diff --git "a/data/edits/dev.csv" "b/data/edits/dev.csv"
new file mode 100644--- /dev/null
+++ "b/data/edits/dev.csv"
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+,easy-or-hard,sentence-pair-index,sentence-1,sentence-2,edits-combination-0,edits-combination-1,edits-combination-2,arxiv-id,sentence-1-level,sentence-2-level
+0,easy,0,"In particular , modern imaging and machine learning methods rely strongly on maximum-a-posteriori estimation [EQUATION] whose calculation is a convex problem that can often be solved very efficiently , even in very high dimensions ( e.g. , [MATH] ) , by using convex optimisation techniques [CITATION] .","In particular , modern imaging and machine learning methods rely strongly on maximum-a-posteriori ( MAP ) estimation [EQUATION] whose calculation is a convex problem that can often be solved very efficiently , even in very high dimensions ( e.g. , [MATH] ) , by using convex optimisation techniques [CITATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 16]}}",{},{},1612.06149,2,3
+1,easy,1,"According to the proof of Proposition 2 , [MATH] , [MATH] is monotonically increasing in [MATH] .","According to the proof of Corollary 1 , [MATH] , [MATH] is monotonically increasing in [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 7]}}",{},{},1606.06490,1,2
+2,easy,2,"However , depending somewhat on the Hubble constant prior we use , consensus flat [MATH] CDM can be 1 [MATH] or 2 [MATH] away from the best-fit parameter values in some cases , which can favor mild dark energy dynamics or mildly closed spatial hypersurfaces .","However , depending somewhat on the Hubble constant prior we use , consensus flat [MATH] CDM can be 1 [MATH] away from the best-fit parameter values in some cases , which can favor mild dark energy dynamics or non-flat spatial hypersurfaces .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [20, 23], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [41, 43], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [38, 39]}}",{},{},1805.06408,1,2
+3,easy,3,This indicates that the mass fraction of in-situ kicked-out disc stars along the minor axis is negligible at distances larger than 15 kpc .,This indicates that the mass fraction of in-situ heated disc stars along the minor axis is negligible at distances larger than 15 kpc .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [8, 9]}}",{},{},1512.03064,1,2
+4,easy,4,"For comparison purposes we must use consistent methods for determination , and if one does so then one finds [CITATION] that [MATH] at [MATH] in the quenched theory , demonstrating that this provides an appropriate quenched limit for our calculations .","One finds [CITATION] that [MATH] at [MATH] in the quenched theory , demonstrating that this provides an appropriate quenched limit for our calculations ( see Table [REF] ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [23, 28]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},hep-lat-0108006,1,2
+5,easy,5,The zero component [MATH] denotes the Euclidean time .,"For a constant electric field , the worldline instanton is a circle of radius [MATH] , given by [CITATION] [EQUATION] where the zeroth component [MATH] denotes the Euclidean time .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 21]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [22, 23]}}",{},{},1811.11712,1,2
+6,easy,6,The enhancement factor is then in the weak-field condition [MATH] [EQUATION],The enhancement factor is then in the weak-field condition [EQUATION],"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1811.11712,2,3
+7,easy,7,"In the Quadratic Case , the splitting is dominantly attributed to the vector-like mass splitting [MATH] .","In the Quadratic Case [MATH] , the splitting is dominantly attributed to the vector-like mass splitting [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}}",{},{},1503.04203,1,2
+8,easy,8,Substituting Eq. ( [REF] ) in Eq. ( [REF] ) one has [EQUATION],Substituting Eq. ( [REF] ) in Eq. ( [REF] ) one has [EQUATION] and using Eq. ( [REF] ) one has [EQUATION],"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 22]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0209166,1,2
+9,easy,9,"Probability distributions may thus be used in order to avoid enumerating the details of all situations faced by investors , and where a particular technology is on average more profitable to use than a second one , there usually exist specific situations where the reverse turns out to be true .","Data derived probability distributions may thus be used in order to avoid enumerating the details of all situations faced by investors , and where a particular technology is on average more profitable to use than a second one , there usually exist specific situations where the reverse turns out to be true .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 2]}}",{},{},1309.7626,2,3
+10,easy,10,"For the cross-correlation power spectrum of galaxy samples with the CMB , deviation from linear theory by about [MATH] can occur at [MATH] to [MATH] , or equivalently at scales of two to four degrees .",The cross-correlation power spectrum of the density [MATH] and [MATH] behaves differently to the power spectrum of [MATH] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 18]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 35], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},0809.4488,1,2
+11,easy,11,"We consider this abstract question in the context of a simple but realistic model , in which we use observed SSTs , the mean number of hurricanes in the basin is a linear function of SST , and each basin hurricane has a constant probability of making landfall .",We consider this abstract question in the context of two simple models .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 48], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 12]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 48], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 12]}}",{},physics-0701176,1,2
+12,easy,12,This package contains a tridimensional description of the interactions and should reproduce the spatial distribution of secondaries better than older models based on empirical parameterizations of accelerator data .,This package contains a tridimensional description of both electro-magnetic and hadronic interactions .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 11]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 28], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},astro-ph-0111111,1,2
+13,easy,13,"To this end , it is convenient to recall that [MATH] is given in terms of [MATH] by the Williamson transform inversion formula [EQUATION] with [MATH] denoting the right-hand derivative of [MATH] , cf. [CITATION] .","In case [MATH] is not given in closed form , it is convenient to recall that [MATH] is given in terms of [MATH] by the Williamson transform inversion formula [EQUATION] with [MATH] denoting the right-hand derivative of [MATH] , cf. [CITATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 9]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 9]}}",{},1802.09996,1,2
+14,easy,14,"Precisely , we exploit the log-concavity of [MATH] to induce a Riemannian geometry on the parameter space .","Precisely , we exploit the log-concavity of [MATH] to induce a Riemannian geometry on the solutions space .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [15, 16], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}}",{},{},1612.06149,3,4
+15,easy,15,"In Fig. [REF] ( c ) , we plot the performance for the more realistic finite traffic model .","In Fig. [REF] ( c ) , we plot the user throughput of the finite traffic model as a function of packet arrival rate .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 24]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 12], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 13]}}",{},{},1601.00019,1,2
+16,easy,16,"Replacing the perfectly reflecting plates by impurities embedded in a one-dimensional quantum liquid , Casimir forces between these impurities have been calculated in [CITATION] as a function of the impurity-liquid coupling .","Replacing the perfectly reflecting plates by impurities embedded in a quantum liquid , Casimir forces between these impurities have been calculated in [CITATION] as a function of the impurity-liquid coupling .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},0809.1816,1,2
+17,easy,17,It can be checked that any nilrotation is distal [CITATION] .,"It can be checked that any nilrotation is distal ( [CITATION] ; see also [CITATION] , [CITATION] ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 18]}}",{},{},1507.07370,1,2
+18,easy,18,This is an out of equilibrium problem characterized by the absence of fluctuation-dissipation theorem due to long range hydrodynamic term .,This is an out of equilibrium problem characterized by the absence of fluctuation-dissipation theorem due to long range hydrodynamic term and self-generated force due to actin remodeling .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [20, 27]}}",{},{},1809.06726,1,2
+19,easy,19,When [MATH] ( the symmetric case ) the distribution shown in Fig. [REF] is not a solution of the steady-state test-particle equation : [EQUATION] where [EQUATION],"As shown in [CITATION] , when [MATH] ( the symmetric case ) the distribution shown in Fig. [REF] is not a solution of the steady-state test-particle equation : [EQUATION] where [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 5]}}",{},{},cond-mat-0006123,1,2
+20,easy,20,"The spectral function of the dot shows therefore sharp peaks , which could be measured by STM or microwave experiments as proposed recently [CITATION] ( noise measurements have also been suggested in [CITATION] ) .","The spectral function of the dot shows therefore sharp peaks , which could be measured by STM [CITATION] or microwave- [CITATION] optical [CITATION] experiments as proposed recently .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 18]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [23, 34], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 23]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 18]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [20, 23]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [23, 34], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 20]}}",{},0902.1111,3,4
+21,easy,21,"In LTE-Advanced system , two new RSs , viz. , channel state information RS ( CSI-RS ) and demodulation RS ( DM-RS ) have been introduced to perform the CSI acquisition and demodulation of data channel , respectively .","From the common RS ( CRS ) to the channel state information RS ( CSI-RS ) , various RSs to perform the CSI acquisition have been introduced .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 9]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [31, 38], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [17, 23], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 19]}}",{},{},1601.00019,2,3
+22,easy,22,"Let [MATH] a suitable base of [MATH] that will be specified in the fourth step , and [MATH] be an orthonormal base of [MATH] .",Let [MATH] be an orthonormal base of [MATH] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1412.7332,3,4
+23,easy,23,"Also , spatially flat XCDM and [MATH] CDM both reduce the tension between CMB anisotropy and weak gravitational lensing estimates of [MATH] , the rms fractional energy density inhomogeneity averaged over [MATH] Mpc radius spheres .","Also , spatially flat XCDM and [MATH] CDM both reduce the tension between CMB temperature anisotropy and weak gravitational lensing estimates of [MATH] , the rms fractional energy density inhomogeneity averaged over [MATH] Mpc radius spheres , where [MATH] is the Hubble constant in units of 100 km s [MATH] Mpc [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 15]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [36, 52]}}",{},{},1805.06408,1,2
+24,easy,24,"S2LET achieves very good numerical accuracy , with numerical errors comparable to floating-point precision .","S2LET achieves very good numerical accuracy , with numerical errors comparable to accumulated floating-point errors only .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [12, 15]}}",{},{},1211.1680,1,2
+25,easy,25,The kinetic part of [MATH] due to the rotational and vibrational degrees of freedom corresponds in our case to [MATH] and can be calculated by hand removing [MATH] per degree of freedom .,The kinetic part of [MATH] due to the rotational and vibrational degrees of freedom corresponds in our case to [MATH] and black in principle can be calculated by hand ( chemical potential of an isolated molecules ) .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [21, 24]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [29, 37]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [26, 32], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1311.6982,2,3
+26,easy,26,"An application of these subspaces is to the relativistic invariant protocol for quantum information processing , with which the non-relativistic quantum information theory could be invariantly applied to relativistic situations .","Further , we suggest a relativistic-invariant protocol for quantum communication , with which the non-relativistic quantum information theory could be invariantly applied to relativistic situations .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 4]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 6]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0211159,1,2
