context: It is unlikely that Brian is white. Chances are about even that Julius is gray. It is probably the case that Greg is yellow.
hypothesis: Chances are slight that either Greg is yellow, or Brian is white.
valid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that either Greg is yellow, or Brian is white.
invalid_hypothesis: Chances are slight that either Greg is yellow, or Brian is white.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Greg is yellow, or Brian is white.