{ "56be4db0acb8001400a502ec": "Denver Broncos", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ed": "Denver Broncos", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ee": "Santa Clara, California", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ef": "American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2015 season. The American Football Conference (AFC) champion Denver Broncos", "56be4db0acb8001400a502f0": "Arabic", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d1": "Arabic", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d2": "February 7, 2016", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d3": "champion Denver Broncos", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91b9": "Arabic", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91ba": "Super Bowl 50 was an American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91bb": "February 7, 2016", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91df": "Roman numerals", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e0": "Levi's Stadium", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e1": "San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e2": "Super Bowl L", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e3": "2015 season. The American Football Conference (AFC) champion Denver Broncos defeated the National Football Conference", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fd": "2015", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fe": "San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94ff": "Levi's Stadium", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9500": "Arabic numerals 50.", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9501": "February 7, 2016", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e8": "2015", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e9": "Denver Broncos", "56d20362e7d4791d009025ea": "Denver Broncos", "56d20362e7d4791d009025eb": "Roman numerals", "56d600e31c85041400946eae": "2015 season", "56d600e31c85041400946eb0": "American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2015 season. The American Football Conference (AFC) champion Denver Broncos", "56d600e31c85041400946eb1": "Santa Clara, California", "56d9895ddc89441400fdb50e": "Super Bowl 50", "56d9895ddc89441400fdb510": "Denver Broncos", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f6": "Cam Newton", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f9": "eight", "56be4e1facb8001400a502fa": "1995", "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c2": "Arizona Cardinals 49", "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c3": "New England Patriots", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91e9": "Cam Newton", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ea": "Dallas Cowboys", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91eb": "Cam Newton", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ec": "four", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ed": "Cam Newton", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9507": "49\u201315", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9508": "Cam Newton", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9509": "12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX by defeating them 20\u201318", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950a": "four", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950b": "Dallas Cowboys", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f3": "Cam Newton", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f4": "Arizona", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f5": "15\u20131 record, and quarterback Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals 49\u201315", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f6": "Dallas Cowboys", "56d6017d1c85041400946ebe": "Cam Newton", "56d6017d1c85041400946ec1": "Dallas Cowboys", "56d6017d1c85041400946ec2": "Arizona Cardinals 49", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52a": "Cam Newton", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52b": "Cam Newton", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52e": "1995", "56be4eafacb8001400a50302": "Denver linebacker Von Miller", "56be4eafacb8001400a50303": "five", "56be4eafacb8001400a50304": "Broncos", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d2": "Von Miller", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d3": "five", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d4": "Newton", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f4": "seven", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f5": "Denver linebacker Von Miller", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f6": "three", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f7": "2\u00bd sacks, and two", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9511": "Denver linebacker Von Miller", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9513": "Super Bowl MVP", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9514": "five", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9515": "three", "56d204ade7d4791d00902603": "Denver linebacker Von Miller", "56d204ade7d4791d00902604": "five", "56d601e41c85041400946ece": "seven times", "56d601e41c85041400946ecf": "seven times", "56d601e41c85041400946ed0": "Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense, which sacked him seven times", "56d601e41c85041400946ed1": "Denver linebacker Von Miller", "56d601e41c85041400946ed2": "Super Bowl MVP", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53b": "seven", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53c": "seven times", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53d": "Von Miller", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53e": "five", "56be5333acb8001400a5030a": "CBS", "56be5333acb8001400a5030b": "$5 million", "56be5333acb8001400a5030c": "British rock group Coldplay", "56be5333acb8001400a5030d": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56be5333acb8001400a5030e": "Super Bowl XLVII", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fd": "CBS", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fe": "$5 million", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91ff": "Bruno Mars", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9200": "Bruno Mars", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9201": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951b": "CBS", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951c": "$5 million", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951e": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951f": "third", "56d2051ce7d4791d00902608": "CBS", "56d2051ce7d4791d00902609": "$5 million", "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260a": "Coldplay", "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260b": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d602631c85041400946ed8": "CBS", "56d602631c85041400946eda": "British rock group Coldplay", "56d602631c85041400946edb": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d602631c85041400946edc": "Super Bowl XLVII and Super Bowl XLVIII", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb544": "$5 million", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb545": "Bruno Mars", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb546": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb548": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56be53b8acb8001400a50314": "Roger Goodell", "56be53b8acb8001400a50315": "spectacular", "56be53b8acb8001400a50316": "2012", "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9207": "Roger Goodell", "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9208": "early 2012", "56bf42f53aeaaa14008c95a3": "Roger Goodell", "56d2053ae7d4791d00902610": "Roger Goodell", "56d6edd00d65d21400198250": "Roger Goodell", "56d6edd00d65d21400198251": "an important game", "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54e": "spectacular", "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54f": "2012", "56be5438acb8001400a5031a": "New Orleans", "56be5438acb8001400a5031b": "New Orleans", "56be5438acb8001400a5031c": "New Orleans", "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920b": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920d": "Levi's Stadium", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9580": "Miami's Sun Life", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9581": "Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9582": "Sun Life", "56d20564e7d4791d00902612": "San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198254": "three", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198255": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198256": "Sun Life Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198257": "New Orleans", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198258": "Levi's Stadium", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb552": "San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb553": "San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb554": "Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56be54bdacb8001400a50322": "October 16, 2012", "56be54bdacb8001400a50323": "10", "56be54bdacb8001400a50324": "10 times (tied for most with New Orleans), with the most recent one being Super Bowl XLIV", "56be54bdacb8001400a50325": "2010", "56be54bdacb8001400a50326": "1985", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921b": "Sun Life", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921c": "October 16, 2012", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921d": "Stanford Stadium", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921e": "October 16, 2012", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921f": "1985", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9525": "10", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9526": "10 times (tied for most with New Orleans), with the most recent one being Super Bowl XLIV", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9528": "two finalists were Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9529": "Levi's Stadium. The South Florida", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198260": "1985", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198262": "San Francisco Bay", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb558": "October 16, 2012", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb559": "10", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55a": "San Francisco", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55b": "1985", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55c": "Florida legislature", "56be5523acb8001400a5032c": "2014", "56be5523acb8001400a5032d": "NFL", "56be5523acb8001400a5032e": "2014", "56be5523acb8001400a5032f": "$1.2 billion", "56be5523acb8001400a50330": "San Francisco", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9225": "Boston", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9226": "May 21, 2013", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9227": "$1.2 billion", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9228": "XXXVII", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9229": "San Francisco", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c952f": "1985", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9530": "2014", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9531": "$1.2 billion", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9532": "1985", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9533": "Super Bowl XIX", "56d6f0770d65d21400198268": "1985", "56d6f0770d65d21400198269": "2014", "56d6f0770d65d2140019826a": "1985", "56d6f0770d65d2140019826c": "San Francisco Bay Area", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb562": "2014", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb563": "2014", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb564": "$1.2 billion", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb565": "1985", "56be572b3aeaaa14008c9052": "John Fox", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c922f": "ten", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9230": "four", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9231": "Denver Broncos", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9232": "Super Bowl 50", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9233": "John Fox", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c9539": "15", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953a": "six", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953c": "Super Bowl XLVIII", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953d": "15\u20131 record, while the Denver Broncos became one of four", "56d6f1190d65d21400198272": "one", "56d6f1190d65d21400198273": "one of four teams", "56d6f1190d65d21400198274": "Super Bowl 50.", "56d6f1190d65d21400198275": "Super Bowl 50.", "56d6f1190d65d21400198276": "six", "56d99179dc89441400fdb56c": "ten", "56d99179dc89441400fdb56d": "four", "56d99179dc89441400fdb570": "John Fox", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9058": "DeAngelo", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9059": "DeAngelo Williams and losing top wide receiver Kelvin Benjamin", "56be59683aeaaa14008c905a": "15", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923d": "1978", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923e": "DeAngelo Williams and losing top wide receiver Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the preseason, the Carolina Panthers", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923f": "eight", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9240": "eight", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9241": "DeAngelo Williams and losing top wide receiver Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the preseason, the Carolina Panthers", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9543": "1978", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9544": "1978", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9545": "2011", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9547": "torn ACL", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827c": "DeAngelo Williams and losing top wide receiver Kelvin Benjamin", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827d": "DeAngelo Williams", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827e": "1978", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827f": "Ten", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb576": "Carolina Panthers", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb577": "1978", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb578": "Carolina", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb57a": "Ten players were selected to the Pro Bowl (the most in franchise history) along with eight", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9247": "44 passes for 739 yards and 10 touchdowns; Ginn also rushed for 60 yards and returned 27", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9248": "45", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9249": "99", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924a": "60 yards and returned 27", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924b": "Jonathan Stewart", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960b": "45", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960c": "Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton had one of his best seasons", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960d": "1,104", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960e": "Ted Ginn", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960f": "The Panthers offense", "56d6f2960d65d21400198286": "six", "56d6f2960d65d21400198287": "Jonathan Stewart", "56d6f2960d65d21400198288": "27", "56d6f2960d65d21400198289": "45", "56d6f2960d65d2140019828a": "45", "56d997cddc89441400fdb586": "seven", "56d997cddc89441400fdb587": "44", "56d997cddc89441400fdb588": "35 passing, 10 rushing), a career-low 10 interceptions, and a career-best quarterback rating of 99", "56d997cddc89441400fdb589": "99", "56d997cddc89441400fdb58a": "447", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925b": "308", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925c": "three", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925d": "four", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925e": "four forced fumbles, and four", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925f": "Fellow lineman Mario Addison added 6\u00bd sacks. The Panthers line also featured veteran defensive end Jared Allen", "56d6f3500d65d21400198290": "308 points, ranking sixth", "56d6f3500d65d21400198291": "Kawann", "56d6f3500d65d21400198292": "308 points, ranking sixth", "56d6f3500d65d21400198293": "three", "56d6f3500d65d21400198294": "Coleman", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59c": "308 points, ranking sixth", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59e": "Mario Addison added 6\u00bd sacks. The Panthers line also featured veteran defensive end Jared Allen", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59f": "Jared Allen", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb5a0": "four", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9265": "Gary Kubiak", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9266": "Gary Kubiak", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9267": "Gary Kubiak", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9268": "Gary Kubiak", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9269": "Wade Phillips", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954d": "four", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954e": "Gary Kubiak", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954f": "San Diego Chargers", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9550": "39", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9551": "shotgun", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829a": "Gary Kubiak", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829b": "Wade Phillips", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829c": "injured", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829d": "39", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829e": "13", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c8": "John Fox", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c9": "defensive coordinator Wade Phillips", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5ca": "Gary Kubiak", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cb": "Gary Kubiak", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cc": "Wade Phillips", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c9279": "86.4", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927a": "135 yards and six", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927b": "Emmanuel Sanders", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927c": "Ronnie Hillman", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927d": "seven touchdowns, while also catching 25", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956b": "67.9", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956c": "25", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956d": "nine touchdowns, with 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler threw for 1,967 yards, 10 touchdowns and six", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956e": "Emmanuel Sanders", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956f": "Emmanuel Sanders", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a4": "67.9", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a5": "25", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a6": "Demaryius Thomas", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a7": "25", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d6": "86.4", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d7": "17", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d8": "Emmanuel Sanders", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d9": "J. Anderson", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5da": "4.7", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928d": "two", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928e": "four fumbles, and recovered three", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9290": "Linebacker Brandon Marshall", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9291": "three", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9588": "Pro Bowl", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9589": "Pro Bowl", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c958b": "Pro Bowl for the ninth time", "56d6fea90d65d214001982ae": "fourth", "56d6fea90d65d214001982af": "Von Miller", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b0": "Von Miller", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b2": "three", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5fd": "Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson each had 5\u00bd sacks. Pro Bowl linebacker Von Miller", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5ff": "Danny Trevathan", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb600": "The Broncos", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a1": "Seattle Seahawks", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a2": "Arizona Cardinals", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a3": "49\u201315", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a4": "49", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a5": "divisional round", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c9559": "Seattle Seahawks", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955a": "49", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955b": "49\u201315", "56d701280d65d214001982b8": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d701280d65d214001982ba": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d701280d65d214001982bc": "seven", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb616": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb618": "49\u201315", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb619": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb61a": "49", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ab": "the Pittsburgh Steelers", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ac": "11", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ad": "New England Patriots", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ae": "20\u201318", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92af": "17 seconds", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9561": "the Pittsburgh Steelers", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9562": "11 points", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9563": "New England Patriots", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9564": "17", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9565": "the Pittsburgh Steelers", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c2": "defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c3": "11", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c5": "New England Patriots", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb628": "the Pittsburgh Steelers", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb629": "New England Patriots", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb62c": "17", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b5": "Thomas Davis", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b6": "overcome three ACL tears", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b7": "three", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b8": "11-year", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9575": "overcome three ACL tears", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9576": "ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9577": "11-year", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9579": "NFC Championship Game", "56d703d10d65d214001982d6": "three", "56d703d10d65d214001982d7": "overcome three ACL tears", "56d703d10d65d214001982d8": "11", "56d9a026dc89441400fdb632": "Thomas Davis", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bd": "39", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92be": "Peyton Manning", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bf": "39", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c0": "Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations and General Manager", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c1": "Peyton Manning", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9591": "Peyton Manning", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9592": "John Elway", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9593": "39", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9594": "Peyton Manning", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9595": "39", "56d704430d65d214001982de": "two", "56d704430d65d214001982e0": "Peyton Manning", "56d704430d65d214001982e1": "Peyton Manning", "56d704430d65d214001982e2": "Super Bowl XXXIII", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63e": "Peyton Manning", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63f": "39", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb640": "Peyton Manning", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c7": "1998 NFL draft, while Newton was picked first in 2011", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c8": "1998 NFL draft, while Newton was picked first in 2011", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c9": "13 years and 48 days", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92ca": "13 years and 48 days", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92cb": "Newton", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959b": "Newton", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959c": "Newton", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959d": "13 years and 48 days", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959e": "#1", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fc": "#1", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fd": "#1", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fe": "Newton was picked first in 2011. The matchup also pits the top two picks of the 2011 draft against each other: Newton for Carolina and Von Miller", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb647": "1998 NFL draft, while Newton was picked first in 2011", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb648": "13 years and 48 days", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb649": "13 years and 48 days", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92db": "XXIV", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dc": "Chicago Bears", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dd": "linebacker", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92de": "Elway", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92df": "Elway at the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV", "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9615": "linebacker", "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9617": "Elway", "56d709ef0d65d21400198306": "Elway at the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV", "56d709ef0d65d21400198307": "Super Bowl", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e5": "Justin Tucker", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e6": "Ed Mangan", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e7": "Ed Mangan", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e8": "Baltimore Ravens", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e9": "Super Bowl games played at natural grass stadiums, the NFL re-sodded the field", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a5": "Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a6": "field goal", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a7": "field", "56d70adc0d65d21400198311": "Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56d70adc0d65d21400198312": "change their cleats during the game and player slipping", "56d70adc0d65d21400198313": "Bermuda 419 turf", "56d70adc0d65d21400198314": "high enough quality", "56d9a419dc89441400fdb678": "Justin Tucker", "56d9a419dc89441400fdb679": "Super Bowl games played at natural grass stadiums, the NFL re-sodded the field", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92f9": "the designated home team in the annual rotation between AFC", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fa": "21\u201310", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fb": "Super Bowl XXI", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fc": "black", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fd": "XXXIII, Elway's last game as Denver QB", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ab": "white jerseys and pants", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ac": "21\u201310", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ae": "the designated home team in the annual rotation between AFC and NFC teams", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95af": "black", "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831d": "black jerseys with silver pants", "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831f": "Elway stated, \"We've had Super Bowl success in our white uniforms.\" The Broncos last wore matching white jerseys and pants", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb697": "The Broncos last wore matching white jerseys and pants", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb698": "pants", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb699": "Super Bowls", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb69a": "pants", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9303": "Santa Clara Marriott", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9304": "Santa Clara Marriott", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9305": "Santa Clara Marriott", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9306": "Santa Clara Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b5": "Santa Clara Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b6": "Santa Clara Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b7": "San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b8": "San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198326": "San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198327": "Santa Clara Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198328": "San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198329": "Santa Clara Marriott", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a0": "San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a1": "Santa Clara Marriott", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a2": "San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a3": "San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9315": "June 4, 2014", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9316": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9317": "Jaime Weston", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9318": "L\" using the standardized logo template introduced at Super Bowl XLV", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9319": "Vince Lombardi", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95bd": "2014", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95be": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c0": "Arabic numerals", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c1": "Arabic numerals", "56d70daa0d65d21400198332": "June 4, 2014", "56d70daa0d65d21400198333": "Arabic", "56d70daa0d65d21400198334": "Arabic numerals", "56d70daa0d65d21400198335": "Arabic numerals", "56d70daa0d65d21400198336": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50", "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6a8": "Arabic numerals", "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6ab": "Arabic numerals", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c931f": "gold", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9320": "week 7", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9321": "colored gold", "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c7": "gold-tinted logos were implemented across the NFL's properties and painted on fields, the numbering of the 50-yard line on fields was colored gold", "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c8": "Gold footballs were given to each high school that has had a player or coach", "56d70e570d65d2140019833c": "yard line on fields", "56d70e570d65d2140019833e": "coach appear in the Super Bowl, and \"homecoming", "56d70e570d65d2140019833f": "colored gold", "56d9b01fdc89441400fdb6d4": "coach appear in the Super Bowl, and \"homecoming", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9325": "the Moscone Center", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9326": "San Francisco", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9327": "Ed Lee", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9328": "Ed Lee", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9329": "January 30", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cb": "1 million", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cc": "Ed Lee", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cd": "Moscone Center", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95ce": "NFL Experience", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834c": "the Moscone Center", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834d": "Super Bowl City\"", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834f": "Ed Lee", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ec": "Super Bowl City\" opened on January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcadero", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ed": "1 million", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ee": "Ed Lee", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ef": "$5 million", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6f0": "Super Bowl City\" opened on January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcadero", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c932f": "Santa Clara University", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9330": "$2 million", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9331": "week-long", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d3": "$2 million", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d4": "pep rally", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d5": "the city council", "56d714cd0d65d21400198356": "Santa Clara University", "56d714cd0d65d21400198358": "the city council", "56d714cd0d65d21400198359": "the city council", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb700": "$2 million worth", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb701": "the city council", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9335": "Monday evening and re-branded as Super Bowl Opening Night", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9336": "Tuesday afternoon prior to the game, was moved to the Monday evening and re-branded as Super Bowl Opening Night", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9337": "SAP Center", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9338": "San Jose", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9339": "Super Bowl Opening Night. The event was held on February 1, 2016 at SAP Center", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95d9": "Monday evening and re-branded as Super Bowl Opening Night", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95da": "Tuesday afternoon", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95db": "Super Bowl Opening Night", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dc": "Super Bowl Opening Night. The event was held on February 1, 2016 at SAP Center", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dd": "SAP Center", "56d71bd80d65d2140019835e": "Tuesday afternoon", "56d71bd80d65d21400198360": "Super Bowl Opening Night. The event was held on February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose. Alongside the traditional media availabilities", "56d71bd80d65d21400198361": "SAP Center", "56d71bd80d65d21400198362": "Golden Gate Bridge", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb708": "Monday evening and re-branded as Super Bowl Opening Night", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb709": "Super Bowl Opening Night. The event was held on February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose. Alongside the traditional media availabilities", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70a": "SAP Center", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70b": "Super Bowl Opening Night. The event was held on February 1, 2016 at SAP Center", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70c": "February 1, 2016", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c933f": "Super Bowl program", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9340": "$40 million", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9341": "Google, Yahoo!", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9342": "Apple, Google, Yahoo!", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9343": "Apple, Google, Yahoo!", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e3": "Super Bowl 50 Host Committee", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e4": "$40 million", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e5": "over $40 million", "56d71cb60d65d21400198368": "Super Bowl program", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb720": "Super Bowl program", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb721": "$40 million", "56bebec43aeaaa14008c9349": "25 percent", "56bebec43aeaaa14008c934a": "Super Bowl 50", "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95e9": "25 percent", "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95ea": "Super Bowl ever\", and will dedicate 25 percent of all money it raises for philanthropic causes in the Bay Area. The committee created the 50 fund", "56d71d150d65d2140019836e": "Super Bowl ever", "56d71d150d65d2140019836f": "25 percent", "56d71d150d65d21400198370": "50 fund as its philanthropic initiative", "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb72f": "25 percent", "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb730": "Super Bowl ever\", and will dedicate 25 percent of all money it raises for philanthropic causes in the Bay Area. The committee created the 50 fund", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934d": "Vince Lombardi", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934e": "18-karat gold-plated \"50", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934f": "Super Bowl 50 will also receive a large, 18-karat gold-plated", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9350": "Lombardi Trophy", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9351": "Tiffany & Co", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ed": "Vince Lombardi", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ef": "18-karat gold", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95f1": "Lombardi Trophy", "56d71d9d0d65d21400198374": "Vince Lombardi Trophy that all Super Bowl champions receive, the winner of Super Bowl 50", "56d71d9d0d65d21400198377": "Tiffany & Co", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9357": "EyeVision 360", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9358": "Phil Simms", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9359": "Tracy Wolfson", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935a": "36", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935b": "bullet time\" effects", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f7": "three", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f8": "XXXV", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f9": "360-degree view of plays and \"bullet time\" effects", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fa": "bullet time", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fb": "the sidelines", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837c": "CBS", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837d": "three", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb740": "XXXV", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb741": "Tracy Wolfson", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb742": "Tracy Wolfson", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb743": "bullet time\" effects", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb744": "5K resolution", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9361": "NBC and Fox", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9362": "ESPN", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9363": "ESPN Deportes", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9364": "December 28, 2015", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9365": "Spanish", "56bf6d343aeaaa14008c961b": "NBC and Fox", "56d71fc00d65d21400198386": "Mike & Mike.", "56d71fc00d65d21400198389": "John Sutcliffe", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb754": "NBC and Fox", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb757": "Mike & Mike.", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb758": "Mike & Mike", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9371": "NFL Mobile service", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9372": "ESPN Deportes Spanish broadcast was made available through WatchESPN", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9373": "digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9374": "CBSSports.com", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9375": "10", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c961f": "WatchESPN", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9620": "CBSSports.com", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9621": "CBS", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9622": "CBS Sports apps", "56d7205e0d65d21400198391": "Verizon", "56d7205e0d65d21400198392": "NFL Mobile", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75e": "digital streams", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75f": "WatchESPN", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb760": "WatchESPN", "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937b": "Stephen Colbert following the game", "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937c": "Super Bowl 50, beginning with a special episode of The Late Show", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9631": "The Late Show", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9632": "Super Bowl 50, beginning with a special episode of The Late Show", "56d720c70d65d21400198396": "Stephen Colbert following the game. Following a break for late local programming, CBS also aired a special episode of The Late Late Show", "56d720c70d65d21400198397": "Super Bowl 50, beginning with a special episode of The Late Show", "56d720c70d65d21400198398": "Stephen Colbert", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c9389": "$5,000,000", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938a": "Nintendo", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938b": "ritos", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938c": "20th", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9635": "$5,000,000", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9637": "Nintendo", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9638": "CBS", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9639": "Nintendo", "56d721af0d65d2140019839e": "Pok\u00e9mon Company", "56d721af0d65d2140019839f": "CBS", "56d721af0d65d214001983a0": "CBS", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb768": "Nintendo", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb769": "CBS", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb76a": "Crash", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9397": "Small Business Big Game\" contest, in which Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks. Death Wish Coffee", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9398": "Coffee", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9399": "30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks. Death Wish Coffee beat out nine", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c939a": "nine", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c963f": "Death Wish Coffee", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c9640": "nine", "56d722330d65d214001983a6": "QuickBooks", "56d722330d65d214001983a7": "Death Wish Coffee", "56d722330d65d214001983a8": "nine", "56d9be16dc89441400fdb770": "QuickBooks sponsored a \"Small Business Big Game\" contest, in which Death Wish Coffee", "56d9be16dc89441400fdb771": "Death Wish Coffee", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93a9": "Deadpool", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93aa": "Super Bowl.", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ab": "Deadpool, X-Men: Apocalypse, Independence Day: Resurgence and Eddie the Eagle, Lionsgate paid for Gods of Egypt", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ac": "Deadpool, X-Men: Apocalypse", "56d723560d65d214001983ac": "Universal Studios and Walt Disney Studios", "56d723560d65d214001983ad": "Deadpool, X-Men: Apocalypse, Independence Day: Resurgence and Eddie the Eagle, Lionsgate paid for Gods of Egypt", "56d723560d65d214001983ae": "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows and 10 Cloverfield Lane", "56d723560d65d214001983af": "Jason Bourne and Disney paid for Captain America: Civil War", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77b": "Deadpool, X-Men: Apocalypse", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77c": "Fox paid for Deadpool, X-Men: Apocalypse, Independence Day: Resurgence and Eddie the Eagle, Lionsgate", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77d": "Fox paid for Deadpool, X-Men: Apocalypse, Independence Day: Resurgence and Eddie the Eagle, Lionsgate", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b1": "North America", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b2": "Kevin Harlan", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b3": "Jim Gray", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b4": "James Lofton", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b5": "James Lofton", "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9655": "Dan