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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarkent

Jarkent

Introduction

Jarkent (, Jarkent), formerly known as Panfilov (, until 1991) and Dzharkent (, until 1942), is a which serves as the administrative center of in the , Kazakhstan. It is located near the Usek river, not far from the . The city's population totaled 42,617 as of 2019. The town was founded in 1882 as Jarkent. From 1942 until 1991 it was named Panfilov after , the n hero who died in battle in 1941. Jarkent is well known for its nineteenth-century , commissioned by a wealthy merchant and community leader named Vali Bay. It is notable for its unique mix of Chinese and Central Asian styles of architecture.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrik%20K%C3%BChnen

Patrik Kühnen

Introduction

Patrik Kühnen (born 11 February 1966) is a German former professional , who turned professional in 1985. Kühnen had his biggest career singles win in the fourth round at Wimbledon in 1988 when he beat en route to the quarterfinals in which he lost to eventual champion . The right-hander reached his highest singles -ranking on May 15, 1989, when he became the number 43 of the world. He won three doubles titles during his career. He was part of the German teams that won the competition in 1988 and 1993. Since 2003 he is the captain for 's Davis Cup team and also coaches the German team in the which won the competition in 2005 and 2011.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%C3%A0tiva

Xàtiva

Introduction

Xàtiva (, ) is a town in eastern , in the , on the right (western) bank of the river Albaida and at the junction of the – and Valencia  railways. It is located 25 km west of the Mediterranean Sea. During the Islamic era, brought the technology to manufacture to Xàtiva. In the 12th century, Xàtiva was known for its schools, education, and learning circles. Islamic scholar 's last name refers to Xàtiva where he lived and died. After the by Northern Christian kingdoms and the following Christian repopulation, the city became the cradle of one of the most powerful and controversial families of the , the , which produced Popes like (Alfonso de Borgia) and (Rodrigo de Borgia).

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%C3%A0tiva

Xàtiva

History

Xàtiva (, ) is a town in eastern , in the , on the right (western) bank of the river Albaida and at the junction of the – and Valencia  railways. It is located 25 km west of the Mediterranean Sea. During the Islamic era, brought the technology to manufacture to Xàtiva. In the 12th century, Xàtiva was known for its schools, education, and learning circles. Islamic scholar 's last name refers to Xàtiva where he lived and died. After the by Northern Christian kingdoms and the following Christian repopulation, the city became the cradle of one of the most powerful and controversial families of the , the , which produced Popes like (Alfonso de Borgia) and (Rodrigo de Borgia).

Xàtiva (Saetabis in Latin) was famous in Roman times for its linen fabrics, mentioned by the Latin poets and . Xàtiva is also known as an early European centre of . In the 12th century, brought the technology to manufacture to Xàtiva ( Shāṭiba). It is the birthplace of two popes, and , and also the painter (Lo Spagnoletto). It suffered a dark moment in its history at the hands of , who, after his victory at the during the , had the city then ordered it to be burned and renamed San Felipe. In memory of the insult, the portrait of the monarch hangs upside down in the local . Xàtiva was briefly a provincial capital under the short-lived , during the . The was revoked with the return to in 1823.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%C3%A0tiva

Xàtiva

Main sights

Xàtiva (, ) is a town in eastern , in the , on the right (western) bank of the river Albaida and at the junction of the – and Valencia  railways. It is located 25 km west of the Mediterranean Sea. During the Islamic era, brought the technology to manufacture to Xàtiva. In the 12th century, Xàtiva was known for its schools, education, and learning circles. Islamic scholar 's last name refers to Xàtiva where he lived and died. After the by Northern Christian kingdoms and the following Christian repopulation, the city became the cradle of one of the most powerful and controversial families of the , the , which produced Popes like (Alfonso de Borgia) and (Rodrigo de Borgia).

Xàtiva is built on the margin of a fertile plain, and on the northern slopes of the Monte Vernissa, a hill with two peaks crowned by . The , dating from 1414, but rebuilt about a century later in the Renaissance style, was formerly a cathedral, and is the chief among many churches and convents. The town-hall and a church on the castle hill are partly constructed of inscribed Roman masonry, and several houses date from the period. Other sights include: Royal Monastery of the Assumption, Gothic and Baroque style, built during the 14th century and renovated in the 16th–18th centuries. . (St Felix) – 13th century church. (St Peter) - 14th century church. The interior has a decorated in Gothic-Mudéjar style. (15th century), in Gothic style Almodí, a 14th-century Gothic edifice (1530–1548) now housing a Museum Village of

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yavoriv

Yavoriv

Twin towns — Sister cities

Yavoriv (, ; ; ; ) is a in the of which is around 15 kilometers from the border. It is the administrative centre of and is situated approximately west of the oblast capital, . Yavoriv hosts the administration of , one of the s of Ukraine. Its population is approximately . Not far from it is the watering-place of with .

Yavoriv is with:

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerez%20de%20los%20Caballeros

Jerez de los Caballeros

Introduction

Jerez de los Caballeros () is a town of south-western , in the province of . It is located on two hills overlooking the River , a tributary of the , 18 km east of the border. The old town is surrounded by a wall with six gates. The newer portion is well built, and has numerous and other s. Its main industry is in agricultural production, especially in and from herds of which are reared in the surrounding s. The town is said to have been founded by in 1229; in 1232 it was extended by his son , who gave it to the . Hence the name Jerez de los Caballeros, Jerez of the Knights. Jerez de los Caballeros is the birthplace of the explorers and . On 10 May 1539, Hernando de Soto wrote in his will: "That a chapel be erected within the Church of San Miguel in Jerez de los Cabelleros, Spain, where De Soto grew up, at a cost of 2,000 ducats, with an altarpiece featuring the Virgin Mary, Our Lady of the Conception, that his tomb be covered in a fine black broadcloth topped by a red cross of the Order of the Knights of Santiago, and on special occasions a pall of black velvet with the De Soto coat of arms be placed on the altar; that a chaplain be hired at the salary of 12,000 maravedis to perform five masses every week for the souls of De Soto, his parents and wife; that thirty masses be said for him the day his body was interred, and twenty for our Lady of the Conception, ten for the Holy Ghost, sixty for souls in purgatory and masses for many others as well; that 150000 maravedis be given annually to his wife Isabel for her needs and an equal amount used yearly to marry off three orphan damsels...the poorest that can be found," who would then assist his wife and also serve to burnish the memory of De Soto as a man of charity and substance. However, De Soto ended up dead in the house of an Indian chief at the headwaters of the Arkansas River near present-day McArthur, Arkansas, and died an impoverished defeated man, with "four Indian slaves, three horses and 700 hogs".

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilapidation

Dilapidation

Ecclesiastical law

Dilapidation is a term meaning a destructive event to a building, but more particularly used in the plural in for the waste committed by the incumbent of an living the disrepair for which a is usually liable when he has agreed to give up his premises in good repair. Dilapidation is derived from the for scattering the stones () of a building.

In general English law a has no power to cut down timber, destroy buildings, etc., or to let buildings fall into disrepair (see ). In the eye of the law an incumbent of a living is a tenant for life of his , and any waste, voluntary or permissive, on his part must be made good by his to his successor in office. The principles on which such dilapidations are to be ascertained, and the application of the money payable in respect thereof, depend partly on old and partly on . Questions as to ecclesiastical dilapidations usually arise in respect of the residence house and other buildings belonging to the living. , hedges, ditches and the like are included in things of which the beneficed person has the burden and charge of . In a leading case (Ross v. Adcock, 1868, L.R. 3 C.P. 657) it was said that the court was acquainted with no or decision extending the liability of the s of a deceased incumbent to any species of waste beyond dilapidation of the house, or other buildings or fences of the benefice. And it has been held that the mere mismanagement or miscultivation of the ecclesiastical lands will not give rise to an action for dilapidations. To place the law relating to dilapidations on a more satisfactory footing, the Ecclesiastical Dilapidations Act 1871 was passed. The buildings to which the act applies are defined to be such houses of residence, chancels, walls, fences and other buildings and things as the incumbent of the benefice is by law and custom bound to maintain in repair. In each a is appointed by the s and rural subject to the approval of the ; and such surveyor shall by the direction of the bishop examine the buildings on the following occasions viz. when the benefice is ; when it is vacant; at the request of the incumbent or on complaint by the archdeacon, rural dean or . The surveyor specifies the works required, and gives an estimate of their probable cost. In the case of a vacant benefice, the new incumbent and the old incumbent or his representatives may lodge objections to the surveyors report on any grounds of fact or law, and the bishop, after consideration, may make an order for the repairs and their cost, for which the late incumbent or his representatives are . The sum so stated becomes a debt due from the late incumbent or his representatives to the new incumbent, who shall pay over the money when recovered to the governors of . The governors pay for the works on execution on receipt of a certificate from the surveyor; and the surveyor, when the works have been completed to his satisfaction, gives a certificate to that effect, the effect of which, so far as regards the incumbent, is to protect him from liability for dilapidations for the next five years. Unnecessary buildings belonging to a residence house may, by the authority of the bishop and with the consent of the patron, be removed. An amending statute of 1872 (Ecclesiastical Dilapidations Act (1871) Amendment) relates chiefly to advances by the governors of for the purposes of the act.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%20Benito

Don Benito

Introduction

Don Benito () is a Spanish town and municipality in the , , near the left bank of the river. According to the 2014 , the municipality has a population of 37,011.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Bowdoin%20College%20people

List of Bowdoin College people

Presidents of Bowdoin

This list is of notable people associated with in . This list includes alumni, faculty, and honorary degree recipients.

(1802–07) (1807–19) (1820–39) (1839–66) (1867–71) (1871–83) (1885–1917) (1918–52) (1952–67) (1969–78) (1978–80) (1981–90) (1990–2001) (2001–2015) (2015–present)

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Bowdoin%20College%20people

List of Bowdoin College people

Arts and letters

This list is of notable people associated with in . This list includes alumni, faculty, and honorary degree recipients.

Note: individuals who belong in multiple sections appear in the most relevant section.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lim%20Boon%20Heng

Lim Boon Heng

Introduction

Lim Boon Heng (; born 18 November 1947) is a Singaporean former politician. A former member of the governing (PAP), he was a (MP) between 1980 and 2011, and had served in the between 2001 and 2011. He was also the chairman of the party's (CEC) between 2004 and 2011. Lim was also served as Chairman of NTUC Enterprise Co-operative, Deputy Chairman of the Singapore Labour Foundation, Secretary-General of the (NTUC) and Deputy Chairman of the . Since retiring from politics, Lim has been serving as the chairman of since 2013.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andreas%20Maurer

Andreas Maurer

Introduction

Andreas Maurer (born 8 March 1958) is a former from . Maurer won one singles title (1985, ) and two doubles titles (1984, outdoor and 1986, ) during his professional career. The right-hander reached his career-high singles -ranking in May 1986, when he became the world No. 24. His best doubles ranking of world No. 53 was achieved in March 1983

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danny%20Richmond

Danny Richmond

Introduction

Daniel "Danny" Richmond (born August 1, 1984) is an American former professional who most recently played for of the (DEL). He is the son of former NHL defenseman, .

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danny%20Richmond

Danny Richmond

Professional career

Daniel "Danny" Richmond (born August 1, 1984) is an American former professional who most recently played for of the (DEL). He is the son of former NHL defenseman, .

Richmond was drafted by the with the first pick in the second round (the 31st overall selection) in the , and signed a three-year contract with Carolina on September 15, 2004. Richmond's first professional season was with the of the (AHL) in 2004–05, where Richmond scored four and had nine in 63 games. In the season, Richmond split time between Lowell and Carolina, appearing in ten games for the Hurricanes and tallying one assist, and was named to the AHL Planet USA All-Star Team. On January 20, 2006, Richmond was traded by the Hurricanes to the for , and was assigned to the of the AHL. On July 17, 2008, Richmond was traded to the in exchange for . In the season, Richmond was assigned to Pittsburgh affiliate, the . Richmond played in 55 games with the Penguins before he was traded to the in exchange for on March 4, 2009. On July 20, 2009, Richmond re-signed to a one-year contract with the Blues. Danny started the season with the Rivermen and played in 54 games before he was traded along with , back to the Blackhawks, for Joe Fallon on March 1, 2010. On June 11, 2010 Richmond was an honorary guest in the Chicago Blackhawks parade through Chicago. On September 30, 2010 Richmond received a Stanley Cup ring along with other Blackhawk players and staff at a private ceremony. On July 3, 2011, Richmond signed a one-year contract with the organization. Assigned to AHL affiliate, the for the season, Richmond played in only 24 games before he was traded by the Capitals to the in exchange for on February 2, 2012. He was immediately assigned to AHL affiliate, the , where Richmond was credited in helping the Monsters in a late season push by scoring 7 points in 23 games. Unable to reach the playoffs with the Monsters, Richmond signed before free agency in North America to a one-year contract with Finnish team of the on May 23, 2012. In the season, Richmond was leading the lowly Pelicans from the Blueline with 18 points in 39 games, before he was released from his contract and signed for the remainder of the season with European club, of the , on January 27, 2013. After helping Salzburg reach the EBEL semi-finals, Richmond left as a free agent and opted to remain in Europe in signing a one-year contract with German club, of the DEL, on June 17, 2013. On June 19, 2014, Richmond transferred from Munich to rivals Adler Mannheim, agreeing to a two-year deal. In his first season with the Adler Mannheim, Richmond won the DEL championship, defeating Ingolstadt in 6 games. Richmond led all defenders in points for the Adler with 8 goals and 32 assists After three seasons with Mannheim, Richmond left as a free agent to sign a two-year deal with Eisbären Berlin on May 31, 2017.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kladno%20%28disambiguation%29

Kladno (disambiguation)

Introduction

is a city in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. Kladno may also refer to the following places: , part of the Central Bohemian Region , a village in Pardubice Region, Czech Republic , Poland

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnston%E2%80%93Felton%E2%80%93Hay%20House

Johnston–Felton–Hay House

The Johnstons

The Johnston–Felton–Hay House, often abbreviated Hay House, is a historic residence at 934 Georgia Avenue in . Built between 1855 and 1859 by William Butler Johnston and his wife Anne Tracy Johnston in the style, the house has been called the "Palace of the South." The mansion sits atop Coleman Hill on Georgia Avenue in downtown Macon, near the School of Law, part of . It was designated a in 1973 for its architectural uniqueness. The , 24-room home was designed by the New York architect . It was built in part by craftsman and artisans brought from Italy who were supervised by local master builder James B. Ayers. It has four levels and is crowned by a three-story cupola. Commissioned by imaginative owners and constructed by the most skillful workers of the time, its technological amenities were unsurpassed in the mid-nineteenth century: hot and cold running water, central heat, a speaker-tube system connecting 15 rooms, a French lift equivalent to today's elevator, in-house kitchen, and an elaborate ventilation system.

