[{"sentence_text": "Although their importance has been increasingly recognized, an integrated review covering sustainability, planning, and urban renewal has yet to be produced.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Furthermore , it was found that the requirement of human visual comfort was met when indoor working surface illuminance varies between 500 - 2200lx in the room with CdTe - PV window .\n", "Tasks": {"T1": "requirement of human visual comfort"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {"T2": "indoor working surface illuminance"}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Black carbon(BC) is a descriptive term that refers to light-absorbing particulate matter(PM) produced by incomplete combustion and is often used as a surrogate for traffic-related air pollution.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The suppression system was used to suppress a wood crib fire.", "Tasks": {"T10": "suppress a wood crib fire"}, "Methods": {"T11": "suppression system"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T11": "T10"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Historic homesteads can be found on a large scale in Europe and particularly in Flanders .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "One of the main disadvantages of solar chimneys is their very low efficiency.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "However, these impose a weight load and cause damage, leading to problems for the roof or the building.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "In countries such as Sweden, the application is limited despite the favorable conditions for implementation.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Architecture has always inserted itself into and interacted with the nature Environment.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Additionally , several sensitivity studies are carried out for an idealized configuration representing a compact low rise urban zone .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Optimal multiband joint detection in cognitive radio networks with the Taguchi method.", "Tasks": {"T2": "Optimal multiband joint detection"}, "Methods": {"T1": "Taguchi method"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T1": "T2"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "This paper will define an approach to simulate nature to advance a microfluidic platform as a dynamic NIR absorber for solar modulation: a transformable network of multi-microchannel geometry matrix structures for autonomous transparent surfaces, for real time flow management of conductivity.", "Tasks": {"T5": "solar modulation", "T7": "real time flow management of conductivity"}, "Methods": {"T3": "microfluidic platform", "T4": "dynamic NIR absorber", "T6": "transformable network of multi-microchannel geometry matrix structures"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T4": "T5"}, {"T3": "T5"}, {"T6": "T7"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Two optimal control loops for power minimization utilizing the method of real time optimization by extremum seeking are investigated: supply air leaving-air temperature control and capacity distribution control for two tandem compressors.", "Tasks": {"T7": "power minimization"}, "Methods": {"T6": "real time optimization by extremum seeking", "T8": "optimal control loops", "T9": "supply air leaving-air temperature control", "T10": "capacity distribution control"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T8": "T7"}, {"T6": "T7"}, {"T9": "T7"}, {"T10": "T7"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Experiments are conducted in mainland China ( excluding surrounding islands ) to detect urban areas in 2012 .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "This chapter will focus on how research has manifested new approaches to design.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "This study demonstrates that DCV has a potential for implementation in Swedish schools with minimal system modification on existing ventilation and air distribution systems.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The indoor temperature of the underground refuge chamber will rise once there is no power supplying for the traditional cooling system.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The second step is the choice of the most energy efficient technical installations for a district heating system as will be used for Schipjes .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Subsequently, local models are constructed using deep neural networks supplemented with optimization techniques to enable real-time rolling energy consumption prediction.", "Tasks": {"T15": "energy consumption prediction"}, "Methods": {"T12": "local models", "T13": "deep neural networks", "T14": "optimization techniques"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T12": "T15"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Computational simulations and physical tests were conducted to assess the ventilation capacities of various fa\u00e7ade systems, with a particular focus on settings in Bangkok, Thailand.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Accessibility planning in American metropolitan areas: Are we there yet?.", "Tasks": {"T1": "Accessibility planning"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "The framework was applied to a case study to validate a co-simulation setup for a blind automation system using monitored data from MATELab, a full-scale outdoor test facility with realistic indoor and outdoor conditions.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The goal of this study was to compare the life cycle assessments(LCAs) of white flat roofs versus red or white pitched roofs through their production(P), operational energy(OE), and maintenance to disposal(MtoD) stages.", "Tasks": {"T6": "life cycle assessments(LCAs)"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Within the framework of the Europe 2020 objectives both CO2 emission and energy use need to be reduced with 20 % by 2020 .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "It is the fastest Growing Research in the Area of Architecture.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Then, relative standard error(RSE) was computed to assess the reproducibility between different IAP paramters measured across the repeated experiments.