context: It is improbable that Brian is a frog. Chances are about even that Julius is yellow. There is almost no chance that John went to the garden.
hypothesis: We believe that john went to the garden, or Brian is a frog.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are slight that john went to the garden, or Brian is a frog.
invalid_hypothesis: We believe that john went to the garden, or Brian is a frog.
hypothesis_assertion: John went to the garden, or Brian is a frog.