William Butler Johnston obtained his substantial wealth through investments in banking, railroads and public utilities rather than from the agrarian cotton economy. In 1851, he married Anne Clark Tracy, 20 years his junior, and the couple embarked on an extended honeymoon in Europe from 1852 to 1855. During their trip, the Johnstons visited hundreds of museums, historic sites and art studios. They collected fine porcelains, sculptures and paintings as mementos during their grand tour. Inspired by the Italian architecture they observed, the Johnstons constructed the monumental Revival mansion in Macon upon their return to America. Only two of the Johnstons' six children survived to adulthood. Caroline and Mary Ellen Johnston were born in 1862 and 1864, respectively, and grew up in the house on Georgia Avenue.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnston%E2%80%93Felton%E2%80%93Hay%20House

Johnston–Felton–Hay House

Present day

The Johnston–Felton–Hay House, often abbreviated Hay House, is a historic residence at 934 Georgia Avenue in . Built between 1855 and 1859 by William Butler Johnston and his wife Anne Tracy Johnston in the style, the house has been called the "Palace of the South." The mansion sits atop Coleman Hill on Georgia Avenue in downtown Macon, near the School of Law, part of . It was designated a in 1973 for its architectural uniqueness. The , 24-room home was designed by the New York architect . It was built in part by craftsman and artisans brought from Italy who were supervised by local master builder James B. Ayers. It has four levels and is crowned by a three-story cupola. Commissioned by imaginative owners and constructed by the most skillful workers of the time, its technological amenities were unsurpassed in the mid-nineteenth century: hot and cold running water, central heat, a speaker-tube system connecting 15 rooms, a French lift equivalent to today's elevator, in-house kitchen, and an elaborate ventilation system.

Following Mrs. Hay's death, her heirs established the P.L. Hay Foundation and operated the house as a private house museum. By virtue of its national architectural significance, Hay House was declared a in 1974. In 1977, the ownership and operation of the house was formally transferred to to ensure its long-term preservation. In 2000, the White House Millennium Council designated Hay House an Official Project of in 2000. Today, Hay House is one of Macon's most popular tourist attractions with 20,000 visitors each year. The house is also a prominent rental venue for special events.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnston%E2%80%93Felton%E2%80%93Hay%20House

Johnston–Felton–Hay House

Restoration

The Johnston–Felton–Hay House, often abbreviated Hay House, is a historic residence at 934 Georgia Avenue in . Built between 1855 and 1859 by William Butler Johnston and his wife Anne Tracy Johnston in the style, the house has been called the "Palace of the South." The mansion sits atop Coleman Hill on Georgia Avenue in downtown Macon, near the School of Law, part of . It was designated a in 1973 for its architectural uniqueness. The , 24-room home was designed by the New York architect . It was built in part by craftsman and artisans brought from Italy who were supervised by local master builder James B. Ayers. It has four levels and is crowned by a three-story cupola. Commissioned by imaginative owners and constructed by the most skillful workers of the time, its technological amenities were unsurpassed in the mid-nineteenth century: hot and cold running water, central heat, a speaker-tube system connecting 15 rooms, a French lift equivalent to today's elevator, in-house kitchen, and an elaborate ventilation system.

Today, Hay House is open to visitors. Tours are held daily. Some of the plants in the landscaping of the home date back to the 19th century. Renovations continue to occur to keep Hay House up to date. Upcoming projects include a redesign of the gift shop, including new insulation, and writing specifications for mortar repairs outside of the building. Half of the money raised in the capital campaign was allocated for restoration of the exterior, cupola, and most public rooms of the house. Other restoration efforts include repairing the porch and stairs, masonry, and window and door shutter; conserving the stained glass; installing UV protection on windows; restoring the ground floor, attic, and cupola; lighting the 8,000-gallon water tank interior to illustrate the technological innovations of the house; conserving the collections of paintings and porcelain; and repairing the exterior grounds. Original furnishings and decorations in the downstairs rooms are also being researched in order to accurately restore the wall coverings, paint finishes, and furniture upholstery to their appearance during the Hay family's residency in the house.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th%20Infantry%20Regiment%20%28United%20States%29

14th Infantry Regiment (United States)

Introduction

The 14th Infantry Regiment ("Golden Dragons" ) is a regiment. It has served in the , , , , , , , , , , , , , and . The 14th Infantry Regiment did not take part in combat during . It has also conducted peacekeeping and humanitarian missions in the Sinai Peninsula, Guantánamo Bay in Cuba, , and . Only the 2nd Battalion of the 14th Infantry Regiment is currently active, assigned to 2nd Brigade, at .

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th%20Infantry%20Regiment%20%28United%20States%29

14th Infantry Regiment (United States)

China Relief Expedition, 1900

The 14th Infantry Regiment ("Golden Dragons" ) is a regiment. It has served in the , , , , , , , , , , , , , and . The 14th Infantry Regiment did not take part in combat during . It has also conducted peacekeeping and humanitarian missions in the Sinai Peninsula, Guantánamo Bay in Cuba, , and . Only the 2nd Battalion of the 14th Infantry Regiment is currently active, assigned to 2nd Brigade, at .

During the early years of the 20th century, the 14th Infantry Regiment was deployed to China to help put down the . The 14th was the spearhead in winning a victory over the Chinese army at the . At the in , the regiment was taking heavy fire and was unable to effectively engage the enemy. To counteract, volunteers were called for to scale the wall and lay down suppressive fire from the better vantage point while the rest of the regiment followed. Corporal , a band member and chaplains assistant from E Company, volunteered, and with rope slung over his shoulder scaled the wall and laid down the suppressive fire that allowed more and more soldiers behind him to follow. For his actions, he was awarded the as well as receiving an appointment to . For their conduct of the operation, the 14th Infantry Regiment was rewarded by the Chinese government a large amount of silver bullion which was later fashioned into an ornamented punchbowl with matching cups and other dinnerware that is still kept in 2nd Battalion, 14th Infantry Regiment headquarters.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th%20Infantry%20Regiment%20%28United%20States%29

14th Infantry Regiment (United States)

Korean War, 1950–53

The 14th Infantry Regiment ("Golden Dragons" ) is a regiment. It has served in the , , , , , , , , , , , , , and . The 14th Infantry Regiment did not take part in combat during . It has also conducted peacekeeping and humanitarian missions in the Sinai Peninsula, Guantánamo Bay in Cuba, , and . Only the 2nd Battalion of the 14th Infantry Regiment is currently active, assigned to 2nd Brigade, at .

In responding to the North Korean invasion of South Korea in June 1950 the U.S. Army found itself desperately short of units to halt the Communist advance. Continental U.S. (CONUS) units were stripped of personnel and equipment and sent to Korea on a priority basis. On 21 July 1950 the 3rd Battalion, 14th Infantry was reassigned to the Far East Command and then to the 1st Cavalry Division where it was redesignated as the 3rd Battalion, 5th Cavalry Regiment. Unlike other units that had been cobbled together at the last minute, the 3rd Battalion, 14th Infantry was at full strength and due to its rigorous training in was in excellent shape to fight in the Korean mountains. On 23 July 1951, the 1st Battalion, 14th Infantry was transferred to where it was assigned to and redesignated as a battalion in one of the 3rd Infantry Division's regiments. The 3rd Division was initially sent to Japan then to Korea. The remaining personnel and equipment of the 14th Infantry at were reassigned to other CONUS units. On 1 August 1951 the 14th Infantry less personnel and equipment was assigned to the 25th Infantry Division then fighting in Korea. To man and equip the 14th Infantry the assets of the 34th Infantry Regiment of the 24th Division, then conducting infantry training in Japan, were used. The 14th Infantry moved to Korea where it replaced the 24th Infantry Regiment, which was being inactivated due to the 24th's division commander, Gen. William B. Kean, request that it be disbanded because it was "untrustworthy and incapable of carrying out missions expected of an infantry regiment." The next two years found the regiment in almost constant combat along the defending places like "" and "". The 25th Infantry Division assumed the responsibility of guarding the approaches to on 5 May 1953. 23 days later, when ceasefire negotiations at stalled, a heavy PVA assault , the Division held its ground; the brunt of the attack was absorbed by the attached and the 14th Infantry. The 14th Infantry's service in Korea earned the regiment five campaign streamers and a Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation for gallantry at Munsan-Ni. Three soldiers were awarded the for their actions in Korea; Sergeant , Private First Class , and Private First Class .

wit-train-topic-000359797

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th%20Infantry%20Regiment%20%28United%20States%29

14th Infantry Regiment (United States)

Vietnam, 1965–72

The 14th Infantry Regiment ("Golden Dragons" ) is a regiment. It has served in the , , , , , , , , , , , , , and . The 14th Infantry Regiment did not take part in combat during . It has also conducted peacekeeping and humanitarian missions in the Sinai Peninsula, Guantánamo Bay in Cuba, , and . Only the 2nd Battalion of the 14th Infantry Regiment is currently active, assigned to 2nd Brigade, at .

1st Battalion, 14th Infantry: In late 1965 the 25th Division was ordered to . The initial brigade to go was the 3rd Brigade composed of the 1st Battalion, 14th Infantry, the 1st Battalion, 35th Infantry, the 2nd Battalion, 35th Infantry and the 2nd Battalion, 9th Artillery. The urgency of getting the 3rd Brigade to the of South Vietnam led to the Army and Air Force undertaking Operation Blue Light, a massive airlift of the entire 3rd Brigade from Hawaii to Pleiku. The airlift began on 28 December 1965 and was successfully concluded on 17 January 1966. Commanded by LTC Gilbert Procter Jr., the 1/14th spent most of 1966 operating along the Cambodian border as part of the 3rd Brigade's mission of preventing the (PAVN) from cutting South Vietnam in half. In November 1966, elements of the 1st Battalion engaged two PAVN battalions inflicting heavy losses on the enemy. Among the numerous Golden Dragons performing heroically during these engagements, two members of the 1st Battalion - 1st Lt. and Sgt. were posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor. The 1st Battalion was reassigned to the 4th Infantry Division on 1 August 1967 as part of the exchange of 3rd Brigades between the 25th and 4th Infantry Divisions. The 1st Battalion participated in a total of 12 Vietnam campaigns, receiving the Navy Presidential Unit Citation for gallantry in action at . Company A received the Valorous Unit Award for action in . In addition the 1st Battalion received four awards of the Vietnamese with Palm and one award of the Vietnam Civil Action Medal, First Class. On 8 December 1970 the 1st Battalion was reduced to zero strength at , Vietnam with the exception of a battalion color guard which returned the battalion colors to Schofield Barracks. On 15 December 1970 the 1st Battalion was reassigned to the 25th Division and the 3rd Battalion, 14th Infantry was inactivated with its personnel and equipment reassigned to the 1st Battalion. 2nd Battalion, 14th Infantry: The 1st Brigade of the 25th Division to which the 2nd Battalion, 14th Infantry was assigned was scheduled to be the last of the three maneuver brigades to deploy to South Vietnam. The brigade was shy two of its three infantry battalions. When the 25th was reorganized from battle groups to battalions in 1963 two of the nine authorized infantry battalions were not activated as a cost-saving measure. Initially the plan was to activate and train two new battalions for the 1st Brigade but the timetable was too short. Adding to the problem was the need to heavily levy the 2nd Battalion for fillers for infantry battalions of the 3rd Brigade, which left in December 1965 and of the 2nd Brigade, which departed Schofield in January 1966. To round out the 1st Brigade two battalions assigned to Alaska—the 4th Battalion, 9th Infantry and the 4th Battalion, 23rd Infantry—were reassigned to the 1st Brigade on 14 January 1966. By February 1966 the 2nd Battalion began receiving large numbers of replacements, most directly out of Advanced Individual Training. This resulted in an accelerated unit training program to ready the battalion for deployment. To enhance developing unit cohesiveness and to create espirit-de-corps the 2nd Battalion took the informal nickname of Battle Dragons. A "Battle Dragon Chant" was also written and used in battalion formations. In early April, the 1st Brigade was alerted for movement to South Vietnam. On 16 April 1966 the sailed from Pearl Harbor with the entire 1st Brigade aboard. The ship arrived at on 28 April. The 2nd Battalion left the ship on 30 April and was moved by truck and aircraft to . In its over four years of combat in Vietnam, the 2nd Battalion received participation credit for 12 of the campaigns of the Vietnam War. The battalion received two awards of the Vietnamese Gallantry Cross with Palm and one award of the Vietnam Civic Action Medal First Class. On 8 December 1970 the 2nd Battalion left South Vietnam and returned to Schofield Barracks. The battalion was inactivated on 5 June 1972. 3rd Battalion, 14th Infantry: To provide for a Pacific area strategic reserve for contingencies other than the ongoing Vietnam War, the Army activated the 4th Brigade, 25th Infantry Division at Schofield Barracks on 6 December 1969. The 3rd Battalion, 14th Infantry was activated as one of the 4th Brigade's three infantry battalions. The 3rd Battalion (descending from Company C) was initially activated under CARS as the 3rd Battle Group, 14th Infantry on 1 June 1959 and assigned to the 102nd Infantry Division, U.S. Army Reserve at Kansas City, Missouri. The 3rd Battle Group was reorganized and redesignated as the 3rd Battalion, 14th Infantry on 1 April 1963. On 31 December 1965 the 3rd Battalion was inactivated. It was allotted back to the Regular Army on 6 December 1969 and activated at Schofield Barracks, Hawaii as a component of the 4th Brigade, 25th Division. As the 25th Division returned to Schofield Barracks from South Vietnam to resume its traditional mission of being the strategic reserve for the Pacific area the 4th Brigade along with the 3rd Battalion 14th Infantry was inactivated on 15 December 1970. The personnel and equipment of the 3rd Battalion was used to re-man and re-equip the 1st Battalion, 14th Infantry. Company E served in South Vietnam from 30 June 1971 to 20 November 1972 as a separate rifle security company assigned to the U.S. Army Support Command with the mission of guarding the support facility. Company E received campaign participation credit for the last four campaigns of the Vietnam War. In 1986 it was assigned to the 25th Division as Headquarters Company, 5th Battalion. (See below.)

wit-train-topic-003299234

projected-04035332-019

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th%20Infantry%20Regiment%20%28United%20States%29

14th Infantry Regiment (United States)

Haiti, 1994

The 14th Infantry Regiment ("Golden Dragons" ) is a regiment. It has served in the , , , , , , , , , , , , , and . The 14th Infantry Regiment did not take part in combat during . It has also conducted peacekeeping and humanitarian missions in the Sinai Peninsula, Guantánamo Bay in Cuba, , and . Only the 2nd Battalion of the 14th Infantry Regiment is currently active, assigned to 2nd Brigade, at .

