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Ross_Dawson | Ross Dawson ( born 1962 ) is an Australian author , futurist , entrepreneur and former stockbroker . Best known for his 2002 book ` Living Networks ' , Dawson founded the futures think tank Future Exploration Network and consults on digital futures to various big organisations such as Ernst & Young , Macquarie Bank , Microsoft and News Corp. . Named by Digital Media magazine as one of the 40 biggest players in Australia 's digital age , Dawson graduated from Bristol University with a B.Sc ( Hons ) and from Macquarie University with a Grad . Dip in Applied Finance . Dawson regularly gives keynote addresses on digital media futures and his ` Future of Media Reports ' have a readership in the tens of thousands . Dawson is married to Sydney jewellery designer Victoria Buckley and the couple have two young daughters . |
Royal_Society_of_Musicians | The Royal Society of Musicians of Great Britain is a charity in the United Kingdom that supports musicians . It is the oldest music-related charity in Great Britain , founded in 1738 as the `` Fund for Decay 'd Musicians '' by a declaration of trust signed by 228 musicians , including Edward Purcell ( eldest son of Henry Purcell ) , Thomas Arne , William Boyce , Johann Christoph Pepusch , Dr. John Worgan , and George Frideric Handel . It still operates a bank account at Drummonds Bank ( now part of Royal Bank of Scotland ) which was opened by its first secretary , Michael Christian Festing , in November 1738 . The Fund received patronage from George III , and it was incorporated by Royal Charter in 1790 . Funds were raised by holding charity concerts , musical dinners , and music festival . Liszt gave his first concert in England for the benefit of the Society in 1824 , aged 12 . It also held performances by Mendelssohn , Moscheles , and Dvořák . Meyerbeer , Liszt , and Clara Schumann all became members . A Society of Female Musicians was formed in 1840 , but merged with the Royal Society in 1866 . In the days before the welfare state , membership of the Royal Society guaranteed a degree of financial security to professional musicians . A second Royal Charter was granted in 1987 , confirming its aims to support to all professional musicians ( not just members ) and their dependents who are in need through illness , disease or old age . |
Rod_Ferrell | Roderrick Justin `` Rod '' Ferrell ( born March 28 , 1980 ) was a member of a loose-knit gang of teenagers from Murray , Kentucky , known as the `` Vampire Clan '' . In 1998 , Ferrell pleaded guilty to the double slaying of a couple from Eustis , Florida , becoming the youngest person in the United States on Death Row . Originally sentenced to death , Ferrell 's penalty has since been reduced to life without parole . Ferrell told people that he was a 500-year-old vampire named Vesago , a character he created for himself after becoming obsessed with the role playing game Vampire : The Masquerade . |
Robb | Robb is a surname of Scottish origin , formed from a diminution ( reduction ) of the name Robert . Robert was a popular name , especially after its use by three Scots Kings in the fourteenth century . Rob is first recorded as a surname in the decades before 1500 with early groupings in Aberdeenshire , Lanarkshire and Perthshire/Stirlingshire . It is likely that the name originated with the offspring of a Robert or Rob , when surnames began to flourish , but unlike some surnames there is no one source for the name . The surname was originally spelled Rob , sometimes Robe , but by 1800 the vast majority of families had added an extra ` b ' , an exception being a wealthy farming family of Perthshire origin that settled in Thirsk , Yorkshire . Although the surname originates in Scotland , Protestant branches of the family settled in Ireland during the sixteenth century Plantations , with the earliest recorded of the name appearing in the 1630s . The Robb of Timpany family originated with one James Robb who in the late seventeenth century was said to have been a chief mason of the King 's Works in Ireland and an assistant of Inigo Jones . A descendant Captain James Robb built Timpany House in 1780 . Another armorial Robb family used the surname Robe , descending from Reverend James Robe of Kilsyth ( 1688 -- 1753 ) , son of Reverend Michael Rob of Cumbernauld ( 1645 -- 1721 ) , although their coat of arms recorded with the Lord Lyon descends from the Hamilton family through marriage . The Robb crest shows a bare arm holding a chapeau surrounded with a laurel wreath . It appears that many Robbs emigrated to the New World from Ireland , rather than Scotland . the surname sometimes became Raab , presumably through the pronunciation , although many Robbs in the New World are originally Raubs of German origin . Amongst many settlers three Jacobite soldiers were transported to America following the Jacobite rising of 1715 , and the first Free Kirk Minister to settle in Canada was the Rev. Ralph Robb ( 1800 -- 50 ) a native of Logie parish near Stirling . The name is often recorded as a sept of the Clan MacFarlane who were based historically on the eastern side of Loch Lomond , but this only stems from an early inclusion of the surname MacRobb , ( which is a Highland surname ) , as a MacFarlane sept. . It is unlikely there was ever a link between the , largely , lowland surname and the highland clan . |
Russian_Constitution_of_1918 | The first constitution of Russia , which governed the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic , described the regime that assumed power in the October Revolution of 1917 . This constitution , which was ratified soon after the Declaration Of Rights Of The Working And Exploited People , formally recognized the working class as the ruling class of Russia according to the principle of the dictatorship of the proletariat , therein making the Russian SFSR the world 's first constitutionally socialist state . The ultimate aims of the state were outlined as : `` the abolition of the exploitation of men by men , the entire abolition of the division of the people into classes , the suppression of exploiters , -LSB- and -RSB- the establishment of a socialist society . '' The constitution stated that an historical alliance had been formed between the workers and peasants , who together would govern the state through the soviets . The constitution explicitly denied political power to higher classes of Russian society or to those who supported the White armies in the Civil War ( 1918 -- 21 ) . To prevent the higher classes from re-claiming state power , the first article called for all workers and peasants to be armed and organized into a Red Army while the higher classes be fully disarmed . Supreme power rested with the All-Russian Congress of Soviets , made up of deputies from local soviets across Russia . The steering committee of the Congress of Soviets -- known as the Central Executive Committee -- acted as the `` supreme organ of power '' between sessions of the congress and as the collective presidency of the state . The congress elected the Council of People 's Commissars ( Sovnarkom , Sovet narodnykh kommissarov ) as the administrative arm of the young government and defined its responsibilities as `` general administration of the affairs of the state '' . ( The Sovnarkom had exercised governmental authority from November 1917 until the adoption of the 1918 constitution July 10 by the Congress of Soviets . ) One of the first Soviet iterations of a perennial biblical phrase appeared in Article 18 , which declares labour to be the duty of all citizens of the Republic , and sloganeers : ` He who does not work , neither shall he eat ! ' Importantly , the 1918 Russian Constitution 's main principles served as a precursor to the ensuing constitutions of both united and autonomous Soviet republics . They were recognized as fundamental to the 1924 Soviet Constitution , which was the formative document of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics . |
Robert_J._Bentley | Robert Julian Bentley ( born February 3 , 1943 ) is an American politician and medical doctor who served as the 53rd Governor of Alabama from 2011 until 2017 . A member of the Republican Party , Bentley was elected Governor in 2010 and reelected in 2014 . Bentley resigned on April 10 , 2017 due to a sex scandal with his political aide Rebekah Mason . Born in Columbiana , Alabama , Bentley earned his M.D. from the University of Alabama School of Medicine in 1968 and then served in the United States Air Force as general medical officer at Pope Air Force Base in Fayetteville , North Carolina from 1969 to 1975 , serving with the rank of a Captain . Upon separation from the military , he entered private practice and opening a series of dermatology clinics throughout the southern United States . Bentley was elected to the Alabama House of Representatives in 2002 and served a total of two four-year terms from 2003 to 2010 . In 2010 , Bentley announced his intentions to run for the Republican nomination for Governor . Bentley won in a seven candidate primary and faced Democrat Ron Sparks , the outgoing Alabama Commissioner of Agriculture , in the general election . Bentley received just over 58 % of the statewide vote and won by a margin of over 230,000 votes -- the largest margin recorded for a Republican in an open-seat race in Alabama history . In 2014 , Bentley won re-election , winning the largest percentage of the vote that any Republican gubernatorial candidate had received in modern Alabama history , 63.6 % . On April 5 , 2016 , Republican State Representative Ed Henry filed an impeachment resolution against Bentley in the State Legislature , in connection with allegations that Bentley engaged in an extramarital affair with a female political adviser . Bentley has admitted to making inappropriate remarks toward the woman , but denied having a physical affair . On July 7 , 2016 , the House Judiciary Committee named a special counsel to lead the investigation into the impeachment charges against the governor . On April 5 , 2017 , the Ethics Commission found probable cause that Bentley violated both ethics and campaign finance laws . Bentley resigned as governor of Alabama on April 10 , 2017 , effective immediately , after pleading guilty to two misdemeanor charges related to campaign finance law . Bentley allegedly used state resources to facilitate and conceal an extramarital affair with a former staffer . As part of the plea deal , he accepted a lifetime ban from ever seeking public office in Alabama again . He was succeeded by Lieutenant Governor Kay Ivey . |
Rock_for_People | Rock for People ( RfP ) is one of the largest open-air summer music festivals in the Czech Republic . The festival began in 1995 in the town Český Brod , and in 2007 it was moved to an unused airport in Hradec Králové . The festival features Czech and international acts from a wide range of genres , but predominantly focused on alternative and guitar-based music , as well as theatre , cycling , discussions , workshops , geocaching , team building activities , games and other recreational activities . Notable acts that have performed at Rock for People include The Prodigy , Muse , Thirty Seconds to Mars , Arctic Monkeys , My Chemical Romance , Pendulum , Morcheeba , Bullet for My Valentine , Kaiser Chiefs , The Offspring , Skunk Anansie , Parkway Drive , The Killers , Beatsteaks , Placebo , Ska-P , Manu Chao , Billy Talent , Basement Jaxx , Sum 41 , Bloc Party , Static-X , The Hives , The Bloodhound Gang , Paramore and Enter Shikari . |
Roland_de_Velville | Sir Roland de Velville ( 1471/4 - 25 June 1535 , also Vielleville , Veleville , or Vieilleville ) is alternatively presented as the clear `` illegitimate issue '' ( son ) of King Henry VII of England by `` a Breton lady whose name is not known '' , or as a favored member of the court of Henry VII and later recipient of beneficences , brought home to England with 28-year-old Henry after his exile in Brittany , an adolescent `` of unknown parentage '' , and so a possible or likely illegitimate son , with formal historical opinion undecided . Peter Beauclerk-Dewar and Roger Powell note that while not having official position or office , de Velville was a courtier and `` favourite of the king , participating in numerous jousts and accompanying the king out hunting . '' He saw military service in Brittany in 1489 , and likely in France with the King in 1492 , was knighted in 1497 after the Battle of Blackheath , and was one of a small group of knights individually rewarded for their efforts by Henry VII . Beauclerk-Dewar and Powell further state that historical records regularly place de Velville at royal tournaments marking significant royal events ( marriages , visits of foreign monarchs ) of the Court of Henry VII , in particular his jousts , from 1494-1507 ; in May 1509 he was appointed to attend Henry VII 's funeral as a knight of the Royal Household , and in June to participate in the royal jousts in celebration of the accession of Henry VIII . Shortly thereafter , he was appointed Constable and Captain of Beaumaris Castle , Anglesey ( Ynys Môn , in Wales ) in 1509 , a position he held until his death . History writer Alison Weir notes `` he married a Welshwoman , and had issue '' -LSB- i.e. , a child or children -RSB- . His wife Agnes ( née Griffith ) , was widow of Robert Dowdyng and daughter in the powerful Welsh family of William ( Gwilym ) Griffith Fychan and so brother to Sir William Griffith , a Chamberlain of North Wales ; Agnes gave him two daughters , Grace and Jane , the latter who , in marriage to Tudor ap Robert Vychan , gave birth to Katherine Tudor , in Welsh Catrin o Ferain ( who is sometimes referred to as `` the mother of Wales '' ) . de Velville died on 25 June 1535 , cause unknown , and was buried in the Chapel of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Beaumaris Castle . |
Rob_Ramsay | Robert James `` Rob '' Ramsay ( born September 2 , 1986 ) is a Canadian actor . Rob is best known for his role as Donnie Schrab in Blue Mountain State , Percy Budnick in Aaron Stone , Barnabis in XIII : The Series and Jay Jay in Nickelodeon 's The Thundermans . |
Ryan_McCartan | Ryan McCartan ( born June 14 , 1993 ) is an American actor and singer . As an actor , he is known for his recurring role as Diggie on the Disney Channel sitcom Liv and Maddie , and for his role as Brad Majors in the 2016 Fox musical television film The Rocky Horror Picture Show : Let 's Do the Time Warp Again . McCartan is also known as one half of the pop duo The Girl and the Dreamcatcher . |
Robert_Downey_Jr. | Robert John Downey Jr. ( born April 4 , 1965 ) is an American actor . His career has included critical and popular success in his youth , followed by a period of substance abuse and legal troubles , and a resurgence of commercial success in middle age . For three consecutive years from 2012 to 2015 , Downey has topped the Forbes list of Hollywood 's highest-paid actors , making an estimated $ 80 million in earnings between June 2014 and June 2015 . Making his acting debut at the age of five , appearing in his father 's film Pound ( 1970 ) , Downey Jr. appeared in roles associated with the Brat Pack , such as the teen sci-fi comedy Weird Science ( 1985 ) and the drama Less Than Zero ( 1987 ) . He starred as the title character in the 1992 film Chaplin , which earned him a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor and won him the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role . After being released in 2000 from the California Substance Abuse Treatment Facility and State Prison where he was on drug charges , Downey joined the cast of the TV series Ally McBeal playing Calista Flockhart 's love interest . This earned him a Golden Globe Award . His character was written out when Downey was fired after two drug arrests in late 2000 and early 2001 . After his last stay in a court-ordered drug treatment program , Downey achieved sobriety . Downey Jr. 's career prospects improved when he featured in the mystery thriller Zodiac ( 2007 ) , and the satirical action comedy Tropic Thunder ( 2008 ) ; for the latter he was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor . Beginning in 2008 , Downey began portraying the role of Marvel Comics superhero Iron Man in the Marvel Cinematic Universe , appearing in several films as either the lead role , member of an ensemble cast , or in a cameo . Each of these films has grossed over $ 500 million at the box office worldwide ; four of theseThe Avengers , Avengers : Age of Ultron , Iron Man 3 and Captain America : Civil Warearned over $ 1 billion . Downey Jr. has also played the title character in Guy Ritchie 's Sherlock Holmes ( 2009 ) and its sequel ( 2011 ) . |
