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enwiki-01569716-0093-0001 | Decompression theory, Current research
Data on hundreds of thousands of real dives is analysed to investigate aspects of diving safety. The large amounts of data gathered is used for probabilistic analysis of decompression risk. The data donors can get immediate feedback in the form of a simple risk analysis of their dive profiles rated as one of three nominal levels of risk (high, medium and low) based on comparison with Bühlmann ZH16c M-values computed for the same profile. | {
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enwiki-01569716-0094-0000 | Decompression theory, Current research, Practical effectiveness of models
Bubble models for decompression were popular among technical divers in the early 2000s, although there was little data to support the effectiveness of the models in practice. Since then, several comparative studies have indicated relatively larger numbers of venous gas emboli after decompression based on bubble models, and one study reported a higher rate of decompression sickness. The deeper decompression stops earlier in the ascent appear to be less effective at controlling bubble formation than the hypotheses suggested. This failure may be due to continued ingassing of slower tissues during the extended time at greater depth, resulting in these tissues being more supersaturated at shallower depths. The optimal decompression strategy for deep bounce dives remains unknown (2016). | {
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enwiki-01569716-0095-0000 | Decompression theory, Current research, Practical effectiveness of models
The practical efficacy of gas switches from helium based diluent to nitrox for accelerating decompression has not been demonstrated convincingly. These switches increase risk of inner ear decompression sickness due to counterdiffusion effects. | {
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enwiki-01569716-0096-0000 | Decompression theory, Teaching of decompression theory
Decompression is an area where you discover that, the more you learn, the more you know that you really don't know what is going on. For behind the "black-and-white" exactness of table entries, the second-by-second countdowns of dive computers, and beneath the mathematical purity of decompression models, lurks a dark and mysterious physiological jungle that has barely been explored. | {
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enwiki-01569716-0097-0000 | Decompression theory, Teaching of decompression theory
Exposure to the various theories, models, tables and algorithms is needed to allow the diver to make educated and knowledgeable decisions regarding their personal decompression needs. Basic decompression theory and use of decompression tables is part of the theory component of training for commercial divers, and dive planning based on decompression tables, and the practice and field management of decompression is a significant part of the work of the diving supervisor. Recreational divers are trained in the theory and practice of decompression to the extent that the certifying agency specifies in the training standard for each certification. | {
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enwiki-01569716-0097-0001 | Decompression theory, Teaching of decompression theory
This may vary from a rudimentary overview sufficient to allow the diver to avoid decompression obligation for entry level divers, to competence in the use of several decompression algorithms by way of personal dive computers, decompression software, and tables for advanced technical divers. The detailed understanding of decompression theory is not generally required of either commercial or recreational divers. | {
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enwiki-01569717-0000-0000 | Decompressive craniectomy
Decompressive craniectomy (crani- + -ectomy) is a neurosurgical procedure in which part of the skull is removed to allow a swelling brain room to expand without being squeezed. It is performed on victims of traumatic brain injury, stroke, Chiari Malformation, and other conditions associated with raised intracranial pressure. Use of the surgery is controversial. | {
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enwiki-01569717-0001-0000 | Decompressive craniectomy
The procedure evolved from a primitive form of surgery known as trephining or trepanning. The older procedure, while common in prehistoric times, was deprecated in favor of other, less invasive treatments as they were developed; although it was still performed with some frequency prior to the twentieth century, its resurgence in modern form became possible only upon the development of precision cutting tools, cranial drills, and sophisticated post-operative care such as antibiotics. | {
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enwiki-01569717-0002-0000 | Decompressive craniectomy, Results of clinical trials, Reduction of intracranial pressure
Though the procedure is considered a last resort, some evidence suggests that it does improve outcomes by lowering intracranial pressure (ICP), the pressure within the skull. Raised intracranial pressure is very often debilitating or fatal because it causes compression of the brain and restricts cerebral blood flow. The aim of decompressive craniectomy is to reduce this pressure. The part of the skull that is removed is called a bone flap. A study has shown that the larger the removed bone flap is, the more ICP is reduced. | {