Fouts", "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9656": "Kevin Harlan", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b4": "Kevin Harlan", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b5": "Kevin Harlan", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b8": "Jim Gray", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78e": "Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts as color analysts, and James Lofton and Mark Malone", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78f": "James Lofton and Mark Malone", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb790": "Dan Fouts as color analysts, and James Lofton and Mark Malone", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb791": "pre-game", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb792": "North America", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93cf": "850 AM) and KRFX", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d0": "Ed McCaffrey", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d1": "103.5", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d2": "South Carolina", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d3": "Ed McCaffrey", "56d724620d65d214001983be": "Dave Logan", "56d724620d65d214001983bf": "Ed McCaffrey", "56d724620d65d214001983c0": "WBT", "56d724620d65d214001983c1": "Ed McCaffrey on color commentary", "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a0": "WBT-FM (99.3 FM), which is based in Chester, South Carolina. As KOA and WBT", "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a3": "WBT-FM (99.3 FM), which is based in Chester, South Carolina. As KOA and WBT", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e3": "BBC Radio 5", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e4": "United Kingdom", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e5": "Darren Fletcher and Rocky Boiman", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c8": "BBC Radio 5 Live and 5 Live", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c9": "Greg Brady, Darren Fletcher and Rocky Boiman", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93e9": "Bart Starr (MVP of Super Bowls I and II) and Chuck Howley", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ea": "Chuck Howley", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93eb": "Bart Starr (MVP of Super Bowls I and II) and Chuck Howley", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ec": "2001", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ed": "Peyton Manning", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cc": "39 of the 43", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cd": "Peyton Manning", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cf": "Chuck Howley", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b4": "39 of the 43", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b5": "39 of the 43", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b6": "Chuck Howley", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b7": "Chuck Howley", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b8": "Chuck Howley", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fd": "Six", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fe": "the national anthem", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93ff": "Academy Award", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9400": "ASL) translation.", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9401": "American Sign Language", "56d20650e7d4791d00902614": "Lady Gaga", "56d20650e7d4791d00902615": "Marlee Matlin", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d4": "Lady Gaga", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d5": "Marlee Matlin", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c4": "Lady Gaga", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c5": "Six", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c6": "Lady Gaga", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940d": "January 7, 2016", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940e": "British", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940f": "Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9410": "Super Bowl XLVII halftime show and collaborated with Coldplay", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9411": "Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show", "56d725790d65d214001983d8": "Bruno Mars, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show, and Mark Ronson", "56d725790d65d214001983da": "Coldplay", "56d725790d65d214001983db": "Hymn for the Weekend\", would be making an appearance. Bruno Mars", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d0": "Coldplay", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d1": "Beyonc\u00e9", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d2": "Super Bowl XLVII halftime show", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d3": "Bruno Mars, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show, and Mark Ronson", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9417": "Peyton Manning", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9418": "Owen Daniels", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9419": "Ronnie Hillman", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941a": "Brandon McManus", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941b": "C. J. Anderson", "56d728a10d65d21400198413": "18", "56d728a10d65d21400198414": "linebacker Shaq Thompson", "56d728a10d65d21400198415": "linebacker Shaq Thompson tackled Ronnie Hillman", "56d728a10d65d21400198416": "a deficit", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d8": "Peyton Manning", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d9": "Owen Daniels", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7da": "C. J. Anderson", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7db": "linebacker Shaq Thompson tackled Ronnie Hillman", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7dc": "deficit", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942b": "Mike Carey", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942c": "incompletion", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942d": "Von Miller knocked the ball out of Newton's hands while sacking him, and Malik Jackson", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942e": "Malik Jackson", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942f": "Super Bowl XXVIII", "56d728e00d65d2140019841c": "incompletion", "56d728e00d65d2140019841d": "CBS analyst and retired referee Mike Carey", "56d728e00d65d2140019841e": "Von Miller knocked the ball out of Newton's hands while sacking him, and Malik Jackson", "56d728e00d65d2140019841f": "Von Miller knocked the ball out of Newton's hands while sacking him, and Malik Jackson", "56d728e00d65d21400198420": "1993", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e7": "CBS analyst", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e8": "Von Miller", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e9": "Malik Jackson", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7ea": "1993 season", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9435": "Jonathan Stewart", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9436": "Jordan Norwood", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9437": "28", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9438": "61-yard return before Mario Addison dragged him down on the Panthers 14", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9439": "33", "56d729180d65d21400198426": "51", "56d729180d65d21400198427": "Jordan Norwood", "56d729180d65d21400198428": "11:28", "56d729180d65d21400198429": "Mario", "56d729180d65d2140019842a": "51", "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f0": "Jordan Norwood", "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f4": "1-yard touchdown run", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9445": "Darian Stewart", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9446": "linebacker", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9447": "Kony", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9448": "DeMarcus Ware", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9449": "DeMarcus Ware", "56d729ec0d65d21400198430": "Danny Trevathan", "56d729ec0d65d21400198431": "Danny Trevathan recovered on the Broncos 40-yard line. However, the Panthers soon took the ball back when defensive end Kony Ea", "56d729ec0d65d21400198432": "1:55", "56d729ec0d65d21400198434": "Darian Stewart", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb804": "Mike Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart, which linebacker Danny Trevathan", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb805": "Danny Trevathan", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb806": "Kony", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb807": "39", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb808": "DeMarcus Ware", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9455": "J. Ward", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9456": "Emmanuel Sanders", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9457": "25", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9458": "Emmanuel Sanders", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9459": "J.", "56d7282f0d65d21400198408": "Ted Ginn Jr.", "56d7282f0d65d21400198409": "the uprights", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840a": "Ted Ginn Jr.", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840c": "J.", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80e": "Ted Ginn Jr", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80f": "26-yard line", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb810": "Graham Gano", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb811": "Emmanuel Sanders", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c945f": "Carolina", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9460": "39-yard field goal, cutting the Panthers deficit to one score at 16\u201310. The next three", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9461": "Devin Funchess", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9462": "Devin Funchess and a 12-yard run by Stewart", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e0": "41-yard line", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e1": "Ealy", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e2": "Carolina", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e4": "punts", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb820": "Ealy knocked the ball out of Manning's hand as he was winding up for a pass, and then recovered it for Carolina", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb821": "Panthers 41-yard line", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb822": "16\u201310", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb823": "16\u201310.", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946d": "51", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946e": "Miller", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946f": "cornerback Josh Norman", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9470": "Miller", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9471": "cornerback Josh Norman", "56d726b60d65d214001983ea": "Miller", "56d726b60d65d214001983eb": "Ward", "56d726b60d65d214001983ec": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton, and after several players dove for it, it took a long bounce backwards and was recovered by Ward", "56d726b60d65d214001983ed": "cornerback Josh Norman", "56d726b60d65d214001983ee": "51", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb832": "mount a game-winning drive, and soon faced 3rd-and-9", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb833": "Miller", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb834": "Miller stripped the ball away from Newton, and after several players dove for it, it took a long bounce backwards and was recovered by Ward", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb835": "three", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb836": "Miller", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9481": "six total tackles (five", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9482": "13", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9483": "four", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9484": "Charles Johnson had four total tackles, a sack, and a forced fumble. Linebacker Luke Kuechly had 11 total tackles, while Thomas Davis", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9485": "18", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f4": "four receptions for 74", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f5": "13", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f6": "Anderson", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f7": "Anderson", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f8": "Charles Johnson had four total tackles, a sack, and a forced fumble. Linebacker Luke Kuechly had 11 total tackles, while Thomas Davis", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb842": "Thomas Davis", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb843": "Anderson", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb844": "11", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb845": "18", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb846": "two sacks. Ward had seven", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948b": "315 to 194", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948c": "11", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948d": "Baltimore Ravens", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948e": "John Taylor", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948f": "Gary Kubiak", "56d7277c0d65d214001983fe": "45", "56d7277c0d65d214001983ff": "11", "56d7277c0d65d21400198401": "Gary Kubiak", "56d7277c0d65d21400198402": "Baltimore Ravens", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84c": "11", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84d": "11", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84e": "Baltimore Ravens", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84f": "Chicago Bears", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb850": "seven", "5733a5f54776f41900660f45": "Nobel Prize", "5733a5f54776f41900660f48": "seven months", "5733a5f54776f41900660f44": "Maria Sk\u0142odowska", "5733a5f54776f41900660f46": "W\u0142adys\u0142aw Szpilman and Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chopin. Though Chopin was born in the village of \u017belazowa Wola", "5733a5f54776f41900660f47": "seven months", "57336755d058e614000b5a3d": "100", "57336755d058e614000b5a3f": "the Krasi\u0144ski Palace Garden", "57336755d058e614000b5a3c": "royal garden", "57336755d058e614000b5a3e": "the park", "57336755d058e614000b5a40": "\u0141azienki", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbb": "15 kilometres (9 miles", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbc": "otter, beaver", "57337ddc4776f41900660bba": "13", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbd": "13", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbe": "clean them of plants and sediments", "57337ea24776f41900660bd0": "Jewish minority", "57337ea24776f41900660bd3": "833,500", "57337ea24776f41900660bd2": "638,000, Jews constituted 219,000", "57337ea24776f41900660bd1": "Jewish", "57337ea24776f41900660bd4": "migration and urbanisation", "57339555d058e614000b5df4": "University of Technology is the second academic school of technology in the country, and one of the largest in East-Central Europe, employing 2,000 professors", "57339555d058e614000b5df5": "2,000", "57339555d058e614000b5df6": "one of the most prestigious, the National Defence University", "57339555d058e614000b5df3": "1816", "57339555d058e614000b5df7": "2,000 professors. Other institutions for higher education include the Medical University of Warsaw, the largest medical school", "57339902d058e614000b5e70": "1816", "57339902d058e614000b5e71": "over two million", "57339902d058e614000b5e72": "architects Marek Budzy\u0144ski", "57339902d058e614000b5e73": "Irena Bajerska", "57339902d058e614000b5e74": "more than 10,000", "573399b54776f41900660e64": "infrastructure in Warsaw suffered considerably", "573399b54776f41900660e65": "Poland", "573399b54776f41900660e66": "solid economic growth", "573399b54776f41900660e67": "health care facilities and sanitation facilities have improved markedly", "57339a554776f41900660e74": "Poland", "57339a554776f41900660e75": "CMHI", "57339a554776f41900660e76": "Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Institute", "57339a554776f41900660e77": "700", "57339a554776f41900660e78": "patient clinic", "57339ad74776f41900660e86": "musical venues, including the Teatr Wielki, the Polish National Opera, the Chamber Opera, the National Philharmonic Hall and the National Theatre", "57339ad74776f41900660e87": "Warsaw hosts many events and festivals", "57339ad74776f41900660e88": "Palace of Culture and Science, Warsaw", "57339ad74776f41900660e89": "International Contemporary Music Festival Warsaw Autumn", "57339ad74776f41900660e8a": "International Stanis\u0142aw Moniuszko Vocal Competition, the Mozart Festival", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec5": "r\u00f3d Saski", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec6": "Ogr\u00f3d Saski", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec7": "1870 to 1939", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec8": "Leon Schiller's musical theatre Melodram. The Wojciech Bogus\u0142awski Theatre", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec9": "Wojciech Bogus\u0142awski Theatre", "57339dd94776f41900660ecc": "Wianki", "57339dd94776f41900660ecd": "thousands", "57339dd94776f41900660ece": "Midsummer", "57339dd94776f41900660ecf": "herbs", "57339dd94776f41900660ed0": "Vistula", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef6": "boasting one of the largest collections of art posters in the world, Museum of Hunting and Riding and the Railway Museum", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef7": "60", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef8": "60", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef9": "works", "57339eb9d058e614000b5efa": "art posters in the world, Museum of Hunting and Riding and the Railway Museum", "5733a1854776f41900660f0a": "the Warsaw Uprising Museum", "5733a1854776f41900660f0b": "Katy\u0144 Museum", "5733a1854776f41900660f0c": "stereoscopic theatre", "5733a1854776f41900660f0d": "the Warsaw Uprising Museum", "5733a1854776f41900660f0e": "60", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f28": "Royal Ujazd\u00f3w Castle", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f29": "about 500", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2a": "Zach\u0119ta National Gallery of Art", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2b": "oldest exhibition site in Warsaw", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2c": "September", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f32": "Their local rivals, Polonia Warsaw", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f33": "1946", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f34": "1946, and won the cup twice", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f35": "Konwiktorska Street", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f36": "because of their disastrous financial situation", "5733a45d4776f41900660f23": "syrenka", "5733a45d4776f41900660f24": "The mermaid (syrenka", "5733a45d4776f41900660f25": "at least the mid-14th century", "5733a45d4776f41900660f26": "1390", "5733a45d4776f41900660f27": "sword", "5733a560d058e614000b5f77": "that long ago two of Triton's daughters", "5733a560d058e614000b5f78": "the depths of the oceans and seas", "5733a560d058e614000b5f79": "through the depths of the oceans and seas", "5733a560d058e614000b5f7a": "Warszowa", "5733a560d058e614000b5f7b": "songs", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f58": "Warsaw", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f59": "1916", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5a": "Art Deco", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5b": "Israeli poet", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5c": "Maria G\u00f3rska", "573312fcd058e614000b56e6": "Economist", "573312fcd058e614000b56e7": "2012", "573312fcd058e614000b56e8": "Alpha\u2013\" global city, a major international tourist destination and a significant cultural, political and economic hub. Warsaw's economy", "573312fcd058e614000b56e9": "Economist Intelligence Unit ranked Warsaw as the 32nd", "573312fcd058e614000b56ea": "Frontex", "5733140a4776f419006606e0": "1313", "5733140a4776f419006606e1": "Krak\u00f3w", "5733140a4776f419006606e2": "1943 and to the major and devastating Warsaw Uprising between August and October 1944", "5733140a4776f419006606e3": "III Vasa", "5733140a4776f419006606e4": "because it has survived many wars", "573314e3d058e614000b56f0": "Roman Catholic archdiocese", "573314e3d058e614000b56f1": "Roman Catholic archdiocese (left bank of the Vistula) and diocese (right bank), and possesses various universities, most notably the Polish Academy of Sciences", "573314e3d058e614000b56f2": "The historic city-centre", "573314e3d058e614000b56f3": "European architectural style", "573314e3d058e614000b56f4": "luxurious parks and royal gardens", "57332442d058e614000b5720": "Warszawa", "57332442d058e614000b5721": "approximately /v\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u0283\u0251\u02d0v\u0259/ (also formerly spelled Warszewa and Warszowa", "57332442d058e614000b5722": "spelled Warszewa and Warszowa", "57332442d058e614000b5723": "Slavic origin Warcis\u0142aw", "57332442d058e614000b5724": "Warszawa, approximately /v\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u0283\u0251\u02d0v\u0259/ (also formerly spelled Warszewa and Warszowa", "57332562d058e614000b5730": "Jazd\u00f3w", "57332562d058e614000b5731": "Prince of P\u0142ock", "57332562d058e614000b5732": "Warszowa", "57332562d058e614000b5733": "1526", "57332562d058e614000b5734": "1526", "5733266d4776f41900660712": "the first time became the seat of the General Sejm, permanent from 1569. In 1573 the city gave its name to the Warsaw Confederation", "5733266d4776f41900660713": "1569", "5733266d4776f41900660714": "religious freedom", "5733266d4776f41900660715": "religious freedom in the Polish\u2013Lithuanian Commonwealth. Due to its central location between the Commonwealth's capitals of Krak\u00f3w and Vilnius", "5733266d4776f41900660716": "1596", "57332a734776f41900660726": "1796, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia to become the capital of the province of South Prussia. Liberated by Napoleon's army in 1806", "57332a734776f41900660727": "the Kingdom of Prussia to become the capital of the province of South Prussia", "57332a734776f41900660728": "Napoleon's army", "57332a734776f41900660729": "1806, Warsaw was made the capital of the newly created Duchy of Warsaw. Following the Congress of Vienna of 1815", "57332a734776f4190066072a": "1816", "57332b66d058e614000b5758": "4 August 1915", "57332b66d058e614000b5759": "controlled by Russia", "57332b66d058e614000b575a": "Pi\u0142sudski", "57332b66d058e614000b575b": "1920", "57332b66d058e614000b575c": "Red Army", "57332c1e4776f4190066073a": "1939", "57332c1e4776f4190066073b": "German", "57332c1e4776f4190066073c": "several hundred thousand", "57332c1e4776f4190066073d": "19 April 1943", "57332c1e4776f4190066073e": "1 September 1939 began the Second World War, Warsaw was defended till September 27", "57332e48d058e614000b5762": "Red Army", "57332e48d058e614000b5763": "try to seize control of Warsaw from the Germans", "57332e48d058e614000b5764": "1 August 1944", "57332e48d058e614000b5765": "48 hours", "57332e48d058e614000b5766": "200,000", "57332f81d058e614000b5776": "Bricks for Warsaw", "57332f81d058e614000b5777": "Bricks for Warsaw\" campaign was initiated, and large prefabricated housing projects were erected in Warsaw to address the housing shortage", "57332f81d058e614000b5778": "Palace of Culture and Science", "57332f81d058e614000b5779": "Palace of Culture and Science", "57332f81d058e614000b577a": "UNESCO's World Heritage list", "573330444776f41900660758": "John Paul celebrated Mass", "573330444776f41900660759": "the budding solidarity movement", "573330444776f4190066075a": "less than a year", "573330444776f4190066075b": "Square", "573330444776f4190066075c": "the budding solidarity movement", "5733314e4776f4190066076a": "260 km (160 mi) from the Baltic Sea, 523", "5733314e4776f4190066076b": "about 300 km (190 mi) from the Carpathian Mountains and about 260 km (160 mi) from the Baltic Sea, 523", "5733314e4776f4190066076c": "Vistula River", "5733314e4776f4190066076d": "115.7 metres", "5733314e4776f4190066076e": "the heartland of the Masovian Plain", "57335c20d058e614000b58f9": "two", "57335c20d058e614000b58fa": "Vistula River", "57335c20d058e614000b58fc": "moraine plateau", "57335c20d058e614000b58fb": "Vistula River", "57335c20d058e614000b58fd": "Warsaw Escarpment", "57335ddbd058e614000b592f": "plain moraine", "57335ddbd058e614000b5930": "flooded terraces", "57335ddbd058e614000b5931": "one the flood plain terrace", "57335ddbd058e614000b5932": "peat swamps or small ponds cover the highest terrace", "57335ddbd058e614000b5933": "flood plain terrace", "57335fcad058e614000b5970": "turbulent", "57335fcad058e614000b5971": "planned destruction. After liberation, rebuilding began as in other cities of the communist-ruled PRL", "57335fcad058e614000b5972": "After liberation, rebuilding began as in other cities of the communist-ruled PRL", "57335fcad058e614000b5973": "Leopold Kronenberg Palace", "57335fcad058e614000b5974": "Leopold Kronenberg Palace", "573361404776f4190066093c": "Gothic architecture", "573361404776f4190066093d": "14th century", "573361404776f4190066093e": "the temple", "573361404776f4190066093f": "Gothic architecture", "573361404776f41900660940": "Baryczko merchant family", "573362b94776f41900660974": "17th century", "573362b94776f41900660975": "numerous noble palaces and churches during the later decades of the 17th century", "573362b94776f41900660976": "1712\u20131721), Palace of the Four Winds (1730s", "573362b94776f41900660977": "geometrical forms teamed with a great", "573362b94776f41900660978": "1775", "5733638fd058e614000b59e8": "bourgeois architecture", "5733638fd058e614000b59e9": "bourgeois", "5733638fd058e614000b59ea": "socialist realism", "5733638fd058e614000b59eb": "Warsaw University of Technology building", "5733638fd058e614000b59ec": "the most distinctive buildings", "5733647e4776f419006609ae": "Pawiak, an infamous German Gestapo prison now occupied by a Mausoleum of Memory of Martyrdom and the museum", "5733647e4776f419006609af": "Pawiak", "5733647e4776f419006609b0": "The Warsaw Citadel", "5733647e4776f419006609b1": "heroic history of Warsaw. Pawiak", "5733647e4776f419006609b2": "The Warsaw Citadel", "573368044776f41900660a29": "rare domestic and foreign plants", "573368044776f41900660a2a": "the New Orangery displays plants of subtropics", "573368044776f41900660a2b": "Park Ujazdowski (close to the Sejm and John Lennon street), Park of Culture and Rest in Powsin", "573368044776f41900660a2c": "Park Ujazdowski (close to the Sejm and John Lennon street", "573368044776f41900660a2d": "1865\u20131871", "573368e54776f41900660a53": "very rich", "573368e54776f41900660a54": "the borders of Warsaw", "573368e54776f41900660a55": "Forest", "573368e54776f41900660a56": "Kabaty Forest", "573368e54776f41900660a57": "two", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcb": "1,300,000", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcc": "420,000", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcd": "1951", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bce": "bolstered some kind of conviction among Poles that Varsovians thought of themselves as better only", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcf": "residency registration", "57338007d058e614000b5bda": "multi-cultural", "57338007d058e614000b5bdb": "711,988", "57338007d058e614000b5bdc": "35.7%", "57338007d058e614000b5bdd": "35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians and 2.8%", "57338007d058e614000b5bde": "1944", "573380e0d058e614000b5be9": "a commune", "573380e0d058e614000b5bea": "powiats", "573380e0d058e614000b5beb": "Krak\u00f3w", "57338160d058e614000b5bf9": "unicameral Warsaw City Council", "57338160d058e614000b5bfa": "60", "57338160d058e614000b5bfb": "four years", "57338160d058e614000b5bfc": "committees", "57338160d058e614000b5bfd": "30", "57338255d058e614000b5c0d": "President", "57338255d058e614000b5c0e": "Jan Andrzej Menich", "57338255d058e614000b5c0f": "1990", "57338255d058e614000b5c10": "Jan Andrzej Menich", "57338255d058e614000b5c11": "mayor of the district Centrum", "573382d24776f41900660c37": "\u015ar\u00f3dmie\u015bcie", "573382d24776f41900660c38": "304,016", "573382d24776f41900660c39": "Foreign investors' financial participation", "573382d24776f41900660c3a": "12%", "573382d24776f41900660c3b": "33 000", "5733834ed058e614000b5c26": "1817", "5733834ed058e614000b5c27": "WSE)", "5733834ed058e614000b5c28": "1817", "5733834ed058e614000b5c29": "374", "5733834ed058e614000b5c2a": "the Polish United Workers' Party", "573383d0d058e614000b5c35": "1951", "573383d0d058e614000b5c36": "Fiat 125p", "573383d0d058e614000b5c37": "Daewoo", "573383d0d058e614000b5c38": "Daewoo", "573383d0d058e614000b5c39": "Fiat 125p", "573166ede6313a140071cef2": "Wars", "573166ede6313a140071cef3": "Vistula River", "573166ede6313a140071cef4": "Vistula River", "573166ede6313a140071cef5": "2.666 million", "573166ede6313a140071cef6": "central Poland", "5732b6b5328d981900602021": "Vistula River", "5732b6b5328d981900602022": "Vistula River", "5732b6b5328d981900602023": "300 kilometres", "5732b6b5328d981900602024": "2.666 million", "5732b6b5328d981900602025": "2.666 million residents, which makes Warsaw the 9th", "56ddde6b9a695914005b9628": "France", "56ddde6b9a695914005b9629": "10th and 11th centuries", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962a": "France", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962b": "Rollo", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962c": "10th century", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad5f": "Roger II", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad60": "Richard I", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad61": "Catholic orthodoxy", "56dde0379a695914005b9636": "\"Normans\"", "56dde0379a695914005b9637": "Medieval Latin, 9th century", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad75": "911 as a fiefdom", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad76": "Charles III", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad77": "Normandy", "56dde1d966d3e219004dad8d": "pagii", "56dde27d9a695914005b9651": "culture", "56dde27d9a695914005b9652": "north of France", "56dde2fa66d3e219004dad9b": "1066 Normandy", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9660": "a Saracen attack occurred.", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9661": "Michael at Monte Gargano", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9662": "Monte Gargano", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b595": "Drogo", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b596": "Henry III", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59a": "Malta from the Saracens", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59b": "1130", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59c": "Squillace, and cathedrals, such as Roger II's Cappella Palatina chapel at Palermo", "56de0ed14396321400ee2579": "usian al-Idrisi", "56de0ed14396321400ee257a": "Book of Roger\"", "56de0ed14396321400ee257b": "a meritocratic bureaucracy of Jews", "56de0f6a4396321400ee257f": "the Byzantines called them, were Normans and not other Frenchmen", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258d": "1050s", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258e": "1060s", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258f": "carve out an independent state in Asia Minor", "56de10b44396321400ee2593": "Oursel", "56de10b44396321400ee2594": "Oursel", "56de10b44396321400ee2595": "Oursel led a force of \"Franks", "56de11154396321400ee25aa": "Norman mercenary", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bc": "Comiscortes", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bd": "February 1082", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5be": "1085", "56de15104396321400ee25b7": "the city of Deabolis", "56de15104396321400ee25b8": "Bohemond, Robert's son, landed in Valona", "56de15104396321400ee25b9": "the citadel of Mili", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c2": "1185", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c3": "Adriatic", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c4": "Adriatic", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c8": "Duke Richard II", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c9": "Duke Richard II", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5ca": "England", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5cb": "Duke Richard II of Normandy, and King Ethelred II", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d0": "Harthacnut", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d1": "1041", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d2": "Ralph the Timid earl of Hereford. He invited his brother-in-law Eustace II", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c5": "Battle of Hastings", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c6": "Duke William II of Normandy conquered England", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c7": "1066", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c8": "the Anglo-Saxons", "56de1728cffd8e1900b4b5d7": "Latin language", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5da": "1169", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5db": "Bannow Bay", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5dc": "French Norman name Morel", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e0": "Malcolm III of Scotland", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e1": "Malcolm III", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e2": "1072", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e3": "his son Duncan", "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6be": "David I of Scotland, whose elder brother Alexander I had married Sybilla", "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6bf": "Normans and Norman culture", "56de3d594396321400ee26ca": "Hereford", "56de3d594396321400ee26cb": "earl of Hereford", "56de3d594396321400ee26cc": "the Normans had come into contact with Wales. Edward the Confessor", "56de3dbacffd8e1900b4b6d2": "Neufmarch\u00e9, Roger of Montgomery in Shropshire and Hugh Lupus in Cheshire", "56de3e414396321400ee26d8": "1018", "56de3e414396321400ee26d9": "William of Montreuil", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e6": "1097", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e7": "Tancred", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e8": "Jerusalem", "56de3efccffd8e1900b4b6fe": "380 years", "56de3f784396321400ee26fa": "a storm dispersed the fleet", "56de3f784396321400ee26fb": "Berengaria", "56de3f784396321400ee26fc": "1191", "56de3f784396321400ee26fd": "Isaac Komnenos. On 1 May 1191, Richard's fleet arrived in the port of Limassol", "56de40da4396321400ee2708": "Conrad of Montferrat", "56de40da4396321400ee2709": "silver", "56de40da4396321400ee270a": "Guy de Lusignan", "56de41504396321400ee2714": "King Sancho VI", "56de41504396321400ee2715": "12 May 1191", "56de41504396321400ee2716": "great pomp and splendor. Among other grand ceremonies", "56de48f34396321400ee2770": "1489", "56de48f34396321400ee2771": "the Knights Templar", "56de49564396321400ee277a": "Atlantic coast of Africa", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a7": "Bethencourt", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a8": "Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a9": "Enrique P\u00e9rez de Guzm\u00e1n", "56de4a474396321400ee2786": "Channel Islands", "56de4a474396321400ee2787": "two", "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7bd": "a new stage in the architectural history of the regions they subdued. They spread a unique Romanesque", "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7be": "windows", "56de4b074396321400ee2793": "Norman-Arab", "56de4b074396321400ee2794": "Norman-Arab architecture", "56de4b074396321400ee2795": "Norman-Arab architecture", "56de4b5c4396321400ee2799": "11th century", "56de4b5c4396321400ee279a": "dukes", "56de4bb84396321400ee27a2": "16th century", "56de4c324396321400ee27ab": "embroidery", "56de4c324396321400ee27ac": "the Bayeux Tapestry", "56de4c324396321400ee27ad": "Odo", "56de51244396321400ee27ef": "crown is Byzantine in style and the coronation cloak", "56de51c64396321400ee27f7": "11th century", "56de51c64396321400ee27f8": "William of Volpiano and John of Ravenna", "56de52614396321400ee27fb": "southern Italy", "56de52614396321400ee27fc": "Latin monastery", "56de52614396321400ee27fd": "Robert Guiscard", "56de52614396321400ee27fe": "singing", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f6": "1856 \u2013 7 January 1943", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f8": "Serbian Cyrillic: \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u0422\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0430", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f9": "1856 \u2013 7 January 1943", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b7": "10 July 1856 \u2013 7 January 1943", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b8": "1856 \u2013 7 January 1943", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b9": "\u0422\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0430", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6bb": "alternating current", "56df9ee138dc421700152108": "1884", "56df9ee138dc421700152109": "Thomas Edison", "56df9ee138dc42170015210a": "George Westinghouse", "56df9ee138dc42170015210b": "Thomas Edison in New York City", "56df9ee138dc42170015210c": "War of Currents", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c1": "1884", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c2": "Thomas Edison", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c3": "New York City", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c4": "George Westinghouse", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c5": "AC induction motor and transformer", "56dfa01738dc42170015211d": "1893", "56dfa01738dc42170015211e": "New York and Colorado Springs", "56dfa01738dc42170015211f": "mechanical oscillators/generators", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35b": "Colorado Springs", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35c": "1893", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35d": "mechanical oscillators/generators, electrical discharge tubes, and early X-ray imaging. He also built a wireless controlled boat", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35e": "intercontinental wireless transmission", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb7": "121,154 He lived most of his life in a series of New York hotels, through his retirement. Tesla died on 7 January 1943", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb8": "SI unit of magnetic flux density", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb9": "New York hotels", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebba": "archetypal", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cb": "varying degrees of success", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cc": "121,154 He lived most of his life in a series of New York hotels, through his retirement. Tesla died on 7 January 1943", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cd": "SI unit of magnetic flux density", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6ce": "January 1943", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cf": "manship", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc1": "Austrian Empire", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc2": "Milutin Tesla, was a Serbian Orthodox priest", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc3": "idetic memory and creative abilities", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc4": "eidetic memory and creative abilities to his mother", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36b": "Orthodox priest", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36c": "Milutin Tesla", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36d": "\u0110uka Tesla", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36e": "genetics", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36f": "western Serbia, near Montenegro", "56dfa1d34a1a83140091ebd4": "five", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd6": "German", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd7": "1862", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac375": "Dane", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac376": "Dane", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac377": "a horse-riding accident", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac378": "Gospi\u0107", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac379": "Austrian Empire, where Tesla's father worked as a pastor", "56dfa24a38dc421700152142": "Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56dfa24a38dc421700152143": "German", "56dfa24a38dc421700152144": "integral calculus", "56dfa24a38dc421700152145": "calculus", "56dfa24a38dc421700152146": "1870", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d5": "1870", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d6": "to attend school at the Higher Real Gymnasium", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d7": "Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d8": "German", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d9": "1873.:33", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf2": "cholera", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf3": "nine months", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf4": "multiple times. Tesla's father, in a moment of despair, promised to send him to the best engineering school", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf5": "the priesthood", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf6": "his birthtown, Smiljan", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6df": "1873", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e0": "cholera", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e1": "nine months", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e2": "the priesthood", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e3": "best engineering school", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfc": "near Gra\u010dac", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfd": "Mark Twain", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfe": "the mountains", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebff": "1874", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ec00": "Gra\u010dac.", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac389": "running away to Tomingaj, near Gra\u010dac.", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38a": "1874", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38b": "books", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38c": "Mark Twain", "56dfa3c338dc421700152154": "1875", "56dfa3c338dc421700152155": "Austrian Polytechnic", "56dfa3c338dc421700152156": "1879", "56dfa3c338dc421700152157": "Poeschl over the Gramme dynamo", "56dfa3c338dc421700152158": "11 p.m.", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ab": "Graz", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ac": "1875", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ad": "1879", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ae": "gambling", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3af": "Poeschl over the Gramme dynamo", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfa9": "severed all relations with his family", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfaa": "hide the fact", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfab": "school", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfac": "hide the fact that he dropped out", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfad": "nervous breakdown", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e717": "December 1878", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e718": "that he dropped out of school", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e719": "hide the fact that he dropped out of school. His friends thought that he had drowned", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71a": "time playing cards", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71b": "his family to hide the fact that he dropped out of school", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbd": "police guard", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbe": "24 March 1879", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbf": "60", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc0": "that he died of a stroke)", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc1": "Gospi\u0107 under police guard for not having a residence permit", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3bf": "under police guard", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c0": "24 March 1879", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c1": "Real Gymnasium", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c2": "contracting an unspecified illness", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5b": "Charles-Ferdinand University", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5c": "Gospi\u0107 for Prague where he was to study. Unfortunately, he arrived too late", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5e": "lectures", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5f": "Charles-Ferdinand University", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c7": "Prague", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c8": "January 1880", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c9": "the university", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3ca": "uncles", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc7": "to Budapest", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc8": "Ferenc Pusk\u00e1s", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc9": "Telephone Exchange. Upon