diff --git "a/eval_predictions.json" "b/eval_predictions.json" new file mode 100644--- /dev/null +++ "b/eval_predictions.json" @@ -0,0 +1,5930 @@ +{ + "56ddde6b9a695914005b9628": "France", + "56ddde6b9a695914005b9629": "10th and 11th centuries", + "56ddde6b9a695914005b962a": "Denmark, Iceland and Norway", + "56ddde6b9a695914005b962b": "Rollo", + "56ddde6b9a695914005b962c": "10th", + "56dddf4066d3e219004dad5f": "William the Conqueror", + "56dddf4066d3e219004dad60": "Richard I of Normandy was forged into a cohesive and formidable principality in feudal tenure", + "56dddf4066d3e219004dad61": "The Normans were famed for their martial spirit and eventually for their Christian piety", + "56dde0379a695914005b9636": "Northman", + "56dde0379a695914005b9637": "9th century", + "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad75": "911", + "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad76": "King Charles III of West Francia", + "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad77": "river Seine", + "56dde1d966d3e219004dad8d": "pagii", + "56dde27d9a695914005b9651": "Catholicism", + "56dde27d9a695914005b9652": "north", + "56dde2fa66d3e219004dad9b": "fighting horsemen", + "56de0f6a4396321400ee257f": "Pechenegs, the Bulgars, and especially the Seljuk Turks", + "56de0ffd4396321400ee258d": "1050s", + "56de0ffd4396321400ee258e": "1060s", + "56de0ffd4396321400ee258f": "Alexius Komnenos", + "56de10b44396321400ee2593": "Afranji", + "56de10b44396321400ee2594": "Oursel", + "56de10b44396321400ee2595": "the Armenian state", + "56de11154396321400ee25aa": "Raoul", + "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bc": "Robert Guiscard", + "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bd": "February 1082", + "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5be": "30,000", + "56de15104396321400ee25b7": "Deabolis", + "56de15104396321400ee25b8": "Bohemond", + "56de15104396321400ee25b9": "river Deabolis", + "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c2": "1185", + "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c3": "Dyrrachium", + "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c4": "the Adriatic", + "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c8": "King Ethelred II of England", + "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c9": "Duke Richard II of Normandy", + "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5ca": "Normandy", + "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5cb": "Sweyn Forkbeard", + "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d0": "Harthacnut", + "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d1": "1041", + "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d2": "Robert of Jumi\u00e8ges", + "56de16ca4396321400ee25c5": "Battle of Hastings", + "56de16ca4396321400ee25c6": "Duke William II of Normandy", + "56de16ca4396321400ee25c7": "1066", + "56de16ca4396321400ee25c8": "Anglo-Saxons", + "56de1728cffd8e1900b4b5d7": "Anglo-Saxon language", + "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5da": "1169", + "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5db": "Irish", + "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5dc": "Irish culture", + "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e0": "King Malcolm III", + "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e1": "King Malcolm III of Scotland", + "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e2": "1072", + "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e3": "Duncan", + "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6be": "Sybilla of Normandy", + "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6bf": "Normans and Norman culture", + "56de3d594396321400ee26ca": "Hereford", + "56de3d594396321400ee26cb": "the Welsh", + "56de3d594396321400ee26cc": "Edward the Confessor", + "56de3dbacffd8e1900b4b6d2": "Wales", + "56de3e414396321400ee26d8": "1018", + "56de3e414396321400ee26d9": "William of Montreuil", + "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e6": "1097", + "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e7": "Tancred", + "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e8": "Jerusalem", + "56de3efccffd8e1900b4b6fe": "380 years", + "56de3f784396321400ee26fa": "a storm", + "56de3f784396321400ee26fb": "Berengaria", + "56de3f784396321400ee26fc": "1191", + "56de3f784396321400ee26fd": "Richard the Lion-hearted", + "56de40da4396321400ee2708": "Conrad of Montferrat", + "56de40da4396321400ee2709": "silver", + "56de40da4396321400ee270a": "Guy de Lusignan", + "56de49564396321400ee277a": "Africa", + "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a7": "Bethencourt", + "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a8": "Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n", + "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a9": "Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n", + "56de4a474396321400ee2786": "Jersey and Guernsey in the Channel Islands", + "56de4a474396321400ee2787": "two", + "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7bd": "Romanesque", + "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7be": "rounded", + "56de4b074396321400ee2793": "Gothic", + "56de4b074396321400ee2794": "Gothic", + "56de4b074396321400ee2795": "Sicily", + "56de4b5c4396321400ee2799": "early 11th century", + "56de4b5c4396321400ee279a": "the dukes", + "56de4bb84396321400ee27a2": "16th century", + "56de4c324396321400ee27ab": "embroidery", + "56de4c324396321400ee27ac": "Bayeux Tapestry", + "56de4c324396321400ee27ad": "Odo", + "56de51244396321400ee27ef": "mosaics", + "56de51c64396321400ee27f7": "11th", + "56de51c64396321400ee27f8": "William of Volpiano and John of Ravenna", + "56de52614396321400ee27fb": "southern Italy", + "56de52614396321400ee27fc": "Sant'Eufemia", + "56de52614396321400ee27fd": "Robert Guiscard", + "56de52614396321400ee27fe": "singing", + "56e16182e3433e1400422e28": "Computational complexity theory", + "56e16182e3433e1400422e29": "their inherent difficulty", + "56e16182e3433e1400422e2a": "A computational problem", + "56e16839cd28a01900c67887": "significant resources", + "56e16839cd28a01900c67888": "mathematical models of computation", + "56e16839cd28a01900c67889": "time and storage", + "56e16839cd28a01900c6788a": "number of gates", + "56e16839cd28a01900c6788b": "determine the practical limits on what computers can and cannot do.", + "56e17644e3433e1400422f40": "analysis of algorithms and computability theory", + "56e17644e3433e1400422f41": "computational complexity theory", + "56e17644e3433e1400422f42": "computational complexity theory", + "56e17644e3433e1400422f43": "theoretical", + "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a1": "problem instance", + "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a2": "a problem", + "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a3": "concrete", + "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a4": "output", + "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a5": "the solution", + "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f7f": "2000", + "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f80": "asking for a round trip through all sites in Milan", + "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f81": "computational problems and not particular problem instances", + "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa0": "bitstrings", + "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa1": "binary alphabet", + "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa2": "bitstrings", + "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa3": "binary notation", + "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa4": "via their adjacency matrices, or by encoding their adjacency lists in binary", + "56e190bce3433e1400422fc8": "Decision problems", + "56e190bce3433e1400422fc9": "1 or 0", + "56e190bce3433e1400422fca": "1 or 0", + "56e190bce3433e1400422fcb": "yes", + "56e190bce3433e1400422fcc": "yes", + "56e19557e3433e1400422fee": "arbitrary", + "56e19557e3433e1400422ff0": "formal language", + "56e19557e3433e1400422ff1": "how graphs are encoded as binary strings", + "56e19724cd28a01900c679f6": "computational problem", + "56e19724cd28a01900c679f7": "single", + "56e19724cd28a01900c679f8": "A function problem", + "56e19724cd28a01900c679f9": "integer factorization problem", + "56e19724cd28a01900c679fa": "complex", + "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2e": "decision problems", + "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2f": "triples", + "56e1a38de3433e140042305c": "the size of the input in bits", + "56e1a38de3433e140042305d": "the instance", + "56e1a38de3433e140042305e": "as a function of the size of the instance", + "56e1a38de3433e140042305f": "bits", + "56e1a38de3433e1400423060": "input size", + "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a48": "Cobham", + "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a49": "the time taken", + "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4a": "T(n)", + "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4b": "as a function of n", + "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4c": "a polynomial time algorithm", + "56e1aba0e3433e1400423094": "A Turing machine", + "56e1aba0e3433e1400423095": "an algorithm", + "56e1aba0e3433e1400423097": "the Turing machine", + "56e1aba0e3433e1400423098": "symbols", + "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a68": "deterministic Turing machine", + "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a69": "fixed set of rules", + "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6a": "probabilistic", + "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6b": "non-deterministic", + "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6c": "randomized algorithms", + "56e1b00ce3433e140042309e": "complexity classes", + "56e1b00ce3433e140042309f": "resources (such as time or space) are bounded", + "56e1b00ce3433e14004230a1": "deterministic Turing machines, probabilistic Turing machines", + "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a72": "random access machines", + "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a73": "computational power", + "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a74": "time and memory", + "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a75": "the machines operate deterministically", + "56e1b355e3433e14004230b0": "non-deterministic", + "56e1b355e3433e14004230b1": "more unusual resources", + "56e1b355e3433e14004230b2": "mathematical models", + "56e1b355e3433e14004230b3": "non-deterministic time", + "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa3": "the total number of state transitions", + "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa4": "their difficulty", + "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa5": "DTIME(f(n))", + "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa6": "time and space", + "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abc": "complexity", + "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abd": "computational", + "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abe": "Blum complexity axioms", + "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abf": "complexity measures", + "56e1b754cd28a01900c67ac0": "complexity", + "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e6": "best, worst and average", + "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e7": "time complexity", + "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e8": "time complexity", + "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e9": "time complexity", + "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae0": "quicksort", + "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae1": "worst-case", + "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae2": "O(n2)", + "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423104": "the most efficient algorithm solving a given problem", + "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423105": "analysis of algorithms", + "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423106": "lower bounds", + "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423107": "running time", + "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423108": "all possible algorithms", + "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afc": "big O notation", + "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afd": "constant factors and smaller terms", + "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afe": "O(n2)", + "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67aff": "computational model", + "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2c": "complexity classes", + "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2d": "framework", + "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2e": "complicated definitions", + "56e1c2eee3433e1400423134": "the chosen machine model", + "56e1c2eee3433e1400423135": "linear", + "56e1c2eee3433e1400423136": "single-tape", + "56e1c2eee3433e1400423137": "Cobham-Edmonds", + "56e1c2eee3433e1400423138": "P", + "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423148": "time or space", + "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423149": "bounding", + "56e1c3e1e3433e140042314a": "important complexity classes", + "56e1c4fce3433e140042314e": "BPP, ZPP and RP", + "56e1c4fce3433e140042314f": "Boolean", + "56e1c4fce3433e1400423150": "quantum", + "56e1c4fce3433e1400423151": "#P", + "56e1c4fce3433e1400423152": "Interactive", + "56e1c720e3433e140042316a": "computation time", + "56e1c720e3433e140042316b": "inclusion is strict", + "56e1c720e3433e140042316c": "time and space hierarchy theorems", + "56e1c720e3433e140042316d": "a proper hierarchy", + "56e1c720e3433e140042316e": "quantitative", + "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b74": "The time and space hierarchy theorems", + "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b75": "EXPTIME", + "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b76": "PSPACE", + "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423192": "a reduction", + "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423193": "another problem", + "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423194": "no more difficult", + "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423195": "Cook reductions, Karp reductions and Levin reductions", + "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423196": "complexity of reductions", + "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bac": "polynomial-time reduction", + "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bad": "an algorithm for multiplying two integers", + "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bae": "polynomial time", + "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67baf": "both inputs", + "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bb0": "multiplication", + "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a4": "the type of reduction being used", + "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a5": "every problem in C can be reduced to X", + "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a6": "solve any problem in C", + "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a8": "NP-hard problems", + "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cb": "NP-complete", + "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cc": "P", + "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cd": "there is no known polynomial-time solution for \u03a01", + "56e1d9fee3433e14004231ce": "NP", + "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bca": "P", + "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcb": "Cobham\u2013Edmonds thesis", + "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcc": "NP", + "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcd": "Boolean satisfiability problem, the Hamiltonian path problem and the vertex cover problem", + "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bce": "deterministic Turing machines", + "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d5": "more efficient solutions", + "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d6": "protein structure prediction", + "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d8": "US$1,000,000", + "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd4": "Ladner", + "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd5": "NP-intermediate problems", + "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd6": "The graph isomorphism problem, the discrete logarithm problem and the integer factorization problem", + "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fc": "graph isomorphism problem", + "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fd": "NP-complete", + "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fe": "polynomial time hierarchy collapses to its second level", + "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231ff": "second", + "56e1e9dfe3433e1400423200": "Laszlo Babai and Eugene Luks", + "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0a": "integer factorization problem", + "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0b": "k", + "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0c": "RSA algorithm", + "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0e": "general number field sieve", + "56e1ee4de3433e1400423210": "unequal", + "56e1ee4de3433e1400423211": "P = PSPACE", + "56e1ee4de3433e1400423212": "between P and PSPACE", + "56e1ee4de3433e1400423214": "Proving that any of these classes are unequal", + "56e1efa0e3433e140042321a": "co-NP", + "56e1efa0e3433e140042321b": "reversed", + "56e1efa0e3433e140042321c": "It is believed that NP is not equal to co-NP", + "56e1efa0e3433e140042321d": "P is not equal to NP", + "56e1f10ee3433e1400423222": "L", + "56e1f10ee3433e1400423223": "strictly contained in P or equal to P", + "56e1f10ee3433e1400423224": "complexity classes", + "56e1f10ee3433e1400423225": "NL and NC", + "56e1f10ee3433e1400423226": "if they are distinct or equal classes", + "56e1fc57e3433e140042322c": "intractable problems", + "56e1fc57e3433e140042322f": "polynomial time", + "56e1fc57e3433e1400423230": "NP-complete", + "56e1febfe3433e1400423236": "Presburger", + "56e1febfe3433e1400423237": "algorithms", + "56e1febfe3433e1400423238": "NP-complete knapsack problem", + "56e1febfe3433e1400423239": "less than quadratic time", + "56e1febfe3433e140042323a": "NP-complete Boolean satisfiability problem", + "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c14": "definition of Turing machines", + "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c15": "Alan Turing", + "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c16": "Turing machines", + "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c17": "1936", + "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c18": "a computer", + "56e202e9e3433e1400423240": "\"On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms", + "56e202e9e3433e1400423241": "Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns", + "56e202e9e3433e1400423242": "1965", + "56e202e9e3433e1400423243": "time and space complexity", + "56e202e9e3433e1400423244": "1965", + "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1e": "John Myhill", + "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1f": "1961", + "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c20": "Hisao Yamada", + "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c24": "input encoding", + "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c25": "input encoding, one tries to keep the discussion abstract enough to be independent of the choice of encoding", + "56e20a3ae3433e140042324a": "Manuel Blum", + "56e20a3ae3433e140042324b": "speed-up theorem", + "56e20a3ae3433e140042324d": "\"Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems", + "56e20a3ae3433e140042324e": "21", + "5705e26d75f01819005e76d4": "SoCal", + "5705e26d75f01819005e76d5": "10", + "5705e26d75f01819005e76d6": "economic center", + "5705e26d75f01819005e76d7": "demographics and economic", + "5705e26d75f01819005e76d8": "historical political divisions", + "5705e33f52bb89140068964c": "greater Southern California Megaregion", + "5705e33f52bb89140068964d": "11", + "5705e33f52bb89140068964e": "Las Vegas, Nevada", + "5705e33f52bb89140068964f": "Mexican", + "5705e33f52bb891400689650": "Tijuana", + "5705e3f252bb89140068966a": "Pacific coast", + "5705e3f252bb89140068966b": "seven", + "5705e3f252bb89140068966c": "12 million", + "5705e3f252bb89140068966d": "Los Angeles area with over 12 million inhabitants, the Riverside-San Bernardino area with over four million inhabitants, and the San Diego area", + "5705e3f252bb89140068966e": "17.5 million", + "5705e4fe75f01819005e7704": "Colorado River", + "5705e4fe75f01819005e7705": "Colorado Desert", + "5705e4fe75f01819005e7706": "Mojave Desert", + "5705e4fe75f01819005e7707": "Mexico\u2013United States border", + "5705e63175f01819005e7720": "southern California", + "5705e63175f01819005e7721": "3,792,621", + "5705e63175f01819005e7722": "Los Angeles", + "5705e63175f01819005e7723": "San Diego", + "5705e63175f01819005e7724": "south", + "5705e99452bb891400689688": "Los Angeles", + "5705e99452bb891400689689": "United States", + "5705e99452bb89140068968a": "Its counties of Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, and Riverside are the five most populous in the state", + "5705e99452bb89140068968b": "top 15", + "5705e99452bb89140068968c": "Los Angeles", + "5705eb3375f01819005e7764": "Hollywood", + "5705eb3375f01819005e7765": "Los Angeles", + "5705eb3375f01819005e7766": "Walt Disney Company", + "5705eb3375f01819005e7767": "music", + "5705eb3375f01819005e7768": "Sony", + "5705ec1675f01819005e776e": "skateboard", + "5705ec1675f01819005e776f": "Tony Hawk", + "5705ec1675f01819005e7770": "Shaun White", + "5705ec1675f01819005e7771": "Oahu", + "5705ec1675f01819005e7772": "Transpac", + "5705eccb52bb8914006896b8": "Palm Springs", + "5705eccb52bb8914006896b9": "beaches", + "5705eccb52bb8914006896ba": "southern", + "5705eccb52bb8914006896bb": "nearby open spaces", + "5705edcd52bb8914006896ca": "37\u00b0 9' 58.23\"", + "5705edcd52bb8914006896cb": "11", + "5705edcd52bb8914006896cc": "ten", + "5705edcd52bb8914006896cd": "Tehachapi Mountains", + "5705edcd52bb8914006896ce": "northern", + "5705eee952bb8914006896de": "Mexico", + "5705eee952bb8914006896df": "Alta California", + "5705eee952bb8914006896e0": "Californios of Monterey", + "5705eee952bb8914006896e1": "Missouri Compromise", + "5705eee952bb8914006896e2": "free", + "5705f09e75f01819005e77a4": "inequitable taxes", + "5705f09e75f01819005e77a5": "Cow Counties", + "5705f09e75f01819005e77a6": "three", + "5705f09e75f01819005e77a7": "75%", + "5705f09e75f01819005e77a8": "Milton Latham", + "5705f13d52bb8914006896f0": "Los Angeles Times", + "5705f13d52bb8914006896f1": "1900", + "5705f13d52bb8914006896f2": "1999", + "5705f13d52bb8914006896f3": "Imperial", + "5705f13d52bb8914006896f4": "seven", + "5705f36452bb891400689718": "regional tourism groups", + "5705f36452bb891400689719": "California State Automobile Association", + "5705f36452bb89140068971a": "three-region", + "5705f36452bb89140068971b": "Tehachapis", + "5705f36452bb89140068971c": "southern California region", + "5705f7c875f01819005e77dc": "third", + "5705f7c875f01819005e77dd": "vast areas", + "5705f7c875f01819005e77de": "suburban", + "5705f7c875f01819005e77df": "highways", + "5705f7c875f01819005e77e0": "international metropolitan region", + "5705fb7f52bb891400689750": "Camp Pendleton", + "5705fb7f52bb891400689751": "Inland Empire", + "5705fb7f52bb891400689752": "United States Census Bureau", + "5705fb7f52bb891400689753": "Orange", + "5705fb7f52bb891400689754": "1990s", + "5705fc3a52bb89140068976a": "Mediterranean", + "5705fc3a52bb89140068976b": "infrequent rain", + "5705fc3a52bb89140068976c": "90-60's", + "5705fc3a52bb89140068976d": "very rare", + "5705fc3a52bb89140068976e": "70-50's", + "5705fd8475f01819005e7840": "geologic, topographic, and natural ecosystem", + "5705fd8475f01819005e7841": "Pacific Ocean", + "5705fd8475f01819005e7842": "topographic", + "5705fd8475f01819005e7843": "Peninsular", + "5705fd8475f01819005e7844": "interior valleys", + "5705fec152bb89140068977a": "10,000", + "5705fec152bb89140068977b": "10,000", + "5705fec152bb89140068977c": "6.7", + "5705fec152bb89140068977d": "property damage", + "5705fec152bb89140068977e": "over $20 billion", + "5705ffde52bb891400689784": "San Andreas Fault", + "5705ffde52bb891400689785": "6.7+", + "5705ffde52bb891400689786": "Puente Hills Fault", + "5705ffde52bb891400689787": "The USGS", + "5705ffde52bb891400689788": "occurrence", + "570602fa52bb89140068979e": "economically", + "570602fa52bb89140068979f": "global", + "570602fa52bb8914006897a0": "economic", + "570603c475f01819005e7882": "2010", + "570603c475f01819005e7883": "high growth rates", + "570603c475f01819005e7884": "10.0%", + "570603c475f01819005e7885": "tech-oriented", + "570603c475f01819005e7886": "Greater Sacramento", + "5706074552bb8914006897d4": "Metropolitan Statistical Areas", + "5706074552bb8914006897d5": "two", + "5706074552bb8914006897d6": "five million", + "5706074552bb8914006897d7": "Southern Border Region", + "5706074552bb8914006897d8": "17,786,419", + "570607f575f01819005e78b4": "Los Angeles (at 3.7 million people) and San Diego", + "570607f575f01819005e78b5": "1.3 million", + "570607f575f01819005e78b6": "twelve", + "570607f575f01819005e78b7": "100,000", + "570607f575f01819005e78b8": "Riverside", + "5706094b52bb8914006897de": "petroleum", + "5706094b52bb8914006897df": "Hollywood", + "5706094b52bb8914006897e0": "housing bubble", + "5706094b52bb8914006897e1": "diverse", + "5706094b52bb8914006897e2": "heavily impacted", + "57060a1175f01819005e78d2": "1920s", + "57060a1175f01819005e78d3": "richest", + "57060a1175f01819005e78d4": "cattle and citrus", + "57060a1175f01819005e78d5": "citrus", + "57060a1175f01819005e78d6": "aerospace", + "57060a6e52bb8914006897f8": "major business districts", + "57060a6e52bb8914006897f9": "Central business districts", + "57060a6e52bb8914006897fa": "Downtown Los Angeles", + "57060cc352bb89140068980e": "business", + "57060cc352bb89140068980f": "Los Angeles", + "57060cc352bb891400689810": "San Fernando Valley", + "57060cc352bb891400689811": "Los Angeles Area are the major business districts of Downtown Burbank, Downtown Santa Monica, Downtown Glendale and Downtown Long Beach. Los Angeles", + "57060df252bb891400689820": "business", + "57060df252bb891400689821": "Downtown Riverside", + "57060df252bb891400689822": "Hospitality Business/Financial Centre", + "57060eaf75f01819005e7910": "Orange County", + "57060eaf75f01819005e7911": "University of California, Irvine", + "57060eaf75f01819005e7912": "West Irvine", + "57060eaf75f01819005e7913": "South Coast Metro", + "57060eaf75f01819005e7914": "rapidly", + "57060f3e75f01819005e7922": "Downtown San Diego", + "57060f3e75f01819005e7923": "Northern San Diego and some within North County regions", + "57060f3e75f01819005e7924": "North County", + "57060f3e75f01819005e7925": "San Diego", + "570610b275f01819005e792a": "Los Angeles International Airport", + "570610b275f01819005e792b": "passenger volume", + "570610b275f01819005e792c": "third", + "570610b275f01819005e792d": "San Diego International Airport", + "570610b275f01819005e792e": "Van Nuys Airport", + "5706111a52bb89140068984c": "Metrolink", + "5706111a52bb89140068984d": "seven", + "5706111a52bb89140068984e": "Six", + "5706111a52bb89140068984f": "Orange", + "570611c475f01819005e793c": "Port of Los Angeles", + "570611c475f01819005e793d": "Port of Long Beach", + "570611c475f01819005e793e": "Southern", + "5706139252bb891400689864": "The Tech Coast", + "5706139252bb891400689865": "research universities", + "5706139252bb891400689866": "private", + "5706139252bb891400689867": "5", + "5706139252bb891400689868": "12", + "5706143575f01819005e7950": "Professional", + "5706143575f01819005e7951": "NBA", + "5706143575f01819005e7952": "MLB", + "5706143575f01819005e7953": "Los Angeles Kings", + "5706143575f01819005e7954": "LA Galaxy", + "5706149552bb891400689880": "Chivas USA", + "5706149552bb891400689881": "two", + "5706149552bb891400689882": "2014", + "5706149552bb891400689883": "StubHub Center", + "5706149552bb891400689884": "2018", + "570614ff52bb89140068988a": "College", + "570614ff52bb89140068988b": "UCLA", + "570614ff52bb89140068988c": "USC Trojans", + "570614ff52bb89140068988d": "Pac-12", + "570614ff52bb89140068988e": "Pac-12 Conference", + "5706155352bb891400689894": "Rugby", + "5706155352bb891400689895": "high school", + "5706155352bb891400689896": "official school sport", + "57092322efce8f15003a7db0": "BSkyB", + "57092322efce8f15003a7db1": "BSkyB", + "57092322efce8f15003a7db2": "2014", + "57092322efce8f15003a7db3": "British Sky Broadcasting Group plc", + "57092322efce8f15003a7db4": "Sky UK Limited", + "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc4": "2006", + "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc5": "two", + "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc6": "Sky", + "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc7": "\u00a31.3bn", + "57094b4f9928a814004714f6": "ONdigital", + "57094b4f9928a814004714f7": "ITV Digital's free-to-air replacement, Freeview", + "57094b4f9928a814004714f8": "three", + "57094b4f9928a814004714f9": "Sky Three", + "57094b4f9928a814004714fa": "Pick TV", + "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd6": "Sky+ PVR", + "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd7": "September 2007", + "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd8": "a monthly fee", + "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd9": "January 2010", + "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dda": "Multiroom upgrade only and started to issue the Sky+HD Box", + "57094d489928a8140047150a": "VideoGuard pay-TV", + "57094d489928a8140047150b": "NDS", + "57094d489928a8140047150c": "Cisco", + "57094d489928a8140047150d": "BSkyB", + "57094d489928a8140047150e": "Sky+", + "570953a7efce8f15003a7dfe": "2007", + "570953a7efce8f15003a7dff": "basic channels", + "570953a7efce8f15003a7e00": "substantially increased the asking price for the channels", + "570953a7efce8f15003a7e01": "Video On Demand content which was not previously carried by cable", + "570953a7efce8f15003a7e02": "HD channels", + "570960cf200fba1400367f01": "July 2013", + "570960cf200fba1400367f02": "2013", + "570960cf200fba1400367f03": "OneDrive", + "570960cf200fba1400367f04": "OneDrive for Business", + "570960cf200fba1400367f05": "cloud storage", + "570961aa200fba1400367f15": "Sam Chisholm and Rupert Murdoch", + "570961aa200fba1400367f16": "Astra", + "570961aa200fba1400367f17": "27 September 2001", + "570961aa200fba1400367f18": "Sky Digital", + "570961aa200fba1400367f19": "3.5 million", + "570963a5200fba1400367f33": "British Sky Broadcasting or BSkyB", + "570963a5200fba1400367f34": "telecommunications", + "570963a5200fba1400367f35": "11 million", + "570963a5200fba1400367f36": "Freeview", + "57096505ed30961900e84082": "Sky Q Hub", + "57096505ed30961900e84083": "Sky Q Silver set top boxes", + "57096505ed30961900e84084": "share recordings and other media", + "57096505ed30961900e84085": "later in 2016", + "57096505ed30961900e84086": "2016", + "570966e0200fba1400367f4f": "DVB-compliant MPEG-2", + "570966e0200fba1400367f50": "Dolby Digital", + "570966e0200fba1400367f51": "MPEG-4", + "570966e0200fba1400367f52": "OpenTV", + "570966e0200fba1400367f53": "DVB-S2", + "570967c4ed30961900e840ba": "1998", + "570967c4ed30961900e840bb": "Astra 2A", + "570967c4ed30961900e840bc": "Eurobird 1", + "570967c4ed30961900e840bd": "hundreds", + "570967c4ed30961900e840be": "28.5\u00b0E", + "5709686c200fba1400367f77": "22 May 2006", + "5709686c200fba1400367f78": "40,000", + "5709686c200fba1400367f79": "Thomson", + "5709686c200fba1400367f7a": "17,000", + "5709686c200fba1400367f7b": "4,222,000", + "57096b66200fba1400367fa7": "8 February 2007", + "57096b66200fba1400367fa8": "March", + "57096b66200fba1400367fa9": "digital terrestrial platform", + "57096b66200fba1400367faa": "Virgin Media", + "57096b66200fba1400367fab": "English Premier League Football", + "57096c95200fba1400367fbb": "free-to-view", + "57096c95200fba1400367fbc": "a monthly subscription", + "57096c95200fba1400367fbd": "VideoGuard UK", + "57096c95200fba1400367fbe": "LNB", + "57096c95200fba1400367fbf": "Sky", + "57096e1ced30961900e84102": "autumn of 1991", + "57096e1ced30961900e84103": "ITV", + "57096e1ced30961900e84104": "\u00a334m", + "57096e1ced30961900e84105": "The BBC", + "57096e1ced30961900e84106": "\u00a3304m", + "57096f37200fba1400367fe5": "Ofcom", + "57096f37200fba1400367fe6": "\u00a315\u2013100,000", + "57096f37200fba1400367fe7": "BSkyB has no", + "57096f37200fba1400367fe8": "BSkyB does not", + "57096f37200fba1400367fe9": "does not", + "57097051ed30961900e84132": "1 October 1998", + "57097051ed30961900e84133": "Sky Digital", + "57097051ed30961900e84134": "Sky Active", + "57097051ed30961900e84135": "ONdigital (later ITV Digital) terrestrial offering and cable services", + "57097051ed30961900e84136": "over 100,000", + "57097141200fba1400367ff9": "2007", + "57097141200fba1400367ffa": "Virgin Media", + "57097141200fba1400367ffb": "Video On Demand service", + "57097141200fba1400367ffc": "BBC HD", + "57097141200fba1400367ffd": "Channel 4 HD", + "57097b50200fba140036804d": "10 million", + "57097b50200fba140036804e": "more than 25m", + "57097b50200fba140036804f": "August 2004", + "57097b50200fba1400368050": "36%", + "57097b50200fba1400368051": "flattened", + "57097c8fed30961900e841f2": "a \"Welfare Cash Card", + "57097c8fed30961900e841f3": "essentials", + "57097c8fed30961900e841f4": "often damaging", + "57097c8fed30961900e841f5": "Sky TV bills", + "57097c8fed30961900e841f6": "betray a man's presence in the household", + "57097d63ed30961900e841fc": "\u00a330m", + "57097d63ed30961900e841fd": "no indication", + "57097d63ed30961900e841fe": "Virgin Media", + "57097d63ed30961900e841ff": "BSkyB", + "57097d63ed30961900e84200": "the carriage of their respective basic channels", + "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3d": "highly diversified", + "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3e": "second", + "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3f": "fourth", + "570d2417fed7b91900d45c40": "Melbourne", + "570d2417fed7b91900d45c41": "Melbourne Cricket Ground", + "570d2556fed7b91900d45c47": "Bendigo", + "570d2556fed7b91900d45c48": "New South Wales", + "570d2556fed7b91900d45c49": "Buckland Valley", + "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4a": "over 1,000", + "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4b": "cramped and unsanitary", + "570d26efb3d812140066d48f": "multi-member proportional representation system", + "570d26efb3d812140066d490": "eight", + "570d26efb3d812140066d491": "five", + "570d26efb3d812140066d492": "four years", + "570d26efb3d812140066d493": "every four years", + "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a3": "Labor", + "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a4": "The Liberals", + "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a5": "The Nationals", + "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a6": "Liberals", + "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a7": "Labor", + "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bd": "61.1%", + "570d29c2b3d812140066d4be": "26.7%", + "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bf": "Buddhism", + "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c0": "168,637", + "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c1": "Around 20%", + "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c93": "south-east", + "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c94": "most", + "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c95": "second", + "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c96": "Melbourne", + "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c97": "second-largest", + "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca7": "Koori", + "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca8": "1788", + "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca9": "Sullivan Bay", + "570d2c20fed7b91900d45caa": "Sullivan Bay", + "570d2c20fed7b91900d45cab": "1803", + "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbb": "More than 26,000 square kilometres", + "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbc": "50%", + "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbd": "6,000 square kilometres", + "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbe": "90%", + "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbf": "270,000", + "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45ccf": "1975", + "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd0": "1855 colonial constitution", + "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd1": "Parliament of Victoria", + "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd2": "an absolute majority in both houses, a three-fifths majority in both houses, or the approval of the Victorian people in a referendum", + "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd3": "1855 colonial constitution", + "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce3": "warmest", + "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce4": "32 \u00b0C (90 \u00b0F)", + "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce5": "48.8 \u00b0C", + "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce6": "48.8 \u00b0C", + "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce7": "7 February 2009", + "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d01": "funded and run directly by the Victoria Department of Education", + "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d02": "Victoria Department of Education", + "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d03": "some extra costs are levied", + "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d04": "Roman Catholic Church", + "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d05": "curriculum standards", + "570d3468b3d812140066d543": "car brands Ford, Toyota and Holden", + "570d3468b3d812140066d544": "February 2014", + "570d3468b3d812140066d545": "May 2013", + "570d3468b3d812140066d546": "October 2016", + "570d3468b3d812140066d547": "Ford", + "570d35b7b3d812140066d54d": "2,000 m", + "570d35b7b3d812140066d54e": "Mount Bogong", + "570d35b7b3d812140066d54f": "1,986 m", + "570d35b7b3d812140066d550": "river systems", + "570d35b7b3d812140066d551": "helmeted honeyeater", + "570d391fb3d812140066d575": "Victorian Alps in the northeast", + "570d391fb3d812140066d576": "Great Dividing Range", + "570d391fb3d812140066d577": "east-west", + "570d391fb3d812140066d578": "below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F)", + "570d391fb3d812140066d579": "\u221211.7 \u00b0C", + "570d4030fed7b91900d45d9f": "government", + "570d4030fed7b91900d45da0": "Metro Trains Melbourne", + "570d4030fed7b91900d45da1": "Victorian Government", + "570d4030fed7b91900d45da2": "CFCL Australia", + "570d4030fed7b91900d45da3": "extensive, electrified, passenger system", + "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbd": "37", + "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbe": "12", + "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbf": "Legislative Assembly", + "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc0": "Legislative Council", + "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc1": "Linda Dessau", + "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd7": "1 July 1851", + "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd8": "1851", + "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd9": "one of the largest gold rushes the world has ever seen", + "570d4329fed7b91900d45dda": "sevenfold", + "570d4329fed7b91900d45ddb": "20 million ounces", + "570d44abb3d812140066d5fd": "1,548", + "570d44abb3d812140066d5fe": "489", + "570d44abb3d812140066d5ff": "Just under 540,800", + "570d44abb3d812140066d600": "63,519", + "570d44abb3d812140066d601": "61", + "570d4606b3d812140066d619": "Victoria", + "570d4606b3d812140066d61a": "3 million", + "570d4606b3d812140066d61b": "60%", + "570d4606b3d812140066d61c": "two-thirds", + "570d4606b3d812140066d61d": "Asia", + "570d47b8b3d812140066d62d": "1,600 mm", + "570d47b8b3d812140066d62e": "1,435 mm", + "570d47b8b3d812140066d62f": "760 mm", + "570d47b8b3d812140066d630": "mountainous areas", + "570d47b8b3d812140066d631": "five", + "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e13": "1788", + "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e14": "New South Wales", + "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e15": "New Holland", + "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e16": "Sydney", + "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e31": "1854", + "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e32": "Eureka Stockade", + "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e33": "British troops", + "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e34": "mining licence fees", + "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e35": "Colony of Victoria Act 1855", + "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66d": "political party or coalition", + "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66e": "The Premier of Victoria", + "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66f": "representatives elected to either house of parliament", + "570d4e6cb3d812140066d670": "Daniel Andrews", + "570d4e6cb3d812140066d671": "either house of parliament", + "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7d": "17%", + "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7e": "17%", + "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7f": "32,463", + "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e80": "136,000 square kilometres", + "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e81": "60%", + "570d529fb3d812140066d6bb": "tourism", + "570d529fb3d812140066d6bc": "sports tourism", + "570d529fb3d812140066d6bd": "Melbourne", + "570d529fb3d812140066d6be": "regional cities", + "570d529fb3d812140066d6bf": "SurfClassic", + "57105da9a58dae1900cd699e": "southern and central parts of France", + "57105da9a58dae1900cd699f": "one-eighth", + "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a0": "1562 to 1598", + "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a1": "Edict of Nantes", + "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a2": "granted the Huguenots substantial religious, political and military autonomy", + "57106185b654c5140001f8db": "derision", + "57106185b654c5140001f8dc": "Besan\u00e7on Hugues", + "57106185b654c5140001f8dd": "Geneva", + "57106185b654c5140001f8de": "Amboise", + "57106185b654c5140001f8df": "1560", + "57106644b654c5140001f8e5": "The availability of the Bible in vernacular languages", + "57106644b654c5140001f8e6": "1294", + "57106644b654c5140001f8e7": "Guyard de Moulin", + "57106644b654c5140001f8e8": "1487", + "57106644b654c5140001f8e9": "Paris", + "57106d2fb654c5140001f8ef": "villes de s\u00fbret\u00e9", + "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f0": "Montpellier", + "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f1": "1622", + "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f2": "Edict of Al\u00e8s", + "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f3": "1598", + "571077ecb654c5140001f909": "Cape of Good Hope", + "571077ecb654c5140001f90a": "Cape Town", + "571077ecb654c5140001f90b": "Maria de la Queillerie", + "571077ecb654c5140001f90c": "Dutch East India Company", + "571077ecb654c5140001f90d": "1700", + "57107932a58dae1900cd69ca": "1624", + "57107932a58dae1900cd69cb": "Jess\u00e9 de Forest", + "57107932a58dae1900cd69cc": "L'\u00c9glise fran\u00e7aise \u00e0 la Nouvelle-Amsterdam", + "57107932a58dae1900cd69cd": "L'Eglise du Saint-Esprit", + "57107932a58dae1900cd69ce": "Brooklyn", + "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69de": "Charleston", + "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69df": "Charleston", + "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e0": "1697", + "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e1": "British Landgrave Edmund Bellinger", + "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e2": "Pons", + "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e8": "William III of Orange", + "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e9": "King of England", + "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ea": "League of Augsburg", + "57107c24a58dae1900cd69eb": "Dutch Republic", + "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ec": "1672", + "57107d73b654c5140001f91d": "Edict of Fontainebleau", + "57107d73b654c5140001f91e": "1685", + "57107d73b654c5140001f91f": "Huguenots", + "57107d73b654c5140001f920": "500,000", + "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f2": "The Catholic Church in France", + "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f3": "St. Bartholomew's Day massacre", + "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f4": "5,000 to 30,000", + "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f5": "the Huguenots had their own militia", + "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f6": "political reasons for this as well, as some of the Huguenots were nobles trying to establish separate centers of power in southern France", + "57108073b654c5140001f925": "Huguenot rebellions", + "57108073b654c5140001f926": "southwestern France", + "57108073b654c5140001f927": "between 1621 and 1629", + "57108073b654c5140001f928": "Louis XIII", + "57108073b654c5140001f929": "Louis XIII", + "57108198b654c5140001f937": "one million", + "57108198b654c5140001f938": "2%", + "57108198b654c5140001f939": "Alsace", + "57108198b654c5140001f93a": "C\u00e9vennes mountain region", + "57108198b654c5140001f93b": "French Australians", + "57108c95b654c5140001f979": "New Rochelle", + "57108c95b654c5140001f97a": "New Paltz", + "57108c95b654c5140001f97b": "Huguenot Street Historic District", + "57108c95b654c5140001f97c": "the oldest street in the United States of America", + "57108c95b654c5140001f97d": "Staten Island", + "57108d69b654c5140001f983": "the Dutch Republic", + "57108d69b654c5140001f984": "75,000 to 100,000", + "57108d69b654c5140001f985": "ca. 2 million", + "57108d69b654c5140001f986": "Amsterdam and the area of West Frisia", + "57108d69b654c5140001f987": "Edict of Nantes", + "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1a": "Huguon", + "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1b": "Huguon", + "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1c": "le roi Huguet", + "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1d": "pr\u00e9tendus r\u00e9form\u00e9s", + "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1e": "night", + "571090abb654c5140001f995": "Canterbury", + "571090abb654c5140001f996": "The Weavers", + "571090abb654c5140001f997": "weavers", + "571090abb654c5140001f998": "Sandwich, Faversham and Maidstone", + "571090abb654c5140001f999": "a restaurant", + "57109180a58dae1900cd6a40": "Dublin, Cork, Youghal