context: It is improbable that Mary put down the apple. We believe that Lily is gray. It is probably the case that Bernhard is a frog.
hypothesis: It is unlikely that mary put down the apple, or Lily is gray.
valid_hypothesis: There is a very good chance that mary put down the apple, or Lily is gray.
invalid_hypothesis: It is unlikely that mary put down the apple, or Lily is gray.
hypothesis_assertion: Mary put down the apple, or Lily is gray.