context: It is likely that Daniel got the football. We believe that Julius is a swan. There is a better than even chance that Bill is in the school. It is certain that if Daniel got the football, and Julius is a swan, then Gertrude is a mouse. It is probable that if Julius is a swan, or Bill is in the school, then Sandra took the milk. We doubt that if either Bill is in the school, or Daniel got the football, then Greg is gray.
hypothesis: It is highly unlikely that sandra took the milk, and Greg is gray.
valid_hypothesis: It is highly unlikely that sandra took the milk, and Greg is gray.
invalid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that sandra took the milk, and Greg is gray.
hypothesis_assertion: Sandra took the milk, and Greg is gray.