text: Insight into the emerging role of SARS CoV 2 nonstructural and accessory proteins in modulation of multiple mechanisms of host innate defense Coronavirus disease 19 COVID 19 is an extremely infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 SARS CoV 2 that has become a major global health concern The induction of a coordinated immune response is crucial to the elimination of any pathogenic infection However SARS CoV 2 can modulate the host immune system to favor viral adaptation and persistence within the host The virus can counteract type I interferon IFN I production attenuating IFN I signaling pathway activation and disrupting antigen presentation Simultaneously SARS CoV 2 infection can enhance apoptosis and the production of inflammatory mediators which ultimately results in increased disease severity SARS CoV 2 produces an array of effector molecules including nonstructural proteins NSPs and open reading frames ORFs accessory proteins We describe the complex molecular interplay of SARS CoV 2 NSPs and accessory proteins with the hosts signaling mediating immune evasion in the current review In addition the crucial role played by immunomodulation therapy to address immune evasion is discussed Thus the current review can provide new directions for the development of vaccines and specific therapies 