context: It is highly unlikely that Greg is a lion. We believe that Jeff discarded the apple. There is a better than even chance that John went to the office. It is impossible that if John went to the office, or Jeff discarded the apple, then Julius is green. It is highly likely that if either John went to the office, or Greg is a lion, then Bernhard is a frog. It is probably the case that if John went to the office, and Greg is a lion, then Brian is yellow.
hypothesis: There is a very good chance that greg is a lion, and Bernhard is a frog.
valid_hypothesis: There is almost no chance that greg is a lion, and Bernhard is a frog.
invalid_hypothesis: There is a very good chance that greg is a lion, and Bernhard is a frog.
hypothesis_assertion: Greg is a lion, and Bernhard is a frog.