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10.1145/3025453.3025762 | Computer_Science_468 | The seemingly limitless imagination that can be applied to VR porn experiences could potentially open the door to a whole world of new sexual experiences. | Through our analysis, we demonstrate a narrative of a 'perfect', idealised sexual experience, as well as one which emphasised the imagined 'precarious' and dangerous consequences around this technology use. | Shutterstock
Some stories illustrated a perfect scenario that completely immersed Jack in a euphoric sexual experience that was "beyond his wildest dreams". The seemingly limitless imagination that can be applied to VR porn experiences could potentially open the door to a whole world of new sexual experiences. But some of the stories also portrayed Jack's experience as precarious, something so good that it started to take over his life or replace his real relationships. | Through our analysis, we demonstrate a narrative of a 'perfect', idealised sexual experience, as well as one which emphasised the imagined 'precarious' and dangerous consequences around this technology use. We indicate how the stories reproduced ideals around heteronormativity and hegemonic masculinity, suggesting an agenda of 'Designing for Eroticism' as a tactic which could avoid such problematic discourses. We also suggest the opportunities and challenges presented through use of the 'Story Completion Method'. | [4.0, 2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.2 | news | http://www.realclearscience.com/articles/2017/05/22/the_uncertain_future_of_virtual_reality_porn_110284.html |
10.1140/epjb/e2018-90532-7 | Computer_Science_469 | The authors find an overlap of 60% for the top 100 universities. | The largest number of top universities is in US but we see a significant numbers also for India, Japan, Germany and France for PageRank which characterizes the university influence. | Thus, they provide a more balanced view that reflects the standpoints of different cultures. The authors find an overlap of 60% for the top 100 universities. They believe, therefore, that the new ranking is a reliable alternative that attaches greater significance to universities' historical development. | In total for all 24 editions we find 1011 and 1464 different universities with PageRank and CheiRank algorithms respectively. The largest number of top universities is in US but we see a significant numbers also for India, Japan, Germany and France for PageRank which characterizes the university influence. The communicativity is highlighted by CheiRank with top countries being US, India, Japan, France and China. | [4.0, 2.0, 4.0, 1.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.8 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38376731042&p=1pl&v=1&x=Riw-7jplJPtlUuSehFfTQA |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Computer_Science_47 | It seemed that the longer someone had been driving a taxi, the larger his hippocampus, as though the brain expanded to accommodate the cognitive demands of navigating London's streets. | Clearly, more work is required to establish whether the effects we have described here in relation to taxi drivers generalize beyond the domain of memory and the hippocampus. | In other words, taxi drivers had plumper memory centers than their peers. It seemed that the longer someone had been driving a taxi, the larger his hippocampus, as though the brain expanded to accommodate the cognitive demands of navigating London's streets. But it was also possible that The Knowledge selected for people whose memory centers were larger than average in the first place. | These effects can be positive and negative, with increased expertise and grey matter volume in some brain regions occurring in tandem with decreased performance on other tasks and decreased grey matter volume in neighbouring brain areas. Clearly, more work is required to establish whether the effects we have described here in relation to taxi drivers generalize beyond the domain of memory and the hippocampus. In particular, longitudinal studies will be crucial to explore the nature and consequences of skill acquisition. | [3.0, 2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00367.x | Computer_Science_470 | On the other hand, if future power and influence rests with those wealthy teens, and they withdraw from Facebook, it may be one more way society is fragmenting, with the better-off seeking more exclusive ways to network. | H4b: The relationship between intensity of Facebook use and bonding social capital will vary depending on the degree of a person's satisfaction with life. | As well-to-do teens leave Facebook, they will no longer benefit from those tools. On the other hand, if future power and influence rests with those wealthy teens, and they withdraw from Facebook, it may be one more way society is fragmenting, with the better-off seeking more exclusive ways to network. Facebook's algorithms do tend to expose users primarily to the lives and interests of those they are closest to, but nonetheless offers a window from time to time into the lives of other friends who are more distant. | H4a: The relationship between intensity of Facebook use and bonding social capital will vary depending on the degree of a person's self esteem. H4b: The relationship between intensity of Facebook use and bonding social capital will vary depending on the degree of a person's satisfaction with life. Particularly significant changes in social networks may affect one's social capital, as when a person moves from the geographic location in which their network was formed and thus loses access to those social resources. | [2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37403441412&p=1pl&v=1&x=G6PRN_vwrtG5wHSvwkuGIA |
10.1016/j.jocs.2010.12.007 | Computer_Science_472 | This research and Andy Haldane's comments suggest that both the music and lyrics of popular songs can indeed be used to predict economic sentiment, and even short-term stock market movements. | For example, shows how online chat activity predicts book sales. | This type of evidence strongly suggests that music consumers' states of mind do have a bearing on what music they choose to pay for and listen to. This research and Andy Haldane's comments suggest that both the music and lyrics of popular songs can indeed be used to predict economic sentiment, and even short-term stock market movements. Calling for economists to consult the musical mood of the nation may seem somewhat surprising, bizarre even. | This may conceivably also be the case for the stock market. For example, shows how online chat activity predicts book sales. Although news most certainly influences stock market prices, public mood states or sentiment may play an equally important role. | [3.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.8 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34016848568&p=1pl&v=1&x=Zi9zktZOUNhwpUT-PtNnqA |
10.1073/pnas.1617258113 | Computer_Science_473 | That would put RDS on firm ground as one of the few methods to study vulnerable groups. | This process mimics that found in Goel and Salganik's assessment of RDS using the same Project 90 data (13). | "That makes it very difficult to make inferences or draw conclusions about these 'hidden' groups." That would put RDS on firm ground as one of the few methods to study vulnerable groups. But this is not possible when social or legal issues act as barriers between researchers and subjects. | Project 90. This process mimics that found in Goel and Salganik's assessment of RDS using the same Project 90 data (13). It should be noted that although these are simulation studies from a network, the network itself was not simulated. | [3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/zj7FqVF2ipE/ |
10.1073/pnas.1403657111 | Computer_Science_474 | A taxi-share system would likely do the opposite, decreasing the amount of money New Yorkers spend on cabs. | For instance, an 80% rate of shared trips translates into a 40% reduction of the taxi fleet. | On the whole, they increase the size of the taxi industry. A taxi-share system would likely do the opposite, decreasing the amount of money New Yorkers spend on cabs. New York's taxi fleet is busy -- yellow cabs are vacant only 25 percent of the time -- but the projected 40 percent drop in cab mileage produced by a modest ride-share scheme could presumably render several thousand Manhattan cabs obsolete. | Since a shared trip can be served by a single taxi instead of two, the number of shared trips can be used as a proxy for the reduction in number of circulating taxis. For instance, an 80% rate of shared trips translates into a 40% reduction of the taxi fleet. Other important objectives such as total system cost and emissions are reasonably approximated by criterion b). | [5.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://www.salon.com/2014/09/07/how_to_save_america_from_cars_start_sharing_them/ |
10.1038/nature17941 | Computer_Science_475 | The work of Kremkow and colleagues indicates that the organization of all maps originates from the same principle: an arrangement of thalamic afferents that minimizes differences in spatial position, eye input and light/dark polarity among neighboring cortical neurons. | This distinct arrangement of ON and OFF inputs enables continuity in the mapping of both orientation and visual space and the generation of a columnar map of absolute spatial phase. | Neurons responding to similar stimulus orientations also clustered forming a map with a pinwheel pattern that was discovered later by other scientists. The work of Kremkow and colleagues indicates that the organization of all maps originates from the same principle: an arrangement of thalamic afferents that minimizes differences in spatial position, eye input and light/dark polarity among neighboring cortical neurons. Moreover, they show that the organization of visual space, for both monocular and binocular vision, is more precise for darks than lights. | As a result, cortical columns exhibit an invariant aggregate receptive field structure: an OFF-dominated central region flanked by ON-dominated subfields. This distinct arrangement of ON and OFF inputs enables continuity in the mapping of both orientation and visual space and the generation of a columnar map of absolute spatial phase. 1a, b ), A large fraction (42%) of the layer 2/3 neurons that showed statistically significant receptive fields in response to this stimulus (see Methods) had spatially offset ON and OFF subfields, consistent with the organization of simple cells that has been described in other species. | [2.0, 3.0, 1.0, 4.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.2 | news | http://www.science20.com/news_articles/scientists_discover_a_surprising_central_role_of_darks_in_brain_visual_maps-171473 |
10.3389/frobt.2016.00072 | Computer_Science_476 | The simple game demonstrates one way that novel information from artificial sensors or computer-generated virtual worlds can be successfully encoded and delivered noninvasively to the human brain to solve useful tasks. | As seen in Figure 10 , no significant correlation exists between maze index and the probability that an error occurred on a turn [Pearson r = 0.04, t(12) = 0.15, p = 0.88]. | The five test subjects made the right moves in the mazes 92 percent of the time when they received the input via direct brain stimulation, compared to 15 percent of the time when they lacked that guidance. The simple game demonstrates one way that novel information from artificial sensors or computer-generated virtual worlds can be successfully encoded and delivered noninvasively to the human brain to solve useful tasks. The test subjects also got better at the navigation task over time, suggesting that they were able to learn to better detect the artificial stimuli. | Specifically, the probability of an error occurring on a turn should be higher in the later mazes than in the earlier ones. As seen in Figure 10 , no significant correlation exists between maze index and the probability that an error occurred on a turn [Pearson r = 0.04, t(12) = 0.15, p = 0.88]. Our results suggest that human subjects can learn to interpret the information delivered via non-invasive brain stimulation to solve a task in a virtual world. | [1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.5 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/fXDiotkrTV8/ |
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.10.029 | Computer_Science_477 | "This tells us that, for the most part, the language we happen to learn to speak does not change the organization of the brain," said Marcel Just, the D.O. | Furthermore, the activation patterns corresponding to some of these NPSFs are largely similar across speakers of different languages (e.g. | The findings can be used to improve machine translation, brain decoding across languages and, potentially, second language instruction. "This tells us that, for the most part, the language we happen to learn to speak does not change the organization of the brain," said Marcel Just, the D.O. Knowing this means that brain to brain or brain to computer interfaces can probably be the same for speakers of all languages," Just said. | (See Table S .1. in the Supplemental materials for a complete list of the NPSFs and the coding of some sample concepts). Furthermore, the activation patterns corresponding to some of these NPSFs are largely similar across speakers of different languages (e.g. and among bilinguals and monolinguals (e.g. | [1.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/JuI8qnXRmq4/ |
10.1140/epjds/s13688-014-0031-z | Computer_Science_478 | The findings show the extent to which communities outside of Boston expressed their emotions by using hashtags such as #PrayForBoston and how those reactions correlated with geographic proximity, social-network connections, and direct ties to Boston. | The distinct nature of these hashtags makes it likely that there are geographic differences in their use. | The study is the first large-scale analysis of fear and social-support reactions from geographically distant communities following a terrorist attack. The findings show the extent to which communities outside of Boston expressed their emotions by using hashtags such as #PrayForBoston and how those reactions correlated with geographic proximity, social-network connections, and direct ties to Boston. The full results of the study, which have been published online in the journal EPJ Data Science, may provide insight to governmental agencies exploring how to best handle public fear following a disruptive event. | This analysis thus confirms that the two hashtags, when used independently, were used to convey different meanings. The distinct nature of these hashtags makes it likely that there are geographic differences in their use. In particular, while the generic nature of sympathy (as expressed by #prayforboston) might not have any geographic specificity, expressions of solidarity (using #bostonstrong) would be expected from cities with deeper ties to Boston that include shared regional or cultural identities. | [4.0, 3.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.6 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/12/141211142616.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news%2Ftop_technology+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+Technology+News%29 |
