context: We believe that Lily is a frog. It is improbable that Winona is a sheep. Chances are about even that Bernhard is gray.
hypothesis: It is probably not the case that lily is a frog, and Bernhard is gray.
valid_hypothesis: It is probably not the case that lily is a frog, and Bernhard is gray.
invalid_hypothesis: It is probable that lily is a frog, and Bernhard is gray.
hypothesis_assertion: Lily is a frog, and Bernhard is gray.