Roger_Kibbe | Roger Reece Kibbe ( born 1941 ) is an American serial killer known as the `` I-5 Strangler '' . Kibbe found all but one of his victims on the freeways around Sacramento , California . On May 10 , 1991 , Kibbe was sentenced to 25 years to life imprisonment for the murder of Darcie Frackenpohl to serve his time at the Pleasant Valley State Prison . In 2003 Kibbe accompanied prosecutors and detectives to a dry creek he remembered to try to find the body of Lou Ellen Burleigh , whom he had discarded in 1977 . In 2007 a detective searched the area again . In 2009 Kibbe again returned to the site with detectives . Burleigh 's body was not found and a Grand Jury was convened . After a plea bargain to avoid the death penalty , on November 5 , 2009 , Kibbe was sentenced to an additional six life sentences , this time for the murders of Lora Heedick , Barbara Ann Scott , Stephanie Brown , Charmaine Sabrah , Katherine Kelly Quinones , and Lou Ellen Burleigh . In 2011 a detective returned to the Burleigh dump site on his own , found a bone in the creek , and DNA testing proved it to be Burleigh 's . Burleigh had left her Walnut Creek , California home in 1977 for a job interview but never returned . Kibbe kidnapped his victims , tied them up and silenced them with duct tape . He then proceeded to cut open their clothes in irregular shapes with scissors that had belonged to his mother . Then , he raped them and strangled them to death . Kibbe also cut off most of the hair of his victims to remove the duct tape before leaving the scene of the crime . |
Roman_amphitheatre | Roman amphitheatres are amphitheatres -- large , circular or oval open-air venues with raised seating -- built by the ancient Romans . They were used for events such as gladiator combats , venationes ( animal slayings ) and executions . About 230 Roman amphitheatres have been found across the area of the Roman Empire . Early amphitheatres date from the republican period , though they became more monumental during the imperial era . Amphitheatres are distinguished from circuses , hippodromes , which were usually rectangular and built mainly for racing events and stadia , built for athletics . But several of these terms have at times been used for one and the same venue . The word amphitheatrum means `` theatre all around '' . Thus an amphitheatre is distinguished from the traditional semicircular Roman theatres by being circular or oval in shape . |
Royal_Fleet_Auxiliary | The Royal Fleet Auxiliary ( RFA ) is a civilian-manned fleet owned by the United Kingdom 's Ministry of Defence , whose purpose is to support the Royal Navy . The RFA enables ships of the Royal Navy to maintain operations around the world . Its primary role is to supply the Royal Navy with fuel , ammunition and supplies , normally by replenishment at sea ( RAS ) . It also transports Army and Royal Marine personnel , as well as supporting training exercises , and engaging in anti-piracy and anti-drug smuggling operations . The RFA counts an Aviation Training ship/Hospital Ship and landing vessels amongst its assets . RFA personnel are members of the Ministry of Defence civil service , and since 2003 , special members of the Royal Naval Reserve deemed sponsored reserves , which are civilians who must be part of the Armed Forces in some capacity , in order to carry out specialist civilian jobs in a military capacity . However the RFA itself is not part of the Naval Service , and officers wear Merchant Navy rank insignia with naval uniforms but are under naval discipline when the vessel is engaged on warlike operations . RFA vessels are commanded and crewed by these civilians , augmented with regular and reserve Royal Navy personnel to perform specialised military functions such as operating and maintaining helicopters or providing hospital facilities . Royal Navy personnel are also needed to operate certain weapons , such as the Phalanx , however other weapons ( such as the GMPG or 20mm cannon ) are operated by RFA personnel . |
Russian_Premier_League | The Russian Football Premier League , or Russian Premier League , is the top division professional association football league in Russia . The competition is administered by the . There are 16 teams in the competition . The league currently has two Champions League places , however , from the 2017 -- 18 season , the league will have three Champions League qualifying spots given to the top three teams at the end of the season and the two Europa League spots will be allocated to the fourth and fifth placed teams . The cup winner qualifies for the UEFA Europa League without play-offs . The last two teams are relegated to the Russian National Football League at the end of the season . The Russian Premier League was established in 2001 and succeeded the Top Division . The Top Division was run by the Professional Football League of Russia . Creation of the Premier League is considered to give the clubs a greater degree of independence . The league is currently called Rosgosstrakh Russian Football Championship for sponsorship reasons . Spartak Moscow is the current Russian Premier League champion . |
Royal_Bank_of_Canada | The Royal Bank of Canada ( RBC ; Banque Royale du Canada ) is a Canadian multinational financial services company and the largest bank in Canada . The bank serves over 16 million clients and has 80,000 employees worldwide . The company corporate headquarters are located in Toronto , Ontario . The bank was founded in 1864 in Halifax , Nova Scotia . RBC 's Institution Number ( or bank number ) is 003 . In Canada , the bank 's personal and commercial banking operations are branded as RBC Royal Bank in English and RBC Banque Royale in French and serves approximately ten million clients through its network of 1,209 branches . RBC Bank was the U.S. banking subsidiary with 439 branches across six states in the Southeast , which served more than a million customers . RBC also has 127 branches across seventeen countries in the Caribbean , which serve more than 16 million clients . RBC Capital Markets is RBC 's worldwide investment and corporate banking subsidiary , while the investment brokerage firm is known as RBC Dominion Securities . Investment banking services are also provided through RBC Bank and the focus is on middle market clients . In 2011 , RBC was the largest Canadian company by revenue and market capitalization . and was ranked at # 50 in the 2013 Forbes Global 2000 listing . The company has operations in Canada , and 40 other countries and had US$ 673.2 billion of assets under management in 2014 . |
Road_Trips_Volume_3_Number_2 | Road Trips Volume 3 Number 2 is two-CD live album by the American rock band the Grateful Dead . The tenth in their `` Road Trips '' series of albums , it was released on February 24 , 2010 . It contains the complete concert recorded on November 15 , 1971 , at Austin Memorial Auditorium in Austin , Texas . This concert was the 16th concert after Keith Godchaux joined the Grateful Dead on piano . Ron `` Pigpen '' McKernan did not perform at this or any of the October and November , 1971 concerts due to poor health . A third , `` bonus '' disc was included with early shipments of the album . The bonus disc contains material from the concert held the previous evening , November 14 , 1971 , at Texas Christian University in Fort Worth , Texas . Other live Grateful Dead albums recorded during this same concert tour are Dick 's Picks Volume 2 and Grateful Dead Download Series Volume 3 . |
Runnin'_from_tha_Police | `` Runnin ' From tha Police '' is a 1995 song by rapper Tupac Shakur , featuring The Notorious B.I.G. , Stretch , Buju Banton , and Dramacydal . The song is significant , being one of very few compositions 2Pac and The Notorious B.I.G. created together , as later hostility arose between the two rappers , ending all possible collaborations and inciting the East-West Coast Rivalry . The first verse is performed by three of the four members of the rap group Dramacydal who would go on to join 2Pac 's Outlawz group ( Young Hollywood , K-Dog , and Big Malcolm , in that order ) , the second by Stretch and the Notorious B.I.G. , and the third and last by 2Pac . Four of the artists on the song have since been murdered , 2Pac , Notorious B.I.G. , Yaki Kadafi and Stretch . |
Roberto_Orci | Roberto Gaston Orci ( born July 20 , 1973 ) is a Mexican-American film and television screenwriter and producer . He began his longtime collaboration with Alex Kurtzman while at school in California . Together they have been employed on television series such as Hercules : The Legendary Journeys and Xena : Warrior Princess . In 2008 , together with J. J. Abrams , they created Fringe . In 2013 , they created Sleepy Hollow alongside Phillip Iscove . Orci and Kurtzman 's first film project was Michael Bay 's The Island , and due to that partnership they went on to write the scripts for the first three films of the Transformers film series . Orci first became a film producer with 2008 's Eagle Eye and again with 2009 's The Proposal . He and Kurtzman since returned to working with Abrams on Mission : Impossible III and both Star Trek and Star Trek Into Darkness . Between 2005 and 2011 , Kurtzman and Orci 's film projects took revenues of more than $ 3 billion . In April 2014 , Orci and Kurtzman announced that they would only collaborate in television projects , and Orci worked on the third Star Trek film , Star Trek Beyond , until being replaced the following December . Orci created the television series Matador for the El Rey Network , but after this was initially renewed , it was cancelled at the end of the first season . Both Kurtzman and Orci continue to work as producers on the television series Limitless and Scorpion . Orci was awarded the Norman Lear Writer 's Award and the Raul Julia Award for Excellence , in addition to shared awards and nominations including The George Pal Memorial Award . |
Rocket-powered_aircraft | A rocket-powered aircraft or rocket plane is an aircraft that uses a rocket engine for propulsion , sometimes in addition to airbreathing jet engines . Rocket planes can achieve much higher speeds than similarly sized jet aircraft , but typically for at most a few minutes of powered operation , followed by a glide . Unhindered by the need for oxygen from the atmosphere , they are suitable for very high-altitude flight . They are also capable of delivering much higher acceleration and shorter takeoffs . Rockets have been used simply to assist the main propulsion in the form of jet assisted take off ( JATO ) also known as rocket assisted take off ( RATO or RATOG ) . Not all rocket planes are of the conventional takeoff like `` normal '' aircraft . Some types have been air-launched from another plane , while other types have taken off vertically - nose in the air and tail to the ground ( `` tail-sitters '' ) . Because of the heavy propellant use and the various practical difficulties of operating rockets , the majority of rocket planes have been built for experimental use , as interceptor fighters and space aircraft . |
Ro_Laren | Ro Laren is a fictional character who appears on a recurring basis in the fifth , sixth and seventh seasons of the American science fiction television series Star Trek : The Next Generation . Portrayed by Michelle Forbes , she is a member of the Bajoran race who joins the crew of the USS Enterprise-D at the invitation of Captain Jean-Luc Picard ( Patrick Stewart ) . The character was intended both to be at odds with the series regulars and to replace Wesley Crusher at the conn officer post on the bridge . Forbes was cast to portray Ro , after previously appearing in the series as Dara in the episode `` Half a Life '' . The character first appears in the fifth season episode `` Ensign Ro '' , which reveals elements of Ro 's backstory . She continued to appear throughout that season , and made a further appearance in each of the sixth and seventh seasons . Starfleet sought her aid to help the Cardassians apprehend a Bajoran terrorist . After joining the Enterprise crew , she wants to abandon the engineering section of the vessel following a series of power failures in `` Disaster '' . Alongside Geordi La Forge ( LeVar Burton ) , she is affected by a Romulan experiment in `` The Next Phase '' and must help prevent the aliens from destroying the Enterprise . In `` Rascals '' , she is one of the crew who are transformed into children and helps prevent a Ferengi plot . When making her final appearance in `` Preemptive Strike '' , she is tasked by Starfleet to infiltrate the Maquis , eventually defecting and joining them permanently . Ro was also planned to be a main character in Star Trek : Deep Space Nine . However , Forbes turned down the role , so Kira Nerys was created to replace her . In the non-canonical novels , Ro eventually joins the Bajoran militia and is posted onto Deep Space Nine . She re-joins Starfleet when Bajor joins the Federation , and eventually becomes captain of the station . Reviewers discussed the religious views of Ro , comparing her views to those of Kira . Ro has been received positively by both critics and fans alike . Critics have praised the performances of Forbes , and the interaction of Ro with the existing characters . She has been placed in several polls listing the most popular characters , with Jordan Hoffman calling her the second strongest female character in the franchise . |
Royal_Rumble_(2016) | Royal Rumble ( 2016 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event , produced by WWE . It took place on January 24 , 2016 , at the Amway Center in Orlando , Florida . It was the 29th event in the Royal Rumble chronology . The event also was the fifth Royal Rumble pay-per-view to be held in the state of Florida ( 1990 , 1991 , 1995 , and 2006 ) , the second ( 1990 ) to be held in Orlando , and the first pay-per-view event at the Amway Center . The Royal Rumble match was the second that was contested for the WWE World Heavyweight Championship ( after the 1992 Rumble ) , and the first match in which the champion defended his title in the Rumble match . Six matches were contested at the event ( including with one match on the pre-show ) . In the main event , the returning Triple H won the Royal Rumble match by eliminating Dean Ambrose to win the WWE World Heavyweight Championship , winning his second Royal Rumble match , as well as making him the third person to win it from the number 30 entrant . Roman Reigns , a defending champion , was also eliminated by Triple H . The event was also notable for the WWE pay-per-view debut of longtime TNA mainstay AJ Styles , as a participant in the Royal Rumble match . |
Rock_of_Ages_Festival | The Rock of Ages Festival is a music festival held every October in Calistoga , California , United States . It was established in 1999 and has grown to become one of Northern California 's biggest rock festivals . Rock of Ages Festival presents speakers and music on four stages ranging in style from rock , rap , and Reggae to punk , big band , Latino , and more . The Rock of Ages Festival also presents workshops on subjects from marriage and relationships , to creation science and local ministry . Rock of Ages Festival has alternative stages featuring sports shows including a skate park and pro skateboarders , BMX teams , motocross performers , sword swallowers , break dance teams , and more . In addition there is a Latino stage with Hispanic music and speakers , and a children 's stage with entertainment , performances and interactive speakers featuring messages for families and kids . Rock of Ages Festival has many vendors featuring a multitude of wares , services and food , mission projects , opportunities to take foreign mission trips , and organizations that support sponsoring needy children of the world . |
