context: There is little chance that John took the milk. It is unlikely that Julius is yellow. Chances are about even that Brian is a swan.
hypothesis: It is probable that either Julius is yellow, or John took the milk.
valid_hypothesis: It is probably not the case that either Julius is yellow, or John took the milk.
invalid_hypothesis: It is probable that either Julius is yellow, or John took the milk.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Julius is yellow, or John took the milk.