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wikipedia_subreddits

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13fla8o

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Kurma-the-Turtle

jjvv232

[{"role": "system", "content": "\"The captain goes down with the ship\" is a maritime tradition that a sea captain holds the ultimate responsibility for both the ship and everyone embarked on it, and in an emergency they will devote their time to save those on board or die trying. Although often connected to the sinking of RMS Titanic in 1912 and its captain, Edward Smith, the tradition precedes Titanic by several years. In most instances, captains forgo their own rapid departure of a ship in distress, and concentrate instead on saving other people. It often results in either the death or belated rescue of the captain as the last person on board."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The captain goes down with the ship is a maritime tradition that a sea captain holds ultimate responsibility for both their ship and everyone embarked on it, and in an emergency will either save those on board or die trying.\n\n[The captain goes down with the ship - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_captain_goes_down_with_the_ship)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "\"Captain is the last one off a sinking ship\" is more accurate, but doesn't quite have the same ring to it"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Yes, the captain going down with the ship is always misunderstood as meaning that the Captain must die in an emergency. If every other person has been evacuated it's perfectly fine and actually preferable that the captain is saved as well.", "name": "Catherine"}]

110aa9h

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SurrealistGal

j89akeb

[{"role": "system", "content": "Saccorhytus (from Latin saccus \"bag\" and Ancient Greek ῥύτις rhytis \"wrinkle\") is an extinct genus of animal possibly belonging to the superphylum Ecdysozoa, and it is represented by a single species, Saccorhytus coronarius (from Latin attributive coronarius \"[of a] crown\"). The organism lived approximately 540 million years ago in the beginning of the Cambrian period. Initially proposed as a deuterostome, which would make it the oldest known species of this superphylum, it has since been determined to belong to a protostome group called the ecdysozoans.Fossils of the species were first discovered in the Kuanchuanpu Formation of Shaanxi province of China by a team of scientists from the United Kingdom, China and Germany, and the findings were first published in January 2017."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Saccorhytus, an extinct animal genus which lived about 540 million years ago. Absolutely bizarre looking.\n\n[Saccorhytus - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccorhytus)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "it possibly consumed food and excreted it out of the same orifice.. ew. these lil evil beans are kinda cute but also disgusting.", "name": "Valerie"}, {"role": "user", "content": "The common ancestor for all animals also had a single orifice for eating and excretion, and many species alive today still retain this feature", "name": "Laura"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Politicians??", "name": "Carlos"}]

jn2cl1

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snowtime1

gaz5bbz

[{"role": "system", "content": "The term physics envy is used to criticize modern writing and research of academics working in areas such as \"softer sciences\", liberal arts, business administration education, humanities, and social sciences. The term argues that writing and working practices in these disciplines have overused confusing jargon and complicated mathematics to seem more 'rigorous' and like heavily mathematics-based natural science subjects like physics."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Physics envy is a phrase used to criticize modern writing of academics working in areas such as \"softer sciences\", liberal arts, business studies and humanities. The term argues that writing and working practices in these disciplines have overused confusing jargon and complicated math\n\n[Physics envy - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics_envy)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Academic drama is the only drama that one can feel no shame consuming."}, {"role": "user", "content": "Even when I'm reading papers that are way outside my field, I can tell when someone is trying really hard to sound smart, and when an author makes genuine effort to clearly communicate their ideas. Of course some articles are just poorly written, and some are geared towards the public, but we both know reading your paper shouldn't make me feel like I'm studying for the vocab section of the GRE.", "name": "Brendan"}]

6t8ny5

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Yunk21

dlj0eqj

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# Lockheed Martin accidentally dropped a NASA satellite while turning it sideways, causing $135M in damages. Lockheed picked up $30M of the tab, taxpayers, $105M.\n\n[NOAA-19 - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOAA-19?damage)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "It also says they agreed to forfeit all profits from the project, so who knows how the numbers wound up in the end. ", "name": "Crystal"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Exactly, completely false title.", "name": "Kathryn"}]

l9eu4o

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blankblank

glj6gre

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# Brandolini's Law (aka the bullshit asymmetry principle): \"The amount of energy needed to refute bullshit is an order of magnitude larger than to produce it.\"\n\n[Brandolini's law - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brandolini%27s_law)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "And don't think bullshitters don't know it.\n\nIt's become increasingly clear that refuting it is pointless, particularly since bullshitters never argue in good faith. It has to be removed by other means.", "name": "Grant"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Good faith discussion only works when the other person is also arguing in good faith, this is why you should deplatform nazis not try to prove them wrong. They have an infinite amount of bullshit and dog whistles to throw around and you could spend the rest of your life debunking it and you would still not be done (while they are still gaining influence and legitimization because you make it seem like they are just a different opinion rather than a hate group).\n\n[Just gonna leave this here for good measure](https://miro.medium.com/max/800/1*TnDoAk0BjC7x4OuBISbYCw.jpeg).", "name": "Jayla"}]

p0gl5u

t5_2qh3b

somnum_osseus

h86ymnw

[{"role": "system", "content": "Bushisms are unconventional statements, phrases, pronunciations, malapropisms, as well as semantic or linguistic errors in the public speaking of George W. Bush, the 43rd President of the United States. Common characteristics include malapropisms, the creation of neologisms, spoonerisms, stunt words and ungrammatical subject–verb agreement."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Bushisms are unconventional statements, phrases, pronunciations, Freudian slips, malapropisms, and semantic or linguistic errors in the public speaking of the 43rd President of the United States George W. Bush.\n\n[Bushism - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushism?wprov=sfla1)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "What are Trumpisms then?", "name": "William"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Bold-faced lies with an undercurrent of utter insanity", "name": "Jason"}]

y8en1o

t5_7811nr

slinkslowdown

it05ljn

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Burdizzo is the name brand of a company that makes a castration device which employs a large clamp designed to break the blood vessels leading into the testicles. Once the blood supply to the testicles is lost, testicular necrosis occurs, and the testicles shrink, soften, and eventually deteriorate completely. When the device is used, the operator crushes the spermatic cords one at a time, leaving a space in between in order to prevent an interruption of blood-flow to the scrotum."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Burdizzo is a brand of castration device which employs a large clamp designed to break the blood vessels leading into the testicles. Although intended for livestock, they have also been used by some humans as a means of self-castration.\n\n[Burdizzo - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burdizzo)"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": ">Once the blood supply to the testicles is lost, testicular necrosis occurs, and the testicles shrink, soften, and eventually deteriorate completely. When the device is used, the operator crushes the spermatic cords one at a time, leaving a space in between in order to prevent an interruption of blood-flow to the scrotum."}, {"role": "user", "content": "Ah fuck this was painful to read.", "name": "Summer"}]

iklv4e

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bdog556

g3muwf7

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# Julius Streicher was a Nazi party member, known for his publishing of the anti-Semitic newspaper Der Strmer, as well as anti-Semitic books for children. He was executed following the Nuremberg trials for inciting genocide.\n\n[Julius Streicher - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Streicher?wprov=sfti1)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Redditors be like \"executed just for some words? Yikes.\"", "name": "Mckenzie"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Yea. Even in the countries with the most freedom of speech, incitement to violence has always been an exception.\n\nOtherwise you could argue that paying a hitman to kill someone would be legal. After all, without assigning culpability to the exchanged words themselves, you just decided to pay someone money and they happened to commit a crime.", "name": "Alejandro"}]

hmtn0w

t5_2umfr

popmagpie

fx82tex

[{"role": "system", "content": "Closed-circuit television (CCTV), also known as video surveillance, is the use of video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors. It differs from broadcast television in that the signal is not openly transmitted, though it may employ point-to-point (P2P), point-to-multipoint (P2MP), or mesh wired or wireless links. Even though almost all video cameras fit this definition, the term is most often applied to those used for surveillance in areas that require additional security or ongoing monitoring (Videotelephony is seldom called \"CCTV\").\nSurveillance of the public using CCTV is common in many areas around the world. Video surveillance has generated significant debate about balancing its use with individuals' right to privacy even when in public.In industrial plants, CCTV equipment may be used to observe parts of a process from a central control room, especially if the environments observed are dangerous or inaccessible to humans. CCTV systems may operate continuously or only as required to monitor a particular event. A more advanced form of CCTV, using digital video recorders (DVRs), provides recording for possibly many years, with a variety of quality and performance options and extra features (such as motion detection and email alerts). More recently, decentralized IP cameras, perhaps equipped with megapixel sensors, support recording directly to network-attached storage devices, or internal flash for completely stand-alone operation.\nBy one estimate, there will be approximately 1 billion surveillance cameras in use worldwide by 2021. About 65% of these cameras are installed in Asia. The growth of CCTV has been slowing in recent years. The deployment of this technology has facilitated significant growth in state surveillance, a substantial rise in the methods of advanced social monitoring and control, and a host of crime prevention measures throughout the world.\n\nCorrie McKeague (16 September 1993 – 24 September 2016) went missing in the early hours of 24 September 2016 in the Bury St Edmunds area of Suffolk, England. Before disappearing, he worked as a Royal Air Force Regiment gunner.\nMcKeague was last seen, on town centre CCTV footage, entering a cul-de-sac which contained a number of wheelie bins. His mobile phone was tracked by masts along a route between Bury St Edmunds and a landfill site near Barton Mills. Suffolk Constabulary were initially reluctant to search the site for McKeague's remains because a bin lorry that had travelled that route at that time had been estimated to have been carrying a load of only 15 kilograms (33 lb). In March 2017, however, the police discovered that the lorry had a significantly larger weight; more than 100 kilograms (220 lb).\nMcKeague's disappearance remained under investigation and the case attracted widespread publicity, with the authorities believing that he was crushed to death by the bin lorry and that his remains were somewhere at the Barton Mills landfill site.\nSuffolk Constabulary spent more than £2.1 million investigating McKeague's disappearance, making it one of the most expensive missing persons investigations that the force has conducted and, in the words of Suffolk police, one that brought unique pressures on the force. The search for McKeague was stood down in March 2018, and an inquest in March 2022 concluded that he had died, after climbing into a commercial waste bin, as a result of \"compression asphyxia in association with multiple injuries\"."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Disappearance of Corrie McKeague - most likely fell asleep in a wheelie bin and was taken to a landfill where he was crushed to death, indicated by CCTV images, mobile data, and the registered weight of the waste load\n\n[Death of Corrie McKeague - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disappearance_of_Corrie_McKeague)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "> On 10 October, a dismembered and burned body was found in a suitcase off theA628 roadnearTintwistleinDerbyshire. Initial investigations led police to state that the body was that of a white man under the age of 50. ADNA analysis, however, later proved negative andDerbyshire Constabularyconfirmed that the body was not that of McKeague.[34]\n\nThat's a bit of a concerning thing to find unrelated to the investigation...\n\nBut anyway this whole case is really sad. It sounds like the Mother is having trouble accepting the reality since there's no closure.", "name": "Lydia"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I cant begin to imagine coping with such an unnecessary death of my child.. accidental death, suicide, whatever, I get why the parents are always looking for someone/something else to blame than they died and theres nothing to do about it", "name": "Kiara"}]

p11o6m

t5_2umfr

Kurma-the-Turtle

h8f7g8d

[{"role": "system", "content": "A fasting girl was one of a number of young Victorian era girls, usually pre-adolescent, who claimed to be able to survive over indefinitely long periods of time without consuming any food or other nourishment. In addition to refusing food, fasting girls claimed to have special religious or magical powers.\nThe ability to survive without nourishment was attributed to some saints during the Middle Ages, including Catherine of Siena and Lidwina of Schiedam, and regarded as a miracle and a sign of sanctity. Numerous cases of fasting girls were reported in the late 19th century. Believers regarded such cases as miraculous.In some cases, the fasting girls also exhibited the appearance of stigmata. Doctors, however, such as William A. Hammond ascribed the phenomenon to fraud and hysteria on the part of the girl. Historian Joan Jacobs Brumberg believes the phenomenon to be an early example of anorexia nervosa."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# A fasting girl was one of a number of young Victorian era girls who claimed to be able to survive over indefinitely long periods of time without consuming any food or other nourishment. In addition to refusing food, fasting girls claimed to have special religious or magical powers\n\n[Fasting girl - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasting_girl)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[deleted]"}, {"role": "user", "content": "They weren't fine with it, they told the parents to feed her and the parents refused. Im not sure if anyone had the authority to override the parents, but both the Vicar and doctors were telling them she needed to eat.", "name": "Richard"}]

gy1lvz

t5_2umfr

squiddog23

ft7y8d9

[{"role": "system", "content": "Darren Rainey (January 12, 1962 – June 23, 2012) died at the Dade Correctional Institution (Dade CI) in unincorporated Miami-Dade County, Florida, on June 23, 2012. The prison is in proximity to Florida City, and is south of Homestead.\nIn 2014, Dade CI prisoner Mark Joiner accused prison authorities of fatally torturing prisoner Darren Rainey, who was mentally ill, by scalding him in a shower.On the night of his death, the 50-year-old Rainey, (DOC#060954), had served just a few months of a two-year prison sentence. About 7:30 p.m he allegedly defecated in his cell and smeared feces on himself and on the walls. Guards reportedly put him in the shower with improvised plumbing, telling him they would not let him out until he cleaned himself. According to the state attorney’s report, Rainey refused to stand under the steaming hot water. He was found dead about two hours later, lying face up and covered with red patches which appeared to be burns.Originally, the police classified the death as unexplained, and the DOC did not punish any staff until the warden was fired two years later. Two officers on duty at the time of the death later received promotions. The police began interviewing witnesses after the Miami Herald obtained public records and made a visit to the prison. After filing a lawsuit, the family received a settlement in the matter of Rainey's death."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Death of Darren Rainey a mentally ill prisoner who was locked in a burning hot shower for two hours and died from extensive burns\n\n[Death of Darren Rainey - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Darren_Rainey)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Oh it wasnt at the hands of other inmates...it was the guards that tortured him to death. Huh.", "name": "Riley"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "Yes it was the guards and other inmates had reported this kind of assault. They havent faced any charges"}]

njcono

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blankblank

gz85u4v

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Silent Generation, also known as the Traditionalist Generation, is the Western demographic cohort following the Greatest Generation and preceding the baby boomers. The generation is generally defined as people born from 1928 to 1945. By this definition and U.S. Census data, there were 23 million Silents in the United States as of 2019.In the United States, the Great Depression of the 1930s and World War II in the early-to-mid 1940s caused people to have fewer children and as a result, the generation is comparatively small. It includes most of those who fought during the Korean War. Upon coming of age in the postwar era, Silents were sometimes characterized as trending towards conformity and traditionalism, as well as comprising the \"silent majority\". However, they have also been noted as forming the leadership of the civil rights movement and the 1960s counterculture, and creating the rock and roll music of the 1950s and 1960s.In the United Kingdom, the Silent Generation was also born during a period of relatively low birthrates for similar reasons to the United States and was quite traditional upon coming of age. They lived through times of prosperity as young adults, economic upheaval in middle age, and relative comfort in later life. The Sixtiers is a similar age group in the Soviet Union whose upbringings were also heavily influenced by the troubles of the mid-20th century. The term \"the builders\" has been used to describe a similar cohort in Australia. Most people of the Silent Generation are the parents of Generation X and younger baby boomers. Their own parents most commonly belonged to either the Greatest Generation or the Lost Generation."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Silent Generation, born between 1928 and 1945, was comparatively small because the Great Depression and WWII caused people to have fewer children. They are noted as forming the leadership of the civil rights movement and creating the rock and roll music of the 1950s and 1960s.\n\n[Silent Generation - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silent_Generation)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "And the parents of a large number of Gen X. Which is why it was also called the Baby Bust generation.", "name": "Angel"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Gen X here- parents were Silent Generation", "name": "Andrew"}]

mtzibr

t5_2qh3b

BETHINAETHNIC

gv3cd9b

[{"role": "system", "content": "Kane Tanaka (田中 カ子, Tanaka Kane, née Ōta (太田); 2 January 1903 – 19 April 2022) was a Japanese supercentenarian who, until her death at the age of 119 years and 107 days, was the world's oldest verified living person following the death of Chiyo Miyako on 22 July 2018. She is the oldest verified Japanese person and the second-oldest verified person ever, after Jeanne Calment."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Kane Tanaka, the oldest person currently alive, was born before the Wright brothers flew. As of today (April 19th), she is the only human ever to exist during the first powered flights on both Earth and Mars.\n\n[Kane Tanaka - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kane_Tanaka)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Would be cool if she lives to 125.", "name": "Evelyn"}, {"role": "user", "content": "She has stated she wants to live to 120, and she'll only be the second person in history to do so if she does. She'd have to live to 122 (+108 days) to beat Jeanne Calment. She's now the third oldest person to have ever lived, of the billions of humans before her.", "name": "Kaleb"}]

z511f5

t5_7811nr

slinkslowdown

ixtpmnf

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Peach emoji (🍑) is a fruit emoji depicting a pinkish-orange peach. The emoji is noted for its resemblance to human buttocks, owing to the center crease, and is consequently frequently used as a euphemism for such on social media. Often paired with the eggplant emoji (🍆), the peach more often represents female."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The emoji is commonly used to represent buttocks or even female genitalia. Cosmopolitan ranked the peach emoji as 11th \"horniest emoji\".\n\n[Peach emoji - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peach_emoji)"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": ">In 2016, Apple Inc. brought back the peach emoji and attempted to redesign the emoji to less resemble buttocks [...] but this was mostly met with fierce backlash in beta testing and Apple reversed its decision by the time it went live to the public."}]

p7ohm5

t5_2umfr

somnum_osseus

h9mkmwi

[{"role": "system", "content": "Mark Anthony Tildesley (31 August 1976 – 1 June 1984) was a seven-year-old English child who disappeared on 1 June 1984 whilst visiting a funfair in Wokingham, Berkshire. A widespread search of the Wokingham area, involving both police officers and British Army soldiers, did not locate him. Thames Valley Police initially suspected that his body was buried near Wellington Road in Wokingham, near the funfair from which he was abducted, but they now believe that he was probably buried in a shallow grave on abandoned farmland.To publicise Tildesley's disappearance, a national poster campaign was launched, with one displayed in every police station in the country. The disappearance was publicised in national news and was featured in the premiere episode Crimewatch UK. Despite a massive public response, however, Tildesley was still not located.In 1989, Tildesley's disappearance was linked to the Operation Orchid investigation into missing children. In 1990 as part of this investigation, it emerged that on the night he disappeared, Tildesley had been abducted, drugged, tortured, raped and murdered by a London-based paedophile gang led by Sidney Cooke. A member of the gang, Leslie Bailey, was charged with murder in 1991 and was given two life sentences after pleading guilty to manslaughter the following year; he was murdered in prison in 1993.A memorial service for Tildesley was held and a memorial bench placed at the entrance to the fairground site. A headstone was also placed in a nearby burial ground."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Mark Tildesley disappeared after visiting a fair in his hometown in 1984. In 1990, it emerged that he had been tortured and murdered by a London based pedophile gang. Gang member Leslie Bailey admitted to the murder, and was given two life sentences. He was killed in prison in 1993.\n\n[Murder of Mark Tildesley - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Mark_Tildesley?wprov=sfla1)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Glad he was murdered", "name": "Mariah"}, {"role": "user", "content": "should have probably clarified that you were talking about the gang member.. for a second i was like WHAT?!!!!", "name": "Nicolas"}]

w0x3p8

t5_2qh3b

First_Level_Ranger

igioq91

[{"role": "system", "content": "Savita Halappanavar (née Savita Andanappa Yalagi; 9 September 1981 – 28 October 2012) was a dentist of Indian origin, living in Ireland, who died from sepsis after her request for an abortion was denied on legal grounds. In the wake of a nationwide outcry over her death, voters passed in a landslide the Thirty-Sixth Amendment of the Constitution, which repealed the Eighth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland and empowered the Oireachtas to legislate for abortion. It did so through the Health (Regulation of Termination of Pregnancy) Act 2018, signed into law on 20 December 2018."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Savita Halappanavar (1981-2012) was a dentist in Ireland. When she was 17 weeks pregnant, it was determined that miscarriage was unavoidable, but her request for an abortion was refused because Irish law forbade abortion if a fetal heartbeat was still present. She then developed sepsis and died.\n\n[Death of Savita Halappanavar - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Savita_Halappanavar)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "This is currently happening in Texas. It is not safe to be a woman in the red states.", "name": "Sabrina"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[deleted]"}, {"role": "user", "content": "People with disposable income can travel, poor people can't.", "name": "Karen"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[deleted]"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Not if you're dying of sepsis.", "name": "Marco"}]

102uao7

t5_2umfr

slinkslowdown

j2wpy0a

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# Nbrk are a pair of pants made from the skin of a dead human, which are believed in Icelandic witchcraft to be capable of producing an endless supply of money.\n\n[Nábrók - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1br%C3%B3k)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I like that the wiki comes with a description on how to make my own pants!", "name": "Diana"}, {"role": "user", "content": "> If you want to make your own necropants (literally; nbrk), you have to get permission from a living man to use his skin after his death.\n\nAny advice on how I can approach this conversation with a friend? Im always nervous to bring it up.", "name": "Amy"}]

