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+id,easy-or-hard,sentence-pair-index,sentence-1,sentence-2,edits-combination-0,edits-combination-1,edits-combination-2,arxiv-id,sentence-1-level,sentence-2-level
+0,easy,0,"The other one is panel information criteria ( [MATH] ) , correspondence with [MATH] , they also have three styles , one of them is : [EQUATION]","The other one is panel information criteria ( [MATH] ) , corresponding to [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 15]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 27], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 13]}}",{},{},1301.2079,1,2
+1,easy,1,"In Refs [CITATION] the authors observe clear signatures of anisotropically deformed conformations of monodisperse entangled polystyrene melts in non-linear flow , and the subsequent relaxation in agreement with the GLaMM tube model .","In Refs [CITATION] the authors observe clear signatures of anisotropically deformed conformations of monodisperse entangled polystyrene melts in nonlinear flow , and even for unentangled chains subject to extremely fast flow [CITATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [22, 32]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [22, 32], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}}",{},{},1805.01935,1,2
+2,easy,2,"In Figure [REF] , we show the magnetic field strength as a function of density weighted by mass at the time of the halo 's collapse .","In Figure [REF] , we show the magnetic field strength scaled by [MATH] as a function of density weighted by mass at the time of the halo 's collapse .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 13]}}",{},{},1606.08477,1,2
+3,easy,3,"Given the brightness of the host star ( [MATH] =12.17 , [MATH] =9.42 ) , K2-3d is currently one of the best targets for spectroscopic characterizations of potentially habitable planets .","Given the brightness of the host star ( [MATH] , [MATH] ) , K2-3d is currently one of the best targets for spectroscopic characterizations of potentially habitable planets .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1610.01333,1,2
+4,easy,4,"Expanding the commutators in Eq. [REF] , applying Wick 's theorem to remove the many terms which are zero , and enforcing the connectivity constraint , one obtains many topologically distinct terms .","Expanding the commutators in Eq. [REF] , applying Wick 's theorem to remove the many vanishing terms , and enforcing the connectivity constraint , one obtains many topologically distinct terms .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [16, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [15, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 17]}}",{},1206.2567,1,2
+5,easy,5,"Similarly to what we did in Figure [REF] , the statistical results obtained by means of quantum trajectories and standard quantum mechanics ( a ) , as well as a sample of representative trajectories ( b ) are plotted .","Similarly to what we did in Fig. [REF] , the statistical results obtained by means of quantum trajectories and standard quantum mechanics ( a ) , as well as a sample of representative trajectories ( b ) are plotted .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 7]}}",{},{},0803.2581,1,2
+6,easy,6,"We have not been able to derive the analog of the Clausius-Mossotti formula using the above propagator formalism , so we limit ourselves only to terms which are linear in the atomic density , although according to Ref. [CITATION] such generalization is possible .","We have not been able to derive the analog of the Clausius-Mossotti formula using the above propagator formalism , so we limit ourselves only to terms which are linear in the atomic density , although according to Ref. [CITATION] such a generalization is possible .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [40, 41]}}",{},{},1902.05725,2,3
+7,easy,7,"Due to the lack of 3D numerical simulations , some authors resort to spherical symmetry or even 1D to solve the problem .","Due to the lack of 3D numerical simulations , some authors resort to spherical symmetry or even 1D to study this problem .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [19, 21], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 21]}}",{},{},0806.0232,1,2
+8,easy,8,"In addition to the optical data provided by IPHAS , the Galactic Plane Survey ( GPS ; Lucas et al. 2008 , submitted ) of the UKIDSS is also observing a similar area in J , H and K .","In addition to the optical data provided by IPHAS , the Galactic Plane Survey of the UKIDSS is also observing a similar area in J , H and K .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 24], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},0712.0384,1,2
+9,easy,9,"Moreover , we note that in the nuclear ( particle ) physics literature [CITATION] the magnetic polarizability is denoted by [MATH] .","Moreover , we note that in the nuclear ( particle ) physics literature [CITATION] , the magnetic polarizability is denoted by [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 15]}}",{},{},1902.05725,2,3
+10,easy,10,The idea of combining different spectrograms can also be found in the time-frequency literature ; see e.g. [CITATION] .,The idea of combining different spectrograms can also be found in the time-frequency literature ; see e.g. [CITATION] and the references given therein .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 23]}}",{},{},1506.08880,1,2
+11,easy,11,"But , in general , the form of [MATH] is not necessarily to be restricted to manifest or pseudo manifest symmetric type , so the [MATH] mass limit can be lowered to approximately 300 GeV by taking the following forms of [MATH] [CITATION] ; [EQUATION] where [MATH] .","But , in general , the form of [MATH] is not necessarily to be restricted to manifest or pseudo-manifest symmetric type , so the [MATH] mass limit can be lowered to approximately 300 GeV by taking the following forms of [MATH] [CITATION] ; [EQUATION] where [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}}",{},{},hep-ph-0206037,2,3
+12,easy,12,"Provided the boundary conditions also satisfy the symmetry condition , an algebraic manipulation yields that each column of the characteristic matrix of [MATH] is a scalar multiple of a unique column of [MATH] ( see e.g. the proof of [CITATION] ) .","Provided the boundary conditions also satisfy the symmetry condition , an algebraic manipulation yields that each column of the characteristic matrix of [MATH] is a scalar multiple of a column of [MATH] ( see the proof of [CITATION] ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [29, 30], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [35, 36], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1205.4567,1,2
+13,easy,13,"Centralized algorithms for solving optimization problems can become unviable due to lack of powerful enough centralized computational units , or because the problem can not be formed as a centralized optimization problem due to structural constraints in the problem , such as privacy requirements .",Centralized algorithms for solving optimization problems of the form [REF] can be unviable .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 10]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 44], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 12]}}",{},{},1406.2192,1,2
+14,easy,14,"The proof follows nearly directly by application of [CITATION] , building upon the seminal work of Robertson and Seymour [CITATION] : the authors show that for any fixed [MATH] , the [MATH] -link-disjoint path problem can be decided in polynomial-runtime of [MATH] on undirected graphs .","The proof follows by application of [CITATION] , building upon the seminal work of Robertson and Seymour [CITATION] : the authors show that for any fixed [MATH] , the [MATH] -link-disjoint path problem can be decided in polynomial-runtime of [MATH] on undirected graphs .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1705.00055,2,3
+15,easy,15,For for large [MATH] and small [MATH] it can be expressed via its value for the Hamiltonian dynamics on a torus where [MATH] ( for [MATH] ) [CITATION] .,For large [MATH] and small [MATH] it can be expressed via its value for the Hamiltonian dynamics on a torus where [MATH] ( for [MATH] ) [CITATION] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},0709.2336,1,2
+16,easy,16,"The presence of the extremely large ejections of the order parameter values corresponds to this situation , as shown in Fig. [REF] .","The presence of extremely large ejections of the order parameter values corresponds to this situation , as shown in figure [REF] .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [20, 21], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 20]}}",{},{},1405.1364,1,2
+17,easy,17,"Assuming these cases to have been solved , let us immediately prove the general case .","Assuming these cases have been solved , let us immediately prove the general case .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},0902.4528,1,2
+18,easy,18,"In low dimensional rings superfluidity can persist even if spectral stability is lost [CITATION] , because dynamical stability can still be maintained ( see also [CITATION] ) .","However , in low dimensional rings superfluidity can persist even if energetic-stability is lost [CITATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 2]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 27], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 12]}}",{},{},1412.5929,1,2
+19,easy,19,"From this a precision determination of the baryon density follows [CITATION] : [EQUATION] [MATH] is the fraction of critical density contributed by baryons , [MATH] , and the physical baryon density [MATH] .","From this , a precision determination of the baryon density follows [CITATION] : [EQUATION] [MATH] is the fraction of critical density contributed by baryons , [MATH] , and the physical baryon density [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}}",{},{},astro-ph-0008495,1,2
+20,easy,20,"We use the generalized method of moments ( GMM , [CITATION] ) to estimate [MATH] under [REF] .",We use the generalized method of moments ( GMM ) in [CITATION] to estimate [MATH] under [REF] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}}",{},1709.00081,1,2
+21,easy,21,"We measure a flux level of 3.8 [MATH] Jy at the proper motion corrected position for TRAPPIST-1 , consistent with the noise level .","We measure a flux density level of 3.8 [MATH] Jy in the synthesized beam at the proper motion corrected position for TRAPPIST-1 , consistent with the noise level .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 14]}}",{},{},1806.00480,1,2
+22,easy,22,Equation ( [REF] ) is the zeroth order current which is the time-dependent Landauer formula .,Equation ( 56 ) represented the zeroth order current which is the time-dependent Landauer formula .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}}",{},{},1102.5645,2,3
+23,easy,23,"When the latter assumption fails , alternatively , narrow-band estimates can be entertained ; these estimates ensure convergence to a zero-mean Gaussian distribution , with a slightly slower convergence rate [MATH] .","When the latter assumption fails , alternatively , narrow-band estimates can be entertained ; these estimates ensure convergence to a zero-mean Gaussian distribution , with a slightly slower convergence rate .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [30, 31], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1110.3777,3,4
+24,easy,24,"As a final means to draw conclusions from the data we have plotted our results for the solute substitution energy , solute-vacancy binding energies and binding energies of solutes to the most stable interstitial dumbbells in the mixed positions in austenitic Fe against the corresponding values for bcc Fe in FIG. [REF] .","As a final means to draw conclusions from the data we have plotted our results for the solute substitution energy , solute-vacancy binding energies and binding energies of solutes to the most stable interstitial dumbbells in the mixed positions in austenitic Fe against the corresponding values for bcc Fe in Fig. [REF] .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [50, 51], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [50, 51]}}",{},{},1107.0260,1,2
+25,easy,25,"Then , for the first [MATH] queries , we couple the samplings of the noisy query outputs using the rule [ LapNull ] .","For the first [MATH] queries , we couple the samplings of the noisy query outputs using the rule [ LapNull ] .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1601.05047,1,2
+26,easy,26,"NYC and Seoul are divided into 10 [MATH] 20 and 50 [MATH] 50 respectively , considering the area of cities .","NYC and Seoul are divided into 10 [MATH] 20 and 50 [MATH] 50 regions respectively , considering the area size of cities .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 20]}}",{},{},1905.10709,1,2
+27,easy,27,"The high baryon density requires a leptonic asymmetry in order to be compatible with "" degenerate BBN "" , and following ref. [CITATION] , this large asymmetry is allowed precisely in presence of a low cosmological constant .","The high baryon density requires a leptonic asymmetry in order to be compatible with the observed light elements abundances ( unless systematic errors have been underestimated in all recent analyses ) , and following ref. [CITATION] , this large asymmetry is allowed precisely in presence of a low cosmological constant .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 31]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 19]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 31]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},astro-ph-0004412,2,3
