text
stringlengths 190
2.85k
| id
stringlengths 5
13
| metadata
dict |
---|---|---|
Death and legacy
Imahara died on July 13, 2020, at the age of 49, after suffering a ruptured, previously undiagnosed, intracranial aneurysm. As a result, The Discovery Channel and the Science Channel ran a marathon broadcast over two days in Imahara's honor, using selected MythBusters episodes, the TV special Killer Robots: Robogames 2011 (which Imahara hosted), and finishing with the White Rabbit Project episode "May G Force Be with You". On October 23, 2020, on what would have been his 50th birthday, the Grant Imahara STEAM Foundation was announced by his mother, professional colleagues, and friends (including Mythbusters castmates Kari Byron, Tory Belleci and Adam Savage). It provides mentorship, grants and scholarships to under-served youth pursuing STEAM-related fields. | 4040762_60 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0022641548421233892,
"distance": 3,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 112,
"gendered_word": "mother",
"word_pos": 115,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "On October 23, 2020, on what would have been his 50th birthday, the Grant Imahara STEAM Foundation was announced by his mother, professional colleagues, and friends (including Mythbusters castmates Kari Byron, Tory Belleci and Adam Savage).",
"max_attention_score": 0.0022641548421233892,
"preceding_context": "Death and legacy\nImahara died on July 13, 2020, at the age of 49, after suffering a ruptured, previously undiagnosed, intracranial aneurysm. As a result, The Discovery Channel and the Science Channel ran a marathon broadcast over two days in Imahara's honor, using selected MythBusters episodes, the TV special Killer Robots: Robogames 2011 (which Imahara hosted), and finishing with the White Rabbit Project episode \"May G Force Be with You\".",
"seed": "colleagues",
"trailing_context": "It provides mentorship, grants and scholarships to under-served youth pursuing STEAM-related fields."
} |
Tweedie of Drummelzier
The main centre of the Tweedie family until the 17th century was at Drummelzier, with other branches living at Wrae, Stobo, Dreva, Fruid and other forts and peel towers along the valley. The early history is one of lawlessness, typical of the Scottish borders at that time, with deadly feuds with neighbouring families, particularly the Veitch's. The Tweedies would charge tolls on travellers passing through their territory, be accused or the victims of cattle rustling, and become embroiled in affrays, often fatal, in the streets of Edinburgh. A major incident occurred in 1524 when a large group of Tweedies were involved in the slaughter of Lord Fleming (chief of Clan Fleming) and the abduction of his son Malcolm Fleming, 3rd Lord Fleming – the dispute concerning the latter's intention to marry Catherine Fraser who in fact ended up marrying James Tweedie of Drummelzier. | 4041325_19 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0011905822902917862,
"distance": 48,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 124,
"gendered_word": "Lord",
"word_pos": 76,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.00041589135071262717,
"distance": 66,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 142,
"gendered_word": "Lord",
"word_pos": 76,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "The Tweedies would charge tolls on travellers passing through their territory, be accused or the victims of cattle rustling, and become embroiled in affrays, often fatal, in the streets of Edinburgh.",
"max_attention_score": 0.0011905822902917862,
"preceding_context": "Tweedie of Drummelzier\nThe main centre of the Tweedie family until the 17th century was at Drummelzier, with other branches living at Wrae, Stobo, Dreva, Fruid and other forts and peel towers along the valley. The early history is one of lawlessness, typical of the Scottish borders at that time, with deadly feuds with neighbouring families, particularly the Veitch's.",
"seed": "travellers",
"trailing_context": "A major incident occurred in 1524 when a large group of Tweedies were involved in the slaughter of Lord Fleming (chief of Clan Fleming) and the abduction of his son Malcolm Fleming, 3rd Lord Fleming – the dispute concerning the latter's intention to marry Catherine Fraser who in fact ended up marrying James Tweedie of Drummelzier."
} |
Production
The idea for the film originated in the studio's desire to exploit the successful formula created by Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart with their 1936 Broadway hit On Your Toes. In a major coup for RKO, Pandro Berman managed to attract the Gershwins – George Gershwin, who wrote the symphonic underscore, and Ira Gershwin, the lyrics – to score this, their second Hollywood musical after Delicious in 1931. The film – Astaire and Rogers's most expensive to date – benefits from quality comedy specialists, opulent art direction by Carroll Clark under Van Nest Polglase's supervision, and a timeless score which introduces three classic Gershwin songs. Astaire was no stranger to the Gershwins, having headlined, with his sister Adele, two Gershwin Broadway shows: Lady Be Good! | 4041420_74 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0029660379514098167,
"distance": 39,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 135,
"gendered_word": "sister",
"word_pos": 96,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0006112859700806439,
"distance": 47,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 143,
"gendered_word": "Lady",
"word_pos": 96,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "The film – Astaire and Rogers's most expensive to date – benefits from quality comedy specialists, opulent art direction by Carroll Clark under Van Nest Polglase's supervision, and a timeless score which introduces three classic Gershwin songs.",
"max_attention_score": 0.0029660379514098167,
"preceding_context": "Production\nThe idea for the film originated in the studio's desire to exploit the successful formula created by Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart with their 1936 Broadway hit On Your Toes. In a major coup for RKO, Pandro Berman managed to attract the Gershwins – George Gershwin, who wrote the symphonic underscore, and Ira Gershwin, the lyrics – to score this, their second Hollywood musical after Delicious in 1931.",
"seed": "specialists",
"trailing_context": "Astaire was no stranger to the Gershwins, having headlined, with his sister Adele, two Gershwin Broadway shows: Lady Be Good!"
} |
Mary's home parish register of St. Mary's Church, Watford, has a number of sixteenth-century Warren family entries of names which all appear in the Mayflower Warren family. Johnson considers the following to be among the most important information in considering Marie Buckett's ancestry—Mary Beckett's father died in 1619 when she was only about 14 years old. As a custom of the time, she and her siblings were likely apprenticed out to relatives, neighbors, acquaintances, etc. Her mother remained a widow until at least 1622 (listed in that year as "Widow Buckett")—further increasing the chance that her children would be sent to other families. | 4041589_88 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.003489048918709159,
"distance": 31,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 55,
"gendered_word": "father",
"word_pos": 86,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0029322332702577114,
"distance": 7,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 93,
"gendered_word": "mother",
"word_pos": 86,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "As a custom of the time, she and her siblings were likely apprenticed out to relatives, neighbors, acquaintances, etc.",
"max_attention_score": 0.003489048918709159,
"preceding_context": "Mary's home parish register of St. Mary's Church, Watford, has a number of sixteenth-century Warren family entries of names which all appear in the Mayflower Warren family. Johnson considers the following to be among the most important information in considering Marie Buckett's ancestry—Mary Beckett's father died in 1619 when she was only about 14 years old.",
"seed": "neighbors",
"trailing_context": "Her mother remained a widow until at least 1622 (listed in that year as \"Widow Buckett\")—further increasing the chance that her children would be sent to other families."
} |
Mary's home parish register of St. Mary's Church, Watford, has a number of sixteenth-century Warren family entries of names which all appear in the Mayflower Warren family. Johnson considers the following to be among the most important information in considering Marie Buckett's ancestry—Mary Beckett's father died in 1619 when she was only about 14 years old. As a custom of the time, she and her siblings were likely apprenticed out to relatives, neighbors, acquaintances, etc. Her mother remained a widow until at least 1622 (listed in that year as "Widow Buckett")—further increasing the chance that her children would be sent to other families. | 4041589_88 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.004518292378634214,
"distance": 29,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 55,
"gendered_word": "father",
"word_pos": 84,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0007905703969299793,
"distance": 9,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 93,
"gendered_word": "mother",
"word_pos": 84,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "As a custom of the time, she and her siblings were likely apprenticed out to relatives, neighbors, acquaintances, etc.",
"max_attention_score": 0.004518292378634214,
"preceding_context": "Mary's home parish register of St. Mary's Church, Watford, has a number of sixteenth-century Warren family entries of names which all appear in the Mayflower Warren family. Johnson considers the following to be among the most important information in considering Marie Buckett's ancestry—Mary Beckett's father died in 1619 when she was only about 14 years old.",
"seed": "relatives",
"trailing_context": "Her mother remained a widow until at least 1622 (listed in that year as \"Widow Buckett\")—further increasing the chance that her children would be sent to other families."
