context: It is probably the case that Greg is gray. It is certain that Brian is white. There is almost no chance that John got the apple. It is improbable that if either John got the apple, or Greg is gray, then Lily is yellow. There is almost no chance that if John got the apple, and Greg is gray, then Bernhard is a rhino. It is probably not the case that if either Greg is gray, or Brian is white, then Julius is a lion.
hypothesis: It is certain that lily is yellow, or Brian is white.
valid_hypothesis: It is certain that lily is yellow, or Brian is white.
invalid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that lily is yellow, or Brian is white.
hypothesis_assertion: Lily is yellow, or Brian is white.