context: Chances are slight that Fred is in the park. It is certain that Bernhard is gray. It is probably not the case that John picked up the apple.
hypothesis: It is certain that bernhard is gray, or John picked up the apple.
valid_hypothesis: It is certain that bernhard is gray, or John picked up the apple.
invalid_hypothesis: It is impossible that bernhard is gray, or John picked up the apple.
hypothesis_assertion: Bernhard is gray, or John picked up the apple.