context: Chances are slight that Brian is a lion. There is a very good chance that Julius is gray. There is almost no chance that Mary put down the apple.
hypothesis: It is probably the case that mary put down the apple, or Brian is a lion.
valid_hypothesis: It is improbable that mary put down the apple, or Brian is a lion.
invalid_hypothesis: It is probably the case that mary put down the apple, or Brian is a lion.
hypothesis_assertion: Mary put down the apple, or Brian is a lion.