18r7xng

t5_2qh3b

Astrocyde

kezs0r4

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Samson Option (Hebrew: ברירת שמשון, b'rerat shimshon) is Israel's deterrence strategy of massive retaliation with nuclear weapons as a \"last resort\" against a country whose military has invaded and/or destroyed much of Israel. Commentators also have employed the term to refer to situations where non-nuclear, non-Israeli actors have threatened conventional weapons retaliation, such as Yasser Arafat.The name is a reference to the biblical Israelite judge Samson who pushed apart the pillars of a Philistine temple, bringing down the roof and killing himself and thousands of Philistines who had captured him, crying out \"Let me die with the Philistines!\" (Judges 16:30)."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Samson Option (Hebrew: , b'rerat shimshon) is the name that some military analysts and authors have given to Israel's deterrence strategy of massive retaliation with nuclear weapons as a \"last resort\" against a country whose military has invaded and/or destroyed much of Israel.\n\n[Samson Option - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samson_Option)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "By 8 October, Israel had encountered military difficulties on both fronts. In the Sinai, Israeli efforts to break through Egyptian lines with armor had been thwarted, and while Israel had contained and begun to turn back the Syrian advance, Syrian forces were still overlooking the Jordan River and their air defense systems were inflicting a high toll on Israeli planes. It became clear by 9 October that no quick reversal in Israel's favor would occur and that IDF losses were unexpectedly high.\n\nDuring the night of 89 October, an alarmed Dayan told Meir that \"this is the end of the third temple. \"He was warning of Israel's impending total defeat, but \"Temple\" was also the code word for Israel's nuclear weapons. Dayan raised the nuclear topic in a cabinet meeting, warning that the country was approaching a point of \"last resort\".That night, Meir authorized the assembly of thirteen 20-kiloton-of-TNT (84 TJ) tactical nuclear weapons for Jericho missiles at Sdot Micha Airbase and F-4 Phantom II aircraft at Tel Nof Airbase.They would be used if absolutely necessary to prevent total defeat, but the preparation was done in an easily detectable way, likely as a signal to the United States. Kissinger learned of the nuclear alert on the morning of 9 October. That day, President Nixon ordered the commencement of Operation Nickel Grass, an American airlift to replace all of Israel's material losses.\n\nI find the wars in the area to be super interesting."}, {"role": "user", "content": "Wait so basically, Israel prepared nukes for America to see, and America was like ok guys wait a minute Ill help you?", "name": "Collin"}]

duunj

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BadgeredWitness

c133g9g

[{"role": "system", "content": "Carlos Ray \"Chuck\" Norris (born March 10, 1940) is an American martial artist and actor. He is a black belt in Tang Soo Do, Brazilian jiu jitsu and judo. After serving in the United States Air Force, Norris won many martial arts championships and later founded his own discipline, Chun Kuk Do. Shortly after, in Hollywood, Norris trained celebrities in martial arts. Norris went on to appear in a minor role in the spy film The Wrecking Crew (1969). Friend and fellow martial artist Bruce Lee invited him to play one of the main villains in The Way of the Dragon (1972). While Norris continued acting, friend and student Steve McQueen suggested he take it seriously. Norris took the starring role in the action film Breaker! Breaker! (1977), which turned a profit. His second lead, Good Guys Wear Black (1978), became a hit, and he soon became a popular action film star.\nNorris went on to star in a streak of bankable independently made action and martial arts films, with A Force of One (1979), The Octagon (1980), and An Eye for an Eye (1981). This made Norris an international celebrity. He went on to make studio films like Silent Rage (1982) with Columbia, Forced Vengeance (1982) with MGM, and Lone Wolf McQuade (1983) with Orion. This led Cannon Films to sign Norris into a multiple film deal, starting with Missing in Action (1984), which proved to be very successful and launched a trilogy. Norris started to work almost exclusively on high-profile action films with Cannon, becoming its leading star during the 1980s. Films with Cannon include Invasion U.S.A (1985), The Delta Force (1986), and Firewalker (1986), among others. Apart from the Cannon films, Norris made Code of Silence (1985), which was received as one of his best films. In the 1990s, he played the title role in the long-running CBS television series Walker, Texas Ranger from 1993 until 2001. Until 2006, Norris continued taking lead roles in action movies, including Delta Force 2 (1990), The Hitman (1991), Sidekicks (1992), Forest Warrior (1996), and The President's Man (2000) and its sequel (2002). His most recent film appearance to date was in The Expendables 2 (2012).\nThroughout his film and TV career, Norris diversified from his regular endeavors. He is a noted writer, having penned books on martial arts, exercise, philosophy, politics, Christianity, Western fiction, and biography. He was twice a New York Times bestselling author, first with his book on his personal philosophy of positive force and the psychology of self-improvement based on personal anecdotes called The Secret of Inner Strength: My Story (1988). His second New York Times bestseller, Black Belt Patriotism: How to Reawaken America (2008), is about his critique of current issues in the United States. Norris also appeared in several commercials endorsing several products, most notably being one of the main spokespersons for the Total Gym infomercials. In 2005, Norris found new fame on the Internet when Chuck Norris facts became an Internet meme documenting humorous, fictional, and often absurd feats of strength and endurance. Although Norris himself did not produce the \"facts\", he was hired to endorse many products that incorporated Chuck Norris facts in advertising. The phenomenon resulted in six books (two of them New York Times bestsellers), two video games, and several appearances on talk shows, such as Late Night with Conan O'Brien, in which he read the facts or participated in sketches."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# TIL Chuck Norris is kind of a homophobic, bible-toting republican gun-nut who uses his celebrity status to promote his ideas. Can we please replace all further Chuck Norris badassery references with the more savoury Dolph Lundgren? \n\n[Chuck Norris - Wikipedia](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck_Norris#Personal_life)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Amen. Lundgren has a masters in chemical engineering, received a Fulbright scholarship to MIT and speaks Swedish, English, Spanish, some German, some French, some Japanese, and some Italian. Chuck Norris could be his pet.", "name": "Valerie"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I highly doubt that Dolph would keep such a shitty pet.", "name": "Alex"}]

o84ft2

t5_2umfr

redhottx0x

h343b1r

[{"role": "system", "content": "Bluebelle was a 60-foot (18 m) twin-masted sailing ketch based out of Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The ship was scuttled following an act of mass murder by the ship's captain, Julian Harvey, on November 12, 1961. Harvey died by suicide on November 17 within hours of receiving news that 11-year-old Terry Jo Duperrault had survived the scuttling. She had been rescued at sea three and a half days after the incident, having drifted upon a small cork dinghy without food, water, or shelter for approximately 82 hours.Terry Jo's survival led to her becoming known within international media as the \"Sea Waif\" and the \"Sea Orphan\"."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Terri Jo Duperrault was found floating on a cork float after being at sea for 4 days with no food or water. Sharks were circling her raft when she was found.\n\n[Bluebelle (ship) - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluebelle_(ship))"}, {"role": "user", "content": "The murderer was 44 years old and was on his SIXTH marriage! My god talk about a walking red flag why would any woman marry this man after the third wife? Id be very worried if one of my friends considered a relationship with someone like this."}, {"role": "user", "content": "This case has been mentioned before, and this has been brought up before, but I think it's very likely that he probably just didn't tell the previous wives.", "name": "Hector"}]

inp6gl

t5_2qh3b

slinkslowdown

g49paz8

[{"role": "system", "content": "New York, often called New York City or simply NYC, is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each of which is coextensive with a respective county. It is a global city and a cultural, financial, high-tech, entertainment, and media center with a significant influence on commerce, health care, scientific output, life sciences, research, technology, education, politics, tourism, dining, art, fashion, and sports. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy, and is sometimes described as the world's most important city and the capital of the world.With an estimated population in 2022 of 8,335,897 distributed over 300.46 square miles (778.2 km2), the city is the most densely populated major city in the United States. New York has more than double the population of Los Angeles, the nation's second-most populous city. New York is the geographical and demographic center of both the Northeast megalopolis and the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the U.S. by both population and urban area. With more than 20.1 million people in its metropolitan statistical area and 23.5 million in its combined statistical area as of 2020, New York City is one of the world's most populous megacities. The city and its metropolitan area are the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. In 2021, the city was home to nearly 3.1 million residents born outside the U.S., the largest foreign-born population of any city in the world.New York City traces its origins to Fort Amsterdam and a trading post founded on the southern tip of Manhattan Island by Dutch colonists in approximately 1624. The settlement was named New Amsterdam (Dutch: Nieuw Amsterdam) in 1626 and was chartered as a city in 1653. The city came under English control in 1664 and was renamed New York after King Charles II granted the lands to his brother, the Duke of York. The city was temporarily regained by the Dutch in July 1673 and was renamed New Orange; however, the city has been named New York since November 1674. New York City was the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. The modern city was formed by the 1898 consolidation of its five boroughs: Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, The Bronx, and Staten Island, and has been the largest U.S. city ever since.\nAnchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City has been called both the world's premier financial and fintech center and the most economically powerful city in the world. As of 2022, the New York metropolitan area is the largest metropolitan economy in the world with a gross metropolitan product of over US$2.16 trillion. If the New York metropolitan area were its own country, it would have the tenth-largest economy in the world. The city is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by market capitalization of their listed companies: the New York Stock Exchange and Nasdaq. New York City is an established safe haven for global investors. As of 2023, New York City is the most expensive city in the world for expatriates to live. New York City is home to the highest number of billionaires, individuals of ultra-high net worth (greater than US$30 million), and millionaires of any city in the world.\n\nA permanent marker or indelible marker is a type of marker pen that is used to create permanent or semi-permanent writing on an object."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Permanent marker: contains a main carrier solvent, glyceride, pyrrolidone, resin, and colorant, making it water resistant. It can write on paper, metal, and stone. Due to their potential to be used for vandalism, places such as New York City have laws against possessing permanent markers in public.\n\n[Permanent marker - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent_marker)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "It links to the law in the references and it's less interesting. Basically they'd have to prove intent too, but it does make it easy to give people a hard time if it find it on them. \n\n\"No person shall carry an aerosol spray paint can, [or] broad tipped indelible marker or etching acid into any public building or other public facility with the intent to violate the provisions of subdivision a of this section.\"", "name": "Sophia"}, {"role": "user", "content": "so literally only possible in conjunction with another crime, unless someone walks into a place proclaiming their intent to deface it", "name": "Michelle"}]

ehnhn2

t5_2qh3b

Tokyono

fckesru

[{"role": "system", "content": "Hephaestion (Ancient Greek: Ἡφαιστίων Hephaistíon; c. 356 BC – October 324 BC), son of Amyntor, was an ancient Macedonian nobleman of probable \"Attic or Ionian extraction\" and a general in the army of Alexander the Great. He was \"by far the dearest of all the king's friends; he had been brought up with Alexander and shared all his secrets.\" This relationship lasted throughout their lives, and was compared, by others as well as themselves, to that of Achilles and Patroclus.\nHis military career was distinguished. A member of Alexander the Great's personal bodyguard, he went on to command the Companion cavalry and was entrusted with many other tasks throughout Alexander's ten-year campaign in Asia, including diplomatic missions, the bridging of major rivers, sieges and the foundation of new settlements. Besides being a soldier, engineer and diplomat, he corresponded with the philosophers Aristotle and Xenocrates and actively supported Alexander in his attempts to integrate the Greeks and Persians. Alexander formally made him his second-in-command when he appointed him Chiliarch of the empire. Alexander also made him part of the royal family when he gave him as his bride Drypetis, sister to his own second wife Stateira, both daughters of Darius III of Persia.\nWhen Hephaestion died suddenly at Ecbatana around age thirty-two, Alexander was overwhelmed with grief. He petitioned the oracle at Siwa to grant Hephaestion divine status and thus Hephaestion was honoured as a Divine Hero. Hephaestion was cremated and his ashes taken to Babylon. At the time of his own death a mere eight months later, Alexander was still planning lasting monuments to Hephaestion's memory."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# When Alexander the Greats dearest friend Hephaestion died, Alexander threw him a lavish funeral worth around 1,500,000,000. He also had a 60-metre-high pyre commissioned, with 7 layers of golden objects. Hephaestion was also worshipped as a divine hero. Shrines were erected in his memory.\n\n[Hephaestion - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hephaestion#Death_and_funeral)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Dearest \"friend\". Uh huh.", "name": "Alexia"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I don't think shrines were the only thing being erected amirite", "name": "Eli"}]

o961au

t5_2umfr

mountman91

h3aae3w

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Murder of Murder of Otvio Jordo da Silva- A referee who stabbed a player, before being stoned, decapitated and quartered on the pitch\n\n[Murder of Otávio Jordão da Silva - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Ot%C3%A1vio_Jord%C3%A3o_da_Silva?wprov=sfti1)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Someone should start r/FuckedUpWikipedia and use this as the first post.", "name": "James"}, {"role": "user", "content": "check out r/CreepyWikipedia\n\nedit: nvm", "name": "Cassidy"}]

luq2qj

t5_2qh3b

DrHENCHMAN

gp97c9j

[{"role": "system", "content": "Project Azorian (also called \"Jennifer\" by the press after its Top Secret Security Compartment) was a U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) project to recover the sunken Soviet submarine K-129 from the Pacific Ocean floor in 1974 using the purpose-built ship Hughes Glomar Explorer. The 1968 sinking of K-129 occurred approximately 1,600 miles (2,600 km) northwest of Hawaii. Project Azorian was one of the most complex, expensive, and secretive intelligence operations of the Cold War at a cost of about $800 million, or $4.7 billion today.\nThe US designed the recovery ship and its lifting cradle using concepts developed with Global Marine (see Project Mohole) that used their precision stability equipment to keep the ship nearly stationary above the target while lowering nearly three miles (4.8 km) of pipe. They worked with scientists to develop methods for preserving paper that had been underwater for years in hopes of being able to recover and read the submarine's codebooks. The reasons that this project was undertaken included the recovery of an intact R-21 nuclear missile and cryptological documents and equipment.\nThe Soviet Union was unable to locate K-129, but the US knew where to look, based on data recorded by four Air Force Technical Applications Center (AFTAC) sites and the Adak Sound Surveillance System (SOSUS) array. The US identified an acoustic event on March 8 that likely originated from an explosion aboard the submarine. The US zeroed in on the location to within five nautical miles (5.8 mi; 9.3 km). The submarine USS Halibut located the boat using the Fish, a towed, 12-foot (3.7 m), two-short-ton (1.8 t) collection of cameras, strobe lights, and sonar that was built to withstand extreme depths. The recovery operation in international waters about six years later used mining for manganese nodules as its cover. The company was nominally owned by Howard Hughes, secretly backed by the CIA, who had paid for the construction of the Hughes Glomar Explorer. The ship recovered a portion of K-129, but a mechanical failure in the grapple caused two-thirds of the recovered section to break off during recovery."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Project AZORIAN, one of the most expensive CIA operations ever that attempted to recover a sunken Soviet nuclear submarine at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean in 1974\n\n[Project Azorian - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Azorian)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[deleted]"}, {"role": "user", "content": "This argument is so fucking stupid and Im tired of hearing it. Theres nothing stopping the US from having Universal Healthcare and keeping its current Military Budget. \n\nWhen you start equating having Universal Healthcare to having to lower military spending, you immediately alienate anyone who does not wish to lower military spending from supporting Universal Healthcare.", "name": "Robert"}]

m95ico

t5_2umfr

SeaworthinessSea7139

grl7k2k

[{"role": "system", "content": "Daniel Carleton Gajdusek ( GHY-də-shek; September 9, 1923 – December 12, 2008) was an American physician and medical researcher who was the co-recipient (with Baruch S. Blumberg) of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1976 for work on the transmissibility of kuru, implying the existence of an infectious agent, which he named an 'unconventional virus'.In 1996, Gajdusek was charged with child molestation and, after being convicted, spent 12 months in prison before entering a self-imposed exile in Europe, where he died a decade later. His papers are held at the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland and at the American Philosophical Society in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Daniel Carleton Gadjusek was an American scientist who visited indigenous tribes in New Guinea to study the mysterious illness known as Kuru. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for his research, however, while there he also molested young boys.\n\n[Daniel Carleton Gajdusek - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Carleton_Gajdusek)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "So many weird things in this article.\n\n>He did this by drilling holes into chimps' heads and placing pureed brain matter into the cerebellum\n\nI used to kill rats for science, so I'm not against animal experiments per se, but this seems kind of excessive even for me. If you really need to infect a chimp with kuru for research, why wouldn't you feed it some infected brain tissue, similar to the way it spreads amongst humans?\n\n>where the polar night around the winter solstice helped him to do more work.\n\nSounds like something a vampire would say. Shame they don't say what kind of work it was.\n\n>Furthermore, Gajdusek openly admits to molesting boys and his approval of incest.\n\nI hope he didn't have any biological children.", "name": "Amelia"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "Research in the 1950's and 60's had way fewer ethics in place. Many equally clunky and brutal methods were used at the time. At first I wondered if it had something to do with the remoteness of the Fore tribe, but then I thought just putting the brain puree in some food the chimps would have eaten volontarily would have been so much easier. \n\nHe was an incredibly creepy f*cker. I don't think he was interested in (adult) women at all, but I could be mistaken."}]

infk0p

t5_2umfr

whispywoods

g49foa2

[{"role": "system", "content": "Linda Laura Hazzard (née Burfield; December 18, 1867 – June 24, 1938), nicknamed the \"Starvation Doctor\" was an American quack, swindler and convicted serial killer noted for her promotion of fasting, pummeling and hours-long enemas as treatments. In 1911, Hazzard was found guilty of manslaughter in the state of Washington and was sentenced to 2 to 20 years of hard labor for killing at least 15 people for financial gain at a sanitarium she operated near Seattle in the early 20th century. She was released on parole after only serving two years and later, on the condition that she move to New Zealand, received a full pardon from Governor Ernest Lister in 1916. Hazzard died at 70 after subjecting herself to her treatment methods."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Linda Hazzard, nicknamed the \"Starvation Doctor\" was an American quack, fraud, and swindler noted for her promotion of fasting as a treatment. Her treatments were responsible for at least 15 deaths. She died of starvation in 1938 while attempting a fasting cure.\n\n[Linda Hazzard - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linda_Hazzard)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Well she stood by her ideas at least", "name": "Nathan"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Yes and it is scientifically proven that fasting has amazing health benefits. \n\nThat Wikipedia page reads a bit like a witch trial. All those people that died might have had other things going on which was what brought them to the sanitarium in the first place. Notice it says the deaths were \"attributed\" to Hazzard, not caused. Attributed by whom? I don't see that she was ever charged or convicted of the crime of murder.", "name": "Xavier"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "She literally starved her captive patients to death. An adult patient of hers weighed 50 pounds at her time of death. She forged wills for some of her patients, naming herself as the benificiary.\n\nFasting is also incredibly unhealthy. As a recovered anorexic, I can attest to this."}]

ieef02

t5_2qh3b

ericlgame

g2g9owj

[{"role": "system", "content": "Although juggling in its western form involving props such as balls, rings, and clubs is rarely performed in modern China, at certain periods in Chinese history it was much more popular. In fact, some of the world's earliest known jugglers were Chinese warriors and entertainers who lived during the time of the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history. References to these artists in ancient Chinese literature have preserved records of their incredible achievements. From such references, it appears that juggling was a well-regarded and highly developed form of ancient Chinese art."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# During a battle in about 603 BC between the states of Chu and Song, Xiong Yiliao stepped out between the armies and juggled nine balls, which so amazed the Song troops that all five hundred of them turned and fled, allowing the Chu army to win a complete victory.\n\n[Juggling in ancient China - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juggling_in_ancient_China)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Context, this anecdote was written in the 24th chapter of the Zhuangzi written by Zhuang Zhou. The Zhuangzi is a Taoist text which consists of parables which are humorous or irreverent in nature. \nAdditionally, the batte mentioned occurred ~200 years before the text was written. Im a drop out history Major, but this headline immediately brought up red flags. There is no way that 500 people, warriors, even the ones in the back immediately turned around and ran away in fear. Maybe some, but no way all right? Fun story, but historically suspect in terms of actually happening.\n\nEdit: Some details I got mixed up", "name": "Ivan"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Just like the man who tried to fight a bear, but he couldnt win since the bear always knew in advance what the man was thinking. Or the goose in the bottle story... \n\nTaoist tales are always meant to be taken in jest from what Ive known. They are meant to trick you and make you think outside the box.", "name": "Miguel"}]

qm3b1y

t5_2umfr

Hopeful__Historian

hj7mq43

[{"role": "system", "content": "Alfredo Rampi, nicknamed Alfredino (little Alfredo) (April 11, 1975 – June 13, 1981), was an Italian child who died after falling into a well in Vermicino, a village near Frascati, on 10 June 1981."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Alfredo Rampi, an Italian child who died after falling into a well - 13 June 1981. Absolutely terrifying and heartbreaking story. Be sure to read the final section about the mystery that continues today..\n\n[Alfredo Rampi - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfredo_Rampi)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[deleted]"}, {"role": "user", "content": "this is the question i have, its so stupid and makes no sense, plus who the fuck would still be asleep after having a harness placed onto them and lowered into a well unless they were on a bunch of seditives, which would have been discovered during the autopsy (if legitimate)", "name": "Isaiah"}]

f19vgl

t5_2qh3b

Tokyono

fh45dip

[{"role": "system", "content": "Charlemagne ( SHAR-lə-mayn, -⁠MAYN; 2 April 748 – 28 January 814) was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and Emperor of the Carolingian Empire from 800, all until his death in 814. Charlemagne succeeded in uniting the majority of Western Central Europe, and he was the first recognized emperor to rule in the west after the fall of the Western Roman Empire approximately three centuries earlier. Charlemagne's rule saw a program of political and societal changes that had a lasting impact on Europe in the Middle Ages.\nA member of the Frankish Carolingian dynasty, Charlemagne was the eldest son of Pepin the Short and Bertrada of Laon. With his brother Carloman I, he became king of the Franks in 768 following Pepins's death, and became sole ruler in 771. As king, he continued his father's policy towards the protection of the papacy and became its chief defender, removing the Lombards from power in northern Italy in 774. Charlemagne's reign saw a period of expansion that led to the conquests of Bavaria, Saxony, and northern Spain, as well as other campaigns that led Charlemagne to extend his rule over a vast area of Europe. He spread Christianity to his new conquests, often by force, as seen at the Massacre of Verden against the Saxons.\nIn 800, Charlemagne was crowned as emperor in Rome by Pope Leo III. While historians debate about the exact significance of the coronation, the title represented the height of prestige and authority he had achieved. Charlemagne's position as the first emperor in the West in over 300 years brought him into conflict with the contemporary Eastern Roman Empire based in Constantinople. By his assumption of the imperial title, he is considered the forerunner of the line of Holy Roman Emperors that lasted into the nineteenth century. As king and emperor, Charlemagne engaged in a number of reforms in administration, law, education, military organization, and religion which shaped Europe for centuries. The stability of his reign saw the beginning of a period of significant cultural activity known as the Carolingian Renaissance.\nCharlemagne died in 814, and was laid to rest in the Aachen Cathedral, in his imperial capital city of Aachen. He was succeeded by his only surviving son Louis the Pious. After Louis, the Frankish kingdom would be divided, eventually coalescing into West and East Francia, which would respectively become France and the Holy Roman Empire. Charlemagne's profound impact on the Middle Ages, and the influence on the vast territory he ruled has led him to be called the \"Father of Europe\". He is seen as a founding figure by multiple European states, and many historical royal houses of Europe trace their lineage back to him. Charlemagne has been the subject of artwork, monuments, and literature since the medieval period, and has received veneration in the Catholic Church."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# King Charlemagne kept his daughters at home with him and refused to allow them to get sacramentally married. However, he accepted their extramarital relationships. He rewarded their common law husbands and treasured his illegitimate grandchildren.\n\n[Charlemagne - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlemagne)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Well, surely did not want to get killed and replaced", "name": "Kyle"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Charlemagne literally did the thing where he married a King's daughter and stole the kingdom so it makes sense he was worried about this.", "name": "Jeremiah"}]

r9id8r

t5_2qh3b

slinkslowdown

hncj9um

[{"role": "system", "content": "From December 1, 2012, until January 31, 2013, a stylistic disagreement unfolded between editors on the English-language Wikipedia as to whether the word \"into\" in the title of the Wikipedia article for the 2013 film Star Trek Into Darkness should be capitalized. More than 40,000 words were written on the article's talk page (a page for editors to discuss changes to the article) before a consensus was reached to capitalize the \"I\"."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The 2013 Wikipedia Star Trek Into Darkness controversy was a dispute between editors to whether the word \"into\" in the title of the article should be capitalized. Over 40,000 words were written on the article's talk page before a consensus was reached to capitalize the \"I\".\n\n[Wikipedia Star Trek Into Darkness debate - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013_Wikipedia_Star_Trek_Into_Darkness_controversy)"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": ">The controversy is currently listed on Wikipedia's list of the \"Lamest edit wars\" in its history."}, {"role": "user", "content": "Wikipedia meta pages always are either super boring or hilarious.", "name": "Zachary"}]

