context: It is improbable that Greg is a frog. There is a very good chance that Brian is a swan. Chances are about even that Julius is green.
hypothesis: We believe that greg is a frog, and Julius is green.
valid_hypothesis: It is highly unlikely that greg is a frog, and Julius is green.
invalid_hypothesis: We believe that greg is a frog, and Julius is green.
hypothesis_assertion: Greg is a frog, and Julius is green.