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T5": "IAP paramters"}, "Metrics": {"T4": "relative standard error(RSE)"}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [{"T4": "T5"}], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Preparation and properties of capric-stearic acid/ White Carbon Black composite for thermal storage in building envelope.", "Tasks": {"T4": "thermal storage", "T5": "building envelope"}, "Methods": {"T2": "capric-stearic acid", "T3": "White Carbon Black composite"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T2": "T4"}, {"T2": "T5"}, {"T3": "T4"}, {"T3": "T5"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Their influences upon occupant comfort remain the primary measures for predicting productivity and satisfaction within the workplace.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Guide14 indices the model was calibrated to achieve Mean Bias Error(MBE) values within \u00b15% and Cumulative Variation of Root Mean Square Error(CV(RMSE)) values below10%.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {"T6": "Mean Bias Error(MBE)", "T7": "Cumulative Variation", "T8": "Root Mean Square Error(CV(RMSE))"}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Meeting carbon emissions targets and resource management goals necessitates urgent innovation in more energy-efficient cooling solutions.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "We present a preliminary design for the U-Design tool that promises to be a comprehensive framework for home design in its entirety: From submitting requirements for home structure preferences to working with a consultant to rent or purchase the dream home.", "Tasks": {"T7": "home design"}, "Methods": {"T6": "U-Design tool"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T6": "T7"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "According to the green building system to determine the effect index system of energy saving on the construction site.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Strategies to reduce toluene emissions and to improve indoor air quality are presented based on the results.", "Tasks": {"T6": "reduce toluene emissions", "T7": "improve indoor air quality"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "This paper gives a comprehensive review on BIM-GIS integration in sustainable built environments in order to analyse the status quo and practical applications from four viewpoints: technologies for data integration, applications in the life cycle of AEC projects, building energy management, and urban governance.", "Tasks": {"T6": "sustainable built environments"}, "Methods": {"T7": "BIM", "T8": "GIS"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T7": "T6"}, {"T8": "T6"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "A new manikin can be used to simulate heat transfer and thermal sensation of Chinese human body in moderate thermal environment .", "Tasks": {"T4": "simulate heat transfer"}, "Methods": {"T3": "manikin"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T3": "T4"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "NZEB could be even possible with electricity production if enough renewable energy could be used.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "In terms of thermodynamic performance figures, Bayburt stone cooker is observed to have considerably better energy and exergy efficiency.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "We propose an improved Joint Spatial Division and Multiplexing(JSDM) method which can be applied under the SCM model.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T2": "Joint Spatial Division and Multiplexing(JSDM) method", "T3": "SCM model"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "An adaptive residential energy management scheme in the smart home.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "A Methodology to Evaluate Accessibility to Bus Stops as a Contribution to Improve Sustainability in Urban Mobility.", "Tasks": {"T1": "Evaluate Accessibility to Bus Stops"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "This chapter deals with the analysis of the potential offered by the integration of smart solutions in dynamic glass fa\u00e7ades to improve buildings\u2019 energy performances.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Conversely, shopping centers, hotels, and hospitals, were more easily identified using taxi data.2.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Thus the utility could make a profit by forgoing energy sales to local residential customers and instead selling into the market.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Three typical modes of BIM-GIS integration, namely,  BIM leads and GIS supports ,  GIS leads and BIM supports , and  BIM and GIS are equally involved , are categorised based on the different dominant positions of the two technologies.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "It was found that(i) selection of the best roof technology(flat or pitched) requires consideration of the LCA, including the P, OE, and MtoD stages;(ii) the white(flat and pitched) roof was the best technology, while the red pitched roof was the worst technology; and(iii)", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The current study investigates the performance of DCV and mixing ventilation in a pre-occupancy field study for newly renovated classrooms in Southern Sweden.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T3": "DCV", "T4": "mixing ventilation"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "The facade contributes28% of the initial and30% of the recurring embodied energy, demonstrating that it plays not only a significant role in determining the operational consumption of a building but also its total embodied energy.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Results show that applying these retrofitting measures led to a reduction in energy use by 27 % from the baseline average energy use of 14.6 kWh / m2 yearly and was further reduced to 495 kWh when a green roof with a U - value of 0.14 W / m2 K was applied .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "While other human and environmental factors, such as air temperature and relative humidity are easily measured and collected, with the help of sensory devices, a metabolic rate varies with time, and is not easy to measure to determine an accurate thermal comfort estimation in reality.", "Tasks": {"T5": "accurate thermal comfort estimation"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Our framework is based on a conditional generative adversarial network that considers the physical form of cities to compute high-resolution spatial information of accumulated sunlight access for the different seasons of the year.