10.1111/tops.12078 | Computer_Science_479 | When the computer "read" only so much, its performance on cognitive tests resembled that of a young adult. | Once the cost of processing this extra information is controlled for in studies of human performance, findings that are usually taken to suggest declining cognitive capacities can be seen instead to support little more than the unsurprising idea that choosing between or recalling items becomes more difficult as their numbers increase. | In fact, basic principles suggest that older adults exhibit greater sensitivity to the nuances of test items than younger adults, and for this reason, their comparative performance on tests may shine a little less brightly. When the computer "read" only so much, its performance on cognitive tests resembled that of a young adult. But when the same computer read as much as a human might over a lifetime, its performance appeared more like that of an older adult. | Given that the models run (and can be rerun) on computers, the possibility that any differences in their performance are due to aging hardware can be eliminated; instead, their patterns of performance reflect the information-processing costs that must inevitably be incurred as knowledge is acquired. Once the cost of processing this extra information is controlled for in studies of human performance, findings that are usually taken to suggest declining cognitive capacities can be seen instead to support little more than the unsurprising idea that choosing between or recalling items becomes more difficult as their numbers increase. We suggest that the answer to this question lies in the way that psychometric tests neglect learning and its relationship to the statistical patterns that characterize human experience. | [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.8 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/are-older-brains-wiser-aging-brains-slower-due-more-knowledge-and-experience-not-cognitive-decline |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Computer_Science_48 | Maguire thinks that The Knowledge may enlarge the hippocampus's posterior (rear) at the expense of its anterior (front), creating a trade-off of cognitive talents--that is, taxi drivers master some forms of memory but become worse at others. | Clearly, more work is required to establish whether the effects we have described here in relation to taxi drivers generalize beyond the domain of memory and the hippocampus. | The successful trainees did not perform better on all tests of memory, however. Maguire thinks that The Knowledge may enlarge the hippocampus's posterior (rear) at the expense of its anterior (front), creating a trade-off of cognitive talents--that is, taxi drivers master some forms of memory but become worse at others. She didn't find this same difference in her new study because, she speculates, front-end shrinkage may happen after the four years of training. | These effects can be positive and negative, with increased expertise and grey matter volume in some brain regions occurring in tandem with decreased performance on other tasks and decreased grey matter volume in neighbouring brain areas. Clearly, more work is required to establish whether the effects we have described here in relation to taxi drivers generalize beyond the domain of memory and the hippocampus. In particular, longitudinal studies will be crucial to explore the nature and consequences of skill acquisition. | [4.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1098/rsos.160007 | Computer_Science_480 | "Focus both limits the cognitive costs of task switching, and lowers communication and coordination barriers, since so much work is being accomplished by one or only a few individuals," the scholars think. | 1A) both display truncation and significant rollover. | Groups, which members have one particular function, tend to achieve much better results. "Focus both limits the cognitive costs of task switching, and lowers communication and coordination barriers, since so much work is being accomplished by one or only a few individuals," the scholars think. Nonetheless, the scientists admit that this success formula is not universal. | We present results that demonstrate (i) how teams distribute work activity across their members, (ii) the mixture of experiential diversity and collective leadership roles in teams, and (iii) how high-impact teams are different from other teams. 1A) both display truncation and significant rollover. Teams were relatively small, with only 0.46% of teams having M > 10 members. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.technology.org/2014/07/14/ensures-success-group-github-case/ |
10.1111/jcc4.12162 | Computer_Science_481 | The important thing is that someone, such as a close friend, takes the time to personalize it. | Respondents noted the importance of seemingly trivial interactions, such as sharing jokes or videos: "I post funny cat videos to her wall and she writes on my wall counting down the days until we're in the same town and get to see each other." | "This can be a comment that's just a sentence or two. The important thing is that someone, such as a close friend, takes the time to personalize it. The content may be uplifting, and the mere act of communication reminds recipients of the meaningful relationships in their lives." | Certainly much of the composed communication on Facebook may still be trivial but generate perceived support. Respondents noted the importance of seemingly trivial interactions, such as sharing jokes or videos: "I post funny cat videos to her wall and she writes on my wall counting down the days until we're in the same town and get to see each other." "His comments are hilarious, we get to trade jabs online." | [3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.25 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/jjMQ9mmdbGA/ |
10.1038/srep45898 | Computer_Science_482 | Single neurons in the brain are able to convey much more information than was previously thought and can interact to generate potentially super rich representations of sensory stimuli. | Such complementariness could allow for co-operative decoding within a small population of neurons, which together might provide a much higher capacity to segregate spatiotemporal patterns of tactile afferent input. | "We were able to measure the cooperation between neural networks in a very precise and detailed way. Single neurons in the brain are able to convey much more information than was previously thought and can interact to generate potentially super rich representations of sensory stimuli. "This knowledge will be embodied into a novel generation of sensitive robotic hands able to convey fine tactile information to amputees, says lead bioroboticist Calogero Oddo. | 2E) , this hinted at the possibility of complementary decoding between neurons. Such complementariness could allow for co-operative decoding within a small population of neurons, which together might provide a much higher capacity to segregate spatiotemporal patterns of tactile afferent input. The temporal spike response patterns could be widely different between two adjacent neurons ( Fig. | [2.0, 4.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.25 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/finger-prosthesis-provides-clues-to-brain-health/ |
10.1016/j.softx.2018.07.004 | Computer_Science_483 | "This feature allows system users to complete more complex tasks like looping and conditional branching." | Finally, it allows developers implementing Items and Actions to specify, by contract, what is required before proceeding to the next task, processing the workflow, or declaring a successful execution. | "In ICE you can have humans in the loop, meaning the program can stop, ask questions and receive instructions before resuming activity," Billings said. "This feature allows system users to complete more complex tasks like looping and conditional branching." Combining the best features of grid workflows with modeling and simulation workflows would allow scientists to address even greater challenges and solve scientific mysteries more efficiently. | Second, by formalizing state and error checks, ICE explicitly delineates which workflows can be executed from those that must receive additional configuration. Finally, it allows developers implementing Items and Actions to specify, by contract, what is required before proceeding to the next task, processing the workflow, or declaring a successful execution. Most file I/O in ICE, with only a few exceptions, interacts with the RCP's resources plugin. | [5.0, 1.0, 4.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37123443168&p=1pl&v=1&x=xrMy8Ueh0AvFN8FFHuGkzQ |
10.1177/1461444816660784 | Computer_Science_484 | Facebook is not going to change what it does with the data gleaned from your posts in the "privacy" of its own servers--a capacity central to its ad-driven business model. | Zuckerberg suggests that Facebook helps put users in contact with the communities around them, both physical and online: | The thing we'd all just allowed into our lives started feeling menacing, and the companies that made it started damage control. Facebook is not going to change what it does with the data gleaned from your posts in the "privacy" of its own servers--a capacity central to its ad-driven business model. But even so, Zuck's new tagline offers a surprising insight by contrast: The future might or might not be private. | Despite attempts to move from a US-centric college-based user to a global conception of the user, then, Zuckerberg's descriptions of site profiles still reflect a normative idea typical of certain kinds of individuals in affluent liberal societies-an idea further reinforced by Zuckerberg's depiction of himself as the prototypical Facebook user (ZF2009g). Zuckerberg suggests that Facebook helps put users in contact with the communities around them, both physical and online: (ZF2009d) It's been amazing to see how all of you have used our tools to build a real community. | [3.0, 1.0, 1.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39166701042&p=1pl&v=1&x=DtZm_SIS3iPK8aLt3wmDOQ |
10.1073/pnas.1322355111 | Computer_Science_486 | Recognising that human emotional life is far more complex than a small set of emotions is an important first step in improving technology at the human-machine interface. | For when one suffers anything, one becomes as if one has the kind of expression: when one is angry, the sign of the same class is angry. | The algorithm was highly successful at identifying the basic emotion expressions (96.86% correct) and slightly less successful at identifying the compound emotion expressions (76.91% correct). Recognising that human emotional life is far more complex than a small set of emotions is an important first step in improving technology at the human-machine interface. Demonstrating that computers can be trained to identify more complex emotion expressions speaks to the potential ability of computers to, at some point in the future, recognise what we are communicating with our faces - but a number of critical questions remain. | We show that these differences are sufficient to distinguish between the 21 defined categories. For when one suffers anything, one becomes as if one has the kind of expression: when one is angry, the sign of the same class is angry. (1) A s nicely illustrated in the quote above, for centuries it has been known that many emotional states are broadcasted to the world through facial expressions of emotion. | [3.0, 2.0, 4.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://www.technology.org/2014/04/03/happily-disgusted-show-face/ |
10.1126/science.aam6808 | Computer_Science_487 | By the end of the same period, the hippocampal engram cells became silent and were no longer needed for natural recall. | S7 ), in line with previous findings of a positive correlation between the dendritic spine density of memory engram cells and memory expression triggered by natural recall cues (24) (25) (26) . | Over the next two weeks, the silent memory cells in the prefrontal cortex gradually matured, as reflected by changes in their anatomy and physiological activity, until the cells became necessary for the animals to naturally recall the event. By the end of the same period, the hippocampal engram cells became silent and were no longer needed for natural recall. However, traces of the memory remained: Reactivating those cells with light still prompted the animals to freeze. | We also found that the spine density of the PFC engram cells on day 12 was significantly higher than on day 2 (Fig. S7 ), in line with previous findings of a positive correlation between the dendritic spine density of memory engram cells and memory expression triggered by natural recall cues (24) (25) (26) . Cell body inhibition of the PFC engram cells by green light during retrieval did not affect recent memory (day 2); however, at the remote time point (day 12), memory retrieval was disrupted compared with the green light-off condition (Fig. | [4.0, 2.0, 2.0, 4.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://news.mit.edu/2017/neuroscientists-identify-brain-circuit-necessary-memory-formation-0406 |
10.1038/s41598-018-25433-5 | Computer_Science_488 | After being exposed to the same layouts and patterns, the time it took to find the letters became faster, even if the target was located behind the viewer's field of vision. | RT for the explicit layout was shorter than for novel ones, even at the first epoch (t(54) = 3.38, p < 0.001). | Your mom was right; she really could tell what was going on behind her back. After being exposed to the same layouts and patterns, the time it took to find the letters became faster, even if the target was located behind the viewer's field of vision. "Which shows that visual processing is not limited to the visual field, but extends to a wider field around the viewer," the researchers said in a statement. | The learning effect of the explicit layout was found at earlier epochs. RT for the explicit layout was shorter than for novel ones, even at the first epoch (t(54) = 3.38, p < 0.001). The explicit layout was also tested in the recognition experiment, and the recognition rate was 74.5% (±5.93% SE), confirming explicit knowledge of the layout (the percentage was statistically larger than 50% (t(54) = 4.13, p < 0.001). | [3.0, 4.0, 1.0, 4.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34059180528&p=1pl&v=1&x=ODA1XqyfKXJ2JZpAGDDW0w |
10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3 | Computer_Science_49 | Virtual Reality helped patients recall old memories by providing new stimuli difficult to achieve, due to ill health, or inaccessible within a secure environment. | If memory recall could be enhanced through immersively experiencing the environment in which the information was learned, it would suggest that virtual environments could serve as a valuable tool for various facets of retrospective cognizance, including retention and recall. | Virtual Reality helped patients recall old memories by providing new stimuli difficult to achieve, due to ill health, or inaccessible within a secure environment. They found that people remember information better if it is presented to them in a virtual environment. "This data is exciting in that it suggests that immersive environments could offer new pathways for improved outcomes in education and high-proficiency training," said Amitabh Varshney, Professor of Computer Science, in a survey published in the journal Virtual Reality. | Given the results of our user study, we believe that virtual memory palaces offer us a fascinating insight into how we may be able to organize and structure large information spaces and navigate them in ways that assist in superior recall. If memory recall could be enhanced through immersively experiencing the environment in which the information was learned, it would suggest that virtual environments could serve as a valuable tool for various facets of retrospective cognizance, including retention and recall. Our study provides a tantalizing glimpse into what may lie ahead in virtual-environment-based tools to enhance human memory. | [4.0, 3.0, 5.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.6 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34313063783&p=1pl&v=1&x=TCex6cBLjKUBpfnsnX7wYA |
10.1038/s41928-018-0175-0 | Computer_Science_490 | "We were able to implement digital control over intensity and frequency of the light being emitted, and the devices are very miniaturized, so they can be implanted under the scalp. | The program states can include all desired experimental protocols for the implant. | advertisement
Taking More Control and Less Space
"With this research, we went two to three steps further," Gutruf said. "We were able to implement digital control over intensity and frequency of the light being emitted, and the devices are very miniaturized, so they can be implanted under the scalp. We can also independently stimulate multiple places in the brain of the same subject, which also wasn't possible before." | A method for one-way communication introduced here circumvents these problems. The program states can include all desired experimental protocols for the implant. The hardware requirement for this protocol is minimal, as the only facilities needed in the microcontroller are a non-volatile memory and a set of timers. | [4.0, 2.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.6 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38139242613&p=1pl&v=1&x=6BlLkWEv4-7ZMqXJARy33A |
10.1038/s41560-018-0290-1 | Computer_Science_491 | "This depends on hosts of factors, from the markets for energy and the characteristics of the batteries themselves. | The congestion-relief application is similar to that of the energy time shift. | To make a real impact, you need think beyond the lab," said Meng. "This depends on hosts of factors, from the markets for energy and the characteristics of the batteries themselves. Our work is a step in better understanding the link between these two aspects." | The time-shift application in the DAM works by charging the ESS when the forecasted price of energy is low, and then discharging the ESS when the forecasted price of energy is high . The congestion-relief application is similar to that of the energy time shift. The flexible ramping application accounts for the power fluctuations required to adjust to energy delivery over periods of the order of five minutes . | [2.0, 1.0, 1.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37880974785&p=1pl&v=1&x=NDhFST92X_0vwxxfOA1GWw |