+28,easy,28,The solid line indicates the spectral stability border and the dashed lines indicates the dynamical stability borders as determined from the BdG analysis ( see below ) .,"The solid and dashed lines indicate the energetic and the dynamical stability borders , as determined from the BdG analysis ( see below ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 9]}}",{},{},1412.5929,1,2
+29,easy,29,In Fig. ( [REF] ) we show the static transverse susceptibility at the points indicated in the phase diagram Fig. ( [REF] ) .,In figure [REF] we show the static transverse susceptibility at the points indicated in the phase diagram figure [REF] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [22, 23], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [19, 21], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 18]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [20, 21], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [22, 23], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [19, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 18]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 3]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [19, 23], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 19]}}",1007.1949,1,2
+30,easy,30,"This conundrum was resolved [CITATION] when it was shown that Cr atoms in bcc Fe exhibit strong nearest neighbour repulsion , resulting from magnetic frustration , with weaker repulsion still present up to 6th nearest neighbour separation [CITATION] .","This conundrum was resolved [CITATION] when it was shown that Cr atoms in bcc Fe exhibit strong nearest neighbour repulsion , resulting from magnetic frustration , with weaker repulsion still present up to sixth-nearest-neighbour separation [CITATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [33, 36], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [33, 34]}}",{},{},1107.0260,1,2
+31,easy,31,The results concerning the strong-coupling contribution in [MATH] and based on the mentioned simple model are described in Ref. [ 16 ] .,The results concerning the strong-coupling contribution in [MATH] and based on the mentioned simple model are described in Ref. [ 21 ] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [20, 21], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [20, 21]}}",{},{},cond-mat-0111161,1,2
+32,easy,32,"In non-magnetic elements such as molybdenum and vanadium it was shown that the pseudopotential plane wave method reproduced experimentally-inferred self-interstitial migration energy barriers to within 0.1 eV [CITATION] , giving confidence that experimentally inaccessible quantities such as interstitial formation energies would also be reliable .","In non-magnetic elements such as molybdenum and vanadium it was shown that the pseudopotential plane-wave method reproduced experimentally-inferred self-interstitial migration energy barriers to within 0.1 eV [CITATION] , giving confidence that experimentally inaccessible quantities such as interstitial formation energies would also be reliable .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 16], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 15]}}",{},{},1107.0260,1,2
+33,easy,33,"In some cases the energies of some DOFs are lumped together and can not be separated , each [MATH] depending also on [MATH] with [MATH] ( see e. g. the planetary system and the globally chaotic oscillator below ) .","In some cases the energies of some DOFs are lumped together and can not be separated , each [MATH] depending also on [MATH] with [MATH] ( see e. g. the planetary system and the globally chaotic oscillator below ) or even in the angle variables ( the Kuramoto model in Section [REF] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [39, 52]}}",{},{},cond-mat-0602186,3,4
+34,easy,34,For all [MATH] we have that [EQUATION],"For [MATH] , we have hence [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 6]}}",{},{},1110.3777,2,3
+35,easy,35,"Because the qubit is either encoded in the subspace [MATH] or the subspace [MATH] , the error [MATH] has no effect on the qubit state , i.e. can be ignored .","Because the qubit is either encoded in the subspace [MATH] or [MATH] , the error [MATH] has no effect on the qubit state , i.e. can be ignored .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1512.05089,1,2
+36,easy,36,This self-consistency proves to be challenging when assessing the fidelity and the uncertainty of a reconstructed unitary matrix .,This self-consistency proves to be challenging when assessing the fidelity and the uncertainty of a reconstructed matrix in the presence of measurement errors .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 23]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [16, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1512.04769,1,2
+37,easy,37,At the end we shall prove the following identity [EQUATION] for every positive integer [MATH] by using double shuffle relations and one relation coming from a substitution in the iterated integral representation of [MATH] .,At the end we shall prove the following long standing conjecture : for every positive integer [MATH] [EQUATION] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 18]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [15, 34], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [8, 12]}}",{},{},0705.2267,3,4
+38,easy,38,"Nonetheless , recall thm : und-cap , thm : hard-directed , where we showed that the problem also stays hard on general graphs even if the flow sizes are of unit size .","Nonetheless , recall thm : und-cap , thm : hard-directed , where we showed that the problem also stays strongly NP-complete on general graphs .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [23, 32], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [19, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 21]}}",{},{},1705.00055,1,2
+39,easy,39,It converges rapidly in the weak and strong coupling limit and even far from these limits .,This leads to a rapid convergence in the weak and strong coupling regimes and even far from these limits .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 6]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [12, 13]}}",{},{},0812.2456,1,2
+40,easy,40,"For instance , the correction factors for [MATH] are , respectively , [MATH] and [MATH] .","For instance , the correction factors for [MATH] are , respectively , [MATH] , [MATH] , and [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 16]}}",{},{},1110.3777,3,4
+41,easy,41,"First , we illustrate the energy-dissipation behavior of different schemes .","First , we illustrate the energy-stability of different schemes .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 6]}}",{},{},1602.08649,1,2
+42,easy,42,"The connection between probabilistic liftings and couplings was only recently noted by [CITATION] , after the development of more than half a dozen tools centered around liftings .",The connection between liftings and couplings was recently noted by [CITATION] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 27], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1601.05047,1,2
+43,easy,43,"However , in his work there is no general statement about the cases that do not satisfy the regularity conditions .","However , he gives no general statement about the cases that do not satisfy these regularity conditions .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-other', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 4]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [17, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 15]}}",{},{},1205.4567,1,2
+44,easy,44,"In the fuzzy set literature [CITATION] , a fuzzy implication is defined as a generalization of the classical crisp implementation .","In the fuzzy set literature [CITATION] , a fuzzy implication is defined as a generalization of the classical crisp implication .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [19, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 20]}}",{},{},1707.02292,1,2
+45,easy,45,"As a result , for [MATH] , we have [MATH] .","As a result , for [MATH] , we have [MATH] , and vice versa .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 14]}}",{},{},1710.01496,1,2
+46,easy,46,Our basic idea is to construct a filtration of [MATH] [EQUATION] and then compute each grad quotient .,Our basic idea is to construct a filtration of [MATH] [EQUATION] and then compute each graded quotient .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [15, 16], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}}",{},{},1203.6053,4,5
+47,easy,47,By comparing chain conformations and an expansion of small angle scattering patterns [CITATION] in spherical harmonics we demonstrate how the overall scattering patterns infer the internal structure of the chain conformations .,By comparing chain conformations and an expansion of small angle scattering patterns [CITATION] in spherical harmonics [CITATION] we demonstrate how the overall scattering patterns infer the internal structure of the chain conformations .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 17]}}",{},{},1805.01935,1,2
+48,easy,48,"In all these cases , the PDE discrete spectrum is equal to the discrete spectrum of the operator , [CITATION] .","In all these cases , the PDE discrete spectrum is equal to the discrete spectrum of the operator .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1205.4567,1,2
+49,easy,49,"The telescope was defocused such that the FWHM of the stellar point spread function ( PSF ) was within the ranges of 15-21 , 18-24 , and 19-25 pixels for [MATH] , [MATH] , and [MATH] bands , respectively .","The telescope was defocused such that the FWHM of the stellar point spread function ( PSF ) was within the ranges of 15-21 , 18-24 , and 19-25 pixels for the [MATH] , [MATH] , and [MATH] bands , respectively .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [30, 31]}}",{},{},1610.01333,1,2
+50,easy,50,Overall this raises the question of whether such a crystal structure independence exists generally in metals or is particular to Fe .,"Overall , this raises the question of whether such a crystal structure independence exists generally in metals or is particular to Fe .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}}",{},{},1107.0260,1,2
+51,easy,51,Remark that in this theorem on existence the domains of the corresponding cycles need not to be disjoint .,Remark that in this theorem the interiors of the corresponding six cycles need not to be disjoint .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 7]}}",{},{},1204.5014,1,2
+52,easy,52,"In fact , an uncorrectable dip was seen near the end of the MuSCAT light curves ( see Figure [REF] ) , which might be caused by variations of ( [MATH] ) in a different timescale .","In fact , an uncorrectable dip was seen near the end of the MuSCAT light curves ( see Figure [REF] ) , which might be caused by variations of ( [MATH] ) on a different timescale .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [32, 33], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [32, 33]}}",{},{},1610.01333,1,2
+53,easy,53,"On the other hand , the integral representation of the solution of the boundary value problem can be constructed algorithmically from the given data , without the need for any precise asymptotic information about the eigenvalues , except their asymptotic location ( always along a ray for odd-order problems [CITATION] ) .","On the other hand , the integral representation of the solution of the boundary value problem can be constructed algorithmically from the given data , without the need for any precise asymptotic information about the eigenvalues , except their asymptotic location ( always along a ray for odd-order problems ; [CITATION] ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [49, 50]}}",{},{},1205.4567,1,2
+54,easy,54,"Our purpose below is to show that the previous conditions are satisfied by [MATH] and [MATH] in the Spherical Whittle estimates , so that the following result will be established .","Our purpose below is to show that the conditions provided in Theorem [REF] in are satisfied by [MATH] and [MATH] in the Spherical Whittle estimates , so that the following result will be established .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 14]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [8, 14]}}",{},1110.3777,1,2
+55,easy,55,Another naturally extended scheme for [MATH] -phase Cahn-Hilliard equations is the modified Crank-Nicolson scheme : [EQUATION],"Another naturally extended scheme for [MATH] -phase Cahn-Hilliard equations is the modified Crank-Nicolson scheme : [EQUATION] where [MATH] is the finite difference of the nonlinear potential defined in [REF] and [REF] , regarding to the homogeneous and inhomogeneous case , respectively .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 42]}}",{},{},1602.08649,1,2