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enwiki-01569717-0003-0000 | Decompressive craniectomy, Results of clinical trials, Reduction of intracranial pressure, DECRA trial
In March 2011, investigators from Australia and several other countries published the results of the DECRA trial in The New England Journal of Medicine. This was a randomized trial comparing decompressive craniectomy to best medical therapy run between 2002 and 2010 to assess the optimal management of patients with medically refractory ICP following diffuse non-penetrating head injury. The study investigators found that decompressive craniectomy was associated with worse functional outcomes, as measured by a standard metric, than best medical care. There were no differences in deaths between groups. | {
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enwiki-01569717-0003-0001 | Decompressive craniectomy, Results of clinical trials, Reduction of intracranial pressure, DECRA trial
However, the results of the DECRA trial have been rejected or at least questioned by many practicing neurosurgeons, and a concurrently published editorial raises several study weaknesses. First, the threshold for defining increased ICP, and the time allowed before declaring ICP medically refractory, are not what many practicing physicians would consider increased or refractory. Second, out of almost 3500 potentially eligible patients, only 155 patients were enrolled, showing that the study cannot be generalized to all patients with severe non-penetrating brain injury. Lastly, despite being randomized, more patients in the craniectomy arm had unreactive pupils (after randomization but before surgery) than patients in the medical therapy arm, a potential confounding factor. | {
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enwiki-01569717-0004-0000 | Decompressive craniectomy, Results of clinical trials, Other effects
In addition to reducing ICP, studies have found decompressive craniectomy to improve cerebral perfusion pressure and cerebral blood flow in head injured patients. | {
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enwiki-01569717-0005-0000 | Decompressive craniectomy, Results of clinical trials, Other effects
Decompressive craniectomy is also used to manage major strokes, associated with "malignant" edema and intracranial hypertension. The pooled evidence from three randomised controlled trials in Europe supports the retrospective observations that early (within 48 hours) application of decompressive craniectomy after "malignant" stroke may result in improved survival and functional outcome in patients under the age of 55, compared to conservative management alone. | {
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enwiki-01569717-0006-0000 | Decompressive craniectomy, Results of clinical trials, Other effects
The procedure is recommended especially for young patients in whom ICP is not controllable by other methods. Age of greater than 50 years is associated with a poorer outcome after the surgery. | {
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enwiki-01569717-0007-0000 | Decompressive craniectomy, Results of clinical trials, Complications
Infections such as meningitis or brain abscess can occur after decompressive craniectomy. | {
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enwiki-01569717-0008-0000 | Decompressive craniectomy, Results of clinical trials, Children
In severely head injured children, a study has shown that decompressive craniectomy resulted in good recovery in all children in the study, suggesting the procedure has an advantage over non-surgical treatment in children. In one of the largest studies on pediatric patients, Jagannathan et al. found a net 65% favorable outcomes rate in pediatric patients for accidental trauma after craniectomy when followed for more than five years. Only three patients were dependent on caregivers. This is the only prospective randomly controlled study to date to support the potential benefit of decompressive craniectomy following traumatic brain injury. | {
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enwiki-01569717-0009-0000 | Decompressive craniectomy, Follow-up treatment
After a craniectomy, the risk of brain injury is increased, particularly after the patient heals and becomes mobile again. Therefore, special measures must be taken to protect the brain, such as a helmet or a temporary implant in the skull. | {
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enwiki-01569717-0010-0000 | Decompressive craniectomy, Follow-up treatment
When the patient has healed sufficiently, the opening in the skull is usually closed with a cranioplasty. If possible, the original skull fragment is preserved after the craniectomy in anticipation of the cranioplasty. | {
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enwiki-01569717-0011-0000 | Decompressive craniectomy, Ongoing trials
The RESCUEicp study is an international multicenter trial that finished recruitment in March 2014. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of decompressive craniectomy, compared to medical management alone, to treat brain swelling and improve outcome. This study is coordinated by the University of Cambridge Academic Neurosurgery Unit and the European Brain Injury Consortium (EBIC). | {