and Waterford", + "57109180a58dae1900cd6a41": "Cork City", + "57109180a58dae1900cd6a42": "Dublin", + "57109180a58dae1900cd6a43": "a High Sheriff and one of the founders of the Bank of Ireland", + "57109180a58dae1900cd6a44": "1696", + "57109275b654c5140001f99f": "brain drain", + "57109275b654c5140001f9a0": "British colonies", + "57109275b654c5140001f9a1": "non-Catholics", + "57109275b654c5140001f9a2": "Seven Years' War", + "57109275b654c5140001f9a3": "1759-60", + "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5c": "Henry of Navarre", + "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5d": "1598", + "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5e": "granted the Protestants equality with Catholics under the throne and a degree of religious and political freedom within their domains", + "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5f": "the founding of new Protestant churches", + "571093aba58dae1900cd6a60": "Protestantism in favour of Roman Catholicism", + "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a66": "education", + "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a67": "forbade Protestant services, required education of children as Catholics, and prohibited emigration", + "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a68": "Four thousand", + "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a69": "new converts", + "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a6a": "New York and Virginia", + "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a76": "Switzerland and the Netherlands", + "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a77": "1555", + "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a78": "France Antarctique", + "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a79": "1560", + "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a7a": "Guanabara Confession of Faith", + "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a86": "Afrikaans", + "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a87": "wine", + "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a88": "Western Cape province", + "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a89": "surnames", + "571097baa58dae1900cd6a98": "Jack Jouett", + "571097baa58dae1900cd6a99": "Henry Laurens", + "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9a": "Charleston", + "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9b": "Manakin Episcopal Church", + "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9c": "Texas", + "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab2": "British lace", + "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab3": "Bucks Point", + "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab4": "twenty-five widows who settled in Dover", + "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab5": "first half of the eighteenth century", + "571099b2b654c5140001f9b3": "Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt", + "571099b2b654c5140001f9b4": "one-fifth", + "571099b2b654c5140001f9b5": "protest against the occupation of Prussia by Napoleon in 1806-07", + "571099b2b654c5140001f9b6": "1806-07", + "571099b2b654c5140001f9b7": "Fredericia (Denmark), Berlin, Stockholm, Hamburg, Frankfurt, Helsinki, and Emden", + "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b26": "Prussia", + "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b27": "C\u00e9vennes region in the south", + "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b28": "Camisards", + "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b29": "Catholic Church", + "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b2a": "1702 and 1709", + "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b30": "Jacksonville", + "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b31": "Jean Ribault", + "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b32": "Fort Caroline", + "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b33": "French", + "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b34": "1564", + "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa17": "Charlesfort", + "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa18": "Southeastern U.S.", + "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa19": "Pedro Men\u00e9ndez de Avil\u00e9s", + "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1a": "1562", + "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1b": "The Wars of Religion", + "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3a": "Virginia", + "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3b": "Lower Norfolk County", + "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3c": "Manakin Town", + "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3d": "390", + "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3e": "1700", + "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2b": "1568\u20131609", + "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2c": "Spain", + "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2d": "Apologie", + "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2e": "William the Silent", + "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2f": "Calvinist", + "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b60": "Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act", + "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b61": "1708", + "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b62": "50,000", + "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b63": "Andrew Lortie", + "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b64": "transubstantiation", + "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b72": "Williamite war", + "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b73": "William of Orange", + "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b74": "Dublin, Cork, Portarlington, Lisburn, Waterford and Youghal", + "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b75": "flax cultivation", + "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b76": "Irish linen", + "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa45": "Count Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbr\u00fccken", + "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa46": "Count Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbr\u00fccken", + "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa47": "glass-making", + "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa48": "1890s", + "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa49": "1604", + "5711119cb654c5140001fae3": "England, Wales, Scotland, Denmark, Sweden, Switzerland, the Dutch Republic, the Electorate of Brandenburg and Electorate of the Palatinate", + "5711119cb654c5140001fae4": "Protestant", + "5711119cb654c5140001fae5": "Dutch Cape Colony", + "5711119cb654c5140001fae6": "Dutch Cape Colony in South Africa, the Dutch East Indies, the Caribbean, and several of the English colonies of North America, and Quebec", + "5711119cb654c5140001fae7": "Protestant", + "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcc": "Hugues Capet", + "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcd": "\"Hugues hypothesis", + "571112ada58dae1900cd6bce": "Janet Gray", + "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcf": "equivalent to little Hugos", + "571112ada58dae1900cd6bd0": "double or triple non-French", + "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd6": "Jacques Lefevre", + "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd7": "University of Paris", + "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd8": "1530", + "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd9": "William Farel", + "57111380a58dae1900cd6bda": "Jean Cauvin", + "57111428b654c5140001faff": "24 August \u2013 3 October 1572", + "57111428b654c5140001fb00": "Catholics", + "57111428b654c5140001fb01": "Nearly 3,000", + "57111428b654c5140001fb02": "1573", + "57111429b654c5140001fb03": "almost 25,000", + "571114cfb654c5140001fb09": "Louis XIV", + "571114cfb654c5140001fb0a": "he imposed penalties, closed Huguenot schools and excluded them from favored professions", + "571114cfb654c5140001fb0b": "sent missionaries", + "571114cfb654c5140001fb0c": "closed", + "571114cfb654c5140001fb0d": "dragonnades", + "5711163bb654c5140001fb13": "Westchester", + "5711163bb654c5140001fb14": "New Rochelle", + "5711163bb654c5140001fb15": "John Pell", + "5711163bb654c5140001fb16": "La Rochelle", + "5711163bb654c5140001fb17": "Trinity-St. Paul's Episcopal Church", + "57111713a58dae1900cd6c00": "married outside their immediate French communities", + "57111713a58dae1900cd6c01": "married outside their immediate French communities", + "57111713a58dae1900cd6c02": "E.I. du Pont", + "57111713a58dae1900cd6c03": "well into the nineteenth century", + "57111713a58dae1900cd6c04": "Eleutherian gunpowder mills", + "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0a": "Pierre Bayle", + "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0b": "Rotterdam", + "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0c": "Historical and Critical Dictionary", + "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0d": "US Library of Congress", + "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0e": "Nicolas", + "57111992b654c5140001fb43": "The French Protestant Church of London", + "57111992b654c5140001fb44": "1550", + "57111992b654c5140001fb45": "Soho Square", + "57111992b654c5140001fb46": "Shoreditch", + "57111992b654c5140001fb47": "1724", + "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3c": "Lutheran and Reformed", + "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3d": "Germany and Scandinavia", + "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3e": "Edict of Potsdam", + "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3f": "Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia", + "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c40": "two new regiments", + "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c50": "Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg", + "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c51": "Theodor Fontane", + "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c52": "Adolf Galland", + "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c53": "Lothar de Maizi\u00e8re", + "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c54": "Minister of the Interior", + "57112686b654c5140001fbd3": "solar power", + "57112686b654c5140001fbd4": "Rankine cycle", + "57112686b654c5140001fbd5": "steam", + "57112686b654c5140001fbd6": "high", + "57112686b654c5140001fbd7": "external combustion engines", + "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb2": "the atmospheric engine", + "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb3": "Thomas Newcomen", + "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb4": "1712", + "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb5": "steam pump", + "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb6": "Papin", + "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc4": "United Kingdom", + "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc5": "21 February 1804", + "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc6": "Abercynon in south Wales", + "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc7": "south Wales", + "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc8": "south", + "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0e": "water pump", + "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0f": "multi-stage centrifugal pumps", + "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d10": "1850s", + "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d11": "steam locomotives", + "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d12": "lower-pressure boiler feed water", + "57113639a58dae1900cd6d18": "three or four", + "57113639a58dae1900cd6d19": "triple and quadruple expansion engines", + "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1a": "19th", + "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1b": "marine triple expansion engines", + "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1c": "Olympic class", + "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d22": "Corliss", + "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d23": "Joy", + "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d24": "lengthening rubbing surfaces of the valve", + "57113ba6b654c5140001fc1f": "Lead fusible plugs", + "57113ba6b654c5140001fc20": "the lead melts and the steam escapes", + "57113ba6b654c5140001fc21": "steam escapes", + "57113ba6b654c5140001fc22": "manually suppress the fire", + "57113ba6b654c5140001fc23": "dampening the fire", + "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d28": "James Watt", + "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d29": "rotary", + "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2a": "ten", + "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2b": "1883", + "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2c": "the Industrial Revolution", + "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d32": "first century AD", + "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d33": "Hero of Alexandria", + "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d34": "Greek", + "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d35": "Giovanni Branca", + "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d36": "1606", + "57113f83b654c5140001fc29": "compound engines", + "57113f83b654c5140001fc2a": "expansions", + "57113f83b654c5140001fc2b": "shipping", + "57113f83b654c5140001fc2c": "coal", + "57113f83b654c5140001fc2d": "internal combustion engines", + "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5a": "steam turbines", + "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5b": "late", + "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5c": "several hundred", + "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5d": "90%", + "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5e": "electric", + "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6e": "electric heating element", + "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6f": "combustion chamber", + "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d70": "solar energy", + "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d71": "electric", + "57114667a58dae1900cd6d80": "steam engine indicator", + "57114667a58dae1900cd6d81": "1851", + "57114667a58dae1900cd6d82": "high speed engine inventor and manufacturer Charles Porter", + "57114667a58dae1900cd6d83": "Charles Richard", + "57114667a58dae1900cd6d84": "London Exhibition", + "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8a": "90\u00b0", + "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8b": "180\u00b0", + "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8c": "90\u00b0", + "5711488ab654c5140001fc3d": "counterflow", + "5711488ab654c5140001fc3e": "two", + "5711488ab654c5140001fc3f": "one", + "5711488ab654c5140001fc40": "four", + "5711488ab654c5140001fc41": "expansion", + "57114aceb654c5140001fc47": "The Quasiturbine", + "57114aceb654c5140001fc48": "counterflow cycle", + "57114aceb654c5140001fc49": "port uncovered by the piston", + "57114b1a2419e31400955575": "oscillating cylinder", + "57114b1a2419e31400955576": "trunnion", + "57114b1a2419e31400955577": "models", + "57114b1a2419e31400955578": "ships where their compactness is valued", + "57114dfb50c2381900b54a53": "recycled continuously", + "57114dfb50c2381900b54a54": "open loop", + "57114dfb50c2381900b54a55": "Mercury", + "57114dfb50c2381900b54a56": "Mercury", + "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5b": "working fluid", + "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5c": "565 \u00b0C", + "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5d": "stainless steel", + "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5e": "30 \u00b0C", + "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5f": "63%", + "57114f0050c2381900b54a65": "Steam engines", + "57114f0050c2381900b54a66": "steamboats", + "57114f0050c2381900b54a67": "Stanley Steamer", + "57114f0050c2381900b54a68": "factories", + "57114f0050c2381900b54a69": "an increase in the land available for cultivation", + "571153422419e3140095557d": "Catch Me Who Can", + "571153422419e3140095557e": "Matthew Murray", + "571153422419e3140095557f": "twin-cylinder", + "571153422419e31400955580": "edge railed rack and pinion Middleton Railway", + "571153422419e31400955581": "Stockton and Darlington Railway", + "5711541350c2381900b54a6f": "Arthur Woolf", + "5711541350c2381900b54a70": "British", + "5711541350c2381900b54a71": "torque variability", + "5711541350c2381900b54a72": "cylinder volume", + "571154c72419e31400955587": "90%", + "571154c72419e31400955588": "reciprocating steam engines", + "571154c72419e31400955589": "gas turbines", + "571154c72419e3140095558a": "steam turbines", + "571154c72419e3140095558b": "reduction", + "571155ae2419e31400955591": "The Rankine cycle", + "571155ae2419e31400955592": "removed in a condenser", + "571155ae2419e31400955593": "1990s", + "571155ae2419e31400955594": "biomass", + "571155ae2419e31400955595": "Scottish", + "571156152419e3140095559b": "duty", + "571156152419e3140095559c": "Watt", + "571156152419e3140095559d": "94", + "571156152419e3140095559e": "7 million", + "571156152419e3140095559f": "17", + "57115ac550c2381900b54a77": "steam turbines", + "57115ac550c2381900b54a78": "Reciprocating piston type", + "57115ac550c2381900b54a79": "turbine type", + "57115ac550c2381900b54a7a": "internal combustion engines", + "57115b2850c2381900b54a7f": "Thomas Savery", + "57115b2850c2381900b54a80": "water pump", + "57115b2850c2381900b54a81": "1698", + "57115b2850c2381900b54a82": "Bento de Moura Portugal", + "57115b2850c2381900b54a83": "John Smeaton", + "57115b8b50c2381900b54a89": "Richard Trevithick", + "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8a": "Richard Trevithick and, separately, Oliver Evans", + "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8b": "1802", + "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8c": "transport", + "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8d": "power", + "57115bf350c2381900b54a93": "Energiprojekt AB", + "57115bf350c2381900b54a94": "Sweden", + "57115bf350c2381900b54a95": "5", + "57115bf350c2381900b54a96": "8.8", + "57115bf350c2381900b54a97": "27-30%", + "57115c7450c2381900b54a9d": "surface condensers", + "57115c7450c2381900b54a9e": "automobile radiator", + "57115c7450c2381900b54a9f": "locations where water is costly", + "57115c7450c2381900b54aa0": "wet", + "57115c7450c2381900b54aa1": "3600", + "57115dbe2419e314009555a5": "The centrifugal governor", + "57115dbe2419e314009555a6": "Boulton", + "57115dbe2419e314009555a7": "flour mill", + "57115dbe2419e314009555a8": "cotton spinning", + "57115dbe2419e314009555a9": "hold a set speed", + "57115e532419e314009555af": "1880", + "57115e532419e314009555b0": "railway locomotives", + "57115e532419e314009555b1": "complicated", + "57115e532419e314009555b2": "1930", + "57115e532419e314009555b3": "road engines", + "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa7": "shortening the cutoff", + "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa8": "kick back", + "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa9": "evacuate the cylinder", + "57115f0a50c2381900b54aaa": "fixed length", + "57115f652419e314009555b9": "Jer\u00f3nimo de Ayanz y Beaumont", + "57115f652419e314009555ba": "Spanish", + "57115f652419e314009555bb": "1606", + "57115f652419e314009555bc": "1698", + "57115f652419e314009555bd": "1712", + "57115ff82419e314009555c3": "rotating discs", + "57115ff82419e314009555c4": "a drive shaft", + "57115ff82419e314009555c5": "static discs", + "57115ff82419e314009555c6": "turbine casing", + "57115ff82419e314009555c7": "3600 revolutions per minute", + "5711607f2419e314009555cd": "lower", + "5711607f2419e314009555ce": "electric motors", + "5711607f2419e314009555cf": "steam turbine plant", + "5711607f2419e314009555d0": "Advanced Steam movement", + "5711607f2419e314009555d1": "pollution", + "571161092419e314009555d7": "Wankel engine", + "571161092419e314009555d8": "cylinders and valve gear", + "571161092419e314009555d9": "thermal expansion", + "5711619950c2381900b54aaf": "1775", + "5711619950c2381900b54ab0": "a separate condenser", + "5711619950c2381900b54ab1": "half as much", + "5711619950c2381900b54ab2": "Newcomen's", + "5711619950c2381900b54ab3": "a piston into the partial vacuum", + "5711623e50c2381900b54ab9": "two", + "5711623e50c2381900b54aba": "plug valve", + "5711623e50c2381900b54abb": "adjustable spring-loaded valve", + "5711623e50c2381900b54abc": "a seal", + "5711623e50c2381900b54abd": "power", + "5711628a2419e314009555dd": "Corliss steam engine", + "5711628a2419e314009555de": "1849", + "5711628a2419e314009555df": "four", + "5711628a2419e314009555e0": "Rumford medal", + "5711628a2419e314009555e1": "30%", + "571163172419e314009555e7": "thermodynamic theory", + "571163172419e314009555e8": "Watt", + "571163172419e314009555e9": "the separate condenser", + "571163172419e314009555ea": "Joseph Black", + "571163172419e314009555eb": "latent heat", + "5711648850c2381900b54ac3": "relatively little work is required to drive the pump", + "5711648850c2381900b54ac4": "liquid phase", + "5711648850c2381900b54ac5": "1% to 3%", + "5711648850c2381900b54ac6": "1500 \u00b0C", + "5711651050c2381900b54acb": "injector", + "5711651050c2381900b54acc": "recover the latent heat of vaporisation", + "5711651050c2381900b54acd": "superheaters", + "5711651050c2381900b54ace": "bunker", + "5711651050c2381900b54acf": "a chain or screw stoking mechanism", + "5711658e50c2381900b54ad5": "feed water", + "5711658e50c2381900b54ad6": "British", + "5711658e50c2381900b54ad7": "dreadnought battleships", + "5711658e50c2381900b54ad8": "dreadnought battleships, and ocean liners", + "5711658e50c2381900b54ad9": "1905", + "571166352419e314009555f1": "water", + "571166352419e314009555f2": "a turbine connected to an electrical generator", + "571166352419e314009555f3": "an electrical generator", + "571166352419e314009555f4": "turbo-electric transmission", + "571166352419e314009555f5": "Britain", + "5711669550c2381900b54adf": "practical Carnot cycle", + "5711669550c2381900b54ae0": "in the condenser", + "5711669550c2381900b54ae1": "constant pressure", + "5711669550c2381900b54ae2": "isothermal", + "5711669550c2381900b54ae3": "as a liquid not as a gas", + "571a484210f8ca1400304fbd": "8", + "571a484210f8ca1400304fbe": "hydrogen and helium", + "571a484210f8ca1400304fbf": "Diatomic oxygen gas", + "571a484210f8ca1400304fc0": "two", + "571a484210f8ca1400304fc1": "almost half", + "571c3a685efbb31900334db2": "8", + "571c3a685efbb31900334db3": "chalcogen", + "571c3a685efbb31900334db4": "oxides", + "571c3a685efbb31900334db5": "third", + "571c3a685efbb31900334db6": "dioxygen", + "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94a": "photosynthesis", + "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94b": "sunlight", + "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94c": "high-altitude ozone layer", + "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09c": "oxygen", + "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09d": "water", + "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09e": "photosynthesis", + "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09f": "water", + "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c0a0": "allotrope", + "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd5": "Robert Boyle", + "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd6": "John Mayow", + "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd7": "nitroaereus", + "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd8": "1679", + "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a6": "Robert Boyle", + "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a7": "spiritus nitroaereus", + "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a8": "17th", + "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a9": "respiration", + "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0aa": "John Mayow", + "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a958": "Joseph Priestley", + "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a959": "clergyman", + "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95a": "mercuric oxide", + "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95b": "HgO", + "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b0": "mercuric oxide", + "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b1": "dephlogisticated air", + "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b2": "1775", + "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b3": "Because he published his findings first", + "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b4": "more active and lived longer", + "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdd": "Leonardo da Vinci", + "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fde": "Philo of Byzantium", + "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdf": "2nd century BCE", + "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fe0": "Philo incorrectly surmised that parts of the air in the vessel were converted into the classical element fire", + "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0ba": "Philo of Byzantium", + "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bb": "classical element fire", + "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bc": "Pneumatica", + "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bd": "Leonardo da Vinci", + "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0be": "air", + "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a960": "heat or a spark", + "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a961": "the source of most of the chemical energy", + "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a962": "oxygen with a high oxidative potential", + "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a963": "Oxygen", + "571cebc05efbb31900334e48": "rapid combustion", + "571cebc05efbb31900334e49": "ignition event", + "571cebc05efbb31900334e4a": "oxidant", + "571cebc05efbb31900334e4b": "chemical energy", + "571cebc05efbb31900334e4c": "peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and dichromates", + "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a969": "Concentrated O\n2 will allow combustion to proceed rapidly and energetically. Steel pipes and storage vessels used to store and transmit both gaseous and liquid oxygen", + "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96a": "1\u20443", + "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96b": "Concentrated O\n2", + "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a0": "combustion", + "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a1": "ignition sources are minimized", + "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a2": "fuel", + "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a4": "Apollo 1 crew", + "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe5": "The Earth's mantle", + "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe6": "silicon", + "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe7": "carbon dioxide", + "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3e": "carbon dioxide", + "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3f": "Earth's crustal rock", + "571ce7f25efbb31900334e40": "mantle", + "571ce7f25efbb31900334e41": "mantle", + "571ce7f25efbb31900334e42": "oxygen", + "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c4": "monatomic", + "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c5": "simplest", + "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c6": "HO", + "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c7": "hydrogen", + "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c8": "Avogadro's law", + "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0ce": "phlogiston", + "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0cf": "wood or coal", + "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d0": "Air", + "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d1": "metals", + "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d2": "become lighter", + "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d8": "a covalent double bond", + "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d9": "two", + "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0da": "Aufbau", + "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0db": "chemically", + "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0dc": "the filling of molecular orbitals formed from the atomic orbitals of the individual oxygen atoms", + "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e2": "1773", + "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e3": "1774", + "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e4": "his work was published first", + "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e5": "Antoine Lavoisier", + "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e6": "phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion", + "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ec": "spin triplet state", + "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ed": "triplet oxygen", + "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ee": "unpaired electrons", + "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ef": "spontaneous", + "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0f0": "antibonding", + "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f6": "part of the trapped air", + "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f7": "weight", + "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f8": "increased in weight", + "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f9": "1777", + "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0fa": "azote", + "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c100": "ozone", + "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c101": "allotrope", + "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c102": "lung tissue", + "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c103": "protective radiation shield", + "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c104": "UV", + "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10a": "dioxygen, O\n2", + "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10b": "dioxygen", + "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10c": "dioxygen, O\n2", + "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10d": "energy content", + "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10e": "cellular respiration", + "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c114": "James Dewar", + "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c115": "1891", + "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c116": "1895", + "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c118": "oxyacetylene", + "571c96095efbb31900334dbc": "Oxygen", + "571c96095efbb31900334dbd": "temperature", + "571c96095efbb31900334dbe": "6.04 milliliters (mL)", + "571c96095efbb31900334dbf": "freshwater", + "571c96095efbb31900334dc0": "twice", + "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11e": "most abundant chemical element", + "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11f": "third", + "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c120": "0.9%", + "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c121": "the world's oceans", + "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c122": "ultraviolet radiation", + "571caac55efbb31900334dc6": "19th", + "571caac55efbb31900334dc7": "compressing and cooling it", + "571caac55efbb31900334dc8": "Raoul Pierre Pictet", + "571caac55efbb31900334dc9": "a few drops", + "571caac55efbb31900334dca": "March 29, 1883", + "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd0": "Sun", + "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd1": "oxygen-16", + "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd2": "Genesis", + "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd3": "unknown", + "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd4": "Earth", + "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c128": "Singlet oxygen", + "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c129": "common organic molecules", + "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12a": "photosynthesis", + "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12b": "photolysis of ozone", + "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12c": "Carotenoids", + "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c132": "Paleoclimatologists", + "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c133": "lower global temperatures", + "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c134": "12%", + "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c135": "oxygen-18", + "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c136": "warmer", + "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13c": "687 and 760 nm", + "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13d": "carbon cycle", + "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13e": "satellite platform", + "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13f": "global", + "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c140": "remote", + "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c146": "paramagnetic", + "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c147": "liquid oxygen", + "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c148": "unpaired electrons", + "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c149": "magnetic field", + "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c14a": "laboratory demonstrations", + "571cc5c45efbb31900334dda": "dangerous", + "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddb": "to destroy invading microbes", + "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddc": "pathogen attack", + "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddd": "obligately anaerobic", + "571cc5c45efbb31900334dde": "2.5 billion years ago", + "571cc6f85efbb31900334de4": "90.20 K", + "571cc6f85efbb31900334de5": "light sky-blue color", + "571cc6f85efbb31900334de6": "liquefied air", + "571cc6f85efbb31900334de7": "liquid nitrogen", + "571cc6f85efbb31900334de8": "combustible", + "571cc8815efbb31900334dee": "solution in the world's water bodies", + "571cc8815efbb31900334def": "lower", + "571cc8815efbb31900334df0": "higher oxygen content", + "571cc8815efbb31900334df1": "biochemical oxygen demand", + "571cc8815efbb31900334df2": "algae", + "571cca4add7acb1400e4c150": "3.5 billion years ago", + "571cca4add7acb1400e4c151": "Paleoproterozoic", + "571cca4add7acb1400e4c152": "banded iron formations", + "571cca4add7acb1400e4c153": "1.7 billion years ago", + "571cca4add7acb1400e4c154": "3\u20132.7 billion years ago", + "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15a": "oxygen cycle", + "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15b": "biogeochemical cycle", + "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15c": "three", + "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15d": "photosynthesis", + "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15e": "oxygen", + "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df8": "pressure swing adsorption", + "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df9": "90% to 93%", + "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfa": "nitrogen", + "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfb": "cryogenic", + "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfc": "90% to 93% O\n2", + "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c164": "water", + "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c165": "Oxygen gas", + "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c166": "high pressure", + "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c167": "water", + "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c168": "Chemical catalysts can be used as well, such as in chemical oxygen generators or oxygen candles", + "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16e": "recreational", + "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16f": "performance boost", + "571cd11add7acb1400e4c170": "performance", + "571cd11add7acb1400e4c171": "aerobic", + "571cd11add7acb1400e4c172": "placebo effect", + "571cd3b55efbb31900334e03": "Hyperbaric", + "571cd3b55efbb31900334e04": "carbon monoxide", + "571cd3b55efbb31900334e05": "anaerobic bacteria", + "571cd3b55efbb31900334e06": "Decompression sickness", + "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c178": "respiration", + "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c179": "oxygen supplementation", + "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17a": "heart", + "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17b": "Oxygen therapy", + "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17c": "gaseous oxygen", + "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c182": "electronegativity", + "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c183": "non-stoichiometric compounds", + "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c184": "FeO", + "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c185": "chemical bonds with almost all other elements to give corresponding oxides", + "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c186": "corrosion", + "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18d": "cabin depressurization", + "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18e": "pressurized", + "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18f": "exothermic", + "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c190": "oxygen", + "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c196": "storage", + "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c197": "as a liquid", + "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c198": "a liquid", + "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c199": "compressed gas", + "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c19a": "hospitals", + "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0c": "organic solvents", + "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0d": "organic", + "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0e": "feeder materials", + "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0f": "Epoxides", + "571cdcb85efbb31900334e10": "feeder materials", + "571cde695efbb31900334e16": "biomolecules", + "571cde695efbb31900334e17": "Only a few", + "571cde695efbb31900334e18": "carbohydrates", + "571cde695efbb31900334e19": "proteins", + "571cde695efbb31900334e1a": "bones", + "571ce3745efbb31900334e20": "pulmonary fibrosis", + "571ce3745efbb31900334e21": "permanent pulmonary fibrosis", + "571ce3745efbb31900334e22": "160 kPa", + "571ce3745efbb31900334e23": "seizures", + "571ce3745efbb31900334e24": "seizures", + "571ce5055efbb31900334e2a": "low total pressures used", + "571ce5055efbb31900334e2b": "30 kPa", + "571ce5055efbb31900334e2c": "1.4 times", + "571ce5055efbb31900334e2d": "marginally more than normal sea-level O\n2 partial pressure", + "571ce5055efbb31900334e2e": "no", + "571ce6655efbb31900334e34": "elevated partial pressures", + "571ce6655efbb31900334e35": "more than 50 kilopascals (kPa)", + "571ce6655efbb31900334e36": "50% oxygen composition at standard pressure", + "571ce6655efbb31900334e37": "mechanical ventilators", + "571ce6655efbb31900334e38": "30%\u201350%", + "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952d": "October 1973", + "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952e": "US$3 per barrel", + "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952f": "1979", + "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89530": "shock", + "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89531": "Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries", + "5725b5a689a1e219009abd28": "to avoid being targeted by the boycott", + "5725b5a689a1e219009abd29": "multilateral negotiations", + "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2a": "January 18, 1974", + "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2b": "March 1974", + "5725b76389a1e219009abd4a": "August 15, 1971", + "5725b76389a1e219009abd4b": "rise and fall according to market demand", + "5725b76389a1e219009abd4c": "Anticipating that currency values would fluctuate unpredictably for a time, the industrialized nations increased their reserves", + "5725b76389a1e219009abd4d": "September 1971", + "5725b76389a1e219009abd4e": "oil was priced in dollars", + "5725b92e38643c19005acbd3": "less than two percent per year", + "5725b92e38643c19005acbd4": "After 1971", + "5725b92e38643c19005acbd5": "1973\u20131974", + "5725b92e38643c19005acbd6": "After 1971, OPEC was slow to readjust prices to reflect this depreciation. From 1947 to 1967", + "5725bad5271a42140099d0bd": "October 6, 1973", + "5725bad5271a42140099d0be": "Iran", + "5725bad5271a42140099d0bf": "ten", + "5725bad5271a42140099d0c0": "Iran", + "5725bad5271a42140099d0c1": "the price of oil] is going to rise", + "5725bcb6271a42140099d0eb": "In response to American aid to Israel", + "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ec": "October 16, 1973", + "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ed": "to continue to cut production in five percent monthly increments until their economic and political objectives were met", + "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ee": "$2.2 billion", + "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ef": "a \"principal hostile country", + "57261dab38643c19005ad037": "over 100 billion dollars", + "57261dab38643c19005ad038": "Al-Qaeda and the Taliban", + "57261dab38643c19005ad039": "Middle East", + "57261dab38643c19005ad03a": "higher oil prices and lower prices for their own export commodities, amid shrinking Western demand", + "57261dab38643c19005ad03b": "Wahhabism", + "57261f9f271a42140099d4a9": "distribution and price disruptions", + "57261f9f271a42140099d4aa": "the USSR", + "57261f9f271a42140099d4ab": "1973", + "57261f9f271a42140099d4ac": "Kissinger's dominance", + "5726241189a1e219009ac2de": "The embargo", + "5726241189a1e219009ac2df": "automobiles", + "5726241189a1e219009ac2e0": "Macroeconomic", + "5726241189a1e219009ac2e1": "Arctic", + "5726241189a1e219009ac2e2": "five to ten years", + "5726487b5951b619008f6edd": "the Netherlands", + "5726487b5951b619008f6ede": "America", + "5726487b5951b619008f6edf": "The UK", + "5726487b5951b619008f6ee0": "Israelis", + "5726487b5951b619008f6ee1": "Ted Heath", + "572649d8f1498d1400e8db36": "the UK", + "572649d8f1498d1400e8db37": "a series of strikes by coal miners and railroad workers", + "572649d8f1498d1400e8db38": "1973\u201374", + "572649d8f1498d1400e8db39": "Norway", + "572649d8f1498d1400e8db3a": "Sweden", + "57264cac708984140094c1b3": "Price controls", + "57264cac708984140094c1b4": "to encourage investment", + "57264cac708984140094c1b5": "creating greater scarcity", + "57264cac708984140094c1b7": "rationing", + "57264d9edd62a815002e80fe": "William E. Simon", + "57264d9edd62a815002e80ff": "1973", + "57264d9edd62a815002e8100": "to coordinate the response to the embargo", + "57264d9edd62a815002e8101": "20%", + "57264efddd62a815002e8134": "55 mph", + "57264efddd62a815002e8135": "Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act", + "57264efddd62a815002e8136": "Bill Clinton", + "57264efddd62a815002e8137": "November 28, 1995", + "57264efddd62a815002e8138": "1977", + "572650325951b619008f6fa9": "The energy crisis", + "572650325951b619008f6faa": "market and technology realities", + "572650325951b619008f6fab": "congresses and presidents", + "57265200708984140094c237": "U.S.", + "57265200708984140094c238": "British", + "57265200708984140094c239": "10 years", + "57265200708984140094c23a": "the Arabs", + "57265360dd62a815002e819a": "Japan", + "57265360dd62a815002e819b": "71%", + "57265360dd62a815002e819c": "declared Japan a \"nonfriendly\" country", + "57265360dd62a815002e819d": "November 22", + "57265360dd62a815002e819e": "December 25", + "57265526708984140094c2bd": "USSR", + "57265526708984140094c2be": "Saudi Arabia and Iran", + "57265526708984140094c2bf": "Saudi", + "57265526708984140094c2c0": "January 1979", + "57265526708984140094c2c1": "November 1979", + "5726581fdd62a815002e823a": "Toyota Corona, the Toyota Corolla, the Datsun B210", + "5726581fdd62a815002e823b": "Japanese", + "5726581fdd62a815002e823c": "V8 and six cylinder", + "5726581fdd62a815002e823d": "Japanese", + "572659535951b619008f703f": "A decade after the 1973 oil crisis", + "572659535951b619008f7040": "Toyota Corona Mark II", + "572659535951b619008f7041": "air conditioning, power steering, AM-FM radios, and even power windows and central locking", + "572659535951b619008f7042": "Acura", + "57265a58dd62a815002e8270": "Toyota Hilux", + "57265a58dd62a815002e8271": "Dodge D-50", + "57265a58dd62a815002e8272": "Ford, Chrysler, and GM", + "57265a58dd62a815002e8273": "captive import policy", + "57265bdfdd62a815002e829e": "An increase in imported cars", + "57265bdfdd62a815002e829f": "at least four", + "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a0": "1985", + "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a1": "Cadillac DeVille and Fleetwood", + "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a2": "Chevrolet Bel Air, and Ford Galaxie 500", + "57265ceddd62a815002e82b8": "1979", + "57265ceddd62a815002e82b9": "1981", + "57265ceddd62a815002e82ba": "Mustang I", + "57265e11708984140094c3bb": "1981", + "57265e11708984140094c3bc": "1980s", + "57265e11708984140094c3bd": "recover market share", + "57265e11708984140094c3be": "$40 per barrel", + "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5d": "a body of treaties and legislation", + "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5e": "Treaties establishing the European Union", + "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5f": "regulations and directives", + "5725b7f389a1e219009abd60": "European Parliament and the Council of the European Union", + "5725c28a271a42140099d14d": "a body of treaties and legislation", + "5725c28a271a42140099d14e": "direct effect or indirect effect", + "5725c28a271a42140099d14f": "primary law, secondary law and supplementary law", + "5725c28a271a42140099d150": "European Parliament and the Council of the European Union", + "57268b43dd62a815002e88f0": "primary law, secondary law and supplementary law", + "57268b43dd62a815002e88f1": "Treaties establishing the European Union", + "57268b43dd62a815002e88f2": "the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union", + "57268b43dd62a815002e88f3": "three", + "5725bbec271a42140099d0d1": "the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union", + "5725bbec271a42140099d0d2": "the courts of member states", + "5725bbec271a42140099d0d4": "Court of Justice of the European