context: It is probably not the case that John dropped the apple. It is almost certain that Winona is a sheep. It is probably not the case that Bernhard is a rhino.
hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that john dropped the apple, and Bernhard is a rhino.
valid_hypothesis: It is highly unlikely that john dropped the apple, and Bernhard is a rhino.
invalid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that john dropped the apple, and Bernhard is a rhino.
hypothesis_assertion: John dropped the apple, and Bernhard is a rhino.