context: It is probably not the case that John took the apple. There is a very good chance that Brian is a rhino. Chances are about even that Julius is green.
hypothesis: Chances are about even that either John took the apple, or Julius is green.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that either John took the apple, or Julius is green.
invalid_hypothesis: It is certain that either John took the apple, or Julius is green.
hypothesis_assertion: Either John took the apple, or Julius is green.