context: It is improbable that Brian is yellow. There is a very good chance that Julius is gray. There is little chance that Mary got the apple.
hypothesis: It is probably the case that mary got the apple, and Julius is gray.
valid_hypothesis: It is improbable that mary got the apple, and Julius is gray.
invalid_hypothesis: It is probably the case that mary got the apple, and Julius is gray.
hypothesis_assertion: Mary got the apple, and Julius is gray.