context: There is little chance that Emily is a sheep. There is a very good chance that Greg is a swan. It is probably not the case that John took the apple.
hypothesis: It is highly likely that either Emily is a sheep, or John took the apple.
valid_hypothesis: It is probably not the case that either Emily is a sheep, or John took the apple.
invalid_hypothesis: It is highly likely that either Emily is a sheep, or John took the apple.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Emily is a sheep, or John took the apple.