context: Chances are about even that Bernhard is gray. It is highly unlikely that John got the apple. Chances are slight that Julius is a swan.
hypothesis: It is certain that either Bernhard is gray, or Julius is a swan.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that either Bernhard is gray, or Julius is a swan.
invalid_hypothesis: It is certain that either Bernhard is gray, or Julius is a swan.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Bernhard is gray, or Julius is a swan.