context: Chances are slight that Brian is gray. We believe that Emily is a cat. There is a better than even chance that John went to the garden.
hypothesis: It is probably not the case that either Emily is a cat, or Brian is gray.
valid_hypothesis: It is probably the case that either Emily is a cat, or Brian is gray.
invalid_hypothesis: It is probably not the case that either Emily is a cat, or Brian is gray.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Emily is a cat, or Brian is gray.