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T13": "conditional generative adversarial network"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "It is theoretically proved that a global convergence of the proposed algorithm is achieved provided that the directed network is strongly connected .\n", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T2": "proposed algorithm"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "These diverse approaches can lead to different outcomes in terms of overall sustainability.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Evaluation of Pitched Roof Applied in Chinese Modern Architectural Design.", "Tasks": {"T2": "Architectural Design"}, "Methods": {"T1": "Pitched Roof"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "With the rapid rate of urbanization , outdoor thermal comfort is a growing health concern in densely - built areas .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "A series of chamber tests were conducted with23 test participants.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Its performance may be modeled by the operational principles of cell membranes and living organisms.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "This demonstrates that the efficiency of the bifacial panel in the experimental setup was enhanced by placing a reflective surface on the structure wall behind it .\n", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T4": "placing a reflective surface"}, "Metrics": {"T1": "efficiency"}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Focusing on the cracks generated around the opening, a figure and equation showing the relationship between cracks and maximum displacement was prepared.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Animal agricultural activities can be a significant source of pollutants affecting the health of farmers and neighboring communities .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "This study finds evidence that the gap between theory and practice may be closing when it comes to accessibility, but that significant barriers still exist to the wider adoption of the accessibility paradigm among metropolitan planning organisations, the main entities responsible for regional transportation planning in the USA.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "This report proposed a method to estimate the degree of earthquake damage of wooden buildings.", "Tasks": {"T1": "estimate the degree of earthquake damage"}, "Methods": {"T2": "method"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T2": "T1"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Finally , the possible combination of advanced technologies including cyber - physical system ( CPS ) in the future development future of AM in the construction industry is reviewed .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Thermo-economic analysis of solar heating and cooling systems.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Solar chimneys are devices that use solar energy to generate a hot airflow that can drive wind turbines and produce electric power.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T4": "Solar chimneys"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Radar - based vital signs detection seem to have potential in room - scale vital - signs monitoring that is independent of the subject 's lying position .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Considering the need for a fully automated tool, this study aims at filling a gap by introducing a comprehensive design that facilitates home building from inside out.", "Tasks": {"T3": "home building"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Using American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers(ASHRAE)", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The cooking activity conducted as part of our experiments was successful to consistently generate significant pollution levels(mean PM10:7110 \u03bc g m \u22123", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {"T13": "mean PM10"}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Furthermore, two cubic test rooms were built with/ without Cb-CPCM to compare thermo-regulating performance in laboratory-scale.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Results showed that well range land cover was decreased and poor range land covers have increased during study time and defragmentation has grown in the park.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Kayttajamukautuva ymparisto on konsepti joka tahtaa samanaikaisesti parempaan sisatilojen energiatehokkuuteen , mukavuuteen ja hyvinvointiin .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The homes were located in the Cincinnati-Kentucky-Indiana tristate region and measurements occurred from September2015 through August2017.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "However, it is unclear how accurately co-simulation can predict the performance of adaptive building envelopes and how the accuracy of adaptive building envelope models created in co-simulation setups can be assessed and validated.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Bio-inspired approaches are concentrated in those that try to emulate the functions of nature, followed by approaches that imitate the form of nature, biomimicry, and biomimetics being the most used approaches, leading to the development of efficient and resilient cities.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "In this study, an indoor air quality and carbon dioxide level in the main production area of a semiconductor company was assessed within an eleven-hour observation.", "Tasks": {"T3": "indoor air quality"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "A prototype, low-cost air quality monitoring device has been developed to measure the concentrations of particulate matter, ozone, and carbon monoxide at a rate of one sample per minute.", "Tasks": {"T4": "measure the concentrations of particulate matter"}, "Methods": {"T5": "air quality monitoring device"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T5": "T4"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "The results indicate that the model can be employed for further investigation with high confidence.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Research limitations / implications", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "However, one obstacle that needs to be noted in the application of biomimicry is in terms of the lack of a clear definition of the various biomimicry approaches that can be used by designers.