context: Chances are about even that John left the apple. It is unlikely that Bernhard is green. There is a better than even chance that Lily is a lion. It is highly likely that if Bernhard is green, or John left the apple, then Fred is in the school. There is a very good chance that if John left the apple, and Bernhard is green, then Greg is a swan. We doubt that if Bernhard is green, or Lily is a lion, then Julius is white.
hypothesis: It is highly unlikely that bernhard is green, and Julius is white.
valid_hypothesis: It is highly unlikely that bernhard is green, and Julius is white.
invalid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that bernhard is green, and Julius is white.
hypothesis_assertion: Bernhard is green, and Julius is white.