17mkv12

t5_2qh3b

PhnomPencil

k7m1u8j

[{"role": "system", "content": "Itamar Ben-Gvir (Hebrew: אִיתָמָר בֶּן גְּבִיר; born 6 May 1976) is an Israeli lawyer and far-right extremist politician who has served as the Minister of National Security since 2022. He is a member of the Knesset and leader of Otzma Yehudit.Ben-Gvir, a settler in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, has faced charges of hate speech against Arabs and was known to have a portrait in his living room of Israeli-American mass murderer and Jewish extremist Baruch Goldstein, who massacred 29 Palestinian Muslim worshipers and wounded 125 others in Hebron, in the 1994 Cave of the Patriarchs massacre. He removed the portrait after he entered politics. He was also previously convicted of supporting a terrorist group known as Kach, which espoused Kahanism, an extremist religious Zionist ideology.Under his leadership, the Otzma Yehudit (Jewish Power), a party which espouses Kahanism and anti-Arabism, won six seats in the 2022 Israeli legislative election, and is represented in what has been called the most right-wing and hardline government in Israel's history. He has called for the expulsion of Arab citizens of Israel who are not loyal to Israel. Ben Gvir is \"widely known for his openly racist, anti-Arab views and activities\".Ben Gvir had been long accused of being a provocateur, having previously led several visits to the Temple Mount as activist and member of Knesset, contentious marches through Jerusalem's Old City Muslim Quarter, and set up an office in the Sheikh Jarrah neighborhood which witnessed several evictions of Palestinians. On 3 January 2023, he visited the Temple Mount where the al-Aqsa Mosque is located, spurring an international wave of criticism that labelled his visit purposely provocative. As a lawyer, he is known for defending Jews accused of terrorism on trial in Israel."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Itamar Ben-Gvir is a far-right politician who is known to have had a portrait in his living room of Baruch Goldstein, who opened fire with an assault rifle during Ramadan prayer in Hebron, killing 29 before being beaten to death by survivors. He is Israel's Minister of National Security.\n\n[Itamar Ben-Gvir - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itamar_Ben-Gvir)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Can we please stop putting far-right shitheads in positions of power? Please?", "name": "Rylee"}, {"role": "user", "content": "The massacres will continue till morale improves.", "name": "Peter"}]

gexrx7

t5_2umfr

psychocookie81

fpqpvci

[{"role": "system", "content": "Julia Pastrana (August 1834 – 25 March 1860) was a performer and singer during the 19th century who had hypertrichosis. Pastrana, an indigenous woman from Mexico, was born in 1834, somewhere in the state of Sinaloa. She was born with a genetic condition, hypertrichosis terminalis (or generalized hypertrichosis lanuginosa); her face and body were covered with straight black hair. Her ears and nose were unusually large, and her teeth were irregular. The latter condition was caused by a rare disease, undiagnosed in her lifetime, gingival hyperplasia, which thickened her lips and gums."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Julia Pastrana was a freak show performer who lived in the 1800s who had hypertricosis and gingival hyperplasia. She gave birth to a son but they both died soon after delivery . Their bodies were preserved and displayed around the world until being buried in 2013.\n\n[Julia Pastrana - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julia_Pastrana)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Her husband was a sicko, poor woman.", "name": "Leslie"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Sold her remains (and the remains of their child), they were taxidermied, sold back to her husband, and then he toured with them. Jesus. \n\n(He also then married a woman with a similar condition and made her change her name to one similar to his first wife)", "name": "Cody"}]

ut7whv

t5_2qh3b

Socio-Kessler_Syndrm

i98uxcx

[{"role": "system", "content": "1 (one, unit, unity) is a number representing a single or the only entity. 1 is also a numerical digit and represents a single unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of unit length is a line segment of length 1. In conventions of sign where zero is considered neither positive nor negative, 1 is the first and smallest positive integer. It is also sometimes considered the first of the infinite sequence of natural numbers, followed by 2, although by other definitions 1 is the second natural number, following 0.\nThe fundamental mathematical property of 1 is to be a multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. Most if not all properties of 1 can be deduced from this. In advanced mathematics, a multiplicative identity is often denoted 1, even if it is not a number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number; this was not universally accepted until the mid-20th century. Additionally, 1 is the smallest possible difference between two distinct natural numbers.\nThe unique mathematical properties of the number have led to its unique uses in other fields, ranging from science to sports. It commonly denotes the first, leading, or top thing in a group.\n\nThe Scream is a composition created by Norwegian artist Edvard Munch in 1893. The Norwegian name of the piece is Skrik (Scream), and the German title under which it was first exhibited is Der Schrei der Natur (The Scream of Nature). The agonized face in the painting has become one of the most iconic images in art, seen as symbolizing the anxiety of the human condition. Munch's work, including The Scream, had a formative influence on the Expressionist movement.Munch recalled that he had been out for a walk at sunset when suddenly the setting sun's light turned the clouds \"a blood red\". He sensed an \"infinite scream passing through nature\". Scholars have located the spot to a fjord overlooking Oslo and have suggested other explanations for the unnaturally orange sky, ranging from the effects of a volcanic eruption to a psychological reaction by Munch to his sister's commitment at a nearby lunatic asylum.\nMunch created two versions in paint and two in pastels, as well as a lithograph stone from which several prints survive. Both painted versions have been stolen, but since recovered. In 2012, one of the pastel versions commanded the at-the-time highest nominal price paid for an artwork at a public auction."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# One version of Edvard Munch's iconic painting The Scream was discovered to have a small pencil inscription saying \"could only have been painted by a madman\" in Norwegian. Later analysis has concluded it was written by Edvard himself, following criticism of the piece in 1895 he took very personally.\n\n[The Scream - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Scream#Pencil_inscription)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I dont really understand why hed do this, is it meant in an ironic/sarcastic way (only by a madman my ass!) or did he come to agree with the comment and was disparaging his own work? I read the bit in the article about mental illness in his family but I still dont really get it.", "name": "Trevor"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I think it was probably something he was ruminating on. They suggest he was [schizophrenic ](https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13674676.2020.1777537).", "name": "Elias"}]

hofzbe

t5_2qh3b

slinkslowdown

fxitmcv

[{"role": "system", "content": "The cat (Felis catus), commonly referred to as the domestic cat or house cat, is the only domesticated species in the family Felidae. Recent advances in archaeology and genetics have shown that the domestication of the cat occurred in the Near East around 7500 BC. It is commonly kept as a house pet and farm cat, but also ranges freely as a feral cat avoiding human contact. It is valued by humans for companionship and its ability to kill vermin. Because of its retractable claws, it is adapted to killing small prey like mice and rats. It has a strong, flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp teeth, and its night vision and sense of smell are well developed. It is a social species, but a solitary hunter and a crepuscular predator. Cat communication includes vocalizations like meowing, purring, trilling, hissing, growling, and grunting as well as cat body language. It can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears, such as those made by small mammals. It also secretes and perceives pheromones.\nFemale domestic cats can have kittens from spring to late autumn in temperate zones and throughout the year in equatorial regions, with litter sizes often ranging from two to five kittens. Domestic cats are bred and shown at events as registered pedigreed cats, a hobby known as cat fancy. Animal population control of cats may be achieved by spaying and neutering, but their proliferation and the abandonment of pets has resulted in large numbers of feral cats worldwide, contributing to the extinction of bird, mammal and reptile species.\nAs of 2017, the domestic cat was the second most popular pet in the United States, with 95.6 million cats owned and around 42 million households owning at least one cat. In the United Kingdom, 26% of adults have a cat, with an estimated population of 10.9 million pet cats as of 2020. As of 2021, there were an estimated 220 million owned and 480 million stray cats in the world."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Various cultures believe that cats have several lives, ranging from six to nine lives. The myth is attributed to the natural suppleness and swiftness cats exhibit to escape life-threatening situations.\n\n[Cat - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat#Superstitions_and_rituals)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I clicked the link because I was curious about cat myths, but I was greeted by paragraphs graphically describing the torture and extermination of cats instead.", "name": "Adriana"}, {"role": "user", "content": "r/holup", "name": "Shawn"}]

d48isq

t5_2umfr

kyungsookim

f08uwnr

[{"role": "system", "content": "Kelly Anne Bates (18 May 1978 – 16 April 1996) was an English teenager who was murdered in Manchester, England at the age of 17 by her abuser, James Patterson Smith (born c. 1948). She was tortured by him over a period of four weeks, including having her eyes gouged from their sockets up to three weeks before her death, before being drowned in a bathtub.The murder inquiry was headed by Detective Sergeant Joseph Monaghan of Greater Manchester Police, who said: \"I have been in the police force for 15 years and have never seen a case as horrific as this.\" William Lawler, the pathologist who examined Bates' body, described her injuries as the worst he had seen on a murder victim. Smith, who had a history of violence and torture against former sexual partners, denied murdering Bates but was convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment on 19 November 1997."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The torture and eventual murder of Kelly Anne Bates. What she endured is absolutely disturbing, there's a full list of her torture on this page.\n\n[Murder of Kelly Anne Bates - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Kelly_Anne_Bates)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "This will always be one of the worst", "name": "Alexandria"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "Agreed. Its one of the worst murders Ive ever read about, Im surprised its not talked about much, perhaps because its so disturbing."}]

mm51g7

t5_2umfr

smallpeke

gtqbxdl

[{"role": "system", "content": "Allin is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:\nSurname:\n\nBuddy Allin (1944–2007), American golfer\nGG Allin (1956–1993), punk rock singer-songwriter and musician\nMerle Allin (born 1953), American bassist\nNorman Allin (1884–1973), British bass singer\nRoger Allin (1848–1936), American politician\nRosena Allin-Khan, British politician\nSir Thomas Allin, 1st Baronet (17th century), English naval officerGiven name:\n\nAllin Braund (1915–2004), British artist\nEric Allin Cornell (born 1961), American physicist\nAllin Kempthorne (born 1973), British actor and magician\n\nKevin Michael \"GG\" Allin (born Jesus Christ Allin; August 29, 1956 – June 28, 1993) was an American punk rock musician who performed and recorded with many groups during his career. His live performances often featured transgressive acts, including self-mutilation, defecating on stage, and assaulting audience members, for which he was arrested and imprisoned on multiple occasions. AllMusic called him \"the most spectacular degenerate in rock n' roll history\", while G4TV's That's Tough labelled him the \"toughest rock star in the world\".\nKnown more for his notorious stage antics than his music, Allin recorded prolifically, not only in the punk rock genre, but also in spoken word, country, and more traditional-style rock. His lyrics often expressed themes of violence and misanthropy.Allin's music was often poorly recorded and produced, given limited distribution, and met with mostly negative reviews from critics, although he maintained a cult following throughout and after his career. Allin promised for several years that he would commit suicide on stage during one of his concerts, but he instead died from a drug overdose on June 28, 1993, at age 36."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# GG Allin was best known for his controversial live performances, which often featured transgressive acts, including self-mutilation and assaulting audience members, for which he was arrested and imprisoned on multiple occasions.\n\n[GG Allin - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/GG_Allin)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Reading about him I just think what a complete wanker he was", "name": "Victor"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Did you read about his childhood. He was made into what he became, a wanker granted but his parents were fuckin cunts", "name": "Kaitlyn"}, {"role": "user", "content": "And he made a shit load of bad choices himself. Easy to use the abuse he had as a child to explain some of his behaviour but instead of trying to make a better life for himself and his daughter, he chose a very abusive lifestyle that not only hurt himself for publicity but damaged his child too. And the people he used to burgle and the people whose property was damaged by this twat become victims of his choices. At least his daughter cut the ties that binded her to him before his abusive choices continued the cycle of abuse. He was a weak pathetic show off who relished in his past, as hes said in many an interview, he was glad he had a childhood like that because it's made him more creative...more fucking destructive towards others more like.", "name": "Brady"}]

gq2rsb

t5_2umfr

Trippy415

frrnsh9

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Hart family murders was a murder–suicide which took place on March 26, 2018, in Mendocino County, California, United States. Jennifer Hart and her wife, Sarah Hart, murdered their six adopted children — Ciera (12), Abigail (14), Jeremiah (14), Devonte (15), Hannah (16), and Markis (19) — when Jennifer intentionally drove the family's sport utility vehicle off a cliff. Jennifer was in the driver’s seat, and Sarah was in the front passenger seat."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Hart family murder. Jennifer and Sarah Hart, who murdered their SIX adopted children by driving the family's SUV off a cliff on highway 1, in California\n\n[Hart family murders - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hart_family_crash)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Id recommend listening to the podcast Broken Harts, it goes into detail the horrible events that led up to family annihilation. \n\nYou might recognize one of the children. [A photo of Devonte Hart](https://imagesvc.meredithcorp.io/v3/mm/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fstatic.onecms.io%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsites%2F20%2F2019%2F03%2Fdevonte-hart.jpg&q=85) crying while hugging a police officer went viral on reddit in the aftermath of Ferguson.", "name": "John"}, {"role": "user", "content": "What an incredible photo", "name": "Jared"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Its chilling in the context of what happened. The children were horribly abused, but the couple manipulated their social media to appear they were some progressive wonder-family. So, knowing this, the picture is disgusting propaganda.", "name": "Christian"}]

15ek2hv

t5_2qh3b

Pupikal

ju9xqoh

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Terri Schiavo case was a series of court and legislative actions in the United States from 1998 to 2005, regarding the care of Theresa Marie Schiavo (née Schindler) (; December 3, 1963 – March 31, 2005), a woman in an irreversible persistent vegetative state. Schiavo's husband and legal guardian argued that Schiavo would not have wanted prolonged artificial life support without the prospect of recovery, and in 1998, he elected to remove her feeding tube. Schiavo's parents disputed her husband's assertions and challenged Schiavo's medical diagnosis, arguing in favor of continuing artificial nutrition and hydration. The highly publicized and prolonged series of legal challenges presented by her parents, which ultimately involved state and federal politicians up to the level of President George W. Bush, caused a seven-year (1998 to 2005) delay before Schiavo's feeding tube was ultimately removed.\nOn February 25, 1990, at age 26, Schiavo went into cardiac arrest at her home in St. Petersburg, Florida. She was successfully resuscitated, but had massive brain damage due to lack of oxygen to her brain and was left comatose. After two and a half months without improvement, her diagnosis was changed to that of a persistent vegetative state. For the next two years, doctors attempted occupational therapy, speech therapy, physical therapy and other experimental therapy, hoping to return her to a state of awareness, without success. In 1998, Schiavo's husband Michael Schiavo petitioned the Sixth Circuit Court of Florida to remove her feeding tube pursuant to Florida law. He was opposed by Terri's parents, Robert and Mary Schindler. The court determined that Schiavo would not have wished to continue life-prolonging measures, and on April 24, 2001, her feeding tube was removed for the first time, only to be reinserted several days later. On February 25, 2005, a Pinellas County judge again ordered the removal of Terri Schiavo's feeding tube. Several appeals and federal government intervention followed, which included Bush returning to Washington, D.C., to sign legislation moving the case to the federal courts. After appeals through the federal court system that upheld the original decision to remove the feeding tube, staff at the Pinellas Park hospice facility disconnected the feeding tube on March 18, 2005, and Schiavo died on March 31, 2005.The Schiavo case involved 14 appeals and numerous legal motions, petitions, and hearings in the Florida courts; five suits in federal district court; extensive political intervention at the levels of the Florida state legislature, Governor Jeb Bush, the U.S. Congress, and President George W. Bush; and four denials of certiorari from the Supreme Court of the United States. The case also spurred highly visible activism from the United States anti-abortion movement, the right-to-die movement, and disability rights groups. Since Schiavo's death, both her husband and her family have written books on their sides of the case, and both have also been involved in activism over related issues."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Terri Schiavo case: series of court & legislative actions regarding a woman in an irreversible persistent vegetative state. Her husband, citing her wishes, sought to remove her feeding tube, clashing w/ her parents. The dispute involved President Bush and lasted 7 years before the tube was removed.\n\n[Terri Schiavo case - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terri_Schiavo_case)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "When she finally died it turned out her brain was unrecoverable mush just like the doctors said.", "name": "Andrea"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I specifically remember this detail: it had atrophied to the size of an orange. She was never going to recover.", "name": "Raymond"}]

qwkzom

t5_2umfr

NebulaTrinity

hl5i2mi

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Demon Cat of Washington D.C is an alleged sprit of a cat said to appear before tragedies and presidential elections\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demon_Cat?wprov=sfti1"}, {"role": "user", "content": "It already said tragedies. Does it need to specify elections?", "name": "Cody"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I love that song. Panic at the Disco right?", "name": "Justin"}]

11ftju7

t5_2umfr

patronsaintofweed

japbxs1

[{"role": "system", "content": "Tim Lopes (born Arcanjo Antonino Lopes do Nascimento; November 18, 1950 – June 2, 2002) was a Brazilian investigative journalist and producer for the Brazilian television network Rede Globo. In 2002, the media reported him missing while working undercover on a story in one of Rio's favelas. It was later learned that Lopes had been accosted by drug traffickers who controlled the area, was kidnapped, driven to the top of a neighboring favela in the trunk of a car, tied to a tree and subjected to a mock trial, tortured by having his hands, arms, and legs severed with a sword while still alive, and then had his body placed within tires, covered in gasoline and set on fire—a practice that traffickers have dubbed micro-ondas (in allusion to the microwave oven).The details of Lopes's death received substantial attention in Brazil's media because of the barbarity of the crime and due to it highlighting the existence of poder paralelo (parallel power) within Rio—meaning criminals controlling areas of the city with impunity."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Tim Lopes, a Brazilian investigative journalist, was kidnapped by drug lord Elias Maluco, who burnt out Tim's eyes, cut off his hands, arms, and legs, placed him in several tires, doused him in diesel, and set him ablaze.\n\n[Tim Lopes (journalist) - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Lopes_(journalist))"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Such a horrible way to go. Worst if he was conscious during any of that.", "name": "Grant"}, {"role": "user", "content": "most likely all of it", "name": "Valeria"}]

tibssj

t5_2umfr

FthrFlffyBttm

i1ewiu3

[{"role": "system", "content": "Edward Jones (7 April 1824 – c. 1893 or 1896), also known as \"the boy Jones\", was an English stalker who became notorious for breaking into Buckingham Palace several times between 1838 and 1841.\nJones was fourteen years old when he first broke into the palace in December 1838. He was found in possession of some items he had stolen, but was acquitted at his trial. He broke in again in 1840, ten days after Queen Victoria had given birth to Princess Victoria. Staff found him hiding under a sofa and he was arrested and subsequently questioned by the Privy Council—the monarch's formal body of advisers. He was sentenced to three months' hard labour at Tothill Fields Bridewell prison. He was released in March 1841 and broke back into the palace two weeks later, where he was caught stealing food from the larders. He was again arrested and sentenced to three months' hard labour at Tothill Fields.\nTo remove Jones from Britain, the Thames Police tried to surreptitiously coerce him into employment as a sailor. After a voyage on a merchant ship to Brazil, Jones returned to London, where he worked for a month before disappearing and signing up to the Royal Navy—again at the instigation of the Thames Police. He was a ship's boy on HMS Warspite and had further duty on Inconstant and Harlequin. He deserted twice before being allowed to leave the service in 1847. After his return to Britain, Jones was arrested in 1849 for burgling houses in Lewisham, Kent, now South London, and sentenced to transportation to Australia for ten years. He returned to Britain in late 1855 or early 1856 and was again arrested for burglary, before he returned—of his own accord— to Australia. The details of his death are not known, although it was possibly in Perth, in the west of Australia in 1896, or in Bairnsdale in the east of Australia on Boxing Day 1893.\nJones's exploits were extensively covered in the press, and several songs, ballads, poems and cartoons were created. He has been used as the basis for fictional characters and, because of the connection to Queen Victoria, is mentioned in several history books."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Thomas Jones broke into Buckingham Palace several times. At age 14 he was caught with Queen Victoria's underwear stuffed down his trousers. 9 days after her daughter's birth, he scaled the walls, broke in again, and left undetected. The next night he was found under a sofa in her dressing room.\n\n[The boy Jones - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_boy_Jones)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I mean, I like panties as much as the next guy but from Queen Victoria?\n\nI guess theres no accounting for taste.", "name": "Sean"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "Well, given how she blocked donations to Ireland from other countries during the famine, because she only donated 5 herself, Id say shes a tight cunt."}]