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "This paper focuses on the use of a transformation grammar in the rehabilitation methodology as a tool for identifying and encoding the principles and rules behind the adaptation of existing houses, and on space syntax as a tool for evaluating the spatial properties of the proposed designs, both in the final layout and during the transformation.", "Tasks": {"T5": "rehabilitation methodology"}, "Methods": {"T4": "transformation grammar"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T4": "T5"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "According to the results, view and daylight are important factors for all types of housing units.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The paper first redefines the construction industrialization process in the Industry 4.0 age with reference to the industrialization process in the manufacturing industry .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "A two-stage nested ANOVA was used to determine the significant differences between the ReCiPe result of a white flat roof and the ReCiPe result of a red/ white pitched roof.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "We used measured daily energy use data(kW h/ day) from before and after the homes received energy retrofits.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T2": "energy retrofits"}, "Metrics": {"T1": "daily energy use data"}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [{"T1": "T2"}], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "For the coming years, the most promising field of experimentation will be the development of building envelopes that show their potential to adapt to specific extreme changes.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Responding to this deficiency, this study integrated multi-source big data(WeChat users \u2019 real-time location records, taxi GPS trajectories data, Points of Interest(POI) data, and building footprint data from high-resolution Quickbird images), and applied the proposed density-based method to infer the functions of urban buildings in Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China.", "Tasks": {"T5": "infer the functions of urban buildings"}, "Methods": {"T1": "density-based method", "T4": "multi-source big data"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T4": "T5"}, {"T1": "T5"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "An overview about definitions and energy-efficient measures of NZEB is presented so that the research object and technology boundary can be clarified for NZEB evaluation.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "A new flat-plate solar collector with high building integration was designed and a prototype of this collector was built.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T2": "flat-plate solar collector"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Performing transfer learning using pre-trained models avoids the need to learn the underlying data from scratch, thus saving time and resources.\n", "Tasks": {"T6": "learn the underlying data"}, "Methods": {"T1": "transfer learning", "T2": "pre-trained models"}, "Metrics": {"T4": "time"}, "USED-FOR": [{"T1": "T6"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "No single hybrid chimney-desalination configuration has yet shown itself to be the obvious choice, and further studies are required.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Following the need of urban areas to maintain the existing building stock and simultaneously upgrade the overall energy performance, the renovation down-to-nZEB state has already become a necessity.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The approach and analysis in this work can be used to determine design parameters for solar absorption cooling systems based on a proper relation among system \u2019s dimensions to achieve optimum operation.\n", "Tasks": {"T2": "design parameters", "T5": "optimum operation"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Biomimetics is an applied science that infers motivation for answer for human issues through the investigation of common plan from nature.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Several varieties of active and passive air-conditioning systems i.e. heating ventilating air-conditioning(HVAC), vapor compression air-conditioning(VCAC) conventional direct evaporative cooling(DEC) and indirect evaporative cooling(IEC) and desiccant air-conditioning(DAC) systems are under practice for the cooling and dehumidification.", "Tasks": {"T9": "cooling", "T10": "dehumidification"}, "Methods": {"T3": "passive air-conditioning systems", "T4": "heating ventilating air-conditioning(HVAC)", "T5": "vapor compression air-conditioning(VCAC)", "T6": "conventional direct evaporative cooling(DEC)", "T7": "indirect evaporative cooling(IEC)", "T8": "desiccant air-conditioning(DAC) systems"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T3": "T9"}, {"T3": "T10"}, {"T4": "T9"}, {"T4": "T10"}, {"T5": "T9"}, {"T5": "T10"}, {"T6": "T9"}, {"T6": "T10"}, {"T7": "T9"}, {"T7": "T10"}, {"T8": "T9"}, {"T8": "T10"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "The objectives of the study include analyzing biomimicry and its integration methods in architectural design as well as identifying various biomimicry approaches in architectural design.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "This article combines photovoltaic modules with air channels to form building material structures with ventilation ducts, establishes physical and mathematical models for photovoltaic roofs in three different inlet modes, and studies the flow and heat transfer characteristics inside air cooling integrated photovoltaic roofs.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Simulation capabilities and accuracy in predicting the dynamic behaviour of adaptive building envelopes can be enhanced through co-simulation.", "Tasks": {"T6": "adaptive building envelopes"}, "Methods": {"T5": "co-simulation"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T5": "T6"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Finally, the result of the experiments, with each14.3 W indoor average hourly cooling load requiring one EIP, is used in a different underground refuge chamber with a different cooling load and discrete heat sources.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Moreover, their combination can establish a comprehensive view of a built environment based on data integrated, which underpins the development and transition of the architecture, engineering and construction(AEC) industries in the digital era.