context: There is little chance that Mary took the apple. It is improbable that Bernhard is gray. It is likely that John left the football. It is improbable that if Mary took the apple, and John left the football, then Brian is a swan. It is certain that if Bernhard is gray, or John left the football, then Julius is white. Chances are about even that if Mary took the apple, and Bernhard is gray, then Lily is yellow.
hypothesis: Chances are about even that john left the football, and Bernhard is gray.
valid_hypothesis: It is highly unlikely that john left the football, and Bernhard is gray.
invalid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that john left the football, and Bernhard is gray.
hypothesis_assertion: John left the football, and Bernhard is gray.