context: It is unlikely that Bernhard is gray. There is little chance that Greg is yellow. We believe that Julius is white. It is probably the case that if either Julius is white, or Greg is yellow, then Winona is a mouse. It is certain that if Bernhard is gray, and Julius is white, then Brian is gray. There is a very good chance that if Greg is yellow, and Julius is white, then Mary picked up the apple.
hypothesis: It is certain that julius is white, and Mary picked up the apple.
valid_hypothesis: It is highly unlikely that julius is white, and Mary picked up the apple.
invalid_hypothesis: It is certain that julius is white, and Mary picked up the apple.
hypothesis_assertion: Julius is white, and Mary picked up the apple.