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The landscape ecology as a brand new interrelated field of study presents concepts, theory and conservation methods.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Deep Umbra is available at https://urbantk.org/shadows.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Some patterns prioritized ventilation, while others optimized human comfort during extended stays.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Historically, white flat roofs have been used in Israel due to the intense solar radiation and long, hot, rainless summers.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Whereas the limitations related to the sensitivity of the geostationary sensor to fire sizes has been, at least in part, overcome by introducing specific algorithms, the reduced accuracy in the geographic localization of the fire, which can, in principle, occupy any position in an area of about16 km < sup xmlns: mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/ Math/ MathML  xmlns: xlink", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Ambient Assisted Living(AAL) describes an ICT based environment that exposes personalized and context-aware intelligent services, thus creating an appropriate experience to the end user to support independent living and improvement of the everyday quality of life of both healthy elderly and disabled people.", "Tasks": {"T3": "Ambient Assisted Living(AAL)"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Thermal behavior of a building mass can be enhanced using phase change materials(PCMs) as latent heat thermal energy storage(LHTES) materials.", "Tasks": {"T5": "Thermal behavior"}, "Methods": {"T3": "phase change materials(PCMs)", "T4": "latent heat thermal energy storage(LHTES) materials"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T3": "T5"}, {"T4": "T5"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Microalgal green roofs also enhance air quality, oxygen production, acoustic isolation, sunlight absorption, and biomass production.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Using the replica frame as a target, the user can select which stained glass windows they would like to view in the AR application.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "This study examines the virtual implementation of the SmartWall as a \u201cPlug-n-Play\u201d renovation solution to reach the nZEB state of a typical apartment in a multi-family residence in Athens.", "Tasks": {"T4": "Plug-n-Play\u201d renovation"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "The complexity of achieving sustainable urban renewal is emphasized and discussed.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Therefore, this study investigated the potential use of Deep Learning algorithm to accurately estimate the metabolic rate for a better thermal comfort estimation.", "Tasks": {"T7": "estimate the metabolic rate", "T8": "thermal comfort estimation"}, "Methods": {"T6": "Deep Learning algorithm"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T6": "T7"}, {"T6": "T8"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "The most common tool for evaluating comfort is PMV index, non-linear combination of indoor environment state variables.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {"T5": "PMV index"}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "The need to reduce energy consumption due to , e.g. , environmental reasons has been a hot topic for decades .", "Tasks": {"T3": "reduce energy consumption"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "A co - simulation strategy is used to communicate the MPC control developed in Matlab platform with the case building model in EnergyPlus .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "A hybrid air conditioning device with silica-gel desiccant wheel is installed in the laboratories of the Universita degli Studi del Sannio(Benevento, Italy), and currently operate coupled with a microcogenerator and a natural gas boiler.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T5": "silica-gel desiccant wheel"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Energy refurbishment of a University building in cold Italian backcountry .", "Tasks": {"T3": "Energy refurbishment"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Recyclability of products can be taken into account as early as at the design stage .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Second, the methods and the tools that are used for these diverse planning tasks are mapped to the suggested generic planning procedure tasks.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The design implementation based on using Arduino UNO micro-controller, and ACS712 current sensor which measures the alternating current(AC) drawn by an appliance, and XBee transceiver which provides wireless communication with the coordinator node.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T5": "Arduino UNO micro-controller", "T6": "ACS712 current sensor", "T7": "XBee transceiver"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Using the measured data, the theoretical values of the ventilation rates are estimated and analysed to assess the performance of the wind tower.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "A sensitivity study on the effect of urban density reveals that higher urban concentration can favourably impact thermal comfort in warm climates due to the increased shading , despite the associated increase in air temperature and building energy consumption .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Design and test of electronic controlled flexible clutch system for public transportation vehicles .", "Tasks": {"T1": "public transportation"}, "Methods": {"T2": "electronic controlled flexible clutch system"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T2": "T1"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Accessibility of bus stops becomes, then, pivotal in increasing both attractiveness and sustainability of public transport.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "An overview of the use of solar chimneys for desalination.", "Tasks": {"T1": "desalination"}, "Methods": {"T2": "solar chimneys"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T2": "T1"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "This research uses the perimeter of urban areas to estimate urban rugosity .