context: There is little chance that Brian is gray. We doubt that Lily is a swan. There is a very good chance that John discarded the apple. It is highly likely that if Lily is a swan, and John discarded the apple, then Julius is a rhino. There is a very good chance that if either Lily is a swan, or John discarded the apple, then Mary went to the bedroom. There is a better than even chance that if Lily is a swan, and John discarded the apple, then Winona is a mouse.
hypothesis: We believe that either John discarded the apple, or Brian is gray.
valid_hypothesis: We believe that either John discarded the apple, or Brian is gray.
invalid_hypothesis: There is almost no chance that either John discarded the apple, or Brian is gray.
hypothesis_assertion: Either John discarded the apple, or Brian is gray.