context: We believe that Brian is a lion. We doubt that Bernhard is white. It is probably not the case that Sandra grabbed the apple.
hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that either Brian is a lion, or Sandra grabbed the apple.
valid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that either Brian is a lion, or Sandra grabbed the apple.
invalid_hypothesis: It is improbable that either Brian is a lion, or Sandra grabbed the apple.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Brian is a lion, or Sandra grabbed the apple.