context: Chances are slight that Julius is a swan. It is likely that Brian is a lion. Chances are slight that Mary dropped the apple. There is a better than even chance that if either Mary dropped the apple, or Brian is a lion, then Fred is in the bedroom. There is a better than even chance that if Brian is a lion, and Julius is a swan, then Lily is a frog. There is almost no chance that if Brian is a lion, and Julius is a swan, then John took the apple.
hypothesis: We doubt that mary dropped the apple, or Julius is a swan.
valid_hypothesis: We doubt that mary dropped the apple, or Julius is a swan.
invalid_hypothesis: It is almost certain that mary dropped the apple, or Julius is a swan.
hypothesis_assertion: Mary dropped the apple, or Julius is a swan.