context: Chances are slight that Sandra got the apple. It is improbable that Greg is a lion. It is probable that Julius is yellow. Chances are about even that if Sandra got the apple, or Greg is a lion, then Brian is a rhino. It is improbable that if Greg is a lion, and Sandra got the apple, then Mary dropped the milk. There is a better than even chance that if Greg is a lion, and Julius is yellow, then Lily is a swan.
hypothesis: There is almost no chance that lily is a swan, and Brian is a rhino.
valid_hypothesis: There is almost no chance that lily is a swan, and Brian is a rhino.
invalid_hypothesis: It is highly likely that lily is a swan, and Brian is a rhino.
hypothesis_assertion: Lily is a swan, and Brian is a rhino.