context: It is almost certain that Bernhard is a frog. Chances are slight that Greg is yellow. There is a better than even chance that John took the apple.
hypothesis: Chances are slight that john took the apple, and Bernhard is a frog.
valid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that john took the apple, and Bernhard is a frog.
invalid_hypothesis: Chances are slight that john took the apple, and Bernhard is a frog.
hypothesis_assertion: John took the apple, and Bernhard is a frog.