context: It is almost certain that John took the football. Chances are slight that Mary left the football. It is certain that Brian is gray.
hypothesis: It is certain that mary left the football, or Brian is gray.
valid_hypothesis: It is certain that mary left the football, or Brian is gray.
invalid_hypothesis: It is unlikely that mary left the football, or Brian is gray.
hypothesis_assertion: Mary left the football, or Brian is gray.