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enwiki-01569717-0012-0000 | Decompressive craniectomy, Ongoing trials
The RESCUE-ASDH study is a multicenter, pragmatic, parallel group randomised trial that aims to compare the clinical and cost-effectiveness of decompressive craniectomy versus craniotomy for the management of adult head-injured patients undergoing evacuation of an acute subdural haematoma (ASDH). The trial has started recruiting, and is expected to run until 2020. This study is coordinated by the University of Cambridge Academic Neurosurgery Unit . ] . | {
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enwiki-01569718-0000-0000 | Decon
Decon is a New York-based creative studio that houses production, creative, strategy and music divisions. The company creates campaigns on behalf of brands and advertising agencies. | {
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enwiki-01569718-0001-0000 | Decon, History
Originally named Deconstruction Company, the company was founded in 2002 by Peter Bittenbender and Jason Goldwatch after the creation of their award-winning hip-hop documentary and accompanying soundtrack, One Big Trip. The soundtrack was released as a double-sided DVD/CD in 2002 with Hieroglyphic Imperium Records - it is thought to be the first hip-hop-centric release in the hybrid format. | {
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enwiki-01569718-0002-0000 | Decon, History
In 2012, Decon earned a Promax Award for work on NBCUniversal's "Green Week" campaign. That year, Misha Louy and Sacha Jenkins both joined as partners, expanding the Production and Entertainment divisions. | {
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enwiki-01569718-0003-0000 | Decon, Decon Records
Decon Records is the independent record label that is a division of Decon. It got its start releasing underground hip-hop recordings. It was established in 2003. In 2013, Decon Records was noted as one of Billboard’s 50 Best Independent Labels in America. Decon Records began by collaborating with the west coast collective Project Blowed to release projects from Aceyalone of the Freestyle Fellowship, such as Love & Hate which features production from El-P and RJD2. Other early Decon Records projects include partnering with The Roots to establish Okayplayer Records. | {
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enwiki-01569718-0003-0001 | Decon, Decon Records
The label provided further releases from Aceyalone as well as RJD2’s Magnificent City Instrumentals (2006) and Evidence's Red Tape Instrumentals (2007). In 2008, the label released an album from frequent Talib Kweli and Mos Def collaborator, 88-Keys, called The Death of Adam. The album featured Kid Cudi and Redman and was executive produced by Kanye West. The video for the lead single “Stay Up! (Viagra)” was directed by Decon co-founder Jason Goldwatch and premiered on MTV. | {
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enwiki-01569718-0004-0000 | Decon, Decon Records
The following year, Decon licensed RJD2’s “A Beautiful Mine” as the theme song for the AMC show Mad Men. That year, Decon released Jay Electronica's Just Blaze-produced tracks "Exhibit A" and "Exhibit C". While collaborating with Decon Records, Jay won two awards from MTV and signed a deal with Roc Nation. | {
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enwiki-01569718-0005-0000 | Decon, Decon Records
The Alchemist’s Russian Roulette, Gangrene’s Vodka & Ayahuasca, and Roc Marciano’s Reloaded all made the HipHopDX 2012 records of the year awards list., and were favorably reviewed in Complex Magazine. XXL singled out Roc Marciano’s Decon Records release, Reloaded, as the “Best Slept-On Album” of that year. Early album releases saw Decon working alongside Project Blowed and Okayplayer. In 2011, Decon earned recognition from Billboard as one of the 50 Best Indie Labels in America. | {
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enwiki-01569719-0000-0000 | DeconGel
DeconGel is a gel created by CBI Polymers INC used to clean up after chemical and nuclear disasters. The product has been tested by numerous agencies and organizations in Japan including first responders, nuclear power plant operators, and private companies. | {
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enwiki-01569719-0001-0000 | DeconGel, History
DeconGel was created by CBI Polymers INC in Honolulu, Hawaii in June of 2011. Since then it has been used commercially to clean up chemicals and nuclear waste. Most notably being in Japan after the Fukushima nuclear disaster after the March 11, 2011 earthquake and subsequent tsunami compromised reactors and cooling baths at TEPCO’s Daiichi Nuclear Power Station left high levels of radiation on the Asahimachi Baptist School Building. | {
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enwiki-01569719-0002-0000 | DeconGel, Formulation
While CBI Polymers has kept the full formulation a secret, The formula is a mix of Surfactants, Chelates, Thixotropy, Wetting Agents, Defoamer, Biocides and Buffers. | {
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enwiki-01569719-0003-0000 | DeconGel, Usage
