context: It is unlikely that Gertrude is a mouse. It is improbable that Julius is gray. There is a very good chance that Sandra dropped the apple.
hypothesis: We believe that julius is gray, and Gertrude is a mouse.
valid_hypothesis: There is almost no chance that julius is gray, and Gertrude is a mouse.
invalid_hypothesis: We believe that julius is gray, and Gertrude is a mouse.
hypothesis_assertion: Julius is gray, and Gertrude is a mouse.