context: It is almost certain that Lily is gray. There is a very good chance that John went to the hallway. It is likely that Bernhard is a frog. There is almost no chance that if Lily is gray, or John went to the hallway, then Mary is in the school. Chances are slight that if either Lily is gray, or John went to the hallway, then Brian is a rhino. There is a very good chance that if Bernhard is a frog, or John went to the hallway, then Julius is a swan.
hypothesis: Chances are slight that julius is a swan, and Bernhard is a frog.
valid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that julius is a swan, and Bernhard is a frog.
invalid_hypothesis: Chances are slight that julius is a swan, and Bernhard is a frog.
hypothesis_assertion: Julius is a swan, and Bernhard is a frog.