10.1126/science.aar6404 | Computer_Science_492 | Instead, AlphaZero is willing to sacrifice material early in a game for gains that will only be recouped in the long-term. | In chess, AlphaZero defeated Stockfish, winning 155 games and losing 6 games out of 1000 (Fig. | Counterintuitively, AlphaZero also seems to place less value on "material", an idea that underpins the modern game where each piece has a value and if one player has a greater value of pieces on the board than the other, then they have a material advantage. Instead, AlphaZero is willing to sacrifice material early in a game for gains that will only be recouped in the long-term. "Impressively, it manages to impose its style of play across a very wide range of positions and openings," says Matthew, who also observes that it plays in a very deliberate style from its first move with a "very human sense of consistent purpose". | This demonstrates that a general approach can recover the performance of an algorithm that exploited board symmetries to generate eight times as much data (see fig. In chess, AlphaZero defeated Stockfish, winning 155 games and losing 6 games out of 1000 (Fig. AlphaZero defeated Stockfish in each opening, suggesting that AlphaZero has mastered a wide spectrum of chess play. | [2.0, 5.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37913164065&p=1pl&v=1&x=PhEp7KWgMtWvulPBR6JDXg |
10.1098/rsos.171920 | Computer_Science_493 | In addition to being a source of spiritual guidance for many people around the globe, the Dartmouth-led team saw in the Bible "a large, previously untapped dataset of aligned parallel text." | Sentence level alignment of parallel text is needed for many NLP tasks. | In addition to being a source of spiritual guidance for many people around the globe, the Dartmouth-led team saw in the Bible "a large, previously untapped dataset of aligned parallel text." According to the research published in the journal Royal Society Open Science, this is not the first parallel dataset created for style translation. But it is the first that uses the Bible. | This data is highly parallel and high-quality, having been produced by human translators. Sentence level alignment of parallel text is needed for many NLP tasks. The Bible corpus is humanaligned by virtue of the consistent use of book, chapter, and verse number across translations. | [2.0, 2.0, 5.0, 3.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37484251020&p=1pl&v=1&x=8jqisaMCVgVOCZUIyLNGbw |
10.1093/cybsec/tyy006 | Computer_Science_494 | They say these incidents underline why a taxonomy of impacts and harms is so important for businesses. | To comment briefly on key findings in the 2017 report, the survey highlights that all UK businesses are potentially exposed to cyber-threats. | The full list of cyber harms can be viewed online. They say these incidents underline why a taxonomy of impacts and harms is so important for businesses. By providing a detailed breakdown of the many different ways a cyber-attack can impact a business and third-parties, it gives board members and other senior staff a better understanding of both direct and indirect harms from cyber-attacks when considering the threats their organisation faces. | The report presents statistics about how organizations operate in cyberspace and identifies common types of threat. To comment briefly on key findings in the 2017 report, the survey highlights that all UK businesses are potentially exposed to cyber-threats. They have identified that a sizeable proportion of businesses still lack security controls despite the fact that the vast majority of them have increased their cybersecurity budget. | [1.0, 3.0, 4.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37497783613&p=1pl&v=1&x=PF_VSzzTysCHwROhxENy7A |
10.1073/pnas.1806108116 | Computer_Science_495 | "Compared to a state-of-the-art method, the costs of network fragmentation are 2.5 times lower in our approach, when dismantling a criminal network to 10 percent of its original size," says Xiao-Long Ren, doctoral student and first author of the study. | 3 , we observe that for the partial dismantling to 50 % of the original GCC size the proposed methodology (NewCut) achieves the same fragmentation level with much smaller cost e.g. | If you remove the middle positions first, you can break up the network more effectively at considerably reduced costs, the researchers state. "Compared to a state-of-the-art method, the costs of network fragmentation are 2.5 times lower in our approach, when dismantling a criminal network to 10 percent of its original size," says Xiao-Long Ren, doctoral student and first author of the study. The criminal network case illustrates another special feature of the ETH approach: unlike other methods, it does not treat all nodes equally. | In Fig. 3 , we observe that for the partial dismantling to 50 % of the original GCC size the proposed methodology (NewCut) achieves the same fragmentation level with much smaller cost e.g. 0.45 (NewCut) vs 0.7 (BPD) for Online Social Petster network, 0.55 (NewCut) vs 0.65 (EGP) for information network of Blogs and 0.61 (NewCut) vs 0.71 for Twitter network (BPD). | [2.0, 4.0, 1.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38916617089&p=1pl&v=1&x=QfM0OSghyqvpOzW54-zr_w |
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.11.034 | Computer_Science_496 | According to Jordi Garcia-Ojalvo, group leader of the Dynamical Systems Biology Lab at UPF and collaborator in the study, "this work shows that the temporal characteristics of the random activity of the brain can have profound effects on its behaviour". | As previously described , the model can display "healthy" or "epileptiform" rhythms depending upon its parametrisation and the nature of its input, I ex (see Eq. | "This research provides further insight into ways that communication within brain networks can possibly lead to the occurrence of seizures" comments Marc Goodfellow, senior lecturer in Mathematics at the University of Exeter and leader of the study. According to Jordi Garcia-Ojalvo, group leader of the Dynamical Systems Biology Lab at UPF and collaborator in the study, "this work shows that the temporal characteristics of the random activity of the brain can have profound effects on its behaviour". "Our findings help to elucidate mechanisms of the generation and spreading of epileptic seizures in the brain. | The factor 2 in front of the integral follows from taking into account power transmitted in both the positive and negative frequency bands. As previously described , the model can display "healthy" or "epileptiform" rhythms depending upon its parametrisation and the nature of its input, I ex (see Eq. (9)). | [3.0, 3.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/why-exposure-to-rhythmic-stimulation-at-certain-frequencies-facilitate-epileptic-seizures/ |
10.1038/s41598-019-41228-8 | Computer_Science_497 | In this way, we have greatly simplified the synthesis cycle, enabling high-throughput hardware to achieve highly parallel and fast "write" speeds. | The complex combination of these errors -especially deletions and read truncations -causes many strands to be discarded before a decoding attempt is made. | It's recommended that data on hard drives is fully replaced every decade, so if you have had a set of results sitting safely on a pen drive, it doesn't necessarily mean you will be able to take a look at them (if that's what you like to do) ten or fifteen years down the line. In this way, we have greatly simplified the synthesis cycle, enabling high-throughput hardware to achieve highly parallel and fast "write" speeds. BE: We believe that enzymatic DNA synthesis is the optimal way to create a cost-effective, sustainable and scalable integrated system that stores and reads information in DNA. | Figure 2b shows the read error when aligned to the extended adapter and payload sequence. The complex combination of these errors -especially deletions and read truncations -causes many strands to be discarded before a decoding attempt is made. Indeed, of 25,592 reads in this new dataset, 286 aligned well in the −100 to −1 region (score > 400) and contained enough bases to attempt decoding. | [1.0, 1.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.666667 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=40364302341&p=1pl&v=1&x=YkjKMnoTZniytD6QvwCSFA |
10.1098/rspb.2013.1428 | Computer_Science_498 | A dormant skill
"After several weeks of training, the participants in the experiment were able to locate the sources of echoes pretty well. | In the Echolocation experiment, however, the presence of both the lead and the lag strongly affected discrimination. | So the subject can learn to associate the artificial "echoes" with the distribution of sound-reflecting surfaces in the simulated space. A dormant skill
"After several weeks of training, the participants in the experiment were able to locate the sources of echoes pretty well. This shows that anyone can learn to analyze the echoes of acoustic signals to obtain information about the space around him. | Second, in the Listening experiment, the presence of the leading source affected discrimination of lagging sources much more than vice versa. In the Echolocation experiment, however, the presence of both the lead and the lag strongly affected discrimination. These data show that the classically described asymmetry in the perception of leading and lagging sounds is strongly diminished in an echolocation task. | [3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/08/130829093039.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1126/science.aab3050 | Computer_Science_499 | The work, which appears in the journal Science, marks a significant advance in the field--one that dramatically shortens the time it takes computers to "learn" new concepts and broadens their application to more creative tasks. | First, for most interesting kinds of natural and manmade categories, people can learn a new concept from just one or a handful of examples, whereas standard algorithms in machine learning require tens or hundreds of examples to perform similarly. | The work, which appears in the journal Science, marks a significant advance in the field--one that dramatically shortens the time it takes computers to "learn" new concepts and broadens their application to more creative tasks. "Our results show that by reverse engineering how people think about a problem, we can develop better algorithms," explains Brenden Lake, a Moore-Sloan Data Science Fellow at New York University and the paper's lead author. "Moreover, this work points to promising methods to narrow the gap for other machine learning tasks." | For any theory of First, for most interesting kinds of natural and manmade categories, people can learn a new concept from just one or a handful of examples, whereas standard algorithms in machine learning require tens or hundreds of examples to perform similarly. For instance, people may only need to see one example of a novel two-wheeled vehicle (Fig. | [3.0, 4.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.4 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/bvHMgS1rFRY/ |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_5 | Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. | This indicates that when the flights encounter departure delays, the implementation of one checked bag fees reduces SpAdj-Departure-Delay by 1.8701 minutes (when a delay occurs) versus no implementation of these fees. | So, a drop in total baggage volume benefits not only the airlines that charge baggage fees but also those that do not. Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. Southwest's "bags fly free" policy is likely not free based on lost opportunity cost, mostly because it could be offering more flights per day with increased boarding times due to charging for checked bags. | The coefficient for the Bag-Fee indicator variable which indicates one checked bag fee as being implemented, is negative and statistically significant (-1.8701; p<0.0001). This indicates that when the flights encounter departure delays, the implementation of one checked bag fees reduces SpAdj-Departure-Delay by 1.8701 minutes (when a delay occurs) versus no implementation of these fees. In other words, the airlines that implemented the fee for one checked bag saw their departure performance improve, whereas Southwest Airlines experienced a negative impact on its departure performance. | [3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.8 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.12.086 | Computer_Science_501 | "This provides evidence that appropriate instruction can bring out the fundamental understanding of how things work at a deep level," said Robert Mason, lead author of the study. | In the case of the instructional materials used here, the neural knowledge representations evolved through distinct states, including an initial state before instruction and three additional states following three types of instruction. | They found that learning how something works is a several-stage process that occurs in different parts of the brain. "This provides evidence that appropriate instruction can bring out the fundamental understanding of how things work at a deep level," said Robert Mason, lead author of the study. "In the future, teaching to this deep level as measured in terms of brain representations may be applicable to other disciplines and scientific concepts." | Furthermore, the similarity relations among the neural representations of different systems are driven in part by the similarities among the system descriptions. In the case of the instructional materials used here, the neural knowledge representations evolved through distinct states, including an initial state before instruction and three additional states following three types of instruction. The brain locations that responded consistently to the items during test (thinking) trials (as well as the activation locations during explanation trials) provided evidence for the following states of the representation of knowledge: 0. | [2.0, 3.0, 1.0, 4.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.2 | news | http://www.techtimes.com/articles/40379/20150317/scientists-discover-how-the-brain-functions-when-learning-how-things-work.htm |
10.1098/rsos.150223 | Computer_Science_502 | The research argues that the key factor is that these incentives are not necessarily applied to everyone who may seem to deserve them. | However, defectors too could, in principle, punish other defectors, even if this may be regarded as somewhat unfair. | A U Warwick release notes that despite the name, the targeted punishment mechanism can apply to positive or negative incentives. The research argues that the key factor is that these incentives are not necessarily applied to everyone who may seem to deserve them. Rather, rules should be devised according to which only a small number of players are considered responsible at any one time. | In most of the parameter range, cooperation is achieved sooner with ν = 10 than with ν = 1. However, defectors too could, in principle, punish other defectors, even if this may be regarded as somewhat unfair. The dynamics is qualitatively similar to the situation in which only cooperators can punish, the main difference being that global cooperation can, unsurprisingly, ensue from lower levels of punishment per player. | [3.0, 2.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://www.homelandsecuritynewswire.com/dr20150827-subjecting-countries-to-targeted-punishments-could-tackle-climate-change |
10.1126/scirobotics.aat7544 | Computer_Science_503 | However, they are not so social that the children feel nervous or anxious about interacting with them," he added. | These games provide opportunities for the child not only to understand that the caregiver or the robot has a different perspective but also to practice turn-taking and verbal communication. | "The best hypothesis that we have is that the robots are social, but not too social," Scassellati said. However, they are not so social that the children feel nervous or anxious about interacting with them," he added. "The authors are careful to note several of the current limitations, including the relatively restricted context in which the robot is being used. | To succeed in this game, the child needs to understand the social situations and emotional states of the characters. These games provide opportunities for the child not only to understand that the caregiver or the robot has a different perspective but also to practice turn-taking and verbal communication. Substantial effort was placed into making the system robust and easy to use. | [4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.75 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34885880400&p=1pl&v=1&x=ji4jPuyklgzRTeeOezfJuw |
