context: There is a very good chance that Brian is a frog. There is a better than even chance that Julius is yellow. It is likely that Emily is a mouse. It is unlikely that if Julius is yellow, or Emily is a mouse, then Daniel took the football. There is almost no chance that if either Julius is yellow, or Emily is a mouse, then Mary moved to the garden. It is almost certain that if Julius is yellow, and Brian is a frog, then Bernhard is gray.
hypothesis: It is almost certain that brian is a frog, and Bernhard is gray.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that brian is a frog, and Bernhard is gray.
invalid_hypothesis: It is almost certain that brian is a frog, and Bernhard is gray.
hypothesis_assertion: Brian is a frog, and Bernhard is gray.