arrival, Tesla realized that the company, then under construction, was not functional, so he worked as a draftsman", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfca": "telephone repeater or amplifier", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfcb": "a draftsman", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fc": "1881", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fd": "telegraph company, the Budapest Telephone Exchange", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fe": "draftsman", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3ff": "a draftsman", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc83": "1882", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc84": "France", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc85": "New York City", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc86": "Thomas Edison", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc87": "France", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e769": "France", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76a": "France", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76b": "June 1884", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76c": "Thomas Edison", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76d": "Manhattan's lower east side", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00d": "fifty thousand dollars", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00e": "completely redesigning the Edison Company's direct current generators", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e010": "fifty thousand dollars", "56e0d6367aa994140058e773": "fifty thousand dollars", "56e0d6367aa994140058e774": "Tesla, you don't understand our American humor", "56e0d6367aa994140058e775": "64 Instead, Edison offered a US$10", "56dfb5777aa994140058e021": "Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail", "56dfb5777aa994140058e022": "an electric lighting company", "56dfb5777aa994140058e023": "Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing. The company installed electrical arc light based illumination systems designed by Tesla and also had designs for dynamo electric machine commutators", "56dfb5777aa994140058e024": "dynamo electric machine commutators", "56dfb5777aa994140058e025": "Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac420": "Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac421": "1886", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac422": "Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail, who agreed to finance an electric lighting company in Tesla's name, Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac423": "Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing. The company installed electrical arc light based illumination systems designed by Tesla and also had designs for dynamo electric machine commutators", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac424": "Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing. The company", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb5": "little interest in Tesla's ideas for new types of motors and electrical transmission equipment", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb6": "penniless", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb8": "various electrical repair jobs", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb9": "1886/1887", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42b": "control", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42c": "various electrical repair jobs and even as a ditch digger", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42d": "various electrical repair jobs", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc0": "Tesla met Alfred S. Brown, a Western Union superintendent, and New York attorney Charles F. Peck", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc1": "April 1887", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc2": "Tesla, \u2153 to Peck and Brown, and \u2153 to fund development. They set up a laboratory for Tesla at 89 Liberty Street", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc3": "89 Liberty Street in Manhattan", "56e0d810231d4119001ac432": "1886", "56e0d810231d4119001ac433": "superintendent", "56e0d810231d4119001ac434": "Alfred S. Brown", "56e0d810231d4119001ac435": "89 Liberty Street in Manhattan", "56e0d810231d4119001ac436": "Tesla Electric Company", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e053": "induction", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e054": "May 1888", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e055": "commutator", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e056": "high maintenance of constantly servicing and replacing mechanical brushes", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e057": "induction", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43c": "1887", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43d": "because of its advantages in long-distance", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43e": "commutator, thus avoiding sparking and the high maintenance of constantly servicing and replacing mechanical brushes", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43f": "1882", "56e057e1231d4119001ac043": "editor of Electrical World magazine", "56e057e1231d4119001ac044": "American Institute of Electrical Engineers", "56e057e1231d4119001ac045": "1888", "56e057e1231d4119001ac046": "trying to secure patents", "56e057e1231d4119001ac047": "Thomas Commerford Martin", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e779": "Thomas Commerford Martin", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77a": "George Westinghouse that Tesla had a viable AC motor and related power system \u2014 something for which Westinghouse", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77b": "George Westinghouse", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77c": "control the market", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77d": "George Westinghouse", "56e05900231d4119001ac04d": "1888", "56e05900231d4119001ac04e": "$60,000", "56e05900231d4119001ac04f": "Westinghouse", "56e05900231d4119001ac051": "polyphase induction", "56e0dc667aa994140058e783": "60,000 in cash and stock and a royalty of $2.50 per AC horsepower", "56e0dc667aa994140058e784": "July 1888", "56e0dc667aa994140058e785": "$2,000", "56e0dc667aa994140058e786": "the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company's Pittsburgh labs", "56e059c8231d4119001ac057": "Pittsburgh", "56e059c8231d4119001ac058": "induction", "56e059c8231d4119001ac059": "60-cycle", "56e059c8231d4119001ac05a": "DC traction", "56e0e518231d4119001ac444": "alternating current", "56e0e518231d4119001ac445": "DC traction", "56e05a78231d4119001ac062": "Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse", "56e05a78231d4119001ac063": "War of Currents,\" an electrical distribution battle", "56e05a78231d4119001ac064": "Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse", "56e05a78231d4119001ac065": "Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78b": "induction motor and Westinghouse", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78c": "George Westinghouse that had been simmering", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78d": "1888", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78e": "War of Currents,\" an electrical distribution battle", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78f": "George Westinghouse", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cd": "George Westinghouse", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1ce": "Chicago", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cf": "1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago with alternating current", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d0": "Tesla Polyphase System", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d1": "gas-discharge lamp.:79", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d5": "George Westinghouse", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d6": "Chicago", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d7": "1893", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d8": "electrical exhibits. It was a key event in the history of AC power", "56e0812c231d4119001ac213": "Richard Dean Adams", "56e0812c231d4119001ac214": "Columbian Exposition", "56e0812c231d4119001ac215": "incandescent bulbs using two-phase alternating current. Based on Tesla's advice and Westinghouse", "56e0812c231d4119001ac216": "Cataract Construction Company", "56e0812c231d4119001ac217": "AC system at the Columbian Exposition, a contract for building a two-phase AC generating system at the Niagara Falls was awarded to Westinghouse Electric", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac459": "Dean Adams", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45a": "1893", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45b": "two-phased", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45c": "high-voltage", "56e089ab231d4119001ac285": "1896", "56e089ab231d4119001ac287": "$216,000", "56e089ab231d4119001ac288": "2.50 per AC horsepower", "56e089ab231d4119001ac289": "$200,000", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac462": "J. P. Morgan", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac463": "$216,000", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac464": "$216,000", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5da": "35", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5db": "South Fifth Avenue", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dc": "lit electric lamps", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dd": "Tesla coil", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac468": "July 1891", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac469": "Tesla coil", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46a": "35", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46b": "wireless power transmission", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac299": "American Institute of Electrical Engineers", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29a": "Radio Engineers) of the modern-day IEEE", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29d": "1892 to 1894", "56e0f019231d4119001ac470": "vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, the forerunner (along with the Institute of Radio Engineers", "56e0f019231d4119001ac471": "vice president", "56e0f019231d4119001ac472": "Institute of Radio Engineers", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a4": "kinds", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a5": "invisible", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a6": "1894", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a7": "metal locking screw", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c8": "December 1895", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c9": "invisible", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4ca": "radiant energy of \"invisible", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cb": "metal locking screw", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cc": "R\u00f6ntgen", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ad": "his own experiments", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ae": "March 1896", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2af": "radiography), Tesla proceeded to do his own experiments in X-ray imaging, developing a high energy single terminal vacuum tube", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b0": "X-rays", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b1": "Tesla Coil", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d4": "March 1896", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d5": "his own design that had no target electrode and that worked from the output of the Tesla Coil", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d6": "discovery of X-ray", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b7": "longitudinal waves", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b8": "various causes", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b9": "the skin damage", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2ba": "his circuit and single-node X-ray-producing devices", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2bb": "in force-free magnetic fields", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ee": "various causes", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ef": "longitudinal waves", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f0": "plasmas. These plasma waves can occur in force-free magnetic fields", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f1": "various causes", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e795": "Benjamin Lamme", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e796": "1893", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e797": "Tesla Polyphase System", "56e0ed557aa994140058e7dd": "Egg of Columbus", "56e0ed557aa994140058e7e0": "rotating magnetic field", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e859": "11 July 1934", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85a": "break off the cathode, pass out of the tube, and physically strike him. \"Tesla said he could feel a sharp stinging pain", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85b": "out", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85c": "bits of metal projected by his \"electric gun", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac525": "National Electric Light Association", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac526": "Tesla Coil", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac527": "Franklin Institute", "56e0fb887aa994140058e869": "1898", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86a": "teleautomaton", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86b": "Madison Square Garden", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86c": "magic, telepathy", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86d": "magic, telepathy, and being piloted", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e877": "1901", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e878": "Tesla was granted patents for a \"system of transmitting electrical energy\" and \"an electrical transmitter.\" When Guglielmo Marconi", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e879": "1901", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87a": "1900", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87b": "the Marconi Company", "56e0fd167aa994140058e881": "17 May 1899", "56e0fd167aa994140058e882": "Colorado Springs", "56e0fd167aa994140058e883": "15 June 1899", "56e0fd167aa994140058e884": "five inches", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ea": "lightning", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673eb": "stationary waves", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ec": "stationary waves", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6a": "lightning", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6b": "lightning", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6c": "15 miles", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6d": "Sparks sprang from water line taps when touched. Light bulbs within 100 feet", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6e": "electrified, swirling in circles", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fb": "a power outage", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fc": "a power outage", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fd": "a power station generator, causing a power outage", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fe": "power station generator, causing a power outage", "56e10043e3433e1400422a84": "intelligent", "56e10043e3433e1400422a85": "Mars", "56e10043e3433e1400422a86": "Julian Hawthorne", "56e10043e3433e1400422a87": "intelligent", "56e10043e3433e1400422a88": "8 December 1899", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67403": "$100,000", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67404": "Colorado Springs", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67405": "Colorado Springs", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67406": "1899", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740b": "January 1900", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740c": "torn down", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740d": "January 1900", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740e": "a debt", "56e10179cd28a01900c67413": "trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility", "56e10179cd28a01900c67414": "trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility", "56e10179cd28a01900c67415": "Shoreham, Long Island", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8e": "Morgan", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8f": "more funds to build a more powerful transmitter", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a91": "more powerful transmitter", "56e10296cd28a01900c67423": "over 50", "56e10296cd28a01900c67424": "pleading", "56e10296cd28a01900c67425": "improper", "56e10296cd28a01900c67426": "187 feet", "56e10325cd28a01900c67435": "100\u20135,000", "56e10325cd28a01900c67436": "100\u20135,000 hp", "56e10325cd28a01900c67437": "1906, Tesla demonstrated his 200 horsepower (150 kilowatts) 16,000 rpm bladeless turbine. During 1910\u20131911", "56e10325cd28a01900c67438": "16,000 rpm bladeless", "56e10412e3433e1400422aba": "several buildings", "56e10412e3433e1400422abb": "Houston Street lab", "56e10412e3433e1400422abc": "hammer to terminate the experiment", "56e10412e3433e1400422abd": "Nikola Tesla, Dreamer\" by Allan L. Benson", "56e10412e3433e1400422abe": "several buildings", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae4": "dull students bright by saturating them unconsciously with electricity", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae5": "dull students bright by saturating them unconsciously with electricity", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae6": "William H. Maxwell", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae7": "superintendent", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afa": "overseas investors. After the war started, Tesla lost the funding he was receiving from his patents in European countries", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afb": "lost", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afc": "$20,000", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afd": "$20,000", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afe": "the Edison Medal", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0c": "the magazine Electrical Experimenter", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0d": "tremendous frequency,\" with the signal being viewed on a fluorescent screen", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0e": "Electrical Experimenter Tesla postulated that electricity", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0f": "\u00c9mile Girardeau", "56e1097dcd28a01900c6748f": "Thomas Edison", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67490": "Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67491": "Physics", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67492": "his intention to refuse the reward is ridiculous", "56e10a28cd28a01900c674b1": "because of their animosity", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b3": "one of 38", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b4": "Tesla nor Edison", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b5": "1915", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b24": "1,655,114", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b25": "biplane", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b26": "$1,000", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b27": "tiltrotor/tilt-wing", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b36": "$125 per month as well as paying his rent at the Hotel New Yorker, expenses", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b37": "$125 per month as well as paying his rent at the Hotel New Yorker, expenses the Company would pay for the rest of Tesla's life", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b38": "125 per month", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b39": "impoverished conditions", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d7": "minimal loss over any terrestrial distance", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d8": "over any terrestrial distance", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d9": "minimal loss over any terrestrial distance", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674da": "mineral deposits", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674db": "1935", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b48": "medical aid, only asking to be taken to his hotel via cab. Tesla was bedridden for some months and was unable to continue feeding pigeons", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b49": "a doctor", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4a": "dodge a moving taxicab and was thrown heavily to the ground. Tesla's back was severely wrenched and three", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4b": "1938", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4c": "1938", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674eb": "death ray", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ec": "Van de Graaff generator", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ed": "ground-based infantry", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ee": "death ray", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ef": "death ray", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5c": "1937", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5d": "luncheon", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5e": "high voltage", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5f": "via high voltage", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b60": "a little time", "56e10fbacd28a01900c67509": "charged particle beam", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750a": "the Nikola Tesla Museum archive", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750b": "Belgrade", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750c": "millions", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750d": "charged particle beam weapons. Tesla published the document in an attempt to expound on the technical description of a \"superweapon", "56e11044e3433e1400422b76": "steal", "56e11044e3433e1400422b77": "teleforce weapon", "56e11044e3433e1400422b78": "invention.", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67531": "86", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67532": "January 1943", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67533": "maid Alice Monaghan", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67534": "do not disturb", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67535": "coronary thrombosis", "56e11161e3433e1400422b86": "Alien Property Custodian", "56e11161e3433e1400422b87": "the FBI", "56e11161e3433e1400422b89": "nothing which would constitute a hazard in unfriendly hands", "56e11161e3433e1400422b8a": "Manhattan", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b90": "Louis Adamic", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b91": "Louis Adamic", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b92": "12 January", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b93": "two thousand", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b94": "Ardsley, New York", "56e1127bcd28a01900c67549": "Belgrade", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754a": "Sava Kosanovi\u0107", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754b": "Charlotte Muzar", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754c": "United States to Belgrade", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754d": "United States to Belgrade", "56e11996e3433e1400422bde": "around 300", "56e11996e3433e1400422bdf": "26", "56e11996e3433e1400422be0": "United States, Britain, and Canada", "56e11996e3433e1400422be1": "lain hidden in patent archives", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b5": "8:10 p.m.", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b6": "8:10 p.m., at Delmonico's restaurant and later the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b7": "every day", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b8": "headwaiter", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf0": "between 8 to 10 miles per day. He squished his toes", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf1": "exercise", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf2": "exercise, Tesla walked between 8 to 10 miles per day. He squished his toes one hundred times", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf3": "his brain cells", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c7": "telepathy", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c8": "Suppose I made up my mind to murder you,\" he said, \"In a second you would know it. Now, isn't that wonderful", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c9": "one", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d7": "pigeons", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d8": "$2,000", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d9": "injured ones into his hotel room to nurse back to health. He said that he had been visited by a specific injured white", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675da": "park", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675db": "hotel room", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c18": "2 inches", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c19": "2 inches", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1a": "6 feet 2 inches (1.88 m) tall and weighed 142 pounds (64 kg), with almost no weight variance from 1888 to about 1926", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1b": "New York City", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e7": "eight", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e8": "flashbacks", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e9": "memorizing complete books, and supposedly possessed a photographic memory.:33 He was a polyglot", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675ea": "blinding flashes of light would appear before his eyes", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675eb": "photographic", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f1": "48 hours", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f2": "48 hours", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f3": "chess and card-playing, sometimes spending more than 48 hours in a stretch at a gaming table", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f4": "ey", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f5": "journalist", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c28": "chastity", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c29": "his chastity", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c2a": "33", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2e": "Dorothy Sker", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2f": "Robert Underwood Johnson", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c30": "seclude", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c31": "seclude", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c32": "engineer", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67611": "Francis Marion Crawford", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67612": "elsewhere", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67613": "late 1920s", "56e12005cd28a01900c67617": "people", "56e12005cd28a01900c67618": "secretary", "56e12005cd28a01900c67619": "because of her weight", "56e12005cd28a01900c6761a": "secretary because of her weight", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c38": "atoms", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c39": "ether", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3a": "physics", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3b": "19th", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4a": "Einstein's theory of relativity", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4b": "conversion of matter into energy", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4c": "conversion of matter into energy", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c50": "gravity", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c51": "1892", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c52": "dynamic theory of gravity", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c53": "age 81", "56e122dacd28a01900c67639": "selective breeding version of eugenics", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763a": "ruthless workings of nature,\" rather than from conceptions of a \"master race", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763b": "ruthless workings of nature,\" rather than from conceptions of a \"master race", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763c": "1937", "56e1239acd28a01900c67641": "Queen Bees", "56e1239acd28a01900c67642": "1926", "56e1239acd28a01900c67643": "run by \"Queen Bees", "56e12477e3433e1400422c5e": "post-World War I environment", "56e12477e3433e1400422c5f": "Science and Discovery", "56e12477e3433e1400422c60": "20 December 1914", "56e12477e3433e1400422c61": "League of Nations", "56e124f1cd28a01900c6764f": "Orthodox Christian", "56e124f1cd28a01900c67650": "Orthodox Christian", "56e124f1cd28a01900c67651": "Buddhism and Christianity", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c66": "A Machine to End War\"", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c67": "uncertain due to other statements that he made. For example, in his article, \"A Machine to End War", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c68": "A Machine to End War", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6c": "books and articles", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6d": "Ben Johnston", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6e": "David Hatcher Childress", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67655": "on the web", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67656": "1900", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67657": "the web", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7c": "science fiction", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7d": "science fiction", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7e": "several", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765b": "Time magazine", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765c": "75th birthday", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765d": "electrical power generation", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765e": "Albert Einstein", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765f": "more than 70", "56e16182e3433e1400422e28": "classifying computational problems according to their inherent difficulty, and relating those classes", "56e16182e3433e1400422e29": "a branch of the theory of computation in theoretical computer science that focuses on classifying computational problems according to their inherent difficulty, and relating those classes", "56e16182e3433e1400422e2a": "mechanical application of mathematical steps", "56e16839cd28a01900c67887": "difficult", "56e16839cd28a01900c67888": "time and storage", "56e16839cd28a01900c67889": "time and storage", "56e16839cd28a01900c6788a": "number of gates", "56e16839cd28a01900c6788b": "time and storage", "56e17644e3433e1400422f40": "analysis of algorithms and computability theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f41": "analysis of algorithms and computability theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f42": "computability theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f43": "analysis of algorithms and computability theory", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a1": "yes\"", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a2": "a problem", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a3": "utterance", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a4": "yes\"", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a5": "yes", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f7f": "15", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f80": "decision version of the traveling salesman problem", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f81": "round trip", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa0": "string over an alphabet", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa1": "binary alphabet (i.e., the set {0,1}), and thus the strings are bitstrings", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa2": "computational problems, a problem instance is a string over an alphabet", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa3": "bitstrings must be suitably encoded. For example, integers can be represented in binary notation, and graphs", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa4": "adjacency matrices", "56e190bce3433e1400422fc8": "Decision problems are one of the central objects", "56e190bce3433e1400422fc9": "1 or 0", "56e190bce3433e1400422fca": "1 or 0", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcb": "yes", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcc": "yes", "56e19557e3433e1400422fee": "arbitrary graph", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff0": "deciding whether the given graph is connected, or not. The formal language associated with this decision problem is then the set of all connected graphs", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff1": "binary strings", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f6": "computational problem where a single output (of a total function", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f7": "every input", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f8": "integer factorization problem", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f9": "integer factorization problem", "56e19724cd28a01900c679fa": "traveling salesman problem and the integer factorization problem", "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2e": "decision problems", "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2f": "two integers", "56e1a38de3433e140042305c": "2n vertices compared to the time taken for a graph", "56e1a38de3433e140042305d": "general", "56e1a38de3433e140042305e": "more time to solve. Thus the time required to solve a problem (or the space required, or any measure of complexity", "56e1a38de3433e140042305f": "how algorithms scale with an increase in the input size", "56e1a38de3433e1400423060": "bits. Complexity theory", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a48": "Cobham", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a49": "time", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4a": "different inputs of the same size can be different, the worst-case time complexity T", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4b": "to be the maximum time taken over all inputs of size n. If T(n) is a polynomial", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4c": "a polynomial", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423094": "Turing machine is a mathematical model of a general computing machine", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423095": "complexity theory", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423097": "Turing machine", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423098": "Turing machines", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a68": "Turing machine", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a69": "probabilistic Turing machine is a deterministic Turing machine", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6a": "probabilistic Turing machine", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6b": "fixed set of rules to determine its future actions. A probabilistic Turing machine is a deterministic Turing machine", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6c": "fixed set of rules to determine its future actions. A probabilistic Turing machine is a deterministic Turing machine", "56e1b00ce3433e140042309e": "complexity classes", "56e1b00ce3433e140042309f": "more powerful than others", "56e1b00ce3433e14004230a1": "Turing machines", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a72": "tape Turing machines", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a73": "random access machines", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a74": "time and memory", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a75": "random access machines", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b0": "computational model that is allowed to branch out to check many different possibilities at once. The non-deterministic Turing machine", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b1": "more unusual resources. For example, a non-deterministic Turing machine", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b2": "check many different possibilities at once. The non-deterministic Turing machine", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b3": "mathematical models", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa3": "Turing machine", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa4": "deterministic Turing machine", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa5": "Turing machine", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa6": "time and space, a computational model such as the deterministic Turing machine", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abc": "complexity", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abd": "measure can be viewed as a computational resource. Complexity measures", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abe": "Blum complexity axioms", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abf": "complexity theory include communication complexity, circuit complexity", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67ac0": "complexity theory include communication complexity, circuit complexity", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e6": "time complexity", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e7": "time complexity", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e8": "time complexity", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e9": "time complexity", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae0": "reverse order", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae1": "reverse order, and the algorithm takes time O(n2)", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae2": "deterministic sorting algorithm quicksort. This solves the problem of sorting a list of integers", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423104": "the most efficient algorithm", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423105": "worst-case complexity, unless specified otherwise. Analyzing a particular algorithm falls under the field of analysis of algorithms", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423106": "consumption", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423107": "complexity of an algorithm is usually taken to be its worst-case complexity", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423108": "\"all possible algorithms\"", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afc": "big O notation", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afd": "constant factors", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afe": "15n + 40", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67aff": "big O notation", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2c": "complexity classes", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2d": "complexity classes", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2e": "complexity classes", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423134": "function f(n) often yields complexity classes that depend on the chosen machine model", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423135": "quadratic time", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423136": "linear time on a multi-tape Turing machine", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423137": "quadratic time in the model of single-tape Turing machines", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423138": "linear time on a multi-tape Turing machine, but necessarily requires quadratic time in the model of single-tape Turing machines", "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423148": "decision problems", "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423149": "complexity classes can be defined by bounding the time or space", "56e1c3e1e3433e140042314a": "complexity classes", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314e": "BPP, ZPP and RP, which are defined using probabilistic Turing machines", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314f": "probabilistic Turing machines", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423150": "quantum Turing machines", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423151": "quantum Turing machines", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423152": "quantum Turing machines", "56e1c720e3433e140042316a": "time indeed defines a bigger set of problems", "56e1c720e3433e140042316b": "DTIME(n2", "56e1c720e3433e140042316c": "time and space requirements, the answer to such questions is given by the time and space hierarchy", "56e1c720e3433e140042316d": "time and space hierarchy theorems respectively. They are called hierarchy theorems", "56e1c720e3433e140042316e": "deduced such proper set inclusions", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b74": "time and space hierarchy theorems form the basis for most separation results of complexity classes", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b75": "EXPTIME", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b76": "PSPACE", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423192": "reduction", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423193": "transformation", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423194": "a problem X can be solved using an algorithm", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423195": "complexity classes", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423196": "log-space reductions", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bac": "polynomial-time reduction", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bad": "polynomial-time reduction", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bae": "polynomial-time reduction", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67baf": "polynomial time. For example, the problem of squaring an integer can be reduced to the problem of multiplying two integers", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bb0": "polynomial-time reduction. This means that the reduction process takes polynomial time", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a4": "hard problems depends on the type of reduction", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a5": "hard for a class", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a6": "harder than X, since an algorithm for X allows us to solve any problem", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a8": "polynomial-time reductions are commonly used. In particular, the set of problems that are hard for NP is the set of NP-hard problems", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cb": "one of the hardest problems in C.)", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cc": "NP-complete problems", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cd": "\u03a01", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231ce": "\u03a02", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bca": "mathematical abstraction", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcb": "mathematical abstraction", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcc": "mathematical abstraction", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcd": "mathematical abstraction", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bce": "complexity class NP", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d5": "more efficient solutions", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d6": "logistics, protein structure prediction in biology, and the ability to find formal proofs of pure mathematics theorems", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d8": "$1,000,000", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd4": "Ladner", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd5": "NP-intermediate problems", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd6": "graph isomorphism problem", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fc": "computational problem of determining whether two finite graphs", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fd": "NP-complete, the polynomial time hierarchy collapses to its second level. Since it is widely believed that the polynomial hierarchy", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fe": "polynomial time hierarchy collapses to its second level. Since it is widely believed that the polynomial hierarchy", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231ff": "second level. Since it is widely believed that the polynomial hierarchy", "56e1e9dfe3433e1400423200": "Eugene Luks", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0a": "integer factorization problem is the computational problem of determining the prime factorization of a given integer", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0b": "quantum algorithm", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0c": "quantum algorithm for this problem, Shor's algorithm", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0e": "quantum algorithm for this problem, Shor", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423210": "unequal", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423211": "unequal", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423212": "P and PSPACE", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423214": "unequal", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321a": "yes/no", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321b": "NP