context: It is almost certain that Brian is a swan. Chances are slight that Sandra took the apple. There is a better than even chance that Greg is white.
hypothesis: Chances are about even that either Brian is a swan, or Greg is white.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that either Brian is a swan, or Greg is white.
invalid_hypothesis: It is impossible that either Brian is a swan, or Greg is white.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Brian is a swan, or Greg is white.