+56,easy,56,"As a result , the action function [ defined in Eq. ( [REF] ) ] in rescaled coordinates reads [MATH] , and thus , the MTE in the leading order is given by [EQUATION]","As a result , the action function [ Eq. ( [REF] ) ] in rescaled coordinates reads [MATH] , and thus , the MTE in the leading order is given by [MATH] , where [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [31, 34]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1710.01496,1,2
+57,easy,57,The very recent Boomerang results give an estimate of unprecedented precision of the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies on sub-angular scales .,The very recent Boomerang results give an estimate of unprecedented precision of the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies on sub-degree scales .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}}",{},{},astro-ph-0004412,2,3
+58,easy,58,"First , to determine which coefficients to be included in [MATH] , we fit each light curve with different combinations of [MATH] , assuming that the transit signal is present at Valley1 .","First , to determine which coefficients to include in [MATH] , we fit each light curve with different combinations of [MATH] , assuming that the transit signal is present at Valley1 .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}}",{},{},1610.01333,1,2
+59,easy,59,"[MATH] is the Hamiltonian at time [MATH] corresponding to the [MATH] -SWCNT system and the two SWCNT electrodes L and R is given by [EQUATION] where [MATH] are the electrode Hamiltonians and [MATH] is the time-dependent tight-binding Hamiltonian for the SWCNT with matrix elements : [MATH] , [MATH] , the on-site energy and [MATH] [CITATION] , [MATH] , the hopping integrals and the rest of the off diagonal elements are zero .","[MATH] , the Hamiltonian at time [MATH] corresponding to the [MATH] -SWCNT system and the two SWCNT electrodes L and R is given by [EQUATION] where [MATH] are the electrode Hamiltonians and [MATH] is the time-dependent TB Hamiltonian for the SWCNT with matrix elements : [MATH] , [MATH] , the on-site energy and [MATH] [CITATION] , [MATH] , the hopping integrals .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [61, 71], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [36, 37], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [36, 37]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}}",{},{},1102.5645,1,2
+60,easy,60,In the thin EDL limit Eq. ( [REF] ) predicts an outer EO ' shear ' flow [EQUATION] with the apparent EO slip at the hydrophobic wall [EQUATION] which suggests immediately that it is not a unique characteristic of a hydrophobic surface .,In the thin EDL limit we then predict an outer EO ' shear ' flow : [EQUATION],"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 43], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 8]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 7]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 43], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}}",{},1410.4028,1,2
+61,easy,61,"To determine the stability of the straight centered crack propagation , we must examine the evolution a small perturbation , which amounts to solving the following problem : given a crack path [MATH] defined for [MATH] , which does not necessarily satisfy [MATH] for [MATH] , find a continuation of [MATH] such that [MATH] for [MATH] .","To determine the stability of the straight centered crack propagation , we must examine the evolution of a small perturbation , which amounts to solving the following problem : given a crack path [MATH] defined for [MATH] , which does not necessarily satisfy [MATH] for [MATH] , find a continuation of [MATH] such that [MATH] for [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 17]}}",{},{},0801.2101,1,2
+62,easy,62,We construct it to be identical to the [MATH] [CITATION] allowing further statistical interpretation .,"Optimizing a global cost function comes with an additional advantage : the minimum of that function can act as an direct estimator for the success of the reconstruction and is in our case identical to the [MATH] [CITATION] , allowing further statistical interpretation .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 33]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [38, 39]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1512.04769,1,2
+63,easy,63,Now we present the result about the analysis of the fourth-order cumulants .,In this subsection we present the analysis of the fourth-order cumulants .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 3]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 3]}}",{},1110.3777,2,3
+64,easy,64,"Finally , this phenomenon of stability enhancement via noise may hint to the fact that RSSN is a natural mechanism adopted by real species in order to enhance their fitness and persistence , see Fig. [REF] , and is thus evolutionary beneficial to the entire ecosystem depending on these species .","Finally , we propose that this phenomenon of reducing the extinction risk via noise may indicate that RSSN is a natural mechanism adopted by real species in order to enhance their fitness and persistence , see Fig. [REF] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 5]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [36, 50], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [8, 12]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}}",{},{},1710.01496,1,2
+65,easy,65,We now calculate [MATH] .,We further calculate [MATH] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}}",{},{},1611.09517,1,2
+66,easy,66,"As before , we define : [EQUATION] where [EQUATION]","As before , we define : [EQUATION] where [EQUATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}}",{},{},1110.3777,3,4
+67,hard,67,"Our results suggest that consistency and asymptotic Gaussianity are feasible for spectral index estimators , the rate of convergence being [MATH] these estimates are centred on zero in parametric circumstances , i.e. where the correct model being provided for [MATH] up to a factor [MATH] .","Our results suggest that consistency and asymptotic Gaussianity are feasible for spectral index estimators , the rate of convergence being [MATH] ; these estimates are centred on zero in "" parametric "" circumstances , that is , where the correct model being provided for [MATH] up to a factor [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [29, 30]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [31, 32]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [21, 22]}, '3': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [36, 37]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [31, 32], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [34, 36]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [21, 22]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [29, 30]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [31, 32]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [31, 32], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [34, 37]}}",{},1110.3777,3,4
+68,easy,68,The value of [MATH] determines the size of Jean 's length .,The value of [MATH] determines the size of Jean 's length relative to the computational grid size .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 17]}}",{},{},0806.0232,1,2
+69,easy,69,"However , for our purpose , this method still can be used to derive the non-analytic part of an integral .","However , for our purpose , the IR method still can be used to derive the non-analytic part of an integral .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 8]}}",{},{},1603.06367,3,4
+70,easy,70,"This is a direct result of symmetry breaking effects in the reference states , which the model does not incorporate and effectively averages over .","This is a direct result of symmetry-breaking effects in the reference states , which the model does not incorporate and effectively averages over .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 7]}}",{},{},1107.0260,1,2
+71,easy,71,Similar isotope effects in binary solids ZnO and PbS were theoretically and experimentally studied in Refs. [REF] .,Similar isotope effects in [MATH] of binary solids ZnO and PbS were theoretically and experimentally studied in Refs. [REF] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 6]}}",{},{},0909.2978,1,2
+72,easy,72,"We now explore the quality of the images generated from balanced competition , using setting H .",We now explore the quality of the images generated from balanced competition using Setting H .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}}",{},{},1802.09153,1,2
+73,easy,73,We consider a set of suitable action-angle variables [MATH] and we write our Hamiltonian as in Eq. ( [REF] ) by means of an appropriate canonical transformation .,"To extend the formalism to nonequilibrium systems with many DOFs , we write the Hamiltonian as in Eq. ( [REF] ) by means of an appropriate canonical transformation .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 10]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 11]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}}",{},cond-mat-0602186,4,5
+74,easy,74,Such feature can be considered in the framework of the scaling analysis .,Such a feature can be considered within the framework of the scaling analysis .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 7]}}",{},{},1405.1364,1,2
+75,easy,75,"In several previous apparatuses [CITATION] , the vibrational noise on the grating [MATH] -positions induced a large phase noise in the interferometer .","In several previous apparatuses [CITATION] , the vibrational noise on the grating [MATH] -positions induced a large phase noise in the interferometer , so that it was necessary to measure and reduce this vibrational noise before any observation .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [22, 38]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0111052,1,2
+76,easy,76,"For both VizDoom and DMLab we use all actions with the repeat of [MATH] , as typical in the prior work .","For both VizDoom and DMLab we use all actions with a repeat of [MATH] , as typical in the prior work .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}}",{},{},1810.02274,2,3
+77,easy,77,"Although we do not make explicit use of probability , it has been shown that the latter can also be introduced from classical mechanics .","Although we do not make explicit use of probability , it is also shown that the latter can be introduced from classical mechanics yielding an Einstein relationship at the thermodynamic limit .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [23, 31]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 12]}}",{},{},cond-mat-0602186,4,5
+78,easy,78,In Figure 1 we report the distribution of [MATH] normalized by a factor [MATH] .,"In Figure [REF] , we report the distribution of [MATH] normalized by a factor [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 4]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 4]}}",{},1110.3777,3,4
+79,easy,79,Source codes with Tensorflow 1.17.0 [CITATION] and Keras 2.22.2 [CITATION] are available .,"We attach the source codes with Tensorflow 1.17.0 [CITATION] and Keras 2.22.2 [CITATION] , and detail explanations in supplementary , including the number of layers and hidden neurons .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 3]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 28]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 12], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1905.10709,1,2
+80,easy,80,In the ground state of noncritical strongly correlated systems with short-range interactions the 2-points correlation functions and thus the entanglement between spins can be proven to vanish exponentially with the distance [CITATION] .,In the ground state of noncritical strongly correlated systems with short-range interactions the 2-points correlation functions and thus the entanglement between spins vanish exponentially with the distance [CITATION] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [22, 26], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1303.3768,1,2
+81,easy,81,Figure [REF] compares sOFTDP to OFDP and OFDPv2 [CITATION] in terms of CPU time over [MATH] period of time during which one topology event is generated per second .,Figure [REF] compares sOFTDP to OFDP and OFDPv2 [CITATION] in term of CPU time .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 28], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}}",{},{},1705.04527,1,2
+82,easy,82,"We use a simulation cell confined by two impermeable walls located at [MATH] and [MATH] , where [MATH] sets the length scale .","We use a simulation cell confined between two impermeable walls always located at [MATH] ( except the case of a symmetric hydrophobic channel with mobile surface charges , where the lower wall was at [MATH] ) and [MATH] , where [MATH] sets the length scale .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 36]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 7]}}",{},{},1410.4028,2,3
+83,easy,83,"In future , this assumption can be directly tested by building a large calibrated sample of local supernovae .","In the future , this assumption can be directly tested by building a large calibrated sample of local supernovae .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}}",{},{},1307.1155,2,3
