context: There is a very good chance that John took the apple. Chances are about even that Fred went to the hallway. It is improbable that Gertrude is a wolf. Chances are about even that if Gertrude is a wolf, or Fred went to the hallway, then Mary is in the cinema. Chances are slight that if John took the apple, and Fred went to the hallway, then Greg is white. There is a very good chance that if John took the apple, or Gertrude is a wolf, then Julius is a frog.
hypothesis: It is probably not the case that either John took the apple, or Gertrude is a wolf.
valid_hypothesis: We believe that either John took the apple, or Gertrude is a wolf.
invalid_hypothesis: It is probably not the case that either John took the apple, or Gertrude is a wolf.
hypothesis_assertion: Either John took the apple, or Gertrude is a wolf.