context: It is unlikely that Julius is a lion. There is a better than even chance that Greg is a frog. It is highly unlikely that Lily is white. Chances are about even that if Lily is white, and Julius is a lion, then Brian is a swan. We believe that if Greg is a frog, or Julius is a lion, then Winona is a sheep. It is probable that if Greg is a frog, or Julius is a lion, then John got the apple.
hypothesis: It is certain that winona is a sheep, or Lily is white.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that winona is a sheep, or Lily is white.
invalid_hypothesis: It is certain that winona is a sheep, or Lily is white.
hypothesis_assertion: Winona is a sheep, or Lily is white.