context: It is certain that Julius is a swan. We doubt that John went to the garden. It is probably the case that Bernhard is white.
hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that either Bernhard is white, or John went to the garden.
valid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that either Bernhard is white, or John went to the garden.
invalid_hypothesis: There is little chance that either Bernhard is white, or John went to the garden.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Bernhard is white, or John went to the garden.