} |
Yao Xing then delivered his mother and wife to him, along with gifts. Also in 407, Qiao Zong, who had taken control of Jin's Yi Province (modern Chongqing and Sichuan) and declared himself the King of Chengdu, became a Later Qin vassal. In 408, noticing that Southern Liang was under severe attack by its neighbors (including having suffered a terrible defeat to Xia in 407), Yao Xing launched a campaign to try to destroy Southern Liang, despite opposition by his official Wei Zong (韋宗), who felt that Tufa Rutan would not be defeated easily. He commissioned his son Yao Bi (姚弼) the Duke of Guangping along with Qifu Gangui and Lian Cheng (斂成) to attack Southern Liang, while simultaneously commission Qi Nan (齊難) to attack Xia. | 4041839_83 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0006546041695401073,
"distance": 59,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 5,
"gendered_word": "mother",
"word_pos": 64,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0006838156841695309,
"distance": 57,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 7,
"gendered_word": "wife",
"word_pos": 64,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.00018727174028754234,
"distance": 58,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 122,
"gendered_word": "Duke",
"word_pos": 64,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "In 408, noticing that Southern Liang was under severe attack by its neighbors (including having suffered a terrible defeat to Xia in 407), Yao Xing launched a campaign to try to destroy Southern Liang, despite opposition by his official Wei Zong (韋宗), who felt that Tufa Rutan would not be defeated easily.",
"max_attention_score": 0.0006838156841695309,
"preceding_context": "Yao Xing then delivered his mother and wife to him, along with gifts. Also in 407, Qiao Zong, who had taken control of Jin's Yi Province (modern Chongqing and Sichuan) and declared himself the King of Chengdu, became a Later Qin vassal.",
"seed": "neighbors",
"trailing_context": "He commissioned his son Yao Bi (姚弼) the Duke of Guangping along with Qifu Gangui and Lian Cheng (斂成) to attack Southern Liang, while simultaneously commission Qi Nan (齊難) to attack Xia."
} |
In contrast, Friedman noted, the Priestly source never uses these or several other related words, emphasizing rather the just side of God. Friedman argued that this then is an important example of the pervasive way in which the Bible became more than the sum of its parts when the Redactor combined the sources, bringing the two sides together in a new balance in the final version of the Torah, conveying a picture of God Who is torn between justice and mercy, which Friedman argued has been a central element of the conception of God in Judaism and Christianity ever since. The Chofetz Chaim told a parable to explain the teaching of Rav Judah (see "In classical rabbinic interpretation": "Exodus chapter 34" above) that God would not turn Jews away empty-handed when they recite the 13 Attributes of God in Exodus 34:6–7. The Chofetz Chaim told that there was once a wealthy businessman whose poor nephew pleaded with him for a job. | 4042282_597 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0016456125304102898,
"distance": 30,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 172,
"gendered_word": "nephew",
"word_pos": 142,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "The Chofetz Chaim told a parable to explain the teaching of Rav Judah (see \"In classical rabbinic interpretation\": \"Exodus chapter 34\" above) that God would not turn Jews away empty-handed when they recite the 13 Attributes of God in Exodus 34:6–7.",
"max_attention_score": 0.0016456125304102898,
"preceding_context": "In contrast, Friedman noted, the Priestly source never uses these or several other related words, emphasizing rather the just side of God. Friedman argued that this then is an important example of the pervasive way in which the Bible became more than the sum of its parts when the Redactor combined the sources, bringing the two sides together in a new balance in the final version of the Torah, conveying a picture of God Who is torn between justice and mercy, which Friedman argued has been a central element of the conception of God in Judaism and Christianity ever since.",
"seed": "jews",
"trailing_context": "The Chofetz Chaim told that there was once a wealthy businessman whose poor nephew pleaded with him for a job."
} |
Exodus 35:3 prohibits kindling fire on the Sabbath. Numbers 15:32–33 reports that when the Israelites came upon a man gathering wood on the Sabbath (apparently with the intent to fuel a fire), they brought him before Moses, Aaron, and the community and placed him in custody, "because it had not been declared what should be done to him." Clearing up any uncertainty about whether the man had violated the law and what punishment should be given, God told Moses that the whole community was to pelt him with stones outside the camp, which they did. Commentators note that the Hebrew Bible repeats the commandment to observe the Sabbath 12 times. Genesis 2:1–3 reports that on the seventh day of Creation, God finished God’s work, rested, and blessed and hallowed the seventh day. | 4042292_32 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0011494101490825415,
"distance": 89,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 19,
"gendered_word": "man",
"word_pos": 108,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.003213133430108428,
"distance": 33,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 75,
"gendered_word": "man",
"word_pos": 108,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "Commentators note that the Hebrew Bible repeats the commandment to observe the Sabbath 12 times.",
"max_attention_score": 0.003213133430108428,
"preceding_context": "Exodus 35:3 prohibits kindling fire on the Sabbath. Numbers 15:32–33 reports that when the Israelites came upon a man gathering wood on the Sabbath (apparently with the intent to fuel a fire), they brought him before Moses, Aaron, and the community and placed him in custody, \"because it had not been declared what should be done to him.\" Clearing up any uncertainty about whether the man had violated the law and what punishment should be given, God told Moses that the whole community was to pelt him with stones outside the camp, which they did.",
"seed": "commentators",
"trailing_context": "Genesis 2:1–3 reports that on the seventh day of Creation, God finished God’s work, rested, and blessed and hallowed the seventh day."
} |
The women brought the mirrors and presented them to Moses. When Moses saw the mirrors, he was furious with the women, saying that whoever brought the mirrors should be punished, asking what possible use they could have in the Tabernacle. God told Moses not to look down on them, for it was those mirrors that raised up all of the hosts of children born in Egypt. God thus directed Moses to take them and make from them the washbasin and its base for the priests. | 4042292_174 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0036640907637774944,
"distance": 65,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 1,
"gendered_word": "women",
"word_pos": 66,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.005869870539754629,
"distance": 44,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 22,
"gendered_word": "women",
"word_pos": 66,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "God told Moses not to look down on them, for it was those mirrors that raised up all of the hosts of children born in Egypt.",
"max_attention_score": 0.005869870539754629,
"preceding_context": "The women brought the mirrors and presented them to Moses. When Moses saw the mirrors, he was furious with the women, saying that whoever brought the mirrors should be punished, asking what possible use they could have in the Tabernacle.",
"seed": "hosts",
"trailing_context": "God thus directed Moses to take them and make from them the washbasin and its base for the priests."
} |
In 1996, she moved to Los Angeles to focus on American television acting. In 2000, LaCroix became interested in the Human Potential Movement, studied to be a business coach, moved to the San Francisco Bay Area and began a private practice training and coaching business people in 2001. She cofounded Paragon Strategies in 2004 with two other trainers from San Francisco, which presently serves various businesses worldwide in optimizing their employee satisfaction and productivity. Her father is the photographer and jazz musician Pat LaCroix. | 4042447_4 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.002825160278007388,
"distance": 20,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 83,
"gendered_word": "father",
"word_pos": 63,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "She cofounded Paragon Strategies in 2004 with two other trainers from San Francisco, which presently serves various businesses worldwide in optimizing their employee satisfaction and productivity.",
"max_attention_score": 0.002825160278007388,
"preceding_context": "In 1996, she moved to Los Angeles to focus on American television acting. In 2000, LaCroix became interested in the Human Potential Movement, studied to be a business coach, moved to the San Francisco Bay Area and began a private practice training and coaching business people in 2001.",
"seed": "trainers",
"trailing_context": "Her father is the photographer and jazz musician Pat LaCroix."
} |
In 1996, she moved to Los Angeles to focus on American television acting. In 2000, LaCroix became interested in the Human Potential Movement, studied to be a business coach, moved to the San Francisco Bay Area and began a private practice training and coaching business people in 2001. She cofounded Paragon Strategies in 2004 with two other trainers from San Francisco, which presently serves various businesses worldwide in optimizing their employee satisfaction and productivity. Her father is the photographer and jazz musician Pat LaCroix. | 4042447_4 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.002825160278007388,
"distance": 20,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 83,
"gendered_word": "father",
"word_pos": 63,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "She cofounded Paragon Strategies in 2004 with two other trainers from San Francisco, which presently serves various businesses worldwide in optimizing their employee satisfaction and productivity.",
"max_attention_score": 0.002825160278007388,
"preceding_context": "In 1996, she moved to Los Angeles to focus on American television acting. In 2000, LaCroix became interested in the Human Potential Movement, studied to be a business coach, moved to the San Francisco Bay Area and began a private practice training and coaching business people in 2001.",
"seed": "trainers",
"trailing_context": "Her father is the photographer and jazz musician Pat LaCroix."
} |
By 1890, more than 40 percent of the population of the cities of Cleveland, Milwaukee, Hoboken and Cincinnati were of German origin. By the end of the 19th century, Germans formed the largest self-described ethnic group in the United States and had a strong German—speaking element. They were generally permanent settlers; few either returned to Germany or showed a loyalty to the mother country. Some were political refugees; others were avoiding the universal conscription. | 4042584_69 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.005981313996016979,
"distance": 13,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 73,
"gendered_word": "mother",
"word_pos": 60,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "They were generally permanent settlers; few either returned to Germany or showed a loyalty to the mother country.",
"max_attention_score": 0.005981313996016979,
"preceding_context": "By 1890, more than 40 percent of the population of the cities of Cleveland, Milwaukee, Hoboken and Cincinnati were of German origin. By the end of the 19th century, Germans formed the largest self-described ethnic group in the United States and had a strong German—speaking element.",
"seed": "settlers",
"trailing_context": "Some were political refugees; others were avoiding the universal conscription."