problems", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321c": "not equal to co-NP; however, it has not yet been proven. It has been shown that if these two complexity classes", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321d": "co-NP; however, it has not yet been proven. It has been shown that if these two complexity classes", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423222": "P or equal to P. Again, there are many complexity classes", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423223": "complexity classes", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423224": "logarithmic space) is strictly contained in P or equal to P. Again, there are many complexity classes", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423225": "complexity classes", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423226": "logarithmic space) is strictly contained in P or equal to P. Again, there are many complexity classes", "56e1fc57e3433e140042322c": "1012 operations", "56e1fc57e3433e140042322f": "1012 operations each second, the program would run for about 4 \u00d7 1010", "56e1fc57e3433e1400423230": "P, then the NP-complete problems", "56e1febfe3433e1400423236": "Presburger", "56e1febfe3433e1400423237": "hard or even that most of them are. For example, the decision problem in Presburger arithmetic", "56e1febfe3433e1400423238": "NP-complete Boolean satisfiability problem", "56e1febfe3433e1400423239": "over a wide range of sizes in less than quadratic time and SAT solvers", "56e1febfe3433e140042323a": "NP-complete Boolean satisfiability problem", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c14": "algorithmic problems started off, numerous foundations were laid out by various researchers. Most influential among these was the definition of Turing machines", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c15": "Alan Turing", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c16": "Turing machines", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c17": "1936", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c18": "Turing machines", "56e202e9e3433e1400423240": "Fortnow & Homer (2003) point out, the beginning of systematic studies in computational complexity is attributed to the seminal paper", "56e202e9e3433e1400423241": "Juris Hartmanis", "56e202e9e3433e1400423242": "2003", "56e202e9e3433e1400423243": "Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns (1965), which laid out the definitions of time and space complexity", "56e202e9e3433e1400423244": "1965", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1e": "John Myhill", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1f": "1961), as well as Hisao Yamada's paper on real-time computations (1962", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c20": "Boris Trakhtenbrot", "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c24": "input encoding", "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c25": "concrete choice of input encoding, one tries to keep the discussion abstract enough to be independent of the choice of encoding", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324a": "Manuel Blum", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324b": "speed-up theorem", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324d": "Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324e": "21", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f23": "professional development. Teachers may use a lesson plan to facilitate student learning, providing a course of study which is called the curriculum", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f24": "pedagogy", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f25": "university or college", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f26": "continuing professional development. Teachers may use a lesson plan", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f27": "place", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f37": "provide instruction", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f38": "numeracy", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f39": "craftsmanship or vocational training", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f3a": "literacy and numeracy", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f51": "transient", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f52": "learning may be assisted by a teacher", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f53": "Informal learning", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f54": "learning may be assisted by a teacher occupying a transient", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f55": "learning may be assisted by a teacher occupying a transient or ongoing role, such as a family", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f65": "Quran, Torah or Bible.", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f66": "Torah or Bible", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f67": "Quran, Torah or Bible", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f68": "gurus, mullahs, rabbis, pastors/youth pastors and lamas", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e33": "homeschooling", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e34": "homeschooling, or in the wider community. Formal teaching may be carried out by paid professionals", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e35": "physicians, lawyers, engineers, and accountants", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e36": "homeschooling", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e37": "physicians, lawyers, engineers, and accountants", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6e": "organization of school functions", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6f": "extracurricular", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f70": "field trips", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f71": "teachers", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f76": "colleges", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f77": "to serve and protect the public interest", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f78": "the public interest", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f79": "instill, preserve and update the knowledge and professional standing of teachers. Around the world many governments", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f7a": "the standards of practice", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f94": "private schools may also require their teachers to be college peoples", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f95": "complaints", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f96": "the college, and private schools", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f97": "accrediting teacher education", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f98": "disciplinary action", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5b": "on an individual basis may be described as a tutor", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5c": "outdoors", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5d": "outdoors", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5e": "facilitate student learning", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa8": "either an informal or formal approach to learning, including a course of study and lesson plan that teaches skills, knowledge and/or thinking skills", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa9": "teach are often referred to as pedagogy", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76faa": "pedagogy", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fab": "knowledge and/or thinking skills. Different ways to teach are often referred to as pedagogy", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fac": "pedagogy", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e6f": "curricula as determined by the relevant authority", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e70": "teacher may follow standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e71": "practical skill", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e72": "curricula as determined by the relevant authority. The teacher may interact with students of different ages, from infants to adults", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e73": "standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbc": "educational levels of the students on particular skills", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbd": "educational levels of the students on particular skills. Understanding the pedagogy of the students in a classroom", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbe": "the lazy, inspire the bored, deflate the cocky, encourage the timid, detect and correct individual flaws", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbf": "psychology", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fc0": "lazy", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc6": "whole curriculum", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc7": "subject specialists each session", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc8": "different subject specialists", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc9": "secondary school teaching is the relationship between teachers and children. In primary schools each class", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fca": "secondary school teaching is the relationship between teachers and children. In primary schools each class", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8b": "alternative approaches for primary education", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8c": "one class", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8d": "\"platoon\" system", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8e": "one class", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8f": "one area than a teacher", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e95": "educational", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e96": "two", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e97": "learning by providing a social networking", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e98": "to fulfill the needs of every student in the classroom", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e99": "social networking", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ea9": "corporal punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eaa": "corporal punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eab": "corporal punishment. While a child was in school, a teacher was expected to act as a substitute parent, with all the normal forms of parental discipline", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eac": "corporal punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ead": "corporal punishment", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb3": "one of the most common forms of school discipline", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb4": "corporal punishment (spanking", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb5": "countries", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb6": "United States", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb7": "physical pain", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fec": "30", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fed": "American schools", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fee": "30", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fef": "Corporal punishment in American schools is administered to the seat of the student's trousers", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76ff0": "the South", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77000": "caning", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77001": "Asian, African and Caribbean countries", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77002": "Asian, African and Caribbean countries. For details of individual countries see School corporal punishment", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec7": "detention", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec8": "detention", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec9": "in school at a given time in the school day", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3eca": "in school at a given time", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ecb": "work, write lines or a punishment essay", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed1": "assertive", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed2": "misbehavior and firm", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed3": "Positive reinforcement is balanced with immediate and fair punishment for misbehavior and firm", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed4": "Positive reinforcement is balanced with immediate and fair punishment for misbehavior and firm, clear boundaries define what is appropriate and inappropriate behavior", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed5": "sarcasm", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef5": "teachers and parents", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef6": "East Asia", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef7": "modern schooling stem from the weakness in school discipline", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef8": "high standards of education", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702c": "Western countries", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702d": "Japan", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702e": "Japan", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702f": "Japan", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703a": "40 to 50 students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703b": "leaving little opportunity for concentration", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703c": "motivated students, ignoring attention-seeking and disruptive students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703d": "motivated students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703e": "leaving little opportunity for concentration and focus on what is being taught. In response, teachers may concentrate their attention on motivated students", "56e7611500c9c71400d77054": "democratic schools claim that popularly based authority can maintain order more effectively than dictator", "56e7611500c9c71400d77055": "Sudbury", "56e7611500c9c71400d77056": "Sudbury model democratic schools", "56e7611500c9c71400d77057": "democratic schools", "56e7611500c9c71400d77058": "fairly and democratically passed by the entire school community, and a good judicial system for enforcing these laws", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f13": "positive learning experience towards the course materials. On teacher/course evaluations", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f14": "passion", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f15": "teach by rote", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f17": "to rate them higher than teachers who didn't show much enthusiasm", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77072": "vitality", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77073": "exhibit enthusiasm can lead to students who are more likely to be engaged", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77074": "varied, and emotional facial expressions", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77075": "experimental studies", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77076": "teacher enthusiasm and students' intrinsic motivation to learn and vitality in the classroom. Controlled, experimental studies exploring intrinsic motivation of college students", "56e763e800c9c71400d77086": "Enthusiastic teachers may also lead to students becoming more self-determined in their own learning process", "56e763e800c9c71400d77087": "enthusiasm may act as a \"motivational embellishment\"; increasing a student's interest by the variety, novelty", "56e763e800c9c71400d77088": "enthusiasm and energy", "56e763e800c9c71400d77089": "excitement", "56e764e200c9c71400d7708e": "towards school are closely linked to student-teacher relationships", "56e764e200c9c71400d7708f": "motivation and attitudes towards school are closely linked to student-teacher relationships. Enthusiastic teachers are particularly good", "56e764e200c9c71400d77090": "improving himself, whereas academic success includes the goals he receives from his superior", "56e764e200c9c71400d77091": "improving himself, whereas academic success includes the goals he receives from his superior", "56e764e200c9c71400d77092": "Enthusiastic teachers are particularly good at creating beneficial", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a2": "spend more time", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a4": "friendly and supportive and will show more interest", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a5": "working directly", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a6": "working directly with students are perceived as supportive and effective teachers. Effective teachers have been shown to invite student participation and decision making, allow humor", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f49": "subject matter", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4a": "enjoy teaching", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4b": "excitement", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4c": "spark of excitement", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4d": "enthusiasm are enthusiasm about teaching, enthusiasm about the students, and enthusiasm about the subject matter. A teacher must enjoy teaching", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f53": "sexual misconduct", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f54": "9.6%", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f55": "American Association of University Women reported that 9.6% of students in the United States", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f56": "9.6%", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f57": "American Association of University Women", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ca": "England", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cb": "0.3% prevalence of sexual abuse", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cd": "24", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ce": "AAUW study, however, posed questions about fourteen types of sexual harassment", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f67": "Debra LaFave, Pamela Rogers, and Mary Kay Letourneau", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f69": "teacher misconduct", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e8": "sex with pupils over the age of consent", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e9": "Chris Keates", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ea": "child protection and parental rights groups. Fears of being labelled a pedophile or hebephile", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770eb": "sex with pupils over the age of consent should not be placed on the sex offenders register and that prosecution for statutory rape", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ec": "sex offenders register", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f75": "negatively impact teachers' mental and physical health", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f76": "organizational change", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f77": "occupational burnout", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f78": "Stress", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f79": "negatively impact teachers' mental and physical health", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f7f": "42%", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f80": "UK", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f81": "twice", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f82": "depression", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f83": "anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710e": "several", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710f": "Organizational interventions, like changing teachers' schedules, providing support networks and mentoring, changing the work environment", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77110": "Individual-level interventions, including stress-management training and counseling", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77111": "occupational stress", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77112": "Individual-level interventions", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f93": "university or college", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f94": "certification by a recognized body before they can teach in a school", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f95": "completion of high school. The high school student follows an education", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f96": "check and psychiatric evaluation", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f97": "US", "56e76de800c9c71400d77122": "individual states and territories", "56e76de800c9c71400d77123": "three", "56e76de800c9c71400d77124": "secondary education (secondary schools/high schools) and tertiary education", "56e76de800c9c71400d77125": "secondary education (secondary schools/high schools) and tertiary education", "56e76de800c9c71400d77126": "secondary education", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9d": "Bachelor of Education", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9e": "Bachelor of Education", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3fa1": "provincial government", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712c": "civil servants", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712d": "civil servants", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712e": "Grundschule", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712f": "civil servants' salary index scale", "56e76f7000c9c71400d77130": "Hauptschule), middle level secondary schools", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77137": "the Irish language", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77138": "\u20ac27,814 p.a., rising incrementally to \u20ac53,423", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77139": "\u20ac27,814 p.a., rising incrementally to \u20ac53,423", "56e7714a00c9c71400d7713a": "assistant", "56e7721500c9c71400d77140": "the Teaching Council", "56e7721500c9c71400d77141": "under Section 30", "56e7721500c9c71400d77142": "2001", "56e7721500c9c71400d77143": "Oireachtas funds", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbb": "2006", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbc": "phased", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbe": "on a phased", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbf": "refuse vetting \"cannot be appointed or engaged by the school in any capacity including in a voluntary role\". Existing staff", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714a": "\u00a341,004", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714b": "much higher depending on experience and extra responsibilities", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714c": "\u00a320", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714d": "bachelor's degree, complete an approved teacher education", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714e": "\u00a341,004 in September 2007", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd5": "alternative licensing programs", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd6": "retirements", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd7": "geographic area and subject taught", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd8": "retirements", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd9": "Excellent job opportunities are expected as retirements", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715c": "Council", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715d": "Teaching in Scotland is an all graduate profession", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715e": "one of the seven", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715f": "ITE) at one of the seven Scottish Universities who offer these courses. Once successfully completed, \"Provisional Registration", "56e775ec00c9c71400d77160": "Once successfully completed, \"Provisional Registration\" is given by the GTCS which is raised to \"Full Registration\" status after a year", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fdf": "April 2008", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe0": "\u00a320,427", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe1": "\u00a320,427", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe2": "\u00a339,942 as they complete the modules to earn Chartered Teacher", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe3": "Scottish", "56e777e500c9c71400d77176": "Wales", "56e777e500c9c71400d77177": "Welsh medium education", "56e777e500c9c71400d77178": "22", "56e777e500c9c71400d77179": "22", "56e777e500c9c71400d7717a": "all age groups", "56e7788200c9c71400d77180": "ATL, NUT or NASUWT", "56e7788200c9c71400d77181": "falling", "56e7788200c9c71400d77182": "2005 and 2010", "56e7788200c9c71400d77183": "NUT", "56e7788200c9c71400d77184": "teachers in Welsh schools", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffd": "Bureau of Labor Statistics", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffe": "ten years", "56e7796637bdd419002c3fff": "bachelor's degree and the majority must be certified by the state in which they teach", "56e7796637bdd419002c4000": "bachelor's degree and the majority must be certified by the state in which they teach. Many charter schools", "56e7796637bdd419002c4001": "bachelor's degree and the majority must be certified by the state in which they teach", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718a": "survey", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718b": "relatively low salaries. However, average teacher salaries have improved rapidly", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718c": "Many teachers take advantage of the opportunity to increase their income", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718d": "39,259. High school", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718e": "advent of the internet", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77194": "three", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77196": "Lutheran and Anglican. In keeping with the individualistic nature of most Protestant denominations", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77197": "Rome", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77198": "Catholic", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401d": "spiritual teacher", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401e": "archetype", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401f": "office in the Aaronic priesthood, generally conferred on young boys or recent converts, and has little in common with the \"spiritual teacher\" archetype", "56e77c6737bdd419002c4020": "archetype", "56e77c6737bdd419002c4021": "LDS Church", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a8": "a guru", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a9": "gurus often exercising a great deal of control over the lives of their disciples", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771aa": "over the lives of their disciples", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771ab": "the West", "56e77da237bdd419002c403b": "a Lama", "56e77da237bdd419002c403c": "be reborn", "56e77da237bdd419002c403d": "Tulku", "56e77da237bdd419002c403e": "many times", "56e77da237bdd419002c403f": "phowa and siddhi consciously", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b0": "ulemas, who teach of the laws of Islam", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b1": "Islamic law", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b2": "Sufism, the position of spiritual teacher and an esoteric", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b3": "spiritual teacher and an esoteric", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b4": "a Qutb", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf5": "German", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf6": "1520", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf7": "the Late Medieval Catholic Church", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf8": "freedom from God's punishment", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf9": "money", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727a": "as a free gift", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727b": "eternal life is not earned by good deeds", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727c": "office of the Pope by teaching that the Bible is the only source of divinely revealed knowledge from God and opposed sacerdotalism", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727d": "Bible", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727e": "a holy priesthood", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17284": "Tyndale Bible", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17285": "Tyndale Bible", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17286": "Tyndale Bible", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17287": "Tyndale Bible", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17288": "Protestant clergy to marry", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728e": "1483", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728f": "Hans Luder (or Ludher", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17290": "Eisleben, Saxony, then part of the Holy Roman Empire", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17291": "Catholic", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17292": "lawyer", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c56": "University of Erfurt", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c57": "a beerhouse and whorehouse", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c58": "four", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c59": "wearying spiritual exercises", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c5a": "1505", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cd": "love-hate relationship with Aristotle", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172ce": "uncertainty", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cf": "Aristotle", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d0": "everything himself by experience", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d1": "law", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d7": "lightning bolt struck near him", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d8": "July 1505", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d9": "university", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172da": "sadness", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172db": "lightning bolt struck near him. Later telling his father he was terrified of death and divine judgment", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c74": "the Augustinian", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c75": "deep spiritual despair", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c76": "jailer and hangman of my poor soul", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c77": "Johann von Staupitz", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c78": "self-inflicted penances and punishments but rather a change of heart", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172eb": "1508", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ec": "von Staupitz", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ed": "teach theology", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ee": "9 March 1508", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ef": "bachelor's degree in Biblical studies", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb0": "21 October 1512", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb1": "21 October 1512", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb2": "Doctor in Bible", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb3": "University of Wittenberg", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb4": "Doctor of Theology", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17367": "1516", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17368": "to sell indulgences", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17369": "Roman Catholic theology", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736a": "such faith as is active", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736b": "active", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5e": "31 October", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5f": "Albert of Mainz", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d60": "Indulgences", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d61": "Albert of Mainz", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d62": "Indulgences", "56f80143aef2371900625d68": "Johann Tetzel", "56f80143aef2371900625d69": "into heaven') springs", "56f80143aef2371900625d6a": "Luther", "56f80143aef2371900625d6b": "Johann Tetzel that \"As soon as the coin in the coffer rings", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17377": "God's alone", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17378": "all punishments and granted them salvation", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17379": "all punishments and granted them salvation", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737a": "salvation", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737b": "Christ", "56f8046faef2371900625d71": "Tetzel", "56f8046faef2371900625d72": "no means representative of contemporary Catholic teaching on indulgences, but rather a reflection of his capacity to exaggerate", "56f8046faef2371900625d73": "on indulgences", "56f8046faef2371900625d74": "Catholic dogma", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17387": "one of the pillars of history", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17388": "one of the pillars of history, has little foundation", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17389": "Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738a": "Wittenberg", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738b": "one of the pillars of history, has little foundation", "56f8074faef2371900625d79": "January 1518", "56f8074faef2371900625d7a": "printing press", "56f8074faef2371900625d7b": "the 95 Theses from Latin into German", "56f8074faef2371900625d7c": "two weeks", "56f8074faef2371900625d7d": "two months", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17391": "1519", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17392": "Luther speak.", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17393": "one", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17394": "1520", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17395": "Freedom of a Christian.", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739b": "lectured on the Psalms", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739c": "Bible", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739d": "corrupt", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739e": "corrupt", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739f": "Luther", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d83": "God", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d84": "1525", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d85": "justification", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d86": "the righteousness", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d87": "God", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8d": "railing", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8e": "rediscovery of \"Christ and His salvation", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8f": "the sale of indulgences", "56f80e1daef2371900625d90": "two points", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d95": "Archbishop Albrecht of Mainz and Magdeburg", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d96": "Rome", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d97": "papal dispensation", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d98": "more than one bishopric. As Luther later noted, \"the pope had a finger in the pie as well, because one half", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d99": "1517", "56f811bdaef2371900625d9f": "Leo X", "56f811bdaef2371900625da0": "reformers", "56f811bdaef2371900625da1": "1518", "56f811bdaef2371900625da2": "the legate desisted", "56f811bdaef2371900625da3": "Luther", "56f81393aef2371900625da9": "January 1519", "56f81393aef2371900625daa": "the Saxon, who was a relative of the Elector", "56f81393aef2371900625dab": "Johann Eck", "56f81393aef2371900625dac": "papal nuncio Karl von Miltitz adopted a more conciliatory approach.", "56f81393aef2371900625dad": "disputation", "56f81537aef2371900625db3": "15 June 1520", "56f81537aef2371900625db4": "Domine", "56f81537aef2371900625db5": "41", "56f81537aef2371900625db6": "Luther", "56f81537aef2371900625db7": "3 January 1521", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f1": "The enforcement of the ban on the 95 Theses fell to the secular authorities", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f2": "18 April 1521", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f3": "the estates of the Holy Roman Empire that took place in Worms, a town on the Rhine", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f4": "Charles V presiding. Prince Frederick III", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f5": "Prince Frederick III", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fb": "Johann Eck, speaking on behalf of the Empire as assistant of the Archbishop of Trier", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fc": "Archbishop of Trier", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fd": "writings laid out on a table and asked him", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fe": "the next day", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173ff": "think about the answer to the second question", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17415": "his arm", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17416": "a knight", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17417": "Michael Mullett", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17418": "world classic of epoch-making oratory", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17427": "select the more dramatic form of words", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17428": "Luther", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17429": "to be unreliable", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e1742a": "select the more dramatic", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e17439": "private conferences", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743a": "25 May 1521", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743b": "The Emperor presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms on 25 May 1521", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743c": "Luther an outlaw, banning his literature", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743d": "give Luther food or shelter", "56f82989aef2371900625e6b": "theologian", "56f82989aef2371900625e6c": "Eisenach", "56f82989aef2371900625e6d": "my Patmos", "56f82989aef2371900625e6e": "the New Testament", "56f82989aef2371900625e6f": "the security of the Wartburg Castle", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17457": "a sin", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17458": "every good work", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17459": "1 August 1521", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745a": "sinner, and let your sins be strong, but let your trust", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745b": "Melanchthon", "56f84485aef2371900625f71": "1521", "56f84485aef2371900625f72": "idolatry", "56f84485aef2371900625f73": "idolatry the idea that the mass is a sacrifice, asserting instead that it is a gift", "56f84485aef2371900625f74": "confession and encouraged private confession and absolution, since \"every Christian is a confessor", "56f84485aef2371900625f75": "sin, because vows were an illegitimate and vain", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e17519": "placing them on prophetic faith", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751a": "1521", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751b": "the Little Horn", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751c": "the Little Horn", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751d": "the power", "56f84760aef2371900625f81": "the ex-Augustinian Gabriel Zwilling", "56f84760aef2371900625f82": "June 1521", "56f84760aef2371900625f83": "disturbances, including a revolt", "56f84760aef2371900625f84": "the Augustinian friars", "56f84760aef2371900625f85": "Andreas Karlstadt, supported by the ex-Augustinian Gabriel Zwilling", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e1752f": "6 March 1522", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17530": "trust God's word rather than violence to bring about necessary change", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17531": "eight days", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17532": "9 March, Luther preached eight sermons", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17533": "trust God's word rather than violence to bring about necessary", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9d": "The effect of Luther's intervention", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9e": "Jerome Schurf", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9f": "the elector", "56f84a60aef2371900625fa0": "spread", "56f84a60aef2371900625fa1": "misguided people", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa7": "public order", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa8": "reversing or modifying the new church practices. By working alongside the authorities to restore public order, he signalled his reinvention", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa9": "the Zwickau prophets", "56f84b68aef2371900625faa": "fomenting social unrest", "56f84b68aef2371900625fab": "reversing or modifying the new church", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb1": "Preachers", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb2": "the German Peasants' War", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb3": "1524\u201325", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb4": "liberal\" phraseology", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb5": "the upper classes", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc1": "aggrieved to obey the temporal authorities", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc2": "bishops' palaces", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc3": "grievances", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc4": "widespread burning of convents, monasteries, bishops' palaces, and libraries", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc5": "mad dogs", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754b": "three", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754c": "Render unto Caesar", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754d": "God", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754e": "Bible forms the foundation for the doctrine known as the Divine Right of Kings", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754f": "lawful submission", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755d": "laid down their weapons", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755e": "the Swabian League at the Battle of Frankenhausen", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755f": "15 May 1525", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17560": "Battle of Frankenhausen", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17561": "radicalism found a refuge in the anabaptist movement and other religious movements, while Luther's Reformation flourished under the wing of the secular powers", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756d": "Katharina von Bora", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756e": "in herring barrels", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756f": "26 years old and Luther was 41 years old", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17570": "26 years old and Luther was 41 years old", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17571": "April 1523", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17577": "June 1525", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17578": "evening of the same day", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17579": "wedding banquet", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757a": "27 June", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757b": "Bugenhagen", "56f855caaef2371900625ff3": "Andreas Karlstadt and Justus Jonas", "56f855caaef2371900625ff4": "clerical marriage", "56f855caaef2371900625ff5": "on Biblical grounds", "56f855caaef2371900625ff6": "vows of celibacy", "56f855caaef2371900625ff7": "reckless", "56f8575aaef2371900625ffd": "1526", "56f8575aaef2371900625ffe": "a wedding present", "56f8575aaef2371900625fff": "six", "56f8575aaef2371900626000": "my poverty", "56f8575aaef2371900626001": "farming", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175af": "confessional church based on personal faith", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b0": "supervisory church body, laid down a new form of worship service", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b1": "confessional church based on personal faith", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b2": "a clear summary of the new faith in the form of two catechisms", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b3": "a theology of the cross", "56f85bb8aef237190062600f": "confusing or upsetting the people, Luther avoided extreme change", "56f85bb8aef2371900626010": "the church", "56f85bb8aef2371900626011": "forgiveness", "56f85bb8aef2371900626012": "John the