context: We believe that Emily is a sheep. There is almost no chance that Lily is yellow. It is unlikely that Mary is in the garden. It is likely that if Emily is a sheep, and Lily is yellow, then John put down the apple. Chances are slight that if Mary is in the garden, or Emily is a sheep, then Winona is a wolf. It is unlikely that if Mary is in the garden, and Lily is yellow, then Bernhard is a swan.
hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that emily is a sheep, and John put down the apple.
valid_hypothesis: There is almost no chance that emily is a sheep, and John put down the apple.
invalid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that emily is a sheep, and John put down the apple.
hypothesis_assertion: Emily is a sheep, and John put down the apple.