Operation Uphold Democracy (19 September 1994 – 31 March 1995) was an intervention designed to remove the military regime installed by the 1991 Haitian coup d'état that overthrew the elected President Jean-Bertrand Aristide. The operation was effectively authorized by the 31 July 1994 United Nations Security Council Resolution 940. Teams were deployed throughout the country to establish order and humanitarian services. Regular Army forces consisting of units from the 10th Mountain Division occupied Port-au-Prince (3-14) with 3rd Bn (Airborne) 73rd Armor Regiment (82nd Airborne Division) and elements from the U.S. Army Materiel Command provided logistical support in the form of the Joint Logistics Support Command (JLSC) which provided oversight and direct control over all Multinational Force and U.S. deployed logistics units

wit-train-topic-003409543

projected-04035332-023

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th%20Infantry%20Regiment%20%28United%20States%29

14th Infantry Regiment (United States)

Iraq, 2003-2011

The 14th Infantry Regiment ("Golden Dragons" ) is a regiment. It has served in the , , , , , , , , , , , , , and . The 14th Infantry Regiment did not take part in combat during . It has also conducted peacekeeping and humanitarian missions in the Sinai Peninsula, Guantánamo Bay in Cuba, , and . Only the 2nd Battalion of the 14th Infantry Regiment is currently active, assigned to 2nd Brigade, at .

In March 2003, 2nd Battalion, 14th Infantry Regiment, deployed from in preparation for the invasion of Iraq. As part of , the battalion was attached to in support of . The battalion linked-up with 10th Special Forces in , then deployed to , , and . This task force, fighting with rebels, defeated six Iraqi divisions. The battalion re-deployed to , six months later. In mid-2004, Soldiers of (to include 2nd Battalion, 14th Infantry Regiment) deployed to Iraq for the second time. In Iraq, the brigade executed combat operations in northwest Baghdad attached to the 1st Cavalry Division and detached forces to support other brigades across the city, including a brigade fighting insurgents in Sadr City. In northwest Baghdad, the Commandos secured several key roads and neighborhoods. In addition, the brigade enabled newly established Iraqi Security Forces to secure polling centers during Iraq's elections in January 2005, the first free election held in the country since the 1950s. The (which includes 2nd Battalion, 14th Infantry Regiment) returned to Iraq for a third time in late 2006, this time to the area southwest of Baghdad known as the “.” There the brigade battled insurgents and international terrorists alongside its Iraqi Security Force comrades in the area's canals, along the banks of the Euphrates River, and through the cities of Mahmudiyah, Yusafiyah, and Lutafiyah. It was during this deployment that earned the after engaging a terrorist in hand-to-hand combat. After engaging the enemy combatant in hand-to-hand combat, Staff Sergeant Atkins realized that the terrorist was attempting to detonate an explosive vest. Staff Sergeant Atkins then selflessly slammed the insurgent to the ground and covered the insurgent with his own body to shield the men under him from the impending blast.

wit-train-topic-004532446

projected-04035351-007

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham%20campaign

Birmingham campaign

Project C

The Birmingham campaign, also known as the Birmingham movement or Birmingham confrontation, was an American movement organized in early 1963 by the (SCLC) to bring attention to the integration efforts of African Americans in . Led by , , and others, the campaign of culminated in widely publicized confrontations between young black students and white civic authorities, and eventually led the municipal government to change the city's discrimination laws. In the early 1960s, Birmingham was one of the most racially divided cities in the United States, enforced both legally and culturally. Black citizens faced legal and economic disparities, and violent retribution when they attempted to draw attention to their problems. Martin Luther King Jr. called it the most city in the country. Protests in Birmingham began with a led by Shuttlesworth meant to pressure business leaders to open employment to people of all races, and end segregation in public facilities, restaurants, schools, and stores. When local business and governmental leaders resisted the boycott, the SCLC agreed to assist. Organizer joined Birmingham activist Shuttlesworth and began what they called Project C, a series of s and marches intended to provoke mass arrests. When the campaign ran low on adult volunteers, James Bevel thought of the idea of having students become the main demonstrators in the Birmingham campaign. He then trained and directed high school, college, and elementary school students in nonviolence, and asked them to participate in the demonstrations by taking a peaceful walk 50 at a time from the to City Hall in order to talk to the mayor about segregation. This resulted in over a thousand arrests, and, as the jails and holding areas filled with arrested students, the Birmingham Police Department, at the direction of the city Commissioner of Public Safety, , used high-pressure water hoses and police s on the children and adult bystanders. Not all of the bystanders were peaceful, despite the avowed intentions of SCLC to hold a completely walk, but the students held to the nonviolent premise. Martin Luther King Jr. and the SCLC drew both criticism and praise for allowing children to participate and put themselves in harm's way. The Birmingham campaign was a model of nonviolent direct action protest and, through the media, drew the world's attention to in the South. It burnished King's reputation, ousted Connor from his job, forced desegregation in Birmingham, and directly paved the way for the which prohibited racial discrimination in hiring practices and public services throughout the United States.

Martin Luther King Jr.'s presence in Birmingham was not welcomed by all in the black community. A local black attorney complained in Time that the new city administration did not have enough time to confer with the various groups invested in changing the city's segregation policies. Black hotel owner agreed. A white Jesuit priest assisting in desegregation negotiations attested the "demonstrations [were] poorly timed and misdirected". Protest organizers knew they would meet with violence from the Birmingham Police Department and chose a confrontational approach to get the attention of the federal government. , one of the SCLC founders and the executive director from 1960 to 1964, planned the tactics of the direct action protests, specifically targeting Bull Connor's tendency to react to demonstrations with violence: "My theory was that if we mounted a strong nonviolent movement, the opposition would surely do something to attract the media, and in turn induce national sympathy and attention to the everyday segregated circumstance of a person living in the Deep South." He headed the planning of what he called Project C, which stood for "confrontation". Organizers believed their , so to prevent their plans from being leaked and perhaps influencing the mayoral election, they used code words for demonstrations. The plan called for direct nonviolent action to attract media attention to "the biggest and baddest city of the South". In preparation for the protests, Walker timed the walking distance from the 16th Street Baptist Church, headquarters for the campaign, to the downtown area. He surveyed the segregated lunch counters of department stores, and listed federal buildings as secondary targets should police block the protesters' entrance into primary targets such as stores, libraries, and all-white churches.

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projected-04035351-010

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham%20campaign

Birmingham campaign

Martin Luther King Jr. jailed

The Birmingham campaign, also known as the Birmingham movement or Birmingham confrontation, was an American movement organized in early 1963 by the (SCLC) to bring attention to the integration efforts of African Americans in . Led by , , and others, the campaign of culminated in widely publicized confrontations between young black students and white civic authorities, and eventually led the municipal government to change the city's discrimination laws. In the early 1960s, Birmingham was one of the most racially divided cities in the United States, enforced both legally and culturally. Black citizens faced legal and economic disparities, and violent retribution when they attempted to draw attention to their problems. Martin Luther King Jr. called it the most city in the country. Protests in Birmingham began with a led by Shuttlesworth meant to pressure business leaders to open employment to people of all races, and end segregation in public facilities, restaurants, schools, and stores. When local business and governmental leaders resisted the boycott, the SCLC agreed to assist. Organizer joined Birmingham activist Shuttlesworth and began what they called Project C, a series of s and marches intended to provoke mass arrests. When the campaign ran low on adult volunteers, James Bevel thought of the idea of having students become the main demonstrators in the Birmingham campaign. He then trained and directed high school, college, and elementary school students in nonviolence, and asked them to participate in the demonstrations by taking a peaceful walk 50 at a time from the to City Hall in order to talk to the mayor about segregation. This resulted in over a thousand arrests, and, as the jails and holding areas filled with arrested students, the Birmingham Police Department, at the direction of the city Commissioner of Public Safety, , used high-pressure water hoses and police s on the children and adult bystanders. Not all of the bystanders were peaceful, despite the avowed intentions of SCLC to hold a completely walk, but the students held to the nonviolent premise. Martin Luther King Jr. and the SCLC drew both criticism and praise for allowing children to participate and put themselves in harm's way. The Birmingham campaign was a model of nonviolent direct action protest and, through the media, drew the world's attention to in the South. It burnished King's reputation, ousted Connor from his job, forced desegregation in Birmingham, and directly paved the way for the which prohibited racial discrimination in hiring practices and public services throughout the United States.

Martin Luther King Jr. was held in the Birmingham jail and was denied a consultation with an attorney from the NAACP without guards present. When historian Jonathan Bass wrote of the incident in 2001, he noted that news of King's incarceration was spread quickly by Wyatt Tee Walker, as planned. King's supporters sent telegrams about his arrest to the . He could have been released on bail at any time, and jail administrators wished him to be released as soon as possible to avoid the media attention while King was in custody. However, campaign organizers offered no bail in order "to focus the attention of the media and national public opinion on the Birmingham situation". Twenty-four hours after his arrest, King was allowed to see local attorneys from the SCLC. When did not hear from her husband, she called Walker and he suggested that she call President Kennedy directly. Mrs. King was recuperating at home after the birth of their fourth child when she received a call from President Kennedy the Monday after the arrest. The president told her she could expect a call from her husband soon. When Martin Luther King Jr. called his wife, their conversation was brief and guarded; he correctly assumed that his phones were tapped. Several days later, called Coretta Scott King to express her concern for King while he was incarcerated. Using scraps of paper given to him by a janitor, notes written on the margins of a newspaper, and later a legal pad given to him by SCLC attorneys, King wrote his essay "". It responded to eight politically moderate white clergymen who accused King of agitating local residents and not giving the incoming mayor a chance to make any changes. Bass suggested that "Letter from Birmingham Jail" was pre-planned, as was every move King and his associates made in Birmingham. The essay was a culmination of many of King's ideas, which he had touched on in earlier writings. King's arrest attracted national attention, including that of corporate officers of retail chains with stores in downtown Birmingham. After King's arrest, the chains' profits began to erode. National business owners pressed the Kennedy administration to intervene. King was released on April 20, 1963.

wit-train-topic-004412220

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham%20campaign

Birmingham campaign

Resolution

The Birmingham campaign, also known as the Birmingham movement or Birmingham confrontation, was an American movement organized in early 1963 by the (SCLC) to bring attention to the integration efforts of African Americans in . Led by , , and others, the campaign of culminated in widely publicized confrontations between young black students and white civic authorities, and eventually led the municipal government to change the city's discrimination laws. In the early 1960s, Birmingham was one of the most racially divided cities in the United States, enforced both legally and culturally. Black citizens faced legal and economic disparities, and violent retribution when they attempted to draw attention to their problems. Martin Luther King Jr. called it the most city in the country. Protests in Birmingham began with a led by Shuttlesworth meant to pressure business leaders to open employment to people of all races, and end segregation in public facilities, restaurants, schools, and stores. When local business and governmental leaders resisted the boycott, the SCLC agreed to assist. Organizer joined Birmingham activist Shuttlesworth and began what they called Project C, a series of s and marches intended to provoke mass arrests. When the campaign ran low on adult volunteers, James Bevel thought of the idea of having students become the main demonstrators in the Birmingham campaign. He then trained and directed high school, college, and elementary school students in nonviolence, and asked them to participate in the demonstrations by taking a peaceful walk 50 at a time from the to City Hall in order to talk to the mayor about segregation. This resulted in over a thousand arrests, and, as the jails and holding areas filled with arrested students, the Birmingham Police Department, at the direction of the city Commissioner of Public Safety, , used high-pressure water hoses and police s on the children and adult bystanders. Not all of the bystanders were peaceful, despite the avowed intentions of SCLC to hold a completely walk, but the students held to the nonviolent premise. Martin Luther King Jr. and the SCLC drew both criticism and praise for allowing children to participate and put themselves in harm's way. The Birmingham campaign was a model of nonviolent direct action protest and, through the media, drew the world's attention to in the South. It burnished King's reputation, ousted Connor from his job, forced desegregation in Birmingham, and directly paved the way for the which prohibited racial discrimination in hiring practices and public services throughout the United States.

On May 8 at 4 am, white business leaders agreed to most of the protesters' demands. Political leaders held fast, however. The rift between the businessmen and the politicians became clear when business leaders admitted they could not guarantee the protesters' release from jail. On May 10, Fred Shuttlesworth and Martin Luther King Jr. told reporters that they had an agreement from the City of Birmingham to desegregate lunch counters, restrooms, drinking fountains and fitting rooms within 90 days, and to hire black people in stores as salesmen and clerks. Those in jail would be released on bond or their own recognizance. Urged by Kennedy, the , , United Steelworkers Union, and the (AFL-CIO) raised $237,000 in bail money ($ in ) to free the demonstrators. Commissioner Connor and the outgoing mayor condemned the resolution. On the night of May 11, a bomb heavily damaged the Gaston Motel where King had been staying—and had left only hours before—and another damaged the house of , Martin Luther King Jr.'s brother. When police went to inspect the motel, they were met with rocks and bottles from neighborhood black citizens. The arrival of state troopers only further angered the crowd; in the early hours of the morning, thousands of black people rioted, numerous buildings and vehicles were burned, and several people, including a police officer, were stabbed. By May 13, three thousand federal troops were deployed to Birmingham to restore order, even though Alabama Governor George Wallace told President Kennedy that state and local forces were sufficient. Martin Luther King Jr. returned to Birmingham to stress nonviolence. Outgoing mayor Art Hanes left office after the Alabama State Supreme Court ruled that Albert Boutwell could take office on May 21, 1963. Upon picking up his last paycheck, Bull Connor remarked tearfully, "This is the worst day of my life." In June 1963, the signs regulating segregated public places in Birmingham were taken down.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham%20campaign

Birmingham campaign

After the campaign

The Birmingham campaign, also known as the Birmingham movement or Birmingham confrontation, was an American movement organized in early 1963 by the (SCLC) to bring attention to the integration efforts of African Americans in . Led by , , and others, the campaign of culminated in widely publicized confrontations between young black students and white civic authorities, and eventually led the municipal government to change the city's discrimination laws. In the early 1960s, Birmingham was one of the most racially divided cities in the United States, enforced both legally and culturally. Black citizens faced legal and economic disparities, and violent retribution when they attempted to draw attention to their problems. Martin Luther King Jr. called it the most city in the country. Protests in Birmingham began with a led by Shuttlesworth meant to pressure business leaders to open employment to people of all races, and end segregation in public facilities, restaurants, schools, and stores. When local business and governmental leaders resisted the boycott, the SCLC agreed to assist. Organizer joined Birmingham activist Shuttlesworth and began what they called Project C, a series of s and marches intended to provoke mass arrests. When the campaign ran low on adult volunteers, James Bevel thought of the idea of having students become the main demonstrators in the Birmingham campaign. He then trained and directed high school, college, and elementary school students in nonviolence, and asked them to participate in the demonstrations by taking a peaceful walk 50 at a time from the to City Hall in order to talk to the mayor about segregation. This resulted in over a thousand arrests, and, as the jails and holding areas filled with arrested students, the Birmingham Police Department, at the direction of the city Commissioner of Public Safety, , used high-pressure water hoses and police s on the children and adult bystanders. Not all of the bystanders were peaceful, despite the avowed intentions of SCLC to hold a completely walk, but the students held to the nonviolent premise. Martin Luther King Jr. and the SCLC drew both criticism and praise for allowing children to participate and put themselves in harm's way. The Birmingham campaign was a model of nonviolent direct action protest and, through the media, drew the world's attention to in the South. It burnished King's reputation, ousted Connor from his job, forced desegregation in Birmingham, and directly paved the way for the which prohibited racial discrimination in hiring practices and public services throughout the United States.