Stead", "56f85bb8aef2371900626013": "temporal sovereign\"", "56f85cf0aef2371900626019": "1526", "56f85cf0aef237190062601a": "his 1523", "56f85cf0aef237190062601b": "Luther", "56f85cf0aef237190062601c": "German Mass, which he published in early 1526. He did not intend it as a replacement for his 1523", "56f85cf0aef237190062601d": "freedom of ceremony. Some reformers", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c3": "1527", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c4": "during their visitation of the Electorate of Saxony, which began in 1527. They also assessed the standard of pastoral care and Christian education", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c5": "pastoral care and Christian education", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c6": "all of Christian doctrine", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c7": "well-nigh unskilled", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cd": "the catechism as a method of imparting the basics of Christianity", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175ce": "1529", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cf": "Luther", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d0": "Luther", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d1": "Large Catechism, a manual for pastors and teachers, as well as a synopsis, the Small Catechism", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d7": "catechism", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d8": "religious teaching", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d9": "Catechism", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175da": "hymns and his translation of the Bible", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175db": "Bible", "56f86966aef2371900626053": "Small Catechism", "56f86966aef2371900626054": "Catechism", "56f86966aef2371900626055": "Lutheran", "56f86966aef2371900626056": "effective", "56f86966aef2371900626057": "the Decalogue", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f5": "1522", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f6": "1522", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f7": "translation", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f8": "\"alone", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f9": "Faith", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17605": "Saxon chancellery", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17606": "German spoken at the Saxon chancellery", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17607": "German spoken at the Saxon chancellery, intelligible to both northern and southern Germans", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17608": "everyday Germans", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17609": "Bible accessible to everyday Germans, \"for we are removing impediments and difficulties", "56f86e91aef2371900626067": "German-language publications", "56f86e91aef2371900626068": "Bible translation", "56f86e91aef2371900626069": "Bible translation. As such, it made a significant contribution to the evolution of the German language and literature", "56f86e91aef237190062606a": "Lucas Cranach", "56f86e91aef237190062606b": "William Tyndale", "56f87000aef2371900626071": "hymn-writer", "56f87000aef2371900626072": "folk music", "56f87000aef2371900626073": "A Mighty Fortress", "56f87000aef2371900626074": "a lute", "56f87000aef2371900626075": "waldzither", "56f8720eaef237190062608f": "Ein neues", "56f8720eaef2371900626090": "to be martyred by the Roman Catholic Church for Lutheran views", "56f8720eaef2371900626091": "Ein neues", "56f8720eaef2371900626092": "Ein neues Lied wir heben", "56f8720eaef2371900626093": "Ein neues", "56f87392aef2371900626099": "1529", "56f87392aef237190062609a": "confession of faith prefiguring Luther", "56f87392aef237190062609b": "Luther", "56f87392aef237190062609c": "German creedal hymn", "56f87392aef237190062609d": "the perceived difficulty", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e1766f": "1538", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17670": "Vater unser im Himmelreich", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17671": "catechism questions", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17672": "revisions", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17673": "Luther's tune, although modern texts are considerably shorter", "56f87760aef23719006260cc": "1523", "56f87760aef23719006260cd": "grace", "56f87760aef23719006260ce": "write psalm-hymns", "56f87760aef23719006260cf": "130", "56f87760aef23719006260d0": "woe I cry", "56f879bdaef23719006260de": "gentiles", "56f879bdaef23719006260df": "bitten wir den Heiligen Geist\", and adopted for Easter \"Christ ist erstanden", "56f879bdaef23719006260e0": "sind die heilgen Zehn Gebot", "56f879bdaef23719006260e1": "two", "56f879bdaef23719006260e2": "Dies sind die heilgen Zehn Gebot", "56f87e95aef237190062610a": "the Christ our Lord", "56f87e95aef237190062610b": "Johann Walter tune associated with a hymnic", "56f87e95aef237190062610c": "grace", "56f87e95aef237190062610d": "J. S. Bach", "56f87e95aef237190062610e": "Halle", "56f88025aef237190062611e": "early Lutheran hymnals", "56f88025aef237190062611f": "four", "56f88025aef2371900626120": "24", "56f88025aef2371900626121": "24", "56f88025aef2371900626122": "Lutheran", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f3": "Johann Sebastian Bach", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f4": "cantatas", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f5": "1707", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f6": "1735", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f7": "1707", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fd": "Christian", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fe": "Bible passages, such as the parable of the rich man and Lazarus", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176ff": "Christian souls undergoing penitential suffering", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17700": "Christian souls undergoing penitential suffering", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17701": "in heaven", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17707": "Franz Pieper", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17708": "Lutheran theologians", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17709": "Franz Pieper", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e1770a": "1755", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17723": "anima non sic dormit), but wakes (sed vigilat", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17724": "Francis Blackburne", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17725": "1867", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17726": "John Jortin misread this and other passages from Luther", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17727": "John Jortin misread this and other passages from Luther, while Gottfried Fritschel pointed out", "56f88c37aef2371900626176": "1529", "56f88c37aef2371900626177": "grave of Hesse", "56f88c37aef2371900626178": "doctrinal unity", "56f88c37aef2371900626179": "fourteen points", "56f88c37aef237190062617a": "fourteen points out of fifteen", "56f88eafaef2371900626194": "spoken", "56f88eafaef2371900626195": "Real Presence of the body and blood of Christ in the consecrated bread and wine", "56f88eafaef2371900626196": "Real Presence of the body and blood of Christ in the consecrated bread and wine", "56f88eafaef2371900626197": "the sacramental union", "56f88eafaef2371900626198": "Jesus", "56f8907faef23719006261b2": "1530", "56f8907faef23719006261b3": "the Schmalkaldic League", "56f8907faef23719006261b4": "the Schmalkaldic League", "56f8907faef23719006261b5": "Swiss cities", "56f8907faef23719006261b6": "Protestant nobles", "56f895339e9bad19000a0177": "faith and reason were antithetical", "56f895339e9bad19000a0178": "illuminated", "56f895339e9bad19000a0179": "questions of faith could not be illuminated", "56f895339e9bad19000a017a": "human", "56f895339e9bad19000a017b": "different epistemological spheres", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5d": "hardline against Judaism", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5e": "lose hope in large-scale Jewish conversion to Christianity", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5f": "the Jews", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c60": "hardline against Judaism", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c61": "1523", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a5": "argued against resisting the Turks in his 1518 Explanation of the Ninety-five Theses, provoking accusations of defeatism", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a6": "a prayer", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a7": "agents", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a8": "Roman Church", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a9": "alien faith", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9d": "Qur'an", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9e": "Latin", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9f": "the Turk\". Though Luther saw the Muslim faith as a tool of the devil", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca0": "indifferent", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca1": "indifferent to its practice: \"Let the Turk believe and live as he will, just as one lets the papacy and other false Christians live", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022b": "not God's moral law", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022c": "Agricola", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022d": "God's moral law", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022e": "time", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022f": "gospel", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0251": "reviews and reaffirms, on the one hand, what has been called the \"second use of the law", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0252": "work sorrow over sin", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0253": "the Holy Spirit", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0254": "Christians \u2013 thereby", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0255": "sin in man's heart", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025b": "how the Christian ought to live", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025c": "his eternal will, that is, of the natural law", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025d": "how the Christian ought", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025e": "third use of the law", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025f": "Ten Commandments", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da7": "sacrament of baptism", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da8": "angel-like life", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da9": "teaching of the Ten Commandments", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02b9": "Luther became implicated in the bigamy", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02ba": "bigamy", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bb": "Luther became implicated in the bigamy of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bc": "Melanchthon", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bd": "a good, strong lie", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02eb": "ninety years earlier. He considered the Jews blasphemers and liars", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ec": "the Jews", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ed": "Christianity", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ee": "guilty", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ef": "dogs", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e05": "the Jews", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e06": "1543", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e07": "three", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e08": "worms", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e09": "money, and smashing up their homes, so that these \"envenomed worms", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3b": "against the Jews", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3c": "Luther spoke out against the Jews in Saxony, Brandenburg, and Silesia. Josel of Rosheim", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3d": "the Jewish spokesman who tried to help the Jews of Saxony", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3e": "Luther's anti-Jewish works", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3f": "1537", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e75": "Luther", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e76": "triumphantly referring to Luther.\" According to Michael, just about every anti-Jewish book printed in the Third Reich contained references to and quotations", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e77": "the development of antisemitism", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e78": "Luther", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e79": "editor", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a0389": "1941", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038a": "Luther", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038b": "Bishop Martin Sasse, a leading Protestant churchman", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038c": "Protestant regional church confederation", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038d": "the yellow badge", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03bf": "ahistorical perspective of Nazi antisemitism that ignored other contributory factors", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c0": "Roland Bainton", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c1": "Luther fatefully became one of the 'church fathers' of anti-Semitism", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c2": "the 18th and 19th centuries", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c3": "religious", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03db": "Christian suspicion of Judaism", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dc": "Ronald Berger", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dd": "hysterical and demonizing mentality", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03de": "Luther", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03df": "Christian suspicion of Judaism", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eed": "vulgarity and violence", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eee": "health deteriorated, it is possible they were at least partly the product of a declining state of mind", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eef": "vulgarity and violence", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef0": "vulgarity and violence\" for effect, both in his writings condemning the Jews", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef1": "Politics", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f35": "1980s", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f36": "4,745 North American Lutherans aged 15\u201365", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f37": "Martin Luther's statements against the Jews", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f38": "1928-1933", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f45": "vertigo, fainting, tinnitus, and a cataract in one eye. From 1531 to 1546, his health deteriorated", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f46": "the antagonisms", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f47": "kidney and bladder stones", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f48": "ill health for years, including M\u00e9ni\u00e8re's disease", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f49": "vertigo, fainting, tinnitus, and a cataract", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f61": "physical health", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f62": "physical health made him short-tempered", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f63": "short-tempered and even harsher", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f64": "Katharina", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f65": "three", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7d": "Eisleben", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7e": "15 February 1546", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7f": "Eisleben", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f80": "February 1546", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f81": "fiery summons to drive the Jews bag and baggage", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a0": "Mansfeld", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a1": "copper mining trade", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a2": "1545", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a3": "early 1546", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a4": "Count Albrecht of Mansfeld bringing the industry under his own control. The controversy that ensued involved all four Mansfeld counts: Albrecht, Philip, John George", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c6": "17 February 1546", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c7": "chest pains", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c8": "his bed, he prayed", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c9": "the common prayer of the dying", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04ca": "February 1546", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e0": "An apoplectic stroke", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e1": "2:45 a.m. on 18 February 1546", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e2": "18 February 1546", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e3": "the Castle Church", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e4": "Johannes Bugenhagen and Philipp Melanchthon", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1007": "his last statement", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1008": "Latin, apart from \"We are beggars,\" which was in German", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1009": "We are beggars", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0514": "spread of Protestantism", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0515": "images of frail Catholic saints, Luther was presented as a stout man with a \"double chin, strong mouth, piercing deep-set eyes", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0516": "crucial to the spread of Protestantism. In contrast to images of frail Catholic saints", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0517": "Catholic saints", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0518": "the woodcuts by Hans Brosamer", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103d": "31 October", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103e": "31 October", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103f": "31 October", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1040": "31 October", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1041": "Saints", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d4": "SoCal", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d5": "10", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d6": "10 counties", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d7": "demographics and economic ties: Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d8": "historical political divisions", "5705e33f52bb89140068964c": "greater Southern California Megaregion", "5705e33f52bb89140068964d": "11", "5705e33f52bb89140068964e": "Las Vegas, Nevada, and south across the Mexican border into Tijuana", "5705e33f52bb89140068964f": "Las Vegas, Nevada, and south across the Mexican border into Tijuana", "5705e33f52bb891400689650": "Las Vegas, Nevada, and south across the Mexican border into Tijuana", "5705e3f252bb89140068966a": "Pacific coast from Ventura, through the Greater Los Angeles Area and the Inland Empire, and down to Greater San Diego", "5705e3f252bb89140068966b": "seven", "5705e3f252bb89140068966c": "four million", "5705e3f252bb89140068966d": "Los Angeles area with over 12 million", "5705e3f252bb89140068966e": "17.5 million", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7704": "Colorado Desert", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7705": "Mojave Desert", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7706": "Mojave Desert", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7707": "Mexico", "5705e63175f01819005e7720": "southern California are two major cities", "5705e63175f01819005e7721": "792,621", "5705e63175f01819005e7722": "Los Angeles", "5705e63175f01819005e7723": "Los Angeles", "5705e63175f01819005e7724": "southern California", "5705e99452bb891400689688": "San Bernardino", "5705e99452bb891400689689": "Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, and Riverside", "5705e99452bb89140068968a": "San Diego, San Bernardino", "5705e99452bb89140068968b": "15", "5705e99452bb89140068968c": "15", "5705eb3375f01819005e7764": "Los Angeles", "5705eb3375f01819005e7765": "Los Angeles", "5705eb3375f01819005e7766": "Sony Pictures", "5705eb3375f01819005e7767": "music industry", "5705eb3375f01819005e7768": "Sony Pictures, Universal, MGM, Paramount Pictures, 20th Century Fox, and Warner Brothers. Universal, Warner Brothers, and Sony", "5705ec1675f01819005e776e": "skateboard", "5705ec1675f01819005e776f": "Tony Hawk", "5705ec1675f01819005e7770": "Volcom, Quiksilver, No Fear, RVCA", "5705ec1675f01819005e7771": "Huntington Beach, and Malibu, and it is second only to the island of Oahu", "5705ec1675f01819005e7772": "RVCA", "5705eccb52bb8914006896b8": "Palm Springs", "5705eccb52bb8914006896b9": "Palm Springs is popular for its resort feel and nearby open spaces", "5705eccb52bb8914006896ba": "southern California coast for its popular beaches, and the desert city of Palm Springs", "5705eccb52bb8914006896bb": "open spaces", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ca": "San Jose", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cb": "11 miles", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cc": "ten", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cd": "\"Southern California", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ce": "southern California", "5705eee952bb8914006896de": "Mexico ruled California, and political disputes raged between the Californios of Monterey in the upper part and Los Angeles", "5705eee952bb8914006896df": "Alta California", "5705eee952bb8914006896e0": "Los Angeles", "5705eee952bb8914006896e1": "the Missouri Compromise", "5705eee952bb8914006896e2": "free state, preventing southern California", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a4": "inequitable taxes", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a5": "Abraham Lincoln", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a6": "three", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a7": "75%", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a8": "John B. Weller", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f0": "Los Angeles Times", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f1": "1900", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f2": "1999", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f3": "Imperial\u2014to that list", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f4": "seven", "5705f36452bb891400689718": "regional tourism groups", "5705f36452bb891400689719": "Southern California", "5705f36452bb89140068971a": "southern California regions. The two AAA Auto Clubs of the state, the California State Automobile Association and the Automobile Club of Southern California", "5705f36452bb89140068971b": "Tehachapis", "5705f36452bb89140068971c": "north Los Angeles County and eastern Kern", "5705f7c875f01819005e77dc": "Great Lakes Megalopolis", "5705f7c875f01819005e77dd": "third most populated megalopolis", "5705f7c875f01819005e77de": "suburban communities", "5705f7c875f01819005e77df": "automobiles and highways", "5705f7c875f01819005e77e0": "Northeastern megalopolis", "5705fb7f52bb891400689750": "Camp", "5705fb7f52bb891400689751": "San Diego metropolitan area", "5705fb7f52bb891400689752": "the United States Census Bureau", "5705fb7f52bb891400689753": "Los Angeles County. While many commute to L.A. and Orange Counties", "5705fb7f52bb891400689754": "1990s", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976a": "Mediterranean", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976b": "hot and dry", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976c": "90-60's", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976d": "70-50's, usually all of Southern California have Mediterranean climate. But snow is very rare", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976e": "90-60's", "5705fd8475f01819005e7841": "Pacific Ocean islands", "5705fd8475f01819005e7840": "topographic, and natural ecosystem landscapes", "5705fd8475f01819005e7842": "topographic, and natural ecosystem landscapes", "5705fd8475f01819005e7843": "Pacific Ocean islands, shorelines, beaches, and coastal plains", "5705fd8475f01819005e7844": "the large and small interior valleys", "5705fec152bb89140068977a": "10,000", "5705fec152bb89140068977b": "10,000", "5705fec152bb89140068977c": "6.7", "5705fec152bb89140068977d": "6.7 1994 Northridge earthquake", "5705fec152bb89140068977e": "over $20 billion", "5705ffde52bb891400689784": "San Andreas Fault", "5705ffde52bb891400689785": "6.7", "5705ffde52bb891400689786": "Puente Hills Fault", "5705ffde52bb891400689787": "USGS", "5705ffde52bb891400689788": "Elsinore Fault Zone. The USGS", "570602fa52bb89140068979e": "hub of economic activity", "570602fa52bb89140068979f": "global recognition, which are often the hub of economic activity", "570602fa52bb8914006897a0": "economic activity", "570603c475f01819005e7882": "2010 United States Census, southern California has a population of 22,680,010", "570603c475f01819005e7883": "high growth", "570603c475f01819005e7884": "10.0%", "570603c475f01819005e7885": "tech-oriented economy", "570603c475f01819005e7886": "California", "5706074552bb8914006897d4": "El Centro metropolitan area and San Diego-Carlsbad", "5706074552bb8914006897d5": "five million", "5706074552bb8914006897d6": "five million", "5706074552bb8914006897d7": "Carlsbad-San Marcos", "5706074552bb8914006897d8": "17,786,419", "570607f575f01819005e78b4": "Los Angeles", "570607f575f01819005e78b5": "Los Angeles (at 3.7 million people) and San Diego", "570607f575f01819005e78b6": "twelve", "570607f575f01819005e78b7": "twelve cities with more than 200,000", "570607f575f01819005e78b8": "Los Angeles", "5706094b52bb8914006897de": "this fuel", "5706094b52bb8914006897df": "Southern California is famous for tourism and Hollywood", "5706094b52bb8914006897e0": "bubble 2001\u20132007, and has been heavily impacted by the housing crash", "5706094b52bb8914006897e1": "diverse", "5706094b52bb8914006897e2": "bubble 2001\u20132007, and has been heavily impacted", "57060a1175f01819005e78d2": "1920s", "57060a1175f01819005e78d3": "cattle and citrus", "57060a1175f01819005e78d5": "cattle and citrus", "57060a1175f01819005e78d4": "cattle and citrus", "57060a1175f01819005e78d6": "motion pictures, petroleum and aircraft manufacturing", "57060a6e52bb8914006897f8": "Southern California", "57060a6e52bb8914006897f9": "business", "57060a6e52bb8914006897fa": "Los Angeles", "57060cc352bb89140068980e": "Santa Monica", "57060cc352bb89140068980f": "Burbank", "57060cc352bb891400689810": "San Fernando Valley", "57060cc352bb891400689811": "Los Angeles central business district", "57060df252bb891400689820": "San Bernardino-Riverside area", "57060df252bb891400689821": "Business/Financial Centre", "57060df252bb891400689822": "San Bernardino, Hospitality Business/Financial Centre", "57060eaf75f01819005e7910": "Orange County is a rapidly developing business center that includes Downtown Santa Ana", "57060eaf75f01819005e7911": "University of California, Irvine", "57060eaf75f01819005e7912": "Irvine Tech Center", "57060eaf75f01819005e7913": "Santa Ana, the South Coast Metro and Newport Center districts", "57060eaf75f01819005e7914": "rapidly", "57060f3e75f01819005e7922": "central business district", "57060f3e75f01819005e7923": "Carmel Valley, Del Mar Heights, Mission Valley, Rancho Bernardo, Sorrento Mesa", "57060f3e75f01819005e7924": "Northern San Diego", "57060f3e75f01819005e7925": "San Diego", "570610b275f01819005e792a": "Los Angeles International Airport", "570610b275f01819005e792b": "passenger traffic) and the third by international passenger volume", "570610b275f01819005e792c": "third", "570610b275f01819005e792d": "San Diego International Airport", "570610b275f01819005e792e": "Van Nuys Airport", "5706111a52bb89140068984c": "Metrolink", "5706111a52bb89140068984d": "Six of the seven", "5706111a52bb89140068984e": "Six", "5706111a52bb89140068984f": "San Diego counties", "570611c475f01819005e793c": "Long Beach, the United States' second busiest container port", "570611c475f01819005e793d": "Long Beach, the United States' second busiest container port", "570611c475f01819005e793e": "Los Angeles", "5706139252bb891400689864": "The Tech Coast", "5706139252bb891400689865": "descriptor for the region's diversified technology and industrial base as well as its multitude of prestigious and world-renowned research universities and other public", "5706139252bb891400689866": "5", "5706139252bb891400689867": "5", "5706139252bb891400689868": "5", "5706143575f01819005e7950": "Professional sports teams", "5706143575f01819005e7951": "Professional sports teams in Southern California include teams from the NFL (Los Angeles Rams, San Diego Chargers", "5706143575f01819005e7952": "San Diego Padres", "5706143575f01819005e7953": "Los Angeles Kings", "5706143575f01819005e7954": "Professional sports", "5706149552bb891400689880": "Chivas", "5706149552bb891400689881": "two", "5706149552bb891400689882": "2005", "5706149552bb891400689883": "the StubHub Center", "5706149552bb891400689884": "2014 MLS season", "570614ff52bb89140068988a": "College sports", "570614ff52bb89140068988b": "USC Trojans", "570614ff52bb89140068988c": "UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans", "570614ff52bb89140068988d": "UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans both field teams in NCAA Division I in the Pac-12 Conference", "570614ff52bb89140068988e": "USC Trojans", "5706155352bb891400689894": "Rugby", "5706155352bb891400689895": "high school", "5706155352bb891400689896": "adding rugby as an official school sport", "57092322efce8f15003a7db0": "BSkyB", "57092322efce8f15003a7db1": "BSkyB", "57092322efce8f15003a7db2": "2014", "57092322efce8f15003a7db3": "British Sky Broadcasting Group", "57092322efce8f15003a7db4": "Sky plc. The United Kingdom operations also changed the company name from British Sky Broadcasting Limited to Sky UK Limited", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc4": "2006", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc5": "two", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc6": "English FA offered to broadcasters. Sky", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc7": "\u00a31.3bn. In February 2015, Sky bid \u00a34.2bn", "57094b4f9928a814004714f6": "ONdigital", "57094b4f9928a814004714f7": "ONdigital", "57094b4f9928a814004714f8": "three", "57094b4f9928a814004714f9": "BSkyB", "57094b4f9928a814004714fa": "Pick TV", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd6": "Sky+ PVR with their service", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd7": "1 July 2007", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd8": "no extra charge", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd9": "February 2011", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dda": "TV advertising campaign targeting Sky+ at women", "57094d489928a8140047150a": "VideoGuard", "57094d489928a8140047150b": "NDS, a Cisco Systems company", "57094d489928a8140047150c": "Cisco Systems company", "57094d489928a8140047150d": "BSkyB", "57094d489928a8140047150e": "PVR", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dff": "the network", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dfe": "2007", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e00": "basic channels", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e01": "price", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e02": "price", "570960cf200fba1400367f01": "July 2013", "570960cf200fba1400367f02": "2013", "570960cf200fba1400367f03": "infringed on Sky\u2019s right to the \"Sky\" trademark. On 31 July 2013, BSkyB and Microsoft announced their settlement", "570960cf200fba1400367f04": "infringed on Sky\u2019s right to the \"Sky\" trademark. On 31 July 2013, BSkyB and Microsoft announced their settlement", "570960cf200fba1400367f05": "OneDrive", "570961aa200fba1400367f15": "Sam Chisholm and Rupert Murdoch", "570961aa200fba1400367f16": "BSkyB", "570961aa200fba1400367f17": "27 September 2001", "570961aa200fba1400367f18": "Sky Digital platform", "570961aa200fba1400367f19": "400,000", "570963a5200fba1400367f33": "British Sky Broadcasting or BSkyB", "570963a5200fba1400367f34": "British Sky Broadcasting or BSkyB", "570963a5200fba1400367f35": "11 million", "570963a5200fba1400367f36": "British Sky Broadcasting or BSkyB", "57096505ed30961900e84082": "Q Silver and Sky Q Mini", "57096505ed30961900e84083": "Q Silver", "57096505ed30961900e84084": "three set top boxes (Sky Q, Sky Q Silver and Sky Q Mini), a broadband router", "57096505ed30961900e84085": "18 November 2015", "57096505ed30961900e84086": "18 November 2015", "570966e0200fba1400367f4f": "DVB-compliant MPEG-2", "570966e0200fba1400367f50": "optional Dolby Digital soundtracks for recent films", "570966e0200fba1400367f51": "MPEG-4", "570966e0200fba1400367f52": "MPEG-4", "570966e0200fba1400367f53": "MPEG-4", "570967c4ed30961900e840ba": "1998", "570967c4ed30961900e840bb": "1998 the new service used the Astra 2A", "570967c4ed30961900e840bc": "Eurobird 1 (now Eutelsat 33C) at 28.5\u00b0E", "570967c4ed30961900e840bd": "hundreds", "570967c4ed30961900e840be": "Astra 2A", "5709686c200fba1400367f77": "22 May 2006", "5709686c200fba1400367f78": "40,000", "5709686c200fba1400367f79": "STB)", "5709686c200fba1400367f7a": "17,000", "5709686c200fba1400367f7b": "4,222,000", "57096b66200fba1400367fa7": "February 2007", "57096b66200fba1400367fa8": "day", "57096b66200fba1400367fa9": "digital terrestrial platform, and on the same day that NTL", "57096b66200fba1400367faa": "Virgin Media", "57096b66200fba1400367fab": "English Premier League Football", "57096c95200fba1400367fbb": "unencrypted, some are encrypted but do not require a monthly subscription", "57096c95200fba1400367fbc": "monthly subscription", "57096c95200fba1400367fbd": "VideoGuard", "57096c95200fba1400367fbe": "LNB (9.75/10.600 GHz) which is fitted at the end of the dish and pointed at the correct satellite constellation", "57096c95200fba1400367fbf": "LNB", "57096e1ced30961900e84102": "1991", "57096e1ced30961900e84103": "ITV were the current rights holders, and fought hard to retain the new rights. ITV had increased its offer from \u00a318m to \u00a334m", "57096e1ced30961900e84104": "\u00a318m", "57096e1ced30961900e84105": "BSkyB paying \u00a3304m", "57096e1ced30961900e84106": "\u00a3304m", "57096f37200fba1400367fe5": "Ofcom", "57096f37200fba1400367fe6": "\u00a315\u2013100,000", "57096f37200fba1400367fe7": "BSkyB has no veto over the presence of channels on their EPG", "57096f37200fba1400367fe8": "carriage issues such as picture quality.", "57096f37200fba1400367fe9": "carriage issues", "57097051ed30961900e84132": "1 October 1998", "57097051ed30961900e84133": "Sky Digital", "57097051ed30961900e84134": "Sky Active, BSkyB competed with the ONdigital", "57097051ed30961900e84135": "the ONdigital", "57097051ed30961900e84136": "over 100,000", "57097141200fba1400367ff9": "2007", "57097141200fba1400367ffa": "Virgin Media", "57097141200fba1400367ffb": "carry Channel 4 HD", "57097141200fba1400367ffc": "linear HD channel, BBC HD", "57097141200fba1400367ffd": "one linear HD channel, BBC HD", "57097b50200fba140036804d": "10 million", "57097b50200fba140036804e": "36%", "57097b50200fba140036804f": "August 2004", "57097b50200fba1400368050": "36%", "57097b50200fba1400368051": "flattened", "57097c8fed30961900e841f2": "alcohol, tobacco and gambling", "57097c8fed30961900e841f3": "essentials", "57097c8fed30961900e841f4": "a claim", "57097c8fed30961900e841f5": "Sky TV bills", "57097c8fed30961900e841f6": "checking", "57097d63ed30961900e841fc": "\u00a330m", "57097d63ed30961900e841fd": "Demand and High Definition content which had previously been offered by BSkyB", "57097d63ed30961900e841fe": "Virgin Media", "57097d63ed30961900e841ff": "BSkyB", "57097d63ed30961900e84200": "relating to the carriage of their respective basic channels", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3d": "highly diversified", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3e": "second", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3f": "fourth", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c40": "Melbourne", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c41": "Melbourne Cricket Ground", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c47": "Bendigo", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c48": "New South Wales", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c49": "Buckland Valley", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4a": "1,000", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4b": "cramped", "570d26efb3d812140066d48f": "multi-member proportional representation", "570d26efb3d812140066d490": "eight", "570d26efb3d812140066d491": "five", "570d26efb3d812140066d492": "44 to 40 and their term of office", "570d26efb3d812140066d493": "44 to 40", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a3": "Liberal Party of Australia, the rural-based National Party of Australia, and the environmentalist Australian Greens", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a4": "Liberal", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a5": "Liberal Party of Australia, the rural-based National Party of Australia, and the environmentalist Australian Greens", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a6": "Liberal Party", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a7": "Liberal Party", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bd": "61.1%", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4be": "61.1%", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bf": "Buddhism", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c0": "61.1%", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c1": "About 61.1%", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c93": "the south-east", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c94": "a state in the south-east of Australia. Victoria is Australia's most densely populated state and its second-most populous state overall", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c95": "second", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c96": "Port Phillip Bay", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c97": "Port Phillip Bay", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca7": "the Koori.", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca8": "1788", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca9": "Sullivan Bay", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45caa": "Sullivan Bay", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45cab": "1803", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbb": "3 million tonnes of wheat and 2 million", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbc": "33%", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbd": "33% for barley and 7% for oats. A further 6,000 square kilometres", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbe": "90%", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbf": "200 tonnes of pears and 270,000", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45ccf": "1975", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd0": "the 1855 colonial constitution", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd1": "the Parliament of Victoria", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd2": "either an absolute majority", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd3": "the state's law-making body for matters coming under state responsibility. The Victorian Constitution", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce3": "hot winds blowing from nearby semi-deserts", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce4": "32 \u00b0C", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce5": "hot winds blowing from nearby semi-deserts", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce6": "2\u20137 \u00b0C (4\u201313 \u00b0F) warmer than around Melbourne (see chart). Victoria's highest maximum temperature since World War II", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce7": "Hopetoun on 7 February 2009", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d01": "Nossal High School and Suzanne Cory High School", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d02": "Roman Catholic Church", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d03": "extra costs are levied. Private fee-paying schools include parish schools run by the Roman Catholic Church and independent schools", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d04": "Roman Catholic Church", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d05": "Jewish and Islamic primary and secondary schools. Private schools also receive some public funding. All schools must comply with government-set curriculum standards", "570d3468b3d812140066d543": "car brands Ford, Toyota and Holden", "570d3468b3d812140066d544": "December of the same year (Ford's Victorian plants\u2014in Broadmeadows and Geelong\u2014will close in October 2016", "570d3468b3d812140066d545": "May 2013", "570d3468b3d812140066d546": "October 2016", "570d3468b3d812140066d547": "car brands Ford", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54d": "2,000", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54e": "1,986 m", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54f": "1,986", "570d35b7b3d812140066d550": "river systems", "570d35b7b3d812140066d551": "helmeted honeyeater", "570d391fb3d812140066d575": "Victorian Alps", "570d391fb3d812140066d576": "coldest part of Victoria", "570d391fb3d812140066d577": "east-west", "570d391fb3d812140066d578": "9 \u00b0C (48 \u00b0F) in winter and below 0 \u00b0C", "570d391fb3d812140066d579": "9 \u00b0C", "570d4030fed7b91900d45d9f": "Victorian Government", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da0": "Great Southern Rail which operates The Overland Melbourne\u2014Adelaide; and NSW TrainLink", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da1": "Victorian Government", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da2": "long distance services on other lines; Pacific National, CFCL Australia", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da3": "electrified, passenger system", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbd": "37", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbe": "37", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbf": "Legislative Assembly", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc0": "Legislative Assembly", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc1": "Daniel Andrews", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd7": "1 July 1851", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd8": "1851", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd9": "Ballarat", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dda": "sevenfold from 76,000 to 540,000", "570d4329fed7b91900d45ddb": "20 million ounces", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fd": "1,548", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fe": "1,548", "570d44abb3d812140066d5ff": "462,000", "570d44abb3d812140066d600": "63,519", "570d44abb3d812140066d601": "Over 61 per cent", "570d4606b3d812140066d619": "Victoria", "570d4606b3d812140066d61a": "3 million", "570d4606b3d812140066d61b": "60%", "570d4606b3d812140066d61c": "60%", "570d4606b3d812140066d61d": "centre of dairy farming in Australia", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62d": "1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) broad gauge", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62e": "1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) broad gauge", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62f": "1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) broad gauge", "570d47b8b3d812140066d630": "mountainous areas", "570d47b8b3d812140066d631": "Two tourist railways operate over 760 mm (2 ft 6 in) narrow gauge lines, which are the remnants of five", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e13": "1788", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e14": "New South Wales and a western half named New Holland", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e15": "New South Wales", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e16": "Sydney", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e31": "1854", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e33": "Eureka Stockade", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e32": "Eureka Stockade", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e34": "the hated mining licence fees", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e35": "Eureka rebellion", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66d": "leader of the political party or coalition", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66e": "Daniel Andrews", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66f": "legislative and political agenda. Cabinet consists of representatives elected to either house of parliament", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d670": "Daniel Andrews", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d671": "legislative and political agenda", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7d": "24%", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7e": "17%", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7f": "463", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e80": "around 136,000 square kilometres (52,500 sq mi) of Victorian land. This comprises more than 60%", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e81": "17%", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bb": "big