context: We believe that Bill left the apple. It is unlikely that Lily is white. Chances are about even that Julius is a swan.
hypothesis: It is improbable that lily is white, or Bill left the apple.
valid_hypothesis: There is a very good chance that lily is white, or Bill left the apple.
invalid_hypothesis: It is improbable that lily is white, or Bill left the apple.
hypothesis_assertion: Lily is white, or Bill left the apple.