Desegregation in Birmingham took place slowly after the demonstrations. King and the SCLC were criticized by some for ending the campaign with promises that were too vague and "settling for a lot less than even moderate demands". In fact, Sydney Smyer, president of the Birmingham Chamber of Commerce, re-interpreted the terms of the agreement. Shuttlesworth and King had announced that desegregation would take place 90 days from May 15. Smyer then said that a single black clerk hired 90 days from when the new city government took office would be sufficient. By July, most of the city's segregation ordinances had been overturned. Some of the lunch counters in department stores complied with the new rules. City parks and golf courses were opened again to black and white citizens. Mayor Boutwell appointed a biracial committee to discuss further changes. However, no hiring of black clerks, police officers, and firefighters had yet been completed and the Birmingham Bar Association rejected membership by black attorneys. The reputation of Martin Luther King Jr. soared after the protests in Birmingham, and he was lauded by many as a hero. The SCLC was much in demand to effect change in many Southern cities. In the summer of 1963, King led the where he delivered his most famous speech, "". King became Time'''s for 1963 and won the in 1964. The Birmingham campaign, as well as George Wallace's refusal to admit black students to the , convinced President Kennedy to address the severe inequalities between black and white citizens in the South: "The events in Birmingham and elsewhere have so increased cries for equality that no city or state or legislative body can prudently choose to ignore them." Despite the apparent lack of immediate local success after the Birmingham campaign, Fred Shuttlesworth and Wyatt Tee Walker pointed to its influence on national affairs as its true impact. President Kennedy's administration drew up the bill. After being ed for 75 days by "diehard southerners" in Congress, it was passed into law in 1964 and signed by President . The Civil Rights Act applied to the entire nation, prohibiting racial discrimination in employment and in access to public places. of the NAACP, however, disagreed that the Birmingham campaign was the primary force behind the Civil Rights Act. Wilkins gave credit to other movements, such as the , the integration of the , and campaigns to end public school segregation. Birmingham's public schools were integrated in September 1963. Governor Wallace sent National Guard troops to keep black students out but President Kennedy reversed Wallace by ordering the troops to stand down. Violence continued to plague the city, however. Someone threw a canister into Loveman's department store when it complied with the desegregation agreement; twenty people in the store required hospital treatment. Four months after the Birmingham campaign settlement, someone bombed the house of NAACP attorney , injuring his wife in the attack. On September 15, 1963, Birmingham again earned international attention when members on a Sunday morning and killed four young girls. FBI informant was hired to infiltrate the KKK and monitor their activities and plans. Rowe was involved, along with the Birmingham Police, with the KKK attacks on the Freedom Riders, led by Fred Shuttlesworth, in on May 14, 1961. In addition, Rowe and several other Klansmen also partook in the killing of Civil Rights activist on March 25, 1965, in after the . The Birmingham campaign inspired the Civil Rights Movement in other parts of the South. Two days after King and Shuttlesworth announced the settlement in Birmingham, of the NAACP in demanded a biracial committee to address concerns there. On June 12, 1963, Evers was murdered by a KKK member outside his home. He had been organizing demonstrations similar to those in Birmingham to pressure Jackson's city government. In 1965 Shuttlesworth assisted Bevel, King, and the SCLC to lead the , intended to increase voter registration among black citizens. Campaign impact Historian Glenn Eskew wrote that the campaign "led to an awakening to the evils of segregation and a need for reforms in the region." According to Eskew, the riots that occurred after the bombing of the Gaston Motel foreshadowed rioting in larger cities later in the 1960s. ACMHR vice president Abraham Woods claimed that the rioting in Birmingham set a precedent for the "Burn, baby, burn" mindset, a cry used in later civic unrest in the , the s in Detroit, and other American cities in the 1960s. A study of the Watts riots concluded, "The 'rules of the game' in race relations were permanently changed in Birmingham." Wyatt Tee Walker wrote that the Birmingham campaign was "legend" and had become the Civil Rights Movement's most important chapter. It was "the chief watershed of the nonviolent movement in the United States. It marked the maturation of the SCLC as a national force in the civil rights arena of the land that had been dominated by the older and stodgier NAACP." Walker called the Birmingham campaign and the Selma marches "Siamese twins" joining to "kill segregation ... and bury the body". Jonathan Bass declared that "King had won a tremendous public relations victory in Birmingham" but also stated pointedly that "it was the citizens of the Magic City, both black and white, and not Martin Luther King Jr. and the SCLC, that brought about the real transformation of the city." See also Notes References Bibliography Bass, S. Jonathan (2001). Blessed Are the Peacemakers: Martin Luther King, Jr., Eight White Religious Leaders, and the 'Letter from Birmingham Jail'. . (1988). Parting The Waters; America in the King Years 1954–63. . Cotman, John (1989). Birmingham, JFK, and the Civil Rights Act of 1963: Implications For Elite Theory. . Davis, Jack. (2001). The Civil Rights Movement, Oxford. Eskew, Glenn (1997). But for Birmingham: The Local and National Movements in the Civil Rights Struggle. . (1987). To Redeem the Soul of America: the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and Martin Luther King, Jr. . Franklin, Jimmie (1989). Back to Birmingham: Richard Arrington, Jr. and His Times. . (1986). Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. . Garrow, David, ed. (1989). Birmingham, Alabama, 1956–1963: The Black Struggle for Civil Rights. Carlson Publishing. Hampton, Henry, Fayer, S. (1990). Voices of Freedom: An Oral History of the Civil Rights Movement from the 1950s Through the 1980s. . Isserman, Maurice, Kazin, Michael. (2008). America Divided: The Civil War of the 1960s, Oxford. Manis, Andrew (1999). A Fire You Can't Put Out: The Civil Rights Life of Birmingham's Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth. University of Alabama Press. (2001). . Simon & Schuster. Nunnelley, William (1991). Bull Connor. University of Alabama Press. White, Marjorie, Manis, Andrew, eds. (2000) Birmingham Revolutionaries: The Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth and the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights. . Wilson, Bobby (2000). Race and Place in Birmingham: The Civil Rights and Neighborhood Movements. Rowman & Littlefield. Further reading External links The Birmingham Campaign Civil Rights Movement Archive A Film on the Letter from Birmingham Jail Birmingham Campaign M. L. King Research Institute at Stanford University Birmingham Civil Rights Movement Birmingham march / riots of the 60s. – Moore's Birmingham'' photographs

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projected-04035352-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinz%20G%C3%BCnthardt

Heinz Günthardt

Introduction

Heinz Peter Günthardt (born 8 February 1959) is a retired player from Switzerland.

wit-train-topic-000572470

projected-04035389-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kle%C5%A1ice

Klešice

Administrative parts

Klešice is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 400 inhabitants.

The village of Nákle is an administrative part of Klešice.

wit-train-topic-002691165

projected-04035426-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kn%C4%9B%C5%BEice

Kněžice

Introduction

Kněžice may refer to places in the Czech Republic: , a municipality and village in the Pardubice Region] , a municipality and village in the Vysočina Region , a municipality and village in the Central Bohemian Region Kněžice, a village and part of in the Liberec Region Kněžice, a village and part of in the Ústí nad Labem Region Kněžice, a village and part of in the Plzeň Region

wit-train-topic-001698317

projected-04035451-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Sadri

John Sadri

Introduction

John Sadri (born September 19, 1956) is a former from the United States. He reached the final of the , won two singles titles and achieved a career-high singles ranking of World No. 13 in September 1980. Sadri formerly ran a junior tennis academy at Russell Tennis Center in Charlotte, North Carolina.

wit-train-topic-001454574

projected-04035505-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry%20Moor

Terry Moor

Introduction

Terry Moor (born April 23, 1952) is a former from the , who won two singles and three doubles titles during his professional career. The left-hander reached his highest singles -ranking on October 29, 1984, when he became world No. 32. He is currently a database programmer in Memphis, TN.

wit-train-topic-001934362

projected-04035529-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode%20logic

Diode logic

Introduction

Diode logic (DL), or diode-resistor logic (DRL), is the construction of s from s. Diode logic was used extensively in the construction of early computers, where diodes could replace bulky and costly active elements. The most common use for diode logic is in (DTL) s that, in addition to diodes, include to provide a and signal restoration. While diode logic has the advantage of simplicity, the lack of an amplifying stage in each gate limits its application. Not all logical functions can be implemented in diode logic alone; only the non-inverting logical and logical functions can be realized by diode gates. If several diode logic gates are cascaded, the voltage levels at each stage are significantly changed, so diode logic is normally limited to a single stage, though, in special designs, two-stage systems are sometimes achieved.

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projected-04035529-003

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode%20logic

Diode logic

OR logic gate

Diode logic (DL), or diode-resistor logic (DRL), is the construction of s from s. Diode logic was used extensively in the construction of early computers, where diodes could replace bulky and costly active elements. The most common use for diode logic is in (DTL) s that, in addition to diodes, include to provide a and signal restoration. While diode logic has the advantage of simplicity, the lack of an amplifying stage in each gate limits its application. Not all logical functions can be implemented in diode logic alone; only the non-inverting logical and logical functions can be realized by diode gates. If several diode logic gates are cascaded, the voltage levels at each stage are significantly changed, so diode logic is normally limited to a single stage, though, in special designs, two-stage systems are sometimes achieved.

The image to the right shows a diode OR circuit. The diode symbol is an arrow showing the forward low impedance direction of current flow. All diodes have inputs on their s and their s are connected together to drive the output. R is connected from the output to some negative voltage (-6 volts) to provide bias current for the diodes. If all inputs A and B and C are at 0 volts (logic level 0), current flowing through R will pull the output voltage down until the diodes clamp the output. Since these diodes are treated as ideal, the output is clamped to 0 volts, which is logic level 0. If any input switches to a positive voltage (logic 1), current flowing through the now forward-biased diode will pull the output voltage up, providing a positive voltage at the output, a logic 1. Any positive voltage will represent a logic 1 state; the summing of currents through multiple diodes does not change the logic level. The other diodes are reverse biased and conduct no current. If any input A OR B OR C is 1, the output will be 1. Only if all inputs, A and B and C are 0 will the output be 0. This is the definition of a logic OR. The truth table on the right of the image shows the output for all combinations of inputs. This can be written as: A OR B OR C = OUTPUT or A+B+C=OUTPUT In the plus sign (+) is used to denote OR. R can return to any negative voltage. If R is connected to 0 volts it will have no drive current available to drive the next circuit; practical diodes need a bias current. In a practical circuit, all signal levels, the value of R and its return voltage are chosen by the circuit designer to meet the design requirements.

wit-train-topic-000727044

projected-04035529-004

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode%20logic

Diode logic

AND logic gate

Diode logic (DL), or diode-resistor logic (DRL), is the construction of s from s. Diode logic was used extensively in the construction of early computers, where diodes could replace bulky and costly active elements. The most common use for diode logic is in (DTL) s that, in addition to diodes, include to provide a and signal restoration. While diode logic has the advantage of simplicity, the lack of an amplifying stage in each gate limits its application. Not all logical functions can be implemented in diode logic alone; only the non-inverting logical and logical functions can be realized by diode gates. If several diode logic gates are cascaded, the voltage levels at each stage are significantly changed, so diode logic is normally limited to a single stage, though, in special designs, two-stage systems are sometimes achieved.

The diode AND is basically the same as the OR except it is turned upside down. The diodes are reversed so that the cathodes are connected to the inputs and the anodes are connected together to provide the output. R is connected to +12 volts to provide the forward bias current for the diodes and current for output drive. If all inputs A AND B AND C are a positive voltage (+6 volts here), current flowing through R will pull the output positive till the diodes clamp the output to +6 volts, the logical 1 output level. If any input switches to 0 volts (logical 0 level), current flowing through the diode will pull the output voltage down to 0 volts. The other diodes would be reverse biased and conduct no current. If input A or B or C is 0, the output will be 0. Only if all inputs, A AND B AND C are 1 will the output be 1. This is the definition of a logic AND. The truth table on the right of the image shows the output for all combinations of inputs. This can be written as: A AND B AND C = OUTPUT or A×B×C=OUTPUT (In Boolean algebra the multiplication symbol denotes AND.) Similar to the diode OR, R can return to any voltage that is more positive than the logic level 1. If R is connected to a voltage equal to the 1 level it will have no drive current available to drive the next circuit. All signal levels, the value of R and its return voltage are options chosen by the circuit designer to meet the design requirements.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode%20logic

Diode logic

Diode logic with real diodes

Diode logic (DL), or diode-resistor logic (DRL), is the construction of s from s. Diode logic was used extensively in the construction of early computers, where diodes could replace bulky and costly active elements. The most common use for diode logic is in (DTL) s that, in addition to diodes, include to provide a and signal restoration. While diode logic has the advantage of simplicity, the lack of an amplifying stage in each gate limits its application. Not all logical functions can be implemented in diode logic alone; only the non-inverting logical and logical functions can be realized by diode gates. If several diode logic gates are cascaded, the voltage levels at each stage are significantly changed, so diode logic is normally limited to a single stage, though, in special designs, two-stage systems are sometimes achieved.

The above descriptions assumed an ideal diode with zero resistance in the forward direction and infinite resistance in the reverse direction. Circuit designers must concern themselves with real diodes. The articles and a less detailed article describe the physics of the PN diode. After all the discussion of electrons, holes, majority and minority carriers etc. each come down to an equation that most directly relates to the circuit designer. The real actually has a voltage current characteristic similar to the curve on the right. A more specific definition can be found in the . The designer of a reliable diode logic circuit is usually limited to what the diode specification provides which is often less than the equation suggests. Typically the specification will primarily provide a maximum forward voltage drop at one or more forward currents and a reverse leakage current. It will also provide a maximum reverse voltage limited by zener or avalanche breakdown. Typical worst case specifications are shown below for both germanium and silicon PN diodes. Germanium diode: Max forward voltage at 10 mA = 1 volt @ 0 to 85 °C Max reverse leakage current at 15 volts = 100 microamps @ 85 °C Silicon diode: Max forward voltage at 10 mA = 1 volt @ 0 to 125 °C Max reverse leakage current at 15 volts = 1 microamps @ 85 °C Effects of component manufacturing variations and temperature are usually included in these specifications. More realistically the germanium forward voltage might be 0.25 to 0.4 volts but this is often not specified. The silicon leakage current might be much lower, possibly 1 to 100 nanoamps. PN diodes also have transient behaviors that might be of concern with the design. The capacitance of a PN diode between anode and cathode is inversely proportional to the reverse voltage, growing as it approaches zero volts and into forward bias. There is also a recovery concern where the current will not decrease immediately when it is switched from forward bias to reverse bias. In the case of the diode OR if two or more of the inputs are at the 1 level and one switches to 0 it will cause a glitch or increase in current in the diodes that remain at 1. This can cause a short term dip in the output voltage. In practice if the diode logic gate drives a transistor inverter, as it usually does, and the diode and transistor are of similar construction the transistor will have a similar base collector capacitance that is amplified by the transistor gain so that it will be too slow to pass the glitch. Only when the diode is of a much slower construction will it become any concern at all. In one unusual design small selenium diode discs were used with germanium transistors. The recovery time of the very slow selenium diodes caused a glitch on the inverter output. It was fixed by placing a selenium diode across the base emitter junction of the transistor making it “think” it was a selenium transistor (if there could ever be one).

