context: It is probably not the case that John picked up the apple. It is certain that Fred dropped the apple. There is a better than even chance that Julius is a rhino. We doubt that if John picked up the apple, or Fred dropped the apple, then Daniel took the football. There is little chance that if John picked up the apple, or Fred dropped the apple, then Emily is a mouse. It is improbable that if Fred dropped the apple, and Julius is a rhino, then Greg is white.
hypothesis: It is almost certain that julius is a rhino, and John picked up the apple.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are slight that julius is a rhino, and John picked up the apple.
invalid_hypothesis: It is almost certain that julius is a rhino, and John picked up the apple.
hypothesis_assertion: Julius is a rhino, and John picked up the apple.