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {"T4": "urban rugosity"}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Sunlight and shadow play critical roles in how urban spaces are utilized, thrive, and grow.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Research objective is to analyze the possibility of innovation in the field of adaptive fa\u00e7ades through the definition of a new adaptive model, which can be applied to curtain wall systems to adapt in a reversible and controllable manner to specific external stresses.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Past research demonstrated the viability of parking crowd-sensing by means of the standard on-board sensors of probe vehicles, foreseeing the use of high-mileage vehicles, like taxis.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T5": "parking crowd-sensing", "T6": "on-board sensors"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Electricity consumption in public buildings , including administrative , educational , and healthcare - related buildings , is 9 % \u2013 the second largest category after residential buildings at 40 % .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The implementation and application of diffused ceiling ventilation(DCV) is gradually gaining momentum, especially in Denmark, Finland, and the Netherlands.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T2": "diffused ceiling ventilation(DCV)"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "This may be due to the difficulties associated with randomly assigning students and staff to specific settings and problems associated with accounting for the complex intervening variables that come to play within the educative experience(Byers, Imms& Hartnell-Young,2014).", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Refrigerant leakage detection in an EEV installed residential air conditioner with limited sensor installations.", "Tasks": {"T2": "Refrigerant leakage detection"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "At the current rate of development in the industry , protecting the global environment is a priority .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "This paper investigates the translation of morphological features from elephant skin to building facades, optimizing their inherent cooling capabilities through computational design using evolutionary algorithms.", "Tasks": {"T15": "computational design"}, "Methods": {"T16": "evolutionary algorithms"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T16": "T15"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Five different scenarios or combinations of heat production and distribution systems are developed as input options for future research simulations and energetic equations in Modelica .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "In current times, digital design tools and methods are rapidly evolving continuously introducing deeper integration of Artificial Intelligence and machine learning dominance over the architectural design and construction realm, stressing practitioners and theorists to master these emerging new tools whenever they exist.", "Tasks": {"T3": "architectural design"}, "Methods": {"T1": "Artificial Intelligence", "T2": "machine learning"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T1": "T3"}, {"T2": "T3"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "It is designed to work under different environmental conditions, substrates and applications.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The performed analyzes showed that the desiccant-based air handling unit fed with a renewable energy source such as solar energy can advantageously replace a conventional air conditioning systems equipped with electrically-driven vapor compression cooling units if only energy and environmental performance are taken into account.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Our assessment concludes that two critical steps are necessary to develop predictive measures to insure comfort sufficiency in new and especially retrofit buildings:1) Because occupants are exposed to multiple factors simultaneously we speculate that the weighted value of the interrelationships of these influences are the critically important factor required to develop articulate sensitivity in simulation schedules; and2) Because most of the decisions regarding economic investments(especially in repurposing and retrofit design) continue to be made based on the first cost systems replacement rather than on a cohesive model of comfort sufficiency that inclusively embraces both energy efficiency and attaining a high level of environmental quality.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Different Fa\u00e7ade Types and Building Integration in Energy Efficient Building Design Strategies.", "Tasks": {"T2": "Energy Efficient Building Design"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "We then use regression-tree analysis to determine the characteristics of metropolitan areas that are most likely to employ accessibility concepts.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T2": "regression-tree analysis"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "The user - adaptive environment is a concept that aims at improved indoor energy efficiency , indoor comfort and well - being .", "Tasks": {"T4": "indoor energy efficiency"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the weight of factors such as fa\u00e7ade orientation, view, floor location, and daylight access that affect the value of the housing unit, and to measure whether the weights of these factors change depending on the users of the different types of housing units.", "Tasks": {"T3": "value of the housing unit"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "To provide insight into expected results according to both methodologies, estimation for individual case with constant environmental conditions is given.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Two air scrubbers were mounted in a barn occupied with 515 pigs .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Through leaf maximisation of daylight capture, the total leaf area density and angular distribution of leaf surfaces define the tree structure.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "With the help of a wearable sensor, a user's heart rate was also measured to estimate a metabolic rate.", "Tasks": {"T11": "estimate a metabolic rate"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "This approach provides mutual benefits between humans and nature and should be a future agenda.