context: We believe that Bernhard is a swan. It is likely that Greg is yellow. It is almost certain that Julius is green. There is a better than even chance that if Julius is green, and Bernhard is a swan, then Sandra left the apple. Chances are about even that if Bernhard is a swan, or Greg is yellow, then John went to the kitchen. It is highly unlikely that if Greg is yellow, and Julius is green, then Bill is in the school.
hypothesis: It is probable that bernhard is a swan, and Julius is green.
valid_hypothesis: It is probable that bernhard is a swan, and Julius is green.
invalid_hypothesis: We doubt that bernhard is a swan, and Julius is green.
hypothesis_assertion: Bernhard is a swan, and Julius is green.