+27,easy,27,"Recently , 3rd generation partnership project ( 3GPP ) standard body initiated the standardization activity for the massive MIMO systems with an aim to satisfy the spectral efficiency requirement of future cellular systems [CITATION] .","Recently , 3rd generation partnership project ( 3GPP ) standard body initiated the standardization activity to employ tens of antennas at basestation with an aim to satisfy the spectral efficiency requirement of future cellular systems [CITATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [15, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 22]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 22]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [15, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},1601.00019,2,3
+28,easy,28,"The diffusion of power systems can only occur in areas where resources are available , for instance windy areas for wind power , or natural water basins and rivers for hydroelectric systems .","The diffusion of power systems can only occur in areas where energy resources are available , for instance windy areas for wind power , or natural water basins and rivers for hydroelectric dams .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 12]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [31, 32], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [32, 33]}}",{},{},1309.7626,3,4
+29,easy,29,We define the [MATH] -generalized covariance matrix [MATH] of an unbiased estimator [MATH] as the [MATH] matrix whose [MATH] -th element is [EQUATION],We define the [MATH] -global covariance matrix [MATH] of an unbiased estimator [MATH] as the [MATH] matrix whose [MATH] -th element is [EQUATION],"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}}",{},{},1412.7332,3,4
+30,easy,30,"The authors found that for an isotropic system , the crossover between the two regimes is at a filling fraction [MATH] .","The authors found that for an isotropic system , the crossover between the two regimes is at a filling fraction [MATH] , where the precise definition of [MATH] will be given shortly .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [21, 32]}}",{},{},cond-mat-9809115,1,2
+31,easy,31,This proves the first statement of the theorem .,The Gateaux derivative [REF] is equal to [MATH] for any [MATH] if and only if [MATH] is given by the following equation : [EQUATION] which proves the first statement of the theorem .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 24]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [24, 25]}}",{},{},1412.7332,1,2
+32,easy,32,These commands are available for both sampling schemes .,These commands are available for both HEALPix and MW sampling schemes .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 9]}}",{},{},1211.1680,1,2
+33,easy,33,"With this construction the wavelets and scaling function are well-localised both spatially on the sphere and also in harmonic space , as shown in Figure [REF] .","With these three constructions , the wavelets and scaling functions are well-localised both spatially on the sphere and also in harmonic space .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [20, 26], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 4]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [20, 26], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 5]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}}",{},1211.1680,1,2
+34,easy,34,"The functional integral in eq. [REF] can be computed by the stationary phase approximation , for more general cases with 1D temporal inhomogeneous fields [MATH] , the worldline instanton is obtained by solving the instanton equation with periodic boundary condition [EQUATION]","for more general cases with 1D temporally inhomogeneous fields [MATH] , the worldline instanton is obtained by solving the instanton equation with periodic boundary condition [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [21, 22], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 7]}}",{},{},1811.11712,1,2
+35,easy,35,"Before milling , the top surface of each cross sectional cut was covered by a protective layer of platinum , in order to preserve the native niobium surface from Ga ions ( Fig. [MATH] ) .","Before FIB milling , the top surface of each cross sectional cut was covered by a protective layer of platinum , in order to protect the native niobium surface from Ga ions ( Fig. [MATH] ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [23, 24], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [24, 25]}}",{},{},1503.02046,1,2
+36,easy,36,"A study item , process done before a formal standardization process , has been completed in June 2015 and the follow up ( work item ) process will be initiated shortly for the formal standardization of Release 13 .","A study item , process done before a formal standardization process , has been completed in June 2015 and the follow up work item process will be finalized shortly for the formal standardization of Release 13 .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [22, 23], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [25, 26], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [29, 30], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [27, 28]}}",{},{},1601.00019,1,2
+37,easy,37,"For small [MATH] , one gets [EQUATION] which breaks the weak field condition as well .","For small [MATH] , one gets [EQUATION] which breaks the weak-field condition at nonperturbative region as well .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [12, 15]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 12], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}}",{},{},1811.11712,2,3
+38,easy,38,"We can further reduce the number of parameters in [MATH] by noticing that if we set [CITATION] [EQUATION] in [REF] , the resulting action is [EQUATION] which is nothing but the Super Yang-Mills gauge-fixed action in the Landau gauge ( see appendix B ) , with the addition of the following terms [EQUATION]","We can further reduce the number of parameters in [MATH] by noticing that if we set [CITATION] [EQUATION] in [REF] , the resulting action is [EQUATION] which is nothing but the Super Yang-Mills gauge-fixed action in the Landau gauge ( see appendix [REF] ) , with the addition of the following terms [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [42, 43], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [42, 43]}}",{},{},1803.03077,2,3
+39,easy,39,"The La atoms occupy the 8 [MATH] sites ( [MATH] , [MATH] , [MATH] ) , while diffraction studies show that Fe and Si atoms can occupy both 8 [MATH] and the 96 [MATH] crystallographic positions .","The La atoms occupy the 8 [MATH] sites ( [MATH] , [MATH] , [MATH] ) , while diffraction studies show that Fe and Si atoms can occupy both 8 [MATH] and the 96 [MATH] crystallographic positions [CITATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [36, 37]}}",{},{},1407.7975,1,2
+40,easy,40,Fig. [REF] shows the result of this run .,Fig. 4 shows the result of this run .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}}",{},{},astro-ph-9810425,2,3
+41,easy,41,"[CITATION] In the case of manganese based metallic silicides , ground state and finite temperature DFT models have been used to model and predict new Mn-based metamagnets .","In the case of manganese based metallic silicides , ground state and finite temperature DFT models have been used to model and predict new Mn-based metamagnets [CITATION] .",{},{},{},1407.7975,1,2
+42,easy,42,Note that the width of the ionization fronts does not usually exceed one grid zone ( Fig. [REF] ) .,Note that the width of the ionization fronts does not usually exceed one grid zone ( Fig. 5 ) .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [17, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 18]}}",{},{},astro-ph-9810425,2,3
+43,easy,43,"In Fig. [REF] ( right ) , the four strongest eigenvalue modes are characterized by pairs of ordinal numbers [MATH] which determine the main angular part of the eigenvector by the spherical harmonics [MATH] .","In Fig. [REF] ( b ) , the four strongest eigenvalue modes are characterized by pairs of ordinal numbers [MATH] which determine the main angular part of the eigenvector by the spherical harmonics [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}}",{},{},1106.0179,1,2
+44,easy,44,"The intensities of the "" real "" and measured undercutoff fluxes are reported in the same plot for comparison and their ratio with the primary component shown in fig. [REF] .",The intensities of the real and measured undercutoff fluxes are reported in the same plot for comparison and their ratio with the primary component shown in Fig. [REF] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [28, 29], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [26, 27]}}",{},{},astro-ph-0111111,1,2
+45,easy,45,"By Lemma [REF] and mean value theorem , we have that [EQUATION]","By Lemma [REF] and the mean value theorem , we have that [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}}",{},{},1603.06312,2,3
+46,easy,46,From the two samples of reconstructed functions and derivatives just one sample of the Riesz representatives is obtained .,From the two samples of reconstructed functions and derivatives just one sample of Riesz representatives is obtained .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1412.7332,1,2
+47,easy,47,"In this article , we provides an overview of the FD-MIMO system , with emphasis on the discussion and debate conducted on standardization process of Release 13 .","In this article , we provide an overview of the FD-MIMO system , with emphasis on the discussion and debate conducted on standardization process of Release 13 .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 6]}}",{},{},1601.00019,1,2
+48,easy,48,"In the type II configuration , antenna spacing is set to four times larger than the spacing of type I . To investigate the effect of antenna structure , ideal feedback under full buffer traffic model ( each user has unlimited amount of data to transmit ) is used .","In the type II configuration , antenna spacing is set to four times larger than the spacing of type I . To investigate the effect of antenna structure , the ideal feedback under the full buffer traffic model ( each user has an unlimited amount of data to transmit ) is used .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [29, 30]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [33, 34]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [42, 43]}}",{},{},1601.00019,2,3
+49,easy,49,"Nevertheless , attempts to generalize it for relativistic case lead to a number of problems .","Nevertheless , attempts to generalize it for the relativistic case lead to a number of problems .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0102095,1,2
+50,easy,50,"For example , when 64 linear antenna arrays are deployed in a horizontal direction , under the common assumption that the antenna spacing is half wavelength ( [MATH] ) and the system is using LTE carrier frequency ( 2 GHz ) , it requires a horizontal room of [MATH] m. Due to the limited space on rooftop or mast , this space would be burdensome for most of cell sites .","For example , when 64 linear antenna arrays are deployed in a horizontal direction , under the common assumption that the antenna spacing is half wavelength ( [MATH] ) and the system is using LTE carrier frequency ( 2 GHz ) , it requires a horizontal room of [MATH] m. Due to the limited space on a rooftop or mast , this space would be burdensome for most of the cell sites .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [56, 57]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [69, 70]}}",{},{},1601.00019,2,3
+51,easy,51,"Effects of the first group result from presence of the odd part of the Wigner function , second ones are due to the specific function [MATH] being present in the even component of the Wigner function .","Effects of the first group result from presence of the odd part of the Wigner function , the second ones are due to the specific function [MATH] being present in the even component of the Wigner function .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 18]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0102095,1,2
+52,easy,52,The proposed method can be applied to find relations of the derived type giving possibility to search for other heavy virtual states .,"The proposed method can be applied to find the relations of the derived type for different effective four-fermion operators generated by the [MATH] ( for instance , discussed in Refs. [CITATION] ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [8, 9]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 32]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 22], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},hep-ph-9812485,2,3