10.1140/epjds/s13688-017-0128-2 | Computer_Science_504 | In Brisbane, the system was found to be 16% more accurate at predicting assaults than current models, 6% more accurate for predicting unlawful entry, 4% better for drug offences and theft and 2% better for fraud prediction. | • Age: while cyber features outperform physical and social features, the difference in predictive power based on accuracy is not large. | In tests on both cities, the system predicted specific types of crime in specific parts of the city better than existing crime prediction models based on crime trends. In Brisbane, the system was found to be 16% more accurate at predicting assaults than current models, 6% more accurate for predicting unlawful entry, 4% better for drug offences and theft and 2% better for fraud prediction. In New York City, it improved prediction accuracy by 4% for theft and drug offences, fraud and unlawful entry, while improving predictions of assault by 2%. | (6) the predictive capacity of individual CPS features differs by demographic group: • Age: while cyber features outperform physical and social features, the difference in predictive power based on accuracy is not large. Table 10 shows the top 5 best performing features. | [4.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37484744471&p=1pl&v=1&x=QzSjiCm9RgR4lLGhiGgFCA |
10.1038/s41562-018-0364-x | Computer_Science_505 | Now we can put a figure on the number of places you're likely to go to, and it's way fewer than you'd think. | If this is true for the majority of individuals, the location capacity is conserved at the individual level and hypothesis (1) | Now we can put a figure on the number of places you're likely to go to, and it's way fewer than you'd think. It turns out the mathematics governing the number of places we visit on a frequent basis surprisingly doesn't change all that much - and you spend the majority of your life spread out around 25 places. The numbers showed that over a 24 month period, the students mostly kept to just a handful of locations, defined as an activity space. | , the net gain is consistent with G i = 0. If this is true for the majority of individuals, the location capacity is conserved at the individual level and hypothesis (1) Gi , ≥ 1, the individual capacity must either increase or decrease in time, supporting hypothesis (2). | [2.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34421118868&p=1pl&v=1&x=MhKbyXOEEBXjWjeLocqonQ |
10.1126/science.aam6383 | Computer_Science_506 | These new reports reinforce the evidence for a rudimentary theory of mind in monkeys. | When mapping the MNS in this way ( fig. | If the new finding leads to the eventual pinpointing of similar neurocircuitry in humans, it may provide insight into so-called "theory of mind." These new reports reinforce the evidence for a rudimentary theory of mind in monkeys. "By showing that areas of the social-interaction network are closely homologous to the theory of mind network in humans, we suggest that our human theory of mind skill might have evolved from the ability of our monkey kin to read social interactions." | The classical MNS can be mapped in monkeys with fMRI by using videos of humans grasping objects (16) . When mapping the MNS in this way ( fig. S3B and movie S3) , it colocalized with pAIP and F5 interaction areas (Fig. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/monkeys-have-a-specialized-brain-network-for-sizing-up-others-rsquo-actions/ |
10.1098/rsos.150152 | Computer_Science_507 | And during subsequent rounds of the game, students got faster and more accurate at guessing which word was being created. | The exception was that the distance between the intensity of the vocalization and the target word was a reliable predictor of accuracy, such that smaller distances lead to greater accuracy (z = −2.66, p < 0. | Surprisingly enough, the partners scored better than chance on the first round. And during subsequent rounds of the game, students got faster and more accurate at guessing which word was being created. For example, made-up words for "up" had a rising pitch, whereas made-up words for "down" had a falling pitch. | With one exception, the same pattern of results was also found for the absolute distance between vocalization and word with respect to each variable separately: iconic distance remained highly reliable (z's < −4.02, p's < 0.001), and shorter variable distances did not predict greater accuracy (z's > 0.59). The exception was that the distance between the intensity of the vocalization and the target word was a reliable predictor of accuracy, such that smaller distances lead to greater accuracy (z = −2.66, p < 0. Across all meanings, there was a moderate negative correlation between the iconic distance to that meaning and its probability of selection, regardless of its correctness (r = −0.30, p < 0.001), and a weaker negative correlation between selection probability and median distance (r = −0.18, p < 0.001). | [2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://news.sciencemag.org/brain-behavior/2015/08/spoken-language-could-tap-universal-code |
10.1038/s41467-019-09542-x | Computer_Science_508 | In addition to discovering hidden states and time steps, the scientists also discovered a tradeoff between the two; the more hidden states there are, the smaller the minimal number of hidden timesteps that are required. | In this sense, our results give the minimal "hidden computer" of any physical system that implements a given "visible computer", for visible computers that range from a single gate all the way up to the partial function given by running an entire (finite) digital computer until it halts. | The scientists may not have been paying attention to those hidden variables and those hidden timesteps, but they are there, playing a key, behind-the-scenes role in many of the papers those scientists have read, and almost surely also in many of the papers those scientists have written." In addition to discovering hidden states and time steps, the scientists also discovered a tradeoff between the two; the more hidden states there are, the smaller the minimal number of hidden timesteps that are required. According to co-author Artemy Kolchinsky (Santa Fe Institute), "these results surprisingly demonstrate that Markov processes exhibit a kind of tradeoff between time versus memory, which is often encountered in the separate mathematical field of analyzing computer algorithms. | Our results even apply to the (partial) function that specifies transitions from a digital computer's initial state to its final state that is given by repeating such passes through the entire computer until it halts . In this sense, our results give the minimal "hidden computer" of any physical system that implements a given "visible computer", for visible computers that range from a single gate all the way up to the partial function given by running an entire (finite) digital computer until it halts. The results in this paper, as well as those in the companion manuscript , derive novel constraints on informationprocessing in terms of state space and and timestep resources, as well as novel tradeoffs between such resources. | [3.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38999628732&p=1pl&v=1&x=x0KyNxY4F1_GcfHipaKgzQ |
10.1038/s41598-018-26200-2 | Computer_Science_512 | Dr. Shoji's study has shown that CNN's can be trained to find useful, complex information about tiny particles with vast geological value. | Thus, the CNN might not recognize the small-scale structure of the particles. | This may allow for an additional layer of complexity to the data in the future, providing scientists better tools to determine eruption type such as whether an eruption was phreatomagmatic (like second phase of Eyjafjallajokull eruption in 2010) or magmatic (like flank eruptions of Mt. Dr. Shoji's study has shown that CNN's can be trained to find useful, complex information about tiny particles with vast geological value. To increase the range of the CNN, more advanced magnification techniques, such as an Electron Microscopy, can add color and texture to the results. | Another caveat is that we used relatively low-resolution (50×50 pixel) images to reduce the computational time. Thus, the CNN might not recognize the small-scale structure of the particles. If high-resolution images are used, although the computational time will increase, the effect of detailed morphology may be evaluated more accurately. | [2.0, 2.0, 5.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34407864039&p=1pl&v=1&x=YGTy4wIRUslGblPsAMD3Dg |
10.1002/asi.23200 | Computer_Science_514 | They were curious rather than anxious, and that made a big difference. | The creatives described the importance of alertness and assiduity for making connections they might otherwise have missed. | Increase Your Opportunities Giphy It's simple statistics: if you want to be luckier, you need to broaden your chances. They were curious rather than anxious, and that made a big difference. This shift in perspective matters, sociologist Christina Carter told Nautilus. | It is necessary to "stop to look at the unusual car parked at the curb, taste the new item on the cafeteria menu, actually listen to your colleague at the office" (p. 347). The creatives described the importance of alertness and assiduity for making connections they might otherwise have missed. Both of these personal qualities were found to be important for preparing the mind by . | [3.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.75 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38145933080&p=1pl&v=1&x=mjMcx4f_pbJY13bb6cSH3A |
10.1073/pnas.1813476116 | Computer_Science_515 | These behaviors appear simple, but upon closer inspection, each movement contains its own variety and nuance. | We note that the success of the local linear basis in revealing interpretable worm behavior results in part from the ability to capture oscillations and the interactions between different posture modes, both common components of movement behavior. | Crawling - Not as Simple as it Looks
The model uncovered rich complexity underlying one of the simplest of movements: namely, crawling. These behaviors appear simple, but upon closer inspection, each movement contains its own variety and nuance. "There are more subtle behavioral states you might not see by eye." | This can be useful for developing a master repertoire of behaviors ( as well as looking for differences between nematode species or studying perturbations to behavior ( ( . We note that the success of the local linear basis in revealing interpretable worm behavior results in part from the ability to capture oscillations and the interactions between different posture modes, both common components of movement behavior. The eigenvalues of the posture dynamics reflect variability and hint at the presence of flexible control. | [3.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38438654480&p=1pl&v=1&x=ne350OgtscalNkgtqQUs8Q |
10.1073/pnas.1308540110 | Computer_Science_516 | Saramaki hopes in future research to study larger groups of people over longer periods of time, and to include other forms of communication such as social media. | This provides a unique setting for studying network-level structure and its response to major changes in social circumstances. | After people leave college, for example, their networks might shrink or "get more and more frozen" as time goes on, he suggests. Saramaki hopes in future research to study larger groups of people over longer periods of time, and to include other forms of communication such as social media. The findings "do suggest a certain 'budget constraint' in the number of ties one might maintain, which has been suggested by studies before, but is still not universally accepted," says David Lazer, a network scientist at Harvard University. | Irrespective of the specific mechanisms that act to constrain ego networks, it is reasonable to ask whether such mechanisms shape these networks in similar ways under different circumstances, giving rise to some characteristic features that persist over time despite network spondent burden from recording communication events with their entire ego network is very high and people's accuracy in recalling detailed communication events is known to be limited . This provides a unique setting for studying network-level structure and its response to major changes in social circumstances. More importantly, call record data contain complete timestamped records of all calls made by an ego to alters in their network, rather than just a subset of calls an ego makes to alters who happened to be on the same mobile network as them (as has usually been the case in previous work, e.g. | [3.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://news.sciencemag.org/social-sciences/2014/01/only-thing-constant-about-friendship-may-be-number-your-friends |
10.1145/3025453.3025635 | Computer_Science_517 | Finally, developers should be cognizant of issues of intersectionality. | We adopt many aspects of Bardzell and Bardzell's Feminist HCI methodology , such as indicating our goals as technologists in our interactions with participants. | These associations, which have significant design implications, may be overlooked if developers do not expand their design process to include perspectives from a range of diverse stakeholders. Finally, developers should be cognizant of issues of intersectionality. Try to be mindful of the complex and diverse needs of your target group. | In our work, we highlight ways in which tracking apps fail to support the marginalized populations of gender and sexual minorities. We adopt many aspects of Bardzell and Bardzell's Feminist HCI methodology , such as indicating our goals as technologists in our interactions with participants. However, our research team's expertise is in personal informatics technology, rather than feminist theory. | [1.0, 3.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39599691811&p=1pl&v=1&x=Nu0XBWOkVPbdNJMgESTmvg |
10.1287/mksc.2014.0868 | Computer_Science_518 | "Two things about diapers make it a good category," Hauser says. | 24 This result is consistent with our expectation that frequent buyers of branded diapers are forward looking. | Thus the results of index strategies resemble those of complex models, but arrive there in a much more direct way. "Two things about diapers make it a good category," Hauser says. "One is that we can identify people who are new, or haven't been in the category for a while. | The likelihood is significantly better (Vuong test significance is p = 0 0002 in-sample and 0 0429 out-of-sample). 24 This result is consistent with our expectation that frequent buyers of branded diapers are forward looking. Third, the index strategy performs as well as the approximately optimal solution in terms of both in-sample fit and out-of-sample predictions. | [2.0, 4.0, 3.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.5 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/03/150326152323.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+News%29 |
10.1016/j.compag.2016.07.028 | Computer_Science_52 | Hyperspectral and RGB imaging not only address this issue, Ge said, but should also further speed the process of simultaneously comparing multiple traits among plant varieties. | Second, hyperspectral images are capably of capturing the full spectral signature of plants, allowing more advanced analytical tools such as PLSR for modeling of leaf biochemical properties. | In killing the plant, these methods kept the researchers from observing how it would have grown and developed afterward. Hyperspectral and RGB imaging not only address this issue, Ge said, but should also further speed the process of simultaneously comparing multiple traits among plant varieties. "How to capture all of these dynamic traits is really a challenging task without these high-throughput systems," Ge said. | First, using different image bands in the hyperspectral cube, plants can be more accurately segmented from the background and leaves can be accurately distinguished from stems (which is quite challenging with a RGB or NIR image). Second, hyperspectral images are capably of capturing the full spectral signature of plants, allowing more advanced analytical tools such as PLSR for modeling of leaf biochemical properties. Based on these previous knowledges, hyperspectral imaging is suggested as a powerful tool in plant phenotyping to complement RGB analysis (to obtain plant chemical traits in addition to morphological traits). | [3.0, 1.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/JM-jhIn6rZA/ |
10.1089/cyber.2014.0129 | Computer_Science_520 | Because women tend to use Facebook more than men, they may take interactions more seriously, explaining why women in the study reported higher Facebook jealousy. | In addition, women were reported to have stronger overall distress reactions. | Women report more Facebook jealousy in general, especially when surveyed, but men report equally or more jealousy when allowed to freely respond to a scenario in their own words. Because women tend to use Facebook more than men, they may take interactions more seriously, explaining why women in the study reported higher Facebook jealousy. The different reactions to emoticon usage, though, might be due to the difference between how men and women perceive infidelity. | , That is, men were far more jealous of cybersex than emotional cheating, whereas women displayed the opposite trend. In addition, women were reported to have stronger overall distress reactions. , This is perhaps due to the logistical nature of romantic communication that takes place over the Internet. | [5.0, 3.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3.5 | news | http://www.newswise.com/articles/study-emoticons-make-men-more-jealous-than-women |
