diff --git "a/data/en002/text/00000030.txt" "b/data/en002/text/00000030.txt" new file mode 100644--- /dev/null +++ "b/data/en002/text/00000030.txt" @@ -0,0 +1,7929 @@ +MsPK-xnnBa4-00000-00000000-00000200 Horror interesting movie +MuGtz-pt0JY-00000-00003479-00004136 Hey everybody it's Cory for Moore Music and Mooreguitars.com. I'm Ed. This is my good friend +MuGtz-pt0JY-00001-00004136-00005072 Ed, guitar ambassador extraordinaire, and today we have some lovely wood library guitars from +MuGtz-pt0JY-00002-00005072-00005872 a run that we did at Paul Reed Smith. Brett and I went there in february of 2020 before the pandemic +MuGtz-pt0JY-00003-00005872-00006648 struck really hard and kind of crippled travel and being able to visit places like that, but +MuGtz-pt0JY-00004-00006648-00007480 we went and we spent several hours most of a full day picking out some wonderful tops and designing +MuGtz-pt0JY-00005-00007480-00008144 some guitars. And this is the culmination of that trip. These are some PRS custom 24s. +MuGtz-pt0JY-00006-00008256-00009072 We chose to call this run the Blackout Run - the idea being it is as metal and as rock and +MuGtz-pt0JY-00007-00009072-00009984 roll as we could possibly make it by adding smoked chrome hardwar, black bezels around the pickups. +MuGtz-pt0JY-00008-00009984-00010664 We went with 85/15 pickups in here. A little more aggressive and definitely have the look. +MuGtz-pt0JY-00009-00010808-00011624 One really noticeable thing about this guitar is not only are the tops one particular color, +MuGtz-pt0JY-00010-00011624-00012192 this one's Ariza Verde but you can also see that the necks are the exact same color +MuGtz-pt0JY-00011-00012288-00012760 and so you have this really neat effect when you're holding the guitar. As you look down +MuGtz-pt0JY-00012-00012760-00013424 the guitar the body and the neck are all one color, and then the back and the fingerboard +MuGtz-pt0JY-00013-00013424-00013984 on that particular guitar and a couple others in the run are black leading into black. This one +MuGtz-pt0JY-00014-00013984-00014672 happens to be a really nice one-piece mahogany back and sides. Your takes on this guitar, Ed? +MuGtz-pt0JY-00015-00014672-00015312 I love it! I love the color. I love this one. You don't see often one-piece tops like this and +MuGtz-pt0JY-00016-00015424-00016984 yeah i just really... out of the box these things played great. +MuGtz-pt0JY-00017-00017136-00017416 Kind of makes you want to play like that. It'll even play (country lick) uh +MuGtz-pt0JY-00018-00018136-00018504 yeah that's right. I'm a little bit country he's a little bit rock and roll. +MuGtz-pt0JY-00019-00018504-00018776 it's how we how we work so well together. +MuGtz-pt0JY-00020-00019000-00019528 They had, at that time, they had an amazing selection of woods in the wood library, and it's +MuGtz-pt0JY-00021-00019528-00020024 kind of always ...not necessarily a crapshoot, because they've always got good wood in the +MuGtz-pt0JY-00022-00020024-00020784 wood library. It's just a matter of how much they have and we came across so much really nice pieces +MuGtz-pt0JY-00023-00020784-00021760 that we had gone in thinking that we were going to build about 15 to 25 guitars we ended up doing 35. +MuGtz-pt0JY-00024-00021760-00022400 This run, i believe, there's seven of these blackouts that are on the way or are either here. +MuGtz-pt0JY-00025-00022472-00023144 We've got a couple in the background back here you can see - some really really nice tops on those. +MuGtz-pt0JY-00026-00023240-00023816 Let me pull... let me pull this one down here and yeah you can see +MuGtz-pt0JY-00027-00023928-00024496 we tried to select some interesting pieces. This one has some really really cool almost +MuGtz-pt0JY-00028-00024704-00025328 chevron and not chevron graining pattern in here. And again, the necks on these +MuGtz-pt0JY-00029-00025328-00025976 they all have flame maple necks. They have the empty birds on the ebony fingerboard, +MuGtz-pt0JY-00030-00025976-00026736 which i think is a really really nice touch along with the smoke chrome hardware. These are just +MuGtz-pt0JY-00031-00026736-00027704 some killer killer guitars, one-of-a-kind pieces. You can find all kinds of wood library selections, +MuGtz-pt0JY-00032-00027704-00028536 and these are like little snowflakes or unicorns. They're one of a kind and just for you, +MuGtz-pt0JY-00033-00028536-00029583 so check them out at Mooreguitars.com or Moore Music in Evansville, Indiana. +MuUXe-aHZPU-00000-00001279-00001570 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00001-00001570-00001770 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00002-00001770-00001820 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00003-00001820-00001870 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00004-00001876-00002076 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00005-00002076-00002126 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00006-00002169-00002219 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00007-00002219-00002269 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00008-00002269-00002319 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00009-00002319-00002369 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00010-00002400-00002600 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00011-00002600-00002650 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00012-00002683-00002883 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00013-00002883-00002933 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00014-00002933-00002983 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00015-00003005-00003055 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00016-00003055-00003105 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00017-00003105-00003155 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00018-00004146-00004196 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00019-00004196-00004246 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00020-00011343-00011543 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00021-00011543-00011593 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00022-00012192-00012392 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MuUXe-aHZPU-00023-00012392-00012442 Yami Gautam UNSEEN Hot Edit Compilation Photoshoot | Latest Photoshoot | Behind the Scenes Photos +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00000-00001221-00001553 Hi everyone my name is Kristen, and I'm a junior here at Macaulay +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00001-00001585-00001940 I'm here today to talk to you a little bit about getting started on your Macaulay +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00002-00001963-00002505 Application to ensure that you have ample time to complete it and review it before our December first deadline +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00003-00002559-00002921 To access the Macaulay application search us on the web +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00004-00003177-00003599 Once you've found our webpage go to our home page and select menu +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00005-00003760-00004221 Then under the admission section select applying to Macaulay and +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00006-00004468-00004673 Finally select apply now +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00007-00005004-00005755 You'll then be directed to the CUNY undergraduate application page if you don't already have a CUNY portal account be sure to make one and +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00008-00005780-00006103 If you already do login with your username and password +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00009-00006330-00006961 Once you're logged in be sure to select the honors college option and then list six CUNY schools in the order of your preference +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00010-00007070-00007744 Along with your application you'll be submitting two letters of recommendation and two essay responses to the Macaulay essay prompts +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00011-00008006-00008369 While your SAT and ACT scores, your transcript, and your +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00012-00008400-00008972 extracurriculars are crucial to your application the essays and the recommendation letters play a large role when your +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00013-00008982-00009403 Applications are being reviewed by admissions, so be sure to spend a lot of time working on those +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00014-00009558-00010171 We'll be posting videos about how to create a great essay and how to receive the best recommendation letter soon so be on the lookout +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00015-00010311-00010792 The most important thing to remember when filling out your application is to have fun and be yourself +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00016-00010818-00011023 Everyone here at Macaulay is rooting for you +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00017-00011024-00011543 If you have any questions about the application or general questions about Macaulay send us a direct message +MvdCvsRZ_rc-00018-00011543-00011869 And we'll be happy to help you. Thanks for watching and good luck! +MwQW6RqGfT4-00000-00000552-00001256 Glenorky is a very special word to me i have been to New Zealand south island quite a few times +MwQW6RqGfT4-00001-00001256-00001968 and every time i never miss queenstown while in queenstown i never miss glenocky the word Glenorky +MwQW6RqGfT4-00002-00001968-00002848 to me is a very beautiful word and the word itself is melodious and i always think about something in +MwQW6RqGfT4-00003-00002848-00003511 the fairy tale and something very beautiful as in a beautiful picture drawn by a famous artist +MwQW6RqGfT4-00004-00003640-00004304 the town Glenorky is exactly why i imagined the smell the atmosphere in Glenorky fit +MwQW6RqGfT4-00005-00004304-00004976 my imagination for the word glenorky the weather here is always beautiful every time i'm here the +MwQW6RqGfT4-00006-00004976-00005680 sky is always blue with plenty of sunshine and yet cool a gentle breeze finish up my +MwQW6RqGfT4-00007-00005680-00006240 perfect description of this little town with the beautiful snow caped mountain in the background of +MwQW6RqGfT4-00008-00006240-00006831 glenocky town you can imagine how beautiful it is even you have never been here before +MwQW6RqGfT4-00009-00006976-00007631 it is indeed no word can describe no matter a famous film called the lord of the rings +MwQW6RqGfT4-00010-00007631-00008256 was filmed here years ago and many other famous hollywood films were +MwQW6RqGfT4-00011-00008256-00009984 also filmed here Glenorky is about 45 minutes from queenstown by car +MwQW6RqGfT4-00012-00012552-00013096 driving further inwards you will reach a town called paradise Paradise +MwQW6RqGfT4-00013-00013096-00013736 is a cattle and sheep raising ground plus fantastic scenery second next to Glenorky +MwQW6RqGfT4-00014-00013856-00014352 i feel fresh air as i reach this beautiful place and can't wait to get out of the +MwQW6RqGfT4-00015-00014352-00015047 cars and experience the calm and tranquil surrounding even the fresh air i breathe in +MwQW6RqGfT4-00016-00015047-00015888 was so sweet and refreshing after a long drive from queenstown as you reach paradise +MwQW6RqGfT4-00017-00015888-00016568 this is the end further inward no car can reach anymore the rest of the journey +MwQW6RqGfT4-00018-00016568-00017176 can only reach on foot by track and i certainly will not do it this time perhaps next time +MwQW6RqGfT4-00019-00017312-00017944 paradise is quite isolated from the other towns there are hardly any cars or people around here +MwQW6RqGfT4-00020-00018072-00018616 all you can see are the cattle the beautiful snowy mountains and landscapes that's all +MwQW6RqGfT4-00021-00018784-00019784 and this is the day i am looking for +MwQW6RqGfT4-00022-00022872-00023984 so +MwQW6RqGfT4-00023-00024408-00025384 so +MwQW6RqGfT4-00024-00025816-00025824 you +MyA_JZGollE-00000-00000000-00000100 Jeremy watches +MyA_JZGollE-00001-00000100-00000406 as his new goldfish swims around in the tank +MyA_JZGollE-00002-00000406-00000650 he drops a pinch of fish food into the tank +MyA_JZGollE-00003-00000650-00000890 and watches as his fish swims towards it +MyA_JZGollE-00004-00000890-00001100 the goldfish unhinges its jaw +MyA_JZGollE-00005-00001100-00001363 and draws in all the food in one mouthful +MyA_JZGollE-00006-00001363-00001623 Jeremy is amazed at what he just witnessed +MyA_JZGollE-00007-00001626-00001789 but his a quickly turns to fear +MyA_JZGollE-00008-00001789-00002003 as the goldfish turns to face him +MyA_JZGollE-00009-00002003-00002163 its jaw still unhinged +MyA_JZGollE-00010-00002170-00002503 he watches as the tiny little fish begins to mutate +MyA_JZGollE-00011-00002503-00002723 its body growing larger and larger +MyA_JZGollE-00012-00002723-00002950 until it can no longer fit in the tank +MyA_JZGollE-00013-00002950-00003193 its fins now transformed into tentacles +MyA_JZGollE-00014-00003223-00003543 the fish pulls itself up and onto the top of the tank +MyA_JZGollE-00015-00003543-00003870 its bulbous eyes land on Jeremy for a brief moment +MyA_JZGollE-00016-00003870-00004046 before it leaps towards him +MyA_JZGollE-00017-00004046-00004150 Jeremy screams +MyA_JZGollE-00018-00004150-00004486 as razor sharp teeth devour every inch of his body +MyA_JZGollE-00019-00004486-00004713 the only thing left behind by the fish +MyA_JZGollE-00020-00004713-00004966 would be a set of glasses worn by Jeremy +MzMUK85jtIE-00000-00000310-00000840 Today, let me chopping kukri made ​​in the forge. +MzMUK85jtIE-00001-00000844-00001514 Hand-lap winding tree. Count how many times do the cutting. +MzMUK85jtIE-00002-00001598-00003440 kung kung +MzMUK85jtIE-00003-00003510-00004026 cuted to five times in ten. +MzMUK85jtIE-00004-00004274-00004898 This thick trees. +MzMUK85jtIE-00005-00004922-00005556 Performance is excellent. +MMWKjphWThA-00000-00000048-00000066 foreign +MMWKjphWThA-00001-00001098-00001716 ly in my shower and I'm filming for PNG and I just dumped water on my head +MMWKjphWThA-00002-00001907-00002346 in other news I got a kitten I am so excited to share with you +MMWKjphWThA-00003-00002346-00002688 guys I have like little marks all over me let me get dressed +MMWKjphWThA-00004-00002850-00004002 gotta pick out what to wear knowing a kitty might pee on me gorgeous this is little Lewis +MMWKjphWThA-00005-00004416-00005040 so under why I have this two week old kitten I didn't find him um someone came into my husband's +MMWKjphWThA-00006-00005040-00005484 work and they were in desperate need of help because I had all of these little kittens that +MMWKjphWThA-00007-00005484-00006078 they found at a trailer park but I agreed to take on this responsibility and have a new +MMWKjphWThA-00008-00006078-00006684 member even though our cat Santana doesn't like other cats but doesn't like other full-grown cats +MMWKjphWThA-00009-00006684-00007206 so we were like okay if we ever were gonna get a second cat we'd have to do a kitten and then +MMWKjphWThA-00010-00007206-00007650 the opportunity presented itself now we have Lewis it took us a while with the name but +MMWKjphWThA-00011-00007650-00008118 I picked Lewis because of H2O just Add Water and we like Louie we're going to need a kitten +MMWKjphWThA-00012-00008250-00008604 oh I bit my chin but he doesn't even have teeth +MMWKjphWThA-00013-00008814-00009678 got him some supplies at PetSmart I got you your first toy you like them we got Chicken +MMWKjphWThA-00014-00009678-00010026 Salad Chick this is our tradition whenever we adopt a cat apparently +MMWKjphWThA-00015-00011568-00011964 thank you I was so excited when I first got him and I asked you guys +MMWKjphWThA-00016-00011964-00012348 for names and you came up with some really good ones so let's see some of +MMWKjphWThA-00017-00012348-00012798 my favorites Barry we actually thought of Baron because he is a tuxedo cat so +MMWKjphWThA-00018-00012798-00013380 he'll look really Regal but then it just wasn't really sticking Henry Panda Oliver +MMWKjphWThA-00019-00013482-00014106 otter he does look like a little otter right now Pikachu Tyler likes Pikachu look look her brother +MMWKjphWThA-00020-00014340-00014862 oops but yeah it's been a learning curve when we got him +MMWKjphWThA-00021-00014862-00015222 we were like Googling everything because it was it was not like something that we +MMWKjphWThA-00022-00015222-00015576 planned on or anything like that you have to like even help them pee like +MMWKjphWThA-00023-00015576-00016097 they don't even know how to pee on their own so that's been interesting you pee on me yeah +MMWKjphWThA-00024-00016230-00016764 they said burp like a babies yeah +MMWKjphWThA-00025-00017148-00017682 oh look how big his belly is tell them oh look at that +MMWKjphWThA-00026-00018216-00018462 yeah it's like screaming and wiggling +MMWKjphWThA-00027-00018888-00019692 oh he's gonna do both oh oh it's gonna be so great for you oh he's like he's trying good boy +MMWKjphWThA-00028-00020160-00020670 I also just applied press-on nails so I have a kitty these are cute these are from Korea +MMWKjphWThA-00029-00020856-00021396 see all my cuts it's Lunar New Year so I'm gonna show you a +MMWKjphWThA-00030-00021396-00021966 PR gift that I got that is Lunar New Year themed and it's gorgeous foreign +MMWKjphWThA-00031-00022398-00022722 the favorite I've heard about this one but I've never tried it +MMWKjphWThA-00032-00023850-00024522 so cute oh my gosh I haven't done a coolest Kitchen in a while so I thought I would show +MMWKjphWThA-00033-00024522-00025194 you my go-to meal right now for these salmon wraps we've air fried salmon I actually don't +MMWKjphWThA-00034-00025194-00025854 know how to do that Tyler always does it bye lemon pepper this tastes so good on +MMWKjphWThA-00035-00025854-00026195 salmon and even if you don't put it on when you're cooking it you can put it on after +MMWKjphWThA-00036-00026874-00027066 I also usually make this a little bit more +MMWKjphWThA-00037-00027066-00027342 aesthetically pleasing but I'm actually so hungry right now +MMWKjphWThA-00038-00028127-00029039 try this one if you love salmon and rice and this sauce specifically it's like an +MMWKjphWThA-00039-00029039-00029592 upgraded version I love it I'm gonna go give this to Tyler and check on her little baby +MMWKjphWThA-00040-00029939-00030545 okay so you saw some clips from the first week we've been just looking at um the kitten ladies +MMWKjphWThA-00041-00030545-00030948 videos to help us out whenever we don't know what we're doing but I thought I would do a little +MMWKjphWThA-00042-00030948-00031350 haul that's why I'm on the ground and I have some stuff that we have bought for the kitten +MMWKjphWThA-00043-00031350-00031877 so at first we were bottle feeding him just with this kitten milk replacer he used to not be that +MMWKjphWThA-00044-00031877-00032370 aggressive but then we learned we had to wrap him because he was killing us with his claws to do a +MMWKjphWThA-00045-00032370-00033054 little burrito and I have to do it a little tight or he just gets out I'm sorry this is Snuggie +MMWKjphWThA-00046-00033384-00033618 and you can tell he's doing it when his little ears are wiggling +MMWKjphWThA-00047-00034398-00034518 his little face +MMWKjphWThA-00048-00035586-00035820 this is gonna be the cutest Vlog ever I know +MMWKjphWThA-00049-00036078-00036414 hope they're all good boy say hi +MMWKjphWThA-00050-00036912-00037464 oh he likes to do this oh oh where's he going is that fun +MMWKjphWThA-00051-00037734-00038412 I can't even see where he is oh let go he's been retrieved you're crazy +MMWKjphWThA-00052-00039360-00039762 I can see his eyes turning a bit green I think and now we're weaning him off +MMWKjphWThA-00053-00039762-00040410 just the milk so we're adding this um wet food into the formula shake it in a mixer +MMWKjphWThA-00054-00040410-00041010 bottle and then still feed him with the bottle got these bowls for later and my +MMWKjphWThA-00055-00041010-00041370 mom crocheted me this cat and little did we know we would get a tuxedo cat later +MMWKjphWThA-00056-00041904-00042222 this is dewormer and you put it in their food at certain weeks +MMWKjphWThA-00057-00042276-00042786 this warmer was recommended by the kitten lady and it just stays warm for a really long time +MMWKjphWThA-00058-00042786-00043170 this is what it looks like we started him with this Kitty bed but he quickly +MMWKjphWThA-00059-00043170-00043578 outgrew it we put him in kind of a tupperware with blankets but he opened that really fast +MMWKjphWThA-00060-00044136-00044562 then I got him this pop-up playpen it's worked out really well +MMWKjphWThA-00061-00044682-00045072 I don't know if you guys can see but there is an animal crossing baby blanket in there +MMWKjphWThA-00062-00045630-00046080 and we knew Lewis was ready for the litter box because he sat up and peed on me instead of like +MMWKjphWThA-00063-00046080-00046602 wiggling around and uh we just placed him in the litter box moved his paws and that's been that +MMWKjphWThA-00064-00046602-00047052 like that's one of the easiest Parts about cats that I love overall the whole experience in the +MMWKjphWThA-00065-00047052-00047616 past couple weeks has been that it was a lot more than I anticipated I had no idea he was +MMWKjphWThA-00066-00047616-00048048 gonna need Around the Clock hair when I agreed to it so we have not had a lot of sleep but it +MMWKjphWThA-00067-00048048-00048384 has been very rewarding and I mean kittens just grow up really fast so he's already +MMWKjphWThA-00068-00048474-00048708 um like more independent kind of rambunctious +MMWKjphWThA-00069-00049296-00049464 foreign +MMWKjphWThA-00070-00051054-00051114 oh no +MMWKjphWThA-00071-00051690-00052248 but it's just been such a different experience because I've always adopted full cats like full +MMWKjphWThA-00072-00052248-00052662 grown cats we went to a place called frisky Cat Cafe we got to meet a bunch of different +MMWKjphWThA-00073-00052662-00053136 cats and see their personalities and Santana was a great fit we have no idea what this +MMWKjphWThA-00074-00053136-00053616 kitten's gonna be like but hopefully they do get along I'm hoping that they become best friends +MMWKjphWThA-00075-00053616-00054240 right now Santana will come over and sniff him sometimes hiss and walk away um but I +MMWKjphWThA-00076-00054240-00054810 think it just takes time speaking of Santana my friend Reagan got me a sweater that says karma +MMWKjphWThA-00077-00054810-00055391 is a cat with Santana on it for Christmas like how cute is that I'm gonna put it on +MMWKjphWThA-00078-00055776-00056279 oh I wanted to add my biggest mistake so far playing with the kitten with your hands it's +MMWKjphWThA-00079-00056279-00056766 really hard not to do it because they're just so small and like fun to play with but now my +MMWKjphWThA-00080-00056766-00057455 kitten thinks my hands are toys and literally is destroying me like biting the crap out of me oh +MMWKjphWThA-00081-00057552-00058326 wait and we're trying to give him like chew toys make him bite something else but he really likes +MMWKjphWThA-00082-00058326-00058955 biting me so I have to really work on that if you ever Foster a kitten or taken care of like +MMWKjphWThA-00083-00058955-00059466 a really young cat do not let them bite your hands because when the big teeth come in I'm so scared +MMWKjphWThA-00084-00059466-00059976 thanks for watching this cat Vlog if you enjoyed it be sure to let me know in the comments and if +MMWKjphWThA-00085-00059976-00060450 you have any Kitty tips also leave them down below for everyone to read and I'll see you in +MMWKjphWThA-00086-00060450-00060984 my next video bye also you can watch the Santana adoption Vlog we didn't choose the name Santana +MMWKjphWThA-00087-00060984-00061422 so if you hear me saying tan or tantan that's just the nickname yes anyways see you in my next video +MMWKjphWThA-00088-00061704-00062040 foreign +MOqQMAru0EI-00000-00000359-00000800 "وان شيلد" هو أداة تسمح للمستخدمين ببناء مشاريعهم الخاصة باستخدام هواتفهم الذكية +MOqQMAru0EI-00001-00000800-00001000 حتى يتمكنوا من السيطرة على الأغراض في منازلهم +MOqQMAru0EI-00002-00001050-00001467 على سبيل المثال، بدلاً من شراء منتج يمكّنك من التشغيل الآلي لمنزلك +MOqQMAru0EI-00003-00001467-00001560 يمكنك بناءه بنفسك +MOqQMAru0EI-00004-00001660-00001800 فمثلا بتصفيق يديك تقوم بتشغيل الضوء +MOqQMAru0EI-00005-00001850-00002100 وتخترق نظام مكيف الهواء الخاص بك وإلى اخره +MOqQMAru0EI-00006-00002150-00002300 إسمي عامر صالح وأنا الرئيس التنفيذي ال"إنتجريت" +MOqQMAru0EI-00007-00002300-00002800 وما نقوم به هو أننا نساعد الصانعين وهواة الإلكترونيات +MOqQMAru0EI-00008-00002800-00002900 على بناء مشاريعهم بأسلوب أسهل وأسرع +MOqQMAru0EI-00009-00002950-00003100 عن طريق استخدام تقنية "وانشيلد" +MOqQMAru0EI-00010-00003150-00003400 بدأت حركة الصانعين منذ حوالي 10 سنوات +MOqQMAru0EI-00011-00003500-00003800 بعد تصاعد شعبية معدات تمكن المستخدم أن يبني منتنج بنفسه +MOqQMAru0EI-00012-00003828-00004194 وتدريجيا تم إدخال أجهزة الاستشعار والطابعات الثلاثية الأبعاد +MOqQMAru0EI-00013-00004194-00004540 هذه الحركة تأثيرها واسع و هي تمتد الآن إلى الشرق الأوسط +MOqQMAru0EI-00014-00004540-00005100 الشيء الذي أوحانا أن ندعم هذه الحركة مع أدوات ومنتجات مثل "وان شيلد" +MOqQMAru0EI-00015-00005100-00005200 وغيرها من المنتجات +MOqQMAru0EI-00016-00005360-00005656 ونحن نعمل حاليا على منتج ثاني استنادا إلى التكنولوجيا المستخدمة نفسها في"وان شيلد" +MOqQMAru0EI-00017-00005800-00006100 سوف يكون نظاما يدعم مجتمع الصانعين +MOqQMAru0EI-00018-00006150-00006500 ويهدف أيضاً إلى مساعدة المزيد من الناس في دخول هذه الحركة +MOqQMAru0EI-00019-00006500-00006800 حيث يمكنهم استكشاف مختلف التقنيات والترميز في طريقة أسهل +MTI0gPDRavI-00000-00000134-00000254 Hey guys its thumbs up +MTI0gPDRavI-00001-00000254-00000522 I got a huge annoucement +MTI0gPDRavI-00002-00000588-00000736 I have my very own website +MTI0gPDRavI-00003-00000750-00000800 now +MTI0gPDRavI-00004-00000877-00000953 yes.. its real +MTI0gPDRavI-00005-00001172-00001410 the link to that website is in the discription +MTI0gPDRavI-00006-00001450-00001500 its also right here +MTI0gPDRavI-00007-00001502-00001628 if you wanna check that out now +MTI0gPDRavI-00008-00001700-00001812 go to it right now +MTI0gPDRavI-00009-00001928-00001992 its great +MTI0gPDRavI-00010-00001992-00002088 and we got some +MTI0gPDRavI-00011-00002302-00002470 never before seen videos +MTI0gPDRavI-00012-00002570-00002770 that i havent put on my channel +MTI0gPDRavI-00013-00002780-00002972 so go ahead and check that out +MTI0gPDRavI-00014-00002972-00003022 and yea +MTI0gPDRavI-00015-00003046-00003254 make sure to like and subscribe +MTI0gPDRavI-00016-00003272-00003332 and thanks for watching +MW68j-GE0d4-00001-00004755-00007583 saarasaaksha nEra mEmi maarubaari kOrvalEraa +MYLPFkP-0h8-00000-00000221-00000792 so humans are causing all sorts of ground deformation particularly when +MYLPFkP-0h8-00001-00000792-00001379 we're extracting resources such as oil gas coal and even water from the earth's +MYLPFkP-0h8-00002-00001379-00002018 sub-surface when we do that the surface responds to that as you can respond even +MYLPFkP-0h8-00003-00002018-00002402 when we've stopped extracting the resources so in the UK large regions +MYLPFkP-0h8-00004-00002402-00002903 that were former coal mining regions are uplifting now in response to the fact +MYLPFkP-0h8-00005-00002903-00003417 that we've stopped pumping water after the ground now we want to be able to +MYLPFkP-0h8-00006-00003417-00003747 know how much that ground is moving because it has real effects on +MYLPFkP-0h8-00007-00003747-00004248 communities living above those those regions of ground deformation if your +MYLPFkP-0h8-00008-00004248-00004695 houses is on one of these regions that's subsiding then you might get a damage to +MYLPFkP-0h8-00009-00004695-00005139 the property for example and so and there are things we can do to stop that +MYLPFkP-0h8-00010-00005139-00005652 sort of that subsidence happening for example if we're extracting gas we might +MYLPFkP-0h8-00011-00005652-00006192 be able to pump in water or other fluids to compensate for the gas extraction so +MYLPFkP-0h8-00012-00006192-00006765 the surface remains relatively stable the first step in being able to do +MYLPFkP-0h8-00013-00006765-00007163 anything about it is knowing how much ground deformation is taking place now +MYLPFkP-0h8-00014-00007163-00007673 conventionally we would do that by making surface measurements using +MYLPFkP-0h8-00015-00007673-00008301 traditional geodetic methods such as leveling or using GPS techniques on the +MYLPFkP-0h8-00016-00008301-00008631 ground but these are very time-consuming and they also only give us information +MYLPFkP-0h8-00017-00008631-00009113 at points where some individual surveyor has been able to get you on the ground +MYLPFkP-0h8-00018-00009113-00009549 with satellite radar techniques we can look at a whole region that might be +MYLPFkP-0h8-00019-00009549-00010215 affected by surface subsidence due to resource extraction we can get detailed +MYLPFkP-0h8-00020-00010215-00010724 time histories of points using techniques such as persistence scatterer +MYLPFkP-0h8-00021-00010724-00011283 interferometry and we can then give that information to the companies that are +MYLPFkP-0h8-00022-00011283-00011727 extracting the resources or to the organizations responsible responsible +MYLPFkP-0h8-00023-00011727-00012315 for monitoring that extraction and they can use that to work out what mitigation +MYLPFkP-0h8-00024-00012315-00013061 techniques are required to prevent any damage caused by the resource extraction +MeDYdrwUIxY-00000-00000003-00000590 Welcome to daily headlines your fastest news reporter please subscribe and check the notification bell to get latest news +MeDYdrwUIxY-00001-00000606-00000926 updated president Donald Trump has pardoned Former, Maricopa +MeDYdrwUIxY-00002-00000949-00001682 County Sheriff Joe Arpaio whose decades of racial profiling of Latinos Sparked widespread backlash of a misdemeanor criminal +MeDYdrwUIxY-00003-00001698-00001898 contempt of court conviction +MeDYdrwUIxY-00004-00001914-00002115 Throughout his time as sheriff arpaio +MeDYdrwUIxY-00005-00002176-00002963 Continued his life's work of protecting the public from the scourge of crime and illegal immigration a white house statement released Friday evening read in +MeDYdrwUIxY-00006-00002964-00003055 part +MeDYdrwUIxY-00007-00003055-00003815 Sheriff Joe Arpaio is now 85 years old and after more than 50 years of admirable service to our nation he is worthy +MeDYdrwUIxY-00008-00003832-00004032 candidate for a presidential pardon +MeDYdrwUIxY-00009-00004086-00004887 Earlier this year a federal judge charged arpaio of criminal contempt for his flagrant disregard of a 2011 order to obey the us +MeDYdrwUIxY-00010-00004923-00005438 Constitution by ceasing to racially profile latinos in his state the racial profiling +MeDYdrwUIxY-00011-00005485-00005762 lawsuit against Arpaio first filed in +MeDYdrwUIxY-00012-00005842-00006384 2007 has racked up almost 56 million dollars in taxpayer costs since then +MeDYdrwUIxY-00013-00006447-00006926 Arpaio thanked the president in a series of tweets issued an hour and after the announcement +MeDYdrwUIxY-00014-00006961-00007487 He also asked people to donate to his legal fund the presidential pardon comes +MeDYdrwUIxY-00015-00007488-00007992 Just days after trump in at multiple times that he would pursue a pardon for arpaio +MeDYdrwUIxY-00016-00008034-00008537 I'll make a prediction. I think arpaio is going to be just fine, okay +MeDYdrwUIxY-00017-00008640-00008966 But I won't do it tonight because I don't want to cause any +MeDYdrwUIxY-00018-00008997-00009455 Controversy the president teased the audience at a Tuesday night Rally in Phoenix, Arizona +MeDYdrwUIxY-00019-00009535-00009735 Which sheriff Joe can feel good? +MeDYdrwUIxY-00020-00009772-00010373 The sheriff has credited conspiracy theorist Alex Jones for helping convince trump to take up his case +MeDYdrwUIxY-00021-00010447-00010889 During his time as sheriff arpaio and his deputies routinely detain suspected +MeDYdrwUIxY-00022-00010942-00011322 undocumented immigrants to Hold for Potential deportation proceedings +MeDYdrwUIxY-00023-00011379-00011999 He has detained immigrants people of Latino origin and even us citizens for hours without a warrant +MeDYdrwUIxY-00024-00012043-00012401 He rose to national notoriety for making people wear pink underwear +MeDYdrwUIxY-00025-00012427-00012914 enforcing detainees to stay in tent City an outdoor Detention facility open year-round +MeDYdrwUIxY-00026-00012992-00013736 The Jail is overseen by our Pal who brags about being the country's toughest sheriff have alarmingly high suicide rates +MeDYdrwUIxY-00027-00013786-00014348 In pardoning Joe arpaio trump further Clarifies his twisted view of what America should look like +MeDYdrwUIxY-00028-00014394-00015044 judith Brown Dynasts the executive director of Advancement projects national Office said in a statement +MeDYdrwUIxY-00029-00015103-00015314 He envisions a country where white +MeDYdrwUIxY-00030-00015331-00015935 Nationalists get a nod from the white house and rogue cops are encouraged to abuse their power and profile people of color +MeDYdrwUIxY-00031-00015997-00016442 This move signals to police that even if the courts find them guilty of racial profiling +MeDYdrwUIxY-00032-00016473-00016748 They will have the backing of the president of the United States +MeDYdrwUIxY-00033-00016840-00017234 This is yet another drastic Moral and leadership failure from trump +MeDYdrwUIxY-00034-00017290-00017690 Some legal experts have argued that trump's decision to Pardon Arpaio +MeDYdrwUIxY-00035-00017706-00018303 which essentially sends the signal that the rule of law doesn't matter when it comes to policies affecting immigrants and +MeDYdrwUIxY-00036-00018322-00018611 Latinos could be considered an impeachable offense +MeDYdrwUIxY-00037-00018667-00019259 It's one thing to pardon a criminal out of a sense of mercy or on the belief that he has paid his debt to society +MeDYdrwUIxY-00038-00019320-00019763 Harvard law professor Noah Feldman wrote in a bloomberg piece earlier this month +MeDYdrwUIxY-00039-00019804-00020585 it's trickier when the president pardons someone who violated the law in pursuit of governmental policy the way George hw bush pardoned the +MeDYdrwUIxY-00040-00020598-00020903 Iran-Contra participants including Oliver North +MeDYdrwUIxY-00041-00020965-00021623 but it would be an altogether different matter of trump pardoned arpaio for Willfully refusing to Follow the constitution and +MeDYdrwUIxY-00042-00021645-00021860 Violating the rights of people inside the u.s. +MeDYdrwUIxY-00043-00021860-00021928 in +MeDYdrwUIxY-00044-00021928-00022358 a statement released shortly after the white house's move to issue the Pardon A +MeDYdrwUIxY-00045-00022372-00022928 Spokesperson from the Department of Justice said that trump exercised his lawful authority and we respect his decision +MeDYdrwUIxY-00046-00023013-00023480 This is a breaking story and has been updated as additional information emerged +MfLu08UjUCu-00000-00000000-00000200 Sponge Bob Square Pants The Cosmic Shake Part #2 +MfcwgiyArp4-00000-00000064-00000440 two new videos are gonna come now. i'm really sorry but i have to hit +MfcwgiyArp4-00001-00000440-00000776 myself five times, just because i'm going to be an information example. +MfcwgiyArp4-00002-00000776-00001352 i'm so excited about this, and that's all because i have rules for this tomorrow. i'll +MfcwgiyArp4-00003-00001352-00001944 completely stop hitting myself, and i'll allow no more than one hit the next day after that. +Mh1Zw8Kanbo-00000-00000000-00000200 12 +Mh1Zw8Kanbo-00001-00004835-00005035 22 +Mhisk_5LSrM-00000-00000000-00000312 A technique for visualizing E. coli chromosomes +Mhisk_5LSrM-00001-00000312-00000636 both confirmed semiconservative replication and +Mhisk_5LSrM-00002-00000636-00001000 eliminated new replication riddles. So let's look at the +Mhisk_5LSrM-00003-00001000-00001338 E. coli chromosome. John Cairns in Scotland hit on +Mhisk_5LSrM-00004-00001338-00001592 the idea that if he allowed E. coli cells to grow on +Mhisk_5LSrM-00005-00001592-00001857 medium containing a radioactive nucleotide, +Mhisk_5LSrM-00006-00001857-00002247 in this case tritiated thymidine, or H-3 thymidine, +Mhisk_5LSrM-00007-00002247-00002509 the cells would make radioactive DNA, which he +Mhisk_5LSrM-00008-00002510-00002792 could then visualize by a technique known as electron +Mhisk_5LSrM-00009-00002792-00003090 microscope autoradiography. Here's how it was done. +Mhisk_5LSrM-00010-00003090-00003372 Cells were incubated with the thymidine for several +Mhisk_5LSrM-00011-00003372-00003646 generations so that all the cells eventually contained +Mhisk_5LSrM-00012-00003646-00003979 radioactive DNA. The incubated cells were caused to +Mhisk_5LSrM-00013-00003979-00004404 lyse slowly in a dialysis bag. The slow lysis prevented +Mhisk_5LSrM-00014-00004404-00004798 damage to the DNA, and lysis was done in a dialysis bag +Mhisk_5LSrM-00015-00004798-00005160 because DNA sticks to cellulose, which old fashioned +Mhisk_5LSrM-00016-00005160-00005446 dialysis bags were made of. So after the radioactive +Mhisk_5LSrM-00017-00005446-00005764 DNA stuck to the walls of the dialysis bags, Cairns +Mhisk_5LSrM-00018-00005764-00006042 emptied the bag and cut the casing into small pieces. +Mhisk_5LSrM-00019-00006042-00006390 He placed the small pieces on an electron microscopy +Mhisk_5LSrM-00020-00006390-00006790 grid. He then poured melted film emulsion on +Mhisk_5LSrM-00021-00006790-00007173 the casing on the grids. Now film emulsion is the light, +Mhisk_5LSrM-00022-00007173-00007438 or radiation-sensitive stuff that coats traditional +Mhisk_5LSrM-00023-00007438-00007814 photographic film. After sufficient time for exposure, +Mhisk_5LSrM-00024-00007814-00008108 the casing with the emulsion on the electron +Mhisk_5LSrM-00025-00008108-00008456 microscope grid was developed, just like real film +Mhisk_5LSrM-00026-00008456-00008650 would be developed. And the image, called an +Mhisk_5LSrM-00027-00008650-00008869 autoradiograph, could be seen in the electron +Mhisk_5LSrM-00028-00008870-00009186 microscope. This slide illustrates what Cairns saw. +Mhisk_5LSrM-00029-00009186-00009514 The black dots are grains of silver that were exposed +Mhisk_5LSrM-00030-00009514-00009742 and developed in the emulsion. There were some +Mhisk_5LSrM-00031-00009742-00010132 circular arrays of dots and some circles with attached, +Mhisk_5LSrM-00032-00010132-00010410 call them partial circles..., and Cairns realized that +Mhisk_5LSrM-00033-00010410-00010704 he was looking at silver tracks exposed by the +Mhisk_5LSrM-00034-00010704-00011038 E. coli DNA lying under the emulsion. Remember. +Mhisk_5LSrM-00035-00011038-00011342 all the DNA was radioactive. Now microbiologists +Mhisk_5LSrM-00036-00011342-00011612 had already provided evidence that the chromosome +Mhisk_5LSrM-00037-00011612-00011883 of E. coli was in fact a closed circular DNA molecule. +Mhisk_5LSrM-00038-00011988-00012314 But this was visual proof of what was until then, +Mhisk_5LSrM-00039-00012314-00012628 an abstract understanding. Cairns measured +Mhisk_5LSrM-00040-00012628-00013062 the circumferencees of these various circles and +Mhisk_5LSrM-00041-00013062-00013366 he found that, what he would call complete circles, +Mhisk_5LSrM-00042-00013366-00013708 that show up in blue or red here, always measured +Mhisk_5LSrM-00043-00013708-00014236 1.36 nm in circumference, consistent with the length +Mhisk_5LSrM-00044-00014236-00014512 expected for a double stranded DNA molecule +Mhisk_5LSrM-00045-00014512-00014950 containing 4 million nucleotides, or 2 million nucleotide +Mhisk_5LSrM-00046-00014950-00015319 pairs (or base pairs). And that was consistent with a +Mhisk_5LSrM-00047-00015319-00015904 measured 0.044 picograms (pg) of DNA per E. coli cell. +Mhisk_5LSrM-00048-00015904-00016308 So it's quite clear that this is a visual manifestation +Mhisk_5LSrM-00049-00016308-00016640 of an E. coli chromosome. Cairns call these +Mhisk_5LSrM-00050-00016640-00016836 chromosomes 'theta images' because they looked +Mhisk_5LSrM-00051-00016836-00017176 like variations of the Greek letter theta. In this slide, +Mhisk_5LSrM-00052-00017176-00017374 we see his interpretation of a series of +Mhisk_5LSrM-00053-00017374-00017684 theta images of E. coli chromosomes in different +Mhisk_5LSrM-00054-00017684-00017988 stages of replication. He arranged the images to +Mhisk_5LSrM-00055-00017988-00018308 show DNA growing longer off an original circular DNA +Mhisk_5LSrM-00056-00018308-00018626 molecule, eventually separating into 2 circles, +Mhisk_5LSrM-00057-00018626-00018974 each of which was 1.36 nm in circumference, +Mhisk_5LSrM-00058-00018974-00019244 in other words, 2 E. coli circular chromosomes. +Mhisk_5LSrM-00059-00019244-00019518 To explain how the replication of a circular chromosome +Mhisk_5LSrM-00060-00019518-00019854 began, he postulated an origin of replication, +Mhisk_5LSrM-00061-00019854-00020146 a single point at which the double helix would begin +Mhisk_5LSrM-00062-00020148-00020432 to unwind, so that each strand could be replicated +Mhisk_5LSrM-00063-00020432-00020736 by DNA polymerase. We know now that the origin +Mhisk_5LSrM-00064-00020736-00021162 of replication in E. coli is a specific short base sequence +Mhisk_5LSrM-00065-00021162-00021618 in the chromosome called OriC. It's the job of that +Mhisk_5LSrM-00066-00021618-00021907 sequence to recognize proteins and enzymes +Mhisk_5LSrM-00067-00021908-00022194 that participate in unwinding the DNA at the +Mhisk_5LSrM-00068-00022194-00022468 origin of replication. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00000-00000752-00000974 There's a lot of wonder in the world. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00001-00000974-00001478 I tweeted and wrote about it on Facebook a story that I read which I found amazing. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00002-00001478-00002344 And that is that for the first time in the US they have managed to edit the human genome +Mi59WIuJZE8-00003-00002344-00002501 in an embryo. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00004-00002501-00003628 They've managed to go into an embryo and change its DNA and, as far as they can tell, without +Mi59WIuJZE8-00005-00003628-00003915 polluting the rest of the DNA. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00006-00003915-00004498 So this has been done in China several times but it had failed in a sense that, yes, they +Mi59WIuJZE8-00007-00004498-00005119 managed to change the one gene that they were targeting, but at the same time they changed +Mi59WIuJZE8-00008-00005119-00005257 other genes that they didn't want to. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00009-00005257-00005717 And this is for the first time, supposedly, if the study is right, and if the story is +Mi59WIuJZE8-00010-00005717-00006207 right, this is the first time where they've used this a CRISPR, which is this new technology +Mi59WIuJZE8-00011-00006207-00006856 for gene editing, where they have targeted a specific gene a gene that's defective that +Mi59WIuJZE8-00012-00006856-00007297 causes birth defects and they've managed to change it. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00013-00007297-00007922 So that theoretically, if this embryo was placed in the womb of a woman, and carried +Mi59WIuJZE8-00014-00007922-00008350 to term, it would not have a genetic defect that it was supposed to have. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00015-00008350-00008765 And they did this on over a hundred embryos. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00016-00008765-00009461 So they took they took eggs and they took sperm from males who had this genetic issue +Mi59WIuJZE8-00017-00009461-00009679 and they impregnated the eggs. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00018-00009679-00010585 And at the point of making a pregnant, in a sense, they inserted this thing, I don't +Mi59WIuJZE8-00019-00010585-00011099 understand science enough to tell you what this thing is, to change the genes. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00020-00011099-00011791 It's called this CRISPR this CRISPR is this technology and it's unbelievable, right! +Mi59WIuJZE8-00021-00011791-00012406 So you could basically take genetic diseases out there, and I would argue that, and many +Mi59WIuJZE8-00022-00012406-00012881 people have argued that, many of the diseases we have today are basically genetic, and you +Mi59WIuJZE8-00023-00012881-00013736 can manipulate the genes at the level of the embryo before it first divides so that every +Mi59WIuJZE8-00024-00013736-00014358 cell from then on has the corrected gene. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00025-00014358-00014472 I think this is amazing! +Mi59WIuJZE8-00026-00014472-00014969 Now I know, all of you out there scared, you know, what if bad guys out there get a hold +Mi59WIuJZE8-00027-00014969-00015525 of this technology - they're going to make a whole race of blue-eyed blonde Hitler Youth +Mi59WIuJZE8-00028-00015525-00015671 and so on and so forth. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00029-00015671-00016232 But yeah, they're dangerous, every technology could be used for evil and it's dangerous. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00030-00016232-00016396 But wow! +Mi59WIuJZE8-00031-00016396-00016917 I just love it when the human mind invents new ways to control nature. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00032-00016917-00017121 It is so cool! +Mi59WIuJZE8-00033-00017121-00017394 And there's so many good things that can be done here. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00034-00017394-00017827 Think about all the wonderful, wonderful things that about curing diseases that can be done +Mi59WIuJZE8-00035-00017827-00017997 here. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00036-00017997-00018540 So this is a huge advancement in technology in medicine and science and it's just terrific +Mi59WIuJZE8-00037-00018540-00019057 to see and it's terrific that, you know, we get to live and see this through. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00038-00019057-00019763 And I view it, yes, there's danger, but the benefits far, far outweigh the dangers of +Mi59WIuJZE8-00039-00019763-00019863 such stuff. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00040-00019863-00020248 It's the same with artificial intelligence and robots that people are so afraid of - even +Mi59WIuJZE8-00041-00020248-00020609 Elan Musk - the robots are going to take over the world. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00042-00020609-00020852 Cool down, man. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00043-00020852-00021327 The benefits of these things far outweigh the risks and the dangers of something bad +Mi59WIuJZE8-00044-00021327-00021427 happening. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00045-00021427-00021645 Yes, they can happen, they can happen. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00046-00021645-00021877 So could nuclear technology be used for a bomb. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00047-00021877-00022302 Yeah it was used for a bomb, but for the most part, the good guys have controlled the use +Mi59WIuJZE8-00048-00022302-00022899 of that bomb and it hasn't been used too badly, you know, in any bad way yet. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00049-00022899-00023091 Every technology can be used for evil. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00050-00023091-00023326 But I believe in human beings. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00051-00023326-00023752 I believe in our ability to create great things and do great things with technology and improve +Mi59WIuJZE8-00052-00023752-00023852 life on this planet. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00053-00023852-00024290 When we get back, I want to talk about improving life on the planet and where we are. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00054-00024290-00024728 Is life is horrible as so many people on left and right would like us to believe? +Mi59WIuJZE8-00055-00024728-00025124 You are listening to the Yaron Brook Show on theBlaze radio network. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00056-00025124-00025224 BREAK +Mi59WIuJZE8-00057-00025224-00025582 All right so we are back and unfortunately when only have five and a half minutes or +Mi59WIuJZE8-00058-00025582-00026069 so to talk about some positive things other than the gene splicing technology. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00059-00026069-00026569 But we will have to do a whole show about this because there is now new movement, if +Mi59WIuJZE8-00060-00026569-00027133 you will, among certain intellectuals called the new optimists. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00061-00027133-00027233 I like it! +Mi59WIuJZE8-00062-00027233-00027364 I think that's cool. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00063-00027364-00028027 The new optimist, it's led by mostly Europeans as many of these intellectual movements tend +Mi59WIuJZE8-00064-00028027-00028191 to be. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00065-00028191-00028901 Primarily by Johan Norberg from Sweden, Matt Ridley from the UK, and Steven Pinker, Steven +Mi59WIuJZE8-00066-00028901-00029477 think I might be an American or Brit but I'm not sure, anyway important intellectuals in +Mi59WIuJZE8-00067-00029477-00029577 our time. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00068-00029577-00030350 And their basic, the basic idea that that you optimists are advocating for is that we +Mi59WIuJZE8-00069-00030350-00031250 under report and don't seem to value all the good news that is happening all around us, +Mi59WIuJZE8-00070-00031250-00031497 all the time. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00071-00031497-00032330 For example, you know just a few things, child mortality has roughly gone down in by half +Mi59WIuJZE8-00072-00032330-00032899 since 1990, since 1990 gone down by half. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00073-00032899-00033962 An additional three hundred thousand people gain access to electricity every single day. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00074-00033962-00034777 The number of people in extreme poverty fell by a hundred thirty-seven thousand people +Mi59WIuJZE8-00075-00034777-00035227 since yesterday, so basically every day, right? +Mi59WIuJZE8-00076-00035227-00036036 So there is massive good stuff: food, sanitation, life expectancy, poverty, violence - we will +Mi59WIuJZE8-00077-00036036-00036449 get to violence in a minute, the state of the environment, how clean the air and the +Mi59WIuJZE8-00078-00036449-00037406 water we consume is, literacy, even freedom, equality before the law, and conditions of +Mi59WIuJZE8-00079-00037406-00038446 childhood have all globally improved dramatically and are improving -- every single day! +Mi59WIuJZE8-00080-00038446-00038984 Right now as we speak, they're getting better. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00081-00038984-00039584 As recently as 1882, only two percent of homes in New York had running water. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00082-00039584-00040338 In 1900 worldwide life expectancy was a paltry 31 years. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00083-00040338-00040634 That's unbelievable! +Mi59WIuJZE8-00084-00040634-00041268 Worldwide life expectancy today, worldwide, is 71 from 31. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00085-00041268-00041884 So in terms of violence, violence is interesting, according to Steven Pinker's book, The Better +Mi59WIuJZE8-00086-00041884-00042487 Angels of Our Nature, which I strongly recommend particularly the first half of it, we are +Mi59WIuJZE8-00087-00042487-00042883 living in the least violent period in human history. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00088-00042883-00043602 With Isis, with what's going on in Syria, with the massacres and Wars and, you know, +Mi59WIuJZE8-00089-00043602-00044118 in Africa, with all other violence in Chicago, with all the violence all over the US, so +Mi59WIuJZE8-00090-00044118-00044661 you know, that Donald Trump has convinced us it is, oh you know, going through the roof, +Mi59WIuJZE8-00091-00044661-00044761 right? +Mi59WIuJZE8-00092-00044761-00045381 With all of the horrible stuff going on in the world, if you look at rates of death in +Mi59WIuJZE8-00093-00045381-00046291 wars, murder, rape, even bullying, all down, all in steep decline. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00094-00046291-00047155 We live, from this perspective, in the best era, the best period in human history. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00095-00047155-00047700 Now there are other things that are not so good and another time, we can talk about those, +Mi59WIuJZE8-00096-00047700-00047800 and they're very important. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00097-00047800-00048247 But from a material perspective, a material perspective, there's never been a better time +Mi59WIuJZE8-00098-00048247-00048703 today and this is important, this is important. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00099-00048703-00049472 I would I would add, that it is all a consequence of Enlightenment thinking. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00100-00049472-00050258 It's all the consequence of the discovery, or the rediscovery, of the efficacy of reason, +Mi59WIuJZE8-00101-00050258-00050859 the bringing in of reason into civilization, and the replacing mystical revelation as a +Mi59WIuJZE8-00102-00050859-00051052 source of knowledge. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00103-00051052-00051757 Replacing superstition and sticking to science and reason and knowledge, real knowledge. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00104-00051757-00052403 And while we in the West, in the United States and Western Europe, are losing that and we +Mi59WIuJZE8-00105-00052403-00052841 I still believe are in decline, the rest of the world is discovering the Enlightenment, +Mi59WIuJZE8-00106-00052841-00053679 at least in some sense, the idea of individualism, the fact that the individual is of an end +Mi59WIuJZE8-00107-00053679-00054172 to themselves, the fact that the purpose of politics is to protect the individual and +Mi59WIuJZE8-00108-00054172-00054297 the individual's life. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00109-00054297-00054844 That is on the rise everywhere in the world, except you know the West and certain parts +Mi59WIuJZE8-00110-00054844-00055000 of the Middle East. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00111-00055000-00055591 So globally things are getting better as things in the United States and Europe, if not getting +Mi59WIuJZE8-00112-00055591-00056000 the dramatically worse, are certainly heading in the wrong direction. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00113-00056000-00056535 All right, you've been listening to the Yaron Brook Show, we are on the Blaze radio network. +Mi59WIuJZE8-00114-00056535-00056745 Talk to you next week, same time, same place! +MkNGWEjNv9E-00000-00000000-00000200 Klasky Csupo +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00000-00001246-00001446 All right we are quickly going to make some biltong +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00001-00001719-00001919 We have some top round beef that we bought and cutting it into nice strips +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00002-00002611-00002811 you can see some of the strips here +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00003-00002811-00003143 we will season it up with some coriander +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00004-00003286-00003486 and Annamarie is just toasting and scorching the coriander +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00005-00003912-00004112 then she will grind it in the spice grinder that is sitting over here somewhere. +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00006-00004521-00004721 and we have brown sugar that gives it a nice brown color +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00007-00005528-00005728 and then some salt and some pepper and vinegar +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00008-00006611-00006811 pepper salt and vinegar - nothing fancy - that is how it is supposed to be +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00009-00007692-00007892 This is thin small pieces and will dry rapidly +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00010-00008109-00008309 so we cut them fairly small and you can see them over here +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00011-00008714-00008914 This is the bowl with the big slices and will get to them in a little bit.. +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00012-00009428-00009628 Annamarie - you want to put all the stuff on here +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00013-00009817-00010017 Vinegar, brown sugar, salt with pepper - spread nice and evenly +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00014-00010865-00011065 generous amount of salt - with pepper mixed into the salt +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00015-00011410-00011610 now coriander - coarse and medium and some very fine grind +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00016-00012669-00012869 the bigger pieces coming in now +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00017-00013290-00013490 adding the spices and adding vinegar +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00018-00014399-00014599 show you the meat about 1 inch thick +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00019-00019157-00019357 There is no super super duper secrets in making biltong +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00020-00019740-00019940 it is spies and vinegar and that .... +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00021-00020010-00020210 that is the brine. +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00022-00022168-00022368 Hey - we are in the next phase of making biltong +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00023-00022879-00023079 Here we have the meat now +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00024-00023227-00023427 It has all the juices and vinegar and spices +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00025-00023721-00023921 so we are taking this and +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00026-00024100-00024300 and what we do is take a super secret paperclip +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00027-00024616-00024816 you can see the paperclip +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00028-00024918-00025118 and we bend them open and circle it like that +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00029-00025349-00025549 you can see what it looks like +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00030-00025882-00026082 I am going to take a piece of meat and ... +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00031-00026082-00026282 hook it through (the meat).... +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00032-00026282-00026482 right - I have a little hook there +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00033-00026793-00026993 and then I just gently hang it inside the cabinet +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00034-00027331-00027531 I will do another one.... +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00035-00027585-00027785 grab this piece over here +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00036-00027785-00027923 See what I have.... +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00037-00028392-00028592 Okay - that is a big hunk of beast +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00038-00028784-00028984 I am gonna just hang it up here +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00039-00029560-00029760 We are finished hanging all of our +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00040-00029760-00029960 Biltong... let see what it looks like +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00041-00030461-00030661 hold still - just there..... +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00042-00031139-00031339 white noise from biltong box fan..bzzzz +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00043-00031339-00031539 AAAAND the wait is over +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00044-00031539-00032132 we have our biltong... +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00045-00032132-00032226 as you can see the color is nice and dark +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00046-00032226-00032485 you can see the wonderful spices +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00047-00032851-00033051 and now we are ready to go.. +Mlsk_zF2CPk-00048-00033187-00033387 Grab a piece and enjoy!!! +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00000-00001056-00001372 It was right +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00001-00001372-00001588 Even though it felt wrong +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00002-00001857-00002020 Nothin' ever stopped you +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00003-00002026-00002288 From showin' your progression suddenly +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00004-00002776-00002876 Broken lies +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00005-00003236-00003368 Driving backwards +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00006-00003614-00003790 Making all the wrong turns +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00007-00003790-00003915 Saying all the wrong words +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00008-00004090-00004230 Dodging angels +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00009-00004530-00005142 Oh, let's not be alone +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00010-00005288-00005592 Let's not be alone +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00011-00005762-00006038 Let's be one +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00012-00006242-00006908 Oh, let's not be alone +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00013-00007036-00007354 Empty thoughts fill the room +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00014-00007492-00007854 Breathe for me and I'll breathe for you +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00015-00007854-00008676 I just hit the liquor side of France Currency exchange, lookin' fancy If that money dirty, make it dance +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00016-00008676-00009310 25 karats cost a mansion Gold rose petals, bottle standin' Came from the concrete, takin' chances +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00017-00009326-00009758 Pop gold Ace like a Xanny I just need the blessin' from your family +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00018-00009758-00010426 I just hit the liquor side of France Currency exchange, lookin' fancy If that money dirty, make it dance +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00019-00010426-00010770 25 karats cost a mansion Gold rose petals, bottle standin' +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00020-00010836-00011100 Came from the concrete, takin' chances +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00021-00011100-00011290 Gold rose petals, bottle standin' +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00022-00011314-00011514 I just need the blessin' from your family +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00023-00011534-00011678 Broken lies +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00024-00011698-00011914 Ain't no love without us +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00025-00011928-00012068 It will die +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00026-00012172-00012358 Roses turn into dust +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00027-00012386-00012472 Every night +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00028-00012506-00012732 We gettin' more popular +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00029-00012732-00012782 Wrong is right +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00030-00013044-00013246 When it comes to us +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00031-00013326-00013406 Every night +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00032-00013412-00013652 Ain't no love without us +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00033-00014184-00014318 Every night +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00034-00015066-00015584 Oh, let's not be alone +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00035-00015810-00016026 Let's not be alone +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00036-00016434-00016528 Tonight +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00037-00016736-00017084 Let's be selfish +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00038-00017174-00017288 Selfish baby +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00039-00017404-00017556 Tonight +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00040-00017648-00018090 Let's be selfish, selfish, baby +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00041-00018128-00018320 Tonight +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00042-00018492-00018688 I'll be selfish +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00043-00018702-00018948 Let's be selfish +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00044-00020034-00020254 I'll be selfish +MlIUHr9tB9Y-00045-00020254-00020412 Let's be selfish +N2shrix_sQy-00000-00000003-00000527 Most hair stylists are self-employed or at work for small shops. +N2shrix_sQy-00001-00000527-00001034 Most don't have retirement plans and for the last 10 years. That has been an +N2shrix_sQy-00002-00001034-00001575 increasing worry for Molly Finster. With stylist. usually they don't +N2shrix_sQy-00003-00001575-00001971 retire. They don't have a retirement. But, that changed when the owner of Annastasia Salon +N2shrix_sQy-00004-00001971-00002351 in Southwest Portland became one of the first employers to sign up for +N2shrix_sQy-00005-00002351-00002894 OregonSaves. Now Molly and 30 coworkers are automatically enrolled in a safe, +N2shrix_sQy-00006-00002894-00003314 secure retirement program. It makes me feel like I'm actually doing it. I have a +N2shrix_sQy-00007-00003314-00003704 career and that's what I've always wanted and even for my parents to know +N2shrix_sQy-00008-00003704-00004368 that I can retire. I'll have a retirement someday is huge. It was a relief. Honestly, +N2shrix_sQy-00009-00004368-00004914 I've done bids every year to do 401k. Having retirement has been really +N2shrix_sQy-00010-00004914-00005303 important to me and I haven't been able to find a cost-effective solution that +N2shrix_sQy-00011-00005303-00005805 was good for the company and didn't pass fees on to our employees, so this was a relief. +N2shrix_sQy-00012-00005805-00006296 I think the big question was, "if we build it will they come?" And the +N2shrix_sQy-00013-00006296-00006734 answer has been "absolutely." The director of OregonSaves says the legislature +N2shrix_sQy-00014-00006734-00007197 built a solution to deal with a serious problem in Oregon and one that's facing +N2shrix_sQy-00015-00007197-00007677 millions of Americans. The Pew Charitable Trust says more than half the workforce +N2shrix_sQy-00016-00007677-00008129 in America has no retirement plan, including more than a million people in +N2shrix_sQy-00017-00008129-00008525 Oregon. So, what we're finding is that when folks don't have access to +N2shrix_sQy-00018-00008525-00009107 retirement savings accounts or plans at work. They basically don't save. +N2shrix_sQy-00019-00009107-00009513 OregonSaves is designed for working people whose employers don't offer a retirement plan. +N2shrix_sQy-00020-00009513-00009963 Workers don't need to do anything to join. Their employers enroll them and +N2shrix_sQy-00021-00009963-00010296 they'll start saving a portion of their paycheck into an individual retirement +N2shrix_sQy-00022-00010296-00010647 account in their name. It always remains the employees account +N2shrix_sQy-00023-00010647-00011150 and their money. They can choose to opt out at any time, but most choose to stay in. +N2shrix_sQy-00024-00011150-00011613 Like Katherine Bennett, who says "for the first time she is working toward +N2shrix_sQy-00025-00011613-00012011 long-term financial security." It just made me feel a little more confident and +N2shrix_sQy-00026-00012011-00012599 just excited that finally something was happening. That I was going to have +N2shrix_sQy-00027-00012599-00013112 a retirement in the end. You want to keep good people. This was just a missing +N2shrix_sQy-00028-00013112-00013712 component for our strategy for our staff's long term development. We need +N2shrix_sQy-00029-00013712-00014131 them to set aside money for retirement, so that they have that piece of the puzzle in place. +N2eTefOJtQU-00000-00000008-00000208 asalam alykum wr wb hello halal +N2eTefOJtQU-00001-00000208-00000544 family welcome to the channel i hope you guys are having yourself a wonderful day +N2eTefOJtQU-00002-00000544-00001048 in today's video we'll be reacting to yogyakarta vacation travel guide by +N2eTefOJtQU-00003-00001048-00001536 Expedia this video was suggested by ariel thank you very much for taking the time to send me +N2eTefOJtQU-00004-00001536-00001848 your recommendation and suggestions stay tuned guys we'll be right back with the video +N2eTefOJtQU-00005-00002584-00002928 welcome back guys inshaallah we're going to get started with that video momentarily and +N2eTefOJtQU-00006-00002928-00003296 at the end of the video i'll be sharing with you my observation and reaction so please make +N2eTefOJtQU-00007-00003296-00003608 sure you stay until the end with that said we're going to get started with our video +N2eTefOJtQU-00008-00004256-00004952 the indonesian city of jakarta rests on central java between the cool breezes of the indian ocean +N2eTefOJtQU-00009-00004952-00005504 and the steamy breath of volcanoes it's a scenic train ride from jakarta +N2eTefOJtQU-00010-00005504-00005784 or a short flight from bali or singapore +N2eTefOJtQU-00011-00006816-00007631 the home of sultans artists and the devout since the 8th century jakarta is the gentle epicenter +N2eTefOJtQU-00012-00007631-00009040 of classical javanese culture and education step from the main station into the bustling flow of +N2eTefOJtQU-00013-00009040-00009808 jalan malioboro and you could be in just about any javanese city this is where jogja as the +N2eTefOJtQU-00014-00009808-00010592 city is known comes to wonder shop and snack but refinement is just a bit up right away +N2eTefOJtQU-00015-00011024-00011448 cruise down jalan malioboro to the very soul of the city +N2eTefOJtQU-00016-00011448-00012448 the kraton since 1785 this city within a city has been the home of sultans and the keeping place of +N2eTefOJtQU-00017-00012448-00012912 jakarta's incredible cultural intellectual and spiritual traditions +N2eTefOJtQU-00018-00013160-00013584 while the inner palace serves as the royal family's private home +N2eTefOJtQU-00019-00013584-00014184 the ceremonial courtyards pavilions and museums are open to all +N2eTefOJtQU-00020-00014672-00015336 nearby visit tamansari the water palace where sultans of old and their chosen few +N2eTefOJtQU-00021-00015336-00015663 could escape the demands of duty and the javanese sun +N2eTefOJtQU-00022-00016504-00017112 jakarta's courtly center sets the tone of javanese culture and from here the island's +N2eTefOJtQU-00023-00017112-00017960 arts flow forth in all their purest forms in the gamelan's percussive magic which drifts across the +N2eTefOJtQU-00024-00017960-00018808 kraton's walls to far-off kampongs inspiring the maestros of tomorrow in the ageless shadows of the +N2eTefOJtQU-00025-00018808-00019440 waiankulit puppets who pass thousand-year-old stories of good and evil across the ages +N2eTefOJtQU-00026-00019632-00020152 in the fine strands of silver which have been woven into delicate artworks for centuries +N2eTefOJtQU-00027-00020288-00020968 in a cuisine that leans towards sweetness rather than fire and in the molten beeswax +N2eTefOJtQU-00028-00020968-00021304 making its rhythmic marks across the finest batiks +N2eTefOJtQU-00029-00021592-00022152 while jogja is a place of tradition it's also a place of ever evolving culture +N2eTefOJtQU-00030-00022344-00022960 just a few steps from the kraton walk the lanes of kampung cyber where the +N2eTefOJtQU-00031-00022960-00023984 community has combined street art with online expression to forge new creative possibilities +N2eTefOJtQU-00032-00024224-00024592 a short because right away is the afandi museum +N2eTefOJtQU-00033-00024592-00025040 the former home gallery and resting place of the maverick artist +N2eTefOJtQU-00034-00025040-00025632 who loosened the binds of tradition and created a seismic shift in indonesian painting +N2eTefOJtQU-00035-00026495-00027024 jogja has long been the epicenter of political and ideological shifts as well +N2eTefOJtQU-00036-00027176-00027776 just across from the presidential palace passed through the gates of fort vredeborg to hear the +N2eTefOJtQU-00037-00027776-00028327 stories of resistance and sacrifice that led to the creation of the indonesian republic +N2eTefOJtQU-00038-00028800-00029400 just 10 miles to the northeast of jogja venture back to the 8th and 9th centuries +N2eTefOJtQU-00039-00029400-00029895 to a time when buddhism and hinduism vied for the kingdom's hearts and minds +N2eTefOJtQU-00040-00030616-00031239 prambanan is the heart of a hindu temple network that stretches for miles pay your +N2eTefOJtQU-00041-00031239-00031936 respects at the towering temples of shiva vishnu and brahma then follow the bass relief panels +N2eTefOJtQU-00042-00031936-00032472 in a clockwise direction to see epic hindu tales unfold from within the stone +N2eTefOJtQU-00043-00033480-00034144 just a half hour stroll from the main complex is ratu boko where palatial remains +N2eTefOJtQU-00044-00034144-00034872 frame the same views to mount merapi once enjoyed by the visiting princes who rested here after long +N2eTefOJtQU-00045-00034872-00035744 days of devotion jakarta sits at the doorstep of incredible buddhist monasteries and temples too +N2eTefOJtQU-00046-00035824-00036272 while many stand shoulder-to-shoulder with the hindu temples of the prambanan plain +N2eTefOJtQU-00047-00036336-00036848 the greatest of them all borobudur lies 20 miles to the northwest +N2eTefOJtQU-00048-00037040-00037600 borobudur is the world's largest buddhist temple and one of the most visited sites +N2eTefOJtQU-00049-00037600-00038344 on all of indonesia's 13 000 islands come early for a sunrise you'll never forget +N2eTefOJtQU-00050-00038408-00039024 as hundreds of stone buddhas bless the new day's light just as they have for over a millennia +N2eTefOJtQU-00051-00039320-00039696 jakarta is more than just a city it's a kingdom +N2eTefOJtQU-00052-00040656-00041264 climb aboard adoka and ride through the immaculate farmlands and kampoms of the rural heartlands +N2eTefOJtQU-00053-00041328-00041872 where life's necessities and pleasures are still handmade and made with heart +N2eTefOJtQU-00054-00042176-00042680 meet the people who live calmly and creatively within the shadow of mount merapi +N2eTefOJtQU-00055-00042744-00043584 an active volcano whose moons have been known to topple temples and bury villages with ash +N2eTefOJtQU-00056-00044440-00045200 in our unsteady rapidly changing world deep cultural roots anchor us to all that is important +N2eTefOJtQU-00057-00045304-00045848 culture teaches us to embrace and to appreciate the meaning in all life's moments +N2eTefOJtQU-00058-00045912-00046384 from the richest to the ordinary +N2eTefOJtQU-00059-00046648-00047048 if that's the kind of journey you're looking for take a ride through +N2eTefOJtQU-00060-00047048-00047784 jakarta a cultural kingdom that steadies the spirit and inspires the soul +N2eTefOJtQU-00061-00048928-00049656 so i yogyakarta actually has those instruments that i like that makes uh the sound kind of like +N2eTefOJtQU-00062-00049656-00050056 glass and then the other thing was that the sculptures that they were making +N2eTefOJtQU-00063-00050056-00050792 um using silver that was really really interesting and then there's a lot of history lots of hindu +N2eTefOJtQU-00064-00050792-00051336 temples or indian temples i guess we can call them buddhist temples from the past borobudur +N2eTefOJtQU-00065-00051336-00051808 is the the biggest one actually in the world and they said it's basically the most visited place +N2eTefOJtQU-00066-00051808-00052576 in indonesia out of all the 17 or 19 000 islands that Indonesia has subhanAllah so lots of uh culture +N2eTefOJtQU-00067-00052576-00053248 there lots of uh history and uh beautiful place mashAllah then there's an active volcano around +N2eTefOJtQU-00068-00053248-00053752 there too so may Allah SWT keep the people of indonesia as well as those who are living in +N2eTefOJtQU-00069-00053904-00054400 yogyakarta and around java safe so thank you very much guys for suggesting this video i hope you +N2eTefOJtQU-00070-00054400-00054767 guys liked it too if you did please don't forget to like comment share and subscribe and if you'd +N2eTefOJtQU-00071-00054767-00055160 like me to react to another video please put a comment section below as always guys thank you +N2eTefOJtQU-00072-00055160-00055464 very much for your love and support i hope you guys have yourself a wonderful day take +N2eTefOJtQU-00073-00055464-00056184 care yourself and your family and insha'allah i'll see you guys in the next video take care and wassalam +N5_obqM3ZNA-00000-00000072-00000558 Alright, so we ended off the last video, uh, where we were talking about the system +N5_obqM3ZNA-00001-00000558-00001272 definition phase by talking about how it's important for users to be included in the SDLC. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00002-00001272-00002052 Well, here, in the requirements analysis phase, uh, we are really going to take that to heart. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00003-00002052-00002784 A lot of the work here will be talking to users, getting their feedback on +N5_obqM3ZNA-00004-00002850-00003546 what works and what doesn't in existing systems, getting requirements, you know, for new systems, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00005-00003611-00004188 getting information from them about what they need in order to do their job. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00006-00004368-00004740 That's going to be the focus of this whole phase. And then, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00007-00004800-00005292 once we get all of that information, we actually start creating the requirements +N5_obqM3ZNA-00008-00005292-00005802 that each of the different components of the information system needs to be able to fulfill. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00009-00005904-00006720 This list of requirements will actually be guidelines for what we need to make +N5_obqM3ZNA-00010-00006720-00007494 the information system do, so it will give us some structure for us to actually start defining +N5_obqM3ZNA-00011-00007494-00008094 the different pieces of the information system. It's a very important piece of the life cycle. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00012-00008214-00008988 If the requirements of a system are wrong, then the system itself is wrong, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00013-00009090-00009870 because the requirements are actually what define what the system actually does. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00014-00009870-00010140 So, we have the system definition phase, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00015-00010140-00010572 which talks about like what the system is, what it will be able to accomplish, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00016-00010572-00011094 but the requirements analysis is where we get into what the system does. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00017-00011094-00011652 It does these operations. It does these tests. It works with this data in this +N5_obqM3ZNA-00018-00011652-00012270 particular way. It takes in this user input, it gives the user this output. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00019-00012270-00012708 It communicates with these systems in these ways. All that kind of stuff. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00020-00012708-00012869 That's where we start talking about, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00021-00012996-00013668 uh, what the system is actually doing when it will be able to run. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00022-00013782-00014106 Um, so that's why we say, “If the requirements are wrong, the system is wrong,” because, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00023-00014106-00014436 if we have incorrectly defined what the system will do, well, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00024-00014436-00014891 then, we will build the system incorrectly, and then the system itself will be wrong. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00025-00014891-00015738 So, to our best ability, we have to determine all of our requirements completely and correctly. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00026-00015822-00016566 The way we're going to do this is we're going to conduct extensive user interviews. We're going +N5_obqM3ZNA-00027-00016566-00017070 to spend a lot of time talking with people who have a stake in this information system, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00028-00017070-00017616 who will be working with this information system, and we'll be getting the information about +N5_obqM3ZNA-00029-00017688-00018576 what it needs to do, the kinds of things that will make their job possible or will benefit their job. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00030-00018576-00018690 And, of course, you know, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00031-00018762-00019302 you don't take necessarily everything they say as a hard law of, “This is what needs to happen,” +N5_obqM3ZNA-00032-00019302-00019968 because, sometimes, certain requirements are more “Nice to haves” than “I need to have this,” +N5_obqM3ZNA-00033-00020058-00020640 and trying to get everything completed could possibly put you over budget and time. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00034-00020640-00021150 But it's really important to get that information, and this is where good +N5_obqM3ZNA-00035-00021150-00021792 communication skills and good business experience is really helpful, because you can actually +N5_obqM3ZNA-00036-00021888-00022386 try to coax that information out of the user, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00037-00022482-00023010 the future user, maybe without them even realizing that you're doing it. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00038-00023010-00023292 You might be able to help them realize, “Oh, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00039-00023292-00023658 you know, here's another thing that is really important for me!” +N5_obqM3ZNA-00040-00023760-00024432 if you're able to ask them the right questions to sort of lead their brains in that direction. So… +N5_obqM3ZNA-00041-00024648-00025398 even without technical skills per se, uh, you know, having really really +N5_obqM3ZNA-00042-00025398-00025800 good business knowledge can be really important for processes like these. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00043-00025800-00026766 Being really good at communication and, you know, general working with people +N5_obqM3ZNA-00044-00026844-00027300 is going to be super helpful for actually figuring out these requirements. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00045-00027395-00028056 What you're also going to do is maybe compare and contrast some existing systems that are similar to +N5_obqM3ZNA-00046-00028056-00028686 the system that you are building but that don't quite work and try to figure out what those +N5_obqM3ZNA-00047-00028686-00029262 systems do that is really helpful and what those systems don't do that you need this additional +N5_obqM3ZNA-00048-00029262-00029682 functionality for and, maybe, you include those systems in your information system, maybe you +N5_obqM3ZNA-00049-00029682-00030570 don't include them at all, but, at least, you know, knowing what, uh, systems are out there that +N5_obqM3ZNA-00050-00030570-00031122 could possibly be used and what gaps you would have to fill in if you use those systems versus +N5_obqM3ZNA-00051-00031277-00031842 if you're designing something else, what equivalent functionality you would have to design, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00052-00031842-00032430 and maybe what extra stuff you don't have to worry about as well as all that other stuff you +N5_obqM3ZNA-00053-00032430-00032910 would have had to do anyway to fill in the gaps with the additional system but now are just the +N5_obqM3ZNA-00054-00032910-00033564 stuff you are making. You know, figuring out all of that is another really important part as well. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00055-00033720-00034200 You must have requirements for all five of the information system components, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00056-00034200-00034806 everything from, “What hardware specifications do we need?” or, “Do we need any specific, uh, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00057-00034884-00035406 custom hardware builds?” to the software: “Do we need any custom software?” or, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00058-00035406-00036120 “Do we need to use something else that has these features in it?” to the data, to the procedures: +N5_obqM3ZNA-00059-00036120-00036756 you know, “What are the people going to have to do in order to interact with this, um, new system +N5_obqM3ZNA-00060-00036756-00037536 that we're making?” to the people as well, like, “What expertise are we looking for for the people +N5_obqM3ZNA-00061-00037536-00038130 who are interacting with our information system?” or, “If this is being made for existing users, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00062-00038130-00039084 um, what, uh, knowledge do they have, and how do we tailor our information system to work with +N5_obqM3ZNA-00063-00039084-00039648 that set of knowledge rather than requiring something that they don't necessarily have?” +N5_obqM3ZNA-00064-00039720-00040368 Uh, this… all these requirements will be for everything from web pages that are involved +N5_obqM3ZNA-00065-00040368-00041034 in this system to the forms and reports and queries that are involved with the databases, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00066-00041166-00041664 um, any sort of features and functions from any applications that are being included in here, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00067-00041664-00041922 all that stuff is really important. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00068-00042024-00042540 And, of course, include security, especially for stuff that you're building for your own… +N5_obqM3ZNA-00069-00042654-00043332 um, the building on your own, especially for anything that is facing the web to avoid people, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00070-00043422-00043974 um, typing in, uh, bad queries for a form or something like +N5_obqM3ZNA-00071-00043974-00044304 that and completely destroying your databases, all that kind of stuff. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00072-00044304-00044736 Bringing on a security expert to help see, you know, where security +N5_obqM3ZNA-00073-00044832-00045516 vulnerabilities could lie, and preparing for those ahead of time rather than trying to +N5_obqM3ZNA-00074-00045516-00046026 patch security holes after the system is already implemented. That's all really important here. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00075-00046092-00046734 And then, once you have all of your requirements, uh, all of the users who will be invested in the +N5_obqM3ZNA-00076-00046734-00047088 system must review the requirements and approve them and say, “Hey, you know, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00077-00047088-00047652 this covers everything that I need, I don't see anything missing here,” or, if they see anything +N5_obqM3ZNA-00078-00047652-00048144 that is missing, they can give feedback and say, “I don't see this functionality represented,” or, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00079-00048144-00048846 “I don't… I don't… This could possibly involve this functionality, but I'm concerned about this +N5_obqM3ZNA-00080-00048846-00049290 particular thing not being explicitly represented. Can you make sure that this +N5_obqM3ZNA-00081-00049290-00049620 is explicitly represented so I can do my job?” or something like that. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00082-00049620-00049956 This is the easiest and cheapest time to alter the +N5_obqM3ZNA-00083-00049956-00050418 information system before you have even really started, creating it. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00084-00050418-00050856 You want to make sure that the information system does what it's supposed to, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00085-00050856-00051558 and you can do that best by making these revisions on the requirements. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00086-00051558-00052182 It's a lot harder to listen to user feedback and make a change if you are already in the +N5_obqM3ZNA-00087-00052182-00052691 middle of building the project because then you have to make a whole bunch of possible changes. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00088-00052776-00053004 On the other hand, if you're just in the requirements phase, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00089-00053088-00053748 um, then you can just change a few lines on a bulleted list in a Word +N5_obqM3ZNA-00090-00053748-00054204 document or something like that, and it can sometimes be that easy. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00091-00054276-00054840 So you might go through a process of making requirements, um, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00092-00054954-00055679 presenting it to the user, altering it, presenting to the user, altering it, presenting, etc etc. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00093-00055679-00056262 But, once you get there, then you have a good system design, and you can +N5_obqM3ZNA-00094-00056262-00056688 feel confident that you're making the right system for the job. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00095-00056772-00057378 Something else that can be helpful is a working prototype. It is a functional mock-up of some +N5_obqM3ZNA-00096-00057378-00057864 piece of the information system. The idea is that you're looking for functionality over polish. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00097-00057864-00058296 So, for example, you might have a prototype of +N5_obqM3ZNA-00098-00058296-00058602 a database application that the user can interact with. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00099-00058602-00059010 They put in certain pieces of data, and they get some information out of it. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00100-00059010-00059628 You just mock up some really really simple thing, and the user who is +N5_obqM3ZNA-00101-00059628-00060450 helping you determine the requirements can test out this form and get the data and say, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00102-00060450-00060882 “Hey, I really liked this part. You should keep it in the requirements. Uh, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00103-00060882-00061332 here's something that I didn't like. Can you change this in the real system?” +N5_obqM3ZNA-00104-00061332-00061590 And you can take that feedback and actually, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00105-00061655-00062364 um, you know, make changes in the requirements and have a better-informed set of requirements. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00106-00062364-00062741 It makes that really easy. Um, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00107-00062814-00063305 so it allows the users and designers to discover issues in the requirements. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00108-00063305-00063714 If you follow the requirements in making a prototype and present that to the user, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00109-00063714-00064350 then you can say, “Hey, um, what do you think about this? Uh, how do you think about the +N5_obqM3ZNA-00110-00064350-00064782 way that we have interpreted and created this prototype based on the requirements?” +N5_obqM3ZNA-00111-00064782-00065082 And the user can you give that feedback and you, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00112-00065196-00065634 um, modify the requirements, maybe update a prototype and then give that back again. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00113-00065634-00066156 Uh, it can really help make sure that the user sees the functionality that they need to +N5_obqM3ZNA-00114-00066156-00067020 see in the final system if they are given that functionality at the very beginning of it all. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00115-00067164-00067698 Problem is, it can be really expensive to develop a prototype, especially if it's a +N5_obqM3ZNA-00116-00067698-00068130 more complicated prototype or multiple prototypes for different systems and if +N5_obqM3ZNA-00117-00068130-00068508 you have to develop multiple prototypes across different revisions and all that kind of stuff. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00118-00068568-00068958 Usually, the requirements analysis is +N5_obqM3ZNA-00119-00069042-00069756 made before full funding is given. You might get a bit of like pilot funding; you're essentially +N5_obqM3ZNA-00120-00069756-00070488 doing, like, a… a pilot study, or, like, a… a smaller, um, piece of the system's development, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00121-00070620-00071346 uh, process, where you are essentially saying, “Hey, we'll do some research, we'll try to make +N5_obqM3ZNA-00122-00071346-00071802 up requirements for a system, and then we'll present these requirements and the benefits +N5_obqM3ZNA-00123-00071802-00072534 that we think we would get from building a system with these requirements,” to the, um, you know, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00124-00072534-00072996 people who actually control your funding, and then, once they see these requirements, and, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00125-00072996-00073542 if you are able to convince them that this is necessary, then they unlock full funding. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00126-00073656-00073944 If full funding comes after the requirements are already made, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00127-00073944-00074304 but you need funding in order to make a prototype, but you need the prototype in +N5_obqM3ZNA-00128-00074304-00074748 order to make the requirements, then it you're in a little bit of a bind, unfortunately. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00129-00074748-00075258 So, sometimes, the best solution is just make it as cheap as possible. Uh, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00130-00075396-00075732 maybe even draw it on sticky notes and, like, pass different sticky +N5_obqM3ZNA-00131-00075732-00076266 notes to show the different flows of the system, or something like that. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00132-00076266-00076704 Ideally you want something that they can interact with on a computer so they get more of an idea of +N5_obqM3ZNA-00133-00076704-00077280 like physically interacting with the program, what that will be like at the end product. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00134-00077400-00077940 Um, you know, maybe if you do some fancy things with PowerPoint or if you do some +N5_obqM3ZNA-00135-00077940-00078432 fancy things with Visual Basic, which we have a class for in the CBIS department, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00136-00078522-00079026 uh, you can make those prototypes for at least some of the software side of +N5_obqM3ZNA-00137-00079026-00079608 things pretty quick if you get to be a fast coder. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00138-00079728-00080286 But, yeah, prototypes are very nice to have. They can be a little expensive, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00139-00080286-00080592 but, if you can make them, then absolutely make them. +N5_obqM3ZNA-00140-00080730-00081066 Alright, well that is the requirements analysis phase. Uh, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00141-00081066-00081348 once the requirements analysis is completed, +N5_obqM3ZNA-00142-00081348-00082050 and all of the requirements are finally approved by everyone, that's when the actual design of the +N5_obqM3ZNA-00143-00082050-00082542 five information system components comes into play. So that's what we'll talk about next. +N901S9b_14Y-00000-00000000-00000503 즐거운 놀이 시간 +N901S9b_14Y-00001-00000653-00000903 엄마 개: 아랑 +N901S9b_14Y-00002-00001103-00001503 강아지:럭키 +N901S9b_14Y-00003-00005372-00005638 행복한 시간 +NrhcEXaSbpk-00000-00000003-00000672 This lesson is on the research process. So what is research? Research is +NrhcEXaSbpk-00001-00000672-00001041 essentially investigation and examination, and it's something that we do +NrhcEXaSbpk-00002-00001041-00001386 every day, whether we've received an assignment that calls for it in our +NrhcEXaSbpk-00003-00001386-00001839 classes or whether it's something that we have to do personally. An example of +NrhcEXaSbpk-00004-00001839-00002303 personal research would be you have to buy a new car. We're researching what +NrhcEXaSbpk-00005-00002303-00002643 type of car you're going to buy, if you're going to buy a new or used, where +NrhcEXaSbpk-00006-00002643-00003096 you're going to buy it from. Research is something that factors heavily into our +NrhcEXaSbpk-00007-00003096-00003603 everyday lives, even when we leave the academic realm. It's a process, and it's a +NrhcEXaSbpk-00008-00003603-00004032 process that requires time and flexibility, but it's also something that +NrhcEXaSbpk-00009-00004032-00004425 becomes easier with practice. So the more you do research, or the more you practice +NrhcEXaSbpk-00010-00004425-00005189 this process, the easier it becomes and the more it's second nature to you. Like +NrhcEXaSbpk-00011-00005189-00005505 I mentioned, research is a process and that's how we're going to kind of look +NrhcEXaSbpk-00012-00005505-00006185 at it. There are three steps in this process. Now, if you were to Google the +NrhcEXaSbpk-00013-00006185-00006684 research process, you would pull hundreds of different types of processes with +NrhcEXaSbpk-00014-00006684-00007047 hundreds of different types of steps. I've looked at several of those and kind +NrhcEXaSbpk-00015-00007047-00007598 of condensed them down into three steps for you. We have defining the topic, +NrhcEXaSbpk-00016-00007598-00008054 devising the strategy, and searching. +NrhcEXaSbpk-00017-00008090-00008850 Defining a topic is actually a process in itself. You start at the top, when you +NrhcEXaSbpk-00018-00008850-00009290 receive a research assignment in a class or you understand that a personal +NrhcEXaSbpk-00019-00009290-00009854 decision is required. Your next step from that is to select a topic. Sometimes you +NrhcEXaSbpk-00020-00009854-00010206 might not have this step if your topic has already been decided for you in +NrhcEXaSbpk-00021-00010206-00010668 your research assignment or obviously you're going to know what your topic is +NrhcEXaSbpk-00022-00010668-00011229 if it's a personal decision. You then need to explore and narrow your topic. A +NrhcEXaSbpk-00023-00011229-00011747 lot of times your topics, especially for class assignments, can be extremely broad, +NrhcEXaSbpk-00024-00011747-00012213 and they're too broad to do the type of research that you need to do. So, explore, +NrhcEXaSbpk-00025-00012213-00012659 get some background information on your topic, and then begin to narrow it down. +NrhcEXaSbpk-00026-00012659-00013061 Finally, once you've done that, you can state a question and begin to formulate +NrhcEXaSbpk-00027-00013061-00013297 your thesis, which is something you should be familiar with +NrhcEXaSbpk-00028-00013297-00014132 from prior English classes. Tips: When choosing topics, avoid the tired and +NrhcEXaSbpk-00029-00014132-00014537 often used topics -- abortion, legal drinking age, and smoking are just three examples +NrhcEXaSbpk-00030-00014537-00015338 of those. Take the unexpected or unpopular side of an argument. If you are +NrhcEXaSbpk-00031-00015338-00015728 going to write about an old topic or one of those tired and often use topics, +NrhcEXaSbpk-00032-00015728-00016025 try to do it in a new way, something perhaps your teacher hasn't heard of +NrhcEXaSbpk-00033-00016025-00016502 before. And then you can use CQ Researcher and Opposing Viewpoints in +NrhcEXaSbpk-00034-00016502-00016940 Context to help you find topic ideas that might be centered around recent +NrhcEXaSbpk-00035-00016940-00017390 topics, and a lot of your 101 research papers, English 101 research papers, and +NrhcEXaSbpk-00036-00017390-00018032 your persuasive speeches and Speech 107 require recent topics so CQ Researcher +NrhcEXaSbpk-00037-00018032-00018656 and Opposing Viewpoints in Context are two databases that can help. Alright, the +NrhcEXaSbpk-00038-00018656-00018983 next step is devising a strategy. And this is something that we've talked +NrhcEXaSbpk-00039-00018983-00019481 about prior to this lesson. You need to identify the terminology that you're +NrhcEXaSbpk-00040-00019481-00020069 going to search by. So what terms are you going to use? What search strings are you +NrhcEXaSbpk-00041-00020069-00020395 going to use? Are you, what Boolean operators do you think that you can use +NrhcEXaSbpk-00042-00020395-00020777 to kind of connect your search terms? Remember that you should always have as +NrhcEXaSbpk-00043-00020777-00021212 many terms and phrases as possible so that you pull as much information that +NrhcEXaSbpk-00044-00021212-00021745 is as relevant as possible. Keep in mind that if you have a topic, something like +NrhcEXaSbpk-00045-00021745-00022253 drunk driving, that there are multiple ways of saying that and you need to +NrhcEXaSbpk-00046-00022253-00022625 think of all those ways when you're identifying your terminology. And then +NrhcEXaSbpk-00047-00022625-00022913 the second part of devising your strategy is, once you know what you're +NrhcEXaSbpk-00048-00022913-00023357 going to search by, determine where you're going to search. And always follow +NrhcEXaSbpk-00049-00023357-00023981 CORR, C-O-R-R, which is searching the Catalog, then the Online Resources and then +NrhcEXaSbpk-00050-00023981-00024704 Reference works. And then lastly in the process is searching. And this is +NrhcEXaSbpk-00051-00024704-00025109 where you implement your search strategy that you devised in step 2 as to find +NrhcEXaSbpk-00052-00025109-00025472 your sources, and then also where you read and evaluate your sources, and we've +NrhcEXaSbpk-00053-00025472-00026143 taught prior to this lesson about how to evaluate sources effectively. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00000-00000196-00000620 Namaste, welcome back to my food lover channel everybody. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00001-00000660-00000903 Today, I am going to marinate potatoes. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00002-00000944-00001750 For that, I have taken two boiled potatoes. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00003-00001818-00003076 This is mustang schezwan powder. If you do not have this , you can crush schezwan pepper and two cloves of garlic +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00004-00003206-00004312 This is salt, chopped green chilli, shallots, coriander and red onion +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00005-00004392-00004720 Other ingredient is fenugreek seeds, turmeric powder, chilli powder. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00006-00005046-00005558 And I have heated oil in a small pan already. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00007-00005602-00006731 This hot oil is ready to use , so I am going to put fenugreek seeds in the hot oil +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00008-00006768-00007148 You can turn off the flame. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00009-00007180-00008346 Now, we can add chopped ingredients in the bowl. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00010-00008564-00009794 Then, add salt as per your taste, 1 & 1/2 tsp of mustang schezwan powder +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00011-00009834-00011524 Mustang schezwan powder contains schezwan powder, chilli, salt, garlic and turmeric powder. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00012-00011564-00011968 Add 1/2 tsp of chilli powder aswell. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00013-00011998-00013052 Now, you can add 1/2 tsp of turmeric powder in the hot oil +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00014-00013066-00013496 If you add turmeric powder earlier in the hot oil, it might get burnt +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00015-00013513-00014252 So, now you can pour hot oil up above all those spices in the bowl +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00016-00014562-00014882 This lets spices cook. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00017-00014904-00015330 Then, you can mix all the ingredients well with clean hand +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00018-00015330-00017032 Be mindful to put your hand in hot ingredients. Mix it carefully and nicely +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00019-00017226-00018696 You can eat this marinated potato curry with beaten rice, rice, roti and whatever you wish to eat with. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00020-00018696-00020120 If you don't want to eat spicy at all, you can avoid chillies, use salt as per your taste. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00021-00020146-00020536 This is so simple and easy to prepare at home. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00022-00020552-00021026 This can be prepared with least ingredients. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00023-00021156-00022398 If you prepare this marinated potato curry one or 2 hours before your lunch then salt will enter in potatoes well. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00024-00022442-00023112 Now, marinated potatoes curry is ready. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00025-00023118-00023986 This much for today, please give me some feedbacks about my food lover channel. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00026-00024022-00024450 If you like my videos please like, share and subscribe my channel. +Nr-wS1f4QMo-00027-00024520-00024798 Thank you so much. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00000-00000012-00000552 The real life exploits of Leonidas of Sparta and his 300 warriors at Thermoplyae have given +NtuT2wgy5X4-00001-00000552-00001062 rise to the myth of the Spartan superhero – the supremely disciplined man of few words +NtuT2wgy5X4-00002-00001062-00001563 who had a body of steel, could endure any hardship and would fight to his last breath. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00003-00001563-00002050 Such men really did exist and chief among them was Leonidas, the Spartan king who defied +NtuT2wgy5X4-00004-00002050-00002327 the might of Persia, saving Greece from annihilation. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00005-00002327-00003081 In this week’s Biographics we discover the real life Leonidas. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00006-00003081-00004669 Early Years Leonidas was born around 540 BCE in the Greek +NtuT2wgy5X4-00007-00004669-00004769 city of Sparta. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00008-00004769-00005269 At that time Greece was made up of hundreds of city states, of which Athens and Sparta +NtuT2wgy5X4-00009-00005269-00005369 were the largest. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00010-00005369-00005646 Leonidas’ father, Anaxandrides, was the king of Sparta. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00011-00005646-00006189 For the Greeks, warfare was the supreme statement of a citizen. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00012-00006189-00006594 It is what made a man and gave him the right to be a part of his city. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00013-00006594-00007084 Every Greek, in every city state was obliged to military service from the age of twenty +NtuT2wgy5X4-00014-00007084-00007330 until the age of forty-five. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00015-00007330-00007726 In order to prepare for that life, boys were put into a military training camp, known as +NtuT2wgy5X4-00016-00007726-00007959 the Agoge, from the age of seven. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00017-00007959-00008427 There was only exception to this compulsory military training – the first-born son of +NtuT2wgy5X4-00018-00008427-00008666 the king of each city state. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00019-00008666-00009026 His upbringing would be focused on grooming him for the power that he would inherit on +NtuT2wgy5X4-00020-00009026-00009146 his father’s death. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00021-00009146-00009434 Leonidas, however, was the third son of Anaxandrides. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00022-00009434-00009846 His older half-brother, Cleomenes I was first in line to be the next king of Sparta. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00023-00009846-00010340 As a result, Leonidas spent his formative years learning how to become a Spartan warrior. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00024-00010340-00010839 Between the age of seven and twelve, Leonidas underwent a training regimen, along with a +NtuT2wgy5X4-00025-00010839-00011334 group of other boys, under the supervision of a warden who was called the paidonomos, +NtuT2wgy5X4-00026-00011334-00011736 which literally translates to ‘herder of boys.’ +NtuT2wgy5X4-00027-00011736-00012134 This was a highly respected Spartan, drawn from the highest social class. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00028-00012134-00012602 His authority allowed him to punish any who misbehaved, and to this end he was accompanied +NtuT2wgy5X4-00029-00012602-00013096 by a whip wielding squad of youths who were ready to eagerly mete out his punishments. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00030-00013096-00013648 As the system was designed to produce effective warriors, great emphasis was placed on a rough +NtuT2wgy5X4-00031-00013648-00013784 and tumble lifestyle. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00032-00013784-00014234 The boys were divided into bands and they chose as their leader the best fighter. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00033-00014234-00014622 Meanwhile the paidonomos would keep a close eye on their antics, meting out punishment +NtuT2wgy5X4-00034-00014622-00014834 to any who got out of line. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00035-00014834-00015116 Spartan boys in the Agoge were not permitted to wear shoes. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00036-00015116-00015638 It was believed that leaping, jumping and running were accomplished more swiftly barefoot. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00037-00015638-00015997 The boys were also allowed just one cloak throughout the year. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00038-00015997-00016531 This was designed to force them to grow accustomed to sweltering summers and freezing winters, +NtuT2wgy5X4-00039-00016531-00016764 making do with what little covering they had. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00040-00016764-00017250 Food for the boys was strictly rationed, on the belief that a lean, hungry man fights +NtuT2wgy5X4-00041-00017250-00017539 far more effectively than a fat, satiated one. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00042-00017539-00017969 Also, being able to go a long time without food would make for a better prepared warrior. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00043-00017969-00018341 Theft was severely punished – unless it involved the stealing of food. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00044-00018341-00018776 The logic behind this was that by learning to pilfer food the boys would be practicing +NtuT2wgy5X4-00045-00018776-00019163 the skills of foraging that would be needed when on military campaign. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00046-00019163-00019638 As well as their training to become warriors, the boys were also taught to read and write. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00047-00019638-00020089 In fact, the Spartans gained a reputation as men of learning, who loved music, poetry +NtuT2wgy5X4-00048-00020089-00020189 and dance. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00049-00020189-00020565 The age of twelve was a watershed year in the life of a young Spartan. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00050-00020565-00021056 He was now placed in a band of about a dozen of his peers, to live under the headship of +NtuT2wgy5X4-00051-00021056-00021445 one drawn from his ranks, the eiren, or prefect. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00052-00021445-00021835 The one chosen was the smartest, the most battle ready and cunning. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00053-00021835-00022264 Though there is no record that Leonidas was put in this position, it is quite likely that +NtuT2wgy5X4-00054-00022264-00022693 he, being the son of the king and given the future battle prowess that he displayed, did +NtuT2wgy5X4-00055-00022693-00023017 indeed serve as an eiren during his teen years. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00056-00023017-00023398 The other boys had to give their absolute obedience to the eiren. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00057-00023398-00023876 They were to act as his servants, collecting firewood and fetching vegetables using their +NtuT2wgy5X4-00058-00023876-00023976 thieving skills. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00059-00023976-00024462 Also, at the age of twelve, Spartan boys were taken under the wing of an erastes, or ‘admirer’, +NtuT2wgy5X4-00060-00024462-00024648 to receive a form of mentoring. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00061-00024648-00025064 Whereas in other Grecian city states this relationship was a sexual one, this was not +NtuT2wgy5X4-00062-00025064-00025205 the case in Sparta. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00063-00025205-00025666 Desire for the body rather than the soul of a boy was considered to be the height of shame. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00064-00025666-00026173 At the age of eighteen, the Spartan youth became a melleiren, a title which means ‘nearly +NtuT2wgy5X4-00065-00026173-00026273 an eiren’. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00066-00026273-00026719 His military training was now stepped up as he came close to entering military service. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00067-00026719-00027386 And so, by the age of twenty, Spartan society had moulded Leonidas into an agile, battle-ready +NtuT2wgy5X4-00068-00027386-00027866 military machine, full of self-confidence, discipline and a killer instinct. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00069-00027866-00028177 He was ready to make his mark on the field of battle. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00070-00028177-00028433 Leonidas had trained to be a hoplite warrior. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00071-00028433-00028958 Hoplites were experts in using the short iron sword and round shield and spear. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00072-00028958-00029362 They fought in tight phalanx formation in which they would approach the enemy with shield +NtuT2wgy5X4-00073-00029362-00029933 overheads to form a tortoise-shell like defence to the oncoming barrage of arrows. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00074-00029933-00030274 Just as Leonidas was about to enter military service, news reached him that his father, +NtuT2wgy5X4-00075-00030274-00030394 the King, had died. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00076-00030394-00030652 His brother, Cleomenes I now inherited the throne. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00077-00030652-00031139 So, while one brother took on the mantle of supreme rulership over the city-sate, the +NtuT2wgy5X4-00078-00031139-00031669 other inherited the role that he had given his entire life to – that of a Spartan warrior. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00079-00031669-00032066 The Spartans army was divided into age groups, spanning ten years. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00080-00032066-00032449 Within these divisions, the basic grouping of men was into mess groups of about fifteen +NtuT2wgy5X4-00081-00032449-00032549 men. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00082-00032549-00032825 It was with these men that Leonidas lived during his twenties. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00083-00032825-00033244 It was also around this time that Leonidas married the daughter of his half-brother Cleomones. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00084-00033244-00033687 She was named Gorgo and was by all accounts a beautiful and politically astute woman. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00085-00035305-00035474 Leonidas’ older half-brother, Cleomones. