context: It is unlikely that Jeff dropped the apple. It is probably the case that Julius is yellow. It is improbable that Greg is green.
hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that either Julius is yellow, or Jeff dropped the apple.
valid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that either Julius is yellow, or Jeff dropped the apple.
invalid_hypothesis: There is little chance that either Julius is yellow, or Jeff dropped the apple.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Julius is yellow, or Jeff dropped the apple.