context: It is probably not the case that Mary left the football. It is probably not the case that Greg is a rhino. It is highly unlikely that Jessica is a cat. There is a very good chance that if either 'Mary left the football' or 'Greg is a rhino' but not both then Brian is a frog. There is almost no chance that if 'Greg is a rhino' or 'Jessica is a cat' or both then John got the apple. There is a better than even chance that if 'Mary left the football and Jessica is a cat' then Bernhard is a swan.
hypothesis: There is almost no chance that 'Mary left the football and Jessica is a cat'.
valid_hypothesis: There is almost no chance that 'Mary left the football and Jessica is a cat'.
invalid_hypothesis: We believe that 'Mary left the football and Jessica is a cat'.
problog: 
    and(A,B) :- A,B.
    or(A,B) :- A;B.
    nand(A,B) :- not(and(A,B)).
    nor(A,B) :- not(or(A,B)).
    xor(A,B) :- or(A,B), nand(A,B).
  
    %hop0
    0.25::factA.
    0.25::factB.
    0.05::factC.
    %hop1
    0.8::factX:-xor(factA,factB).
    0.02::factY:-or(factB,factC).
    0.6::factZ:-and(factA,factC).
  
    %hop2
    conclusion:-and(factA,factC).
  
    query(conclusion).
    
hypothesis_assertion: 'Mary left the football and Jessica is a cat'.