+84,easy,84,"To verify that the electronic part of this work is indeed a reasonable model of electronic dynamics and check our implementation ( signs , factors etc . ) it is useful to compare an adiabatic spectrum ( [MATH] ) to one arising from exact diagonalization .","To verify that the electronic part of this work is indeed a reasonable model of electronic dynamics and check our implementation ( signs , factors etc . ) it is useful to compare an adiabatic spectrum ( a calculation with no bath coupling , [MATH] ) to one arising from exact diagonalization .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [37, 44]}}",{},{},1206.2567,1,2
+85,easy,85,"Errors induced by topologically unprotected quantum systems need to be corrected with error correction schemes , for instance the surface code .","Errors caused by topologically unprotected quantum systems need to be corrected with error correction schemes , for instance , the surface code .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}}",{},{},1512.05089,1,2
+86,easy,86,"Furthermore , consider the size of relative bias , we can see that the range of dependent variable and explanatory variables are in ( -20,20 ) .","Furthermore , considering the size of relative bias , we can see that the range of dependent variable and explanatory variables are in ( -20,20 ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}}",{},{},1301.2079,1,2
+87,easy,87,The eigenvalue problem for fixed transferred frequency [MATH] and momentum [MATH] reads [EQUATION] where [MATH] is the dual Green function .,"For fixed transferred frequency [MATH] and momentum [MATH] , it reads [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [8, 10]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 21], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},0812.2456,1,2
+88,easy,88,We start from the following,We start from the following definition .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 7]}}",{},{},1110.3777,3,4
+89,easy,89,"However , in order to recover the solution describing extremal black holes in the KK monopole background , the extremal limit must be taken with better care .","In order to recover the solution describing extremal black holes a background with KK asymptotics , the extremal limit must be taken with better care , as we shall describe in what follows .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [25, 33]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 15]}}",{},{},0909.3835,2,3
+90,easy,90,"We also describe a continuous-time equivalent of the Generating , Organizing and Deleting processes where tree topology and branch-lengths are jointly modeled and provide code in SageMath/python for these algorithms .","We also describe a continuous-time equivalent of the Generating , Organizing and Deleting processes where tree topology and branch-lengths are jointly modeled and provide code in SageMath/Python for these algorithms .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [26, 27], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [26, 27]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [27, 28], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [27, 28]}}",{},1511.08828,1,2
+91,easy,91,"Choose the factor number of regressors in model ( 6 ) can use nonparametric scree plot method because the common factors of model ( 6 ) extracted from large indicators as multivariate analysis , in which factors number determined by scree plot method through contribution rate of variance can reflect indicator information maximize .","We can use nonparametric scree plot method to choose the factor number of regressors in model ( 6 ) because the common factors of model ( 6 ) extracted from large indicators as multivariate analysis , in which factors number determined by scree plot method through contribution rate of variance can reflect indicator information maximize .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 8]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},1301.2079,1,2
+92,easy,92,The ratio of the abbreviated action of a closed geodesic [MATH] to the time needed for its completion [MATH] has dimensions of energy .,It is then clear that the product of [MATH] and the recurrence frequency [MATH] has dimensions of energy .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 13]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},cond-mat-0602186,4,5
+93,easy,93,"By considering the update in [REF] and the structure in matrix [MATH] , we see that each agent [MATH] can update their corresponding elements of [MATH] ( i.e. [MATH] ) in a distributed manner , through communication with its neighbors defined by [EQUATION]","By considering the update in [REF] and the structure in matrix [MATH] , we see that each Agent [MATH] can update their corresponding elements of [MATH] ( i.e. [MATH] ) in a distributed manner , through communication with its neighbors defined by [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [43, 44]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [17, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 18]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [42, 43], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [42, 43]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [17, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 18]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [42, 43], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [42, 44]}}",{},1406.2192,1,2
+94,easy,94,In this section we provide detailed calculations of the leading and subleading-order calculations of the mean time to extinction ( MTE ) in the bursty reproduction model presented in the main text .,In this section we provide detailed calculations of the leading and subleading-order contributions to the mean time to extinction ( MTE ) in the bursty reproduction model presented in the main text .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [12, 14]}}",{},{},1710.01496,1,2
+95,easy,95,The detected part [MATH] of the vibration-induced motion of the three mirrors has a rms value equal to [MATH] nm in a [MATH] kHz bandwidth .,"In our interferometer , the detected part [MATH] of the vibration-induced motion of the three mirrors has a rms value equal to [MATH] nm in a [MATH] kHz bandwidth .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 4]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0111052,1,2
+96,easy,96,Taking the Fourier transform the expression for the first order current becomes [EQUATION],The first order contribution to the current is expressed as [EQUATION],"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 6]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 12], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 10]}}",{},{},1102.5645,2,3
+97,easy,97,"For any ( or there exists ) [MATH] , the matrix [MATH] is SPD with [EQUATION]","For any ( or there exists ) [MATH] , the matrix [MATH] is SPD , where [MATH] is obtained from [MATH] by removing the [MATH] -th row and column : [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 30]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1602.08649,1,2
+98,easy,98,"Subsequently , we relax the feasible set to [MATH] , substitute [REF] into [REF] , and repeat the EM derivation to incorporate additional missing data [MATH] , [MATH] , in order to handle the two terms in the second case of [REF] ( as in [REF] and [REF] ) .","Subsequently , we relax the feasible set to [MATH] , substitute [REF] into [REF] , and repeat the EM derivation to incorporate additional missing data [MATH] , [MATH] in order to handle the sum in [REF] ( as in [REF] and [REF] ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [28, 29], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [37, 41], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [34, 36], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [33, 34]}}",{},{},1403.5022,1,2
+99,easy,99,"As far as [MATH] is concerned , we have : [EQUATION] so that : [EQUATION] finally , simple manipulations and standard properties of the logarithm ( which is a slowly varying function , compare [CITATION] ) yield [EQUATION]","As far as [MATH] is concerned , we have [MATH] , so that : [EQUATION] finally , simple manipulations and standard properties of the logarithm ( which is a slowly varying function , compare [CITATION] ) yield [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 11]}}",{},1110.3777,2,3
+100,easy,100,"Here , [MATH] is the birth rate [CITATION] , [MATH] is the death rate , [MATH] is the size of the population , [MATH] is the average reproduction rate , [MATH] is the typical population size in the long-lived metastable state prior to extinction ( see below ) , and time is rescaled by the death rate .","Here , [MATH] is the birth rate [CITATION] , [MATH] is the death rate , [MATH] is the size of the population , [MATH] is the per-capita average reproduction rate , [MATH] is the typical population size in the long-lived metastable state prior to extinction ( see below ) , and time is rescaled by the death rate .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [26, 27]}}",{},{},1710.01496,1,2
+101,easy,101,For [MATH] and [MATH] we predict zero flow rate in the channel with a vanishing at very large [MATH] outer EO velocity [CITATION] [EQUATION],"For [MATH] and [MATH] we predict zero flow rate in the channel with a vanishing at very large [MATH] outer EO velocity [CITATION] , [EQUATION] which explains simulation data for this case [CITATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [23, 24]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [25, 34]}}",{},{},1410.4028,2,3
+102,easy,102,"As a specific example , we investigate the convergence properties close to the antiferromagnetic instability ( AFI ) in the two-dimensional Hubbard model .",The new technique is applied to the two-dimensional Hubbard model .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 6]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},0812.2456,1,2
+103,easy,103,"According to Eq. ( [REF] ) with the taken charge ratio , [MATH] , the apparent EO slip at the wall should be inhibited compared to a hydrophilic case , which is fully confirmed by our results .","According to Eq. ( [REF] ) with the taken charge ratio , [MATH] , the apparent EO slip should be inhibited compared to a hydrophilic case , which is fully confirmed by our results .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 21], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1410.4028,2,3
+104,easy,104,"This is done using the local properties of the foliation , the local description of [MATH] and in particular , that the singularities are hyperbolic .","This is done using the local properties of the foliation or lamination , the local description of [MATH] and in particular , that the singularities are hyperbolic .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 12]}}",{},{},1811.07450,1,2
+105,easy,105,"In the formulation of RRMHD of [CITATION] , there are 14 eigenvalues , 8 of which are degenerate and equal to the speed of light ( limiting the Riemann fan ) , in addition to two fast magnetosonic waves and four contact waves moving at the local fluid speed .","Thus , in the augmented system of RRMHD , there are 14 eigenvalues , 8 of which are degenerate and equal to the speed of light ( limiting the Riemann fan ) , in addition to two fast magnetosonic waves and four contact waves moving at the local fluid speed .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 2]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 6]}}",{},{},1711.06691,1,2
+106,easy,106,"For [MATH] , we have [MATH] and an nns given by [EQUATION]","For [MATH] , we have [MATH] and a non-trivial nonnegative solution given by [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 11]}}",{},{},1906.06209,2,3
+107,easy,107,"We empirically observe cross-validating the number of iterations provides an effective regularization strategy , therefore , we fix [MATH] .","We empirically observe that cross-validating the number of iterations provides an effective regularization strategy , therefore , we fix [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 4]}}",{},{},1705.01734,1,2
+108,easy,108,"Within split supersymmetry [CITATION] , gluino decay is suppressed by the high mass of the squarks .","Within split supersymmetry [CITATION] , gluino ( g ) decay is suppressed by the high mass of the squarks .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 9]}}",{},{},1504.05162,1,2
+109,easy,109,Temperature and entropy are provided by the microscopic action variables of the dynamical invariant torus .,Temperature and entropy are provided by the microscopic action variables governing the dynamics .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 13]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [12, 13]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}}",{},cond-mat-0602186,2,3
+110,easy,110,"We attach the details of implementation , including the number of layers and hidden neurons .","We attach the source codes with Tensorflow 1.17.0 [CITATION] and Keras 2.22.2 [CITATION] , and detail explanations in supplementary , including the number of layers and hidden neurons .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 19]}}",{},{},1905.10709,1,2
