context: It is certain that Julius is a swan. Chances are about even that Bernhard is a rhino. There is a very good chance that Brian is gray.
hypothesis: It is almost certain that either Brian is gray, or Julius is a swan.
valid_hypothesis: It is unlikely that either Brian is gray, or Julius is a swan.
invalid_hypothesis: It is almost certain that either Brian is gray, or Julius is a swan.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Brian is gray, or Julius is a swan.