} |
While Yao'er prostitutes were lower tier than Changsan, they still focused on entertainment as well as sexual services. However, they charged less than the Changsan, and accordingly their beauty, singing, and performances were not as good. Classes of other sex workers
Below these, fell those whose services were purely sexual. The women serving in the lowest tiers of the sex trade were often there as a result of being sold, mortgaged, kidnapped, or otherwise forced into the industry. | 4042857_39 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.004522453062236309,
"distance": 14,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 61,
"gendered_word": "women",
"word_pos": 47,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "Classes of other sex workers\nBelow these, fell those whose services were purely sexual.",
"max_attention_score": 0.004522453062236309,
"preceding_context": "While Yao'er prostitutes were lower tier than Changsan, they still focused on entertainment as well as sexual services. However, they charged less than the Changsan, and accordingly their beauty, singing, and performances were not as good.",
"seed": "workers",
"trailing_context": "The women serving in the lowest tiers of the sex trade were often there as a result of being sold, mortgaged, kidnapped, or otherwise forced into the industry."
} |
He was the mayor of Denver before becoming a United States Senator. Early life
Born in Montgomery, Orange County, New York, at the Nathaniel Hill Brick House (now a museum). He was a descendant of Thomas Hale, one of the first settlers in Newbury from England in 1635. Hill took over the family farm in Montgomery, until he was 21, while his eldest brother, James King, attended Yale University. | 4042906_5 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.004952402785420418,
"distance": 25,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 75,
"gendered_word": "brother",
"word_pos": 50,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "He was a descendant of Thomas Hale, one of the first settlers in Newbury from England in 1635.",
"max_attention_score": 0.004952402785420418,
"preceding_context": "He was the mayor of Denver before becoming a United States Senator. Early life\nBorn in Montgomery, Orange County, New York, at the Nathaniel Hill Brick House (now a museum).",
"seed": "settlers",
"trailing_context": "Hill took over the family farm in Montgomery, until he was 21, while his eldest brother, James King, attended Yale University."
} |
McDonough, NY and East McDonough, NY, and the greater Town of McDonough, Chenango County, NY are named after the war hero. Macdonough Hall, at the United States Naval Academy, is home to the boxing, sprint football, water polo, and gymnastics programs, as well as housing a gymnasium, racquetball courts, a swimming pool, and recreational weight rooms for Midshipmen. There is a obelisk that is located across from City Hall in Plattsburgh, N.Y. known as the Macdonough Monument which honors the victory of American soldiers and sailors in the Battle of Plattsburgh. In 1925, a Macdonough Monument was erected in the city green in Vergennes, Vermont to commemorate the building of the USS Saratoga and other ships at Otter Creek that were used in the Battle of Plattsburgh. | 4043551_138 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.002634260570630431,
"distance": 78,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 25,
"gendered_word": "hero",
"word_pos": 103,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "There is a obelisk that is located across from City Hall in Plattsburgh, N.Y. known as the Macdonough Monument which honors the victory of American soldiers and sailors in the Battle of Plattsburgh.",
"max_attention_score": 0.002634260570630431,
"preceding_context": "McDonough, NY and East McDonough, NY, and the greater Town of McDonough, Chenango County, NY are named after the war hero. Macdonough Hall, at the United States Naval Academy, is home to the boxing, sprint football, water polo, and gymnastics programs, as well as housing a gymnasium, racquetball courts, a swimming pool, and recreational weight rooms for Midshipmen.",
"seed": "sailors",
"trailing_context": "In 1925, a Macdonough Monument was erected in the city green in Vergennes, Vermont to commemorate the building of the USS Saratoga and other ships at Otter Creek that were used in the Battle of Plattsburgh."
} |
Biography Early life and education
Bofill was born on May 2, 1954, in the Brooklyn area of New York City to a Cuban father and a Puerto Rican mother. Raised in The Bronx, Bofill grew up listening to Latin music and was also inspired by African-American performers. During Bofill's childhood, her weekends were taken up studying classical music and singing in New York City's All City Chorus, which featured the best singers from all of the high schools in the five boroughs. | 4043660_6 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0022065644152462482,
"distance": 27,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 26,
"gendered_word": "father",
"word_pos": 53,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0020788367837667465,
"distance": 22,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 31,
"gendered_word": "mother",
"word_pos": 53,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "Raised in The Bronx, Bofill grew up listening to Latin music and was also inspired by African-American performers.",
"max_attention_score": 0.0022065644152462482,
"preceding_context": "Biography Early life and education\nBofill was born on May 2, 1954, in the Brooklyn area of New York City to a Cuban father and a Puerto Rican mother.",
"seed": "performers",
"trailing_context": "During Bofill's childhood, her weekends were taken up studying classical music and singing in New York City's All City Chorus, which featured the best singers from all of the high schools in the five boroughs."
} |
His brother Loftus Cuddy was a Conservative candidate for the riding of Toronto—Danforth in the 2004 Canadian federal election. In the 2004 edition of Canada Reads, Cuddy advocated for Guy Vanderhaeghe's novel The Last Crossing, which won the competition. In the 2007 edition of Canada Reads, an "all-star" competition pitting the five winning advocates from previous years against each other, Cuddy returned to champion Timothy Taylor's novel Stanley Park. In 2016, Cuddy collaborated with Tawse Winery in Niagara to launch a new wine brand, Cuddy by Tawse. | 4043692_29 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.00218598241917789,
"distance": 64,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 1,
"gendered_word": "brother",
"word_pos": 65,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "In the 2007 edition of Canada Reads, an \"all-star\" competition pitting the five winning advocates from previous years against each other, Cuddy returned to champion Timothy Taylor's novel Stanley Park.",
"max_attention_score": 0.00218598241917789,
"preceding_context": "His brother Loftus Cuddy was a Conservative candidate for the riding of Toronto—Danforth in the 2004 Canadian federal election. In the 2004 edition of Canada Reads, Cuddy advocated for Guy Vanderhaeghe's novel The Last Crossing, which won the competition.",
"seed": "advocates",
"trailing_context": "In 2016, Cuddy collaborated with Tawse Winery in Niagara to launch a new wine brand, Cuddy by Tawse."
} |
According to Boston, he meant to major in math at university and write on the side, but soon found that he was more interested in writing. After being advised by a friend that he should not major in English to become a writer, he decided on economics instead. Writing career
Boston has won the Rhysling Award for speculative poetry a record seven times, and the Asimov's Readers' Award for poetry a record seven times. He has also received a Pushcart Prize for fiction, 1976, a record four Bram Stoker Awards for solo poetry collections, and the first Grand Master Award of the Science Fiction Poetry Association, 1999. | 4043858_7 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0021526049822568893,
"distance": 37,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 112,
"gendered_word": "Master",
"word_pos": 75,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "Writing career\nBoston has won the Rhysling Award for speculative poetry a record seven times, and the Asimov's Readers' Award for poetry a record seven times.",
"max_attention_score": 0.0021526049822568893,
"preceding_context": "According to Boston, he meant to major in math at university and write on the side, but soon found that he was more interested in writing. After being advised by a friend that he should not major in English to become a writer, he decided on economics instead.",
"seed": "readers",
"trailing_context": "He has also received a Pushcart Prize for fiction, 1976, a record four Bram Stoker Awards for solo poetry collections, and the first Grand Master Award of the Science Fiction Poetry Association, 1999."
} |
They built the dam and its earthen dikes, constructed a kitchen shelter, landscaped, planted trees, and blazed trails. WPA and CCC workers cleared trees out of the lakebed. For the first year the laborers were World War I veterans from the Veterans Conservation Corps (VCC). In July 1936 they transferred to other Minnesota state parks and were replaced with the unemployed young men more typical of CCC projects. | 4043934_64 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0021986430510878563,
"distance": 27,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 71,
"gendered_word": "men",
"word_pos": 44,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.004279277753084898,
"distance": 24,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 71,
"gendered_word": "men",
"word_pos": 47,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "For the first year the laborers were World War I veterans from the Veterans Conservation Corps (VCC).",
"max_attention_score": 0.004279277753084898,
"preceding_context": "They built the dam and its earthen dikes, constructed a kitchen shelter, landscaped, planted trees, and blazed trails. WPA and CCC workers cleared trees out of the lakebed.",
"seed": "veterans",
"trailing_context": "In July 1936 they transferred to other Minnesota state parks and were replaced with the unemployed young men more typical of CCC projects."
} |
The state of Minnesota purchased the property in 1934. The first Works Progress Administration (WPA) enrollees arrived in September, living in tents while they built bunkhouses, a mess hall, and an administrative building over the winter. Mostly middle-aged skilled workers, the WPA men quarried stone and constructed three park buildings: a beachhouse, a manager's residence, and a garage. A second workforce arrived in June 1935, establishing its own camp in the southwest corner of the park. | 4043934_59 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0014887938741594553,
"distance": 4,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 52,
"gendered_word": "men",
"word_pos": 48,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "matching",
"matching_sentence": "Mostly middle-aged skilled workers, the WPA men quarried stone and constructed three park buildings: a beachhouse, a manager's residence, and a garage.",
"max_attention_score": 0.0014887938741594553,
"preceding_context": "The state of Minnesota purchased the property in 1934. The first Works Progress Administration (WPA) enrollees arrived in September, living in tents while they built bunkhouses, a mess hall, and an administrative building over the winter.",
"seed": "workers",
"trailing_context": "A second workforce arrived in June 1935, establishing its own camp in the southwest corner of the park."
