context: We doubt that John left the apple. It is probably not the case that Lily is a swan. We doubt that Bill put down the milk. There is little chance that if Bill put down the milk, and Lily is a swan, then Brian is a lion. It is probably not the case that if John left the apple, and Lily is a swan, then Fred went to the hallway. There is almost no chance that if John left the apple, and Lily is a swan, then Greg is gray.
hypothesis: There is almost no chance that john left the apple, and Fred went to the hallway.
valid_hypothesis: There is almost no chance that john left the apple, and Fred went to the hallway.
invalid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that john left the apple, and Fred went to the hallway.
hypothesis_assertion: John left the apple, and Fred went to the hallway.