context: It is certain that Bernhard is gray. It is likely that Lily is white. Chances are about even that John left the apple. It is highly likely that if either Bernhard is gray, or John left the apple, then Julius is green. It is highly unlikely that if Lily is white, and Bernhard is gray, then Brian is white. It is almost certain that if either Lily is white, or Bernhard is gray, then Mary went to the bedroom.
hypothesis: Chances are about even that either Bernhard is gray, or John left the apple.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that either Bernhard is gray, or John left the apple.
invalid_hypothesis: It is impossible that either Bernhard is gray, or John left the apple.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Bernhard is gray, or John left the apple.