context: It is certain that John went to the garden. Chances are about even that Julius is a frog. It is highly likely that Greg is gray.
hypothesis: There is little chance that either John went to the garden, or Greg is gray.
valid_hypothesis: There is little chance that either John went to the garden, or Greg is gray.
invalid_hypothesis: It is highly likely that either John went to the garden, or Greg is gray.
hypothesis_assertion: Either John went to the garden, or Greg is gray.