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   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Import packages\n",
    "import plotly.express as px\n",
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "\n",
    "# Import the transform\n",
    "from scipy.stats import boxcox"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def plotting(title, data, x, y, x_label, y_label, text=False, lam=None):\n",
    "    \"\"\"General function to plot the passenger data.\"\"\"\n",
    "    fig = px.line(data, x=data[x], y=data[y], labels={x: x_label, y: y_label})\n",
    "\n",
    "    fig.update_layout(\n",
    "        template=\"simple_white\",\n",
    "        font=dict(size=18),\n",
    "        title_text=title,\n",
    "        width=650,\n",
    "        title_x=0.5,\n",
    "        height=400,\n",
    "    )\n",
    "\n",
    "    if text:\n",
    "        fig.add_annotation(\n",
    "            x=\"1952-12-20\",\n",
    "            y=10,\n",
    "            text=f\"Lambda = {lam:.3f}\",\n",
    "            align=\"left\",\n",
    "            yanchor=\"bottom\",\n",
    "            showarrow=False,\n",
    "            font=dict(size=20, color=\"black\", family=\"Courier New, monospace\"),\n",
    "            bordercolor=\"black\",\n",
    "            borderwidth=2,\n",
    "            bgcolor=\"white\",\n",
    "        )\n",
    "\n",
    "    fig.show()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Read in the data\n",
    "data = pd.read_csv(\"../coal-price-data/AirPassengers.csv\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>Month</th>\n",
       "      <th>#Passengers</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>1949-01</td>\n",
       "      <td>112</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>1949-02</td>\n",
       "      <td>118</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>1949-03</td>\n",
       "      <td>132</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>1949-04</td>\n",
       "      <td>129</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>1949-05</td>\n",
       "      <td>121</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>139</th>\n",
       "      <td>1960-08</td>\n",
       "      <td>606</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>140</th>\n",
       "      <td>1960-09</td>\n",
       "      <td>508</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>141</th>\n",
       "      <td>1960-10</td>\n",
       "      <td>461</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>142</th>\n",
       "      <td>1960-11</td>\n",
       "      <td>390</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>143</th>\n",
       "      <td>1960-12</td>\n",
       "      <td>432</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>144 rows × 2 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
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       "       Month  #Passengers\n",
       "0    1949-01          112\n",
       "1    1949-02          118\n",
       "2    1949-03          132\n",
       "3    1949-04          129\n",
       "4    1949-05          121\n",
       "..       ...          ...\n",
       "139  1960-08          606\n",
       "140  1960-09          508\n",
       "141  1960-10          461\n",
       "142  1960-11          390\n",
       "143  1960-12          432\n",
       "\n",
       "[144 rows x 2 columns]"
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     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0      1949-01\n",
       "1      1949-02\n",
       "2      1949-03\n",
       "3      1949-04\n",
       "4      1949-05\n",
       "        ...   \n",
       "139    1960-08\n",
       "140    1960-09\n",
       "141    1960-10\n",
       "142    1960-11\n",
       "143    1960-12\n",
       "Name: Month, Length: 144, dtype: object"
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     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
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   "source": [
    "data[\"Month\"]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# def plotting(title, data, x, y, x_label, y_label, text=False, lam=None):\n",
    "title = \"Airline Passengers\"\n",
    "data = data\n",
    "x = \"Month\"\n",
    "y = \"#Passengers\"\n",
    "x_label = \"Date\"\n",
    "y_label = \"Passengers\"\n",
    "text = False\n",
    "lam = None"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "\"\"\"General function to plot the passenger data.\"\"\"\n",
    "fig = px.line(data, x=data[x], y=data[y], labels={x: x_label, y: y_label})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
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    "fig.update_layout(\n",
    "    template=\"simple_white\",\n",
    "    font=dict(size=18),\n",
    "    title_text=title,\n",
    "    width=650,\n",
    "    title_x=0.5,\n",
    "    height=400,\n",
    ")\n",
    "\n",
    "if text:\n",
    "    fig.add_annotation(\n",
    "        x=\"1952-12-20\",\n",
    "        y=10,\n",
    "        text=f\"Lambda = {lam:.3f}\",\n",
    "        align=\"left\",\n",
    "        yanchor=\"bottom\",\n",
    "        showarrow=False,\n",
    "        font=dict(size=20, color=\"black\", family=\"Courier New, monospace\"),\n",
    "        bordercolor=\"black\",\n",
    "        borderwidth=2,\n",
    "        bgcolor=\"white\",\n",
    "    )\n",
    "\n",
    "fig.show()"
   ]
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   "cell_type": "code",
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   "metadata": {},
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       "         9.39018342,  9.26805875,  9.68014687,  9.61958525,  9.76283258,\n",
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       "        10.23457009,  9.99215641,  9.58261997,  9.83185756]),\n",
       " 0.14802256973464573)"
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     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
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   "source": [
    "boxcox(data[\"#Passengers\"])"
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  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Apply box-cox transform and plot it\n",
    "data[\"Passengers_box_cox\"], lam = boxcox(data[\"#Passengers\"])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
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    "    data=data,\n",
    "    x=\"Month\",\n",
    "    y=\"Passengers_box_cox\",\n",
    "    x_label=\"Date\",\n",
    "    y_label=\"Passengers<br>Box-Cox Transform\",\n",
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