+53,easy,53,It is the consequence of the RG equations for the [MATH] -matrix elements and the decoupling theorem [CITATION] giving possibility to move from high energies where heavy particles are excited inside loops to low energies where they are decoupled and determine [MATH] explicitly .,It is a consequence of the RG equations for [MATH] -matrix elements and the decoupling theorem [CITATION] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 43], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}}",{},{},hep-ph-9812485,2,3
+54,easy,54,We note that preliminary studies addressed feasibility of 2D array antenna structure and performance evaluation in ideal scenarios ( non-precoded CSI-RS and ideal feedback ) [CITATION] .,We note that preliminary studies addressed the feasibility of 2D array antenna structure and performance evaluation in ideal pilot transmission and feedback scenarios [CITATION] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 7]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 22]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 25], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 7]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [17, 25], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 23]}}",{},1601.00019,2,3
+55,easy,55,Reconstruction can thus be performed at a lower resolution without any loss of information .,"The reconstruction can thus be performed at lower resolution , without any loss of information if a sampling theorem is used .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 21]}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1211.1680,1,2
+56,easy,56,"Due to the anisotropy of the dipolar interaction , a ferromagnetism causes the FS to distort , thus driving the system into an uniaxial nematic state .","Due to the mixing of orbital and spin degrees of freedom by the dipolar interaction , ferromagnetism causes the FS to distort , thus driving the system into an uniaxial nematic state .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 12]}}",{},{},0907.1345,2,3
+57,easy,57,"The price of natural uranium ore is stable until 2035 where an increase is observed , generated by increasing scarcity , and at this level of consumption , U resources are projected to run out before 2100 unless technology changes .","The cost of natural uranium ore is stable until 2035 where an increase is observed , generated by increasing scarcity , and at this level of consumption , U resources are projected to run out before 2100 unless technology changes .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}}",{},{},1309.7626,3,4
+58,easy,58,"A simple way to evaluate the fidelity of the observed signal [MATH] is through the signal-to-noise ratio ( SNR ) , which we define on the sphere by [EQUATION] where the signal energy is defined by [EQUATION]","A simple way to evaluate the fidelity of the observed signal [MATH] is through the signal-to-noise ratio ( SNR ) , define on the sphere by [EQUATION] where the signal energy is defined by [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [21, 23], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1211.1680,1,2
+59,easy,59,"The non-linear term due to long-range hydrodynamic interactions among cells in addition with self-generated force , produce super-diffusive motion for amoeboid cell phenotype .","The non-linear term due to long-range hydrodynamic interactions among cells besides self-generated force , produce super-diffusive motion for amoeboid cell phenotype .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}}",{},{},1809.06726,2,3
+60,easy,60,"If [MATH] depends on [MATH] linearly , the formula ( [REF] ) can be presented in especially simple form : [EQUATION]","If [MATH] on [MATH] linearly depends , formula ( [REF] ) can be presented in a particularly simple form : [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [16, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 17]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0102095,1,2
+61,easy,61,Recent developments on estimation of derivatives are contained in the works of [CITATION] and in [CITATION] .,Recent developments on estimation of derivatives are contained in [CITATION] and in [CITATION] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 12], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1412.7332,3,4
+62,easy,62,"Rewriting it according to Fox-Wright function , we achieve Theorem [REF] .","Writing it according to Fox-Wright function , we achieve Theorem [REF] .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}}",{},{},1804.11061,1,2
+63,easy,63,We therefore consider the more specific question of how the methods are likely to perform for given warm SSTs .,We therefore also consider the more specific question of how the methods are likely to perform for given warm SSTs .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}}",{},{},physics-0701176,1,2
+64,easy,64,"Recently , Ryu and Stroud [CITATION] have proposed that for large [MATH] , [MATH] and [MATH] merge into a single transition whereas for small [MATH] they are well separated .","More recently [CITATION] , it has been proposed that for large [MATH] , [MATH] and [MATH] merge into a single transition whereas for small [MATH] they are well separated .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 7]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 5]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 7]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 7]}}",cond-mat-9809115,1,2
+65,easy,65,"While this approach generates a significant simplification to a system highly complex to model , it may be argued that such a spontaneous emergence of coordination is somewhat unlikely .","While this approach generates a significant simplification to a highly complex system , it may be argued that such a spontaneous emergence of coordination is somewhat unlikely .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 12]}}",{},1309.7626,3,4
+66,easy,66,"When a REG is applied to a technology category , no new units are built but existing ones are left to operate until the end of their lifetime .","When a regulation is applied to a technology category , no new units are built but existing ones are left to operate until the end of their lifetime .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}}",{},{},1309.7626,3,4
+67,easy,67,"It would be useful to go beyond classical description to discuss for example cold , non-excited clusters .","It would be useful to go beyond present classical description to discuss for example cold , non-excited clusters .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}}",{},{},1106.0179,1,2
+68,easy,68,First of all one should notice the property of normability .,First of all one should note the property of normality .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 6]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0102095,1,2
+69,easy,69,"The goals of this work are in formulating the WWM relativistic formalism for scalar charged particles under the approach of [CITATION] and finding a set of specific peculiarities in relativistic quantum system behavior , that are related to the non-trivial structure of the position operator .","The goals of this paper are in formulating the WWM relativistic formalism for scalar charged particles under the approach of [CITATION] and finding a set of specific peculiarities in relativistic quantum system behavior , that are related to the non-trivial structure of the position operator .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0102095,1,2
+70,easy,70,"This model is described with an analysis in [CITATION] , relying on data from [CITATION] .","The algorithm used here is described with an analysis in [CITATION] , relying on data from [CITATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 4]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 2]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 4]}}",{},1309.7626,3,4
+71,easy,71,"Precisely , we show that under some regularity assumptions , the log-concavity of [MATH] induces a specific Riemannian differential geometry on the parameter space , and that taking into account this space geometry naturally leads to an intrinsic or canonical loss function to perform Bayesian point estimation .","Precisely , we show that under some regularity assumptions , the log-concavity of [MATH] induces a specific Riemannian differential geometry on the parameter space , and that taking into account this space geometry naturally leads to an intrinsic or canonical loss function to perform Bayesian point estimation in that space .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [47, 50]}}",{},{},1612.06149,3,4
+72,easy,72,In this state the up and down FS manifolds have different shapes and volumes .,In this state the up and down FS manifolds have unequal shapes and volumes .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}}",{},{},0907.1345,1,2
+73,easy,73,In this case all transforms are exact and one can analyse and synthesise real and complex signals using the MW sampling at floating-point precision .,In this case all transforms are theoretically exact and one can analyse and synthesise real and complex signals at floating-point precision .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 7]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [17, 21], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1211.1680,1,2
+74,easy,74,Finally we shall proceed to apply the closed solution to study the evolution of concurrence and purity of two interacting TLA with equal coupling and zero detuning but arbitrary dipole-dipole and Ising interactions .,Thus we shall apply the closed solution to study the time evolution of concurrence and purity of two interacting TLA with equal coupling and zero detuning but arbitrary dipole-dipole and Ising interactions .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}}",{},{},0911.3954,1,2
+75,easy,75,"However , since the parameters [MATH] and [MATH] differ at the one-loop level , one could substitute one set of them by another in Eq. ( [REF] ) .","Since the parameters [MATH] , [MATH] and [MATH] , [MATH] differ at the one-loop level , one could freely substitute one set of them by another in Eq. ( [REF] ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 6]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [8, 10]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},hep-ph-9812485,2,3
+76,easy,76,"[CITATION] They noted the advantage of such a potential energy landscape in permitting a low hysteresis , first order metamagnetic transition ( IEM ) .","They noted the applied advantage of such a potential energy landscape in permitting a low hysteresis , first order metamagnetic transition ( IEM ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 4]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1407.7975,1,2
+77,easy,77,Substitution of the operator of quasi-probability density expansion ( [REF] ) to ( [REF] ) leads to the expression for the matrix-valued Wigner function in coordinate representation .,Substitution of the operator of quasi-probability density expansion ( [REF] ) into ( [REF] ) leads to the expression for the matrix-valued Wigner function in the coordinate representation .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [25, 26]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 12], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 12]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0102095,1,2
+78,easy,78,Here we will keep [MATH] such that we can ignore the back-reaction of the D8/ [MATH] branes onto the background geometry ( probe approximation ) .,Here we will keep [MATH] such that we can ignore the back-reaction of the D8/ [MATH] branes onto the background geometry ( this is the so-called ' probe approximation ' ) .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-other', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [22, 27]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [29, 30]}}",{},{},1107.4048,1,2
+79,easy,79,"The equilibrium points of the autonomous system of ODE ( [REF] ) in the phase space [MATH] defined above , are listed in table [REF] while the eigenvalues of the corresponding linearization matrixes are shown in table [REF] .","The equilibrium points of the autonomous system of ODE ( [REF] ) in the phase space [MATH] defined above , are listed in table [REF] while the eigenvalues of the corresponding linearization matrices are shown in table [REF] .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [32, 33], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [32, 33]}}",{},{},0906.2617,1,2
+80,easy,80,"As analyzed in [CITATION] , [MATH] -D dynamic electric fields reduce the critical value of Schwinger effect , such that pair production from vacuum is more close to experimentally observable conditions .","As analysed in [CITATION] , [MATH] -D dynamic electric fields reduce the critical value of Schwinger effect , such that pair production from vacuum is more close to experimentally observable conditions .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}}",{},{},1811.11712,3,4
+81,easy,81,Not that the investigator might reconstruct each function [MATH] and its derivative [MATH] separately .,Note that the investigator might reconstruct each function [MATH] and its derivative [MATH] separately .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}}",{},{},1412.7332,3,4
