context: It is almost certain that Julius is a lion. There is a better than even chance that Brian is a frog. We believe that Lily is white.
hypothesis: It is probable that julius is a lion, and Lily is white.
valid_hypothesis: It is probable that julius is a lion, and Lily is white.
invalid_hypothesis: It is probably not the case that julius is a lion, and Lily is white.
hypothesis_assertion: Julius is a lion, and Lily is white.