context: There is a better than even chance that Emily is a cat. It is highly likely that Brian is a lion. It is highly likely that Mary went to the office. It is unlikely that if 'Mary went to the office and Brian is a lion' then Julius is yellow. It is highly likely that if 'Mary went to the office' or 'Brian is a lion' or both then Lily is a frog. There is little chance that if 'Brian is a lion' or 'Mary went to the office' or both then Bernhard is green.
hypothesis: Chances are about even that 'Brian is a lion and Emily is a cat'.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that 'Brian is a lion and Emily is a cat'.
invalid_hypothesis: It is almost certain that 'Brian is a lion and Emily is a cat'.
problog: 
    and(A,B) :- A,B.
    or(A,B) :- A;B.
    nand(A,B) :- not(and(A,B)).
    nor(A,B) :- not(or(A,B)).
    xor(A,B) :- or(A,B), nand(A,B).
  
    %hop0
    0.6::factA.
    0.9::factB.
    0.9::factC.
    %hop1
    0.2::factX:-and(factC,factB).
    0.9::factY:-or(factC,factB).
    0.1::factZ:-or(factB,factC).
  
    %hop2
    conclusion:-and(factB,factA).
  
    query(conclusion).
    
hypothesis_assertion: 'Brian is a lion and Emily is a cat'.