context: It is probably not the case that John discarded the apple. Chances are slight that Bill went to the cinema. It is almost certain that Julius is a rhino.
hypothesis: It is almost certain that julius is a rhino, or John discarded the apple.
valid_hypothesis: It is almost certain that julius is a rhino, or John discarded the apple.
invalid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that julius is a rhino, or John discarded the apple.
hypothesis_assertion: Julius is a rhino, or John discarded the apple.