} |
Mostly middle-aged skilled workers, the WPA men quarried stone and constructed three park buildings: a beachhouse, a manager's residence, and a garage. A second workforce arrived in June 1935, establishing its own camp in the southwest corner of the park. These were less-skilled workers hired through the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). They built the dam and its earthen dikes, constructed a kitchen shelter, landscaped, planted trees, and blazed trails. | 4043934_61 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.002658164594322443,
"distance": 4,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 9,
"gendered_word": "men",
"word_pos": 5,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0009035958210006356,
"distance": 46,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 9,
"gendered_word": "men",
"word_pos": 55,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "These were less-skilled workers hired through the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC).",
"max_attention_score": 0.002658164594322443,
"preceding_context": "Mostly middle-aged skilled workers, the WPA men quarried stone and constructed three park buildings: a beachhouse, a manager's residence, and a garage. A second workforce arrived in June 1935, establishing its own camp in the southwest corner of the park.",
"seed": "workers",
"trailing_context": "They built the dam and its earthen dikes, constructed a kitchen shelter, landscaped, planted trees, and blazed trails."
} |
The location of Camp New Ulm outside a town with a strong German heritage was a lucky break for the POWs. Many locals still spoke German and were sympathetic toward the prisoners (and hoping in many cases for news of relatives and the old country). German-speaking church officials held Lutheran and Catholic services in the camp and gathered donations of reading material. Although the guards warned civilians that they were not to have contact with the POWs, food was slipped over the fence, cannery workers shared ice cream and beer, and young women waded across the river at night to flirt at the camp's edge. POWs out on weeklong farm details fared best of all, often receiving full home-cooked meals at the family dinner table. | 4043934_91 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.007857348769903183,
"distance": 9,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 103,
"gendered_word": "women",
"word_pos": 94,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "matching",
"matching_sentence": "Although the guards warned civilians that they were not to have contact with the POWs, food was slipped over the fence, cannery workers shared ice cream and beer, and young women waded across the river at night to flirt at the camp's edge.",
"max_attention_score": 0.007857348769903183,
"preceding_context": "The location of Camp New Ulm outside a town with a strong German heritage was a lucky break for the POWs. Many locals still spoke German and were sympathetic toward the prisoners (and hoping in many cases for news of relatives and the old country). German-speaking church officials held Lutheran and Catholic services in the camp and gathered donations of reading material.",
"seed": "workers",
"trailing_context": "POWs out on weeklong farm details fared best of all, often receiving full home-cooked meals at the family dinner table."
} |
From 1963 to 1965, Paluzzi almost exclusively appeared in Italian productions. In 1965, Paluzzi was cast as SPECTRE villainess, Fiona Volpe, "volpe" is "fox" in Italian, in Terence Young's Thunderball (1965), for which she is best known. She had auditioned for the part of the lead Bond girl, Dominetta "Domino" Petacchi, but producers instead cast Claudine Auger, changing the character's name from an Italian to a Frenchwoman, renaming her Dominique Derval. Initially crestfallen when informed she did not get the part, Paluzzi rejoiced when told her consolatory prize was the part of Fiona Volpe, originally planned to be Fiona Kelly, which she said was "more fun" to play. | 4044086_15 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0022824842017143965,
"distance": 9,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 62,
"gendered_word": "girl",
"word_pos": 71,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "matching",
"matching_sentence": "She had auditioned for the part of the lead Bond girl, Dominetta \"Domino\" Petacchi, but producers instead cast Claudine Auger, changing the character's name from an Italian to a Frenchwoman, renaming her Dominique Derval.",
"max_attention_score": 0.0022824842017143965,
"preceding_context": "From 1963 to 1965, Paluzzi almost exclusively appeared in Italian productions. In 1965, Paluzzi was cast as SPECTRE villainess, Fiona Volpe, \"volpe\" is \"fox\" in Italian, in Terence Young's Thunderball (1965), for which she is best known.",
"seed": "producers",
"trailing_context": "Initially crestfallen when informed she did not get the part, Paluzzi rejoiced when told her consolatory prize was the part of Fiona Volpe, originally planned to be Fiona Kelly, which she said was \"more fun\" to play."
} |
Legal career
After entering law school, she earned her Juris Doctor from Syracuse University College of Law in 1972, where she was the only woman in the class. In 1972, she was a part of the Ms. magazine campaign: “We Have Had Abortions” which called for an end to "archaic laws" limiting reproductive freedom, and encouraged women to share their stories and take action. In 1981, DeCrow was one of the lawyers for former NYPD detective Frank Serpico in his unsuccessful attempt to overturn a child support order on the grounds that the mother had deceived him into the pregnancy by lying about taking the contraceptive pill. DeCrow's decision to defend Serpico in this case attracted some criticism. | 4044252_20 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0004964547697454691,
"distance": 57,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 27,
"gendered_word": "woman",
"word_pos": 84,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.00033979950239881873,
"distance": 17,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 67,
"gendered_word": "women",
"word_pos": 84,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0020008464343845844,
"distance": 22,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 106,
"gendered_word": "mother",
"word_pos": 84,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "matching",
"matching_sentence": "In 1981, DeCrow was one of the lawyers for former NYPD detective Frank Serpico in his unsuccessful attempt to overturn a child support order on the grounds that the mother had deceived him into the pregnancy by lying about taking the contraceptive pill.",
"max_attention_score": 0.0020008464343845844,
"preceding_context": "Legal career \nAfter entering law school, she earned her Juris Doctor from Syracuse University College of Law in 1972, where she was the only woman in the class. In 1972, she was a part of the Ms. magazine campaign: “We Have Had Abortions” which called for an end to \"archaic laws\" limiting reproductive freedom, and encouraged women to share their stories and take action.",
"seed": "lawyers",
"trailing_context": "DeCrow's decision to defend Serpico in this case attracted some criticism."
} |
Wilma Louise Scott Heide (February 26, 1921 – May 8, 1985) was an American author, nurse, and social activist. Born in Ferndale, Pennsylvania, Heide trained as a registered nurse in psychiatry at Brooklyn State Hospital. She began her career at a mental hospital in Torrance, Pennsylvania, where she imposed changes to rectify the persistent mistreatment of staff and patients. She received her bachelor's and masters' degrees in sociology from the University of Pittsburgh and was involved in a number of activist groups in the city. | 4044380_2 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.002164119854569435,
"distance": 5,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 75,
"gendered_word": "bachelor",
"word_pos": 70,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "She began her career at a mental hospital in Torrance, Pennsylvania, where she imposed changes to rectify the persistent mistreatment of staff and patients.",
"max_attention_score": 0.002164119854569435,
"preceding_context": "Wilma Louise Scott Heide (February 26, 1921 – May 8, 1985) was an American author, nurse, and social activist. Born in Ferndale, Pennsylvania, Heide trained as a registered nurse in psychiatry at Brooklyn State Hospital.",
"seed": "patients",
"trailing_context": "She received her bachelor's and masters' degrees in sociology from the University of Pittsburgh and was involved in a number of activist groups in the city."
} |
During her studies, she was given the opportunity to meet the First Lady, Eleanor Roosevelt, and they spoke for an hour about social activism. After graduation, Heide returned to the mental hospital where she had previously worked. The conditions had not improved and she began to work to reduce the staff's shifts to forty hours a week and made other changes to fix the consistent mistreatment of staff and patients. She refused to sign untruthful reports given to the Department of Welfare about the treatment of patients and reported the hospital to the department for non-compliance with regulations. | 4044380_31 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.004250210244208574,
"distance": 63,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 13,
"gendered_word": "Lady",
"word_pos": 76,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.002464831341058016,
"distance": 81,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 13,
"gendered_word": "Lady",
"word_pos": 94,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "The conditions had not improved and she began to work to reduce the staff's shifts to forty hours a week and made other changes to fix the consistent mistreatment of staff and patients.",
"max_attention_score": 0.004250210244208574,
"preceding_context": "During her studies, she was given the opportunity to meet the First Lady, Eleanor Roosevelt, and they spoke for an hour about social activism. After graduation, Heide returned to the mental hospital where she had previously worked.",
"seed": "patients",
"trailing_context": "She refused to sign untruthful reports given to the Department of Welfare about the treatment of patients and reported the hospital to the department for non-compliance with regulations."
