context: It is improbable that Fred left the football. It is probably the case that Julius is gray. It is unlikely that Greg is a frog.
hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that greg is a frog, and Fred left the football.
valid_hypothesis: There is almost no chance that greg is a frog, and Fred left the football.
invalid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that greg is a frog, and Fred left the football.
hypothesis_assertion: Greg is a frog, and Fred left the football.