context: There is a better than even chance that John left the milk. We doubt that Brian is white. Chances are about even that Greg is yellow.
hypothesis: It is likely that greg is yellow, and Brian is white.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are slight that greg is yellow, and Brian is white.
invalid_hypothesis: It is likely that greg is yellow, and Brian is white.
hypothesis_assertion: Greg is yellow, and Brian is white.