context: It is certain that Mary got the apple. It is improbable that Brian is white. It is likely that Daniel left the apple. There is almost no chance that if Brian is white, or Mary got the apple, then Fred went to the hallway. It is likely that if either Daniel left the apple, or Brian is white, then Bill is in the school. Chances are slight that if either Brian is white, or Mary got the apple, then Winona is a wolf.
hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that mary got the apple, and Winona is a wolf.
valid_hypothesis: There is little chance that mary got the apple, and Winona is a wolf.
invalid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that mary got the apple, and Winona is a wolf.
hypothesis_assertion: Mary got the apple, and Winona is a wolf.