10.1073/pnas.1800683115 | Computer_Science_522 | The likelihood of a closed triangle rose as the number of collaborations between each of the pairs increased. | Second, the projected graph edge weight between nodes u and can increase, which we interpret as an increase in tie strength. | "The application might be which new teams are going to form at a company, or which new groups of friends are going to form, or which new substances will go into combination to form a drug. The likelihood of a closed triangle rose as the number of collaborations between each of the pairs increased. They identified an open triangle between two types of gene inhibitors, and a breast cancer resistance protein inhibitor. | This corresponds to an increase in density in this induced subgraph, e.g., the introduction of the drug Promacta adds an edge in Figure 5B . Second, the projected graph edge weight between nodes u and can increase, which we interpret as an increase in tie strength. For instance, in Figure 5C , the tie strength between Gucci Mane and Young Thug increases after they collaborate on "Fell. " | [1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38266125813&p=1pl&v=1&x=MtTJVObJ7-Hq_tHKmdEACg |
10.1073/pnas.1510619112 | Computer_Science_523 | Thus, the findings could "help neuroscientists shed more light on the neural bases of disorders such as schizophrenia and Alzheimer's, " which are marked by malfunctions in the brain's wiring, Bertolero said. | Moreover, there is a strong spatial correspondence between modules derived from spontaneous neural activity obtained with rs-fMRI and the task-evoked activity in the BrainMap database, and these modules can be linked to broad behavioral domains or to specific groups of related tasks , suggesting that these modules might be dedicated to discrete cognitive functions. | "Our findings show that connector hubs allow for distinct networks to each do their own thing, yet still interact with each other effectively," said study lead author Maxwell Bertolero, a Ph.D. student in neuroscience at UC Berkeley. Thus, the findings could "help neuroscientists shed more light on the neural bases of disorders such as schizophrenia and Alzheimer's, " which are marked by malfunctions in the brain's wiring, Bertolero said. The more complex the task, in that more networks are required for the job, the greater the activity in the connector hubs, keeping the burden off individual networks, the study found. | As mentioned in the Introduction, the genetic basis of each module is significantly specialized, a necessary condition for each module to have a discrete function that was shaped modularly by natural selection (3). Moreover, there is a strong spatial correspondence between modules derived from spontaneous neural activity obtained with rs-fMRI and the task-evoked activity in the BrainMap database, and these modules can be linked to broad behavioral domains or to specific groups of related tasks , suggesting that these modules might be dedicated to discrete cognitive functions. However, these analyses did not empirically derive discrete cognitive functions from the data in BrainMap that could be linked to specific regions in the brain. | [2.0, 4.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/q0NgAnE_sns/ |
10.1007/s13735-018-0154-2 | Computer_Science_524 | (Schafer et al, 2013)
One's taste in music has long been seen as a window into one's sense of self, and place in society--Robert Prey
Nostalgic by ARIZONA struck a chord with me for a number of reasons -- it triggered vivid memories of past relationships, imagery from my childhood and noticeably shifted my mood from sombre to grateful. | While novelty should be defined on an individual user level, considering the actual freshness of the recommended items, it is common to use the self-information of the recommended items relative to their global popularity: | Music has the ability to trigger emotional connections unlike anything else. (Schafer et al, 2013)
One's taste in music has long been seen as a window into one's sense of self, and place in society--Robert Prey
Nostalgic by ARIZONA struck a chord with me for a number of reasons -- it triggered vivid memories of past relationships, imagery from my childhood and noticeably shifted my mood from sombre to grateful. Your head is just going to get jammed -- it's all going to become a blur, I would think. | A recommendation list may be accurate, but if it contains a lot of items that are not novel to a user, it is not necessarily a useful list . While novelty should be defined on an individual user level, considering the actual freshness of the recommended items, it is common to use the self-information of the recommended items relative to their global popularity: In order to obtain more accurate information about novelty or freshness, explicit user feedback is needed, in particular since the user might have listened to an item through other channels before. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39868491634&p=1pl&v=1&x=-8XxepVU9EEHfPy0qsIGXg |
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.09.009 | Computer_Science_525 | "The same issues could also apply when we think about interactions between family, friends, colleagues or strangers on a one-to-one basis. | For altruistic giving compared to rest, AI and ACC activity could underlie empathy . | In doing so, charities might also inadvertently replace the warm glow feeling with a sense of having had a bad deal." "The same issues could also apply when we think about interactions between family, friends, colleagues or strangers on a one-to-one basis. A hug and kind words however might spark a warm glow and make you feel appreciated. | Finally, these activations could represent different processes in each context. For altruistic giving compared to rest, AI and ACC activity could underlie empathy . More relevant for risky strategic giving , ACC activation could reflect greater ambiguity or risk or an increase in effort and prediction . | [1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37226454935&p=1pl&v=1&x=wyJxIIY6c0nJLyv8Wpj7SQ |
10.1038/s41586-018-0470-y | Computer_Science_526 | Professor Myungshik Kim, Chair in Theoretical Quantum Information Sciences at the U.K.'s Imperial College London, described the study as a "significant step forward" in the development of quantum computers. | The Wigner function not only provides a strikingly visual representation of the logical qubit state, but also completely specifies the underlying cavity state, a capability analogous to full state tomography of the constituent physical qubits that compose a logical qubit. | Principal investigator Robert Schoelkopf said: "It is a milestone toward quantum information processing using error-correctable qubits." Professor Myungshik Kim, Chair in Theoretical Quantum Information Sciences at the U.K.'s Imperial College London, described the study as a "significant step forward" in the development of quantum computers. "An important breakthrough is that they minimized the use of operations and resources so to reduce imperfections and operating times. | Demonstration of the teleported gate using such a logical encoding offers a practical route for incorporating quantum error-correction protocols in the future. The Wigner function not only provides a strikingly visual representation of the logical qubit state, but also completely specifies the underlying cavity state, a capability analogous to full state tomography of the constituent physical qubits that compose a logical qubit. Any maximally entangled state is acceptable, and the specific choice requires only small modifications to later steps of the teleported-gate protocol. | [4.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37022274827&p=1pl&v=1&x=CjMfcd26iukadij995nHPA |
10.1038/s41551-018-0195-0 | Computer_Science_527 | "We hope researchers in other places will take what we have and build on it." | that the AUC of the model might change if there were different or finer groupings of patients on the basis of length of previous smoking history. | "I am very excited about what this means for discovery," Peng said. "We hope researchers in other places will take what we have and build on it." "Rather than replacing doctors, it's trying to extend what we can actually do." | In particular, because former smokers were grouped with never-smokers, it is possible that the AUC of the model might change if there were different or finer groupings of patients on the basis of length of previous smoking history. Additional validation of our models on other datasets would be beneficial for all these predictions. | [2.0, 1.0, 4.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.8 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/look-at-this-google-ai-can-predict-heart-disease-by-checking-eyes/ |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_53 | Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. | Our findings highlight factors, such as the effect of carry-on bags, that need to be incorporated in designing incentive schemes. | The reductions are significant because departure times and mitigating delays are crucial to so many other facets of the business, such as the number of flights airlines can offer and their image among potential customers. Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. This shift resulted in a lower demand for airport labor-intensive, back-end operations such as baggage handling and security checks, which are shared resources across airlines. | While the reduction in the number of checked bags may indeed have resulted in savings due to lower labor costs for handling checked bags, our findings suggest that the resulting increase in the quantity of bags carried-on may have had a detrimental effect on the airline's costs through a decrease in their on-time departure performance. Our findings highlight factors, such as the effect of carry-on bags, that need to be incorporated in designing incentive schemes. Our research also sheds some light on the decisions made by a very operationally focused airline. | [3.0, 3.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.25 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1073/pnas.1407887111 | Computer_Science_531 | But an alliance does not necessarily have to commit itself to a social approach. | We call such ZD strategies fair. | What is crucial to the shared objective is how many players join forces. But an alliance does not necessarily have to commit itself to a social approach. On the contrary, it can form an extortioner group. | 5, such a player enforces the payoff relation π i = π −i , such that i's payoff matches the average payoff of the other group members. We call such ZD strategies fair. As shown in Fig. | [1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.4 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/10/141030114959.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1007/s10994-006-6226-1 | Computer_Science_532 | However, if we ask a random sample of 1,000 individuals their opinion on the same topic, we'll tend to have a much more stable final "group opinion". | The geometrical analysis has shown that Extra-Trees asymptotically produce continuous, piecewise multi-linear functions. | Conversely, highly complex models will tend to have low bias but higher variance -- they will be extremely sensitive to different noisy perturbations of the data, and adjust parameters to "refit" (ie. However, if we ask a random sample of 1,000 individuals their opinion on the same topic, we'll tend to have a much more stable final "group opinion". In our previous example, we had 1147 data points (n = 1147). | Furthermore, we have highlighted the different nature of the bias/variance tradeoff in classification and regression problems, explaining why classification problems can take advantage of stronger randomization. The geometrical analysis has shown that Extra-Trees asymptotically produce continuous, piecewise multi-linear functions. The resulting models are thus smoother than the piecewise constant ones obtained with other ensemble methods which optimize the cut-points. | [1.0, 3.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39860217841&p=1pl&v=1&x=H6uaka3HYAmreUgjHSwRuQ |
10.1073/pnas.1802407115 | Computer_Science_533 | But you need to be open to solving tough problems no matter when they happen. | For example, when looked at through the lens of interaction frequency, the pattern of interaction studied in ref. | Being curious at work shows that you are invested and that you are dedicated to solving every tough problem. But you need to be open to solving tough problems no matter when they happen. And expressing that gratitude makes more of a difference than you might realize. | Importantly, although past laboratory * Beyond guiding future work, our finding may also permit a reinterpretation of some prior results. For example, when looked at through the lens of interaction frequency, the pattern of interaction studied in ref. may be closer to IT than CT, presenting a possible explanation for the benefits of interaction described in that paper. | [3.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.6 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37757166179&p=1pl&v=1&x=wHSjdFNKmwb7Cyo5h16fWw |
10.1073/pnas.1613982114 | Computer_Science_534 | "Our results suggest, however, that adults with a fully operational cortex still have a subcortex with the ability to distinguish number, yet it operates on a similar level to what is found in babies, other primates, and lower level species who can make coarse computations of large ratios such as, for example, which shoal of fish is bigger and should be joined. | Mauchly's test indicated that sphericity was violated [X 2 (9) = 23.6; P < 0.01], and therefore, the degrees of freedom were corrected in the linear model using Huynh-Feldt correction (« = 0.80). | "The subcortex is not good at making fine grain number discriminations, and these findings support that," Collins says. "Our results suggest, however, that adults with a fully operational cortex still have a subcortex with the ability to distinguish number, yet it operates on a similar level to what is found in babies, other primates, and lower level species who can make coarse computations of large ratios such as, for example, which shoal of fish is bigger and should be joined. "This provides evidence of a potential evolutionary bridge between the human adult subcortex and the brain of lower order species." | Regarding task difficulty, the overall median accuracy and RT were 96.7% and 543.9 ms. Mauchly's test indicated that sphericity was violated [X 2 (9) = 23.6; P < 0.01], and therefore, the degrees of freedom were corrected in the linear model using Huynh-Feldt correction (« = 0.80). A repeatedmeasures ANOVA with ratio and ocularity (monocular/dichoptic) as within-subjects factors and IE as the dependent measure revealed a significant two-way interaction [F (3.2,80) = 2.73; P = 0.04]. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.futurity.org/your-subcortex-might-gauge-numbers-like-a-guppys/ |
10.1038/s41598-019-40765-6 | Computer_Science_536 | The qubits then work in the opposite way, from complex to simple, and therefore order was restored. | where the left hand side does not depend on x 1 and therefore one has to assume a 1 and a 2 to be constant. | In the first experiment, the qubits became an increasingly complex changing pattern of zeros and ones, which created chaos. The qubits then work in the opposite way, from complex to simple, and therefore order was restored. Scientists were delighted to discover an initial success rate for "time reversal" of 85 per cent. | 3 the following conditions should hold where the left hand side does not depend on x 1 and therefore one has to assume a 1 and a 2 to be constant. This, however, contradicts the non-separability assumption for ϕ x x ( , ) 1 2 . | [2.0, 4.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38753360902&p=1pl&v=1&x=PhuVglHiHGKXyuNNrsxUoA |
10.1016/j.neunet.2019.01.006 | Computer_Science_539 | In other words, while the ANN is 'awake', it's learning and storing patterns. | The replica symmetric assumption means that, in the thermodynamic limit N → ∞, the order parameters self-average over their averages (denoted hereafter by a bar), i.e. | And it works very similarly to how it is thought to occur in humans. In other words, while the ANN is 'awake', it's learning and storing patterns. So this is what the ANN's 'sleep' state does too, cycling through and unlearning unnecessary information, and then consolidating what's left, the important stuff. | 10 The latter, at least within a biological context, is fixed around O(10 2 ) Hertz, namely the typical spiking time (considering also the absolute refractory period of a biological neuron). The replica symmetric assumption means that, in the thermodynamic limit N → ∞, the order parameters self-average over their averages (denoted hereafter by a bar), i.e. lim N →∞ P (q) = δ(q −q) and lim N →∞ P (m) = δ(m −m), in such a way that the related fluctuations can be discarded. | [1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38541296193&p=1pl&v=1&x=vNIr115SVoOIp8Uv_8tTzw |