} |
Pittsburgh Commission on Human Relations, ruling by a 5–4 margin that the practice was discriminatory. They also led the boycott of Colgate-Palmolive to protest the company's discriminatory practices. The company had a policy that de facto prohibited women from certain positions by imposing a restriction that required employees to lift packages over . A court ruling had ordered the company to change its practices but the response was slow. | 4044380_76 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.011050209403038025,
"distance": 10,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 43,
"gendered_word": "women",
"word_pos": 53,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "matching",
"matching_sentence": "The company had a policy that de facto prohibited women from certain positions by imposing a restriction that required employees to lift packages over .",
"max_attention_score": 0.011050209403038025,
"preceding_context": "Pittsburgh Commission on Human Relations, ruling by a 5–4 margin that the practice was discriminatory. They also led the boycott of Colgate-Palmolive to protest the company's discriminatory practices.",
"seed": "employees",
"trailing_context": "A court ruling had ordered the company to change its practices but the response was slow."
} |
On February 18, 1973, she was re-elected as the president of NOW for her second term. While president, Heide led the campaign against AT&T for sex discrimination. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), at NOW's urging, conducted an investigation that found that women employees were not working in all available jobs, which caused them to lose $422 million (equivalent to $ in ). In 1972, Heide and other members of NOW met with Robert Lilley, the president of AT&T, to discuss the EEOC report and to challenge the inadequacy of the proposed affirmative action plan. | 4044380_92 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.005924098193645477,
"distance": 1,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 54,
"gendered_word": "women",
"word_pos": 55,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "matching",
"matching_sentence": "The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), at NOW's urging, conducted an investigation that found that women employees were not working in all available jobs, which caused them to lose $422 million (equivalent to $ in ).",
"max_attention_score": 0.005924098193645477,
"preceding_context": "On February 18, 1973, she was re-elected as the president of NOW for her second term. While president, Heide led the campaign against AT&T for sex discrimination.",
"seed": "employees",
"trailing_context": "In 1972, Heide and other members of NOW met with Robert Lilley, the president of AT&T, to discuss the EEOC report and to challenge the inadequacy of the proposed affirmative action plan."
} |
The conditions had not improved and she began to work to reduce the staff's shifts to forty hours a week and made other changes to fix the consistent mistreatment of staff and patients. She refused to sign untruthful reports given to the Department of Welfare about the treatment of patients and reported the hospital to the department for non-compliance with regulations. Heide was considered by supervisors to be insubordinate and she eventually resigned in frustration, after being falsely accused in a check cashing scandal. She enrolled at the University of Pittsburgh in 1948, alongside a job as a nurse at the Pennsylvania College for Women. | 4044380_33 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.00048537220573052764,
"distance": 42,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 112,
"gendered_word": "Women",
"word_pos": 70,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "Heide was considered by supervisors to be insubordinate and she eventually resigned in frustration, after being falsely accused in a check cashing scandal.",
"max_attention_score": 0.00048537220573052764,
"preceding_context": "The conditions had not improved and she began to work to reduce the staff's shifts to forty hours a week and made other changes to fix the consistent mistreatment of staff and patients. She refused to sign untruthful reports given to the Department of Welfare about the treatment of patients and reported the hospital to the department for non-compliance with regulations.",
"seed": "supervisors",
"trailing_context": "She enrolled at the University of Pittsburgh in 1948, alongside a job as a nurse at the Pennsylvania College for Women."
} |
In 1967, the board of directors of NOW called for each chapter to protest sex-segregated classified advertisements. The Pittsburgh chapter filed a complaint with the Commission on Human Rights against The Pittsburgh Press under the ordinance banning sex discrimination that the City Council had passed. This complaint challenged the practice of the newspaper of separating help wanted advertisements by those employers seeking women or men in columns with different headings. The Commission upheld the complaint under the ordinance and the newspaper filed suit, claiming that the restriction violated its rights under the First Amendment to freedom of the press. | 4044380_71 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.013495106250047684,
"distance": 2,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 67,
"gendered_word": "women",
"word_pos": 65,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.010690278373658657,
"distance": 4,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 69,
"gendered_word": "men",
"word_pos": 65,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "matching",
"matching_sentence": "This complaint challenged the practice of the newspaper of separating help wanted advertisements by those employers seeking women or men in columns with different headings.",
"max_attention_score": 0.013495106250047684,
"preceding_context": "In 1967, the board of directors of NOW called for each chapter to protest sex-segregated classified advertisements. The Pittsburgh chapter filed a complaint with the Commission on Human Rights against The Pittsburgh Press under the ordinance banning sex discrimination that the City Council had passed.",
"seed": "employers",
"trailing_context": "The Commission upheld the complaint under the ordinance and the newspaper filed suit, claiming that the restriction violated its rights under the First Amendment to freedom of the press."
} |
In 1974, she met with the ANA and challenged them to take on a more political role, a meeting that was later credited with the foundation of the Nurses Coalition for Action and Politics. Heide had also previously assisted with the founding of the National Women's Political Caucus in 1971 and she served on the Policy Council until 1974 and on the Advisory Board until 1977. She was also involved with the ACLU, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the National Board of Partners in Housing, the National Coalition for Human Needs and Budget Priorities and at Social Policy magazine. She was a co-founder of the Women's Coalition for the Third Century in 1972, in response to a request to consult on the Federal American Revolution Bicentennial Commission. | 4044380_119 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.002469257451593876,
"distance": 41,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 48,
"gendered_word": "Women",
"word_pos": 89,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.00039610365638509393,
"distance": 27,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 116,
"gendered_word": "Women",
"word_pos": 89,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "She was also involved with the ACLU, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the National Board of Partners in Housing, the National Coalition for Human Needs and Budget Priorities and at Social Policy magazine.",
"max_attention_score": 0.002469257451593876,
"preceding_context": "In 1974, she met with the ANA and challenged them to take on a more political role, a meeting that was later credited with the foundation of the Nurses Coalition for Action and Politics. Heide had also previously assisted with the founding of the National Women's Political Caucus in 1971 and she served on the Policy Council until 1974 and on the Advisory Board until 1977.",
"seed": "partners",
"trailing_context": "She was a co-founder of the Women's Coalition for the Third Century in 1972, in response to a request to consult on the Federal American Revolution Bicentennial Commission."
} |
In 1905, a series of pogroms erupted at the same time as the Revolution against the government of Nicholas II. The chief organizers of the pogroms were the members of the Union of the Russian People (commonly known as the "Black Hundreds"). From 1911 to 1913, the antisemitic tenor of the period was characterized by a number of blood libel cases (accusations of Jews murdering Christians for ritual purposes). One of the most famous was the two-year trial of Menahem Mendel Beilis, who was charged with the murder of a Christian boy. | 4044444_82 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0007774797268211842,
"distance": 33,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 105,
"gendered_word": "boy",
"word_pos": 72,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "From 1911 to 1913, the antisemitic tenor of the period was characterized by a number of blood libel cases (accusations of Jews murdering Christians for ritual purposes).",
"max_attention_score": 0.0007774797268211842,
"preceding_context": "In 1905, a series of pogroms erupted at the same time as the Revolution against the government of Nicholas II. The chief organizers of the pogroms were the members of the Union of the Russian People (commonly known as the \"Black Hundreds\").",
"seed": "jews",
"trailing_context": "One of the most famous was the two-year trial of Menahem Mendel Beilis, who was charged with the murder of a Christian boy."
} |
Pogroms across Podolia On 15 February 1919, during the Ukrainian-Soviet war, Otaman Ivan Semesenko initiated a pogrom Proskurov in which many Jews were massacred on Shabbat (parashah Tesaveh). Semesenko claimed that the pogrom was in retaliation for a previous Bolshevik uprising that he believed was led by Jews. According to the pinqasim record books those murdered in the pogrom included 390 men, 309 women and 76 children. | 4044444_135 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.015068314969539642,
"distance": 44,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 69,
"gendered_word": "men",
"word_pos": 25,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0070523968897759914,
"distance": 47,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 72,
"gendered_word": "women",
"word_pos": 25,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0034325863234698772,
"distance": 15,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 69,
"gendered_word": "men",
"word_pos": 54,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0021867267787456512,
"distance": 18,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 72,
"gendered_word": "women",
"word_pos": 54,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "Semesenko claimed that the pogrom was in retaliation for a previous Bolshevik uprising that he believed was led by Jews.",
"max_attention_score": 0.015068314969539642,
"preceding_context": "Pogroms across Podolia On 15 February 1919, during the Ukrainian-Soviet war, Otaman Ivan Semesenko initiated a pogrom Proskurov in which many Jews were massacred on Shabbat (parashah Tesaveh).",
"seed": "jews",
"trailing_context": "According to the pinqasim record books those murdered in the pogrom included 390 men, 309 women and 76 children."
