context: It is almost certain that Brian is a rhino. It is unlikely that John took the apple. It is probably the case that Julius is a frog. There is almost no chance that if 'John took the apple' or 'Brian is a rhino' or both then Bill went to the office. There is a very good chance that if 'Brian is a rhino and John took the apple' then Jessica is a mouse. We doubt that if 'John took the apple' or 'Brian is a rhino' or both then Emily is a cat.
hypothesis: It is improbable that 'Jessica is a mouse' or 'Brian is a rhino' or both.
valid_hypothesis: It is almost certain that 'Jessica is a mouse' or 'Brian is a rhino' or both.
invalid_hypothesis: It is improbable that 'Jessica is a mouse' or 'Brian is a rhino' or both.
problog: 
    and(A,B) :- A,B.
    or(A,B) :- A;B.
    nand(A,B) :- not(and(A,B)).
    nor(A,B) :- not(or(A,B)).
    xor(A,B) :- or(A,B), nand(A,B).
  
    %hop0
    0.95::factA.
    0.2::factB.
    0.7::factC.
    %hop1
    0.02::factX:-or(factB,factA).
    0.8::factY:-and(factA,factB).
    0.2::factZ:-or(factB,factA).
  
    %hop2
    conclusion:-or(factY,factA).
  
    query(conclusion).
    
hypothesis_assertion: 'Jessica is a mouse' or 'Brian is a rhino' or both.