Russian_submarine_Vladimir_Monomakh | Vladimir Monomakh ( Russian : АПЛ Владимир Мономах ) is a Russian ballistic missile submarine of the fourth generation ( Project 955 ) that became operational in 2015 . It is named after Vladimir Monomakh ( 1053 -- 1125 ) , the Grand Duke of Kievan Rus ' . The project was developed by the Rubin Design Bureau , and the chief designer was Sergey Kovalev . The keel was laid down on 19 March 2006 at the Sevmash shipyard in Severodvinsk . The hull of the K-480 Ak Bars was used in the construction of Vladimir Monomakh . The submarine will be armed with 16 of the newest submarine-launched ballistic missile developed in Russia , the Bulava ( NATO designation SS-N-32 ) . Vladimir Monomakh and its sister ships will replace the Delta III and IV classes in the Russian Navy . The submarine was launched on 30 December 2012 and had begun moored tests in January 2013 . The submarine finished its first sea trials on 8 October 2013 when returning from a 25-day trial at sea . On 9 September 2014 a Bulava missile was launched from the submarine . Vladimir Monomakh entered service on 19 December 2014 . It was arrived to its permanent base in the Pacific Fleet on 26 September 2016 . |
Roose_Bolton | Roose Bolton is a fictional character in the A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin , and its television adaptation Game of Thrones . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Bolton , a northern lord with his seat at the Dreadfort , is a retainer of Lord Eddard Stark . Bolton is known for being cold and calculating . Bolton 's heir is his bastard son Ramsay Snow . Bolton joins Robb Stark 's rebellion as ( along with Greatjon Umber ) , one of Stark 's lieutenants . He marries Fat Walda ( Frey ) , after having been offered any Frey bride 's weight in silver as a dowry by Lord Walder Frey . With the help of Arya Stark and the Brave Companions he takes and holds Harrenhal until rejoining Robb Stark ostensibly to help retake the Neck ( occupied by the Greyjoys ) , but in truth as a conspirator orchestrating the Red Wedding , receiving the title of Warden of the North from the Lannisters . Roose is portrayed by Michael McElhatton in the HBO television adaptation . |
Russia_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics | Russia competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens , Greece , from 13 to 29 August 2004 . This was the nation 's third consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics as an independent nation . The Russian Olympic Committee sent a total of 446 athletes to the Games , 244 men and 202 women , to compete in all sports , except baseball , field hockey , football , and softball . Russia left Athens with a total of 90 Olympic medals -- 28 golds , 26 silver , and 36 bronze -- finishing second only to the United States in the overall medal standings , and third in the gold medal tally . The Russian delegation proved particularly successful in several sports , winning a total of nineteen medals in athletics , ten each in shooting and wrestling , seven in gymnastics and weightlifting , six in boxing , and five in cycling and judo . From the twenty-four sports played by the athletes , twelve of them won more than a single Olympic medal . Russian athletes dominated in rhythmic gymnastics and synchronized swimming , where they each won gold medals in all sporting events . Russia 's team-based athletes came powerful and successful in Athens , as the indoor volleyball teams , along with men 's handball and water polo and women 's basketball , claimed Olympic medals in their respective tournaments . Among the nation 's medalists were synchronized swimming pair Anastasia Davydova and Anastasiya Yermakova , who both won gold in the women 's duet and team routines , pole vaulter Yelena Isinbayeva , who later emerged as Russia 's most promising track stars in the decade , and Greco-Roman wrestler Khasan Baroyev , who sought revenge for Russia on Alexander Karelin 's defeat from Sydney to take home the super heavyweight title . Five-time Olympian Andrey Lavrov helped the men 's handball team beat the Hungarians on his quest for the bronze medal and fourth overall in his final Olympic appearance . Originally , Russia recorded an overall tally of 92 medals at these Olympic Games . On 23 August 2004 , the International Olympic Committee ordered a lifetime ban for shot putter Irina Korzhanenko , and thereby stripped off her gold medal after being tested positive for the steroid stanozolol . Eight years later , her teammate Svetlana Krivelyova had been ordered to hand back her bronze , as the drug re-testings of her samples were discovered positive . Meanwhile , on 10 August 2012 , road cyclist Viatcheslav Ekimov had officially received the men 's individual time trial title , following American rider Tyler Hamilton 's disqualification for failing a blood doping test . Ekimov 's third gold medal in cycling at these Games added his triumphs in the track team pursuit , when he played for the Soviet Union at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul , and the men 's road time trial in Sydney four years earlier . |
Rodney_A._Grant | Rodney Arnold Grant ( born March 9 , 1959 ) is an American actor . He is best known for his role as `` Wind In His Hair '' ( Lakota : Pȟehíŋ Otȟáte ) in the 1990 film Dances with Wolves . Grant , a Native American , was raised on the Omaha Reservation in Macy , Nebraska . After his biological parents abandoned him , his grandparents raised him from six months of age , until 1982 . Besides Dances with Wolves , he has also appeared in films such as Ghosts of Mars , Wild Wild West , Geronimo : An American Legend , White Wolves III : Cry of the White Wolf , Wagons East ! , The Substitute , War Party , and Powwow Highway . He portrayed `` Chingachgook '' in the syndicated television series Hawkeye and also had guest roles in television series such as Due South , Two , and the Stargate SG-1 ( episode `` Spirits '' ) . He also portrayed the famous warrior Crazy Horse in the 1991 television movie Son of the Morning Star . Grant is a member of the Omaha tribe of Nebraska . He has been very active in youth activities and had served on the Native American Advisory Board for the Boys and Girls Clubs of America . He has five grown children , three from a previous marriage , and two from previous relationships . He later moved to southern California . |
Roman_Republic | The Roman Republic ( Res publica Romana -LSB- ˈreːs ˈpuːb.lɪ.ka roːˈmaː.na -RSB- ) was the era of ancient Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom , traditionally dated to 509 BC , and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire . It was during this period that Rome 's control expanded from the city 's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world . During the first two centuries of its existence , the Roman Republic expanded through a combination of conquest and alliance , from central Italy to the entire Italian peninsula . By the following century , it included North Africa , most of the Iberian Peninsula , and what is now southern France . Two centuries after that , towards the end of the 1st century BC , it included the rest of modern France , Greece , and much of the eastern Mediterranean . By this time , internal tensions led to a series of civil wars , culminating with the assassination of Julius Caesar , which led to the transition from republic to empire . The exact date of transition can be a matter of interpretation . Historians have variously proposed Julius Caesar 's crossing of the Rubicon River in 49 BC , Caesar 's appointment as dictator for life in 44 BC , and the defeat of Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC . However , most use the same date as did the ancient Romans themselves , the Roman Senate 's grant of extraordinary powers to Octavian and his adopting the title Augustus in 27 BC , as the defining event ending the Republic . Roman government was headed by two consuls , elected annually by the citizens and advised by a senate composed of appointed magistrates . As Roman society was very hierarchical by modern standards , the evolution of the Roman government was heavily influenced by the struggle between the patricians , Rome 's land-holding aristocracy , who traced their ancestry to the founding of Rome , and the plebeians , the far more numerous citizen-commoners . Over time , the laws that gave patricians exclusive rights to Rome 's highest offices were repealed or weakened , and leading plebeian families became full members of the aristocracy . The leaders of the Republic developed a strong tradition and morality requiring public service and patronage in peace and war , making military and political success inextricably linked . Many of Rome 's legal and legislative structures ( later codified into the Justinian Code , and again into the Napoleonic Code ) can still be observed throughout Europe and much of the world in modern nation states and international organizations . |
Russian_Chess_Championship | The Russian Chess Championship has taken various forms . |
Roma_(upcoming_film) | Roma is an upcoming Mexican-American family drama film written and directed by Alfonso Cuarón . |
Romulan | The Romulans are an extraterrestrial humanoid species in the science fiction franchise Star Trek . First appearing in the original Star Trek series in the 1966 episode `` Balance of Terror '' , they have since made appearances in all the main later Star Trek series : The Animated Series , The Next Generation , Deep Space Nine , Voyager and Enterprise . In addition , they have appeared in various spin-off media , and prominently in the two films Star Trek : Nemesis ( 2002 ) and Star Trek ( 2009 ) . Throughout the series , they are generally depicted as antagonists , and are usually at war with or in a tenuous truce with the United Federation of Planets . On extremely rare occasions , they have allied with the Federation . They generally do not get along with Klingons either , whom they consider to be a savage race , while the Klingons consider Romulans dishonorable . The Romulans also act as a counterpoint to the logical Vulcan race , whom they resemble and with whom they share a common ancestry . As such , the Romulans are characterized as passionate , cunning , and opportunistic -- in every way the opposite of the logical and `` cold '' Vulcans . The Romulans are the dominant race of the Romulan Star Empire . Although Star Trek Star Charts place the Romulan Empire 's territory in the Beta Quadrant of the galaxy in Star Trek : Deep Space Nine , they are referred to as an Alpha Quadrant power . The Romulans were created by Paul Schneider , who said `` it was a matter of developing a good Romanesque set of admirable antagonists ... an extension of the Roman civilization to the point of space travel '' . There are some differences in their history and the way they are portrayed on television , in the motion pictures and in several books by Diane Duane , called the Rihannsu series , after the term they use to refer to themselves in their Romulan native language . |
Russian_Hill,_San_Francisco | Russian Hill is a neighborhood of San Francisco , California , in the United States . It is named after one of San Francisco 's 44 hills , and one of its original `` Seven Hills '' . |
Royal_Rumble_(2014) | Royal Rumble ( 2014 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by WWE and presented by Jackson Hewitt which took place on January 26 , 2014 at the Consol Energy Center in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . It was the twenty-seventh annual Royal Rumble , the first to be held in the city of Pittsburgh and the first WWE pay-per-view in 2014 . The event featured four professional wrestling matches and one pre-show match , two of which were for championships . The main event was the Royal Rumble match , a battle royal in which wrestlers enter the ring at regular intervals . Batista won by last eliminating Roman Reigns to become a two-time Royal Rumble winner . Elsewhere on the event 's card , Randy Orton successfully defended the WWE World Heavyweight Championship against John Cena , Bray Wyatt defeated Daniel Bryan , and Brock Lesnar defeated Big Show . On the event 's pre-show , The New Age Outlaws defeated Goldust and Cody Rhodes to become the new WWE Tag Team Champions . The event is known for the overwhelmingly negative crowd response during the Orton-Cena title match , as well as towards the end of ( and after ) the Royal Rumble match , when the fans booed the Rumble winner Batista and repeatedly chanted for Daniel Bryan ( who had competed earlier in the night and was not involved in the main event ) . Fans worldwide ( including retired wrestler Mick Foley ) voiced their displeasure over social media , and the event was covered by many major news outlets as one of the worst Royal Rumble pay-per-views . However , the bout between Daniel Bryan and Bray Wyatt was highly praised by fans and critics . The event also marked the final wrestling appearance of CM Punk , who walked out on WWE the next day despite still being under contract and subsequently signed a contract to compete in the UFC . The event received 467,000 buys , down 8.8 % from the 512,000 buys for the previous year 's event . |
Roman_à_clef | Roman à clef ( -LSB- ʁɔmɑ̃ a kle -RSB- , anglicised as -LSB- roU,mQn_@_'kleI -RSB- ) , French for novel with a key , is a novel about real life , overlaid with a façade of fiction . The fictitious names in the novel represent real people , and the `` key '' is the relationship between the nonfiction and the fiction . The `` key '' may be produced separately by the author or implied through the use of epigraphs or other literary techniques . Created by Madeleine de Scudéry in the 17th century to provide a forum for her thinly veiled fiction featuring political and public figures , the roman à clef has since been used by writers as diverse as Sylvia Plath , Truman Capote , Ernest Hemingway , George Orwell , Jack Kerouac , Victor Hugo , Blaise Cendrars , Philip K. Dick , Bret Easton Ellis , Naguib Mahfouz , Charles Bukowski and Malachi Martin . The reasons an author might choose the roman à clef format include : satire ; writing about controversial topics and/or reporting inside information on scandals without giving rise to charges of libel ; the opportunity to turn the tale the way the author would like it to have gone ; the opportunity to portray personal , autobiographical experiences without having to expose the author as the subject ; avoiding self-incrimination or incrimination of others that could be used as evidence in civil , criminal , or disciplinary proceedings ; and the settling of scores . Biographically inspired works have also appeared in other literary genres and art forms , notably the film à clef . |
Rogue_Emperor | Rogue Emperor ( ; literally `` Rogue Emperor '' ) is a 2016 Hong Kong pre-modern romantic-comedy television drama created and produced by TVB , starring Kenneth Ma , Niki Chow , Mandy Wong , Benjamin Yuen , Koo Ming Wah and Brian Tse as the main cast . Filming took place from April till June 2014 . The drama was originally scheduled to broadcast after `` Master of Destiny '' on Hong Kong 's TVB Jade and HD Jade channels on August 3 , 2015 every Monday through Friday during its 8:30 -9:30 pm timeslot with a total of 20 episodes . On July 8 , 2015 the drama was shelved again with no scheduled date of when it will be broadcast . In November 2016 , it was announced that the drama will finally have an air date of 12 December 2016 , with the number of episodes decreasing to 17 . Rogue Emperor is a remake of TVB 's 1981 drama The Misadventure of Zoo , which starred Adam Cheng and Louise Lee as the leads . |
Roman_province | In Ancient Rome , a province ( Latin : provincia , pl . provinciae ) was the basic , and , until the Tetrarchy ( 293 AD ) , largest territorial and administrative unit of the empire 's territorial possessions outside of Italy . The word province in modern English has its origins in the term used by the Romans . Provinces were generally governed by politicians of senatorial rank , usually former consuls or former praetors . A later exception was the province of Egypt , incorporated by Augustus after the death of Cleopatra : it was ruled by a governor of equestrian rank only , perhaps as a discouragement to senatorial ambition . This exception was unique , but not contrary to Roman law , as Egypt was considered Augustus ' personal property , following the tradition of earlier , Hellenistic kings . |
