2003. [PAR] Was he the best ever? [PAR] Michael Jordan is widely considered to be the greatest basketball player in the history of the game. He was known for his all-around great basketball ability including scoring, passing, and defense. He won 6 NBA championships with the Chicago Bulls and won the NBA Finals MVP each time. He also won 5 NBA MVP awards and was consistently on the NBA All-Star Team as well as the all-defense team. [PAR] Not only was he one of the best players, but he was one of the most exciting to watch. His ability to jump, dunk, and seemingly change directions in the air was spellbinding. Like all great team sports athletes, Michael Jordan also made his teammates better players. [PAR] Pro Baseball Career [PAR] Michael Jordan quit basketball for a time to try out baseball. He played minor league baseball for the Chicago White Sox. His performance was mediocre and he never made it to the majors. He later decided to return to basketball. [PAR] Dream Team [PAR] In 1992, Jordan played on the United States men's Olympic basketball team. This team was the first team to feature NBA players and earned the nickname the "Dream Team." Jordan led a roster full of NBA Hall of Famers including Magic Johnson, Larry Bird, Patrick Ewing, Karl Malone, and Charles Barkley. They won the gold medal, winning every game by more than 30 points. [PAR] Michael Jordan in 2014 [PAR] What does Michael Jordan do now? [PAR] Today, Michael Jordan is part owner and manager of the NBA's Charlotte Hornets. He is actively involved in charity work and continues to endorse products. [PAR] Fun Facts about Michael Jordan [PAR] Michael was cut from the varsity team his sophomore year in high school. Boy, did he make a comeback! [PAR] Michael was famous for sticking out his tongue when he made moves or dunked | In which state did Michael Jordan play college basketball? | [
"north carolina"
] | 4eb398c5db0c4094b8299bf1c9da2553 | [
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Subsets and Splits