context: It is probable that John left the milk. Chances are slight that Bernhard is a swan. Chances are about even that Winona is a wolf.
hypothesis: We believe that bernhard is a swan, or John left the milk.
valid_hypothesis: We believe that bernhard is a swan, or John left the milk.
invalid_hypothesis: It is improbable that bernhard is a swan, or John left the milk.
hypothesis_assertion: Bernhard is a swan, or John left the milk.