Rise_of_the_Planet_of_the_Apes | Rise of the Planet of the Apes is a 2011 American science fiction film directed by Rupert Wyatt and starring James Franco , Freida Pinto , John Lithgow , Brian Cox , Tom Felton , David Oyelowo , and Andy Serkis . Written by Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver , it is 20th Century Fox 's reboot of the Planet of the Apes series , intended to act as an origin story for a new series of films . Its premise is similar to the fourth film in the original series , Conquest of the Planet of the Apes ( 1972 ) , but it is not a direct remake of that film . Rise of the Planet of the Apes was released on August 5 , 2011 , to critical and commercial success . The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects . It was also nominated for five Saturn Awards including Best Director for Wyatt and Best Writing for Jaffa and Silver , winning Best Science Fiction Film , Best Supporting Actor for Serkis and Best Special Effects . Serkis ' performance as Caesar was widely acclaimed , earning him many nominations from many associations which do not usually recognize performance capture as traditional acting . A sequel to the film , Dawn of the Planet of the Apes , was released on July 11 , 2014 , and a third film , War for the Planet of the Apes , is planned for a July 14 , 2017 release . |
Royal_Rumble_(2010) | Royal Rumble ( 2010 ) was the twenty-third annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . It took place on January 31 , 2010 , at the Philips Arena in Atlanta , Georgia and featured talent from the Raw , SmackDown , and ECW brands . As has been customary since 1993 , the Royal Rumble match winner received a match at that year 's WrestleMania , ( in this instance : WrestleMania XXVI ) for his choice at either the WWE Championship , the World Heavyweight Championship , or the ECW Championship . Six professional wrestling matches were featured on the event 's supercard , a scheduling of more than one main event . The main event was the annual 30-competitor Royal Rumble match which featured wrestlers from all three brands . Edge , the twenty-ninth entrant , won the match by last eliminating John Cena , the nineteenth entrant . The primary match on the Raw brand was for the WWE Championship between reigning champion Sheamus and Randy Orton , which Sheamus won by disqualification . The primary match on the SmackDown brand was between The Undertaker and Rey Mysterio for the World Heavyweight Championship , which The Undertaker won to retain the championship . The featured match on the ECW brand was between Christian and Ezekiel Jackson for the ECW Championship , which Christian won . |
Roger_Deakins | Roger Alexander Deakins , ( born May 24 , 1949 ) is an English cinematographer best known for his work on the films of the Coen brothers , Sam Mendes , and Denis Villeneuve . Deakins is a member of both the American and British Society of Cinematographers . He received the 2011 American Society of Cinematographers ( A.S.C. ) Lifetime Achievement Award . Deakins has received thirteen nominations for the Academy Award for Best Cinematography . |
Roll_film | Rollfilm or roll film is any type of spool-wound photographic film protected from white light exposure by a paper backing , as opposed to film which is protected from exposure and wound forward in a cartridge . The term originated in contrast to sheet film . Confusingly , roll film was originally often referred to as `` cartridge '' film because of its resemblance to a shotgun cartridge . The opaque backing paper allows roll film to be loaded in daylight . It is typically printed with frame number markings which can be viewed through a small red window at the rear of the camera . A spool of roll film is usually loaded on one side of the camera and pulled across to an identical take up spool on the other side of the shutter as exposures are made . When the roll is fully exposed , the take up spool is removed for processing and the empty spool on which the film was originally wound is moved to the other side , becoming the take up spool for the next roll of film . |
Romit_Raj | Romit Raj ( born on 9 July 1980 ) is an Indian actor who appeared in Zee TV serials Ghar Ki Lakshmi Betiyann as Yuvraj Garodia and Maayka as Jeet Khurana . He also acted in Humdum which was released on 11 February 2005 as Siddhant Dey , and Yatra as Joglekar 's son which was released on 4 May 2007 . Currently he is playing the role of Varun in the Indian courtroom drama Adaalat . Recent actions showed that he left Adaalat for some reason but on 4/10/13 , he confirmed his arrival back to the show . |
Rory_Williams | Rory Williams is a fictional character portrayed by Arthur Darvill in the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who . Having been introduced at the start of the 5th series , Rory joins the Eleventh Doctor ( Matt Smith ) as a companion in the middle of Series 5 . As Amy Pond 's fiancé , Rory is initially insecure because he believes Amy secretly loves the Doctor more . Later , however , he proves to be a hero in his own right and he and Amy marry . The couple conceive a daughter aboard the Doctor 's time machine , the TARDIS , while in the time vortex , but their baby is kidnapped at birth . In `` A Good Man Goes to War '' , Rory and Amy discover their time-traveler friend River Song is actually their daughter Melody Pond . The Doctor and River marry in `` The Wedding of River Song '' , and Rory becomes the Doctor 's father-in-law . In `` The Angels Take Manhattan '' , the fifth episode of the seventh series , he and Amy are transported back in time by a Weeping Angel , leading to the couple 's departure from the series . |
Robin_S. | Robin Stone ( born April 27 , 1962 ) , known professionally as Robin S. , is an American singer and songwriter , who scored success in the 1990s with such hit singles as `` Show Me Love '' ( which was her debut single and a number-one hit ) and `` Luv 4 Luv '' . She has had three number ones on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart . |
Rye_Rye | Ryeisha Berrain ( born November 25 , 1990 ) , known by her stage name Rye Rye , is an American rapper , singer , dancer and actress . Signed to N.E.E.T. Recordings , she released her first mixtape RYEot PowRR in 2011 and her anticipated debut album Go ! Pop ! Bang ! on May 15 , 2012 . In early 2009 , MSNBC listed Rye Rye as one of the `` 5Top : Top of the pops ! Up-and coming young singers . '' In 2011 , Rye Rye was named one of Billboard 's `` 21 Under 21 '' . Rye Rye made her acting debut in the 2012 film 21 Jump Street . |
Romney_family | The Romney family , prominent in U.S. politics and other professions , is most known for its connection with George W. Romney ( 1907 in Colonia Dublán , Galeana , Chihuahua , Mexico -- 1995 at Bloomfield Hills , Michigan ) , 43rd governor of Michigan ( 1963 -- 1969 ) and his son , Mitt Romney ( born 1947 in Detroit , Michigan ) , 70th governor of Massachusetts ( 2003 -- 2007 ) , and Republican nominee for the presidency of the United States in 2012 . George Romney 's father was Gaskell Romney ( 1871 in St. George , Utah -- 1955 in Salt Lake City , Utah ) , and his mother was Anna Amelia Pratt . Anna 's grandfather was renowned early Mormon leader Parley Parker Pratt . Based upon the family 's heritage going back to the first Mormon generation and to their modern-day prominence in business , politics , and as part of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , authors Richard and Joan Ostling have written variously that the Romneys are `` an LDS political dynasty '' and that `` The Romneys are LDS royalty . '' The family is linked by marriage to the Smith family , and has a lateral relationship with the Matheson family , the Huntsman family , and the Eyring family . A branch of the Romneys reside in the Mormon colonies in Mexico . The Romney family emigrated to the United States from Dalton-in-Furness , England in the 1840s . |
Roi_fainéant | Roi fainéant ( -LSB- ʁwa fɛneɑ̃ -RSB- ) , literally `` do-nothing king '' and so presumably `` lazy king '' , is a French term primarily used to refer to the later kings of the Merovingian dynasty after they seemed to have lost their initial energy , from the death of Dagobert I in 639 ( or alternatively from the accession of Theuderic III in 673 ) until the deposition of Childeric III in favour of Pepin the Short in 751 . The appellation goes back to Einhard , the biographer of Charlemagne , who described the late Merovingian kings as kings `` in nothing but in name '' , During the century of the rois fainéants , the Merovingian kings were increasingly dominated by their mayors of the palace , in the 6th century the office of the manager of the royal household , but in the 7th increasingly the real `` power behind the throne '' who limited the role of the king to an essentially ceremonial office . The last Carolingian ruler , Louis V of France , was also in his turn nicknamed le Fainéant ( `` the Do-Nothing '' ) , because his effective rule was limited to the region around Laon . |
Rio_Bravo_(film) | Rio Bravo is a 1959 American Western film produced and directed by Howard Hawks and starring John Wayne , Dean Martin , Ricky Nelson , Angie Dickinson , Walter Brennan , and Ward Bond . Written by Jules Furthman and Leigh Brackett , based on the short story `` Rio Bravo '' by B. H. McCampbell , the film is about the sheriff of the town of Rio Bravo , Texas , who arrests the brother of a powerful local rancher to help his drunken deputy/friend . With the help of a cripple and a young gunfighter , they hold off the rancher 's gang . Rio Bravo was filmed on location at Old Tucson Studios outside Tucson , Arizona , in Technicolor . In 2014 , Rio Bravo was deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' by the Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry . |
Russell_Brand | Russell Edward Brand ( born 4 June 1975 ) is an English comedian , actor , radio host , author , and activist . Beginning his career as a stand-up comedian and later becoming an MTV presenter , Brand first achieved notoriety in 2004 as the host of Big Brother 's Big Mouth , a Big Brother spin-off . In 2007 , he had his first major film role in St Trinian 's , and the following year he landed a major role in the romantic comedy-drama Forgetting Sarah Marshall ; the film led to him starring in a spin off , the rock comedy Get Him to the Greek , alongside Jonah Hill in 2010 . He also worked as a voice actor in the animated films Despicable Me in 2010 , Hop in 2011 , and Despicable Me 2 in 2013 , and played the title character of the 2011 remake of the romantic comedy Arthur . In 2013 , he released the successful stand-up special Messiah Complex . Since guest editing an edition of British political weekly New Statesman in 2013 , Brand has become known as a public activist and campaigner , and has spoken on a wide range of political and cultural issues , including wealth inequality , addiction , corporate capitalism , climate change , and media bias . This includes a much publicised interview with Newsnight host Jeremy Paxman in 2013 , in which he disparaged the British political system as ineffectual , encouraged the British electorate not to vote , and endorsed an egalitarian socialist revolution to replace the status quo . In 2014 , Brand launched his political-comedy web series The Trews , released a book entitled Revolution , and began work on a documentary about financial inequality with Michael Winterbottom . Over the course of his career , Brand has been the subject of frequent media coverage and controversy for issues such as his promiscuity and drug use , his outrageous behaviour at various award ceremonies , his dismissal from MTV and resignation from the BBC , and his two-year marriage with singer Katy Perry . He has incorporated many of his controversial public antics into his comedic material . In 2015 a biographical documentary called Brand : A Second Coming was released . |
Room_93 | Room 93 is the debut extended play ( EP ) by American singer and songwriter Halsey . It was released on October 27 , 2014 by Astralwerks . The project was re-released digitally on March 9 , 2015 , including a new version of `` Ghost '' , this later is also included on the singer 's debut full-length album Badlands . The sound of the EP is rooted on the electropop music genre . A digital remix version of the EP , featuring three remixes for the songs `` Hurricane '' , `` Ghost '' and `` Trouble '' was released on March 3 , 2015 . Along with the remix EP , a `` One Mic , One Take '' EP was released on the same date . `` Trouble ( Stripped ) '' was featured on the promo of the episode `` Best Laid Plans '' of the TV series Once Upon a Time . |
Robert_John_Pratt | Robert John Pratt ( 28 February 1907 -- 6 April 2003 ) was a Canadian architect , comedian , and politician . Pratt was born in London , England ; his Irish mother lived in London and his father lived in Montreal . In 1933 , he received a Bachelor of Architecture degree from McGill University . A practicing architect , Pratt enlisted with the Royal Canadian Hussars during World War II rising to the rank of major . In 1942 , he joined the Royal Canadian Navy so he could be a part of the Royal Canadian Navy musical revue . He performed as part of the show Meet the Navy and sung the song `` You 'll Get Used to It '' ( which he wrote the lyrics for ) . Pratt also performed for the 1946 film version as well . After the war , Pratt made a series of humorous short how-to films . In 1948 , he performed in a musical version of The Drunkard which he took on tour . During the Korean War , he entertained the soldiers and later hosted a television program called This Is French . During Expo 67 he produced the World Festival of Performing Arts . In 1953 , he was elected as an alderman in the city of Dorval , Quebec . From 1955 to 1964 , he was mayor of Dorval . He was elected to the Canadian House of Commons in the 1957 federal election in the riding Jacques-Cartier -- Lasalle . A Progressive Conservative , he was re-elected in the 1958 election . He was defeated in 1962 and again in 1963 , 1968 , and 1974 . |
Roosevelt_Corollary | The Roosevelt Corollary was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine articulated by President Theodore Roosevelt in his State of the Union address in 1904 after the Venezuela Crisis of 1902 -- 03 . The corollary states that the United States will intervene in conflicts between European countries and Latin American countries to enforce legitimate claims of the European powers , rather than having the Europeans press their claims directly . Roosevelt tied his policy to the Monroe Doctrine , and it was also consistent with his foreign policy included in his Big Stick Diplomacy . Roosevelt stated that in keeping with the Monroe Doctrine , the United States was justified in exercising `` international police power '' to put an end to chronic unrest or wrongdoing in the Western Hemisphere . While the Monroe Doctrine had sought to prevent European intervention , the Roosevelt Corollary was used to justify US intervention throughout the hemisphere . In 1934 , President Franklin D. Roosevelt renounced interventionism and established his Good Neighbor policy for the Western Hemisphere . |
Rory_Mallinson | Rory Mallinson ( October 27 , 1913 -- March 26 , 1976 ) was an American actor of film and television . Born on October 27 , 1913 in Atlanta , Georgia , Mallinson would begin his acting career after signing a contract with Warner Brothers in 1945 . That year he would have a small role in the film , Pride of the Marines , starring John Garfield and Eleanor Powell . Mallinson would continue making films through the 1940s , and throughout the 1950s , appearing in over 90 films during this period . Notable films in which he would perform include : a featured role in the 1947 film noir Dark Passage , starring Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall ; Mighty Joe Young ( 1949 ) ; the Abbott and Costello vehicle , Abbott and Costello Meet the Invisible Man ( 1951 ) ; the 1952 western , Springfield Rifle , starring Gary Cooper ; and Howard Hawks ' 1952 film , The Big Sky , which stars Kirk Douglas , Dewey Martin , and Elizabeth Threatt . In the early 1950s , he also had a featured role in the film serial , Blackhawk . His final performance in the film industry would be in the western , Westbound ( 1959 ) , starring Randolph Scott and Virginia Mayo . During the 1960s , his career diminished , and he would only make a handful of guest appearances on several television series during the decade , including performances on Cheyenne and Mannix . Mallinson died on March 26 , 1976 in Los Angeles , California . |
Roahn_Hylton | Roahn Hylton , known as `` First Born '' , is a Hip-Hop , R&B , and Pop music producer from Houston , Texas . He attended Oral Roberts University before becoming a professional music producer . First Born was a co-producer with Kane Beatz on Nicki Minaj 's first Billboard Top 5 single `` Super Bass '' . In addition to the song being a platinum hit in the U.S. , `` Super Bass '' spent several weeks inside the top 20 and is Minaj 's highest charting solo single to date . First Born has also worked with Flo Rida , Plies , Ne-Yo , Trey Songz , Kaleena , Ludacris , Cassie , The Game , Gucci , and New Boys . Additional projects Hylton has worked on include Shonlock 's LP Never Odd or Even and Darrell Vanzant 's Broken : A Musical . |
