context: There is a very good chance that Lily is a swan. Chances are about even that Greg is yellow. It is highly unlikely that Gertrude is a cat.
hypothesis: Chances are about even that either Lily is a swan, or Greg is yellow.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that either Lily is a swan, or Greg is yellow.
invalid_hypothesis: It is certain that either Lily is a swan, or Greg is yellow.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Lily is a swan, or Greg is yellow.