DeconGel can encapsulate most radioactive isotopes such as H-3, C-14, F-18, I-125, I-131, Tc-99, TI-201, Tritiated-Thymadine and Transuranics such as Am-241, Pu-238, Pu-239, Pu-240, Pu-241, Pu-242, Cs-137, Cs-134, co-60, Mn-54, Fe-55, Ni-63, Ni-59, Sr-90 and C0-58 as well as most Toxic Industrial Chemical and Materials such as Meth lab wastes, Asbestos, PCB, Crude Oil, Antimony, Arsenic, Barium, Beryllium, Cadmium, Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Lead, Nickel, Selenium, Silver, Zinc, and Molybdenum. | {
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enwiki-01569719-0004-0000 | DeconGel, Usage
DeconGel has special properties that “wet out” a surface allowing the gel to penetrate into contiguous pores. Often contamination is considered “fixed” when in fact the contaminants are actually “loose” but trapped within pores, unable to be removed via common decontamination techniques. DeconGel can get within these pores and remove these contaminants making it appear that DeconGel has actually penetrated the substrate. | {
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enwiki-01569719-0005-0000 | DeconGel, Usage
DeconGel can be applied by brush, trowel (small hand-held or large stand-up trowel) or sprayer (sprayer and/or product may need to be modified to work). For small surface areas a paint brush, a small trowel or a hand-held sprayer can be used. For large complex surfaces, an industrial type sprayer may be more practical. For large horizontal surfaces, either a sprayer or a stand-up trowel may be used. | {
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enwiki-01569719-0006-0000 | DeconGel, Usage
When spraying DeconGel, multiple coats may be needed before peeling the gel from the surface. The thicker the dried gel is, the easier it is to remove from the surface. | {
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enwiki-01569720-0000-0000 | Deconcentration of attention
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Monkbot (talk | contribs) at 16:00, 5 January 2020 (→Current applications: Task 15: language icon template(s) replaced (2×);). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version. | {
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enwiki-01569720-0001-0000 | Deconcentration of attention
Deconcentration of attention is opposite to concentration and can be interpreted as a process of dismantling of the figures in the field of perception and transformation of the perceptual field into a uniform (in the sense that no individual elements could be construed as a perceptual figure) background. | {
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enwiki-01569720-0002-0000 | Deconcentration of attention, History
The term was introduced by Oleg Bakhtiyarov on the basis of research performed in the 1980s at the Kiev Institute of Psychology, USSR. Deconcentration of attention was originally developed "… as part of training programs for operators in the complex, uncertain, and extreme conditions". | {
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enwiki-01569720-0003-0000 | Deconcentration of attention, Current applications
The technique of deconcentration of attention is currently a part of psychonetics, a group of psychotechnologies aimed to provide access to various mind resources for practical applications. | {
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enwiki-01569720-0004-0000 | Deconcentration of attention, Current applications
Deconcentration is considered to be one of the basic functions of attention. Thus, it has a potential for applicability in various areas. There are attempts to adapt deconcentration of attention in sensory space to address psychological and physiological issues encountered in extreme sports, such as freediving. There are also attempts to adapt deconcentration of attention in mental space to help addressing complex problems in software engineering. | {
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enwiki-01569721-0000-0000 | Deconditioning
Deconditioning is adaptation of an organism to less demanding environment, or, alternatively, the decrease of physiological adaptation to normal conditions. Decondition may result from decreased physical activity, prescribed bed rest, orthopedic casting, paralysis, aging, etc. | {
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enwiki-01569721-0001-0000 | Deconditioning
A particular interest in the study of deconditioning is in aerospace medicine, to diagnose, fight, and prevent adverse effects of the conditions of space flight. | {
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enwiki-01569721-0002-0000 | Deconditioning
Deconditioning due to decreased physical effort results in muscle loss, including heart muscles. | {
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enwiki-01569721-0003-0000 | Deconditioning
Deconditioning due to lack of gravity or non-standard gravity action (e.g., during bed rest) results in abnormal distribution of body fluids. | {
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enwiki-01569722-0000-0000 | Deconfinement
In physics, deconfinement (in contrast to confinement) is a phase of matter in which certain particles are allowed to exist as free excitations, rather than only within bound states. | {
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enwiki-01569722-0001-0000 | Deconfinement, Examples
Various examples exist in particle physics where certain gauge theories exhibit transitions between confining and deconfining phases. | {
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enwiki-01569722-0002-0000 | Deconfinement, Examples
