context: It is highly likely that Greg is gray. There is a very good chance that Bernhard is white. It is certain that Daniel took the football. It is unlikely that if Daniel took the football, and Bernhard is white, then Gertrude is a mouse. We believe that if Greg is gray, and Bernhard is white, then Brian is a frog. There is almost no chance that if Greg is gray, and Bernhard is white, then Sandra left the milk.
hypothesis: Chances are about even that either Sandra left the milk, or Brian is a frog.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that either Sandra left the milk, or Brian is a frog.
invalid_hypothesis: It is almost certain that either Sandra left the milk, or Brian is a frog.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Sandra left the milk, or Brian is a frog.