context: It is probably the case that Brian is white. It is highly likely that John dropped the apple. It is probably not the case that Julie is in the bedroom. Chances are about even that if either Brian is white, or John dropped the apple, then Julius is green. There is a better than even chance that if Julie is in the bedroom, and Brian is white, then Bill went to the kitchen. There is a better than even chance that if either Julie is in the bedroom, or Brian is white, then Greg is a frog.
hypothesis: It is probably not the case that either Brian is white, or John dropped the apple.
valid_hypothesis: It is probably not the case that either Brian is white, or John dropped the apple.
invalid_hypothesis: It is certain that either Brian is white, or John dropped the apple.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Brian is white, or John dropped the apple.