+82,easy,82,"A. R. would like to thank Jason R. Auman for numerous enlighting discussions , Gregory G. Fahlman for constant encouragement on this project , as well as Randall J. LeVeque for help with numerical methods for multidimensional conservation laws .","A.R . would like to thank Jason R. Auman for numerous enlightening discussions , and Gregory G. Fahlman for constant encouragement on this project , as well as Randall J. LeVeque for help with numerical methods for multidimensional conservation laws .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 15]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 2]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 12], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 12]}}",{},{},astro-ph-9810425,2,3
+83,easy,83,In the last part of this section we provide a very short proof of the following theorem [CITATION] .,"In the last part of this section , we provide a very short proof of the following theorem [CITATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0209166,3,4
+84,easy,84,"We show that the cumulative effect of time dependent adhesion interactions that determine the structural rearrangements and self-generated force due to actin remodeling , dictate the super-diffusive motion of mesenchymal phenotype in the absence of flow .",We show that the cumulative effect of time-dependent adhesion interactions that determine the structural rearrangements and self-generated force due to actin remodeling dictate the super-diffusive motion of mesenchymal phenotype in the absence of flow .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [23, 24], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}}",{},{},1809.06726,2,3
+85,easy,85,The amoeboid cells form short lived adhesion with the collagen matrix .,The amoeboid cells form short-lived adhesion with the collagen matrix .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}}",{},{},1809.06726,2,3
+86,easy,86,From Eq ( [REF] ) we have [EQUATION] and using Eq. ( [REF] ) we obtain [EQUATION],"From Eq. ( [REF] ) , we have [EQUATION] and using Eq. ( [REF] ) , we obtain [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 6]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0209166,3,4
+87,easy,87,Recent experiment has demonstrated that interstitial flows regulate the cancer cell migration heterogeneity within a three dimensional biomatrix .,Recent experiment has demonstrated that interstitial flows regulate the cancer cell migration heterogeneity within a three-dimensional biomatrix .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [15, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}}",{},{},1809.06726,2,3
+88,easy,88,"In the active antenna-based systems , gain and phase are controlled by the active components such as power amplifier ( PA ) and low noise amplifier ( LNA ) attached to each antenna element .","In the active antenna-based systems , gain and phase are controlled by the active components , such as power amplifier ( PA ) and low noise amplifier ( LNA ) , attached to each antenna element .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [30, 31]}}",{},{},1601.00019,2,3
+89,easy,89,"Then , the RG relations can be used to obtain all possible solutions for the numbers [MATH] , [MATH] and [MATH] .","Then , the RG relations can be used to obtain all possible solutions for the numbers [MATH] , [MATH] , and [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 20]}}",{},{},hep-ph-9812485,2,3
+90,easy,90,"However this calculation is not straightforward and we have proposed to introduce an auxiliary Hamiltonian approach where the coarse-grained and atomistic potential are interpolated , and not the forces as in black the original AdResS .","However this calculation is not straightforward and we have proposed to introduce an auxiliary Hamiltonian approach where the coarse-grained and atomistic potential are interpolated , and not the forces as in the original AdResS .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [31, 32], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1311.6982,3,4
+91,easy,91,"The X-ray luminosity of a [MATH] erg s [MATH] ( 0.3–-10 keV ) , and the detection by the X-ray Telescope on-board Swift of a burst originated by a thermonuclear explosion at the surface of the compact object [CITATION] , firmly classified this source as an accreting neutron star in an X-ray binary .","The X-ray luminosity of a [MATH] erg s [MATH] ( 0.3–-10 keV ) , and the detection by the X-ray Telescope ( XRT ) on-board Swift of a burst originated by a thermonuclear explosion at the surface of the compact object [CITATION] , firmly classified this source as an accreting neutron star with a low-mass companion .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [21, 24]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [52, 56]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [49, 53], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1305.3884,1,2
+92,easy,92,Thus the number [MATH] of particles evaporated will satisfy [MATH] .,"In this limit , if the cluster reaches the wall with velocity [MATH] and is expelled from it with velocity [MATH] , the number [MATH] of particles evaporated will satisfy [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 22]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-other', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 22]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 3]}}",{},cond-mat-0006123,1,2
+93,easy,93,"This is due to two opposing forces acting against one another : the introduction of low carbon technologies force increases in electricity prices ( as seen in fig. [REF] ) , lowering real household disposable income , while low carbon technology production generates further employment in various industrial sectors , increasing household income .","This is due to two opposing forces acting against one another : the introduction of low carbon technologies force increases in electricity prices ( as seen in Fig. [REF] ) , lowering real household disposable income , while low carbon technology production generates further employment in various industrial sectors , increasing household income .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [27, 28], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [27, 28]}}",{},{},1309.7626,3,4
+94,easy,94,"As has been shown earlier however , in this perspective , reductions in power sector emissions may not necessarily imply significant macroeconomic costs ( direct and indirect ) but instead , could actually generate additional industrial activity and employment .","As has been shown earlier , in the disequilibrium perspective , reductions in power sector emissions may not necessarily imply significant macroeconomic costs ( direct and indirect ) but instead , could generate additional industrial activity and employment .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [32, 33], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 9]}}",{},{},1309.7626,3,4
+95,easy,95,"All additional emissions reductions are due to changes in fuels used , or , in other words , to changes of technologies .",All additional emissions reductions are due to changes in fuels used associated to changes of technologies .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-other', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 12]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 12]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},1309.7626,3,4
+96,easy,96,Here [MATH] is the torsion scalar constructed from the curvatureless Weizenbock connection [CITATION] .,Here [MATH] is the torsion scalar constructed from the curvatureless Weitzenbock connection [CITATION] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}}",{},{},1503.05281,1,2
+97,easy,97,"We also provided a new necessary sub-majorization condition for pure transformations , which allows to write each contraction in terms of the Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse of the matrix of the entangled state .","We also provided a necessary submajorization condition for pure transformations , which allows to write each contraction in terms of the Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse of the matrix of the entangled state .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 6]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0209166,3,4
+98,easy,98,"This work has been partially funded by FONDAP under grant 11980002 , Fondecyt under grants 1000884 and 2990108 , and by Fundacion Andes through a doctoral scholarship .","This work has been partially funded by Fundacion Andes through a doctoral scholarship , Fondecyt through grants 2990108 and 1000884 , and by FONDAP through grant 11980002 .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [24, 25]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 27]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 21], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},cond-mat-0006123,1,2
+99,easy,99,"According to [REF] , we learn that [MATH] is strictly increasing in [MATH] .","According to [REF] , we know that [MATH] is strictly increasing in [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 6]}}",{},{},1606.06490,1,2
+100,easy,100,We see in Fig. [REF] that the linear theory reproduces [MATH] at [MATH] only at [MATH] Mpc [MATH] .,We see in Fig. [REF] that the linear theory reproduces the ISW+RS [MATH] at [MATH] only at [MATH] Mpc [MATH] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 12]}}",{},{},0809.4488,2,3
+101,easy,101,These empirical studies found that the preparation of single phase compositions is limited to low interstitial concentrations and that only hydrogen is capable of the increase of magnetic transition to room temperature without the diminution of useful isothermal entropy change .,These empirical studies found that the preparation of single phase compositions is limited to low interstitial concentrations and that only hydrogen is capable of the increase of magnetic transition to room temperature without the diminution of useful isothermal entropy change [CITATION] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [40, 41]}}",{},{},1407.7975,1,2
+102,easy,102,Substituting Eq. ( [REF] ) in Eq. ( [REF] ) one has [EQUATION] and using Eq. ( [REF] ) one has [EQUATION],"Substituting Eq. ( [REF] ) in Eq. ( [REF] ) , one has [EQUATION] and using Eq. ( [REF] ) , one has [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [20, 21]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0209166,3,4
+103,easy,103,Let [MATH] and [MATH] both be complex numbers .,Let [MATH] and [MATH] be complex numbers .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1804.11061,1,2
+104,easy,104,"Let [MATH] denote the set of finite sets of integers [MATH] , whose gaps are bounded by [MATH] ; we might call such sets [MATH] -syndetic .",Let [MATH] denote the set of finite sets of integers [MATH] whose gaps are bounded by [MATH] ; we might call such sets [MATH] -syndetic .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 12], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1507.07370,1,2
+105,easy,105,"The action [MATH] can be obtained by writing down the probability distribution [MATH] corresponding to the noise term [MATH] , and the action [MATH] in terms of [MATH] with the help of Eq. ( [REF] ) .","The action [MATH] can be obtained by writing down the probability distribution [MATH] corresponding to the noise term [MATH] , and the action [MATH] in terms of [MATH] with the help of Eq. ( [REF] ) , where [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [36, 39]}}",{},{},1809.06726,2,3
+106,easy,106,This type of wave control mechanism is referred to as the 3D beamforming .,This type of wave control mechanism is also referred to as the 3D beamforming .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}}",{},{},1601.00019,2,3
+107,easy,107,"However , it is observed not for all physical variables .","However , it is not observed for all physical variables .",{},"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 6]}}",{},quant-ph-0102095,1,2
+108,easy,108,The simulations include a comprehensive model for galaxy formation physics ( see G15 ) which includes the most important baryonic processes .,The simulations include a comprehensive model for galaxy formation physics ( see G16 ) which includes the most important baryonic processes .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [12, 13]}}",{},{},1512.03064,1,2
+109,easy,109,A simple test mimicing the evolution of dense clouds in the presence of ionizing radiation is to enclose the computational region in an isotropic bath of photons .,A simple test mimicking the evolution of dense clouds in the presence of ionizing radiation is to enclose the computational region in an isotropic bath of photons .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 4]}}",{},{},astro-ph-9810425,2,3
+110,easy,110,"It evaluates the parameters of 33 econometric equations onto data between 1971 and 2010 , and extrapolates these equations between 2010 and 2050 .","It evaluates the parameters of 28 econometric equations onto data between 1971 and 2010 , and extrapolates these equations between 2010 and 2050 .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 6]}}",{},{},1309.7626,2,3