Roux_de_Marcilly | Roux de Marcilly - sometimes spelled Marsilly - , ( born in Nîmes around 1623 and died in Paris on June 22 , 1669 ) is said to be the head and coordinator of a plot against King of France Louis XIV in 1668 . In a socio-political context of persecution of Huguenots and famine , the plot was on a European scale . The conspiracy aimed at overturning Louis XIV 's government and change into republics provinces like Provence , Dauphiné and Languedoc , with the military support of Switzerland , Spain and United Netherlands . While living in London , Roux de Marcilly was betrayed , denounced in May 1668 , illegally kidnapped in Switzerland and jailed , before he was condemned to death by `` breaking on the wheel '' in Paris on the 21st of June 1669 , after being assisted by minister Jean Daillé . In his historical essay Le Masque de Fer ( The Iron Mask ) released in 1965 , French novelist Marcel Pagnol identified the famous masked prisoner ( known as `` The Man in the Iron Mask '' ) as Louis XIV 's twin brother who was born after him , and thus legitimate heir of the crown . This twin , identified with James de la Cloche in his youth , was said to have been sentenced to life imprisonment after he conspired against his brother with Roux . Coveting his brothers ' crown , he is likely to be a major figure of the conspiracy . |
Rigid_body | In physics , a rigid body is a solid body in which deformation is zero or so small it can be neglected . The distance between any two given points on a rigid body remains constant in time regardless of external forces exerted on it . A rigid body is usually considered as a continuous distribution of mass . In the study of special relativity , a perfectly rigid body does not exist ; and objects can only be assumed to be rigid if they are not moving near the speed of light . In quantum mechanics a rigid body is usually thought of as a collection of point masses . For instance , in quantum mechanics molecules ( consisting of the point masses : electrons and nuclei ) are often seen as rigid bodies ( see classification of molecules as rigid rotors ) . |
Rise_of_the_Cybermen | `` Rise of the Cybermen '' is the fifth episode of the second series of the British science fiction television programme Doctor Who . The episode introduces a non-extraterrestrial reinvention of the Cybermen , as well as a parallel universe which would serve as a recurring plot element in the series . It is the first part of a two-part story , the concluding part being `` The Age of Steel '' . The TARDIS becomes stranded in an alternative universe where Rose Tyler 's father is alive and corporations are closely involved with the British government ; one such corporation is Cybus Industries , which is being countered by an underground resistance . The Doctor , Rose and Mickey Smith discover a plot by Cybus co-founder John Lumic to convert the population of London into monotonous cybernetic creatures resembling enemies the Doctor has faced before . The episode was first broadcast on 13 May 2006 . It was directed by Graeme Harper , who became the first and so far only man in the show 's history to have directed episodes in both the original and revived runs of the series : he previously directed the acclaimed serial The Caves of Androzani in 1984 , and Revelation of the Daleks in 1985 . |
San_Bernardino_Mountains | The San Bernardino Mountains are a high and rugged mountain range in Southern California in the United States . Situated north and northeast of San Bernardino and spanning two California counties , the range tops out at 11489 ft at San Gorgonio Mountain -- the tallest peak in all of Southern California . The San Bernardinos form a significant region of wilderness and are popular for hiking and skiing . The mountains were formed about eleven million years ago by tectonic activity along the San Andreas Fault , and are still actively rising . Many local rivers originate in the range , which receives significantly more precipitation than the surrounding desert . The range 's unique and varying environment allows it to maintain some of the greatest biodiversity in the state . For over 10,000 years , the San Bernardinos and their surrounds have been inhabited by indigenous peoples , who used the mountains as a summer hunting ground . Spanish explorers first encountered the San Bernardinos in the late 18th century , naming the eponymous San Bernardino Valley at its base . European settlement of the region progressed slowly until 1860 , when the mountains became the focus of the largest gold rush ever to occur in Southern California . Waves of settlers brought in by the gold rush populated the lowlands around the San Bernardinos , and began to tap the mountains ' rich timber and water resources on a large scale by the late 19th century . Recreational development of the range began in the early 20th century , when mountain resorts were built around new irrigation reservoirs . Since then , the mountains have been extensively engineered for transportation and water supply purposes . Four major state highways and the California Aqueduct traverse the mountains today ; these developments have all had significant impacts on area wildlife and plant communities . |
Saint_Brendan's_Island | Saint Brendan 's Isle , also spelled St Brendan 's Isle , is a phantom island , or mythical island , supposedly situated in the North Atlantic somewhere west of Northern Africa . It is named after the Saint Brendan who founded the Clonfert monastery and monastic school . It is said to have been discovered by the saint and his followers while they were traveling across the ocean , evangelizing islands . It appeared on numerous maps in Christopher Columbus 's time , most notably Martin Behaim 's Erdapfel of 1492 . It is referred to as La isla de San Borondón or isla de Samborombón in Spanish . The first mention of the island was in the ninth-century Latin text Navigatio Sancti Brendani Abatis ( Voyage of Saint Brendan the Abbot ) , placing the island into Irish and European folklore . |
Saint_Lucia_amazon | The Saint Lucia amazon ( Amazona versicolor ) also known as the Saint Lucia parrot is a species of parrot in the family Psittacidae . It is endemic to Saint Lucia and is the country 's national bird . Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist mountain forest . It is threatened by habitat loss . The species had declined from around 1000 birds in the 1950s to 150 birds in the late 1970s . At that point a conservation program began to save the species , which galvanized popular support to save the species , and by 1990 the species had increased to 350 birds.Although the population in Saint Lucia is small it is still expanding . The story of its salvation from the brink of extinction ( including the influence of conservationist Paul Butler ) is told in Chapter 7 of the 2010 book `` Switch : How to Change Things When Change is Hard '' by Chip & Dan Heath . |
Sandra_Brown_(campaigner) | Sandra Brown , OBE , ( born 7 January 1949 ) is a Scottish campaigner and leading expert on child protection issues . She has also achieved wide recognition as a writer , broadcaster and actress . |
Samwell_Tarly | Samwell Tarly , called Sam , is a fictional character in the A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin , and its television adaptation Game of Thrones . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Sam is the eldest son of Randyll Tarly , from the fictional kingdom of Westeros . He subsequently appeared in Martin 's A Clash of Kings before being a POV character in the later novels . Sam is portrayed by John Bradley-West in the HBO television adaptation . |
Santo_Domingo | Santo Domingo ( -LSB- ˈsanto ðoˈmiŋɡo -RSB- meaning `` Saint Dominic '' ) , officially Santo Domingo de Guzmán , is the capital and largest city in the Dominican Republic and the largest metropolitan area in the Caribbean by population . In 2010 , its population was counted as 965,040 , rising to 2,908,607 when its surrounding metropolitan area was included . The city is coterminous with the boundaries of the Distrito Nacional ( `` D.N. '' , `` National District '' ) , itself bordered on three sides by Santo Domingo Province . Founded by Bartholomew Columbus in 1496 , on the east bank of the Ozama River and then moved by Nicolás de Ovando in 1502 to the west bank of the river , the city is the oldest continuously inhabited European settlement in the Americas , and was the first seat of the Spanish colonial rule in the New World . Santo Domingo is the site of the first university , cathedral , castle , monastery , and fortress in the New World . The city 's Colonial Zone was declared as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO . Santo Domingo was called Ciudad Trujillo ( -LSB- sjuˈðað tɾuˈxiʝo -RSB- ) , from 1936 to 1961 , after the Dominican Republic 's dictator , Rafael Trujillo , named the capital after himself . Following his assassination , the city resumed its original designation . Santo Domingo is the cultural , financial , political , commercial and industrial center of the Dominican Republic , with the country 's most important industries being located within the city . Santo Domingo also serves as the chief seaport of the country . The city 's harbor at the mouth of the Ozama River accommodates the largest vessels , and the port handles both heavy passenger and freight traffic . Temperatures are high year round , with a cool breeze around winter time . |
Sailor_Moon | is a Japanese shōjo manga series written and illustrated by Naoko Takeuchi . It was originally serialized in Nakayoshi from 1991 to 1997 ; the 52 individual chapters were published in 18 tankōbon volumes . The series follows the adventures of a young schoolgirl named Usagi Tsukino as she transforms into the titular character to search for a magical artifact called the . During her journey , she leads a diverse group of comrades , the -- Sailor Guardians in later editions -- as they battle against villains to prevent the theft of the Silver Crystal and the destruction of the Solar System . The 18 manga volumes have been adapted into an anime series titled Sailor Moon which was produced by Toei Animation . The series was broadcast from 1992 to 1997 in Japan over the course of five seasons along with three feature films , a television special , and three short films produced during the same period . A live-action television adaptation titled Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon aired from 2003 to 2004 and a reboot of the anime series titled Sailor Moon Crystal began simulcasting in 2014 . Several companies have developed merchandising based on the series , including light novels , collectible trading card games , action figures , musical theater productions , several collections of soundtracks and a large number of video games . The manga series was licensed for an English language release by Kodansha Comics in North America , and in Australia and New Zealand by Random House Australia . The entire anime series has been licensed by Viz Media for an English language release in North America and by Madman Entertainment in Australia and New Zealand . Since its release , Pretty Soldier Sailor Moon has received wide critical acclaim and has become one of the most popular manga and anime series worldwide . The entire series has sold over 35 million copies worldwide , making of it one of the highest selling shōjo series ever , and reviewers have praised the art , characterization and humor of the story . The anime is popular in several countries and is arguably one of the most influential in boosting the popularity of Japanese animation in Western culture . Pretty Soldier Sailor Moon is often cited with popularizing the concept of a team of magical girls and for revitalizing the magical girl genre . The franchise is also credited with redefining the genre , as previous magical girls did not use their powers to fight evil , and the concept is now considered one of its standard archetypes . |
Samwise_Gamgee | Samwise `` Sam '' Gamgee -LSB- ˈsæmˌwaɪz_ˈɡæmˌdʒiː -RSB- ( later known as Samwise Gardner ) is a fictional character in J. R. R. Tolkien 's legendarium . Samwise is one of the main characters of The Lord of the Rings , in which he fills an archetypical role as the sidekick of the primary protagonist , Frodo Baggins . Sam is a member of the Fellowship of the Ring . At the beginning of the story , Sam is the gardener of Frodo , and is drawn into Frodo 's adventure by Gandalf while eavesdropping on a private conversation . Throughout the story , Sam is Frodo 's steadfast companion , portrayed as both physically and emotionally strong , often pushing Frodo through difficult parts of the journey , and at times physically carrying him when Frodo was too weak to go on . Sam even serves as ring-bearer for a short time when Frodo is captured ; Sam 's emotional strength is again on display as he willingly gives the ring up when Frodo is capable of carrying it again , the only character known to resist its pull . Following the War of the Ring Sam returned to the Shire , and returned to his role as gardener , helping to replant the trees which had been destroyed during The Scouring of the Shire . He was elected Mayor of the Shire for seven consecutive terms , and in his old age was one of the last denizens of Middle Earth to be transported to The Undying Lands , an honor accorded to him as one of the ring-bearers . |
Same-sex_marriage_in_Wisconsin | Same-sex marriage has been legally recognized in Wisconsin since October 6 , 2014 , upon the resolution of a lawsuit challenging the state 's ban on same-sex marriage . On October 6 , the U.S. Supreme Court refused to hear an appeal of an appellate court ruling in Wolf v. Walker that had found Wisconsin 's ban on same-sex marriage unconstitutional . The appellate court issued its order prohibiting enforcement of the state 's ban on same-sex marriage the next day and Wisconsin counties began issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples immediately . The constitution of Wisconsin had precluded state recognition of same-sex marriages and prohibited the establishment of any similar legal status under another name since 2006 , when 59 % of voters ratified a constitutional amendment defining marriage so as to exclude same-sex couples . The state 's constitution and statutes previously contained no similar restrictions . A federal lawsuit filed in February 2014 , Wolf v. Walker , challenged Wisconsin 's refusal to grant marriage licenses to same-sex couples , its refusal to recognize same-sex marriages established in other jurisdictions , and related statutes . In June 2014 , Judge Barbara Crabb of the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Wisconsin ruled for the plaintiffs and in the week before she stayed her decision county clerks in 60 of the state 's 72 counties issued marriage licenses to same-sex couples and some performed marriage ceremonies for them . The state appealed her decision to the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals , which affirmed her decision on September 4 and later stayed implementation of its ruling until the U.S. Supreme Court decided whether to consider the case . Public opinion polls since voters adopted the constitutional amendment in 2006 report a trend in favor of legal recognition of same-sex relationships . |