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projected-04035529-007

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode%20logic

Diode logic

Early diode logic with transistor inverter

Diode logic (DL), or diode-resistor logic (DRL), is the construction of s from s. Diode logic was used extensively in the construction of early computers, where diodes could replace bulky and costly active elements. The most common use for diode logic is in (DTL) s that, in addition to diodes, include to provide a and signal restoration. While diode logic has the advantage of simplicity, the lack of an amplifying stage in each gate limits its application. Not all logical functions can be implemented in diode logic alone; only the non-inverting logical and logical functions can be realized by diode gates. If several diode logic gates are cascaded, the voltage levels at each stage are significantly changed, so diode logic is normally limited to a single stage, though, in special designs, two-stage systems are sometimes achieved.

Up until 1952, manufactured transistors by modifying off-the-shelf s, after which they had their own manufacturing plant at . In the mid 1950s, diode logic was used in the which was the first all-transistorized computer in the world. The image on the right shows two basic logic circuits used on 608 cards. A single card would hold four two-way circuits or three three-way or one eight-way. All input and output signals were compatible. The circuits were capable of reliably switching pulses as narrow as one microsecond. The designers of the 1962 guidance computer used diode-resistor logic as much as possible, to minimize the number of transistors used.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko%C4%8D%C3%AD%20%28Chrudim%20District%29

Kočí (Chrudim District)

Introduction

Kočí is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 700 inhabitants.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HaSharon%20Junction

HaSharon Junction

Introduction

The HaSharon Junction (), commonly known as Beit Lid Junction (), is a key in the region of Israel. It intersects and . The junction serves as a large transportation hub for dozens of and buses. On the southwest corner of the junction is , a civilian jail. The junction was the scene of the , a 1995 attack by . It is planned that in the future, a large interchange will replace the current intersection. It will be located slightly north of the existing junction, along a new alignment of Highway 57, which will be shifted to the north.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coast%20Guard%20Island

Coast Guard Island

Introduction

Coast Guard Base Alameda also referred to as Coast Guard Island is an in the between and , . It is home to several major commands and cutters, including the . It is one of the largest Coast Guard bases on the West Coast. From 1942 until 1982, the island was the site of the Coast Guard's (boot camp), enlisting and training hundreds of thousands of Coast Guardsmen including many of the 214,239 who served in the and Theaters of . The is situated in the historic Brooklyn Basin, now known as Embarcadero Cove. It is within Alameda city limits, but is tied to land only via a bridge from Dennison Street in .

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostelec%20u%20He%C5%99manova%20M%C4%9Bstce

Kostelec u Heřmanova Městce

Administrative parts

Kostelec u Heřmanova Městce is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 400 inhabitants.

The village of Tasovice is an administrative part of Kostelec u Heřmanova Městce.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonito%20Lake

Bonito Lake

Introduction

Bonito Lake is an alpine located high in the mountains northwest of . It is a popular fishing and camping destination, and although it is surrounded by the , it is not a part of the national forest. It is currently owned by the city of as their primary water source. Because of the high altitude, the lake's temperature is cold year round, and is home to an abundance of . The area around the lake has several s with hiking trails and streams. The area is now a part of the , but in the late 19th century, the owned most of the in the area. In 1907 the built a small dam in South Fork Canyon, upstream from the current dam. From that dam they extended a wooden pipeline to to provide water for the steam trains of the era. The remnants of the original dam and pieces of the wooden pipeline are still visible to hikers along the trail in South Fork Canyon. By the 1920s, the railroad needed even more water, and they petitioned the Government of to allow them to build another, larger dam along Bonito Creek. The engineers who surveyed the canyon determined that the best place to build a dam would be downstream from the town of Bonito, across a narrow spot in the canyon. This location would allow the dam to contain the water of two streams which merged just above the dam. This location, however, meant that the town of Bonito would be flooded by the dam's lake. The people living in Bonito were given land further down the canyon, and the entire town was moved downstream to a new location. The dam was completed in 1931, and by 1933 the lake was completely filled. At full capacity, the lake contains 1,500 of water. By the 1950s, steam s had been replaced by diesel electric locomotives, and the railroad no longer needed the water from the lake. The railroad sold the lake to the city of , which needed a reliable water supply to provide the town's drinking water. A pipeline was built to Alamogordo's "La Luz" water treatment plant. Alamogordo still owns the dam and lake, but all of the land around the lake is a part of the Lincoln National Forest. The lake and the surrounding mountains are now popular for fishing, camping, and hiking.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang%20Lettl

Wolfgang Lettl

Introduction

Wolfgang Lettl (18 December 1919 – 10 February 2008) was a who was born and who died in , . His retrospective was exhibited at the in 2019. In 1939, at the age of 20, Wolfgang joined the and served as a communications officer in occupied from 1940 to 1943, during which time he worked on his watercolours and first became exposed to surrealism. Later in the war, he became a reconnaissance airman in , where he was captured at the end of the war and held for four months. He returned to Augsburg in 1945, and worked there as a freelance painter from 1945 to 1948. In 1949, however, the forced him to turn to construction work to make ends meet. He continued working on his landscapes, portraits and surrealist art while working construction jobs and odd jobs. From 1954 onwards, he was able to concentrate on his art. He married Franziska Link in 1949. Success with his freelance art led him to develop his surrealism, and in 1963 he participated in the Grosse Kunstausstellung München (the "Grand Art Exhibition Munich"), becoming a member of the Neue Münchener Künstlergenossenschaft ("New Munich Artists' Cooperative Society"). One-man shows in Germany and abroad followed. In addition to his surrealist work, the landscapes around , his second home in , , inspired him to sometimes paint in an style. In 1992, on the occasion of a retrospective exhibition at the Toskan Hall of Columns, he offered his paintings to the city of Augsburg on permanent loan. After the opening of the "Lettl Atrium - Museum for Surreal Art" in Augsburg in 1993, Lettl has concentrated on experiments in other media (including film), as well as continuing with his painting. A major retrospective exhibition was held in Augsburg in 2000.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feeding%20the%20multitude

Feeding the multitude

Introduction

In , the feeding the multitude is two separate reported in the . The first miracle, the "Feeding of the 5,000", is the only miracle—aside from the resurrection—recorded in all four gospels (:13–21; :31–44; :12–17; :1–14). The second miracle, the "Feeding of the 4,000", with 7 loaves of bread and a few small fish, is reported by :32–39 and :1–9, but not by Luke or John.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feeding%20the%20multitude

Feeding the multitude

The feeding of the 5,000 people

In , the feeding the multitude is two separate reported in the . The first miracle, the "Feeding of the 5,000", is the only miracle—aside from the resurrection—recorded in all four gospels (:13–21; :31–44; :12–17; :1–14). The second miracle, the "Feeding of the 4,000", with 7 loaves of bread and a few small fish, is reported by :32–39 and :1–9, but not by Luke or John.

The Feeding of the 5,000 is also known as the "miracle of the five loaves and two fish"; the reports that Jesus used five loaves and two fish supplied by a boy to feed a multitude. According to , when Jesus heard that had been killed, he withdrew by boat privately to a solitary place. Luke specifies that the place was near . The crowds followed Jesus on foot from the towns. When Jesus landed and saw a large crowd, he had compassion on them and healed their sick. As evening approached, the disciples came to him and said, "This is a remote place, it's already getting late. Send the crowds away, so they can go to the villages and buy themselves some food." Jesus said that they did not need to go away, and therefore the disciples were to give them something to eat. They said that they only had five loaves and two fish, which Jesus asked to be brought to him. Jesus directed the people to sit down in groups on the grass. In Mark's Gospel, the crowds sat in groups of 50 and 100, and in Luke's Gospel, Jesus' instructions were to seat the crowd in groups of 50, implying that there were 100 such groups. Taking the five loaves and the two fish and looking up to Heaven, he gave thanks and broke them. Then he gave them to the disciples, and the disciples gave them to the people. They all ate and were satisfied, and the disciples picked up twelve baskets full of broken pieces that were leftover. The number of those who ate was about five thousand men, beside women and children. In John's Gospel, the multitude has been attracted around Jesus because of the healing works he has performed, and the feeding of the multitude is taken as a further sign that Jesus is the .

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostelec

Kostelec

Introduction

Kostelec means 'fortified church' in Czech and may refer to several places in the Czech Republic: , a municipality and village in the Hradec Králové Region , a municipality and village in the Vysočina Region , a municipality and village in the South Moravian Region , a municipality and village in the Plzeň Region , a town in the Olomouc Region , a town in the Central Bohemian Region , a town in the Central Bohemian Region , a town in the Hradec Králové Region , a municipality and village in the South Bohemian Region , a municipality and village in the Pardubice Region , a municipality and village in the Zlín Region , a municipality and village in the Central Bohemian Region , a town in the Hradec Králové Region , a municipality and village in the Pardubice Region

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meymand

Meymand

Introduction

Meymand (, also d as Maimand; also known as Meyman) is a city and capital of , in , , . At the 2006 census, its population was 8,615, in 2,138 families. Meymand is located a few miles east of and about from . Its population is almost wholly occupied with the manufacture and sale of , which is largely exported to many parts of Iran as well as to , and . is located nearby. The district also produces great quantities of . In 1961, Meymand became a city after consensus with the three villages of Meymand-e Sofla, Meymand-e Olya and Shabankareh.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zee%20Cine%20Award%20for%20Best%20Actor%20%E2%80%93%20Female

Zee Cine Award for Best Actor – Female

Introduction

The Zee Cine Award for Best Actor – Female is chosen by the members of Zee Entertainment Enterprises as part of its for s, to recognise a female actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role. Following its inception in 1998, a ceremony wasn't held in 2009 and 2010, but resumed back in 2011.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%A1sn%C3%A9%20%28Chrudim%20District%29

Krásné (Chrudim District)

Administrative parts

Krásné is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 100 inhabitants.

Villages of Chlum and Polánka are administrative parts of Krásné.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio%20Drive

Ohio Drive

Introduction

Ohio Drive is a in Southwest , located in and s and bordering the , , and the . It is a central organizing feature of East Potomac Park, providing the only major vehicular route to and through the area. Unlike most roadways named after states in the District of Columbia, Ohio Drive is not an avenue, nor it is heavily used like or s. However, the segment from to the is an important route. Ohio Drive SW is a to the East and West Potomac Parks Historic District, which was listed on the in November 1973.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio%20Drive

Ohio Drive

Important structures

Ohio Drive is a in Southwest , located in and s and bordering the , , and the . It is a central organizing feature of East Potomac Park, providing the only major vehicular route to and through the area. Unlike most roadways named after states in the District of Columbia, Ohio Drive is not an avenue, nor it is heavily used like or s. However, the segment from to the is an important route. Ohio Drive SW is a to the East and West Potomac Parks Historic District, which was listed on the in November 1973.

A number of important and historic structures are located on Ohio Drive SW. The West Potomac Park Polo Grounds, located between Independence Avenue SW and Ohio Drive SW, were laid out in 1908. Paved over in 1942 to provide parking for the temporary offices on the , the southern half was restored to athletic fields in 1943. A (WAVES) dormitory was constructed on the remaining parking lot in 1944. The dormitory was demolished in 1965, and the area at last completely restored to athletic fields. In 1926, the was erected on Riverside Drive SW near the . This statue commemorates the contributions of , a Swedish immigrant and designer of during the . President and , Crown Prince of , attended the dedication ceremonies. Riverside Drive was renamed Ohio Drive by 1950. Cherry trees are also a defining feature of Ohio Drive. In the 1930s, a large grove of were planted on both sides of the street in the northwestern corner of West Potomac Park. From 1966 to 1968, more than 1,800 Yoshino cherry and other trees were planted along Ohio Drive SW in East Potomac Park. The trees were donated and planted by friends of President and in honor of Lady Bird Johnson's continuing efforts at civic beautification nationwide. A plaque commemorating the planting of these trees is located on the east shore of East Potomac Park on Ohio Drive. The cherry trees, according to the , "are a major character-defining component of the landscape of East Potomac Park" and are also considered a contributing property to the East and West Potomac Parks Historic District. In 1957, another major memorial was erected on Ohio Drive SW and West Basin Drive SW. This object is a stone Japanese Pagoda. The stone pagoda is a gift from the people of , to the people of Washington, D.C. It arrived on June 19, 1957, in five separate pieces and was assembled on-site. Yokohama mayor Ryozo Kiranuma helped dedicate it once it was erected. This stone pagoda is also a contributing property to the East and West Potomac Parks Historic District. Another historic object on Ohio Drive SW is the First Air Mail Flight Marker. This object consists of a brass plaque attached to a boulder next to the Polo Grounds south of Ohio Drive SW. It was dedicated on May 15, 1958, by the District of Columbia to mark the spot where the aircraft took off with the first scheduled domestic air mail service. The original marker was stolen in 1969 and the plaque was replaced in 1971.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio%20Drive

Ohio Drive

Confusion with Ohio Avenue

Ohio Drive is a in Southwest , located in and s and bordering the , , and the . It is a central organizing feature of East Potomac Park, providing the only major vehicular route to and through the area. Unlike most roadways named after states in the District of Columbia, Ohio Drive is not an avenue, nor it is heavily used like or s. However, the segment from to the is an important route. Ohio Drive SW is a to the East and West Potomac Parks Historic District, which was listed on the in November 1973.

Ohio Drive should be distinguished from Ohio Avenue. Ohio Avenue was part of the original for the District of Columbia. It began on 15th Street NW, halfway between C and D Streets NW, and ran southeast (parallel to ) until it reached a small plaza at 12th Street NW. The avenue was obliterated in the early 20th century by the complex. The , , and currently sit on the path of the old Ohio Avenue.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Kronk

Paul Kronk

Introduction

Paul Kronk (born 22 September 1954) is a former from Australia. Kronk won seven doubles titles during his professional career. The right-hander reached his highest singles on 25 April 1976, when he was No. 78 in the world. Kronk won seven doubles titles, and was a runner-up in the and a two-time runner-up in the , on all occasions partnering compatriot .

