context: It is certain that Julius is a frog. There is almost no chance that Mary went to the office. We believe that Gertrude is a mouse. Chances are about even that if Julius is a frog, and Mary went to the office, then Brian is a lion. It is impossible that if either Julius is a frog, or Mary went to the office, then Lily is green. It is likely that if Gertrude is a mouse, or Mary went to the office, then Bernhard is gray.
hypothesis: It is unlikely that brian is a lion, or Julius is a frog.
valid_hypothesis: It is certain that brian is a lion, or Julius is a frog.
invalid_hypothesis: It is unlikely that brian is a lion, or Julius is a frog.
hypothesis_assertion: Brian is a lion, or Julius is a frog.