context: We doubt that Brian is green. There is little chance that Lily is white. It is probably the case that Sandra left the football. It is unlikely that if Brian is green, or Lily is white, then Gertrude is a mouse. There is a better than even chance that if Brian is green, or Sandra left the football, then Mary went to the office. There is a better than even chance that if Sandra left the football, and Brian is green, then Bernhard is a swan.
hypothesis: Chances are about even that either Bernhard is a swan, or Mary went to the office.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that either Bernhard is a swan, or Mary went to the office.
invalid_hypothesis: It is certain that either Bernhard is a swan, or Mary went to the office.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Bernhard is a swan, or Mary went to the office.