context: It is probably the case that Brian is a swan. It is probable that Daniel left the milk. It is unlikely that Julius is white. It is highly unlikely that if either Daniel left the milk, or Brian is a swan, then Antoine is bored. Chances are about even that if either Brian is a swan, or Julius is white, then Gertrude is a sheep. Chances are about even that if either Daniel left the milk, or Brian is a swan, then Emily is a mouse.
hypothesis: It is improbable that brian is a swan, and Emily is a mouse.
valid_hypothesis: It is improbable that brian is a swan, and Emily is a mouse.
invalid_hypothesis: We believe that brian is a swan, and Emily is a mouse.
hypothesis_assertion: Brian is a swan, and Emily is a mouse.