context: Chances are slight that Gertrude is a wolf. It is unlikely that Brian is a frog. It is certain that Lily is gray. It is highly unlikely that if Brian is a frog, and Lily is gray, then Bernhard is a lion. There is almost no chance that if either Gertrude is a wolf, or Lily is gray, then Emily is a cat. It is likely that if Brian is a frog, and Lily is gray, then Julius is a rhino.
hypothesis: There is almost no chance that gertrude is a wolf, and Brian is a frog.
valid_hypothesis: There is almost no chance that gertrude is a wolf, and Brian is a frog.
invalid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that gertrude is a wolf, and Brian is a frog.
hypothesis_assertion: Gertrude is a wolf, and Brian is a frog.