context: It is almost certain that Emily is a cat. We believe that Brian is a frog. There is almost no chance that Mary left the football.
hypothesis: It is certain that either Brian is a frog, or Emily is a cat.
valid_hypothesis: It is probably not the case that either Brian is a frog, or Emily is a cat.
invalid_hypothesis: It is certain that either Brian is a frog, or Emily is a cat.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Brian is a frog, or Emily is a cat.