2p8fii

t5_2qh3b

muammargaddafisghost

cmucyaj

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Phoenix Program (Vietnamese: Chiến dịch Phụng Hoàng) was designed and initially coordinated by the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) during the Vietnam War, involving the American, Australian, and South Vietnamese militaries. In 1969, CIA responsibility was phased out, and the program was put under the authority of the Civil Operations and Revolutionary Development Support (CORDS).The program, which lasted from 1967 to 1972, was designed to identify and destroy the Viet Cong (VC) via infiltration, assassination, torture, capture, counter-terrorism, and interrogation. The CIA described it as \"a set of programs that sought to attack and destroy the political infrastructure of the Viet Cong.\" The Phoenix Program was premised on the idea that North Vietnamese infiltration had required local support within noncombat civilian populations, which were referred to as the \"VC infrastructure\" and \"political branch\" that had purportedly coordinated the insurgency.Throughout the program, Phoenix \"neutralized\" 81,740 people suspected of VC membership, of whom 26,369 were killed, and the rest surrendered or were captured. Of those killed 87% were attributed to conventional military operations by South Vietnamese and American forces, while the remaining 13% were attributed to Phoenix Program operatives.: 17–21 The Phoenix Program was heavily criticized on various grounds, including the number of neutral civilians killed, the nature of the program (which critics have labelled as a \"civilian assassination program,\") the use of torture and other coercive methods, and the program being exploited for personal politics. Nevertheless, the program was very successful at suppressing Viet Cong political and revolutionary activities. Public disclosure of the program led to significant criticism, including hearings by the US Congress, and the CIA was pressured into shutting it down. A similar program, Plan F-6, continued under the government of South Vietnam."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Phoenix Program - Between 1965 and 1972, the CIA led Phoenix program used torture methods, including rape and electrocution, and killed 26,000 to 41,000 people.\n\n[Phoenix Program - Wikipedia](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_Program)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Why have I not heard of this before.", "name": "Kate"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Over the last few days it has been floating reddit, but it was taken down from both TIL and politics after several hours and nearly 4000 upvotes.\n\nhttp://www.reddit.com/r/conspiracy/comments/2owc1b/cia_torture_report_reaches_4_on_front_page_gets/\n\nhttp://www.reddit.com/r/conspiracy/comments/2p699s/here_we_go_again_til_cia_torture_deleted_from_top/\n\nhttp://www.reddit.com/r/conspiracy/comments/2ozm2y/were_with_you_removed_from_rfunny_after_1400/\n\nhttp://www.reddit.com/r/conspiracy/comments/2p696c/til_post_about_cia_torture_program_pulled_from/\n\nthese are all from the past week and can also be found on /r/undelete ", "name": "Ivan"}]

hybs2u

t5_2umfr

TheButchman101

fzcsb8g

[{"role": "system", "content": "Edward Donald Slovik (February 18, 1920 – January 31, 1945) was a United States Army soldier during World War II and the only American soldier to be court-martialled and executed for desertion since the American Civil War. Although over 21,000 American soldiers were given varying sentences for desertion during World War II, including 49 death sentences, Slovik's death sentence was the only one that was carried out.During World War II, 1.7 million courts-martial were held, representing one third of all criminal cases tried in the United States during the same period. Most of the cases were minor, as were the sentences. Nevertheless, a clemency board, appointed by Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson in the summer of 1945, reviewed all general courts-martial where the accused was still in confinement, and remitted or reduced the sentence in 85 percent of the 27,000 serious cases reviewed. The death penalty was rarely imposed, and usually only for cases involving rape or murder. Slovik was the only soldier executed who had been convicted of a \"purely military\" offense."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Edward Slovik was a US soldier during WW2 and the only American soldier to be executed for desertion since the Civil War. Before his death, the chaplain said to Slovik, \"Eddie, when you get up there, say a little prayer for me.\" He replied \"Okay, Father. I'll pray that you don't follow me too soon.\"\n\n[Eddie Slovik - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Slovik)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "As a veteran, I can't believe someone would desert knowing it is a death penalty offense. He would have been better off just dodging the draft as many did during Vietnam. He was right though when he said he's being executed for being a petty criminal as well as a deserter.", "name": "Giselle"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "Well, apparently he had seen other deserters from his division get a dishonorable discharge and a prison term and was expecting the same punishment. It says since he was already an ex-convict the dishonorable discharge wouldn't have affected his prospects in civilian life much and he found prison life to be much preferable to combat. Also, it says that \"military prison terms for discipline offenses were widely expected to be commuted once the war was over.\" So, he just ended up unlucky that they decided to make an example out of him."}]

e1xih

t5_2qh3b

fathermocker

c14mqfr

[{"role": "system", "content": "Hugh Clowers Thompson Jr. (April 15, 1943 – January 6, 2006) was a United States Army officer, serving as a warrant officer in the 123rd Aviation Battalion of the 23rd Infantry Division. He is credited with ending the Mỹ Lai Massacre of the South Vietnamese village known as Sơn Mỹ on March 16, 1968, alongside and hierarchically above Glenn Andreotta and Lawrence Colburn.\nDuring the massacre, Thompson and his Hiller OH-23 Raven crew, Glenn Andreotta and Lawrence Colburn, stopped a number of killings by threatening and blocking American officers and enlisted soldiers of Company C, 1st Battalion, 20th Infantry Regiment, 11th Brigade, 23rd Infantry Division. Additionally, Thompson and his crew saved a number of Vietnamese civilians by personally escorting them away from advancing United States Army ground units and assuring their evacuation by air. Thompson reported the atrocities by radio several times while at Sơn Mỹ. Although these reports reached Task Force Barker operational headquarters, nothing was done to stop the massacre. After evacuating a child to a Quảng Ngãi hospital, Thompson angrily reported to his superiors at Task Force Barker headquarters that a massacre was occurring at Sơn Mỹ. Immediately following Thompson's report, Lieutenant Colonel Frank A. Barker ordered all ground units in Sơn Mỹ to cease search and destroy operations in the village.\nIn 1970, Thompson testified against those responsible for the Mỹ Lai Massacre. Twenty-six officers and enlisted soldiers, including William Calley and Ernest Medina, were charged with criminal offenses; many were either acquitted or pardoned, notably excepting Calley, who was convicted and never pardoned. Thompson was condemned and ostracized by many individuals in the United States military and government, as well as the public, for his role in the investigations and trials concerning the Mỹ Lai massacre. As a result of what he experienced, Thompson experienced post-traumatic stress disorder, alcoholism, divorce, and severe nightmare disorder. Despite the adversity he faced, he remained in the United States Army until November 1, 1983, then continued to make a living as a helicopter pilot in the Southeastern United States.\nIn 1998, 30 years after the massacre, Thompson and the two other members of his crew, Andreotta and Colburn, were awarded the Soldier's Medal (Andreotta posthumously), the United States Army's highest award for bravery not involving direct contact with the enemy. Thompson and Colburn returned to Sơn Mỹ to meet with survivors of the massacre at the Sơn Mỹ Memorial in 1998. In 1999, Thompson and Colburn received the Peace Abbey Courage of Conscience Award."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# A true hero.\n\n[Hugh Thompson Jr. - Wikipedia](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Thompson,_Jr)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Why the hell isn't there a movie about this?", "name": "Zoey"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Because a movie of it would have to show an American soldier as the hero and a bunch of American soldiers as the villains, with those of a foreign ethnicity as the victims. The average American citizen could not deal with the cognitive dissonance involved. ", "name": "Cesar"}]

101wxyk

t5_2qh3b

Thaumarch

j2scl1j

[{"role": "system", "content": "The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. It includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and most of the smaller islands within the British Isles. Northern Ireland shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea, and the Irish Sea. The total area of the United Kingdom is 94,354 square miles (244,376 km2), with an estimated population of just over 67 million people in 2021.The United Kingdom has evolved from a series of annexations, unions and separations of constituent countries over several hundred years. The Treaty of Union between the Kingdom of England (which included Wales) and the Kingdom of Scotland in 1707 resulted in their unification to become the Kingdom of Great Britain. Its union in 1801 with the Kingdom of Ireland created the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Most of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922, leaving the present United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, which formally adopted its name in 1927. The nearby Isle of Man, Guernsey and Jersey are not part of the UK, being Crown Dependencies, but the British government is responsible for their defence and international representation.The UK became the first industrialised country and was the world's foremost power for the majority of the 19th and early 20th centuries, particularly during the \"Pax Britannica\" between 1815 and 1914. The British Empire, at its height in the 1920s, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's landmass and population, and was the largest empire in history; however, its involvement in the First World War and the Second World War damaged Britain's economic power and a global wave of decolonisation led to the independence of most British colonies. British influence can be observed in the legal and political systems of many of its former colonies, and the UK's culture remains globally influential, particularly in language, literature, music and sport. English is the world's most widely spoken language and the third-most spoken native language.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy. The capital and largest city of the United Kingdom (as well as the capital of England) is London. The cities of Edinburgh, Cardiff, and Belfast are respectively the national capitals of Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Other major cities include Birmingham, Manchester, Glasgow, and Leeds. The UK consists of three distinct legal jurisdictions: England and Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. This is due to these areas retaining their existing legal systems after joining the UK. Since 1998, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland also have their own devolved governments and legislatures, each with varying powers.The UK has the world's sixth-largest economy by nominal gross domestic product (GDP), and the ninth-largest by purchasing power parity. It is a recognised nuclear state and is ranked fourth globally in military expenditure. The UK has been a permanent member of the UN Security Council since its first session in 1946. It is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the Council of Europe, the G7, the OECD, NATO, the Five Eyes, AUKUS and the CPTPP.\n\nClement Richard Attlee, 1st Earl Attlee, (3 January 1883 – 8 October 1967) was a British statesman and Labour Party politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to 1951 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1935 to 1955. He was Deputy Prime Minister during the wartime coalition government under Winston Churchill, and served twice as Leader of the Opposition from 1935 to 1940 and from 1951 to 1955. Attlee remains the longest serving Labour leader and is widely considered by historians and members of the public through various polls to be one of the greatest Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom.\nAttlee was born into an upper-middle-class family, the son of a wealthy London solicitor. After attending Haileybury College and the University of Oxford, he practised as a barrister. The volunteer work he carried out in London's East End exposed him to poverty, and his political views shifted leftwards thereafter. He joined the Independent Labour Party, gave up his legal career, and began lecturing at the London School of Economics; with his work briefly interrupted by service in the First World War. In 1919, he became mayor of Stepney and in 1922 was elected as the Member for Limehouse. Attlee served in the first Labour minority government led by Ramsay MacDonald in 1924, and then joined the Cabinet during MacDonald's second minority (1929–1931). After retaining his seat in Labour's landslide defeat of 1931, he became the party's Deputy Leader. Elected Leader of the Labour Party in 1935, and at first advocating pacificism and opposing re-armament, he became a critic of Neville Chamberlain's policy of appeasement in the lead-up to the Second World War. Attlee took Labour into the wartime coalition government in 1940 and served under Winston Churchill, initially as Lord Privy Seal and then as Deputy Prime Minister from 1942.As the European front of WWII reached its conclusion, the war cabinet headed by Churchill was dissolved and elections were scheduled to be held. The Labour Party, led by Attlee, won a landslide victory in the 1945 general election, on their post-war recovery platform. Following the election, Attlee led the construction of the first Labour majority government. His government's Keynesian approach to economic management aimed to maintain full employment, a mixed economy and a greatly enlarged system of social services provided by the state. To this end, it undertook the nationalisation of public utilities and major industries, and implemented wide-ranging social reforms, including the passing of the National Insurance Act 1946 and National Assistance Act 1948, the formation of the National Health Service (NHS) in 1948, and the enlargement of public subsidies for council house building. His government also reformed trade union legislation, working practices and children's services; it created the National Parks system, passed the New Towns Act 1946 and established the town and country planning system. The Attlee government proved itself to be a radical, reforming government. From 1945 to 1948, over 200 public Acts of Parliament were passed, with eight major pieces of legislation placed on the statute book in 1946 alone.Attlee's foreign policy focused on decolonization efforts which he delegated to Ernest Bevin, but Attlee personally oversaw the partition of India (1947), the independence of Burma and Ceylon, and the dissolution of the British mandates of Palestine and Transjordan. Attlee and Bevin encouraged the United States to take a vigorous role in the Cold War; unable to afford military intervention in Greece during its civil war, he called on Washington to counter the communists there. The strategy of containment was formalized between the two nations through the Truman Doctrine. He supported the Marshall Plan to rebuild Western Europe with American money and, in 1949, promoted the NATO military alliance against the Soviet bloc. After leading Labour to a narrow victory at the 1950 general election, he sent British troops to fight alongside South Korea in the Korean War.Attlee had inherited a country close to bankruptcy following the Second World War and beset by food, housing and resource shortages; despite his social reforms and economic programme, these problems persisted throughout his premiership, alongside recurrent currency crises and dependence on US aid. His party was narrowly defeated by the Conservatives in the 1951 general election, despite winning the most votes. He continued as Labour leader but retired after losing the 1955 election and was elevated to the House of Lords, where he served until his death in 1967. In public, he was modest and unassuming, but behind the scenes his depth of knowledge, quiet demeanour, objectivity and pragmatism proved decisive. He is often ranked as one of the greatest British prime ministers. In 2004, he was voted the most successful British Prime Minister of the 20th century by a poll of 139 academics. The majority of those responses singled out the Attlee government's welfare state reforms and the creation of the NHS as the key 20th century domestic policy achievements. He is also commended for continuing the 'Special Relationship' with the US and active involvement in NATO."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# When asked if he was an agnostic, UK prime minister Clement Attlee replied, \"I don't know.\"\n\n[Clement Attlee - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clement_Attlee)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Words that any modern politician knows would be professional suicide. Politicians aren't allowed to be uncertain about anything, we demand absolute certainty at all times. So we get politicians who will talk all around the houses, rather than give an honest \"don't know\". \n\nProblem is, it's the ones who are most certain they do know who do the most damage. A healthy amount of doubt and uncertainty ensures that you question everything you're doing as being the right thing.", "name": "Catherine"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Uh...isn't this reading into it a bit? I'm pretty sure it's a joke. Agnostic means \"unwilling or not well informed enough to take a position.\" AKA, \"I don't know.\" It's a witty way of saying \"yes\" to the question.", "name": "Abraham"}]

10fbhht

t5_2umfr

slinkslowdown

j4xjs0l

[{"role": "system", "content": "Lisa Marie Young was a 21-year-old Indigenous Canadian who disappeared from Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada on June 30, 2002. She had attended a local nightclub and two house parties, before accepting a ride to a fast-food restaurant, from a man, Christopher William Adair, she and her friends met earlier at the club. Although Young has never been found, her disappearance is being investigated as a homicide."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Lisa Marie Young was a 21-year-old Indigenous Canadian who disappeared from Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada on June 30, 2002. Although Young has never been found, her disappearance is being investigated as a homicide.\n\n[Disappearance of Lisa Marie Young - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disappearance_of_Lisa_Marie_Young)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Pretty sketchy they found the driver of the Jaguar that she was last seen in, but had no evidence to charge the person. Afterwards the Jaguar is steamcleaned and sold before police can\n do any testing, with the owner of the vehicle refusing to speak afterwards. Also the RMCP really dropped the ball with how slow they were to respond to this case.", "name": "Brandon"}, {"role": "user", "content": "You could *maybe* count on one hand the number of times the RMCP actually tried to help an indigenous person or community. The missing indigenous women in the US get more publicity, but its a problem in Canada too. Its another chapter in the long book of North American genocide on indigenous. And the worst part is there will never be justice for thousands of innocent women and children.", "name": "Alexander"}]

uuczch

t5_2umfr

lightiggy

i9esaui

[{"role": "system", "content": "World War II or the Second World War was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The vast majority of the world's countries, including all the great powers, fought as part of two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. Many participating countries invested all available economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities into this total war, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and delivery of the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. It was by far the deadliest conflict in history, resulting in 70–85 million fatalities. Millions died due to genocides, including the Holocaust, as well as starvation, massacres, and disease. In the wake of Axis defeat, Germany, Austria, and Japan were occupied, and war crime tribunals were conducted against German and Japanese leaders.\nThe causes of the war are debated; contributing factors included the rise of fascism in Europe, the Spanish Civil War, the Second Sino-Japanese War, Soviet–Japanese border conflicts, and tensions in the aftermath of World War I. World War II is generally considered to have begun on 1 September 1939, when Nazi Germany, under Adolf Hitler, invaded Poland. The United Kingdom and France declared war on Germany on 3 September. Under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939, Germany and the Soviet Union had partitioned Poland and marked out their \"spheres of influence\" across Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Romania. From late 1939 to early 1941, in a series of campaigns and treaties, Germany conquered or controlled much of continental Europe in a military alliance called the Axis with Italy, Japan, and other countries. Following the onset of campaigns in North and East Africa, and the fall of France in mid-1940, the war continued primarily between the European Axis powers and the British Empire, with the war in the Balkans, the aerial Battle of Britain, the Blitz of the UK, and the Battle of the Atlantic. In June 1941, Germany led the European Axis powers in an invasion of the Soviet Union, opening the Eastern Front, the largest land theatre of war in history.\nJapan aimed to dominate East Asia and the Asia-Pacific, and by 1937 was at war with the Republic of China. In December 1941, Japan attacked American and British territories with near-simultaneous offensives against Southeast Asia and the Central Pacific, including an attack on Pearl Harbor which resulted in the United States and the United Kingdom declaring war against Japan. The European Axis powers declared war on the US in solidarity. Japan soon conquered much of the western Pacific, but its advances were halted in 1942 after losing the critical Battle of Midway; Germany and Italy were defeated in North Africa and at Stalingrad in the Soviet Union. Key setbacks in 1943—including German defeats on the Eastern Front, the Allied invasions of Sicily and the Italian mainland, and Allied offensives in the Pacific—cost the Axis powers their initiative and forced them into strategic retreat on all fronts. In 1944, the Western Allies invaded German-occupied France, while the Soviet Union regained its territorial losses and pushed Germany and its allies back. During 1944–1945, Japan suffered reversals in mainland Asia, while the Allies crippled the Japanese Navy and captured key western Pacific islands. The war in Europe concluded with the liberation of German-occupied territories; the invasion of Germany by the Western Allies and the Soviet Union, culminating in the Fall of Berlin to Soviet troops; Hitler's suicide; and the German unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945. Following the refusal of Japan to surrender on the terms of the Potsdam Declaration, the US dropped the first atomic bombs on Hiroshima on 6 August and Nagasaki on 9 August. Faced with imminent invasion of the Japanese archipelago, the possibility of more atomic bombings, and the Soviet Union's declared entry into the war against Japan on the eve of invading Manchuria, Japan announced on 10 August its intention to surrender, signing a surrender document on 2 September 1945.\nWorld War II changed the political alignment and social structure of the world, and it set the foundation for the international order for the rest of the 20th century and into the 21st century. The United Nations was established to foster international cooperation and prevent conflicts, with the victorious great powers—China, France, the Soviet Union, the UK, and the US—becoming the permanent members of its Security Council. The Soviet Union and the United States emerged as rival superpowers, setting the stage for the Cold War. In the wake of European devastation, the influence of its great powers waned, triggering the decolonisation of Africa and Asia. Most countries whose industries had been damaged moved towards economic recovery and expansion.\n\nPaul Ogorzow (29 September 1912 – 26 July 1941), also known as the S-Bahn Murderer, was a German serial killer and rapist who was active in Nazi-era Berlin between 1939 and 1941, during the height of the Second World War. An employee of Deutsche Reichsbahn, he exploited the regular wartime blackouts in order to commit numerous murders and sex crimes, mostly targeting lone female passengers travelling aboard Berlin's S-Bahn commuter rail system, and solitary housewives whose husbands had been called up for military service. Following his arrest by the Kriminalpolizei, Ogorzow was convicted of killing of eight women and executed at Plötzensee Prison."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# During WWII, Berlin railway worker Paul Ogorzow exploited bombing raids, wartime blackouts, the ineffectiveness of Nazi police when it came to solving actual crimes, and his knowledge of the railways to go on a rape and murder spree across the city. He killed at least 8 women and raped dozens more.\n\n[Paul Ogorzow - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Ogorzow)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Reminds me of Gordon Cummins, the Blackout Ripper. He was in London and took advantage of blackouts to commit his murders during that time.", "name": "Noah"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "[Edward Leonski](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Leonski) exploited low-level lighting meant to conserve energy in Australia to commit rape-slayings. He was a U.S. Army Private."}]

e77d0n

t5_2umfr

carlin2345

f9xpzke

[{"role": "system", "content": "Sian Kingi (16 December 1974 – 27 November 1987) was a 12-year-old New Zealand-Australian girl of Maori descent who was abducted, raped and murdered in Noosa, Queensland in November 1987. Barrie John Watts and Valmae Faye Beck, a married couple, were convicted in 1988 of the much-publicised crime. Watts was sentenced to life imprisonment without parole. Beck would have been eligible for parole after 14.5 years, but died while she was still incarcerated."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# 12-year-old Australian girl, Sian Kingi, of Mori descent , was abducted, raped and murdered in 1986 after bending down to look for a couple's lost poodle.\n\n[Murder of Sian Kingi - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Sian_Kingi)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Im unsubscribing. Have fun reading about different kinds of rape. Wow, so creepy", "name": "Dylan"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Good luck. However, I dont know what you expected when you subscribed to this sub. If you subscribe to a sub like this, you should expect creepy stories. Rape happens to be extremely horrific and creepy, so yes, its going to be included here. \n\nYou need to start using your common sense. Dont subscribe to creepy subs if you dont want to hear about creepy stuff.", "name": "Carson"}]

p65psj

t5_2umfr

smallpeke

h9dbhkg

[{"role": "system", "content": "Herbert Butros Khaury (April 12, 1932 – November 30, 1996), also known as Herbert Buckingham Khaury, and known professionally as Tiny Tim, was an American musician and musical archivist. He is known for his 1968 hit song \"Tiptoe Through the Tulips\", which he sang in a falsetto voice."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# While performing his last number of the evening, Tiny Tim suffered another heart attack on stage in the middle of a rendition of his hit, \"Tiptoe Through the Tulips\".\n\n[Tiny Tim (musician) - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiny_Tim_(musician))"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Oh hey, he died and was buried near me.", "name": "Colton"}, {"role": "user", "content": "After reading \"buried near me\", I'm just going to assume you're a ghost", "name": "Isaac"}]