} |
Increasing prosperity and the great charter (1320–1432) With the campaign of Gediminas and his subjection of Kiev and Volhynia (1320–1321) the Jewish inhabitants of these territories were induced to spread throughout the northern provinces of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The probable importance of the southern Jews in the development of Belarus and Lithuania is indicated by their numerical prominence in Volhynia in the 13th century. According to an annalist who describes the funeral of the grand duke Vladimir Vasilkovich in the city of Vladimir (Volhynia), "the Jews wept at his funeral as at the fall of Jerusalem, or when being led into the Babylonian captivity." This sympathy and the record thereof would seem to indicate that long before the event in question the Jews had enjoyed considerable prosperity and influence, and this gave them a certain standing under the new régime. | 4044459_27 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0019677483942359686,
"distance": 32,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 83,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 51,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.002124177757650614,
"distance": 14,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 83,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 97,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.003910181578248739,
"distance": 54,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 83,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 137,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "The probable importance of the southern Jews in the development of Belarus and Lithuania is indicated by their numerical prominence in Volhynia in the 13th century.",
"max_attention_score": 0.003910181578248739,
"preceding_context": "Increasing prosperity and the great charter (1320–1432) With the campaign of Gediminas and his subjection of Kiev and Volhynia (1320–1321) the Jewish inhabitants of these territories were induced to spread throughout the northern provinces of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.",
"seed": "jews",
"trailing_context": "According to an annalist who describes the funeral of the grand duke Vladimir Vasilkovich in the city of Vladimir (Volhynia), \"the Jews wept at his funeral as at the fall of Jerusalem, or when being led into the Babylonian captivity.\" This sympathy and the record thereof would seem to indicate that long before the event in question the Jews had enjoyed considerable prosperity and influence, and this gave them a certain standing under the new régime."
} |
With the campaign of Gediminas and his subjection of Kiev and Volhynia (1320–1321) the Jewish inhabitants of these territories were induced to spread throughout the northern provinces of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The probable importance of the southern Jews in the development of Belarus and Lithuania is indicated by their numerical prominence in Volhynia in the 13th century. According to an annalist who describes the funeral of the grand duke Vladimir Vasilkovich in the city of Vladimir (Volhynia), "the Jews wept at his funeral as at the fall of Jerusalem, or when being led into the Babylonian captivity." This sympathy and the record thereof would seem to indicate that long before the event in question the Jews had enjoyed considerable prosperity and influence, and this gave them a certain standing under the new régime. They took an active part in the development of the new cities under the tolerant rule of duke Gediminas. | 4044459_28 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.004385975655168295,
"distance": 32,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 74,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 42,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0032261600717902184,
"distance": 123,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 165,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 42,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.007138082757592201,
"distance": 14,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 74,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 88,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0005868491716682911,
"distance": 77,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 165,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 88,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.001476299948990345,
"distance": 54,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 74,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 128,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0005063969874754548,
"distance": 37,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 165,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 128,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "matching",
"matching_sentence": "According to an annalist who describes the funeral of the grand duke Vladimir Vasilkovich in the city of Vladimir (Volhynia), \"the Jews wept at his funeral as at the fall of Jerusalem, or when being led into the Babylonian captivity.\" This sympathy and the record thereof would seem to indicate that long before the event in question the Jews had enjoyed considerable prosperity and influence, and this gave them a certain standing under the new régime.",
"max_attention_score": 0.007138082757592201,
"preceding_context": "With the campaign of Gediminas and his subjection of Kiev and Volhynia (1320–1321) the Jewish inhabitants of these territories were induced to spread throughout the northern provinces of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The probable importance of the southern Jews in the development of Belarus and Lithuania is indicated by their numerical prominence in Volhynia in the 13th century.",
"seed": "jews",
"trailing_context": "They took an active part in the development of the new cities under the tolerant rule of duke Gediminas."
} |
According to an annalist who describes the funeral of the grand duke Vladimir Vasilkovich in the city of Vladimir (Volhynia), "the Jews wept at his funeral as at the fall of Jerusalem, or when being led into the Babylonian captivity." This sympathy and the record thereof would seem to indicate that long before the event in question the Jews had enjoyed considerable prosperity and influence, and this gave them a certain standing under the new régime. They took an active part in the development of the new cities under the tolerant rule of duke Gediminas. Little is known of the fortunes of the Belarusian Jews during the troublous times that followed the death of Gediminas and the accession of his grandson Vitaut (1341). To the latter, the Jews owed a charter of privileges which was momentous in the subsequent history of the Jews of Belarus and Lithuania. | 4044459_30 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0017099183751270175,
"distance": 14,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 11,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 25,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.000683633959852159,
"distance": 77,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 102,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 25,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0015513779362663627,
"distance": 54,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 11,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 65,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0007098079076968133,
"distance": 37,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 102,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 65,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.002171651925891638,
"distance": 103,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 11,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 114,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.00028295424999669194,
"distance": 12,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 102,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 114,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0016093426384031773,
"distance": 130,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 11,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 141,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0007709483616054058,
"distance": 39,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 102,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 141,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.002373243449255824,
"distance": 145,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 11,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 156,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0010174675844609737,
"distance": 54,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 102,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 156,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "Little is known of the fortunes of the Belarusian Jews during the troublous times that followed the death of Gediminas and the accession of his grandson Vitaut (1341).",
"max_attention_score": 0.002373243449255824,
"preceding_context": "According to an annalist who describes the funeral of the grand duke Vladimir Vasilkovich in the city of Vladimir (Volhynia), \"the Jews wept at his funeral as at the fall of Jerusalem, or when being led into the Babylonian captivity.\" This sympathy and the record thereof would seem to indicate that long before the event in question the Jews had enjoyed considerable prosperity and influence, and this gave them a certain standing under the new régime. They took an active part in the development of the new cities under the tolerant rule of duke Gediminas.",
"seed": "jews",
"trailing_context": "To the latter, the Jews owed a charter of privileges which was momentous in the subsequent history of the Jews of Belarus and Lithuania."
} |
They took an active part in the development of the new cities under the tolerant rule of duke Gediminas. Little is known of the fortunes of the Belarusian Jews during the troublous times that followed the death of Gediminas and the accession of his grandson Vitaut (1341). To the latter, the Jews owed a charter of privileges which was momentous in the subsequent history of the Jews of Belarus and Lithuania. The documents granting privileges first to the Jews of Brest (July 1, 1388) and later to those of Hrodna, Troki (1389), Lutsk, Vladimir, and other large towns are the earliest documents to recognize the Jews of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania as possessing a distinct organization. | 4044459_31 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0003685940755531192,
"distance": 12,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 17,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 29,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0012465852778404951,
"distance": 39,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 17,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 56,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0011777065228670835,
"distance": 54,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 17,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 71,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0007589130545966327,
"distance": 67,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 17,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 84,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0013285977765917778,
"distance": 103,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 17,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 120,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "To the latter, the Jews owed a charter of privileges which was momentous in the subsequent history of the Jews of Belarus and Lithuania.",
"max_attention_score": 0.0013285977765917778,
"preceding_context": "They took an active part in the development of the new cities under the tolerant rule of duke Gediminas. Little is known of the fortunes of the Belarusian Jews during the troublous times that followed the death of Gediminas and the accession of his grandson Vitaut (1341).",
"seed": "jews",
"trailing_context": "The documents granting privileges first to the Jews of Brest (July 1, 1388) and later to those of Hrodna, Troki (1389), Lutsk, Vladimir, and other large towns are the earliest documents to recognize the Jews of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania as possessing a distinct organization."
} |
In the name of God, Amen. All deeds of men, when they are not made known by the testimony of witnesses or in writing, pass away and vanish and are forgotten. Therefore, we, Alexander, also called Vitovt, by the grace of God Grand Duke of Lithuania and ruler of Brest, Dorogicz, Lutsk, Vladimir, and other places, make known by this charter to the present and future generations, or to whomever it may concern to know or hear of it, that, after due deliberation with our nobles we have decided to grant to all the Jews living in our domains the rights and liberties mentioned in the following charter. The charter itself was modeled upon similar documents granted by Casimir the Great, and earlier by Boleslaw of Kalisz, to the Jews in Poland in 1084. | 4044459_43 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.002637940924614668,
"distance": 100,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 11,
"gendered_word": "men",
"word_pos": 111,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0017421975499019027,
"distance": 59,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 52,
"gendered_word": "Duke",
"word_pos": 111,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0020110630430281162,
"distance": 138,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 11,
"gendered_word": "men",
"word_pos": 149,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0025351352524012327,
"distance": 97,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 52,
"gendered_word": "Duke",
"word_pos": 149,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "Therefore, we, Alexander, also called Vitovt, by the grace of God Grand Duke of Lithuania and ruler of Brest, Dorogicz, Lutsk, Vladimir, and other places, make known by this charter to the present and future generations, or to whomever it may concern to know or hear of it, that, after due deliberation with our nobles we have decided to grant to all the Jews living in our domains the rights and liberties mentioned in the following charter.",
"max_attention_score": 0.002637940924614668,
"preceding_context": "In the name of God, Amen. All deeds of men, when they are not made known by the testimony of witnesses or in writing, pass away and vanish and are forgotten.",
"seed": "jews",
"trailing_context": "The charter itself was modeled upon similar documents granted by Casimir the Great, and earlier by Boleslaw of Kalisz, to the Jews in Poland in 1084."
