document: Sensing and control of double-sided arc welding process The welding industry is driven to improve productivity without sacrificing quality . For thick material welding , the current practice is to use backing or multiple passes . The laser welding process , capable of achieving deep narrow penetration , can significantly improve welding productivity for such applications by reducing the number of passes . However , its competitiveness in comparison with traditional arc welding is weakened by its high cost , strict fit-up requirement , and difficulty in welding large structures . In this work , a different method , referred to as double-sided arc welding -LRB- DSAW -RRB- is developed to improve the arc concentration for arc welding . A sensing and control system is developed to achieve deep narrow penetration under variations in welding conditions . Experiments verified that the pulsed keyhole DSAW system developed is capable of achieving deep narrow penetration on a 1/2 inch thick square butt joint in a single pass
doc_bio_tags: O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O
extractive_keyphrases: laser welding process control system thick material welding
abstractive_keyphrases: double-sided arc welding process control energy density controlled pulse keyhole