context: It is almost certain that Winona is a cat. It is unlikely that Bernhard is yellow. There is a better than even chance that Fred is in the park.
hypothesis: It is impossible that fred is in the park, and Winona is a cat.
valid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that fred is in the park, and Winona is a cat.
invalid_hypothesis: It is impossible that fred is in the park, and Winona is a cat.
hypothesis_assertion: Fred is in the park, and Winona is a cat.