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00086-00035474-00035985 Over the last three years, Grecian city states had, one by one, succumbed to the invading +NtuT2wgy5X4-00087-00035985-00036085 Persians. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00088-00036085-00036513 The capitulation of these powers was a source of outrage to the proud Spartan king and, +NtuT2wgy5X4-00089-00036513-00037100 in 491, he attempted to overthrow a neighbouring king who was about to concede to the Persians. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00090-00037100-00037432 But when their king’s plans to oust a duly appointed fellow king was revealed, the people +NtuT2wgy5X4-00091-00037432-00037838 of Sparta were not happy and Cleomones was forced to flee the city. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00092-00037838-00038225 He then set about gathering a formidable army in the surrounding territories. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00093-00038225-00038684 Wisely, the Spartans allowed him to return but, believing that their king had gone insane, +NtuT2wgy5X4-00094-00038684-00038856 had him thrown into chains. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00095-00038856-00039224 Apparently, this order was carried out on the directions of Leonidas. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00096-00039224-00039613 Cleomones was placed under the guard of the Helot slave class. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00097-00039613-00040011 The imprisoned king managed to persuade one of his captors to lend him his dagger. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00098-00040011-00040497 With that he apparently committed an appalling sort of hari-kari, slicing himself into pieces +NtuT2wgy5X4-00099-00040497-00040613 from his feet upward. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00100-00040613-00041074 When Cleomones had taken the throne thirty years previously, his half-brother Dorieus, +NtuT2wgy5X4-00101-00041074-00041503 who was older than Leonidas, was incensed that the throne had passed him by. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00102-00041503-00041996 Finding it impossible to remain in Sparta, he attempted to establish a colony in Africa. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00103-00041996-00042366 When this failed, he went to Sicily where he met an untimely death. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00104-00042366-00042908 So, it was that, on the death of Cleomones in 490, Leonidas was next in line for the +NtuT2wgy5X4-00105-00042908-00043172 throne. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00106-00043172-00044184 The Persian Threat Immediately upon ascending the throne, Leonidas +NtuT2wgy5X4-00107-00044184-00044396 was thrown into the heat of conflict. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00108-00044396-00044918 For years the Persians had been threatening Greece and now, the situation was at a critical +NtuT2wgy5X4-00109-00044918-00045018 point. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00110-00045018-00045433 Swift action was needed – and Leonidas proved to be the right man to deliver it. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00111-00045433-00045805 The goal of the Persians was the absolute subjection of Greece. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00112-00045805-00046199 They already ruled over a number of Greek cities on the coast of Asia. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00113-00046199-00046640 The continued existence of other Greek city states was a beacon of light for those already +NtuT2wgy5X4-00114-00046640-00046945 engulfed by the Persians, making them dream of independence. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00115-00046945-00047280 This was not acceptable to Persian king Xerxes. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00116-00047280-00047778 To crush all Grecian resistance, Xerxes has gathered together a massive force, consisting +NtuT2wgy5X4-00117-00047778-00048382 of 1207 warships, and as many as 1, 700,000 warriors. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00118-00048382-00048708 In stark contrast, the Greeks were badly disunited. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00119-00048708-00049169 Of more than one hundred city states, only 31 had agreed to stand and fight against the +NtuT2wgy5X4-00120-00049169-00049269 Persians. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00121-00049269-00049702 The kings of these 31 states met and swore an oath to fight the Persians and to punish +NtuT2wgy5X4-00122-00049702-00049944 any cities that went over to the Persian side. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00123-00049944-00050380 Still, with the key states of Thessaly and Boiotia supporting Persia, there was no active +NtuT2wgy5X4-00124-00050380-00050743 resistance to the invaders right down to the city of Athens. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00125-00050743-00051081 The Spartans had taken on the mantle of leadership in the resistance. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00126-00051081-00051571 The city was recognised as being in a position of moral, political and, above all, military +NtuT2wgy5X4-00127-00051571-00051799 pre-eminence in all of Greece. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00128-00051799-00052424 Under Leonidas, the Spartans were absolutely determined to fight, to conquer or to die. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00129-00052424-00052907 The alliance with other resisting city-states allowed Leonidas to put around 60,000 men +NtuT2wgy5X4-00130-00052907-00053007 into the field. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00131-00053007-00053495 King Xerxes of Persia believed that his overwhelming superiority in numbers would guarantee the +NtuT2wgy5X4-00132-00053495-00053595 victory. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00133-00053595-00053982 It was his strategy to keep his naval fleet and his infantry closely connected. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00134-00053982-00054351 The infantry thus marched along the shore and the Persians even dug a canal through +NtuT2wgy5X4-00135-00054351-00054744 Mount Athos to allow the ships to stay close when the army got inland. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00136-00054744-00055191 By August 18th, 480, Xerxes had overrun Macedonia, and Thessaly. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00137-00055191-00055666 His army had now arrived at the place called Thermopylae, a narrow pass between Thessaly +NtuT2wgy5X4-00138-00055666-00055772 and the ocean. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00139-00055772-00056189 Leonidas knew that he could never defeat the entire Persian army. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00140-00056189-00056620 But he believed that if he could inflict a devastating blow of such magnitude that it +NtuT2wgy5X4-00141-00056620-00057201 decimated a portion of that army, the psychological damage would be such that the Persians would +NtuT2wgy5X4-00142-00057201-00057301 withdraw. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00143-00057301-00057672 But not everyone was convinced that this strategy would work. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00144-00057672-00058207 Undermining Leonidas’ strategy was the oracle of Apollo at Delphi, who was considered to +NtuT2wgy5X4-00145-00058207-00058523 have a hotline to the Gods of Greece. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00146-00058523-00058949 When the Spartans had approached the Oracle asking whether they should resist the Persians +NtuT2wgy5X4-00147-00058949-00059414 the reply that came back was . . . Either the king of Sparta must die or the +NtuT2wgy5X4-00148-00059414-00059853 Spartans themselves must be conquered, for nothing can stand before the might of the +NtuT2wgy5X4-00149-00059853-00059953 Persian king. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00150-00059953-00060363 Each successive city state that approached the Oracle was likewise given a premonition +NtuT2wgy5X4-00151-00060363-00060463 of doom. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00152-00060463-00060692 Still, Leonidas was not deterred. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00153-00060692-00061177 He, and every Spartan warrior with him, would give his last breath to keep the Persians +NtuT2wgy5X4-00154-00061177-00061332 out of their beloved city-state. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00155-00061332-00061725 Leonidas did want to meet the overwhelming Persian force on the open field. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00156-00061725-00062233 It was his intention to withdraw to the spot where the Peloponnesian Peninsula joins the +NtuT2wgy5X4-00157-00062233-00062414 land of Attica. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00158-00062414-00062750 This was a very narrow strip of land just a mile and a half long. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00159-00062750-00063191 Here he would set his men to building a defensive wall behind which they would fight Xerxes’ +NtuT2wgy5X4-00160-00063191-00063291 army. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00161-00063291-00063647 The problem with this plan was that it left Athens completed without any protection. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00162-00063647-00064112 So, against his better judgement, Leonidas agreed to take a small force up to Thermopylae +NtuT2wgy5X4-00163-00064112-00064419 and to engage the Persians at the narrowest point of the pass. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00164-00066126-00066751 would be selected for the defence of Thermopylae – and they would be led by he himself. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00165-00066751-00067191 Why were just 300 chosen and why these particular 300? +NtuT2wgy5X4-00166-00067191-00067567 Firstly 300 was a manageable number for an elite taskforce. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00167-00067567-00068092 Secondly the figure 300 had strong symbolic and practical overtones in Sparta, as it was +NtuT2wgy5X4-00168-00068092-00068376 the fixed number of the regular royal bodyguard. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00169-00068376-00068751 The bodyguards were known as the hippeis meaning cavalrymen, though in fact they served as +NtuT2wgy5X4-00170-00068751-00069230 infantrymen in the dead centre of the hoplite phalanx, where the commanding king would be +NtuT2wgy5X4-00171-00069230-00069330 stationed. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00172-00069330-00069820 The three hundred hippeis were especially selected in an intense completion from among +NtuT2wgy5X4-00173-00069820-00070295 men in the ten youngest adult citizen year-classes, aged between twenty and twenty-nine. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00174-00070295-00070901 Leonidas’ Thermopylae advance guard of 300, however, was to be selected with one crucial +NtuT2wgy5X4-00175-00070901-00071033 additional criterion. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00176-00071033-00071497 Besides being exceptionally brave, skilful and patriotic, each of the chosen few must +NtuT2wgy5X4-00177-00071497-00071667 also have a living son. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00178-00071667-00072108 This would ensure that a son would be in place to carry on his father’s name. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00179-00072108-00072602 These heirs would then constitute an elite within an elite, bursting with pride to emulate +NtuT2wgy5X4-00180-00072602-00072785 the feat of their late fathers. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00181-00072785-00073245 In addition to the three hundred Spartans, Leonidas took around 4,000 Peloponnesians +NtuT2wgy5X4-00182-00073245-00073498 and around a thousand non-combatant Helots. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00183-00073498-00073950 It is clear that the Thermopylae 300 were to be, in effect, a suicide squad. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00184-00073950-00074442 The pass at Thermopylae had a flat plain in front of it, and that was where the Persians +NtuT2wgy5X4-00185-00074442-00074542 were encamped. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00186-00074542-00074920 The pass through the mountains to the sea was only six feet wide at points. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00187-00074920-00075339 At the point where the pass widened to fifty feet, the Spartans set about repairing an +NtuT2wgy5X4-00188-00075339-00075699 existing wall and making it a much more defensible location. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00189-00075699-00076199 After Xerxe’s vast Persian forces arrived at the pass’ western end, a three of four +NtuT2wgy5X4-00190-00076199-00076449 days’ delay occurred before he launched his assault. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00191-00076449-00076906 In this pre battle pause, it is reported that Xerxes sent a message to Leonidas, demanding +NtuT2wgy5X4-00192-00076906-00077142 that he hand over his arms. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00193-00077142-00077566 The Spartan King replied in just two words – Molon Labe! +NtuT2wgy5X4-00194-00077566-00077822 “Come and get them yourself!” +NtuT2wgy5X4-00195-00077822-00078225 It was also during this lull before the storm that Persian advance reconnaissance reported +NtuT2wgy5X4-00196-00078225-00078647 back to Xerxes the strange behaviour they saw among the Spartans. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00197-00078647-00079141 Rather than being anxious of the coming attack, the Greek warriors appeared supremely at ease. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00198-00079141-00079535 They busied themselves with bathing, braiding one another’s hair and dancing. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00199-00079535-00080029 The Persians interpreted this as signs of fear induced madness until a traitorous Greek +NtuT2wgy5X4-00200-00080029-00080423 in their midst informed the king that the Spartans were not mad. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00201-00080423-00080959 What the Persian spies had seen were the actions of proud heroes preparing themselves for their +NtuT2wgy5X4-00202-00080959-00081213 final life and death struggle. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00203-00081213-00081561 The person king first sent in the Medes, a force of about two thousand. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00204-00081561-00081830 But these forces proved no match for the Spartans. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00205-00081830-00082185 They wore neither helmets nor greaves and their shields were made of wickerwork. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00206-00082185-00082610 In the confined spaces of the pass, they were unable to take advantage of their superiority +NtuT2wgy5X4-00207-00082610-00082710 in numbers. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00208-00082710-00083126 When the Medes unleashed a hail of arrows on the defenders, in unison the Spartans lifted +NtuT2wgy5X4-00209-00083126-00083396 their shields overhead to form a defensive roof over their heads. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00210-00083396-00083748 The Medes and the ranks of troops that followed them did the best they possibly could under +NtuT2wgy5X4-00211-00083748-00083912 the judgemental eye of their king. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00212-00083912-00084241 But it was not enough, and they suffered heavy losses. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00213-00084241-00084647 In fact, losses were so great that, on three occasions, Xerxes is said to have leapt up +NtuT2wgy5X4-00214-00084647-00085148 in horror from his specially constructed throne, appalled at the carnage and slaughter of some +NtuT2wgy5X4-00215-00085148-00085256 of his best men. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00216-00085256-00085657 From behind the protection of the refurbished Phaeacian wall Leonidas’ men resisted by +NtuT2wgy5X4-00217-00085657-00085763 fighting in relays. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00218-00085763-00086263 This clever tactic maximized the efficient output of their limited resources and energies. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00219-00086263-00086733 Leonidas also managed to pull off a series of feigned retreats followed by a sudden about +NtuT2wgy5X4-00220-00086733-00087213 turn, then a murderous onslaught on their overconfident and distorted pursuers. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00221-00087213-00087707 Eventually, towards the end of daylight, Xerxes felt that he had no option but to send in +NtuT2wgy5X4-00222-00087707-00088229 his elite royal bodyguard, the ten thousand Immortals, under the command of Hydarnes. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00223-00088229-00088779 But, once again the attack was to no avail – and it came at the cost of serious casualties. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00224-00088779-00089244 The gore and bloodshed that engorged the narrow mountain pass was overwhelming. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00225-00089244-00089792 The piles of quickly rotting corpses mounted, the flies swarmed and the stench was palpable. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00226-00089792-00090250 The battle raged into a second day, and still Xerxes was unable to make a breakthrough. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00227-00090250-00090747 By now some 20,000 Persians had fallen to the Greek resistance and the demoralizing +NtuT2wgy5X4-00228-00090747-00091194 effect on the remains of the Persian army was telling – why could they not turn back +NtuT2wgy5X4-00229-00091194-00091543 these few rebels? +NtuT2wgy5X4-00230-00091543-00092574 Betrayal and Death With his frustration at boiling point Xerxes +NtuT2wgy5X4-00231-00092574-00093120 finally received his break, not through his military superiority but by means of a traitor. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00232-00093120-00093531 Xerxes was approached by a Greek turn-coat by the name of Ephialtes from the city of +NtuT2wgy5X4-00233-00093531-00093837 Malis who was very familiar with the paths crossing the mountain range. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00234-00093837-00094269 He told the king of another path through the mountain that would allow the Persians to +NtuT2wgy5X4-00235-00094269-00094518 bypass the Greek defensive position. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00236-00094518-00094985 Ephialtes offered to escort as many as 10,000 Persian troops through that path by night +NtuT2wgy5X4-00237-00094985-00095208 and turn the flank of the Spartans. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00238-00095208-00095582 The Spartans knew of the existence of this alternative route, but they didn’t know +NtuT2wgy5X4-00239-00095582-00095727 that Xerxes knew about it. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00240-00095727-00096161 Xerxes gave this special mission to members of the royal guard of Immortals, and led by +NtuT2wgy5X4-00241-00096161-00096594 Ephialtes, they set out in silence at nightfall, aided by a full moon. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00242-00096594-00097094 After a heroic climb through the Anopaea mountain range, up to 1,000 metres, they easily brushed +NtuT2wgy5X4-00243-00097094-00097554 off and bypassed the thousand Phaeacian guards posted by Leonidas. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00244-00097554-00097912 These troops were ill-prepared and were taken completely by surprise. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00245-00097912-00098474 Leonidas has long been blamed for not posting a stronger reinforcement of the Anopea path. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00246-00098474-00098825 By the morning of day 3 of the conflict, the Persians had the Greeks outflanked. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00247-00098825-00099231 Leonidas was now in a pincer grip, caught from the rear as well as the front. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00248-00099231-00099670 It is at this point that Leonidas, having recognized the hopelessness of the situation, +NtuT2wgy5X4-00249-00099670-00100079 gathered his forces together and ordered all of the troops, except the Spartans, to make +NtuT2wgy5X4-00250-00100079-00100179 their escape. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00251-00100179-00100388 Their cities would need them to fight another day. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00252-00100388-00100784 But the Spartans were to make their last stand there at Thermopylae. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00253-00100784-00101176 All melted away, except for a group of about four hundred from Thesbes. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00254-00101176-00101629 When asked by the king why they, too, did not go, they replied that they have stayed +NtuT2wgy5X4-00255-00101629-00101802 because the Spartans have stayed. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00256-00101802-00101926 They would die with them. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00257-00101926-00102226 The Greeks made their last stand mostly outside the Middle Gate wall, enabling them to close +NtuT2wgy5X4-00258-00102226-00102326 directly with the oncoming enemy. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00259-00102326-00102575 Leonidas showed himself a true Spartan by the words with which allegedly ordered his +NtuT2wgy5X4-00260-00102575-00102725 men to take their early morning meal before the final encounter . . . +NtuT2wgy5X4-00261-00102725-00102976 This evening, we shall dine in Hades. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00262-00102976-00103254 The Spartans sold their souls at a heavy cost. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00263-00103254-00103717 The Persian losses at the beginning of Day 3 were reportedly heavier even than those +NtuT2wgy5X4-00264-00103717-00103928 sustained on the previous two days. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00265-00103928-00104376 The Greeks, depleted though their numbers were, repeatedly drove the Persians back. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00266-00104376-00104880 Then, inevitably, the 10, 000 of the Persian Royal Guard of Immortals emerged from the +NtuT2wgy5X4-00267-00104880-00104980 rear. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00268-00104980-00105198 Leonidas fought and died like a man possessed. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00269-00105198-00105631 When his word shattered after one too many death blows, he used his hands and mouth to +NtuT2wgy5X4-00270-00105631-00105838 inflict injury upon the enemy. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00271-00105838-00106348 The exact manner of his death is unrecorded, but we do know that, as soon as he fell, the +NtuT2wgy5X4-00272-00106348-00106655 Persians took hold of the body and tried to drag it away. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00273-00106655-00107058 Seeing this, the Spartans leapt on their king and attempted to pull him back. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00274-00107058-00107464 Four times the body of Leonidas was dragged away before the remnant of the Spartan defenders +NtuT2wgy5X4-00275-00107464-00107847 got full possession of it and formed a defensive circle around it. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00276-00107847-00108349 In this position, with their spears and lances broken, their bodies battered and bloodied, +NtuT2wgy5X4-00277-00108349-00108769 and their dead king in their midst, the Spartans resorted to throwing rocks at the surrounding +NtuT2wgy5X4-00278-00108769-00108900 force of Persians. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00279-00108900-00109409 Finally, a massive hail of arrows was launched and the last Spartans were cut down. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00280-00109409-00109950 Perhaps the greatest testament to the effectiveness of the heroic defence which Leonidas had affected +NtuT2wgy5X4-00281-00109950-00110323 against the Persians was the treatment of his corpse by Xerxes. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00282-00110323-00110716 The Spartan king was decapitated and his body was crucified. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00283-00110716-00111064 Xerxes then went about trying to hide the true number of casualties that his men had +NtuT2wgy5X4-00284-00111064-00111164 suffered. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00285-00111164-00111490 But the great defence by the Spartans could not be hidden from history. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00286-00111490-00111885 The deaths of Leonidas and his fellow Spartans greatly lifted Greek morale. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00287-00111885-00112299 And the vital period that the Spartans had held up the Persian advance gave time for +NtuT2wgy5X4-00288-00112299-00112753 the Athenian Greek fleet to wreak havoc on the Persian navy and eventually led to the +NtuT2wgy5X4-00289-00112753-00112915 defeat of the Persian threat. +NtuT2wgy5X4-00290-00112915-00114744 So, by giving his life so dearly at Thermopylae, Leonidas became the saviour +NtuT2wgy5X4-00291-00114744-00116689 of his people. +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00000-00000184-00000352 I am Kiwanis. +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00001-00000352-00000785 I believe in people. I care +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00002-00000785-00000976 about service +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00003-00000976-00001272 I seek out connection. +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00004-00001272-00001592 I matter to my community because my community +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00005-00001592-00002001 matters to me. I reach out to others. +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00006-00002001-00002421 I reach inside myself because +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00007-00002421-00002946 I am Kiwanis. I know a good cause when I see one. +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00008-00002946-00003380 I know a kindred spirit when I meet one. +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00009-00003380-00003626 I know the impact we make together +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00010-00003626-00003946 and our need to help meets our willingness to act. +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00011-00003946-00004341 I am Kiwanis. +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00012-00004341-00004520 I take notice. +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00013-00004520-00005100 I take pride. I take action. I take the opportunity +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00014-00005100-00005379 to make a real difference +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00015-00005379-00005885 in the life of a child and the life of my town; +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00016-00005885-00006166 in the part of myself that grows stronger +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00017-00006166-00006608 by working and serving with others. I'm here. +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00018-00006608-00006941 I'm inspired. +NE1t9j0lsHQ-00019-00006941-00007581 I am Kiwanis. +NExEUkgcY4c-00000-00001008-00001592 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00001-00005520-00005784 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00002-00009952-00009984 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00003-00013360-00014184 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00004-00015096-00015584 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00005-00016816-00016984 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00006-00022408-00023984 foreign foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00007-00032200-00032383 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00008-00033392-00033784 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00009-00037472-00037984 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00010-00038840-00039384 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00011-00041680-00042184 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00012-00043104-00043584 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00013-00056872-00057584 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00014-00064528-00064584 is +NExEUkgcY4c-00015-00066672-00067384 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00016-00070080-00070184 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00017-00071552-00071584 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00018-00089624-00089784 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00019-00091496-00092584 foreign +NExEUkgcY4c-00020-00092888-00092904 foreign +NFsHFqBr93I-00000-00000520-00000704 Moving on to our next speaker and +NFsHFqBr93I-00001-00000704-00000832 I'll do this very slowly while he gets +NFsHFqBr93I-00002-00000832-00000991 miked up outside. +NFsHFqBr93I-00003-00000991-00001167 Andy Chambers; it's hard to know how to +NFsHFqBr93I-00004-00001167-00001440 prioritise the work he's done to +NFsHFqBr93I-00005-00001440-00001655 introduce him. But if it helps Andy's +NFsHFqBr93I-00006-00001655-00001896 talking about making the most out of the +NFsHFqBr93I-00007-00001896-00002216 range of available remote sensing tools. +NFsHFqBr93I-00008-00002216-00002455 He's managing director at AirborneLogic +NFsHFqBr93I-00009-00002455-00002623 and has a particular interest in +NFsHFqBr93I-00010-00002623-00002832 embracing agri-technology for +NFsHFqBr93I-00011-00002832-00003048 sustainable food production. +NFsHFqBr93I-00012-00003048-00003328 He is also a specialist in water +NFsHFqBr93I-00013-00003328-00003584 management and is using cutting edge +NFsHFqBr93I-00014-00003584-00003824 technology to assist land managers to +NFsHFqBr93I-00015-00003824-00004071 better understand and also to adopt +NFsHFqBr93I-00016-00004071-00004303 sustainable land management practices. +NFsHFqBr93I-00017-00004303-00004464 I could go on for much longer but it's +NFsHFqBr93I-00018-00004464-00004567 probably more interesting to hear it +NFsHFqBr93I-00019-00004567-00004935 from him. Please welcome Andy Chambers. +NFsHFqBr93I-00020-00005367-00005528 Thanks Matt, +NFsHFqBr93I-00021-00005528-00005679 really good to be here. And and one of +NFsHFqBr93I-00022-00005679-00005832 the things I wanted to do first of all +NFsHFqBr93I-00023-00005832-00006032 before I get cracking into trying to get +NFsHFqBr93I-00024-00006032-00006239 onto that performing curve that Oli +NFsHFqBr93I-00025-00006239-00006487 talked about, was actually acknowledge +NFsHFqBr93I-00026-00006487-00006695 the work that Oli has done as part of +NFsHFqBr93I-00027-00006695-00006951 the #Collaboraculture project. He's put his +NFsHFqBr93I-00028-00006951-00007120 heart and soul in the last couple of +NFsHFqBr93I-00029-00007120-00007248 years into +NFsHFqBr93I-00030-00007248-00007384 really developing that through and I +NFsHFqBr93I-00031-00007384-00007576 think in combination with the support +NFsHFqBr93I-00032-00007576-00007792 from PIRSA, state government, Wine +NFsHFqBr93I-00033-00007792-00007959 Australia etc, +NFsHFqBr93I-00034-00007959-00008128 we had the last session on #collaboraculture +NFsHFqBr93I-00035-00008128-00008464 yesterday down in in the city and... +NFsHFqBr93I-00036-00008464-00008671 yeah it kind of almost felt like it was +NFsHFqBr93I-00037-00008671-00008768 a bit of +NFsHFqBr93I-00038-00008768-00008912 an end of a journey. It's not because I +NFsHFqBr93I-00039-00008912-00009040 think it's really the start of a new +NFsHFqBr93I-00040-00009040-00009248 journey, but it was really really good +NFsHFqBr93I-00041-00009248-00009392 to sort of get to that point of seeing +NFsHFqBr93I-00042-00009392-00009568 we're now talking about how we can get +NFsHFqBr93I-00043-00009568-00009856 data into a consistent format in that +NFsHFqBr93I-00044-00009856-00010104 industry for wine, but it goes for +NFsHFqBr93I-00045-00010104-00010279 all of the industries in horticulture +NFsHFqBr93I-00046-00010279-00010384 and +NFsHFqBr93I-00047-00010384-00010528 viticulture whatever it is that we're +NFsHFqBr93I-00048-00010528-00010671 talking about from a crop perspective. +NFsHFqBr93I-00049-00010671-00010935 That needs really really good +NFsHFqBr93I-00050-00010935-00011064 consistent +NFsHFqBr93I-00051-00011064-00011256 management of data behind it and +NFsHFqBr93I-00052-00011256-00011456 that's our challenge. When you speak to +NFsHFqBr93I-00053-00011456-00011640 some of the guys in at the university. +NFsHFqBr93I-00054-00011640-00011856 The machine learning guys, they will talk +NFsHFqBr93I-00055-00011856-00012048 to you about the importance of data for +NFsHFqBr93I-00056-00012048-00012343 the future and I just don't think we're +NFsHFqBr93I-00057-00012343-00012520 quite ready to understand exactly what +NFsHFqBr93I-00058-00012520-00012720 that means in terms of the importance of +NFsHFqBr93I-00059-00012720-00012912 that data. But we're seeing some insights +NFsHFqBr93I-00060-00012912-00013096 into that in companies like Oli +NFsHFqBr93I-00061-00013096-00013319 mentioned with Facebook, with Google, +NFsHFqBr93I-00062-00013319-00013480 that have all had this ability to +NFsHFqBr93I-00063-00013480-00013736 capture huge amounts of data and use +NFsHFqBr93I-00064-00013736-00013936 it to their benefit, but not necessarily +NFsHFqBr93I-00065-00013936-00014208 to the benefit for all of us as a +NFsHFqBr93I-00066-00014208-00014440 community. So we need to be very mindful +NFsHFqBr93I-00067-00014440-00014647 about that, and how we put that. +NFsHFqBr93I-00068-00014647-00014847 So big thank you Oli and I think you +NFsHFqBr93I-00069-00014847-00014991 know if we can all just +NFsHFqBr93I-00070-00014991-00015168 really really acknowledge the work that +NFsHFqBr93I-00071-00015168-00015408 people like Oli have done in our +NFsHFqBr93I-00072-00015408-00015615 collective industries. +NFsHFqBr93I-00073-00015615-00015759 Its really really good so thanks mate. +NFsHFqBr93I-00074-00015759-00015856 Awesome. +NFsHFqBr93I-00075-00015856-00016103 So making the most out of range +NFsHFqBr93I-00076-00016103-00016263 of available remote sensing tools it's +NFsHFqBr93I-00077-00016263-00016359 actually not what I'm going to talk +NFsHFqBr93I-00078-00016359-00016463 about but... +NFsHFqBr93I-00079-00016463-00016600 There will be snippets of that all the +NFsHFqBr93I-00080-00016600-00016768 way through it. It's actually about a +NFsHFqBr93I-00081-00016768-00016928 journey, it's about the experiences that +NFsHFqBr93I-00082-00016928-00017128 some people have had +NFsHFqBr93I-00083-00017128-00017303 in looking at mapping and looking at +NFsHFqBr93I-00084-00017303-00017503 data and working their way through the +NFsHFqBr93I-00085-00017503-00017808 relevancy of that too. As Oli mentioned +NFsHFqBr93I-00086-00017808-00018152 create solutions to problems on farm. +NFsHFqBr93I-00087-00018152-00018328 And it's fascinating when you look at all of +NFsHFqBr93I-00088-00018328-00018440 the amounts of imagery that are +NFsHFqBr93I-00089-00018440-00018631 available out there. +NFsHFqBr93I-00090-00018631-00018768 And you start asking these questions +NFsHFqBr93I-00091-00018768-00018919 about what are we actually using that +NFsHFqBr93I-00092-00018919-00019112 for. So I'll run through in a minute a +NFsHFqBr93I-00093-00019112-00019287 bit more about what remote sensing means +NFsHFqBr93I-00094-00019287-00019447 for those people that may not have even +NFsHFqBr93I-00095-00019447-00019696 come across the term uh remote sensing +NFsHFqBr93I-00096-00019696-00020047 before. So I think just not +NFsHFqBr93I-00097-00020047-00020271 get too too ahead of myself. +NFsHFqBr93I-00098-00020271-00020528 A lot of what we talk about in remote sensing +NFsHFqBr93I-00099-00020528-00020719 is just building resilience. +NFsHFqBr93I-00100-00020719-00020968 Oli mentioned the +NFsHFqBr93I-00101-00020968-00021087 Sustainable +NFsHFqBr93I-00102-00021087-00021280 Winegrowing Australia program and +NFsHFqBr93I-00103-00021280-00021456 really underneath of that you don't get +NFsHFqBr93I-00104-00021456-00021668 too far if you don't have a base map. +NFsHFqBr93I-00105-00021668-00021936 Building resilience, whilst it's not all +NFsHFqBr93I-00106-00021936-00022080 about having a base map, it's about +NFsHFqBr93I-00107-00022080-00022287 having a start point. It's about joining +NFsHFqBr93I-00108-00022287-00022496 the sum of all these things together and +NFsHFqBr93I-00109-00022496-00022640 i'll show you a little bit more about +NFsHFqBr93I-00110-00022640-00022856 that as a pathway to +NFsHFqBr93I-00111-00022856-00023040 I guess what we could have +NFsHFqBr93I-00112-00023040-00023303 only dreamed about some time ago. +NFsHFqBr93I-00113-00023303-00023512 The amount of detail that we're now able +NFsHFqBr93I-00114-00023512-00023687 to see through through imagery to give +NFsHFqBr93I-00115-00023687-00023831 us deep insights into some of the +NFsHFqBr93I-00116-00023831-00024112 problems that we have. +NFsHFqBr93I-00117-00024112-00024352 A little bit about what we do from a +NFsHFqBr93I-00118-00024352-00024640 perspective of using drones accurately. +NFsHFqBr93I-00119-00024640-00024824 We'll talk more or I will about how +NFsHFqBr93I-00120-00024824-00025071 we're drilling right down into this area +NFsHFqBr93I-00121-00025071-00025247 of remote sensing that is just getting +NFsHFqBr93I-00122-00025247-00025424 down to smaller and smaller pixel size +NFsHFqBr93I-00123-00025424-00025616 but so what you know if we drown +NFsHFqBr93I-00124-00025616-00025751 ourselves in all of this data and we +NFsHFqBr93I-00125-00025751-00025887 can't actually physically use it well +NFsHFqBr93I-00126-00025887-00026016 what's the point? +NFsHFqBr93I-00127-00026016-00026224 So we've got to find this pain point uh +NFsHFqBr93I-00128-00026224-00026407 in amongst all of that to to work out +NFsHFqBr93I-00129-00026407-00026639 what those deeper stresses are +NFsHFqBr93I-00130-00026639-00027031 for a grower. +NFsHFqBr93I-00131-00027031-00027248 So remote sensing: I reckon I've +NFsHFqBr93I-00132-00027248-00027431 skipped a couple of +NFsHFqBr93I-00133-00027431-00027624 slides there but that's cool we'll keep +NFsHFqBr93I-00134-00027624-00027824 going. +NFsHFqBr93I-00135-00027824-00027975 Really, remote sensing comes in many +NFsHFqBr93I-00136-00027975-00028272 forms; satellite imagery, drone imagery, +NFsHFqBr93I-00137-00028272-00028424 aircraft imagery. And we've got some +NFsHFqBr93I-00138-00028424-00028672 great supplies here that +NFsHFqBr93I-00139-00028672-00028848 essentially showing you what they can do +NFsHFqBr93I-00140-00028848-00029007 in the tent next door as well as many +NFsHFqBr93I-00141-00029007-00029151 others that can't be here as well. +NFsHFqBr93I-00142-00029151-00029312 So just a little bit of background. +NFsHFqBr93I-00143-00029312-00029463 Satellite imagery has been around for a +NFsHFqBr93I-00144-00029463-00029624 long time. There's a wide range of it +NFsHFqBr93I-00145-00029624-00029880 around. Just a little bit of insight