context: There is little chance that Brian is a frog. We believe that Greg is gray. It is highly likely that Mary dropped the apple. There is a very good chance that if Mary dropped the apple, and Brian is a frog, then Julie is in the bedroom. We doubt that if either Greg is gray, or Brian is a frog, then Sandra took the football. There is a better than even chance that if Mary dropped the apple, and Brian is a frog, then Bernhard is a lion.
hypothesis: It is likely that either Bernhard is a lion, or Sandra took the football.
valid_hypothesis: It is unlikely that either Bernhard is a lion, or Sandra took the football.
invalid_hypothesis: It is likely that either Bernhard is a lion, or Sandra took the football.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Bernhard is a lion, or Sandra took the football.