context: Chances are about even that Julius is a lion. Chances are slight that Greg is gray. We believe that Bernhard is gray.
hypothesis: It is unlikely that greg is gray, or Bernhard is gray.
valid_hypothesis: There is a very good chance that greg is gray, or Bernhard is gray.
invalid_hypothesis: It is unlikely that greg is gray, or Bernhard is gray.
hypothesis_assertion: Greg is gray, or Bernhard is gray.