Union", + "5725bbec271a42140099d0d5": "case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law", + "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d503": "courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union", + "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d504": "Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", + "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d505": "Court of Justice of the European Union", + "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d506": "case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law", + "57268bf9dd62a815002e890a": "the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union", + "57268bf9dd62a815002e890b": "courts of member states", + "57268bf9dd62a815002e890c": "Court of Justice of the European Union", + "57268bf9dd62a815002e890d": "case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law", + "5725c743ec44d21400f3d549": "the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU)", + "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54a": "The European Commission", + "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54b": "citizens", + "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54c": "European Court of Justice", + "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54d": "European Council", + "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb4": "Treaty on European Union", + "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb5": "The TEU specifically excludes certain regions", + "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb6": "cannot rule on their validity", + "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb7": "if the Treaty provisions have a direct effect and they are sufficiently clear, precise and unconditional", + "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb8": "as soon as they enter into force", + "57268d2ddd62a815002e894e": "Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU)", + "57268d2ddd62a815002e894f": "Gibraltar and the \u00c5land islands", + "57268d2ddd62a815002e8950": "as soon as they enter into force", + "57268d2ddd62a815002e8951": "The Court of Justice of the European Union", + "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bb": "common rules for coal and steel, and then atomic energy", + "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bc": "Treaty of Rome 1957 and the Maastricht Treaty 1992", + "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bd": "1985", + "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5be": "Norway did not end up joining", + "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bf": "Greenland", + "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b0": "common rules for coal and steel, and then atomic energy", + "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b1": "1992", + "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b2": "1986", + "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b3": "1972", + "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b4": "1985", + "57264865dd62a815002e8062": "Following the Nice Treaty", + "57264865dd62a815002e8063": "France", + "57264865dd62a815002e8064": "very similar", + "57264865dd62a815002e8065": "amending", + "57264865dd62a815002e8066": "it did not completely replace", + "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c4": "constitutional law of the European Union", + "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c5": "make it more transparent", + "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c6": "the referendum in France and the referendum in the Netherlands", + "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c7": "Lisbon Treaty", + "57264a8cdd62a815002e808c": "The European Commission", + "57264a8cdd62a815002e808d": "the Commission", + "57264a8cdd62a815002e808e": "The Commission's President", + "57264a8cdd62a815002e808f": "one", + "57264a8cdd62a815002e8090": "Federica Mogherini", + "572691545951b619008f76e1": "Article 17(3)", + "572691545951b619008f76e2": "The Commission's President", + "572691545951b619008f76e3": "a simple majority vote", + "572691545951b619008f76e4": "Ireland", + "572691545951b619008f76e5": "Commissioners", + "57264e455951b619008f6f65": "Santer Commission", + "57264e455951b619008f6f66": "not break any law", + "57264e455951b619008f6f67": "a Committee of Independent Experts", + "57264e455951b619008f6f68": "European Council", + "57264e455951b619008f6f69": "do not have voting rights", + "5726926a5951b619008f7709": "1999", + "5726926a5951b619008f770a": "Commission v Edith Cresson", + "5726926a5951b619008f770b": "a Committee of Independent Experts", + "5726926a5951b619008f770c": "European Anti-fraud Office", + "5726926a5951b619008f770d": "2012", + "5726545f708984140094c2a5": "different ministers of the member states", + "5726545f708984140094c2a6": "Donald Tusk", + "5726545f708984140094c2a7": "inversely to member state size", + "5726545f708984140094c2a8": "352", + "5726545f708984140094c2a9": "260", + "57269424dd62a815002e8a1e": "the Council", + "57269424dd62a815002e8a1f": "each six months", + "57269424dd62a815002e8a20": "352", + "57269424dd62a815002e8a21": "qualified majority vote, if not consensus", + "572656e4dd62a815002e81fa": "a majority of all MEPs", + "572656e4dd62a815002e81fb": "qualified majority", + "572656e4dd62a815002e81fc": "harder", + "572656e4dd62a815002e81fd": "TEU articles 4 and 5", + "572656e4dd62a815002e81fe": "Court of Justice", + "572695285951b619008f774b": "294", + "572695285951b619008f774c": "a majority in Parliament, a minority in the Council, and a majority in the Commission", + "572695285951b619008f774d": "TEU articles 4 and 5", + "572695285951b619008f774e": "Conciliation Committee", + "572658435951b619008f7025": "judicial branch", + "572658435951b619008f7026": "Court of Justice of the European Union", + "572658435951b619008f7027": "28", + "572658435951b619008f7028": "member state courts", + "572658435951b619008f7029": "ensure that in the interpretation and application of the Treaties the law is observed\"", + "5726965ef1498d1400e8e484": "assuming the task of interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration", + "5726965ef1498d1400e8e485": "Court of Justice of the European Union", + "5726965ef1498d1400e8e486": "Civil Service Tribunal", + "5726965ef1498d1400e8e487": "three years", + "5726965ef1498d1400e8e488": "ensure that in the interpretation and application of the Treaties the law is observed\"", + "57265e455951b619008f70bb": "EU law", + "57265e455951b619008f70bc": "the nationalisation law was from 1962, and the treaty was in force from 1958", + "57265e455951b619008f70bd": "1964 and 1968", + "5726975c708984140094cb1f": "European Court of Justice and the highest national courts", + "5726975c708984140094cb20": "1964", + "5726975c708984140094cb21": "the Court of Justice", + "572699db5951b619008f7799": "EU law", + "572699db5951b619008f779a": "democracy and human rights", + "572699db5951b619008f779b": "1972", + "572699db5951b619008f779c": "democracy, the rule of law and the social state principles", + "572699db5951b619008f779d": "the ultimate authority of member states, its factual commitment to human rights, and the democratic will of the people", + "57269aa65951b619008f77ab": "administrative law", + "57269aa65951b619008f77ac": "1986", + "57269aa65951b619008f77ad": "All actions by EU institutions can be subject to judicial review, and judged by standards of proportionality", + "57269aa65951b619008f77ae": "constitutional law", + "57269bb8708984140094cb95": "Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen", + "57269bb8708984140094cb96": "article 30", + "57269bb8708984140094cb97": "postal", + "57269bb8708984140094cb98": "Treaty provisions", + "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b12": "Directives", + "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b13": "at least 4 weeks", + "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b14": "more than 28", + "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b15": "early 1990s", + "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e516": "the member state cannot enforce conflicting laws", + "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e517": "the member state cannot enforce conflicting laws", + "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e518": "10 years", + "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e519": "British Gas plc", + "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e51a": "60", + "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e534": "national courts", + "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e535": "incorporations would only be nullified for a fixed list of reasons", + "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e536": "set up an insurance fund for employees to claim unpaid wages if their employers had gone insolvent", + "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e537": "6 million Lira", + "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e550": "European Court of Justice", + "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e551": "fundamental rights (see human rights), proportionality, legal certainty, equality before the law and subsidiarity", + "5726a09f708984140094cc39": "since the 1950s", + "5726a09f708984140094cc3a": "Article 5", + "5726a09f708984140094cc3b": "the least onerous", + "5726a14c708984140094cc51": "since the 1960s", + "5726a14c708984140094cc52": "international law and public law", + "5726a14c708984140094cc53": "a proper legal basis", + "5726a14c708984140094cc54": "principles of legal certainty and good faith", + "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b86": "the constitutional traditions common to the member states", + "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b87": "fundamental rights recognised and protected in the constitutions of member states", + "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9e": "None", + "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9f": "member states", + "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba0": "1950", + "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba1": "European Court of Human Rights", + "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba2": "1999", + "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59e": "2007", + "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59f": "the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union", + "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a0": "European Union law", + "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a1": "European Court of Justice", + "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5ae": "Treaty of Amsterdam", + "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5af": "1997", + "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b0": "1989", + "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b1": "30", + "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b2": "40", + "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd0": "11 of the then 12", + "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd1": "The UK", + "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd2": "Social Chapter", + "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd3": "1992", + "5726a5525951b619008f78dd": "the election of the UK Labour Party to government", + "5726a5525951b619008f78de": "1997", + "5726a5525951b619008f78df": "Works Council Directive", + "5726a5525951b619008f78e0": "1996", + "5726a5525951b619008f78e1": "workforce consultation in businesses", + "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf6": "France, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Germany", + "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf7": "1951", + "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf8": "cartels", + "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf9": "article 66", + "5726a638dd62a815002e8bfa": "1957", + "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e654": "Article 101", + "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e655": "abuse of dominant position, such as price discrimination and exclusive dealing", + "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e656": "Articles 106 and 107", + "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e657": "Article 102", + "5726b58f5951b619008f7b55": "2007", + "5726b58f5951b619008f7b56": "since the Treaty of Rome 1957", + "5726b58f5951b619008f7b57": "consumer prices", + "5726b58f5951b619008f7b58": "free trade", + "5726b58f5951b619008f7b59": "the Court of Justice", + "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbe": "customs union", + "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbf": "all \"trading rules", + "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc0": "private actors", + "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc1": "Commission v France", + "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc2": "protest", + "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e8": "25 per cent", + "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e9": "France", + "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ea": "2003", + "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8eb": "cocoa butter", + "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ec": "motorcycles or mopeds pulling trailers", + "5726ba2c708984140094cf59": "Keck and Mithouard", + "5726ba2c708984140094cf5a": "prevent cut throat competition", + "5726ba2c708984140094cf5b": "Konsumentombudsmannen v De Agostini", + "5726ba2c708984140094cf5c": "Unfair Commercial Practices Directive", + "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e74": "people to pursue their life goals in any country through free movement", + "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e75": "European Community", + "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e76": "citizenship", + "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e77": "Steymann v Staatssecretaris van Justitie", + "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e78": "stay", + "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea6": "articles 1 to 7", + "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea7": "Jean-Marc Bosman", + "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea8": "Gaelic", + "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea9": "Hendrix v Employee Insurance Institute", + "5726bc1add62a815002e8eaa": "between 3 and 14", + "5726bcde708984140094cfbf": "Citizenship of the EU", + "5726bcde708984140094cfc0": "the number of social services that people can access wherever they move", + "5726bcde708984140094cfc1": "Commission v Austria", + "5726bcde708984140094cfc2": "higher education", + "5726c002708984140094d073": "the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", + "5726c002708984140094d074": "if they were non-discriminatory", + "5726c002708984140094d075": "Reyners v Belgium", + "5726c002708984140094d076": "49", + "5726c002708984140094d077": "Commission v Italy", + "5726c19add62a815002e8f8a": "2006", + "5726c19add62a815002e8f8b": "shipping toxic waste", + "5726c19add62a815002e8f8c": "October 2007", + "5726c19add62a815002e8f8d": "2005", + "5726c3da708984140094d0d9": "people who give services \"for remuneration\"", + "5726c3da708984140094d0da": "Dutch law said only people established in the Netherlands could give legal advice", + "5726c3da708984140094d0db": "narcotic drugs", + "5726c3da708984140094d0dc": "treatment in Germany", + "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac4": "Daily Mail", + "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac5": "\u00a31", + "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac6": "\u00a31", + "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac7": "creditor protection", + "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac8": "\u00dcberseering BV v Nordic Construction GmbH", + "5725b81b271a42140099d097": "Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle", + "5725b81b271a42140099d098": "5,500,000", + "5725b81b271a42140099d099": "nine", + "5725b81b271a42140099d09a": "four", + "5725b81b271a42140099d09b": "over half", + "5728349dff5b5019007d9efe": "Amazoneregenwoud", + "5728349dff5b5019007d9eff": "The Amazon rainforest", + "5728349dff5b5019007d9f00": "Brazil", + "5728349dff5b5019007d9f01": "over half", + "5728349dff5b5019007d9f02": "16,000", + "5729e2316aef0514001550c4": "moist broadleaf", + "5729e2316aef0514001550c5": "7,000,000", + "5729e2316aef0514001550c6": "nine", + "5729e2316aef0514001550c7": "Brazil", + "5729e2316aef0514001550c8": "390 billion", + "5725be0f271a42140099d117": "wetter climate", + "5725be0f271a42140099d118": "Climate fluctuations", + "5725be0f271a42140099d119": "Oligocene", + "5725be0f271a42140099d11a": "last glacial maximum", + "5725be0f271a42140099d11b": "the rainforest still managed to thrive", + "57283adcff5b5019007d9f94": "the extinction of the dinosaurs and the wetter climate", + "57283adcff5b5019007d9f95": "45\u00b0", + "57283adcff5b5019007d9f96": "Climate fluctuations", + "57283adcff5b5019007d9f97": "Oligocene", + "57283adcff5b5019007d9f98": "expanded", + "5729e500af94a219006aa6b5": "Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene", + "5729e500af94a219006aa6b6": "66\u201334 Mya", + "5729e500af94a219006aa6b7": "Middle Miocene", + "5729e500af94a219006aa6b8": "glacial", + "5729e500af94a219006aa6b9": "34 million", + "5725c071271a42140099d127": "along the middle of the continent", + "5725c071271a42140099d128": "toward the Atlantic", + "5725c071271a42140099d129": "Solim\u00f5es Basin", + "5725c071271a42140099d12a": "5\u201310 million years", + "5725c071271a42140099d12b": "the Atlantic", + "57283d173acd2414000df78f": "mid-Eocene", + "57283d173acd2414000df790": "the Atlantic", + "57283d173acd2414000df791": "the Pacific", + "57283d173acd2414000df792": "Amazonas Basin", + "57283d173acd2414000df793": "Solim\u00f5es Basin", + "5729e6313f37b319004785a9": "mid-Eocene", + "5729e6313f37b319004785aa": "the middle", + "5729e6313f37b319004785ab": "toward the Atlantic", + "5729e6313f37b319004785ac": "the Pacific", + "5729e6313f37b319004785ad": "Solim\u00f5es Basin", + "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50b": "Last Glacial Maximum", + "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50c": "rainfall in the basin during the LGM was lower than for the present", + "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50d": "the rainforest was reduced to small, isolated refugia separated by open forest and grassland", + "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50e": "difficult to resolve", + "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50f": "reasonably well supported by the available data", + "572841772ca10214002da1a6": "21,000 years", + "572841772ca10214002da1a7": "Last Glacial Maximum", + "572841772ca10214002da1a8": "sediment deposits", + "572841772ca10214002da1a9": "reduced moist tropical vegetation cover in the basin", + "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa779": "21,000", + "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77a": "sediment", + "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77b": "moist tropical", + "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77c": "open forest and grassland", + "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77d": "the practical limitations of working in the rainforest mean that data sampling is biased away from the center of the Amazon basin", + "5725c63438643c19005acc9f": "CALIPSO", + "5725c63438643c19005acca0": "182 million", + "5725c63438643c19005acca1": "1,600", + "5725c63438643c19005acca2": "Amazon basin", + "5725c63438643c19005acca3": "132 million", + "5728455bff5b5019007da078": "CALIPSO satellite", + "5728455bff5b5019007da079": "182 million tons", + "5728455bff5b5019007da07a": "27.7 million tons", + "5728455bff5b5019007da07b": "132 million tons", + "5728455bff5b5019007da07c": "43 million tons", + "5729ea263f37b319004785bd": "CALIPSO", + "5729ea263f37b319004785be": "NASA", + "5729ea263f37b319004785bf": "182 million tons", + "5729ea263f37b319004785c0": "1,600", + "5729ea263f37b319004785c1": "27.7 million", + "5725c95f38643c19005accf3": "Amazonia: Man and Culture in a Counterfeit Paradise", + "5725c95f38643c19005accf4": "0.52/sq mi", + "5725c95f38643c19005accf5": "agriculture", + "5725c95f38643c19005accf6": "anthropological", + "5725c95f38643c19005accf7": "5 million", + "572847dd4b864d19001648bc": "poor soil", + "572847dd4b864d19001648bd": "Betty Meggers", + "572847dd4b864d19001648be": "0.2", + "572847dd4b864d19001648bf": "Amazonia: Man and Culture in a Counterfeit Paradise", + "5729eb34af94a219006aa6c9": "Betty Meggers", + "5729eb34af94a219006aa6ca": "Amazonia: Man and Culture in a Counterfeit Paradise", + "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cb": "0.2", + "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cc": "5 million", + "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cd": "less than 200,000", + "5725cbb289a1e219009abed2": "Francisco de Orellana", + "5725cbb289a1e219009abed3": "1540s", + "5725cbb289a1e219009abed4": "smallpox", + "5725cbb289a1e219009abed5": "1970s", + "5725cbb289a1e219009abed6": "AD 0\u20131250", + "5729edd56aef051400155112": "Francisco de Orellana", + "5729edd56aef051400155113": "1542", + "5729edd56aef051400155114": "AD 0\u20131250", + "5729edd56aef051400155115": "Ondemar Dias", + "5729edd56aef051400155116": "11,000", + "5725cf3238643c19005acd61": "black earth", + "5725cf3238643c19005acd62": "large areas", + "5725cf3238643c19005acd63": "agriculture and silviculture", + "5725cf3238643c19005acd64": "Xingu", + "5725cf3238643c19005acd65": "Michael Heckenberger and colleagues of the University of Florida", + "5729ef266aef05140015511c": "Terra preta", + "5729ef266aef05140015511d": "agriculture and silviculture", + "5729ef266aef05140015511e": "Xingu", + "5729ef266aef05140015511f": "Michael Heckenberger", + "5729ef266aef051400155120": "roads, bridges and large plazas", + "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61b": "2.5 million", + "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61c": "One in five", + "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61d": "40,000", + "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61e": "2,200", + "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61f": "between 96,660 and 128,843", + "5729f0db6aef051400155126": "2.5 million", + "5729f0db6aef051400155127": "2,000 birds and mammals. To date, at least 40,000 plant species, 2,200 fishes, 1,294 birds, 427", + "5729f0db6aef051400155128": "40,000", + "5729f0db6aef051400155129": "378", + "5729f0db6aef05140015512a": "One in five", + "5726722bdd62a815002e8528": "62", + "5726722bdd62a815002e8529": "16,000", + "5726722bdd62a815002e852a": "90,790", + "5726722bdd62a815002e852b": "356 \u00b1 47 tonnes per hectare", + "5726722bdd62a815002e852c": "438,000", + "5729f2646aef051400155130": "highest", + "5729f2646aef051400155131": "1,100", + "5729f2646aef051400155132": "90,790", + "5729f2646aef051400155133": "356 \u00b1 47 tonnes", + "5729f2646aef051400155134": "438,000", + "5729f3831d0469140077967b": "electric eels", + "5729f3831d0469140077967c": "black caiman", + "5729f3831d0469140077967d": "piranha", + "5729f3831d0469140077967e": "lipophilic alkaloid toxins", + "5729f3831d0469140077967f": "Vampire bats", + "5729fd56af94a219006aa72f": "Deforestation", + "5729fd56af94a219006aa730": "the early 1960s", + "5729fd56af94a219006aa731": "slash and burn", + "5729fd56af94a219006aa732": "loss of soil fertility and weed invasion", + "5729fd56af94a219006aa733": "Deforestation", + "5729feaf6aef051400155188": "587,000", + "5729feaf6aef051400155189": "587,000", + "5729feaf6aef05140015518a": "livestock pasture", + "5729feaf6aef05140015518b": "second-largest", + "5729feaf6aef05140015518c": "Seventy percent", + "572a005f1d046914007796b7": "soy", + "572a005f1d046914007796b8": "increased settlement and deforestation", + "572a005f1d046914007796b9": "8,646", + "572a005f1d046914007796ba": "18%", + "572a005f1d046914007796bb": "declined significantly", + "572a020f6aef051400155198": "biodiversity", + "572a020f6aef051400155199": "destruction of the forest", + "572a020f6aef05140015519a": "carbon", + "572a020f6aef05140015519b": "1.1 \u00d7 1011 metric tonnes", + "572a020f6aef05140015519c": "1.1 \u00d7 1011", + "572a03a06aef0514001551aa": "severely reduced rainfall and increased temperatures", + "572a03a06aef0514001551ab": "greenhouse gas", + "572a03a06aef0514001551ac": "2100", + "572a03a06aef0514001551ad": "the 21st century", + "572a03a06aef0514001551ae": "climate change in addition to deforestation", + "572a064a3f37b3190047865d": "indigenous", + "572a064a3f37b3190047865e": "community-based", + "572a064a3f37b3190047865f": "deforestation and ecocide", + "572a064a3f37b31900478660": "Urarina", + "572a064a3f37b31900478661": "non-human primates", + "572a07c11d046914007796d5": "remote sensing", + "572a07c11d046914007796d6": "Trio Tribe", + "572a07c11d046914007796d7": "southern Suriname", + "572a07c11d046914007796d8": "map out their ancestral lands to help strengthen their territorial claims", + "572a07c11d046914007796d9": "to protect their tribal lands from commercial interests", + "572a09abaf94a219006aa75b": "tree growth", + "572a09abaf94a219006aa75c": "carbon related", + "572a09abaf94a219006aa75d": "Tatiana Kuplich", + "572a09abaf94a219006aa75e": "2006", + "572a09abaf94a219006aa75f": "Synthetic aperture radar", + "572a0b101d046914007796e9": "2005", + "572a0b101d046914007796ea": "Woods Hole Research Center", + "572a0b101d046914007796eb": "Brazilian National Institute of Amazonian Research", + "572a0b101d046914007796ec": "deforestation on regional climate", + "572a0b101d046914007796ed": "savanna or desert", + "572a0bebaf94a219006aa76f": "2010", + "572a0bebaf94a219006aa770": "1,160,000", + "572a0bebaf94a219006aa771": "three", + "572a0bebaf94a219006aa772": "2005", + "572a0bebaf94a219006aa773": "1.5 gigatons", + "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf2": "a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide", + "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf3": "combs\u2019 \u2013 groups of cilia", + "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf4": "water flow through the body cavity", + "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf5": "1.5 m (4 ft 11 in)", + "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf6": "combs", + "57263eaa38643c19005ad371": "comb jellies", + "57263eaa38643c19005ad372": "1.5 m", + "57263eaa38643c19005ad373": "water flow through the body cavity", + "57263eaa38643c19005ad374": "comb", + "57263eaa38643c19005ad375": "marine waters worldwide", + "5725c337271a42140099d163": "100\u2013150", + "5725c337271a42140099d164": "tentilla", + "5725c337271a42140099d165": "ten times their own weight", + "5725c337271a42140099d166": "tentacles and prey", + "5725c337271a42140099d167": "huge mouths armed with groups of large, stiffened cilia", + "5726400589a1e219009ac5ee": "ten times their own weight", + "5726400589a1e219009ac5ef": "tentilla", + "5726400589a1e219009ac5f0": "cilia", + "5726400589a1e219009ac5f1": "colloblasts, sticky cells", + "5726400589a1e219009ac5f2": "100\u2013150", + "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5e": "a single animal can produce both eggs and sperm", + "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5f": "can produce both eggs and sperm at the same time", + "5725c57a89a1e219009abe60": "sequential hermaphrodites", + "5725c57a89a1e219009abe61": "platyctenids", + "5725c57a89a1e219009abe62": "hermaphroditism and early reproduction", + "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd1": "a single animal can produce both eggs and sperm", + "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd2": "can produce both eggs and sperm at the same time", + "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd3": "the eggs and sperm mature at different times", + "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd4": "platyctenids", + "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd5": "beroids", + "5725c69738643c19005accb9": "other ctenophores", + "5725c69738643c19005accba": "Mnemiopsis", + "5725c69738643c19005accbb": "fish larvae and organisms that would otherwise have fed the fish", + "5725c69738643c19005accbc": "bays", + "5726431d271a42140099d7f5": "bays", + "5726431d271a42140099d7f6": "planktonic plants", + "5726431d271a42140099d7f7": "Mnemiopsis", + "5726431d271a42140099d7f8": "causing fish stocks to collapse by eating both fish larvae and organisms that would otherwise have fed the fish", + "5726431d271a42140099d7f9": "accidental introduction of Beroe", + "5725c91e38643c19005acceb": "66 million years ago", + "5725c91e38643c19005accec": "monophyletic", + "5725c91e38643c19005acced": "515 million years ago", + "5725c91e38643c19005accee": "no tentacles but many more comb-rows than modern forms", + "5726449f1125e71900ae1928": "515 million years ago", + "5726449f1125e71900ae1929": "Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction", + "5726449f1125e71900ae192a": "monophyletic", + "5726449f1125e71900ae192b": "tentacles", + "5725cb33271a42140099d1db": "cnidarians", + "5725cb33271a42140099d1dc": "colloblasts", + "5725cb33271a42140099d1dd": "bilaterians", + "5725cb33271a42140099d1de": "Ctenophores", + "5725cb33271a42140099d1df": "colloblasts", + "572646655951b619008f6ebf": "cnidarians", + "572646655951b619008f6ec0": "colloblasts", + "572646655951b619008f6ec1": "colloblasts", + "572646655951b619008f6ec2": "ctenophores and cnidarians", + "572646655951b619008f6ec3": "bilaterians", + "572647d0708984140094c14b": "mesoglea", + "572647d0708984140094c14c": "diploblastic", + "572647d0708984140094c14d": "ctenophores", + "572647d0708984140094c14e": "sponges", + "572648e8dd62a815002e8076": "cilia", + "572648e8dd62a815002e8077": "locomotion", + "572648e8dd62a815002e8078": "ctenes", + "572648e8dd62a815002e8079": "comb-bearing", + "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db40": "cydippid Pleurobrachia", + "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db41": "Coastal species need to be tough enough to withstand waves and swirling sediment particles, while some oceanic species", + "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db42": "to withstand waves and swirling sediment particles", + "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db43": "Pleurobrachia, Beroe and Mnemiopsis", + "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a0": "gastrodermis", + "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a1": "bioluminescence", + "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a2": "pharynx", + "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a3": "a mouth that can usually be closed by muscles", + "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a4": "mouth and pharynx", + "57264cfa708984140094c1c3": "swimming-plates", + "57264cfa708984140094c1c4": "swimming-plates", + "57264cfa708984140094c1c5": "have a supporting function", + "57264cfa708984140094c1c6": "the direction in which the mouth is pointing", + "57264cfa708984140094c1c7": "2 millimeters", + "57264e66dd62a815002e811a": "osmotic pressure", + "57264e66dd62a815002e811b": "mesoglea", + "57264e66dd62a815002e811c": "to increase its bulk and decrease its density, to avoid sinking", + "57264e66dd62a815002e811d": "pump this into the mesoglea", + "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5e": "aboral organ", + "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5f": "at the opposite end from the mouth", + "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc60": "a transparent dome made of long, immobile cilia", + "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc61": "statocyst", + "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc62": "a balance sensor", + "57265746dd62a815002e8218": "sea gooseberry", + "57265746dd62a815002e8219": "a pair of long, slender tentacles", + "57265746dd62a815002e821a": "rounded", + "57265746dd62a815002e821b": "a sheath", + "57265746dd62a815002e821c": "at the narrow end", + "572658daf1498d1400e8dcac": "tentilla", + "572658daf1498d1400e8dcad": "specialized mushroom-shaped cells in the outer layer of the epidermis", + "572658daf1498d1400e8dcae": "striated muscle", + "572658daf1498d1400e8dcaf": "three", + "572658daf1498d1400e8dcb0": "capturing prey", + "572659ea5951b619008f7051": "eight", + "572659ea5951b619008f7052": "near the mouth to the opposite end", + "572659ea5951b619008f7053": "evenly round the body", + "572659ea5951b619008f7054": "a ciliary groove", + "57265aaf5951b619008f706b": "lobes", + "57265aaf5951b619008f706c": "gelatinous projections edged with cilia", + "57265aaf5951b619008f706d": "four", + "57265aaf5951b619008f706e": "feed continuously on suspended planktonic prey", + "57265aaf5951b619008f706f": "suspended planktonic prey", + "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd36": "clapping their lobes", + "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd37": "escape from danger", + "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd38": "nerves", + "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd39": "nerves", + "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd50": "Nuda", + "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd51": "Beroida", + "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd52": "\"zip\" the mouth shut when the animal is not feeding, by forming intercellular connections with the opposite adhesive strip", + "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd53": "streamlines the front of the animal", + "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd54": "large pharynx", + "57265e97708984140094c3c3": "Cestida", + "57265e97708984140094c3c4": "belt animals", + "57265e97708984140094c3c5": "by undulating their bodies", + "57265e97708984140094c3c6": "Cestum veneris", + "57265e97708984140094c3c7": "Velamen parallelum", + "572681c1dd62a815002e8796": "a pair of tentilla-bearing tentacles", + "572681c1dd62a815002e8797": "muscular \"foot\"", + "572681c1dd62a815002e8798": "comb-rows", + "572681c1dd62a815002e8799": "rocks, algae, or the body surfaces of other invertebrates", + "572683075951b619008f7513": "via pores in the epidermis", + "572683075951b619008f7514": "internal fertilization and keep the eggs in brood chambers until they hatch", + "572683075951b619008f7515": "Mnemiopsis", + "572683075951b619008f7516": "in the parts of the internal canal network under the comb rows", + "572683075951b619008f7517": "external", + "572684365951b619008f753f": "tentacles and tentacle sheaths", + "572684365951b619008f7540": "flat, bottom-dwelling", + "572684365951b619008f7541": "after dropping to the sea-floor", + "572684365951b619008f7542": "true larvae", + "572684365951b619008f7543": "Beroe", + "572686fc708984140094c8e5": "disturbed", + "572686fc708984140094c8e6": "disturbed", + "572686fc708984140094c8e7": "ink", + "572686fc708984140094c8e8": "Juveniles", + "5726887e708984140094c917": "vegetarians", + "5726887e708984140094c918": "jellyfish", + "5726887e708984140094c919": "incorporate their prey's nematocysts (stinging cells) into their own tentacles", + "5726887e708984140094c91a": "smaller, weaker swimmers such as rotifers and mollusc and crustacean larvae", + "5726887e708984140094c91b": "Lampea", + "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33c": "low ratio of organic matter to salt and water", + "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33d": "keta", + "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33e": "other ctenophores", + "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33f": "Red Sea", + "57268a37f1498d1400e8e340": "ctenophores", + "57268c01dd62a815002e8912": "Mnemiopsis leidyi", + "57268c01dd62a815002e8913": "via the ballast tanks of ships", + "57268c01dd62a815002e8914": "late 1980s", + "57268c01dd62a815002e8915": "accidental introduction of the Mnemiopsis-eating North American ctenophore Beroe ovata", + "57268c01dd62a815002e8916": "significantly slowed the animal's metabolism", + "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39c": "soft, gelatinous bodies", + "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39d": "a comb jelly", + "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39e": "mid-Cambrian period", + "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39f": "Three", + "57268da7f1498d1400e8e3a0": "tentacles", + "57268f05dd62a815002e8990": "515 million years ago", + "57268f05dd62a815002e8991": "early Cambrian sessile frond-like fossil Stromatoveris", + "57268f05dd62a815002e8992": "Stromatoveris", + "57268f05dd62a815002e8993": "Vendobionta", + "57268f05dd62a815002e8994": "Ediacaran", + "57269016708984140094ca41": "Bilateria", + "57269016708984140094ca42": "Porifera", + "572691bedd62a815002e89dc": "beroids", + "572691bedd62a815002e89dd": "monophyletic", + "572691bedd62a815002e89de": "65.5 million years ago", + "572691bedd62a815002e89df": "Richard Harbison", + "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4d": "Fresno", + "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4e": "220 miles (350 km)", + "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4f": "ash tree", + "5725ce4d38643c19005acd50": "an ash leaf", + "5725ce4d38643c19005acd51": "ash tree", + "5725cfd0271a42140099d225": "1872", + "5725cfd0271a42140099d226": "worried about flooding", + "5725cfd0271a42140099d227": "1885", + "5725cfd0271a42140099d228": "47", + "5725cfd0271a42140099d229": "a store", + "5725d183271a42140099d23d": "2.7%", + "5725d183271a42140099d23e": "Chinatown", + "5725d183271a42140099d23f": "Pinedale", + "5725d183271a42140099d240": "an interim facility for the relocation of Fresno area Japanese Americans to internment camps", + "5725d183271a42140099d241": "an assembly center", + "5725d34aec44d21400f3d639": "BankAmericard", + "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63a": "BankAmericard in Fresno. After a troubled gestation during which its creator resigned, BankAmericard", + "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63b": "revolve a balance", + "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63c": "1976", + "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63d": "Visa Inc", + "5725d42a89a1e219009abf58": "Bill Aken", + "5725d42a89a1e219009abf59": "Bob Gallion", + "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5a": "Madera", + "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5b": "old country-western show at The Fresno Barn", + "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5c": "Lupe Mayorga", + "5725d662ec44d21400f3d687": "three", + "5725d662ec44d21400f3d688": "Roeding Park", + "5725d662ec44d21400f3d689": "Kearney Park", + "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68a": "Woodward Park", + "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68b": "Kearney Park", + "5725d7e438643c19005acdf9": "1880s and World War II", + "5725d7e438643c19005acdfa": "the original Fresno County Courthouse", + "5725d7e438643c19005acdfb": "San Joaquin Light & Power Building", + "5725d7e438643c19005acdfc": "Hughes Hotel", + "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b3": "1964", + "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b4": "Fulton Mall", + "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b5": "Pierre-Auguste Renoir", + "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b6": "near their current locations", + "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b7": "wide sidewalks", + "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c5": "on Fresno's far southeast side", + "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c6": "Kings Canyon Avenue and Clovis Avenue", + "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c7": "1950s", + "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c8": "Sunnyside", + "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c9": "William P. Bell", + "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfea": "Tower Theatre", + "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfeb": "1939", + "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfec": "water tower", + "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfed": "Fresno Normal School", + "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfee": "one-half mile", + "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d7": "late 1970s", + "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d8": "second and third run movies", + "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d9": "1978", + "5725e1c4271a42140099d2da": "Fresno", + "5725e1c4271a42140099d2db": "Evita and The Wiz", + "5725e45689a1e219009ac048": "live", + "5725e45689a1e219009ac049": "within a few hundred feet", + "5725e45689a1e219009ac04a": "Tower District", + "5725e45689a1e219009ac04b": "the Tower District", + "5725e45689a1e219009ac04c": "Tower District", + "5725e748ec44d21400f3d733": "early twentieth century homes", + "5725e748ec44d21400f3d734": "Storybook houses", + "5725e748ec44d21400f3d735": "contrasts", + "5725e748ec44d21400f3d736": "decades", + "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0ae": "Huntington Boulevard", + "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0af": "William Stranahan", + "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b0": "1914", + "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b1": "267", + "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b2": "Fresno Traction Company", + "5725edfe38643c19005ace9f": "Southwest Fresno", + "5725edfe38643c19005acea0": "southwest", + "5725edfe38643c19005acea1": "African-American", + "5725edfe38643c19005acea2": "Hmong or Laotian", + "5725edfe38643c19005acea3": "The \"West Side", + "5725f00938643c19005aced7": "M. Theo Kearney", + "5725f00938643c19005aced8": "tall palm trees", + "5725f00938643c19005aced9": "Fresno Street and Thorne Ave", + "5725f00938643c19005aceda": "Brookhaven", + "5725f00938643c19005acedb": "Dogg Pound", + "5725f190ec44d21400f3d76f": "between the 1960s and 1990s", + "5725f190ec44d21400f3d770": "Fresno and B streets", + "5725f190ec44d21400f3d771": "Cargill Meat Solutions and Foster Farms", + "5725f190ec44d21400f3d772": "West Side", + "5725f190ec44d21400f3d773": "very little", + "5725f2c838643c19005aceed": "Ralph Woodward", + "5725f2c838643c19005aceee": "300", + "5725f2c838643c19005aceef": "up to 2,500", + "5725f2c838643c19005acef0": "22", + "5725f2c838643c19005acef1": "April through October", + "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fa": "1946", + "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fb": "William Smilie", + "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fc": "Sierra Sky Park", + "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fd": "automobiles", + "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fe": "numerous", + "5725f5b1271a42140099d371": "hot and dry", + "5725f5b1271a42140099d372": "July", + "5725f5b1271a42140099d373": "11.5 inches", + "5725f5b1271a42140099d374": "northwest", + "5725f5b1271a42140099d375": "December, January and February", + "5725f6e138643c19005acf19": "115 \u00b0F", + "5725f6e138643c19005acf1a": "January 6, 1913", + "5725f6e138643c19005acf1b": "1885", + "5725f6e138643c19005acf1c": "2.2 inches", + "5725f6e138643c19005acf1d": "3.55 inches", + "5725f7cd38643c19005acf23": "494,665", + "5725f7cd38643c19005acf24": "49.6%", + "5725f7cd38643c19005acf25": "8,525", + "5725f7cd38643c19005acf26": "30.0%", + "5725f7cd38643c19005acf27": "4,404.5", + "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b1": "68,511", + "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b2": "19.3%", + "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b3": "1,388", + "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b4": "3.62", + "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b5": "3.07", + "5725fabc89a1e219009ac128": "427,652", + "5725fabc89a1e219009ac129": "149,025", + "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12a": "8.4%", + "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12b": "a third", + "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12c": "4,097.9 people per square mile", + "5725fb8138643c19005acf3f": "To avoid interference with existing VHF television stations in the San Francisco Bay Area", + "5725fb8138643c19005acf40": "KMJ-TV", + "5725fb8138643c19005acf41": "June 1, 1953", + "5725fb8138643c19005acf42": "NBC affiliate KSEE", + "5725fb8138643c19005acf43": "KGPE", + "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ad": "State Route 99", + "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ae": "Sierra Freeway", + "5725fcbe271a42140099d3af": "State Route 41", + "5725fcbe271a42140099d3b0": "west", + "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7dd": "Fresno", + "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7de": "1950s", + "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7df": "Interstate 9", + "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7e0": "rapidly raising population and traffic in cities along SR 99, as well as the desirability of Federal funding", + "5725ff8238643c19005acf49": "Amtrak San Joaquins", + "5725ff8238643c19005acf4a": "Downtown Fresno", + "5725ff8238643c19005acf4b": "Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway and Union Pacific Railroad", + "5725ff8238643c19005acf4c": "San Joaquin Valley Railroad", + "5725ff8238643c19005acf4d": "Fresno", + "5725d34089a1e219009abf50": "the concept Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching", + "5725d34089a1e219009abf51": "to provide a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages", + "5725d34089a1e219009abf52": "This concept contrasted and contradicted the theretofore established principles of pre-allocation of network bandwidth", + "5725d34089a1e219009abf53": "coining the modern name packet switching and inspiring numerous packet switching networks in Europe", + "572632ceec44d21400f3dc2f": "the concept Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching", + "572632ceec44d21400f3dc30": "Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching with the goal to provide a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages", + "572632ceec44d21400f3dc31": "Donald Davies", + "5725d52f89a1e219009abf78": "circuit switching", + "5725d52f89a1e219009abf79": "a fee per unit of connection time", + "5725d52f89a1e219009abf7a": "Packet switching contrasts with another principal networking paradigm, circuit switching", + "572634a789a1e219009ac56c": "circuit switching", + "572634a789a1e219009ac56d": "a method which pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session, each having a constant bit rate and latency between nodes", + "572634a789a1e219009ac56e": "a method which pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session, each having a constant bit rate and latency between nodes", + "572634a789a1e219009ac56f": "Packet switching contrasts with another principal networking paradigm, circuit switching", + "5726219489a1e219009ac2d0": "according to a multiple access scheme", + "5726356938643c19005ad2ff": "with or without intermediate forwarding nodes", + "5726356938643c19005ad300": "Packets are normally forwarded by intermediate network nodes asynchronously using first-in, first-out buffering", + "5726356938643c19005ad301": "according to a multiple access