10.1126/scirobotics.aap9770 | Computer_Science_540 | advertisement
"A steady, reliable sensory experience could significantly improve a prosthetic user's quality of life," Bretl said. | 5, A and B) varied in response to the electrode being peeled back and reapplied. | For example, a light touch would generate a light sensation, but a hard push would have a stronger signal. advertisement
"A steady, reliable sensory experience could significantly improve a prosthetic user's quality of life," Bretl said. They performed a test where the electrodes were progressively peeled back and found that the control module reduced the electrical current so that the users reported steady feedback without shocks. | R p values (Fig. 5, A and B) varied in response to the electrode being peeled back and reapplied. 5 , C and D) and T (Fig. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33898522283&p=1pl&v=1&x=XJkBXXAiP8x4RG32DODCcA |
10.1073/pnas.1719397115 | Computer_Science_541 | The glass of water you left on the nightstand when preparing for bed is now partially blocked from your line of sight by your alarm clock, yet you know that it is a glass. | A two-way ANOVA on performance with SOA and masking as factors revealed a significant interaction (F(4) = 42.6, p<10 -8 ). | The glass of water you left on the nightstand when preparing for bed is now partially blocked from your line of sight by your alarm clock, yet you know that it is a glass. In the end, the model provided useful insights towards understanding how to make inferences from minimal information. | When partial objects were followed by a backward mask, performance was significantly impaired (compare Figure 1E versus 1F) . A two-way ANOVA on performance with SOA and masking as factors revealed a significant interaction (F(4) = 42.6, p<10 -8 ). The behavioral consequences of shortening SOA were significantly stronger in the presence of backward masking (compare solid versus dashed lines in Figure 1G after averaging across visibility levels). | [3.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://news.mit.edu/2018/mit-martin-schrimpf-advancing-machine-ability-recognize-partially-seen-objects-0920 |
10.1038/s41562-019-0541-6 | Computer_Science_543 | And having different political perspectives ends up being associated with different assumptions about phenomena like climate change. | Polarized teams may attempt to integrate more diverse information, requiring more talk, which yields greater article quality. | If it's an important page like climate change, then there's going to be an intensive back-end debate. And having different political perspectives ends up being associated with different assumptions about phenomena like climate change. And the fact that people are coming to these kinds of questions with different priors and different assumptions and typically having read different scientific literature ends up meaning that there's an intensive debate. | Diverse information should be more difficult to integrate, particularly if contested. Polarized teams may attempt to integrate more diverse information, requiring more talk, which yields greater article quality. We find that polarized teams generate a larger volume of debate and their balance of political perspectives reduces flare-ups in debate temperature. | [1.0, 1.0, 4.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38717091203&p=1pl&v=1&x=B9dJ2ngQGbOBx5x_KO4J3A |
10.1126/scirobotics.aat1853 | Computer_Science_544 | A foam tube wrapped with a skin was able to inch forward like a worm. | Further, we show that combining multiple robotic skins enables complex motions and functions. | A foam tube wrapped with a skin was able to inch forward like a worm. And a piece of skin connecting two pieces of cardboard could contract, turning the object into a rudimentary gripper. I'm Delighted I Can Do That, Dave
In unpredictable environments like outer space, where unforeseen problems can arise, this diversity gives the skins a creative advantage over traditional robots that are only designed for a limited amount of activities. | We show that attaching the same robotic skin to a soft body in different ways, or to different soft bodies, leads to distinct motions. Further, we show that combining multiple robotic skins enables complex motions and functions. We demonstrate the versatility of this soft robot design approach in a wide range of applications-including manipulation tasks, locomotion, and wearables-using the same two-dimensional (2D) robotic skins reconfigured on the surface of various 3D soft, inanimate objects. | [4.0, 4.0, 1.0, 4.0] | Computer_Science | train | 4 | news | https://www.nationalgeographic.com.au/science/electronic-skin-creates-robots-from-ordinary-objects.aspx |
10.1145/2660267.2660348 | Computer_Science_545 | The results of the approach, according to the paper, are "strong privacy guarantees." | It is likely that some attackers will aim to target specific users by isolating and analyzing reports from that user, or a small group of users that includes them. | That data can have use for prying governments, malicious hackers and Google itself, but Rappor obscures what's actually going on for a given individual before Google even receives the data. The results of the approach, according to the paper, are "strong privacy guarantees." That muddles the "yes" responses, and another flip can muddle the "no" responses. | This problem could be mitigated to some extent by running collections per account and sharing a common Permanent randomized response. It is likely that some attackers will aim to target specific users by isolating and analyzing reports from that user, or a small group of users that includes them. Since these clients are not contributing any useful information to the collection process, targeting them individually by an attacker is counter-productive. | [1.0, 4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.6 | news | http://www.cnet.com/news/how-google-tricks-itself-to-protect-chrome-user-privacy/ |
10.1038/srep03472 | Computer_Science_546 | As he explains, trying to analyze a large amount of data to seek trends and patterns is similar to what physicists do when examining millions of particles of matter, and trying to understand the nature of all the interactions of the particles and the affects of those interactions. | In a given (large) time interval, an individual can focus on different interests, giving rise to a kind of ''transition'' among the interests. | Those data sets are big enough to eventually give researchers a credible indication of about how much of peoples' decision-making follows patterns, or if it's mostly random and chaotic, Lai says. As he explains, trying to analyze a large amount of data to seek trends and patterns is similar to what physicists do when examining millions of particles of matter, and trying to understand the nature of all the interactions of the particles and the affects of those interactions. Having information on the massive scale provided by big data can enable researchers to get a clearer picture despite the variables and randomness in peoples' decision-making. | An individual can possess a number of interests, which can be ranked in terms of the respective frequencies of visit. In a given (large) time interval, an individual can focus on different interests, giving rise to a kind of ''transition'' among the interests. The interest ranking and transition are important not only for the study of human dynamics 30 and decision-making 46 , but also for applications such as behavior prediction and search-algorithm design. | [1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.8 | news | http://www.technology.org/2014/03/13/big-data-reveals-human-interests-behavior/ |
10.1098/rsif.2009.0386 | Computer_Science_547 | Over the next two years, almost 30,000 people in West Africa would be infected with the Ebola virus. | an epidemic), and the growth factor per generation indicates the potential for growth. | Over the next two years, almost 30,000 people in West Africa would be infected with the Ebola virus. And the stakes couldn't be higher. This is why, as with weather forecasting, gathering real-time data is likely essential for advancing the scientific community's ability to predict outbreaks. | In a natural way this leads to viewing the infection process in terms of consecutive 'generations of infected individuals', in complete analogy to demographic generations. an epidemic), and the growth factor per generation indicates the potential for growth. In a natural way this growth factor is then the mathematical characterization of R 0 . | [4.0, 3.0, 1.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.6 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38546393281&p=1pl&v=1&x=2PdNZGKeh8ajqKzk6KR3Ow |
10.1038/s41598-018-27405-1 | Computer_Science_548 | But the more we learn about the culture and intellectual capacity displayed by our super freaking intelligent animal relatives like chimps, dolphins, and birds, the less unique human intelligence starts to appear. | Prior to the emergence of stone tools, it is likely that hominin tool behaviour involved a greater proportion of cognitively transparent behaviours , and emulative processes may have played an important role in their transmission . | But the more we learn about the culture and intellectual capacity displayed by our super freaking intelligent animal relatives like chimps, dolphins, and birds, the less unique human intelligence starts to appear. This suggests that crows can form a amental templatea of tools based on other crowsa tools and their own past tools, which would explain why New Caledonian crowsa tools could have improved over time. But the catch was that only certain sized pieces of paper earned a reward. | Here, emulation could be sufficient to enable cultural transmission and evolution. Prior to the emergence of stone tools, it is likely that hominin tool behaviour involved a greater proportion of cognitively transparent behaviours , and emulative processes may have played an important role in their transmission . These findings also raise the possibility that other cases of transparent tool manufacture, such as the varied fishing probes manufactured by chimpanzees 50 , could potentially allow for cumulative cultural evolution. | [4.0, 3.0, 3.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.6 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34421538103&p=1pl&v=1&x=lR7ERrnWV0SUjXuogl2rsQ |
10.1093/database/bat080 | Computer_Science_549 | Putting the data into the CTD framework helps investigators develop and test hypotheses about how drugs might cause adverse events. | In total, 9 489 curated articles yielded 38 083 phenotype interactions, of which 31 903 (84%) were for chemical-phenotype, 6% were for gene-phenotype and 10% were for complex chemical-gene-phenotype interactions ( Figure 4B ). | "The project quickly added lots of new data that complements environmental toxicity," says Davis. Putting the data into the CTD framework helps investigators develop and test hypotheses about how drugs might cause adverse events. "Coding the information in a structured format was key," insists Davis. | From the drug-phenotype corpus, 36 742 phenotype interactions were curated, and an additional 1 341 interactions came from 401 articles of the drug-disease corpus that were incidentally curated for phenotype information during the transition period between projects (Table 2 ). In total, 9 489 curated articles yielded 38 083 phenotype interactions, of which 31 903 (84%) were for chemical-phenotype, 6% were for gene-phenotype and 10% were for complex chemical-gene-phenotype interactions ( Figure 4B ). Apoptosis was the most frequently curated phenotype, followed by blood pressure, cell proliferation, oxidative stress and cell cycle ( Figure 2D ). | [1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.6 | news | http://www.newswise.com/articles/database-tracks-toxic-side-effects-of-pharmaceuticals |
10.1038/s41598-018-29429-z | Computer_Science_550 | They can also add mass and simulate the effect of being pushed or pulled at different parts of the body. | Our results suggest that the metabolic cost of walking can largely be explained by the linear combination of four costs-swing and torso dynamics, center of mass velocity redirection, ground clearance, and body weight support. | Humans instinctively adopt the gait that requires the least amount of energy given the walking conditions. They can also add mass and simulate the effect of being pushed or pulled at different parts of the body. Making custom exoskeletons
This pioneering software drew on a number of experiments appearing in recent literature, and it offers a huge number of potential applications -- especially in the medical realm. | added mass), and reduced gravity conditions, without the need for parameter tuning to design new gait trajectories. Our results suggest that the metabolic cost of walking can largely be explained by the linear combination of four costs-swing and torso dynamics, center of mass velocity redirection, ground clearance, and body weight support. The overall energetic cost is a tradeoff among these separable components, shaped by how they manifest under different walking conditions. | [3.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34904566901&p=1pl&v=1&x=kfCWxMSijOO4IbTt2RSdpw |
10.1287/mnsc.2014.1966 | Computer_Science_551 | "But losing by a point versus winning by a point, most of that is just noise. | In our model actors primarily follow standard Bayesian updating, but place inordinately more weight on success/failure than other available information about future success. | "A blowout win is informative about the team's future success, compared to a crushing defeat," said Brennan Platt, a professor of economics at BYU and co-author on the study. "But losing by a point versus winning by a point, most of that is just noise. To say 'a win is a win' ignores important information in the intensity of the win, causing narrow losers to overreact and narrow winners to be complacent." | We also provide a simple theoretical model of outcome bias, which produces behavior consistent with our empirical findings. In our model actors primarily follow standard Bayesian updating, but place inordinately more weight on success/failure than other available information about future success. Additionally, this requires panel data on the strategy and its consequences for multiple periods. | [2.0, 1.0, 5.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/07/140721182033.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1016/j.ipm.2016.06.009 | Computer_Science_552 | City size and population do not appear to factor into how stressed the tweeters are. | This is a particular concern given that this type of tweet is a likely future application of the program. | San Antonio comes in first on the list at 11.62 percent. City size and population do not appear to factor into how stressed the tweeters are. Corpus Christi, Lubbock, El Paso and Laredo are ranked third through sixth on the list, with similar percentages, circa 11.5 percent. | Its performance was weakest for all metrics on the set of tweets matching stress and relaxation terms. This is a particular concern given that this type of tweet is a likely future application of the program. The low performance on this sub-corpus reflects TensiStrength being likely to classify all tweets as having at least moderate levels of either stress or relaxation and so there would be relatively few easy classifications of texts with no matching terms. | [2.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39298051140&p=1pl&v=1&x=C8h4-vOrRm5pv6FlfQf6Wg |
10.1126/scirobotics.aau3098 | Computer_Science_553 | This is the stuff of the future. | The role of the physical configuration should be more thoroughly investigated to analyze the limits of what passive mechanical systems can achieve. | This robotic hand can play a surprisingly accurate rendition of 'Jingle Bells'
By Maddy Shaw Roberts
It can also play some staccato Scarlatti passages. This is the stuff of the future. We might not be seeing the hand mastering a Liszt etude anytime soon, but its rendition of 'Jingle Bells' is surprisingly dexterous. | The proposed architecture can be extended to other application and research directions. The role of the physical configuration should be more thoroughly investigated to analyze the limits of what passive mechanical systems can achieve. In particular, automation of the mechanical design process would enable a more scalable and consistent approach. | [1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.4 | news | https://www.classicfm.com/discover-music/instruments/piano/robotic-hand-plays-jingle-bells-scarlatti-piano/ |
