context: It is unlikely that Julius is gray. Chances are about even that Bernhard is a frog. It is highly unlikely that Jessica is a mouse.
hypothesis: It is probably the case that either Julius is gray, or Jessica is a mouse.
valid_hypothesis: It is probably not the case that either Julius is gray, or Jessica is a mouse.
invalid_hypothesis: It is probably the case that either Julius is gray, or Jessica is a mouse.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Julius is gray, or Jessica is a mouse.