1bh41h1

t5_2qh3b

Vivitude

kvbrwse

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Scramble for Africa was the invasion, colonization, and partition of most of Africa among seven Western European powers during the era of \"New Imperialism\" (1833–1914). In 1870, 10% of the continent was formally under European control. By 1914, this figure had risen to almost 90%, with only Liberia and Ethiopia retaining their full sovereignty.The 1884 Berlin Conference regulated European colonization and trade in Africa, and is seen as emblematic of the \"scramble\". In the last quarter of the 19th century, there were considerable political rivalries between the European empires, which provided the impetus for the Scramble. The later years of the 19th century saw a transition from \"informal imperialism\" – military influence and economic dominance – to direct rule.With the decline of the European colonial empires in the wake of both world wars, most of their African possessions achieved independence during the Cold War. However, the old imperial boundaries and economic systems imposed by the Scramble continue to affect the politics and economies of African countries."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Scramble for Africa was the invasion, colonization, and partition of nearly all of Africa among European powers\n\n[Scramble for Africa - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scramble_for_Africa)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I'm reading King Leopold's Ghost about the Congo genocide and holy shit how the scope of this atrocity is not common knowledge is staggering.", "name": "Landon"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Yeah, Leopold and Cecil Rhodes are the equivalent to Hitler in parts of Africa.", "name": "Justin"}]

l2wau8

t5_2umfr

trissle_hippie

gk8t0h0

[{"role": "system", "content": "Cara Evelyn Knott (February 11, 1966 – December 27, 1986) was an American student at San Diego State University who disappeared on December 27, 1986, while driving from her boyfriend's home in Escondido, California, to her parents' house in El Cajon. The following day, December 28, her car was found on a dead-end road at the Mercy Road off-ramp from I-15 in San Diego County. Her body was recovered at the bottom of a 65-foot ravine nearby.\nHer killer, Craig Alan Peyer (born March 16, 1950, to Harold and Eileen Peyer), was a police officer and 13-year veteran of the California Highway Patrol (CHP). At Peyer's trial, it was revealed that he had been targeting women along the interstate and had made predatory sexual advances on multiple female drivers. He was convicted of Knott's murder in 1988."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Cara Knott was an American student who disappeared on December 27, 1986. On December 28 her body was recovered at the bottom of a ravine. Her killer, a police officer, was interviewed while covering the investigation of the murder and scratches, that were inflicted by Knott, are seen on his face.\n\n[Murder of Cara Knott - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Cara_Knott)"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "Here is the link to the video if interested: \n\n[https://youtu.be/CRclJ6ATObQ](https://youtu.be/CRclJ6ATObQ)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "The man in the plaid shirt they interview might just be the handsomest man Ive ever seen", "name": "Elijah"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Are you the guy in the video??", "name": "Francisco"}]

u7j7vv

t5_2qh3b

slinkslowdown

i5g6ge1

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Big Mac is a hamburger sold by the international fast food restaurant chain McDonald's. It was introduced in the Greater Pittsburgh area in 1967 and across the United States in 1968. It is one of the company's flagship products and signature dishes. The Big Mac contains two beef patties, cheese, shredded lettuce, pickles, minced onions, and a Thousand Island-type dressing advertised as \"special sauce\", on a three-slice sesame-seed bun."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# McDonald's sued Irish fast-food chain Supermac's for trademark infringement, claiming the name would confuse consumers. McDonald's submitted a copy of the Wikipedia article about the Big Mac as evidence, but the court found the Wikipedia page was not acceptable as \"independent evidence\".\n\n[Big Mac - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Mac#2019_EUIPO_trademark_revocation)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Seems very contentious to say it'd lead to confusion just because of the \"Mac\" / \"Mc\" in the names. It's very, very common in Gaelic originating names. That's a bit like Johnson and Johnson suing Jannsen because they include son/sen...", "name": "Adriana"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Funnily enough, J&J own Jannsen.", "name": "Abigail"}]

vjutsk

t5_2umfr

marilyn_mansonv2

idmma69

[{"role": "system", "content": "A Christian ( ) is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. Christians form the largest religious community in the world. The words Christ and Christian derive from the Koine Greek title Christós (Χριστός), a translation of the Biblical Hebrew term mashiach (מָשִׁיחַ) (usually rendered as messiah in English). While there are diverse interpretations of Christianity which sometimes conflict, they are united in believing that Jesus has a unique significance. The term Christian used as an adjective is descriptive of anything associated with Christianity or Christian churches, or in a proverbial sense \"all that is noble, and good, and Christ-like.\" It does not have a meaning of 'of Christ' or 'related or pertaining to Christ'.\nAccording to a 2011 Pew Research Center survey, there were 2.2 billion Christians around the world in 2010, up from about 600 million in 1910. Today, about 37% of all Christians live in the Americas, about 26% live in Europe, 24% live in sub-Saharan Africa, about 13% live in Asia and the Pacific, and 1% live in the Middle East and North Africa. Christians make up the majority of the population in 158 countries and territories. 280 million Christians live as a minority. About half of all Christians worldwide are Catholic, while more than a third are Protestant (37%). Orthodox communions comprise 12% of the world's Christians. Other Christian groups make up the remainder. By 2050, the Christian population is expected to exceed 3 billion. According to a 2012 Pew Research Center survey, Christianity will remain the world's largest religion in 2050, if current trends continue. In recent history, Christians have experienced persecution of varying severity, especially in the Middle-East, North Africa, East Asia, and South Asia.\n\nDominion theology, also known as dominionism, is a group of Christian political ideologies that seek to institute a nation governed by Christians and based on their understandings of biblical law. Extents of rule and ways of acquiring governing authority are varied. For example, dominion theology can include theonomy but does not necessarily involve advocacy of adherence to the Mosaic Law as the basis of government. The label is primarily applied to groups of Christians in the United States.\nProminent adherents of those ideologies include Calvinist Christian reconstructionism, Charismatic and Pentecostal Kingdom Now theology, and the New Apostolic Reformation. Most of the contemporary movements that are labeled dominion theology arose in the 1970s from religious movements asserting aspects of Christian nationalism. Roman Catholic integralism is also sometimes considered to fall under the dominionist umbrella, but the Catholic integralist movement is much older and theologically markedly different from Protestant dominionism since it is tied to the doctrine that the Catholic Church is the only true church."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Dominion theology (also known as dominionism) is a group of Christian political ideologies that seek to institute a nation which is governed by Christians and based on their understandings of biblical law.\n\n[Dominion theology - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominion_theology)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "So basically what theyre trying to do right now?", "name": "Isaiah"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Look up the [Family](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fellowship_%28Christian_organization%29?wprov=sfla1). They run a large part of Washington politics and believe that the rules of Christianity do not apply to the so called \"kings.\" You might know them from the National Prayer Breakfast which is their only public event.", "name": "Jillian"}]

118d4kz

t5_2qh3b

JimmyRecard

j9ioysi

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# U.S. Supreme Court Declines to Hear Wikimedia Foundations Challenge to NSA Mass Surveillance\n\n[U.S. Supreme Court Declines to Hear Wikimedia Foundation’s Challenge to NSA Mass Surveillance – Diff](https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/02/21/u-s-supreme-court-declines-to-hear-wikimedia-foundations-challenge-to-nsa-mass-surveillance/)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I love living in a country in which I have no say whether Im being spied on or not :)", "name": "Erin"}, {"role": "user", "content": "They can legally spy on a US citizen that lives anywhere on the planet, they don't even need to get a warrant for the first week of spying.", "name": "Chase"}]

xbx9ho

t5_2qh3b

CurrentRoster

io2vhox

[{"role": "system", "content": "Mark Kendall Bingham (May 22, 1970 – September 11, 2001) was an American public relations executive who founded his own company, the Bingham Group. During the September 11 attacks in 2001, he was a passenger on board United Airlines Flight 93. Bingham was among the passengers who, along with Todd Beamer, Tom Burnett and Jeremy Glick, formed the plan to retake the plane from the hijackers, and led the effort that resulted in the crash of the plane into a field near Shanksville, Pennsylvania, thwarting the hijackers' plan to crash the plane into a building in Washington, D.C., most likely either the U.S. Capitol Building or the White House.His heroic efforts on United Flight 93, as well as his athletic physique, were noted for having prompted a reassessment of gay stereotypes."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Mark Bingham was an American public relations executive who during 9/11, was a passenger on Flight 93 and along with 3 others formed the plan to retake the plane from the hijackers. His heroic efforts on United Flight 93 were noted for having prompted a reassessment of gay stereotypes.\n\n[Mark Bingham - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Bingham)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[deleted]"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I remember it was fairly well publicized, starting a week or so after the attacks, that Bingham was gay and that he played in a gay rugby league. It wasn't a headline news story, but it certainly was significant -- in 2001 -- that someone being recognized as a true American hero could also be gay.", "name": "Margaret"}]

mstf3b

t5_2qh3b

DullMignon

guwelk8

[{"role": "system", "content": "Dina Sanichar (1860 or 1861–1895) was a feral boy. A group of hunters discovered him among wolves in a cave in Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh, India in February 1867, at the age of around six.Sanichar was sent to the Secundra orphanage at Agra where he lived among other humans for over twenty years. He never learned to speak and remained seriously impaired his entire life."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Dina Sanichar the true inspiration behind'The Jungle Book'. Found by some hunters in a cave in Bulanshahr, India, Dina was a feral child raised by wolves. Forced to live in a human society for 20 years: couldn't learn how to walk or talk but got addicted to smoking and died of tuberculosis\n\n[Dina Sanichar - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dina_Sanichar)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "This leaves so many unanswered questions... like the wolves they just carried him around and raised him?\n\n\nEdit: a space and a letter.", "name": "Nicole"}, {"role": "user", "content": "It makes a bit of sense. Humans adopt animals all the time just because they look cute, maybe the wolves did something similar? Human babies are designed to look cute? \n\nThe lack of information also leads me to believe the story might have been bullshit or exaggerated.", "name": "Benjamin"}]

opju56

t5_2umfr

LifeIsPeachy1993

h68mp4t

[{"role": "system", "content": "Varnado Simpson (October 7, 1948 – May 4, 1997) was an U.S. Army soldier who participated in the My Lai Massacre, torturing, murdering, and mutilating multiple South Vietnamese civilians. He committed suicide nearly 30 years later."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Varnado Simpson - US Army soldier who participated in the My Lai Massacre, committed suicide from remorse\n\n[Varnado Simpson - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varnado_Simpson)"}, {"role": "user", "content": ">In 1977, Simpson's 10-year-old son was accidentally killed by a random shot fired by some neighborhood teenagers.Simpson recalled the day later by stating, \"He died in my arms. And when I looked at him, his face was like the same face of the child that I had killed. And I said: This is the punishment for killing the people that I killed.\"", "name": "Abigail"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Huh, people really believe in being the main character. How self-centered fo you have to be to see your child die and think: this is about me.", "name": "Sabrina"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Who else is it going to be about?", "name": "Andrew"}]

139rj08

t5_2qh3b

Kurma-the-Turtle

jj4msot

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Coronation Chair, also known as St Edward's Chair or King Edward's Chair, is an ancient wooden chair on which British monarchs sit when they are invested with regalia and crowned at their coronations. It was commissioned in 1296 by King Edward I to contain the Stone of Scone, which he had captured from the Scots. The chair was named after Edward the Confessor and for centuries (until 1997) it was kept in his shrine at Westminster Abbey."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Coronation Chair, commissioned in 1296 by King Edward I, is an ancient wooden chair which British monarchs sit when they are invested with regalia and crowned at their coronations, most recently used during the coronation of Charles III and Camilla.\n\n[Coronation Chair - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronation_Chair)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Theres graffiti etched on the chair. Wonder whats behind this?", "name": "Nevaeh"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[Graffiti and damage: Most of the graffiti on the back part of the Chair is the result of Westminster schoolboys and visitors carving their names in the 18th and 19th Centuries.](https://www.westminster-abbey.org/about-the-abbey/history/the-coronation-chair)", "name": "Preston"}]

ypmld3

t5_7811nr

ICantLeafYou

ivks5to

[{"role": "system", "content": "Chester the Molester (also known as Chester the Protector) was a comic strip by Dwaine B. Tinsley (December 31, 1945 – May 23, 2000), Hustler magazine's cartoon editor. Tinsley produced the strip for 13 years. The premise of the strip was a tongue-in-cheek take on a man, Chester, who was interested in sexually molesting women and prepubescent girls. The Chester cartoon showed many scenes in which the main character—and later on his girlfriend Hester—tricked or attempted to trick women and prepubescent girls into sexually compromising positions."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Chester The Molester: The comics showed many scenes in which the main character tricked or attempted to trick women and prepubescent girls into sexually compromising positions. While in prison for a molestation charge, the artist continued dispatching new comic strips to Hustler from his cell.\n\n[Chester the Molester - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chester_the_Molester)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "> In 1984, Tinsley was accused of molesting his 13-year-old daughter, Allison, over a period of five years. He was convicted and served 23 months of a six-year prison sentence\n\nWho could have seen that coming?", "name": "Bryson"}]

18lnz3w

t5_2umfr

Touristupdatenola

kdzgo67

[{"role": "system", "content": "Human infectious diseases may be characterized by their case fatality rate (CFR), the proportion of people diagnosed with a disease who die from it (cf. mortality rate). It should not be confused with the infection fatality rate (IFR), the estimated proportion of people infected by a disease-causing agent, including asymptomatic and undiagnosed infections, who die from the disease. IFR cannot be higher than the CFR and is often much lower, but is also much harder to calculate. This data is based on optimally treated patients and exclude isolated cases or minor outbreaks, unless otherwise indicated."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# List of human disease case fatality rates\n\n[List of human disease case fatality rates - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_human_disease_case_fatality_rates)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Weird we shut down the whole world for a virus with less than a 1% mortality rate", "name": "Benjamin"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Fuck off with this thought process though. Hospitals were absolutely bursting at the seams. People only had a 1% mortality rate due to medical care they received and other people would have died without access to that care, from COVID and other things.", "name": "Trenton"}]

65pm1p

t5_2qh3b

oneultralamewhiteboy

dgcarom

[{"role": "system", "content": "Skylab was the United States' first space station, launched by NASA, occupied for about 24 weeks between May 1973 and February 1974. It was operated by three trios of astronaut crews: Skylab 2, Skylab 3, and Skylab 4. Operations included an orbital workshop, a solar observatory, Earth observation and hundreds of experiments. Skylab's orbit eventually decayed and it disintegrated in the atmosphere on July 11, 1979, scattering debris across the Indian Ocean and Western Australia.\n\nSkylab 4 (also SL-4 and SLM-3) was the third crewed Skylab mission and placed the third and final crew aboard the first American space station.\nThe mission began on November 16, 1973, with the launch of Gerald P. Carr, Edward Gibson, and William R. Pogue in an Apollo command and service module on a Saturn IB rocket from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida, and lasted 84 days, one hour and 16 minutes. A total of 6,051 astronaut-utilization hours were tallied by the Skylab 4 astronauts performing scientific experiments in the areas of medical activities, solar observations, Earth resources, observation of the Comet Kohoutek and other experiments.\nThe crewed Skylab missions were officially designated Skylab 2, 3, and 4. Miscommunication about the numbering resulted in the mission emblems reading \"Skylab I\", \"Skylab II\", and \"Skylab 3\" respectively."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Skylab mutiny was a day-long mutiny held by the crew of Skylab 4 on December 28, 1973. The three-man crew refused communications from mission control for a full day, spending the day relaxing and looking at the Earth before resuming communication with NASA.\n\n[Skylab 4 - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skylab_mutiny)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "First found out about this in one of the House of Leaves citations. Apparently they were permanently grounded afterwards for the quasi-rebellion. Sounds like control was working them pretty hard.", "name": "Jayla"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "I found another source that says the Skylab mutiny never happened. They lost contact on accident. It's interesting either way."}]

v6le7l

t5_2umfr

lightiggy

ibhm2oz

[{"role": "system", "content": "During the Dachau liberation reprisals, German SS troops were killed by U.S. soldiers and concentration camp prisoners at the Dachau concentration camp on April 29, 1945, during World War II. It is unclear how many SS guards were killed in the incident, but most estimates place the number killed at around 35–50. In the days before the camp's liberation, SS guards at the camp had forced 7,000 inmates on a death march that resulted in the death of many from exposure and shooting. When Allied soldiers liberated Dachau, they were variously shocked, horrified, disturbed, and angered at finding the massed corpses of prisoners, and by the combativeness of some of the remaining guards who allegedly fired on them."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# When U.S. soldiers arrived at Dachau, they were so enraged by what they saw that they and other prisoners went on a summary execution spree. By the time Lieutenant Colonel Felix Sparks finally managed to halt the massacre, approximately 35 to 50 SS men had been shot, stabbed, and beaten to death.\n\n[Dachau liberation reprisals - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dachau_liberation_reprisals)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "A good example of the difference between legally justified and morally justified.", "name": "Jaden"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I wouldn't go so far as to call it \"morally justified\", since mass summary execution will never, not ever, meet that bar, IMO.\n\nAt the same time I'm not shedding a single tear over this and would pardon anyone who participated (which is exactly what happened).", "name": "Jeremy"}]

tx67hk

t5_2umfr

lightiggy

i3lqi2s

[{"role": "system", "content": "Simon Peter Nelson (October 2, 1931 – June 18, 2017) was an American mass murderer who was convicted of murdering his six children, aged 12, 10, 8, 7, 6, and 3. He also killed his dog."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# On January 7, 1978, in Rockford, Illinois, after his wife called him on the phone to say she didn't love him anymore and wanted a divorce, Simon Nelson took a knife and a rubber mallet and killed his six children, ages 3 to 12, as they were sleeping. He then drove over to Wisconsin to beat his wife.\n\n[Simon Nelson - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Nelson)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "\"If I could change history and there not be a crime...\" \n\nThese guys always use the passive voice to avoid responsibility. Watch for it at sentencings: \"I'm really sorry for what happened.\" They're never sorry for what they did.", "name": "Gabrielle"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Bingo, none of this remorse he showed ever included any personal responsibility for what he'd done. He's literally blaming his dead father for killing his own children. He totally deserved to never see the light of day.", "name": "Isabelle"}]

10infkb

t5_2qh3b

blankblank

j5h0n4y

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Promethean gap (German: prometheisches Gefälle) is a concept concerning the relations of humans and technology and a growing \"asynchronization\" between them. In popular formulations, the gap refers to an inability or incapacity of human faculties to imagine the effects of the technologies that humans produce, specifically the negative effects. The concept originated with philosopher Günther Anders in the 1950s and for him, an extreme test case was the atomic bomb and its use at Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945, a symbol of the larger technology revolution that the 20th century was witnessing. The gap has been extended to and understood within multiple variations – a gap between production and ideology; production and imagination; production and need; production and use; technology and the body; doing and imagining; and doing and feeling. The gap can also be seen in areas such as law and in the actions of legislatures and policymakers.Various authors use different words to explain Gefälle, accordingly resulting in Promethean divide, Promethean disjunction, Promethean discrepancy, Promethean gradient, Promethean slope, Promethean decline, Promethean incline, Promethean disparity, Promethean lag, and Promethean differential."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Promethean gap refers to a growing asynchronization between humans and their technologies. It is theorized to stem from a human inability or incapacity to imagine the negative effects of their innovations. The gap can also be seen in areas such as law and in the actions of policymakers.\n\n[Promethean gap - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promethean_gap)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Sounds like some of AI advocates recently in regards to complaints from artists. We're not in a good position for AI and robotics to really start taking jobs because Capitalism and the lack of social safety nets. Yet that doesn't mean AI shouldn't be developed, we just have to be faster at adapting to change even at the highest levels otherwise it will literally start costing lives.", "name": "Eli"}, {"role": "user", "content": "This is why the infighting in the Anti AI movement bothers me.\n\nAI has truly caused some artists to go insane. Artists attacking artists for having art styles they deem to be to close to AI. Artists attacking artists who are simply bad at drawing hands.\n\nArtists attacking people who are simply using AI for fun personal use and aren't even looking to profit off of it. Artists attacking disabled people who are having fun with AI, and shaming them for not spending their disability checks on commissions.\n\nThe anti-AI movement is going to crash and burn with all this infighting. A lot of them worry more about philosophical debates over what is and isnt art rather than the real human cost AI art will have. \n\nAs someone studying computer science im next on the chopping block yet its still hard for me to empathize with AI artists simply because the online art community has always been fucking insane and toxic, and AI art has just made all the crazies even crazier.", "name": "Thomas"}]

zwk68l

t5_2qh3b

Pupikal

j1vzjw3

[{"role": "system", "content": "Byron Raymond \"Whizzer\" White (June 8, 1917 – April 15, 2002) was an American lawyer, jurist, and professional football player who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1962 until 1993. By his retirement, he was its only sitting Democrat and the last-living member of the progressive Warren Court.\nBorn and raised in a small homestead in Wellington, Colorado, White distinguished himself as a student athlete who came from a background of poor farmhands to become a consensus All-American halfback for the Colorado Buffaloes. After being the runner-up for the Heisman Trophy in 1937, he was selected in the 1938 NFL Draft by the Pittsburgh Pirates for the National Football League (NFL). He led the league in rushing yards during his rookie season. White graduated from the University of Colorado Boulder as class valedictorian, attaining a Rhodes Scholarship to study at Oxford University. After World War II forced him to return to the United States, he matriculated at Yale Law School, played for the Detroit Lions in the 1940 and 1941 seasons while still enrolled, and served as an officer for the United States Navy in the Pacific Theatre.\nWhite graduated from law school with honors in 1946 and clerked for Chief Justice Fred M. Vinson. He eschewed work for a white-shoe firm and returned to Colorado in order to enter private practice in Denver as a transactional attorney. Minor work as the Colorado state chair of John F. Kennedy's 1960 presidential campaign led to him being unexpectedly tapped in 1961 for a position as U.S. Deputy Attorney General. He was successfully nominated by Kennedy to the Supreme Court the next year, becoming the Court's first justice from Colorado.\nWhite espoused a pragmatic and non-doctrinaire judicial approach which strengthened the powers of the federal government, advocated for the desegregation of public schools, and upheld the use of affirmative action. Though expected to be a reliably liberal justice, he was by contrast a vociferous opponent of substantive due process, penning dissents in both Miranda v. Arizona and Roe v. Wade. White wrote the majority opinion in Bowers v. Hardwick (upholding the ability for states to restrict homosexual conduct) and dissented in Runyon v. McCrary (against the ability for the government to restrict racial discrimination in private schools) and Planned Parenthood v. Casey. Due to his unwillingness to align with either the liberal or conservative blocs, White was largely orientated with the Court's center."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Byron White, Supreme Court justice: Heisman Trophy runner-up, led the NFL in rushing as a rookie. Rhodes scholar, attended Yale Law while playing for the Detroit Lions. Intelligence officer with the Navy during WWII; after the war, he graduated from Yale Law School ranked first in his class.\n\n[Byron White - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byron_White)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Wikipedia needs to tone down the requests for donations. The usual banner, a second banner when I clicked off page, and a third while scrolling. \n\nThey dont even need the money, they're trying to build an endowment. Give it a rest\n\nedit: a word", "name": "Jillian"}, {"role": "user", "content": "They should read the Wikipedia page on Aggressive Panhandling.", "name": "Steven"}]