10.1111/j.1083-6101.2009.01474.x | Computer_Science_554 | I also notice that many wear their Facebook-hate with pride. | Using the same approach of entering multiplicative terms in the models for civic and political participation, only one interaction achieved statistical significance: The relationship between intensity of Facebook Groups use and political participation was weaker for white respondents than for minority respondents (β = −.23, p < .05). | They see its superficiality, they frown at the self-promotion, they would rather contact their friends in more meaningful ways, preferring real, close friends to large numbers of acquaintances. I also notice that many wear their Facebook-hate with pride. Or maybe it's more than that - maybe they are sensing something that us users are missing? | No other interactive term in the regression of political participation was statistically significant. Using the same approach of entering multiplicative terms in the models for civic and political participation, only one interaction achieved statistical significance: The relationship between intensity of Facebook Groups use and political participation was weaker for white respondents than for minority respondents (β = −.23, p < .05). Our results provide consistent evidence that these positive associations exist. | [3.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.8 | news | http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/1213575-facebook-friend-or-foe/ |
10.1186/s13040-014-0033-1 | Computer_Science_556 | "Our GR can be used by researchers on a daily basis to investigate and characterize the dynamic complexity of living bodies. | Also we show the names of 10 positively and two the most negatively correlated genes. | "The devised computer algorithm allows the computation of GR for 50 thousand genes and 500 samples within just a few minutes on a personal computer," said Demidenko. "Our GR can be used by researchers on a daily basis to investigate and characterize the dynamic complexity of living bodies. In particular, this will be helpful to characterize malignant tumors." | The width of the bar is proportional to the gene's correlation coefficient with remaining genes. Also we show the names of 10 positively and two the most negatively correlated genes. As follows from this plot, less correlated genes are at the BPESC1 GSTT1 NLRP2 TCHH PON3 TYRP1 CRYBB2 TP53 TECTA CDH19 PCDHGA9 KCNG2 TDRD1 DDX43 HTR1F RPH3AL NPR3 THSD7A CXORF1 KL DAZL HOXD9 GUCY1B2 LDHAL6B MIA 25 most connected genes HCN2 GRIN1 ELA2 POU3F1 RBMXL2 HNF4A APC2 UTF1 SCRT1 PRDM12 SOX10 CACNA1I PRTN3 CDK5R2 HRH3 SEMA6B SOX1 CSF3 CHAT WNT1 ALX4 OLIG2 ADRB1 ACCN4 bottom and more correlated genes are at the top (the yellow curve represents the density of the squared correlation distribution). | [2.0, 1.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150213112114.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1126/science.aav8911 | Computer_Science_557 | In other trials, the animals were less confident in their judgments because the interval was closer to the boundary and difficult to discriminate. | In particular, our results suggest that the long latency signals in ACC result from an integration of early error-related modulations in DMFC, much like what is seen in well-established first-order perceptual decision-making tasks between sensory and higher-order association and premotor areas ). | These trials were relatively easy and afforded a high degree of confidence. In other trials, the animals were less confident in their judgments because the interval was closer to the boundary and difficult to discriminate. advertisement
As they had hypothesized, the researchers found that the animals' behavior was influenced by their confidence in their performance. | This result, coupled with an experiment involving simultaneous DMFC perturbation and ACC recording, enabled us to reveal the sequential nature of computations in DMFC and ACC and provided a coherent explanation of their distinct functional link to behavior, their different activation latencies, and their circuit-level interactions. In particular, our results suggest that the long latency signals in ACC result from an integration of early error-related modulations in DMFC, much like what is seen in well-established first-order perceptual decision-making tasks between sensory and higher-order association and premotor areas ). An important outstanding question that our study motivates is the problem of maintaining a desired behavioral strategy between switches, which may involve other brain areas such as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex . | [2.0, 2.0, 3.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39241727390&p=1pl&v=1&x=UDzthXxD76LXX1JfD73f6g |
10.1126/scirobotics.aat4983 | Computer_Science_558 | Researchers found the hardware and low-level software were most prone to error. | It is also responsible for characterizing the environment in terms of robot configurations abilities, allowing the high-level planner to make decisions regarding reconfiguration. | The team proved the effectiveness of its system with three experiments. Researchers found the hardware and low-level software were most prone to error. The second experiment, for instance, took 24 attempts before succeeding, with the stairs posing a particular challenge. | While our system implementation is built around the SMORES-EP robot, the system architecture could be used with any modular robot capable of self-reconfiguration. It is also responsible for characterizing the environment in terms of robot configurations abilities, allowing the high-level planner to make decisions regarding reconfiguration. Although we implement object recognition by color, more sophisticated methods could be included under the same system architecture. | [2.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37555978419&p=1pl&v=1&x=aZ2DJc2waVue3i_kc0R0jQ |
10.1016/j.csda.2018.06.014 | Computer_Science_559 | "We would hope that our algorithms could be used in similar software." | We showed that the results from these distinct data analysis methods happen to agree very well. | By making recommendations about where to patrol, the algorithm led to a 7.4 percent reduction in crime. Early conclusions suggest that the upgraded predictive tool could prove superior for coping with the constantly fluctuating world of real-time crime prediction. "We would hope that our algorithms could be used in similar software." | For the real-world time-series of gang violence data, the validity of EnPGF is testified by comparing with PF and the "likely" parameter region identified by the Kolmogrov-Smirnov statistics. We showed that the results from these distinct data analysis methods happen to agree very well. Nevertheless, our experimental results suggest an issue where EnPGF tends to produce over/under-spreading ensembles for some parameter estimates; hence probabilistically over/under-confidence in the parameter estimates. | [2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34647930543&p=1pl&v=1&x=LVltVtOm0VTRpZK6PTopiQ |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_56 | Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. | While the reduction in the number of checked bags may indeed have resulted in savings due to lower labor costs for handling checked bags, our findings suggest that the resulting increase in the quantity of bags carried-on may have had a detrimental effect on the airline's costs through a decrease in their on-time departure performance. | So, a drop in total baggage volume benefits not only the airlines that charge baggage fees but also those that do not. Southwest's improved departure time performance was not as significant as its rival airlines, which did charge for checked bags, and it appears to have hurt one of Southwest's historical competitive advantages in customer service. Southwest's "bags fly free" policy is likely not free based on lost opportunity cost, mostly because it could be offering more flights per day with increased boarding times due to charging for checked bags. | Our study provides empirical evidence that the checked baggage fee policies did alter passengers' behavior, yet in a different way than previously postulated. While the reduction in the number of checked bags may indeed have resulted in savings due to lower labor costs for handling checked bags, our findings suggest that the resulting increase in the quantity of bags carried-on may have had a detrimental effect on the airline's costs through a decrease in their on-time departure performance. Our findings highlight factors, such as the effect of carry-on bags, that need to be incorporated in designing incentive schemes. | [3.0, 5.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 3 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1088/1741-2560/11/3/035015 | Computer_Science_560 | "There are several brain regions involved in vocalization, but we believe [this one] is important for the learned, voluntary control of speech," Chang says. | This result outperforms the joint probability of isolated phoneme prediction and indicates that classification across some words is better than others. | Chang has taken advantage of the opportunity to study brain activity as these patients speak or listen to speech. "There are several brain regions involved in vocalization, but we believe [this one] is important for the learned, voluntary control of speech," Chang says. By mathematically analyzing these patterns, Chang says, his team showed that "many key phonetic features" can be detected. | Although word identification was not sufficient for communication purposes at a mere 18.8%, it is notable that words can be identified from phonemic analysis alone. This result outperforms the joint probability of isolated phoneme prediction and indicates that classification across some words is better than others. It is important to note that we are not strictly decoding words, as we have prior information as to where phonemic onset occurs. | [2.0, 3.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://www.technologyreview.com/news/528741/a-speech-synthesizer-direct-to-the-brain/ |
10.1534/genetics.118.301267 | Computer_Science_562 | "While we have validated this tool for these three outcomes, we can now apply this method to predict other complex traits related to health risks such as heart disease, diabetes, and breast cancer," says Stephen Hsu, lead investigator of the study and vice president for research and graduate studies at Michigan State University. | The SNP heritability of the molecular markers used to build the predictor can be interpreted as an upper bound to the variance that could be captured by the predictor. | But the applications may not stop there. "While we have validated this tool for these three outcomes, we can now apply this method to predict other complex traits related to health risks such as heart disease, diabetes, and breast cancer," says Stephen Hsu, lead investigator of the study and vice president for research and graduate studies at Michigan State University. "This is only the beginning." | However, the total variance accounted for by these SNPs is still a small fraction of the trait heritability and of the proportion of variance that could be captured by regression on common SNPs as suggested by SNP heritability estimates . The SNP heritability of the molecular markers used to build the predictor can be interpreted as an upper bound to the variance that could be captured by the predictor. While identification of GWAS SNPs is accomplished by single SNP regression, construction of a best predictor is a global optimization problem in the high dimensional space of possible effect sizes of all SNPs. | [1.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.25 | news | https://www.futurity.org/dna-tool-height-health-1881862/ |
10.1098/rsif.2014.1201 | Computer_Science_565 | Ablation works well for simple rhythm disorders with a well-defined hotspot, but is far less effective for complex arrhythmias originating from multiple hotspots that cannot be precisely located with standard imaging techniques. | For example, Figure 4C3 (top row) shows that the high level of information sharing in the central region of the lattice quickly faded as distance between cells increased. | The different types of arrhythmias generated markedly distinct spatial profiles. By contrast, regular EKG tracings of the same rhythm disturbances looked similar with a lot of overlapping features, an observation suggesting that quantifying and digitizing information flow inside the heart would far more reliably distinguish one form of arrhythmia from another. Ablation works well for simple rhythm disorders with a well-defined hotspot, but is far less effective for complex arrhythmias originating from multiple hotspots that cannot be precisely located with standard imaging techniques. | Mutual information was far more spatially heterogeneous than anticipated from the electrical wave propagation. For example, Figure 4C3 (top row) shows that the high level of information sharing in the central region of the lattice quickly faded as distance between cells increased. This reflects the fact that the cells lying along the same electrical wavefront changed over time due to the drifting core. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/03/150310123546.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+News%29 |
10.1145/3128572.3140448 | Computer_Science_566 | "We don't know the answers to the questions, and I would argue we don't even know the right questions. | To just obtain the estimated gradients of all pixels, 2p = 536, 406 evaluations are needed. | "This is a new field," he adds. "We don't know the answers to the questions, and I would argue we don't even know the right questions. Andrew and Logan have the brilliance and drive to help lead the way." | For example, the Inception-v3 network takes input images with a size of 299 × 299 × 3, and thus has p = 268, 203 variables (pixels) to optimize. To just obtain the estimated gradients of all pixels, 2p = 536, 406 evaluations are needed. For a model as large as Inception-v3, each evaluation can take tens of milliseconds on a single GPU, thus it is very expensive to even evaluate all gradients once. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://news.mit.edu/2019/why-did-my-classifier-mistake-turtle-for-rifle-computer-vision-0731 |
10.1038/s41586-018-0766-y | Computer_Science_567 | To make sense of these results, Bob and Alice share the orientation settings of their apparatus but keep everything else secret. | On the other hand, a TDM based scheme would need only 2N channels. | The rules of quantum mechanics are what allow Alice and Bob to securely generate a shared random number. To make sense of these results, Bob and Alice share the orientation settings of their apparatus but keep everything else secret. All the other results are thrown out. | Lastly, crosstalk between the channels is not harmful, since photons in the wrong channel would, due to the different delay introduced by the WDMs, only contribute to the accidental rate and not be seen as a separate coincidence peak. On the other hand, a TDM based scheme would need only 2N channels. Large scale networks could also combine the advantages of WDMs and TDMs by using both together. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38007597921&p=1pl&v=1&x=T26S97hYMkA6PhpxdHP7bA |
10.1145/3152823 | Computer_Science_568 | FontCode could be a game changer." | ,r n ). | "We are excited about the broad array of applications for FontCode," says Zheng, "from document management software, to invisible QR codes, to protection of legal documents. FontCode could be a game changer." PROJECT WEBSITE: http://www.cs.columbia.edu/cg/fontcode/
MORE INFO: http://www.cs.columbia.edu/2018/fontcode-hiding-information-in-plain-text-unobtrusively-and-across-file-types/ | , r n ). ,r n ). As discussed above, this decoding function can correct up to n−k 2 incorrectly recognized glyphs in each block. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34019330630&p=1pl&v=1&x=7goUd9Ab35XLPuqTGWlAKQ |
10.1073/pnas.1800314115 | Computer_Science_569 | For example, employers could use it to design the best shift schedule for their workers by sorting out early birds and night owls, Feinsilver said. | TimeSignature is able to avoid the problems of cross-study renormalization by relying instead on within-subject renormalization. | "We might be able to predict ahead of time who is at risk of getting sick before they develop symptoms," Braun said. This test also could have applications outside medicine. For example, employers could use it to design the best shift schedule for their workers by sorting out early birds and night owls, Feinsilver said. | The TimeSignature algorithm avoids both constraints, yielding a predictor that is more reliable, interpretable, and practical than competing methods. TimeSignature is able to avoid the problems of cross-study renormalization by relying instead on within-subject renormalization. By centering the data for each subject about the daily mean for that gene in that subject, we remove not only batch effects but individual differences in baseline gene expression as well; in effect, we are removing any constitutive differential expression such that our model considers only the time-varying part. | [3.0, 1.0, 1.0, 4.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37072872415&p=1pl&v=1&x=vSViu-CDdX5TOfslXMhpjg |