into +NFsHFqBr93I-00146-00029880-00030080 where some of that can come from +NFsHFqBr93I-00147-00030080-00030280 a google earth perspective. +NFsHFqBr93I-00148-00030316-00030675 was the emergence of pivot irrigation +NFsHFqBr93I-00149-00030675-00030836 out in the deserts +NFsHFqBr93I-00150-00030836-00031100 in North Africa and that growth over +NFsHFqBr93I-00151-00031100-00031251 time. And this is the beauty of some of +NFsHFqBr93I-00152-00031251-00031436 the imagery that we have available to us +NFsHFqBr93I-00153-00031436-00031772 is that we can actually compile a story +NFsHFqBr93I-00154-00031772-00032027 over time so regardless whether that's +NFsHFqBr93I-00155-00032027-00032219 satellite or in this case fixed wing +NFsHFqBr93I-00156-00032219-00032356 again we've got lots of really good +NFsHFqBr93I-00157-00032356-00032619 providers, CERES's here as well +NFsHFqBr93I-00158-00032619-00032716 today +NFsHFqBr93I-00159-00032716-00032892 and others that we're bouncing around +NFsHFqBr93I-00160-00032892-00033027 with having a look at different issues +NFsHFqBr93I-00161-00033027-00033204 and different problems. They've all got +NFsHFqBr93I-00162-00033204-00033451 deeper capabilities. In fact some of +NFsHFqBr93I-00163-00033451-00033580 the guys I was having a chat to +NFsHFqBr93I-00164-00033580-00033787 yesterday have put this whopping great +NFsHFqBr93I-00165-00033787-00034027 big camera on a on a mig jet and it's +NFsHFqBr93I-00166-00034027-00034204 ridiculous this is not actually a it's +NFsHFqBr93I-00167-00034204-00034356 not actually an aircraft it's a camera +NFsHFqBr93I-00168-00034356-00034619 with a jet on it's crazy and +NFsHFqBr93I-00169-00034619-00034772 they're starting to to use that for +NFsHFqBr93I-00170-00034772-00034939 really high definition +NFsHFqBr93I-00171-00034939-00035163 imagery as well. So there's all sorts of +NFsHFqBr93I-00172-00035163-00035524 ways of capturing imagery remotely. +NFsHFqBr93I-00173-00035524-00035683 Drones, obviously the area that we do a +NFsHFqBr93I-00174-00035683-00035956 bit of work with, comes with a range +NFsHFqBr93I-00175-00035956-00036163 of different approaches. Some great +NFsHFqBr93I-00176-00036163-00036507 images of the site here at Loxton and +NFsHFqBr93I-00177-00036507-00036700 thanks for Rachel who did a great +NFsHFqBr93I-00178-00036700-00036931 job of getting her drone up above ours +NFsHFqBr93I-00179-00036931-00037124 and getting a bit of a deeper +NFsHFqBr93I-00180-00037124-00037356 insight into some of the deep +NFsHFqBr93I-00181-00037356-00037539 spectral imagery around hyperspectral +NFsHFqBr93I-00182-00037539-00037707 that we're having a look at on site +NFsHFqBr93I-00183-00037707-00037916 here with citrus. +NFsHFqBr93I-00184-00037916-00038212 So really the thing here is 'well +NFsHFqBr93I-00185-00038212-00038412 what problem am I trying to fix? +NFsHFqBr93I-00186-00038412-00038619 Oli touched on this. And what are +NFsHFqBr93I-00187-00038619-00038795 the things if I'm thinking about using +NFsHFqBr93I-00188-00038795-00039019 some kind of remote sensing technology +NFsHFqBr93I-00189-00039019-00039236 do I need to consider? +NFsHFqBr93I-00190-00039236-00039436 When i'm using that type of imagery, what +NFsHFqBr93I-00191-00039436-00039604 are the things that might come into play? +NFsHFqBr93I-00192-00039604-00039804 Might it be cloud, might it be the weather? +NFsHFqBr93I-00193-00039804-00040100 Might it be the repeatability of a +NFsHFqBr93I-00194-00040100-00040275 of a particular cycle of +NFsHFqBr93I-00195-00040275-00040539 satellites for instance? Or is it simply - +NFsHFqBr93I-00196-00040539-00040692 I've got a massive area to do and I'm +NFsHFqBr93I-00197-00040692-00040875 not going to do that with a drone? +NFsHFqBr93I-00198-00040875-00041036 We had a crew out in Western Australia +NFsHFqBr93I-00199-00041036-00041380 last week on 1500 ha of land. +NFsHFqBr93I-00200-00041380-00041651 Doing spot sampling with a drone because +NFsHFqBr93I-00201-00041651-00041912 that's all you can do over that large area. +NFsHFqBr93I-00202-00041912-00042156 So really trying to tease through how you +NFsHFqBr93I-00203-00042156-00042380 bring together the combinations of +NFsHFqBr93I-00204-00042380-00042572 things that might give you deeper +NFsHFqBr93I-00205-00042572-00042739 insight into the problem you got whether +NFsHFqBr93I-00206-00042739-00042916 that be satellite, aircraft, or +NFsHFqBr93I-00207-00042916-00043100 potentially drone, or anything else that +NFsHFqBr93I-00208-00043100-00043468 we might come up with in the future as well. +NFsHFqBr93I-00209-00043475-00043795 So what's driving decision making on farm? +NFsHFqBr93I-00210-00043795-00043987 I think this is a really important story. +NFsHFqBr93I-00211-00043987-00044195 I'm not sure whether this video is +NFsHFqBr93I-00212-00044195-00044387 going to work straight up but there's +NFsHFqBr93I-00213-00044387-00044731 some videos, it's John I think +NFsHFqBr93I-00214-00044731-00044939 embedded them so we'll see what happens. +NFsHFqBr93I-00215-00044939-00045187 If not we'll just work on with it. But +NFsHFqBr93I-00216-00045187-00045419 this is a little story about uh one of +NFsHFqBr93I-00217-00045419-00045572 the growers that we work with up in the +NFsHFqBr93I-00218-00045572-00045756 Clare valley who is really trying to +NFsHFqBr93I-00219-00045756-00045912 define his problem. +NFsHFqBr93I-00220-00045912-00046292 We've gone through a period of very dry +NFsHFqBr93I-00221-00046292-00046531 seasons. We've lacked the water that +NFsHFqBr93I-00222-00046531-00046787 we've needed and so it's become very +NFsHFqBr93I-00223-00046787-00047004 important to try and get our +NFsHFqBr93I-00224-00047004-00047500 production up to a level where we remain viable. +NFsHFqBr93I-00225-00047500-00047756 So the key word there is viable. What's +NFsHFqBr93I-00226-00047756-00047972 affecting him is very much this water +NFsHFqBr93I-00227-00047972-00048124 issue about trying to understand the +NFsHFqBr93I-00228-00048124-00048363 uniformity of irrigation understand the +NFsHFqBr93I-00229-00048363-00048707 complexities and variability on his farm. +NFsHFqBr93I-00230-00048707-00048916 But that key problem for him was +NFsHFqBr93I-00231-00048916-00049148 variability in water and it's a real +NFsHFqBr93I-00232-00049148-00049395 pain point for him. And so we've kind of +NFsHFqBr93I-00233-00049395-00049707 been working through well how do we identify +NFsHFqBr93I-00234-00049707-00049939 a little bit better some of those +NFsHFqBr93I-00235-00049939-00050100 those problems on farm. And this is some +NFsHFqBr93I-00236-00050100-00050243 of the imagery that we've been working +NFsHFqBr93I-00237-00050243-00050483 with him to determine the variability of +NFsHFqBr93I-00238-00050483-00050780 canopy. Down to the per vine level. +NFsHFqBr93I-00239-00050780-00051019 So this is where some of this starts to get +NFsHFqBr93I-00240-00051019-00051260 super super complex in detail of looking +NFsHFqBr93I-00241-00051260-00051427 at the per vine level. And you might say +NFsHFqBr93I-00242-00051427-00051660 well is that too much information for me? +NFsHFqBr93I-00243-00051660-00051812 But it's about how you drill that +NFsHFqBr93I-00244-00051812-00051987 information back out into something +NFsHFqBr93I-00245-00051987-00052203 that's usable. And in Rob's case, what +NFsHFqBr93I-00246-00052203-00052363 he's done here is to look more +NFsHFqBr93I-00247-00052363-00052596 critically at this type of information +NFsHFqBr93I-00248-00052596-00052900 to help him do some work on retrofitting +NFsHFqBr93I-00249-00052900-00053100 his irrigation system to respond to +NFsHFqBr93I-00250-00053100-00053251 those problems that he's seeing on his +NFsHFqBr93I-00251-00053251-00053444 farm which has essentially driven around +NFsHFqBr93I-00252-00053444-00053651 that huge variability that he has in +NFsHFqBr93I-00253-00053651-00053884 some of these blocks and getting those +NFsHFqBr93I-00254-00053884-00054108 vines to better perform and being able +NFsHFqBr93I-00255-00054108-00054355 to track this change over time. So both +NFsHFqBr93I-00256-00054355-00054508 of those images, +NFsHFqBr93I-00257-00054508-00054675 we've literally gone down and flown +NFsHFqBr93I-00258-00054675-00054979 it at super detail four centimeters and +NFsHFqBr93I-00259-00054979-00055139 really starting to be able to measure +NFsHFqBr93I-00260-00055139-00055339 using machine learning and algorithms to +NFsHFqBr93I-00261-00055339-00055572 determine that growth change over time +NFsHFqBr93I-00262-00055572-00055803 looking more deeply at the irrigation uh +NFsHFqBr93I-00263-00055803-00056020 aspects of water use efficiencies +NFsHFqBr93I-00264-00056020-00056196 and drilling into a bit of +NFsHFqBr93I-00265-00056196-00056484 nutrition as well. +NFsHFqBr93I-00266-00056484-00056863 So cost decisions, targeted actions absolutely. +NFsHFqBr93I-00267-00056863-00057060 We've had to sort of reassess +NFsHFqBr93I-00268-00057060-00057315 our management of the vineyard. +NFsHFqBr93I-00269-00057315-00057608 And our management without a lot of water. +NFsHFqBr93I-00270-00057608-00057915 So we have to +NFsHFqBr93I-00271-00057915-00058148 have a higher level of information +NFsHFqBr93I-00272-00058148-00058427 that we can base this on. +NFsHFqBr93I-00273-00058427-00058603 We're now starting to look at +NFsHFqBr93I-00274-00058603-00058939 irrigation efficiencies and this imagery +NFsHFqBr93I-00275-00058939-00059100 is actually showing up +NFsHFqBr93I-00276-00059100-00059324 the poor state of our our +NFsHFqBr93I-00277-00059324-00059491 you know dripper systems. +NFsHFqBr93I-00278-00059491-00059667 And we've actually now on the strength +NFsHFqBr93I-00279-00059667-00059924 of what's happening this year gone out +NFsHFqBr93I-00280-00059924-00060139 and we're actually rebuilding some of +NFsHFqBr93I-00281-00060139-00060284 our original +NFsHFqBr93I-00282-00060284-00060467 irrigation systems. So we're replacing +NFsHFqBr93I-00283-00060467-00060732 dripline and main lines to get that +NFsHFqBr93I-00284-00060732-00060955 evenness throughout the vineyard. So that +NFsHFqBr93I-00285-00060955-00061148 all now all becomes more important +NFsHFqBr93I-00286-00061148-00061467 because now we have to start looking at +NFsHFqBr93I-00287-00061467-00061667 if the water's going out evenly what +NFsHFqBr93I-00288-00061667-00061851 else is happening? What other things are +NFsHFqBr93I-00289-00061851-00062124 happening it's not just water? +NFsHFqBr93I-00290-00062124-00062308 So again this technology is going to be +NFsHFqBr93I-00291-00062308-00062596 pretty handy for us. +NFsHFqBr93I-00292-00062651-00062836 So going back to the discussions around +NFsHFqBr93I-00293-00062836-00063044 #collaborculture, in getting the language of +NFsHFqBr93I-00294-00063044-00063260 data right. What Rob's been able to do +NFsHFqBr93I-00295-00063260-00063412 now is start to pull in different +NFsHFqBr93I-00296-00063412-00063739 information sources and align and layer +NFsHFqBr93I-00297-00063739-00063924 those up over the information that we've +NFsHFqBr93I-00298-00063924-00064148 put into a basic format of mapping +NFsHFqBr93I-00299-00064148-00064403 and spatial imagery. So that he can start +NFsHFqBr93I-00300-00064403-00064563 to see the other things that apply. +NFsHFqBr93I-00301-00064563-00064700 So what he was talking about there was he's +NFsHFqBr93I-00302-00064700-00064860 saying 'okay we know we've got a problem +NFsHFqBr93I-00303-00064860-00065036 with water. We know we've got a problem +NFsHFqBr93I-00304-00065036-00065324 with this variability issue +NFsHFqBr93I-00305-00065324-00065475 but there's other things at play once +NFsHFqBr93I-00306-00065475-00065667 I've nailed that system I know +NFsHFqBr93I-00307-00065667-00065851 I've got my uniformity of distribution +NFsHFqBr93I-00308-00065851-00066012 irrigation correct, I know I've got my +NFsHFqBr93I-00309-00066012-00066139 pressures right. +NFsHFqBr93I-00310-00066139-00066332 If I'm still seeing the variability, what +NFsHFqBr93I-00311-00066332-00066532 is it that's driving that?'. So get my soil +NFsHFqBr93I-00312-00066532-00066779 maps over the top, get my +NFsHFqBr93I-00313-00066779-00066948 nutritional information over the top, and +NFsHFqBr93I-00314-00066948-00067115 try and drill in and see what what are +NFsHFqBr93I-00315-00067115-00067315 the key things that are driving those +NFsHFqBr93I-00316-00067315-00067436 problems. +NFsHFqBr93I-00317-00067436-00067644 And enabling me to have a better +NFsHFqBr93I-00318-00067644-00067860 opportunity to address those other +NFsHFqBr93I-00319-00067860-00068044 key factors about growth over time. +NFsHFqBr93I-00320-00068044-00068203 So it's been really really eye-opening for +NFsHFqBr93I-00321-00068203-00068415 him on this particular block. +NFsHFqBr93I-00322-00068539-00068708 So some of that mapping has obviously +NFsHFqBr93I-00323-00068708-00068900 gone down to +NFsHFqBr93I-00324-00068900-00069179 ust getting the basics right and +NFsHFqBr93I-00325-00069179-00069332 #collaboraculture I think has talked a +NFsHFqBr93I-00326-00069332-00069548 lot about this getting the basics right. +NFsHFqBr93I-00327-00069548-00069732 What are the defined boundaries? +NFsHFqBr93I-00328-00069732-00069915 Are we talking about +NFsHFqBr93I-00329-00069915-00070051 where does your block start? Is it the +NFsHFqBr93I-00330-00070051-00070267 headland? Is it the corner post? What +NFsHFqBr93I-00331-00070267-00070403 is it? What are you driving +NFsHFqBr93I-00332-00070403-00070691 towards? And more lately now, with more of +NFsHFqBr93I-00333-00070691-00070915 a focus starting to become on the +NFsHFqBr93I-00334-00070915-00071196 potentials for robotics, we're seeing how +NFsHFqBr93I-00335-00071196-00071420 important it is to get precise locations +NFsHFqBr93I-00336-00071420-00071700 of posts. That's a real challenge for +NFsHFqBr93I-00337-00071700-00071851 robots to come out into a field and +NFsHFqBr93I-00338-00071851-00071987 suddenly find that there are all these +NFsHFqBr93I-00339-00071987-00072196 posts in the way. There are all these +NFsHFqBr93I-00340-00072196-00072451 plants in the way. So how do we align in +NFsHFqBr93I-00341-00072451-00072627 the mid row between those posts so that +NFsHFqBr93I-00342-00072627-00072796 that robot can go through and do its +NFsHFqBr93I-00343-00072796-00072979 robot tractor with its implements can go +NFsHFqBr93I-00344-00072979-00073203 and do what it needs to do. So all starts +NFsHFqBr93I-00345-00073203-00073660 with this this level of precision measurement. +NFsHFqBr93I-00346-00073660-00073867 So Rob's an interesting character. +NFsHFqBr93I-00347-00073867-00074148 He's got a very diverse business. +NFsHFqBr93I-00348-00074148-00074484 He's got chicken sheds. He's got export hay +NFsHFqBr93I-00349-00074484-00074796 And he's got livestock and +NFsHFqBr93I-00350-00074796-00074963 meat interest as well. So he's seen a +NFsHFqBr93I-00351-00074963-00075203 little bit of where this journey into +NFsHFqBr93I-00352-00075203-00075484 to AgTech has come from and his +NFsHFqBr93I-00353-00075484-00075627 observations are pretty interesting. +NFsHFqBr93I-00354-00075627-00075812 We've got guidance systems and all that +NFsHFqBr93I-00355-00075812-00076060 set up on broadacre and my real +NFsHFqBr93I-00356-00076060-00076315 strong feeling is in viticulture it is a +NFsHFqBr93I-00357-00076315-00076563 long way behind broadacre. Broadacre is +NFsHFqBr93I-00358-00076563-00076972 already adapting a lot of this technology. +NFsHFqBr93I-00359-00076972-00077172 Certainly satellite technology and the +NFsHFqBr93I-00360-00077172-00077427 rest and whereas in viticulture, smaller +NFsHFqBr93I-00361-00077427-00077708 areas, we need more detail. We simply need +NFsHFqBr93I-00362-00077708-00078044 that real detail that perhaps they don't +NFsHFqBr93I-00363-00078044-00078267 require to the same level. +NFsHFqBr93I-00364-00078267-00078500 So really looking at: How do we take some +NFsHFqBr93I-00365-00078500-00078684 of that more traditional +NFsHFqBr93I-00366-00078684-00078867 technology that we've seen driven by the +NFsHFqBr93I-00367-00078867-00079051 broad acre industry from a mapping +NFsHFqBr93I-00368-00079051-00079244 perspective getting it into +NFsHFqBr93I-00369-00079244-00079412 gps systems? +NFsHFqBr93I-00370-00079412-00079660 Variable rate applications and so forth +NFsHFqBr93I-00371-00079660-00079820 coming into the more intensive +NFsHFqBr93I-00372-00079820-00079979 horticultural systems. And we're seeing a +NFsHFqBr93I-00373-00079979-00080236 lot of that action happening in spot +NFsHFqBr93I-00374-00080236-00080451 spraying around in the apple industry +NFsHFqBr93I-00375-00080451-00080675 for instance. In being able to time +NFsHFqBr93I-00376-00080675-00080932 those sprays, reduce massive cost around +NFsHFqBr93I-00377-00080932-00081108 spray applications, and so forth. I think +NFsHFqBr93I-00378-00081108-00081236 we've still got a little way to go yet +NFsHFqBr93I-00379-00081236-00081379 in terms of viticulture and getting to +NFsHFqBr93I-00380-00081379-00081603 that point, but the opportunities are +NFsHFqBr93I-00381-00081603-00081755 clearly there particularly when we get +NFsHFqBr93I-00382-00081755-00082003 down to this ability to see things in +NFsHFqBr93I-00383-00082003-00082160 extreme detail. +NFsHFqBr93I-00384-00082160-00082451 So sort of finally from Rob. +NFsHFqBr93I-00385-00082451-00082684 These guys came into our lives and +NFsHFqBr93I-00386-00082684-00082812 wanted to +NFsHFqBr93I-00387-00082812-00083191 do some trial work with imagery and +NFsHFqBr93I-00388-00083191-00083467 look it just developed from there. +NFsHFqBr93I-00389-00083467-00083603 We saw the benefit. +NFsHFqBr93I-00390-00083603-00083948 And the biggest benefit to me is that +NFsHFqBr93I-00391-00083948-00084212 very, very, accurate +NFsHFqBr93I-00392-00084212-00084548 mapping. We're down to what is it +NFsHFqBr93I-00393-00084548-00084675 a centimetre. +NFsHFqBr93I-00394-00084675-00084820 A couple of centimetres. This is a +NFsHFqBr93I-00395-00084820-00085091 developing technology and if we're +NFsHFqBr93I-00396-00085091-00085275 developing with you +NFsHFqBr93I-00397-00085275-00085467 we get the added benefit of +NFsHFqBr93I-00398-00085467-00085691 not only being able to learn what you're +NFsHFqBr93I-00399-00085691-00085836 producing +NFsHFqBr93I-00400-00085836-00085996 we're actually part of it. +NFsHFqBr93I-00401-00086212-00086444 This notion of partnerships is critical +NFsHFqBr93I-00402-00086444-00086555 and +NFsHFqBr93I-00403-00086555-00086708 it was really encouraging to have a few +NFsHFqBr93I-00404-00086708-00086963 drinks and a meal with the AgTech +NFsHFqBr93I-00405-00086963-00087179 community in the tent next +NFsHFqBr93I-00406-00087179-00087444 door last night at the Loxton hotel. +NFsHFqBr93I-00407-00087444-00087636 There's a really strong camaraderie in +NFsHFqBr93I-00408-00087636-00087779 this industry and I think this is the +NFsHFqBr93I-00409-00087779-00088084 partnerships issue. As a grower +NFsHFqBr93I-00410-00088084-00088372 clearly you want that partnership and I +NFsHFqBr93I-00411-00088372-00088548 see really strong commitment from the +NFsHFqBr93I-00412-00088548-00088763 providers that are here and in the whole +NFsHFqBr93I-00413-00088763-00088972 AgTech community to develop that +NFsHFqBr93I-00414-00088972-00089203 partnership approach. I think there's +NFsHFqBr93I-00415-00089203-00089444 suspicion around +NFsHFqBr93I-00416-00089444-00089596 give me your credit card number and +NFsHFqBr93I-00417-00089596-00089820 we'll charge you 9.99 a month and you'll +NFsHFqBr93I-00418-00089820-00090003 never see anyone. I think that's not what +NFsHFqBr93I-00419-00090003-00090227 farming is about in my mind. It's about +NFsHFqBr93I-00420-00090227-00090348 developing these longer-term +NFsHFqBr93I-00421-00090348-00090572 relationships where we can unpack these +NFsHFqBr93I-00422-00090572-00090844 problems as Oli said we make mistakes +NFsHFqBr93I-00423-00090844-00091100 every day in this technology space. +NFsHFqBr93I-00424-00091100-00091324 It is just moving so fast it's +NFsHFqBr93I-00425-00091324-00091524 almost impossible to keep up with every +NFsHFqBr93I-00426-00091524-00091748 single new thing that comes along. +NFsHFqBr93I-00427-00091748-00091915 Sometimes we make wrong decisions +NFsHFqBr93I-00428-00091915-00092139 but when we're doing and testing it in +NFsHFqBr93I-00429-00092139-00092315 partnership with with growers that want +NFsHFqBr93I-00430-00092315-00092515 to be on that journey, we have a lot +NFsHFqBr93I-00431-00092515-00092667 better chance of getting it right. +NFsHFqBr93I-00432-00092667-00092867 Then I think as a community as +NFsHFqBr93I-00433-00092867-00093108 industries we all win from that. +NFsHFqBr93I-00434-00093108-00093355 I think we feel really, really positive +NFsHFqBr93I-00435-00093355-00093508 about those relationships that we're +NFsHFqBr93I-00436-00093508-00093644 building out across +NFsHFqBr93I-00437-00093644-00093915 the Ag community and I think all +NFsHFqBr93I-00438-00093915-00094075 the providers in the room would probably +NFsHFqBr93I-00439-00094075-00094315 have exactly that same message. +NFsHFqBr93I-00440-00094315-00094524 It's super encouraging to +NFsHFqBr93I-00441-00094524-00094772 see that and I think back to +NFsHFqBr93I-00442-00094772-00095003 the early 90s in being fortunate enough +NFsHFqBr93I-00443-00095003-00095084 to +NFsHFqBr93I-00444-00095084-00095315 install a couple of the very early +NFsHFqBr93I-00445-00095315-00095500 versions of the Sentek soil moisture +NFsHFqBr93I-00446-00095500-00095700 devices with Pete Bus +NFsHFqBr93I-00447-00095700-00096044 out in a paddock in the +NFsHFqBr93I-00448-00096044-00096324 Barossa region. It has come such +NFsHFqBr93I-00449-00096324-00096475 a long way in that period of time and +NFsHFqBr93I-00450-00096475-00096675 it's really, really encouraging to see +NFsHFqBr93I-00451-00096675-00096860 developing out like that. +NFsHFqBr93I-00452-00097020-00097148 So I was going to talk a little bit +NFsHFqBr93I-00453-00097148-00097308 more about the accuracy +NFsHFqBr93I-00454-00097308-00097524 issues. I could come back to that because +NFsHFqBr93I-00455-00097524-00097651 there's a couple of slides I missed +NFsHFqBr93I-00456-00097651-00097924 earlier on that I just want to re-focus +NFsHFqBr93I-00457-00097924-00098148 on. And Oli touched on this +NFsHFqBr93I-00458-00098148-00098436 about the connections into things +NFsHFqBr93I-00459-00098436-00098636 like Sustainable Winegrowing Australia +NFsHFqBr93I-00460-00098636-00098915 and I think that's really important. +NFsHFqBr93I-00461-00098915-00099060 Our backgrounds +NFsHFqBr93I-00462-00099060-00099403 for much of the last 20 or or so years +NFsHFqBr93I-00463-00099403-00099724 has actually been all about this. +NFsHFqBr93I-00464-00099724-00099915 Which is how to think in systems. And +NFsHFqBr93I-00465-00099915-00100108 it's about sustainability and it's about +NFsHFqBr93I-00466-00100108-00100315 some of things that are driving +NFsHFqBr93I-00467-00100315-00100555 overall thinking. +NFsHFqBr93I-00468-00100555-00100732 There's huge confusion out there when +NFsHFqBr93I-00469-00100732-00100955 you look at the total amount of tech +NFsHFqBr93I-00470-00100955-00101267 that's available and it's really hard to +NFsHFqBr93I-00471-00101267-00101436 find your way through that sometimes and +NFsHFqBr93I-00472-00101436-00101748 work out what's the right solution for me. +NFsHFqBr93I-00473-00101748-00102051 It's a busy space and so I come back to +NFsHFqBr93I-00474-00102051-00102403 this notion of finding the right partnership. +NFsHFqBr93I-00475-00102403-00102579 What am I looking at? What am I trying to +NFsHFqBr93I-00476-00102579-00102844 find through in the way of a problem? But +NFsHFqBr93I-00477-00102844-00102988 some of those things +NFsHFqBr93I-00478-00102988-00103251 really ultimately drive into this slide. +NFsHFqBr93I-00479-00103251-00103348 Which is... +NFsHFqBr93I-00480-00103348-00103540 it is data driven. +NFsHFqBr93I-00481-00103540-00103796 It is about being able to compile an +NFsHFqBr93I-00482-00103796-00103964 overall story. +NFsHFqBr93I-00483-00103964-00104131 And something that you can trust that +NFsHFqBr93I-00484-00104131-00104307 gives you this +NFsHFqBr93I-00485-00104307-00104540 change over time picture that you can +NFsHFqBr93I-00486-00104540-00104764 help shape your decisions around. +NFsHFqBr93I-00487-00104764-00104972 That all fits nicely into this whole +NFsHFqBr93I-00488-00104972-00105227 plan - do - check - act +NFsHFqBr93I-00489-00105227-00105475 sustainability framework. +NFsHFqBr93I-00490-00105475-00105635 Change framework. Its been around for +NFsHFqBr93I-00491-00105635-00105900 40-50 years, there's nothing new in that +NFsHFqBr93I-00492-00105900-00106027 but it definitely +NFsHFqBr93I-00493-00106027-00106292 influences how we make decisions. +NFsHFqBr93I-00494-00106292-00106500 You know there's a lot of I guess +NFsHFqBr93I-00495-00106500-00106803 issues in there that uh easy things to say. +NFsHFqBr93I-00496-00106803-00106988 The age old adage of you know, you can't +NFsHFqBr93I-00497-00106988-00107107 manage it if you're not measuring it. +NFsHFqBr93I-00498-00107107-00107300 Well it's so true. +NFsHFqBr93I-00499-00107300-00107540 And this is the data driven experience +NFsHFqBr93I-00500-00107540-00107683 that we're all going to continue to have +NFsHFqBr93I-00501-00107683-00107892 now in a massive way because it is just +NFsHFqBr93I-00502-00107892-00108235 going at such a fast rate. +NFsHFqBr93I-00503-00108235-00108492 I guess in this context of we're +NFsHFqBr93I-00504-00108492-00108651 dealing with a scenario that we haven't +NFsHFqBr93I-00505-00108651-00108779 really dealt with before. We've dealt +NFsHFqBr93I-00506-00108779-00109051 with elements of this before. Pandemics a +NFsHFqBr93I-00507-00109051-00109188 long time ago +NFsHFqBr93I-00508-00109188-00109372 absolutely, but we're dealing with this +NFsHFqBr93I-00509-00109372-00109596 in a cocktail of a very different +NFsHFqBr93I-00510-00109596-00109820 economic climate at the moment +NFsHFqBr93I-00511-00109820-00109979 on the back of recovery around the +NFsHFqBr93I-00512-00109979-00110179 pandemic and this spectre of climate +NFsHFqBr93I-00513-00110179-00110427 change which regardless of how you feel +NFsHFqBr93I-00514-00110427-00110564 about that, +NFsHFqBr93I-00515-00110564-00110788 is driving a lot of things on farm in a +NFsHFqBr93I-00516-00110788-00110972 way that we just simply don't yet +NFsHFqBr93I-00517-00110972-00111172 understand. So having this +NFsHFqBr93I-00518-00111172-00111372 information and this clarity of data +NFsHFqBr93I-00519-00111372-00111603 sitting behind us is going to have you +NFsHFqBr93I-00520-00111603-00111796 in a much better place +NFsHFqBr93I-00521-00111796-00111972 compared to trying to second guess +NFsHFqBr93I-00522-00111972-00112092 what's going to happen in certain +NFsHFqBr93I-00523-00112092-00112307 situations. +NFsHFqBr93I-00524-00112307-00112475 You know resilience building for +NFsHFqBr93I-00525-00112475-00112683 all of our businesses regardless of of +NFsHFqBr93I-00526-00112683-00112868 what type of business we are is +NFsHFqBr93I-00527-00112868-00113116 fundamentally about that diversity and +NFsHFqBr93I-00528-00113116-00113300 and developing really strong resilient +NFsHFqBr93I-00529-00113300-00113444 systems. +NFsHFqBr93I-00530-00113444-00113635 Information and spatial data is just one +NFsHFqBr93I-00531-00113635-00114011 of those ways to get that base +NFsHFqBr93I-00532-00114011-00114379 In a really good solid foundation to start off with. +NFsHFqBr93I-00533-00114379-00114651 So just back through to where I +NFsHFqBr93I-00534-00114651-00114844 was going to round out and leave it +NFsHFqBr93I-00535-00114844-00115011 open for a few questions, +NFsHFqBr93I-00536-00115011-00115524 is really just I think wanting to +NFsHFqBr93I-00537-00115524-00115716 come back to this partnerships issue, yes +NFsHFqBr93I-00538-00115716-00115951 and this level of detail. +NFsHFqBr93I-00539-00115951-00116311 So I'm really chuffed with that, and that’s why we ‘re going down the same path +NFsHFqBr93I-00540-00116311-00116664 with irrigation, because, that is easy picking fruit. +NFsHFqBr93I-00541-00116664-00116879 You just need someone to tap you on the shoulder and say +NFsHFqBr93I-00542-00116879-00117200 “hey are you aware this area is not doing as well as the other area, +NFsHFqBr93I-00543-00117200-00117335 what’s going on here? ” +NFsHFqBr93I-00544-00117335-00117807 Well we all know what’s wrong, but we just haven’t had it pointed put to us +NFsHFqBr93I-00545-00117807-00118816 on the scale that we’ve been able to see, with this, viewing this technology. +NFsHFqBr93I-00546-00118816-00118927 It's really what he was trying to say +NFsHFqBr93I-00547-00118927-00119159 with these insights from an +NFsHFqBr93I-00548-00119159-00119407 AgTech user. +NFsHFqBr93I-00549-00119407-00119583 Really knowing your problem, knowing how +NFsHFqBr93I-00550-00119583-00119800 to tackle and use the right tools for +NFsHFqBr93I-00551-00119800-00120007 the job, critical! +NFsHFqBr93I-00552-00120007-00120192 Understanding what it is that you're +NFsHFqBr93I-00553-00120192-00120407 going to spend on this type of journey. +NFsHFqBr93I-00554-00120407-00120624 Regardless of whether it be +NFsHFqBr93I-00555-00120624-00121048 spatial and remote sensing type information, +NFsHFqBr93I-00556-00121048-00121311 but any form of other AgTech solution +NFsHFqBr93I-00557-00121311-00121440 and really understanding how you're +NFsHFqBr93I-00558-00121440-00121631 going to put that into place. +NFsHFqBr93I-00559-00121631-00121992 I think number six is really, really critical. +NFsHFqBr93I-00560-00121992-00122183 I think when you look at +NFsHFqBr93I-00561-00122183-00122455 all of the issues out on farm including +NFsHFqBr93I-00562-00122455-00122648 mental health, one of the things that we +NFsHFqBr93I-00563-00122648-00122855 do not do well here is +NFsHFqBr93I-00564-00122855-00123040 in the farming sector is value our own +NFsHFqBr93I-00565-00123040-00123151 time and we've got to get better at +NFsHFqBr93I-00566-00123151-00123359 doing that as well. So that should be +NFsHFqBr93I-00567-00123359-00123503 considered in the return on +NFsHFqBr93I-00568-00123503-00123711 investment. If I'm going to put in +NFsHFqBr93I-00569-00123711-00124088 a 100-120 hours in a week +NFsHFqBr93I-00570-00124088-00124303 then you know really what does that mean +NFsHFqBr93I-00571-00124303-00124455 in terms of the overall benefit of my farm? +NFsHFqBr93I-00572-00124455-00124735 Have I really worked out what the impact +NFsHFqBr93I-00573-00124735-00125040 of that is on my life and on my farm and +NFsHFqBr93I-00574-00125040-00125255 the longevity of all those. So I think +NFsHFqBr93I-00575-00125255-00125624 that's a really critical issue to consider. +NFsHFqBr93I-00576-00125624-00125816 Finally I think it's just +NFsHFqBr93I-00577-00125816-00126072 this absolute picture. +NFsHFqBr93I-00578-00126072-00126327 Because we're adults and we work +NFsHFqBr93I-00579-00126327-00126696 in this kind of spatial and visual way +NFsHFqBr93I-00580-00126696-00126792 is this +NFsHFqBr93I-00581-00126792-00126968 change over time issue of being able to +NFsHFqBr93I-00582-00126968-00127255 really look at things from 5, 10, 15 years +NFsHFqBr93I-00583-00127255-00127464 ago and actually fundamentally just see +NFsHFqBr93I-00584-00127464-00127735 that change. And it can be quite stark. +NFsHFqBr93I-00585-00127735-00127848 That image +NFsHFqBr93I-00586-00127848-00128016 previously from North Africa with the +NFsHFqBr93I-00587-00128016-00128168 pivots was a really good example of that. +NFsHFqBr93I-00588-00128168-00128288 I'm sorry we didn't quite get that up there. +NFsHFqBr93I-00589-00128288-00128431 But I think there was +NFsHFqBr93I-00590-00128431-00128600 something like 2500 +NFsHFqBr93I-00591-00128600-00128824 pivots in that image when it came +NFsHFqBr93I-00592-00128824-00129103 through to 2021. You go back 15 years +NFsHFqBr93I-00593-00129103-00129264 ago there was nothing there. So that's +NFsHFqBr93I-00594-00129264-00129416 extraordinary in terms +NFsHFqBr93I-00595-00129416-00129824 of that change of landscape over time. +NFsHFqBr93I-00596-00129824-00130016 Today's not really +NFsHFqBr93I-00597-00130016-00130248 a talk about carbon, but there's a lot of +NFsHFqBr93I-00598-00130248-00130407 work happening in that space. Above +NFsHFqBr93I-00599-00130407-00130607 ground carbon monitoring that we're +NFsHFqBr93I-00600-00130607-00130735 starting to bring in more of these +NFsHFqBr93I-00601-00130735-00130935 spatial techniques to understand what +NFsHFqBr93I-00602-00130935-00131240 that change in landscape looks like. +NFsHFqBr93I-00603-00131240-00131535 The pastoral regions are no stranger to +NFsHFqBr93I-00604-00131535-00131664 being able to have a look at that change +NFsHFqBr93I-00605-00131664-00131831 over time and understand what that means +NFsHFqBr93I-00606-00131831-00132048 from a farm longevity as well as just +NFsHFqBr93I-00607-00132048-00132296 collecting baseline information. +NFsHFqBr93I-00608-00132296-00132600 So that's probably pretty much it from me I +NFsHFqBr93I-00609-00132600-00132744 reckon i've maybe caught up on a few +NFsHFqBr93I-00610-00132744-00132975 minutes. That was a race through. +NFsHFqBr93I-00611-00132975-00133168 Any questions? +NFsHFqBr93I-00612-00133192-00133351 Thanks Andy for that presentation, +NFsHFqBr93I-00613-00133351-00133544 Mike Krause from Plan2Profit Agri. +NFsHFqBr93I-00614-00133544-00133744 We're sort of set up to help farmers +NFsHFqBr93I-00615-00133744-00133968 look at their profitability by patch or +NFsHFqBr93I-00616-00133968-00134127 by variety. +NFsHFqBr93I-00617-00134127-00134368 And I keep looking at those images that +NFsHFqBr93I-00618-00134368-00134592 are developed by satellite and drone, and +NFsHFqBr93I-00619-00134592-00134872 saying okay what can we do with that to help +NFsHFqBr93I-00620-00134872-00135240 farmers to you know say okay is it more +NFsHFqBr93I-00621-00135240-00135431 investing in irrigation is that the +NFsHFqBr93I-00622-00135431-00135592 problem? How do you determine from those +NFsHFqBr93I-00623-00135592-00135816 images whether it's an irrigation issue, +NFsHFqBr93I-00624-00135816-00136183 or it's a nutrient issue, or it's a soil issue, +NFsHFqBr93I-00625-00136183-00136400 or it might even be a weed issue? +NFsHFqBr93I-00626-00136400-00136559 And then sort of forward projecting if +NFsHFqBr93I-00627-00136559-00136800 we change that color from green to red +NFsHFqBr93I-00628-00136800-00136959 what does that mean from a productivity +NFsHFqBr93I-00629-00136959-00137192 perspective? Great question, we'll +NFsHFqBr93I-00630-00137192-00137311 probably run through a few of those +NFsHFqBr93I-00631-00137311-00137607 images over the afternoon in the +NFsHFqBr93I-00632-00137607-00137824 in the tent next door. +NFsHFqBr93I-00633-00137824-00138031 Generally when a lot of those maps are +NFsHFqBr93I-00634-00138031-00138264 presented, they're presented as a +NFsHFqBr93I-00635-00138264-00138464 specific issue. So the one that I showed +NFsHFqBr93I-00636-00138464-00138720 up was actually canopy variability. +NFsHFqBr93I-00637-00138720-00138879 So we're measuring the +NFsHFqBr93I-00638-00138879-00139096 the change in canopy over time so +NFsHFqBr93I-00639-00139096-00139231 particularly useful for things like +NFsHFqBr93I-00640-00139231-00139440 eutypa, die back in vines and +NFsHFqBr93I-00641-00139440-00139607 understanding how that's creeping in +NFsHFqBr93I-00642-00139607-00139855 with more +NFsHFqBr93I-00643-00139855-00139968 gaps. +NFsHFqBr93I-00644-00139968-00140207 Reduced caught on actually growing +NFsHFqBr93I-00645-00140207-00140416 anything productive. So it's a measure of +NFsHFqBr93I-00646-00140416-00140672 the productive capability +NFsHFqBr93I-00647-00140672-00140824 of the vineyard. +NFsHFqBr93I-00648-00140824-00141024 Other of those colours potentially are +NFsHFqBr93I-00649-00141024-00141383 around nitrogen deficiency or +NFsHFqBr93I-00650-00141383-00141679 other macro nutrients that we can +NFsHFqBr93I-00651-00141679-00141903 specifically show the variability in +NFsHFqBr93I-00652-00141903-00142103 those nutrients. So I can help +NFsHFqBr93I-00653-00142103-00142383 guide action and decision making around +NFsHFqBr93I-00654-00142383-00142551 nutrition. +NFsHFqBr93I-00655-00142551-00142751 And then specific algorithms that are +NFsHFqBr93I-00656-00142751-00142975 being developed for weed identification. +NFsHFqBr93I-00657-00142975-00143175 So we can actually fly through areas now +NFsHFqBr93I-00658-00143175-00143544 and say that is wheat x, that is weed y. +NFsHFqBr93I-00659-00143544-00143792 And that's really useful from monitoring. +NFsHFqBr93I-00660-00143792-00143951 Is that becoming more problematic? +NFsHFqBr93I-00661-00143951-00144272 Is that particular weed growing in significance? +NFsHFqBr93I-00662-00144272-00144448 Or where is it? So that I can go out and +NFsHFqBr93I-00663-00144448-00144703 spot spray it. So we're seeing some awesome +NFsHFqBr93I-00664-00144703-00144911 development in that area now, where we've +NFsHFqBr93I-00665-00144911-00145192 got spray units going out and targeting +NFsHFqBr93I-00666-00145192-00145575 selectively the actual weed problem and +NFsHFqBr93I-00667-00145575-00145759 for massively reducing the amount of +NFsHFqBr93I-00668-00145759-00145920 costs associated with those herbicides. +NFsHFqBr93I-00669-00145920-00146103 So it's about presenting the information +NFsHFqBr93I-00670-00146103-00146279 in a format that's directly linked to +NFsHFqBr93I-00671-00146279-00146379 that ROI. +NFsHFqBr93I-00672-00146568-00146811 Any other questions you might have? +NFsHFqBr93I-00673-00147064-00147392 Nope looks like you're off the hook. +NFsHFqBr93I-00674-00147392-00147607 Round of applause, please thank you +NFsHFqBr93I-00675-00147607-00147800 thanks Andy. +NFsHFqBr93I-00676-00147800-00148092 [music] +NFsHFqBr93I-00677-00148092-00148631 [captions - esmedia.com.au] +NFCe2NrYse8-00000-00000039-00000275 Our experience always +NFCe2NrYse8-00001-00000418-00000933 Devolves the memory that is to say to the representation of our experience +NFCe2NrYse8-00002-00001153-00001279 our +NFCe2NrYse8-00003-00001279-00001396 memories +NFCe2NrYse8-00004-00001396-00001513 our +NFCe2NrYse8-00005-00001513-00001713 concepts our +NFCe2NrYse8-00006-00001792-00002297 descriptions of life which is not life, but a description of this our +NFCe2NrYse8-00007-00002418-00002548 definitions +NFCe2NrYse8-00008-00002548-00003114 Which is not that which is being defined namely not presence our +NFCe2NrYse8-00009-00003238-00003527 Explanations our justifications our rationalizations +NFCe2NrYse8-00010-00003739-00003939 shape our +NFCe2NrYse8-00011-00003976-00004105 experiences +NFCe2NrYse8-00012-00004105-00004416 So that rather than experience something directly +NFCe2NrYse8-00013-00004480-00004809 like as an open and an opening you and I +NFCe2NrYse8-00014-00004882-00005318 experienced through the already structures of interpretation +NFCe2NrYse8-00015-00005382-00005666 namely our structure of concepts a +NFCe2NrYse8-00016-00005803-00006239 conceptually shaped experience reinforces the concept of shape take +NFCe2NrYse8-00017-00006292-00006761 the reinforce concepts more fully shapes the experience +NFCe2NrYse8-00018-00006814-00007016 the More fully Shaped experience +NFCe2NrYse8-00019-00007084-00007559 Reinforces the concepts and more and it goes around like this in a vicious circle +NFCe2NrYse8-00020-00007654-00008283 that is what you and I live in - I +NFCe2NrYse8-00021-00008710-00009365 Say that you and I live into a Vicious circle +NFCe2NrYse8-00022-00009520-00010061 What is before us is not our past like a history? +NFCe2NrYse8-00023-00010129-00010329 although many people +NFCe2NrYse8-00024-00010345-00010545 