+111,easy,111,"EF thanks the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics ( KITP ) of the University of California Santa Barbara for hospitality under the program "" The Physics of Higher Temperature Superconductivity "" .",EF thanks the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics ( KITP ) of the University of California Santa Barbara for hospitality .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [20, 31], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},0907.1345,1,2
+112,easy,112,"We discussed key features of FD-MIMO systems , main issues in standardization of system design such as channel model , transceiver architectures , pilot transmission and CSI feedback scheme .","We discussed key features of FD-MIMO systems and main issues in standardization of system design , such as channel model , transceiver architectures , pilot transmission , and CSI feedback scheme .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [26, 27]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}}",{},{},1601.00019,2,3
+113,easy,113,The model under consideration is supposed to be the low-energy limit of some unknown renormalizable theory describing interactions at energies [MATH] .,"As we mentioned before , the model under consideration is supposed to be the low-energy limit of some unspecified renormalizable theory describing interactions at energies [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 5]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}}",{},{},hep-ph-9812485,1,2
+114,easy,114,"In a sense , the relations ( [REF] ) mean that the [MATH] -boson couplings to the SM axial currents have the universal absolute value , if a single light scalar doublet exists .","In a sense , the relations ( [REF] ) mean that the [MATH] boson couplings to the SM axial-vector currents have the universal absolute value , if a single light scalar doublet exists .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}}",{},{},hep-ph-9812485,2,3
+115,easy,115,The results of the investigation are summarized in section [REF] .,The results of the investigation as well as the prospects are discussed in Sec. [REF] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 10]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 12]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}}",{},{},hep-ph-9812485,2,3
+116,easy,116,"[CITATION] In this approach , [MATH] is computed from the group velocity , the mode-dependent heat capacity , and the single-mode relaxation time ( approximated by the phonon lifetime ) , all of which rely on the anharmonic force constants computed at the first-principles level .","In this approach , [MATH] is computed from the group velocity , the mode-dependent heat capacity , and the single-mode relaxation time ( approximated by the phonon lifetime ) , all of which rely on either the harmonic or the anharmonic force constants computed at the first-principles level .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [35, 39]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1906.06378,1,2
+117,easy,117,Here we note that in principle equation ( [REF] ) can be written with four-dimensional Lorenz invariant symbols only .,"Here we note that in principle equation ( [REF] ) can be written with four-dimensional Lorentz invariant symbols only , but to do this we have to incorporate in the theory a certain time-like unit vector in a way similar to Tomonaga-Schwinger approach to quantum field theory [CITATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 48]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [15, 16], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0102095,1,2
+118,easy,118,"Nevertheless , formally use of such quasi-probability makes it possible to calculate average values of the variables dependent on coordinate .","Nevertheless , formal use of such quasi-probability makes it possible to calculate average values of the variables dependent on coordinate .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0102095,1,2
+119,easy,119,One can relate this hyper-surface with the measurement device frame .,One can relate this hyper-surface to the measurement device frame .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 6]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0102095,1,2
+120,easy,120,It suppresses the cross-correlation power spectrum by about [MATH] at acrminute scales .,"For the high redshift samples , it becomes important at sub-degree scales for the high redshift samples where it suppresses the cross-correlation power spectrum by about [MATH] at acrminute scales .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 18]}}",{},{},0809.4488,2,3
+121,easy,121,"In Sec. II we give a short and very simple proof of the theorem of Lo and Popescu [CITATION] , which is at the basis of the theory of all LOCC , and which states that given two separate parties , say Alice and Bob , all LOCC transformations on a pure bipartite entangled state can be reduced to a contraction by Alice and a unitary transformation by Bob .","In Sec. II we give a short and very simple proof of the theorem of Lo and Popescu [CITATION] , which is at the basis of the theory of all LOCC , and which states that given two separate parties , say Alice and Bob , all LOCC transformations on a pure bipartite state can be reduced to a contraction by Alice and a unitary transformation by Bob .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [53, 54], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},quant-ph-0209166,1,2
+122,easy,122,"We first consider the case where [MATH] is smooth and strongly log-concave , and later analyse the effect of relaxing these assumptions .","We focus on the case where [MATH] is smooth and strongly log-concave , and later analyse the effect of relaxing these assumptions .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 3]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 3]}}",{},1612.06149,3,4
+123,easy,123,The parameter space will be further explored in a full length paper .,The parameter space of the model will be further explored in a full length paper .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 6]}}",{},{},0911.3954,1,2
+124,easy,124,Two type of motility ( e.g. amoeboid and mesenchymal ) have been broadly categorized in cell migration in 3D architechture [CITATION] .,Two types of motility ( e.g. amoeboid and mesenchymal ) have been broadly categorized in cell migration in 3D architechture [CITATION] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}}",{},{},1809.06726,2,3
+125,easy,125,Section [REF] present a list of final remarks .,Section [REF] is a summary together with some final remarks .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 7]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-other', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 5]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 8]}}",{},1412.7332,2,3
+126,easy,126,"In the following , we will study also different optimality criteria in experimental designs with functional data .","As a matter of future work , we will study also different optimality criteria in the context of functional data models .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [20, 21]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 6]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 18]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 6]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 21]}}",{},1412.7332,1,2
+127,easy,127,"Each considered SIR-network model captures a class of vaccination behaviors influenced by epidemic characteristics , interaction topology , and imitation dynamics .","Each considered SIR-network model captures a class of vaccination behaviours influenced by epidemic characteristics , interaction topology , and imitation dynamics .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}}",{},{},1905.00734,1,2
+128,easy,128,"Second , because the non-differentiable points do not have Euclidean tangent spaces , instead of a global manifold we consider the collection local manifolds associated with the regions of [MATH] where [MATH] is [MATH] .","Second , because the non-differentiable points do not have Euclidean tangent spaces , instead of a global manifold we need to consider the collection local manifolds associated with the regions of [MATH] where [MATH] is [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-other', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 21]}}",{},{},1612.06149,3,4
+129,easy,129,"For this purpose , we will need some basic definitions and results from the theory of ODEs .","For this purpose , I will need some basic definitions and results from the theory of ODEs .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}}",{},{},1106.4223,1,2
+130,easy,130,The subtleties of the asymptotic expansions illustrate the rich physical content behind the nonlinear dispersion relation of the Bogoliubov-vacuum .,The subtleties of the asymptotic expansions illustrate the rich physical content behind the nonlinear dispersion relation of the Bogoliubov vacuum .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 20]}}",{},{},0809.1816,1,2
+131,easy,131,"Hence , dynamics of quasi-distribution functions for systems of particles with charges of same sign ( charge definite states ) is identical in both cases .","Hence , the dynamics of quasi-distribution functions for systems of particles with charges of the same sign ( charge definite states ) is identical in both cases .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 15]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0102095,1,2
+132,easy,132,Recently we have suggested an alternative route to the calculation of the chemical potential by employing the Adaptive Resolution Simulation method in its Grand Canonical-like formulation ( GC-AdResS ) [CITATION] .,Recently we have suggested that the chemical potential could be calculated by employing the Adaptive Resolution Simulation method in its Grand Canonical-like formulation ( GC-AdResS ) [CITATION] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [8, 10]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-other', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [8, 10]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}}",{},1311.6982,1,2
+133,easy,133,"According to Semenoff and Zarembo 's holographic setup [CITATION] , the exponential factor in the production rate of the gauge field is obtained from the superstring counterpart by the area of the string worldsheet attached to a probe D3-brane , i.e. [EQUATION] where [MATH] is the Nambu-Goto ( NG ) action [CITATION] [EQUATION] and [MATH] is the Kalb-Ramond [CITATION] 2-form ( or NS-NS , where NS is the abbreviation of Neveu-Schwarz [CITATION] ) as an string interaction term , [EQUATION]","According to the Semenoff and Zarembo 's holographic setup [CITATION] , the exponential factor in the production rate of the gauge field is obtained from the superstring counterpart by the area of the string worldsheet attached to a probe D3-brane , i.e. [EQUATION] where [MATH] is the Nambu-Goto ( NG ) action [CITATION] [EQUATION] depending on the induced metric [EQUATION] and [MATH] is the Kalb-Ramond [CITATION] 2-form ( or NS-NS , where NS is the abbreviation of Neveu-Schwarz [CITATION] ) as an string interaction term , [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [54, 60]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [53, 59]}}",{},1811.11712,3,4
+134,easy,134,If [MATH] the FS is a sphere .,If [MATH] the FS of are spheres .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 7]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 7]}}",{},0907.1345,1,2
+135,easy,135,"We review the quiver matrix model ( the ITEP model ) in the light of the recent progress on 2d-4d connection of conformal field theories , in particular , the AGT conjecture and the recent proposal by Dijkgraaf and Vafa on the relation between Toda field theories and a class of quiver superconformal gauge theories .","We review the quiver matrix model ( the ITEP model ) in the light of the recent progress on 2d-4d connection of conformal field theories , in particular , on the relation between Toda field theories and a class of quiver superconformal gauge theories .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [29, 40], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},0911.4244,1,2
+136,easy,136,"However , despite its success and rapid adoption , maximum-a-posteriori estimation is not theoretically well understood yet .","However , despite its success and rapid adoption , MAP estimation is not theoretically well understood yet , and the prevalent view is that it is generally not proper Bayesian estimation in a decision-theoretic sense .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 35]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}}",{},{},1612.06149,2,3
+137,easy,137,"Finally , one can check that the RG relation ( [REF] ) is fulfilled only if Eq. ( [REF] ) holds .","Finally , one can also check that the RG relations ( [REF] ) are fulfilled only if Eq. ( [REF] ) holds .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}}",{},{},hep-ph-9812485,1,2