1bb5qej

t5_2umfr

wishingidbeensomeone

ku8mf09

[{"role": "system", "content": "Richard Dadd (1 August 1817 – 7 January 1886) was an English painter of the Victorian era, noted for his depictions of fairies and other supernatural subjects, Orientalist scenes, and enigmatic genre scenes, rendered with obsessively minuscule detail. Most of the works for which he is best known were created while he was a patient in Bethlem and Broadmoor hospitals."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Richard Dadd was a mentally ill outsider artist known for his highly detailed paintings which often depicted supernatural beings such as fairies. In august of 1843 Dadd murdered his father while under the belief that he was the Devil. He would be institutionalised in the infamous Broadmoor hospital\n\n[Richard Dadd - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Dadd)"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "I love his work, one of the all time great maximalist painters"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Why did you say he was an outsider artist? He was formally trained.", "name": "Diana"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "I was under the impression that outsider art referred to art made by social outsiders and people who are operating outside of art trends, rather than being about skill or training but I could be wrong. He was referred to as an outsider artist in the Uni class I heard about him in but it wasnt an art class (religious studies class on the poem Goblin Market) so they could have been misusing the term\n\nEdit: typo"}, {"role": "user", "content": "My understanding is that it refers to people who are self-taught", "name": "Morgan"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "Looks like youre right, thanks for the correction. Ive been misusing the term for like 7 years lol"}]

grn7g2

t5_2umfr

Trippy415

fs1azuj

[{"role": "system", "content": "On March 1, 1932, Charles Augustus Lindbergh Jr. (born June 22, 1930), the 20-month-old son of colonel Charles Lindbergh and his wife Anne Morrow Lindbergh, was abducted from his crib in the upper floor of the Lindberghs' home, Highfields, in East Amwell, New Jersey, United States. On May 12, the child's corpse was discovered by a truck driver by the side of a nearby road.In September 1934, a German immigrant carpenter named Bruno Richard Hauptmann was arrested for the crime. After a trial that lasted from January 2 to February 13, 1935, he was found guilty of first-degree murder and sentenced to death. Despite his conviction, he continued to profess his innocence, but all appeals failed and he was executed in the electric chair at the New Jersey State Prison on April 3, 1936. Hauptmann's guilt or lack thereof continues to be debated in the modern day. Newspaper writer H. L. Mencken called the kidnapping and trial \"the biggest story since the Resurrection\". Legal scholars have referred to the trial as one of the \"trials of the century\". The crime spurred the U.S. Congress to pass the Federal Kidnapping Act (commonly referred to as the \"Little Lindbergh Law\"), which made transporting a kidnapping victim across state lines a federal crime."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Lindbergh Kidnapping. After a month of extensive searching, receiving letters from the kidnapper, Desperately acquiring help from a few political \"Elites\" and possibly the East coast Mafia. The baby was found dead after fulfilling the kidnapper's ransom.\n\n[Lindbergh kidnapping - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindbergh_kidnapping)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "The baby himself fulfilled the ransom and still died? Tragic.\n\n\n>According to author Lloyd Gardner, a fingerprint expert, Dr. Erastus Mead Hudson, applied the then-rare silver nitrate fingerprint process to the ladder, and did not find Hauptmann's fingerprints, even in places that the maker of the ladder must have touched. According to Gardner, officials refused to consider this expert's findings, and **the ladder was then washed of all fingerprints**.\n\nJokes aside, the fact that crucial evidence was destroyed because it weakened the case against Hauptmann being the kidnapper is disgusting. Is it really more important for someone to be punished, even if the suspect is innocent, rather than the case remain open?", "name": "Justin"}, {"role": "user", "content": "That's kind of how the cops have always worked. They'd much rather just put someone away and get the credit/not get in trouble for it than complicate an open/shut case with things like \"evidence\" or \"reasonable doubt\"", "name": "Angelina"}]

jll7zu

t5_2qh3b

the_letter_777

gaq1yer

[{"role": "system", "content": "Election day or polling day is the day on which general elections are held. In many countries, general elections are always held on a Saturday or Sunday, to enable as many voters as possible to participate; while in other countries elections are always held on a weekday. However, some countries, or regions within a country, which hold elections on a weekday declare election day a public holiday. Countries which permit absentee ballots, early ballots or postal votes to be cast by mail before the election avoid the problem altogether by enabling voters to vote on a day that is more convenient to them.\nSundays are the most common day for elections, but this is less true in the Anglosphere; Saturdays are used in New Zealand and Australia, and weekdays for the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada. This is partially due to the influence of Protestantism, which historically set restrictions on activities other than church-going during the Sabbath (usually considered as falling on a Sunday).An election day usually culminates in an election night when the results of the election are tallied and winners are announced.\n\nIn American politics, a blue shift, also called a red mirage, is an observed phenomenon under which counts of in-person votes are more likely than overall vote counts to be for the Republican Party (whose party color is red), while provisional votes or absentee ballots, which are often counted later, are more likely than overall vote counts to be for the Democratic Party (whose color is blue). This means that election day results can initially indicate a Republican is ahead, but adding provisional ballots and absentee ballots into the count can eventually show a Democratic victory.\nConfusion about the blue shift phenomenon has led some Republicans to call the legitimacy of elections into question when, in fact, the election results were legitimate. Blue shift occurs because young voters, low-income voters, and voters who relocate often are likely both to vote provisionally and to lean Democratic. This phenomenon remains poorly understood by the general public and election experts, and can cause confusion given that Americans are accustomed to learning projected results on election day and often assume the projected results announced then are an accurate representation of final results."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Blue shift is an phenomenon where election day results can initially indicate a Republican is ahead but adding provisional ballots into the count can eventually show a Democratic victory. This can lead observers to call into question the election legitimacy , when in fact the results are legitimate.\n\n[Blue shift (politics) - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_shift_(politics))"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Doesnt this happen in both directions? Democrats tend to vote earlier than republicans do and so results frequently show democrats ahead but then republicans actually show up on Election Day and swing the results?", "name": "Nathaniel"}, {"role": "user", "content": "AFAIK election results aren't released until Election Night, so how would results show Democrats ahead before Election Day if results aren't available until after Election Day?"}, {"role": "user", "content": "They do exit polling. Phone polling to registered voters and ask if they have voted already and who they voted for. Same as how we know results in election night before the count is in.\n\nIts a valid question though", "name": "Cassidy"}]

gek3tz

t5_2umfr

Paintguin

fpoclvw

[{"role": "system", "content": "Begotten is a 1989 American experimental horror film written, directed, and produced by E. Elias Merhige. It stars Brian Salsberg, Donna Dempsy, Stephen Charles Barry, and members of Merhige's theatre company, Theatreofmaterial. Its unconventional narrative depicts the suicide of a godlike figure and the resulting births of Mother Earth and the Son of Earth, who set out on a journey across a barren landscape. The film does not contain dialogue, with its visual style evoking early silent films.\nThe film's storyline draws upon creation myths in Christian mythology, Celtic mythology, and Slavic paganism, featuring narrative motifs and religious imagery that reoccur throughout Merhige's work. Other influences include the transgressive artist Antonin Artaud and the philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche. The film's visual style was inspired by Georges Franju's Blood of the Beasts, Akira Kurosawa's Seven Samurai, Stan Brakhage's The Act of Seeing with One's Own Eyes, and The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari.\nBegotten was originally conceived as a work of experimental theatre featuring dance and live music. It become a film project after Merhige realized that his vision would be too expensive to produce live. The film was shot on location in New York City and New Jersey over five and a half months. After it was completed, Merhige spent two years trying to find a distributor willing to market it. The film debuted at the Montreal World Film Festival, and later screened at the San Francisco International Film Festival, with the film critics Tom Luddy and Peter Scarlet in attendance. Impressed by its cinematographer and visual imagery, the two brought it to the attention of the critic Susan Sontag, whose enthusiastic praise and private screening to critics and filmmakers in her own home were instrumental to its eventual release.\nAlthough it was largely ignored by mainstream critics, and the few contemporary reviews were mixed to positive, it has since attained cult film status and influenced several avant-garde film-makers, visual artists and musicians. The film's scarcity on home video prompted fans to circulate their own bootleg copies, a phenomenon described as a \"copy-cult\" by the film studies scholar Ernest Mathijs. Merhige produced two sequels to Begotten: 2006's Din of Celestial Birds and 2022's Polia & Blastema: A Cosmic Opera. Both are short films."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Begotten, a 1989 dark fantasy film that contains depictions of self mutilation\n\n[Begotten (film) - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begotten_(film))"}, {"role": "user", "content": "For those that are curious, the full film:\nhttps://youtu.be/YGeyM38DZ50", "name": "Lucy"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Did the film the entire thing on a potato? I can barely tell what's going on", "name": "Mia"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Hand processed 16mm. So yeah, a potato.", "name": "Brooklyn"}]

wkfssf

t5_2qh3b

OMGWTFBBQHAXLOL

ijo2xqv

[{"role": "system", "content": "On August 8, 2004, a tour bus belonging to the Dave Matthews Band dumped an estimated 800 pounds (360 kg) of human waste from the bus's blackwater tank through the Kinzie Street Bridge in Chicago onto an open top passenger sightseeing boat sailing in the Chicago River below.\nAs part of a 2005 legal settlement, the band agreed to pay $200,000 to environmental protection and other projects (equivalent to $300,000 in 2022). The band also donated $100,000 to two groups that protect the river and the surrounding area (equivalent to $150,000 in 2022). The band's bus driver, Stefan Wohl, pleaded guilty to dumping the waste in April 2005."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# On August 8, 2004, over the Kinzie Street Bridge in Chicago, a tour bus belonging to the Dave Matthews Band dumped an estimated 800 pounds of human waste from the bus's septic tank onto the passenger sightseeing boat Chicago's Little Lady sailing in the Chicago River below.\n\n[Dave Matthews Band Chicago River incident - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dave_Matthews_Band_Chicago_River_incident)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "How is it even possibly to simply dump the waste? I thought it had to be connected to a system that sucked it out or something. This shouldnt be possible.", "name": "Jennifer"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Same, and I came to the comments hoping that some tour-bus-driving Reddit expert could explain exactly why the fuck anyone could or would empty it on a bridge. Ive apparently arrived before the expert", "name": "Bryson"}]

1b4bs3k

t5_2qh3b

oneultralamewhiteboy

ksy52uj

[{"role": "system", "content": "Dietrich Hugo Hermann von Choltitz (German pronunciation: [ˈdiːtʁɪç fɔn ˈkɔltɪts]; 9 November 1894 – 5 November 1966) was a German general. Sometimes referred to as the Saviour of Paris, he served in the Wehrmacht (armed forces) of Nazi Germany during World War II, as well as serving in the Reichswehr of the Weimar Republic, and the Royal Saxon Army during World War I.\nBorn into an aristocratic Prussian family with a long history of military service, Choltitz joined the army at a young age and saw service on the Western Front during the First World War (1914–1918). He rose to the rank of Leutnant by the end of the war and was active in the interwar period helping Germany rebuild its armed forces. In September 1939, during the invasion of Poland at the beginning of World War II, he was serving in Gerd von Rundstedt's Army Group South. In May 1940, Choltitz participated in the Battle of Rotterdam, making an air landing and seizing some of the city's key bridges.\nCholtitz is chiefly remembered for his role as the last commander of Nazi-occupied Paris in 1944, when he allegedly disobeyed Adolf Hitler's orders to destroy the city, and instead surrendered it to Free French forces when they entered the city on 25 August. Choltitz later asserted that his defiance of Hitler's direct order stemmed from its obvious military futility, his affection for the French capital's history and culture, and his belief that Hitler had by then become insane. Other sources suggest that he had little control of the city thanks to the operations of the French Resistance, and could not have carried out such orders anyway."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Dietrich von Choltitz, a Nazi who defied Hitler's orders to destroy Paris and the Eiffel tower and is nicknamed the Saviour of Paris, but may not have actually had the power to do so anyway.\n\n[Dietrich von Choltitz - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietrich_von_Choltitz)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[deleted]"}, {"role": "user", "content": "He fought on behalf of the Nazis. He willingly participated in the fucking holocaust. He was a fucking Nazi.", "name": "Erick"}]

n6dfjj

t5_2qh3b

captain_crozier

gx7tjy5

[{"role": "system", "content": "Treblinka (pronounced [trɛˈbliŋka]) was the second-deadliest extermination camp to be built and operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland during World War II. It was in a forest north-east of Warsaw, 4 km (2.5 mi) south of the village of Treblinka in what is now the Masovian Voivodeship. The camp operated between 23 July 1942 and 19 October 1943 as part of Operation Reinhard, the deadliest phase of the Final Solution. During this time, it is estimated that between 700,000 and 900,000 Jews were murdered in its gas chambers, along with 2,000 Romani people. More Jews were murdered at Treblinka than at any other Nazi extermination camp apart from Auschwitz-Birkenau.Managed by the German SS with assistance from Trawniki guards – recruited from among Soviet POWs to serve with the Germans – the camp consisted of two separate units. Treblinka I was a forced-labour camp (Arbeitslager) whose prisoners worked in the gravel pit or irrigation area and in the forest, where they cut wood to fuel the cremation pits. Between 1941 and 1944, more than half of its 20,000 inmates were murdered via shootings, hunger, disease and mistreatment.The second camp, Treblinka II, was an extermination camp (Vernichtungslager), referred to euphemistically as the SS-Sonderkommando Treblinka by the Nazis. A small number of Jewish men who were not murdered immediately upon arrival became members of its Sonderkommando whose jobs included being forced to bury the victims' bodies in mass graves. These bodies were exhumed in 1943 and cremated on large open-air pyres along with the bodies of new victims. Gassing operations at Treblinka II ended in October 1943 following a revolt by the prisoners in early August. Several Trawniki guards were killed and 200 prisoners escaped from the camp; almost a hundred survived the subsequent pursuit. The camp was dismantled in late 1943. A farmhouse for a watchman was built on the site and the ground ploughed over in an attempt to hide the evidence of genocide.In the postwar Polish People's Republic, the government bought most of the land where the camp had stood, and built a large stone memorial there between 1959 and 1962. In 1964, Treblinka was declared a national monument of Jewish martyrdom in a ceremony at the site of the former gas chambers. In the same year, the first German trials were held regarding the crimes committed at Treblinka by former SS members. After the end of communism in Poland in 1989, the number of visitors coming to Treblinka from abroad increased. An exhibition centre at the camp opened in 2006. It was later expanded and made into a branch of the Siedlce Regional Museum."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Treblinka was an extermination camp, built and operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland during World War II. Between 700,000 and 900,000 Jews were killed in its gas chambers, along with 2,000 Romani people, in its operation from July 1942 to October 1943.\n\n[Treblinka extermination camp - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treblinka_extermination_camp)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "900,000 people in fifteen months equals over two thousand killed a day, on average. An entire small town's worth of people, gone every single day. \n\nThe scope of atrocities like the Holocaust really does defy imagination.", "name": "Timothy"}, {"role": "user", "content": "What's most chilling about Treblinka is the budget scale of the operation. Three acres, about 25 German officers and soldiers and 100 local workers at any one time, and a salvaged tank engine, and they murdered almost a million people in a year and a half. It seems impossible, but Hitler would have had no problem from a logistical standpoint of carrying out his goal of exterminating the USSR had he won.", "name": "Kaden"}]

x90h82

t5_2qh3b

Mick_Stup

inlcgpk

[{"role": "system", "content": "Operation London Bridge was the funeral plan for Queen Elizabeth II. The plan included the announcement of her death, the period of official mourning, and the details of her state funeral. The plan was created as early as the 1960s and revised many times in the years before her death in September 2022.\nThe phrase \"London Bridge is down\" was used to communicate the death of the Queen to the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and key personnel, setting the plan into motion. Bodies involved in preparing the plan included various government departments, the Church of England, Metropolitan Police Service, the British Armed Forces, the media, the Royal Parks, London boroughs, the Greater London Authority and Transport for London. Some critical decisions relating to the plan were made by the Queen herself, while some were left to be determined by her successor. Reporting on the preparations, The Guardian described them as \"planned to the minute\" with \"arcane and highly specific\" details.Several other plans were also created to support the implementation of Operation London Bridge, such as Operation Unicorn (the plan that detailed what was to happen if Elizabeth were to die in Scotland, which she did). Running concurrently with Operation London Bridge were operations concerning King Charles III's accession to the throne and coronation. Several Commonwealth realms developed their own plans for how to react to the death of the Queen."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Operation London Bridge is the plan for what will happen in the United Kingdom on and immediately after the death of Queen Elizabeth II. It includes planning for the announcement of her death, the period of official mourning, and the details of her state funeral.\n\n[Operation London Bridge - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_London_Bridge)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[deleted]"}, {"role": "user", "content": "The family travelling to be there indicates it's likely the end.", "name": "Shawn"}]

d102k9

t5_2umfr

piratedeathmatch

ezge10v

[{"role": "system", "content": "Long-term nuclear waste warning messages are communication attempts intended to deter human intrusion at nuclear waste repositories in the far future, within or above the order of magnitude of 10,000 years. Nuclear semiotics is an interdisciplinary field of research, first done by the American Human Interference Task Force in 1981.\nA 1993 report from Sandia National Laboratories recommended that such messages be constructed at several levels of complexity. They suggested that the sites should include foreboding physical features which would immediately convey to future visitors that the site was both man-made and dangerous, as well as providing pictographic information attempting to convey some details of the danger, and written explanations for those able to read it."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# This place is not a place of honor.\n\n[Long-term nuclear waste warning messages - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-time_nuclear_waste_warning_messages)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "The wording seems way too flowery and convoluted. If these messages are to stand the test of time, both because of physical wear and because of linguistic change, the statements should be written in very clear, basic language. Like, \"This place will kill you. If you wish to live, leave this place. There is nothing here but death. There is nothing of value here. Curiosity will cost your life.\"\n\nSome of these are so enigmatically written that I don't think most modern people would be able to comprehend it easily, let alone people of the far future. I mean, just look at this: \"The danger is in a particular location... it increases towards a center... the center of danger is here... of a particular size and shape, and below us.\"", "name": "Isaiah"}, {"role": "user", "content": "This commentary has been deleted in protest of the egregious misuse of social power committed by Reddit Inc. Please consider supporting a more open alternative such as Ruqqus. www.ruqqus.com", "name": "Serenity"}]

lnoaao

t5_2umfr

jsa4ever

go21qwa

[{"role": "system", "content": "Elisa Izquierdo (February 11, 1989 – November 22, 1995) was a six-year-old Puerto Rican–Cuban-American girl who died of a brain hemorrhage inflicted by her mother, Awilda Lopez, at the peak of a prolonged and escalating campaign of physical, mental, emotional, and sexual abuse conducted between 1994 and 1995.\nDescribed by authorities as the \"worst case of child abuse they had ever seen,\" Elisa's story made national headlines when it was discovered that New York City's child welfare system (now the Administration for Children's Services) had missed numerous opportunities to intervene in her case and ultimately save her life. These failures to protect Elisa subsequently became the inspiration for Elisa's Law, a major restructuring of the city's child welfare system; increasing accountability of all parties involved in child welfare and reducing areas of confidentiality relating to public disclosure in cases of this nature. Elisa's Law was implemented in February 1996.Elisa has been referred to as a modern-day Cinderella because she had at first been under the protection of a loving father and had befriended Prince Michael of Greece⁠‍—‍who had offered to pay for her private tuition until 12th grade‍—‍before being placed into the permanent custody of her mother."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Murder of Elisa Izquierdo- after her loving and stable father passed, she was sent to live with crack addicted mother. What followed has been described as the worst case of child abuse in New York history. Her grave marker reads: world please watch over the children\n\n[Murder of Elisa Izquierdo - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Elisa_Izquierdo)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "It's disgusting the amount of evidence that was presented to the judge and she still sided with the mother.", "name": "Jonah"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Sounds like she didn't even read the case. Just \"yep the kid is supposed to go to the parent, sounds good to me\" and that was it. Complacency and neglecting the seat she held.", "name": "Lily"}]

z7wan4

t5_2qh3b

blankblank

iy8lqwd

[{"role": "system", "content": "A rough ride is a form of police brutality in which a handcuffed prisoner is placed in a police van or other patrol vehicle without a seatbelt, and is thrown violently about as the vehicle is driven erratically. Rough rides have been implicated in a number of injuries sustained in police custody, and commentators have speculated that the practice contributed to the death of Freddie Gray in Baltimore, Maryland, in April 2015. Throughout the U.S., police have been accused of using aggressive driving tactics to \"rough suspects up\", resulting in numerous injuries, and millions of dollars of damages awarded to victims and their families.Baltimore lawyer Phil Federico described the practice as \"definitely intentional\", saying \"they're unbelted, the inside of these wagons are not padded, they can't protect themselves, and they get thrown from one side to the other, usually landing on their head, and fracturing their neck.\" The practice has been described as torture by Philadelphia based activist and academic Marc Lamont Hill. University of South Carolina professor Geoffrey Alpert, an expert in police use of force, has asserted that the practice was common in the 1980s and 1990s, but has become less so with the increased presence of video recording equipment in police vehicles. There are no reliable records of the frequency of these incidents.Other terms for the practice include \"nickel ride\" (a reference to carnival rides), \"cowboy ride\", \"joyride\", \"bringing them up front\" (referring to sudden braking), and \"screen test\" (as the prisoner may hit the protective screen behind the driver)."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# A rough ride is a form of police brutality in which a handcuffed prisoner is placed in a police van or other patrol vehicle without a seatbelt, and is thrown violently about as the vehicle is driven erratically.\n\n[Rough ride (police brutality) - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rough_ride_(police_brutality))"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I sat next to a Philadelphia police officer at a graduation dinner for his son. It took the officer only about ten minutes to be comfortable enough with me, a person he'd never met before, to boast to me about the rough rides that were part of his routine work in the city.", "name": "Alana"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Gross. Did you report the scumbag's criminal admissions to the FBI? They take reports of law enforcement crime.", "name": "Emma"}]

