context: It is likely that John picked up the milk. It is probably the case that Lily is a lion. It is likely that Mary took the apple. It is probably the case that if Mary took the apple, and John picked up the milk, then Greg is gray. It is highly likely that if Mary took the apple, and Lily is a lion, then Bernhard is a frog. It is certain that if Lily is a lion, or Mary took the apple, then Julius is white.
hypothesis: There is a very good chance that either Lily is a lion, or Julius is white.
valid_hypothesis: We doubt that either Lily is a lion, or Julius is white.
invalid_hypothesis: There is a very good chance that either Lily is a lion, or Julius is white.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Lily is a lion, or Julius is white.