context: It is impossible that Bernhard is yellow. There is a very good chance that Lily is a frog. It is probable that Brian is green. Chances are about even that if Brian is green, or Lily is a frog, then Greg is gray. We believe that if Brian is green, and Lily is a frog, then Julius is a rhino. There is a better than even chance that if Bernhard is yellow, or Brian is green, then Mary left the apple.
hypothesis: It is almost certain that mary left the apple, and Brian is green.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that mary left the apple, and Brian is green.
invalid_hypothesis: It is almost certain that mary left the apple, and Brian is green.
hypothesis_assertion: Mary left the apple, and Brian is green.