SM-64_Navaho | The North American SM-64 Navaho was a supersonic intercontinental cruise missile project built by North American Aviation ( NAA ) . The final design was capable of delivering a nuclear weapon to the USSR from bases in the US , while cruising at 3 Mach at 60000 feet altitude . The missile is named after the Navajo Nation . The original 1946 project called for a relatively short-range system , a boost-glide weapon based on a winged V-2 rocket design . Over time the requirements were repeatedly extended , both due to the US Air Force 's desire for longer ranged systems , as well as competition from similar weapons that successfully filled the shorter-range niche . This led to a new design based on a ramjet powered cruise missile , which also developed into a series of ever-larger versions , along with the booster rockets to launch them up to speed . Through this period the US Air Force was developing the SM-65 Atlas , based on rocket technology developed for Navaho . Atlas filled the same performance goals but could do so with total flight times measured in minutes rather than hours , and flying at speeds and altitudes which made them immune to interception , as opposed to merely very difficult to intercept as in the case of Navaho . With the launch of Sputnik 1 in 1957 and the ensuing fears of a missile gap , Atlas received the highest development authority . Navaho continued as a backup , before being canceled in 1958 when Atlas successfully matured . Although Navaho did not enter service , its development provided useful research in a number of fields . A version of the Navaho airframe powered by a single turbojet became the AGM-28 Hound Dog , which was carried towards its targets on the Boeing B-52 Stratofortress and then flew the rest of the way at about Mach 2 . The guidance system was used to guide the first Polaris submarines . The booster engine design , spun off to NAA 's new Rocketdyne subsidiary , was used in various versions of the Atlas , PGM-11 Redstone , PGM-17 Thor , PGM-19 Jupiter , Mercury-Redstone , the Juno series , and is the direct ancestor of the engines used to launch the Saturn I and Saturn V moon rockets . |
Samurai_Jack | Samurai Jack is an American action-adventure animated television series created by Genndy Tartakovsky for Cartoon Network . The series follows `` Jack '' , an unnamed samurai sent through time to a dystopian future ruled by the tyrannical shape-shifting demon Aku . Jack quests to travel back in time and defeat Aku before he can take over the world . The series premiered on August 10 , 2001 , with a TV movie called The Premiere Movie , before ending in its fourth season on September 25 , 2004 , without concluding the story . A revival was produced twelve years later , giving the fifth season that concludes the series , which premiered on Adult Swim 's Toonami block on March 11 , 2017 . The series finale aired on May 20 , 2017 . All episodes of Samurai Jack are directed by Tartakovsky , usually in collaboration with others . The series has garnered critical acclaim , and won four Primetime Emmy Awards , including Outstanding Animated Program , as well as six Annie Awards and an OIAF Award . |
Scaredy_Camp | Scaredy Camp is an American television series that aired on Nickelodeon . It was hosted by Emma Wilson ( the daughter of Weakest Link host , Anne Robinson ) . The show featured children competing against each other to find clues about urban legends that surround the summer camp that they are attending . Ten episodes were filmed in all , with repeats shown on Nick GAS , but currently episodes no longer air on the network , nor will they return due to the station 's end on December 31 , 2007 . The show 's first season was filmed at Camp Lindenmere in Henryville , Pennsylvania , during the summer of 2002 . The camp , however , was referred to as `` Camp Lindenwood '' on the show , due to legal reasons . The show was created by Liz Sommers ( née Becker ) . |
Science_(TV_network) | Science is an American digital cable and satellite television network that is owned by Discovery Communications . The channel features programming focusing on the fields of wilderness survival , ufology , manufacturing , construction , technology , space , prehistory and animal science . As of February 2015 , Science is available to approximately 75.5 million pay television households ( 64.8 % of households with at least one television set ) in the United States . |
Samuel_W._Block | Samuel W. Block ( 1911 -- 1970 ) was an American lawyer and one of the name partners at Jenner & Block . Block was born in 1911 in Saint Joseph , Missouri . He attended Yale University , receiving his A.B. in 1933 . He then attended Harvard Law School , graduating in 1936 . Upon graduation in 1936 , Block moved to Chicago to join the firm of Poppenheusen , Johnston , Thompson and Cole ( the predecessor firm of Jenner & Block ) . He became a partner at the law firm in 1948 , and a name partner in 1964 , when the firm became known as `` Jenner & Block '' . Block 's practice focused on antitrust and securities litigation and takeovers , for clients such as Flying Tiger Line and Gulf + Western . Although he mainly focused on corporate transactions , his securities litigation practice did see him occasionally in court , even arguing before the Supreme Court of the United States , e.g. in Surowitz v. Hilton Hotels Corp. , 383 U.S. 363 ( 1966 ) . |
San_Francisco_in_the_1970s | San Francisco in the 1970s was a global hub of culture . It was known worldwide for hippies and radicals . The city was heavily affected by drugs , prostitution and crime . Outcasts and the socially marginalized were attracted by a greater tolerance and acceptance of diverse cultures in the city . It grew as one of world 's biggest centres for the LGBT community and LGBT rights . The Daily Mail described flamboyant 70s San Francisco as being characterized by `` hippy street life when buskers , bongo players and impressive bouffants thronged the city by the bay . '' The rock music known as the San Francisco Sound was performed live and recorded by San Francisco-based rock groups of the mid-1960s to early 1970s . It was associated with the counterculture community in the city at the time . San Francisco was the cradle of the pornography industry in the United States in the 1970s , and led to a dramatic growth of strip clubs , adult movie theaters , `` peep show '' booths , and sex shops downtown , as well as to the creation of the first feminist advocacy groups for sex workers . Many skyscrapers were built in the city during this period . The city is also associated with West Coast jazz and was one of the major centers of jazz fusion which took off in the 70s . Many American detective/crime television series were shot in San Francisco in the 1970s and the city became well known as a backdrop to police films such as Dirty Harry . |
San_Ramon,_California | San Ramon is a city in Contra Costa County , California , United States , located 34 miles east of San Francisco , and within the San Ramon Valley . San Ramon 's population was estimated as 76,134 in mid-2015 by the US Census Bureau , making it the 4th largest city in Contra Costa County , behind Richmond , Concord and Antioch . San Ramon is home to the headquarters of Chevron , 24-Hour Fitness , the West Coast headquarters of AT&T Inc. , The Global Software Center of GE , as well as the San Ramon Medical Center . Major annual events include the Art and Wind Festival on Memorial Day weekend and the Run for Education in October . On April 24 , 2001 , San Ramon received the title Tree City USA . |
Saturn_Award_for_Best_Performance_by_a_Younger_Actor | The Saturn Award for Best Performance by a Younger Actor is one of the annual awards given by the American professional organization , the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy & Horror Films . The Saturn Awards are the oldest film-specialized awards to reward science fiction , fantasy , and horror achievements ( the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation , awarded by the World Science Fiction Society who reward science fiction and fantasy in various media , is the oldest award for science fiction and fantasy films ) . The category was first introcued for the 1984 film year , to specifically reward young actor and actresses in films , and was the first acting award of the Academy to reward both males and females . Haley Joel Osment and Chloë Grace Moretz are the only people to have won the award twice . Elijah Wood , Kirsten Dunst , and Tobey Maguire are the three actors to have won both the Best Performance by a Younger Actor award and later a Saturn Award for adults . |
Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha | Saint Helena , Ascension and Tristan da Cunha is a British Overseas Territory located in the South Atlantic and consisting of the island of Saint Helena , Ascension Island and the archipelago of Tristan da Cunha . Its name was Saint Helena and Dependencies until 1 September 2009 , when a new constitution came into force giving the three islands equal status within the territory . Despite this change , the whole territory is still commonly referred to as simply Saint Helena after its main island . Similarly , the demonym Saint Helenians ( or `` Saints '' ) and the derived name for the local nationality is commonly understood to include Ascension Islanders and Tristanians , as well . |
Sarkar_(film) | Sarkar ( Hindi : सरकार , translation : Overlord ) is a 2005 Indian political crime thriller film written and directed by Ram Gopal Varma . The film stars Amitabh Bachchan in the title role alongside Abhishek Bachchan as the younger son , Shankar Nagre , along with Kay Kay Menon , Katrina Kaif , Anupam Kher , Kota Srinivasa Rao , Supriya Pathak and Tanisha Mukherjee . It is the first installment of Sarkar film series . The movie is inspired from The Godfather . Along with film 's sequel , Sarkar Raj , released on 6 June 2008 , the film was archived at the American Academy of Motion Pictures library . The blockbuster film was premièred at the New York Asian Film Festival . |
SEC_Rule_144A | Rule 144A . Securities Act of 1933 , as amended ( the `` Securities Act '' ) provides a safe harbor from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 for certain private resales of minimum $ 500,000 units of restricted securities to qualified institutional buyers ( QIBs ) , which generally are large institutional investors that own at least $ 100 million in investable assets . When a broker or dealer is selling securities in reliance on Rule 144A , it may make offers to non-QIBs through general solicitations following an amendment to the rule in 2012 . Since its adoption , Rule 144A has greatly increased the liquidity of the securities affected . This is because the institutions can now trade these formerly restricted securities amongst themselves , thereby eliminating the restrictions that are imposed to protect the public . Rule 144A was implemented in order to induce foreign companies to sell securities in the US capital markets . For firms registered with the SEC or a foreign company providing information to the SEC , financial statements need not be provided to buyers . Rule 144A has become the principal safe harbor on which non-U.S. companies rely when accessing the U.S. capital markets . Since 1990 , the Nasdaq Stock Market offers a compliance review process which grants Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation ( DTCC ) book-entry access to 144A securities . Nasdaq launched an Electronic Trading Platform for 144A securities called PORTAL . Rule 144A should not be confused with Rule 144 , which permits public ( as opposed to private ) unregistered resales of restricted and controlled securities ( within certain limits . ) |
Saturn_Award_for_Best_Youth-Oriented_Television_Series | The following is a list of Saturn Award winners for Best Youth-Oriented Television Series . The award is presented annually by the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy and Horror Films , honoring the work of actresses in science fiction , fantasy , and horror fiction on television . It was created in 2011 , and discontinued in 2015 when the Saturn Award went through major changes in their television categories . Teen Wolf won the award three times , with The 100 winning once . Teen Wolf and The Vampire Diaries hold the record for the most nominations , gaining a nomination for each of the four years it was awarded . ( NOTE : Year refers to year of eligibility , the actual ceremonies are held the following year ) The winners are listed in bold . |
Sara_Tanaka | Sara Tanaka ( born November 21 , 1978 ) is an American doctor and former film actress . She is best known for her roles in Rushmore , Old School , and Race The Sun . |
San_Francisco_Baykeeper | San Francisco Baykeeper is a nonprofit environmental advocacy organization that works to protect , preserve , and enhance the health of the ecosystems and communities that depend upon the San Francisco Bay . For seventeen years , Baykeeper has stood guard over the waters of the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary and its watershed . These waters , in addition to their recreational value and biological productivity , also provide drinking water for more than 23 million people and serve as the cornerstone of California 's $ 7 billion economy . Beginning in the high reaches of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade Mountains , the Bay-Delta watershed encompasses the entire Bay Area and the Great Central Valley of California . This vast watershed includes virtually all of the state 's remaining coastal wetlands and provides rare and fragile habitat for marine mammals , migrating birds , and California 's few remaining endangered salmon runs . Baykeeper was founded in 1989 by Michael Herz on the principle that California 's waterways are common property , owned by all who use and enjoy them . Baykeeper works to rehabilitate natural environments and promote new strategies and policies to protect the water quality of the Bay-Delta Estuary . Baykeeper currently operates local chapters for the San Francisco Bay and the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta . It was founded in 1989 as the fourth `` waterkeeper '' organization in the nation and the first on the West Coast of the United States . Baykeeper is part of the Waterkeeper Alliance , the national and international network of `` keeper '' organizations . |
San_Francisco_Unified_School_District | San Francisco Unified School District ( SFUSD ) , established in 1851 , is the only public school district within the City and County of San Francisco , and the first in the state of California . Under the management of the San Francisco Board of Education , the district serves more than 55,500 students in more than 160 institutions . SFUSD utilizes an intra-district school choice system and requires students and parents to submit a selection application . Every year in the fall , the SFUSD hosts a Public School Enrollment Fair to provide families access to information about all the schools in the district . SFUSD has the second highest Academic Performance Index among the seven largest California school districts in California . Newsweek 's national ranking of `` Best High Schools in America '' named seven SFUSD high schools among the top five percent in the country in 2007 . In 2005 , two SFUSD schools were recognized by the federal government as No Child Left Behind Blue-Ribbon Schools . |
Saturn_Award_for_Best_Animated_Film | The Saturn Award for Best Animated Film ( formerly Saturn Award for Best Animation ) is one of the annual awards given by the American professionnel organization , the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy & Horror Films . The Saturn Awards , which are the oldest film-specialized awards to reward science fiction , fantasy , and horror achievements ( the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation , awarded by the World Science Fiction Society who reward science fiction and fantasy in various media , is the oldest award for science fiction and fantasy films ) , included the Best Animated Film category for the first time only in 1978 , was revived in 1982 , and still currently reactivated since 2002 . It is one of the older awards to reward animated films . This award has been achieved sixteen times , including seven times to Pixar films . |
