document: A high-resolution high-frequency monolithic top-shooting microinjector free of satellite drops - part I : concept , design , and model Introduces an innovative microinjector design , featuring a bubble valve , which entails superior droplet ejection characteristics and monolithic fabrication , which allows handling of a wide range of liquids . This new microinjector uses asymmetric bubbles to reduce crosstalk , increase frequency response and eliminate satellite droplets . During a firing , i.e. , droplet ejection , the `` virtual valve '' closes , by growing a thermal bubble in the microchannel , to isolate the microchamber from the liquid supply and neighboring chambers . Between firings , however , the virtual valve opens , by collapsing the bubble , to reduce flow restriction for fast refilling of the microchamber . The use of bubble valves brings about fast and reliable device operation without imposing the significant complication fabrication of physical microvalves would call for . In addition , through a special heater configuration and chamber designs , bubbles surrounding the nozzle cut off the tail of the droplets being ejected and completely eliminate satellite droplets . A simple one-dimensional model of the operation of the microinjector is used to estimate the bubble formation and liquid refilling
doc_bio_tags: O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I
extractive_keyphrases: bubble valve droplet ejection characteristics asymmetric bubbles crosstalk liquid refilling frequency response satellite droplets virtual valve flow restriction chamber designs
abstractive_keyphrases: monolithic top-shooting microinjector inkjet printing thermal bubble jet