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.%20P.%20Cormier

J. P. Cormier

Introduction

John Paul "J.P." Cormier (born January 23, 1969), is a Canadian // singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. To date he has won thirteen and one . Cormier was born in and began playing guitar around age five. As a child he displayed an unusual ability to play a variety of instruments by ear and won a guitar contest at age nine. Appearances on , a television show devoted to bluegrass music, followed at age fourteen. Cormier has stated that he learned to play guitar by listening to such noted / bluegrass musicians as and . Other instruments J.P. has played on his albums include , , upright bass, , , drums, percussion, synthesizer, cello, and piano. By age sixteen Cormier had recorded his first album (a collection of bluegrass instrumentals) and he began working the U.S. festival circuit. This led him to move to the United States and to begin working as a session musician. He continued to perform live on the festival circuit and at the with country artists , , , and others. In 1989 he attended the now-named in , Mississippi, where he majored in music education. At the time it was one of only three colleges in North America that offered a specialty in bluegrass instruments. During his stay at Northeast he began playing the and piano. It was also during this time he first had the idea for the song "Northwind". Cormier was involved in a serious truck accident in 2009, resulting in a fractured vertebra and a halt to his touring in 2012. He went back into the studio, focused on his singer-songwriter abilities, and released Somewhere in the Back of My Heart in the same year. In April 2015 Cormier released a new album, , which included the previously released single Hometown Battlefield, about soldiers experiencing . The song, inspired by Cormier's 2007 Afghanistan tour and news about soldiers' suicides, went viral, with millions of Facebook visits and 800,000 YouTube views (July 2015).

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prose%C4%8D%20%28disambiguation%29

Proseč (disambiguation)

Places in the Czech Republic

Prosec or Proseč may refer to: , an economic program

, a town in the Pardubice Region , a municipality and village in the Vysočina Region Proseč, a village and administrative part of , Vysočina Region Proseč, a village and administrative part of , Vysočina Region Proseč, a village and administrative part of , Pardubice Region Proseč, a village and administrative part of , Liberec Region Proseč, a village and administrative part of , Liberec Region

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos%20M%C3%A9rida

Carlos Mérida

Career

Carlos Mérida (December 2, 1891 – December 21, 1985) was a who was one of the first to fuse European modern painting to Latin American themes, especially those related to and Mexico. He was part of the movement in subject matter but less so in style, favoring a non-figurative and later geometric style rather than a figurative, narrative style. Mérida is best known for canvas and mural work, the latter including elements such as glass and ceramic mosaic on major constructions in the 1950s and 1960s. One of his major works 4000m2 on the , was completely destroyed with the , but a monument to it exists at another complex in the south of the city.

Mérida’s art career began when he was still a teenager. His family’s move back to Guatemala City put him in touch with various artists and intellectuals. At age nineteen, he approached Catalan artist and writer , who helped Mérida organize his first individual exhibition at the offices of the El Economista newspaper in Guatemala City in 1910. As there was little opportunity for artists in Guatemala, in 1910, Mérida traveled to Paris with a friend named Carlos Valenti on a German cargo ship. From then until 1914, he lived and worked in Paris and traveled much of Europe. This put him in touch with European avant garde artists such as Van Dagen, , and as well as Latin American artists studying in Europe such as , , and . He exhibited his work in venues such as the Independent Salon and the Giroux Gallery in Paris. For unknown reasons, his traveling companion committed suicide in his studio, which affected Mérida deeply and temporarily losing interest in art. He was helped in overcoming this by . In 1914, Mérida returned to Guatemala and saw his country in a different light, becoming fascinated in the folklore diversity. His second exhibition in Guatemala was at the Rosenthal Building in 1915, an exhibition which marks the beginning of modern painting in Guatemala. His time with Mexican artists in Europe prompted him to go to Mexico in 1919, when the fighting from the Mexican Revolution had ended but there was still disorder. He arrived to the country a year before Diego Rivera returned from Europe. Mérida is noted for both easel and mural works. His first exhibition in Mexico was in 1920 at the Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes. In that same year, he exhibited in the United States at the . He participated in a collective show called the Independent Artists Exhibition in New York in 1922 and exhibited individually at the Academia Nacional de Bellas Artes in Guatemala and the Valentin Dudesing Gallery in New York in 1926. In the 1930s and 1940s, the reputation of Mexican painting was rising; however, Mérida still needed to work to get his paintings sold. One reason for this was that his work differed from that of the Mexican muralists and was often not well received by critics. Mérida has forty five exhibitions in the United States and eighteen in Mexico from 1928 to 1948. These included an exhibition with at the Art Center of New York (1930), the John Becker and Valentine galleries in New York (1930), the Club de Escritores de México and the Galería Posada in Mexico City (1931), the Stedhal Gallery and the Stanley Rose Gallery in Los Angeles, the East West Gallery in San Francisco, the and the Georgette Passedoit and Cuchnitz galleries in New York (1939-1940) as well as the International Surrealist Exhibition in 1940 in Mexico City. He worked intensely in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s producing designs, graphic works, scenographic sketches for dance, and tapestries, playing with geometric variants. Other venues for his exhibitions included Harvard University, the at the University of California in Berkeley, the and the . In 1954 he exhibited at the Museo de Bellas Artes in . His important works include Alcalde de Almolonga, Bucólica, Imágenes de Guatemala (portfolio), Danzas de Mexico (album), Carnaval en México (album), Mexican costume (album), Trajes regionales mexicanos (album), Trajes indígenas de Guatemala (album), La virgen y las fieras, Divagaciones plásticas alrededor de un tema azteca (series), Estilización de motivos mayas and La mestiza de Guatemala. Mérida’s early monumental work was related to Mexican muralism, one reason he relocated to Mexico at the end of the . There he joined a group called the Renacimiento Mexicano (Mexican Renaissance) and then worked with Diego Rivera as an assistant at the Bolivar Amphitheater () along with , , and . He also painted Caperucita roja y los cuatro elementos at the children’s library of the in the 1920s. In the late 1940s, he worked on murals again, at the Secretaria de Rucursos Hidraulicos and the children’s area of the Miguel Alemán housing complex with . This prompted an interest in a concept called “plastic integration” combining art and architecture. In 1950 he returned to Europe, studying Venetian mosaic techniques in Italy. His next major project with Pani was for the Benito Juárez housing project covering 4,000m2. The concept of this project was to have the works clearly visible to cars passing by the buildings. However, this work was destroyed along with most of the housing complex in the . A monument to the Juarez project was created by a student of Mérida, Alfonso Soto Soria, at the Fuentes Brotantes housing complex in the south of Mexico City using the plans of the original work. Other projects of this type included the glass mosaic murals at the Reaseguros Alianza Building in Mexico City (1953), the artwork at the Torre Banobras in the center of , the Cine Mácar and the (1964). In Guatemala, he also created murals and other monumental works including the Palacio Municipal of Guatemala City (La mestiza de Guatemala,), the Chancellery of Guatemala (Glorificación de Quetzal, 1955), the Instituto Guatemalteco de Seguridad Social, at the Crédito Hipotectario Nacional and at the (1956). In addition to canvas and murals, Mérida also worked in education. In 1932, he founded the dance school of the Secretariat of Public Education with Carlos Orozco Romero and invited the participation of other artists such as , , and . He ran the school for three years working with dancers such as and , Graciela Arriaga, Anna Sololow, Waldeen, Gloria Contreras, Evelia Beristain, Rosa Rayna and his own daughter . For Mérida dance was a way to express what painting and music could not. His daughter Ana studied at the school and became a noted Mexican choreographer. This interest in dance led him to design stage set and costumes for twenty two works from 1940 to 1979. He was particularly interested in indigenous dance, documenting 162 of them, some completely pre-Hispanic. In addition, in 1942 he was invited to teach fresco painting at the North Texas State Teacher’s College in Denton, today the . In 1957 Mérida won the acquisition prize at the IV Bienal de São Paulo, Brazil. His first major recognition was in 1958, when he received the from the Guatemalan government. This was following by the naming of an annual arts prize of the Instituto de Bellas Artes of Guatemala after him, and the Orden al Mérito Cultural y Artistico also from Guatemala. His first retrospective was in 1966, organized by the Bank of Guatemala. He participated in the III Bienal de Grabado Latinoamericano in San Juan, Puerto Rico in 1974 and the Panorama Artístico de la Gráficia at the Palacio de Bellas Artes in 1979. In 1980 he received the the highest honor Mexico gives to foreigners. The Palacio de Bellas Artes held important retrospectives in 1981 and again in 1992. Since his death, there have been other events to honor his work including a retrospective at the Museo Metropolitano in Monterrey (2000), a retrospective at the Instituto de Artes Gráficas de Oaxaca (2008), another at the (2010), and the Ana Lucia Gómez Gallery in Guatemala City held an homage to the artist (2011). Mérida’s work can be found in major public and private collections around the world.

wit-train-topic-000895210

projected-04035820-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20McNamara

Peter McNamara

Introduction

Peter McNamara (5 July 1955 – 20 July 2019) was an Australian and coach. McNamara won five singles titles and nineteen doubles titles in his career. A right-hander, McNamara reached his highest singles -ranking on 14 March 1983 when he became world No. 7. McNamara and fellow Australian won the 1980 and 1982 men's doubles championship at and the doubles in 1979. McNamara's highest rank in doubles was No. 3. After retiring as a player, McNamara coached professionals including , , and . McNamara died on 20 July 2019, at the age of 64, from .

wit-train-topic-001400112

projected-04035826-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stripeikiai

Stripeikiai

Introduction

Stripeikiai is the earliest known village in , best known for its unique ethnographic . The museum was founded in 1974 by Bronius Kazlas at Vincas Bikus farmstead with a and now receives about 10,000 visitors annually. The museum is all about the traditional beekeeping which was cultivated in this area throughout the ages. Guests still can taste fresh honey during their visit to the museum.

wit-train-topic-001519694

projected-04035834-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krouna

Krouna

Introduction

Krouna is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 1,400 inhabitants.

wit-train-topic-000163751

projected-04035835-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalbe%2C%20Saxony-Anhalt

Kalbe, Saxony-Anhalt

Introduction

Kalbe is a town in the (district), in , . It is situated approximately 15 km north of , on the river . To avoid confusion with , it is also called Kalbe an der Milde. Kalbe an der Milde was the location of the World War II German Naval complex. Kalbe is home to , a small luxury watch maker.

wit-train-topic-004012902

projected-04035853-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister%20of%20Justice%20and%20Public%20Security

Minister of Justice and Public Security

Introduction

In , the Minister of Justice and Public Security is the head of the and a member of . The current Justice Minister is . Until 1 January 2012 the post was named the Minister of Justice and the Police

wit-train-topic-001550403

projected-04035865-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A4nzi%20Aufdenblatten

Fränzi Aufdenblatten

Introduction

Franziska Christine "Fränzi" Aufdenblatten (born 10 February 1981) is a retired Swiss . Born in , , Aufdenblatten made her World Cup debut in March in a at . She scored four podium finishes on the World Cup: one win in a in in December , and three third places in at (), (), and (). Aufdenblatten competed in three (, and ) and her best finish was a sixth place in the at . After the 2014 Games, Aufdenblatten announced that she would be retiring from competition at the end of the season in order to start a new career in sports management. After announcing her retirement, she scored a fourth and final World Cup podium finish with a third place in the downhill at the at in her native Switzerland.

wit-train-topic-004499487

projected-04035904-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc%20Berthod

Marc Berthod

Introduction

Marc Berthod (born 24 November 1983 in ) is a retired . In 2005, he was Swiss champion in . He finished 7th in the combined event at the . On 7 January 2007, Berthod won the slalom in in a "miraculous" effort that saw him qualify in 27th position for the second run (an impressive performance in itself as he started at #60) and then proceeded to win with a second run that carried him all the way into 1st place, beating Olympic champion by 0.26 seconds. The 2007 season has also yielded other good results for Berthod, with two other podium finishes so far, with a 2nd place at the , and a 2nd place in also in the combined. In September 2016 he declared his retirement, as he lacked motivation and suffered several injuries in the past.

wit-train-topic-001174611

projected-04035911-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginu%C4%8Diai

Ginučiai

Introduction

Ginučiai is a village on the shore of the in the , of . According to the 2011 census, its population was 44. It is best known for its 19th-century . It is one of the few mills in Lithuania that survive with the original mechanism. Ginučiai watermill is declared a monument of engineering. Ginučiai village is quite popular touring place in the Eastern Lithuania.

wit-train-topic-000543337

projected-04035924-002

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music%20City%20Star

Music City Star

Rolling stock

The Music City Star, officially known as the WeGo Star, is a service running between and . The service uses the existing track of the . The line stops at seven stations: , , , , , and . The operation covers of rail line. Service began on September 18, 2006. In , the system had a ridership of .

The Music City Star regional rail service is currently served by four rebuilt ex- locomotives and seven former coaches, . The coaches are s with seating on both levels. Since 2022, all four F40PH locomotives have been rebuilt and repainted into the new WeGo paint scheme. 381 previously wore Amtrak's Pacific Surfliner paint scheme until late 2020.The coaches used also saw an overhaul; the former Metra Pullman-Standard coaches were withdrawn from service around 2020 and were replaced with corrugated stainless steel Budd bi-level gallery coaches formerly used by Chicago Burlington and Quincy, RTA, Metra, and the planned .

wit-train-topic-003525045

projected-04035924-003

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music%20City%20Star

Music City Star

Lines

The Music City Star, officially known as the WeGo Star, is a service running between and . The service uses the existing track of the . The line stops at seven stations: , , , , , and . The operation covers of rail line. Service began on September 18, 2006. In , the system had a ridership of .

Currently there is only one line, with six more planned to other around . The current line is long with seven stations. The line is mostly , so this limits arrivals and departures to how long each train has to wait for the other to pass. The first "starter line" cost $41 million, or just under $1.3 million per mile, which made it the most cost-efficient commuter rail start-up in the nation.

wit-train-topic-003639217

projected-04035941-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humula

Humula

Introduction

Humula is a small country town between and in , . Humula was once named "American Yards" or "American Fields" during the , where many Chinese came for gold years ago. At the , Humula had a population of 124 people. Humula is located at the confluence of Carabost Creek, with Umbango Creek, a tributary of , in the . Humula Station, which is just outside the town, is one of Australia's most historic farming and grazing properties. Although Humula is a small town, it has its own , ,p and a . After surviving many including the latest in February 2006, Humula is still in one piece. Murraguldrie Post Office opened nearby on 20 March 1874 and was replaced by a Humula office in 1888. Humula has been around for well over 100 years. Older buildings include the at the end of Mate Street, the Humula Public School on School Street, and the ruins of the old Humula Hotel. Humula once had a at the end of School Street. In the late 1970s and 1980s, Humula's activity and population peaked when was the main industry in the area. The Humula employed many people; when it closed Humula became almost a . The Sports Club is the only business still operating. Outside the town is Humula's large farming area, most of which has been converted to pine plantations. Humula had its own railway station and siding, on the , but the railway is now disused. The Post Office closed several years ago and the General Store continued in a much smaller role until about 2016.

wit-train-topic-002973677

projected-04035943-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webers

Webers

Introduction

Webers (also known as Webers Hamburgers) is a restaurant on , located 15 kilometres north of , that opened in July 1963. Webers grills their burgers over charcoal, with a grill man said to be able to flip up to 800 patties an hour. Long line ups are a common sight at the restaurant, which made the restaurant build a over the highway to provide access for guests from the southbound side. The restaurant's hamburger patties are also sold at outlets. As of 2009, Webers is reported to sell approximately 8000 hamburgers on a typically busy Friday. The restaurant is open weekends from Thanksgiving until Christmas, but closed from January to March break.

wit-train-topic-003077230

projected-04035946-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20commanders%20of%20Guantanamo%20Bay%20Naval%20Base

List of commanders of Guantanamo Bay Naval Base

Brief timeline

This is a listing of commandants and commanders of the , located in on .