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "An IoT based intelligent building management system for ambient assisted living.", "Tasks": {"T1": "ambient assisted living"}, "Methods": {"T2": "IoT"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T2": "T1"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Typically used to estimate the topography of complex ecosystems , rugosity is an important edge proxy and provides simple correlates for total ecosystem metabolism , growth , and resilience .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Moreover , the case study represents a situation where all FM services are provided by one service provider .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "This study provides an in-depth analysis of how assembly, texture depth, and orientation impact thermal performance, enabling the design of more effective passive cooling systems through an understanding of the relationship between morphological variations in textured surfaces and environmental performance.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The results also proved that green roofs provide acceptable indoor thermal performance with respect to the other conventional roofs while re-establishing the relationship between human and environment, which have been destroyed due to the rapid urbanization.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Polluted indoor conditions were generated by pan frying fish samples in a closed room.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "In this paper a set of two calibrated environmental sensors together with a weather station are deployed in a5-storey office building to examine the accuracy of an EnergyPlus virtual building model.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T5": "EnergyPlus virtual building model"}, "Metrics": {"T13": "accuracy"}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [{"T13": "T5"}], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Vibration suppressive control of flexible-joint space manipulators based on Legendre pseudospectral method.", "Tasks": {"T2": "Vibration suppressive control"}, "Methods": {"T1": "Legendre pseudospectral method"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Originality / value The study contributes to the discussion on the role of FM in climate change .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Such a frequency meets the requirements of the institutions involved in contrasting the fire events and could provide information on the temporal behavior of the fire(through Fire Radiative Power, FRP) and the spatial distribution of the events with the related hazard for the population and infrastructure when more occurrences are simultaneously present.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Finally, we identify barriers to a wider adoption of the accessibility paradigm.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The semi-transparent solar cell exhibits good see-through properties at a high average visible transmittance of50.8%, with power conversion efficiency", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {"T2": "average visible transmittance", "T3": "power conversion efficiency"}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "We also evaluated the financial benefits of the flexibility service in an incentive program from a Canadian utility; an economic return of over $40,000 per winter was obtained for the building cluster.\n", "Tasks": {"T2": "flexibility service"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {"T1": "financial benefits", "T5": "$40,000 per winter"}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "The contemporary point towers with irregular fa\u00e7ade surfaces show a larger fraction of fa\u00e7ade BIPV electricity generation per floor area, exceeding the share of electricity produced on rooftops.\n", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {"T3": "BIPV electricity generation", "T4": "floor area"}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "This study has been designed to manage ELTs massive waste by experiment .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Information about the functions of urban buildings is helpful not only for developing a better understanding of how cities work, but also for establishing a basis for policy makers to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of urban planning.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Experimental Investigation of the BIPV System under \u015eanl\u0131urfa Meteorological Conditions.\n", "Tasks": {"T1": "Experimental Investigation"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "A transformation-grammar-based methodology for the adaptation of existing housetypes: the case of the \u2018 rabo-de-bacalhau \u2019.", "Tasks": {"T1": "adaptation of existing housetypes"}, "Methods": {"T2": "transformation-grammar-based methodology"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T2": "T1"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Methodology.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The performances of this system were calculated for various solar collector configurations as number and position of water pipes, air layer thickness, thermal insulation thickness \u2026 Three solar fractions are defined and used in the optimization procedure.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Predicting outdoor thermal comfort in urban environments : A 3D numerical model for standard effective temperature .", "Tasks": {"T2": "Predicting outdoor thermal comfort"}, "Methods": {"T1": "3D numerical model"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T1": "T2"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Hence ELT created a massive waste in management system which intern modified our environment .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Additionally, we contribute a set of case studies and a comprehensive dataset with sunlight access information for more than 100 cities across six continents of the world.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Through using the method of combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, to quantify the qualitative indicators in the evaluation of energy saving, and make quantitative analysis and energysaving evaluation.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "A comprehensive literature review is conducted to provide a picture of the current state of the art in facades and their servitization.