context: It is highly unlikely that Bernhard is a frog. There is a better than even chance that Greg is a frog. It is highly likely that Brian is gray. It is highly unlikely that if Bernhard is a frog, and Greg is a frog, then Sandra got the football. Chances are about even that if either Bernhard is a frog, or Greg is a frog, then Mary picked up the apple. There is a better than even chance that if Bernhard is a frog, and Brian is gray, then Julius is white.
hypothesis: It is improbable that either Bernhard is a frog, or Greg is a frog.
valid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that either Bernhard is a frog, or Greg is a frog.
invalid_hypothesis: It is improbable that either Bernhard is a frog, or Greg is a frog.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Bernhard is a frog, or Greg is a frog.