context: There is a very good chance that Bernhard is a swan. Chances are about even that Emily is a mouse. It is almost certain that Fred went to the cinema. We believe that if Emily is a mouse, or Fred went to the cinema, then John got the apple. It is unlikely that if either Emily is a mouse, or Fred went to the cinema, then Julius is a frog. There is a better than even chance that if either Bernhard is a swan, or Emily is a mouse, then Bill is in the kitchen.
hypothesis: It is almost certain that john got the apple, or Bernhard is a swan.
valid_hypothesis: It is almost certain that john got the apple, or Bernhard is a swan.
invalid_hypothesis: It is impossible that john got the apple, or Bernhard is a swan.
hypothesis_assertion: John got the apple, or Bernhard is a swan.