+111,easy,111,In case of [MATH] we observe a decrease in the outer ' shear ' EO flow and a corresponding apparent EO slip at the hydrophobic wall .,In case of [MATH] we observe a decrease in the outer ' shear ' EO flow and a corresponding apparent EO slip at the hydrophobic surface .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [25, 26], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [25, 26]}}",{},{},1410.4028,2,3
+112,easy,112,This is very different behavior from the standard [MATH] Galactic reddening curve shown for comparison in Figure 1 .,"This is very different behavior from the standard Galactic reddening curve ( with a ratio of total to selective extinction , [MATH] ) shown for comparison in Figure 1 .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 21]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [22, 23]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 23]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},astro-ph-0309595,1,2
+113,easy,113,The resulting fit parameters are given in TABLE [REF] and the corresponding model values are compared with the data in FIG. [REF] .,The resulting fit parameters are given in Table [REF] and the corresponding model values are compared with the data in Fig. [REF] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [20, 21], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [20, 21]}}",{},{},1107.0260,1,2
+114,easy,114,"Demonstrated in 2004 , this scheme allowed to produce for the first time broadband collimated femtosecond X-ray beams in the keV energy range from laser-plasma interaction [CITATION] .","Demonstrated in 2004 , this scheme allowed us to produce for the first time broadband low divergence femtosecond x-ray beams in the keV energy range from laser-plasma interaction [CITATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 17]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [16, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 19]}}",{},1106.4335,1,2
+115,easy,115,It follows that ( [REF] ) satisfies Condition [REF] ( and hence [REF] ) for [EQUATION],Clearly ( [REF] ) satisfies Condition [REF] ( and hence [REF] ) for [EQUATION],"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}}",{},{},1110.3777,2,3
+116,easy,116,"As discussed also by [CITATION] , the number of cubature points must grow at least as quickly as the square of the highest multipole considered , i.e. [MATH] .","As discussed also by [CITATION] , the number of cubature points must grow at least as quickly as the square of the highest multipole considered , that is , [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [28, 29]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-other', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [26, 27], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [26, 28]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [26, 27], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [26, 29]}}",{},1110.3777,3,4
+117,easy,117,"The stabiliser corresponding to the red octagon is [MATH] , where [MATH] ) is TC of a qubit .","The stabiliser corresponding to the red octagon can be rewritten as [MATH] , where [MATH] ) is TC of a qubit .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 11]}}",{},{},1512.05089,1,2
+118,easy,118,"This is because the graphs of such functions ( and of their inverses ) are chains with respect to the coordinatewise ordering and consequently [MATH] would be a Countryman type ( see [CITATION] or [CITATION] ) , therefore not embeddable into the real line .","This is because the graphs of such functions ( and of their inverses ) are chains with respect to the coordinatewise ordering and consequently the order of [MATH] would be a Countryman type ( see [CITATION] or [CITATION] ) , not embeddable into the real line .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [24, 27]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [37, 38], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},0710.1402,2,3
+119,hard,119,"Also , above the propagation threshold and to first order , Eq. ( [REF] ) shows that the distance between the cold front and the crack tip does not depend on the crack path .","Also , above the propagation threshold Eq. ( [REF] ) shows that to first order in [MATH] , the distance between the cold front and the crack tip , which is determined by [MATH] , does not depend on the crack path [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 18]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [28, 35]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [42, 43]}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 17]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [28, 35]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [42, 43]}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [6, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},0801.2101,1,2
+120,easy,120,"Once an [MATH] error is detected , corresponding Pauli errors can be corrected .","Once an [MATH] error is detected , corresponding Pauli errors are corrected .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 12], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}}",{},{},1512.05089,1,2
+121,easy,121,"For example , the period of alfalfa is [MATH] and its exponent is [MATH] .","For example , the period of alfalfa is [MATH] and [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1104.2303,2,3
+122,easy,122,PBGAN under setting F can achieve 25.81 [MATH] memory saving as well as 1.96 [MATH] and 1.32 [MATH] speedup during inference and training respectively .,PBGen under Setting F can achieve 25.81 [MATH] memory saving as well as 1.96 [MATH] and 1.32 [MATH] speedup during inference and training respectively with little performance loss .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [24, 28]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}}",{},{},1802.09153,1,2
+123,easy,123,"Therefore , some computing operations need to be performed with other mechanisms [CITATION] , for examples changing the topology of the system [CITATION] , anyonic interferometry [CITATION] or coupling MFs to topologically unprotected quantum systems ( TUQSs ) , e.g. superconducting circuits [CITATION] or quantum dots [CITATION] .","Therefore , some computing operations need to be performed with other mechanisms [CITATION] , for example , changing the topology of the system [CITATION] , anyonic interferometry [CITATION] or coupling MFs to topologically unprotected quantum systems ( TUQSs ) , e.g. superconducting circuits [CITATION] or quantum dots [CITATION] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 17]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [15, 16], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [15, 16], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 17]}}",{},1512.05089,1,2
+124,easy,124,"Furthermore , it is also to be noted that for low number of oscillators and small time scales , negative entropy production can also be observed .","For low number of oscillators and small time scales ( far from the thermodynamic limit ) , negative entropy production can be observed .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 16]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [23, 24], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},cond-mat-0602186,4,5
+125,easy,125,"In this model , lag terms [MATH] reflect time series correlation .","In this model , lag terms [MATH] reflects time series correlation .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}}",{},{},1301.2079,1,2
+126,easy,126,The only modification to the conventional Schrodinger-Poisson equation is the appearance [MATH] associated with the comoving spatial gradient [MATH] and the probability density [MATH] to be normalized to the background proper density [MATH] .,"The only modification to the conventional Schrodinger-Poisson equation is the appearance [MATH] associated with the comoving spatial gradient [MATH] , and the probability density [MATH] to be normalized to the background proper density [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 20]}}",{},{},0806.0232,1,2
+127,easy,127,"This is in accordance to the leading eigenvalue being close to unity , indicating a decelerated convergence close to the AFI .","This is in accordance to the leading eigenvalue being close to unity , indicating a decelerated convergence and pointing to the importance of long-wavelength fluctuations in the vicinity of the AFI .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 25]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [17, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [25, 29]}}",{},{},0812.2456,1,2
+128,easy,128,"Let [MATH] be a sequence of positive solutions of [MATH] , where [MATH] , [MATH] as [MATH] .","Let [MATH] be a sequence of positive solutions of [EQUATION] where [MATH] , [MATH] as [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}}",{},1506.00739,1,2
+129,easy,129,"In this letter , we present a new approach to thermodynamics grounded in the modern general theory of dynamical systems and without explicitly introducing probability concepts .","In this letter , we present a new approach to thermodynamics which is grounded in the modern general theory of dynamical systems and does not introduce probability concepts .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 13]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [21, 24], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [23, 26]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 13]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [22, 23], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [21, 22], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [23, 25]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [23, 24], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [25, 26]}}",{},cond-mat-0602186,2,3
+130,easy,130,"We have also shown that during the relaxation process up to the Rouse time , the leading anisotropic term of the single chain structure factor follows a similar pattern as predicted by GLaMM tube model .","We have also shown that during the relaxation process up to the Rouse time , the leading anisotropic term of the single chain structure factor follows a similar pattern as predicted by the GLaMM tube model .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [32, 33]}}",{},{},1805.01935,1,2
+131,easy,131,The connection between radiation and gravity models can be made by the observation that the surrounding population [MATH] of the radiation model in Eq. ( [REF] ) must be correlated with the distance [MATH] of the gravity model in Eq. ( [REF] ) .,The connection between radiation and gravity models can be made by the observation that the surrounding population [MATH] of the radiation model in Eq ( [REF] ) might be correlated with the distance [MATH] of the gravity model in Eq ( [REF] ) .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [23, 24], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [23, 24]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [27, 28], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [27, 28]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [39, 40], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [39, 40]}}",{},{},1803.09067,1,2
+132,easy,132,The first term on the r.h.s . describes the uncoupled system of oscillators while the second depends on a coupling parameter [MATH] that can be arbitrarily large .,The first term on the r.h.s . describes the uncoupled system of oscillators with natural frequencies [MATH] while the second depends on a global coupling parameter [MATH] that can be arbitrarily large .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 17]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [23, 24]}}",{},{},cond-mat-0602186,4,5
+133,easy,133,"Unlike virtually all master equation approaches , it treats the many-body dynamics without assuming the eigenproblem of the electronic system has already been solved ( since generally it can not be ) .","Unlike virtually all master equation approaches , it treats the dynamics without assuming the many-body problem of the electronic system to be solved .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [24, 32], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [20, 23], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [20, 22]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [15, 16], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}}",{},{},1206.2567,1,2
+134,easy,134,"Turning now to the discussion of the conical singularities in the [MATH] sector of the metric , one finds that there is a conical singularity : [EQUATION] along the outer axis [MATH] or [MATH] , while : [EQUATION] on the portion [MATH] in between the KK black hole horizons .","Turning now to the discussion of the conical singularities , to avoid a conical singularity at the location of a rod with direction [MATH] , the period [MATH] of the spacelike coordinate [MATH] ( such that [MATH] ) must be fixed as : [EQUATION] where [MATH] is the [MATH] -component of the metric while [MATH] is the norm of [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 12]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 60]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 22], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [25, 49], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},0909.3835,3,4
+135,easy,135,"In this article , we propose a panel data double factors model which consider both explanatory variables and error component factor decomposition .","In this article , we propose a panel data double factors model which include both explanatory variables and error component factor decomposition .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}}",{},{},1301.2079,1,2