A prominent example, and the first case considered as such in theoretical physics, occurs at high energy in quantum chromodynamics when quarks and gluons are free to move over distances larger than a femtometer (the size of a hadron). This phase is also called the quark–gluon plasma. | {
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enwiki-01569722-0003-0000 | Deconfinement, Examples
These ideas have been adopted in many-body theory of matter with a distinguished example developed in the context fractional quantum Hall effect. | {
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enwiki-01569723-0000-0000 | Decongestant
A decongestant, or nasal decongestant, is a type of pharmaceutical drug that is used to relieve nasal congestion in the upper respiratory tract. The active ingredient in most decongestants is either pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine (the latter of which has disputed effectiveness). Intranasal corticosteroids can also be used as decongestants and antihistamines can be used to alleviate runny nose, nasal itch, and sneezing. | {
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enwiki-01569723-0001-0000 | Decongestant
Topical decongestants on topical application as dilute solution (0.05–0.1%) produce local vasoconstriction. | {
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enwiki-01569723-0002-0000 | Decongestant
Regular use of decongestants for long periods should be avoided because mucosal ciliary function is impaired: atrophic rhinitis and anosmia (loss of the sense of smell) can occur due to persistent vasoconstriction. | {
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enwiki-01569723-0003-0000 | Decongestant
Decongestants can be absorbed from the nose via an inhaler and produce systemic effects, mainly central nervous system stimulation and rise in blood pressure. These drugs should be used cautiously in hypertensives and in those receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), as they can cause hypertensive crisis. | {
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enwiki-01569723-0004-0000 | Decongestant
Expectorants such as guaifenesin are a related type of drug which help to clear mucus. | {
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enwiki-01569723-0005-0000 | Decongestant, Medical uses
Decongestants are used to treat nasal congestion, for instance in allergies, infections like the common cold, influenza, and sinus infection, and nasal polyps. | {
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enwiki-01569723-0006-0000 | Decongestant, Medical uses
A 2016 Cochrane review found insufficient evidence to support the use of intranasal corticosteroids in the relief of common cold symptoms; however, the review was based on three trials and the quality of the evidence was regarded as very low. | {
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enwiki-01569723-0007-0000 | Decongestant, Pharmacology
The vast majority of decongestants act via enhancing norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) or adrenergic activity by stimulating the α1-adrenergic receptor since they mediate vasoconstriction and constricting nasal vasculature causes decongestion of nasal mucosa. This induces vasoconstriction of the blood vessels in the nose, throat, and paranasal sinuses, which results in reduced inflammation (swelling) and mucus formation in these areas. | {
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enwiki-01569723-0008-0000 | Decongestant, Pharmacology
Decongestant nasal sprays and eye drops often contain oxymetazoline and are used for topical decongestion. Pseudoephedrine acts indirectly on the adrenergic receptor system, whereas phenylephrine and oxymetazoline are direct agonists. The effects are not limited to the nose, and these medicines may cause hypertension (high blood pressure) through vasoconstriction; it is for this reason that people with hypertension are advised to avoid them. Most decongestants, however, are not pronounced stimulants, due to lack of response from the other adrenoreceptors. Besides hypertension, common side-effects include sleeplessness, anxiety, dizziness, excitability, and nervousness. | {
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enwiki-01569723-0009-0000 | Decongestant, Pharmacology
Topical nasal or ophthalmic decongestants quickly develop tachyphylaxis (a rapid decrease in the response to a drug after repeated doses over a short period of time). Long-term use is not recommended since these agents lose effectiveness after a few days. | {
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enwiki-01569724-0000-0000 | Deconica
Deconica is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi in the family Strophariaceae. It was formerly considered synonymous with Psilocybe until molecular studies showed that genus to be polyphyletic, made of two major clades: one containing bluing, hallucinogenic species, the other non-bluing and non-hallucinogenic species. Deconica contains species formerly classified in the sections Deconica and Coprophila of Psilocybe. | {
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enwiki-01569724-0001-0000 | Deconica, Taxonomy