+138,easy,138,"To verify the last equation [MATH] , denote by [MATH] the Lebesgue measure on [MATH] , and observe that the map [MATH] is measurable .","To verify equation [MATH] , denote by [MATH] the Lebesgue measure on [MATH] , and observe that the map [MATH] is measurable .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1802.09996,1,2
+139,easy,139,"To provide an explicit estimation , we treat the worldsheet in the particular problems as perturbations around the one with circle boundary , which has been solved exactly .","To provide an explicit estimation , we treat the specific worldsheets as perturbations around the one with circle boundary , which had been solved exactly .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [24, 25], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [21, 22]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 11]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [24, 25], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [21, 22]}}",{},1811.11712,1,2
+140,easy,140,"In the study item phase , two CSI-RS transmission strategies , i.e. , extension of conventional non-precoded CSI-RS and beamformed CSI-RS , are suggested .","In the FD-MIMO systems , two CSI-RS transmission strategies , i.e. , extension of conventional non-precoded CSI-RS and beamformed CSI-RS , are suggested .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 4]}}",{},{},1601.00019,1,2
+141,easy,141,"Therefore , the obtained results are not valid when the field goes close to the Schwinger limit , and can not answer the question whether a vacuum cascade happens near the critical field strength .","Therefore , the obtained results are not valid when the field goes close to the critical limit , and can not answer the question whether a vacuum cascade happens near the critical field strength .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [15, 16], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}}",{},{},1811.11712,2,3
+142,easy,142,"For this purpose , we introduce the formula for square of the module of scalar product of state [MATH] and state [MATH] : [EQUATION]","For this purpose , we introduce the formula for the square of the module of the scalar product of state [MATH] and state [MATH] : [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0102095,1,2
+143,easy,143,The corresponding collective field realization of chiral scalars are given by [EQUATION],The corresponding collective field realization of chiral scalars is given by [EQUATION],"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [8, 9]}}",{},{},0911.4244,1,2
+144,easy,144,"In fact , the obtained relations ( [REF] ) demonstrate that the fermion and the scalar sectors of the new physics are strongly connected .","In fact , the obtained relations ( [REF] ) demonstrate that the fermion and the scalar sectors of new physics are strongly connected .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},hep-ph-9812485,2,3
+145,easy,145,"From the figures and tables , we see that the spatially flat [MATH] CDM model is a reasonable fit to the [MATH] and BAO data we use .","From the figures and tables , we see that the spatially flat [MATH] CDM model is a reasonable fit to the [MATH] and BAO data we use ( although the flat XCDM parametrization and flat [MATH] CDM model provide slightly better fits in the [MATH] km s [MATH] Mpc [MATH] case ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [27, 52]}}",{},{},1805.06408,1,2
+146,easy,146,"It should be noticed , that this approach differs from [CITATION] where there is the preferred frame .","It should be noted , that this approach differs from [CITATION] where there is the preferred frame .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 4]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0102095,1,2
+147,easy,147,The first example is pair production in the single-pulse field [CITATION] .,"Let us see the first nontrivial example , pair production in the single-pulse field [CITATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 3]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 6]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 3]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 6]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 8]}}",1811.11712,2,3
+148,easy,148,"While massive MIMO technology is key enabler for the next generation cellular systems , there are many practical challenges down the road to the successful commercialization .","While the massive MIMO technology is one of key enabler for the next generation cellular systems , there are many practical challenges down the road to the successful commercialization .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 8]}}",{},{},1601.00019,1,2
+149,easy,149,"We observed delays of the pulse arrival times produced by the circular orbit of the neutron star around a companion star of a mass larger than [MATH] , with an orbital period of [MATH] hours .","We observed delays of the pulse arrival times produced by the orbit of the neutron star around a companion star of a mass [MATH] , with an orbital period of [MATH] hours ( see Fig. [REF] ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [32, 37]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 12], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [24, 26], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1305.3884,1,2
+150,easy,150,"For the Galambos copula , an alternative and exact simulation strategy is developed in [CITATION] , based on an idea originally due to [CITATION] .","For extreme-value copulas , a family whose intersection with reciprocal Archimedean copulas equals the Galambos copula , an alternative and exact simulation strategy is developed in [CITATION] , based on an idea originally due to [CITATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 13]}}",{},{},1802.09996,1,2
+151,easy,151,"In this context early scrapping of usable capital produces stranded assets that do not produce the expected income , generates losses and requiring new investments earlier than expected .","In this context , early scrapping of usable capital produces stranded assets that do not produce the expected income , generating losses and requiring new investments earlier than expected .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 4]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [19, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [20, 21]}}",{},{},1309.7626,1,2
+152,easy,152,"However after computations , we find that the introduction of the correction term also leads to a contradiction to the weak-field condition near the critical field strength , which makes it indispensable to further investigate the strong-coupling case in a dynamic field .","However after computations , we find that the introduction of the correction term also leads to a contradiction to the weak-field condition near the critical field strength .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [27, 42], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1811.11712,3,4
+153,easy,153,"For example , once the eNB obtains the CDI , this can be used for the beamforming vector of two-port CSI-RS and each CSI-RS port is mapped to the different polarized antennas .","For example , once eNB obtains the CDI , this can be used for the beamforming vector of two-port CSI-RS and each CSI-RS port is mapped to the different polarized antennas .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1601.00019,1,2
+154,easy,154,"Note that in the low network loading ( low interference scenario ) , gain of the FD-MIMO systems is coming from the 3D beamforming and in the medium to high network loading ( high interference scenario ) , gain is mainly due to the multiuser precoding of the 2D active antenna array .","In the medium to high network loading ( high interference scenario ) , this gain is mainly due to the multiuser precoding of the 2D active antenna array .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 25], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1601.00019,2,3
+155,easy,155,"In the second case , eNB transmits multiple beamformed CSI-RS and among these UE selects the preferred CSI-RS and then feeds back the index of it .","In the second strategy , eNB transmits multiple beamformed CSI-RS ( for simplicity , we call it beam ) using connected arrays architecture .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 23]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 26], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 4]}}",{},{},1601.00019,1,2
+156,easy,156,"Finally , subsec : limit deals with the behavior of the function [MATH] in the limit of the effective coupling constant going to zero .","Finally , subsec : limit deals with the behavior of the function [MATH] in the limit of the effective coupling constant between the particles going to zero .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [21, 24]}}",{},{},0809.1816,1,2
+157,easy,157,"In order to support backward compatibility and also perform fair comparison among schemes under test , we employ the conventional MMSE based channel estimation .","In order to support the backward compatibility and also perform fair comparison among schemes under test , we employ the conventional MMSE-based channel estimation .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [20, 22], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [21, 22]}}",{},{},1601.00019,2,3
+158,easy,158,"Hence , it follows that originally independent parameters [MATH] , [MATH] , [MATH] are appeared to be connected .","Hence one can see that originally independent parameters [MATH] , [MATH] , [MATH] are appeared to be the connected ones .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-other', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [17, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 20]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 4]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 20]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 18]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 4]}}",{},hep-ph-9812485,1,2
+159,easy,159,"In addition , the introduction of the correction term leads to a contradiction to the weak-field condition near the critical field strength , which also makes it indispensable to further investigate the strong-coupling case in a dynamic field .","However after computations , we find that the introduction of the correction term also leads to a contradiction to the weak-field condition near the critical field strength , which makes it indispensable to further investigate the strong-coupling case in a dynamic field .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 7]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 7]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 3]}}",{},1811.11712,2,3
+160,easy,160,The organization of this paper is as follows : we first briefly review the model used in the simulations and then discuss our results and their implications .,The organization of this paper is as follows .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 27], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},cond-mat-9809115,1,2
+161,easy,161,We then just need to select a permutation matrix [MATH] for every [MATH] and then to randomly change a [MATH] -entry into a [MATH] in one of the matrices without modifying the block-permutation structures : this is always possible as the blocks of the partitions are non trivial and a permutation matrix has just [MATH] positive entries .,We then just need to select a permutation matrix [MATH] for every [MATH] and then to randomly change a [MATH] -entry into a [MATH] in one of the matrices without modifying its block-permutation structures : this is always possible as the blocks of the partitions are non trivial and a permutation matrix has just [MATH] positive entries .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [31, 32], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [31, 32]}}",{},{},1805.06723,1,2
+162,easy,162,"The important ( analytical ) technic used by both authors is the estimation of the distortion function , which has already appeared in [CITATION] .","In [CITATION] and [CITATION] , the important ( analytical ) technic used by both authors is the estimation of the distortion function , which has already appeared in [CITATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 5]}}",{},{},0803.2583,1,2
+163,easy,163,The obtained results are summarized in section [REF] .,The results of the investigation are summarized in section [REF] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 5]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 5]}}",{},hep-ph-9812485,1,2
+164,easy,164,The basic idea of our technique is to use an upwind monotonic scheme to propagate 1D wavefronts along a large number of rays in 3D at the speed of light .,For the diffuse component we use an upwind monotonic scheme to propagate 1D wavefronts [MATH] along a large number of rays in 3D at the speed of light .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 5]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 15]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 15]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 5]}}",{},astro-ph-9810425,2,3