+136,easy,136,"We present a tight-binding model of the [MATH] -SWCNT system ( C ) sandwiched between two semi-infinite ( 14,0 ) left ( L ) and right ( R ) nanotube electrodes as shown in fig. [REF] .","As the changes in conductance are due to the Au cluster and the nearest-neighbour carbon atoms , we present a tight-binding model of the [MATH] -SWCNT system ( C ) sandwiched between two semi-infinite ( 14,0 ) left ( L ) and right ( R ) nanotube electrodes as shown in figure [REF] .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 17]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [34, 35], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [51, 52]}}",{},{},1102.5645,1,2
+137,easy,137,Let [MATH] be a non-negative real number and define [EQUATION] and analogously for the other relations such as [MATH] .,Let [MATH] be a non-negative real number and define the languages [EQUATION] and analogously for the relations [MATH] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 11]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [16, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1104.2303,2,3
+138,easy,138,The function [MATH] denotes the prescribed initial condition of the PDE problem .,The function [MATH] denotes the initial datum of the IBVP .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 7]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 12], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}}",{},{},1205.4567,1,2
+139,easy,139,"In the scenario of implementing our surface-code protocol , any noisy PP , as long as it only affects four corresponding MFs , can be converted into an operation in the form of Eqs. ( [REF] ) and ( [REF] ) using some redundant exchange gates ( Sec. [REF] ) .","In the scenario of implementing our surface-code protocol , any noisy PP , as long as it only affects four relevant MFs , can be converted into an operation in the form of Eqs. ( [REF] ) and ( [REF] ) using some redundant exchange gates ( see Appendix [REF] ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [20, 21], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [20, 21]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [47, 48], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [47, 49]}}",{},{},1512.05089,1,2
+140,easy,140,"With increasing relaxation time , the range over which the ideal behavior holds slowly extends , however , remains still far from the structures of ideal chains .","With increasing relaxation time , the range over which the ideal behavior holds slowly extends , however , it remains still far from that of ideal chains .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [22, 24], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [23, 24]}}",{},{},1805.01935,1,2
+141,easy,141,DMDFM consider time series correlation and cross section correlation simultaneously .,DMDFM is concerned with time series correlation and cross section correlation simultaneously .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 4]}}",{},{},1301.2079,1,2
+142,easy,142,"As a consequence , the allowed region in ( [MATH] ) given by [CITATION] remains in good agreement with recent data .","As a consequence , the allowed region in ( [MATH] ) given by [CITATION] remains in good agreement with recent data ( see also [CITATION] for an updated analysis ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [21, 30]}}",{},{},astro-ph-0004412,2,3
+143,easy,143,"The [MATH] behaviour is hard to achieve numerically , so in this case we use the analytic approach of Ref. [CITATION] to provide an example of the full resulting spectrum .","However , for simplicity we follow here the the analytic approach of Ref. [CITATION] to provide examples of the full resulting spectra .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 8]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [23, 25], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 17]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [29, 30], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [21, 22]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 4]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 7]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [23, 25], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 17]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 6]}, '6': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [29, 30], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [21, 22]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 16], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 9]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [23, 25], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 17]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [29, 30], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [21, 22]}}",1907.05237,1,2
+144,easy,144,Let [MATH] be accepted by a DFA [MATH] of [MATH] states .,Let [MATH] be a language accepted by a DFA with [MATH] states .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 5]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}}",{},{},1104.2303,2,3
+145,easy,145,The model describing the main factors that affects the behavior of such systems has been proposed in the paper [CITATION] .,The model describing the main factors that affect the behavior of such systems was also proposed in paper [CITATION] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 15]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [17, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 17]}}",{},1405.1364,1,2
+146,easy,146,"In a GAN , a discriminative network ( discriminator ) learns to distinguish whether a given instance is real or fake , and a generator network ( generator ) learns to generate realistic instances to confuse the discriminator .","In a GAN , a discriminative network ( discriminator ) learns to distinguish whether a given instance is real or fake , and a generative network ( generator ) learns to generate realistic instances to confuse the discriminator .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [24, 25], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [24, 25]}}",{},{},1802.09153,1,2
+147,easy,147,"This strengthens the theoretical approach based on the classical LEFM theory combined with the two propagation criteria , namely PLS and Griffith .","This strengthens the theoretical approach based on the classical LEFM theory combined with the two propagation criteria , namely PLS and Griffith criterion ( but mostly PLS ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [22, 28]}}",{},{},0801.2101,1,2
+148,easy,148,"In the numerical tests , we will focus on the stabilized semi-implicit scheme for [MATH] -phase Cahn-Hilliard equations .","In the numerical tests , we will focus on the semi-implicit scheme for [MATH] -phase Cahn-Hilliard equations .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1602.08649,1,2
+149,easy,149,"With correction by our generic extinction curve , all of the radio-loud AGN have continuous optical-UV spectra consistent with a single shape .","With correction by our generic extinction curve , all of the radio-loud AGNs have continuous optical-UV spectra consistent with a single shape .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [12, 13]}}",{},{},astro-ph-0309595,1,2
+150,easy,150,"For [MATH] , we have [MATH] and an nns is given by [EQUATION]","For [MATH] , we have [MATH] and a non-trivial nonnegative solution given by [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 11]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 11]}}",{},1906.06209,2,3
+151,easy,151,These transition amplitudes are calculated in a fashion insensitive to mode-dependent input and output loss : The loss terms drop out by relating all input and output single-photon count rates to each other .,These transition amplitudes are calculated in a fashion insensitive to mode-dependent input and output loss : the loss terms drop out by relating all input and output single-photon count rates to each other .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [16, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 17]}}",{},{},1512.04769,1,2
+152,easy,152,"Such a decrease reflects the fact that more details are generated at the output of a layer as its depth grows , as can also be seen in Figure [REF] .","Such a decrease reflects the fact that more details are generated at the output of a layer as its depth grows , as can also be seen in Fig. [REF] .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [28, 29], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [28, 29]}}",{},{},1802.09153,1,2
+153,easy,153,Since the case of circles on the sphere is a generalization of the case of circles of the plane ( as it can be seen easily by stereographic projection ) Cayley indirectly proved also the Steiner 's second construction .,Since the case of circles on the sphere is a generalization of the case of circles of the plane ( as it can be seen easily by stereographic projection ) Cayley indirectly proved Steiner 's second construction .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [33, 35], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1204.5014,1,2
+154,easy,154,This way a complete and reasonably accurate set of [MATH] real entries of any [MATH] unitary can be sensed if mode-dependent loss plays a secondary role .,This way a complete and reasonably accurate set of [MATH] real entries of any [MATH] unitary can be sensed if mode-dependent propagation loss plays a secondary role .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [21, 22]}}",{},{},1512.04769,1,2
+155,easy,155,"Such differences as there are between the optical-only and UV-optical reddenings could be due to departures from our reddening curve ( e.g. , because of reddening by additional extra-nuclear dust ) , but they could equally well be due to differences in the samples .","The differences in Fig. 5 between the reddenings deduced from these two spectral regions could be due to departures from our reddening curve ( e.g. , because of reddening by additional extra-nuclear dust ) , but they could equally well be due to differences in the samples .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 5]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [8, 14]}}",{},{},astro-ph-0309595,1,2
+156,easy,156,"Our data indicate that this is because the number of entanglements [MATH] in their polymer melt systems is not big enough and/or the applied strain is not large enough , i.e. the stretch ratio [MATH] is too small .","Our data indicate that there the number of entanglements [MATH] is not big enough and/or the applied strain is not large enough ; i.e. , the stretch ratio [MATH] is too small .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [24, 25]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [29, 30], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [22, 23]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [29, 31], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [22, 25]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 7], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}}",{},1805.01935,1,2
+157,easy,157,"Using the rule [ OneLapNull ] repeatedly , we couple the random samplings from the remaining iterations to prove that the above [MATH] -lifting remains valid through subsequent iterations - in particular , note that couplings for iterations beyond [MATH] incur no privacy cost .","Using the rule [ OneLapNull ] repeatedly , we couple the random samplings from the remaining iterations to prove that the above [MATH] -lifting remains valid through subsequent iterations - note that couplings for iterations beyond [MATH] incur no privacy cost .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [30, 33], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1601.05047,1,2
+158,easy,158,We prepare the initial condition with CMBFAST which runs on [MATH] grids in the 100 [MATH] comving box at [MATH] with [MATH] CDM cosmology .,We prepare the initial conditions with CMBFAST at [MATH] with [MATH] CDM cosmology .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}}",{},{},0806.0232,1,2
+159,easy,159,To date ( and to the best of our knowledge ) only a few first principles studies of solutes and impurities have been performed in austenitic Fe [CITATION] and only the work of Nazarov [CITATION] includes defect calculations ( in order to study vacancy-hydrogen interactions ) .,To date ( and to the best of our knowledge ) only a few first-principles studies of solutes and impurities have been performed in austenitic Fe [CITATION] and only the work of Nazarov [CITATION] includes defect calculations ( in order to study vacancy-hydrogen interactions ) .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 16], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 15]}}",{},{},1107.0260,1,2
+160,easy,160,Most of our analysis can be easily generalized to the case of multiple endogenous variables and multiple exogenous covariates .,Most of our derivations can be easily generalized to the case of multiple endogenous variables and multiple exogenous covariates .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 4]}}",{},{},1709.00081,1,2
