context: It is highly likely that Fred left the football. It is certain that Bernhard is a lion. It is highly unlikely that Brian is yellow. It is probably the case that if either Brian is yellow, or Bernhard is a lion, then Mary went to the kitchen. It is almost certain that if Fred left the football, or Bernhard is a lion, then Greg is a frog. There is little chance that if Fred left the football, or Bernhard is a lion, then John discarded the apple.
hypothesis: It is improbable that john discarded the apple, and Fred left the football.
valid_hypothesis: It is improbable that john discarded the apple, and Fred left the football.
invalid_hypothesis: It is highly likely that john discarded the apple, and Fred left the football.
hypothesis_assertion: John discarded the apple, and Fred left the football.