context: There is a very good chance that Bernhard is a lion. It is likely that Mary went to the kitchen. It is probable that Sandra got the apple. It is improbable that if either Sandra got the apple, or Mary went to the kitchen, then Julius is a lion. It is unlikely that if Sandra got the apple, or Bernhard is a lion, then Fred dropped the apple. It is probably not the case that if Bernhard is a lion, and Mary went to the kitchen, then Lily is yellow.
hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that fred dropped the apple, and Sandra got the apple.
valid_hypothesis: It is improbable that fred dropped the apple, and Sandra got the apple.
invalid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that fred dropped the apple, and Sandra got the apple.
hypothesis_assertion: Fred dropped the apple, and Sandra got the apple.