context: Chances are slight that Julius is gray. There is almost no chance that Brian is yellow. It is certain that John went to the garden. Chances are about even that if Brian is yellow, or John went to the garden, then Greg is a swan. It is probably not the case that if either John went to the garden, or Julius is gray, then Bernhard is a lion. We believe that if either Julius is gray, or John went to the garden, then Lily is a rhino.
hypothesis: It is improbable that julius is gray, and John went to the garden.
valid_hypothesis: It is improbable that julius is gray, and John went to the garden.
invalid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that julius is gray, and John went to the garden.
hypothesis_assertion: Julius is gray, and John went to the garden.