part in tourism", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bc": "big part in tourism in Victoria, particularly cultural tourism and sports tourism", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bd": "Melbourne", "570d529fb3d812140066d6be": "cultural tourism and sports tourism", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bf": "Port Fairy Folk Festival, Queenscliff Music Festival", "57105da9a58dae1900cd699e": "southern and central parts of France, about one-eighth the number of French Catholics", "57105da9a58dae1900cd699f": "about one-eighth", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a0": "1562 to 1598", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a1": "The wars finally ended with the granting of the Edict of Nantes", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a2": "Catholic hostility grew, in spite of increasingly liberal political concessions and edicts of toleration from the French crown. A series of religious conflicts", "57106185b654c5140001f8db": "derision, Huguenot has unclear origins", "57106185b654c5140001f8dd": "Geneva", "57106185b654c5140001f8dc": "Swiss politician Besan\u00e7on Hug", "57106185b654c5140001f8de": "Huguenot", "57106185b654c5140001f8df": "1560", "57106644b654c5140001f8e5": "Bible", "57106644b654c5140001f8e6": "Around 1294", "57106644b654c5140001f8e7": "Roman Catholic priest", "57106644b654c5140001f8e8": "Around 1294", "57106644b654c5140001f8e9": "Paris", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8ef": "Edict of 1598 granted to the Huguenots", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f0": "Montpellier", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f2": "Edict of 1598", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f1": "1598", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f3": "1598", "571077ecb654c5140001f909": "Cape of Good Hope", "571077ecb654c5140001f90a": "Cape of Good Hope", "571077ecb654c5140001f90b": "Maria de la Queillerie, wife of commander Jan van Riebeeck", "571077ecb654c5140001f90c": "Dutch East India Company", "571077ecb654c5140001f90d": "1688 and 1689 in seven ships as part of the organised migration, but quite a few arrived as late as 1700", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ca": "1628", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cb": "Jess\u00e9 de Forest", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cc": "L'Eglise du Saint-Esprit", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cd": "Nova Scotia", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ce": "Newtown Creek", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69df": "Pons in France", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e1": "Rev. Elie Prioleau", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e2": "Pons in France", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e0": "early years", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69de": "North America", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e8": "the Dutch Republic in 1672. William formed the League of Augsburg", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e9": "King of England", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ea": "League of Augsburg", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69eb": "Calvinist Dutch Republic", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ec": "1672", "57107d73b654c5140001f91d": "Edict of Fontainebleau", "57107d73b654c5140001f91e": "Nantes", "57107d73b654c5140001f91f": "Edict of Fontainebleau", "57107d73b654c5140001f920": "three-quarters eventually were killed or submitted, roughly 500,000", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f2": "Catholic Church", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f3": "the St. Bartholomew's Day", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f4": "5,000 to 30,000", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f5": "attempted", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f6": "the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre when 5,000 to 30,000 were killed, although there were also underlying political reasons", "57108073b654c5140001f927": "1621 and 1629", "57108073b654c5140001f926": "southwestern France", "57108073b654c5140001f928": "Henry IV", "57108073b654c5140001f929": "Louis XIII", "57108073b654c5140001f925": "the Huguenot rebellions", "57108198b654c5140001f937": "one million", "57108198b654c5140001f938": "2%", "57108198b654c5140001f939": "C\u00e9vennes mountain region", "57108198b654c5140001f93a": "Alsace in northeast France and the C\u00e9vennes mountain region", "57108198b654c5140001f93b": "French Australians", "57108c95b654c5140001f979": "21 miles north of New York", "57108c95b654c5140001f97a": "New Rochelle", "57108c95b654c5140001f97b": "New Paltz", "57108c95b654c5140001f97c": "Huguenot Street", "57108c95b654c5140001f97d": "New Paltz", "57108d69b654c5140001f983": "Dutch Republic", "57108d69b654c5140001f984": "75,000", "57108d69b654c5140001f985": "ca. 2 million", "57108d69b654c5140001f986": "Frisia", "57108d69b654c5140001f987": "Edict of Nantes, the Dutch Republic", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1a": "Huguon", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1b": "Huguon, the gate of King Hugo", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1c": "Huguon, the gate of King Hugo", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1d": "derogatory inference of superstitious worship; popular fancy held that Huguon, the gate of King Hugo", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1e": "night", "571090abb654c5140001f995": "Canterbury", "571090abb654c5140001f996": "half-timbered house", "571090abb654c5140001f997": "windows", "571090abb654c5140001f998": "Canterbury", "571090abb654c5140001f999": "half-timbered house", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a41": "Cork City; and D'Olier Street", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a40": "Dublin, Cork", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a42": "Dublin", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a43": "a High Sheriff", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a44": "1696", "57109275b654c5140001f99f": "a brain drain", "57109275b654c5140001f9a0": "a brain drain, as many Huguenots", "57109275b654c5140001f9a1": "Catholics", "57109275b654c5140001f9a2": "religious dissenters. By the time of the French and Indian War (the North American front", "57109275b654c5140001f9a3": "1759-60", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5c": "French throne as Henry IV, and having recanted Protestantism in favour of Roman Catholicism", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5d": "1598", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5e": "the Protestants equality", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5f": "religious and political freedom", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a60": "French throne as Henry IV, and having recanted Protestantism in favour of Roman Catholicism", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a66": "Catholics, and prohibited emigration. It proved disastrous to the Huguenots and costly", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a67": "education", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a68": "Four thousand", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a69": "Catholics and were called \"new converts", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a6a": "New York", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a76": "France", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a77": "1555", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a78": "Fort Coligny", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a79": "1560", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a7a": "freedom from persecution", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a86": "bear", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a87": "Western Cape", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a88": "Western Cape province", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a89": "Huguenot", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a98": "Paul Revere", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a99": "Henry Laurens", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9a": "North America worships in Charleston, South Carolina", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9b": "Episcopal Church", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9c": "Charleston, South Carolina", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab2": "British lace industry", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab3": "Bucks", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab4": "no contemporary documentation", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab5": "first half of the eighteenth century", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b3": "new neighbourhoods: Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b4": "one-fifth", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b5": "protest", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b6": "1806", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b7": "Berlin", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b26": "Norway, Denmark, and Prussia", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b27": "the south. In the early 18th century, a regional group known as the Camisards who were Huguenots rioted against the Catholic Church", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b28": "Camisards", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b29": "the Camisards who were Huguenots rioted against the Catholic Church in the region, burning churches and killing clergy", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b2a": "1702 and 1709", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b30": "Jacksonville", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b31": "Jean Ribault", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b32": "Jean Ribault established the small colony of Fort Caroline on the banks of the St. Johns River", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b33": "French naval attack against the new Spanish colony at St. Augustine", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b34": "September 1565 French naval attack against the new Spanish colony at St. Augustine", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa17": "Charlesfort", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa18": "Southeastern U.S.", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa19": "Pedro Men\u00e9ndez de Avil\u00e9s", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1a": "1562", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1b": "La Florida, and sent Pedro Men\u00e9ndez de Avil\u00e9s", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3a": "Appalachian Mountains into the West of what became Kentucky, Tennessee, Missouri, and other states. In the Manakintown", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3b": "Lower Norfolk County. When they arrived, colonial authorities offered them instead land 20 miles above the falls of the James River", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3c": "Monacan village", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3d": "several hundred", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3e": "12 May 1705", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2b": "1568", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2c": "ots", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2d": "the Spanish Inquisition", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2e": "Gaspard de Coligny", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2f": "Revolt", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b60": "Ireland", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b61": "1708", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b62": "50,000", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b63": "Andrew Lortie", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b64": "articulating their criticism of the Pope", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b72": "William of Orange", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b73": "William of Orange", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b74": "William of Orange", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b75": "Irish linen industry", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b76": "linen industry", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa45": "Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbr\u00fccken", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa46": "Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbr\u00fccken", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa47": "glass-making works", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa48": "1890s", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa49": "1604", "5711119cb654c5140001fae3": "Duchy of Prussia, the Channel Islands, and Ireland", "5711119cb654c5140001fae4": "\u00e9migr\u00e9s", "5711119cb654c5140001fae6": "Protestant European nations such as England", "5711119cb654c5140001fae5": "the Dutch East Indies, the Caribbean, and several of the English colonies of North America, and Quebec", "5711119cb654c5140001fae7": "The bulk of Huguenot \u00e9migr\u00e9s", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcc": "Capet", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcd": "Hugues hypothesis", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bce": "Janet Gray", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcf": "Capet, king of France, who reigned long before the Reformation", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bd0": "double or triple non-French linguistic origins", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd6": "Jacques Lefevre", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd7": "Gallican Roman Catholics", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd8": "1523", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd9": "Jean Cauvin", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bda": "Jean Cauvin", "57111428b654c5140001faff": "24 August", "57111428b654c5140001fb00": "Catholics", "57111428b654c5140001fb01": "3,000", "57111428b654c5140001fb02": "1573", "57111429b654c5140001fb03": "25,000", "571114cfb654c5140001fb09": "Louis XIV", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0a": "convert", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0b": "convert", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0c": "closed Huguenot schools and excluded them from favored professions", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0d": "dragonnades", "5711163bb654c5140001fb13": "twenty-three miles", "5711163bb654c5140001fb14": "England", "5711163bb654c5140001fb15": "Eglise du St", "5711163bb654c5140001fb16": "La Rochelle", "5711163bb654c5140001fb17": "Bauffet", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c00": "married", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c01": "married", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c02": "North America", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c03": "many families continued to use French first names and surnames for their children well into the nineteenth century", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c04": "Eleutherian gunpowder mills", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0a": "Pierre Bayle", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0b": "Rotterdam", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0c": "Historical and Critical Dictionary", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0d": "US Library of Congress", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0e": "Dutch Sint Nicolaas", "57111992b654c5140001fb43": "The French Protestant Church", "57111992b654c5140001fb44": "1550", "57111992b654c5140001fb45": "Soho Square", "57111992b654c5140001fb46": "Soho Square", "57111992b654c5140001fb47": "1724", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3c": "Lutheran and Reformed states in Germany", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3d": "Lutheran and Reformed states in Germany", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3e": "Edict of Potsdam", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3f": "special privileges", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c40": "Around 1685", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c50": "Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c51": "ethnic Huguenot", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c52": "Theodor Fontane, General Hermann von Fran\u00e7ois", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c53": "Thomas de Maizi\u00e8re", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c54": "Federal Minister", "57112686b654c5140001fbd3": "solar power", "57112686b654c5140001fbd4": "Rankine cycle", "57112686b654c5140001fbd5": "this process", "57112686b654c5140001fbd6": "steam", "57112686b654c5140001fbd7": "external combustion engines", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb2": "steam pump, using a piston as proposed by Papin. Newcomen's engine", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb3": "Thomas Newcomen around 1712", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb4": "around 1712", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb5": "Thomas Newcomen around 1712. It was an improvement over Savery's steam pump", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb6": "Papin", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc4": "north-east England", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc5": "21 February 1804", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc6": "Trevithick's unnamed steam locomotive hauled a train along the tramway from the Pen-y-darren ironworks", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc7": "north-east England", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc8": "south Wales", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0e": "Rankine cycle and most practical steam engines", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0f": "multi-stage centrifugal pumps", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d10": "the 1850s", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d11": "steam jet", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d12": "boiler feed water", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d18": "three or four", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d19": "quadruple expansion engines", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1a": "19th century", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1b": "multiple expansion engine", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1c": "Olympic class), but this was ultimately replaced by the virtually vibration-free turbine engine", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d22": "variable cutoff expansion valve riding on the back of the main slide valve", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d23": "Joy and Walschaerts motions", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d24": "lengthening rubbing surfaces", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc1f": "Lead fusible plugs", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc20": "steam escapes", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc21": "steam escapes", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc22": "manually suppress the fire. Except in the smallest of boilers the steam escape has little effect on dampening the fire", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc23": "manually suppress the fire. Except in the smallest of boilers the steam escape has little effect on dampening the fire", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d28": "James Watt", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d29": "continuous rotary motion", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2a": "ten", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2b": "1883", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2c": "Industrial Revolution", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d32": "the following centuries", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d33": "mathematician Hero of Alexandria", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d34": "Greek mathematician Hero of Alexandria", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d35": "Giovanni Branca", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d36": "1551 and by Giovanni Branca in 1629. Jer\u00f3nimo de Ayanz y Beaumont received patents in 1606", "57113f83b654c5140001fc29": "Steam engines", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2a": "expansions", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2b": "Steam engines", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2d": "steam engines", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2c": "Steam engines", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5a": "steam turbines", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5b": "late part of the 19th century", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5c": "several hundred horsepower", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5d": "90%", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5e": "steam turbines", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6e": "burning combustible materials with an appropriate supply of air in a closed space", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6f": "burning combustible materials with an appropriate supply of air in a closed space (called variously combustion chamber", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d70": "toy steam engines", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d71": "heat source can be an electric heating", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d80": "steam engine indicator", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d81": "1851", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d82": "Charles Porter", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d83": "Charles Richard", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d84": "London Exhibition", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8a": "90\u00b0", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8b": "180\u00b0", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8c": "90\u00b0", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3d": "steam reverses its direction of flow at each stroke (counterflow), entering and exhausting from the cylinder by the same port", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3e": "four", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3f": "one rotation of the crank and two piston strokes; the cycle also comprises four", "5711488ab654c5140001fc40": "four", "5711488ab654c5140001fc41": "crank and two piston strokes", "57114aceb654c5140001fc47": "port", "57114aceb654c5140001fc48": "difficulties", "57114aceb654c5140001fc49": "steam flow only in one direction. By this means, the simple-expansion uniflow engine", "57114b1a2419e31400955575": "oscillating cylinder steam engine is a variant of the simple expansion steam engine", "57114b1a2419e31400955576": "oscillates", "57114b1a2419e31400955577": "toys and models, because of their simplicity, but have also been used in full size working engines", "57114b1a2419e31400955578": "toys and models, because of their simplicity, but have also been used in full size working engines", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a53": "Rankine cycle can operate as a closed loop system, where the working fluid is recycled continuously", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a54": "open loop", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a55": "Low boiling hydrocarbons", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a56": "Rankine cycle can operate as a closed loop system, where the working fluid is recycled continuously, or may be an \"open loop", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5b": "about 63%", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5c": "565", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5d": "stainless steel) and condenser temperatures are around 30 \u00b0C. This gives a theoretical Carnot efficiency of about 63%", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5f": "around 30 \u00b0C. This gives a theoretical Carnot efficiency of about 63%", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5e": "565", "57114f0050c2381900b54a65": "Steam engines", "57114f0050c2381900b54a66": "railway locomotives", "57114f0050c2381900b54a67": "tractors", "57114f0050c2381900b54a68": "factories, mills and mines", "57114f0050c2381900b54a69": "propelling transport appliances such as railway locomotives, ships, steamboats and road vehicles. Their use in agriculture led to an increase", "571153422419e3140095557d": "Salamanca by Matthew Murray", "571153422419e3140095557e": "Matthew Murray", "571153422419e3140095557f": "locomotive Salamanca by Matthew Murray", "571153422419e31400955580": "railed rack and pinion Middleton Railway. In 1825 George Stephenson built the Locomotion for the Stockton and Darlington Railway", "571153422419e31400955581": "Locomotion for the Stockton and Darlington Railway", "5711541350c2381900b54a6f": "Arthur Woolf", "5711541350c2381900b54a70": "British engineer", "5711541350c2381900b54a71": "torque variability", "5711541350c2381900b54a72": "derive equal work from lower-pressure steam", "571154c72419e31400955587": "90%", "571154c72419e31400955588": "Turbinia", "571154c72419e31400955589": "Turbinia", "571154c72419e3140095558a": "gas turbines", "571154c72419e3140095558b": "electric generators", "571155ae2419e31400955591": "Rankine cycle is the fundamental thermodynamic underpinning of the steam engine", "571155ae2419e31400955592": "steam engine", "571155ae2419e31400955593": "1990s", "571155ae2419e31400955594": "biomass, coal and nuclear power plants", "571155ae2419e31400955595": "Scottish polymath", "571156152419e3140095559b": "energy efficiency", "571156152419e3140095559f": "25 million", "571156152419e3140095559e": "steam engine's energy efficiency", "571156152419e3140095559d": "one bushel", "571156152419e3140095559c": "bushel", "57115ac550c2381900b54a77": "steam engines", "57115ac550c2381900b54a78": "piston type steam engines", "57115ac550c2381900b54a79": "piston type steam engines", "57115ac550c2381900b54a7a": "electric motors and internal combustion engines gradually resulted in the replacement of reciprocating", "57115b2850c2381900b54a7f": "John Smeaton", "57115b2850c2381900b54a80": "water pump", "57115b2850c2381900b54a81": "1698", "57115b2850c2381900b54a82": "John Smeaton", "57115b2850c2381900b54a83": "John Smeaton", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a89": "Oliver Evans in 1801 introduced engines using high-pressure steam; Trevithick", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8a": "Oliver Evans in 1801 introduced engines using high-pressure steam; Trevithick", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8b": "1802", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8c": "high-pressure steam; Trevithick obtained his high-pressure engine", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8d": "Trevithick", "57115bf350c2381900b54a93": "Energiprojekt AB", "57115bf350c2381900b54a94": "in Sweden", "57115bf350c2381900b54a95": "27-30%", "57115bf350c2381900b54a96": "8.8", "57115bf350c2381900b54a97": "27-30%", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9d": "condensers as a cold sink", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9e": "automobile radiator", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9f": "automobile radiator", "57115c7450c2381900b54aa0": "automobile radiator", "57115c7450c2381900b54aa1": "3600 cubic metres", "57115dbe2419e314009555a5": "James Watt for use on a steam engine", "57115dbe2419e314009555a6": "Boulton", "57115dbe2419e314009555a7": "Boulton", "57115dbe2419e314009555a8": "cotton spinning", "57115dbe2419e314009555a9": "variable steam cut off, good speed control", "57115e532419e314009555af": "1880", "57115e532419e314009555b0": "industrial units", "57115e532419e314009555b1": "loading gauge", "57115e532419e314009555b2": "1930", "57115e532419e314009555b3": "road engines", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa7": "cutoff", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa8": "kick back\"", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa9": "short cutoff at admission adversely affects the exhaust and compression periods which should ideally always be kept fairly constant; if the exhaust event is too brief", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aaa": "fixed length", "57115f652419e314009555b9": "Jer\u00f3nimo de Ayanz y Beaumont", "57115f652419e314009555ba": "Spanish inventor Jer\u00f3nimo de Ayanz y Beaumont obtained the first patent for a steam engine", "57115f652419e314009555bb": "1606", "57115f652419e314009555bc": "1698", "57115f652419e314009555bd": "1698", "57115ff82419e314009555c3": "Steam acts upon these blades, producing rotary motion", "57115ff82419e314009555c4": "rotating discs) mounted on a drive shaft, alternating with a series of stators", "57115ff82419e314009555c5": "Steam acts upon these blades, producing rotary motion", "57115ff82419e314009555c6": "Steam acts upon these blades, producing rotary motion", "57115ff82419e314009555c7": "1800 RPM and 1500", "5711607f2419e314009555cd": "steam plant lower than for internal combustion engines", "5711607f2419e314009555ce": "mobile applications steam has been largely superseded by internal combustion engines or electric motors", "5711607f2419e314009555cf": "steam turbine", "5711607f2419e314009555d0": "Advanced Steam movement", "5711607f2419e314009555d1": "steam turbine plant, so that indirectly the world's industry is still dependent on steam power. Recent concerns about fuel sources and pollution", "571161092419e314009555d7": "Wankel engine in place of the cylinders and valve gear of a conventional reciprocating steam engine", "571161092419e314009555d8": "Wankel engine in place of the cylinders and valve gear of a conventional reciprocating steam engine", "571161092419e314009555d9": "Wankel engine in place of the cylinders and valve gear of a conventional reciprocating steam engine", "5711619950c2381900b54aaf": "1763\u20131775", "5711619950c2381900b54ab0": "coal", "5711619950c2381900b54ab1": "half", "5711619950c2381900b54ab2": "John Smeaton's improved version of Newcomen", "5711619950c2381900b54ab3": "expanding steam", "5711623e50c2381900b54ab9": "two", "5711623e50c2381900b54aba": "plug valve", "5711623e50c2381900b54abb": "adjustable spring-loaded valve", "5711623e50c2381900b54abc": "safety valve uses an adjustable spring-loaded valve", "5711623e50c2381900b54abd": "accidents", "5711628a2419e314009555dd": "Corliss steam engine", "5711628a2419e314009555de": "1849", "5711628a2419e314009555e1": "30%", "5711628a2419e314009555df": "four", "5711628a2419e314009555e0": "Rumford medal", "571163172419e314009555e7": "steam engine were the original concepts of harnessing the power of steam and atmospheric pressure and knowledge of properties of heat and steam", "571163172419e314009555e8": "Watt", "571163172419e314009555e9": "steam engine", "571163172419e314009555ea": "Joseph Black", "571163172419e314009555eb": "steam engine led to the development of the separate condenser. Watt independently discovered latent heat", "5711648850c2381900b54ac3": "over others is that during the compression stage relatively little work is required to drive the pump", "5711648850c2381900b54ac4": "this point", "5711648850c2381900b54ac5": "1% to 3%", "5711648850c2381900b54ac6": "1500", "5711651050c2381900b54acb": "an injector", "5711651050c2381900b54acc": "to recirculate the water and recover the latent heat of vaporisation", "5711651050c2381900b54acd": "steam above its saturated vapour", "5711651050c2381900b54ace": "Mechanical stoker", "5711651050c2381900b54acf": "screw stoking mechanism and its drive engine", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad5": "steam, as feed water", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad6": "British", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad7": "steam turbine", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad8": "the dreadnought battleships", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad9": "1905", "571166352419e314009555f1": "steam that drives a turbine", "571166352419e314009555f2": "steam turbine directly for main propulsion, with generators providing auxiliary power, or else employ turbo-electric transmission", "571166352419e314009555f3": "electrical generator", "571166352419e314009555f4": "Nuclear-powered ships and submarines either use a steam turbine directly for main propulsion, with generators providing auxiliary power, or else employ turbo-electric transmission", "571166352419e314009555f5": "Britain", "5711669550c2381900b54adf": "Rankine cycle is sometimes referred to as a practical Carnot cycle because, when an efficient turbine", "5711669550c2381900b54ae0": "the condenser", "5711669550c2381900b54ae1": "constant pressure) processes", "5711669550c2381900b54ae2": "Rankine cycle and isothermal", "5711669550c2381900b54ae3": "condenser as a liquid not as a gas", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbd": "8", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbe": "mass, oxygen", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc0": "two", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc1": "20.8%", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbf": "Oxygen", "571bb2269499d21900609ca9": "20.8%", "571bb2269499d21900609caa": "Oxygen", "571bb2269499d21900609cab": "8", "571bb2269499d21900609cad": "downward trend, because of fossil-fuel burning", "571bb2269499d21900609cac": "hydrogen and helium", "571c3a685efbb31900334db2": "8", "571c3a685efbb31900334db3": "chalcogen", "571c3a685efbb31900334db4": "oxidizing agent that readily forms compounds (notably oxides", "571c3a685efbb31900334db5": "mass, oxygen", "571c3a685efbb31900334db6": "temperature and pressure", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94a": "photosynthesis", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94b": "photosynthesis, which uses the energy of sunlight", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94c": "high-altitude ozone layer helps protect the biosphere from ultraviolet radiation", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09c": "oxygen", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09d": "mass of living organisms is oxygen as it is a part of water", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09e": "animal shells, teeth, and bone. Most of the mass of living organisms is oxygen as it is a part of water", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09f": "cellular respiration and released by photosynthesis", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c0a0": "fats, contain oxygen, as do the major inorganic compounds that are constituents of animal shells, teeth, and bone", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd5": "Robert Boyle", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd6": "John Mayow", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd7": "nitroaereus", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd8": "17th century", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a6": "Robert Boyle proved that air is necessary for combustion. English chemist John Mayow", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a7": "spiritus nitroaereus or just nitroaereus", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a8": "17th century", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a9": "respiration", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0aa": "John Mayow (1641\u20131679", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a958": "Priestley", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a959": "sunlight", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95b": "glass tube, which liberated a gas he named \"dephlogisticated air", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95a": "mercuric oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b0": "glass tube, which liberated a gas he named \"dephlogisticated air", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b1": "dephlogisticated air", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b2": "1775", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b3": "in the discovery.", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b4": "glass tube", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdd": "Philo", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fde": "Philo of Byzantium", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdf": "2nd century", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fe0": "Philo", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0ba": "2nd century", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bb": "surmised", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bc": "Pneumatica", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bd": "Pneumatica", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0be": "air", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a960": "trigger combustion. Oxygen", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a961": "heat or a spark", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a962": "high oxidative potential, such as peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a963": "oxidant, not the fuel", "571cebc05efbb31900334e49": "trigger combustion", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4a": "oxidant, not the fuel", "571cebc05efbb31900334e48": "oxidants and fuels are brought into close proximity; an ignition event, such as heat or a spark", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4b": "oxidant, not the fuel, but nevertheless the source of most of the chemical energy", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4c": "peroxides", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a968": "Steel pipes and storage vessels used to store and transmit both gaseous and liquid oxygen", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a969": "Steel pipes and storage vessels used to store and transmit both gaseous and liquid oxygen", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96a": "1\u20443", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96b": "Concentrated O\n2", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a0": "Steel pipes and storage vessels used to store and transmit both gaseous and liquid oxygen will act as a fuel", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a1": "Steel pipes and storage vessels used to store and transmit both gaseous and liquid oxygen", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a2": "gaseous and liquid oxygen", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a4": "Apollo 1", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe6": "oxygen compounds", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe7": "trace quantities in the form of carbon dioxide", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe5": "magnesium and iron", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3e": "trace quantities in the form of carbon dioxide (CO\n2). The Earth's crustal rock is composed in large part of oxides of silicon", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3f": "silicates of magnesium and iron", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e40": "The Earth's crustal rock is composed in large part of oxides of silicon", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e41": "silicates of magnesium and iron", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e42": "silicon", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c4": "monatomic", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c5": "simplest atomic ratios", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c6": "HO, giving the atomic mass of oxygen", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c7": "atomic mass of oxygen as 8 times that of hydrogen", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c8": "Avogadro's law", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0ce": "coal", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0cf": "wood or coal, were thought to be made mostly of phlogiston; whereas non-combustible substances that corrode, such as iron", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d0": "lighter", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d1": "metals", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d2": "lighter", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d8": "reasonably", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d9": "covalent double bond that results from the filling of molecular orbitals", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0da": "Aufbau, filling of orbitals", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0db": "\u03c0 and \u03c0* orbitals", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0dc": "filling of molecular orbitals", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e2": "1773", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e3": "1774", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e4": "oxygen", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e5": "Priestley is often given priority because his work was published first. The name oxygen was coined in 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e6": "oxygen", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ec": "electron configuration with two unpaired electrons as found in dioxygen", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ed": "triplet oxygen", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ee": "organic molecules", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ef": "\u03c3 and \u03c0 overlaps", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0f0": "\u03c0* orbitals", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f6": "part of the trapped air", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f7": "weight", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f8": "increased in weight", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f9": "1777", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0fa": "Gk. \u1f04\u03b6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c100": "Trioxygen", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c101": "Trioxygen", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c102": "oxygen", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c103": "protective radiation shield", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c104": "UV region of the spectrum, the ozone layer of the upper atmosphere", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10a": "dioxygen, O\n2", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10b": "dioxygen", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10c": "dioxygen, O\n2", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10d": "dioxygen, O\n2", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10e": "complex forms of life, such as animals, in cellular respiration", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c114": "James Dewar was able to produce enough liquid oxygen", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c115": "1891", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c116": "1895", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c118": "oxyacetylene welding", "571c96095efbb31900334dbc": "Oxygen", "571c96095efbb31900334dbd": "oxygen", "571c96095efbb31900334dbe": "about 4.95 mL per liter. At 5 \u00b0C the solubility increases to 9.0 mL (50%", "571c96095efbb31900334dbf": "nitrogen", "571c96095efbb31900334dc0": "about 4.95 mL per liter. At 5 \u00b0C the solubility increases to 9.0 mL (50%", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11e": "the Earth's biosphere, air, sea and land", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11f": "third most abundant chemical element", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c120": "About 0.9%", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c121": "88.8%", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c122": "high concentration of oxygen gas in its atmosphere: Mars", "571caac55efbb31900334dc6": "19th century", "571caac55efbb31900334dc7": "compressing and cooling it. Using a cascade method", "571caac55efbb31900334dc8": "Louis Paul Cai", "571caac55efbb31900334dc9": "sulfur dioxide", "571caac55efbb31900334dca": "March 29, 1883", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd0": "coalescence of dust grains that formed the Earth", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd1": "oxygen-16 than does the Earth. The measurement implies that an unknown process depleted oxygen-16", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd2": "Planetary geologists have measured different abundances of oxygen isotopes in samples from the Earth, the Moon, Mars, and meteorites", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd3": "depleted oxygen-16", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd4": "the Sun", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c128": "Singlet oxygen is a name given to several higher-energy species of molecular O\n2", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c129": "molecular O\n2 in which all the electron spins are paired. It is much more reactive towards common organic molecules", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12a": "photosynthesis", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12b": "photosynthesis", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12c": "molecular O\n2", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c132": "Paleoclimatologists measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c133": "measure the ratio of oxygen-18", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c134": "12%", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c135": "Paleoclimatologists measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c136": "warmer", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13c": "687 and 760 nm", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13d": "vegetation canopies in those bands to characterize plant health status from a satellite platform", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13e": "vegetation canopies in those bands to characterize plant health status from a satellite