Until recently, Deconica was generally considered to be synonymous with Psilocybe, and was originally named as a subgenus of Agaricus by Worthington George Smith in 1870. It was later raised to generic level by Petter Karsten in 1879. However, several molecular studies published in the 2000s demonstrated that Psilocybe, as it was defined then, was polyphyletic. The studies supported the idea of dividing the genus into two clades, one consisting of the bluing, hallucinogenic species, and the other made of the non-bluing, non-hallucinogenic species. | {
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enwiki-01569724-0001-0001 | Deconica, Taxonomy
However, the generally accepted lectotype (a specimen later selected when the original author of a taxon name did not designate a type) of the genus as a whole was Psilocybe montana, a non-hallucinogenic species; if those forms of the species in the study were to be segregated, it would leave the hallucinogenic clade without a valid name. To resolve this taxonomical dilemma, it was proposed in 2005 to conserve the name Psilocybe, with P. semilanceata as the type, leaving the option to use Deconica as the name for the non-hallucinogenic clade. The proposal was accepted unanimously by the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi in 2009. Recently, it has been reported that the non-bluing Psilocybe fuscofulva does not produce hallucinogenic compounds. Thus, non-hallucinogenic species are also covered by the genus Psilocybe, not only Deconica. | {
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enwiki-01569724-0002-0000 | Deconica, Taxonomy
Deconica had previously been recognized as a separate genus by several authors, including Rolf Singer in 1951, Dennis and Orton in 1960, and Horak in 1979. | {
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enwiki-01569724-0003-0000 | Deconica, Species
Many species in Deconica were transferred there by mycologist Machiel Noordeloos in a 2009 publication. | {
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enwiki-01569725-0000-0000 | Deconica aequatoriae
Deconica aequatoriae is a species of mushroom in the family Strophariaceae found in Ecuador. | {
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enwiki-01569726-0000-0000 | Deconica alpestris
Deconica alpestris is a species of mushroom in the family Strophariaceae. Its holotype was found by Rolf Singer in 1979 growing on calcareous soil at an elevation of 1900 meters in the alps in Austria. | {
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enwiki-01569727-0000-0000 | Deconica angustispora
Deconica angustispora is a mushroom that was discovered in the late 1930s and formally described by A.H. Smith in 1946 as a species of Psilocybe. It is very small and has rarely been documented. | {
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enwiki-01569728-0000-0000 | Deconica aureicystidiata
Deconica aureicystidiata is a species of mushroom in the family Strophariaceae. It has been found in Mount Halimun Salak National Park and Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park in Java, Indonesia. | {
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enwiki-01569729-0000-0000 | Deconica coprophila
Deconica coprophila, commonly known as the dung-loving psilocybe, is a species of mushroom in the family Strophariaceae. First described as Agaricus coprophilus by Jean Baptiste François Pierre Bulliard in 1793, it was transferred to the genus Psilocybe by Paul Kummer in 1871. In the first decade of the 2000s, several molecular studies showed that the Psilocybe was polyphyletic, and the non-bluing (non-hallucinogenic) species were transferred to Deconica. | {
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enwiki-01569729-0001-0000 | Deconica coprophila
While non-toxic, the species is not a good edible mushroom. | {
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enwiki-01569730-0000-0000 | Deconica goniospora
Deconica goniospora is a species of mushroom in the family Strophariaceae. It is found in Sri Lanka. | {
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enwiki-01569731-0000-0000 | Deconica horizontalis
Deconica horizontalis is a species of agaric fungus in the family Strophariaceae. | {
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enwiki-01569731-0001-0000 | Deconica horizontalis
This Agaricales-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by . | {
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enwiki-01569732-0000-0000 | Deconica inquilina
Deconica inquilina is a species of mushroom in the family Strophariaceae. Formerly a member of the genus Psilocybe (well known for its psilocybin containing members), this species belonged to the non-blueing (non-hallucinogenic) clade and was consequently moved to Deconica in 2009. | {
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enwiki-01569732-0001-0000 | Deconica inquilina, Habitat and distribution
Deconica inquilina is found growing on decaying grass. It is very widely distributed, reported from North America, South America and Europe. | {
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enwiki-01569733-0000-0000 | Deconica montana
Deconica montana, commonly known as the mountain moss Psilocybe, is a common species of mushroom that is usually found growing in mossy areas, often in montane regions around the world. The appearance is that of a typical "little brown mushroom"—with a small, brown cap and a straight, thin stipe, growing separately or in clumps with others. | {
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enwiki-01569733-0001-0000 | Deconica montana, Taxonomy
