context: There is almost no chance that Mary discarded the apple. Chances are slight that Brian is green. Chances are about even that Bernhard is a swan. Chances are about even that if either Bernhard is a swan, or Mary discarded the apple, then Winona is a wolf. It is highly unlikely that if either Brian is green, or Bernhard is a swan, then Bill went to the kitchen. We doubt that if Brian is green, or Mary discarded the apple, then Lily is yellow.
hypothesis: It is highly unlikely that either Bill went to the kitchen, or Lily is yellow.
valid_hypothesis: It is highly unlikely that either Bill went to the kitchen, or Lily is yellow.
invalid_hypothesis: It is probable that either Bill went to the kitchen, or Lily is yellow.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Bill went to the kitchen, or Lily is yellow.