SS_George_Washington | SS George Washington was an ocean liner built in 1908 for the Bremen-based North German Lloyd and was named after George Washington , the first President of the United States . The ship was also known as USS George Washington ( ID-3018 ) and USAT George Washington in service of the United States Navy and United States Army , respectively , during World War I . In the interwar period , she reverted to her original name of SS George Washington . During World War II , the ship was known as both USAT George Washington and , briefly , as USS Catlin ( AP-19 ) , in a short , second stint in the U.S. Navy . When George Washington was launched in 1908 , she was the largest German-built steamship and the third-largest ship in the world . George Washington was built to emphasize comfort over speed and was sumptuously appointed in her first-class passenger areas . The ship could carry a total of 2,900 passengers , and made her maiden voyage in January 1909 to New York . In June 1911 , George Washington was the largest ship to participate in the Coronation Fleet Review by the United Kingdom 's newly crowned king , George V. On 14 April 1912 , George Washington passed a particularly large iceberg south of the Grand Banks of Newfoundland and radioed a warning to all ships in the area , including White Star Line ocean liner , which sank near the same location . Throughout her German passenger career , contemporary news accounts often reported on notable persons -- typically actors , singers , and politicians -- who sailed on George Washington . At the outbreak of World War I , George Washington was interned by the then-neutral United States , until that country entered into the conflict in April 1917 . George Washington was seized by the United States and taken over for use as a troop transport by the U.S. Navy . Commissioned as USS George Washington ( ID-3018 ) , she sailed with her first load of American troops in December 1917 . In total , she carried 48,000 passengers to France , and returned 34,000 to the United States after the Armistice . George Washington also carried U.S. President Woodrow Wilson to France twice for the Paris Peace Conference . George Washington was decommissioned in 1920 and handed over the United States Shipping Board ( USSB ) , who reconditioned her for passenger service . SS George Washington sailed in transatlantic passenger service for both the United States Mail Steamship Company ( one voyage ) and United States Lines for ten years , before she was laid up in the Patuxent River in Maryland in 1931 . During World War II , the ship was re-commissioned by the U.S. Navy as USS Catlin ( AP-19 ) for about six months and was operated by the British under Lend-Lease , but her old coal-fired engines were too slow for effective combat use . After conversion to oil-fired boilers , the ship was chartered to the U.S. Army as USAT George Washington and sailed around the world in 1943 in trooping duties . The ship sailed in regular service to the United Kingdom and the Mediterranean from 1944 to 1947 , and was laid up in Baltimore after ending her Army service . A fire in January 1951 damaged the ship severely , and she was sold for scrapping the following month . |
SM-65B_Atlas | The Convair SM-65B Atlas , or Atlas B , also designated X-12 was a prototype of the Atlas missile . First flown on 19 July 1958 , the Atlas B was the first version of the Atlas rocket to use the stage and a half design with an operational sustainer engine and jettisonable booster section , in addition to an operational guidance computer . Unlike later Atlas models , the Atlas B used explosive bolts to jettison the booster section . Ten flights were made . Nine of these were sub-orbital test flights of the Atlas as an Intercontinental Ballistic Missile , with five successful missions and four failures . The seventh flight , launched on 18 December 1958 , was used to place the SCORE satellite into low Earth orbit , the first orbital launch conducted by an Atlas rocket . The B series test program took a considerable amount of delays and frustration , not in the least because the Atlas B was far more complicated than the prototype Atlas A , in fact the first launch would feature all hardware systems found on an operational Atlas , including the sustainer engine , separable booster section , guidance computer , Azusa tracking system , detachable nose cone , and more . The first flight article missile , 3B , was originally planned for launch in May 1958 , but the date was set back by endless hardware difficulties , both with the missile itself and the newly opened LC-11 . In addition , Atlas 3B could not be cleared for flight until a successful firing run of Missile 2B was performed at the Sycamore Canyon test stand , which was also experiencing nonstop technical issues . The launch of a third Soviet satellite in April also put further pressure on program planners . Finally on July 19 , Missile 3B was launched . Engine start proceeded normally and the launcher release system functioned well . The Atlas performed well until T +21 seconds when the programmer attempted to initiate the pitch and roll maneuver . At this point , the missile began swerving from side to side uncontrollably and finally broke up at the forward end of the LOX tank at T +43 seconds , the thrust section and part of the RP-1 tank remaining in one piece until impact with the ocean . Even before the flight was terminated , technicians had determined the cause of the failure -- ground crews had forgotten to power on the yaw gyro during prelaunch preparations . To prevent a recurrence of this , Convair began equipping the gyroscope packages with motion sensors to ensure proper operation , something that would eventually become a standard part of guided missile control systems . Atlas 3B was considered `` partially successful '' because all other systems had functioned properly until missile destruction . On August 2 , Missile 4B , identical to 3B aside from minor venting changes , was successfully launched from LC-13 on a 2500-mile flight . All systems functioned normally and booster section separation , which was tested for the first time , occurred on schedule . Missile 5B was launched successfully from LC-11 on August 29 and traveled 550 miles downrange , followed by 8B on September 14 . Missile 6B broke the streak of successful flights on September 18 when it exploded 82 seconds after liftoff . The cause of the failure was traced to a seized turbopump , which resulted in abrupt termination of B-1 engine thrust at T +80 seconds , followed two seconds later by missile pitchdown and structural breakup . The turbopump failure was a persistent problem that had plagued Thor , Jupiter , and Atlas launches , all of which used a variant of the same Rocketdyne engine and which had an extremely marginal turbopump design that resulted in the lubricant oil foaming at high altitude and causing the bearings in the pump to come loose , resulting in instant pump shutdown . The Army Ballistic Missile Division had replaced all of the turbopumps in their stock of Jupiter missiles and did not experience any turbopump failures after January 1958 , but the Air Force resisted doing the same with Thor and Atlas missiles so as to not delay the test program . The result was that several pump-related failures occurred in the Thor and Atlas programs during 1958 and only after Atlas 6B did they finally give in and agree to replace the pumps . Missile 9B , the first Atlas with upgraded turbopumps , was launched on November 18 . Gyroscope problems struck again when a misaligned roll gyro caused an unplanned rolling motion of the missile shortly after liftoff , but the guidance system was able to correct the flight trajectory . Excessive fuel consumption led to premature sustainer shutdown and so the missile did not achieve its planned range of 3150 miles , instead managing only 2300 miles . BECO occurred at T +131 seconds and SECO at T +227 seconds , while nose cone separation was not accomplished . The malfunction was due to the turbopumps not being properly matched to the engines in the Atlas . Due to the need to test them out , there had not been any time to perform this step . On November 29 , Missile 12B was successfully launched from LC-14 and made a 6325-mile lob , the first full-range flight of an Atlas missile . This step was achieved a full six months earlier than originally anticipated by program plans . On December 18 , Missile 10B performed the first use of an Atlas for a space launch when it orbited SCORE , a prototype communications satellite . This Atlas included several modifications for the flight , including 5-second vernier start tanks . The missile was also stripped down to save weight -- the Azusa tracking system , telemetry packages , and all other hardware not absolutely essential to the flight were removed . In addition , it was equipped with MA-1 engines that had been tested and found to have above-average performance . The launch was conducted with stringent secrecy , in part because the Air Force were concerned about another embarrassing public launch failure like Vanguard TV-3 the year before . In the event that SCORE failed , they could simply claim that it was an ICBM test , and most of the launch crew also did not know 10B 's true mission , as the missile was shipped to CCAS carrying a standard blunt Atlas RV and only the night before the launch was the satellite mounted on top of it . Orbital launches required a considerably different flight path than missiles , and during launch , the Range Safety Officer , who assumed it was a routine Atlas missile test , almost pressed the destruct button on noticing that the trajectory was `` off '' , but he was quickly talked out of it . SCORE transmitted a tape-recorded Christmas greeting from President Eisenhower and operated for 13 days until the batteries ran down . The satellite , which remained attached to the spent Atlas , decayed from orbit on January 21 , 1959 . With a combined weight of 8660 pounds ( 3928 kg ) , it held the record for largest manmade object in space for a number of years . The lack of a telemetry system meant that limited data on the missile 's performance was available , however all systems appeared to operate correctly throughout powered flight . A slight rolling motion was attributed to a 10 ° misalignment of the roll gyro , however a backup command from the guidance system corrected it . On January 16 , 1959 , Missile 13B , which was the backup booster for SCORE and carried the same modified hardware , was launched from LC-14 but lost thrust slightly under a minute into launch and fell into the Atlantic Ocean . The exact cause of the failure could not be determined because just like 10B , the missile was not carrying a telemetry package due to the intended mission of flying an Atlas to its maximum range , which required stripping the missile down to as light a weight as possible . Starting at T +100 seconds , the engines began gimbaling in all three axes , resulting in complete loss of control and missile tumbling . Propulsion system performance started decaying at T +109 seconds and the engines completely shut down at T +121 seconds . The missile remained structurally intact until impact with the ocean . The failure was believed to have been caused by exhaust gases being sucked into the thrust section and burning through wiring . The Atlas B test program concluded with the fully successful flight of Missile 11B on February 4 , which traveled 610 miles downrange . All Atlas B launches were conducted from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station , at Launch Complexes 11 , 13 and 14 . |
San_Francisco_Municipal_Railway | The San Francisco Municipal Railway ( SF Muni or Muni ) is the public transit system for the city and county of San Francisco , California . In 2006 , it served 46.7 sqmi with an operating budget of about $ 700 million . In ridership Muni is the seventh largest transit system in the United States , with 210,848,310 rides in 2006 and the second largest in California behind Metro in Los Angeles . With a fleet average speed of 8.1 mph , it is the slowest major urban transit system in America and one of the most expensive to operate , costing $ 19.21 per mile per bus and $ 24.37 per mile per train . However , it has more boardings per mile and more vehicles in operation than similar transit agencies . Muni is an integral part of public transit in the city of San Francisco , operating 365 days a year and connecting with regional transportation services , such as Bay Area Rapid Transit ( BART ) , Caltrain , SamTrans , Golden Gate Transit , and AC Transit . Its network consists of 54 bus lines , 17 trolley bus lines , 7 light rail lines that operate above ground and in the city 's lone subway tube ( called Muni Metro ) , 3 cable car lines , and 2 heritage streetcar lines , the E Embarcadero and F Market . Many weekday riders are commuters , as the daytime weekday population in San Francisco exceeds its normal residential population . Muni shares four metro stations with BART . |
SANAM_(band) | Sanam is an Indian pop rock band based in Mumbai consisting of Sanam Puri ( Lead Vocals ) , Samar Puri ( Lead Guitar ) , Venky S or Venkat Subramaniyam ( Bass Guitar ) and Keshav Dhanraj ( Drums ) . They are also referred to as India 's Fabulous Four . The band 's business manager Ben Thomas , Founder of Kurian & Co. . Talent Management , is often referred to as the fifth band member . Together they strive to create the sound & style the band is recognised for by blending 4 different musical influences . This band is considered to bring back the band culture and independent music into India after a notable gap . SANAM band is India 's first music artist to cross 1 Million Subscribers on YouTube . The band is known for being amongst India 's top 10 independent YouTube Channels , India 's biggest music artist on the digital platform and the fastest growing YouTube Channel in the country . The band 's music is known to bring out messages of Love , Peace and a feeling of Togetherness , making 3 generations of grand parents , parents and children enjoying the same music together . For the same reason their live concerts find audiences of all age groups coming together . The band has also started a new trend of releasing singles in India instead of full Albums . The band has so far recorded & performed songs in the following languages - Hindi , English , Bengali , Telugu and Gujarati . The band name Sanam is derived from the universal word for love in languages like Hindi , Urdu , Persian , Arabic and Sanskrit , across Eastern Europe to the Indian sub-continent . The band 's frontman Sanam Puri is also the voice behind Bollywood chart busters like ` Dhat Teri Ki ' and ` Ishq Bulaava ' . Amongst other original songs written , produced and composed by the band , is the song ` Main Hoon ' for ` The Amazing Spider-Man 2 ' that received rave reviews across its multi-language theatre release in India.The band is also known for giving a new life to retro classics like ` Lag Jaa Gale ' , ` Aap Ki Nazrone Ne Samjha ' , ` Mere Mehboob Qayamat Hogi ' and ` Gulabi Aankhen ' to name a few . |
Same-sex_marriage_in_Alabama | Same-sex marriage has been legal in Alabama since June 26 , 2015 , after the U.S. Supreme Court 's ruling in Obergefell v. Hodges , but some counties in Alabama do not issue marriage licenses to any couples to avoid issuing them to same-sex couples following the decision . Before the Supreme Court 's decision in Obergefell v. Hodges on June 26 , 2015 which held that the United States Constitution requires every state to recognize and license same-sex marriage , the legal status of same-sex marriage in Alabama had been the subject of a long legal battle . Federal court orders in two cases took effect on February 9 , 2015 , and 47 of the state 's 67 counties began issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples that day or shortly thereafter , despite an order from Alabama Supreme Court Chief Judge Roy Moore not to do so . The other counties either issued licenses only to opposite-sex couples or stopped issuing marriage licenses altogether . In both cases , a U.S. District Court had found the state 's ban on same-sex marriage unconstitutional . The Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals and the U.S. Supreme Court had declined state officials ' requests for a stay . On March 3 , 2015 , the Alabama Supreme Court , ruling in a different case , ordered the state 's probate judges to stop issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples , and they promptly complied , though a number of them refused to issue any marriage licenses at all . At least 545 same-sex couples married between February 9 and March 3 , 2015 . Advocates for same-sex marriage rights responded with renewed efforts in federal court , and on May 21 , 2015 , a federal court ruled that all probate judges were obliged not to refuse to issue marriage licenses on the basis of the applicants being of the same sex , but stayed its ruling pending action by the U.S. Supreme Court . Previously , the state banned the licensing of same-sex marriages and the recognition of such marriages from other jurisdictions by executive order of the governor in 1996 , by statute in 1998 , and by constitutional amendment in June 2006 . |