Use that interpretation +NFCe2NrYse8-00025-00010600-00011354 Rather what is before us is this vicious circle of the collapse of these two domains in which? +NFCe2NrYse8-00026-00011449-00011651 there is no distinction between +NFCe2NrYse8-00027-00011761-00011961 What is and? +NFCe2NrYse8-00028-00012007-00012118 my +NFCe2NrYse8-00029-00012118-00012819 representation of what is in which there is no distinction between the presence and the concept of +NFCe2NrYse8-00030-00012928-00013500 The things in our lives that we live in to what goes in front of us +NFCe2NrYse8-00031-00013534-00014031 The space into which we live our lives is this Vicious circle? +NFCe2NrYse8-00032-00014237-00014437 Now there's something very powerful +NFCe2NrYse8-00033-00014515-00014715 about just that if +NFCe2NrYse8-00034-00014779-00015303 You just restore the distinctions that you inherited as a human being +NFCe2NrYse8-00035-00015440-00015837 so that life can show up when it is present as a present and +NFCe2NrYse8-00036-00015926-00016398 Life can show up when it is being represented or conceptual as a concept? +NFCe2NrYse8-00037-00016448-00016851 So I want you to be very very very clear that I am not talking about +NFCe2NrYse8-00038-00016934-00017134 getting rid of concepts +NFCe2NrYse8-00039-00017179-00017379 I'm not talking about +NFCe2NrYse8-00040-00017387-00017587 irrational +NFCe2NrYse8-00041-00017669-00018297 I'm not talking something panting intellectual that is for me like cutting off +NFCe2NrYse8-00042-00018440-00018640 half of yourself +NFCe2NrYse8-00043-00018712-00019416 No, there's a richness and a power and a validity and a value in our concepts +NFCe2NrYse8-00044-00019529-00019948 In our descriptions of life in our stories about life +NFCe2NrYse8-00045-00020020-00020493 but not when they're confused with the presence of life and +NFCe2NrYse8-00046-00020579-00021247 For the most part for most people we have fallen into a collapse of these domains of distinction +NFCe2NrYse8-00047-00022217-00022495 So change won't work +NFCe2NrYse8-00048-00022820-00023037 because change only +NFCe2NrYse8-00049-00023114-00023377 alters the circumstances in the Vicious circle +NFCe2NrYse8-00050-00023486-00023776 only becomes another form of survival +NFCe2NrYse8-00051-00024197-00024510 creation is something from nothing from +NFCe2NrYse8-00052-00024809-00025210 the no possibility of being for human beings +NFCe2NrYse8-00053-00025349-00026086 From the emptiness and meaninglessness of the thunderstorm, which we are +NFCe2NrYse8-00054-00026261-00026377 from that +NFCe2NrYse8-00055-00026377-00026522 emptiness and +NFCe2NrYse8-00056-00026522-00026663 meaninglessness +NFCe2NrYse8-00057-00026663-00027088 From that no possibility from nothing something +NFCe2NrYse8-00058-00027482-00027682 Really? +NFCe2NrYse8-00059-00027727-00028479 Really have you got anything in your whole life which isn't predicated on something +NFCe2NrYse8-00060-00028961-00029161 no you +NFCe2NrYse8-00061-00029249-00029773 Haven't got anything in your whole life which isn't a predicate +NFCe2NrYse8-00062-00029867-00030108 Which isn't predicated on something? +NFCe2NrYse8-00063-00030500-00030760 Everything in our lives is a derivative +NFCe2NrYse8-00064-00031094-00031513 We're always living in to the options +NFCe2NrYse8-00065-00031763-00031931 and +NFCe2NrYse8-00066-00031931-00032131 to create +NFCe2NrYse8-00067-00032141-00032258 is +NFCe2NrYse8-00068-00032258-00032408 to Act +NFCe2NrYse8-00069-00032408-00032573 without +NFCe2NrYse8-00070-00032573-00032773 predicate +NFCe2NrYse8-00071-00034086-00034588 So I'm leaving you in front of a blank canvas +NFCe2NrYse8-00072-00034980-00035180 I'm not leaving you with a message +NFCe2NrYse8-00073-00035358-00035558 I'm not leaving you with an answer +NFCe2NrYse8-00074-00035637-00036169 I'm not leaving you with a prescription. I'm not leaving you any better than you were when you walked in +NFCe2NrYse8-00075-00036471-00036671 I'm not leaving you improve +NFCe2NrYse8-00076-00036878-00037081 I'm leaving you with a Blank canvas +NFCe2NrYse8-00077-00037238-00037438 with an invitation +NFCe2NrYse8-00078-00037905-00038353 What we're talking about is a little bit like an example. I want to give you out of evolution +NFCe2NrYse8-00079-00038526-00038893 We told that life again is a bit of protoplasm in a tropical sea +NFCe2NrYse8-00080-00038894-00039538 And if at yeon's the time you get life all over the sea in many various forms and so on and so forth +NFCe2NrYse8-00081-00039719-00039894 That's what we're told +NFCe2NrYse8-00082-00039894-00040114 We're told that life in the sea +NFCe2NrYse8-00083-00040221-00040453 Has evolved to cover every +NFCe2NrYse8-00084-00040521-00040721 Niche and +NFCe2NrYse8-00085-00040728-00041222 Cranny in the Sea. There's life all over the to the top to the bottom from Fresh to soul +NFCe2NrYse8-00086-00041286-00041486 from one sea to another +NFCe2NrYse8-00087-00041519-00041666 and +NFCe2NrYse8-00088-00041666-00041866 Then there's this story +NFCe2NrYse8-00089-00041886-00042182 about a fish who walked up on Land and +NFCe2NrYse8-00090-00042284-00042493 I say that that's not evolution +NFCe2NrYse8-00091-00042702-00042953 That is to say that happens in an instant +NFCe2NrYse8-00092-00043236-00043684 Compared to evolution and in that instant +NFCe2NrYse8-00093-00043916-00044491 elephants and Eagles come into existence like a possibility +NFCe2NrYse8-00094-00044790-00044990 for me +NFCe2NrYse8-00095-00045144-00045607 the possibility the opening the freedom the chance +NFCe2NrYse8-00096-00045759-00046507 To live with those concerns with those questions makes like an enormous privilege +NFCe2NrYse8-00097-00046830-00047477 so being here tonight with you is for me a very profound privilege and +NFCe2NrYse8-00098-00047610-00047962 For that privilege. I want to thank you goodnight +NFCe2NrYse8-00099-00048920-00049120 you +NFCe2NrYse8-00100-00050038-00050238 you +NGYYeK6t8ac-00000-00001010-00001310 Hello! My name is Tristania, I am pleased to welcome you! +NGYYeK6t8ac-00001-00001352-00001822 Today I'll show you how to make these earrings! Enjoy! :) +NGYYeK6t8ac-00002-00001900-00003600 We need six colors polymer clay, easy and relief of the blade, a rolling pin, tracing paper, a piece of paper, sandpaper, paint and accessories Fimo +NGYYeK6t8ac-00003-00003800-00004300 Mix the primary colors with translucent polymer clay. Good mash. +NGYYeK6t8ac-00004-00006700-00007500 Roll out the black polymer clay 2.5mm layer. Cut in half and stacked together. +NGYYeK6t8ac-00005-00009000-00009800 Colorful clay is rolled 2.5 mm thick. Cut in half and stacked together. +NGYYeK6t8ac-00006-00010200-00010700 Relief of the blade cut off equal strips of each color. +NGYYeK6t8ac-00007-00016400-00016900 Puts pattern, alternating colors. +NGYYeK6t8ac-00008-00019600-00020500 When the reservoir is ready, cut in half. We put half on both sides of the formation of black polymer clay. +NGYYeK6t8ac-00009-00024400-00024800 We continue to stack picture! :) +NGYYeK6t8ac-00010-00032400-00032800 We are asking too much and cropped shape +NGYYeK6t8ac-00011-00034100-00035000 To everything was smooth, smooth earrings. +NGYYeK6t8ac-00012-00040000-00040400 Bake! The temperature see the package of polymer clay! +NGYYeK6t8ac-00013-00040800-00041800 Once cooled earrings, proceed to sanding. This adds depth to the colors, as well as erase defects! +NGYYeK6t8ac-00014-00046700-00047200 After I covered with lacquer earrings and fastened fittings. +NGYYeK6t8ac-00015-00047300-00047600 Done!:) Here's what I got! +NGYYeK6t8ac-00016-00047700-00048100 Did you watch a master class from Tristania! +NGYYeK6t8ac-00017-00048200-00048400 Put Like! Leave your comments! And subscribe to my channel! +NGYYeK6t8ac-00018-00048500-00048900 New video every day from Monday to Friday! Until next lesson! Bye Bye :) +NJj4h4khlJA-00000-00000834-00001088 [FLAMENCO ♫♫♫] +NJj4h4khlJA-00001-00019885-00020136 That's oyster. +NJj4h4khlJA-00002-00020136-00020619 Just one oyster from the local and I ordered it from there. +NJj4h4khlJA-00003-00020619-00020908 Here's lemon... +NJj4h4khlJA-00004-00021399-00021600 I'm gonna taste it. +NJj4h4khlJA-00005-00021600-00021806 It's raw by the way. +NJj4h4khlJA-00006-00022861-00023142 Oh, I love oysters. +NJj4h4khlJA-00007-00023142-00023374 It's delicious! +NJj4h4khlJA-00008-00030425-00030620 [FLAMENCO ♫♫♫] +NNTpomdv2Tc-00000-00000050-00000451 WARNING YOU MUST HAVE ROOT ON YOUR CELL +NNTpomdv2Tc-00001-00000451-00001152 FAILED TO LOG IN WITH GOOGLE SERVERS +NNTpomdv2Tc-00002-00001194-00001650 STEPS TO FOLLOW +NNTpomdv2Tc-00003-00001666-00002362 Download Rroot explorer apk by googling it and install it to your device. +NNTpomdv2Tc-00004-00002362-00003100 Or to avoid search, you can click on the link of the description +NNTpomdv2Tc-00005-00003238-00003796 Select the file according to your version of android that you have +NNTpomdv2Tc-00006-00003936-00004444 Continue with the steps on page +NNTpomdv2Tc-00007-00004586-00004992 Accept the alert +NNTpomdv2Tc-00008-00005392-00005788 In case that not has been pulsed here to initiate the installation of the app, you go to downloads +NNTpomdv2Tc-00009-00005956-00006362 and initiate the installation of the app. +NNTpomdv2Tc-00010-00007930-00008330 Once installed, open it; +NNTpomdv2Tc-00011-00008948-00009344 it will open a list of folders and files +NNTpomdv2Tc-00012-00009344-00009752 Search the folder System +NNTpomdv2Tc-00013-00009752-00010146 and then etc. +NNTpomdv2Tc-00014-00010212-00010616 Press the option MOUNT +NNTpomdv2Tc-00015-00010616-00011108 And allow the superuser access to the app +NNTpomdv2Tc-00016-00011298-00011746 Now search a file called hosts +NNTpomdv2Tc-00017-00011746-00012110 and press until select it. +NNTpomdv2Tc-00018-00012220-00012514 Go to the file options +NNTpomdv2Tc-00019-00012514-00012738 and open in Text editor +NNTpomdv2Tc-00020-00012780-00013182 Allow it +NNTpomdv2Tc-00021-00013182-00013578 Erase everything and type following: 127.0.0.1 localhost #127.185.66.4 android.clients.google.com +NNTpomdv2Tc-00022-00013578-00013978 I had already done this, i'm just explaining the solution I've found with my other phone. +NNTpomdv2Tc-00023-00014030-00014288 Then go to options +NNTpomdv2Tc-00024-00014288-00014824 and press Save and exit. +NNTpomdv2Tc-00025-00014940-00015340 If you have Google play services, skip this and create or login with your Google account. +NNTpomdv2Tc-00026-00015340-00015730 Now if you have not google play services installed, you can check it in Settings +NNTpomdv2Tc-00027-00015730-00016206 Application manager +NNTpomdv2Tc-00028-00016206-00016748 And check if you have the app. +NNTpomdv2Tc-00029-00017226-00017764 If you don't have, then download the .apk by googling like the .apk of Root explorer +NNTpomdv2Tc-00030-00017764-00018852 Open your browser and type Google play services apk for android 4.4/5.0 or for whatever version that you have. +NNTpomdv2Tc-00031-00018852-00019700 Then just install it, and go to create or login with your Google account. +NNTpomdv2Tc-00032-00019872-00020296 Thanks for watching the video, I hope you has been helpful. +NNTpomdv2Tc-00033-00020374-00020848 If you have questions or suggestions, do not hesitate to comment. +NOW4hN1emcy-00000-00001612-00001754 [PEPPER TV] +NOW4hN1emcy-00001-00002044-00002320 Hi and Anri's meet!(not the first time) (They had a brief encounter long time ago!) +NOW4hN1emcy-00002-00002876-00002976 (Hey!) +NOW4hN1emcy-00003-00003040-00003138 (Hi!) +NOW4hN1emcy-00004-00003338-00003534 (You are my sister's boyfriend!) +NOW4hN1emcy-00005-00003956-00004056 (Oh, come on!!) +NOW4hN1emcy-00006-00004224-00004554 It's the day of Anri, Hi and Pepper's dating! +NOW4hN1emcy-00007-00008212-00008434 I'm so happy by just seeing those Black Beauties. +NOW4hN1emcy-00008-00008434-00008500 I'm so happy by just seeing those Black Beauties. -Pepper, come here. +NOW4hN1emcy-00009-00008590-00008782 Hi, wait. Anri, wait. +NOW4hN1emcy-00010-00008824-00009034 Trying to take a picture of three of them together +NOW4hN1emcy-00011-00009404-00009504 Pepper, come more. +NOW4hN1emcy-00012-00009598-00009748 (A view on Pepper is remote-controlled) +NOW4hN1emcy-00013-00009748-00009936 (A view on Pepper is remote-controlled) -More, Pepper. Good. +NOW4hN1emcy-00014-00010108-00010324 Anri, sit. Sit. +NOW4hN1emcy-00015-00010486-00010714 Pepper, come here. Sit. Lay down. +NOW4hN1emcy-00016-00010780-00010966 Hi, come here. Sit. +NOW4hN1emcy-00017-00011174-00011396 I can remote control them lol +NOW4hN1emcy-00018-00011926-00012146 It's so beautiful...^^... +NOW4hN1emcy-00019-00013344-00013552 Anri and Hi are the handsome guys in different type. +NOW4hN1emcy-00020-00013906-00014063 Different in ear shapes (lying ears and upright, pointed ears) +NOW4hN1emcy-00021-00014336-00014497 Anri has light brown-colored eyes. +NOW4hN1emcy-00022-00015096-00015380 Hi's owner is whoever throws the ball ^^... +NOW4hN1emcy-00023-00016056-00016204 Do they sleep well after playing like this? +NOW4hN1emcy-00024-00016204-00016360 They don't lol (at all^^) +NOW4hN1emcy-00025-00016516-00016796 Do you really have to put the ball in water bowl?... +NOW4hN1emcy-00026-00017020-00017258 (It's mine) +NOW4hN1emcy-00027-00017438-00017714 I put new and clean water again +NOW4hN1emcy-00028-00017904-00018058 Don't put it in~ +NOW4hN1emcy-00029-00018246-00018392 Hi, water. Hi, water. +NOW4hN1emcy-00030-00018898-00018998 Pepper, drink water too. +NOW4hN1emcy-00031-00019794-00020036 (My ball my ball!!!) +NOW4hN1emcy-00032-00020306-00020588 It's not yours....^^... +NOW4hN1emcy-00033-00021604-00021752 He worries to be stolen lol +NOW4hN1emcy-00034-00022070-00022200 Pepper, drink water. +NOW4hN1emcy-00035-00022932-00023222 Is it good to drink the water you put your paws in..? +NOW4hN1emcy-00036-00023294-00023462 It(water) is dirty again~ +NOW4hN1emcy-00037-00023484-00023680 It's muddy water~ +NOW4hN1emcy-00038-00024566-00024748 Pepper! Again! +NOW4hN1emcy-00039-00025118-00025260 Pepper, what is this? +NOW4hN1emcy-00040-00025658-00025718 But it gets cleaned as we walk...haha... +NOW4hN1emcy-00041-00025718-00025918 But it gets cleaned as we walk...haha... -Hi. Hi. +NOW4hN1emcy-00042-00025986-00026086 What is this? +NOW4hN1emcy-00043-00028168-00028360 Hi, walk straight~ +NOW4hN1emcy-00044-00028798-00029139 Zigzag man +NOW4hN1emcy-00045-00029186-00029386 This is why you don't have a girlfriend, Hi. +NOW4hN1emcy-00046-00029386-00029492 LOLOLOLOL +NOW4hN1emcy-00047-00031232-00031466 Zigzag man +NOW4hN1emcy-00048-00031589-00031824 They are so handsome either it's lying ears or upright ears... +NOW4hN1emcy-00049-00032360-00032570 It's time that Anri to go back to Busan ㅠ.ㅠ +NOW4hN1emcy-00050-00034016-00034316 Anri is so calm even in trains. (Anri, the gentle man) +NOW4hN1emcy-00051-00034748-00034914 Bye~ +NOW4hN1emcy-00052-00034914-00035014 Anri, bye~ +NOW4hN1emcy-00053-00035082-00035360 We'll see you soon* +NQgaXNf3cik-00000-00000224-00001072 hey everybody robbie here with robbie's fly tying chan ole hey you gotta check out this video so i +NQgaXNf3cik-00001-00001072-00001776 just went down to this local um state park called eagle island state park they have a big pond there +NQgaXNf3cik-00002-00001848-00002512 lake pond i guess it's more of a pond anyway they must have just stocked it this week i caught more +NQgaXNf3cik-00003-00002512-00003120 trout than i've ever caught on my fly rod i think in two or three hours i caught like 40 trout +NQgaXNf3cik-00004-00003120-00003888 it was insane started off using streamers boom boom boom switched to a black woolly bugger +NQgaXNf3cik-00005-00003888-00004480 unweighted now i'm using full sinking line on my fly rod so it's perfect combination +NQgaXNf3cik-00006-00004480-00005080 full sinking line with a nice light fly because you get that light feel but your line is bringing +NQgaXNf3cik-00007-00005080-00005640 it down and you can bring it up so you cover the whole you know spectrum of where the fish are +NQgaXNf3cik-00008-00005720-00006328 everything was awesome copper john with a uh i've been tying these mcfly foam +NQgaXNf3cik-00009-00006480-00006872 little egg patterns they look just like salmon eggs those were catching them +NQgaXNf3cik-00010-00006872-00007423 anyway check out the video it's awesome i think between and i was there with my friend dave +NQgaXNf3cik-00011-00007423-00007792 who i didn't even know was going to be there he just happened to be there i think we caught like +NQgaXNf3cik-00012-00007792-00008696 80 trout between the two of us it was really fun so check it out here it is and cheer hey everybody +NQgaXNf3cik-00013-00008696-00009280 robbie here with robbie's fly tying channel i am at eagle island state park +NQgaXNf3cik-00014-00009352-00009840 and guess who's out there my friend dave i knew he was going to be here he's in +NQgaXNf3cik-00015-00009840-00010208 his look how fancy he is in his little boat with its little motor and everything +NQgaXNf3cik-00016-00010344-00010776 now he does have a fish on his line so i okay i can't really give him that much crap +NQgaXNf3cik-00017-00010912-00011672 anyway it's a beautiful day i'm going to use this little uh duck quill streamer dave says +NQgaXNf3cik-00018-00011672-00012416 he's doing really good on using like a pheasant tail how many of you caught dave 20th oh he's only +NQgaXNf3cik-00019-00012416-00013160 caught 20. he's not doing very well let's get to this it's so funny that you're here this is great +NQgaXNf3cik-00020-00013576-00013800 are you dave are you stripping it in +NQgaXNf3cik-00021-00013800-00014184 fast +NQgaXNf3cik-00022-00014447-00014928 well i've gotten a hit i've got every single cast i've made i've gotten a hit +NQgaXNf3cik-00023-00014928-00015776 there we go i got one wow he's nice looking he's at least 50 pounds +NQgaXNf3cik-00024-00016024-00017264 minimum oh yeah this is a 50 pound fish this is fun already +NQgaXNf3cik-00025-00017648-00017808 yeah we're frustrated comedians +NQgaXNf3cik-00026-00018056-00018384 i'm not gonna use it +NQgaXNf3cik-00027-00018608-00019336 dave hey check it out man yeah look at this fish i just caught hey rob beautiful +NQgaXNf3cik-00028-00019400-00019928 all right dude go get big make us proud what's that you got one too +NQgaXNf3cik-00029-00020240-00020400 i figured this would be a good idea +NQgaXNf3cik-00030-00020784-00021184 ah let's see here +NQgaXNf3cik-00031-00023240-00023984 do +NQgaXNf3cik-00032-00024216-00025384 so +NQgaXNf3cik-00033-00027592-00028183 so +NQgaXNf3cik-00034-00029104-00029912 okay let's get it out there so anyway the trout seem to be near the surface but i don't +NQgaXNf3cik-00035-00029912-00030608 have my floating line so i'm sinking full sinking line but i'm using a very light fly +NQgaXNf3cik-00036-00030752-00030983 does seem to be working pretty well +NQgaXNf3cik-00037-00032016-00032183 well this water is pretty cold dave +NQgaXNf3cik-00038-00032336-00032928 there we go i thought i was going to go three casts without getting one but that didn't happen +NQgaXNf3cik-00039-00033232-00033352 that did not happen +NQgaXNf3cik-00040-00033560-00035184 he's fighting pretty good for i mean you know he's not he's not a hammerhead shark or anything but +NQgaXNf3cik-00041-00036248-00036728 hey look everybody dave he got off his elitist high horse +NQgaXNf3cik-00042-00036728-00037016 and he's walking out to fish with the normal fly fisherman now +NQgaXNf3cik-00043-00037488-00037984 dave i know you're not an elitist but it's fun to pretend you are well i like to think so +NQgaXNf3cik-00044-00038192-00038664 okay everyone i decided i'm just going to put on a little black woolly bugger with no bead +NQgaXNf3cik-00045-00038664-00039440 just to change it up a little bit i mean i've caught like 9 million trout on that last fly but +NQgaXNf3cik-00046-00039440-00039776 uh there are not nine million fish in this pond you don't know that there aren't +NQgaXNf3cik-00047-00039944-00040472 i caught eight million at least whoa i just had one okay all all you viewers you'll be proud of +NQgaXNf3cik-00048-00040472-00041136 me the barb is squished down i just wasn't sure so i was checking it okay this method +NQgaXNf3cik-00049-00041136-00041640 with the woolly bugger's been good i'm letting it sink to the bottom a lot of times as it's +NQgaXNf3cik-00050-00041640-00042184 sinking down they're just grabbing it so let's see what happens here yeah same with my fly +NQgaXNf3cik-00051-00042344-00043032 we're letting it sink down yeah whoa one grab did you see my line shoot out dave that's the fun part +NQgaXNf3cik-00052-00043032-00044080 oh my god this is so great okay i'm gonna strip it now i did get a hit on the way down +NQgaXNf3cik-00053-00044080-00044880 but he let go of it huh yeah some of them really fight don't they yeah i just had one right here +NQgaXNf3cik-00054-00044952-00045800 there we go got him he came back for it he came back for it after he hit it this is unbelievable +NQgaXNf3cik-00055-00046032-00046296 you're unbelievable no no +NQgaXNf3cik-00056-00047008-00047560 no not in excess let's see you're unbelievable oh i barely have him hooked +NQgaXNf3cik-00057-00047632-00048192 i think he's going to come off right now oh he's a small one look at this guy look how small +NQgaXNf3cik-00058-00048192-00048768 this one is though look he barely had him hooked everyone he's a little bitty one beautiful though +NQgaXNf3cik-00059-00049160-00049432 dave doesn't know what he's doing wait a minute oh my god +NQgaXNf3cik-00060-00049592-00050144 what something went after him something went after him yeah well yeah you went after him +NQgaXNf3cik-00061-00050504-00050752 probably trying to save him yeah right +NQgaXNf3cik-00062-00050816-00051096 no i'm serious a lot of times they've i've seen him do that like +NQgaXNf3cik-00063-00051872-00052152 i think overall that other fly was working a little better +NQgaXNf3cik-00064-00052255-00052920 but this one's the black woolly bugger's okay i don't think it really mattered yeah but i was +NQgaXNf3cik-00065-00052920-00053728 getting hits a lot of hits on that other fly it doesn't matter i switched to the difference +NQgaXNf3cik-00066-00053960-00054784 whoa there we go yeah that was good dave this is a blast isn't it oh my god +NQgaXNf3cik-00067-00060728-00061248 okay we've caught a million fish i'm gonna try something interesting i'm putting a copper john +NQgaXNf3cik-00068-00061248-00062208 on yeah sure you did dave's had this one on his line he swallowed the hook i think and just five +NQgaXNf3cik-00069-00062208-00062712 inches under the copper john i'm gonna put on one of my little egg patterns that i just tied +NQgaXNf3cik-00070-00062864-00063376 yeah we're gonna see if we can catch two fish at once that's my first fish on the egg pattern +NQgaXNf3cik-00071-00063455-00064144 i tied this with mcfly foam the other day check it out i caught him on the egg pattern +NQgaXNf3cik-00072-00064216-00064584 dave it made my whole life high five it high five on the camera high five on the camera +NQgaXNf3cik-00073-00064648-00065440 yay it made my whole day god he's slimy okay it's a barbless hook it should come right out +NQgaXNf3cik-00074-00065440-00066136 i caught him on the egg pattern check it out this is like so amazing i told you i told you to get it +NQgaXNf3cik-00075-00066200-00066640 crap it's hard to get the hook it's so small so i'm gonna just use this +NQgaXNf3cik-00076-00066816-00067496 and get it right out there we go caught him on the egg pattern yeah what a way to end the day oh +NQgaXNf3cik-00077-00067496-00068040 that was great okay everybody we're going to end the film by saying i'm not done yet what why not +NQgaXNf3cik-00078-00068184-00068848 my second trout on an egg pattern last and final fish yeah this is this is the last fish guys i'm +NQgaXNf3cik-00079-00068848-00069624 freezing we've been here forever no we haven't this is it guys caught him on the egg pattern ow +NQgaXNf3cik-00080-00069784-00070344 got the copper john in my finger but that's okay i still have a great attitude yes +NQgaXNf3cik-00081-00070504-00071184 even though he has a hook in his hand yeah i had a hook in my hand okay yep we're breaking +NQgaXNf3cik-00082-00071184-00071720 our rod now we're gonna head out of here hopefully we'll see you guys again there it is +NQgaXNf3cik-00083-00071720-00072480 all right everybody two fish on an egg pattern i'm i'm guessing i cut at least 30 or 40 fish myself +NQgaXNf3cik-00084-00072568-00073560 right dave say goodbye dave ciao adios wait adios how do you say goodbye in spanish adios +NQgaXNf3cik-00085-00073672-00074280 you just said it thanks for watching the channel everybody we are out +NRnS9JEVflE-00000-00000447-00000842 [Daniella]: I'm Daniella Lowenberg and I'm at the California Digital Library, and I'm +NRnS9JEVflE-00001-00000842-00001056 also working as a product manager for Dryad. +NRnS9JEVflE-00002-00001056-00001502 [John]: My name is John Chodacki, I also work at California Digital Library, and we are +NRnS9JEVflE-00003-00001502-00001968 in one of the programs there at CDL that we call UC3, University of California Curations +NRnS9JEVflE-00004-00001968-00002338 Center, that's focused on data and preservation topics. +NRnS9JEVflE-00005-00002338-00002876 [Daniella]: I know in the book it says that we're talking about CDL and Dryad today and +NRnS9JEVflE-00006-00002876-00003282 the partnership that we've entered, but we wanted to bring it back and kind of talk about +NRnS9JEVflE-00007-00003282-00003745 the story of why CDL has even entered into this partnership and where we've been in the +NRnS9JEVflE-00008-00003745-00004056 last year in regards to data publishing and our values there. +NRnS9JEVflE-00009-00004056-00004625 So we wanted to start off and talk about a little bit of a self-assessment that we've +NRnS9JEVflE-00010-00004625-00005079 been doing in the last year. +NRnS9JEVflE-00011-00005079-00005824 So last year at CNI, I was here talking about data publishing and adoption, and where the +NRnS9JEVflE-00012-00005824-00006215 adoption was, because we're spending time while talking about this, but we weren't really +NRnS9JEVflE-00013-00006215-00006436 seeing adoption at the institutional level. +NRnS9JEVflE-00014-00006436-00006689 Is that something that you guys are involved in? +NRnS9JEVflE-00015-00006689-00007383 How many of you guys are involved in data services specifically at the institution? +NRnS9JEVflE-00016-00007383-00007483 A lot, yeah. +NRnS9JEVflE-00017-00007483-00007663 [John]: How many people were here last year at CNI? +NRnS9JEVflE-00018-00007663-00008072 Did any of you see the talk that we did last year? +NRnS9JEVflE-00019-00008072-00008342 Yeah, nice. +NRnS9JEVflE-00020-00008342-00009047 [Daniella]: So this was specifically looking at what the researcher needs are and if we +NRnS9JEVflE-00021-00009047-00009400 were aligned or misaligned with what we're talking about here in the CNI community, and +NRnS9JEVflE-00022-00009400-00009796 larger and the research stakeholder community. +NRnS9JEVflE-00023-00009796-00010287 And what we learned are a couple things here, is that tools that we're talking about a lot +NRnS9JEVflE-00024-00010287-00010672 aren't really researcher-centric, so we're not really using the researcher as the main +NRnS9JEVflE-00025-00010672-00011159 point when we're building out these tools, and that sometimes when we're thinking about +NRnS9JEVflE-00026-00011159-00011555 this community, we're thinking about, what are best practices for us, but that can be +NRnS9JEVflE-00027-00011555-00011896 misaligned with what a researcher's values actually are. +NRnS9JEVflE-00028-00011896-00012383 Another point about that is that when we're focusing on tools and talking about these +NRnS9JEVflE-00029-00012383-00012834 technology communities and which ones we align with, sometimes that's distracting us from +NRnS9JEVflE-00030-00012834-00013278 actually talking to researchers and figuring out what their needs are and then driving +NRnS9JEVflE-00031-00013278-00013559 the adoption and figuring out what makes sense for them. +NRnS9JEVflE-00032-00013559-00014159 But a big one that came out of this is, we ourselves had a data publishing platform at +NRnS9JEVflE-00033-00014159-00014647 UC called Dash, and that's for all of the University of California. +NRnS9JEVflE-00034-00014647-00015077 And when I would go talk to researchers there and say, "You should deposit to Dash, we have +NRnS9JEVflE-00035-00015077-00015388 all these cool features, you should do it," they would always say, "Oh I'm just going +NRnS9JEVflE-00036-00015388-00015628 to go to figshare or Dryad, is that okay?" +NRnS9JEVflE-00037-00015628-00016008 And my response is always, "Yeah, because I just want you to publish your data," but +NRnS9JEVflE-00038-00016008-00016429 what we recognized is that researchers are not driven by institutional policies, especially +NRnS9JEVflE-00039-00016429-00017047 because a lot don't have data policies, but researchers think at the domain level: "What +NRnS9JEVflE-00040-00017047-00017543 are my collaborators doing?" not specifically to, "I'm going to publish my data in this +NRnS9JEVflE-00041-00017543-00018047 UC place and my collaborator in Germany is just going to be involved in that." +NRnS9JEVflE-00042-00018047-00018373 And so the biggest takeaway that we found is that we have to meet researchers where +NRnS9JEVflE-00043-00018373-00018806 they're at within their workflows, and the biggest one we know right now is that researchers +NRnS9JEVflE-00044-00018806-00019044 are driven by article publishing. +NRnS9JEVflE-00045-00019044-00019651 And so we try to go to all of the big journals saying, "Integrate with Dash, UC is a massive +NRnS9JEVflE-00046-00019651-00020248 institution, then we can have it within the workflows," and that's not sustainable. +NRnS9JEVflE-00047-00020248-00020677 Publishers aren't going to think specifically at the institutional level as well. +NRnS9JEVflE-00048-00020677-00021170 So we wanted to look specifically at our own success metrics. +NRnS9JEVflE-00049-00021170-00021614 We were thinking, "Okay, so we've been working on Dash for a while, we spend a lot of resources +NRnS9JEVflE-00050-00021614-00022107 here talking about data publishing at the UC campuses; let's look at a couple of success +NRnS9JEVflE-00051-00022107-00022207 metrics." +NRnS9JEVflE-00052-00022207-00022444 One: number of deposits. +NRnS9JEVflE-00053-00022444-00023019 So over maybe the five years that we had Dash going, we had about 500 deposits, which in +NRnS9JEVflE-00054-00023019-00023370 the scheme of things is nothing compared to what's coming out of UC. +NRnS9JEVflE-00055-00023370-00023778 Is that a problem that you guys, does anyone have more than 500 at their institutional +NRnS9JEVflE-00056-00023778-00023878 ... ? +NRnS9JEVflE-00057-00023878-00024700 [John]: How many how many people that run data repositories have over 500 deposits in +NRnS9JEVflE-00058-00024700-00024960 their repository? +NRnS9JEVflE-00059-00024960-00025879 So this is the little secret of all the resources we're putting into these projects, is that +NRnS9JEVflE-00060-00025879-00026277 the adoption, the number - I mean, we know there's quality over quantity, of course - but +NRnS9JEVflE-00061-00026277-00026794 the number, the scale of what we're getting when it comes to adoption is very, very small +NRnS9JEVflE-00062-00026794-00026908 at all of our institutions. +NRnS9JEVflE-00063-00026908-00027094 Very, very small. +NRnS9JEVflE-00064-00027094-00027483 So at UC we were saying, "Even with 500 deposits, that's just not enough. +NRnS9JEVflE-00065-00027483-00027712 It's still just a drop in the bucket." +NRnS9JEVflE-00066-00027712-00028038 [Daniella]: So then we were like, "Okay, well not deposits. +NRnS9JEVflE-00067-00028038-00028338 Maybe it starts with awareness, so then we'll see deposits down the line." +NRnS9JEVflE-00068-00028338-00028754 We go around to the campuses, we talk about this - awareness is a problem. +NRnS9JEVflE-00069-00028754-00029188 And it's not without trying, because so many libraries were involved in supporting us, +NRnS9JEVflE-00070-00029188-00029619 and looking at [inaudible] 04:54 from Santa Cruz, who their staff had been trying for +NRnS9JEVflE-00071-00029619-00030037 many years for adoption of this as well, and it's just, again, coming back to that the +NRnS9JEVflE-00072-00030037-00030513 researchers were not looking at the institution, they already had their domain or were already +NRnS9JEVflE-00073-00030513-00030783 involved in figshare in another way. +NRnS9JEVflE-00074-00030783-00031055 The next, integration into workflows. +NRnS9JEVflE-00075-00031055-00031477 Like I said, we went to publishers and said, "Let's do this," we went to Jupyter Notebooks +NRnS9JEVflE-00076-00031477-00031738 and said, "Let's get into that realm." +NRnS9JEVflE-00077-00031738-00032097 And they said, "That's a really great idea and UC is a massive institution, but we're +NRnS9JEVflE-00078-00032097-00032407 not going to do that at an institutional level." +NRnS9JEVflE-00079-00032407-00032875 And so, at that point if we can't make it easier for researchers, then we were saying +NRnS9JEVflE-00080-00032875-00033111 we did not succeed. +NRnS9JEVflE-00081-00033111-00033503 And lastly, that kind of wraps it together, is that we couldn't really come up with a +NRnS9JEVflE-00082-00033503-00033844 good story for the value proposition at that point. +NRnS9JEVflE-00083-00033844-00034290 Researchers were not adopting it, researchers didn't see that there was a clear value over +NRnS9JEVflE-00084-00034290-00034566 going where their collaborators would go. +NRnS9JEVflE-00085-00034566-00034993 We could put in new features, but we weren't getting any integrations that were going to +NRnS9JEVflE-00086-00034993-00035349 significantly lower the barrier to entry. +NRnS9JEVflE-00087-00035349-00035825 And so all this wasn't without trying, but we just didn't feel like we were really successful +NRnS9JEVflE-00088-00035825-00036168 and we had to be honest about that. +NRnS9JEVflE-00089-00036168-00036683 All the while that we're doing this, commercialization has rapidly entered the research data space. +NRnS9JEVflE-00090-00036683-00037281 Here's a couple of examples here that we may be aware of. +NRnS9JEVflE-00091-00037281-00037629 Springer Nature, figshare, Mendeley Data. +NRnS9JEVflE-00092-00037629-00037941 Specifically, these costs are just not affordable. +NRnS9JEVflE-00093-00037941-00038484 We know that Springer Nature now says $340 for a dataset, just to go through a couple +NRnS9JEVflE-00094-00038484-00038708 manual checks of the dataset. +NRnS9JEVflE-00095-00038708-00039146 And this is still maybe lower quality than all of us are offering at our institutions, +NRnS9JEVflE-00096-00039146-00039602 and still not even in line with institutional values. +NRnS9JEVflE-00097-00039602-00039937 But we also know that researchers are going there. +NRnS9JEVflE-00098-00039937-00040505 Researchers go where the publishers are telling them to go, and we know that all of these +NRnS9JEVflE-00099-00040505-00040925 big services coming out are pretty unaffordable with library budgets. +NRnS9JEVflE-00100-00040925-00041615 Aside from all of that, we as a community, at the same time right now, we have colleague +NRnS9JEVflE-00101-00041615-00042011 talking about community infrastructure for articles and the commercialization in the +NRnS9JEVflE-00102-00042011-00042553 article space - all of that is happening and we're all heavily invested in that area, but +NRnS9JEVflE-00103-00042553-00043020 if we don't focus on data, we're going to face the same problem that we're talking about +NRnS9JEVflE-00104-00043020-00043269 for articles for data, and it's going to happen really soon. +NRnS9JEVflE-00105-00043269-00043663 So all of this is an issue that we had to take into consideration. +NRnS9JEVflE-00106-00043663-00044561 [John]: So we also wanted to think about the framing of this as a community issue and thinking +NRnS9JEVflE-00107-00044561-00045113 about what is needed from our community in the libraries, within the researcher space, +NRnS9JEVflE-00108-00045113-00045581 within the research data space, and really thinking about best practices. +NRnS9JEVflE-00109-00045581-00046183 So how many people here have read the Principles for Open Scholarly Infrastructure article? +NRnS9JEVflE-00110-00046183-00046738 Yeah, it's a pretty influential article that came out by Jennifer Lin, Geoff Bilder, and +NRnS9JEVflE-00111-00046738-00047408 Cameron Neylon, just laying out some of the principles of good scholarly infrastructure +NRnS9JEVflE-00112-00047408-00048074 projects to showcase what would be needed for us as a community to be able to trust +NRnS9JEVflE-00113-00048074-00048580 and have a good interaction with infrastructure projects and know that they were keeping the +NRnS9JEVflE-00114-00048580-00048738 community in mind. +NRnS9JEVflE-00115-00048738-00049271 Their premise is this three-legged stool idea of governance, sustainability, and insurance. +NRnS9JEVflE-00116-00049271-00049874 So governance, making sure that community projects are thought of and are architected +NRnS9JEVflE-00117-00049874-00050466 by the community, are led by the community, and they have very specific ideas around how +NRnS9JEVflE-00118-00050466-00050941 we should be enforcing those types of governance models within our infrastructure projects +NRnS9JEVflE-00119-00050941-00051130 that we support. +NRnS9JEVflE-00120-00051130-00051754 Sustainability, we need to know where the money is coming from and strive, not just +NRnS9JEVflE-00121-00051754-00052274 for finding projects that are not-for-profit or blanket terms like that, but actually digging +NRnS9JEVflE-00122-00052274-00052949 a little deeper and saying, "How does the project or work that we are relying on within +NRnS9JEVflE-00123-00052949-00053507 these scholarly infrastructure projects, how are they going to be there long-term? +NRnS9JEVflE-00124-00053507-00054141 Explain it to me, show me the numbers, and also don't be scared of being able to make +NRnS9JEVflE-00125-00054141-00054437 a little extra money for innovation investment. +NRnS9JEVflE-00126-00054437-00054952 Don't force people to starve their projects, allow for there to be sustainability and innovation +NRnS9JEVflE-00127-00054952-00055291 within scholarly infrastructure projects." +NRnS9JEVflE-00128-00055291-00055769 Also the idea around insurance, insurance that the project will be there, that the assets +NRnS9JEVflE-00129-00055769-00056092 that they're working on with us are going to be there. +NRnS9JEVflE-00130-00056092-00056819 And these are all principles that are thought of to span all the infrastructure projects +NRnS9JEVflE-00131-00056819-00057408 that are within SCHOLCOMMs, and are they things that we in the library world already espouse +NRnS9JEVflE-00132-00057408-00058045 to and already are committed to, but it's a good evaluation of what kind of projects +NRnS9JEVflE-00133-00058045-00058499 we should be, as a community here, investing in and what their responsibilities are to +NRnS9JEVflE-00134-00058499-00058727 us. +NRnS9JEVflE-00135-00058727-00059141 Separate from that but in parallel to that, a group of people, including myself, got together +NRnS9JEVflE-00136-00059141-00059633 and thought, "Okay, we're talking a lot about infrastructure as technology, but we're not +NRnS9JEVflE-00137-00059633-00059824 talking a lot about the people." +NRnS9JEVflE-00138-00059824-00060308 So the challenge that we have in a lot of infrastructure projects that we get involved +NRnS9JEVflE-00139-00060308-00060847 in, or community projects that we get involved in, we're not aligned at a people level. +NRnS9JEVflE-00140-00060847-00061135 They're great projects but they're just not our people, and so we've started to say, "Wow, +NRnS9JEVflE-00141-00061135-00061235 well what does that mean? +NRnS9JEVflE-00142-00061235-00061586 What is this generic term of who