10 June 1898 : U.S. occupation. 23 February 1903 : U.S. leases naval station at Guantánamo Bay in Cuba. 6 October 1903 : Guantanamo Bay Naval Station leased to U.S. 12 December 1913 : Naval Station officially opens. Cuban flag lowered. 31 May 1934 : The 1934 Treaty of Relations abrogates the 1903 Treaty of Relations, explicitly spells out the right for the US to walk away from the lease. 1 April 1941 : Renamed Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Operating Base, after vast construction program for build-up of the Station Frederick Snare Corporation. 18 June 1952 : Renamed Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base.

wit-train-topic-004756856

projected-04035957-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Westphal

Michael Westphal

Introduction

Michael Westphal (19 February 1965 – 20 June 1991) was a male from . Westphal participated for his native country in the , making it as far as the quarter-finals. The right-hander reached his highest singles ranking of world No. 49 in March 1986. Westphal died of complications from on 20 June 1991, aged 26.

wit-train-topic-003163389

projected-04035974-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aki%20%28James%20Bond%29

Aki (James Bond)

Creation

Aki is a fictional character created for the 1967 film . In the film, Aki, played by , is a agent with the fictional Japanese Secret Intelligence Service (SIS).

Aki does not appear in 's . She was originally named Suki in 's screenplay. According to The James Bond Films, the character was "Dahl's tribute to the Japanese woman of the Sixties". The character is portrayed as an attractive female Japanese SIS agent, a skilled and an expert driver who often uses her skills at driving her white sports car equipped with several high-tech communication devices. was cast to play Suki, but she had trouble learning English; to solve the problem, she and , originally cast to play the part of almost-silent , decided to swap their respective roles. Wakabayashi then convinced director to change the name of her character to Aki. While Kissy acts as the film's main Bond girl, Aki serves as Bond's main contact and apparent love interest during the early and middle sections. When Kissy is set to be introduced as Bond's cover wife, Aki's role draws to a close. Her death shortly afterwards clears the way for Kissy to take on the role.

wit-train-topic-004225308

projected-04036001-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didier%20Cuche

Didier Cuche

Career

Didier Cuche (born 16 August 1974) is a former from Switzerland.

Born in , he competed in the and , along with the . He won the World Cup downhill and super-G title for the and has won three previous downhill titles in , and , along with a giant slalom title in . Cuche has 21 World Cup race victories, along with 67 podiums (top three) and 181 top ten finishes. He is also an Olympic silver medalist and has won a total of four medals (a gold, two silvers, and a bronze). He retired from competition following the . At the in , Japan, Cuche was the silver medalist in the , where he had exactly the same time as resulting in a rare sharing of the medal (no bronze medal was awarded). Cuche switched from to skis following the , joining and . During the , Cuche was in top form, winning the downhill season title with a victory and four-second-place finishes. In the downhill on 28 December 2006 he finished second, 0.01 seconds behind winner , the smallest measurable amount in ski racing. Cuche repeated as the World Cup downhill season champion in with 584 points, five ahead of overall champion . Cuche finished third overall and nearly won the super-G season title, finishing a single point behind champion . At the in , France, Cuche won the and was the silver medalist in the . A week after winning the super-G and downhill at Kitzbühel in , Cuche broke his right thumb in the giant slalom at , Slovenia, on 29 January, two weeks before the . The injury put Cuche's Olympic participation in doubt, and he was immediately flown to Switzerland. After successful thumb surgery, he was cleared to compete in the Olympics in Canada. Cuche had a disappointing Olympics and did not win any medal; however, he regained the title of World Cup downhill champion for the 2010 season at the first post-Olympic race. Cuche won the downhill on the challenging Olympiabakken course at , Norway, on 6 March for his fifth World Cup victory of the season. Until 2010, Cuche had never won more than two World Cup events in a single season. On 22 January 2011, Cuche became the oldest race winner in the history of the , winning the downhill in at the age of . It was also his fourth downhill victory in Kitzbühel, which tied him with for the record on the Hahnenkamm. He has since added a fifth victory in Kitzbühel to his tally, thus becoming the sole record holder; Klammer was there to congratulate him at the finish. At the in February, he won the silver medal in the . In March he won the World Cup downhill championship for the 2011 season. This marked the fourth time he won the season title (2011, 2010, 2008, 2007), a record only surpassed by who won the title five times. He ended the 2011 World Cup season in first-place ranking in downhill and super-G, finishing second in the overall rankings to . After considerable speculation as to whether Cuche might instead retire, he opened the 2012 World Cup season by winning the downhill race at , further extending the age record he had last broken at in a super-G at Kvitfjell in March 2011. That record was extended yet again at Kitzbühel in January 2012 to . On 19 January 2012 Cuche announced his retirement for the end of the 2012 season. He gave his retirement speech in Kitzbühel during which he stated that he wanted to "leave the World Cup stage on a high". Only two days later, Cuche won the Hahnenkamm race in Kitzbühel for the fifth time in his career, including his first World Cup win in 1998. The following week, Cuche won the downhill at Garmisch, Germany, for his twentieth World Cup victory. He extended the record for the oldest winner of a World Cup race with his 21st and last career victory in the super-G of Crans Montana on 24 February 2012 to . In December 2012, the Swiss ski federation announced that Cuche would work with his former teammates as a downhill coach after they suffered a slow start to the season.

wit-train-topic-003236779

projected-04036005-003

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Bridge%20at%20Andau

The Bridge at Andau

AVO

The Bridge at Andau is a 1957 nonfiction book by the American author chronicling the . Living in in the 1950s, Michener was at the border of Austria and during the period in which a significant wave of refugees fled Hungary. The book is one of Michener's journalistic works (his 9th or 10th published book) and much shorter than the episodic novels that he wrote over the next thirty years. While the book is of an historical event based upon interviews with eyewitnesses, the story is told largely through composite characters or characters based on real people whose names were changed, either for their safety or the safety of family left behind. The story examines the experience of different segments of Hungarian society, both before and during the uprising, such as students, workers, soldiers, secret police, and ordinary citizens. The book takes the reader to the streets of , where unarmed young people, factory workers, and poorly equipped Hungarian soldiers fought tanks. It also tells the bittersweet story of the few days of freedom enjoyed by the citizens of Budapest before the Soviets returned in force. Written soon after the events it chronicles, and published during the ongoing general strike that started soon after the Soviet reoccupation, the book serves to give the reader an idea of the middle years of the . The title of the books refers to on the Austria-Hungary border near the village of . The bridge was destroyed in November 1956 by Soviet troops. It was rebuilt in 1996 as a symbol of tolerance and helpfulness.

The ( or ÁVH, referred to as "AVO" in the book) was the of Hungary from 1945 until 1956. It was conceived as an external appendage of the 's secret police forces and gained an indigenous reputation for during a series of s beginning in 1948, intensifying in 1949 and ending in 1953. In 1953 died, and (a moderate reformer) was appointed . Under Nagy's first government from 1953 to 1955, the ÁVH was gradually reined in.

wit-train-topic-004636797

projected-04036008-002

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Method%20ringing

Method ringing

Plain hunt

Method ringing (also known as scientific ringing) is a form of in which the ringers commit to memory the rules for generating each change of sequence, and pairs of are affected. This creates a form of bell music which is continually changing, but which cannot be discerned as a conventional . It is a way of sounding continually changing mathematical . It is distinct from , where the ringers are instructed how to generate each new change by calls from a conductor, and normally only two adjacent bells swap their position at each change. In method ringing, the ringers are guided from permutation to permutation by following the rules of a method. Ringers typically learn a particular method by studying its "blue line", a diagram which shows its structure. The underlying basis of method ringing is intimately linked to . The basic building block of method ringing is . The first method, , was designed around 1650, probably by Robert Roan who became master of the change ringing society in 1652. Details of the method on five bells appeared in print in 1668 in Tintinnalogia ( with Richard Duckworth) and Campanalogia (1677 – written solely by Stedman), which are the first two publications on the subject. The practice originated in and remains most popular there today; in addition to bells in , it is also often performed on s.

In method ringing, plain hunt is the simplest form of generating changing permutations in a continuous fashion, and is a fundamental building-block of change ringing methods. It consists of a plain undeviating course of a bell between the first and last places in the striking order, with two strikes in the first and last position to enable a turn-around. Thus each bell moves one position at each succeeding change, unless they reach the first or last position, when they remain there for two changes then proceed to the other end of the sequence. This simple rule can be extended to any number of bells.

wit-train-topic-004681753

projected-04036008-003

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Method%20ringing

Method ringing

Grandsire

Method ringing (also known as scientific ringing) is a form of in which the ringers commit to memory the rules for generating each change of sequence, and pairs of are affected. This creates a form of bell music which is continually changing, but which cannot be discerned as a conventional . It is a way of sounding continually changing mathematical . It is distinct from , where the ringers are instructed how to generate each new change by calls from a conductor, and normally only two adjacent bells swap their position at each change. In method ringing, the ringers are guided from permutation to permutation by following the rules of a method. Ringers typically learn a particular method by studying its "blue line", a diagram which shows its structure. The underlying basis of method ringing is intimately linked to . The basic building block of method ringing is . The first method, , was designed around 1650, probably by Robert Roan who became master of the change ringing society in 1652. Details of the method on five bells appeared in print in 1668 in Tintinnalogia ( with Richard Duckworth) and Campanalogia (1677 – written solely by Stedman), which are the first two publications on the subject. The practice originated in and remains most popular there today; in addition to bells in , it is also often performed on s.

Plain hunting is limited to a small number of possible different changes, which is numerically equal to twice the number of bells that are hunting. However, by introducing deviations from the plain hunt, by causing some of the bells to change their relationship to the others, change ringing "methods" were developed. These allow a large range of possible different changes to be rung; even to the extent of the full factorial sequence of changes. Grandsire, the oldest change ringing method, is based on a simple deviation to the when the treble (bell No.1) is first in the sequence or it is said to "lead". The treble is known as the "hunt bell" because it hunts continuously without ever deviating from the path. The diagram for the plain course is shown here. The Grandsire variation on the plain hunt on odd numbers adds a second hunt bell, which is "coursing" the treble: that is, the second hunt bell takes its place at the front of the change immediately after the treble. The single deviation away from hunting for the rest of the bells now takes place as the two hunt bells change places at the front of the lead. Furthermore, because there are two hunt bells, not the second bell but the third remains in place: 13254 – Treble leads 12345 21354 – The second hunt bell, No.2 in this case, leads after the treble. It is coursing it. 23145 This forces a dodge on the other bells in 4/5 positions. After this the bells immediately return to the plain hunt pattern until the next treble lead. This rule can now be extended to any number of odd bells in changes, making Grandsire an easily extendable method. The hunt bell is changed many times during such ringing to enable the full factorial number of changes to be achieved.

wit-train-topic-004891971

projected-04036008-004

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Method%20ringing

Method ringing

Plain Bob

Method ringing (also known as scientific ringing) is a form of in which the ringers commit to memory the rules for generating each change of sequence, and pairs of are affected. This creates a form of bell music which is continually changing, but which cannot be discerned as a conventional . It is a way of sounding continually changing mathematical . It is distinct from , where the ringers are instructed how to generate each new change by calls from a conductor, and normally only two adjacent bells swap their position at each change. In method ringing, the ringers are guided from permutation to permutation by following the rules of a method. Ringers typically learn a particular method by studying its "blue line", a diagram which shows its structure. The underlying basis of method ringing is intimately linked to . The basic building block of method ringing is . The first method, , was designed around 1650, probably by Robert Roan who became master of the change ringing society in 1652. Details of the method on five bells appeared in print in 1668 in Tintinnalogia ( with Richard Duckworth) and Campanalogia (1677 – written solely by Stedman), which are the first two publications on the subject. The practice originated in and remains most popular there today; in addition to bells in , it is also often performed on s.

"Plain Bob" is one of the oldest change ringing and simplest of these, first named "Grandsire Bob". The deviations when a plain course is extended with "calls" are much simpler than those in Grandsire. A "plain course" of plain bob minor is shown in diagrammatic form, which has the characteristics; all bells plain hunt, until the treble bell is first, when depending where they are in the pattern, they; perform "Dodges" in the 3–4 position or perform dodges in the 5–6 positions, or sit for two blows if they are just above the treble, then go first again. The red bell track shows the order of "works", which are deviations from the plain hunt. 3/4 down dodge 5/6 down dodge 5/6 up dodge 3/4 up dodge make 2nds place. And then it repeats. Each bells starts at a different place in this cyclical order. A dodge means just that; two bells dodge round each other, thus changing their relationship to the treble, and giving rise to different changes. The plain bob pattern can be extended beyond the constraints of the plain course, to the full unique 720 changes possible ( this is factorial 6 on 6 bells, which is 1×2×3×4×5×6 = 720 changes). To do this, at set points in the sequences one of the ringers, called the "conductor" calls out commands such as "bob" or "single", which introduce further variations. The conductor follows a "composition" which they have to commit to memory. This enables the other ringers to produce large numbers of unique changes without memorising huge quantities of data, without any written prompts. Ringers can also ring different methods, with different "works" – so there is a huge variety of ways of ringing method changes.

wit-train-topic-003313159

projected-04036008-015

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Method%20ringing

Method ringing

Calls and compositions

Method ringing (also known as scientific ringing) is a form of in which the ringers commit to memory the rules for generating each change of sequence, and pairs of are affected. This creates a form of bell music which is continually changing, but which cannot be discerned as a conventional . It is a way of sounding continually changing mathematical . It is distinct from , where the ringers are instructed how to generate each new change by calls from a conductor, and normally only two adjacent bells swap their position at each change. In method ringing, the ringers are guided from permutation to permutation by following the rules of a method. Ringers typically learn a particular method by studying its "blue line", a diagram which shows its structure. The underlying basis of method ringing is intimately linked to . The basic building block of method ringing is . The first method, , was designed around 1650, probably by Robert Roan who became master of the change ringing society in 1652. Details of the method on five bells appeared in print in 1668 in Tintinnalogia ( with Richard Duckworth) and Campanalogia (1677 – written solely by Stedman), which are the first two publications on the subject. The practice originated in and remains most popular there today; in addition to bells in , it is also often performed on s.