platform", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13f": "remote sensing scientists have proposed using the measurement of the radiance", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c140": "remote", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c146": "paramagnetic", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c147": "liquid oxygen", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c148": "negative exchange energy between neighboring O\n2 molecules. Liquid oxygen", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c149": "Liquid oxygen", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c14a": "Liquid oxygen", "571cc5c45efbb31900334dda": "immune system of higher organisms create peroxide, superoxide, and singlet oxygen to destroy invading microbes", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddb": "higher organisms create peroxide, superoxide, and singlet oxygen to destroy invading microbes", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddc": "singlet oxygen to destroy invading microbes. Reactive oxygen species also play an important role in the hypersensitive", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddd": "obligately", "571cc5c45efbb31900334dde": "2.5 billion years ago", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de4": "90.20", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de5": "High-purity liquid O\n2", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de6": "nitrogen", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de7": "nitrogen", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de8": "condenses", "571cc8815efbb31900334dee": "the world's water bodies", "571cc8815efbb31900334def": "lower temperatures", "571cc8815efbb31900334df0": "much higher density of life due to their higher oxygen content. Water polluted with plant nutrients such as nitrates or phosphates may stimulate growth of algae", "571cc8815efbb31900334df2": "algae", "571cc8815efbb31900334df1": "assess this aspect of water quality by measuring the water's biochemical oxygen demand, or the amount of O\n2", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c150": "3.5 billion years ago", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c151": "Paleoproterozoic", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c152": "dissolved iron in the oceans to form banded iron formations. When such oxygen sinks became saturated", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c153": "1.7 billion", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c154": "When such oxygen sinks became saturated, free oxygen began to outgas from the oceans 3\u20132.7 billion years ago", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15a": "unusually high concentration of oxygen gas", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15b": "photosynthesis", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15c": "three", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15d": "photosynthesis", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15e": "respiration and decay", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df8": "swing", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df9": "90%", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfa": "nitrogen gas", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfb": "nitrogen gas is released from the other nitrogen-saturated zeolite bed, by reducing the chamber operating pressure and diverting part of the oxygen gas", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfc": "90%", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c164": "acidified water", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c165": "acid", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c166": "gas", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c167": "H2O", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c168": "Chemical catalysts can be used as well, such as in chemical oxygen generators or oxygen candles", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16e": "recreational", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16f": "aerobic exercise", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c170": "pharmacological effect is doubtful; a placebo effect is a more likely explanation. Available studies support a performance boost from enriched O\n2 mixtures", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c172": "aerobic exercise", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c171": "pharmacological effect is doubtful; a placebo effect is a more likely explanation. Available studies support a performance boost from enriched O\n2 mixtures", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e03": "medical staff. Carbon monoxide poisoning, gas gangrene, and decompression sickness", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e04": "2", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e05": "anaerobic bacteria", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e06": "bubbles of inert gas, mostly nitrogen and helium", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17b": "Oxygen therapy", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17a": "secondary effect of decreasing resistance to blood flow", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c179": "easing work load on the heart. Oxygen therapy", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c178": "respiration", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17c": "secondary effect of decreasing resistance to blood flow", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c182": "electronegativity, oxygen forms chemical bonds with almost all other elements to give corresponding oxides", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c183": "electronegativity, oxygen forms chemical bonds", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c184": "FeO (w\u00fcstite) is written as Fe\n1 \u2212 xO", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c185": "electronegativity, oxygen forms chemical bonds", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c186": "passivates", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18d": "cabin depressurization", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18e": "Sudden cabin pressure loss activates chemical oxygen generators", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18f": "Sudden cabin pressure", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c190": "sodium chlorate inside the canister. A steady stream of oxygen gas", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c196": "high pressure oxygen tanks, cryogenics and chemical compounds", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c198": "high pressure oxygen tanks, cryogenics and chemical compounds. For reasons of economy, oxygen is often transported in bulk as a liquid", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c197": "smaller cylinders containing the compressed gas", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c199": "compressed gas", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c19a": "oxy-fuel welding", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0c": "ethers", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0d": "organic", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0e": "oxygen", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0f": "carboxylic acids", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e10": "organic", "571cde695efbb31900334e16": "almost all biomolecules", "571cde695efbb31900334e17": "no oxygen. Of the organic compounds with biological relevance, carbohydrates", "571cde695efbb31900334e18": "carbohydrates", "571cde695efbb31900334e19": "amino acids", "571cde695efbb31900334e1a": "pyrimidines of RNA and DNA", "571ce3745efbb31900334e20": "Acute oxygen toxicity (causing seizures", "571ce3745efbb31900334e21": "O\n2 partial pressure more than 60 kPa can eventually lead to permanent pulmonary fibrosis", "571ce3745efbb31900334e22": "160 kPa", "571ce3745efbb31900334e23": "Acute oxygen toxicity (causing seizures", "571ce3745efbb31900334e24": "seizures", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2a": "pure O\n2", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2b": "O\n2", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2c": "about 30 kPa", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2e": "low", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2d": "Breathing pure O\n2", "571ce6655efbb31900334e34": "more than 50 kilopascals (kPa), equal to about 50% oxygen composition at standard pressure or 2.5 times", "571ce6655efbb31900334e35": "partial pressures", "571ce6655efbb31900334e36": "kPa", "571ce6655efbb31900334e37": "j] Oxygen toxicity usually begins to occur at partial pressures more than 50 kilopascals (kPa", "571ce6655efbb31900334e38": "30%\u201350%", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952d": "October 1973", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952e": "$3 per barrel", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952f": "1973", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89530": "second oil shock", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89531": "OPEC plus Egypt and Syria", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd28": "to avoid being targeted by the boycott", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd29": "multilateral negotiations", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2a": "January 18, 1974", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2b": "March 1974", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4a": "August 15, 1971", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4b": "pegged to the dollar", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4c": "Because oil was priced in dollars, oil producers' real income decreased.", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4d": "August 15, 1971", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4e": "real income decreased", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd3": "dollar price of oil had risen by less than two percent", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd4": "1971", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd5": "1973", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd6": "dollar", "5725bad5271a42140099d0bd": "October 6, 1973", "5725bad5271a42140099d0be": "Iran was the world's second-largest oil exporter", "5725bad5271a42140099d0bf": "ten", "5725bad5271a42140099d0c0": "Iran was the world's second-largest oil exporter", "5725bad5271a42140099d0c1": "\"", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0eb": "triggered a collective OPEC response", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ec": "October 16, 1973", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ed": "to the embargo", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ee": "70%", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ef": "hostile country", "57261dab38643c19005ad037": "over 100 billion dollars", "57261dab38643c19005ad038": "Wahhabism, throughout the world, via religious charities such al-Haramain Foundation", "57261dab38643c19005ad039": "Middle East", "57261dab38643c19005ad03a": "higher oil prices and lower prices for their own export commodities, amid shrinking", "57261dab38643c19005ad03b": "Wahhabism", "57261f9f271a42140099d4a9": "price disruptions", "57261f9f271a42140099d4aa": "the USSR", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ab": "1973", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ac": "Kissinger", "5726241189a1e219009ac2de": "The embargo", "5726241189a1e219009ac2df": "international level, the price increases changed competitive positions in many industries", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e0": "both inflationary and deflationary impacts", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e1": "U.S. energy security", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e2": "ten years", "5726487b5951b619008f6edd": "UK and France", "5726487b5951b619008f6ede": "airfields and embargoed arms", "5726487b5951b619008f6edf": "Europe", "5726487b5951b619008f6ee0": "Ted Heath", "5726487b5951b619008f6ee1": "Ted Heath", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db36": "UK", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db37": "strikes", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db38": "winter of 1973", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db39": "Switzerland and Norway", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db3a": "Sweden", "57264cac708984140094c1b3": "Price controls", "57264cac708984140094c1b4": "to be sold at a higher price to encourage investment. Predictably, old oil was withdrawn from the market, creating greater scarcity", "57264cac708984140094c1b5": "greater scarcity", "57264cac708984140094c1b7": "greater scarcity", "57264d9edd62a815002e80fe": "William E. Simon", "57264d9edd62a815002e80ff": "1973", "57264d9edd62a815002e8100": "Federal Energy Office", "57264d9edd62a815002e8101": "20%", "57264efddd62a815002e8134": "55 mph", "57264efddd62a815002e8135": "Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act", "57264efddd62a815002e8136": "National Energy Act of 1978.[citation needed] On November 28, 1995, Bill Clinton", "57264efddd62a815002e8137": "November 28, 1995", "57264efddd62a815002e8138": "1978", "572650325951b619008f6fa9": "The energy crisis", "572650325951b619008f6faa": "single-shot solutions that ignore market", "572650325951b619008f6fab": "congresses and presidents", "57265200708984140094c237": "Saudi Arabia and Kuwait", "57265200708984140094c238": "Saudi Arabia and Kuwait", "57265200708984140094c239": "10 years", "57265200708984140094c23a": "James Schlesinger", "57265360dd62a815002e819a": "Japan", "57265360dd62a815002e819b": "71%", "57265360dd62a815002e819c": "nonfriendly", "57265360dd62a815002e819d": "November 22", "57265360dd62a815002e819e": "December 25", "57265526708984140094c2bd": "USSR's invasion of Afghanistan", "57265526708984140094c2be": "Saudi Arabia and Iran", "57265526708984140094c2bf": "Saudi Arabia and Iran", "57265526708984140094c2c0": "January 1979", "57265526708984140094c2c1": "November 1979", "5726581fdd62a815002e823a": "large cars. Japanese imports", "5726581fdd62a815002e823b": "American V8", "5726581fdd62a815002e823c": "six cylinder engines", "5726581fdd62a815002e823d": "Japanese imports", "572659535951b619008f703f": "1973", "572659535951b619008f7040": "Toyota Corona Mark II", "572659535951b619008f7041": "Toyota Cressida, the Mazda 616 and Datsun 810", "572659535951b619008f7042": "oil crisis, Honda, Toyota and Nissan, affected by the 1981 voluntary export restraints, opened US assembly plants", "57265a58dd62a815002e8270": "Toyota Hilux and the Datsun Truck", "57265a58dd62a815002e8271": "Dodge D-50 a few years after the oil crisis", "57265a58dd62a815002e8272": "Dodge D-50 a few years after the oil crisis. Mazda", "57265a58dd62a815002e8273": "Dodge Dakota and the Chevrolet S10/GMC S-15", "57265bdfdd62a815002e829e": "forced General Motors, Ford and Chrysler", "57265bdfdd62a815002e829f": "four", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a0": "1985, the average American vehicle moved 17.4 miles per gallon, compared to 13.5 in 1970", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a1": "Chevrolet Bel Air", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a2": "Dodge Omni / Plymouth Horizon", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b8": "1979", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b9": "1981", "57265ceddd62a815002e82ba": "downs", "57265e11708984140094c3bb": "1981", "57265e11708984140094c3bc": "1979 energy crisis at nearly $40 per barrel, decreased during the 1980s", "57265e11708984140094c3bd": "trying to recover market share, increased production, pushing prices down", "57265e11708984140094c3be": "$40 per barrel", "5725b41838643c19005acb7f": "Project Apollo", "5725b41838643c19005acb80": "Project Apollo, was the third United States human spaceflight program", "5725b41838643c19005acb81": "1968", "5725b41838643c19005acb82": "John F. Kennedy", "5725b41838643c19005acb83": "three-man", "5725b56589a1e219009abd20": "1962 to 1966.", "5725b56589a1e219009abd21": "Gemini missions developed some of the space travel techniques that were necessary for the success of the Apollo missions. Apollo used Saturn family rockets", "5725b56589a1e219009abd22": "the Soviet Union", "5725b56589a1e219009abd23": "Skylab", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd40": "1967", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd41": "oxygen tank explosion", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd42": "Budget cuts", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd43": "three of these. Five", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd44": "an oxygen tank explosion", "5725b77889a1e219009abd54": "Apollo 8", "5725b77889a1e219009abd55": "Apollo 17 mission marked the sixth Moon landing and the ninth manned mission beyond low Earth orbit", "5725b77889a1e219009abd56": "842 pounds", "5725b77889a1e219009abd57": "manned missions beyond low Earth orbit", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d453": "one astronaut on a limited Earth orbital mission, Apollo would carry three", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d454": "one astronaut", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d455": "Abe Silverstein", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d457": "lunar landings", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d456": "during the Eisenhower administration in early 1960", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe7": "1960", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe8": "Maxime Faget", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe9": "three", "5725ba5038643c19005acbea": "Hugh L. Dryden", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c7": "John F. Kennedy", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c8": "American", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c9": "the massive financial commitment required by a manned Moon landing", "5725bb34271a42140099d0ca": "James E. Webb requested a 30 percent budget increase for his agency, Kennedy", "5725bb34271a42140099d0cb": "missile gap\" that he and many other senators felt had formed between the Soviets and themselves due to the inaction of President Eisenhower. Beyond military power", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1d": "Yuri Gagarin", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1e": "Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1f": "one day", "5725bc7138643c19005acc20": "refusing to make a commitment", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc31": "one week", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc32": "Lyndon B. Johnson", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc33": "one week", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc34": "to look into the status of America's space program, and into programs that could offer NASA the opportunity to catch up", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a5": "Robert R. Gilruth", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a6": "Langley Research Center", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a7": "Langley Research Center", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a8": "Rice University", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a9": "Florida", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdce": "north of Canaveral", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdcf": "Kurt H. Debus", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd0": "north of Canaveral", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd1": "Kurt H. Debus", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd7": "three", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd8": "Gemini", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd9": "250,000 feet (76 km", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd6": "3.7 million cubic meter", "5725c123271a42140099d131": "George E. Mueller", "5725c123271a42140099d132": "July 23, 1963", "5725c123271a42140099d133": "Robert Seamans", "5725c123271a42140099d134": "Marshall Space Flight Center", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6b": "skilled managers", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6c": "Minuteman", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6d": "Samuel C. Phillips", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6e": "January 1964", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6f": "Apollo Program Director", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe44": "a rendezvous \u2014let alone a docking", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe45": "1961", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe46": "Robert Seamans", "5725c604271a42140099d185": "Nicholas E. Golovin", "5725c604271a42140099d186": "July 1961", "5725c604271a42140099d187": "Seamans' establishment of an ad-hoc committee", "5725c604271a42140099d188": "Joseph Shea", "5725c604271a42140099d189": "Office of Manned Space Flight, Joseph Shea, who became a champion of LOR. The engineers at Marshall Space Flight Center", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d531": "Jerome Wiesner", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d532": "Golovin", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d533": "monitor", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d534": "July 11, 1962", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a1": "Marshall Space Flight Center", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a2": "No, that's no good", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a3": "Lunar Excursion Module", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a4": "Grumman", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d577": "failure of the command ship", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d578": "lifeboat", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d579": "propulsion, electrical power", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d57a": "1964", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c1": "cone-shaped command module", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c2": "Maxime Faget's preliminary Apollo design employed a cone-shaped command module, supported by one of several service modules providing propulsion and electrical power", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c3": "two", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec8": "three", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec9": "conical crew cabin, designed to carry three astronauts from launch to lunar orbit and back to an Earth ocean landing", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abeca": "ablative heat shield", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecb": "conical crew cabin", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecc": "12,250", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1b": "propellants, and a fuel cell power generation system with liquid hydrogen", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1c": "long-distance", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1d": "liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen react", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1e": "51,300", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1f": "scientific instrument package", "5725cda338643c19005acd3f": "North American Aviation", "5725cda338643c19005acd40": "twice", "5725cda338643c19005acd41": "1964", "5725cda338643c19005acd42": "Saturn V launch vehicle for NASA. Because the CSM design was started early before the selection of lunar orbit rendezvous, the service propulsion engine", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0a": "two", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0b": "Not designed to fly through the Earth's atmosphere", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0d": "33,300", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0e": "33,300 pounds (15,100 kg), and allowed surface stays up to around 34 hours", "5725d01989a1e219009abf28": "Wernher von Braun", "5725d01989a1e219009abf29": "the Army to NASA, and made Director of the Marshall Space Flight Center", "5725d01989a1e219009abf2b": "June 11, 1962", "5725d0e3271a42140099d235": "water", "5725d0e3271a42140099d236": "1964 and 1965", "5725d0e3271a42140099d237": "five launches of boilerplate CSMs", "5725d0e3271a42140099d238": "frequency and severity of micrometeorite", "5725d2ef271a42140099d255": "IB", "5725d2ef271a42140099d256": "1,600,000", "5725d2ef271a42140099d257": "third", "5725d2ef271a42140099d258": "40,000 pounds (18,100 kg", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65b": "the Moon.", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65c": "33 feet (10.1 m", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65d": "three", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65e": "burned liquid hydrogen", "5725d51589a1e219009abf6e": "Project Mercury and Gemini veterans, plus", "5725d51589a1e219009abf6f": "three", "5725d51589a1e219009abf70": "Dr. Harrison Schmitt", "5725d51589a1e219009abf71": "Apollo 17", "5725d51589a1e219009abf72": "lunar geology training", "5725d61038643c19005acdd3": "32", "5725d61038643c19005acdd4": "Grissom, White, and Chaffee", "5725d61038643c19005acdd5": "1969", "5725d61038643c19005acdd6": "Apollo 7, Walter M. Schirra, Donn Eisele, and Walter Cunningham", "5725d61038643c19005acdd7": "Apollo 8", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde7": "1966", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde8": "February 26", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde9": "13,900 nautical miles", "5725d6cb38643c19005acdea": "suborbital flights", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf90": "278", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf91": "207/208", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf92": "a clear \"fishbowl", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf93": "fishbowl", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf94": "Commander (CDR) Command Module Pilot", "5725d8a3271a42140099d28f": "Mercury astronaut who became Director of Flight Crew Operations for the Gemini and Apollo programs, selected the first Apollo crew in January 1966, with Grissom", "5725d8a3271a42140099d290": "Gemini and Apollo programs", "5725d8a3271a42140099d291": "1966", "5725d8a3271a42140099d292": "Grissom as Command Pilot, White as Senior Pilot, and rookie Donn F. Eisele", "5725d8a3271a42140099d293": "Apollo crew", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69b": "no new engineering knowledge", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69c": "August 1967", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69d": "205", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69e": "Apollo 1", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ab": "Samuel Phillips", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ac": "tiger team", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ad": "1967", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ae": "George Mueller", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bd": "North American", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6be": "Grissom", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bf": "countdown", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6c0": "North American", "5725dc1638643c19005ace01": "a strange odor", "5725dc1638643c19005ace02": "January 27, 1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace03": "a strange odor in their spacesuits, which delayed the sealing of the hatch", "5725dc1638643c19005ace04": "a strange odor", "5725dc1638643c19005ace05": "Pressure rose high enough", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe2": "Congress", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe3": "workmanship and quality control", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe4": "George Low", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe5": "While the determination of responsibility for the accident was complex", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ed": "nitrogen", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ee": "nitrogen/oxygen mixture instead of pure oxygen before and during launch, and removal of flammable cabin and space suit", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ef": "Block II design already called for replacement of the Block I plug-type hatch", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f0": "fire", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f1": "Block I spacecraft only for unmanned Saturn V flights. Crew members would also exclusively wear modified, fire-resistant Block II", "5725df1838643c19005ace15": "a sequence", "5725df1838643c19005ace16": "lunar landing", "5725df1838643c19005ace17": "unknown how many", "5725e08389a1e219009ac010": "501", "5725e08389a1e219009ac011": "heat shield to survive a trans-lunar reentry was demonstrated by using the Service Module engine", "5725e08389a1e219009ac012": "April 4, 1968", "5725e08389a1e219009ac013": "II engines", "5725e152271a42140099d2cd": "Apollo 5", "5725e152271a42140099d2ce": "37", "5725e152271a42140099d2cf": "George Low", "5725e152271a42140099d2d0": "successfully test-fired and restarted, despite a computer programming error which cut short the first descent stage firing. The ascent engine", "5725e152271a42140099d2d1": "LM engines were successfully test-fired and restarted, despite a computer programming error which cut short the first descent stage firing. The ascent engine", "5725e28f38643c19005ace23": "Apollo 8", "5725e28f38643c19005ace24": "Apollo 8", "5725e28f38643c19005ace25": "Christmas Eve", "5725e28f38643c19005ace26": "the bold step of sending Apollo 8", "5725e28f38643c19005ace27": "D mission", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac038": "Apollo 11 in July 1969 by an all-Gemini", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac039": "July 1969", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03a": "black-and-white", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03b": "Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03c": "July 1969", "5725e44238643c19005ace35": "lunar probe", "5725e44238643c19005ace36": "Surveyor 3 unmanned lunar probe", "5725e44238643c19005ace37": "removed some parts which they returned to Earth", "5725e44238643c19005ace38": "accidentally pointed into the Sun", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d71f": "Lunar Roving Vehicle", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d720": "lunar landing missions through Apollo 20", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d721": "eight", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d722": "15 Saturn Vs were enough for lunar landing missions through Apollo 20. NASA publicized a preliminary list of eight", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d723": "mass of the CSM and LM", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d729": "life boat", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72a": "rookies", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72b": "the oxygen tank was redesigned", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72c": "oxygen tank", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72d": "1970", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac086": "Skylab orbital laboratory", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac087": "shrink", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac088": "Space Shuttle", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac089": "1971", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09e": "measured by radiometric dating techniques", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09f": "4.6 billion years", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a0": "geochemical component called KREEP", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a1": "Genesis Rock, retrieved by astronauts David Scott and James Irwin", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace7f": "high pressure shock waves", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace80": "shock waves", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace81": "high pressure shock waves", "5725ec7538643c19005ace8f": "$20.4 billion, or $109 billion", "5725ec7538643c19005ace90": "15", "5725ec7538643c19005ace91": "$20.4 billion", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb3": "Apollo X", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb4": "Venus fly", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb5": "Venus", "5725ef6838643c19005acece": "February 8, 1974", "5725ef6838643c19005acecf": "The S-IVB orbital workshop", "5725ef6838643c19005aced0": "February 8, 1974", "5725ef6838643c19005aced1": "Telescope Mount, the solar telescope", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0be": "Apollo flights", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0bf": "Apollo 11 mission", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0c0": "unknown", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cc": "Apollo 8", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cd": "Book of Genesis", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0ce": "one-quarter", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cf": "ninth orbit of the Moon", "5725f239271a42140099d35d": "Apollo TV camera", "5725f239271a42140099d35e": "lunar footage that had to be converted for the live television broadcast and stored on magnetic telemetry", "5725f239271a42140099d35f": "a magnetic tape shortage", "5725f239271a42140099d360": "telemetry", "5725f239271a42140099d361": "Stan Lebar, who led the team that designed and built the lunar television camera at Westinghouse Electric Corporation, also worked with Nafzger", "5725f39638643c19005acef7": "Nafzger", "5725f39638643c19005acef8": "random noise and camera shake without destroying historical legitimacy", "5725f39638643c19005acef9": "conservative digital enhancements", "5725f39638643c19005acefa": "Nafzger", "5725f39638643c19005acefb": "black and white, contains conservative digital enhancements", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5c": "secondary law and supplementary law", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5d": "secondary law and supplementary law", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5e": "secondary law and supplementary law", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5f": "supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd60": "secondary law and supplementary law", "5725c28a271a42140099d14d": "secondary law and supplementary law", "5725c28a271a42140099d14e": "direct effect or indirect", "5725c28a271a42140099d14f": "secondary law and supplementary law", "5725c28a271a42140099d150": "three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f0": "secondary law and supplementary law", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f1": "secondary law and supplementary law", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f2": "the European Parliament", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f3": "three", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d1": "the courts", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d2": "the courts", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d3": "European Union law", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d4": "The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d5": "The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d503": "the courts of member states", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d504": "European Union law", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d505": "The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d506": "The European Court of Justice", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890a": "the courts of member states", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890b": "the courts of member states", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890c": "Supplementary sources", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890d": "The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d549": "Commissioners and the board of the European Central Bank", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54a": "Commissioners and the board of the European Central Bank", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54b": "state governments", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54c": "Commissioners and the board of the European Central Bank", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54d": "the European Central Bank", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb4": "The TEU", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb5": "Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon. The TEU specifically excludes certain regions, for example the Faroe Islands", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb6": "Faroe Islands, from the jurisdiction of European Union law", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb7": "unlimited period. The TEU provides that commitments entered into by the member states between themselves before the treaty was signed no longer apply", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb8": "soon as they enter into force, unless stated otherwise, and are generally concluded for an unlimited period", "57268d2ddd62a815002e894e": "founding treaties", "57268d2ddd62a815002e894f": "Gibraltar", "57268d2ddd62a815002e8950": "soon as they enter into force, unless stated otherwise, and are generally concluded for an unlimited period", "57268d2ddd62a815002e8951": "European Union", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bb": "coal and steel", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bc": "Norway", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bd": "1957", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5be": "1979, Spain and Portugal 1985, Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden in 1994", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bf": "Croatia", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b0": "coal and steel", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b1": "1992", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b2": "1986", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b3": "1972", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b4": "2007 and Croatia in 2013", "57264865dd62a815002e8062": "the Nice Treaty, there was an attempt to reform the constitutional law of the European Union", "57264865dd62a815002e8063": "France and the referendum in the Netherlands", "57264865dd62a815002e8064": "substance", "57264865dd62a815002e8065": "referendum in France and the referendum in the Netherlands, the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never came into force", "57264865dd62a815002e8066": "did not completely replace them", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c4": "the constitutional law", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c5": "the constitutional law", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c6": "referendum in France and the referendum in the Netherlands, the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never came into force", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c7": "referendum in France and the referendum in the Netherlands, the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never came into force", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808c": "The European Commission", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808d": "The European Commission", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808e": "The European Commission", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808f": "High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy (currently Federica Mogherini)", "57264a8cdd62a815002e8090": "Commissioner for each of the 28 member states, including the President and the High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy (currently Federica Mogherini", "572691545951b619008f76e1": "the Commission", "572691545951b619008f76e2": "The European Commission", "572691545951b619008f76e3": "no objections", "572691545951b619008f76e4": "Ireland", "572691545951b619008f76e5": "Commissioner", "57264e455951b619008f6f65": "Santer Commission", "57264e455951b619008f6f66": "Edith Cresson", "57264e455951b619008f6f67": "John Dalli", "57264e455951b619008f6f68": "John Dalli", "57264e455951b619008f6f69": "Edith Cresson", "5726926a5951b619008f7709": "1999", "5726926a5951b619008f770a": "Edith Cresson", "5726926a5951b619008f770b": "John Dalli", "5726926a5951b619008f770c": "a culture had developed where few Commissioners had \u2018even the slightest sense of responsibility\u2019. This led to the creation of the European Anti-fraud Office", "5726926a5951b619008f770d": "2012", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbee": "kratia", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbef": "consultation rights", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf0": "five years", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf1": "two-thirds", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf2": "the Commission and Council", "5726938af1498d1400e8e446": "European Parliament", "5726938af1498d1400e8e447": "European Parliament", "5726938af1498d1400e8e448": "1979", "5726938af1498d1400e8e449": "five years", "5726938af1498d1400e8e44a": "kratia", "5726545f708984140094c2a5": "second main legislative body is the Council", "5726545f708984140094c2a6": "Donald Tusk", "5726545f708984140094c2a7": "15", "5726545f708984140094c2a8": "352", "5726545f708984140094c2a9": "15", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1e": "the Council", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1f": "15 defines as providing the 'necessary impetus for its development and shall define the general political directions and priorities'. It meets each six months", "57269424dd62a815002e8a20": "260", "57269424dd62a815002e8a21": "consensus", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fa": "three readings", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fb": "ordinary legislative procedure\" that applies for most EU acts. The essence is there are three readings, starting with a Commission proposal, where the Parliament must vote", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fc": "The essence", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fd": "the Commission", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fe": "unanimity to block Commission amendment. Where the different institutions cannot agree at any stage, a \"Conciliation Committee", "572695285951b619008f774b": "294", "572695285951b619008f774c": "new legislation, TFEU article 294", "572695285951b619008f774d": "the Commission", "572695285951b619008f774e": "Conciliation Committee", "572658435951b619008f7025": "The judicial branch", "572658435951b619008f7026": "CJEU)", "572658435951b619008f7027": "28", "572658435951b619008f7028": "member state courts", "572658435951b619008f7029": "19(3) is to be the ultimate court to interpret questions of EU law. In fact, most EU law", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e484": "played an important role in the development of EU law, by assuming the task of interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e485": "CJEU)", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e486": "EU staff issues, and then a separate Court of Auditors", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e487": "three", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e488": "19(3) is to be the ultimate court to interpret questions of EU law. In fact, most EU law", "57265e455951b619008f70bb": "the Treaty conflicted with national law, and the court", "57265e455951b619008f70bc": "a public health inspection fee under an Italian law", "57265e455951b619008f70bd": "1964", "5726975c708984140094cb1f": "national courts", "5726975c708984140094cb20": "1964", "5726975c708984140094cb21": "national law", "572699db5951b619008f7799": "primacy", "572699db5951b619008f779a": "questions affecting democracy", "572699db5951b619008f779b": "1972", "572699db5951b619008f779d": "ultimate authority of member states, its factual commitment to human rights", "572699db5951b619008f779c": "social state principles", "57269aa65951b619008f77ab": "Both member states and the Commission", "57269aa65951b619008f77ac": "1986", "57269aa65951b619008f77ad": "proportionality", "57269aa65951b619008f77ae": "European Union", "57269bb8708984140094cb95": "Commission v Italy the Court of Justice held that Italy", "57269bb8708984140094cb96": "conditionally and immediately stated that no quantitative restrictions could be placed on trade, without a good justification", "57269bb8708984140094cb97": "quantitative restrictions could be placed on trade, without a good justification, Van Gen", "57269bb8708984140094cb98": "Treaty provisions", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b12": "the Treaties and Regulations", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b13": "4", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b14": "28", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b15": "early 1990s", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e516": "73", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e517": "73", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e518": "10 years", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e519": "K\u00fcc\u00fckdeveci v Swedex GmbH", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e51a": "60 and men at 65", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e534": "national courts", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e535": "Francovich", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e536": "up an insurance fund", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e537": "6 million", "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e550": "European Court of Justice", "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e551": "human rights", "5726a09f708984140094cc39": "When there is a choice between several appropriate measures", "5726a09f708984140094cc3a": "one of the general principles of European Union law", "5726a09f708984140094cc3b": "When there is a choice between several appropriate measures", "5726a14c708984140094cc51": "one of the general principles of European Union law by the European Court of Justice since the 1960s", "5726a14c708984140094cc52": "international law and public law, which predates European Union law", "5726a14c708984140094cc53": "financial obligations", "5726a14c708984140094cc54": "European Union law", "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b86": "constitutional