+165,easy,165,"In angular space , on the right-hand panel , the RS effect is seen to dominates at scales smaller than one degree and it is still significant even at a few degrees .","In angular space , on the right-hand panel , the RS effect is negligible at [MATH] degree for all redshift samples .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 32], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 21]}}",{},{},0809.4488,1,2
+166,easy,166,"[CITATION] Depending on the specific application , materials with different ranges of [MATH] values are desired .","Depending on the specific application , materials with different ranges of [MATH] values are desired .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1906.06378,1,2
+167,easy,167,"Additionally , recent astrophysical observations indicate us that the universe is presently undergoing a phase of accelerated expansion that has been attributed to a peculiar kind of source of the Einstein 's field equations aknowledged as "" dark energy "" [CITATION] The crucial feature of the dark energy which ensures an accelerated expansion of the universe is that it breaks the strong energy condition .","Additionally , recent astrophysical observations indicate us that the universe is presently undergoing a phase of accelerated expansion that has been attributed to a peculiar kind of source of the Einstein 's field equations acknowledged as "" dark energy "" [CITATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [41, 64], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [34, 35], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [34, 35]}}",{},{},0906.2617,1,2
+168,easy,168,"As [MATH] , [EQUATION] namely the zeroth order of [MATH] is just the circle boundary .","Thus to make an effect estimation , we expand the instanton at adiabatic limit , i.e. [MATH] , [EQUATION] namely the zeroth order of [MATH] is just the circle boundary eq. [REF] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 15]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [30, 32]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}}",{},{},1811.11712,2,3
+169,easy,169,"Much of the difficulty , thus , comes from inability to get decent numerical resolution in the 5D ( or 6D with frequency ) space with present-day computers .",Much of the difficulty thus comes from inability to get decent numerical resolution in the 5D ( or 6D with frequency ) space with present-day computers .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},astro-ph-9810425,2,3
+170,easy,170,"In contrast , when antennas are arranged in a square array , relatively small space is required ( e.g. , 1.0 [MATH] 0.5m with dual-polarized 8 [MATH] 8 antenna array ) .","In contrast , when antennas are arranged in a square array , relatively small space is required for 2D antenna array ( e.g. , 1.0 [MATH] 0.5m with dual-polarized 8 [MATH] 8 antenna array ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 21]}}",{},{},1601.00019,2,3
+171,easy,171,Here we adopt an opposite perspective : we start by defining a Riemannian manifold [MATH] and then use the relationship to identify the divergence functions that arise naturally in that space .,Here we adopt an opposite perspective : we start by considering a Riemannian manifold [MATH] and then use the relationship to identify the divergence functions that arise naturally in that space .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}}",{},{},1612.06149,2,3
+172,easy,172,"We show that in a diffusion and path-dependent perspective , the impact of combinations of policies does not correspond to the sum of the impacts of individual instruments : synergies exist between policy tools .","We show that in a diffusion and path-dependent perspective , the impact of combinations of policies does not correspond to the sum of impacts of individual instruments : synergies exist between policy tools .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [23, 24], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1309.7626,3,4
+173,hard,173,"Meanwhile , the electricity decarbonisation scenario yields warming values of [MATH] C with carbon cycle uncertainty only and [MATH] C with both carbon cycle and climate model uncertainties , with a very small probability of not exceeding [MATH] C of warming .","Meanwhile , the electricity decarbonisation scenario yields warming values of between [MATH] C and [MATH] C , median of [MATH] C , with carbon cycle uncertainty only and between [MATH] C and [MATH] C , same median , with both carbon cycle and climate model uncertainties .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 22]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [27, 31]}, '3': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [34, 38]}, '4': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [28, 41], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1309.7626,2,3
+174,hard,174,"These include new transceiver architecture ( TXRU architecture ) , new RS transmission scheme ( beamformed CSI-RS transmissions ) , and channel direction information feedback , and many more .","These include new transmitter architecture ( array connected architecture ) , new RS transmission scheme ( beamformed CSI-RS transmissions ) , and enhanced channel feedback ( beam index feedback ) , and many more .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [25, 30]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [22, 23]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [22, 24], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 4]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 8]}}",{},{},1601.00019,1,2
+175,hard,175,"Since in GC-AdResS the procedure to calculate [MATH] corresponds to the standard initial equilibration of the system , the advantage of the proposed approach is that [MATH] is automatically calculated every time a simulation is performed .","In GC-AdResS the procedure to calculate [MATH] corresponds to the process of standard initial equilibration of the system ; this implies that , independently of the specific aim of the study , [MATH] , for each molecular species , is automatically calculated every time a GC-AdResS simulation is performed .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 12]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 32]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [33, 39]}, '3': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [45, 46]}, '4': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '5': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 26], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '6': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [17, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}}",{},{},1311.6982,1,2
+176,easy,176,Thus the regularised Wilson loop for single scalar pair can be recovered [CITATION] [EQUATION],Hence the regularised Wilson loop for a single scalar pair can be recovered as [CITATION] [EQUATION] and the production rate is given by [EQUATION] from which the critical field for vacuum cascade can be estimated by [EQUATION],"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 7]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 37]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}}",{},{},1811.11712,1,2
+177,hard,177,"We consider this abstract question in the context of a simple but realistic model , in which we use observed SSTs , the mean number of hurricanes in the basin is a linear function of SST , and each basin hurricane has a constant probability of making landfall .","It uses observed SSTs , models the mean number of hurricanes in the basin as a linear function of SST , and models each basin hurricane as having a constant probability of making landfall .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 6]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [22, 23]}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [30, 31], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 15]}, '6': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [41, 42], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [26, 28]}}",{},{},physics-0701176,1,2
+178,hard,178,The corresponding additional abelian vector boson [MATH] is supposed to be massive with the mass [MATH] much greater than the [MATH] -boson mass [MATH] .,It involves the SM and the additional Abelian vector boson [MATH] which is supposed to be a massive particle with the mass [MATH] much heavier than the [MATH] -boson mass .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 5]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 12]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [23, 24], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [17, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [24, 25]}, '6': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 12], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 19]}}",{},{},hep-ph-9812485,2,3
+179,hard,179,We also find a class of states whose spin entanglement remains invariant under Lorentz transformations .,"We also find a set of states , of which the marginal entropy , entanglement and measurement results of the spins are independent of the frames from which they are observed .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [21, 24]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 21]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 10]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [24, 31]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0211159,1,2
+180,hard,180,"Then , like it is done in Sec. [REF] , one can obtain a formula that reconstructs the Weyl symbol of operator and its even and odd parts in the Feshbach - Villars representation : [EQUATION]","Then , as was achieved in Sec. [REF] , one can obtain a formula that reconstructs the Weyl symbol from the operator , with even and odd parts , in the FeshbachVillars representation : [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [20, 21]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [28, 29]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 5]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [20, 21], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 20]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [30, 33], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [31, 32]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [22, 24], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [22, 24]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0102095,1,2
+181,easy,181,This is in contrast with the power spectrum of the density field which only deviates from linear theory at low redshift and on small scales .,This is in contrast with the power spectrum of the density field which deviates from linear theory on progressively larger scales at lower and lower redshift .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [21, 22], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [19, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [22, 25]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [23, 24], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 20]}}",{},{},0809.4488,2,3
+182,hard,182,"In practice this [MATH] -BLUE can not be computed explicetely , since the Riesz rapresentative is only implicetely defined .","In practice this [MATH] -BLUE can not be computed explicitly , since the representative is only implicitly defined in infinite dimensions .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 21]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [17, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 17]}}",{},{},1412.7332,2,3
+183,hard,183,"In the practice , however , the functions are represented is a basis expansion which is truncated at some order .","Neverthless , practitioners are used to represent functions in a basis expansion which is truncated at some order .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [8, 9]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}, '6': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 7]}}",{},{},1412.7332,1,2
+184,hard,184,"Casimir forces in BECs have indeed been found by several authors : For the parallel plate geometry , an asymptotic expansion of the Casimir force has been calculated in [CITATION] , the small expansion parameter being the ratio between healing length and plate separation .","Different scenarios for Casimir forces in BECs have been analyzed by previous work : for the parallel plate geometry , an asymptotic expansion of the Casimir force has been calculated in [CITATION] , the small expansion parameter being the ratio between healing length and plate separation .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 3]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 15]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 13]}}",{},{},0809.1816,1,2
+185,hard,185,"We say that a matrix [MATH] is compatible with a [MATH] -partition [MATH] and a permutation [MATH] if for all [MATH] , there exists a permutation matrix [MATH] such that [EQUATION]","Given a matrix [MATH] and a [MATH] -partition [MATH] , we say that a permutation [MATH] is compatible with [MATH] and [MATH] if for all [MATH] , there exists a permutation matrix [MATH] such that [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [8, 10]}, '3': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 22]}, '4': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 22]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}}",{},1805.06723,1,2