} |
All deeds of men, when they are not made known by the testimony of witnesses or in writing, pass away and vanish and are forgotten. Therefore, we, Alexander, also called Vitovt, by the grace of God Grand Duke of Lithuania and ruler of Brest, Dorogicz, Lutsk, Vladimir, and other places, make known by this charter to the present and future generations, or to whomever it may concern to know or hear of it, that, after due deliberation with our nobles we have decided to grant to all the Jews living in our domains the rights and liberties mentioned in the following charter. The charter itself was modeled upon similar documents granted by Casimir the Great, and earlier by Boleslaw of Kalisz, to the Jews in Poland in 1084. Under the charter, the Jews of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania formed a class of freemen subject in all criminal cases directly to the jurisdiction of the grand duke and his official representatives, and in petty suits to the jurisdiction of local officials on an equal footing with the lesser nobles (szlachta), boyars, and other free citizens. | 4044459_44 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0015540755121037364,
"distance": 100,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 3,
"gendered_word": "men",
"word_pos": 103,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0004757545830216259,
"distance": 59,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 44,
"gendered_word": "Duke",
"word_pos": 103,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0003555089351721108,
"distance": 73,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 176,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 103,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0007521410007029772,
"distance": 138,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 3,
"gendered_word": "men",
"word_pos": 141,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0007602031109854579,
"distance": 97,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 44,
"gendered_word": "Duke",
"word_pos": 141,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0004447600804269314,
"distance": 35,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 176,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 141,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0008490078034810722,
"distance": 149,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 3,
"gendered_word": "men",
"word_pos": 152,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0006509294616989791,
"distance": 108,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 44,
"gendered_word": "Duke",
"word_pos": 152,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0007423949427902699,
"distance": 24,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 176,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 152,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "The charter itself was modeled upon similar documents granted by Casimir the Great, and earlier by Boleslaw of Kalisz, to the Jews in Poland in 1084.",
"max_attention_score": 0.0015540755121037364,
"preceding_context": "All deeds of men, when they are not made known by the testimony of witnesses or in writing, pass away and vanish and are forgotten. Therefore, we, Alexander, also called Vitovt, by the grace of God Grand Duke of Lithuania and ruler of Brest, Dorogicz, Lutsk, Vladimir, and other places, make known by this charter to the present and future generations, or to whomever it may concern to know or hear of it, that, after due deliberation with our nobles we have decided to grant to all the Jews living in our domains the rights and liberties mentioned in the following charter.",
"seed": "jews",
"trailing_context": "Under the charter, the Jews of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania formed a class of freemen subject in all criminal cases directly to the jurisdiction of the grand duke and his official representatives, and in petty suits to the jurisdiction of local officials on an equal footing with the lesser nobles (szlachta), boyars, and other free citizens."
} |
Therefore, we, Alexander, also called Vitovt, by the grace of God Grand Duke of Lithuania and ruler of Brest, Dorogicz, Lutsk, Vladimir, and other places, make known by this charter to the present and future generations, or to whomever it may concern to know or hear of it, that, after due deliberation with our nobles we have decided to grant to all the Jews living in our domains the rights and liberties mentioned in the following charter. The charter itself was modeled upon similar documents granted by Casimir the Great, and earlier by Boleslaw of Kalisz, to the Jews in Poland in 1084. Under the charter, the Jews of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania formed a class of freemen subject in all criminal cases directly to the jurisdiction of the grand duke and his official representatives, and in petty suits to the jurisdiction of local officials on an equal footing with the lesser nobles (szlachta), boyars, and other free citizens. The official representatives of the grand duke were the elder (starosta), known as the "Jewish judge" (judex Judæorum), and his deputy. | 4044459_45 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0006659606005996466,
"distance": 59,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 16,
"gendered_word": "Duke",
"word_pos": 75,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0004239268018864095,
"distance": 73,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 148,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 75,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.00033397943479940295,
"distance": 114,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 189,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 75,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.00084439676720649,
"distance": 97,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 16,
"gendered_word": "Duke",
"word_pos": 113,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.00047251206706278026,
"distance": 35,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 148,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 113,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.00041142123518511653,
"distance": 76,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 189,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 113,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.000568204210139811,
"distance": 108,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 16,
"gendered_word": "Duke",
"word_pos": 124,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0006322049302980304,
"distance": 24,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 148,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 124,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.00046895997365936637,
"distance": 65,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 189,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 124,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "Under the charter, the Jews of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania formed a class of freemen subject in all criminal cases directly to the jurisdiction of the grand duke and his official representatives, and in petty suits to the jurisdiction of local officials on an equal footing with the lesser nobles (szlachta), boyars, and other free citizens.",
"max_attention_score": 0.00084439676720649,
"preceding_context": "Therefore, we, Alexander, also called Vitovt, by the grace of God Grand Duke of Lithuania and ruler of Brest, Dorogicz, Lutsk, Vladimir, and other places, make known by this charter to the present and future generations, or to whomever it may concern to know or hear of it, that, after due deliberation with our nobles we have decided to grant to all the Jews living in our domains the rights and liberties mentioned in the following charter. The charter itself was modeled upon similar documents granted by Casimir the Great, and earlier by Boleslaw of Kalisz, to the Jews in Poland in 1084.",
"seed": "jews",
"trailing_context": "The official representatives of the grand duke were the elder (starosta), known as the \"Jewish judge\" (judex Judæorum), and his deputy."
} |
Under the charter, the Jews of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania formed a class of freemen subject in all criminal cases directly to the jurisdiction of the grand duke and his official representatives, and in petty suits to the jurisdiction of local officials on an equal footing with the lesser nobles (szlachta), boyars, and other free citizens. The official representatives of the grand duke were the elder (starosta), known as the "Jewish judge" (judex Judæorum), and his deputy. The Jewish judge decided all cases between Christians and Jews and all criminal suits in which Jews were concerned; in civil suits, however, he acted only on the application of the interested parties. Either party who failed to obey the judge's summons had to pay him a fine. | 4044459_47 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0009399214759469032,
"distance": 24,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 29,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 5,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.000903646694496274,
"distance": 65,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 70,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 5,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0016261073760688305,
"distance": 74,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 29,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 103,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.001491083181463182,
"distance": 33,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 70,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 103,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.00039141575689427555,
"distance": 81,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 29,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 110,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.00015767195145599544,
"distance": 40,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 70,
"gendered_word": "duke",
"word_pos": 110,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "The Jewish judge decided all cases between Christians and Jews and all criminal suits in which Jews were concerned; in civil suits, however, he acted only on the application of the interested parties.",
"max_attention_score": 0.0016261073760688305,
"preceding_context": "Under the charter, the Jews of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania formed a class of freemen subject in all criminal cases directly to the jurisdiction of the grand duke and his official representatives, and in petty suits to the jurisdiction of local officials on an equal footing with the lesser nobles (szlachta), boyars, and other free citizens. The official representatives of the grand duke were the elder (starosta), known as the \"Jewish judge\" (judex Judæorum), and his deputy.",
"seed": "jews",
"trailing_context": "Either party who failed to obey the judge's summons had to pay him a fine."
} |
Expulsion of the Jews in 1495 and return in 1503 Casimir was succeeded as king of Poland by his son John Albert, and on the Lithuanian throne by his younger son, Alexander Jagellon. The latter confirmed the charter of privileges granted to the Jews by his predecessors, and even gave them additional rights. His father's Jewish creditors received part of the sums due to them, the rest being withheld under various pretexts. | 4044459_70 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0024105566553771496,
"distance": 56,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 59,
"gendered_word": "father",
"word_pos": 3,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0021450899075716734,
"distance": 13,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 59,
"gendered_word": "father",
"word_pos": 46,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "The latter confirmed the charter of privileges granted to the Jews by his predecessors, and even gave them additional rights.",
"max_attention_score": 0.0024105566553771496,
"preceding_context": "Expulsion of the Jews in 1495 and return in 1503 Casimir was succeeded as king of Poland by his son John Albert, and on the Lithuanian throne by his younger son, Alexander Jagellon.",
"seed": "jews",
"trailing_context": "His father's Jewish creditors received part of the sums due to them, the rest being withheld under various pretexts."
} |
The latter confirmed the charter of privileges granted to the Jews by his predecessors, and even gave them additional rights. His father's Jewish creditors received part of the sums due to them, the rest being withheld under various pretexts. The attitude toward the Jews which had characterized the Lithuanian rulers for generations was unexpectedly and radically changed by a decree promulgated by Alexander in April, 1495. By this decree all Jews living in Lithuania proper and the adjacent territories were summarily ordered to leave the country. | 4044459_72 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0037203077226877213,
"distance": 13,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 23,
"gendered_word": "father",
"word_pos": 10,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.001067324192263186,
"distance": 25,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 23,
"gendered_word": "father",
"word_pos": 48,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0010457185562700033,
"distance": 54,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 23,
"gendered_word": "father",
"word_pos": 77,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "The attitude toward the Jews which had characterized the Lithuanian rulers for generations was unexpectedly and radically changed by a decree promulgated by Alexander in April, 1495.",
"max_attention_score": 0.0037203077226877213,
"preceding_context": "The latter confirmed the charter of privileges granted to the Jews by his predecessors, and even gave them additional rights. His father's Jewish creditors received part of the sums due to them, the rest being withheld under various pretexts.",
"seed": "jews",
"trailing_context": "By this decree all Jews living in Lithuania proper and the adjacent territories were summarily ordered to leave the country."
