context: Chances are slight that Emily is a cat. It is probably the case that Bernhard is a lion. There is a very good chance that Lily is yellow.
hypothesis: We believe that lily is yellow, and Emily is a cat.
valid_hypothesis: It is improbable that lily is yellow, and Emily is a cat.
invalid_hypothesis: We believe that lily is yellow, and Emily is a cat.
hypothesis_assertion: Lily is yellow, and Emily is a cat.