context: Chances are about even that Mary took the milk. There is a better than even chance that Brian is a rhino. It is almost certain that Julius is a swan. We doubt that if Mary took the milk, or Brian is a rhino, then Bill went to the cinema. We doubt that if Julius is a swan, or Mary took the milk, then Bernhard is a frog. It is unlikely that if Brian is a rhino, and Mary took the milk, then Lily is green.
hypothesis: It is improbable that bernhard is a frog, and Mary took the milk.
valid_hypothesis: It is improbable that bernhard is a frog, and Mary took the milk.
invalid_hypothesis: It is highly likely that bernhard is a frog, and Mary took the milk.
hypothesis_assertion: Bernhard is a frog, and Mary took the milk.