context: It is almost certain that John left the apple. We doubt that Fred went to the cinema. It is probably not the case that Brian is a rhino. It is highly likely that if John left the apple, and Brian is a rhino, then Mary got the football. There is a very good chance that if Brian is a rhino, or Fred went to the cinema, then Greg is green. It is probable that if either Brian is a rhino, or Fred went to the cinema, then Bernhard is a lion.
hypothesis: There is a very good chance that john left the apple, and Bernhard is a lion.
valid_hypothesis: It is probably not the case that john left the apple, and Bernhard is a lion.
invalid_hypothesis: There is a very good chance that john left the apple, and Bernhard is a lion.
hypothesis_assertion: John left the apple, and Bernhard is a lion.