17osk6s

t5_2qh3b

shoegaze5

k80uq3x

[{"role": "system", "content": "Wikipedia is a free-content online encyclopedia written and maintained by a community of volunteers, known as Wikipedians, through open collaboration and the use of the wiki-based editing system MediaWiki. Wikipedia is the largest and most-read reference work in history. It is consistently ranked as one of the ten most popular websites in the world, and as of 2024 is ranked the fifth most visited website on the Internet by Semrush. Founded by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger on January 15, 2001, Wikipedia is hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, an American nonprofit organization that employs a staff of over 700 people. Unfortunately, much of the info found on wikipedia is wrong, because the small-minded nerds who run it don't allow CORRECT info to be added to THEIR pages. They jealously guard their little pieces of territory from anyone who would DARE to enter CORRECT info. This is why wikipedia is viewed as an unreliable source of info by people all over the world.\nInitially only available in English, editions in other languages have been developed. Wikipedia's editions, when combined, comprise more than 62 million articles, attracting around 2 billion unique device visits per month and more than 14 million edits per month (about 5.2 edits per second on average) as of November 2023. Roughly 26% of Wikipedia's traffic is from the United States, followed by Japan at 5.9%, the United Kingdom at 5.4%, Germany at 5%, Russia at 4.8%, and the remaining 54% split among other countries, according to data provided by Similarweb.Wikipedia has been praised for its enablement of the democratization of knowledge, extent of coverage, unique structure, and culture. It has been criticized for exhibiting systemic bias, particularly gender bias against women and geographical bias against the Global South (Eurocentrism). While the reliability of Wikipedia was frequently criticized in the 2000s, it has improved over time, receiving greater praise in the late 2010s and early 2020s, having become an important fact-checking site.Wikipedia has been censored by some national governments, ranging from specific pages to the entire site. Articles on breaking news are often accessed as sources for frequently updated information about those events."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Ive only ever made 2 edits on Wikipedia, both approved and normal. Anyone else ever had this happen?\n\n"}, {"role": "user", "content": "IP addresses can change over time as most ISPs shuffle the addresses between customers as people connect and disconnect service. At some point you likely received an IP address that was banned as a result of someone else's bad actions in the past.", "name": "Megan"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Even resetting a router lifts IP bans sometimes", "name": "Natalie"}]

j7g1j1

t5_2qh3b

the_letter_777

g84wuwa

[{"role": "system", "content": "Chicken George was a campaign tactic in the 1992 U.S. presidential election, where one or more people in chicken costumes heckled President George H. W. Bush over his refusal to participate in a debate with Democratic candidate Bill Clinton."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Chicken George was a campaign tactic in the 1992 U.S. presidential election, where one or more people in chicken costumes heckled President George H. W. Bush over his refusal to participate in a debate with Democratic candidate Bill Clinton.\n\n[Chicken George (politics) - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken_George_(politics))"}, {"role": "user", "content": "> The Bush campaign also engaged in fowl play, releasing live ducks at a Clinton campaign event while Bush supporters used duck calls. The campaign sought to draw attention to the notion that Bill Clinton had \"ducked\" the draft to avoid military service during the Vietnam War.\n\nHa! Remember when ducking the draft was enough to endanger a candidate's campaign?", "name": "Brooklyn"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Fowl play is a great pun lol", "name": "Jeffrey"}]

m5wi5n

t5_2umfr

cuebas

gr3ldy1

[{"role": "system", "content": "Charles Bonnet (French: [bɔnɛ]; 13 March 1720 – 20 May 1793) was a Genevan naturalist and philosophical writer. He is responsible for coining the term phyllotaxis to describe the arrangement of leaves on a plant. He was among the first to notice parthenogenetic reproduction in aphids and established that insects respired through their spiracles. He was among the first to use the term \"evolution\" in a biological context. Deaf from an early age, he also suffered from failing eyesight and had to make use of assistants in later life to help in his research."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Visual release hallucinations, also known as Charles Bonnet syndrome or CBS, are a type of psychophysical visual disturbance and the experience of complex visual hallucinations in a person with partial or severe blindness.\n\n[Visual release hallucinations - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_release_hallucinations?wprov=sfla1)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "There was a really good creepypasta written about this. I cant remember the name though", "name": "Edwin"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[This one?](https://amp.reddit.com/r/nosleep/comments/68nir5/charles_bonnet_syndrome/)", "name": "Steven"}]

m4lhel

t5_2umfr

cuebas

gqvdbz1

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# \"The Cure for Insomnia\" is a film that has no plot, instead consisting of artist L. D. Groban reading his 4,080-page poem A Cure for Insomnia over the course of three and a half days, spliced with occasional clips from heavy metal and pornographic videos.\n\n[The Cure for Insomnia - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cure_for_Insomnia?wprov=sfla1)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "In other words, pretentious horseshit."}, {"role": "user", "content": "Well, kind of. The gimmick is that the artist made it that way because he really does want to put you to sleep if you watch it. Its supposed to literally be a cure for insomnia", "name": "Joseph"}]

i167it

t5_2qh3b

slinkslowdown

fzvvpzo

[{"role": "system", "content": "Zoopharmacognosy is a behaviour in which non-human animals self-medicate by selecting and ingesting or topically applying plants, soils and insects with medicinal properties, to prevent or reduce the harmful effects of pathogens, toxins, and even other animals. The term derives from Greek roots zoo (\"animal\"), pharmacon (\"drug, medicine\"), and gnosy (\"knowing\").\nAn example of zoopharmacognosy occurs when dogs eat grass to induce vomiting. However, the behaviour is more diverse than this. Animals ingest or apply non-foods such as clay, charcoal and even toxic plants and invertebrates, apparently to prevent parasitic infestation or poisoning.Whether animals truly self-medicate remains a somewhat controversial subject because early evidence is mostly circumstantial or anecdotal. However, more recent examinations have adopted an experimental, hypothesis-driven approach.\nThe methods by which animals self-medicate vary, but can be classified according to function as prophylactic (preventative, before infection or poisoning) or therapeutic (after infection, to combat the pathogen or poisoning). The behaviour is believed to have widespread adaptive significance."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Zoopharmacognosy is a behaviour in which non-human animals apparently self-medicate by selecting and ingesting or topically applying plants, soils, insects, and psychoactive drugs to prevent or reduce the harmful effects of pathogens and toxins.\n\n[Zoopharmacognosy - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoopharmacognosy)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Basically, these animals have a better understanding of science that that Demon Sperm Doctor Lady.", "name": "Mario"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Can we collectively agree to call it demon semen?\n\n\nIt just sounds better than demon sperm", "name": "Caleb"}]

ys09pv

t5_7811nr

slinkslowdown

ivwmv9r

[{"role": "system", "content": "The fictional universe established by television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Angel and the film Buffy the Vampire Slayer has been parodied or paid tribute to by a number of unofficial productions, most notably fan films and adult films."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The huge success of the Buffy franchise led to a number of erotic parodies in comic and film formats. These parodies have included, among others: Muffy the Vampire Layer, Boffy the Vampire Layer, and The Erotic Adventures of Buffy and Evil Vampire Willow.\n\n[Unofficial Buffy the Vampire Slayer productions - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unofficial_Buffy_the_Vampire_Slayer_productions#Erotic_parodies)"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": ">None of these stories were licensed by 20th Century Fox as official Buffy merchandise, and none would be considered Buffyverse canon."}]

t6xsus

t5_2qh3b

Pupikal

hzfi3cy

[{"role": "system", "content": "American exceptionalism is the belief that the United States is either distinctive, unique, or exemplary compared to other nations. Proponents argue that the values, political system, and historical development of the U.S. are unique in human history, often with the implication that it is both destined and entitled to play a distinct and positive role on the world stage.It originates in the observations and writings of French political scientist and historian Alexis de Tocqueville, most notably in his comparison of the United States with Great Britain and his native France. Tocqueville was the first writer to describe the country as \"exceptional\" following his travels there in 1831. The earliest documented use of the specific term \"American exceptionalism\" is by American communists in intra-communist disputes in the late 1920s.Seymour Martin Lipset, a widely-cited political scientist and sociologist, argues that the United States is exceptional in that it started from a revolutionary event. He therefore traces the origins of American exceptionalism to the American Revolution, from which the U.S. emerged as \"the first new nation\" with a distinct ideology and having a unique mission to transform the world. This ideology, which Lipset called Americanism, but is often also referred to as American exceptionalism, is based on liberty, egalitarianism, individualism, republicanism, democracy, and laissez-faire economics; these principles are sometimes collectively referred to as \"American exceptionalism\". As a term in social science, American exceptionalism refers to the United States' status as a global outlier. Critics of the concept claim that the idea of American exceptionalism suggests that the US is better than other countries, has a superior culture, or has a unique mission to transform the planet and its inhabitants."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# American exceptionalism is the idea that the US is inherently different from other nations. Proponents argue the values, political system, and history of the US are unique in human history, implying the country is both destined and entitled to play a distinct and positive role on the world stage.\n\n[American exceptionalism - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_exceptionalism)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Usually ties in with Christian dominionism quite nicely", "name": "Abby"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Throw in some manifest destiny", "name": "Kimberly"}]

10uqhty

t5_7811nr

slinkslowdown

j7eayd2

[{"role": "system", "content": "Necklacing is a method of extrajudicial summary execution and torture carried out by forcing a rubber tire drenched with petrol around a victim's chest and arms, and setting it on fire. The term \"necklace\" originated in the 1980s in black townships of apartheid South Africa where suspected apartheid collaborators were publicly executed in this fashion."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Necklacing is a method of extrajudicial summary execution and torture carried out by forcing a rubber tire drenched with petrol around a victim's chest and arms, and setting it on fire.\n\n[Necklacing - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necklacing)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Oh.", "name": "Madeline"}]

kxq51z

t5_2umfr

sekerzitski

gjceqg5

[{"role": "system", "content": "Whilst crime in Antarctica is relatively rare, isolation and boredom affect certain people there negatively and may lead to crime. Alcoholism is a known problem on the continent and has led to fights and indecent exposure. Other types of crime that have occurred in Antarctica include illicit drug use, torturing and killing wildlife, racing motorbikes through environmentally sensitive areas, assault with a deadly weapon, attempted murder and arson. Sexual harassment also has been reported.Robberies are rare and unlikely in Antarctica because people entering cannot bring many belongings onto the continent and because there is very little use for money.Under the 1959 Antarctic Treaty, ratified by 53 nations, persons accused of a crime in Antarctica are subject to punishment by their own country."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Crimes in Antarctica, including 2018 Bellingshausen Station stabbing. The perpetrator Sergey Savitsky, a 54-year-old electrical engineer, stabbed 52-year old welder Oleg Beloguzov because Beloguzov was giving away the endings of books that Savitsky checked out at the station's library\n\n[Crime in Antarctica - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crime_in_Antarctica)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "What about the violations of unnatural acts with penguins in 1999?", "name": "Samuel"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Wut?", "name": "Abraham"}, {"role": "user", "content": "WHAT ABOUT THE VIOLATIONS OF UNNATURAL ACTS WITH PENGUINS IN 1999?", "name": "Derek"}]

ih2gzn

t5_2umfr

trissle_hippie

g2yg2l5

[{"role": "system", "content": "The following events occurred in December 1974:\n\nThe Fort Worth Missing Trio refers to an unsolved missing persons case in which three girls – Mary Rachel Trlica, Lisa Renee Wilson and Julie Ann Moseley – went missing while shopping at the Seminary South Shopping Center in Fort Worth, Texas, on December 23, 1974. The car that the girls had been driving was left behind in the parking lot at the mall; the girls themselves have not been seen since.\nThe case shocked the Fort Worth community and left the families of the girls to adjust to life without their children. Thousands of leads have been followed, dozens of searches completed and hundreds of people interviewed. All attempts to find the girls have proven fruitless."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Fort Worth Missing Trio refers to an unsolved missing persons case that began in December 1974, when Mary Trlica, Lisa Wilson, and Julie Moseley, went missing from a shopping center in Texas. The car they were driving, was left behind in the parking lot, but the girls have not been seen since.\n\n[Fort Worth missing trio - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Worth_Missing_Trio)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "In 1979, Jon Swaim died following a drug overdose; his death was subsequently ruled to be suicide. Upon his death, he ordered that all of his files on the case be destroyed.\n\n??", "name": "Jordyn"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Yeah, what? I can see how this case or some aspects of his personal life had a negative impact on his psyche until he committed suicide, but why would he want them destroyed? To bring the family closure? I doubt that he had some terrible secret within it that led him to suicide like the dramatics of the phrase seem to imply.", "name": "Braden"}]

l28x54

t5_2umfr

MyopicPotatoPeeler

gk4d4cv

[{"role": "system", "content": "Pink Flamingos is a 1972 American black comedy film by John Waters. It is part of what Waters has labelled the \"Trash Trilogy\", which also includes Female Trouble (1974) and Desperate Living (1977). The film stars the countercultural drag queen Divine as a criminal living under the name of Babs Johnson, who is proud to be \"the filthiest person alive\". While living in a trailer with her mother Edie (Edith Massey), son Crackers (Danny Mills), and companion Cotton (Mary Vivian Pearce), Divine is confronted by the Marbles (David Lochary and Mink Stole), a pair of criminals envious of her reputation who try to outdo her in filth. The characters engage in several grotesque, bizarre, and explicitly crude situations, and upon the film's re-release in 1997 it was rated NC-17 by the MPAA \"for a wide range of perversions in explicit detail\". It was filmed in the vicinity of Baltimore, Maryland, where Waters and most of the cast and crew grew up.\nDisplaying the tagline \"An exercise in poor taste\", Pink Flamingos is notorious for its \"outrageousness\", nudity, profanity, and \"pursuit of frivolity, scatology, sensationology [sic] and skewed epistemology\". It features a \"number of increasingly revolting scenes\" that center on exhibitionism, voyeurism, sodomy, masturbation, gluttony, vomiting, rape, incest, murder, animal cruelty, cannibalism, castration, foot fetishism, and concludes, to the accompaniment of \"How Much Is That Doggy in the Window?\", with Divine's consumption of dog feces – \"The real thing!\" narrator Waters assures us. The film is considered a preliminary exponent of abject art.The film, at first semi-clandestine, has received a warm reception from film critics and, despite being banned in several countries, became a cult film in subsequent decades. In 2021, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\"."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The film Pink Flamingos follows the exploits of a drag queen character named Babs Johnson who must defend her title as the filthiest person alive against a few other people who really want to steal it from her. In one scene, Babs consumes dog feces which has been confirmed to be 100% real.\n\n[Pink Flamingos - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Flamingos)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "i like how they ordered this list\n\n>It features a \"number of increasingly revolting scenes\" that centre on exhibitionism, voyeurism, sodomy, masturbation, gluttony, vomiting, rape, incest, murder, cannibalism, castration,\n\nand then\n\n> foot fetishism"}, {"role": "user", "content": "The[ Arson, Murder, and Jaywalking](https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/ArsonMurderAndJayWalking) trope in effect, haha.", "name": "Ariana"}]

pb8ggg

t5_2umfr

wouldyoulikethetruth

haa53cz

[{"role": "system", "content": "North America is a continent in the Northern and Western Hemispheres. North America is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Caribbean Sea, and to the west and south by the Pacific Ocean. Greater North America includes the Bahamas, Bermuda, Canada, the Caribbean, Central America, Clipperton Island, Greenland, Mexico, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Turks and Caicos Islands, and the United States.\nContinental North America covers an area of about 24,709,000 square kilometers (9,540,000 square miles), representing approximately 16.5% of the Earth's land area and 4.8% of its total surface area. It is the third-largest continent by size after Asia and Africa, and the fourth-largest continent by population after Asia, Africa, and Europe. As of 2021, North America's population was estimated as over 592 million people in 23 independent states, or about 7.5% of the world's population. In human geography, the terms \"North America\" and \"North American\" sometimes refer to just Canada, the United States, Mexico, and Greenland.It is unknown with certainty how and when first human populations first reached North America. People were known to live in the Americas at least 20,000 years ago but various evidence points to possibly earlier dates. The Paleo-Indian period in North America followed the Last Glacial Period, and lasted until about 10,000 years ago when the Archaic period began. The classic stage followed the Archaic period, and lasted from approximately the 6th to 13th centuries. Beginning in 1000 AD, the Norse were the first Europeans to begin exploring and ultimately colonizing areas of North America.\nIn 1492, the exploratory voyages of Christopher Columbus led to a transatlantic exchange, including migrations of European settlers during the Age of Discovery and the early modern period. Present-day cultural and ethnic patterns reflect interactions between European colonists, indigenous peoples, African slaves, immigrants from Europe, Asia, and descendants of these respective groups.\nEurope's colonization in North America led to most North Americans speaking European languages, such as English, Spanish, and French, and the cultures of the region commonly reflect Western traditions. However, relatively small parts of North America in Canada, the United States, Mexico, and Central America have indigenous populations that continue adhering to their respective pre-European colonial cultural and linguistic traditions."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# North American Man/Boy Love Association - the most despised group of men in America.\n\n[North American Man/Boy Love Association - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_Man/Boy_Love_Association?wprov=sfti1)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "How is this still an actual organization? This is a pedophile ring.", "name": "Caden"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I feel this is one of the things the government allows to continue to exist as a honey pot. If they control the strings they can catch people with and/or producing the material.\n\nIt's like the Communist Party USA. I believe it's deeply infiltrated by alphabet boys so they can \"catch\" people who are trying to do revolution.\n\nThat's my theory.\n\nIt's like the theory as to why twitter didn't shut down ISIS accounts. It was easier for the alphabet boys to track what they are doing when it's being done so publicly. And if they don't ban the main accounts it'll be easier to trace them rather than playing wack a mole.", "name": "Kimberly"}]

