context: It is probable that Julius is gray. It is almost certain that Brian is a lion. It is almost certain that John went to the garden. Chances are slight that if either John went to the garden, or Julius is gray, then Fred left the milk. It is probably the case that if either Julius is gray, or John went to the garden, then Mary moved to the office. Chances are about even that if either Julius is gray, or John went to the garden, then Bernhard is white.
hypothesis: We believe that either Brian is a lion, or Julius is gray.
valid_hypothesis: It is probably not the case that either Brian is a lion, or Julius is gray.
invalid_hypothesis: We believe that either Brian is a lion, or Julius is gray.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Brian is a lion, or Julius is gray.