Psilocybe montana was formerly the type species of the mushroom genus Psilocybe. Because it does not contain hallucinogenic tryptamine derivatives like psilocybin or psilocin, it does not stain blue when handled, unlike other typical hallucinogenic members of this genus. Molecular studies in the late 2000s revealed that the genus was polyphyletic and consisted of two distinct clades separating the blueing species from the non-blueing species. However, dividing the genus would be problematic as the name Psilocybe was attached to P. montana and consequently to the non-blueing clade, leaving the hallucinogenic species without a generic name. | {
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enwiki-01569733-0001-0001 | Deconica montana, Taxonomy
Because the name is widely associated with the hallucinogenic species and considering the potential legal ramifications of changing their generic name, a proposal was made to conserve the name Psilocybe with P. semilanceata as the type. This left Deconica available as a name for the non-blueing species. The proposal was unanimously accepted by the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi in 2009. | {
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enwiki-01569733-0002-0000 | Deconica montana, Description
The cap is 0.5–1.5 cm in diameter, initially convex in shape but flattening in age, sometimes with a broad umbo. The cap is moist, glabrous, hygrophanous, and has radial striations to the center; the color is brown to dark-brown. The gills are adnate to broadly adnate or sometimes very shortly decurrent, and of the same color as the cap. The stipe is 1.5–4 cm long, 1–2 mm thick, smooth, the same color as the cap, and brittle. Spores are typically 7.5–10 × 6–8 × 5–5.5 μm and ovate–lentiform in shape with a thickened wall. A large spored variety (spore dimensions of 8.5–11 × 6.0–8.5 × 5.0–7.0 μm), Psilocybe montana var. macrospora Noordel. & Verduin (1999), has also been reported from the Netherlands. The spore print is dark greyish brown. | {
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enwiki-01569733-0003-0000 | Deconica montana, Habitat
Deconica montana is saprobic, possibly also parasitic. It is often associated with mosses such as Brachythecium albicans, B. mutabulum, Campylopus introflexus, Ceratodon purpureus, Dicranum scoparium, Eurhynchium hians, E. praelongum, E. speciosum, Rhacomitrium canescens, Pohlia species or Polytrichum piliferum. It is commonly found in exposed situations such as dune-meadows, heaths and tree-less tundra, and open Pinus forests, usually on nutrient-poor, well-drained soil. | {
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enwiki-01569733-0004-0000 | Deconica montana, Distribution
The species has a worldwide, almost cosmopolitan distribution and has been reported from a variety of regions in a wide range of climates, including: | {
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enwiki-01569733-0005-0000 | Deconica montana, Distribution
They have also been reported growing in Chemnitz, Germany, on vegetation-covered flat roofs. | {
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enwiki-01569734-0000-0000 | Deconica neocaledonica
Deconica neocaledonica is a species of mushroom in the family Strophariaceae. It has been found in New Caledonia and in Mount Halimun Salak National Park in Java, Indonesia. It is very similar to Deconica aureicystidiata. | {
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enwiki-01569735-0000-0000 | Deconica neorhombispora
Deconica neorhombispora is a species of agaric fungus in the family Strophariaceae. It can be found in Brazil and Mexico. It was originally described from specimens found near San Bartolomé Ayautla, Oaxaca, Mexico as Naematoloma rhombisporum, then transferred to Hypholoma rhombispora. After this, it was transferred to Psilocybe neorhombispora because the name "Psilocybe rhombispora" was already occupied, but this species is now a synonym of Deconica phyllogena. Psilocybe neorhombispora was finally transferred to Deconica neorhombispora. Psilocybe subbrunneocystidiata was originally named as a new species of Psilocybe from Itapuã State Park in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The authors assigned it to Psilocybe section brunneocystidiatae with Psilocybe brunneocystidiata, Psilocybe neocaledonica and Psilocybe aureicystidiata. Psilocybe subbrunneocystidiata was found to be a synonym of Deconica neorhombispora. Psilocybe neocaledonica and Psilocybe aureicystidiata were also found to belong in Deconica. | {
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enwiki-01569736-0000-0000 | Deconica pegleriana
Deconica pegleriana is a species of mushroom in the family Strophariaceae. It can be found in Mexico, Thailand, India, Papua New Guinea, the Southeastern United States and South America. | {
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enwiki-01569737-0000-0000 | Deconica pseudobullacea
Deconica pseudobullacea is a species of mushroom in the family Strophariaceae. | {
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enwiki-01569738-0000-0000 | Deconica semiinconspicua