1bfwsjl

t5_2umfr

Icanvoiceact

kv3hbwu

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Station nightclub fire occurred on the evening of February 20, 2003, at The Station, a nightclub and hard rock music venue in West Warwick, Rhode Island, United States, killing 100 people and injuring 230. During a concert by the rock band Great White, a pyrotechnic display ignited flammable acoustic foam in the walls and ceilings surrounding the stage. Within six minutes, the entire building was engulfed in flames. The fire was the deadliest fireworks accident in U.S. history and the fourth-deadliest nightclub fire in U.S. history. It was also the second-deadliest nightclub fire in New England, behind the 1942 Cocoanut Grove fire.\nAfter the fire, multiple civil and criminal cases were filed. Daniel Biechele, the tour manager for Great White who had ignited the pyrotechnics, pled guilty to 100 counts of involuntary manslaughter in 2006 and was sentenced to fifteen years in prison with four to serve. Biechele was released from prison in 2008 after some families of the victims expressed their support for his parole. Jeffrey and Michael Derderian, the owners of the Station, pleaded no contest and avoided a trial: Michael received the same sentence as Biechele and was released from prison in 2009, while Jeffrey received a sentence of 500 hours of community service. Legal action against several parties, including Great White, were resolved with monetary settlements by 2008.\nStation Fire Memorial Park, a permanent memorial to the victims of the fire, was opened in May 2017 at the site where the Station once stood."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Station nightclub fire occurred on February 20th 2003, resulting in 100 deaths. A cameraman filming at the club that night, Brian Butler, caught the entire event on tape; firefighters still use it as a training video.\n\n[The Station nightclub fire - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Station_nightclub_fire)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Brutal video. Those poor people were failed by the owner.", "name": "Audrey"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "Intentionally overcrowded venue, no regulation on the pyrotechnics, a building made of literal tinder. This was absolutely preventable."}]

kcckhc

t5_2umfr

-kelsie

gfqp7c2

[{"role": "system", "content": "Jill Wendy Dando (9 November 1961 – 26 April 1999) was an English journalist, television presenter and newsreader. She spent most of her career at the BBC and was the corporation's Personality of the Year in 1997. At the time of her death, her television work included co-presenting the BBC One programme Crimewatch with Nick Ross.\nOn the morning of 26 April 1999, Dando was shot dead outside her home in Fulham, south-west London, prompting the biggest murder inquiry conducted by the Metropolitan Police and the country's largest criminal investigation since the hunt for the Yorkshire Ripper. A local man, Barry George, was convicted and imprisoned for the murder, but after eight years in prison he was acquitted following an appeal and retrial. No other suspect has been charged with Dando's murder and the case remains unsolved."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Jill Dando was an English television presenter who was assassinated on her front door step with one shot to the head. There are many potential suspects, but her murder remains unsolved.\n\n[Jill Dando - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jill_Dando)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I remember this, I was a teenager. \n\nWhat I remember wondering was how it took around 15 minutes for the body to be discovered. How did nobody hear the gunshot and investigate sooner? Guns are not common in England. That's a noise you would notice.", "name": "Kaylee"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Is it possible that people heard the sound but didn't think it was a gunshot? I mean, how many people have heard a gun go off in real life?", "name": "Martin"}]

jx2j8d

t5_2umfr

JudyWilde143

gcvru29

[{"role": "system", "content": "Sarah Hegazi (Arabic: سارة حجازي; 1 October 1989 – 14 June 2020), also spelled Hegazy or Higazy, was an Egyptian socialist, writer, and lesbian activist. She was arrested, imprisoned and tortured in Egypt for three months after flying a rainbow flag at a Mashrou' Leila concert in 2017 in Cairo. Hegazi, who lived with PTSD resulting from the prison torture she had experienced in Egypt, was granted asylum in Canada, living there until her suicide."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Sarah Hegazi was a lesbian Eguptian woman who was tortured by the government aftter flyong an LGBT flag in Cairo. She later commited suicide in Canada.\n\n[Sarah Hegazi - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Hegazi)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "and even in death, people still bashed her, commented hate on her goodbye ig post, and mocked the news channels for putting up her story, it's so heartbreaking", "name": "Colton"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "Homophobes are always hateful people."}]

eejza2

t5_2qh3b

Tokyono

fbv60tr

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering 70,560,000 km2 (27,240,000 sq mi) or ~20% of the water on Earth's surface. It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west and Australia to the east. To the south it is bounded by the Southern Ocean, or Antarctica, depending on the definition in use. Along its core, the Indian Ocean has large marginal, or regional seas, such as the Arabian Sea, Laccadive Sea, Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea.\nIt is named after India, which protrudes into it, and has been known by its current name since at least 1515. Previously, it was called the Eastern Ocean. It has an average depth of 3,741 m. All of the Indian Ocean is in the Eastern Hemisphere. Unlike the Atlantic and Pacific, the Indian Ocean is bordered by landmasses and an archipelago on three sides, making it more like an embayed ocean centered on the Indian Peninsula. Its coasts and shelves differ from other oceans, with distinct features, such as a narrower continental shelf. In terms of geology, the Indian Ocean is the youngest of the major oceans, with active spreading ridges and features like seamounts and ridges formed by hotspots.\nThe climate of the Indian Ocean is characterized by monsoons. It is the warmest ocean, with a significant impact on global climate due to its interaction with the atmosphere. Its waters are affected by the Indian Ocean Walker circulation, resulting in unique oceanic currents and upwelling patterns. The Indian Ocean is ecologically diverse, with important marine life and ecosystems like coral reefs, mangroves, and sea grass beds. It hosts a significant portion of the world's tuna catch and is home to endangered marine species. It faces challenges like overfishing and pollution, including a significant garbage patch.\nHistorically, the Indian Ocean has been a hub of cultural and commercial exchange since ancient times. It played a key role in early human migrations and the spread of civilizations. In modern times, it remains crucial for global trade, especially in oil and hydrocarbons. Environmental and geopolitical concerns in the region include the effects of climate change, piracy, and strategic disputes over island territories.\n\nTilly Smith (born 1994) is a British woman who, as a child, was credited with saving the lives of approximately 100 beachgoers at Mai Khao Beach in Thailand by warning them minutes before the arrival of the tsunami caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. Smith, who was ten years old at the time, had learned about tsunamis in her geography class."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# During the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, a 10-year-old girl named Tilly Smith helped save lives by recognising the signs of an oncoming tsunami at a beach. 2 weeks earlier, she had learned about them in a geography lesson. The beach was one of few on Phuket with no reported casualties\n\n[Tilly Smith - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilly_Smith)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "So, what are the signs of a incoming tsunami?", "name": "Natalia"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Ominous music swelling on the soundtrack, rapid cuts between people on the beach", "name": "Caden"}]

fzq73s

t5_2umfr

demosthenes131

fn68akq

[{"role": "system", "content": "Evelyn Grace Hartley (b. November 21, 1938) was an American teenager who mysteriously disappeared on October 24, 1953, from La Crosse County, Wisconsin. Her disappearance sparked a search involving 2,000 people. In the first year following her disappearance, investigators questioned more than 3,500 people."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Evelyn Hartley did not call to check in with her family as expected while babysitting; her father went to check and found a completely locked house with the lights and radio still on and no Evelyn inside\n\n[Disappearance of Evelyn Hartley - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disappearance_of_Evelyn_Hartley)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "\"In 2004, a man named Mel Williams came forward with a conversation he recorded years earlier at a bar. Although his goal was to record a band which was performing, the conversation between two men was unintentionally recorded as well. On the tape, one of the men, Clyde \"Tywee\" Peterson, implicated himself, Jack Gaulphair, and an unnamed third party in the disappearance, claiming that Evelyn was murdered and buried inLa Farge, Wisconsinafter her kidnapping. Gaulphair and the unnamed party are now deceased. Although authorities promised to investigate the lead, no further developments were ever made.\"\n\nMakes you wonder why they never investigated...", "name": "Rylee"}, {"role": "user", "content": "bc the guys in question are dead and it happened 50 years ago. Sometimes the ends dont justify the means, police wont look to prosecute a dead guy from a cold case because it would take too much effort for no real punishment\n\nThat whole paragraph does seems sketchy to me though. How can you accidentally record a killers confession when listening to a live band?", "name": "Payton"}]

x887lg

t5_2qh3b

slinkslowdown

ingvgfq

[{"role": "system", "content": "Kaguya was a mouse that had two parents of the same sex (c. April, 2004). She was named after a Japanese folk tale, in which the Moon-born princess Kaguya (Kaguya-hime) is found as a baby inside a bamboo stalk."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Kaguya was a mouse that had two parents of the same sex. She isn't a clone because cells from two individuals were used. The research refers to the process as parthenogenesis. She was named after a Japanese folk tale, in which the Moon-born princess Kaguya is found as a baby inside a bamboo stalk.\n\n[Kaguya (mouse) - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaguya_(mouse))"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Given that both parents were female, does this mean that in a potentially dystopian future where parthogenesis is used for reproduction and the world splits into warring clans divided by gender, the females-only clan would only produce female babies because of a lack of the y chromosome, whereas the male-only clan would have a quarter of their results failing, half male, and the remaining quarter female?\n\nEdit: typos", "name": "Amanda"}, {"role": "user", "content": "/r/WritingPrompts", "name": "Christopher"}]

hf3k2g

t5_2qh3b

slinkslowdown

fvvyde6

[{"role": "system", "content": "San Francisco ( SAN frən-SISS-koh; Spanish for 'Saint Francis'), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is a commercial, financial, and cultural center in Northern California. With a population of 808,437 residents as of 2022, San Francisco is the fourth most populous city in the U.S. state of California. The city covers a land area of 46.9 square miles (121 square kilometers) at the end of the San Francisco Peninsula, making it the second-most densely populated large U.S. city after New York City and the fifth-most densely populated U.S. county, behind only four New York City boroughs. Among the 92 U.S. cities proper with over 250,000 residents, San Francisco was ranked first by per capita income and sixth by aggregate income as of 2022. Colloquial nicknames for San Francisco include Frisco, San Fran, The City, and SF (although Frisco and San Fran are generally not used by locals).Prior to European settlement, the modern city proper was inhabited by the Yelamu, who spoke a language now referred to as Ramaytush Ohlone. On June 29, 1776, settlers from New Spain established the Presidio of San Francisco at the Golden Gate, and the Mission San Francisco de Asís a few miles away, both named for Francis of Assisi. The California Gold Rush of 1849 brought rapid growth, transforming an unimportant hamlet into a busy port, making it the largest city on the West Coast at the time; between 1870 and 1900, approximately one quarter of California's population resided in the city proper. In 1856, San Francisco became a consolidated city-county. After three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire, it was quickly rebuilt, hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later. In World War II, it was a major port of embarkation for naval service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater. In 1945, the United Nations Charter was signed in San Francisco, establishing the United Nations and in 1951, the Treaty of San Francisco re-established peaceful relations between Japan and the Allied Powers. After the war, the confluence of returning servicemen, significant immigration, liberalizing attitudes, the rise of the beatnik and hippie countercultures, the sexual revolution, the peace movement growing from opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War, and other factors led to the Summer of Love and the gay rights movement, cementing San Francisco as a center of liberal activism in the United States.\nSan Francisco and the surrounding San Francisco Bay Area are a global center of economic activity and the arts and sciences, spurred by leading universities, high-tech, healthcare, finance, insurance, real estate, and professional services sectors. As of 2020, the metropolitan area, with 6.7 million residents, ranked 5th by GDP ($874 billion) and 2nd by GDP per capita ($131,082) across the OECD countries, ahead of global cities like Paris, London, and Singapore. San Francisco anchors the 13th most populous metropolitan statistical area in the United States with 4.6 million residents, and the fourth-largest by aggregate income and economic output, with a GDP of $729 billion in 2022. The wider San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland Combined Statistical Area is the fifth-most populous, with 9.0 million residents, and the third-largest by economic output, with a GDP of $1.32 trillion in 2022. In the same year, San Francisco proper had a GDP of $252.2 billion, and a GDP per capita of $312,000. San Francisco was ranked fifth in the world and second in the United States on the Global Financial Centres Index as of September 2023. Despite an ongoing post-COVID-19 pandemic exodus of over 30 retail businesses from the northeastern quadrant of San Francisco, including the downtown core, the city is still home to numerous companies inside and outside of technology, including Salesforce, Uber, Airbnb, X Corp., Levi's, Gap, Dropbox, and Lyft. \nIn 2022, San Francisco had more than 1.7 million international visitors - the fifth-most visited city from abroad in the United States after New York City, Miami, Orlando, and Los Angeles - and approximately 20 million domestic visitors for a total of 21.9 million visitors. The city is known for its steep rolling hills and eclectic mix of architecture across varied neighborhoods, as well as its cool summers, fog, and landmarks, including the Golden Gate Bridge, cable cars, and Alcatraz, along with the Chinatown and Mission districts. The city is home to a number of educational and cultural institutions, such as the University of California, San Francisco, the University of San Francisco, San Francisco State University, the San Francisco Conservatory of Music, the de Young Museum, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, the San Francisco Symphony, the San Francisco Ballet, the San Francisco Opera, the SFJAZZ Center, and the California Academy of Sciences. Two major league sports teams, the San Francisco Giants and the Golden State Warriors, play their home games within San Francisco proper. San Francisco's main international airport offers flights to over 125 destinations while a light rail and bus network, in tandem with the BART and Caltrain systems, connects nearly every part of San Francisco with the wider region.\n\nThe Anti-Mask League was an organization formed in San Francisco, California to protest an ordinance which required people in that city to wear masks during the 1918 influenza pandemic. The ordinance it protested lasted less than one month before being repealed. Due to the short period of the league's existence, its exact membership is difficult to determine; however, an estimated 4,000–5,000 citizens showed up to a meeting to protest the second ordinance in January 1919."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Anti-Mask League of San Francisco was an organization formed to protest the requirement for people in San Francisco, California, to wear masks during the 1918 influenza pandemic.\n\n[Anti-Mask League of San Francisco - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Mask_League_of_San_Francisco)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Spoiler: It did not go well for them.", "name": "Juan"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Any source on it?\n\nI don't doubt it in the least, but there's no mention of any consequences in the wiki, other than succeeding in getting the mask law repealed", "name": "Angelica"}, {"role": "user", "content": "This will work I think. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/influenza-san-francisco/\nBasically San Francisco went into lockdown and made masks mandatory during the first wave of the Spanish Flu and the response worked so well that people got complacent and began to push back. That directly led to the preventive restrictions being lifted too soon and not being reinstated in time and the second wave of the flu utterly devastated the city.", "name": "Alan"}]

puuwtj

t5_2umfr

autistictechgirl1990

he6pofz

[{"role": "system", "content": "Laser radiation safety is the safe design, use and implementation of lasers to minimize the risk of laser accidents, especially those involving eye injuries. Since even relatively small amounts of laser light can lead to permanent eye injuries, the sale and usage of lasers is typically subject to government regulations.\nModerate and high-power lasers are potentially hazardous because they can burn the retina, or even the skin. To control the risk of injury, various specifications, for example 21 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 1040 in the US and IEC 60825 internationally, define \"classes\" of laser depending on their power and wavelength. These regulations impose upon manufacturers required safety measures, such as labeling lasers with specific warnings, and wearing laser safety goggles when operating lasers. Consensus standards, such as American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Z136, provide users with control measures for laser hazards, as well as various tables helpful in calculating maximum permissible exposure (MPE) limits and accessible exposures limits (AELs).\nThermal effects are the predominant cause of laser radiation injury, but photo-chemical effects can also be of concern for specific wavelengths of laser radiation. Even moderately powered lasers can cause injury to the eye. High power lasers can also burn the skin. Some lasers are so powerful that even the diffuse reflection from a surface can be hazardous to the eye.\n\nThe coherence and low divergence angle of laser light, aided by focusing from the lens of an eye, can cause laser radiation to be concentrated into an extremely small spot on the retina. A transient increase of only +10°C (+18°F) can destroy retinal photoreceptor cells. If the laser is sufficiently powerful, permanent damage can occur within a fraction of a second, which is faster than the blink of an eye. Sufficiently powerful lasers in the visible to near infrared range (400-1400 nm) will penetrate the eyeball and may cause heating of the retina, whereas exposure to laser radiation with wavelengths less than 400 nm or greater than 1400 nm are largely absorbed by the cornea and lens, leading to the development of cataracts or burn injuries.Infrared lasers are particularly hazardous, since the body's protective glare aversion response, also referred to as the \"blink reflex,\" is triggered only by visible light. For example, some people exposed to high power Nd:YAG lasers emitting invisible 1064 nm radiation may not feel pain or notice immediate damage to their eyesight. A pop or click noise emanating from the eyeball may be the only indication that retinal damage has occurred, i.e. the retina was heated to over 100 °C (212 °F) resulting in localized explosive boiling accompanied by the immediate creation of a permanent blind spot."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Infrared lasers are particularly hazardous because the blink response is only triggered by visible light, so the only way to know when the damage is done is when the eyeball makes an audible popping sound, this made me feel sick\n\n[Laser safety - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_safety)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "As someone who works heavily with infrared lasers, you'd need a super strong laser for this to get your eye over 100C, even if it's focused. Although I primarily deal with it for spectroscopy\n\nAlso fun fact your phone cameras may be able to see the laser even if your eye won't.", "name": "Sadie"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Pulsed lasers dont need to be as strong to cause eye damage. Especially femtosecond pulse lasers. These beams tend to be smaller in size and have a higher energy density per pulse. This can cause the front of your eye to focus it onto the back, increasing its intensity. Pulsed lasers can create a huge temp gradient in a very small spot. I know of somebody who blinded himself in one eye with a fs IR laser. He said he heard a noise and the last thing he saw was his eye sight going all red. The doctor told him that it was the blood in his eye he saw. Freaks me out still. \n\nDefinitely always making sure I wear my safety goggles at work lol.\n\n\nEdit: ps-whats your work? Love meeting fellow laser jockeys :-)", "name": "Jonathan"}]

aaekyc

t5_2qh3b

me_brewsta

ecrnzc7

[{"role": "system", "content": "Jeanne Louise Calment (French: [ʒan lwiz kalmɑ̃] ; 21 February 1875 – 4 August 1997) was a French supercentenarian and is the oldest verified human, with a documented lifespan of 122 years and 164 days. Her longevity attracted media attention and medical studies of her health and lifestyle. She is the only person verified to have reached the age of 120. \nAccording to census records, Calment outlived both her daughter and grandson. In January 1988, she was widely reported to have been the oldest living person, and in 1995, at age 120, was declared the oldest person to have ever lived."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Jeanne Calment, reportedly the oldest person to have ever lived at 122. A recent study suggest she was instead Jeanne's daughter Yvonne, who usurped her name to avoid the estate tax - placing her at 99 years of age.\n\n[Jeanne Calment - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeanne_Calment)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "For those who actually read the snippet\n\n>A 2018 study advanced the hypothesis that **Jeanne Calment actually died in 1934** and her daughter Yvonne usurped her identity, so that the 99-year-old Yvonne was posing as Jeanne when she died in 1997.\n\nSo the usurping would have taken place in 1934, when Yvonne was supposedly 36 and Jeanne 59. Doesn't sound as easy to pull off as people are saying ... \n\nI'll take the study with a grain of salt until it's more than a hypothesis", "name": "Marco"}, {"role": "user", "content": ">So the usurping would have taken place in 1934, when Yvonne was supposedly 36 and Jeanne 59.\n\nAny usurping at the time needn't have involved anything but paperwork. She didn't need to appear anywhere as a 36 year old looking like a 59 year old. And if she then spent most of her life with little involvement with authorities, it would simply go unnoticed.", "name": "Edward"}]

wxa1uj

t5_2qh3b

slinkslowdown

ilqt8i7

[{"role": "system", "content": "The ADE 651 is a fake bomb detector produced by the British company Advanced Tactical Security & Communications Ltd (ATSC). Its manufacturer claimed it could detect bombs, guns, ammunition, and more from kilometres away."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# ADE 651: a fake bomb detector that was claimed could detect bombs, guns, ammunition, and more from kilometers away. However, it was a scam, and the device was little more than a dowsing rod. They were sold for up to US$60,000 each, despite costing almost nothing to produce.\n\n[ADE 651 - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADE_651)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Those fucking things got people killed.", "name": "Julia"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I feel like the people in charge shouldn't only have faced charges of fraud, but I suppose it'd be very hard to prove how or how many actually got hurt or killed because of them.", "name": "Alex"}]

p65154

t5_2qh3b

Iamsodarncool

h9bir2v

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Northern Alliance (Persian: ائتلاف شمال E'tilāf Šumāl or اتحاد شمال Ettehād Šumāl), officially known as the United Islamic National Front for the Salvation of Afghanistan (Persian: جبهه متحد اسلامی ملی برای نجات افغانستان Jabha Muttahid Islāmī Millī barāyi Najāt Afğānistān), was a military alliance of groups that operated between early 1992 and 2001 following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, many non-Pashtun Northerners originally with the Republic of Afghanistan led by Mohammad Najibullah became disaffected with Pashtun Khalqi Afghan Army officers holding control over non-Pashtun militias in the North. Defectors such as Rashid Dostum and Abdul Momim allied with Ahmad Shah Massoud and Ali Mazari forming the Northern Alliance. The alliance's capture of Mazar-i-Sharif and more importantly the supplies kept there crippled the Afghan military and began the end of Najibullah's government. Following the collapse of Najibullah's government the Alliance would fall with a 2nd Civil war breaking out however following the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan's (Taliban) takeover of Kabul, The United Front was reassembled.The Northern Alliance fought a defensive war against the Taliban regime. They received support from India, Iran, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, the United States and Uzbekistan, while the Taliban were extensively backed by the Pakistan Army and Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence. By 2001, the Northern Alliance controlled less than 10% of the country, cornered in the north-east and based in Badakhshan province. The US invaded Afghanistan, providing support to Northern Alliance troops on the ground in a two-month war against the Taliban, which they won in December 2001. With the Taliban forced from control of the country, the Northern Alliance was dissolved as members and parties supported the new Afghan Interim Administration, with some members later becoming part of the Karzai administration.\nAmidst the Fall of Kabul in 2021, former Northern Alliance leaders and other anti-Taliban figures regrouped as the National Resistance Front of Afghanistan."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Afghan Northern Alliance is a united military front that came to formation in late 1996 after the Taliban took over Kabul, and again in 2021 after the city's recapture by the Taliban.\n\n[Northern Alliance - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Alliance)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I'm glad I actually read the article. The title sounded like this is the talibans new name, not that it's a alliance opposing them.", "name": "Levi"}, {"role": "user", "content": "No offence, but you must be young. For ages the Afghan War was largely a stand-off between the Northern Alliance and Taliban, including much of the post-9/11 war. They were portrayed by the US and U.K. as our guys.", "name": "Evelyn"}]

duxnc5

t5_2umfr

lousergic_acid

f7aebrg

[{"role": "system", "content": "Natascha Maria Kampusch (born 17 February 1988) is an Austrian author and former talk show host. At the age of 10, on 2 March 1998, she was abducted and held in a secret cellar by her kidnapper Wolfgang Přiklopil for more than eight years, until she escaped on 23 August 2006. Upon her escape, Přiklopil killed himself by stepping in front of a train at a nearby station. She has written a book about her ordeal, 3,096 Days (2010), which was later adapted into a film and released in 2013."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Natascha Kampusch, a teenage girl kidnapped and held in a cellar for 8 years who developed Stockholm Syndrome\n\n[Natascha Kampusch - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natascha_Kampusch?wprov=sfla1)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "\"Newspapers quoting unnamed psychologists suggested that Kampusch might suffer fromStockholm syndrome,but Kampusch says that this is not the case. She suggests that people who use this term about her are disrespectful of her and do not allow her the right to describe and analyse the complex relationship that she had with her kidnapper in her own words.\"\n\nShe hasn't suffered any stockholm syndrome.\n\nYou might want to change the title.", "name": "Haley"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I think the problem is that Stockholm Syndrome itself isn't really fully recognized as an actual \"syndrome\". Also, in popular culture, it gets misconstrued a lot as like - irrational falling in love with your captor, and I can see why Natasha finds it dismissive. However, I myself would see Stockholm Syndrome as a very understandable psychological response to such a traumatic situation. After all, as far as I understand, it is basically the person trying to survive. Humanizing your captor and sympathizing with them would indeed make the situation easier to survive, especially if that means appealing to the captor's humanity. Not to mention, he was basically the only human that she had contact with for eight years, so of course she would come to sympathize with him.", "name": "Brendan"}]