context: It is unlikely that John took the apple. It is probably not the case that Bernhard is a frog. We believe that Fred is in the bedroom. It is unlikely that if Fred is in the bedroom, or John took the apple, then Bill left the milk. There is a better than even chance that if John took the apple, or Bernhard is a frog, then Brian is green. Chances are slight that if John took the apple, and Bernhard is a frog, then Winona is a wolf.
hypothesis: We doubt that either Brian is green, or John took the apple.
valid_hypothesis: We doubt that either Brian is green, or John took the apple.
invalid_hypothesis: It is likely that either Brian is green, or John took the apple.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Brian is green, or John took the apple.