context: We believe that Brian is a lion. Chances are about even that Lily is a frog. It is probably not the case that Julius is a swan.
hypothesis: It is unlikely that brian is a lion, or Julius is a swan.
valid_hypothesis: There is a very good chance that brian is a lion, or Julius is a swan.
invalid_hypothesis: It is unlikely that brian is a lion, or Julius is a swan.
hypothesis_assertion: Brian is a lion, or Julius is a swan.