To obtain more changes than available in the plain course, a conductor makes a call directing the ringers to make a slight variation in the course. (The most common calls are called bobs and singles.) These variations usually last only one change, but cause two or more ringers to swap their paths, whereupon they continue with the normal pattern. By introducing such calls appropriately, repetition can be avoided, with the peal remaining true over a large number of changes. For example, an extent in a minor method is 720 (6!) changes, so would require 12 repetitions of the plain course shown. To know when to make calls and which ones to make, a conductor follows a plan called a composition which he or someone else devised; if properly constructed it will ensure a true performance of the desired length. Today make checking a composition's truth easy; but the process once involved a mix of mathematics and laborious row-by-row checking. Probably the greatest composer of the 20th century was , who composed over a hundred peals between 1910 and 1965, entirely by hand. None of his compositions was then, nor since, discovered to be false.

wit-train-topic-000548216

projected-04036008-016

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Method%20ringing

Method ringing

Place Notation (shorthand)

Method ringing (also known as scientific ringing) is a form of in which the ringers commit to memory the rules for generating each change of sequence, and pairs of are affected. This creates a form of bell music which is continually changing, but which cannot be discerned as a conventional . It is a way of sounding continually changing mathematical . It is distinct from , where the ringers are instructed how to generate each new change by calls from a conductor, and normally only two adjacent bells swap their position at each change. In method ringing, the ringers are guided from permutation to permutation by following the rules of a method. Ringers typically learn a particular method by studying its "blue line", a diagram which shows its structure. The underlying basis of method ringing is intimately linked to . The basic building block of method ringing is . The first method, , was designed around 1650, probably by Robert Roan who became master of the change ringing society in 1652. Details of the method on five bells appeared in print in 1668 in Tintinnalogia ( with Richard Duckworth) and Campanalogia (1677 – written solely by Stedman), which are the first two publications on the subject. The practice originated in and remains most popular there today; in addition to bells in , it is also often performed on s.

As well as writing out the changes longhand (as in the accompanying illustration of Plain Bob Minor) there is a shorthand called Place Notation. For each row in which all bells change place, such as the first change, use an "x" or a "-". In rows where one or more bells stay in place write down the place numbers which do not change, so that the second row is written "16". Plain Bob Minor is therefore x16x16x16x16x16x12. Many methods are symmetrical, and so only the first half lead is given, along with possibly the lead end. Plain Bob Minor is thus: x16x16x16 le:12. Where two changes consisting of numbers follow each other, use a dot to separate them. Plain Bob Doubles (i.e. on 5 bells) is: 5.1.5.1.5 le:125, or if written at full length 5.1.5.1.5.1.5.1.5.125.

wit-train-topic-003327502

projected-04036022-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyctibatrachus

Nyctibatrachus

Introduction

Nyctibatrachus is a of s to the of southwestern . Their common name is night frogs. Their also means "night frog", in reference to their habits and dark color. They are the only extant members of the Nyctibatrachinae. Currently, 35 species belong to Nyctibatrachus.

wit-train-topic-003785513

projected-04036037-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didier%20D%C3%A9fago

Didier Défago

Introduction

Didier Défago (born 2 October 1977) is a Swiss retired . Born in , , Défago made his World Cup debut at age 18 in March , and was Swiss national champion in (2003) and (2004). At the , he won the downhill at to become the Olympic champion. Défago finished the World Cup season as sixth overall and fourth in the , his most successful season so far. In he won two downhill races in a row, the classics at and . He was the first to win these in consecutive weeks since in , and the first Swiss racer since in . While training on a glacier above in mid-September 2010, Defago fell and injured ligaments in his left knee, ending his season. Défago announced his retirement in March 2015, after a second-place finish at the World Cup finals in the downhill in , France, and had his final World Cup race the next day in the super-G.

wit-train-topic-000559121

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sen%20%28surname%29

Sen (surname)

R

Sen (: সেন) is a surname derived from "Sena", the word for "". The surname is commonly found in the east of the ; namely & , mainly among and communities. The kings claimed themselves as or in their own inscriptions.

(26 July 1865 – 13 September 1910) was a Bengali poet and composer, known for his devotional (bhakti) compositions (1913 ― 6 May 1930) alias Rajat Kumar Sen was a Bengali revolutionary who joined in the Chittagong armoury raid. (born 30 April 1940), Bangladeshi politician (Bengali: রামকমল সেন) (1783–1844) was the Diwan of the Treasury, Treasurer of the Bank of Bengal and Secretary of the Asiatic Society , singer and lyricist (24 September 193310 February 2014) was a Bangladesh academician and writer. In 2011, he was inducted as the of Bangladesh. (born 1979), Indian actress (born 10 November 1955), Indian film & television director and the winner of three (born 1981), Indian actress and model primarily working in Tamil, Telugu and Hindi films , an Indian Bengali film actor , actress (born 1981), Indian actress and film producer who has appeared in Bollywood, Telugu and Bengali films is an author, activist, political strategist and the executive director of Narrative Initiative. She is also the co-president of the Board of Directors. Sen is the former president and executive director of the organization and publisher of and Mother Jones magazine. , an Indian actress (born 1981), Indian film actress and model was an Indian politician belonging to the (Marxist). He was elected to the Lok Sabha, lower house of the Parliament Ranendra "Ronen" Sen (born 9 April 1944) is a veteran Indian diplomat who was India's ambassador to the United States of America

wit-train-topic-004263806

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amnirana

Amnirana

Introduction

Amnirana is a genus of frogs in the family , "true frogs". The genus is primarily found in , but one species occurs in parts of southern and southeastern Asia. Some of the African species are widespread but contain undescribed cryptic diversity. Most (but not all) species have a white upper lip, and the genus is sometimes known as the white-lipped frogs.

wit-train-topic-004925486

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliuona

Veliuona

History

Veliuona (, , ) is a small town on the in the in .

Veliuona (also known as Junigeda) was first mentioned in 1291 in the . The town is primarily known as the burial place of . An old church, founded by in 1421, was rebuilt and enlarged in 1636. In 1501–1506 m. Veliuona was granted by the Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland . In the 18th century Veliuona belonged to prince , in the 19th century to the Zalewski family. In July 1941, an of German and Lithuanian nationalists murdered dozens of Jews from the town in mass executions.

wit-train-topic-003248486

projected-04036074-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amolops

Amolops

Introduction

Amolops (commonly known as cascade frogs or sucker frogs) is a of s ( ) native mainly to eastern and south-eastern Asia. These frogs are closely related to such genera as , , , and , but still form a distinct lineage among the core of true frogs. They are commonly known as "s" after their favorite - small rapid-flowing mountain and hill streams - but this name is used for many similar-looking frogs regardless of whether they are loosely related. Several are highly with other Ranidae "torrent frogs". and its relatives for example very much resemble . In another incidence of convergent evolution yielding to habitat, the s of Amolops, Huia, Meristogenys as well as have a raised and usually well-developed sucker on their belly. This is useful in keeping in place in rocky torrents, where these frogs grow up. But as Odorrana and from comparable prove, this sucker is by no means a necessity and other means of adaptation to torrent habitat exist.

wit-train-topic-004673167

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Galston

William Galston

Introduction

William Arthur Galston (; born January 17, 1946) holds the Ezra K. Zilkha Chair in Governance Studies and is a senior fellow at the ; he joined the think tank on January 1, 2006. Formerly the Saul Stern Professor and Dean at the at the and a professor of political science at the , Austin, Galston specializes in issues of U.S. and political institutions.

wit-train-topic-000809239

projected-04036134-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conraua

Conraua

Introduction

Conraua, known as slippery frogs or giant frogs is a genus of large s from . Conraua is the only genus in the family Conrauidae. Alternatively, it may be placed in the family . This genus includes the largest frog of the world, , which may grow to in snout–vent length and weigh as much as . Four of the seven species in this genus are .

wit-train-topic-002657966

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biguanide

Biguanide

Introduction

Biguanide () is the organic compound with the formula HN(C(NH)NH2)2. It is a colorless solid that dissolves in water to give highly basic solution. These solutions slowly hydrolyse to and .

wit-train-topic-004078144

projected-04036167-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1%2C4-Dimethoxybenzene

1,4-Dimethoxybenzene

Introduction

1,4-Dimethoxybenzene is an with the formula CH(OCH). It is one of three isomers of . It is a white solid with an intensely sweet floral odor. It is produced by several plant species.

wit-train-topic-003227717

projected-04036168-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambrosi%20Hoffmann

Ambrosi Hoffmann

Introduction

Ambrosi Hoffmann (born 22 March 1977, in ) is a . At the , he finished 8th in . He won a bronze medal in super-G at the and placed 17th in the downhill event.

wit-train-topic-002645295

projected-04036169-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphlyctis

Euphlyctis

Introduction

Euphlyctis is a genus of s in family distributed from the southwestern Arabian Peninsula, Pakistan and Afghanistan to India, Nepal, through Myanmar and Thailand to Malaya, and Sri Lanka. None of the four species assessed by the is considered .

wit-train-topic-003740409

projected-04036172-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GayVN%20Awards

GayVN Awards

Introduction

The GayVN Awards are presented annually to honor work done in the industry. The awards were sponsored by , the parent publication of GAYVN Magazine, and continue the recognition for gay pornography which was part of the from 1986–1998. The awards went on a hiatus after the 2011 ceremony and returned in 2018. The award recipients are listed below by the year of the award ceremony. In 1998, the first year of the awards, awards were given for that current year's work. Starting with the awards show held in 2000, the awards were given for the previous year's work. For example, the 8th GAYVN Awards were held Thursday, March 9, 2006; awards were given for the movies that were released in 2005. The awards have been held annually since 2000. The current record-holder for the most wins in one year is 's (2006), which won 14 awards in 2007. The previous record-holder with 11 award wins in 2005 was ' BuckleRoos.

wit-train-topic-005125306

projected-04036173-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakenham%2C%20Suffolk

Pakenham, Suffolk

History

Pakenham is a village and in the district of in eastern England. Its name can be linked to Anglo-Saxon roots, Pacca being the founder of a settlement on the hill surrounding Pakenham church. The village describes itself as the "Village of Two Mills", as it has a which claims to be the only working example in the county. The Pakenham windmill no longer works. The village sits to the east of and is administered as part of the . Prior to the local government reorganisation of 1974 it was part of .

Pacca was the founder of a on the hill where Pakenham now sits, on an area higher than the waters of . The discovery of many remains, notably that of a bone-toothed comb in the old school garden (near the church) in the 1950s, testify to the authenticity of the site. The village was therefore named Pacca's Ham, i.e. the home of Pacca. This name eventually became Pakenham, (pronounced locally with a long "a" sound.) The Anglo-Saxon family name later became "de Pakenham". Pacca's descendants continued to farm here until the . The village has contained several , such as the of the , but has now been demolished. was the original home of the de Pakenham family, and later seat of the . was built by Sir Robert Bright before becoming the of the Spring family. Several members of the Spring family are buried in the parish church.

wit-train-topic-000802813

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fejervarya

Fejervarya

Introduction

Fejervarya is a of s in the family found in Asia. First proposed in 1915 by István József Bolkay, a Hungarian naturalist, the genus did not see widespread adoption at first. As late as the 1990s it was generally included in , but more recent studies have confirmed its distinctness. These frogs are remarkable for being extremely by standards. Species such as the (F. cancrivora) can thrive in water, and its s can even survive in pure .

wit-train-topic-002757211

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fejervarya

Fejervarya

Systematics and taxonomy

Fejervarya is a of s in the family found in Asia. First proposed in 1915 by István József Bolkay, a Hungarian naturalist, the genus did not see widespread adoption at first. As late as the 1990s it was generally included in , but more recent studies have confirmed its distinctness. These frogs are remarkable for being extremely by standards. Species such as the (F. cancrivora) can thrive in water, and its s can even survive in pure .

Fejervarya was first introduced as subgenus of and later placed as subgenus as . It was treated as an independent genus first in 1998. However, Fejervarya was found to be with respect to . This issue was eventually resolved in 2011 by splitting off from Fejervarya. Fejervarya, as now defined, is distributed from eastern India () eastwards through Myanmar to southern China and Indochina to the islands of the Sunda Shelf as well as Japan. In contrast, Zakerana contains species from southern Asia ( and including , , and ). The widespread Cricket Frog (F. limnocharis) and some others have also been suspected to be es since at least the 1970s, and indeed a few populations have been identified that almost certainly constitute undescribed species.

wit-train-topic-001718719

projected-04036195-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sundbybergs%20centrum%20metro%20station

Sundbybergs centrum metro station

Introduction

Sundbybergs centrum (Sundbyberg Centre) is a station, located in , approximately from the centre of . It opened on 19 August 1985 as part of the extension to between and . The metro station is connected to a stop on with the same name, as well as to the railway station Sundbyberg served by the and long-distance trains.

wit-train-topic-001416159

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solna%20centrum%20metro%20station

Solna centrum metro station

Introduction

Solna centrum is a shopping mall and station in , approximately from central , Sweden. It is close to the and opened on 31 August 1975 as part the first stretch of the Blue Line between and . The mall contains around 120 stores and restaurants, 40 offices and 214 apartments.

wit-train-topic-002565807

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duvbo

Duvbo

Introduction

Duvbo is an residential area in in suburban , . In 2019 it had 2217 inhabitants. The is located in , just outside (300m) Duvbo and is part of the . It was inaugurated on August 19, 1985. In 1899 the property Dufvebol, then in Spånga municipality, was sold to a suburb development company, which split the land and built roads, naming it Dufbo egna-hems-koloni (Duvbo own home community). After 5 years the suburb was nearly complete, housing 1200 residents. From 1900 trains stopped at the nearby (400m) station Sundbyberg Norra (named so because it was in the north-west of the adjacent suburb Sundbyberg) was opened, until 1963. In 1902 Duvbo became a municipalsamhälle (submunicipality), until 1949 when it transferred into Sundbyberg municipality. An epidemics hospital was built in 1925 on the Ekbacken slope on the south side of Duvbo, an was torn down in the 1960s, replaced by the hospital Sundbybergs sjukhus. Today Ekbacken is instead an elderly care home, next to a few tall residential buildings.

wit-train-topic-002936069

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philipp%20Kohlschreiber

Philipp Kohlschreiber

Introduction

Philipp Eberhard Hermann Kohlschreiber (; born 16 October 1983) is a German former professional player. The right-hander won eight singles and seven doubles titles on the ATP World Tour and made the quarterfinals at the . He reached his highest singles ranking of world No. 16 in July 2012.

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