+161,easy,161,"This 1 to [MATH] effect , exists only for the 1nn shell and decays rapidly with distance .",This 1 to [MATH] effect exists only for the 1nn shell and decays rapidly with distance .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1107.0260,1,2
+162,easy,162,"Eq. ( [REF] ) is relevant for the understanding of highly debated zeta-potential measurements on free interfaces of ( not confined ) bubbles and oil drops [CITATION] , and justifies the use of the Smoluchowsky equation when [MATH] .",Eq. ( [REF] ) is relevant for the understanding of highly debated zeta-potential measurements on free interfaces of ( not confined ) bubbles and oil drops [CITATION] .,"{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [27, 38], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},{},1410.4028,1,2
+163,easy,163,The technique is simple and straightforward ; the relative abundance of deuterium and hydrogen are measured through absorption profile fitting of the Lyman series .,The technique is simple and straightforward ; the relative abundances of deuterium and hydrogen are measured through absorption profile fitting of the Lyman series .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}}",{},{},astro-ph-0008495,2,3
+164,easy,164,In this process step the unitary constraints are implemented and this can be done either via an active or via a passive approach .,Both utilize a sufficient set of data for this purpose and in the following we refer to this strategy as a passive approach .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 19]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [19, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 20]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 20]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}}",{},1512.04769,1,2
+165,easy,165,Upper limits are provided on the number of long-lived particle decays in the data sample and on the cross-section for production of particles that give rise to the search signatures in a variety of supersymmetric models .,Upper limits are provided on the number of long-lived particle decays in the data sample and on the cross section for production of particles that give rise to the search signatures in a variety of supersymmetric models .,"{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 20]}}",{},{},1504.05162,1,2
+166,easy,166,"In Sec. ( II ) , we provide an explanation for the possible existence of the Bose-Einstein state for the extremely low mass bosons under investigation here .","In Sec.2 , we provide an explanation for the possible existence of the Bose-Einstein state for the extremely low mass bosons under investigation here .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}}",{},{},0806.0232,1,2
+167,easy,167,"Including the Hartree shifts also leads to a reduction of the height of the peak at [MATH] , highlighting the sensitive dependence of the [MATH] AFM state upon fine details of the nesting .","Including the Hartree shifts also leads to a reduction of the height of the peak at [MATH] , probably due to the shrinking of the [MATH] pocket , highlighting the sensitive dependence of the [MATH] AFM state upon fine details of the nesting .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 27]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 28]}}",{},1007.1949,1,2
+168,easy,168,"However , none of them can be said to be conclusive if considered separately from the other .","However , at present , none of them can be said to be conclusive if considered separately from the others .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 5]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [16, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 20]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 4]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': [16, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 20]}}",{},astro-ph-0004412,2,3
+169,easy,169,"Starting from this paper , we study the compactness of solutions of the constant [MATH] -curvature equation for [MATH] .","In this paper , we study the compactness of solutions of the constant [MATH] -curvature equation for [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}}",{},{},1506.00739,2,3
+170,easy,170,"While [MATH] has always been reported to be weak in AGNs , it should be noted that De Zotti Gaskell ( 1985 ) did find a correlation between their estimated reddening and published strengths of the [MATH] feature ( see their Table 3 and their Fig. 12 ) for dust in the host galaxy plane of Seyferts .","While [MATH] has almost always been reported to be weak in AGNs , it should be noted that De Zotti Gaskell ( 1985 ) did find a correlation between their estimated reddening and published strengths of the [MATH] feature ( see their Table 3 and their Fig. 12 ) for dust in the host galaxy plane of Seyferts .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 4]}}",{},{},astro-ph-0309595,2,3
+171,easy,171,"The density profile of the outskirts also obeys power law , with a power index [MATH] , slightly shallower than that produced by the cold dark matter .","The density profiles of the outskirts also obey power law , with a power index [MATH] , slightly shallower than that produced by the cold dark matter .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}}",{},{},0806.0232,1,2
+172,easy,172,"Employing the reaction scheme [MATH] , but allowing e.g. the product number [MATH] to be a-priori unknown and sampled from a given distribution , we show that such non-demographic noise can greatly increase the population 's stability compared to the fixed [MATH] case .","Employing the reaction scheme [MATH] , but allowing e.g. the product number [MATH] to be a-priori unknown and sampled from a given distribution , we show that such non-demographic noise can greatly reduce the population 's extinction risk compared to the fixed [MATH] case .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [32, 33], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [32, 33]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [36, 37], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [36, 38]}}",{},{},1710.01496,1,2
+173,easy,173,"As a result , it is likely that species capable of adopting such behavior are more viable and have a higher fitness , but further study of this phenomenon is required , especially in "" real-life "" biological and ecological systems .","As a result , it is likely that species capable of adopting such behavior are more likely to decrease their extinction risk and to have a higher fitness .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [23, 24]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 22]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [22, 41], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [16, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 17]}}",{},{},1710.01496,1,2
+174,easy,174,There certainly are many more directions in which efforts to determine probabilities of bound-entangled states can be directed ( cf. [CITATION] for a [MATH] density matrix analysis ) .,"There certainly are many more directions in which efforts to determine probabilities of bound-entangled states can be directed ( cf. [CITATION] for a [MATH] density matrix analysis , and [CITATION] for multipartitite issues ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [27, 33]}}",{},{},1905.09228,1,2
+175,easy,175,"At the upper limit of this extreme range , all the light-element abundances , ( D/H ) [MATH] , ( [MATH] Li/H ) [MATH] and [MATH] , are uncomfortably different from their inferred values .","We also note that at the upper limit of this extreme range , [MATH] , all the light-element abundances , ( D/H ) [MATH] , ( [MATH] Li/H ) [MATH] and [MATH] , are uncomfortably different from their inferred values .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 4]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [12, 14]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 4]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 15]}}",{},astro-ph-0008495,3,4
+176,easy,176,"PYTHIA 6.426.2 is used to produce GGM samples denoted [MATH] , in which the NLSP [MATH] is a higgsino-like neutralino .","PYTHIA 6.426.2 is used to produce GGM samples denoted [MATH] , in which the NLSP [MATH] is a Higgsino-like neutralino .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}}",{},{},1504.05162,1,2
+177,easy,177,"[REF] , the total binding energy increases steadily with the addition of defects .","As shown in Fig. [REF] , the total binding energy increases steadily with the addition of defects .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 4]}}",{},{},1107.0260,1,2
+178,hard,178,"Here , [MATH] , [MATH] , and [MATH] denote parameters of the reconstruction procedure , which is visualized in figure [REF] as a flowchart .",Here [MATH] denotes the reconstruction approach and [MATH] the level of perturbance on the primary data .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 16]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 24], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}, '6': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 6]}}",{},{},1512.04769,1,2
+179,easy,179,"The previous two propositions and the following result show that in weight two , three and four both Broadhurst-Zlobin Conjecture and our Main Conjecture 2 are true .",The previous two propositions and the following two results show that if weight [MATH] then both Broadhurst-Zlobin Conjecture and our Main Conjecture 2 are true .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 15]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 9]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 12]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}}",{},{},0705.2267,3,4
+180,hard,180,We can evaluate from these equations and Eq. ( [REF] ) the rate of entropy production as [EQUATION],Eqs. ( [REF] ) represent the dynamics of the conjugate action variables and the entropy production can be calculated from Eq. ( [REF] ) as [EQUATION],"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 12]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 19]}}",{},{},cond-mat-0602186,4,5
+181,hard,181,"One can readily see now that once one takes the limit [MATH] the product [MATH] remains constant , same as [MATH] .",Then the extremal limit is simply obtained by taking [MATH] such that the products [MATH] and [MATH] are kept constant .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 12]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [17, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [15, 16], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 19]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 9]}}",{},{},0909.3835,2,3
+182,hard,182,"In the wire network shown in Fig. [REF] ( b ) , all PPs are performed with PP TUQSs of qubits and neighbouring stabilisers share measurement TUQSs .","Stabiliser measurements can also be implemented in such a system : all MFs are created on Qubits ( four qubit MFs and eight ancillary MFs per qubit ) , all PPs are performed using the only PP TUQS of each qubit , and TCs of ancillary MFs are measured using the measurement TUQS connecting two Qubits .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 28]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [34, 36]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [41, 42]}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [16, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [33, 34]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [37, 38]}, '6': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [20, 21], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [39, 41]}, '7': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [22, 27], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [43, 56]}}",{},{},1512.05089,1,2
+183,easy,183,"As the length of each module is half the total size of the system and the impurity couplings are non perturbative , the energy gap remains sizable even for very long chains and stability against thermal fluctuations is assured even at moderately high temperatures .","As the length of each module is half the total size of the system and the impurity couplings are non perturbative , the energy gap remains sizable and thus thermal stability is assured .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [28, 29]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [27, 32], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [39, 44], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [33, 37], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [29, 31]}}",{},{},1303.3768,1,2
+184,easy,184,"Assumption of error term and its moments come from three parts : mean , variance , moments condition , they are also called weak correlation assumption .","Assumptions of error term and its moments come from three parts : mean , variance , and moments condition , which are also called weak correlation assumptions .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [16, 17]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [25, 26], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [26, 27]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [19, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [20, 21]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}}",{},{},1301.2079,1,2
