context: It is likely that John left the apple. We doubt that Mary went to the bedroom. There is a very good chance that Lily is a frog. It is likely that if either Mary went to the bedroom, or Lily is a frog, then Greg is white. Chances are about even that if John left the apple, and Lily is a frog, then Jessica is a sheep. It is highly likely that if John left the apple, or Lily is a frog, then Bernhard is a rhino.
hypothesis: It is certain that either Greg is white, or Jessica is a sheep.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that either Greg is white, or Jessica is a sheep.
invalid_hypothesis: It is certain that either Greg is white, or Jessica is a sheep.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Greg is white, or Jessica is a sheep.