scheme", + "5726249538643c19005ad07f": "the concept of distributed adaptive message block switching", + "5726249538643c19005ad080": "Baran developed the concept of distributed adaptive message block switching during his research at the RAND Corporation for the US Air Force into survivable communications networks", + "5726249538643c19005ad081": "use of a decentralized network with multiple paths between any two points", + "5726249538643c19005ad082": "delivery of these messages by store and forward switching", + "57263677ec44d21400f3dc49": "distributed adaptive message block switching", + "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4a": "described a general architecture for a large-scale, distributed, survivable communications network", + "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4b": "use of a decentralized network with multiple paths between any two points", + "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4c": "store and forward switching", + "572629c6271a42140099d6a3": "independently developed the same message routing methodology", + "572629c6271a42140099d6a4": "packet switching", + "572629c6271a42140099d6a5": "a nationwide network in the UK", + "572629c6271a42140099d6a6": "for use in the ARPANET", + "5726378238643c19005ad313": "Donald Davies", + "5726378238643c19005ad314": "packet switching", + "5726378238643c19005ad315": "suggested it for use in the ARPANET", + "5726385e271a42140099d797": "each packet includes complete addressing information", + "5726385e271a42140099d798": "The packets are routed individually", + "5726385e271a42140099d799": "Each packet is labeled with a destination address, source address, and port numbers", + "5726385e271a42140099d79a": "the original message/data is reassembled in the correct order", + "5726398589a1e219009ac588": "Connection-oriented transmission requires a setup phase in each involved node before any packet is transferred to establish the parameters of communication", + "5726398589a1e219009ac589": "The packets include a connection identifier rather than address information and are negotiated between endpoints", + "5726398589a1e219009ac58a": "Routing a packet requires the node to look up the connection id in a table", + "5726398589a1e219009ac58b": "The packet header can be small", + "57263b1638643c19005ad333": "Both X.25 and Frame Relay provide connection-oriented operations", + "57263b1638643c19005ad334": "Both X.25 and Frame Relay provide connection-oriented operations. But X.25 does it at the network layer of the OSI Model", + "57263b1638643c19005ad335": "the Internet Protocol", + "57263b1638643c19005ad336": "A typical configuration is to run IP over ATM or a version of MPLS", + "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7b": "1969", + "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7c": "Two fundamental differences involved the division of functions and tasks between the hosts at the edge of the network and the network core", + "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7d": "the network guarantees sequenced delivery of data to the host. This results in a simpler host interface with less functionality than in the datagram model", + "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7e": "The X.25 protocol suite uses this network type", + "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8d": "AppleTalk was a proprietary suite of networking protocols developed by Apple Inc. in 1985 for Apple Macintosh computers", + "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8e": "AppleTalk included features that allowed local area networks to be established ad hoc without the requirement for a centralized router or server", + "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8f": "addresses", + "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc90": "plug-n-play system", + "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a2": "The CYCLADES packet switching network was a French research network designed and directed by Louis Pouzin", + "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a3": "It was the first network to make the hosts responsible for reliable delivery of data, rather than the network itself", + "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a4": "It was the first network to make the hosts responsible for reliable delivery of data, rather than the network itself", + "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a5": "ARPANET architecture", + "57263ea0271a42140099d7c3": "a suite of network protocols created by Digital Equipment Corporation", + "57263ea0271a42140099d7c4": "originally released in 1975 in order to connect two PDP-11 minicomputers", + "57263ea0271a42140099d7c5": "seven", + "57263ea0271a42140099d7c6": "open standards with published specifications", + "57263fd138643c19005ad37b": "Warner was right.", + "57263fd138643c19005ad37c": "Schenectady, Phoenix, Chicago, and Phoenix) to facilitate a computer time-sharing service, apparently the world's first commercial online service", + "57263fd138643c19005ad37d": "a time-sharing system, based on Kemney's work at Dartmouth\u2014which used a computer on loan from GE\u2014could be profitable", + "57263fd138643c19005ad37e": "a time-sharing system, based on Kemney's work at Dartmouth\u2014which used a computer on loan from GE\u2014could be profitable", + "5726414e271a42140099d7e5": "to explore computer networking between three of Michigan's public universities as a means to help the state's educational and economic development", + "5726414e271a42140099d7e6": "connections to the CDC mainframe at Michigan State University in East Lansing completed the triad", + "5726414e271a42140099d7e7": "All of this set the stage for Merit's role in the NSFNET project starting in the mid-1980s.", + "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf5": "Telenet was the first FCC-licensed public data network in the United States", + "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf6": "Larry Roberts", + "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf7": "It was founded by former ARPA IPTO director Larry Roberts as a means of making ARPANET technology public", + "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf8": "changed the host interface to X.25 and the terminal interface to X.29", + "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf9": "GTE", + "5726431aec44d21400f3dd13": "an international data communications network headquartered in San Jose, CA", + "5726431aec44d21400f3dd14": "Users typically connected via dial-up connections or dedicated async connections", + "5726431aec44d21400f3dd15": "Users typically connected via dial-up connections or dedicated async connections", + "5726431aec44d21400f3dd16": "build their own dedicated networks", + "5726431aec44d21400f3dd17": "to reach locations not on the private network", + "572643de5951261400b5195a": "two", + "572643de5951261400b5195b": "Bell Northern Research", + "572643de5951261400b5195c": "interconnection of national X.25 networks", + "5726446a89cfff1900a8404d": "AUSTPAC was an Australian public X.25 network operated by Telstra", + "5726446a89cfff1900a8404e": "supporting applications such as on-line betting, financial applications \u2014 the Australian Tax Office made use of AUSTPAC \u2014 and remote terminal access to academic institutions", + "5726446a89cfff1900a8404f": "Access can be via a dial-up terminal to a PAD, or, by linking a permanent X.25 node to the network", + "57264586f1498d1400e8dac6": "public switched data network operated by the Dutch PTT Telecom", + "57264586f1498d1400e8dac7": "Datanet 1 only referred to the network and the connected users via leased lines", + "57264586f1498d1400e8dac8": "public PAD service Telepad", + "57264586f1498d1400e8dac9": "incorrect", + "5726462b708984140094c117": "The Computer Science Network (CSNET) was a computer network funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation", + "5726462b708984140094c118": "Its purpose was to extend networking benefits", + "5726462b708984140094c119": "a computer network funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) that began operation in 1981. Its purpose was to extend networking benefits", + "5726472bdd62a815002e8042": "Internet2 is a not-for-profit United States computer networking consortium led by members from the research and education communities, industry, and government", + "5726472bdd62a815002e8043": "Qwest", + "5726472bdd62a815002e8044": "Abilene", + "5726472bdd62a815002e8045": "Qwest", + "5726472bdd62a815002e8046": "Internet2 Network", + "572647e2dd62a815002e805c": "The National Science Foundation Network", + "572647e2dd62a815002e805d": "advanced research and education networking in the United States", + "572647e2dd62a815002e805e": "it developed into a major part of the Internet backbone", + "572648d1708984140094c15d": "Very high-speed Backbone Network Service", + "572648d1708984140094c15e": "The network was engineered and operated by MCI Telecommunications under a cooperative agreement with the NSF", + "572648d1708984140094c15f": "MCI Telecommunications", + "572648d1708984140094c160": "more than 100", + "572648d1708984140094c161": "The vBNS installed one of the first ever production OC-48c (2.5 Gbit/s) IP links in February 1999", + "57264684708984140094c123": "the arid plains of Central Asia", + "57264684708984140094c124": "killed 30\u201360% of Europe's total population", + "57264684708984140094c125": "30\u201360%", + "57264684708984140094c126": "17th century", + "57264684708984140094c127": "19th century", + "572647935951b619008f6ec9": "populations of fleas carried by ground rodents", + "572647935951b619008f6eca": "1338\u201339", + "572647935951b619008f6ecb": "China", + "572647935951b619008f6ecc": "1331", + "572647935951b619008f6ecd": "25 million", + "57264845f1498d1400e8db0a": "Genoese traders", + "57264845f1498d1400e8db0b": "Jani Beg", + "57264845f1498d1400e8db0c": "infected corpses", + "57264845f1498d1400e8db0d": "by ship into Sicily and the south of Europe", + "57264845f1498d1400e8db0e": "war, famine, and weather", + "572648ed5951b619008f6f03": "northwest across Europe, striking France, Spain, Portugal and England by June 1348, then turned and spread east", + "572648ed5951b619008f6f04": "Russia", + "572648ed5951b619008f6f05": "isolated alpine villages", + "572648ed5951b619008f6f06": "Germany and Scandinavia", + "572648ed5951b619008f6f07": "1349", + "57264991f1498d1400e8db2e": "serious depopulation and permanent change in both economic and social structures", + "57264991f1498d1400e8db2f": "autumn 1347", + "57264991f1498d1400e8db30": "through the port's trade with Constantinople, and ports on the Black Sea", + "57264991f1498d1400e8db31": "the north", + "57264a74708984140094c18b": "Gasquet", + "57264a74708984140094c18c": "atra mors", + "57264a74708984140094c18d": "Gasquet", + "57264a74708984140094c18e": "1823", + "57264a74708984140094c18f": "Scandinavia", + "57264b3edd62a815002e80aa": "the heavens", + "57264b3edd62a815002e80ab": "medical faculty in Paris", + "57264b3edd62a815002e80ac": "Miasma theory", + "57264b3edd62a815002e80ad": "Miasma theory", + "57264c42dd62a815002e80c6": "Yersinia pestis", + "57264c42dd62a815002e80c7": "1894", + "57264c42dd62a815002e80c8": "Alexandre Yersin", + "57264c42dd62a815002e80c9": "Y. pestis was usually transmitted", + "57264c42dd62a815002e80ca": "two populations of rodents", + "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e4": "Francis Aidan Gasquet", + "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e5": "some form of the ordinary Eastern or bubonic plague", + "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e6": "1908", + "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e7": "rats and fleas", + "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e8": "Black Death", + "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7a": "30\u201375%", + "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7b": "high", + "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7c": "80", + "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7d": "90 to 95 percent", + "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7e": "purple", + "57264e2f708984140094c1e1": "October 2010", + "57264e2f708984140094c1e2": "the role of Yersinia pestis in the Black Death", + "57264e2f708984140094c1e3": "Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) techniques", + "57264e2f708984140094c1e4": "mass graves in northern, central and southern Europe", + "57264e2f708984140094c1e5": "ends the debate about the etiology of the Black Death", + "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbae": "genetic branches) of the Y. pestis genome associated with medieval mass graves. These clades (which are thought to be extinct", + "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbaf": "Y. p. orientalis and Y. p. medievalis", + "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb0": "the plague may have entered Europe in two waves", + "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb1": "November 1347", + "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb2": "spring of 1349", + "57264fe65951b619008f6fa1": "confirmed and amended", + "57264fe65951b619008f6fa2": "England", + "57264fe65951b619008f6fa3": "may no longer exist", + "57264fe65951b619008f6fa4": "October 2011", + "5726509bdd62a815002e815a": "J. F. D. Shrewsbury", + "5726509bdd62a815002e815b": "the reported rates of mortality in rural areas during the 14th-century pandemic were inconsistent with the modern bubonic plague", + "5726509bdd62a815002e815c": "contemporary accounts were exaggerations", + "5726509bdd62a815002e815d": "the first major work to challenge the bubonic plague theory", + "5726509bdd62a815002e815e": "Samuel K. Cohn, Jr.", + "5726516a708984140094c223": "an epidemiological account of the plague", + "5726516a708984140094c224": "lack of reliable statistics", + "5726516a708984140094c225": "over 100%", + "5726516a708984140094c226": "figures from the clergy", + "5726516a708984140094c227": "between the time of publication of the Domesday Book and the year 1377", + "57265285708984140094c25b": "lack of accounts of the death of rats before outbreaks of plague between the 14th and 17th centuries", + "57265285708984140094c25c": "marginal", + "57265285708984140094c25d": "too cold in northern Europe for the survival of fleas", + "57265285708984140094c25e": "faster", + "57265285708984140094c25f": "5 to 15", + "5726534d708984140094c26d": "the cause was a form of anthrax", + "5726534d708984140094c26e": "a combination of anthrax and other pandemics", + "5726534d708984140094c26f": "typhus, smallpox and respiratory infections", + "5726534d708984140094c270": "blood poisoning", + "5726534d708984140094c271": "25", + "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc28": "about a third", + "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc29": "Half", + "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2a": "at least some pre-planning and Christian burials", + "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2b": "50%", + "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2c": "isolated areas", + "572654e2708984140094c2b7": "14th to 17th centuries", + "572654e2708984140094c2b8": "the plague was present somewhere in Europe in every year between 1346 and 1671", + "572654e2708984140094c2b9": "almost a million", + "5726559edd62a815002e81c8": "propose a range of preincident population figures", + "5726559edd62a815002e81c9": "1350", + "5726559edd62a815002e81ca": "10\u201315%", + "5726559edd62a815002e81cb": "1665", + "57265642f1498d1400e8dc68": "40,000", + "57265642f1498d1400e8dc69": "Russia", + "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6a": "22", + "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6b": "Italian Plague", + "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6c": "1654", + "57265700dd62a815002e820e": "1.7 million", + "57265700dd62a815002e820f": "about half", + "57265700dd62a815002e8210": "half", + "57265700dd62a815002e8211": "Sweden v. Russia and allies", + "57265700dd62a815002e8212": "1720", + "5726577f708984140094c301": "1500 and 1850", + "5726577f708984140094c302": "30 to 50 thousand", + "5726577f708984140094c303": "second quarter of the 19th century", + "5726577f708984140094c304": "two-thirds", + "572657d9dd62a815002e8230": "melt", + "572657d9dd62a815002e8231": "metamorphic", + "572657d9dd62a815002e8232": "a new magma", + "572657d9dd62a815002e8233": "igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic", + "572657d9dd62a815002e8234": "heat and pressure", + "57265d08708984140094c397": "seafloor spreading", + "57265d08708984140094c398": "crust and rigid uppermost portion of the upper mantle", + "57265d08708984140094c399": "asthenosphere", + "57265d08708984140094c39a": "the convecting mantle", + "57265d08708984140094c39b": "1960s", + "57265f605951b619008f70db": "divergent boundaries", + "57265f605951b619008f70dc": "convergent boundaries", + "57265f605951b619008f70dd": "Transform", + "57265f605951b619008f70de": "Alfred Wegener", + "57265f605951b619008f70df": "convecting mantle", + "57266193dd62a815002e832a": "seismic waves", + "57266193dd62a815002e832b": "mantle", + "57266193dd62a815002e832c": "the outer core and inner core", + "57266193dd62a815002e832d": "mantle", + "57266193dd62a815002e832e": "wave speeds", + "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf2": "The second scale compresses the most recent era", + "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf4": "the Quaternary", + "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf5": "The Holocene", + "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf6": "Quaternary", + "572665ff708984140094c4c3": "The principle of cross-cutting relationships", + "572665ff708984140094c4c4": "older", + "572665ff708984140094c4c5": "the key bed", + "572665ff708984140094c4c6": "older", + "572667e2f1498d1400e8de90": "xenoliths", + "572667e2f1498d1400e8de91": "magma or lava flows", + "572667e2f1498d1400e8de92": "clasts", + "572667e2f1498d1400e8de93": "The principle of inclusions and components", + "572667e2f1498d1400e8de94": "gravel", + "572669a9dd62a815002e8416": "faunal succession", + "572669a9dd62a815002e8417": "William Smith", + "572669a9dd62a815002e8418": "complex", + "572669a9dd62a815002e8419": "organisms", + "572669a9dd62a815002e841a": "Charles Darwin", + "57266c015951b619008f7237": "beginning of the 20th century", + "57266c015951b619008f7238": "stratigraphic", + "57266c015951b619008f7239": "new absolute ages", + "57266c015951b619008f723a": "one another", + "57266c015951b619008f723b": "fossil sequences", + "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8c": "Thermochemical techniques", + "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8d": "closure temperature", + "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8e": "isotope ratios", + "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8f": "Dating of lava and volcanic ash layers found within a stratigraphic sequence", + "5726701add62a815002e84c8": "horizontal compression", + "5726701add62a815002e84c9": "shallow crust", + "5726701add62a815002e84ca": "synforms", + "5726701add62a815002e84cb": "synforms", + "5726701add62a815002e84cc": "anticlines and synclines", + "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe4": "Extension", + "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe5": "boudins", + "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe6": "Maria Fold and Thrust Belt", + "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe7": "metamorphosed", + "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe8": "normal faulting", + "572673f5708984140094c69b": "Dikes", + "572673f5708984140094c69c": "areas that are being actively deformed", + "572673f5708984140094c69d": "topographic", + "572673f5708984140094c69e": "Continual motion along the fault", + "572673f5708984140094c69f": "Deformational events", + "57267640f1498d1400e8e074": "layered basaltic lava flows", + "57267640f1498d1400e8e075": "Acasta gneiss of the Slave craton", + "57267640f1498d1400e8e076": "sedimentary rocks", + "57267640f1498d1400e8e077": "Cambrian time", + "57267640f1498d1400e8e078": "northwestern Canada", + "572677e7708984140094c723": "the study of rocks", + "572677e7708984140094c724": "the study of sedimentary layers", + "572677e7708984140094c725": "the study of positions of rock units and their deformation", + "572677e7708984140094c726": "soils, rivers, landscapes, and glaciers", + "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ec": "identifying rocks", + "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ed": "interference properties", + "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ee": "geochemical evolution of rock units", + "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ef": "laboratory", + "57267947f1498d1400e8e0f0": "optical", + "57267b3c5951b619008f7423": "fluid inclusion data and perform high temperature and pressure physical experiments", + "57267b3c5951b619008f7424": "fluid inclusion data and perform high temperature and pressure physical experiments", + "57267b3c5951b619008f7425": "metamorphic processes", + "57267d52708984140094c7d9": "Structural", + "57267d52708984140094c7da": "microscopic analysis of oriented thin sections of geologic samples", + "57267d52708984140094c7db": "plot and combine", + "57267d52708984140094c7dc": "analog and numerical", + "57267ebfdd62a815002e872c": "orogenic wedges", + "57267ebfdd62a815002e872d": "orogenic wedges", + "57267ebfdd62a815002e872e": "sand", + "57267ebfdd62a815002e872f": "all angles remain the same", + "57267ebfdd62a815002e8730": "Numerical models", + "57268066708984140094c821": "stratigraphers", + "57268066708984140094c822": "geophysical", + "57268066708984140094c823": "well logs", + "57268066708984140094c824": "computer programs", + "57268066708984140094c825": "water, coal, and hydrocarbon", + "57268220f1498d1400e8e216": "biostratigraphers", + "57268220f1498d1400e8e217": "Geochronologists", + "57268220f1498d1400e8e218": "to provide better absolute bounds on the timing and rates of deposition", + "57268220f1498d1400e8e219": "Magnetic stratigraphers", + "572683f95951b619008f7525": "Persia", + "572683f95951b619008f7526": "Abu al-Rayhan al-Biruni", + "572683f95951b619008f7527": "Shen Kuo", + "572683f95951b619008f7528": "Ibn Sina", + "572683f95951b619008f7529": "fossil animal shells", + "57268527708984140094c8bf": "James Hutton", + "57268527708984140094c8c0": "Theory of the Earth", + "57268527708984140094c8c1": "1795", + "57268527708984140094c8c2": "the Earth must be much older", + "572686ac5951b619008f75a9": "William Maclure", + "572686ac5951b619008f75aa": "1809", + "572686ac5951b619008f75ab": "1807", + "572686ac5951b619008f75ac": "American Philosophical Society", + "572686ac5951b619008f75ad": "Observations on the Geology of the United States", + "57268882f1498d1400e8e306": "Principles of Geology", + "57268882f1498d1400e8e307": "uniformitarianism", + "57268882f1498d1400e8e308": "uniformitarianism", + "57268882f1498d1400e8e309": "catastrophism", + "57268882f1498d1400e8e30a": "Charles Darwin", + "5726d8bd708984140094d35b": "pharma", + "5726d8bd708984140094d35c": "tobacco and patent medicines", + "5726d8bd708984140094d35d": "sorcery or even poison", + "5726d8bd708984140094d35e": "outdated or only approproriate", + "5726d8bd708984140094d35f": "many other herbs not listed", + "5726d9935951b619008f7fed": "healthcare", + "5726d9935951b619008f7fee": "optimal", + "5726d9935951b619008f7fef": "drug", + "5726d9935951b619008f7ff0": "small-business proprietors", + "5726d9935951b619008f7ff1": "specialised education and training", + "5726da89dd62a815002e92b2": "other senior pharmacy technicians", + "5726da89dd62a815002e92b3": "General Pharmaceutical Council", + "5726da89dd62a815002e92b4": "regulates the practice of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians", + "5726da89dd62a815002e92b5": "health care", + "5726da89dd62a815002e92b6": "to manage the pharmacy department and specialised areas in pharmacy practice", + "5726db5add62a815002e92d4": "Diocles of Carystus", + "5726db5add62a815002e92d5": "writing a five volume book", + "5726db5add62a815002e92d6": "Materia Medica", + "5726db5add62a815002e92d7": "materia medica", + "5726db5add62a815002e92d8": "middle eastern scientists", + "5726dcbddd62a815002e9320": "highly respected", + "5726dcbddd62a815002e9321": "Taih\u014d Code", + "5726dcbddd62a815002e9322": "Meiji Restoration", + "5726dcbddd62a815002e9323": "superior", + "5726dcbddd62a815002e9324": "ranked above", + "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee04": "Middle East in botany and chemistry", + "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee05": "Muhammad ibn Zakar\u012bya R\u0101zi", + "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee06": "Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi", + "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee07": "sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate", + "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee08": "Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi", + "5726deed5951b619008f80c5": "15th century", + "5726deed5951b619008f80c6": "Florence, Italy", + "5726deed5951b619008f80c7": "a museum", + "5726deed5951b619008f80c8": "old prescription books and antique drugs", + "5726deed5951b619008f80c9": "1221", + "5726e08e5951b619008f810f": "pharmacy legislation", + "5726e08e5951b619008f8110": "compounding/dispensing medications", + "5726e08e5951b619008f8111": "automation", + "5726e08e5951b619008f8112": "patients' prescriptions and patient safety issues", + "5726e08e5951b619008f8113": "storage conditions, compulsory texts, equipment", + "5726e179dd62a815002e93ae": "hospitals", + "5726e179dd62a815002e93af": "various disciplines of pharmacy", + "5726e179dd62a815002e93b0": "specific indications, effectiveness of treatment regimens, safety of medications (i.e., drug interactions) and patient compliance issues", + "5726e179dd62a815002e93b1": "pharmacists", + "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb2": "within the premises of the hospital", + "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb3": "unit-dose, or a single dose of medicine", + "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb4": "high risk preparations and some other compounding", + "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb5": "high cost of medications and drug-related technology", + "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb6": "more specialized medications", + "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9404": "optimizes the use of medication and promotes health, wellness, and disease prevention", + "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9405": "inside hospitals and clinics", + "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9406": "physicians and other healthcare professionals", + "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9407": "patient care rounds drug product selection", + "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9408": "all health care settings", + "5726e5c95951b619008f81cb": "creating a comprehensive drug therapy plan", + "5726e5c95951b619008f81cc": "clinical pharmacist", + "5726e5c95951b619008f81cd": "drug choice, dose, route, frequency, and duration of therapy", + "5726e5c95951b619008f81ce": "potential drug interactions, adverse drug reactions, and assess patient drug allergies", + "5726e985dd62a815002e94da": "full independent prescribing authority", + "5726e985dd62a815002e94db": "North Carolina and New Mexico", + "5726e985dd62a815002e94dc": "2011", + "5726e985dd62a815002e94dd": "BCACP", + "5726e985dd62a815002e94de": "VA, the Indian Health Service, and NIH", + "5726ea985951b619008f8261": "medication regimen review", + "5726ea985951b619008f8262": "nursing homes", + "5726ea985951b619008f8263": "Omnicare, Kindred Healthcare and PharMerica", + "5726ea985951b619008f8264": "elderly people are now taking numerous medications", + "5726ea985951b619008f8265": "employ consultant pharmacists and/or provide consulting services", + "5726eb4b5951b619008f826b": "2000", + "5726eb4b5951b619008f826c": "brick-and-mortar community pharmacies", + "5726eb4b5951b619008f826d": "online pharmacies", + "5726eb4b5951b619008f826e": "more convenient and private method", + "5726eb4b5951b619008f826f": "the method by which the medications are requested and received", + "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00c": "to avoid the \"inconvenience\" of visiting a doctor or to obtain medications which their doctors were unwilling to prescribe", + "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00d": "those who feel that only doctors", + "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00e": "potentially dangerous", + "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00f": "sell prescription drugs without requiring a prescription", + "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f010": "sell prescription drugs", + "5726edecdd62a815002e957f": "it must be issued for a legitimate medical purpose by a licensed practitioner acting in the course of legitimate doctor-patient relationship", + "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05e": "the ease with which people, youth in particular, can obtain controlled substances", + "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05f": "it must be issued for a legitimate medical purpose by a licensed practitioner acting in the course of legitimate doctor-patient relationship", + "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f060": "ensure that the prescription is valid", + "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f061": "individual state laws", + "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f062": "Vicodin", + "5726f0e35951b619008f82f7": "to reduce consumer costs", + "5726f0e35951b619008f82f8": "Canada", + "5726f0e35951b619008f82f9": "international drug suppliers", + "5726f0e35951b619008f82fa": "There is no known case of any U.S. citizens buying Canadian drugs for personal use with a prescription, who has ever been charged by authorities.", + "5726f0e35951b619008f82fb": "legalize importation of medications from Canada and other countries", + "5726f2375951b619008f830f": "pharmacy practice science and applied information science", + "5726f2375951b619008f8310": "information technology departments or for healthcare information technology vendor companies", + "5726f2375951b619008f8311": "major national and international patient information projects and health system interoperability goals", + "5726f2375951b619008f8312": "medication management system development, deployment and optimization", + "5726f2375951b619008f8313": "quickly", + "5726f36cdd62a815002e95fe": "specialty drugs", + "5726f36cdd62a815002e95ff": "19 of 28", + "5726f36cdd62a815002e9600": "chronic and complex disease states such as cancer, hepatitis, and rheumatoid arthritis", + "5726f36cdd62a815002e9601": "high cost injectable, oral, infused, or inhaled", + "5726f36cdd62a815002e9602": "lab monitoring, adherence counseling", + "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0da": "separately from physicians", + "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0db": "pharmacists", + "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dc": "American Medical Association (AMA) Code of Ethics", + "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dd": "7 to 10 percent", + "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0de": "form business partnerships with physicians or give them \"kickback\" payments", + "5726f635dd62a815002e9656": "rural areas", + "5726f635dd62a815002e9657": "Austria", + "5726f635dd62a815002e9658": "1.6 kilometres", + "5726f635dd62a815002e9659": "1.6 kilometres", + "5726f7715951b619008f838d": "high risk of a conflict of interest and/or the avoidance of absolute powers", + "5726f7715951b619008f838e": "he or she can then sell more medications to the patient", + "5726f7715951b619008f838f": "checks and balances system of the U.S. and many other governments", + "5726f7715951b619008f8390": "obtaining cost-effective medication and avoiding the unnecessary use of medication that may have side-effects", + "5726f7715951b619008f8391": "sell more medications to the patient", + "5726f868dd62a815002e9684": "become more integral within the health care system", + "5726f868dd62a815002e9685": "integral within the health care system", + "5726f868dd62a815002e9686": "clinical services that pharmacists can provide for their patients", + "5726f868dd62a815002e9687": "the thorough analysis of all medication (prescription, non-prescription, and herbals", + "5726f868dd62a815002e9688": "increased patient health outcomes and decreased costs to the health care system", + "5726f96ddd62a815002e9698": "Alberta and British Columbia", + "5726f96ddd62a815002e9699": "Australian Government", + "5726f96ddd62a815002e969a": "medicine use reviews", + "5726f96ddd62a815002e969b": "pharmaceutical care or clinical pharmacy", + "5726f96ddd62a815002e969c": "Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm. D.)", + "5726fa525951b619008f83f7": "mortar and pestle and the \u211e (recipere) character", + "5726fa525951b619008f83f8": "The show globe", + "5726fa525951b619008f83f9": "Netherlands", + "5726fa525951b619008f83fa": "Germany and Austria", + "5726fa525951b619008f83fb": "France, Argentina, the United Kingdom, Belgium, Ireland, Italy, Spain, and India", + "57271c235951b619008f860b": "Civil disobedience", + "57271c235951b619008f860c": "apartheid", + "57271c235951b619008f860d": "Singing Revolution", + "57271c235951b619008f860e": "Ukraine", + "57271c235951b619008f860f": "Georgia", + "5728d4c03acd2414000dff9f": "Egyptians", + "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa0": "British occupation", + "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa1": "unfair laws", + "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa2": "unfair laws", + "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa3": "American Civil Rights Movement", + "57271f125951b619008f8635": "Antigone", + "57271f125951b619008f8636": "Oedipus", + "57271f125951b619008f8637": "Creon", + "57271f125951b619008f8638": "Antigone", + "57271f125951b619008f8639": "giving her brother Polynices a proper burial", + "5728d5793acd2414000dffb3": "Antigone", + "5728d5793acd2414000dffb4": "Sophocles", + "5728d5793acd2414000dffb5": "Oedipus", + "5728d5793acd2414000dffb6": "giving her brother Polynices a proper burial", + "5728d5793acd2414000dffb7": "defies Creon, the current King of Thebes, who is trying to stop her from giving her brother Polynices a proper burial", + "5727213c708984140094da35": "Percy Shelley", + "5727213c708984140094da36": "nonviolent", + "5727213c708984140094da37": "Henry David Thoreau", + "5727213c708984140094da38": "doctrine of Satyagraha", + "5727213c708984140094da39": "a free India", + "5728d63c4b864d1900164f18": "Percy Shelley", + "5728d63c4b864d1900164f19": "the Peterloo massacre", + "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1a": "nonviolent protest", + "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1b": "Gandhi", + "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1c": "The Mask of Anarchy", + "572726c9708984140094da7b": "muggers, arsonists, draft evaders, campaign hecklers, campus militants, anti-war demonstrators, juvenile delinquents and political assassins", + "572726c9708984140094da7c": "ambiguity", + "572726c9708984140094da7d": "utterly debased", + "572726c9708984140094da7e": "Marshall Cohen", + "5728d6f02ca10214002da90e": "utterly debased", + "5728d6f02ca10214002da90f": "Marshall Cohen", + "5728d6f02ca10214002da910": "utterly debased", + "5728d6f02ca10214002da911": "Vice President Agnew", + "5728d6f02ca10214002da912": "ambiguity", + "572807802ca10214002d9bf8": "LeGrande", + "572807802ca10214002d9bf9": "impossible", + "572807802ca10214002d9bfa": "lawful protest demonstration, nonviolent civil disobedience, and violent civil disobedience", + "572807802ca10214002d9bfb": "semantical problems", + "572807802ca10214002d9bfc": "no more (or no less) meaning", + "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4c": "LeGrande", + "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4d": "voluminous", + "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4e": "semantical problems and grammatical niceties", + "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4f": "nonviolent", + "5728d7c54b864d1900164f50": "nonviolent", + "57280f974b864d1900164370": "civil disobedience", + "57280f974b864d1900164371": "private citizen", + "57280f974b864d1900164372": "the state and its laws", + "57280f974b864d1900164373": "if the head of government of a country were to refuse to enforce a decision of that country's highest court", + "57280f974b864d1900164374": "Civil disobedience", + "5728d9403acd2414000e001b": "a citizen's relation to the state and its laws", + "5728d9403acd2414000e001c": "if the head of government of a country were to refuse to enforce a decision of that country's highest court", + "5728d9403acd2414000e001d": "the head of government of a country", + "5728d9403acd2414000e001e": "citizen", + "5728d9403acd2414000e001f": "the head of government of a country were to refuse to enforce a decision of that country's highest court", + "572812e74b864d19001643ce": "Thoreau", + "572812e74b864d19001643cf": "Resign", + "572812e74b864d19001643d0": "The majority may be powerful but it is not necessarily right", + "572812e74b864d19001643d1": "Resign", + "572812e74b864d19001643d2": "elite politicians", + "5728dafe3acd2414000e005d": "The individual", + "5728dafe3acd2414000e005e": "individuals", + "5728dafe3acd2414000e005f": "postman", + "5728dafe3acd2414000e0060": "Resign.\u201d", + "5728dafe3acd2414000e0061": "The majority may be powerful but it is not necessarily right", + "5728151b4b864d1900164428": "governmental entities", + "5728151b4b864d1900164429": "non-governmental agencies", + "5728151b4b864d190016442a": "non-governmental agencies", + "5728151b4b864d190016442b": "breaches of law in protest against international organizations and foreign governments", + "5728dc2d3acd2414000e007f": "civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities", + "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0080": "Brownlee", + "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0081": "a larger challenge to the legal system", + "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0083": "private universities", + "572818f54b864d190016446c": "civil disobedience", + "572818f54b864d190016446d": "covert lawbreaking", + "572818f54b864d190016446e": "hiding a Jew in their house", + "572818f54b864d190016446f": "Book of Exodus", + "572818f54b864d1900164470": "Shiphrah and Puah", + "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d2": "publicly announced", + "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d3": "rules that conflict with morality", + "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d4": "assisting in fabricating evidence or committing perjury", + "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d5": "Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew in their house", + "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d6": "Book of Exodus", + "57281c594b864d19001644a2": "non-violent", + "57281c594b864d19001644a3": "Black's Law Dictionary", + "57281c594b864d19001644a4": "rebellion", + "57281c594b864d19001644a5": "tolerance", + "57281c594b864d19001644a6": "non-violent", + "5728df634b864d1900164fe2": "non-violent", + "5728df634b864d1900164fe3": "non-violent", + "5728df634b864d1900164fe4": "destructive", + "5728df634b864d1900164fe6": "carefully chosen and legitimate means", + "5728202c4b864d19001644ec": "Revolutionary civil disobedience", + "5728202c4b864d19001644ed": "Hungarians", + "5728202c4b864d19001644ee": "Ferenc De\u00e1k", + "5728202c4b864d19001644ef": "Gandhi", + "5728202c4b864d19001644f0": "to exert pressure to get one's political wishes", + "5728e07e3acd2414000e00e9": "Non-revolutionary civil disobedience is a simple disobedience of laws", + "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ea": "they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort to render certain laws ineffective", + "5728e07e3acd2414000e00eb": "render certain laws ineffective", + "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ec": "Revolutionary", + "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ed": "Gandhi", + "572822233acd2414000df555": "during the Roman Empire", + "572822233acd2414000df556": "gathered in the streets", + "572822233acd2414000df557": "his arrest was not covered in any newspapers", + "572822233acd2414000df558": "higher political office", + "572822233acd2414000df559": "after the end of the Mexican War", + "5728e3c33acd2414000e0131": "during the Roman Empire", + "5728e3c33acd2414000e0132": "prevent the installation of pagan images", + "5728e3c33acd2414000e0133": "refuse to sign bail", + "5728e3c33acd2414000e0134": "jail solidarity", + "5728e3c33acd2414000e0135": "days, weeks and months", + "572825a92ca10214002d9efe": "illegal acts", + "572825a92ca10214002d9eff": "propaganda", + "572825a92ca10214002d9f00": "Voice in the Wilderness", + "572825a92ca10214002d9f01": "738 days", + "572825a92ca10214002d9f02": "preventing it from being cut down", + "5728e5224b864d1900165032": "a harassment", + "5728e5224b864d1900165033": "trespassing at a nuclear-missile installation", + "5728e5224b864d1900165034": "a harassment", + "5728e5224b864d1900165035": "social", + "5728e5224b864d1900165036": "Julia Butterfly Hill", + "5728284e3acd2414000df5cd": "allegedly sending an email to the Lebanon, New Hampshire city councilors stating, \"Wise up or die.