context: Chances are about even that Lily is white. It is likely that Jessica is a cat. It is likely that Mary went to the kitchen.
hypothesis: It is likely that mary went to the kitchen, and Lily is white.
valid_hypothesis: It is probably not the case that mary went to the kitchen, and Lily is white.
invalid_hypothesis: It is likely that mary went to the kitchen, and Lily is white.
hypothesis_assertion: Mary went to the kitchen, and Lily is white.