10.1287/mnsc.2016.2500 | Computer_Science_57 | Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. | While the reduction in the number of checked bags may indeed have resulted in savings due to lower labor costs for handling checked bags, our findings suggest that the resulting increase in the quantity of bags carried-on may have had a detrimental effect on the airline's costs through a decrease in their on-time departure performance. | The reductions are significant because departure times and mitigating delays are crucial to so many other facets of the business, such as the number of flights airlines can offer and their image among potential customers. Other key findings from the study:
Charging for the first or second checked bag improved on-time departure performance for all major airlines--including Southwest Airlines, which does not charge for the first two bags--because it creates savings due to a cultural shift among US passengers to travel with less baggage. This shift resulted in a lower demand for airport labor-intensive, back-end operations such as baggage handling and security checks, which are shared resources across airlines. | Our study provides empirical evidence that the checked baggage fee policies did alter passengers' behavior, yet in a different way than previously postulated. While the reduction in the number of checked bags may indeed have resulted in savings due to lower labor costs for handling checked bags, our findings suggest that the resulting increase in the quantity of bags carried-on may have had a detrimental effect on the airline's costs through a decrease in their on-time departure performance. Our findings highlight factors, such as the effect of carry-on bags, that need to be incorporated in designing incentive schemes. | [4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2.8 | news | http://www.futurity.org/airplanes-baggage-fees-1234212-2/ |
10.1038/s41562-019-0597-3 | Computer_Science_571 | That finding that surprised Nassar. | These data should help to clarify inconsistencies in the literature regarding the relationship between reward learning and memory. | The researchers also found that participants were equally good at remembering specific images from high value rounds they won when they were tested 5 minutes after the learning task as when they were tested 24 hours later, after a period of memory consolidation. That finding that surprised Nassar. "We spent quite a bit of time trying to rectify our results with that study because they don't line up. | We show that this role is temporally and computationally precise, independent of consolidation duration (at least in the current paradigm), and contingent on decisionmaking behaviour. These data should help to clarify inconsistencies in the literature regarding the relationship between reward learning and memory. The detailed predictions we have made using these data could be tested in future studies exploring the relationship between dopamine signalling and memory formation. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39175800251&p=1pl&v=1&x=naul6wwrwMo9XFBK7D3MQw |
10.1287/msom.2016.0587 | Computer_Science_572 | Underestimating the value of time in the future could mean an entrepreneur will avoid decisions today that could free up more precious hours down the line. | Our work builds on several streams of literature. | The authors believe many entrepreneurs undervalue future time. Underestimating the value of time in the future could mean an entrepreneur will avoid decisions today that could free up more precious hours down the line. Rather than muscle through a daily in-box of mostly low-value tasks, for example, an entrepreneur might be smarter to hire someone and delegate that work. | Although mistiming hiring is costly in both entrepreneurial and established firms, the effect may be more severe in entrepreneurial firms because it stunts growth in addition to deferring future profits. Our work builds on several streams of literature. Taking an operations management perspective we derive a simple guideline for how an employee should be valued based on the level of relief s/he provides to the entrepreneur's time constraint. | [1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33002496758&p=1pl&v=1&x=qxtPItG_RHRN7XCvN3Q63g |
10.1162/jocn_a_00450 | Computer_Science_574 | Those regions carry responsibility for alertness and the regulation of cognition required to perform the matching task, the researchers said, in addition to serving a function important to the "default mode network" -- a minimum reserve of brain power used to monitor the environment during times of inactivity, or slack. | No classical visual responses were detected in any tests. | A subsequent functional magnetic resonance imaging scan, while study participants performed a simple sound-matching task while lights flashed in their eyes, showed activation in brain regions believed important that particular task. Those regions carry responsibility for alertness and the regulation of cognition required to perform the matching task, the researchers said, in addition to serving a function important to the "default mode network" -- a minimum reserve of brain power used to monitor the environment during times of inactivity, or slack. Under present knowledge of the default network, the theory might explain why the brain's performance improves as light hits those novel photoreceptors -- and might change perception of human "vision." | Visual acuity tests previously performed in Boston indicated no light perception in either eye of the three participants. No classical visual responses were detected in any tests. Finally, questionnaire scores indicated that Participants 2 and 3 reported, respectively, relatively poor sleep quality and high propensity to fall asleep during the day (Table 1 ). | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/light-influences-brains-even-blind-improving-cognitive-performance-261155 |
10.1177/1461444818776611 | Computer_Science_575 | You don't want to set it up as this is good and bad, demonizing the users who are posting this content." | It sounds like you could use some kind words right about now. | Companies need to weigh not just the content itself, but also the effect that removing it might have on the vulnerable people who share it. You don't want to set it up as this is good and bad, demonizing the users who are posting this content." New Media & Society
It's an understandable strategy: hashtags, unlike images, can be easily categorized and flagged by automated detection systems and human moderators. | Tumblr's approach to content moderation is different. It sounds like you could use some kind words right about now. We suggest Koko, an anonymous support community made up of nice, caring people like you." | [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34293125712&p=1pl&v=1&x=difd8d3ExzP1c39AL3VuHw |
10.1186/s12911-017-0477-6 | Computer_Science_576 | The top conditions in each category are stroke, sepsis (a blood infection) and lung cancer, respectively. | This could be a potential barrier to adoption. | Diagnostic errors leading to death or serious, permanent disability were associated with misdiagnosed cancers (37.8%), vascular events (22.8%) and infections (13.5%) -- categories that the team led by David Newman-Toker, M.D., Ph.D., director of the Johns Hopkins Armstrong Institute Center for Diagnostic Excellence, calls the "big three." The top conditions in each category are stroke, sepsis (a blood infection) and lung cancer, respectively. There are over 10 thousand diseases, each of which can manifest with a variety of symptoms, so it can be daunting to think about how to even begin tackling diagnostic problems," says Newman-Toker, "Our findings suggest that the most serious harms can be attributed to a surprisingly small number of conditions. | However, to use the DSS effectively, GPs would need to adapt their consultation style, so that they code more information during rather than at the end of the consultation. This could be a potential barrier to adoption. Training GPs to use the system in a patient-centred way, as well as improvement of the DSS interface itself, could facilitate coding. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39668473091&p=1pl&v=1&x=apDaz3co2stEleeikop6Qw |
10.1073/pnas.1812296116 | Computer_Science_577 | "It's a very encouraging result which suggests that our paper-based LAMP diagnostics could help deliver better, faster, more effective testing for malaria infections in areas which are currently underserved by available diagnostic techniques." | Importantly, this sensitivity is above the minimal performance target set out by WHO and FIND . | "Our diagnostic approach correctly diagnosed malaria in 98 percent of the infected samples we tested, markedly more sensitive than both the microscopy and lateral flow tests, which delivered 86 percent and 83 percent respectively," Cooper continued. "It's a very encouraging result which suggests that our paper-based LAMP diagnostics could help deliver better, faster, more effective testing for malaria infections in areas which are currently underserved by available diagnostic techniques." "These are challenging environments for any test of this type, with no access to the kinds of refrigeration, special equipment and training that more traditional diagnostic procedures require, so it's very encouraging that the diagnostic techniques we've developed have proven to be so sensitive and reliable," said Dr. Reboud. | Taking into account the tests for Plasmodium pan and P. falciparum, the paper-based microfluidic device had a sensitivity of >98% and a coincidence rate of 97% (95% CI, 91.99 to 100%), compared with the test results generated by real-time PCR (Table 1) . Importantly, this sensitivity is above the minimal performance target set out by WHO and FIND . Our method was also more sensitive than the microscopy detection method used (which detected infection in 86% of the tested cases). | [2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.6 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38600474506&p=1pl&v=1&x=HWOsa4H_8JV7dl5rnBa92g |
10.1073/pnas.1820672116 | Computer_Science_578 | Depending on which material Preston selects, he could design a robot that is index-matched to a specific substance. | signal with a computer-controlled electronic pressure regulator, which proves useful because we demonstrate, through our experiments, that the soft shift register functions as a "black box" with interchangeable inputs and outputs; a soft, pneumatic oscillator (7), or a soft button (with a human user; see Fig. | Such energy conservation could be crucial in emergency or disaster situations where the robots travel far from a reliable energy source. Depending on which material Preston selects, he could design a robot that is index-matched to a specific substance. So, if he chooses a material that camouflages in water, the robot would appear transparent when submerged. | When the set input, S, is activated (S = 1), the output becomes 1, even after S returns to 0, exhibiting the ability for data storage within a completely soft device. signal with a computer-controlled electronic pressure regulator, which proves useful because we demonstrate, through our experiments, that the soft shift register functions as a "black box" with interchangeable inputs and outputs; a soft, pneumatic oscillator (7), or a soft button (with a human user; see Fig. 8 ) could be used in place of the electronic regulator to generate the clock signal. | [1.0, 3.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.6 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38839930248&p=1pl&v=1&x=-5HwXZcoQq5jg5Exey9hXQ |
10.1145/3287560.3287574 | Computer_Science_579 | These results show that neither part of the argument stacks up. | Although well defined, this essentially means that the model is fitted to a domain of size 0 and may exhibit large amounts of instability while offering limited predictive power. | This is an important finding. These results show that neither part of the argument stacks up. Many Leavers do have strong preferences between different Leave outcomes. | In this case, the sensitivity is equivalent to the gradient. Although well defined, this essentially means that the model is fitted to a domain of size 0 and may exhibit large amounts of instability while offering limited predictive power. For unstructured data, such as a count of how many times particular words occur in a document, it makes sense to compare against a baseline created by setting the count to 0. | [1.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk/2019/06/everything-you-think-you-know-about-leavers-and-remainers-wrong |
10.1073/pnas.1304179110 | Computer_Science_580 | This means that you can directly study human behaviour in crowds on the web. | The prioritization of various tasks is suggested to lead to a bursty dynamics with power-law distributed waiting times. | This means that you can directly study human behaviour in crowds on the web. He could see that there were periods with relatively steady activity and then there would be a very abrupt and intense upswing in activity. Suddenly there was an event that everyone had to respond to and there was an explosion in the amount of online activity. | There are information pathways that are not only related to the network topology, but, to a larger degree, correspond to many users tweeting at the same time about the same thing triggered by events outside the network. The prioritization of various tasks is suggested to lead to a bursty dynamics with power-law distributed waiting times. This is in contrast to a homogeneous Poisson process, where the waiting time between tasks that are being selected at random follows an exponential distribution. | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.2 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131007151731.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.03.045 | Computer_Science_581 | "Our experimental results show that our proposed method outperforms the benchmark methods and achieves much better performance than the state-of-the-art methods in both qualitative and quantitative measures - our method improves the clinical usability, processing speed and encourages less blurring and overall better image quality," Dr Zhou said. | This order was necessarily fixed because we need to acquire clinical PET scans first and then the experimental scans. | The major drawback of dose reduction is that more visual distortion may be involved in the reconstructed PET images, resulting in poor image quality. "Our experimental results show that our proposed method outperforms the benchmark methods and achieves much better performance than the state-of-the-art methods in both qualitative and quantitative measures - our method improves the clinical usability, processing speed and encourages less blurring and overall better image quality," Dr Zhou said. 3D printing was a revelation. | The average time post-injection was 36 min (from 32 to 41 min). This order was necessarily fixed because we need to acquire clinical PET scans first and then the experimental scans. The order, however, creates some implications. | [3.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1.8 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33755285918&p=1pl&v=1&x=9BBG_ZsWKsgwL4jsAi7jPQ |
10.1038/s41562-017-0290-3 | Computer_Science_582 | An implication of these metrics is that connections are more or less important based on the centrality of the other nodes they connect to. | , (v † , S m )}, such that: | "This matters because, on the one hand, it assists the general public in protecting their privacy against intrusion from government and corporate interests, while on the other hand, it assists counter-terrorism units and law-enforcement agencies in understanding how criminals and terrorists could escape detection, especially given the increasing reliance of terrorists on social media survival strategies." An implication of these metrics is that connections are more or less important based on the centrality of the other nodes they connect to. Like, if I have a billion Facebook friends but each one of those friends only has one or two friends, then I'm not actually very important in the network, despite the number of connections. | Consequently, our goal is achieved if and only if we add to G a set of edges, A ⊆ {(v † , S 1 ), . , (v † , S m )}, such that: Since we are interested in finding the smallest such subset, a solution to the above instance of the influence recovery problem gives us a solution to the Set Cover problem. | [1.0, 1.0, 4.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Computer_Science | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33146302013&p=1pl&v=1&x=K16VztVHCEQN3L5t429ZYA |