\"", + "5728284e3acd2414000df5ce": "Wise up or die", + "5728284e3acd2414000df5cf": "pure speech", + "5728284e3acd2414000df5d0": "the 1978 Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation", + "5728284e3acd2414000df5d1": "1978", + "5728e5f43acd2414000e0171": "pure speech", + "5728e5f43acd2414000e0172": "Threatening government officials", + "5728e5f43acd2414000e0173": "Threatening government officials", + "5728e5f43acd2414000e0174": "Threatening government officials", + "57282dfb4b864d1900164668": "a system to function", + "57282dfb4b864d1900164669": "padlocking the gates and using sickles to deflate one of the large domes covering two satellite dishes", + "57282dfb4b864d190016466a": "padlocking the gates and using sickles to deflate one of the large domes covering two satellite dishes", + "57282dfb4b864d190016466b": "limited coercion", + "57282dfb4b864d190016466c": "coercive", + "5728e715ff5b5019007da914": "civil", + "5728e715ff5b5019007da916": "make it more difficult for a system to function", + "5728e715ff5b5019007da917": "to engage in moral dialogue", + "5728e715ff5b5019007da918": "illegal boycotts, refusals to pay taxes, draft dodging, distributed denial-of-service attacks, and sit-ins", + "5728e8212ca10214002daa6c": "criminal", + "5728e8212ca10214002daa6d": "the arrest", + "5728e8212ca10214002daa6e": "no useful purpose", + "5728e8212ca10214002daa6f": "a lack of understanding of the legal ramifications, or due to a fear of seeming rude", + "5728e8212ca10214002daa70": "a lack of understanding of the legal ramifications, or due to a fear of seeming rude", + "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c5": "their belief in the validity of the social contract", + "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c6": "their belief in the validity of the social contract", + "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c7": "their belief in the validity of the social contract", + "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c8": "anarchists", + "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c9": "a violation of criminal law", + "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01d9": "whether or not to plead guilty", + "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01da": "to submit to the punishment prescribed by law", + "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01db": "Yes, I committed the act of which you accuse me", + "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dc": "Guilt implies wrong-doing", + "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dd": "no contest", + "5728ec6a4b864d19001650aa": "Camp Mercury nuclear test site", + "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ab": "attempted to enter the test site knowing that they faced arrest", + "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ac": "suspended sentences", + "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ad": "nolo contendere", + "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ae": "suspended", + "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97c": "as a way of continuing their protest, as a way of reminding their countrymen of injustice", + "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97d": "continuing their protest, as a way of reminding their countrymen of injustice", + "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97e": "remaining in jail", + "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97f": "as part of a rule connected with civil disobedience", + "5728eef92ca10214002daab0": "plea bargain", + "5728eef92ca10214002daab1": "civil disobedients", + "5728eef92ca10214002daab2": "solidarity tactics", + "5728eef92ca10214002daab3": "blind", + "5728eef92ca10214002daab4": "Mohandas Gandhi", + "5728f50baf94a219006a9e55": "make a defiant speech", + "5728f50baf94a219006a9e56": "explaining their actions", + "5728f50baf94a219006a9e57": "mistreatment from government officials", + "5728f50baf94a219006a9e58": "a lack of remorse, an attempt to avoid responsibility for her actions, and even a likelihood of repeating her illegal actions", + "5728f50baf94a219006a9e59": "mistreatment", + "5728facd4b864d1900165170": "to win an acquittal and avoid imprisonment or a fine", + "5728facd4b864d1900165171": "to win an acquittal and avoid imprisonment or a fine", + "5728facd4b864d1900165172": "seek jury nullification", + "5728facd4b864d1900165173": "Vietnam War", + "5728facd4b864d1900165174": "seek jury nullification", + "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef5": "attribution", + "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef6": "neither conscientious nor of social benefit", + "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef7": "if a person violates a law in order to create a test case as to the constitutionality of a law", + "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef8": "attempts to escape punishment by committing the crime covertly and avoiding attribution, or by denying having committed the crime, or by fleeing the jurisdiction", + "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef9": "attribution", + "5728fc9e1d04691400778f11": "Indirect civil disobedience", + "5728fc9e1d04691400778f12": "direct civil disobedience", + "5728fc9e1d04691400778f13": "Vietnam War", + "5728fc9e1d04691400778f14": "necessity defense", + "5728fc9e1d04691400778f15": "prosecutors have reasoned (correctly) that if they arrest fully informed jury leafleters", + "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2b": "achieving crime control", + "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2d": "whether it would do more harm than good", + "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2e": "the state (including the judges", + "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2f": "threat of punishment", + "57273a465951b619008f86ff": "Construction", + "57273a465951b619008f8700": "manufacturing", + "57273a465951b619008f8701": "six to nine", + "57273a465951b619008f8702": "planning,[citation needed] design, and financing", + "57273a465951b619008f8703": "a known client", + "57273cca708984140094db33": "An architect", + "57273cca708984140094db34": "An architect", + "57273cca708984140094db35": "effective planning", + "57273cca708984140094db36": "megaprojects", + "57273cca708984140094db37": "Those involved with the design and execution of the infrastructure in question", + "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4fe": "buildings, infrastructure and industrial", + "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4ff": "residential and non-residential (commercial/institutional)", + "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f500": "heavy/highway, heavy civil or heavy engineering", + "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f501": "Infrastructure", + "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f502": "Industrial", + "57273e50dd62a815002e9a02": "a trade magazine for the construction industry", + "57273e50dd62a815002e9a03": "Engineering News-Record", + "57273e50dd62a815002e9a04": "2014", + "57273e50dd62a815002e9a05": "transportation, sewer, hazardous waste and water", + "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0a": "building construction, heavy and civil engineering construction, and specialty trade contractors", + "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0b": "construction service firms", + "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0c": "The Standard Industrial Classification and the newer North American Industry Classification System", + "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0d": "firms engaged in managing construction projects without assuming direct financial responsibility for completion of the construction project", + "57274046dd62a815002e9a12": "Building construction", + "57274046dd62a815002e9a13": "small renovations", + "57274046dd62a815002e9a14": "the owner of the property", + "57274046dd62a815002e9a15": "structural collapse, cost overruns, and/or litigation", + "57274046dd62a815002e9a16": "make detailed plans and maintain careful oversight during the project", + "572742bd5951b619008f8785": "local building authority regulations and codes of practice", + "572742bd5951b619008f8786": "Materials readily available in the area", + "572742bd5951b619008f8787": "waste", + "572742bd5951b619008f8788": "Cost of construction", + "572744aff1498d1400e8f588": "3D printing technology", + "572744aff1498d1400e8f589": "20 hours", + "572744aff1498d1400e8f58a": "2014", + "572744aff1498d1400e8f58b": "2 metres", + "572745c6708984140094db99": "designs", + "572745c6708984140094db9a": "plan the physical proceedings", + "572745c6708984140094db9b": "the property owner", + "572745c6708984140094db9c": "quantity surveyor", + "572745c6708984140094db9d": "the most cost efficient bidder", + "57274e0d708984140094dbe5": "previously separated specialties", + "57274e0d708984140094dbe6": "entirely separate companies", + "57274e0d708984140094dbe7": "one-stop shopping", + "57274e0d708984140094dbe8": "design build\"", + "57274e975951b619008f87f9": "design-build, partnering and construction management", + "57274e975951b619008f87fa": "architects, interior designers, engineers and constructors", + "57274e975951b619008f87fb": "establishing relationships with other necessary participants", + "57274f67708984140094dbf5": "preventable financial problems", + "57274f67708984140094dbf6": "builders ask for too little money to complete the project", + "57274f67708984140094dbf7": "when the present amount of funding cannot cover the current costs for labour and materials", + "57274f67708984140094dbf8": "Fraud", + "5727502f708984140094dc07": "Mortgage bankers, accountants, and cost engineers", + "5727502f708984140094dc08": "mortgage banker", + "5727502f708984140094dc09": "Accountants", + "5727502f708984140094dc0a": "Cost engineers and estimators", + "5727502f708984140094dc0b": "identified change orders or project changes that increased costs", + "572750e8dd62a815002e9af0": "zoning and building code requirements", + "572750e8dd62a815002e9af1": "the owner", + "572750e8dd62a815002e9af2": "desire to prevent things that are indisputably bad", + "572750e8dd62a815002e9af3": "things that are a matter of custom or expectation", + "572750e8dd62a815002e9af4": "An attorney", + "572751b4708984140094dc1b": "A construction project", + "572751b4708984140094dc1c": "A contract", + "572751b4708984140094dc1d": "a delay costs money", + "572751b4708984140094dc1e": "each side is capable of performing the obligations set out", + "572751b4708984140094dc1f": "poorly drafted contracts", + "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0e": "relationship contracting", + "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0f": "Public-Private Partnering", + "5727526cdd62a815002e9b10": "Public-Private Partnering", + "5727526cdd62a815002e9b11": "co-operation", + "572753335951b619008f8853": "the architect or engineer", + "572753335951b619008f8854": "the architect or engineer", + "572753335951b619008f8855": "the architect's client and the main contractor", + "572753335951b619008f8856": "the main contractor", + "572753335951b619008f8857": "the building is ready to occupy", + "57275411dd62a815002e9b30": "The owner", + "57275411dd62a815002e9b31": "Several D&B contractors", + "57275411dd62a815002e9b32": "The owner", + "57275411dd62a815002e9b33": "a consortium of several contractors", + "57275411dd62a815002e9b34": "they design phase 2", + "572754fff1498d1400e8f660": "contractors", + "572754fff1498d1400e8f661": "damage", + "572754fff1498d1400e8f662": "electrical, water, sewage, phone, and cable", + "572754fff1498d1400e8f663": "municipal building inspector", + "572754fff1498d1400e8f664": "an occupancy permit", + "572755b7708984140094dc4d": "$960 billion", + "572755b7708984140094dc4e": "$680 billion", + "572755b7708984140094dc4f": "667,000", + "572755b7708984140094dc50": "fewer than 10", + "572755b7708984140094dc51": "828,000", + "5727565ef1498d1400e8f674": "\u00a342,090", + "5727565ef1498d1400e8f675": "\u00a326,719", + "5727565ef1498d1400e8f676": "US/Canada", + "572756fe708984140094dc71": "Construction", + "572756fe708984140094dc72": "Falls", + "572756fe708984140094dc73": "electrocution, transportation accidents, and trench cave-ins", + "572756fe708984140094dc74": "Proper safety equipment", + "572746addd62a815002e9a5e": "independent schools", + "572746addd62a815002e9a5f": "academic scholarship", + "572746addd62a815002e9a60": "charging their students tuition", + "572746addd62a815002e9a61": "to select their students", + "57274712708984140094dbad": "$45,000", + "57274712708984140094dbae": "tuition-free", + "57274712708984140094dbaf": "Australia", + "57274712708984140094dbb0": "North America", + "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59a": "lower sixth", + "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59b": "upper sixth", + "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59c": "prep schools", + "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59d": "peer tuitions", + "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59e": "the best teachers", + "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a4": "Roman Catholic", + "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a5": "Orthodox Christians", + "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a6": "academic subjects", + "5727490bdd62a815002e9a82": "power of expulsion", + "5727490bdd62a815002e9a83": "compulsory blazer", + "5727490bdd62a815002e9a84": "more expensive", + "57274971708984140094dbbb": "Presbyterian Church", + "57274971708984140094dbbc": "Catholic", + "57274971708984140094dbbd": "Sydney", + "57274971708984140094dbbe": "girls", + "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9a": "Article 7, Paragraph 4", + "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9b": "Gleichschaltung", + "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9c": "7.8%", + "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9d": "11.1%", + "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9e": "6.1%", + "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bc": "Sonderungsverbot", + "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bd": "Ersatzschulen", + "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5be": "very low tuition fees", + "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d4": "Erg\u00e4nzungsschulen", + "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d5": "vocational schools", + "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d6": "by charging their students tuition fees", + "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d7": "religious groups", + "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e4": "independent schools", + "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e5": "CBSE", + "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e6": "30", + "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e7": "union government", + "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa4": "societies", + "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa5": "India", + "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa6": "Annual Status of Education Report", + "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa7": "evaluates learning levels in rural India", + "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa8": "English", + "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aae": "scoil phr\u00edobh\u00e1ideach", + "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aaf": "unusual because a certain number of teacher's salaries are paid by the State", + "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab0": "\u20ac5,000", + "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab1": "Society of Jesus", + "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab2": "\u20ac25,000 per year", + "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f6": "1957", + "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f7": "English", + "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f8": "English", + "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f9": "National School system", + "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5fa": "Over 60", + "57274e145951b619008f87e7": "aided' schools", + "57274e145951b619008f87e8": "fully funded by private parties", + "57274e145951b619008f87e9": "Kathmandu", + "57274e145951b619008f87ea": "English", + "57274e145951b619008f87eb": "Nepali", + "57274eca5951b619008f87ff": "88", + "57274eca5951b619008f8800": "28,000", + "57274eca5951b619008f8801": "3.7%", + "57274eca5951b619008f8802": "Catholic", + "57274eca5951b619008f8803": "Auckland", + "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61e": "Anglican", + "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61f": "Wellington", + "57274f49f1498d1400e8f620": "Presbyterian", + "57274f49f1498d1400e8f621": "Christchurch", + "57274f49f1498d1400e8f622": "Catholic schismatic group", + "5727500f708984140094dbfd": "7.5%", + "5727500f708984140094dbfe": "32%", + "5727500f708984140094dbff": "80%", + "5727500f708984140094dc00": "August 1992", + "5727500f708984140094dc01": "natural science", + "572750df5951b619008f882f": "Education Service Contracting scheme", + "572750df5951b619008f8830": "Tuition Fee Supplement", + "572750df5951b619008f8831": "Private Education Student Financial Assistance", + "5727515f708984140094dc11": "South African Schools Act of 1996", + "5727515f708984140094dc12": "1996", + "5727515f708984140094dc13": "independent", + "5727515f708984140094dc14": "traditional private schools", + "5727515f708984140094dc15": "nineteenth", + "57275409708984140094dc35": "state-controlled", + "57275409708984140094dc36": "better", + "57275409708984140094dc37": "much higher school fees", + "572754dd708984140094dc3b": "10%", + "572754dd708984140094dc3c": "10,000", + "572754dd708984140094dc3d": "700", + "572754dd708984140094dc3e": "The Knowledge School", + "572754dd708984140094dc3f": "school voucher model", + "572756265951b619008f886d": "13", + "572756265951b619008f886e": "public schools", + "572756265951b619008f886f": "9", + "572756265951b619008f8870": "13", + "572756265951b619008f8871": "\u00a327,000+", + "572757bef1498d1400e8f690": "Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka", + "572757bef1498d1400e8f691": "segregation academies", + "572757bef1498d1400e8f692": "South", + "572757bef1498d1400e8f693": "white", + "572757bef1498d1400e8f694": "African-American", + "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6ae": "religious organizations or private individuals", + "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6af": "First Amendment", + "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b0": "Blaine Amendments", + "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b1": "charter", + "572759665951b619008f8883": "Massachusetts", + "572759665951b619008f8884": "1852", + "572759665951b619008f8885": "1972", + "572759665951b619008f8886": "268 U.S. 510", + "572759665951b619008f8887": "Wisconsin", + "572759dbdd62a815002e9b94": "$40,000", + "572759dbdd62a815002e9b95": "$50,000", + "572759dbdd62a815002e9b96": "Groton School", + "572759dbdd62a815002e9b97": "fundraising drives", + "5727aa413acd2414000de921": "John Harvard", + "5727aa413acd2414000de922": "1977", + "5727aa413acd2414000de923": "James Bryant Conant", + "5727aa413acd2414000de924": "Association of American Universities", + "5727aa413acd2414000de925": "Charles W. Eliot", + "5727aeac3acd2414000de987": "Harvard Library", + "5727aeac3acd2414000de988": "79", + "5727aeac3acd2414000de989": "over 18 million", + "5727aeac3acd2414000de98a": "eight", + "5727aeac3acd2414000de98b": "150", + "5727aec03acd2414000de991": "Boston", + "5727aec03acd2414000de992": "$37.6 billion", + "5727aec03acd2414000de993": "Charles River", + "5727aec03acd2414000de994": "eleven", + "5727aec03acd2414000de995": "Harvard Yard", + "5727afa82ca10214002d93c2": "1636", + "5727afa82ca10214002d93c3": "vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony", + "5727afa82ca10214002d93c4": "1638", + "5727afa82ca10214002d93c5": "1639", + "5727afa82ca10214002d93c6": "1650", + "5727b0892ca10214002d93e8": "Puritan", + "5727b0892ca10214002d93e9": "English university", + "5727b0892ca10214002d93ea": "It was never affiliated with any particular denomination", + "5727b8df3acd2414000dea99": "1804", + "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9a": "Samuel Webber", + "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9b": "1805", + "5727c0402ca10214002d9564": "Louis Agassiz", + "5727c0402ca10214002d9565": "intuition", + "5727c0402ca10214002d9566": "Thomas Reid and Dugald Stewart", + "5727c3b02ca10214002d95ba": "Charles W. Eliot", + "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bb": "Transcendentalist Unitarian convictions", + "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bc": "William Ellery Channing and Ralph Waldo Emerson", + "5727c55bff5b5019007d94ce": "James Bryant Conant", + "5727c55bff5b5019007d94cf": "Conant devised programs", + "5727c55bff5b5019007d94d0": "1945", + "5727c69d3acd2414000dec13": "four", + "5727c69d3acd2414000dec14": "1977", + "5727c69d3acd2414000dec15": "steadily increased", + "5727c8863acd2414000dec49": "3 miles (5 km) west-northwest", + "5727c8863acd2414000dec4a": "twelve", + "5727c8863acd2414000dec4b": "Charles River", + "5727c8863acd2414000dec4c": "half a mile", + "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9576": "a 358-acre (145 ha) campus opposite the Cambridge campus in Allston", + "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9577": "John W. Weeks Bridge", + "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9578": "Longwood Medical and Academic Area", + "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d72": "fifty percent", + "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d73": "new and enlarged bridges, a shuttle service and/or a tram", + "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d74": "enhanced transit infrastructure, possible shuttles open to the public, and park space which will also be publicly accessible", + "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f0": "2,400", + "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f1": "7,200", + "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f2": "14,000", + "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f3": "1875", + "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f4": "1858", + "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c4": "$32 billion", + "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c5": "30%", + "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c6": "Allston Science Complex", + "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c7": "$4.093 million", + "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c8": "$159 million", + "5727d0f73acd2414000ded13": "late 1980s", + "5727d0f73acd2414000ded14": "Duke Kent-Brown", + "5727d0f73acd2414000ded15": "$230 million", + "5727d1c93acd2414000ded3f": "5.3%", + "5727d1c93acd2414000ded40": "2007", + "5727d1c93acd2414000ded41": "the program was believed to disadvantage low-income and under-represented minority applicants applying to selective universities", + "5727d1c93acd2414000ded42": "2016", + "5727d3843acd2414000ded69": "seven", + "5727d3843acd2414000ded6a": "eight", + "5727d3843acd2414000ded6b": "reliance on teaching fellows", + "5727d4922ca10214002d977c": "mid-May", + "5727d4922ca10214002d977d": "four", + "5727d4922ca10214002d977e": "degrees summa cum laude", + "5727d4922ca10214002d977f": "60%", + "5727d6154b864d1900163e34": "$38,000", + "5727d6154b864d1900163e35": "$57,000", + "5727d6154b864d1900163e36": "a few thousand dollars per year", + "5727d6154b864d1900163e37": "$414 million", + "5727d6154b864d1900163e38": "88%", + "5727d6faff5b5019007d969a": "Widener Library", + "5727d6faff5b5019007d969b": "over 18 million", + "5727d6faff5b5019007d969c": "Cabot Science Library, Lamont Library, and Widener Library", + "5727d6faff5b5019007d969d": "Pusey Library", + "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5e": "three", + "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5f": "Western art from the Middle Ages to the present emphasizing Italian early Renaissance, British pre-Raphaelite, and 19th-century French art", + "5727d88b4b864d1900163e60": "Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology", + "5727d9c43acd2414000dee17": "2003", + "5727d9c43acd2414000dee18": "2011", + "5727d9c43acd2414000dee19": "second most commonly named \"dream college\", both for students and parents in 2013", + "5727da564b864d1900163e8e": "42", + "5727da564b864d1900163e8f": "Yale University", + "5727da564b864d1900163e90": "every two years", + "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fc": "1903", + "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fd": "1903", + "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fe": "1906", + "5727db85ff5b5019007d96ff": "Yale", + "5727dc473acd2414000dee43": "Lavietes Pavilion, a multi-purpose arena and home to the Harvard basketball teams. The Malkin Athletic Center", + "5727dc473acd2414000dee44": "Malkin Athletic Center", + "5727dc473acd2414000dee45": "three", + "5727dd2e4b864d1900163eba": "23", + "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebb": "Thames River", + "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebc": "Cornell", + "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebd": "2003", + "5727de862ca10214002d9860": "Ban Ki-moon", + "5727de862ca10214002d9861": "Puntland Abdiweli Mohamed Ali", + "5727de862ca10214002d9862": "Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Figueres", + "5727de862ca10214002d9863": "former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto", + "5727e0474b864d1900163f08": "Conan O'Brien", + "5727e0474b864d1900163f09": "Leonard Bernstein", + "5727e0474b864d1900163f0a": "Yo Yo Ma", + "5727e0474b864d1900163f0b": "W. E. B. Du Bois", + "5727e21e4b864d1900163f34": "Shing-Tung Yau", + "5727e21e4b864d1900163f35": "Alan Dershowitz and Lawrence Lessig", + "5727e21e4b864d1900163f36": "Stephen Greenblatt", + "5727c94bff5b5019007d954a": "Jacksonville", + "5727c94bff5b5019007d954b": "1,345,596", + "5727c94bff5b5019007d954c": "12th", + "5727c94bff5b5019007d954d": "Duval County", + "5727c94bff5b5019007d954e": "1968", + "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9676": "St. Johns River", + "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9677": "340 miles", + "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9678": "Fort Caroline", + "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9679": "Timucua", + "5727cb4b2ca10214002d967a": "Andrew Jackson", + "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958e": "third largest", + "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958f": "golf", + "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9590": "two", + "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9591": "Jacksonvillians", + "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bec": "thousands", + "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bed": "University of North Florida team", + "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bee": "Mocama", + "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bef": "the historical era", + "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bf0": "Ossachite", + "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c26": "Jean Ribault", + "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c27": "France", + "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c28": "Pedro Men\u00e9ndez de Avil\u00e9s", + "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c29": "fort San Mateo", + "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c2a": "Fort Caroline", + "572810ec2ca10214002d9d06": "French and Indian War", + "572810ec2ca10214002d9d07": "constructed the King's Road connecting St. Augustine to Georgia", + "572810ec2ca10214002d9d08": "cattle were brought across the river", + "572810ec2ca10214002d9d09": "Britain", + "572810ec2ca10214002d9d0a": "February 9, 1832", + "5728128cff5b5019007d9c76": "Confederate", + "5728128cff5b5019007d9c77": "Battle of Olustee", + "5728128cff5b5019007d9c78": "Battle of Olustee", + "5728128cff5b5019007d9c79": "Warfare and the long occupation", + "5728128cff5b5019007d9c7a": "1864", + "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbc": "Reconstruction and the Gilded Age", + "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbd": "Grover Cleveland", + "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbe": "yellow fever outbreaks", + "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbf": "extension of the Florida East Coast Railway", + "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cc0": "railroad", + "5728170d3acd2414000df443": "Spanish moss", + "5728170d3acd2414000df444": "over 2,000", + "5728170d3acd2414000df445": "declare martial law", + "5728170d3acd2414000df446": "Great Fire of 1901", + "57281940ff5b5019007d9d44": "New York\u2013based filmmakers", + "57281940ff5b5019007d9d45": "silent", + "57281940ff5b5019007d9d46": "Winter Film Capital of the World", + "57281940ff5b5019007d9d47": "the emergence of Hollywood", + "57281ab63acd2414000df493": "construction of highways", + "57281ab63acd2414000df494": "55.1%", + "57281ab63acd2414000df495": "white flight", + "57281ab63acd2414000df496": "Mayor W. Haydon Burns", + "57281ab63acd2414000df497": "World War II", + "57281bb84b864d190016449a": "Much of the city's tax base dissipated", + "57281bb84b864d190016449b": "unincorporated suburbs", + "57281bb84b864d190016449c": "annexing outlying communities", + "57281bb84b864d190016449d": "Voters outside the city limits", + "57281d494b864d19001644be": "through the traditional old boy network", + "57281d494b864d19001644bf": "11", + "57281d494b864d19001644c0": "Jacksonville Consolidation", + "57281d494b864d19001644c1": "all 15 of Duval County's public high schools lost their accreditation", + "57281edd3acd2414000df4eb": "voters approved the plan", + "57281edd3acd2414000df4ec": "Hans Tanzler", + "57281edd3acd2414000df4ed": "Bold New City of the South", + "57281edd3acd2414000df4ee": "The Better Jacksonville Plan", + "57281edd3acd2414000df4ef": "a half-penny sales tax", + "572820512ca10214002d9e72": "874.3 square miles", + "572820512ca10214002d9e73": "St. Johns River", + "572820512ca10214002d9e74": "Trout River", + "572820512ca10214002d9e75": "13.34%", + "572820512ca10214002d9e76": "Baldwin", + "572821274b864d1900164510": "tallest", + "572821274b864d1900164511": "the Barnett Center", + "572821274b864d1900164512": "617 ft", + "572821274b864d1900164513": "28", + "572821274b864d1900164514": "flared base", + "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc4": "humid subtropical", + "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc5": "May through September", + "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc6": "mild and sunny", + "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc7": "low latitude", + "57282358ff5b5019007d9dde": "104 \u00b0F", + "57282358ff5b5019007d9ddf": "thunderstorms", + "57282358ff5b5019007d9de0": "extremely high humidity", + "57282358ff5b5019007d9de1": "January", + "572824f13acd2414000df58f": "Hurricane Dora", + "572824f13acd2414000df590": "110 mph", + "572824f13acd2414000df591": "Beryl", + "572824f13acd2414000df592": "Saffir-Simpson", + "572824f13acd2414000df593": "2008", + "572826634b864d19001645be": "Arab", + "572826634b864d19001645bf": "821,784", + "572826634b864d19001645c0": "twelfth", + "572826634b864d19001645c1": "Filipino", + "572827fc3acd2414000df5bb": "29.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older", + "572827fc3acd2414000df5bc": "23.9%", + "572827fc3acd2414000df5bd": "94.1 males", + "572827fc3acd2414000df5be": "91.3", + "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ee": "40%", + "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ef": "3.5 billion", + "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f0": "$759,900", + "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f1": "the methodology used", + "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f2": "on the basis of the methodology used", + "5729d36b1d04691400779607": "40%", + "5729d36b1d04691400779608": "financial assets", + "5729d36b1d04691400779609": "$41 trillion", + "5729d36b1d0469140077960a": "more than half", + "5729d36b1d0469140077960b": "a greater tendency to take on debts", + "5727e8424b864d1900163fc0": "top 400", + "5727e8424b864d1900163fc1": "New York Times", + "5727e8424b864d1900163fc2": "Inherited wealth", + "5727e8424b864d1900163fc3": "Inherited wealth", + "5729d44b1d04691400779611": "wealth", + "5729d44b1d04691400779612": "the \"richest 1 percent", + "5729d44b1d04691400779613": "Inherited wealth", + "5729d44b1d04691400779614": "over 60 percent", + "5729d44b1d04691400779615": "Institute for Policy Studies", + "5727e9523acd2414000def95": "Neoclassical economics", + "5727e9523acd2414000def96": "productivity gap between highly-paid professions and lower-paid professions", + "5727e9523acd2414000def97": "differences in value added by different classifications of workers", + "5727e9523acd2414000def98": "productivity gap", + "5727e9523acd2414000def99": "inequality is a reflection of the productivity gap", + "5729d51d3f37b3190047858f": "differences in value added by labor, capital and land", + "5729d51d3f37b31900478590": "value added by different classifications of workers", + "5729d51d3f37b31900478591": "wages and profits", + "5729d51d3f37b31900478592": "worker, capitalist/business owner, landlord", + "5729d51d3f37b31900478593": "productivity gap between highly-paid professions and lower-paid professions", + "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986e": "substitute capital equipment", + "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986f": "stagnant wages", + "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9870": "downward pressure on wages", + "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9871": "stagnant wages", + "5729d609af94a219006aa661": "labor inputs", + "5729d609af94a219006aa662": "competitive pressure to reduce costs and maximize profits", + "5729d609af94a219006aa663": "increasingly substitute capital equipment for labor inputs", + "5729d609af94a219006aa664": "productivity", + "5729d609af94a219006aa665": "relatively stagnant", + "5727ec062ca10214002d99b6": "wages", + "5727ec062ca10214002d99b7": "law of supply and demand", + "5727ec062ca10214002d99b8": "chronically understaffed", + "5727ec062ca10214002d99b9": "offering a higher wage the best of their labor", + "5727ec062ca10214002d99ba": "unfair", + "5729d878af94a219006aa66b": "the market", + "5729d878af94a219006aa66c": "prices", + "5729d878af94a219006aa66d": "wages", + "5729d878af94a219006aa66e": "markets", + "5729d878af94a219006aa66f": "high levels of inequality", + "5727ed2e3acd2414000df001": "Competition amongst employers", + "5727ed2e3acd2414000df002": "low demand) will result in a low wage", + "5727ed2e3acd2414000df003": "high wages", + "5727ed2e3acd2414000df004": "limit the supply of workers", + "5727ed2e3acd2414000df005": "Professional and labor organizations", + "5729da0faf94a219006aa675": "a low wage", + "5729da0faf94a219006aa676": "competition between workers", + "5729da0faf94a219006aa677": "expendable nature of the worker in relation to his or her particular job", + "5729da0faf94a219006aa678": "high", + "5729da0faf94a219006aa679": "employers for employees", + "5727ee372ca10214002d99ec": "entrepreneurship rates", + "5727ee372ca10214002d99ed": "self-employment", + "5727ee372ca10214002d99ee": "push", + "5727ee372ca10214002d99ef": "achievement-oriented motivations", + "5727ee372ca10214002d99f0": "entrepreneurialism", + "5729de24af94a219006aa689": "higher economic inequality", + "5729de24af94a219006aa68a": "necessity", + "5729de24af94a219006aa68b": "Necessity-based", + "5729de24af94a219006aa68c": "achievement-oriented motivations (\"pull\") such as vocation", + "5729de24af94a219006aa68d": "redistributive while the latter is expected to foster technological progress and thus have a more positive", + "5727ef664b864d1900164060": "A progressive tax", + "5727ef664b864d1900164061": "top tax rate", + "5727ef664b864d1900164062": "steeper tax progressivity", + "5727ef664b864d1900164063": "progressive tax system", + "5729e02f1d04691400779639": "tax rate", + "5729e02f1d0469140077963a": "the level of the top tax rate", + "5729e02f1d0469140077963b": "steeper tax progressivity applied to social spending", + "5729e02f1d0469140077963c": "Gini index", + "5727f05b4b864d1900164068": "Education", + "5727f05b4b864d1900164069": "education", + "5727f05b4b864d190016406a": "lower incomes", + "5727f05b4b864d190016406b": "poor", + "5727f05b4b864d190016406c": "aggregate savings and investment", + "5729e1101d04691400779641": "variation in individuals' access to education", + "5729e1101d04691400779642": "high wages", + "5729e1101d04691400779643": "lower", + "5729e1101d04691400779644": "lower incomes", + "5729e1101d04691400779645": "education", + "5727f16c3acd2414000df05b": "increasing access to education", + "5727f16c3acd2414000df05c": "$105 billion", + "5727f16c3acd2414000df05d": "boom-and-bust cycles", + "5727f16c3acd2414000df05e": "economists with the Standard & Poor's rating agency", + "5729e1e36aef0514001550ba": "2014", + "5729e1e36aef0514001550bb": "2008-2009 recession", + "5729e1e36aef0514001550bc": "increasing access to education", + "5729e1e36aef0514001550bd": "$105 billion", + "5729e1e36aef0514001550be": "boom-and-bust cycles", + "5727f2714b864d1900164072": "1910\u20131940", + "5727f2714b864d1900164073": "decrease in the price of skilled labor", + "5727f2714b864d1900164074": "decrease", + "5727f2714b864d1900164075": "low economic growth", + "5727f2714b864d1900164076": "decrease in wages", + "5729e2b76aef0514001550ce": "1910\u20131940", + "5729e2b76aef0514001550cf": "a decrease in the price of skilled labor", + "5729e2b76aef0514001550d0": "differs from the present high school education, which is regarded as a stepping-stone to acquire college and advanced degrees", + "5729e2b76aef0514001550d1": "Education", + "5729e2b76aef0514001550d2": "gender inequality in education can result to low economic growth, and continued gender inequality in education", + "5727f6723acd2414000df0e7": "union membership", + "5727f6723acd2414000df0e8": "continental European", + "5727f6723acd2414000df0e9": "Anglo-American liberal policies", + "5727f6723acd2414000df0ea": "little", + "5729e38daf94a219006aa69d": "economic inequality", + "5729e38daf94a219006aa69e": "social exclusion", + "5729e38daf94a219006aa69f": "the CEPR", + "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a0": "little", + "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a1": "lower", + "5727f7523acd2414000df10d": "Scandinavia", + "5727f7523acd2414000df10e": "high inequality", + "5727f7523acd2414000df10f": "the decline of organized labor", + "5727f7523acd2414000df110": "organized labor", + "5729e4291d04691400779651": "Sociologist", + "5729e4291d04691400779652": "University of Washington", + "5729e4291d04691400779653": "the decline of organized labor", + "5729e4291d04691400779654": "high", + "5729e4291d04691400779655": "weak labor movements", + "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a18": "reduced wages", + "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a19": "reduced wages", + "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1a": "trade liberalisation", + "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1b": "machine labor", + "5729f1283f37b319004785d7": "a global", + "5729f1283f37b319004785d8": "low-skilled workers", + "5729f1283f37b319004785d9": "trade liberalisation", + "5729f1283f37b319004785da": "minor", + "5729f1283f37b319004785db": "machine labor", + "5727fd123acd2414000df185": "53%", + "5727fd123acd2414000df186": "-40%", + "5727fd123acd2414000df187": "there is still a difference in earnings between women and men", + "5727fd123acd2414000df188": "males", + "5729f1c13f37b319004785e7": "Gender", + "5729f1c13f37b319004785e8": "males", + "5729f1c13f37b319004785e9": "women", + "5729f1c13f37b319004785ea": "Thomas Sowell", + "5729f1c13f37b319004785eb": "a difference", + "5727ff083acd2414000df1ab": "social welfare programs", + "5727ff083acd2414000df1ac": "lower", + "5727ff083acd2414000df1ad": "it acquires more capital", + "5727ff083acd2414000df1ae": "redistribution mechanisms", + "5729f24baf94a219006aa6dd": "Economist", + "5729f24baf94a219006aa6de": "levels of economic inequality", + "5729f24baf94a219006aa6df": "more capital", + "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e0": "more wealth and income", + "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e1": "lower levels of inequality", + "57287b322ca10214002da3be": "1910 to 1940", + "57287b322ca10214002da3bf": "after the 1970s", + "57287b322ca10214002da3c0": "service", + "57287b322ca10214002da3c1": "service", + "5729f3883f37b319004785f1": "Kuznets", + "5729f3883f37b319004785f2": "Kuznets curve", + "5729f3883f37b319004785f3": "very weak", + "5729f3883f37b319004785f4": "decrease", + "5729f3883f37b319004785f5": "the move from the manufacturing sector to the service sector", + "57287c2bff5b5019007da26c": "Wealth concentration", + "57287c2bff5b5019007da26d": "beneficiaries", + "57287c2bff5b5019007da26e": "wealth condensation", + "57287c2bff5b5019007da26f": "return of capital (r) than economic growth", + "5729f4273f37b319004785fb": "in the possession of already-wealthy individuals or entities", + "5729f4273f37b319004785fc": "those who already hold wealth", + "5729f4273f37b319004785fd": "wealth condensation", + "5729f4273f37b319004785fe": "Thomas Piketty", + "5729f4273f37b319004785ff": "higher returns", + "5729f4e46aef051400155156": "Economist", + "5729f4e46aef051400155157": "market forces", + "5729f4e46aef051400155158": "rare and desired", + "5729f4e46aef051400155159": "political power", + "5729f4e46aef05140015515a": "rent-seeking", + "5729f60caf94a219006aa6ef": "inequality", + "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f0": "human capital is neglected", + "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f1": "life expectancy", + "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f2": "inequality", + "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f3": "lower", + "572a05eb3f37b31900478653": "2013", + "572a05eb3f37b31900478654": "rising inequality", + "572a05eb3f37b31900478655": "negative", + "572a05eb3f37b31900478656": "Unemployment", + "572a05eb3f37b31900478657": "economic", + "572a06866aef0514001551be": "British", + "572a06866aef0514001551bf": "higher", + "572a06866aef0514001551c0": "lower", + "572a06866aef0514001551c1": "equality", + "572a06866aef0514001551c2": "23", + "572a070c6aef0514001551c8": "better health and longer lives", + "572a070c6aef0514001551c9": "among poorer countries", + "572a070c6aef0514001551ca": "life expectancy", + "572a070c6aef0514001551cb": "Americans", + "572a070c6aef0514001551cc": "more equally distributed", + "572a07a86aef0514001551d2": "income inequality", + "572a07a86aef0514001551d3": "Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett", + "572a07a86aef0514001551d4": "nine", + "572a07a86aef0514001551d5": "countries with bigger income inequalities", + "572a07a86aef0514001551d6": "greater equality", + "572a0a391d046914007796df": "inequality", + "572a0a391d046914007796e0": "homicides", + "572a0a391d046914007796e1": "fifty", + "572a0a391d046914007796e2": "tenfold", + "572a0a391d046914007796e3": "differences in the amount of inequality in each province or state", + "572a0bafaf94a219006aa765": "good", + "572a0bafaf94a219006aa766": "distributive efficiency", + "572a0bafaf94a219006aa767": "a great deal of utility", + "572a0bafaf94a219006aa768": "decreases", + "572a0bafaf94a219006aa769": "higher aggregate utility", + "572a0c541d046914007796f3": "consumption", + "572a0c541d046914007796f4": "libertarian", + "572a0c541d046914007796f5": "2001", + "572a0c541d046914007796f6": "Thomas B. Edsall", + "572a0c541d046914007796f7": "journalist", + "572a0d21af94a219006aa783": "Central Banking economist", + "572a0d21af94a219006aa784": "systematic economic inequalities", + "572a0d21af94a219006aa785": "Financial crisis of 2007\u201308", + "572a0d21af94a219006aa786": "easier credit", + "572a0d21af94a219006aa787": "unsustainable monetary stimulation", + "572a0e0e1d04691400779707": "inequality in wealth and income", + "572a0e0e1d04691400779708": "the quality of a country's institutions and high levels of education", + "572a0e0e1d04691400779709": "declines", + "572a0e0e1d0469140077970a": "higher GDP growth", + "572a0e0e1d0469140077970b": "The poor and the middle class", + "572a0ecb1d04691400779717": "economists", + "572a0ecb1d04691400779718": "economic growth", + "572a0ecb1d04691400779719": "subsequent long-run economic growth", + "572a0ecb1d0469140077971a": "it is a waste of resources", + "572a0ecb1d0469140077971b": "inequality-associated effects", + "572a1046af94a219006aa78d": "evidence", + "572a1046af94a219006aa78e": "limiting aggregate demand", + "572a1046af94a219006aa78f": "Economist", + "572a1046af94a219006aa790": "increasing importance of human capital in development", + "572a1046af94a219006aa791": "widespread education", + "572a11663f37b31900478693": "1993", + "572a11663f37b31900478694": "detrimental", + "572a11663f37b31900478695": "the channels through which inequality may affect economic growth", + "572a11663f37b31900478696": "redistributive taxation", + "572a11663f37b31900478697": "politically and socially unstable", + "572a12381d0469140077972b": "Harvard", + "572a12381d0469140077972c": "growth and investment", + "572a12381d0469140077972d": "reduce", + "572a12381d0469140077972e": "encourage", + "572a12381d0469140077972f": "between 1960 and 2000", + "572a13841d0469140077973b": "the Kuznets curve hypothesis", + "572a13841d0469140077973c": "increases", + "572a13841d0469140077973d": "Economist Thomas Piketty", + "572a13841d0469140077973e": "Economist", + "572a13841d0469140077973f": "wars and \"violent economic and political shocks", + "572a18a4af94a219006aa7df": "1970s", + "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e0": "reduced consumer demand", + "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e1": "risen with increased income inequality", + "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e2": "several years", + "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e3": "more equality in the income distribution", + "572a1a5c6aef051400155284": "special efforts", + "572a1a5c6aef051400155285": "the existing level of inequality", + "572a1a5c6aef051400155286": "the same reduction", + "572a1a5c6aef051400155287": "United Nations", + "572a1a5c6aef051400155288": "reducing poverty", + "572a1ba46aef05140015528e": "land and housing", + "572a1ba46aef05140015528f": "through various associations and other arrangements", + "572a1ba46aef051400155290": "extra-legal", + "572a1ba46aef051400155291": "200", + "572a1ba46aef051400155292": "government land", + "572a1c943f37b319004786e1": "affordable housing", + "572a1c943f37b319004786e2": "quality rental units", + "572a1c943f37b319004786e3": "demand for higher quality housing increased", + "572a1c943f37b319004786e4": "gentrification of older neighbourhoods", + "572a1c943f37b319004786e5": "ad valorem property tax policy", + "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f5": "by everyone", + "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f6": "their finances", + "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f7": "aspirational consumption", + "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f8": "taking on debt", + "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f9": "economic instability", + "572a1f086aef0514001552c0": "The smaller the economic inequality, the more waste and pollution is created", + "572a1f086aef0514001552c1": "environmental degradation", + "572a1f086aef0514001552c2": "environmental degradation", + "572a1f086aef0514001552c3": "corrected", + "572a1fe16aef0514001552d0": "private ownership of the means of production by a class of owners", + "572a1fe16aef0514001552d1": "a small portion of the population lives off unearned property income", + "572a1fe16aef0514001552d2": "a wage or salary", + "572a1fe16aef0514001552d3": "socially", + "572a1fe16aef0514001552d4": "reflective", + "572a20816aef0514001552e4": "Robert Nozick", + "572a20816aef0514001552e5": "taxation", + "572a20816aef0514001552e6": "force", + "572a20816aef0514001552e7": "forceful taking of property", + "572a20816aef0514001552e8": "when they improve society as a whole", + "572a213e6aef0514001552ee": "capability deprivation", + "572a213e6aef0514001552ef": "the end itself", + "572a213e6aef0514001552f0": "to \u201cwid[en] people\u2019s choices and the level of their achieved well-being\u201d", + "572a213e6aef0514001552f1": "through increasing functionings", + "572a213e6aef0514001552f2": "the ability to pursue valued goals", + "572a2224af94a219006aa823": "they are in some way deprived of earning as much income as they would otherwise", + "572a2224af94a219006aa824": "earn as much as a healthy young man", + "572a2224af94a219006aa825": "gender roles and customs", + "572a2224af94a219006aa826": "for fear of their lives", + "572a2224af94a219006aa827": "a better relevant income", + "57283c464b864d19001647c8": "private research", + "57283c464b864d19001647c9": "1890", + "57283c464b864d19001647ca": "seven", + "57283c464b864d19001647cb": "four", + "57283c464b864d19001647cc": "5,000", + "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbc": "various academic disciplines", + "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbd": "Chicago's physics department", + "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbe": "beneath the university's Stagg Field", + "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbf": "University of Chicago Press", + "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fc0": "2020", + "57283f014b864d19001647e8": "American Baptist Education Society", + "57283f014b864d19001647e9": "John D. Rockefeller", + "57283f014b864d19001647ea": "William Rainey Harper", + "57283f014b864d19001647eb": "1891", + "57283f014b864d19001647ec": "1892", + "57284142ff5b5019007da00a": "Marshall Field", + "57284142ff5b5019007da00b": "Silas B. Cobb", + "57284142ff5b5019007da00c": "Cobb Lecture Hall", + "57284142ff5b5019007da00d": "$100,000", + "57284142ff5b5019007da00e": "Charles L. Hutchinson", + "572843304b864d1900164848": "Shimer College", + "572843304b864d1900164849": "1896", + "572843304b864d190016484a": "took twelve weeks additional study at the University of Chicago", + "572843304b864d190016484b": "Several University of Chicago professors", + "572843304b864d190016484c": "1910", + "57284456ff5b5019007da05c": "Robert Maynard Hutchins", + "57284456ff5b5019007da05d": "1929", + "57284456ff5b5019007da05e": "24-year", + "57284456ff5b5019007da05f": "to emphasize academics over athletics", + "57284456ff5b5019007da060": "Common Core", + "57284618ff5b5019007da0a8": "1950s", + "57284618ff5b5019007da0a9": "increasing crime and poverty in the Hyde Park neighborhood", + "57284618ff5b5019007da0aa": "after their second year", + "57284618ff5b5019007da0ab": "Hyde Park neighborhood. In response, the university became a major sponsor of a controversial urban renewal project for Hyde Park", + "57284618ff5b5019007da0ac": "allowed very young students to attend college", + "572847ff3acd2414000df869": "1962", + "572847ff3acd2414000df86a": "the university's off-campus rental policies", + "572847ff3acd2414000df86b": "1967", + "572847ff3acd2414000df86c": "two", + "572847ff3acd2414000df86d": "social and political action", + "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f2": "mid-2000s", + "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f3": "Milton Friedman Institute", + "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f4": "$200 million", + "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f5": "Chicago Theological Seminary", + "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f6": "David G. Booth", + "57284b904b864d19001648e2": "Main Quadrangles", + "57284b904b864d19001648e3": "six", + "57284b904b864d19001648e4": "Henry Ives Cobb", + "57284b904b864d19001648e5": "Magdalen Tower", + "57284b904b864d19001648e6": "Christ Church Hall", + "57284d484b864d1900164900": "1940s", + "57284d484b864d1900164901": "Eero Saarinen", + "57284d484b864d1900164902": "School of Social Service", + "57284d484b864d1900164903": "Harris School of Public Policy Studies", + "57284d484b864d1900164904": "2003", + "57284e9fff5b5019007da150": "Singapore, London, and the downtown Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago", + "57284e9fff5b5019007da151": "the Seine", + "57284e9fff5b5019007da152": "2010", + "57284e9fff5b5019007da153": "Renmin University", + "57284e9fff5b5019007da154": "2015", + "5728501aff5b5019007da166": "a board