context: It is probably not the case that Mary dropped the apple. Chances are about even that Julius is a frog. There is almost no chance that Lily is a frog.
hypothesis: It is certain that lily is a frog, or Julius is a frog.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that lily is a frog, or Julius is a frog.
invalid_hypothesis: It is certain that lily is a frog, or Julius is a frog.
hypothesis_assertion: Lily is a frog, or Julius is a frog.