context: We believe that John dropped the apple. It is impossible that Bernhard is gray. There is a better than even chance that Julius is a frog.
hypothesis: It is impossible that john dropped the apple, and Julius is a frog.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that john dropped the apple, and Julius is a frog.
invalid_hypothesis: It is impossible that john dropped the apple, and Julius is a frog.
hypothesis_assertion: John dropped the apple, and Julius is a frog.