of trustees", + "5728501aff5b5019007da167": "50", + "5728501aff5b5019007da168": "fourteen", + "5728501aff5b5019007da169": "Andrew Alper", + "5728501aff5b5019007da16a": "Daniel Diermeier", + "5728510f4b864d1900164936": "Higher Learning Commission", + "5728510f4b864d1900164937": "four", + "5728510f4b864d1900164938": "seven", + "57285213ff5b5019007da180": "50", + "57285213ff5b5019007da181": "28", + "57285213ff5b5019007da182": "five", + "57285213ff5b5019007da183": "New Collegiate Division", + "572853e8ff5b5019007da188": "Common Core", + "572853e8ff5b5019007da189": "17", + "572853e8ff5b5019007da18a": "rigorous, intense", + "572853e8ff5b5019007da18b": "Uni in the USA", + "572855973acd2414000df925": "University of Chicago Laboratory Schools", + "572855973acd2414000df926": "Sonia Shankman Orthogenic School", + "572855973acd2414000df927": "four", + "572855973acd2414000df928": "public charter schools", + "572855973acd2414000df929": "University of Chicago campus", + "572856beff5b5019007da190": "six", + "572856beff5b5019007da191": "9.8 million", + "572856beff5b5019007da192": "Regenstein Library", + "572856beff5b5019007da193": "2011", + "572856beff5b5019007da194": "1.3 million", + "57285841ff5b5019007da19a": "12", + "57285841ff5b5019007da19b": "113", + "57285841ff5b5019007da19c": "Oriental Institute", + "57285841ff5b5019007da19d": "Fermilab", + "57285841ff5b5019007da19e": "Sunspot, New Mexico", + "57286010ff5b5019007da1ca": "shaping ideas about the free market", + "57286010ff5b5019007da1cb": "Chicago Pile-1", + "57286010ff5b5019007da1cc": "Miller\u2013Urey experiment", + "57286010ff5b5019007da1cd": "1953", + "572861cc4b864d190016495e": "1933", + "572861cc4b864d190016495f": "2000", + "572861cc4b864d1900164960": "1996", + "572861cc4b864d1900164961": "2002", + "572861cc4b864d1900164962": "Several thousand", + "572863363acd2414000df985": "5,792", + "572863363acd2414000df986": "3,468", + "572863363acd2414000df987": "5,984", + "572863363acd2414000df988": "5,792", + "572863363acd2414000df989": "international students", + "572864542ca10214002da2de": "University Athletic Association", + "572864542ca10214002da2df": "Division III", + "572864542ca10214002da2e0": "Big Ten Conference", + "572864542ca10214002da2e1": "Jay Berwanger", + "572864542ca10214002da2e2": "University President Robert Maynard Hutchins de-emphasized varsity athletics in 1939 and dropped football", + "5728659f4b864d190016498a": "400", + "5728659f4b864d190016498b": "Recognized Student Organizations", + "5728659f4b864d190016498c": "University of Chicago College Bowl Team", + "5728659f4b864d190016498d": "Doc Films", + "5728659f4b864d190016498e": "Off-Off Campus", + "5728667eff5b5019007da1fc": "graduate and undergraduate students", + "5728667eff5b5019007da1fd": "an Executive Committee", + "5728667eff5b5019007da1fe": "two", + "5728667eff5b5019007da1ff": "$2 million", + "572867543acd2414000df9a1": "fifteen", + "572867543acd2414000df9a2": "seven", + "572867543acd2414000df9a3": "Alpha Phi Omega", + "572867543acd2414000df9a4": "Four", + "572867543acd2414000df9a5": "ten", + "5728683b3acd2414000df9af": "May", + "5728683b3acd2414000df9b0": "1987", + "5728683b3acd2414000df9b1": "Festival of the Arts", + "5728683b3acd2414000df9b2": "Kuviasungnerk/Kangeiko", + "5728683b3acd2414000df9b3": "Summer Breeze", + "57286951ff5b5019007da20e": "Satya Nadella", + "57286951ff5b5019007da20f": "Satya Nadella", + "57286951ff5b5019007da210": "Larry Ellison", + "57286951ff5b5019007da211": "MF Global CEO", + "57286951ff5b5019007da212": "James O. McKinsey", + "57286ab72ca10214002da31e": "Saul Alinsky", + "57286ab72ca10214002da31f": "Saul Alinsky, Obama campaign advisor and top political advisor to President Bill Clinton David Axelrod", + "57286ab72ca10214002da320": "Robert Bork", + "57286ab72ca10214002da321": "Masaaki Shirakawa", + "57286ab72ca10214002da322": "Eliot Ness", + "57286bf84b864d19001649d2": "Lauren Oliver", + "57286bf84b864d19001649d3": "Philip Roth", + "57286bf84b864d19001649d4": "Allan Bloom", + "57286bf84b864d19001649d5": "Studs Terkel", + "57286bf84b864d19001649d6": "Kurt Vonnegut", + "57286d7d4b864d19001649e0": "Philip Glass", + "57286d7d4b864d19001649e1": "Katherine Dunham", + "57286d7d4b864d19001649e2": "Halo", + "57286d7d4b864d19001649e3": "Ed Asner", + "57286d7d4b864d19001649e4": "Mike Nichols", + "57286ec63acd2414000df9d1": "Carl Sagan", + "57286ec63acd2414000df9d2": "John M. Grunsfeld", + "57286ec63acd2414000df9d3": "David Suzuki", + "57286ec63acd2414000df9d4": "John B. Goodenough", + "57286ec63acd2414000df9d5": "Clair Cameron Patterson", + "572870b2ff5b5019007da222": "Thomas Sowell", + "572870b2ff5b5019007da223": "Margaret Thatcher", + "572870b2ff5b5019007da224": "Paul Samuelson", + "572870b2ff5b5019007da225": "Eugene Fama", + "572871bc4b864d1900164a04": "David Graeber and Donald Johanson", + "572871bc4b864d1900164a05": "Samuel Reshevsky", + "572871bc4b864d1900164a06": "Samuel P. Huntington", + "572872dd2ca10214002da37e": "A. A. Michelson", + "572872dd2ca10214002da37f": "Robert A. Millikan", + "572872dd2ca10214002da380": "Arthur H. Compton", + "572872dd2ca10214002da381": "Edward Teller", + "572872dd2ca10214002da382": "Maria Goeppert-Mayer", + "5728742cff5b5019007da246": "James Henry Breasted", + "5728742cff5b5019007da247": "Alberto Calder\u00f3n", + "5728742cff5b5019007da248": "Ted Fujita", + "5728742cff5b5019007da249": "Glenn T. Seaborg", + "5728742cff5b5019007da24a": "Charles Brenton Huggins and Janet Rowley", + "5728759cff5b5019007da25a": "Goldman Sachs", + "5728759cff5b5019007da25b": "Raghuram Rajan", + "5728759cff5b5019007da25c": "David Bevington", + "5728759cff5b5019007da25d": "John Mearsheimer and Robert Pape", + "5728759cff5b5019007da25e": "Neil Shubin and Paul Sereno", + "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b6": "\u5143\u671d", + "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b7": "Great Yuan", + "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b8": "Kublai Khan", + "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b9": "Kublai Khan", + "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1ba": "1271", + "572860e03acd2414000df977": "Mongol Empire", + "572860e03acd2414000df978": "Ming dynasty", + "572860e03acd2414000df979": "Song dynasty and preceding the Ming dynasty", + "572860e03acd2414000df97a": "Genghis Khan", + "57286192ff5b5019007da1dc": "1271", + "57286192ff5b5019007da1dd": "Commentaries on the Classic of Changes", + "57286192ff5b5019007da1de": "Mongol dynasty", + "57286192ff5b5019007da1df": "Great Yuan Great Mongol State", + "57286192ff5b5019007da1e0": "Great Khan", + "572863c72ca10214002da2d4": "Mongol and Turkic", + "572863c72ca10214002da2d5": "1206", + "572863c72ca10214002da2d6": "\u00d6gedei Khan", + "572863c72ca10214002da2d7": "1206", + "572863c72ca10214002da2d8": "his nephew", + "572864dd4b864d1900164976": "the Jin", + "572864dd4b864d1900164977": "Xiao Zhala", + "572864dd4b864d1900164978": "Shi Tianze", + "572864dd4b864d1900164979": "10,000", + "572864dd4b864d190016497a": "three", + "5728661e2ca10214002da2e8": "Han Chinese", + "5728661e2ca10214002da2e9": "Jin dynasty", + "5728661e2ca10214002da2ea": "between Han and Jurchen", + "5728661e2ca10214002da2eb": "Shi Bingzhi", + "5728661e2ca10214002da2ec": "Song dynasty", + "572867212ca10214002da2f2": "M\u00f6ngke Khan", + "572867212ca10214002da2f3": "southern China", + "572867212ca10214002da2f4": "1259", + "572867212ca10214002da2f5": "Ariq B\u00f6ke", + "572867212ca10214002da2f6": "Zhongtong", + "572867d72ca10214002da2fc": "Ogedei", + "572867d72ca10214002da2fd": "the south", + "572867d72ca10214002da2fe": "prince Wonjong", + "572867d72ca10214002da2ff": "northeast", + "572867d72ca10214002da300": "1262", + "572869b84b864d19001649ae": "preserving Mongol interests in China and satisfying the demands of his Chinese subjects", + "572869b84b864d19001649af": "salt and iron", + "572869b84b864d19001649b0": "Imperial Secretariat and left the local administrative structure of past Chinese dynasties", + "572869b84b864d19001649b1": "three", + "572869b84b864d19001649b2": "Han Chinese", + "57286b003acd2414000df9c1": "Karakorum in Mongolia", + "57286b003acd2414000df9c2": "Khanbaliq", + "57286b003acd2414000df9c3": "1264", + "57286b003acd2414000df9c4": "Zhongdu", + "57286b003acd2414000df9c5": "Confucian propriety and ancestor veneration", + "57286bb84b864d19001649c8": "commercial, scientific, and cultural", + "57286bb84b864d19001649c9": "Mongol peace", + "57286bb84b864d19001649ca": "southern China", + "57286bb84b864d19001649cb": "Daidu", + "57286bb84b864d19001649cc": "Marco Polo", + "57286c8cff5b5019007da218": "the Song Emperor", + "57286c8cff5b5019007da219": "1115", + "57286c8cff5b5019007da21a": "1234", + "57286c8cff5b5019007da21b": "Kong Duancao", + "57286c8cff5b5019007da21c": "30,000", + "57286d4f2ca10214002da328": "northern China", + "57286d4f2ca10214002da329": "1268 and 1273", + "57286d4f2ca10214002da32a": "Yangzi River basin", + "57286d4f2ca10214002da32b": "Hangzhou", + "57286d4f2ca10214002da32c": "drowned", + "57286dfa2ca10214002da332": "1279", + "57286dfa2ca10214002da333": "typhoon", + "57286dfa2ca10214002da334": "Vietnam \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t", + "57286dfa2ca10214002da335": "Battle of B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng", + "57286dfa2ca10214002da336": "1288", + "57286ead2ca10214002da346": "1253", + "57286ead2ca10214002da347": "Zhenjin", + "57286ead2ca10214002da348": "1285", + "57286ead2ca10214002da349": "Emperor Chengzong", + "57286ead2ca10214002da34a": "1294 to 1307", + "57286f373acd2414000df9db": "Buyantu Khan", + "57286f373acd2414000df9dc": "adopt mainstream Chinese culture", + "57286f373acd2414000df9dd": "Li Meng", + "57286f373acd2414000df9de": "Department of State Affairs", + "57286f373acd2414000df9df": "1313", + "57286fa83acd2414000df9e5": "Emperor Gegeen Khan", + "57286fa83acd2414000df9e6": "1321", + "57286fa83acd2414000df9e7": "Baiju", + "57286fa83acd2414000df9e8": "the comprehensive institutions of the Great Yuan", + "57286fa83acd2414000df9e9": "five", + "5728705c2ca10214002da35a": "Shangdu", + "5728705c2ca10214002da35b": "War of the Two Capitals", + "5728705c2ca10214002da35c": "four days", + "5728705c2ca10214002da35d": "El Tem\u00fcr", + "5728705c2ca10214002da35e": "Tugh Tem\u00fcr", + "5728710c3acd2414000df9ef": "cultural contribution", + "5728710c3acd2414000df9f0": "Academy of the Pavilion of the Star of Literature", + "5728710c3acd2414000df9f1": "spring of 1329", + "5728710c3acd2414000df9f2": "Jingshi Dadian", + "5728710c3acd2414000df9f3": "Confucianism", + "572871bd3acd2414000dfa03": "1332", + "572871bd3acd2414000dfa04": "Emperor Ningzong", + "572871bd3acd2414000dfa05": "13", + "572871bd3acd2414000dfa06": "nine", + "572871bd3acd2414000dfa07": "Liao, Jin, and Song dynasties", + "572872822ca10214002da374": "struggle, famine, and bitterness", + "572872822ca10214002da375": "the Mongols beyond the Middle Kingdom saw them as too Chinese", + "572872822ca10214002da376": "both the army and the populace", + "572872822ca10214002da377": "Outlaws", + "572872822ca10214002da378": "administration", + "57287338ff5b5019007da232": "late 1340s", + "57287338ff5b5019007da233": "Red Turban Rebellion", + "57287338ff5b5019007da234": "fear of betrayal", + "57287338ff5b5019007da235": "Red Turban rebels", + "57287338ff5b5019007da236": "1368\u20131644", + "572878942ca10214002da3a2": "political unity of China and much of central Asia", + "572878942ca10214002da3a3": "communications between Yuan dynasty and its ally and subordinate in Persia, the Ilkhanate", + "572878942ca10214002da3a4": "Ilkhanate", + "572878942ca10214002da3a5": "Eastern crops", + "572879574b864d1900164a14": "Western", + "572879574b864d1900164a15": "Taoism", + "572879574b864d1900164a16": "Taoism", + "572879574b864d1900164a17": "Confucian", + "572879574b864d1900164a18": "travel literature, cartography, geography, and scientific education", + "57287b4a4b864d1900164a28": "Marco Polo", + "57287b4a4b864d1900164a29": "Cambaluc", + "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2a": "Il milione", + "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2b": "Il milione", + "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2c": "through contact with Persian traders", + "57287c142ca10214002da3d0": "Guo Shoujing", + "57287c142ca10214002da3d1": "365.2425 days of the year", + "57287c142ca10214002da3d2": "granaries were ordered built throughout the empire", + "57287c142ca10214002da3d3": "Beijing", + "57287c142ca10214002da3d4": "sorghum", + "57287ccb2ca10214002da3da": "non-native Chinese people", + "57287ccb2ca10214002da3db": "Eternal Heaven", + "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dc": "Song dynasty and the Ming dynasty", + "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dd": "Song dynasty and the Ming dynasty", + "57287ccb2ca10214002da3de": "a period of foreign domination", + "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e4": "Han Chinese, Khitans, Jurchens, Mongols, and Tibetan Buddhists", + "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e5": "Tang, Song, as well as Khitan Liao and Jurchen Jin dynasties", + "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e6": "Liu Bingzhong and Yao Shu", + "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e7": "Chinese tripartite", + "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e8": "civil, military, and censorial offices", + "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa3f": "Privy Council", + "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa40": "since the Sui and Tang dynasties", + "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa41": "Mongols and Semuren", + "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa42": "the Privy Council", + "57287e512ca10214002da3f8": "1269", + "57287e512ca10214002da3f9": "Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese", + "57287e512ca10214002da3fa": "converse well", + "57287e512ca10214002da3fb": "Tugh Temur", + "57287e512ca10214002da3fc": "Emperor Wenzong", + "57287ee3ff5b5019007da274": "1290", + "57287ee3ff5b5019007da275": "1291", + "57287ee3ff5b5019007da276": "costs of equipping and dispatching men for their tours of duty", + "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa51": "painting, mathematics, calligraphy, poetry, and theater", + "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa52": "painting, poetry, and calligraphy", + "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa53": "Song dynasty", + "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa54": "qu", + "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa55": "zaju", + "57287fec4b864d1900164a3c": "western", + "57287fec4b864d1900164a3d": "Buddhism", + "57287fec4b864d1900164a3e": "Tibetan Buddhism", + "57287fec4b864d1900164a3f": "Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs", + "57287fec4b864d1900164a40": "Sakya", + "5728804b4b864d1900164a46": "1249", + "5728804b4b864d1900164a47": "1314", + "5728804b4b864d1900164a48": "modern matrices", + "5728804b4b864d1900164a49": "polynomial algebra", + "5728804b4b864d1900164a4a": "1303", + "5728809f2ca10214002da40c": "applied mathematics", + "5728809f2ca10214002da40d": "cubic interpolation formula", + "5728809f2ca10214002da40e": "Shoushi Li", + "5728809f2ca10214002da40f": "Shoushi Li", + "5728809f2ca10214002da410": "1281", + "572881022ca10214002da416": "non-Mongol physicians", + "572881022ca10214002da417": "herbal remedies", + "572881022ca10214002da418": "herbal", + "572881022ca10214002da419": "Imperial Academy of Medicine", + "572881022ca10214002da41a": "it ensured a high income and medical ethics were compatible with Confucian virtues", + "572881704b864d1900164a50": "Four", + "572881704b864d1900164a51": "inherited from the Jin dynasty", + "572881704b864d1900164a52": "Under the Mongols, the practice of Chinese medicine spread to other parts of the empire", + "572881704b864d1900164a53": "acupuncture, moxibustion, pulse diagnosis, and various herbal drugs and elixirs", + "572881704b864d1900164a54": "1347", + "572881d34b864d1900164a5a": "Muslim medicine", + "572881d34b864d1900164a5b": "Jesus the Interpreter", + "572881d34b864d1900164a5c": "1263", + "572881d34b864d1900164a5d": "humoral system", + "572881d34b864d1900164a5e": "yin-yang and wuxing", + "572882242ca10214002da420": "Kingdom of Qocho and Tibetan intermediaries", + "572882242ca10214002da421": "Wang Zhen", + "572882242ca10214002da422": "12th century", + "572882242ca10214002da423": "T\u00f6regene Khatun", + "572882242ca10214002da424": "1273", + "5728827b2ca10214002da42a": "chao", + "5728827b2ca10214002da42b": "the bark of mulberry trees", + "5728827b2ca10214002da42c": "1275", + "5728827b2ca10214002da42d": "woodblocks", + "5728827b2ca10214002da42e": "1294", + "572883153acd2414000dfa6f": "patrimonial feudalism", + "572883153acd2414000dfa70": "traditional Chinese autocratic-bureaucratic system", + "572883153acd2414000dfa71": "various allied groups from Central Asia and the western end of the empire", + "572883153acd2414000dfa72": "colonial\" coloration", + "572883153acd2414000dfa73": "Ilkhanate", + "572883a33acd2414000dfa79": "Central Asian Muslims", + "572883a33acd2414000dfa7a": "Han Chinese and Khitans", + "572883a33acd2414000dfa7b": "Besh Baliq, Almaliq, and Samarqand", + "572883a33acd2414000dfa7c": "artisans and farmers", + "572883a33acd2414000dfa7d": "Qara-Khitay", + "57288428ff5b5019007da28e": "restricting Halal slaughter", + "57288428ff5b5019007da28f": "Kosher butchering", + "57288428ff5b5019007da290": "Zhu Yuanzhang", + "57288428ff5b5019007da291": "thanks", + "57288428ff5b5019007da292": "Muslims in the semu class", + "5728848cff5b5019007da298": "Frederick W. Mote", + "5728848cff5b5019007da299": "social power and wealth", + "5728848cff5b5019007da29a": "rich and well socially standing", + "5728848cff5b5019007da29b": "less rich Mongol and Semu than there were Mongol and Semu who lived in poverty", + "572885023acd2414000dfa83": "Northern", + "572885023acd2414000dfa84": "Southern Chinese", + "572885023acd2414000dfa85": "southern China withstood and fought to the last before caving in", + "572885023acd2414000dfa86": "southern China withstood and fought to the last before caving in", + "572885023acd2414000dfa87": "private southern Chinese manufacturers and merchants", + "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8d": "Uighurs of the Kingdom of Qocho", + "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8e": "Karluk Kara-Khanid ruler", + "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8f": "the Korean King", + "5728855d3acd2414000dfa90": "the Uighurs surrendered to the Mongols first", + "572885c44b864d1900164a78": "Central Region", + "572885c44b864d1900164a79": "the Central Secretariat", + "572885c44b864d1900164a7a": "Khanbaliq", + "572885c44b864d1900164a7b": "Beijing", + "572885c44b864d1900164a7c": "Zhongshu Sheng", + "5728eff82ca10214002daadc": "disease", + "5728eff82ca10214002daadd": "pathogens", + "5728eff82ca10214002daade": "neuroimmune system", + "5728eff82ca10214002daadf": "the blood\u2013brain barrier, blood\u2013cerebrospinal fluid barrier, and similar fluid\u2013brain barriers", + "572a14af3f37b319004786c1": "pathogens", + "572a14af3f37b319004786c2": "humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity", + "572a14af3f37b319004786c3": "innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity", + "572a14af3f37b319004786c4": "neuroimmune system", + "5728f2e26aef051400154896": "Immunodeficiency", + "5728f2e26aef051400154897": "autoimmunity", + "5728f2e26aef051400154898": "Immunology", + "5728f2e26aef051400154899": "HIV/AIDS", + "5728f3724b864d1900165116": "Robert Koch", + "5728f3724b864d1900165117": "microorganisms", + "5728f3724b864d1900165118": "yellow fever", + "5728f3724b864d1900165119": "430 BC", + "5728f6446aef0514001548e4": "Innate", + "5728f6446aef0514001548e5": "adaptive immune system", + "5728f6446aef0514001548e6": "immunological memory", + "5728f6446aef0514001548e7": "physical barriers", + "5728f7774b864d190016512e": "self and non-self", + "5728f7774b864d190016512f": "self molecules", + "5728f7774b864d1900165130": "non-self molecules", + "5728f7774b864d1900165131": "antigens", + "5728f7774b864d1900165132": "specific immune receptors", + "5728f9882ca10214002dab5a": "pattern recognition receptors", + "5728f9882ca10214002dab5b": "innate immune system", + "5728f9882ca10214002dab5c": "microorganisms", + "5728f9882ca10214002dab5d": "non-specific", + "5728fb002ca10214002dab6a": "exoskeleton", + "5728fb002ca10214002dab6b": "waxy cuticle", + "5728fb002ca10214002dab6c": "coughing and sneezing", + "5728fb002ca10214002dab6d": "mucus", + "5728fb002ca10214002dab6e": "tears and urine", + "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec7": "\u03b2-defensins", + "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec8": "lysozyme and phospholipase A2", + "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec9": "defensins and zinc", + "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9eca": "gastric acid and proteases", + "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ecb": "menarche", + "5728fd206aef05140015494c": "commensal flora", + "5728fd206aef05140015494d": "fungi", + "5728fd206aef05140015494e": "lactobacilli", + "5728fd206aef05140015494f": "pH or available iron", + "572900f73f37b31900477f69": "Inflammation", + "572900f73f37b31900477f6a": "increased blood flow into tissue", + "572900f73f37b31900477f6b": "eicosanoids and cytokines", + "572900f73f37b31900477f6c": "prostaglandins", + "572900f73f37b31900477f6d": "interleukins", + "572905ce1d04691400778f83": "phagocytes", + "572905ce1d04691400778f84": "cytokines", + "572905ce1d04691400778f85": "phagosome", + "572905ce1d04691400778f86": "phagolysosome", + "572905ce1d04691400778f87": "acquiring nutrients", + "5729081d3f37b31900477fab": "Neutrophils and macrophages", + "5729081d3f37b31900477fac": "Neutrophils", + "5729081d3f37b31900477fad": "50% to 60%", + "5729081d3f37b31900477fae": "chemotaxis", + "5729081d3f37b31900477faf": "interleukin 1", + "572908c13f37b31900477fbd": "Leukocytes", + "572908c13f37b31900477fbe": "Leukocytes", + "572908c13f37b31900477fbf": "adaptive", + "572908c13f37b31900477fc0": "macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells", + "5729efab3f37b319004785cf": "Dendritic cells", + "5729efab3f37b319004785d0": "neuronal dendrites", + "5729efab3f37b319004785d1": "T cells", + "5729efab3f37b319004785d2": "T cells", + "5729f06f1d04691400779673": "Natural killer cells", + "5729f06f1d04691400779674": "missing self", + "5729f06f1d04691400779675": "MHC I", + "5729f06f1d04691400779676": "killer cell immunoglobulin receptors", + "5729f12e3f37b319004785e1": "early vertebrates", + "5729f12e3f37b319004785e2": "antigen presentation", + "5729f12e3f37b319004785e3": "pathogens or pathogen-infected cells", + "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d3": "the killer T cell and the helper T cell", + "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d4": "regulatory", + "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d5": "Class I MHC", + "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d6": "Class II MHC", + "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d7": "\u03b3\u03b4", + "5729f39a6aef05140015514c": "Killer T cells", + "5729f39a6aef05140015514d": "T cell receptor", + "5729f39a6aef05140015514e": "CD8", + "5729f39a6aef05140015514f": "perforin", + "5729f39a6aef051400155150": "granulysin", + "5729f4b41d0469140077968b": "CD4", + "5729f4b41d0469140077968c": "200\u2013300", + "5729f4b41d0469140077968d": "200\u2013300", + "5729f4b41d0469140077968e": "cytokines", + "5729f4b41d0469140077968f": "CD40", + "5729f5a03f37b31900478605": "helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells and NK cells", + "5729f5a03f37b31900478606": "TCR", + "5729f5a03f37b31900478607": "\u03b3\u03b4 T cells", + "5729f5a03f37b31900478608": "receptor diversity", + "5729f5a03f37b31900478609": "V\u03b39/V\u03b42", + "5729f69caf94a219006aa6f9": "A B cell", + "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fa": "proteolysis", + "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fb": "lymphokines", + "5729f799af94a219006aa707": "long-lived memory cells", + "5729f799af94a219006aa708": "adaptive", + "5729f799af94a219006aa709": "passive short-term memory or active long-term memory", + "5729f799af94a219006aa70a": "pathogen", + "5729f8516aef05140015516c": "microbes", + "5729f8516aef05140015516d": "IgG", + "5729f8516aef05140015516e": "Breast milk or colostrum", + "5729f8516aef05140015516f": "passive", + "5729f9953f37b3190047861f": "immunomodulators", + "5729f9953f37b31900478620": "adaptive and innate", + "5729f9953f37b31900478621": "lupus erythematosus", + "5729f9953f37b31900478622": "immunosuppressive", + "5729fa40af94a219006aa70f": "NFIL3", + "5729fa40af94a219006aa710": "heart disease, chronic pain, and asthma", + "5729fa40af94a219006aa711": "sleep deprivation", + "5729fb003f37b31900478627": "progressive decline in hormone levels with age", + "5729fb003f37b31900478628": "vitamin D", + "5729fb003f37b31900478629": "hormones", + "5729fb003f37b3190047862a": "cholecalciferol", + "5729fc3d1d0469140077969d": "killer T cells", + "5729fc3d1d0469140077969e": "MHC class I", + "5729fc3d1d0469140077969f": "viral antigens", + "5729fc3d1d046914007796a0": "antibodies", + "5729fd111d046914007796a5": "phagocytic cells", + "5729fd111d046914007796a6": "Pathogen-associated molecular patterns", + "5729fd111d046914007796a7": "rapid apoptosis", + "5729fd111d046914007796a8": "Systemic acquired resistance", + "5729fd111d046914007796a9": "RNA silencing mechanisms", + "5729fe5c3f37b3190047862f": "autoimmune", + "5729fe5c3f37b31900478630": "self and non-self", + "5729fe5c3f37b31900478631": "thymus and bone marrow", + "5729fe5c3f37b31900478632": "self\"", + "5729fefbaf94a219006aa739": "Immunodeficiencies", + "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73a": "young and the elderly", + "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73b": "50 years of age", + "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73c": "obesity, alcoholism, and drug use", + "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73d": "malnutrition", + "5729ffda1d046914007796af": "vaccination", + "5729ffda1d046914007796b0": "immunization", + "5729ffda1d046914007796b1": "an antigen", + "5729ffda1d046914007796b2": "natural specificity", + "572a019f3f37b31900478643": "enzymes", + "572a019f3f37b31900478644": "type III secretion system", + "572a019f3f37b31900478645": "shut down host defenses", + "572a019f3f37b31900478646": "elude host immune responses", + "572a02483f37b3190047864b": "Frank Burnet", + "572a02483f37b3190047864c": "pathogens, an allograft", + "572a02483f37b3190047864d": "histocompatibility", + "572a02483f37b3190047864e": "Niels Jerne", + "572a03086aef0514001551a2": "Glucocorticoids", + "572a03086aef0514001551a3": "cytotoxic or immunosuppressive", + "572a03086aef0514001551a4": "methotrexate or azathioprine", + "572a03086aef0514001551a5": "cyclosporin", + "572a04d51d046914007796cd": "cytotoxic natural killer cells and CTLs (cytotoxic T lymphocytes)", + "572a04d51d046914007796ce": "cortisol and catecholamines", + "572a04d51d046914007796cf": "melatonin", + "572a04d51d046914007796d0": "free radical", + "572a058aaf94a219006aa751": "vitamin D receptor", + "572a058aaf94a219006aa752": "calcitriol", + "572a058aaf94a219006aa753": "symbiotic", + "572a058aaf94a219006aa754": "CYP27B1", + "572a058aaf94a219006aa755": "dendritic cells, keratinocytes and macrophages", + "572a06af3f37b31900478667": "Pattern recognition receptors", + "572a06af3f37b31900478668": "defensins", + "572a06af3f37b31900478669": "phagocytic cells", + "572a06af3f37b3190047866a": "RNA interference", + "572a07fc6aef0514001551dc": "immunoglobulins and T cell receptors", + "572a07fc6aef0514001551dd": "lamprey and hagfish", + "572a07fc6aef0514001551de": "Variable lymphocyte receptors", + "572a07fc6aef0514001551df": "adaptive", + "572a096e6aef0514001551e4": "lymphocytes", + "572a096e6aef0514001551e5": "restriction modification system", + "572a096e6aef0514001551e6": "bacteriophages", + "572a096e6aef0514001551e7": "CRISPR sequences", + "572a0a686aef0514001551ec": "\"cellular\" and \"humoral\"", + "572a0a686aef0514001551ed": "Elie Metchnikoff", + "572a0a686aef0514001551ee": "phagocytes", + "572a0a686aef0514001551ef": "Robert Koch and Emil von Behring", + "572a0a686aef0514001551f0": "soluble components", + "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f6": "cancers", + "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f7": "MHC class I molecules", + "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f8": "cytokine TGF-\u03b2", + "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f9": "macrophages and lymphocytes", + "572a0bf96aef051400155204": "Hypersensitivity", + "572a0bf96aef051400155205": "four", + "572a0bf96aef051400155206": "Type I", + "572a0bf96aef051400155207": "IgE", + "572a0bf96aef051400155208": "cytotoxic", + "572a0ce11d046914007796fd": "intracellular pathogenesis", + "572a0ce11d046914007796fe": "Salmonella", + "572a0ce11d046914007796ff": "Plasmodium falciparum", + "572a0ce11d04691400779700": "Mycobacterium tuberculosis", + "572a0ce11d04691400779701": "protein A", + "572a0e4b6aef051400155214": "antigenic variation", + "572a0e4b6aef051400155215": "HIV", + "572a0e4b6aef051400155216": "HIV", + "572a0e4b6aef051400155217": "antigens", + "572a0f073f37b3190047867f": "immune surveillance", + "572a0f073f37b31900478680": "papillomavirus", + "572a0f073f37b31900478681": "tyrosinase", + "572a0f073f37b31900478682": "melanomas", + "572a0f073f37b31900478683": "melanocytes", + "572a10cd6aef051400155222": ">500 Da", + "572a10cd6aef051400155223": "hydrophilic", + "572a10cd6aef051400155224": "Immunoproteomics", + "572a10cd6aef051400155225": "B", + "572a10cd6aef051400155226": "immunoinformatics", + "572a12386aef051400155234": "leptin, pituitary growth hormone, and prolactin", + "572a12386aef051400155235": "APCs", + "572a12386aef051400155236": "Th1/Th2", + "572a12386aef051400155237": "Th1", + "572a135daf94a219006aa79f": "bacteriophage", + "572a135daf94a219006aa7a0": "defensins", + "572a135daf94a219006aa7a1": "vaccination", + "572a135daf94a219006aa7a2": "Adaptive (or acquired) immunity", + "572a142e3f37b319004786b9": "carbohydrates", + "572a142e3f37b319004786ba": "signal amplification", + "572a142e3f37b319004786bb": "catalytic", + "572a142e3f37b319004786bc": "disrupting their plasma membrane", + "57293b843f37b31900478133": "United Nations", + "57293b843f37b31900478134": "World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)", + "57293b843f37b31900478135": "greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere", + "57293b843f37b31900478136": "United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change", + "57293b843f37b31900478137": "Resolution 43/53", + "57293bc91d0469140077919b": "Hoesung Lee", + "57293bc91d0469140077919c": "Korean", + "57293bc91d0469140077919d": "Ismail El Gizouli", + "57293bc91d0469140077919e": "Hoesung Lee", + "57293bc91d0469140077919f": "February 2015", + "57293c246aef051400154bb8": "representatives appointed by governments and organizations", + "57293c246aef051400154bb9": "322", + "57293c246aef051400154bba": "322", + "57293c246aef051400154bbb": "seven-eighths", + "57293ca73f37b3190047815b": "1989", + "57293ca73f37b3190047815c": "United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO)", + "57293ca73f37b3190047815d": "IPCC Trust Fund", + "57293ca73f37b3190047815e": "UNEP", + "57293ca73f37b3190047815f": "Financial Regulations and Rules of the WMO", + "57293d116aef051400154bc8": "carry out research", + "57293d116aef051400154bc9": "published sources", + "57293d116aef051400154bca": "non-peer-reviewed sources", + "57293d116aef051400154bcb": "grey literature", + "57293d6d1d046914007791b7": "two", + "57293d6d1d046914007791b8": "ten to fifteen", + "57293d6d1d046914007791b9": "a somewhat larger number", + "57293d6d1d046914007791ba": "The coordinating lead authors", + "57293d6d1d046914007791bb": "Working Group chairs", + "57293e221d046914007791d5": "substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations", + "57293e221d046914007791d6": "additional warming of the Earth's surface", + "57293e221d046914007791d7": "over half", + "57293e221d046914007791d8": "business as usual", + "57293e221d046914007791d9": "0.3 to 0.6 \u00b0C", + "57293e983f37b3190047818b": "2001", + "57293e983f37b3190047818c": "16", + "57293e983f37b3190047818d": "Science", + "57293e983f37b3190047818e": "90%", + "57293e983f37b3190047818f": "between 1.4 and 5.8 \u00b0C", + "57293f353f37b3190047819b": "Richard Lindzen", + "57293f353f37b3190047819c": "does not faithfully summarize the full WGI report", + "57293f353f37b3190047819d": "John Houghton", + "57293f353f37b3190047819e": "co-chair of TAR WGI", + "57293f353f37b3190047819f": "scientific evidence", + "57293f8a6aef051400154bde": "The preparation and approval process", + "57293f8a6aef051400154bdf": "2011", + "57293f8a6aef051400154be0": "2011", + "57293f8a6aef051400154be1": "requested by governments", + "572940246aef051400154bec": "Data Distribution Centre and the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme", + "572940246aef051400154bed": "default emission factors", + "572940246aef051400154bee": "fuel consumption, industrial production", + "572940246aef051400154bef": "WMO Executive Council and UNEP Governing Council resolutions and decisions", + "572940973f37b319004781a5": "The date of 2035", + "572940973f37b319004781a6": "the poor application of well-established IPCC procedures", + "572940973f37b319004781a7": "WWF report", + "572940973f37b319004781a8": "WWF report", + "572941273f37b319004781ad": "chairman", + "572941273f37b319004781ae": "making it seem like climate change is more serious by overstating the impact", + "572941273f37b319004781af": "climate expert", + "572941273f37b319004781b0": "climate change", + "572941273f37b319004781b1": "generally unfounded and also marginal to the assessment", + "57294209af94a219006aa201": "1999", + "57294209af94a219006aa202": "Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes", + "57294209af94a219006aa203": "hockey stick graph", + "57294209af94a219006aa204": "Jones et al. 1998, Pollack, Huang & Shen 1998, Crowley & Lowery 2000 and Briffa 2000", + "57294279af94a219006aa209": "1000 and 1900", + "57294279af94a219006aa20a": "Fred Singer", + "57294279af94a219006aa20b": "Capitol Hill, Washington, D.C.", + "57294279af94a219006aa20c": "18 July 2000", + "57294279af94a219006aa20d": "Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation", + "572943ab1d04691400779219": "Joe Barton", + "572943ab1d0469140077921a": "Ed Whitfield", + "572943ab1d0469140077921b": "23 June 2005", + "572943ab1d0469140077921c": "Sherwood Boehlert", + "572943ab1d0469140077921d": "Sherwood Boehlert", + "572944e03f37b319004781e1": "2007", + "572944e03f37b319004781e2": "2001", + "572944e03f37b319004781e3": "14", + "572944e03f37b319004781e4": "Ten", + "572944e03f37b319004781e5": "divergence", + "572945b11d0469140077922f": "1 February 2007", + "572945b11d04691400779230": "compared IPCC 2001 projections on temperature and sea level change with observations", + "572945b11d04691400779231": "with observations", + "572945b11d04691400779232": "above the top of the range", + "572949306aef051400154c68": "projected rises in sea levels", + "572949306aef051400154c69": "much greater", + "572949306aef051400154c6a": "0.5\u20131.4 m", + "572949306aef051400154c6b": "2001", + "57294baaaf94a219006aa26b": "coordinating lead author", + "57294baaaf94a219006aa26c": "Science Magazine", + "57294baaaf94a219006aa26d": "IPCC consensus approach", + "57294e6b1d04691400779275": "global regulation based on the Montreal Protocol", + "57294e6b1d04691400779276": "Climate Change", + "57294e6b1d04691400779277": "states and governments", + "5729506d6aef051400154cac": "Sheldon Ungar", + "5729506d6aef051400154cad": "varying regional cost-benefit analysis and burden-sharing conflicts with regard to the distribution of emission reductions", + "5729506d6aef051400154cae": "regional burden sharing conflicts", + "5729506d6aef051400154caf": "the UK government", + "5729517d6aef051400154cc8": "scientific papers", + "5729517d6aef051400154cc9": "any significant new evidence or events that change our understanding of climate science", + "5729517d6aef051400154cca": "the IPCC", + "572951f16aef051400154cce": "five", + "572951f16aef051400154ccf": "Nature", + "572951f16aef051400154cd0": "employ a full-time staff and remove government oversight from its processes to avoid political interference", + "572951f16aef051400154cd1": "employ a full-time staff and remove government oversight from its processes", + "57296d571d04691400779413": "1 and itself", + "57296d571d04691400779414": "a composite number", + "57296d571d04691400779415": "The fundamental theorem of arithmetic", + "57296d571d04691400779416": "primes", + "57296d571d04691400779417": "one can include arbitrarily many instances of 1 in any factorization", + "57296f293f37b319004783a3": "primality", + "57296f293f37b319004783a4": "trial division", + "57296f293f37b319004783a5": "Miller\u2013Rabin primality test", + "57296f293f37b319004783a6": "Miller\u2013Rabin primality test, which is fast but has a small probability of error, and the AKS primality test", + "57296f293f37b319004783a7": "22,338,618", + "572970c11d04691400779463": "infinitely many", + "572970c11d04691400779464": "Euclid", + "572970c11d04691400779465": "statistical", + "572970c11d04691400779466": "prime number theorem", + "572970c11d04691400779467": "end of the 19th century", + "5729727baf94a219006aa437": "Goldbach's conjecture", + "5729727baf94a219006aa438": "twin prime conjecture", + "5729727baf94a219006aa439": "algebraic", + "5729727baf94a219006aa43a": "public-key cryptography", + "5729727baf94a219006aa43b": "prime elements and prime ideals", + "572973f76aef051400154f0a": "2", + "572973f76aef051400154f0b": "1, 2, and n", + "572973f76aef051400154f0c": "odd prime", + "572973f76aef051400154f0d": "9", + "572973f76aef051400154f0e": "even numbers", + "57297547af94a219006aa45b": "1", + "57297547af94a219006aa45c": "Christian Goldbach", + "57297547af94a219006aa45d": "Leonhard Euler", + "57297547af94a219006aa45e": "10,006,721", + "57297547af94a219006aa45f": "prime", + "57297781af94a219006aa4a3": "Euclid's fundamental theorem of arithmetic", + "57297781af94a219006aa4a4": "1 were considered a prime", + "57297781af94a219006aa4a5": "Euler's totient function or the sum of divisors function", + "57297781af94a219006aa4a6": "sum of divisors function", + "57297781af94a219006aa4a7": "eliminate all multiples of 1 (that is, all other numbers) and produce as output only the single number 1", + "572978f91d046914007794d3": "Rhind papyrus", + "572978f91d046914007794d4": "Ancient Greeks", + "572978f91d046914007794d5": "Euclid's Elements", + "572978f91d046914007794d6": "Euclid", + "572978f91d046914007794d7": "a simple method to compute primes", + "57297a276aef051400154f88": "1640", + "57297a276aef051400154f89": "Euler", + "57297a276aef051400154f8a": "22n + 1 are prime", + "57297a276aef051400154f8b": "without proof", + "57297a276aef051400154f8c": "2p \u2212 1", + "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c7": "trial division", + "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c8": "if a complete list of primes up to is known", + "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c9": "1", + "57297bc9af94a219006aa4ca": "the square root of n", + "57297bc9af94a219006aa4cb": "three", + "57297d421d046914007794e5": "two", + "57297d421d046914007794e6": "probabilistic (or \"Monte Carlo\") and deterministic algorithms", + "57297d421d046914007794e7": "deterministic algorithms", + "57297d421d046914007794e8": "deterministic", + "57297d421d046914007794e9": "1/(1-p)n", + "57297ed93f37b3190047845f": "Fermat primality test", + "57297ed93f37b31900478460": "the fact (Fermat's little theorem) that np\u2261n (mod p) for any n if p is a prime number", + "57297ed93f37b31900478461": "Carmichael numbers", + "57297ed93f37b31900478462": "Baillie-PSW, Miller-Rabin, and Solovay-Strassen tests", + "57297ed93f37b31900478463": "Baillie-PSW, Miller-Rabin, and Solovay-Strassen tests", + "572980f9af94a219006aa4d1": "2p + 1 with p prime", + "572980f9af94a219006aa4d2": "2p \u2212 1", + "572980f9af94a219006aa4d3": "Lucas\u2013Lehmer test", + "572980f9af94a219006aa4d4": "Sophie Germain primes", + "572980f9af94a219006aa4d5": "Sophie Germain primes", + "572982e66aef051400154f92": "distributed computing", + "572982e66aef051400154f93": "2009", + "572982e66aef051400154f94": "US$100,000", + "572982e66aef051400154f95": "The Electronic Frontier Foundation", + "572982e76aef051400154f96": "256kn + 1, 256k(n + 1) \u2212 1", + "572985011d04691400779501": "floor function", + "572985011d04691400779502": "Chebyshev", + "572985011d04691400779503": "n > 3", + "572985011d04691400779504": "at least one prime number p with n < p < 2n \u2212 2", + "572985011d04691400779505": "Wilson's theorem", + "572987e46aef051400154fa2": "Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions", + "572987e46aef051400154fa3": "Dirichlet's theorem", + "572987e46aef051400154fa4": "1/6", + "572987e46aef051400154fa5": "one", + "572987e46aef051400154fa6": "infinitely many prime numbers", + "572989846aef051400154fc0": "The zeta", + "572989846aef051400154fc1": "finite", + "572989846aef051400154fc2": "diverges", + "572989846aef051400154fc3": "exceeds any given number", + "572989846aef051400154fc4": "algebraic number theory", + "57298ef11d0469140077952d": "1859", + "57298ef11d0469140077952e": "s = \u22122, \u22124", + "57298ef11d0469140077952f": "random noise", + "57298ef11d04691400779530": "asymptotic", + "57298ef11d04691400779531": "asymptotic", + "57299021af94a219006aa50b": "1912", + "57299021af94a219006aa50c": "Goldbach's conjecture", + "57299021af94a219006aa50d": "all numbers up to n = 2 \u00b7 1017", + "57299021af94a219006aa50e": "Vinogradov's theorem", + "57299021af94a219006aa50f": "Chen's theorem", + "572991943f37b319004784a1": "twin prime conjecture", + "572991943f37b319004784a2": "pairs of primes with difference 2", + "572991943f37b319004784a3": "Polignac's conjecture", + "572991943f37b319004784a4": "n2 + 1", + "572991943f37b319004784a5": "Brocard's", + "57299326af94a219006aa515": "number theory", + "57299326af94a219006aa516": "G. H. Hardy", + "57299326af94a219006aa517": "1970s", + "57299326af94a219006aa518": "hash tables and pseudorandom number generators", + "57299326af94a219006aa519": "pseudorandom", + "572995d46aef051400154fe8": "recurring decimal", + "572995d46aef051400154fe9": "p \u2212 1 or a divisor of p \u2212 1", + "572995d46aef051400154fea": "p \u2212 1)! + 1", + "572995d46aef051400154feb": "n \u2212 1)!", + "572995d46aef051400154fec": "p is not a prime factor of q", + "572996c73f37b319004784b3": "large prime numbers", + "572996c73f37b319004784b4": "RSA and the Diffie\u2013Hellman key exchange", + "572996c73f37b319004784b5": "512", + "572996c73f37b319004784b6": "modular", + "572996c73f37b319004784b7": "1024", + "572998673f37b319004784d5": "cicadas", + "572998673f37b319004784d6": "as grubs underground", + "572998673f37b319004784d7": "17", + "572998673f37b319004784d8": "the prime number intervals between emergences make it very difficult for predators to evolve that could specialize as predators on Magicicadas", + "572998673f37b319004784d9": "2%", + "57299a6f6aef051400155016": "minimality or indecomposability", + "57299a6f6aef051400155017": "smallest subfield", + "57299a6f6aef051400155018": "it cannot be written as the knot sum of two nontrivial knots", + "57299a6f6aef051400155019": "a connected sum of prime knots", + "57299a6f6aef05140015501a": "any object can be, essentially uniquely, decomposed into its prime components", + "57299c2c6aef051400155020": "prime elements and irreducible elements", + "57299c2c6aef051400155021": "prime elements and irreducible elements", + "57299c2c6aef051400155022": "prime elements and irreducible elements", + "57299c2c6aef051400155023": "does not have a multiplicative inverse", + "57299c2c6aef051400155024": "if it is not a unit and cannot be written as a product of two ring elements that are not units", + "57299d1c1d04691400779581": "The fundamental theorem of arithmetic", + "57299d1c1d04691400779582": "Gaussian integers Z", + "57299d1c1d04691400779583": "a + bi", + "57299d1c1d04691400779584": "arbitrary integers", + "57299d1c1d04691400779585": "4k + 3 are Gaussian primes, whereas rational primes of the form 4k + 1", + "57299ec43f37b3190047850d": "ring theory", + "57299ec43f37b3190047850e": "Prime ideals", + "57299ec43f37b3190047850f": "ring theory", + "57299ec43f37b31900478510": "The fundamental theorem of arithmetic", + "57299ec43f37b31900478511": "Noetherian", + "5729a03f1d04691400779593": "Prime ideals", + "5729a03f1d04691400779594": "ramification in geometry", + "5729a03f1d04691400779595": "integers of quadratic number fields", + "5729a03f1d04691400779596": "solvability of quadratic equations", + "5729a26d6aef05140015505a": "gets smaller", + "5729a26d6aef05140015505b": "completed (or local) fields", + "5729a26d6aef05140015505c": "absolute value", + "5729a26d6aef05140015505d": "local-global principle", + "5729a3716aef05140015506a": "Olivier Messiaen", + "5729a3716aef05140015506b": "La Nativit\u00e9 du Seigneur", + "5729a3716aef05140015506c": "Neumes rythmiques", + "5729a3716aef05140015506d": "third", + "5729a3716aef05140015506e": "movements of nature, movements of free and unequal durations", + "572f5533a23a5019007fc55c": "the North Sea in the Netherlands", + "572f5533a23a5019007fc55d": "Cologne", + "572f5533a23a5019007fc55e": "Danube", + "572f5533a23a5019007fc55f": "1,230 km (760 mi)", + "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e37": "Swiss canton of Graub\u00fcnden in the southeastern Swiss Alps", + "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3a": "Netherlands", + "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3b": "1,230 km (760 mi)", + "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56b": "Gaulish name R\u0113nos", + "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56c": "Rhin", + "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56d": "*R\u012bnaz", + "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56e": "1st century BC", + "572fe288a23a5019007fcad7": "R\u0113nos", + "572fe288a23a5019007fcad8": "Rhin", + "572fe288a23a5019007fcad9": "*R\u012bnaz", + "572fe288a23a5019007fcada": "Rijn", + "572fe288a23a5019007fcadb": "Rhijn", + "572f567cb2c2fd140056803f": "Rhine-kilometers", + "572f567cb2c2fd1400568040": "1939", + "572f567cb2c2fd1400568041": "Old Rhine Bridge at Constance (0 km) to Hoek van Holland", + "572f567cb2c2fd1400568042": "The river length is significantly shortened from the river's natural course", + "572f567cb2c2fd1400568043": "canalisation projects", + "572fe393947a6a140053cdba": "Rhine-kilometers", + "572fe393947a6a140053cdbb": "1939", + "572fe393947a6a140053cdbc": "Old Rhine Bridge at Constance", + "572fe393947a6a140053cdbd": "Hoek van Holland", + "572fe393947a6a140053cdbe": "number of canalisation projects completed in the 19th and 20th century", + "572f5703a23a5019007fc573": "north", + "572f5703a23a5019007fc574": "86 km", + "572f5703a23a5019007fc575": "Rhine Valley", + "572f5703a23a5019007fc576": "Rhine Valley (German: Rheintal). Near