context: It is probably not the case that Brian is a swan. It is highly likely that Lily is yellow. It is impossible that Bernhard is a rhino. Chances are about even that if either Brian is a swan, or Lily is yellow, then Winona is a wolf. There is almost no chance that if Brian is a swan, and Lily is yellow, then Julius is a frog. Chances are about even that if Lily is yellow, or Bernhard is a rhino, then Mary moved to the office.
hypothesis: It is certain that julius is a frog, or Brian is a swan.
valid_hypothesis: It is probably not the case that julius is a frog, or Brian is a swan.
invalid_hypothesis: It is certain that julius is a frog, or Brian is a swan.
hypothesis_assertion: Julius is a frog, or Brian is a swan.