context: It is highly likely that John got the football. It is probably not the case that Brian is a rhino. It is unlikely that Gertrude is a sheep.
hypothesis: It is highly unlikely that gertrude is a sheep, or Brian is a rhino.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that gertrude is a sheep, or Brian is a rhino.
invalid_hypothesis: It is highly unlikely that gertrude is a sheep, or Brian is a rhino.
hypothesis_assertion: Gertrude is a sheep, or Brian is a rhino.