Sargans", + "572f5703a23a5019007fc577": "Liechtenstein", + "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4b": "Chur", + "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4c": "86 km long", + "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4d": "599 m to 396 m", + "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4e": "Rhine Valley", + "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4f": "Switzerland to the West and Liechtenstein", + "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686d": "Lake Constance", + "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686e": "Alter Rhein", + "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686f": "a modern canalized section", + "572f57c704bcaa1900d76870": "Isel", + "572f57c704bcaa1900d76871": "Donkey", + "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e55": "Lake Constance", + "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e56": "modern canalized section", + "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e57": "Alter Rhein", + "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e58": "small islands", + "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e59": "Alemannic", + "572f5875947a6a140053c89a": "near Diepoldsau", + "572f5875947a6a140053c89b": "Fu\u00dfach", + "572f5875947a6a140053c89c": "strong sedimentation", + "572f5875947a6a140053c89d": "parallel to the canalized Rhine into the lake", + "572f5875947a6a140053c89e": "silt up the lake", + "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e69": "Fu\u00dfach", + "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6a": "near Diepoldsau", + "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6b": "to counteract the constant flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta", + "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6c": "Dornbirner Ach", + "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6d": "continuous input of sediment", + "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57d": "three", + "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57e": "Seerhein", + "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57f": "upper lake", + "572f58d9a23a5019007fc580": "lower lake", + "572f58d9a23a5019007fc581": "Swiss-Austrian", + "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858b": "three", + "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858c": "Austria", + "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858d": "the Alps", + "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858e": "south", + "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858f": "Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg", + "572f59b4a23a5019007fc587": "greater density of cold water", + "572f59b4a23a5019007fc588": "near the surface", + "572f59b4a23a5019007fc589": "Lindau", + "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58a": "Lake \u00dcberlingen", + "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58b": "A small fraction", + "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e95": "warmer, green waters of Upper Lake", + "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e96": "Lindau", + "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e97": "Lake \u00dcberlingen", + "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e98": "Rhine Gutter", + "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e99": "water level", + "572f609ca23a5019007fc5af": "westward", + "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b0": "river Aare", + "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b1": "1,000 m3/s (35,000 cu ft/s)", + "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b2": "Finsteraarhorn", + "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b3": "Basel", + "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde0": "westward", + "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde1": "river Aare", + "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde2": "1,000 m3/s", + "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde3": "Finsteraarhorn", + "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde4": "German", + "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ea": "Basel", + "572f60f4947a6a140053c8eb": "Rhine knee", + "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ec": "the Central Bridge", + "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ed": "300 km", + "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ee": "40 km", + "572fec30947a6a140053cdf2": "Basel", + "572fec30947a6a140053cdf3": "Rhine knee", + "572fec30947a6a140053cdf4": "North", + "572fec30947a6a140053cdf5": "the High Rhine", + "572fec30947a6a140053cdf6": "the Central Bridge", + "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b7": "19th", + "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b8": "increased", + "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b9": "fell significantly", + "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680ba": "Grand Canal d'Alsace", + "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680bb": "large compensation pools", + "572feddda23a5019007fcb5b": "Upper Rhine", + "572feddda23a5019007fcb5c": "19th Century", + "572feddda23a5019007fcb5d": "increased", + "572feddda23a5019007fcb5e": "fell significantly", + "572feddda23a5019007fcb5f": "Grand Canal d'Alsace", + "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cb": "The Rhine", + "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cc": "Moselle", + "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cd": "300 m3/s", + "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680ce": "Moselle", + "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cf": "400 m (1,300 ft)", + "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef5": "Germany", + "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef6": "Germany", + "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef7": "Neckar, the Main and, later, the Moselle", + "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef8": "France", + "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef9": "2,290 m3/s", + "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5eb": "the Middle Rhine", + "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ec": "Rhine Gorge", + "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ed": "erosion", + "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ee": "the Romantic Rhine", + "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76eff": "the Middle Rhine", + "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f00": "the Rhine Gorge", + "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f02": "many castles and vineyards", + "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f03": "the Romantic Rhine", + "572f6c85947a6a140053c940": "industry", + "572f6c85947a6a140053c941": "along the Lower Rhine", + "572f6c85947a6a140053c942": "Duisburg", + "572f6c85947a6a140053c943": "The Ruhr", + "572f6c85947a6a140053c944": "drinking water", + "572ff293947a6a140053ce52": "water pollution", + "572ff293947a6a140053ce53": "Lower Rhine", + "572ff293947a6a140053ce54": "Switzerland", + "572ff293947a6a140053ce55": "Duisburg", + "572ff293947a6a140053ce56": "The Ruhr", + "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc621": "tourism", + "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc622": "R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein", + "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc623": "Lorelei", + "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc624": "the Middle Rhine Valley", + "572ff35f947a6a140053ce66": "tourism", + "572ff35f947a6a140053ce67": "UNESCO World Heritage Site", + "572ff35f947a6a140053ce68": "R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein", + "572ff35f947a6a140053ce69": "Lorelei", + "572ff35f947a6a140053ce6a": "Near Sankt Goarshausen", + "572f7588947a6a140053c984": "Duisburg", + "572f7588947a6a140053c985": "Wesel-Datteln Canal", + "572f7588947a6a140053c986": "Lippe", + "572f7588947a6a140053c987": "Emmerich Rhine Bridge", + "572f7588947a6a140053c988": "400 m", + "572ff430a23a5019007fcba9": "Lower Rhine", + "572ff430a23a5019007fcbaa": "Rhine-Ruhr", + "572ff430a23a5019007fcbab": "Duisport", + "572ff430a23a5019007fcbac": "Emmerich Rhine Bridge", + "572ff430a23a5019007fcbad": "400 m", + "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568153": "Rijn", + "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568154": "Meuse", + "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568155": "Two thirds", + "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f24": "west", + "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f25": "through the Waal", + "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f26": "Meuse", + "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f27": "Oude Maas", + "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a2": "Pannerdens Kanaal", + "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a3": "Nederrijn", + "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a4": "Lek", + "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a5": "Noord River", + "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2d": "Pannerdens Kanaal", + "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2e": "Nederrijn", + "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2f": "one ninth", + "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f30": "Lek", + "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f31": "Wijk bij Duurstede", + "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568657": "Rijn", + "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568658": "draining the surrounding land and polders", + "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568659": "Kromme Rijn", + "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865a": "Kromme Rijn (\"Bent Rhine", + "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865b": "Oude Rijn (\"Old Rhine\"). The latter flows west into a sluice", + "572ff673b2c2fd1400568669": "Rhine-Meuse Delta", + "572ff673b2c2fd140056866a": "near Millingen aan de Rijn", + "572ff673b2c2fd140056866b": "Rhine-Meuse Delta", + "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f51": "Nederrijn", + "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f52": "three", + "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f53": "Waal", + "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f54": "the Rip", + "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f55": "Old Meuse", + "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568681": "St. Elizabeth's flood", + "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568682": "1421", + "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568683": "just south of today's line Merwede-Oude Maas to the North Sea", + "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568684": "archipelago-like estuary", + "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568685": "1421 to 1904", + "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcd": "dammed", + "572ff890a23a5019007fcbce": "drainage channels", + "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcf": "The construction of Delta Works", + "572ff890a23a5019007fcbd0": "second half of the 20th Century", + "572ff935b2c2fd140056869b": "tidal", + "572ff935b2c2fd140056869c": "tidal currents", + "572ff935b2c2fd140056869d": "tear huge areas of land into the sea", + "572ff935b2c2fd140056869e": "Zaltbommel", + "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbe9": "Tethys sea", + "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbea": "Triassic", + "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbeb": "Jurassic Period", + "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbec": "Mediterranean geography", + "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbed": "Iberia", + "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b7": "N\u2013S", + "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b8": "Upper Rhine Graben", + "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b9": "Miocene", + "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686ba": "Rhone and Danube", + "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef0": "stream capture", + "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef1": "Pliocene", + "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef2": "down to the Vosges Mountains", + "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc15": "geological period of the Ice Ages", + "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc16": "six", + "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc17": "120 m (390 ft)", + "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc18": "northwest", + "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc19": "offshore of Brest, France", + "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e5": "74,000 (BP = Before Present), until the end of the Pleistocene", + "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e6": "the end of the Pleistocene", + "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e7": "west", + "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e8": "120 m (390 ft)", + "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e9": "sea level", + "572fff45947a6a140053cf26": "a glacier", + "572fff45947a6a140053cf27": "A tundra", + "572fff45947a6a140053cf28": "ca. 22,000\u201314,000 yr BP", + "572fff45947a6a140053cf29": "ice-sheets", + "572fff45947a6a140053cf2a": "loess", + "572fffb404bcaa1900d76fef": "22,000 years ago", + "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff0": "thaw", + "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff1": "the Rhine", + "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff2": "13,000 BP", + "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff3": "9000 BP", + "573003dd947a6a140053cf42": "7500 yr ago", + "573003dd947a6a140053cf43": "Rates of sea-level rise", + "573003dd947a6a140053cf44": "7000 years", + "573003dd947a6a140053cf45": "ongoing tectonic subsidence", + "573003dd947a6a140053cf46": "1\u20133 cm (0.39\u20131.18 in) per century", + "5730042804bcaa1900d77011": "~11,700 years ago", + "5730042804bcaa1900d77012": "Late-Glacial valley", + "5730042804bcaa1900d77013": "Netherlands", + "5730042804bcaa1900d77014": "~8,000 years ago", + "57300580b2c2fd140056874d": "Roman times", + "57300580b2c2fd140056874e": "sediment load", + "57300580b2c2fd140056874f": "increasing land clearance", + "57300580b2c2fd1400568750": "80", + "57300580b2c2fd1400568751": "11\u201313th century AD", + "5730069004bcaa1900d7702d": "the North Sea", + "5730069004bcaa1900d7702e": "North Sea", + "5730069004bcaa1900d7702f": "to the north", + "5730069004bcaa1900d77030": "IJsselmeer", + "5730069004bcaa1900d77031": "three", + "57300761947a6a140053cf9a": "1st century BC", + "57300761947a6a140053cf9b": "Germania", + "57300761947a6a140053cf9c": "6th century BC", + "57300761947a6a140053cf9d": "Herodotus", + "573007fab2c2fd140056876b": "AD 14", + "573007fab2c2fd140056876c": "upper Danube", + "573007fab2c2fd140056876d": "until the empire fell", + "573007fab2c2fd140056876e": "Baden and W\u00fcrttemberg", + "573007fab2c2fd140056876f": "eastwards", + "57300888b2c2fd1400568775": "eight", + "57300888b2c2fd1400568776": "whether a state or threat of war existed", + "57300888b2c2fd1400568777": "army of Germania Inferior", + "57300888b2c2fd1400568778": "oppidum Ubiorum", + "57300888b2c2fd1400568779": "oppidum Ubiorum", + "57300911947a6a140053cfb6": "5th century", + "57300911947a6a140053cfb7": "the kingdoms of Francia", + "57300911947a6a140053cfb8": "dragons rock", + "57300911947a6a140053cfb9": "Siegfried", + "57300911947a6a140053cfba": "Hagen", + "573009a004bcaa1900d7704f": "6th century", + "573009a004bcaa1900d77050": "10th century", + "573009a004bcaa1900d77051": "Lower Lorraine", + "573009a004bcaa1900d77052": "Archduke Sigismund of Austria", + "573009a004bcaa1900d77053": "1469", + "57300a25a23a5019007fcc97": "Peace of Westphalia", + "57300a25a23a5019007fcc98": "Establishing \"natural borders", + "57300a25a23a5019007fcc99": "Napoleon", + "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9a": "1806", + "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9b": "1840", + "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77063": "end of World War I", + "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77064": "1930", + "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77065": "German army", + "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77066": "Adolf Hitler's rise to power", + "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77067": "1936", + "57300bf504bcaa1900d77087": "Arnhem", + "57300bf504bcaa1900d77088": "Germany", + "57300bf504bcaa1900d77089": "September 1944", + "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708a": "Ludendorff Bridge", + "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708b": "an invasion of Western Europe during the Cold War", + "57300c67947a6a140053cff0": "1,230 kilometres", + "57300c67947a6a140053cff1": "Knaurs Lexikon", + "57300c67947a6a140053cff2": "1,320 kilometres", + "57300c67947a6a140053cff3": "typographical error", + "57300c68947a6a140053cff4": "2010", + "572fac17947a6a140053cb54": "1997", + "572fac17947a6a140053cb55": "Scotland Act 1998", + "572fac17947a6a140053cb56": "the areas in which it can make laws", + "572fac17947a6a140053cb57": "Parliament of the United Kingdom", + "572fac17947a6a140053cb58": "Westminster", + "572facb0a23a5019007fc863": "the lack of a Parliament of Scotland", + "572facb0a23a5019007fc864": "three", + "572facb0a23a5019007fc865": "the outbreak of the First World War", + "572facb0a23a5019007fc866": "late 1960s", + "572facb0a23a5019007fc867": "a directly elected Scottish Assembly to legislate for the majority of domestic Scottish affairs", + "572fad30a23a5019007fc86d": "North Sea", + "572fad30a23a5019007fc86e": "Scottish independence", + "572fad30a23a5019007fc86f": "not benefitting Scotland as much as they should", + "572fad30a23a5019007fc870": "1974", + "572fad30a23a5019007fc871": "1978", + "572fadcbb2c2fd1400568329": "Edinburgh", + "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832a": "40%", + "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832b": "failed", + "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832c": "51.6%", + "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832d": "32.9%", + "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76bdf": "Scottish Parliament", + "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be0": "Conservative Party", + "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be1": "1989", + "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be2": "blueprint for devolution", + "572faec7b2c2fd1400568333": "in the Holyrood area of Edinburgh", + "572faec7b2c2fd1400568334": "Enric Miralles", + "572faec7b2c2fd1400568335": "Spanish", + "572faec7b2c2fd1400568336": "leaf-shaped", + "572faec7b2c2fd1400568337": "Queen Elizabeth II", + "572faf74b2c2fd1400568347": "General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland on the Royal Mile in Edinburgh", + "572faf74b2c2fd1400568348": "in the courtyard", + "572faf74b2c2fd1400568349": "the meeting of the Church's General Assembly", + "572faf74b2c2fd140056834a": "Strathclyde Regional Council debating chamber in Glasgow", + "572faf74b2c2fd140056834b": "University of Aberdeen", + "572fb059947a6a140053cb80": "City of Edinburgh Council", + "572fb059947a6a140053cb81": "Lothian Regional Council", + "572fb059947a6a140053cb82": "demolished", + "572fb059947a6a140053cb83": "Parliament Square, High Street and George IV Bridge in Edinburgh", + "572fb059947a6a140053cb84": "the main hall", + "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c15": "one MSP", + "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c16": "Tricia Marwick", + "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c17": "secret ballot", + "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c18": "129", + "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c19": "A vote clerk", + "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f7": "the Presiding Officer", + "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f8": "Parliamentary Bureau", + "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f9": "five or more", + "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8fa": "The Presiding Officer", + "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5b": "a hemicycle", + "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5c": "reflects the desire to encourage consensus amongst elected members", + "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5d": "131", + "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5e": "2", + "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5f": "vote", + "572fbf21a23a5019007fc937": "silver", + "572fbf21a23a5019007fc938": "Scottish rivers", + "572fbf21a23a5019007fc939": "Wisdom, Compassion, Justice and Integrity", + "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93a": "the Queen", + "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93b": "a glass case suspended from the lid", + "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c73": "April and October", + "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c74": "the debating chamber", + "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c75": "the public", + "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c76": "free", + "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c77": "Official Report", + "572fc043a23a5019007fc95d": "Wednesday", + "572fc043a23a5019007fc95e": "up to four minutes", + "572fc043a23a5019007fc95f": "religious beliefs", + "572fc043a23a5019007fc960": "the Presiding Officer", + "572fc043a23a5019007fc961": "nominate speakers", + "572fc41f947a6a140053cc80": "The Presiding Officer", + "572fc41f947a6a140053cc81": "who speaks in chamber debates and the amount of time for which they are allowed to speak", + "572fc41f947a6a140053cc82": "different viewpoints and political parties", + "572fc41f947a6a140053cc83": "ministers or party leaders", + "572fc41f947a6a140053cc84": "Gaelic", + "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccb": "5 pm", + "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccc": "Decision Time", + "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccd": "vote", + "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76cce": "by means of electronic consoles on their desks", + "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccf": "seconds", + "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8a": "The outcome of most votes", + "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8b": "political parties", + "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8c": "MSPs, known as whips", + "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8d": "those who do are unlikely to reach higher political ranks in their parties", + "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8e": "moral", + "572fc659b2c2fd1400568447": "Immediately after Decision Time", + "572fc659b2c2fd1400568448": "45 minutes", + "572fc659b2c2fd1400568449": "Such motions are on issues which may be of interest to a particular area", + "572fc659b2c2fd140056844a": "other members", + "572fc659b2c2fd140056844b": "winds up\" the debate", + "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf5": "in committee", + "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf6": "stronger", + "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf7": "there is no revising chamber", + "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf8": "principal role of committees in the Scottish Parliament", + "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf9": "other locations throughout Scotland", + "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d07": "MSPs", + "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d08": "the balance of parties across Parliament", + "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d09": "their functions", + "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0a": "Mandatory Committees", + "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0b": "fourth", + "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d11": "at the beginning of each parliamentary session", + "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d12": "one (or more", + "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d13": "Subject Committees", + "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d14": "Subject Committees", + "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d1f": "A further type of committee", + "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d20": "large-scale development projects", + "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d21": "an outside party or promoter who is not a member of the Scottish Parliament or Scottish Government", + "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d22": "Private Bill Committees", + "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568473": "Scotland Act 1998", + "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568474": "Queen Elizabeth II", + "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568475": "devolved competencies", + "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568476": "the Parliament of the United Kingdom at Westminster", + "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568477": "the Parliament", + "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f1": "Schedule 5", + "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f2": "Scottish Parliament", + "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f3": "All matters that are not specifically reserved", + "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f4": "up to 3 pence in the pound", + "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f5": "The 2012 Act", + "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847d": "Reserved matters", + "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847e": "The Scottish Parliament", + "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847f": "Westminster", + "572fcc43b2c2fd1400568480": "UK Government ministers", + "572fcd86947a6a140053ccda": "Bills", + "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdb": "the Scottish Government", + "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdc": "a private member", + "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdd": "an outside proposer", + "572fcd86947a6a140053ccde": "in a number of stages", + "572fce12a23a5019007fca11": "the minister or member in charge of the bill will formally introduce it to Parliament", + "572fce13a23a5019007fca12": "Explanatory Notes", + "572fce13a23a5019007fca13": "whether the bill is within the legislative competence of the Parliament", + "572fce13a23a5019007fca14": "the relevant committee or committees", + "572fce13a23a5019007fca15": "Stage 2", + "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd02": "Stage 3", + "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd03": "two", + "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd04": "a final", + "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd05": "wrecking", + "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd06": "at Decision Time", + "572fd264b2c2fd14005684a9": "the Monarch", + "572fd264b2c2fd14005684aa": "it becomes an Act of the Scottish Parliament", + "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ab": "4-week", + "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ac": "Supreme Court of the United Kingdom", + "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ad": "a conventional enacting formula", + "572fd47fa23a5019007fca55": "The party, or parties, that hold the majority of seats in the Parliament", + "572fd47fa23a5019007fca56": "First Minister", + "572fd47fa23a5019007fca57": "Any member", + "572fd47fa23a5019007fca58": "elected MSPs", + "572fd47fa23a5019007fca59": "the Sovereign", + "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76d9f": "first Thursday", + "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da0": "May", + "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da1": "the Monarch", + "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da2": "28", + "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da3": "supplant it", + "572fd73e947a6a140053cd32": "Several procedures", + "572fd73e947a6a140053cd33": "MSPs", + "572fd73e947a6a140053cd34": "a statement to the chamber setting out the Government's legislative programme for the forthcoming year", + "572fd73e947a6a140053cd35": "issues related to the substance of the statement", + "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3a": "Parliamentary time", + "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3b": "Thursday", + "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3c": "any member of the Scottish Government", + "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3d": "issues under their jurisdiction", + "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3e": "four", + "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684f9": "129", + "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fa": "one", + "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fb": "2005", + "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fc": "55,000", + "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fd": "their dispersed population and distance from the Scottish Parliament in Edinburgh", + "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850b": "proportionally to the number of votes received in the second vote of the ballot using the d'Hondt method", + "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850c": "d'Hondt", + "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850d": "quotient", + "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850e": "constituency seats", + "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850f": "iteratively", + "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851d": "a number of qualifications", + "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851e": "1981", + "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851f": "over the age of 18", + "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568520": "police and the armed forces", + "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568521": "Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003", + "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dd9": "in the Scottish Parliament where a party has commanded a parliamentary majority", + "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dda": "Labour", + "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddb": "151 votes", + "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddc": "eight", + "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddd": "Scottish independence", + "572fdc34a23a5019007fca93": "the Conservatives", + "572fdc34a23a5019007fca94": "Edinburgh Pentlands", + "572fdc34a23a5019007fca95": "five seats", + "572fdc34a23a5019007fca96": "Annabel Goldie", + "572fdc34a23a5019007fca97": "Cameron", + "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9d": "procedural", + "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9e": "domestic legislation of the Scottish Parliament", + "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9f": "the West Lothian question", + "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa0": "Conservative", + "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa1": "England", + "572ff626947a6a140053ce8e": "Islamism", + "572ff626947a6a140053ce8f": "all spheres of life.\" Islamism favors the reordering of government and society", + "572ff626947a6a140053ce90": "reordering", + "572ff626947a6a140053ce91": "two poles", + "572ff626947a6a140053ce92": "revolution or invasion", + "572ff760b2c2fd1400568677": "democratic", + "572ff760b2c2fd1400568678": "Palestine", + "572ff760b2c2fd1400568679": "abolish the state of Israel", + "572ff760b2c2fd140056867a": "democracy", + "572ff760b2c2fd140056867b": "religious", + "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f65": "major division", + "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f66": "Sunni pan-Islamism", + "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f67": "sharia rather than the building of Islamic institutions", + "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f68": "democracy", + "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f69": "to maintain their legitimacy", + "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd5": "political", + "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd6": "Islam", + "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd7": "Scholars and observers", + "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd8": "illiberal Islamic regimes", + "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd9": "religion from politics", + "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76f9f": "Islamism", + "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa0": "Americans", + "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa1": "a historical fluke of the \"short-lived era of the heyday of secular Arab nationalism", + "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa2": "between 1945 and 1970", + "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa3": "quietist/non-political Islam", + "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee6": "During the 1970s", + "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee7": "dangerous enemies", + "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee8": "leftist/communist/nationalist insurgents/opposition", + "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee9": "mujahideen Muslim Afghanistan", + "572ffbaab2c2fd14005686cd": "experience, ideology, and weapons", + "572ffc99947a6a140053cef6": "Anwar Sadat", + "572ffc99947a6a140053cef7": "making peace", + "572ffc99947a6a140053cef8": "political support", + "572ffc99947a6a140053cef9": "1975", + "572ffc99947a6a140053cefa": "political support", + "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc7": "strict, conservative Saudi-based Wahhabism", + "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc8": "hate them for their religion", + "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc9": "wars", + "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fca": "infidels", + "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fcb": "Saudi-interpretation", + "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686ef": "Islamist", + "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f0": "housing assistance", + "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f1": "to avoid prohibitively costly dowry demands", + "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f2": "incompetent, inefficient, or neglectful", + "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f3": "rhetoric", + "572ffee1947a6a140053cf14": "law and philosophy", + "572ffee1947a6a140053cf15": "All India Muslim League", + "572ffee1947a6a140053cf16": "1908", + "572ffee1947a6a140053cf17": "Indian National Congress", + "572ffee1947a6a140053cf18": "The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam", + "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686f9": "secularism and secular nationalism", + "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fa": "crowd out", + "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fb": "nationalist differences", + "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fc": "1930", + "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fd": "an independent state for Muslim-majority provinces in northwestern India", + "5730005db2c2fd1400568703": "Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi", + "5730005db2c2fd1400568704": "journalism", + "5730005db2c2fd1400568705": "1941", + "57300137b2c2fd1400568717": "Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi", + "57300137b2c2fd1400568718": "journalism", + "57300137b2c2fd140056871a": "through his writing", + "57300137b2c2fd140056871b": "modern context", + "57300200b2c2fd1400568729": "Sharia", + "57300200b2c2fd140056872a": "an Islamic state", + "57300200b2c2fd140056872b": "unity of God", + "57300200b2c2fd140056872c": "Islamic revolution", + "57300200b2c2fd140056872d": "educational process or da'wah", + "5730035e04bcaa1900d77001": "1928", + "5730035e04bcaa1900d77002": "Ismailiyah, Egypt", + "5730035e04bcaa1900d77003": "Hassan al Banna", + "5730035e04bcaa1900d77004": "the Qur'an", + "5730035e04bcaa1900d77005": "imperialist", + "5730040f947a6a140053cf4c": "violence", + "5730040f947a6a140053cf4d": "1949", + "5730040f947a6a140053cf4e": "Mahmud Fami Naqrashi", + "5730040f947a6a140053cf4f": "1948", + "5730040f947a6a140053cf50": "Gamal Abdul Nasser", + "573004bf947a6a140053cf56": "one of the most influential movements", + "573004bf947a6a140053cf57": "semi-legal", + "573004bf947a6a140053cf58": "field candidates", + "573004bf947a6a140053cf59": "75%", + "573004bf947a6a140053cf5a": "Mohamed Morsi", + "573005b9947a6a140053cf6a": "quick and decisive", + "573005b9947a6a140053cf6b": "a pivotal event", + "573005b9947a6a140053cf6c": "economic", + "573005b9947a6a140053cf6d": "A steep and steady decline", + "573005b9947a6a140053cf6e": "different democratic and anti-democratic Islamist movements", + "5730088e947a6a140053cfac": "Ali Shariati", + "5730088e947a6a140053cfad": "ideological", + "5730088e947a6a140053cfae": "between", + "5730088e947a6a140053cfaf": "Prophet Mohammad", + "5730088e947a6a140053cfb0": "conspiracy against Islam", + "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b7": "The Islamic Republic", + "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b8": "economic", + "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b9": "Shia terrorist", + "57300e2604bcaa1900d770ba": "2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict", + "57300e2604bcaa1900d770bb": "President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad", + "57300ec0947a6a140053d004": "the Soviet Union", + "57300ec0947a6a140053d005": "an Islamic rebellion", + "57300ec0947a6a140053d006": "send aid", + "57300ec0947a6a140053d007": "marginal", + "57300ec0947a6a140053d008": "16,000 to 35,000", + "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d1": "put an end to Saddam Hussein's occupation of Kuwait", + "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d2": "Saddam Hussein", + "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d3": "Islamist groups", + "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d4": "Saudi monarchy", + "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d5": "the west", + "573010fab2c2fd14005687d7": "conservative Muslims", + "573010fab2c2fd14005687d8": "the kingdom", + "573010fab2c2fd14005687d9": "domestic Islamists who attacked it", + "573010fab2c2fd14005687da": "Algeria", + "573010fab2c2fd14005687db": "Osama bin Laden", + "573011de04bcaa1900d770f9": "Qutb", + "573011de04bcaa1900d770fa": "1966", + "573011de04bcaa1900d770fb": "the Brotherhood", + "573011de04bcaa1900d770fc": "Fringe or splinter movements", + "573011de04bcaa1900d770fd": "1970s", + "5730126ba23a5019007fcd09": "Egyptian Islamic Jihad organization", + "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0a": "1981", + "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0b": "\"apostate\" leaders of Muslim states", + "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0c": "apostate", + "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0d": "Muhammad Abd al-Salaam Farag", + "5730131c947a6a140053d052": "violence", + "5730131c947a6a140053d053": "al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya", + "5730131c947a6a140053d054": "unsuccessful", + "5730131c947a6a140053d055": "2003", + "5730131c947a6a140053d056": "political figures", + "5730208fa23a5019007fcded": "quiescent", + "5730208fa23a5019007fcdee": "HAMAS", + "5730208fa23a5019007fcdef": "the destruction of Israel and the establishment of an Islamic state in Palestine", + "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf0": "Palestine", + "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf1": "alcohol", + "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f7": "Hamas", + "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f8": "542", + "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f9": "the majority of the seats", + "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fa": "2007", + "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fb": "driving Israel out of the Gaza Strip", + "57302700a23a5019007fce89": "Islamist", + "57302700a23a5019007fce8a": "Hassan al-Turabi", + "57302700a23a5019007fce8b": "National Islamic Front", + "57302700a23a5019007fce8c": "money from foreign Islamist banking systems", + "57302700a23a5019007fce8d": "university and military academy", + "573027d6a23a5019007fce9d": "1985", + "573027d6a23a5019007fce9e": "with the help of the military", + "573027d6a23a5019007fce9f": "sharia law", + "573027d6a23a5019007fcea0": "Osama bin Laden", + "573027d6a23a5019007fcea1": "American attack on Iraq", + "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726d": "Front Islamique de Salut", + "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726e": "Algeria", + "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726f": "1989", + "5730285a04bcaa1900d77270": "staying home", + "5730285a04bcaa1900d77271": "military coup d'\u00e9tat", + "573028fa04bcaa1900d77287": "justice and prosperity", + "573028fa04bcaa1900d77288": "vicious and destructive", + "573028fa04bcaa1900d77289": "one of the poorest countries on earth", + "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728a": "1992", + "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728b": "80%", + "57302a3aa23a5019007fcecf": "The Taliban", + "57302a3aa23a5019007fced0": "Pakistan", + "57302a3aa23a5019007fced1": "Islamic fundamentalist or neofundamentalist", + "57302a3aa23a5019007fced2": "Sharia", + "57302a3aa23a5019007fced3": "Wahhabism, and the extremist jihadism of their guest Osama bin Laden", + "57302ad804bcaa1900d772af": "July 1977", + "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b0": "alcohol and nightclubs", + "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b1": "Islamism", + "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b2": "his means of seizing power", + "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b3": "1988", + "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689db": "a Wahhabi/Salafi jihadist extremist militant", + "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dc": "Sunni Arabs from Iraq and Syria", + "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dd": "a caliphate", + "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689de": "ten million", + "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689df": "recognition", + "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d7": "2004", + "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d8": "March 2003", + "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d9": "March 2011", + "57302cd004bcaa1900d772da": "failure to consult and \"notorious intransigence\"", + "57302cd004bcaa1900d772db": "human rights abuses and war crimes", + "57302e45947a6a140053d22e": "different view", + "57302e45947a6a140053d22f": "7th century", + "57302e45947a6a140053d230": "1924", + "57302e45947a6a140053d231": "the true Islamic system", + "57302e45947a6a140053d232": "ended the true Islamic system", + "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f5": "armed", + "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f6": "\"ideological struggle\" to change Muslim public opinion", + "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f7": "Muslim", + "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f8": "Egypt", + "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f9": "terrorist groups", + "57302faa04bcaa1900d77311": "over 900,000", + "57302faa04bcaa1900d77312": "Islamist", + "57302faa04bcaa1900d77313": "2007", + "57302faa04bcaa1900d77314": "Londonistan", + "57302faa04bcaa1900d77315": "incitement to terrorism", + "57303048947a6a140053d254": "since 2001", + "57303048947a6a140053d255": "State Department", + "57303048947a6a140053d256": "Christian Whiton", + "57303048947a6a140053d257": "Defense Secretary", + "57303048947a6a140053d258": "undermining the communist ideology", + "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c6": "Latin", + "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c7": "colonization, use of military force, or other means", + "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c9": "Japanese", + "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4ca": "technologies and ideas", + "573062662461fd1900a9cdf7": "influence", + "573062662461fd1900a9cdf8": "Formal", + "573062662461fd1900a9cdfa": "othering", + "573062662461fd1900a9cdfb": "direct", + "57306797396df919000960ee": "uneven", + "57306797396df919000960ef": "informal", + "57306797396df919000960f0": "aggressiveness", + "57306797396df919000960f1": "Informal rule", + "57306797396df919000960f2": "ownership of private industries", + "573081c2069b531400832133": "distinction", + "573081c2069b531400832134": "world systems theory", + "573081c2069b531400832135": "Lenin", + "573081c2069b531400832136": "empires", + "573081c2069b531400832137": "overland", + "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6d": "colonialism", + "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6e": "political focus", + "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6f": "ideological", + "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce70": "Ottoman", + "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce71": "a person or group of people", + "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54c": "Imperialism and colonialism", + "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54d": "taking physical control of another", + "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54e": "by conquering the other state's lands", + "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54f": "characteristics", + "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c550": "the exploitation of the valuable assets and supplies of the nation that was conquered", + "5730876a396df9190009617a": "the defense and justification of empire-building based on seemingly rational grounds", + "5730876a396df9190009617b": "races of highest 'social efficiency'", + "5730876a396df9190009617c": "imperialism", + "5730876a396df9190009617d": "Social Darwinism", + "5730876a396df9190009617e": "whiteness", + "573088da069b53140083216b": "Germany", + "573088da069b53140083216c": "Britain", + "573088da069b53140083216d": "Political", + "573088da069b53140083216e": "necessary for a state\u2019s survival", + "573088da069b53140083216f": "tales of their discoveries", + "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c576": "environmental determinism", + "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c577": "temperate zone", + "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c578": "Orientalism", + "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c579": "uncivilized", + "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c57a": "the superior and