context: It is almost certain that Greg is a rhino. We believe that Fred is in the kitchen. Chances are about even that Winona is a wolf. It is highly unlikely that if Greg is a rhino, or Fred is in the kitchen, then Bernhard is a lion. There is a very good chance that if either Greg is a rhino, or Fred is in the kitchen, then Emily is a cat. There is a very good chance that if either Greg is a rhino, or Fred is in the kitchen, then John went to the hallway.
hypothesis: It is improbable that winona is a wolf, and Emily is a cat.
valid_hypothesis: It is improbable that winona is a wolf, and Emily is a cat.
invalid_hypothesis: It is highly likely that winona is a wolf, and Emily is a cat.
hypothesis_assertion: Winona is a wolf, and Emily is a cat.