context: We doubt that Brian is gray. It is probably not the case that Julius is a swan. It is improbable that Lily is green. It is unlikely that if Julius is a swan, or Brian is gray, then John put down the apple. Chances are about even that if Lily is green, and Brian is gray, then Greg is white. It is probably not the case that if either Julius is a swan, or Brian is gray, then Daniel grabbed the milk.
hypothesis: There is almost no chance that john put down the apple, and Daniel grabbed the milk.
valid_hypothesis: There is almost no chance that john put down the apple, and Daniel grabbed the milk.
invalid_hypothesis: It is certain that john put down the apple, and Daniel grabbed the milk.
hypothesis_assertion: John put down the apple, and Daniel grabbed the milk.