} |
His father's Jewish creditors received part of the sums due to them, the rest being withheld under various pretexts. The attitude toward the Jews which had characterized the Lithuanian rulers for generations was unexpectedly and radically changed by a decree promulgated by Alexander in April, 1495. By this decree all Jews living in Lithuania proper and the adjacent territories were summarily ordered to leave the country. The expulsion was evidently not accompanied by the usual cruelties; for there was no popular animosity toward the Jews, and the decree was regarded as an act of mere willfulness on the part of an absolute ruler. | 4044459_73 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.001177116995677352,
"distance": 25,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 1,
"gendered_word": "father",
"word_pos": 26,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.001550481654703617,
"distance": 54,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 1,
"gendered_word": "father",
"word_pos": 55,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0013085715472698212,
"distance": 90,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 1,
"gendered_word": "father",
"word_pos": 91,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "By this decree all Jews living in Lithuania proper and the adjacent territories were summarily ordered to leave the country.",
"max_attention_score": 0.001550481654703617,
"preceding_context": "His father's Jewish creditors received part of the sums due to them, the rest being withheld under various pretexts. The attitude toward the Jews which had characterized the Lithuanian rulers for generations was unexpectedly and radically changed by a decree promulgated by Alexander in April, 1495.",
"seed": "jews",
"trailing_context": "The expulsion was evidently not accompanied by the usual cruelties; for there was no popular animosity toward the Jews, and the decree was regarded as an act of mere willfulness on the part of an absolute ruler."
} |
The anti-Jewish feeling, due at first to economic causes engendered by competition, was fostered by the clergy, who were then engaged in a crusade against "heretics," notably the Lutherans, Calvinists, and Jews. The Reformation, which had spread from Germany, tended to weaken the allegiance to the Roman Catholic Church. Frequent instances occurred of the marriage of Catholic women to Jews, Turks, or Tatars. The Bishop of Wilno (Vilnius) complained to Sigismund August (Dec., 1548) of the frequency of such mixed marriages and of the education of the offspring in their fathers' faiths. | 4044459_91 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0027935197576880455,
"distance": 30,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 71,
"gendered_word": "women",
"word_pos": 41,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.000833776080980897,
"distance": 2,
"gendered_location": "trailing",
"gendered_pos": 71,
"gendered_word": "women",
"word_pos": 73,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "trailing",
"matching_sentence": "Frequent instances occurred of the marriage of Catholic women to Jews, Turks, or Tatars.",
"max_attention_score": 0.0027935197576880455,
"preceding_context": "The anti-Jewish feeling, due at first to economic causes engendered by competition, was fostered by the clergy, who were then engaged in a crusade against \"heretics,\" notably the Lutherans, Calvinists, and Jews. The Reformation, which had spread from Germany, tended to weaken the allegiance to the Roman Catholic Church.",
"seed": "jews",
"trailing_context": "The Bishop of Wilno (Vilnius) complained to Sigismund August (Dec., 1548) of the frequency of such mixed marriages and of the education of the offspring in their fathers' faiths."
} |
Frequent instances occurred of the marriage of Catholic women to Jews, Turks, or Tatars. The Bishop of Wilno (Vilnius) complained to Sigismund August (Dec., 1548) of the frequency of such mixed marriages and of the education of the offspring in their fathers' faiths. The szlachta also saw in the Jews dangerous competitors in commercial and financial undertakings. In their dealings with the agricultural classes the lords preferred the Jews as middlemen, thus creating a feeling of injury on the part of the szlachta. | 4044459_93 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0008518723188899457,
"distance": 2,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 8,
"gendered_word": "women",
"word_pos": 10,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.002594234421849251,
"distance": 51,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 8,
"gendered_word": "women",
"word_pos": 59,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.001255728304386139,
"distance": 71,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 8,
"gendered_word": "women",
"word_pos": 79,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "The szlachta also saw in the Jews dangerous competitors in commercial and financial undertakings.",
"max_attention_score": 0.002594234421849251,
"preceding_context": "Frequent instances occurred of the marriage of Catholic women to Jews, Turks, or Tatars. The Bishop of Wilno (Vilnius) complained to Sigismund August (Dec., 1548) of the frequency of such mixed marriages and of the education of the offspring in their fathers' faiths.",
"seed": "jews",
"trailing_context": "In their dealings with the agricultural classes the lords preferred the Jews as middlemen, thus creating a feeling of injury on the part of the szlachta."
} |
The synagogue was closed in order to prevent him from exercising his functions, and religious services were thus discontinued for several days. The matter was thereupon carried to the local lord, who ordered the reopening of the building, saying that the house of God might not be closed, and that the cantor's claims should be decided by the learned rabbis of Lithuania. Joseph Katz mentions (She'erit Yosef, § 70) a Jewish community which was forbidden by the local authorities to kill cattle and to sell meat—an occupation which provided a livelihood for a large portion of the Lithuanian Jews. For the period of a year following this prohibition the Jewish community was on several occasions assessed at the rate of three gulden per head of cattle in order to furnish funds with which to induce the officials to grant a hearing of the case. | 4044459_148 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0016372946556657553,
"distance": 78,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 32,
"gendered_word": "lord",
"word_pos": 110,
"word_pos_tag": "PROPN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "Joseph Katz mentions (She'erit Yosef, § 70) a Jewish community which was forbidden by the local authorities to kill cattle and to sell meat—an occupation which provided a livelihood for a large portion of the Lithuanian Jews.",
"max_attention_score": 0.0016372946556657553,
"preceding_context": "The synagogue was closed in order to prevent him from exercising his functions, and religious services were thus discontinued for several days. The matter was thereupon carried to the local lord, who ordered the reopening of the building, saying that the house of God might not be closed, and that the cantor's claims should be decided by the learned rabbis of Lithuania.",
"seed": "jews",
"trailing_context": "For the period of a year following this prohibition the Jewish community was on several occasions assessed at the rate of three gulden per head of cattle in order to furnish funds with which to induce the officials to grant a hearing of the case."
} |
Freestyle skiing Jennifer Heil becomes the first Canadian woman to win a medal in moguls. Norwegian Kari Traa wins the silver and Sandra Laoura of France wins the bronze. Ice hockey The Canadian women's hockey team sets an Olympic record for the most lopsided win, beating their Italian hosts 16–0. Nordic combined German Georg Hettich picks up the gold medal in Nordic combined. | 4044551_11 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.0017052823677659035,
"distance": 44,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 8,
"gendered_word": "woman",
"word_pos": 52,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.0014084256254136562,
"distance": 17,
"gendered_location": "matching",
"gendered_pos": 35,
"gendered_word": "women",
"word_pos": 52,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "Ice hockey The Canadian women's hockey team sets an Olympic record for the most lopsided win, beating their Italian hosts 16–0.",
"max_attention_score": 0.0017052823677659035,
"preceding_context": "Freestyle skiing Jennifer Heil becomes the first Canadian woman to win a medal in moguls. Norwegian Kari Traa wins the silver and Sandra Laoura of France wins the bronze.",
"seed": "hosts",
"trailing_context": "Nordic combined German Georg Hettich picks up the gold medal in Nordic combined."
} |
Beside the lovable hippos George and Martha, James Marshall created dozens of other uniquely appealing characters and illustrated over 70 books. He is well known for his Fox series (which he wrote as "Edward Marshall"), as well as the Miss Nelson books (or Miss Viola Swamp, written by Harry Allard), The Stupids (written by Allard), the Cut-ups, and many more. James Marshall had the uncanny ability to elicit wild delight from readers with relatively little text and simple drawings. With only two minute dots for eyes, his illustrated characters are able to express a wide range of emotion, and produce howls of laughter from both children and adults. | 4044917_24 | {
"correlations": [
{
"attention_score": 0.001045827753841877,
"distance": 43,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 46,
"gendered_word": "Miss",
"word_pos": 89,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
},
{
"attention_score": 0.000444081611931324,
"distance": 38,
"gendered_location": "preceding",
"gendered_pos": 51,
"gendered_word": "Miss",
"word_pos": 89,
"word_pos_tag": "NOUN"
}
],
"found_at": "preceding",
"matching_sentence": "James Marshall had the uncanny ability to elicit wild delight from readers with relatively little text and simple drawings.",
"max_attention_score": 0.001045827753841877,
"preceding_context": "Beside the lovable hippos George and Martha, James Marshall created dozens of other uniquely appealing characters and illustrated over 70 books. He is well known for his Fox series (which he wrote as \"Edward Marshall\"), as well as the Miss Nelson books (or Miss Viola Swamp, written by Harry Allard), The Stupids (written by Allard), the Cut-ups, and many more.",
"seed": "readers",
"trailing_context": "With only two minute dots for eyes, his illustrated characters are able to express a wide range of emotion, and produce howls of laughter from both children and adults."
} |