context: Chances are slight that Brian is a swan. There is a very good chance that Sandra got the apple. We doubt that Greg is a frog.
hypothesis: It is probable that either Brian is a swan, or Greg is a frog.
valid_hypothesis: It is probably not the case that either Brian is a swan, or Greg is a frog.
invalid_hypothesis: It is probable that either Brian is a swan, or Greg is a frog.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Brian is a swan, or Greg is a frog.