Deconica semiinconspicua is a mushroom native to the state of Washington in the United States. The mushroom is small, rare, difficult to see and, according to Guzmán and Trappe (2005), stains blue where damaged. However, Ramírez-Cruz et al. (2012) state that it is "without a really observable bluing reaction". It was described as a psychoactive species of Psilocybe in section Semilanceatae, but Ramírez-Cruz et al. (2012) found that its macroscopic and microscopic morphological features and its DNA sequence, which Ramírez-Cruz et al. did not publish, were a better match for Deconica. Ramírez-Cruz et al. (2012) also stated that it is very similar to Deconica montana. It can be mistaken for Psilocybe silvatica and can be distinguished by its more conic cap, narrower spores and narrower cheilocystidia. | {
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enwiki-01569738-0001-0000 | Deconica semiinconspicua
This mushroom is only known from the type locality where it was found on July 22, 1987 at Glacier Peak Wilderness Area in Wentachee National Forest, Washington, USA. | {
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enwiki-01569738-0002-0000 | Deconica semiinconspicua, Description, Cap
The cap is 7–12 mm and convex, becoming nearly plane in age. It is hygrophanous, has a smooth surface, and is olive black when moist, fading to brownish orange or dark reddish brown as it dries. | {
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enwiki-01569738-0003-0000 | Deconica semiinconspicua, Description, Gills
The gills are Adnate light grayish brown at first, turning dark purple as the spores mature. | {
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enwiki-01569738-0004-0000 | Deconica semiinconspicua, Description, Spores
Deconica semiinconspicua spores are 8–10 x 5–7 µm, subovoid to ellipsoid, thick-walled, and yellowish brown to dark purple brown in deposit. | {
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enwiki-01569738-0005-0000 | Deconica semiinconspicua, Description, Stipe
The stipe is 15–20 x 2 mm, hollow, has an equal width, and is white with whitish or brownish floccose scales, drying to a reddish brown. It stains blue near the base according to Guzmán and Trappe (2005). Ramírez-Cruz et al. (2012) state that it is "without a really observable bluing reaction". | {
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enwiki-01569738-0006-0000 | Deconica semiinconspicua, Description, Microscopic features
The basidia of Deconica semiinconspicua have four spores each. The cheilocystidia are sublageniform and 24–30 x 6–8 µm. No pleurocystidia have been observed. Clamp connections are present. | {
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enwiki-01569738-0007-0000 | Deconica semiinconspicua, Habitat
Deconica semiinconspicua is gregarious in small groups among shrubs on a creek bank. | {
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enwiki-01569739-0000-0000 | Deconica thailandensis
Deconica thailandensis is a species of mushroom in the family Strophariaceae. It is found in Thailand. | {
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enwiki-01569740-0000-0000 | Deconica umbrina
Deconica umbrina is a species of mushroom in the family Strophariaceae. | {
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enwiki-01569741-0000-0000 | Deconinck
Deconinck is a Dutch and Belgian surname. Notable people with the surname include: | {
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enwiki-01569742-0000-0000 | Deconsecration
Deconsecration, also called secularization, is the act of removing a religious blessing from something that had been previously consecrated by a minister or priest of that religion. The practice is usually performed on churches or synagogues to be rendered to non-religious (secular) use or demolished. | {
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enwiki-01569743-0000-0000 | Deconstructeam
Deconstructeam is a Spanish video game developer based in Valencia. Founded in March 2012 by Jordi de Paco, it is best known for developing Gods Will Be Watching (2014) and The Red Strings Club (2018), both published by Devolver Digital, which became their publisher after the 26th Ludum Dare game jam. The company made a notable leap after that moment, reaching more than 20,000 € in crowdfunding platform Indiegogo and becoming one of the most relevant independent video game company located in Spain during the mid and late 2010s. | {
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enwiki-01569744-0000-0000 | Deconstructed (Bush album)
Deconstructed is a remix album by British band Bush, released on 11 November 1997, through Trauma Records. It did not feature any new material but was a collaborative effort between the band and various producers working in the electronic genre of music to remix some of the band's previously released songs. "Mouth (The Stingray Mix)" was released as a single in 1997 and became a minor hit, due largely in part to it being featured prominently in both the trailer and the 1997 film An American Werewolf in Paris. | {
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enwiki-01569744-0001-0000 | Deconstructed (Bush album)
Three tracks from this album, "Mouth (The Stingray Mix)", "Everything Zen (The Lhasa Fever Mix)", and "Swallowed (The Goldie/Both Sides Toasted Please Mix)" also appear on Bush's 2005 greatest hits compilation, The Best of '94–'99. | {
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enwiki-01569744-0002-0000 | Deconstructed (Bush album)
In a 1997 interview with NY Rock, Gavin Rossdale noted the development of Deconstructed: | {
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