Sanyika_Shakur | Sanyika Shakur ( born Kody Dehjon Scott ; November 13 , 1963 ) , also known by his former street moniker Monster , is a former member of the Los Angeles gang the Eight Tray Gangster Crips . He got his nickname as a 13-year-old gang member when he beat and stomped a robbery victim until he was disfigured . Shakur claimed to have reformed in prison , joined the Republic of New Afrika movement , and wrote a 1993 autobiography called Monster : The Autobiography of an L.A. Gang Member . Monster describes how Shakur was drawn into gang life , his experiences as a gangster both on the street and in prisons , and eventually his transformation into a Black nationalist . Shakur spent 36 months at San Quentin State Prison and five years at Pelican Bay State Prison , most of which was spent in solitary confinement , where he converted to Islam . In March 2007 , Shakur , already sought by police for parole violations and named on the city 's most-wanted gang members list , was arrested by the Los Angeles Police Department for allegedly breaking into the home of an acquaintance and beating him in order to steal his car . The charges represent a possible third strike that could send Shakur back to prison for life . In May 2008 Shakur pleaded no contest to carjacking and robbery charges , and was sentenced to six years in state prison . Also in 2008 , Shakur made his fiction debut with the publication of T.H.U.G. L.I.F.E. ( Grove Atlantic Books ) . He was released from Pelican Bay after serving two thirds of his 6-year sentence in August 2012 . |
Sam_Brownback | Samuel Dale Brownback ( born September 12 , 1956 ) is an American politician currently serving as the 46th Governor of Kansas . A member of the Republican Party , Brownback was first elected to the U.S. House of Representatives during the Republican Revolution of 1994 , representing Kansas 's 2nd congressional district for a single term , before running in a 1996 special election for the Senate seat previously held by Bob Dole . He won that election , and two regular elections following , serving until 2011 . He ran for president in 2008 , but withdrew before the primaries began and endorsed eventual Republican nominee John McCain . He was elected Governor of Kansas in 2010 and took office in January 2011 . Brownback supported the 2007 Iraq War troop surge and has also voiced his support for Israel . He opposes same-sex marriage and describes himself as pro-life . As Governor , Brownback signed into law the largest income tax cut in Kansas ' history , eliminating state income taxes for business profits realized as non-wage income , affecting mainly IRS `` S filers . '' Brownback turned down a $ 31.5 million grant from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to set up an insurance exchange as part of the federal health care reform law , signed a bill that blocked tax breaks for abortion providers , banned sex-selection abortions , and declared that life begins at fertilization . The income tax cut generated a substantial budget deficit , affecting core government service , particularly in education , and led many former and current Republican officials to criticize his leadership in the run-up to the 2014 gubernatorial election and endorse his Democratic opponent , Paul Davis . Polls taken in September 2016 gave Brownback an approval rating of 23 % , the lowest rating of all 50 governors in the United States . Brownback was reelected in a close race with a plurality , a margin of 3.7 % . In 2017 , it was reported that Brownback was being considered by President Donald Trump to be appointed U.S. Ambassador to the U.N. for Food and Agriculture in Rome and for U.S. Ambassador-at-Large for International Religious Freedom in Washington , DC . |
Santa_Clara_County,_California | Santa Clara County , California , officially the County of Santa Clara , is a county in the U.S. state of California . As of the 2010 census , the population was 1,781,642 . The county seat and largest city is San Jose , the tenth-most populous city in the United States . Santa Clara County is part of the San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara , CA Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland , CA Combined Statistical Area . Located at the southern end of the San Francisco Bay , the highly urbanized Santa Clara Valley within Santa Clara County is also known as Silicon Valley . Santa Clara is the most populous county in the San Francisco Bay Area and in Northern California , and is one of the most affluent counties in the United States . |
Samuel_Cole_(settler) | Samuel Cole ( c. 1597 -- 1666/67 ) was an early settler of Boston in the Massachusetts Bay Colony , arriving with the Winthrop Fleet in 1630 . He was an innkeeper and confectioner , and in 1634 established the first house of entertainment in the colony , called Cole 's Inn and referenced by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow in his play John Endicott as the Three Mariners . Born by 1597 , Cole and his family arrived in New England with John Winthrop in 1630 , and established themselves on the Shawmut Peninsula , which soon became the town of Boston . He and his wife Ann were among the earliest members of the Boston church , having joined in the autumn of 1630 . He opened the first tavern in the area on 4 March 1634 in what later became downtown Boston , but in 1645 relocated his business to the future Merchants Row between State Street and Faneuil Hall . Cole 's establishment was a center of social and political life in Boston , and Governor Henry Vane had brought the Narragansett Indian sachem Miantonomoh , with his retinue , for a meal there . Henry Wadsworth Longfellow included Cole and his house of entertainment in his play John Endicott set in the early 1660s . As a member of the Boston Church , Cole was caught up in the Antinomian Controversy that shook the young colony between 1636 and 1638 . He signed a petition in support of the minister John Wheelwright who was banished from the colony , and after being threatened with losing his weapons , he signed a remission , calling his support of Wheelwright an error . While during the early days of the colony Cole was considered well off , and contributed to various causes , by 1661 he was suffering financial losses and in June of that year was granted 300 acres of land for being a respected and useful member of the community . Cole was married three times , and had at least four children , all with his first wife , Ann . His son , John , married Susanna , the only person to survive the massacre killing her famed mother , Anne Hutchinson , and many of her siblings . Cole wrote his will in December 1666 , and died in Boston shortly thereafter , with his will being proved the following February . |
Sacramento_metropolitan_area | The Greater Sacramento area , or officially Sacramento -- Arden-Arcade -- Yuba City , CA-NV Combined Statistical Area , is a combined statistical area consisting of several metropolitan statistical areas and seven counties in Northern California and one in Western Nevada , namely Sacramento , Yolo , El Dorado , Placer , Sutter , Yuba , and Nevada counties in California , and Douglas County in Nevada . The metropolitan area experienced a growth of nearly 20 % in the last decade . In the 2000 census , the Sacramento MSA had a population of 1,930,857 ( though a July 1 , 2009 estimate placed the population at 2,458,355 ) . It lies in the Central Valley and Sierra Nevada regions of California as well as a small region of Western Nevada . Greater Sacramento is anchored by Sacramento , the political center of California , the nation 's most populous state with the largest number of representatives in the U.S. government , home of the California State Capitol and the secondary location of Supreme Court of California and was the original terminus for the First Transcontinental Railroad . Greater Sacramento also contains sites of natural beauty including Lake Tahoe , the largest alpine lake in North America and numerous ski and nature resorts . It is also located in one of the world 's most important agricultural areas . The region 's eastern counties are located in Gold Country , site of the California Gold Rush . Recently it has been one of the fastest growing regions in the United States as Sacramento continues to emerge as a distinct metropolitan center in the United States as well as having cheaper housing for commuters from and to the nearby , more expensive , San Francisco Bay Area . |
San_Francisco_Fire_Department | The San Francisco Fire Department ( SFFD ) provides fire and emergency medical services to the City and County of San Francisco , California . The San Francisco Fire Department , along with the San Francisco Police Department and San Francisco Sheriff 's Department , serves an estimated population of 1.4 million people , which includes the approximately 850,000 citizens residing in the 47.5 sqmi of San Francisco ( including Treasure Island , Yerba Buena Island , San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge , Golden Gate Bridge , Alcatraz Island , the San Francisco International Airport , and the Presidio of San Francisco/Golden Gate National Recreation Area . |
San_Francisco_cable_car_system | The San Francisco cable car system is the world 's last manually operated cable car system . An icon of San Francisco , the cable car system forms part of the intermodal urban transport network operated by the San Francisco Municipal Railway . Of the 23 lines established between 1873 and 1890 , only three remain ( one of which combines parts of two earlier lines ) : two routes from downtown near Union Square to Fisherman 's Wharf , and a third route along California Street . While the cable cars are used to a certain extent by commuters , the vast majority of their 7 million annual passengers are tourists . They are among the most significant tourist attractions in the city , along with Alcatraz Island , the Golden Gate Bridge , and Fisherman 's Wharf . The cable cars are listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The cable cars are not to be confused with San Francisco 's heritage streetcars , which operate on Market Street and the Embarcadero . |
Saturday_Night_Live_(season_19) | The nineteenth season of Saturday Night Live , an American sketch comedy series , originally aired in the United States on NBC between September 25 , 1993 , and May 14 , 1994 . Many changes happened before the start of the season . Dana Carvey had left the show in the middle of the previous season . Chris Rock and Robert Smigel also left the show at the end of the previous season . Ellen Cleghorne , Melanie Hutsell , Tim Meadows , Adam Sandler , and David Spade were all promoted to repertory status . Stand-up comics Norm Macdonald , Jay Mohr and Sarah Silverman were hired as writers and would debut as featured players a few episodes into the season . Veteran comic actor Michael McKean joined the show mid-season as a repertory cast member . This would also be the final season for Phil Hartman , Melanie Hutsell , Rob Schneider , Sarah Silverman and Julia Sweeney . A major blow for the show was the loss of Hartman . Before his final show the entire cast and crew presented him with a bronzed stick of glue , symbolizing how he had become `` The Glue '' of the show , a term coined by Adam Sandler . |
Saint_Pyr | Pyr ( Pŷr -LSB- pɨːr , piːr -RSB- sometimes known as Piro in English ) was a Welsh abbot of the 6th century who may later have been revered as a saint . He been described as being `` an unsuitable abbot and ... one of those Celtic ` saints ' who would never have been canonized by any formal process '' ( Farmer , 409 ) . Little is known about him apart from the fact that he was titular of Caldey Island ( Welsh Ynys Bŷr `` Pŷr 's Island '' ) . Pyr is said to have become so drunk one night that on the way back to his cell he fell into a well . He died soon after being pulled out . He was replaced as abbot by Samson , who resigned in disgust when he found that the young monks had become ungovernable due to the laxity of Pyr 's rule . |
Same-sex_marriage_in_Virginia | Same-sex marriage has been legally recognized in Virginia since October 6 , 2014 , following a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States to refuse to hear an appeal of the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals in the case Bostic v. Schaefer . Marriages of same-sex couples subsequently began at 1:00 PM on October 6 after the Circuit Court issued its mandate , and since then Virginia has performed legal marriages of same-sex couples and recognized out-of-state marriages of same-sex couples . State recognition had been prohibited by statute in 1975 , and further restrictions were added in 1997 and 2004 , which made `` void and unenforceable '' any arrangements between same-sex couples bestowing the `` privileges or obligations of marriage '' . Voters approved a constitutional amendment reinforcing the existing laws in 2006 . On January 14 , 2014 , a U.S. district court judged ruled in Bostic v. Schaefer that Virginia 's statutory and constitutional ban on state recognition of same-sex marriages is unconstitutional . Same-sex marriage is supported by both of the state 's U.S Senators , Democrats Mark Warner and Tim Kaine . |
Saint_Croix,_U.S._Virgin_Islands | Saint Croix ( -LSB- ˌseɪnt_ˈkrɔɪ -RSB- Santa Cruz Sint-Kruis Sainte-Croix Danish and Norwegian : Sankt Croix , Taino : Ay Ay ) is an island in the Caribbean Sea , and a county and constituent district of the United States Virgin Islands ( USVI ) , an unincorporated territory of the United States . With its 84 square miles , St. Croix is the largest of the islands in the territory . However , the territory 's capital , Charlotte Amalie , is located on Saint Thomas . As of the 2010 United States Census , St. Croix 's population was 50,600 , its highest point is Mount Eagle , at 355 m. St. Croix 's nickname is `` Twin City '' , for its two towns on opposite ends of the island , Frederiksted on the western end and Christiansted on the east . |
San_Francisco,_Agusan_del_Sur | San Francisco , officially the ( Lungsod sa San Francisco Bayan ng San Francisco ) , is a in the province of in the of the Philippines . The population was at the . In 2013 , San Francisco topped first as the `` Most Competitive Municipality in the Philippines '' according to the National Competitiveness Council ( NCC ) from out of the 163 first-class municipalities covered by their index . The protected area of the Agusan Marsh Wildlife Sanctuary can also be reached in San Francisco thru the Barangays Caimpugan and New Visayas . |
Scarface_(soundtrack) | Scarface : Music from the Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack album featured on the 1983 American crime film , Scarface , which was directed by Brian De Palma . Composed by Italian record producer Giorgio Moroder , the vinyl soundtrack was released on December 9 of the same year through MCA Records . The album features music created by Moroder , who wrote and produced all of the tracks . Scarface counts with the collaboration of multiple singers , including Paul Engemann in the track `` Scarface ( Push It to the Limit ) '' , Debbie Harry in `` Rush Rush '' , and Amy Holland in `` She 's on Fire '' and `` Turn Out the Night '' , among other artists . The soundtrack received a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Original Score at the 41st Golden Globe Awards . In 2003 , Scarface was remastered and re-released through Universal Records . According to De Palma , Universal wanted to change the original soundtrack for a rap score . After its re-release , the soundtrack debuted in the French Album Chart at number 98 . In 2006 , the soundtrack was featured in the game Scarface : The World Is Yours , which is based on the film . Diverse songs from hip hop artists sampled songs from the soundtrack . Also , they were featured on the soundtrack of the video game Grand Theft Auto III ( 2001 ) , on its fictional Flashback 95.6 radio station . |
Saturday_Night_Live_(season_42) | The forty-second season of the NBC comedy series Saturday Night Live premiered on October 1 , 2016 during the 2016 -- 2017 television season , with host Margot Robbie and musical guest The Weeknd , and concluded on May 20 , 2017 with host Dwayne Johnson and musical guest Katy Perry . The season has a reduction of ads by 30 % by removing two commercial breaks per episode in order to increase programming time . Episode 18 on April 15 , 2017 was the first episode ever to be broadcast live in all four time zones within the contiguous United States . Until this episode , the show only aired live in the Eastern and Central time zones , and was tape-delayed in the Mountain and Pacific time zones . |