context: It is certain that Julius is a lion. It is probably not the case that Brian is gray. There is a better than even chance that Greg is yellow.
hypothesis: We believe that greg is yellow, and Brian is gray.
valid_hypothesis: It is improbable that greg is yellow, and Brian is gray.
invalid_hypothesis: We believe that greg is yellow, and Brian is gray.
hypothesis_assertion: Greg is yellow, and Brian is gray.