context: It is unlikely that Julius is yellow. It is probable that John took the football. Chances are slight that Brian is a swan.
hypothesis: There is little chance that either John took the football, or Julius is yellow.
valid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that either John took the football, or Julius is yellow.
invalid_hypothesis: There is little chance that either John took the football, or Julius is yellow.
hypothesis_assertion: Either John took the football, or Julius is yellow.