traditions common to the member states", "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b87": "fundamental rights", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9e": "None", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9f": "human rights", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba0": "1950", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba1": "member states should be prevented from violating human rights", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba2": "1999", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59e": "12 December 2007", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59f": "European Union", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a0": "European Union law", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a1": "freedoms and principles", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5ae": "1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5af": "1997", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b0": "1989", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b1": "30", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b2": "40", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd0": "11 of the then 12", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd1": "UK", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd2": "Social Chapter", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd3": "1992", "5726a5525951b619008f78dd": "minor amendments as the Social Chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a5525951b619008f78de": "1997", "5726a5525951b619008f78df": "Social Policy, the 1994 Works Council", "5726a5525951b619008f78e0": "1994", "5726a5525951b619008f78e1": "workforce consultation", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf6": "France, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Germany", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf7": "1951", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf8": "agreement banned cartels", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf9": "Article 65 of the agreement banned cartels and article 66", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bfa": "1957", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e654": "Article 101", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e655": "anti-competitive agreements", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e656": "106 and 107", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e657": "102", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b55": "2007", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b56": "37 establish the principle of free movement of goods in the EU, while articles 45", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b57": "consumer prices", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b58": "free trade, to prioritise other values such as public health, consumer protection, labour rights, fair competition, and environmental improvement", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b59": "European Union articles 28 to 37 establish the principle of free movement", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbe": "democratic society\u2019, against which the free movement of goods had to be balanced", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbf": "Spanish strawberries", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc0": "freedom of association is one of the \u2018fundamental pillars of a democratic society", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc1": "Commission v France French farmer vigilantes were continually sabotaging shipments of Spanish strawberries", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc2": "failing to ban a protest that blocked heavy traffic passing over the A13, Brenner Autobahn", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e8": "36", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e9": "France", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ea": "2009", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8eb": "motorcycles", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ec": "motorcycles or mopeds", "5726ba2c708984140094cf59": "aim", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5a": "a regulatory \"race", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5b": "Konsumentombudsmann", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5c": "Konsumentombudsmann", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e74": "life goals in any country through free movement", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e75": "European Community", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e76": "social security", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e77": "Bhagwan", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e78": "indirect quid pro quo", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea6": "articles 1 to 7", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea7": "Jean-Marc Bosman", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea8": "Gaelic", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea9": "incapacity benefits", "5726bc1add62a815002e8eaa": "14", "5726bcde708984140094cfbf": "\"fundamental\" status of member state nationals by the Court of Justice", "5726bcde708984140094cfc0": "number of social services", "5726bcde708984140094cfc1": "v Austria the Court", "5726bcde708984140094cfc2": "higher education", "5726c002708984140094d073": "European Union", "5726c002708984140094d074": "any object or effect of limiting practitioners from entering the market", "5726c002708984140094d075": "Stuttgart", "5726c002708984140094d076": "freedom of establishment when they exercise \"official authority\"", "5726c002708984140094d077": "Stuttgart", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8a": "2006", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8b": "not even having a crime against shipping toxic waste", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8c": "October 2007", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8d": "2005", "5726c3da708984140094d0d9": "German health clinic", "5726c3da708984140094d0da": "Van Binsbergen v Bestuur van de Bedrijfvereniging voor de Metaalnijverheid", "5726c3da708984140094d0db": "drugs", "5726c3da708984140094d0dc": "cannabis", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac4": "Mail", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac5": "200,000 Danish krone (around \u20ac27,000", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac6": "200,000 Danish krone (around \u20ac27,000", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac7": "creditor protection", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac8": "\u00dcberseering BV v Nordic Construction GmbH", "5725b81b271a42140099d097": "Amazonia", "5725b81b271a42140099d098": "7,000,000 square kilometres (2,700,000 sq mi), of which 5,500,000", "5725b81b271a42140099d099": "13%, Colombia with 10%", "5725b81b271a42140099d09a": "four", "5725b81b271a42140099d09b": "60%", "5728349dff5b5019007d9efe": "Spanish: Selva Amaz\u00f3nica, Amazon\u00eda or usually Amazonia; French: For\u00eat amazonienne", "5728349dff5b5019007d9eff": "moist broadleaf forest", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f00": "South America", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f01": "13%, Colombia with 10%", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f02": "13%, Colombia with 10%", "5729e2316aef0514001550c4": "moist broadleaf forest", "5729e2316aef0514001550c5": "7,000,000", "5729e2316aef0514001550c6": "7,000", "5729e2316aef0514001550c7": "French: For\u00eat amazonienne", "5729e2316aef0514001550c8": "390 billion", "5725be0f271a42140099d117": "tropical rainforest", "5725be0f271a42140099d118": "the tropics", "5725be0f271a42140099d119": "Middle Miocene", "5725be0f271a42140099d11a": "during the Middle Miocene", "5725be0f271a42140099d11b": "the Middle Miocene", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f94": "tropical rainforest", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f95": "45\u00b0", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f96": "Climate fluctuations", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f97": "Miocene", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f98": "expanded again during the Middle Miocene, then retracted", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b5": "Paleogene extinction", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b6": "66\u201334 Mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0. Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b7": "Middle Miocene", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b8": "Paleogene extinction event", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b9": "34 million", "5725c071271a42140099d127": "Purus Arch", "5725c071271a42140099d128": "the Atlantic", "5725c071271a42140099d129": "Andes Mountains rose", "5725c071271a42140099d12a": "10 million years", "5725c071271a42140099d12b": "the Atlantic", "57283d173acd2414000df78f": "mid-Eocene, it is believed that the drainage basin of the Amazon was split along the middle of the continent", "57283d173acd2414000df790": "Pacific", "57283d173acd2414000df791": "Pacific", "57283d173acd2414000df792": "the west water", "57283d173acd2414000df793": "Amazonas Basin", "5729e6313f37b319004785a9": "mid-Eocene", "5729e6313f37b319004785aa": "Purus Arch", "5729e6313f37b319004785ab": "along the middle of the continent by the Purus Arch. Water on the eastern side flowed toward the Atlantic", "5729e6313f37b319004785ac": "Pacific", "5729e6313f37b319004785ad": "Andes Mountains rose", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50b": "Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall in the basin during the LGM was lower than for the present", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50c": "Amazon basin paleolakes", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50d": "small, isolated refugia separated by open forest and grassland", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50e": "difficult", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50f": "reasonably well supported by the available data", "572841772ca10214002da1a6": "21,000", "572841772ca10214002da1a7": "significant changes", "572841772ca10214002da1a8": "sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes", "572841772ca10214002da1a9": "sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa779": "21,000", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77a": "sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77b": "moist tropical vegetation", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77c": "open forest", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77d": "the practical limitations", "5725c63438643c19005acc9f": "CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust", "5725c63438643c19005acca0": "132 million", "5725c63438643c19005acca1": "1,600 miles", "5725c63438643c19005acca2": "the Atlantic", "5725c63438643c19005acca3": "27.7 million tons (15%) of dust fall over the Amazon basin, 132 million tons of dust remain in the air, 43 million", "5728455bff5b5019007da078": "CALIPSO satellite", "5728455bff5b5019007da079": "132 million", "5728455bff5b5019007da07a": "132 million", "5728455bff5b5019007da07b": "132 million", "5728455bff5b5019007da07c": "132 million", "5729ea263f37b319004785bd": "CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara", "5729ea263f37b319004785be": "CALIPSO", "5729ea263f37b319004785bf": "132 million", "5729ea263f37b319004785c0": "1,600 miles", "5729ea263f37b319004785c1": "132 million", "5725c95f38643c19005accf3": "Archeologist Betty Meggers was a prominent proponent of this idea, as described in her book Amazonia: Man and Culture in a Counterfeit Paradise", "5725c95f38643c19005accf4": "0.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (0.52/sq mi) is the maximum that can be sustained in the rainforest through hunting", "5725c95f38643c19005accf5": "agriculture", "5725c95f38643c19005accf6": "anthropological", "5725c95f38643c19005accf7": "5 million", "572847dd4b864d19001648bc": "0.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (0.52/sq mi) is the maximum that can be sustained in the rainforest through hunting", "572847dd4b864d19001648bd": "Betty Meggers", "572847dd4b864d19001648be": "0.2", "572847dd4b864d19001648bf": "book Amazonia", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6c9": "Betty Meggers", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6ca": "Archeologist Betty Meggers", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cb": "2 inhabitants per square kilometre (0.52/sq mi) is the maximum that can be sustained in the rainforest through hunting", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cc": "5 million", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cd": "200,000", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed2": "Francisco de Orellana", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed3": "1540s", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed4": "spread of diseases from Europe, such as smallpox", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed5": "0\u20131250", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed6": "1977", "5729edd56aef051400155112": "Francisco de Orellana", "5729edd56aef051400155113": "1977", "5729edd56aef051400155114": "AD 0\u20131250", "5729edd56aef051400155115": "Alceu Ranzi", "5729edd56aef051400155116": "11", "5725cf3238643c19005acd61": "black earth", "5725cf3238643c19005acd62": "large", "5725cf3238643c19005acd63": "agriculture and silviculture", "5725cf3238643c19005acd64": "Xingu", "5725cf3238643c19005acd65": "Michael Heckenberger", "5729ef266aef05140015511c": "preta (black earth", "5729ef266aef05140015511d": "fertile soil allowed agriculture and silviculture", "5729ef266aef05140015511e": "Xingu tribe", "5729ef266aef05140015511f": "Michael Heckenberger", "5729ef266aef051400155120": "Amazon forest, is now widely accepted as a product of indigenous soil management", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61b": "2.5 million", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61c": "five", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61d": "2.5 million", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61e": "2.5 million", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61f": "2.5 million", "5729f0db6aef051400155126": "2.5 million", "5729f0db6aef051400155127": "428", "5729f0db6aef051400155128": "2.5 million", "5729f0db6aef051400155129": "378", "5729f0db6aef05140015512a": "2.5 million", "5726722bdd62a815002e8528": "1,100 tree species. A study in 1999 found one square kilometer", "5726722bdd62a815002e8529": "1,100", "5726722bdd62a815002e852a": "438,000", "5726722bdd62a815002e852b": "356", "5726722bdd62a815002e852c": "438,000", "5729f2646aef051400155130": "356", "5729f2646aef051400155131": "1,100 tree species. A study in 1999 found one square kilometer", "5729f2646aef051400155132": "one square kilometer", "5729f2646aef051400155133": "356", "5729f2646aef051400155134": "438,000", "5729f3831d0469140077967b": "piranha", "5729f3831d0469140077967c": "black caiman", "5729f3831d0469140077967d": "piranha", "5729f3831d0469140077967e": "piranha", "5729f3831d0469140077967f": "bats", "5729fd56af94a219006aa72f": "Deforestation", "5729fd56af94a219006aa730": "the forest's interior", "5729fd56af94a219006aa731": "slash and burn", "5729fd56af94a219006aa732": "manage their fields", "5729fd56af94a219006aa733": "naked eye", "5729feaf6aef051400155188": "Seventy percent", "5729feaf6aef051400155189": "Seventy percent", "5729feaf6aef05140015518a": "livestock pasture", "5729feaf6aef05140015518b": "second-largest global producer of soybeans after the United States", "5729feaf6aef05140015518c": "Seventy percent", "572a005f1d046914007796b7": "soy farmers have been used to justify many of the controversial transportation projects that are currently developing in the Amazon. The first two highways", "572a005f1d046914007796b8": "increased settlement and deforestation", "572a005f1d046914007796b9": "392 km2 or 8,646 sq mi per year) was 18%", "572a005f1d046914007796bb": "18%", "572a005f1d046914007796ba": "18%", "572a020f6aef051400155198": "loss of biodiversity", "572a020f6aef051400155199": "destruction of the forest", "572a020f6aef05140015519a": "loss of biodiversity that will result from destruction of the forest", "572a020f6aef05140015519b": "10%", "572a020f6aef05140015519c": "1.1 \u00d7 1011 metric tonnes of carbon. Amazonian forests are estimated to have accumulated 0.62 \u00b1 0.37", "572a03a06aef0514001551aa": "reduced rainfall", "572a03a06aef0514001551ab": "increased temperatures, leading to an almost complete loss of rainforest", "572a03a06aef0514001551ac": "2100", "572a03a06aef0514001551ad": "that the rainforest could be threatened though the 21st century", "572a03a06aef0514001551ae": "reduced rainfall", "572a064a3f37b3190047865d": "orestation and ecocide", "572a064a3f37b3190047865e": "ethno-biology", "572a064a3f37b3190047865f": "orestation and ecocide", "572a064a3f37b31900478660": "indigenous peoples' rainforest communities", "572a064a3f37b31900478661": "peoples' rainforest communities", "572a07c11d046914007796d5": "GPS devices", "572a07c11d046914007796d6": "Google Earth", "572a07c11d046914007796d7": "southern Suriname", "572a07c11d046914007796d8": "handheld GPS devices and programs", "572a07c11d046914007796d9": "to protect their tribal lands from commercial interests", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75b": "tree growth stages within different parts of the forest", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75c": "tree growth stages", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75d": "Kuplich", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75e": "2006", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75f": "Synthetic aperture radar", "572a0b101d046914007796e9": "2005", "572a0b101d046914007796eb": "Amazonian Research", "572a0b101d046914007796ec": "this drought response, coupled with the effects of deforestation", "572a0b101d046914007796ed": "orestation", "572a0b101d046914007796ea": "the Brazilian National Institute", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa76f": "2010", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa770": "1,160,000 square miles (3,000,000 km2) of rainforest, compared to 734,000", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa771": "three", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa772": "2010", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa773": "1.5 gigatons", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe1": "comb jellies", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe2": "cnidarians in one phylum, Coelenterata", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe3": "millimeters to 1.5 m (4 ft 11", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf2": "cnidarians in one phylum, Coelenterata", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf3": "combs", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf4": "comb jellies", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf5": "1.5 m (4 ft 11", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf6": "combs", "57263eaa38643c19005ad371": "comb jellies", "57263eaa38643c19005ad372": "1.5 m (4 ft 11", "57263eaa38643c19005ad373": "flow", "57263eaa38643c19005ad374": "cnidarians in one phylum, Coelenterata, as both groups rely on water flow", "57263eaa38643c19005ad375": "cnidarians in one phylum, Coelenterata", "5725bae289a1e219009abd90": "ten times their own weight in a day. Only 100\u2013150", "5725bae289a1e219009abd91": "150", "5725bae289a1e219009abd92": "25", "5725c337271a42140099d163": "150", "5725c337271a42140099d164": "tentilla (\"little tentacles", "5725c337271a42140099d165": "ten times their own weight in a day. Only 100\u2013150", "5725c337271a42140099d166": "deep-sea platyctenids, in which the adults of most species lack combs, and the coastal beroids, which lack tentacles", "5725c337271a42140099d167": "ctenophores", "5726400589a1e219009ac5ee": "ten times their own weight in a day. Only 100\u2013150", "5726400589a1e219009ac5ef": "egg-shaped bodies", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f0": "methods", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f1": "salps", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f2": "ten times their own weight in a day. Only 100\u2013150", "5725bc0338643c19005acc11": "adult", "5725bc0338643c19005acc12": "sperm at the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites", "5725bc0338643c19005acc13": "adult size and shape. The combination of hermaphroditism", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5e": "sequential hermaphrodites", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5f": "eggs and sperm", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe60": "fertilize its own egg, not needing a mate. Some are simultaneous hermaphrodites", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe61": "platyctenids", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe62": "sperm mature", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd1": "sequential hermaphrodites", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd2": "sperm", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd3": "sperm at the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd4": "platyctenids", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd5": "roids", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc39": "Mnemiopsis, has accidentally been introduced into the Black Sea", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3a": "Mnemiopsis, has accidentally been introduced into the Black Sea", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3b": "Ctenophores", "5725c69738643c19005accb9": "ctenophores", "5725c69738643c19005accba": "Mnemiopsis, has accidentally been introduced into the Black Sea, where it is blamed for causing fish stocks", "5725c69738643c19005accbb": "Black Sea, where it is blamed for causing fish stocks to collapse by eating both fish larvae", "5725c69738643c19005accbc": "coastal locations", "5726431d271a42140099d7f5": "coastal locations", "5726431d271a42140099d7f6": "copepods, which might otherwise wipe out the phytoplankton (planktonic plants", "5726431d271a42140099d7f7": "Mnemiopsis, has accidentally been introduced into the Black Sea", "5726431d271a42140099d7f8": "fish stocks", "5726431d271a42140099d7f9": "Black Sea", "5725c91e38643c19005acceb": "after the Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction event 66 million years ago", "5725c91e38643c19005accec": "monophyletic", "5725c91e38643c19005acced": "66", "5725c91e38643c19005accee": "ctenophores", "5726449f1125e71900ae1928": "ctenophores", "5726449f1125e71900ae1929": "Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction", "5726449f1125e71900ae192a": "ctenophores", "5726449f1125e71900ae192b": "no tentacles but many more comb-rows than modern forms, have been found in lagerst\u00e4tten as far back as the early Cambrian", "5725cb33271a42140099d1db": "cnidarians", "5725cb33271a42140099d1dc": "colloblasts", "5725cb33271a42140099d1dd": "sponges, about as complex as cnidarians (jellyfish, sea anemones, etc.), and less complex than bilaterians", "5725cb33271a42140099d1de": "Ctenophores form an animal phylum that is more complex than sponges, about as complex as cnidarians", "5725cb33271a42140099d1df": "animal phylum that is more complex", "572646655951b619008f6ebf": "cnidarians", "572646655951b619008f6ec0": "cells bound by inter-cell connections and carpet-like basement membranes; muscles; nervous systems; and some have sensory organs", "572646655951b619008f6ec1": "animal phylum that is more complex", "572646655951b619008f6ec2": "ctenophores and cnidarians", "572646655951b619008f6ec3": "bilaterians", "572647d0708984140094c14b": "mesoglea", "572647d0708984140094c14c": "jelly-like material, which is called the mesoglea", "572647d0708984140094c14d": "cnidarians and ctenophores; more complex animals", "572647d0708984140094c14e": "mesoglea", "572648e8dd62a815002e8076": "eight strips", "572648e8dd62a815002e8077": "locomotion", "572648e8dd62a815002e8078": "ctenes", "572648e8dd62a815002e8079": "comb\" and the Greek suffix -\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db40": "Mnemiopsis. At least two textbooks base their descriptions of ctenophores on the cydippid Pleurobrachia", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db41": "Mnemiopsis. At least two textbooks base their descriptions of ctenophores on the cydippid Pleurobrachia", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db42": "to be tough enough to withstand waves and swirling sediment particles", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db43": "three coastal genera \u2013 Pleurobrachia", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a0": "epithelium", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a1": "bioluminescence", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a2": "pharynx", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a3": "a mouth that can usually be closed by muscles", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a4": "mesoglea", "57264cfa708984140094c1c3": "swimming-plates", "57264cfa708984140094c1c4": "ctenes", "57264cfa708984140094c1c5": "millimeters", "57264cfa708984140094c1c6": "reverse", "57264cfa708984140094c1c7": "2 millimeters (0.079", "57264e66dd62a815002e811a": "uncertain", "57264e66dd62a815002e811b": "mesoglea", "57264e66dd62a815002e811c": "less dense brackish water, the ciliary rosettes in the body cavity", "57264e66dd62a815002e811d": "brackish water", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5e": "aboral organ", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5f": "at the opposite end", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc60": "a transparent dome", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc61": "statocyst", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc62": "balance sensor consisting of a statolith, a solid particle supported on four bundles of cilia, called \"balancers", "57265746dd62a815002e8218": "gooseberry", "57265746dd62a815002e8219": "gooseberry", "57265746dd62a815002e821a": "ctenophores have bodies that are more or less rounded, sometimes nearly spherical", "57265746dd62a815002e821b": "cydippids have bodies that are flattened to various extents", "57265746dd62a815002e821c": "coastal \"sea gooseberry", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcac": "tentilla (\"little tentacles\"), although a few genera have simple tentacles without these sidebranches", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcad": "capture prey", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcae": "a cell type otherwise unknown", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcaf": "three", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcb0": "capturing prey", "572659ea5951b619008f7051": "eight", "572659ea5951b619008f7052": "statocyst a ciliary groove runs out under the dome and then splits to connect with two adjacent comb rows", "572659ea5951b619008f7053": "evenly", "572659ea5951b619008f7054": "statocyst a ciliary groove", "57265aaf5951b619008f706b": "lobes", "57265aaf5951b619008f706c": "four", "57265aaf5951b619008f706d": "four", "57265aaf5951b619008f706e": "direct microscopic prey", "57265aaf5951b619008f706f": "planktonic prey", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd36": "clapping their lobes", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd37": "clapping", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd38": "nerves rather than by water disturbances created by the cilia", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd39": "mechanically coordinated comb rows of cydippids and beroids", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd50": "Nuda", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd51": "Beroida", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd52": "narrow strips of adhesive epithelial cells", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd53": "no feeding appendages", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd54": "no", "57265e97708984140094c3c3": "Cestida (\"belt animals", "57265e97708984140094c3c6": "Venus' girdle", "57265e97708984140094c3c4": "\"belt animals", "57265e97708984140094c3c5": "undulating", "57265e97708984140094c3c7": "tentilla emerging from a groove all along the oral edge", "572681c1dd62a815002e8796": "oval bodies that are flattened in the oral-aboral direction, with a pair of tentilla-bearing tentacles", "572681c1dd62a815002e8797": "muscular \"foot", "572681c1dd62a815002e8798": "comb-rows", "572681c1dd62a815002e8799": "rocks, algae, or the body surfaces of other invertebrates", "572683075951b619008f7513": "via pores", "572683075951b619008f7514": "fertilization and keep the eggs in brood chambers until they hatch", "572683075951b619008f7515": "Almost all species are hermaphrodites", "572683075951b619008f7516": "the parts of the internal canal network", "572683075951b619008f7517": "platyctenids use internal fertilization and keep the eggs in brood chambers until they hatch", "572684365951b619008f753f": "tentacle sheaths", "572684365951b619008f7540": "flat, bottom-dwelling platyctenids, the juveniles behave more like true larvae, as they live among the plankton", "572684365951b619008f7541": "the genus Beroe the juveniles, like the adults, lack tentacles and tentacle sheaths. In most species the juveniles gradually", "572684365951b619008f7542": "flat, bottom-dwelling platyctenids, the juveniles behave more like true larvae", "572684365951b619008f7543": "adults", "572686fc708984140094c8e5": "disturbed, they produce secretions", "572686fc708984140094c8e6": "When some species, including Bathyctena chuni", "572686fc708984140094c8e7": "luminesce", "572686fc708984140094c8e8": "luminesce at much the same wavelengths as their bodies. Juveniles will luminesce more brightly in relation to their body size than adults", "5726887e708984140094c917": "colloblasts", "5726887e708984140094c918": "salps", "5726887e708984140094c919": "too large for them to swallow", "5726887e708984140094c91a": "high population densities at the same place and time because they specialize in different types of prey: Pleurobrachia", "5726887e708984140094c91b": "zooplankton", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33c": "difficult", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33d": "keta", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33e": "organic", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33f": "Red Sea. The larvae of some sea anemones are parasites on ctenophores", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e340": "ctenophores", "57268c01dd62a815002e8912": "Mnemiopsis levels", "57268c01dd62a815002e8913": "the Black Sea and Sea of Azov via the ballast tanks", "57268c01dd62a815002e8915": "introduction", "57268c01dd62a815002e8914": "1991 to 1993", "57268c01dd62a815002e8916": "faster", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39c": "Because of their soft, gelatinous bodies, ctenophores", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39d": "a comb jelly", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39e": "Cambrian", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39f": "Three additional putative species were then found in the Burgess Shale and other Canadian rocks of similar age, about 505 million", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e3a0": "ctenophores", "57268f05dd62a815002e8990": "about 515 million", "57268f05dd62a815002e8991": "Stromatoveris", "57268f05dd62a815002e8992": "Stromatoveris", "57268f05dd62a815002e8993": "cilia", "57268f05dd62a815002e8994": "preceding Ediacaran period", "57269016708984140094ca41": "Bilateria", "57269016708984140094ca42": "Metazoa", "572691bedd62a815002e89dc": "roids", "572691bedd62a815002e89dd": "broadened to include representatives of other phyla, it concluded that cnidarians are probably more closely related to bilaterians", "572691bedd62a815002e89de": "1985", "572691bedd62a815002e89df": "Richard Harbison", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4d": "San Joaquin Valley", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4e": "220 miles", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4f": "ash tree", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd50": "ash tree", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd51": "ash tree", "5725cfd0271a42140099d225": "1872", "5725cfd0271a42140099d226": "worried about flooding", "5725cfd0271a42140099d227": "1885", "5725cfd0271a42140099d228": "47", "5725cfd0271a42140099d229": "Fresno Station", "5725d183271a42140099d23d": "2.7%", "5725d183271a42140099d23e": "Pinedale", "5725d183271a42140099d23f": "Pinedale", "5725d183271a42140099d240": "Pinedale Assembly Center, an interim facility for the relocation of Fresno area Japanese Americans to internment camps. The Fresno Fairgrounds", "5725d183271a42140099d241": "Pinedale Assembly Center", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d639": "BankAmericard", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63a": "BankAmericard", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63b": "revolve a balance", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63c": "1958", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63d": "BankAmericard", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf58": "Bill Aken", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf59": "Bob Gallion", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5a": "Wheeling, West Virginia", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5b": "WWVA Jamboree\" radio and television show", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5c": "Lupe Mayorga", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d687": "three", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d688": "San Joaquin River Parkway. Roeding Park", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d689": "Fresno Chaffee Zoo, and Rotary Storyland and Playland. Kearney Park", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68a": "Shinzen Japanese Gardens", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68b": "Kearney Park", "5725d7e438643c19005acdf9": "1880s and World War II", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfa": "San Joaquin Valley's most beautiful architectural buildings. Among them, the original Fresno County Courthouse (demolished), the Fresno Carnegie Public Library", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfb": "Hughes Hotel", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfc": "the Fresno Water Tower", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b3": "1964", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b4": "Fulton Mall", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b5": "Auguste Renoir", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b6": "the Fulton Mall", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b7": "sidewalks (up to 28' on the east side of the street", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c5": "Kings Canyon Avenue and Clovis Avenue. Although parts of Sunnyside are within the City of Fresno, much of the neighborhood is a \"county island", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c6": "Kings Canyon Avenue", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c7": "the 1970s", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c8": "Fresno", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c9": "William P. Bell", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfea": "the historic Tower Theatre", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfeb": "1939", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfec": "Olive and Wishon Avenues in the heart of the Tower District. (The name of the theater refers to a well-known landmark water tower", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfed": "Olive and Wishon Avenues in the heart of the Tower District. (The name of the theater refers to a well-known landmark water tower", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfee": "half mile north", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d7": "late 1970s", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d8": "the Tower Theatre", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d9": "1978", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2da": "Evita and The Wiz at the theater", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2db": "Evita and The Wiz", "5725e45689a1e219009ac048": "live theater and nightclubs", "5725e45689a1e219009ac049": "hundred feet", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04a": "Tower District", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04b": "the Tower", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04c": "Tower District", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d733": "Bungalow and American Craftsman style homes, Spanish Colonial Revival", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d734": "many Storybook houses", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d735": "tract homes urban sprawl", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d736": "early twentieth century homes, many of which have been restored in recent decades", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0ae": "William Stranahan for the Pacific Improvement Corporation, and was officially platted in 1911. The tract's boundaries were Balch Avenue", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0af": "William Stranahan for the Pacific Improvement Corporation", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b0": "1910", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b1": "267", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b2": "William Stranahan for the Pacific Improvement Corporation", "5725edfe38643c19005ace9f": "Southwest Fresno\"", "5725edfe38643c19005acea0": "41 freeway and south of Nielsen Ave", "5725edfe38643c19005acea1": "41 freeway and south of Nielsen Ave", "5725edfe38643c19005acea2": "41 freeway and south of Nielsen Ave", "5725edfe38643c19005acea3": "Nielsen Ave", "5725f00938643c19005aced7": "20th century entrepreneur", "5725f00938643c19005aced8": "palm trees", "5725f00938643c19005aced9": "Fresno Street and Thorne Ave was at one time the preferred neighborhood for Fresno's elite African-American families. Another section, Brookhaven", "5725f00938643c19005aceda": "Brookhaven", "5725f00938643c19005acedb": "southern edge", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d76f": "1930s or before, the neighborhood is also home to several public housing developments built between the 1960s and 1990s", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d770": "Fresno and B streets", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d771": "Cargill Meat Solutions and Foster Farms", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d772": "Elm", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d773": "little", "5725f2c838643c19005aceed": "Ralph Woodward", "5725f2c838643c19005aceee": "35 km) between Highway 99", "5725f2c838643c19005aceef": "Seven", "5725f2c838643c19005acef0": "22 miles", "5725f2c838643c19005acef1": "2010", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fa": "1946", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fb": "William Smilie", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fc": "Sierra Sky Park", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fd": "certain roads", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fe": "such communities", "5725f5b1271a42140099d371": "moist winters and hot and dry", "5725f5b1271a42140099d372": "July", "5725f5b1271a42140099d373": "46", "5725f5b1271a42140099d374": "Central Valley", "5725f5b1271a42140099d375": "July", "5725f6e138643c19005acf19": "115", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1a": "July 8, 1905", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1b": "1934", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1c": "115", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1d": "2.2 inches", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf23": "245,306", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf24": "245", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf25": "245,306 (49.6%) White, 40,960", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf26": "245,306", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf27": "245,306 (49.6%) White, 40,960", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b1": "68,511 (43.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 69,284", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b2": "43.8%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 30,547 (19.3%", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b3": "30,547 (19.3%) had a female householder with no husband present, 11,698", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b4": "3.62", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b5": "3.07. There were 111,529 families (70.4%", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac128": "97,915", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac129": "149,025", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12a": "8.4%", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12b": "39.9%", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12c": "4,097", "5725fb8138643c19005acf3f": "UHF television stations. The very first Fresno television station to begin broadcasting was KMJ-TV", "5725fb8138643c19005acf40": "KMJ-TV", "5725fb8138643c19005acf41": "June 1, 1953", "5725fb8138643c19005acf42": "NBC affiliate KSEE", "5725fb8138643c19005acf43": "ABC O&O KFSN, CBS affiliate KGPE", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ad": "north/south freeway", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ae": "Sierra Freeway", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3af": "Atascadero in the south, and then heads north to Yosemite. State Route 180", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3b0": "Kings Canyon Freeway", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7dd": "Fresno", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7de": "1950s", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7df": "Route 99", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7e0": "median separation, vertical clearance", "5725ff8238643c19005acf49": "Santa Fe Railroad Depot in Downtown Fresno. The Bakersfield-Stockton mainlines of the Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway and Union Pacific Railroad railroads", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4a": "Fresno", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4b": "railroads", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4c": "railyards within the city; the San Joaquin Valley Railroad also operates former Southern Pacific branchlines", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4d": "Fresno", "5725d34089a1e219009abf50": "Adaptive", "5725d34089a1e219009abf51": "provide a fault-tolerant", "5725d34089a1e219009abf52": "pre-allocation of network bandwidth", "5725d34089a1e219009abf53": "United Kingdom) (NPL", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc2f": "Adaptive", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc30": "Adaptive Message Block Switching with the goal to provide a fault-tolerant", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc31": "Paul Baran", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf78": "networking paradigm", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf79": "unit of connection time", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf7a": "method", "572634a789a1e219009ac56c": "principal networking paradigm", "572634a789a1e219009ac56d": "fee per unit of connection time", "572634a789a1e219009ac56e": "method", "572634a789a1e219009ac56f": "fee per unit of connection time", "5726219489a1e219009ac2ce": "intermediate forwarding nodes", "5726219489a1e219009ac2cf": "intermediate network nodes", "5726219489a1e219009ac2d0": "physical medium (such as radio or 10BASE5), the packets may be delivered according to a multiple access scheme", "5726356938643c19005ad2ff": "intermediate forwarding nodes", "5726356938643c19005ad300": "intermediate network nodes", "5726356938643c19005ad301": "physical medium", "5726249538643c19005ad07f": "adaptive message block switching", "5726249538643c19005ad080": "adaptive message block switching during his research at the RAND Corporation for the US Air Force into survivable communications networks", "5726249538643c19005ad081": "survivable communications networks", "5726249538643c19005ad082": "survivable communications networks", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4a": "RAND report P-2626 in 1962, and finally in report RM 3420", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4c": "adaptive", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc49": "adaptive message block switching", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4b": "adaptive", "572629c6271a42140099d6a3": "routing methodology", "572629c6271a42140099d6a4": "it packet switching", "572629c6271a42140099d6a5": "nationwide network", "572629c6271a42140099d6a6": "ARPANET", "5726378238643c19005ad313": "Donald Davies at the National Physical Laboratory, UK, independently", "5726378238643c19005ad314": "it packet switching", "5726378238643c19005ad315": "Operating System Principles", "5726385e271a42140099d797": "destination address, source", "5726385e271a42140099d798": "complete addressing information. The packets are routed individually, sometimes resulting in different paths", "5726385e271a42140099d799": "a virtual connection, also known as a virtual circuit or byte stream", "5726385e271a42140099d79a": "a virtual connection, also known as a virtual circuit or byte stream", "5726398589a1e219009ac58b": "small, as it only needs to contain this code and any information, such as length, timestamp", "5726398589a1e219009ac58a": "Routing a packet requires the node to look up the connection id in a table", "5726398589a1e219009ac589": "empty", "5726398589a1e219009ac588": "empty", "57263b1638643c19005ad333": "empty", "57263b1638643c19005ad335": "empty", "57263b1638643c19005ad334": "empty", "57263b1638643c19005ad336": "empty", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7b": "empty", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7c": "empty", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7d": "empty", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7e": "empty", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8d": "empty", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8e": "empty", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8f": "empty", 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