context: It is almost certain that Gertrude is a cat. It is certain that Bernhard is yellow. It is unlikely that Daniel left the apple. It is impossible that if Bernhard is yellow, or Daniel left the apple, then Julius is white. It is impossible that if Daniel left the apple, and Gertrude is a cat, then Mary went to the hallway. There is a very good chance that if either Daniel left the apple, or Gertrude is a cat, then Brian is a frog.
hypothesis: It is impossible that gertrude is a cat, and Julius is white.
valid_hypothesis: It is impossible that gertrude is a cat, and Julius is white.
invalid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that gertrude is a cat, and Julius is white.
hypothesis_assertion: Gertrude is a cat, and Julius is white.