context: It is highly unlikely that Fred dropped the apple. It is probably the case that Julius is a frog. There is almost no chance that Brian is green. We doubt that if Julius is a frog, or Brian is green, then Gertrude is a cat. It is almost certain that if Brian is green, or Fred dropped the apple, then John picked up the apple. We doubt that if Brian is green, and Julius is a frog, then Mary moved to the garden.
hypothesis: It is certain that brian is green, and Julius is a frog.
valid_hypothesis: There is almost no chance that brian is green, and Julius is a frog.
invalid_hypothesis: It is certain that brian is green, and Julius is a frog.
hypothesis_assertion: Brian is green, and Julius is a frog.