+186,easy,186,An experimental design is given by the choice of these locations and by the number of observations to be taken at each location .,An experimental design is given by the choice of these locations ( the different experimental conditions ) and by the number of times that the experiment has to be replicated at each location .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 17]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [26, 27]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [16, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [22, 26]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [19, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [29, 30]}}",{},{},1412.7332,1,2
+187,hard,187,"Cost-optimisation technology models , in normative mode , are the most powerful for finding with outstanding detail lowest cost future technology pathways that reach particular objectives .","Cost-optimisation technology models , in normative mode , are still the most powerful tools for finding detailed , lowest-cost future technology pathways that reach particular objectives .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 18]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 17]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [17, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}}",{},{},1309.7626,3,4
+188,hard,188,"Fortunately , the regime of validity of the above equations can be greatly extended using a self-consistency condition inspired by Brillouin-Wigner perturbation theory , [CITATION] , which resums these leading divergences to infinite order .","This can be achieved using a self-consistency condition inspired by Brillouin-Wigner perturbation theory , [CITATION] which allows to extend greatly the regime of validity of the perturbative scheme .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 4]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 18]}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [25, 26], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '5': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [27, 34], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '6': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [26, 28]}, '7': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}}",{},{},0902.1111,1,2
+189,hard,189,"First of all , the figure illustrates our analytical model that the BL-throughput of a transmission period [MATH] ( conditioned on the outdated CSI ) is quasi-concave in SNR weights [MATH] and [MATH] .","First of all , the figure illustrates that the FBL throughput per frame is quasi-concave in the scheduling weights [MATH] and [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 25], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 11]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [28, 29], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 18]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 12]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [12, 13]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 25], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [28, 29], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 18]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 13]}}",{},1606.06490,1,2
+190,hard,190,"For the constant electric field , worldline instanton is a circle , and the production rate of single scalar pair is given by [EQUATION] where [MATH] is Schwinger limit in the natural unit .","For a constant electric field , the worldline instanton is a circle , and the production rate of a single scalar pair is given by [EQUATION] where [MATH] is the Schwinger limit in natural units .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [29, 30]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 7]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [30, 33], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [33, 35]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [29, 30]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 7]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [32, 33], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [34, 35]}, '5': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [30, 31], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},1811.11712,1,2
+191,hard,191,"The usual ( not Lorenz invariant ) Weyl rule makes it possible to introduce Wigner function that is not Lorenz invariant but all average values calculated with it , coincide with ones calculated with Lorenz invariant wave function .","The usual ( not Lorentz invariant ) Weyl rule makes it possible to introduce the Wigner function that is not Lorentz invariant , but all average values calculated with it coincide with ones calculated with Lorentz invariant wavefunction .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 15]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [22, 23]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [28, 29], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [19, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [20, 21]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [36, 38], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [37, 38]}, '6': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [34, 35], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [35, 36]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0102095,1,2
+192,easy,192,"We assume that the density fluctuates around a constant value , which simplifies the multiplicative noise term ( last term in Eq. ( [REF] ) ) .","To simplify the multiplicative noise term ( last term in Eq. ( 2 ) in the main text ) , we assume that the density fluctuates around a constant value .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 18]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 2]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [23, 24], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [12, 13]}}",{},{},1809.06726,1,2
+193,easy,193,"However it is also widely accepted that warming beyond 4 [MATH] C is likely to lead to catastrophic consequences to global ecosystems and food chains , with important repercussions to global human welfare .","However warming beyond 2 [MATH] C is likely to lead to catastrophic consequences for global ecosystems and food chains , with important repercussions for global human welfare .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 4]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [19, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [29, 30], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [23, 24]}}",{},{},1309.7626,3,4
+194,hard,194,"Numerous simulations using the 3D XY model [CITATION] , London [CITATION] and Lowest Landau Level approximation [CITATION] have indicated that the melted vortex liquid is incoherent , i.e. phase coherence in any direction is zero .","Numerous simulations using the 3DXY model [CITATION] , London [CITATION] and Lowest Landau Level approximations [CITATION] have indicated that the vortex liquid is incoherent , i.e. the phase coherence or superfluid density in any direction , is zero .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [26, 27]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [29, 32]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [35, 36]}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [21, 22], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [15, 16], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 15]}}",{},{},cond-mat-9809115,1,2
+195,hard,195,"Hence , with the exact SNRs [MATH] and [MATH] the overall error probability of relaying during transmission period [MATH] is given by : [EQUATION] where [MATH] .","Assuming [MATH] is the scheduled coding rate for frame [MATH] with instantaneous SNRs [MATH] and [MATH] , the overall error probability of the relaying system during frame [MATH] is : [EQUATION] where [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 10]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 17]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [20, 22], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [22, 25]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [16, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [26, 27]}, '6': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 12]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 10]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 17]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [20, 22], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [22, 23]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [16, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [26, 27]}, '6': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 12]}, '7': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [24, 25]}}",{},1606.06490,1,2
+196,easy,196,"Under the two-hop relaying scenario , if the coding rate at each hop during transmission period [MATH] is [MATH] , the ( source-to-destination ) equivalent coding rate during the period is actually [MATH] .","Notice that for the relaying system considered , the ( source-to-destination ) equivalent coding rate during each frame [MATH] is actually [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [28, 30], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 18]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 7]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [28, 30], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 18]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 7]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}, '5': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '6': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 2]}}",{},1606.06490,1,2
+197,hard,197,"In the cases of matrices [MATH] which have [MATH] or [MATH] as Jordan matrices , one can find examples of matrices given by the product of [MATH] with a symmetric matrix , and having real square roots , but such that none of these square roots are the product of [MATH] with a symmetric matrix .","Before going any further , notice that one can find [MATH] matrices [MATH] , in the form [MATH] with [MATH] symmetric , having real square roots , but such that none of these square roots is the product of [MATH] by a symmetric matrix .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 7]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [32, 33], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [46, 47], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [35, 36]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [51, 52], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [40, 41]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 31], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 21]}}",{},{},1208.4493,1,2
+198,easy,198,We answer this question in the context of a simple abstract model .,"The first model is reasonably realistic , but we have to resort to using simulations to answer the question in the context of this model .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 8]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 16]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 18]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [23, 24]}}",{},{},physics-0701176,1,2
+199,hard,199,"The simplest way to randomly generate automata is to uniformly and independently sample [MATH] binary row-stochastic matrices : unfortunately , Berlinkov first proved in [CITATION] that two uniformly sampled random binary row-stochastic matrices synchronizes with high probability ( i.e. the probability they form a synchronizing automaton tends to [MATH] as the matrix dimension tends to infinity ) , then Nicaud showed in [CITATION] that they also have reset threshold of order [MATH] with high probability ; this overall implies that an uniformly sampled random automata of [MATH] letters has low reset threshold with high probability .","The simplest way to randomly generate an automaton of [MATH] letters is to uniformly and independently sample [MATH] binary row-stochastic matrices : unfortunately , Berlinkov first proved in [CITATION] that two uniformly sampled random binary row-stochastic matrices synchronize with high probability ( i.e. the probability that they form a synchronizing automaton tends to [MATH] as the matrix dimension tends to infinity ) , then Nicaud showed in [CITATION] that they also have reset threshold of order [MATH] with high probability .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [45, 46]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [8, 11]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [75, 95], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [33, 34], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [37, 38]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 8]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [45, 46]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [75, 95], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [33, 34], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [37, 38]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 11]}}",{},1805.06723,1,2