+185,hard,185,"We define the "" temperature "" of the DOF [MATH] as [MATH] , so that the "" thermodynamics "" of one DOF has the same structure as the thermodynamics of the whole system .","We define the "" temperature "" and "" entropy "" of the DOF [MATH] as [EQUATION] so that the thermodynamic formalism for one DOF resembles that for the whole system .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 10]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 12], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 16]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [16, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [19, 22]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [22, 30], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [24, 27]}}",{},{},cond-mat-0602186,4,5
+186,hard,186,We believe that the analyzes done in this letter can be extended to study the sensor response of other low dimensional sensors based on SWCNT and graphene decorated with DNA [CITATION] for chemical and biological sensing and give predictions to strengthen future experiments .,"This theoretical approach can be applied to other low-dimensional structures such as CNT , graphene and systems functionalized with DNA [CITATION] for sensing applications .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 17]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 3]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 18], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [36, 43], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 12], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 6]}, '6': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [19, 26], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [8, 14]}, '7': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [27, 28], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 18]}, '8': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [32, 36], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [22, 24]}}",{},{},1102.5645,1,2
+187,hard,187,"For these cases , the Eq. ( [REF] ) becomes the statement of the equipartition principle [MATH] and the entropy takes the form [EQUATION]","For these cases , Eq. ( [REF] ) takes the form [MATH] and entropy is [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [14, 16]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 19], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [23, 24], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 12]}}",{},{},cond-mat-0602186,2,3
+188,easy,188,Wingreen et al. [CITATION] introduced a general formulation for time-dependent transport through a small interacting region connected to two non-interacting leads using NEGF formalism where the time-dependence arises because of externally applied time-dependent voltages .,Wingreenet al. [CITATION] have studied the time-dependent electronic transport through a small interacting region connected to two non-interacting leads using the NEGF formalism where the time-dependence arises because of externally applied time-dependent voltages .,"{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [20, 21]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 6]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [20, 21]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 5]}, '4': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': None, 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 6]}}",{},1102.5645,1,2
+189,easy,189,The problem unifies many fundamental clustering and location problems such as [MATH] -Median and [MATH] -Center .,"Since the 1990s , this problem has been studied extensively in the discrete optimization and operations research communities and has emerged as a framework unifying many fundamental clustering and location problems such as [MATH] -Median and [MATH] -Center .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 4]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [6, 24]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 5]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 3], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [24, 25]}}",{},{},1711.01972,1,2
+190,hard,190,"Now we consider states ( [REF] ) with only two quasi-photons , one of the first kind , and another one of the second kind and with parallel polarizations [MATH] , [MATH] .","Let us consider a state ( [REF] ) with two quasiphotons , one of the first kind , and another one of the second kind and with parallel polarizations [MATH] and [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 2]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [3, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 5]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [30, 31], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [30, 31]}}",{},{},1405.4191,1,2
+191,easy,191,"The Hamiltonian operator [MATH] and the energy levels [MATH] , for a particle with mass [MATH] in an ISW with length [MATH] are [CITATION] [EQUATION] where the action of [MATH] on basis [REF] is [EQUATION]","Due to [REF] , it is necessary to construct a new initial Hamiltonian [MATH] from creation and annihilation [REF] operators of [MATH] [EQUATION] which has associated with the eigenvalue zero , the ground state [MATH] , constructed from the coherent states [REF] [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 34], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 42]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0406137,1,2
+192,easy,192,"The vectors [MATH] can be represented as elements of the computational basis [MATH] ( [REF] ) , [EQUATION]","Introducing the computational basis , [EQUATION] we rewrite the vector ( [REF] ) as [EQUATION]","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [12, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [16, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [13, 14]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [4, 10]}}",{},{},1405.4191,1,2
+193,hard,193,"Solving first order partial derivative to objective function [MATH] with respect to parameter [MATH] and [MATH] : [EQUATION] where [MATH] are first order partial derivative with respect to parameter to be estimated , because we obtain estimation results of ( 20 ) via minimize objective function ( 18 ) , which converge to ( 19 ) consistently .","Calculating the first order partial derivative to objective function [MATH] with respect to parameter [MATH] and [MATH] , we have : [EQUATION] where [MATH] are first order partial derivative s with respect to the parameters to be estimated , since we obtain the estimators form ( 20 ) via minimizing objective function ( 18 ) , which converge to ( 19 ) consistently .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [17, 20]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [29, 30]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 2]}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [28, 29], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [33, 35]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [33, 34], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [39, 40]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [36, 39], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [42, 45]}, '6': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [43, 44], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [49, 50]}}",{},{},1301.2079,1,2
+194,hard,194,Sensors make significant impact in everyday life with applications ranging from health to environment .,"This has led to the development of CNT-based chemical sensors that can result in many societal benefits and daily life applications ranging from healthcare , environment to industry .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 9]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [10, 11]}, '2': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [26, 28]}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 19]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [23, 25]}}",{},{},1102.5645,1,2
+195,easy,195,"Thus , there appear a possibility of creating an indirect interaction between the external magnetic field and the photon beam .","Thereby , the possibility of creating an indirect interaction between the external magnetic field and the photon beam appears .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 1]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [2, 4], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 19]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [2, 3]}}",{},{},1405.4191,1,2
+196,hard,196,"We present a quantum algorithm for a ( classically ) incomputable decision problem : the Hilbert 's tenth problem ; namely , we present a hypercomputation model based on quantum computation .","We present a possible quantum algorithm for a classically non-computable decision problem , Hilbert 's tenth problem ; more specifically , we present a possible hypercomputation model based on quantum computation .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [3, 4]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Lang-accurate-spefific', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [24, 25]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [14, 15], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '4': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [9, 10], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [9, 10]}, '6': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 14], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [12, 13]}, '7': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [20, 21], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [18, 20]}}",{},{},quant-ph-0406137,1,2
+197,easy,197,The difference between the gyration radii along the [MATH] and [MATH] -axes becomes more pronounced and results in a horizontal shift of [MATH] to smaller values of [MATH] .,"The differences between the gyration radii along the [MATH] and [MATH] axes become more pronounced , resulting in a horizontal shift of [MATH] to smaller values of [MATH] .","{'0': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [1, 2]}, '1': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [11, 13], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 13]}, '2': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [15, 17], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [15, 17]}}",{},{},1805.01935,1,2
+198,hard,198,The number of iterations required in ADMM typically drops dramatically during the first couple of iterations of the primal dual method .,"In particular , it dramatically decreases the amount of ADMM iterations necessary in the first couple of iterations of the primal-dual method .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [0, 4]}, '1': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [5, 6], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Lang-improve-readability-Simplify', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [7, 8], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [1, 2], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [7, 8]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [4, 5], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [11, 12]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [8, 9], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [5, 6]}, '6': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Lang-professional-Improve-style', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [10, 11], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [12, 13]}, '7': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Improve-grammar-Typo', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [18, 20], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [20, 21]}}",{},{},1406.2192,1,2
+199,hard,199,"( Let us note now-as a prototypical example of our subsequent more demanding [ three-parameter ] calculations-that the Hilbert-Schmidt PPT-probability for this [ one-parameter- [MATH] ] Horodecki-state is [MATH] , and the bound-entangled probability , [MATH] . )","Let us note now-as a prototypical example of our subsequent more demanding three- and four-parameter calculations-that the Hilbert-Schmidt PPT-probability for this one-parameter ( [MATH] ) Horodecki-state is [MATH] , the probability of entanglement is also [MATH] , and the bound-entangled probability , [MATH] ( cf. [CITATION] , and sec. [REF] below ) .","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [29, 37]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [43, 51]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 16], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [12, 15]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [22, 24], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [21, 23]}, '5': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [25, 26], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [24, 25]}}","{'0': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [29, 37]}, '1': {'type': 'Insertion', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': None, 'sentence-2-token-indices': [43, 51]}, '2': {'type': 'Deletion', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [0, 1], 'sentence-2-token-indices': None}, '3': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Content', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [13, 16], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [12, 15]}, '4': {'type': 'Substitute', 'intention': 'Format', 'sentence-1-token-indices': [22, 26], 'sentence-2-token-indices': [21, 25]}}",{},1905.09228,1,2