text: Public health consequences after ten years of the Syrian crisis a literature review Ten years of the Syrian war had a devastating effect on Syrian lives including millions of refugees and displaced people enormous destruction in the infrastructure and the worst economic crisis Syria has ever faced The health sector was hit hard by this war up to 50 of the health facilities have been destroyed and up to 70 of the healthcare providers fled the country seeking safety which increased the workload and mental pressure for the remaining medical staff Five databases were searched and 438 articles were included according to the inclusion criteria the articles were divided into categories according to the topic of the article Through this review the current health status of the Syrian population living inside Syria whether under governmental or opposition control was reviewed and also the health status of the Syrian refugees was examined according to each host country Public health indicators were used to summarize and categorize the information This research reviewed mental health children and maternal health oral health non communicable diseases infectious diseases occupational health and the effect of the COVID 19 pandemic on the Syrian healthcare system The results of the review are irritating as still after ten years of war and millions of refugees there is an enormous need for healthcare services and international organization has failed to respond to those needs The review ended with the current and future challenges facing the healthcare system and suggestions about rebuilding the healthcare system Through this review the major consequences of the Syrian war on the health of the Syrian population have been reviewed and highlighted Considerable challenges will face the future of health in Syria which require the collaboration of the health authorities to respond to the growing needs of the Syrian population This article draws an overview about how the Syrian war affected health sector for Syrian population inside and outside Syria after ten years of war which makes it an important reference for future researchers to get the main highlight of the health sector during the Syrian crisis 