the norm", + "57308ddc396df919000961a4": "British Empire", + "57308ddc396df919000961a5": "Roman law", + "57308ddc396df919000961a6": "Aboriginal", + "57308ddc396df919000961a7": "eighteenth century", + "57308ddc396df919000961a8": "empty land", + "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c580": "imaginative geography", + "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c581": "negative vision of itself, as its inferior", + "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c582": "negative vision of itself", + "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c583": "discourse of Orientalism", + "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c584": "irrational and backward", + "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58a": "nineteenth-century maps", + "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58b": "blank space", + "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58c": "to denote unknown or unexplored territory", + "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58d": "nineteenth-century cartographic techniques", + "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58e": "French", + "573092088ab72b1400f9c594": "Genghis Khan", + "573092088ab72b1400f9c595": "pre-Columbian", + "573092088ab72b1400f9c596": "Sub-Saharan Africa", + "573092088ab72b1400f9c597": "dozens", + "573092088ab72b1400f9c598": "European colonial era", + "573093598ab72b1400f9c5ae": "Cultural imperialism", + "573093598ab72b1400f9c5af": "its soft power", + "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b0": "Dallas", + "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b1": "Roman", + "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b2": "bans on foreign popular culture, control of the internet and unauthorised satellite dishes", + "57309446396df919000961b8": "around 1700", + "57309446396df919000961b9": "colonizing, influencing, and annexing other parts of the world", + "57309446396df919000961ba": "thousands", + "57309446396df919000961bb": "middle of the 20th century", + "57309446396df919000961bc": "Open Door Policy", + "57309564069b5314008321a5": "1919", + "57309564069b5314008321a6": "1999", + "57309564069b5314008321a7": "historians", + "57309564069b5314008321a8": "economy", + "57309564069b5314008321a9": "many imperial powers", + "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d2": "economic growth", + "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d3": "colonies", + "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d4": "mid-18th century", + "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d5": "political weakness of the Mughal state", + "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dc": "communication", + "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dd": "deadly explosives", + "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5de": "machine gun", + "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5df": "arrows, swords, and leather shields", + "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5e0": "Southern Africa", + "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e6": "British", + "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e7": "late 1870s", + "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e8": "philanthropy", + "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e9": "need for capitalist economies to constantly expand investment, material resources and manpower in such a way that necessitated colonial expansion", + "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c600": "aristocracy", + "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c601": "before World War I", + "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c602": "1950s", + "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c603": "disease", + "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c604": "domestic social reforms", + "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60a": "environmental determinism", + "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60b": "the environment in which they lived", + "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60c": "less civilized", + "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60d": "Africa", + "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60e": "orientalism and tropicality", + "5730a314069b5314008321eb": "geographic scholars", + "5730a314069b5314008321ec": "Northern Europe and the Mid-Atlantic", + "5730a314069b5314008321ed": "guidance and intervention", + "5730a314069b5314008321ee": "orientalism", + "5730a314069b5314008321ef": "colonizing empires", + "5730a40f396df91900096234": "sixteenth century", + "5730a40f396df91900096235": "1599", + "5730a40f396df91900096236": "Queen Elizabeth", + "5730a40f396df91900096237": "almost bringing the company into bankruptcy", + "5730a40f396df91900096238": "Portuguese", + "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf29": "1830", + "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2a": "1850", + "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2b": "North and West Africa", + "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2c": "when Germany started to build her own colonial empire", + "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2d": "Catholicism", + "5730a951069b531400832213": "civilize the inferior", + "5730a951069b531400832214": "Full citizenship rights", + "5730a951069b531400832215": "France sent small numbers of settlers to its colonies", + "5730a951069b531400832216": "Christianity and French culture", + "5730a951069b531400832217": "Algeria", + "5730aa52069b53140083221d": "overseas colonies", + "5730aa52069b53140083221e": "anti-colonial movements", + "5730aa52069b53140083221f": "Vietnam", + "5730aa52069b531400832220": "France fought and lost a bitter war in Vietnam", + "5730aa52069b531400832221": "1960", + "5730ab63396df91900096260": "Scandinavia and northern Europe", + "5730ab63396df91900096261": "middle period of classical antiquity", + "5730ab63396df91900096262": "late antiquity", + "5730ab63396df91900096263": "Muslim Iberia", + "5730ab63396df91900096264": "central Europe", + "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf73": "late 19th century", + "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf74": "1862", + "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf75": "after the Franco-German War", + "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf76": "Europe", + "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf77": "Napoleon", + "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c682": "South Pacific", + "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c683": "German prestige", + "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c684": "German New Guinea", + "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c685": "1883\u201384", + "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c686": "Hamburg merchants and traders", + "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa3": "1894", + "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa4": "Japan took part of Sakhalin Island from Russia", + "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa5": "Manchuria", + "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa6": "Thailand", + "5730b255396df919000962b0": "People\u2019s Republic of China", + "5730b255396df919000962b1": "1932", + "5730b255396df919000962b2": "Lenin", + "5730b255396df919000962b3": "in areas its forces occupied in Eastern Europe", + "5730b255396df919000962b4": "Bolshevik leaders", + "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc5": "world revolution", + "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc6": "Lenin", + "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc7": "socialism in one country", + "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc8": "Nikita Khrushchev", + "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc9": "Mao Zedong", + "5730b541396df919000962c2": "mercantilism", + "5730b541396df919000962c3": "1776", + "5730b541396df919000962c4": "1820", + "5730b541396df919000962c5": "free trade", + "5730b541396df919000962c6": "1815", + "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfcf": "British", + "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd0": "pseudo-sciences", + "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd1": "Middle East", + "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd2": "The British Empire", + "5730b7ce069b5314008322c3": "make the world safe for democracy\"", + "5730b7ce069b5314008322c4": "interventionism in Central America", + "5730b7ce069b5314008322c5": "Philippines", + "5730b7ce069b5314008322c6": "a war erupted", + "5730b7ce069b5314008322c7": "racket", + "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c704": "Isiah Bowman", + "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c705": "1917", + "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c706": "the American delegation", + "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c707": "allow for U.S authorship of a 'new world' which was to be characterized by geographical order", + "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c708": "Wilson's geographer", + "5730bb522461fd1900a9d011": "internal strife", + "5730bb522461fd1900a9d012": "internal", + "5730bb522461fd1900a9d013": "12 to 15 million", + "5730bb522461fd1900a9d015": "contemporary Orient", + "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73c": "1923", + "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73d": "Suleiman the Magnificent", + "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73e": "32", + "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73f": "Southeast Europe, Western Asia, the Caucasus, North Africa, and the Horn of Africa", + "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c740": "1299 to 1923. During the 16th and 17th centuries", + "5730bd00069b5314008322d7": "Istanbul", + "5730bd00069b5314008322d9": "Germany", + "5730bd00069b5314008322da": "Turkey", + "5730bd00069b5314008322db": "creation of modern Balkan and Middle Eastern states", + "5732b6b5328d981900602021": "Warsaw", + "5732b6b5328d981900602022": "Vistula River", + "5732b6b5328d981900602023": "260 kilometres", + "5732b6b5328d981900602024": "2.666 million", + "5732b6b5328d981900602025": "9th", + "573312fcd058e614000b56e6": "Economist Intelligence Unit", + "573312fcd058e614000b56e7": "2012", + "573312fcd058e614000b56e8": "FMCG manufacturing, metal processing, steel and electronic manufacturing and food processing", + "573312fcd058e614000b56e9": "Warsaw Stock Exchange", + "573312fcd058e614000b56ea": "Frontex", + "5733140a4776f419006606e0": "1313", + "5733140a4776f419006606e1": "Krak\u00f3w", + "5733140a4776f419006606e2": "1596", + "5733140a4776f419006606e3": "King Sigismund III Vasa", + "5733140a4776f419006606e4": "it has survived many wars, conflicts and invasions throughout its long history", + "573314e3d058e614000b56f0": "Roman Catholic archdiocese", + "573314e3d058e614000b56f1": "Polish Academy of Sciences", + "573314e3d058e614000b56f2": "UNESCO World Heritage Site", + "573314e3d058e614000b56f3": "architectural", + "573314e3d058e614000b56f4": "luxurious parks and royal gardens", + "57332442d058e614000b5720": "Warszawa", + "57332442d058e614000b5721": "belonging to Warsz", + "57332442d058e614000b5722": "a 12th/13th-century nobleman", + "57332442d058e614000b5723": "a village", + "57332442d058e614000b5724": "miasto sto\u0142eczne Warszawa", + "57332562d058e614000b5730": "Jazd\u00f3w", + "57332562d058e614000b5731": "The Prince of P\u0142ock", + "57332562d058e614000b5732": "1300", + "57332562d058e614000b5733": "1413", + "57332562d058e614000b5734": "1526", + "5733266d4776f41900660712": "General Sejm", + "5733266d4776f41900660713": "1569", + "5733266d4776f41900660714": "religious freedom", + "5733266d4776f41900660715": "its central location between the Commonwealth's capitals of Krak\u00f3w and Vilnius", + "5733266d4776f41900660716": "1596", + "57332a734776f41900660726": "until 1796", + "57332a734776f41900660727": "Kingdom of Prussia", + "57332a734776f41900660728": "Napoleon's army", + "57332a734776f41900660729": "1815", + "57332a734776f4190066072a": "1816", + "57332b66d058e614000b5758": "4 August 1915 until November 1918", + "57332b66d058e614000b5759": "areas controlled by Russia", + "57332b66d058e614000b575a": "Pi\u0142sudski", + "57332b66d058e614000b575b": "1920", + "57332b66d058e614000b575c": "Red Army", + "57332c1e4776f4190066073a": "1 September 1939", + "57332c1e4776f4190066073b": "German Nazi colonial administration", + "57332c1e4776f4190066073c": "30%", + "57332c1e4776f4190066073d": "19 April 1943", + "57332c1e4776f4190066073e": "almost a month", + "57332e48d058e614000b5762": "Red Army", + "57332e48d058e614000b5763": "Knowing that Stalin was hostile to the idea of an independent Poland", + "57332e48d058e614000b5764": "1 August 1944", + "57332e48d058e614000b5765": "63", + "57332e48d058e614000b5766": "between 150,000 and 200,000", + "57332f81d058e614000b5776": "Bricks for Warsaw", + "57332f81d058e614000b5777": "prefabricated", + "57332f81d058e614000b5778": "Eastern Bloc city", + "57332f81d058e614000b5779": "Palace of Culture and Science", + "57332f81d058e614000b577a": "UNESCO's World Heritage list", + "573330444776f41900660758": "John Paul II", + "573330444776f41900660759": "solidarity movement", + "573330444776f4190066075a": "less than a year", + "573330444776f4190066075b": "Victory Square", + "573330444776f4190066075c": "the incentive for the democratic changes", + "5733314e4776f4190066076a": "300", + "5733314e4776f4190066076b": "523 km (325", + "5733314e4776f4190066076c": "Vistula River", + "5733314e4776f4190066076d": "115.7 metres", + "5733314e4776f4190066076e": "at the right bank of the Vistula, by the eastern border of Warsaw", + "57335c20d058e614000b58f9": "two", + "57335c20d058e614000b58fa": "Vistula Valley", + "57335c20d058e614000b58fb": "The Vistula River", + "57335c20d058e614000b58fc": "moraine plateau", + "57335c20d058e614000b58fd": "Warsaw Escarpment", + "57335ddbd058e614000b592f": "plain moraine", + "57335ddbd058e614000b5930": "former flooded terraces", + "57335ddbd058e614000b5931": "valleys and ground depressions", + "57335ddbd058e614000b5932": "the highest terrace", + "57335ddbd058e614000b5933": "pine forest", + "57335fcad058e614000b5970": "the turbulent history of the city and country", + "57335fcad058e614000b5971": "During the Second World War", + "57335fcad058e614000b5972": "After liberation", + "57335fcad058e614000b5973": "Leopold Kronenberg Palace", + "57335fcad058e614000b5974": "basic design typical of Eastern bloc countries", + "573361404776f4190066093c": "Gothic", + "573361404776f4190066093d": "14th century", + "573361404776f4190066093e": "Masovian gothic style", + "573361404776f4190066093f": "Renaissance", + "573361404776f41900660940": "mannerist architecture", + "573362b94776f41900660974": "17th century", + "573362b94776f41900660975": "1688\u20131692", + "573362b94776f41900660976": "rococo", + "573362b94776f41900660977": "neoclassical architecture", + "573362b94776f41900660978": "1775\u20131795", + "5733638fd058e614000b59e8": "bourgeois", + "5733638fd058e614000b59e9": "after the war", + "5733638fd058e614000b59ea": "socialist realism", + "5733638fd058e614000b59eb": "Warsaw University of Technology building", + "5733638fd058e614000b59ec": "the most distinctive buildings", + "5733647e4776f419006609ae": "Pawiak", + "5733647e4776f419006609af": "Pawiak", + "5733647e4776f419006609b0": "Warsaw Citadel", + "5733647e4776f419006609b1": "the children who served as messengers and frontline troops in the Warsaw Uprising", + "5733647e4776f419006609b2": "Warsaw Uprising Monument", + "57336755d058e614000b5a3c": "Saxon Garden", + "57336755d058e614000b5a3d": "100", + "57336755d058e614000b5a3e": "east", + "57336755d058e614000b5a3f": "Krasi\u0144ski Palace Garden", + "57336755d058e614000b5a40": "\u0141azienki Park", + "573368044776f41900660a29": "green spaces", + "573368044776f41900660a2a": "New Orangery", + "573368044776f41900660a2b": "Pole Mokotowskie (a big park in the northern Mokot\u00f3w", + "573368044776f41900660a2c": "Park Ujazdowski", + "573368044776f41900660a2d": "1927", + "573368e54776f41900660a53": "the location of Warsaw within the border region of several big floral regions", + "573368e54776f41900660a54": "within the borders of Warsaw", + "573368e54776f41900660a55": "Masovian Primeval Forest", + "573368e54776f41900660a56": "Kabaty Forest", + "573368e54776f41900660a57": "two", + "57337ddc4776f41900660bba": "13", + "57337ddc4776f41900660bbb": "15 kilometres", + "57337ddc4776f41900660bbc": "otter, beaver and hundreds of bird species", + "57337ddc4776f41900660bbd": "several", + "57337ddc4776f41900660bbe": "to clean them of plants and sediments", + "57337ea24776f41900660bd0": "foreign-born inhabitants", + "57337ea24776f41900660bd1": "Jewish", + "57337ea24776f41900660bd2": "34%", + "57337ea24776f41900660bd3": "833,500", + "57337ea24776f41900660bd4": "internal migration and urbanisation", + "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcb": "c. 1,300,000", + "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcc": "420,000", + "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcd": "1951", + "57337f6ad058e614000b5bce": "better only because they lived in the capital", + "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcf": "residency registration", + "57338007d058e614000b5bda": "multi-cultural", + "57338007d058e614000b5bdb": "711,988", + "57338007d058e614000b5bdc": "56.2%", + "57338007d058e614000b5bdd": "2.8%", + "57338007d058e614000b5bde": "in the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944", + "573380e0d058e614000b5be9": "a commune (gmina)", + "573380e0d058e614000b5bea": "counties or powiats", + "573380e0d058e614000b5beb": "Krak\u00f3w", + "57338160d058e614000b5bf9": "Warsaw City Council", + "57338160d058e614000b5bfa": "60", + "57338160d058e614000b5bfb": "every four years", + "57338160d058e614000b5bfc": "committees", + "57338160d058e614000b5bfd": "30", + "57338255d058e614000b5c0d": "President", + "57338255d058e614000b5c0e": "Jan Andrzej Menich", + "57338255d058e614000b5c0f": "1695\u20131696", + "57338255d058e614000b5c10": "the City council", + "57338255d058e614000b5c11": "Centrum", + "573382d24776f41900660c37": "\u015ar\u00f3dmie\u015bcie", + "573382d24776f41900660c38": "304,016", + "573382d24776f41900660c39": "emerging market", + "573382d24776f41900660c3a": "12%", + "573382d24776f41900660c3b": "191.766 billion PLN", + "5733834ed058e614000b5c26": "1817", + "5733834ed058e614000b5c27": "post-war communist control of the country and the reintroduction of a free-market economy", + "5733834ed058e614000b5c28": "April 1991", + "5733834ed058e614000b5c29": "374", + "5733834ed058e614000b5c2a": "Polish United Workers' Party", + "573383d0d058e614000b5c35": "1951", + "573383d0d058e614000b5c36": "Polonez", + "573383d0d058e614000b5c37": "Daewoo", + "573383d0d058e614000b5c38": "AvtoZAZ", + "573383d0d058e614000b5c39": "Chevrolet Aveo", + "57339555d058e614000b5df3": "1816", + "57339555d058e614000b5df4": "Warsaw University of Technology", + "57339555d058e614000b5df5": "2,000", + "57339555d058e614000b5df6": "Medical University of Warsaw", + "57339555d058e614000b5df7": "Fryderyk Chopin University of Music", + "57339902d058e614000b5e70": "1816", + "57339902d058e614000b5e71": "over two million", + "57339902d058e614000b5e72": "architects", + "57339902d058e614000b5e73": "Irena Bajerska", + "57339902d058e614000b5e74": "10,000 m2", + "573399b54776f41900660e64": "infrastructure", + "573399b54776f41900660e65": "the initial Three-Year Plan", + "573399b54776f41900660e66": "solid economic growth, an increase in foreign investment as well as funding from the European Union", + "573399b54776f41900660e67": "improved markedly", + "57339a554776f41900660e74": "Warsaw", + "57339a554776f41900660e75": "Children's Memorial Health Institute", + "57339a554776f41900660e76": "Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Institute of Oncology", + "57339a554776f41900660e77": "700", + "57339a554776f41900660e78": "developed", + "57339ad74776f41900660e86": "musical", + "57339ad74776f41900660e87": "events and festivals", + "57339ad74776f41900660e88": "the Palace of Culture and Science", + "57339ad74776f41900660e89": "Warsaw", + "57339ad74776f41900660e8a": "events and festivals", + "57339c16d058e614000b5ec5": "Ogr\u00f3d Saski", + "57339c16d058e614000b5ec6": "Ogr\u00f3d Saski", + "57339c16d058e614000b5ec7": "1870 to 1939", + "57339c16d058e614000b5ec8": "Momus", + "57339c16d058e614000b5ec9": "Wojciech Bogus\u0142awski Theatre", + "57339dd94776f41900660ecc": "Wianki", + "57339dd94776f41900660ecd": "thousands", + "57339dd94776f41900660ece": "Midsummer\u2019s Night", + "57339dd94776f41900660ecf": "when they would be married, and to whom", + "57339dd94776f41900660ed0": "fern", + "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef6": "art posters", + "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef7": "60", + "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef8": "prestigious ones", + "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef9": "paintings", + "57339eb9d058e614000b5efa": "arms", + "5733a1854776f41900660f0a": "Warsaw Uprising Museum", + "5733a1854776f41900660f0b": "Katy\u0144 Museum", + "5733a1854776f41900660f0c": "stereoscopic", + "5733a1854776f41900660f0d": "The Museum of Independence", + "5733a1854776f41900660f0e": "60", + "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f28": "Royal Ujazd\u00f3w Castle", + "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f29": "500", + "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2a": "Zach\u0119ta National Gallery of Art", + "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2b": "Polish and international artists", + "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2c": "last weekend of September", + "5733a32bd058e614000b5f32": "Polonia Warsaw", + "5733a32bd058e614000b5f33": "1946", + "5733a32bd058e614000b5f34": "twice", + "5733a32bd058e614000b5f35": "Konwiktorska Street", + "5733a32bd058e614000b5f36": "their disastrous financial situation", + "5733a45d4776f41900660f23": "syrenka", + "5733a45d4776f41900660f24": "The mermaid", + "5733a45d4776f41900660f25": "since at least the mid-14th century", + "5733a45d4776f41900660f26": "1390", + "5733a45d4776f41900660f27": "a sword", + "5733a560d058e614000b5f77": "mermaid", + "5733a560d058e614000b5f78": "the depths of the oceans and seas", + "5733a560d058e614000b5f79": "the coast of Denmark", + "5733a560d058e614000b5f7a": "Warszowa", + "5733a560d058e614000b5f7b": "captured the mermaid", + "5733a5f54776f41900660f44": "Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie", + "5733a5f54776f41900660f45": "the Nobel Prize", + "5733a5f54776f41900660f46": "W\u0142adys\u0142aw Szpilman", + "5733a5f54776f41900660f47": "seven months old", + "5733a5f54776f41900660f48": "1745", + "5733a6ac4776f41900660f58": "Warsaw", + "5733a6ac4776f41900660f59": "1916", + "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5a": "Art Deco style in painting and art", + "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5b": "poet", + "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5c": "Isaac Bashevis Singer", + "5733cf61d058e614000b62e9": "1754\u20131763", + "5733cf61d058e614000b62ea": "the colonies of British America and New France", + "5733cf61d058e614000b62eb": "60,000", + "5733cf61d058e614000b62ec": "2 million", + "5733cff84776f419006612b4": "along the frontiers between New France and the British colonies", + "5733cff84776f419006612b5": "a dispute over control of the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers", + "5733cff84776f419006612b6": "May 1754", + "5733d13e4776f419006612c4": "1755", + "5733d13e4776f419006612c5": "a disaster", + "5733d13e4776f419006612c6": "poor management, internal divisions, and effective Canadian scouts, French regular forces, and Indian warrior allies", + "5733d13e4776f419006612c7": "Fort Beaus\u00e9jour", + "5733d13e4776f419006612c8": "four-way attack", + "5733d249d058e614000b6331": "William Pitt", + "5733d249d058e614000b6332": "large convoys to aid the limited forces it had in New France", + "5733d249d058e614000b6333": "European theatre of the war", + "5733d249d058e614000b6334": "Sainte Foy in Quebec", + "5733d2dbd058e614000b6339": "east of the Mississippi", + "5733d2dbd058e614000b633a": "French Louisiana", + "5733d2dbd058e614000b633b": "one of the most significant developments in a century of Anglo-French conflict", + "5733d3cb4776f419006612ea": "1740s", + "5733d3cb4776f419006612eb": "it obscures the fact that Indians fought on both sides of the conflict", + "5733d3cb4776f419006612ec": "a much larger conflict between France and Great Britain", + "5733d3cb4776f419006612ed": "the Fourth Intercolonial War and the Great War for the Empire", + "5733d4c8d058e614000b6353": "from the official declaration of war in 1756 to the signing of the peace treaty in 1763", + "5733d4c8d058e614000b6354": "six years", + "5733d4c8d058e614000b6355": "1760", + "5733d4c8d058e614000b6356": "Battle of Jumonville Glen", + "5733d5704776f4190066130e": "75,000", + "5733d5704776f4190066130f": "Illinois Country", + "5733d5704776f41900661310": "throughout the St. Lawrence and Mississippi watersheds", + "5733d68ed058e614000b637f": "20 to 1", + "5733d68ed058e614000b6380": "along the eastern coast of the continent", + "5733d68ed058e614000b6381": "along the coast", + "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ab": "native tribes", + "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ac": "Mi'kmaq and the Abenaki", + "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ad": "present-day Upstate New York and the Ohio Country", + "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ae": "Iroquois rule", + "5733da01d058e614000b63f9": "Catawba", + "5733da01d058e614000b63fa": "western portions of the Great Lakes region", + "5733da01d058e614000b63fb": "Iroquois Six Nations", + "5733dab4d058e614000b6409": "no French regular army troops were stationed in North America", + "5733dab4d058e614000b640a": "few", + "5733dab4d058e614000b640b": "ill trained and available only for short periods, to deal with native threats", + "5733db8dd058e614000b6428": "about 200 Troupes de la marine and 30 Indians", + "5733db8dd058e614000b6429": "200 Troupes de la marine and 30 Indians", + "5733db8dd058e614000b642a": "told them to leave", + "5733dc95d058e614000b644a": "they owned the Ohio Country", + "5733dc95d058e614000b644b": "Pickawillany", + "5733dc95d058e614000b644c": "ignored the warning", + "5733dc95d058e614000b644d": "ignored the warning", + "5733dd4f4776f419006613aa": "very badly disposed towards the French", + "5733dd4f4776f419006613ab": "each side proposing that action be taken", + "5733dd4f4776f419006613ac": "forceful", + "5733e5a14776f4190066145b": "1749", + "5733e5a14776f4190066145c": "Ohio Company of Virginia", + "5733e5a14776f4190066145d": "Christopher Gist", + "5733e5a14776f4190066145e": "1752 Treaty of Logstown", + "5733e5a14776f4190066145f": "at the mouth of the Monongahela River", + "5733e771d058e614000b6545": "King George's War", + "5733e771d058e614000b6546": "Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle", + "5733e771d058e614000b6547": "conflicting territorial claims between British and French colonies in North America", + "5733e771d058e614000b6548": "Frontiers from between Nova Scotia and Acadia in the north, to the Ohio Country in the south, were claimed by both sides", + "5733e8ae4776f419006614a6": "Marquis de la Jonqui\u00e8re", + "5733e8ae4776f419006614a7": "300", + "5733e8ae4776f419006614a8": "to punish the Miami people of Pickawillany for not following C\u00e9loron's orders to cease trading with the British", + "5733e8ae4776f419006614a9": "capturing three traders and killing 14 people of the Miami nation", + "5733ea04d058e614000b6594": "Paul Marin de la Malgue", + "5733ea04d058e614000b6595": "Presque Isle", + "5733ea04d058e614000b6596": "Fort Le Boeuf", + "5733ea04d058e614000b6597": "to protect the King's land in the Ohio Valley from the British", + "5733ea04d058e614000b6598": "Tanaghrisson", + "5733eb34d058e614000b65cc": "Superintendent for Indian Affairs", + "5733eb34d058e614000b65cd": "Warraghiggey", + "5733eb34d058e614000b65ce": "Warraghiggey", + "5733eb34d058e614000b65cf": "Mohawk Chief Hendrick", + "5733ef47d058e614000b662b": "Ohio Company", + "5733ef47d058e614000b662c": "George Washington", + "5733ef47d058e614000b662d": "Jacob Van Braam", + "5733ef47d058e614000b662e": "December 12", + "5733f062d058e614000b6633": "Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre", + "5733f062d058e614000b6634": "demanding an immediate French withdrawal from the Ohio Country", + "5733f062d058e614000b6635": "I do not think myself obliged to obey it.\"", + "5733f062d058e614000b6636": "Ren\u00e9-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle had explored the Ohio Country nearly a century earlier", + "5733f1784776f41900661575": "500", + "5733f1784776f41900661576": "1754", + "5733f1784776f41900661577": "Fort Duquesne", + "5733f309d058e614000b6648": "surprised the Canadians", + "5733f309d058e614000b6649": "many of the Canadians", + "5733f309d058e614000b664a": "to gain the support of the British and regain authority over his own people", + "5733f410d058e614000b6663": "dislodge the French", + "5733f410d058e614000b6664": "well before Braddock's departure for North America.", + "5733f410d058e614000b6665": "dispatched six regiments to New France", + "5733f410d058e614000b6666": "blockade French ports", + "5733f5264776f419006615a3": "Albany Congress", + "5733f5264776f419006615a4": "formalize a unified front in trade and negotiations with various Indians", + "5733f5264776f419006615a5": "The plan that the delegates agreed to was never ratified by the colonial legislatures nor approved of by the crown", + "5733f5264776f419006615a6": "to formalize a unified front in trade and negotiations with various Indians", + "5733f5f24776f419006615c1": "Braddock", + "5733f5f24776f419006615c2": "The expedition was a disaster", + "5733f5f24776f419006615c3": "1,000", + "5733f5f24776f419006615c4": "Washington and Thomas Gage", + "5733f7b9d058e614000b66a9": "Shirley and Johnson", + "5733f7b9d058e614000b66aa": "logistical difficulties", + "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ab": "Fort Niagara", + "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ac": "garrisons", + "5733f8dc4776f419006615f7": "Marquis de Vaudreuil", + "5733f8dc4776f419006615f8": "sent Dieskau to Fort St. Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric", + "5733f8dc4776f419006615f9": "The two forces finally met in the bloody Battle of Lake George between Fort Edward and Fort William Henry", + "5733f8dc4776f419006615fa": "Fort William Henry", + "5733f8dc4776f419006615fb": "Ticonderoga Point", + "5733f9fa4776f4190066161f": "Colonel Monckton", + "5733f9fa4776f41900661620": "ordered the deportation of the French-speaking Acadian population from the area", + "5733f9fa4776f41900661621": "Petitcodiac in 1755 and at Bloody Creek near Annapolis Royal in 1757", + "5733faaf4776f4190066162f": "William Shirley", + "5733faaf4776f41900661630": "Albany", + "5733faaf4776f41900661631": "Fort Frontenac on the north shore of Lake Ontario", + "5733faaf4776f41900661632": "through the wilderness of the Maine district and down the Chaudi\u00e8re River to attack the city of Quebec", + "5733fb7bd058e614000b66ff": "Major General James Abercrombie", + "5733fb7bd058e614000b6700": "Major General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm", + "5733fb7bd058e614000b6701": "May 18, 1756", + "5733fc6ed058e614000b670f": "Oneida Carry", + "5733fc6ed058e614000b6710": "forts Shirley had erected at the Oneida Carry", + "5733fc6ed058e614000b6711": "45,000 pounds", + "5733fc6ed058e614000b6712": "campaigns on Lake Ontario", + "5733fd66d058e614000b6735": "Abercrombie", + "5733fd66d058e614000b6736": "Ticonderoga", + "5733fd66d058e614000b6737": "Albany", + "5733fd66d058e614000b6738": "about the disposition of prisoners' personal effects", + "5733fe73d058e614000b673d": "an attack on New France's capital, Quebec", + "5733fe73d058e614000b673e": "to distract Montcalm", + "5733fe73d058e614000b673f": "William Pitt", + "5733fe73d058e614000b6740": "returned to New York", + "5733ffa7d058e614000b674f": "French irregular forces", + "5733ffa7d058e614000b6750": "Lake George", + "5733ffa7d058e614000b6751": "attacked the British column", + "57340111d058e614000b677d": "a poor harvest in 1757, a difficult winter, and the allegedly corrupt machinations of Fran\u00e7ois Bigot", + "57340111d058e614000b677e": "allegedly corrupt machinations of Fran\u00e7ois Bigot, the intendant of the territory", + "57340111d058e614000b677f": "St. Lawrence", + "5734025d4776f419006616c3": "British failures in North America", + "5734025d4776f419006616c4": "Loudoun", + "5734025d4776f419006616c5": "three major offensive actions", + "5734025d4776f419006616c6": "Two", + "573403394776f419006616dd": "3,600", + "573403394776f419006616de": "3,600 Frenchmen famously and decisively defeated Abercrombie's force of 18,000", + "573403394776f419006616df": "destroyed Fort Frontenac", + "573403394776f419006616e0": "saved something", + "57340549d058e614000b67dd": "an invasion of Britain", + "57340549d058e614000b67de": "The invasion failed both militarily and politically", + "57340549d058e614000b67df": "Lagos and Quiberon Bay", + "573406d1d058e614000b6801": "James Wolfe", + "573406d1d058e614000b6802": "successfully cut off the French frontier forts further to the west and south", + "573406d1d058e614000b6803": "Battle of Sainte-Foy", + "573406d1d058e614000b6804": "naval Battle of the Restigouche", + "573407d7d058e614000b6813": "Governor Vaudreuil", + "573407d7d058e614000b6814": "any French residents who chose to remain in the colony would be given freedom to continue worshiping in their Roman Catholic tradition", + "573407d7d058e614000b6815": "General Amherst", + "573408ef4776f41900661757": "10 February 1763", + "573408ef4776f41900661758": "15 February 1763", + "573408ef4776f41900661759": "France chose to cede the former", + "573408ef4776f4190066175a": "had been occupied by the British", + "57340a094776f4190066177d": "80,000", + "57340a094776f4190066177e": "1755", + "57340a094776f4190066177f": "North American provinces", + "57340a094776f41900661780": "New Orleans", + "57340b1bd058e614000b6869": "King George III", + "57340b1bd058e614000b686a": "the division and administration of the newly conquered territory", + "57340b1bd058e614000b686b": "west of the Appalachian Mountains", + "57340d124776f419006617bf": "disappearance of a strong ally and counterweight to British expansion", + "57340d124776f419006617c0": "legal and illegal settlement due to the construction of military roads to the area by Braddock and Forbes", + "57340d124776f419006617c1": "1769", + "57340d124776f419006617c2": "Yamasee", + "57340d124776f419006617c3": "Cuba", + "573735e8c3c5551400e51e71": "force", + "573735e8c3c5551400e51e72": "A fundamental error", + "573735e8c3c5551400e51e73": "Sir Isaac Newton", + "573735e8c3c5551400e51e74": "nearly three hundred years", + "573735e8c3c5551400e51e75": "Einstein", + "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7b": "a Standard Model", + "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7c": "the fundamental means by which forces are emitted and absorbed", + "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7d": "electromagnetic, weak, and gravitational", + "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7e": "electromagnetic", + "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7f": "a more fundamental electroweak interaction", + "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e85": "Aristotle", + "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e86": "Aristotelian cosmology", + "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e87": "four", + "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e88": "on the ground", + "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e89": "unnatural", + "57373f80c3c5551400e51e8f": "17th century", + "57373f80c3c5551400e51e90": "Galileo Galilei", + "57373f80c3c5551400e51e91": "an innate force of impetus", + "57373f80c3c5551400e51e92": "Galileo Galilei, who was influenced by the late Medieval idea that objects in forced motion carried an innate force of impetus. Galileo", + "57373f80c3c5551400e51e93": "friction", + "5737432bc3c5551400e51e99": "Newton", + "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9a": "a lack of net force", + "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9b": "Newton", + "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9c": "Newton's First Law", + "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9d": "the same", + "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea3": "the laws of physics", + "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea4": "curving parabolic path", + "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea5": "at rest", + "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea6": "Inertia", + "573749741c4567190057445d": "inertia", + "573749741c4567190057445e": "rotational inertia", + "573749741c4567190057445f": "Albert Einstein", + "573749741c45671900574460": "weightlessness", + "573749741c45671900574461": "principle of equivalence", + "573750f51c45671900574467": "Newton's Second Law", + "573750f61c45671900574468": "kinematic", + "573750f61c45671900574469": "General relativity", + "573750f61c4567190057446a": "General relativity", + "573750f61c4567190057446b": "fixed", + "5737534ec3c5551400e51eab": "Newton's Third Law", + "5737534ec3c5551400e51eac": "The third", + "5737534ec3c5551400e51ead": "unidirectional", + "5737534ec3c5551400e51eae": "F and \u2212F are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction", + "573755afc3c5551400e51eb3": "the center of mass", + "573755afc3c5551400e51eb4": "closed", + "573755afc3c5551400e51eb5": "the mass of the system", + "573766251c45671900574471": "intuitive understanding", + "573766251c45671900574472": "precise operational definitions", + "573766251c45671900574473": "Newtonian mechanics", + "573766251c45671900574474": "Through experimentation", + "57376828c3c5551400e51eb9": "vector quantities", + "57376828c3c5551400e51eba": "scalar quantities", + "57376828c3c5551400e51ebb": "Associating forces with vectors", + "57376828c3c5551400e51ebc": "ambiguous", + "57376828c3c5551400e51ebd": "it is impossible", + "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec3": "static equilibrium", + "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec4": "magnitude and direction", + "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec5": "net force", + "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec6": "their respective lines of application", + "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec7": "point particle", + "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecd": "independent components", + "57376c50c3c5551400e51ece": "two", + "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecf": "the original force", + "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed0": "orthogonal components", + "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed1": "three-dimensional", + "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed7": "static friction", + "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed8": "static friction", + "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed9": "the applied force", + "57376df3c3c5551400e51eda": "applied force", + "57377083c3c5551400e51edf": "forces", + "57377083c3c5551400e51ee0": "spring reaction force", + "57377083c3c5551400e51ee1": "the object's weight", + "57377083c3c5551400e51ee2": "gravity", + "57377083c3c5551400e51ee3": "Isaac Newton", + "573776eec3c5551400e51ee9": "Galileo", + "573776eec3c5551400e51eea": "rest", + "573776eec3c5551400e51eeb": "Aristotle", + "573776eec3c5551400e51eec": "behind the foot of the mast of a moving ship", + "573776eec3c5551400e51eed": "behind the foot of the mast of a moving ship", + "57377862c3c5551400e51ef3": "dynamic equilibrium", + "57377862c3c5551400e51ef4": "kinetic friction force", + "57377862c3c5551400e51ef5": "kinetic friction", + "57377862c3c5551400e51ef6": "Aristotle", + "57377aac1c45671900574479": "Schr\u00f6dinger equation", + "57377aac1c4567190057447a": "Newtonian equations", + "57377aac1c4567190057447b": "classical position variables", + "57377aac1c4567190057447c": "quantized", + "57377aac1c4567190057447d": "force", + "57377c98c3c5551400e51efb": "spin", + "57377c98c3c5551400e51efc": "Pauli", + "57377c98c3c5551400e51efd": "the value of the spin", + "57377c98c3c5551400e51efe": "symmetric", + "57377c98c3c5551400e51eff": "antisymmetric", + "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f05": "mathematical by-product", + "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f06": "force", + "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f07": "conservation of momentum", + "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f08": "Feynman diagrams", + "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f09": "straight", + "5737804dc3c5551400e51f0f": "four", + "5737804dc3c5551400e51f10": "strong and weak forces", + "5737804dc3c5551400e51f11": "electromagnetic force", + "5737804dc3c5551400e51f12": "masses", + "5737804dc3c5551400e51f13": "Pauli exclusion principle", + "5737821cc3c5551400e51f19": "Isaac Newton", + "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1a": "20th", + "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1b": "unification", + "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1c": "self-consistent unification models", + "573784fa1c45671900574483": "Isaac Newton", + "573784fa1c45671900574484": "Galileo", + "573784fa1c45671900574485": "9.81 meters per second squared", + "573784fa1c45671900574486": "sea level", + "573784fa1c45671900574487": "force of gravity", + "573786b51c4567190057448d": "at larger distances", + "573786b51c4567190057448e": "the Moon", + "573786b51c4567190057448f": "the mass of the attracting body", + "573786b51c45671900574490": "radius", + "57378862c3c5551400e51f21": "a dimensional constant", + "57378862c3c5551400e51f22": "Henry Cavendish", + "57378862c3c5551400e51f23": "1798", + "57378862c3c5551400e51f24": "Newton", + "5737898f1c45671900574495": "Mercury", + "5737898f1c45671900574496": "Vulcan", + "5737898f1c45671900574497": "theory of general relativity", + "5737898f1c45671900574498": "Albert Einstein", + "5737898f1c45671900574499": "Albert Einstein", + "57378b141c4567190057449f": "general relativity", + "57378b141c456719005744a0": "straight line path", + "57378b141c456719005744a1": "gravitational force", + "57378b141c456719005744a2": "global", + "57378c9b1c456719005744a7": "Lorentz's Law", + "57378c9b1c456719005744a8": "electric current", + "57378c9b1c456719005744a9": "magnetic field", + "57378c9b1c456719005744aa": "electromagnetic force", + "57378e311c456719005744af": "James Clerk Maxwell", + "57378e311c456719005744b0": "1864", + "57378e311c456719005744b1": "20", + "57378e311c456719005744b2": "4", + "57378e311c456719005744b3": "James Clerk Maxwell", + "573792ee1c456719005744b9": "electromagnetic theory", + "573792ee1c456719005744ba": "quantum mechanics", + "573792ee1c456719005744bb": "quantum electrodynamics", + "573792ee1c456719005744bc": "photons", + "573792ee1c456719005744bd": "quantum electrodynamics", + "5737958b1c456719005744c3": "repulsion of like charges under the influence of the electromagnetic force", + "5737958b1c456719005744c4": "Pauli exclusion principle", + "5737958b1c456719005744c5": "energy", + "5737958b1c456719005744c6": "structural force", + "573796edc3c5551400e51f33": "elementary particles", + "573796edc3c5551400e51f34": "a residual of the force", + "573796edc3c5551400e51f35": "hadrons", + "573796edc3c5551400e51f36": "gluons", + "573796edc3c5551400e51f37": "color confinement", + "57379829c3c5551400e51f3d": "The weak force", + "57379829c3c5551400e51f3e": "beta decay", + "57379829c3c5551400e51f3f": "radioactivity", + "57379829c3c5551400e51f40": "1013", + "57379829c3c5551400e51f41": "1015 kelvins", + "57379a4b1c456719005744cd": "normal force", + "57379a4b1c456719005744ce": "Pauli repulsion", + "57379a4b1c456719005744cf": "fermionic nature of electrons", + "57379a4b1c456719005744d0": "The normal force", + "57379ed81c456719005744d5": "ideal strings", + "57379ed81c456719005744d6": "ideal pulleys", + "57379ed81c456719005744d7": "instantaneously in action-reaction pairs", + "57379ed81c456719005744d8": "conservation of mechanical energy", + "57379ed81c456719005744d9": "By connecting the same string multiple times to the same object through the use of a set-up that uses movable pulleys", + "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f47": "idealized point particles", + "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f48": "three-dimensional objects", + "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f49": "extended fluids", + "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4a": "other parts of an object", + "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4b": "extended structure", + "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f51": "The stress tensor", + "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f52": "pressure terms", + "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f53": "pressure terms", + "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f54": "formalism", + "5737a4511c456719005744df": "rotation", + "5737a4511c456719005744e0": "an unbalanced torque", + "5737a4511c456719005744e1": "Newton's Second Law of Motion", + "5737a5931c456719005744e7": "the center of the curving path", + "5737a5931c456719005744e8": "perpendicular", + "5737a5931c456719005744e9": "radial (centripetal) force", + "5737a5931c456719005744ea": "radial", + "5737a5931c456719005744eb": "tangential force", + "5737a7351c456719005744f1": "kinetic", + "5737a7351c456719005744f2": "potential", + "5737a7351c456719005744f3": "net mechanical energy", + "5737a7351c456719005744f4": "the difference in potential energy", + "5737a7351c456719005744f5": "The force, therefore, is related directly to the difference in potential energy between two different locations in space, and can be considered to be an artifact", + "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f59": "forces", + "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5a": "gradient of potentials", + "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5b": "friction", + "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5c": "Nonconservative", + "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f61": "statistical mechanics", + "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f62": "nonconservative forces", + "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f63": "nonconservative forces", + "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f64": "nonconservative forces", + "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f65": "nonconservative forces", + "5737aafd1c456719005744fb": "The pound-force", + "5737aafd1c456719005744fc": "kilopond", + "5737aafd1c456719005744fd": "kilogram-force", + "5737aafd1c456719005744fe": "kip", + "5737aafd1c456719005744ff": "kilogram-force" +}