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The validation results show that the model can predict room temperature and CO2 concentration by0.8%, and2.4% mean absolute average errors, respectively.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T12": "model"}, "Metrics": {"T13": "mean absolute average errors"}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [{"T13": "T12"}], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "The implemented experimentations showed that the performances of this solar collector can be improved.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Analyses of input data for material selection have been conducted , the training file and neural network models have been developed , and the models have been assessed .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "That is, the control system parameters and objective functions are adapted/ reconfigured in the presence of a fault or performance deviation by means of an intermediate reconfigurable control layer.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Replacing standard double air filled glazing, U value of2.85 Wm-2K-1, with vacuum insulated glazing, U value of approximately0.8 Wm-2K-1, reduces the heat loss by more than three times and reduces the frame thickness due to the thinness of vacuum insulated glazing(8.15 mm) as illustrated in Fig.1.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T3": "double air filled glazing", "T4": "vacuum insulated glazing"}, "Metrics": {"T5": "U value", "T6": "U value"}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [{"T5": "T3"}, {"T6": "T4"}], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "A Microalgae Photobioreactor System for Indoor Air Remediation: Empirical Examination of the CO2 Absorption Performance of Spirulina maxima in a NaHCO3-Reduced Medium.", "Tasks": {"T1": "Indoor Air Remediation", "T3": "CO2 Absorption Performance"}, "Methods": {"T2": "Microalgae Photobioreactor System"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T2": "T1"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "To quantify the thermal performance and energy efficiency of green roofs an experimental investigation was done in residential buildings of Madurai, Tamilnadu, India.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T10": "green roofs"}, "Metrics": {"T8": "thermal performance", "T9": "energy efficiency"}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [{"T8": "T10"}, {"T9": "T10"}], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "They also underline that the development and implementation of digital based technologies can boost the application of such industrialized concepts.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "This highlights the kinetic fa\u00e7ade\u2019s potential to rapidly expel airborne particles from indoor spaces, outperforming traditional fa\u00e7ades.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "As there are risks and economic disadvantages involved in using manual workers for this work, Robot Systems have recently been introduced as an alternative means.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The built environment faces significant challenges in managing energy demands amidst rising temperatures and increasing concerns linked to climate change.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "This study found that males showed higher MET than females, and the high BMI group generated higher MET than the low BMI group.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Smart Parking: Using a Crowd of Taxis to Sense On-Street Parking Space Availability.", "Tasks": {"T3": "Sense On-Street Parking Space Availability"}, "Methods": {"T1": "Smart Parking", "T2": "Crowd of Taxis"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T2": "T3"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "A review of recent studies on sustainable urban renewal.", "Tasks": {"T1": "sustainable urban renewal"}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Application of vacuum technology: Vacuum insulated glazing-improving the energy efficiency of buildings.", "Tasks": {"T2": "energy efficiency"}, "Methods": {"T1": "Vacuum insulated glazing"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [{"T1": "T2"}], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Most of the studies available in the literature focus on numerical simulations, evaluating several possibilities to increase the overall performance and the utilization efficiency of solar energy.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "This advances transparent facades into an energy system for heat load modulation nested to climate and solar exposure, which is demonstrated in this paper.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The results show that material characteristics have impact on peak concentrations, times when the peak appears, and decay rates in the course of time.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "Designed the DMT control circuit and used the PID control of exciting current .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "This is followed up by field research aimed at assessing the practices of facade construction and maintenance in Santiago de Chile.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "SmartWall.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The LHTES characteristics of the produced Cb-CPCM were determined by DSC analysis.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {"T15": "DSC analysis"}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "true"}, {"sentence_text": "Example analysis shows that the evaluation results can be more objective and comprehensive to reflect energysaving condition of the construction enterprises during the process of construction management.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "We found CO2 was reduced by ~55%, in an air chamber of0.064 m3, showing the greatest mitigation rate(~20%) on Day4.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The Review of Achievement by the use of biomimetic Architecture could make easier for understanding relation between biomimetic ecosystem and the built environment and therefore contribute to environmental sustainability.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "The spraying system reduced the germs and fungal spore concentrations by 14 and 58 % , respectively .", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}, {"sentence_text": "This investigation employs three methods: literature review, field research, and computer modeling.", "Tasks": {}, "Methods": {}, "Metrics": {}, "USED-FOR": [], "EVALUATE-FOR": [], "relevant": "false"}]