are 'our people?'" +NRnS9JEVflE-00143-00061586-00062029 And so we started to sit down and say, "What are the best principles for individuals in +NRnS9JEVflE-00144-00062029-00062163 this space? +NRnS9JEVflE-00145-00062163-00062562 What kind of values would we want them to have so that we can understand that we have +NRnS9JEVflE-00146-00062562-00062975 a shared value and a community based on those shared values?" +NRnS9JEVflE-00147-00062975-00063518 And so we came up with a set of six, and there's a book online at [inaudible] 10:35 you can +NRnS9JEVflE-00148-00063518-00064119 read, but just about how personally we should be thinking about being as transparent as +NRnS9JEVflE-00149-00064119-00064219 possible. +NRnS9JEVflE-00150-00064219-00064679 We should make sure that we are using open infrastructures and we are working as much +NRnS9JEVflE-00151-00064679-00065079 as possible and practice what we preach. +NRnS9JEVflE-00152-00065079-00065547 We have to think about how to be transparent, not just when we're working outside of our +NRnS9JEVflE-00153-00065547-00065731 spaces, but also within our workplaces. +NRnS9JEVflE-00154-00065731-00066069 We have to be transparent with colleagues, we have to be more transparent with each other +NRnS9JEVflE-00155-00066069-00066277 about what we're doing. +NRnS9JEVflE-00156-00066277-00066405 We have to bring other people in. +NRnS9JEVflE-00157-00066405-00067051 It's fine to have public, private, or cross-organizational partnerships; we have to recognize and celebrate +NRnS9JEVflE-00158-00067051-00067151 those differences. +NRnS9JEVflE-00159-00067151-00067782 It's not just about everybody working with similarly focused people, we want to build +NRnS9JEVflE-00160-00067782-00067993 a bigger tent. +NRnS9JEVflE-00161-00067993-00068374 And we need to respect multiple solutions, but we have to make sure that when we're working +NRnS9JEVflE-00162-00068374-00068719 on our projects, we're sticking to our scope we're thinking about, "What are we doing?" +NRnS9JEVflE-00163-00068719-00069097 In our case it's like, how are we driving adoption on data publishing? +NRnS9JEVflE-00164-00069097-00069452 We can't [inaudible] 11:31 the ocean, when we're working on our projects, we have to +NRnS9JEVflE-00165-00069452-00069656 be able to stick to that scope. +NRnS9JEVflE-00166-00069656-00070506 And leveraging communal wisdom, but also encouraging healthy skepticism, but really that we're +NRnS9JEVflE-00167-00070506-00070791 stronger when we collaborate together. +NRnS9JEVflE-00168-00070791-00071517 And these types of values are what we would say bring and make good scholarly communications +NRnS9JEVflE-00169-00071517-00071886 projects, open infrastructure projects possible. +NRnS9JEVflE-00170-00071886-00072932 So our project here, the portfolio of projects that started with Dash and other consulting +NRnS9JEVflE-00171-00072932-00073322 services, is really about effectively supporting the research community. +NRnS9JEVflE-00172-00073322-00073866 So that doesn't always mean that we would need to build something or we need to create +NRnS9JEVflE-00173-00073866-00074352 a new tool or we have to adopt another tool; it's really about looking at, what is it that +NRnS9JEVflE-00174-00074352-00074458 are the barriers to entry? +NRnS9JEVflE-00175-00074458-00074976 What are the barriers for researchers to publish their data and make it openly available? +NRnS9JEVflE-00176-00074976-00075366 And really starting to focus more on that root problem instead of focusing so much on +NRnS9JEVflE-00177-00075366-00075713 whether or not someone's using the right kind of markup or someone's got the right kind +NRnS9JEVflE-00178-00075713-00076268 of database structures within our library IT departments. +NRnS9JEVflE-00179-00076268-00077229 And so we wanted to look outwards and say, "What are projects that are similarly aligned, +NRnS9JEVflE-00180-00077229-00078017 have similar ethos, are led by people within our community, are focused on being as good +NRnS9JEVflE-00181-00078017-00078457 as possible when it comes to best practices for open scholarship? +NRnS9JEVflE-00182-00078457-00078844 What are places that are already growing adoption, and where are places that are meeting our +NRnS9JEVflE-00183-00078844-00079057 researchers where they're at?" +NRnS9JEVflE-00184-00079057-00079344 And the logical choice, and the place that we all know, is Dryad. +NRnS9JEVflE-00185-00079344-00079961 So we did a full evaluation of what we knew we needed to be able to be successful within +NRnS9JEVflE-00186-00079961-00080564 our data publishing project set at UC and at CDL, and we knew that Dryad was doing a +NRnS9JEVflE-00187-00080564-00080967 better job than we were on UC campuses. +NRnS9JEVflE-00188-00080967-00081642 So how many people know Dryad? +NRnS9JEVflE-00189-00081642-00082183 Everybody's researchers in this room publish their data within Dryad. +NRnS9JEVflE-00190-00082183-00082570 Every university's researchers are downloading datasets from Dryad. +NRnS9JEVflE-00191-00082570-00083013 Dryad is a community-run organization, it's been for ten years run by researchers and +NRnS9JEVflE-00192-00083013-00083192 with researchers. +NRnS9JEVflE-00193-00083192-00083889 It's integrated into a journal workflows, 450 journal workflows. +NRnS9JEVflE-00194-00083889-00084480 It is currently - I'm not pushing forward on my slides, I apologize. +NRnS9JEVflE-00195-00084480-00084841 Over 90,000 researchers have used Dryad. +NRnS9JEVflE-00196-00084841-00085358 We're talking about adoption that's not in the hundreds or the tens, we're talking about +NRnS9JEVflE-00197-00085358-00085485 thousands. +NRnS9JEVflE-00198-00085485-00086098 We're talking about being able to meet a researcher where they're at so that they actually incentive +NRnS9JEVflE-00199-00086098-00086566 to use and to publish data. +NRnS9JEVflE-00200-00086566-00087094 So I don't know if people saw this, but in May we made an announcement that we would +NRnS9JEVflE-00201-00087094-00087598 join forces with Dryad to really help leverage their place within our community and the value +NRnS9JEVflE-00202-00087598-00088042 that they're already giving us in this room and in the wider community. +NRnS9JEVflE-00203-00088042-00088687 They are already helping us with curating and datasets, they're already helping us with +NRnS9JEVflE-00204-00088687-00089149 making sure there's quality datasets published, they're already helping us with the awareness +NRnS9JEVflE-00205-00089149-00089593 campaign, and they are already helping us with the adoption problems that we have in +NRnS9JEVflE-00206-00089593-00089813 the library world and in the institutional world. +NRnS9JEVflE-00207-00089813-00090279 And we said at CDL, "We're going to work with Dryad to try to showcase this to the community +NRnS9JEVflE-00208-00090279-00090675 and make sure that the whole community understands and sees this value." +NRnS9JEVflE-00209-00090675-00091073 And so we have since May been working very closely with Dryad. +NRnS9JEVflE-00210-00091073-00091873 [Daniella]: And the researcher adoption of this was a major point for us, because Dryad +NRnS9JEVflE-00211-00091873-00092260 wasn't necessarily going onto the campuses and working with the researchers, and yet +NRnS9JEVflE-00212-00092260-00092808 still, maybe 12% of what's in Dryad was from UC, and we got 500 within Dash. +NRnS9JEVflE-00213-00092808-00093199 And it's just truly because of the way that they're set up, the way they're owned by the +NRnS9JEVflE-00214-00093199-00093741 research community, that we ourselves just can't get that embedded like someone that's +NRnS9JEVflE-00215-00093741-00093994 already bought in like this. +NRnS9JEVflE-00216-00093994-00094449 And so that was a big driver of, "Okay, the values align," but also, it's just already +NRnS9JEVflE-00217-00094449-00094668 something that our researchers want. +NRnS9JEVflE-00218-00094668-00094837 [John]: Right. +NRnS9JEVflE-00219-00094837-00095685 So we have been working since May to launch a new Dryad that has moved onto a platform +NRnS9JEVflE-00220-00095685-00096186 that can be more API-based so we can accelerate even more integrations with more publishers. +NRnS9JEVflE-00221-00096186-00096904 We've been working across the teams to look at ways of repositioning the community value +NRnS9JEVflE-00222-00096904-00097374 statements that are made around Dryad to showcase the kind of work that they're already doing +NRnS9JEVflE-00223-00097374-00097979 with researchers across the world, and allowing for more integrations with publishers but +NRnS9JEVflE-00224-00097979-00098572 also more integrations with things that we value within the institutional space, so more +NRnS9JEVflE-00225-00098572-00099212 reporting for institutions and more transparency for you and for your libraries and for institutions +NRnS9JEVflE-00226-00099212-00099579 into what's going on within Dryad. +NRnS9JEVflE-00227-00099579-00100125 And part of that is a membership model, so back to that idea of governance. +NRnS9JEVflE-00228-00100125-00100836 So Dryad is a membership organization right now, but there aren't very many institutions +NRnS9JEVflE-00229-00100836-00101136 who actually pay in to Dryad as members. +NRnS9JEVflE-00230-00101136-00101555 We're leveraging them, we are using them, they are helping with the adoption problem +NRnS9JEVflE-00231-00101555-00102079 that we have within our communities, but we are not paying into that model, and so if +NRnS9JEVflE-00232-00102079-00102613 we follow best practices of how community projects are to work, we have to start paying +NRnS9JEVflE-00233-00102613-00103113 in and being a part of the conversation and starting to think about, "How do we get our +NRnS9JEVflE-00234-00103113-00103939 values and our ideas into this conversation in helping Dryad position itself as the community +NRnS9JEVflE-00235-00103939-00104463 project that it is?" +NRnS9JEVflE-00236-00104463-00105293 [Daniella]: So that's the background on where we are, but thinking about that, working on +NRnS9JEVflE-00237-00105293-00106159 this project now, relaunching this new Dryad service ... +NRnS9JEVflE-00238-00106159-00106593 we have two guiding values, and these go back to originally what we were talking about last +NRnS9JEVflE-00239-00106593-00107033 year and what we've been thinking about all the time, which is that, one, we need to be +NRnS9JEVflE-00240-00107033-00107133 researcher-centered. +NRnS9JEVflE-00241-00107133-00107600 So we know that there's a lot of people that have opinions and priorities for data publishing, +NRnS9JEVflE-00242-00107600-00108190 and our primary goal here is that the user is the researcher and the researcher's who +NRnS9JEVflE-00243-00108190-00108411 we need to be thinking about when we're building. +NRnS9JEVflE-00244-00108411-00109005 So everything in Dryad is a user-tested, user-prioritized feature. +NRnS9JEVflE-00245-00109005-00109360 We know there's all these things out there, but it has to be that researchers would definitely +NRnS9JEVflE-00246-00109360-00109775 use this and this would help them with publishing their data. +NRnS9JEVflE-00247-00109775-00110291 And the second point to that is that we're adoption focused, so there's a lot of goals, +NRnS9JEVflE-00248-00110291-00110855 there's a lot of needs right now, and for Dryad specifically we are focused on curated +NRnS9JEVflE-00249-00110855-00111375 and compliant research data publishing, so not just dropping your data that may be associated +NRnS9JEVflE-00250-00111375-00111836 with an article or other, but specifically that these are high-quality datasets that +NRnS9JEVflE-00251-00111836-00112310 are coming out and being published and that researchers are supporting. +NRnS9JEVflE-00252-00112310-00112667 So what does that all even look like? +NRnS9JEVflE-00253-00112667-00113098 And we know best not to do a demo, so I'm only showing some of the things from the new +NRnS9JEVflE-00254-00113098-00113582 system, but we can, of course, talk after if you have specific questions. +NRnS9JEVflE-00255-00113582-00113855 So we're moving, as John mentioned, onto a new platform. +NRnS9JEVflE-00256-00113855-00114308 This is Dash, this was the UC platform that we had come up, with so most of these features +NRnS9JEVflE-00257-00114308-00114408 are already ready. +NRnS9JEVflE-00258-00114408-00114775 So when we're talking about this new platform, we're not saying in two years from now, we're +NRnS9JEVflE-00259-00114775-00115308 saying, "We're ready to go and we want to launch, we want community support on this." +NRnS9JEVflE-00260-00115308-00116084 So this platform is Core Trust sealed, it's standards-based, we are discoverable - schema.org +NRnS9JEVflE-00261-00116084-00116223 and Google Dataset Search. +NRnS9JEVflE-00262-00116223-00116965 We're using ORCID for login as well as institutional sign-ons, using funder registries, having +NRnS9JEVflE-00263-00116965-00117322 keywords and making everything discoverable in that way. +NRnS9JEVflE-00264-00117322-00117736 And then big things at the bottom here that I'm going to go through in more detail, but +NRnS9JEVflE-00265-00117736-00118238 having features that allow for easier deposit of datasets, both through the publisher and +NRnS9JEVflE-00266-00118238-00118833 through your work environment, having institutional features that had not been there before that +NRnS9JEVflE-00267-00118833-00119320 I'll go through, and having actual ways to report back on what's going on with the usage +NRnS9JEVflE-00268-00119320-00119779 of that dataset, so another project that we're involved in this called Make Data Count, which +NRnS9JEVflE-00269-00119779-00120296 you may have heard of, and that's a project about standardizing data usage metrics and +NRnS9JEVflE-00270-00120296-00120971 citations, and so the first implementation that can be seen is in this platform. +NRnS9JEVflE-00271-00120971-00121355 But the non-technical side of this is that Dryad values curation, and that's really what +NRnS9JEVflE-00272-00121355-00121595 makes Dryad stand out. +NRnS9JEVflE-00273-00121595-00122075 We know that institutions, we really care about curation as well, and so what we're +NRnS9JEVflE-00274-00122075-00122579 focusing on here is that expert curators are actually going through every submission that's +NRnS9JEVflE-00275-00122579-00122821 going into Dryad. +NRnS9JEVflE-00276-00122821-00123332 And in the past it's been these curators that work at Dryad, but we know a big part of this +NRnS9JEVflE-00277-00123332-00123975 is that, as institutions, we super value curation and we have data curators and data librarians +NRnS9JEVflE-00278-00123975-00124453 that want to be involved in this, and so we are also building for that ability. +NRnS9JEVflE-00279-00124453-00124861 For us to actually be a community, it means that the data librarians at the institutions +NRnS9JEVflE-00280-00124861-00125371 are involved in these endeavors and not leaving them out. +NRnS9JEVflE-00281-00125371-00125768 So there's four big stories here about what we're focusing on. +NRnS9JEVflE-00282-00125768-00126342 Seamless deposits, so one thing Dryad has had is a good relationship with publishers, +NRnS9JEVflE-00283-00126342-00126549 and we want to advance that. +NRnS9JEVflE-00284-00126549-00127003 And so when we're talking about publisher integrations, we're saying API integrations, +NRnS9JEVflE-00285-00127003-00127450 where, when a researcher is submitting to a journal, they can automatically submit their +NRnS9JEVflE-00286-00127450-00127550 data. +NRnS9JEVflE-00287-00127550-00127928 And we can send back the data citation to the journal and actually have that connection +NRnS9JEVflE-00288-00127928-00128424 back and forth, so this is something that ScholarOne is building, which our major journals +NRnS9JEVflE-00289-00128424-00129330 - Wiley, Taylor & Francis, maybe most - on ScholarOne are talking to Aries and HighWire +NRnS9JEVflE-00290-00129330-00129698 and OJS, and we're going at the platform level, so not at the publisher level, so this can +NRnS9JEVflE-00291-00129698-00130264 be a switch that publishers can choose because we know that the more publishers who do this, +NRnS9JEVflE-00292-00130264-00130583 the more deposits we're going to see coming in easier for researchers. +NRnS9JEVflE-00293-00130583-00131045 [John]: Do people know the names, like HighWire, ScholarOne? +NRnS9JEVflE-00294-00131045-00131805 I would just stop and say, think about the idea of your data repositories or your data +NRnS9JEVflE-00295-00131805-00132332 strategies being ... would you ever even think that you could have a journal integration +NRnS9JEVflE-00296-00132332-00132603 with ScholarOne? +NRnS9JEVflE-00297-00132603-00133158 It's just not something that you would ever be able to do at the level of just your institution. +NRnS9JEVflE-00298-00133158-00133424 Also, who could? +NRnS9JEVflE-00299-00133424-00133822 So think about who else in this space actually could do that. +NRnS9JEVflE-00300-00133822-00134275 Now, most of the names that you're thinking are all companies, they're all organizations +NRnS9JEVflE-00301-00134275-00134633 that are trying to charge us lots of money for lots of stuff. +NRnS9JEVflE-00302-00134633-00135072 So it's like, where are we all going to go and how are we all going to work on trying +NRnS9JEVflE-00303-00135072-00135871 to drive adoption in thinking about this level of activity, unless it's with a community-run +NRnS9JEVflE-00304-00135871-00136113 organization like Dryad? +NRnS9JEVflE-00305-00136113-00136555 It's going to be with these commercial enterprises, so we have to start thinking in our head, +NRnS9JEVflE-00306-00136555-00136898 like Daniella said earlier - where are we going to be five years from now if we don't +NRnS9JEVflE-00307-00136898-00137338 start thinking about how we can support community-led initiatives like this? +NRnS9JEVflE-00308-00137338-00137869 [Daniella]: So that's the focus on ease of deposit for researchers, but another big part +NRnS9JEVflE-00309-00137869-00138220 is transparency and reporting for institutions. +NRnS9JEVflE-00310-00138220-00138612 So another big part of this is, hey, researchers have been going ... again, probably every +NRnS9JEVflE-00311-00138612-00139098 single one of you here that represent an institution, researchers there have been submitting to +NRnS9JEVflE-00312-00139098-00139622 Dryad, but you don't have a look in, and that way to connect with Dryad on that. +NRnS9JEVflE-00313-00139622-00140252 And so here I'm going to show - this is the new system, this is transparency and reporting +NRnS9JEVflE-00314-00140252-00140474 that you can have into the system now. +NRnS9JEVflE-00315-00140474-00141069 So you would see anything that's coming in from your institution, you can search by it, +NRnS9JEVflE-00316-00141069-00141428 you can filter, and then, of course, you can download a CSV of it, so you could actually +NRnS9JEVflE-00317-00141428-00142007 see what's coming out of your campus and who's even started a submission but not even clicked +NRnS9JEVflE-00318-00142007-00142496 submit, or who's started one but it's in privacy for peer review, and you could actually have +NRnS9JEVflE-00319-00142496-00142873 your data librarians be working with them through their submission process. +NRnS9JEVflE-00320-00142873-00143550 [John]: And this is made possible through what Daniella mentioned earlier, around either +NRnS9JEVflE-00321-00143550-00144060 ORCID login or single sign-on login from your campus's single sign-on. +NRnS9JEVflE-00322-00144060-00144239 [Daniella]: Right. +NRnS9JEVflE-00323-00144239-00144873 And then another image here of visual provenance, so not only seeing in that reporting view, +NRnS9JEVflE-00324-00144873-00145387 but what's actually happening with the dataset, what's going on with researchers at your institution, +NRnS9JEVflE-00325-00145387-00145663 where are they submitting to the journal, because it'll also say what journal they're +NRnS9JEVflE-00326-00145663-00145934 at, and just kind of get that fuller picture of what's coming out. +NRnS9JEVflE-00327-00145934-00146512 [John]: And we also wouldn't be putting [inaudible] 24:23 in the comments. +NRnS9JEVflE-00328-00146512-00146751 [Daniella] Or we might, but ... +NRnS9JEVflE-00329-00146751-00147229 [John]: Hopefully there will be people's names not testing account as the name. +NRnS9JEVflE-00330-00147229-00147411 You get the picture. +NRnS9JEVflE-00331-00147411-00147870 [Daniella]: A big piece of this, of course, being the usability and discoverability, this +NRnS9JEVflE-00332-00147870-00148110 is where curation comes in. +NRnS9JEVflE-00333-00148110-00148690 So this is a Dryad dataset that's been ported over into the new system. +NRnS9JEVflE-00334-00148690-00149029 Of course, it would have ORCID attached to the authors. +NRnS9JEVflE-00335-00149029-00149489 But a big part of this is that we want to have a really prominent data citation, so +NRnS9JEVflE-00336-00149489-00150254 if we're trying to say best practices, let's focus on the actual citation to this dataset. +NRnS9JEVflE-00337-00150254-00150645 And then, of course, because I mentioned Make Data Count being involved, let's see who else +NRnS9JEVflE-00338-00150645-00150792 is citing that dataset. +NRnS9JEVflE-00339-00150792-00151199 Let's actually get a fuller picture of what the use of this dataset is. +NRnS9JEVflE-00340-00151199-00151604 Going back, of course because it's not live, the views and downloads being standardized +NRnS9JEVflE-00341-00151604-00151704 as well. +NRnS9JEVflE-00342-00151704-00152146 So you can actually, when you're pulling that report, see, "Oh, okay, this dataset has this +NRnS9JEVflE-00343-00152146-00152489 impact, it has this usage," thinking about that way. +NRnS9JEVflE-00344-00152489-00152988 [John]: So just real quick around ... another thing we as a community to do a lot is, we +NRnS9JEVflE-00345-00152988-00153447 spend a lot of money on business intelligence information that should just be free. +NRnS9JEVflE-00346-00153447-00153813 So one of the things that this does, and that we're talking about here, is being able to +NRnS9JEVflE-00347-00153813-00154374 work together to build a corpus of information about what's happening on your campus that +NRnS9JEVflE-00348-00154374-00154774 doesn't cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. +NRnS9JEVflE-00349-00154774-00155295 So knowing what's going on with the data that's being published from your campus, knowing +NRnS9JEVflE-00350-00155295-00155967 who is citing that, knowing where the reach of that research output; that is something +NRnS9JEVflE-00351-00155967-00156328 that, if you think to yourself, "We're all spending way too much money and way too much +NRnS9JEVflE-00352-00156328-00156628 time on, and we don't work together on that problem." +NRnS9JEVflE-00353-00156628-00157191 And, again, another side benefit of working in a community-led organization or with a +NRnS9JEVflE-00354-00157191-00157469 community infrastructure project like Dryad. +NRnS9JEVflE-00355-00157469-00157851 [Daniella]: Then we also, coming back to this, if we don't act on this now and support the +NRnS9JEVflE-00356-00157851-00158295 community - I don't know how many of you also received emails in the last week about paying +NRnS9JEVflE-00357-00158295-00158811 about 5K for a similar report from Springer Nature, but, again, it's not that we don't +NRnS9JEVflE-00358-00158811-00159316 support people that are supporting commercial services, it's, if we care about these community +NRnS9JEVflE-00359-00159316-00159691 principles, we've got to think about this right now. +NRnS9JEVflE-00360-00159691-00160100 And then, of course, here when I say curation, curators are actually looking at the keywords, +NRnS9JEVflE-00361-00160100-00160390 they're actually seeing, is it optimized for search? +NRnS9JEVflE-00362-00160390-00160679 Are we actually referencing the article that it's related to? +NRnS9JEVflE-00363-00160679-00160894 Are we making this a useable dataset? +NRnS9JEVflE-00364-00160894-00161401 So looking at the files, making sure that they actually open and are interoperable, +NRnS9JEVflE-00365-00161401-00161910 and that there's enough metadata, of course, if you're a metadata librarian you know that +NRnS9JEVflE-00366-00161910-00162145 you would not be pleased with it just being an abstract. +NRnS9JEVflE-00367-00162145-00162595 But enough metadata to understand what the dataset would make it usable. +NRnS9JEVflE-00368-00162595-00163286 And then the last piece of this is compliance, so we know that we as a community care about +NRnS9JEVflE-00369-00163286-00163749 FAIR data, and so that is, again, what makes Dryad stand out is actually curating data +NRnS9JEVflE-00370-00163749-00164042 to comply with what we consider as a community FAIR. +NRnS9JEVflE-00371-00164042-00164685 There's funder requirements, so having the Core Trust seal on Dryad, FAIR data, making +NRnS9JEVflE-00372-00164685-00165174 sure that we have proper preservation of the data that's coming in through here. +NRnS9JEVflE-00373-00165174-00165536 Having publisher policies so that you can actually keep it private during peer review +NRnS9JEVflE-00374-00165536-00166029 but institutions would still have that view in, and having it be proper data citation, +NRnS9JEVflE-00375-00166029-00166424 so what are the best practices and how could Dryad support that? +NRnS9JEVflE-00376-00166424-00166777 And then I put "your input here" because for institutional values, we want to be talking +NRnS9JEVflE-00377-00166777-00167173 to you as a community and saying, "What is it that you value and that you would want +NRnS9JEVflE-00378-00167173-00167273 in this system?" +NRnS9JEVflE-00379-00167273-00167759 So we're adoption focused, but if we're all spending time thinking about, "What is the +NRnS9JEVflE-00380-00167759-00168265 best in this space?" we need the institutions to be involved in this place where the researchers +NRnS9JEVflE-00381-00168265-00168374 are already going. +NRnS9JEVflE-00382-00168374-00169107 [John]: Yeah, so if we have a policy or a concept on our campuses that says, "We want +NRnS9JEVflE-00383-00169107-00169609 to have a copy of every data file that comes in," then we should do that. +NRnS9JEVflE-00384-00169609-00170141 If we say, "We want to make sure that there's a certain set of information that's put into +NRnS9JEVflE-00385-00170141-00170546 datasets that are published," we should do that. +NRnS9JEVflE-00386-00170546-00171057 This is, again, not something that would be done if we were doing it on our own, or something +NRnS9JEVflE-00387-00171057-00171576 that would be done if we were using a commercial enterprise service, but something that can +NRnS9JEVflE-00388-00171576-00172075 be done if we're thinking about it like, what are things that we as institutions value? +NRnS9JEVflE-00389-00172075-00172261 What do we want? +NRnS9JEVflE-00390-00172261-00172712 Let's build the community project that can actually do that. +NRnS9JEVflE-00391-00172712-00173657 [Daniella]: So wrapping up, what sets Dryad apart is that we're focused on user, the goal +NRnS9JEVflE-00392-00173657-00174183 is for curation and compliant research data publishing, and that the features are actually +NRnS9JEVflE-00393-00174183-00174608 driving adoption and upholding institutional values and bringing them in. +NRnS9JEVflE-00394-00174608-00175209 And so our big focus of doing this, I hope it's clear what the story is, but also for +NRnS9JEVflE-00395-00175209-00175784 us it's less about Dryad being the only solution for research data, but it's more that our +NRnS9JEVflE-00396-00175784-00176224 researchers are already going there and so this really to us is saying, we as a community +NRnS9JEVflE-00397-00176224-00176638 should support them even if it's not the one solution at your campus. +NRnS9JEVflE-00398-00176638-00177176 [John]: Yeah, so one thing that we didn't bring up, but a phrase that we've been using +NRnS9JEVflE-00399-00177176-00177852 a lot during this, is "right-sized," so one of the challenges that we have in the data +NRnS9JEVflE-00400-00177852-00178612 publishing space is that we are being told that we need to have very bloated, wrongly +NRnS9JEVflE-00401-00178612-00179249 scoped, inappropriately scoped solutions for problems, and we're being told that we should +NRnS9JEVflE-00402-00179249-00180083 be paying, or we should we should be charged, in appropriately sized price tags for services. +NRnS9JEVflE-00403-00180083-00180737 We're being asked to pay $5,000 to get a report for stuff that came from our university. +NRnS9JEVflE-00404-00180737-00181313 We're being asked to pay $350 for someone to curate a dataset when we have data on campuses. +NRnS9JEVflE-00405-00181313-00181824 We're being asked to spend hundreds of thousands of dollars for data repository support or +NRnS9JEVflE-00406-00181824-00182233 for someone to come in, or we ourselves are assuming that we must pay hundreds of thousands +NRnS9JEVflE-00407-00182233-00182587 of dollars to support a data repository on campuses. +NRnS9JEVflE-00408-00182587-00182912 And so one of the things that we're talking about here is, what is the value, what is +NRnS9JEVflE-00409-00182912-00183227 the monetary value of what we're putting into these things? +NRnS9JEVflE-00410-00183227-00183599 And what is the value that we're getting out of Dryad right now? +NRnS9JEVflE-00411-00183599-00183887 And thinking about, what is the right-sized approach? +NRnS9JEVflE-00412-00183887-00184446 What are we as a community thinking that we should be paying into Dryad? +NRnS9JEVflE-00413-00184446-00184575 What's an appropriate price tag for this? +NRnS9JEVflE-00414-00184575-00184785 Is it a few thousand dollars a year? +NRnS9JEVflE-00415-00184785-00185319 Is it donating in time and energy to do data curation on the platform? +NRnS9JEVflE-00416-00185319-00186011 What is that value, what is it that we as a community would put back into the project? +NRnS9JEVflE-00417-00186011-00186580 And so we are already an institutional community and we already support data curation and data +NRnS9JEVflE-00418-00186580-00187146 publishing, data preservation, and it's really this call to action of banding together. +NRnS9JEVflE-00419-00187146-00187723 And so we at CDL have started to band together with Dryad, and I think what we're talking +NRnS9JEVflE-00420-00187723-00188244 about here is a call to action to the community to say, "We should start talking about how +NRnS9JEVflE-00421-00188244-00188712 we can become members of Dryad, we should start signing up, we should start thinking +NRnS9JEVflE-00422-00188712-00189087 about how we can be involved in the governance in the future of the organization." +NRnS9JEVflE-00423-00189087-00190019 [Daniella]: Yeah, and relating back to what originally I had written about and presented +NRnS9JEVflE-00424-00190019-00190286 about last year, it's not about technology. +NRnS9JEVflE-00425-00190286-00190649 We just showed some technology, but that's not really the focus of this. +NRnS9JEVflE-00426-00190649-00191057 It's not about, "Which community are you involved in and which technology do you stand by?" +NRnS9JEVflE-00427-00191057-00191433 It's just that we need to meet researchers where they're at, and we need a centralized +NRnS9JEVflE-00428-00191433-00191538 approach to this. +NRnS9JEVflE-00429-00191538-00191967 We need to work together and figure this out, because we already know researchers are going +NRnS9JEVflE-00430-00191967-00192521 to go places even if we have no control over it, so having a central approach, if we all +NRnS9JEVflE-00431-00192521-00193060 agree here in the room that adoption is key for us, we've got to work together. +NRnS9JEVflE-00432-00193060-00193355 So that's our call to action. +NRnS9JEVflE-00433-00193355-00193455 And that's our presentation. +NRnS9JEVflE-00434-00193455-00193555 [John]: That's it. +NRnS9JEVflE-00435-00193555-00194473 Really what we wanted to do is spend time to be able to have a question-and-answer session, +NRnS9JEVflE-00436-00194473-00194928 to be able to respond and talk about, this is a conversation and call to action for all +NRnS9JEVflE-00437-00194928-00195028 of us. +NRnS9JEVflE-00438-00195028-00195447 So if there were questions or ideas or comments about what we're presenting up here, it would +NRnS9JEVflE-00439-00195447-00195851 be great to just spend the rest of the time on that. +NRnS9JEVflE-00440-00195851-00196275 [Daniella]: So thanks, everyone, for coming, and come talk to us if you want to talk further +NRnS9JEVflE-00441-00196275-00196375 about connecting. +NRnS9JEVflE-00442-00196375-00196448 [John]: Yeah, thank you. +NSECeaaUpck-00000-00001054-00001623 hi guys it's Holly or mlplove4life and today I'm going to show you how I do +NSECeaaUpck-00001-00001623-00002358 my ponies' hair soft and I style it so I'm going to use minty and then I'll +NSECeaaUpck-00002-00002358-00002976 show you the final look of everyone else - I'll just be focusing on Minty just +NSECeaaUpck-00003-00002976-00004424 so it's easier to understand so yeah hope you enjoy so I'm gonna take these +NSECeaaUpck-00004-00004424-00006206 out hands just face it it probably doesn't really much of a wash but I'm +NSECeaaUpck-00005-00006206-00006863 gonna show you how you guys how to do it +NSECeaaUpck-00006-00006863-00008103 there is so that's one sweet and I'm going to wash vintage hair using not +NSECeaaUpck-00007-00008103-00008700 shampoo a shower gel you see that it's gosh +NSECeaaUpck-00008-00008700-00009804 so say you can just say that I'm cheap and this is conditioner but I like to +NSECeaaUpck-00009-00009804-00010447 use about two thousand it's really good what resume is I love them so one is to +NSECeaaUpck-00010-00010447-00010928 be warm water this is not coming out hot +NSECeaaUpck-00011-00013203-00014094 this is nice we're going to do in the water you said make sure I have it's +NSECeaaUpck-00012-00014094-00014381 nice and soaked +NSECeaaUpck-00013-00014588-00015663 basically you just keep the money ball and that's pretty much kind of little +NSECeaaUpck-00014-00015663-00017489 brush through it so fresh for a hat I'm just going to add a little bit of this +NSECeaaUpck-00015-00017489-00018363 here and you won't like a turn a little bit so that should be enough and then +NSECeaaUpck-00016-00018363-00018912 what you do is just actually it's just to get all of the like you would your +NSECeaaUpck-00017-00018912-00019473 head shiny but you don't want it and then I'm click receive it let's see if +NSECeaaUpck-00018-00019473-00019929 they let the toys out about grease you get what I mean +NSECeaaUpck-00019-00019929-00020694 you don't want the like plasticy shine you won't like the silky clean shiny I +NSECeaaUpck-00020-00020694-00021376 think using shower gel rather than using light to shine through +NSECeaaUpck-00021-00021407-00021751 it helps go +NSECeaaUpck-00023-00025725-00027006 add a tiny bit finish it and you don't want to make it too much you just want +NSECeaaUpck-00024-00027006-00027927 to smooth it make sure you get it with their main and you want to get it in a +NSECeaaUpck-00025-00027927-00028494 tab as well sorry it's just really hard cuz I should have brought my tripod up I +NSECeaaUpck-00026-00028494-00029249 mean because my mom and dad dad bedrooms in it off and down the SWE's does that +NSECeaaUpck-00027-00029249-00029949 so I like my tripod downstairs in my room I have to hold the camera with my +NSECeaaUpck-00028-00029949-00031420 hand so I had was really nice now I'm just gonna jump back to the water +NSECeaaUpck-00029-00031733-00033038 and you just wanna know +NSECeaaUpck-00030-00033038-00034538 say yeah that should be alright but let's eat another which is okay yeah +NSECeaaUpck-00031-00038821-00039697 okay so that's all abortion you can push it again and this is all washed it I +NSECeaaUpck-00032-00039697-00040494 like to have her into that style but for Mindy I'm just gonna I'm just gonna +NSECeaaUpck-00033-00040494-00041275 leave it down maybe plateau something yeah I didn't need to but yeah this is +NSECeaaUpck-00034-00041275-00041752 the commode usually politic and then exhale when I did you do like that - +NSECeaaUpck-00035-00041752-00042388 sighs hi I just spit it like that and then push this bit on the side and so it +NSECeaaUpck-00036-00042388-00043269 just drives better so yeah so hey guys I'm back in chief hair is nearly dry +NSECeaaUpck-00037-00043269-00043933 it's been like an hour or something and so this is basically the final result +NSECeaaUpck-00038-00043933-00044469 it's not quite dry but it feels super soft and it doesn't it looks shiny but +NSECeaaUpck-00039-00044469-00045058 it doesn't look like it's just come out the back it looks nice yeah it's really +NSECeaaUpck-00040-00045058-00046113 nice to touch and play it and she looks like she's a very awkward is expensive +NSECeaaUpck-00041-00046113-00046588 with a burnished isn't that like she's a cheap like real full pound Pony she +NSECeaaUpck-00042-00046588-00047097 looks like she's from the Big Sight like she was good money ever has and glad +NSECeaaUpck-00043-00047097-00047752 that she looks like it and yeah I can just show you a bit of a hairstyle so +NSECeaaUpck-00044-00047752-00048415 you never know just gonna have to kind of wavy hair I'm just Celestia is just +NSECeaaUpck-00045-00048415-00048838 gonna have basically my real X bar court wasn't it +NSECeaaUpck-00046-00048838-00049369 to me so it at green ice and do drop dazzle was gonna have like a such a +NSECeaaUpck-00047-00049369-00050056 shiny kind of rarity Fluttershy is gonna have her own half priority without +NSECeaaUpck-00048-00050056-00050455 cutting it I was trying to make it like my other one it's ended this Rainbow +NSECeaaUpck-00049-00050455-00050962 Dash so I actually I kind of follow to kind +NSECeaaUpck-00050-00050962-00051709 of them did it myself but I watched our P fevers Rainbow Dash her tutorial and I +NSECeaaUpck-00051-00051709-00052063 kind of did it myself I don't follow it step by step I've seen +NSECeaaUpck-00052-00052063-00052585 it before and kind of remember bits of it so it's slightly different but I +NSECeaaUpck-00053-00052585-00053110 don't want to take full credit because I didn't think of it the top of my head so +NSECeaaUpck-00054-00053110-00053599 watch our video pretty cool and of course mean to you I might like a +NSECeaaUpck-00055-00053599-00054333 plat bit to there and pretty but at the moment it's just like it's just basic +NSECeaaUpck-00056-00054738-00055285 hey guys so if you like this please good I like going deep and if you want actual +NSECeaaUpck-00057-00055285-00055852 hair tutorials then you comment that - come on what pony and blue do it I'm +NSECeaaUpck-00058-00055852-00056563 going to be making some custom videos of how I make my customs and OC things and +NSECeaaUpck-00059-00056563-00059066 yes stick around for that and see you next time +NSECeaaUpck-00060-00059071-00059277 you +NTShE1a6NCg-00000-00000006-00000413 you are drivers of assetto corsa competition fed up with the cannonades that you get at +NTShE1a6NCg-00001-00000413-00001300 turn 1 of monza in every public race that you do well maybe today I found the solution +NTShE1a6NCg-00002-00001300-00001666 for you +NTShE1a6NCg-00003-00001666-00002083 I was el motosport for me sincerely was a novelty and then well I want to talk but more +NTShE1a6NCg-00004-00002083-00002443 than talk good I want to do well First of all I tell you what it is it does the motor +NTShE1a6NCg-00005-00002443-00002761 sport is a container in which they are races that are managed through a calendar at this +NTShE1a6NCg-00006-00002761-00003191 time we are in the fourth season and the calendar provides 12 weeks into a season in each week +NTShE1a6NCg-00007-00003191-00003508 is made a track that is replicated 200 times practically during the day at 2000 hours. +NTShE1a6NCg-00008-00003508-00003832 is replicated 200 times practically during the day at 2000 hours so impossible not to +NTShE1a6NCg-00009-00003832-00004101 find a race to do the races are divided into three series there was the simracing gt3 that +NTShE1a6NCg-00010-00004101-00004422 provides 45-minute races then there is the gt4 ongari 40 minutes and long gt3 with 25-minute +NTShE1a6NCg-00011-00004422-00004796 races important is that here you find a rating system similar to that of rising without paying +NTShE1a6NCg-00012-00004796-00005212 all that money in short what you have to do to register and as the first thing to take +NTShE1a6NCg-00013-00005212-00005496 the license yes because you can not register and runs you need to sell the license is actually +NTShE1a6NCg-00014-00005496-00005800 a very simple operation is to make seven consecutive laps valid within the vice track of ungaroring +NTShE1a6NCg-00015-00005800-00005954 on their server while maintaining a total average of laps under a certain time that +NTShE1a6NCg-00016-00005954-00006192 would do even a lame so the problem does not exist in fact, however, once the layers this +NTShE1a6NCg-00017-00006192-00006292 serves as a rating of the car. +NTShE1a6NCg-00018-00006292-00006609 that layers this serves as a rating of 350 or even four depends on how much you are performing +NTShE1a6NCg-00019-00006609-00007114 during the test so try to spigna in short do not do like me that I was content and 1500 +NTShE1a6NCg-00020-00007114-00007485 points that relate to your reputation at this point for each race in which you participate +NTShE1a6NCg-00021-00007485-00007879 will have a response in both points in the rating and the regulation is really very very +NTShE1a6NCg-00022-00007879-00008293 place of course there is no trick not there is no trickery as I see in my personal profile +NTShE1a6NCg-00023-00008293-00008589 I have never raced here so today we actually see if what they promise then really happens +NTShE1a6NCg-00024-00008589-00008903 and that is that we have races and very very clean because people know so much because +NTShE1a6NCg-00025-00008903-00009274 if not then they no longer run as I said inside each of these series find a lot of events +NTShE1a6NCg-00026-00009274-00009599 that was one every two hours at a fixed time with this written here you can simply record +NTShE1a6NCg-00027-00009599-00009786 the time when you record you choose what machine with networks and this is what I was talking +NTShE1a6NCg-00028-00009786-00010107 about the code of conduct by a very very precise regulation is explained very well what you +NTShE1a6NCg-00029-00010107-00010463 can do especially flight that you do not have to do the rules to be respected what you are +NTShE1a6NCg-00030-00010463-00010847 inflicted as a penalty if you make mistakes then as this week the calendar provides for +NTShE1a6NCg-00031-00010847-00011185 races all lengthening roaring that certainly is not my favorite track but this is there +NTShE1a6NCg-00032-00011185-00011632 we go to make a race at this time I do not know how many drivers there are registered +NTShE1a6NCg-00033-00011632-00011939 well say several episode and as you see for each pilot there is his score of his license +NTShE1a6NCg-00034-00011939-00012163 level to access some races you need a license level higher than the basic one that is assigned +NTShE1a6NCg-00035-00012163-00012520 so as you behave well on the track the level grows you can access to different races there +NTShE1a6NCg-00036-00012520-00012778 is the scheduling fix the championships in short it is a site that seems very very cool +NTShE1a6NCg-00037-00012778-00012886 I want to say that I never told anyone of the vast video simply a thing figarò found +NTShE1a6NCg-00038-00012886-00013272 and wanted to share with you but it will be true now we go to make the race with them +NTShE1a6NCg-00039-00013272-00013612 and see what will happen but that does not fly girl that sennò I see little and see +NTShE1a6NCg-00040-00013612-00013727 only those that I do double +NTShE1a6NCg-00041-00013727-00014037 ok guys we are inside these free thresholds are ending sincerely free trials I have not +NTShE1a6NCg-00042-00014037-00014419 shot a moment in the summer for ivan and in the standard drift unprepared for the races +NTShE1a6NCg-00043-00014419-00014887 but I want to say two things before we start first of all this site is completely free +NTShE1a6NCg-00044-00014887-00015128 and second thing that we participate in the rookie so probably here could also happen +NTShE1a6NCg-00045-00015128-00015481 something but I was assured that in the upper classes then these messes are not there we +NTShE1a6NCg-00046-00015481-00016091 arrived at a qualification we have twelve minutes let's try to do something decent because +NTShE1a6NCg-00047-00016091-00016243 I realized now that and it's night +NTShE1a6NCg-00048-00016243-00016604 well I'd say you can't see a thing in the dark +NTShE1a6NCg-00049-00016604-00016922 but a streetlight summit here every now and then maybe like they all do at white flag +NTShE1a6NCg-00050-00016922-00017090 already tell me that I have to make it +NTShE1a6NCg-00051-00017090-00017829 of course the problem of the dark will also be the embankment that I'm playing hits black +NTShE1a6NCg-00052-00017829-00018301 but lowering it a click to click in front and raising the rich duke behind and when +NTShE1a6NCg-00053-00018301-00018479 you brake say a two three +NTShE1a6NCg-00054-00018479-00018831 if I do not hurry I do not even make a turn +NTShE1a6NCg-00055-00018831-00019400 say it's much worse than before as a mechanic i charge with abul file hope everything goes +NTShE1a6NCg-00056-00019400-00019612 well guys if not here maybe there is a help right away keep left something happened that +NTShE1a6NCg-00057-00019612-00020181 was not supposed to happen evidently they have changed something like inside matrix +NTShE1a6NCg-00058-00020181-00020790 telemaco green light let's do in front badini no curve 1 attention help help help help +NTShE1a6NCg-00059-00020790-00021318 a bit of fear but with the car on the right I no I would tend to do it assad azzaroni +NTShE1a6NCg-00060-00021318-00021654 also because busy with soccer newspapers dancing among the stars or this laga death porca [ __ +NTShE1a6NCg-00061-00021654-00021959 ] how wide this is happening something counts zero nic taci di pippo for not di mortacci +NTShE1a6NCg-00062-00021959-00022292 di zazzaroni attention to meyer behind touches looks with eye in front with eye looks behind +NTShE1a6NCg-00063-00022292-00022590 meyer that sincerely more than behind starts approaching to pass through guys other thing +NTShE1a6NCg-00064-00022590-00022704 that obviously I have not told you +NTShE1a6NCg-00065-00022704-00022950 that this this portal deals mainly is only the races of trim race between pc well long +NTShE1a6NCg-00066-00022950-00023206 down here attention attention suffering in head meyer kalla that there smoked +NTShE1a6NCg-00067-00023206-00024119 nothing I prefer to keep the server of and for the moment this probably generates the +NTShE1a6NCg-00068-00024119-00024615 reaction that generates runs on sto site that when you find yourself in a dubious situation +NTShE1a6NCg-00069-00024615-00024873 thing that I always do however maybe others no +NTShE1a6NCg-00070-00024873-00025487 prefer st safe and keep eto'o serves instead of risking makes omelette is made chase away +NTShE1a6NCg-00071-00025487-00025900 work car slipped a lot of parking attention if cited batini +NTShE1a6NCg-00072-00025900-00026686 however to prescind from the seriousness of the single persons it runs on a site of the +NTShE1a6NCg-00073-00026686-00027658 kind brings you to area that ago volgente more serious because one that goes looking +NTShE1a6NCg-00074-00027658-00028538 for this type of sites is the first one to volesse behaved correctly if not there would +NTShE1a6NCg-00075-00028538-00028870 not end and therefore evidently +NTShE1a6NCg-00076-00028870-00029563 leaving lost what can happen to single race that in short the mess always happens but +NTShE1a6NCg-00077-00029563-00029972 in general I would say that the result of what you are looking for is admitted that +NTShE1a6NCg-00078-00029972-00030375 it does with clean people and with whom you can have fun +NTShE1a6NCg-00079-00030375-00031793 calculate that then there is a general classification and for this general classification is taken +NTShE1a6NCg-00080-00031793-00033309 your best race that you do in that week which on the one hand a good +NTShE1a6NCg-00081-00033309-00034033 thing because if you really want to run for the general classification +NTShE1a6NCg-00082-00034033-00034884 having all those races available as well that some race had bad you can try does your best +NTShE1a6NCg-00083-00034884-00035588 on the one hand is a pain in the ass because obviously but this week you only run here +NTShE1a6NCg-00084-00035588-00036059 bravo diego compliments and in fact comes question but here that but taken over +NTShE1a6NCg-00085-00036059-00036375 or holy [ __ ] multimedia just more pulls pm was there in braking +NTShE1a6NCg-00086-00036375-00036846 luck was certain the throw the fields and not on me of course in your profile on the +NTShE1a6NCg-00087-00036846-00037175 motorsport site immediately after the races all the statistics are updated you find all +NTShE1a6NCg-00088-00037175-00037797 your results the update on the profiles the gifts in case there were you find everything +NTShE1a6NCg-00089-00037797-00038662 in there after that for this ruby 25 minutes or a correct distance sincerely now ahead +NTShE1a6NCg-00090-00038662-00039049 and nathan i have never heard +NTShE1a6NCg-00091-00039049-00039777 especially slow stuff less than forio hello car ruined this was in front +NTShE1a6NCg-00092-00039777-00040153 also very wide here is gone +NTShE1a6NCg-00093-00040153-00040569 no more braking this attacks according to me +NTShE1a6NCg-00094-00040569-00040793 no areas that happened to you 19 come on +NTShE1a6NCg-00095-00040793-00040931 argon half attention tension very wide +NTShE1a6NCg-00096-00040931-00041271 still the argon exam is called find inside impossible here do not overcome +NTShE1a6NCg-00097-00041271-00042157 this is done we waste time we only get the result that is the one behind necessary approaching +NTShE1a6NCg-00098-00042157-00042257 fields fields for nathan +NTShE1a6NCg-00099-00042257-00043230 if of ships obvious problems with the car nè area attention now or never again porca +NTShE1a6NCg-00100-00043230-00044481 montanari here this say that I went a little long and this really look ke kazzo has done +NTShE1a6NCg-00101-00044481-00046265 less bad that had to be careful or however maybe there are judges of the race post if +NTShE1a6NCg-00102-00046265-00046812 I did some maneuver that I did not have to do will penalize +NTShE1a6NCg-00103-00046812-00048188 among the things [ __ ] of this league that is very +NTShE1a6NCg-00104-00048188-00048876 professional there is the absolute prohibition describes in chat during qualifying and during +NTShE1a6NCg-00105-00048876-00049475 the race so do not send to [ __ ] you have to phone that however a beautiful thing because +NTShE1a6NCg-00106-00049475-00050024 in the end sees here [ __ ] flying while running is not the best ok last lap of the leader +NTShE1a6NCg-00107-00050024-00051476 and guys we have behind always van damme that will try in all ways to re ps our position +NTShE1a6NCg-00108-00051476-00051611 aps nori vs +NTShE1a6NCg-00109-00051611-00052577 it's all about holding on the last lap no no no no no no no no no no no no no I got +NTShE1a6NCg-00110-00052577-00052677 turned around +NTShE1a6NCg-00111-00052677-00052777 dirty [ __ ] +NTShE1a6NCg-00112-00052777-00054174 analyzing already repassed I am to pass all but [ __ ] of f I had shot unfortunately that +NTShE1a6NCg-00113-00054174-00054358 of m but centered +NTShE1a6NCg-00114-00054358-00054994 blameless because I found myself a half pig it is not that he could do otherwise mannaggia +NTShE1a6NCg-00115-00054994-00055752 on the last lap but I always tell me the misfortune meo always on the last lap if they are also +NTShE1a6NCg-00116-00055752-00056887 to turn off the lights that is interesting as what happens in the dark ea manate if we +NTShE1a6NCg-00118-00061163-00063044 last laps because it combines or at one dix in this regard fuck +NTShE1a6NCg-00119-00063044-00065560 however in general apart from this little episode that happened I have to say has been +NTShE1a6NCg-00120-00065560-00066747 a super race in a public hardly becchi a level like that so the site is basically definitely +NTShE1a6NCg-00121-00066747-00069031 promoted for now to that we had lost half a turn and this poraccio sure let's say it +NTShE1a6NCg-00122-00069031-00069463 took a while to +NTShE1a6NCg-00123-00069463-00071044 a little time to realize that I was getting around from the guys I would say that with +NTShE1a6NCg-00124-00071044-00072513 this introductory race on the fuel mode sport the site is promoted sincerely I found myself +NTShE1a6NCg-00125-00072513-00074233 well we need to coast ghazi we'll go to see what will be my reding now okay guys I entered +NTShE1a6NCg-00126-00074233-00075048 my private session and the first thing I see and that m'ha written van damme apologizing +NTShE1a6NCg-00128-00078912-00080869 it's not a problem, I mean, I've got a lot of time on +NTShE1a6NCg-00129-00080869-00083654 my hands, because on the last lap I was fourth, and it could have been a really +NTShE1a6NCg-00130-00083654-00084623 good first race on this website, okay, you guys, it's really interesting, I mean, you +NTShE1a6NCg-00131-00084623-00086070 can see that they've already updated the results, and there's the results of the whole race, +NTShE1a6NCg-00132-00086070-00087377 my best lap, what I did on each lap, the points that I got for +NTShE1a6NCg-00133-00087377-00087852 gaining or losing a position from the start. +NTShE1a6NCg-00134-00087852-00088470 simply because I start 11th strange 12th comes even though in reality I had come fourth is +NTShE1a6NCg-00135-00088470-00088826 done with the race my always rating is down to 3 22 and here are all the explanations +NTShE1a6NCg-00136-00088826-00090515 that relate to the rating set my points on dropped to 1400 89 here you see here is the +NTShE1a6NCg-00137-00090515-00090988 change reding change minus 11 sr change and minus 0 28 probably depends on contacts in +NTShE1a6NCg-00138-00090988-00091360 the race unfortunately guys and I do not know divided by me this site is definitely proposed +NTShE1a6NCg-00139-00091360-00092404 I will return there runs this unfortunately I could go very well as a debut race is in +NTShE1a6NCg-00140-00092404-00092848 the year crap said this guys as usual I always greet you in the same way I think now mater +NTShE1a6NCg-00141-00092848-00093394 para memory I do not have to thank you in the time we have alone together is as usual +NTShE1a6NCg-00142-00093394-00094892 see you at the next video hello to all +NUYDqN_8cfE-00000-00000104-00000528 is what's one tip that you want to give to a current student athlete +NUYDqN_8cfE-00001-00000752-00001544 one tip i would say uh for a student athlete um time management just the more organized you are +NUYDqN_8cfE-00002-00001544-00002256 the the more uh i would say the more smoothly your your process will go i'm just uh knowing what time +NUYDqN_8cfE-00003-00002256-00002784 to to get up to knock things out as far as your schoolwork and your workout so you have a good +NUYDqN_8cfE-00004-00002784-00003415 balance um i feel like that's important as far as you know all student athletes depend depending on +NUYDqN_8cfE-00005-00003576-00004496 whatever sports you play so yeah i feel like time management would be a good tip you +NW5pBWG7KT8-00000-00000204-00000330 Hello, it's Alex! +NW5pBWG7KT8-00001-00000330-00000593 I want to talk a little bit more about +NW5pBWG7KT8-00002-00000593-00000737 what my last video was about. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00003-00000737-00000894 So, my last video was about +NW5pBWG7KT8-00004-00000894-00001080 expressing boundaries +NW5pBWG7KT8-00005-00001080-00001271 in relationships, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00006-00001271-00001415 especially when dealing with like +NW5pBWG7KT8-00007-00001415-00001732 romantic or sexual things. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00008-00001732-00001895 And this video is about +NW5pBWG7KT8-00009-00001895-00002106 something that I see people do, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00010-00002106-00002311 it's kind of like a form of "rejection" +NW5pBWG7KT8-00011-00002311-00002448 you could say. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00012-00002448-00002661 And, it's a way that people respond +NW5pBWG7KT8-00013-00002661-00002855 to others that I don't like, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00014-00002855-00003049 and that I think can be very harmful. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00015-00003049-00003313 And what this way is, is, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00016-00003313-00003454 so, there are two people, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00017-00003454-00003647 and let's say one person +NW5pBWG7KT8-00018-00003647-00004036 is acting towards the other in a way +NW5pBWG7KT8-00019-00004036-00004218 that oversteps some boundaries. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00020-00004218-00004318 They're giving them +NW5pBWG7KT8-00021-00004318-00004466 some unwanted attention. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00022-00004466-00004719 And, the other person +NW5pBWG7KT8-00023-00004719-00004981 doesn't express any boundaries expilcitly, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00024-00004981-00005230 they just disappear, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00025-00005230-00005500 they just stop contacting the person. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00026-00005500-00005693 And this usually happens +NW5pBWG7KT8-00027-00005693-00005831 over electronic communication, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00028-00005831-00006313 and I want to talk about why, a little bit. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00029-00006313-00006613 In person, if someone +NW5pBWG7KT8-00030-00006613-00006850 closes off to another person, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00031-00006850-00006950 it's usually very visible. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00032-00006950-00007052 So, for example, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00033-00007052-00007419 if I'm in a conversation with someone, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00034-00007419-00007572 and the person wants to leave +NW5pBWG7KT8-00035-00007572-00007750 or stop the conversation, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00036-00007750-00008042 it's usually pretty clear to me. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00037-00008042-00008162 There can be some problems +NW5pBWG7KT8-00038-00008162-00008319 for people who have trouble +NW5pBWG7KT8-00039-00008319-00008435 reading social cues, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00040-00008435-00008535 so for example, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00041-00008535-00008744 people on the autism spectrum, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00042-00008744-00009129 people who struggle with social anxiety disorders, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00043-00009129-00009229 there are all sorts of reasons +NW5pBWG7KT8-00044-00009229-00009329 why people can struggle +NW5pBWG7KT8-00045-00009329-00009499 with reading social cues, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00046-00009499-00009643 but I think in general, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00047-00009643-00009829 in person, it's a little easier +NW5pBWG7KT8-00048-00009829-00009969 to tell these things. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00049-00009969-00010069 And, similarly, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00050-00010069-00010210 if there is a person +NW5pBWG7KT8-00051-00010210-00010379 who is really avoiding me, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00052-00010379-00010551 I can usually tell, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00053-00010551-00010893 like if I notice that in a room, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00054-00010893-00011110 someone tends to walk away +NW5pBWG7KT8-00055-00011110-00011243 when I'm present, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00056-00011243-00011407 that's a pretty obvious signal, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00057-00011407-00011532 especially if it's a person +NW5pBWG7KT8-00058-00011532-00011695 that I'm trying to interact with. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00059-00011695-00012059 It's going to be pretty obvious to me. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00060-00012059-00012165 On the other hand, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00061-00012165-00012304 when someone just drops +NW5pBWG7KT8-00062-00012304-00012636 out of online communication, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00063-00012636-00012850 that's not always as obvious, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00064-00012850-00013035 and, I want to make clear +NW5pBWG7KT8-00065-00013035-00013243 that there are two different types of dropping off. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00066-00013243-00013458 There's completely dropping off, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00067-00013458-00013558 so someone just +NW5pBWG7KT8-00068-00013558-00013716 completely stops responding +NW5pBWG7KT8-00069-00013716-00013926 to any sort of contact, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00070-00013926-00014159 and there is also, kind of like, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00071-00014159-00014444 "half-assed" dropping out of communication, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00072-00014444-00014572 so like, someone that I used to have +NW5pBWG7KT8-00073-00014572-00014837 more extended conversations with, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00074-00014837-00015079 and suddenly we're having more like +NW5pBWG7KT8-00075-00015079-00015229 short interactions, and like, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00076-00015229-00015358 I'll ask a question, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00077-00015358-00015940 they'll give me a really short answer. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00078-00015940-00016112 With electronic communication, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00079-00016112-00016465 it's much harder to read cues +NW5pBWG7KT8-00080-00016465-00016698 related to these sorts of behaviors. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00081-00016698-00016923 And, I think that this is why +NW5pBWG7KT8-00082-00016923-00017040 it's really important, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00083-00017040-00017182 if you're interacting with someone +NW5pBWG7KT8-00084-00017182-00017411 over text, over Facebook, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00085-00017411-00017715 over any kind of electronic medium, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00086-00017715-00017837 especially ones that don't have +NW5pBWG7KT8-00087-00017837-00018105 any voice or visual component to them, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00088-00018105-00018348 I think it becomes even more important +NW5pBWG7KT8-00089-00018348-00018515 to be direct +NW5pBWG7KT8-00090-00018515-00018842 if someone has overstepped a boundary, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00091-00018842-00018984 if you're not interested in them +NW5pBWG7KT8-00092-00018984-00019179 in a specific way, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00093-00019179-00019401 if some type of attention they're giving you +NW5pBWG7KT8-00094-00019401-00019501 is unwanted. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00095-00019501-00019713 I think it becomes much more important +NW5pBWG7KT8-00096-00019713-00019903 to be direct with them. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00097-00019903-00020065 And I want to talk a little bit about +NW5pBWG7KT8-00098-00020065-00020165 how it feels to be +NW5pBWG7KT8-00099-00020165-00020379 on the receiving end of this, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00100-00020379-00020790 when people close off. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00101-00020790-00020976 If I'm interested in someone, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00102-00020976-00021180 and things are going well, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00103-00021180-00021373 we're conversing a lot, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00104-00021373-00021576 the person seems to be engaging with me +NW5pBWG7KT8-00105-00021576-00021787 and expressing interest in me, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00106-00021787-00021943 and then all of a sudden, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00107-00021943-00022085 something changes, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00108-00022085-00022401 like the person either stops contacting me entirely, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00109-00022401-00022733 or the person starts like +NW5pBWG7KT8-00110-00022733-00022881 interacting in a way that seems +NW5pBWG7KT8-00111-00022881-00023305 like lackluster or not very enthusiastic, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00112-00023305-00023505 I don't know how to interpret it. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00113-00023505-00023740 And, part of the reason is that +NW5pBWG7KT8-00114-00023740-00023959 there are so many different reasons +NW5pBWG7KT8-00115-00023959-00024282 that a person can change their behavior like that. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00116-00024282-00024424 And, I know that, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00117-00024424-00024606 because of my past history +NW5pBWG7KT8-00118-00024606-00024923 of interacting with all the different friends +NW5pBWG7KT8-00119-00024923-00025060 and acquaintances in my life. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00120-00025060-00025265 I've had a number of people +NW5pBWG7KT8-00121-00025265-00025435 that I am very close to, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00122-00025435-00025535 who periodically +NW5pBWG7KT8-00123-00025535-00025770 drop out of communication with me. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00124-00025770-00025870 And there can be +NW5pBWG7KT8-00125-00025870-00025995 all sorts of different reasons. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00126-00025995-00026337 Like, some people just get really busy, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00127-00026337-00026570 some people lose their phone. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00128-00026570-00026687 Some people go somewhere +NW5pBWG7KT8-00129-00026687-00027045 where they don't have great internet connectivity. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00130-00027045-00027150 Some people are just really bad +NW5pBWG7KT8-00131-00027150-00027270 at responding to texts, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00132-00027270-00027451 and have periods of their life +NW5pBWG7KT8-00133-00027451-00027697 where they don't respond very well +NW5pBWG7KT8-00134-00027697-00027895 or very enthusiastically to texts, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00135-00027895-00028022 but they still like me, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00136-00028022-00028176 and I know that because I know them well, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00137-00028176-00028473 and we have a close and intimate friendship, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00138-00028473-00028768 with trust like that. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00139-00028768-00028962 When it's someone that I'm just getting to know, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00140-00028962-00029237 I don't have any of this context at all, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00141-00029237-00029429 so like, when the person either +NW5pBWG7KT8-00142-00029429-00029592 drops out of communication +NW5pBWG7KT8-00143-00029592-00029870 or scales back the communication, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00144-00029870-00030144 I don't know how to read it. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00145-00030144-00030535 And, I've had instances where +NW5pBWG7KT8-00146-00030535-00030788 I've reached out to someone once or twice, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00147-00030788-00031010 and they don't respond, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00148-00031010-00031110 and then I reach out again, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00149-00031110-00031388 and then the person freaks out on me, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00150-00031388-00031488 and they're like: +NW5pBWG7KT8-00151-00031488-00031588 "Hey. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00152-00031588-00031688 I'm really not interested in you." +NW5pBWG7KT8-00153-00031688-00031848 "I want you to leave me alone." +NW5pBWG7KT8-00154-00031848-00032068 "Why didn't you take the hint?" +NW5pBWG7KT8-00155-00032068-00032185 And I'm just like, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00156-00032185-00032383 this seems kind of unreasonable, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00157-00032383-00032614 because all my close friends +NW5pBWG7KT8-00158-00032614-00032825 do this kind of thing to me +NW5pBWG7KT8-00159-00032825-00033020 from time to time anyway, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00160-00033020-00033226 so like, from my perspective, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00161-00033226-00033479 I really don't have the information +NW5pBWG7KT8-00162-00033479-00033761 to know what's going on in your head. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00163-00033761-00034063 I'm not psychic, I'm not a mind reader, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00164-00034063-00034226 and I don't have the context. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00165-00034226-00034340 I don't know you well, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00166-00034340-00034562 so I don't know how you treat +NW5pBWG7KT8-00167-00034562-00034749 or respond to other people. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00168-00034749-00034991 So I've seen people get angry at me, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00169-00034991-00035243 and what I've seen more often than that, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00170-00035243-00035448 I've overheard conversations +NW5pBWG7KT8-00171-00035448-00035632 where people are talking about +NW5pBWG7KT8-00172-00035632-00035926 other people not taking the hint. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00173-00035926-00036290 And, they're similarly judging them, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00174-00036290-00036409 feeling angry at them, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00175-00036409-00036584 feeling frustrated at them. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00176-00036584-00036748 And I'm thinking to myself, like: +NW5pBWG7KT8-00177-00036748-00037078 "Why don't you just tell the person directly?" +NW5pBWG7KT8-00178-00037078-00037281 You don't need to be harsh about it. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00179-00037281-00037434 You can just be like: +NW5pBWG7KT8-00180-00037434-00037675 "Hey," like "if you're texted me a lot," +NW5pBWG7KT8-00181-00037675-00038046 "I'd appreciate it if you wait for me to respond" +NW5pBWG7KT8-00182-00038046-00038158 "before you text me again," +NW5pBWG7KT8-00183-00038158-00038439 "because otherwise I get a little bit overwhelmed." +NW5pBWG7KT8-00184-00038439-00038607 That's a great guideline, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00185-00038607-00038827 and if people follow it, it's really effective +NW5pBWG7KT8-00186-00038827-00039207 at cutting down unwanted text attention from them. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00187-00039207-00039381 There are all sorts of other ways +NW5pBWG7KT8-00188-00039381-00039600 you can express boundaries. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00189-00039600-00039976 I highly recommend being direct, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00190-00039976-00040265 and being both direct and respectful. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00191-00040265-00040365 Umm, okay. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00192-00040365-00040626 So I've talked about the importance of doing this. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00193-00040626-00040922 Now, I anticipate one objection, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00194-00040922-00041035 because this is an objection +NW5pBWG7KT8-00195-00041035-00041309 that I have heard a lot of people bring up +NW5pBWG7KT8-00196-00041309-00041601 when I've said these sorts of things +NW5pBWG7KT8-00197-00041601-00041763 in the past. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00198-00041763-00041970 And that is, it's usually coming from women +NW5pBWG7KT8-00199-00041970-00042338 talking about unwanted attention from men, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00200-00042338-00042451 and what I hear is: +NW5pBWG7KT8-00201-00042451-00042609 "But I don't feel safe." +NW5pBWG7KT8-00202-00042609-00043033 And so there is this assumption that like, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00203-00043033-00043200 if you're a woman, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00204-00043200-00043420 and you're receiving unwanted attention +NW5pBWG7KT8-00205-00043420-00043721 or unwanted advances from a man, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00206-00043721-00044045 that you are somehow going to be more safe +NW5pBWG7KT8-00207-00044045-00044301 if you just drop out of communication +NW5pBWG7KT8-00208-00044301-00044415 with him entirely, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00209-00044415-00044618 or if you give him sort of +NW5pBWG7KT8-00210-00044618-00044928 brief but polite responses +NW5pBWG7KT8-00211-00044928-00045325 that don't really like escalate the situation. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00212-00045325-00045524 And I really disagree with this. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00213-00045524-00045853 I don't think that this makes women more safe, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00214-00045853-00045974 and I want to talk about why, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00215-00045974-00046112 and it has to do with +NW5pBWG7KT8-00216-00046112-00046312 being on the other end +NW5pBWG7KT8-00217-00046312-00046449 of these sorts of exchanges. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00218-00046449-00046715 And I want to talk a little bit about +NW5pBWG7KT8-00219-00046715-00046932 different times and different ways +NW5pBWG7KT8-00220-00046932-00047174 I've been rejected. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00221-00047174-00047349 In college I had a friend +NW5pBWG7KT8-00222-00047349-00047576 that I had a huge crush on, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00223-00047576-00047676 and we would hang out +NW5pBWG7KT8-00224-00047676-00047788 and study together a lot. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00225-00047788-00047915 And, at one point, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00226-00047915-00048114 we were studying together on her bed, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00227-00048114-00048234 and I was talking to her, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00228-00048234-00048340 and I opened up a little bit +NW5pBWG7KT8-00229-00048340-00048511 about my feelings for her, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00230-00048511-00048689 and how I was interested in her. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00231-00048689-00048814 And she was like: +NW5pBWG7KT8-00232-00048814-00048914 "You know?" +NW5pBWG7KT8-00233-00048914-00049102 "I don't really see you in this way." +NW5pBWG7KT8-00234-00049102-00049374 "I don't really want to connect with you in that way." +NW5pBWG7KT8-00235-00049374-00049696 "I really like the friendship that we have." +NW5pBWG7KT8-00236-00049696-00049869 "I really want to just keep things" +NW5pBWG7KT8-00237-00049869-00050114 "the way they are currently." +NW5pBWG7KT8-00238-00050114-00050343 And she was pretty direct about that. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00239-00050343-00050581 And, I went home that night, and I was sad, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00240-00050581-00050807 and I cried a little bit, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00241-00050807-00050973 and like, literally the next day, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00242-00050973-00051104 I was over it. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00243-00051104-00051225 And I think part of the reason +NW5pBWG7KT8-00244-00051225-00051402 I got over it so easily, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00245-00051402-00051621 is that she was so direct with me. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00246-00051621-00051813 Like she listened to me, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00247-00051813-00052012 she didn't judge me or attack me, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00248-00052012-00052195 and then she told me what she wanted, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00249-00052195-00052315 like what her boundaries were, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00250-00052315-00052570 how she felt about me. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00251-00052570-00052714 It made it really easy for me. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00252-00052714-00052954 Now I want to share another situation +NW5pBWG7KT8-00253-00052954-00053151 that was a little bit harder for me. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00254-00053151-00053292 Later, there was someone +NW5pBWG7KT8-00255-00053292-00053537 that I had been hanging out with too, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00256-00053537-00053718 and, we would have kind of like +NW5pBWG7KT8-00257-00053718-00053907 an intense connection, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00258-00053907-00054052 when we would hang out, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00259-00054052-00054185 and she would tell me a lot +NW5pBWG7KT8-00260-00054185-00054376 about how much she connected with me +NW5pBWG7KT8-00261-00054376-00054657 intellectually, and how much she liked me. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00262-00054657-00054899 But then, we would go for like a couple weeks, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00263-00054899-00055167 and she wouldn't respond to me very much, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00264-00055167-00055333 and then she would like want to meet up again, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00265-00055333-00055604 and we'd meet up, and it would feel really good, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00266-00055604-00055761 and again, she would express +NW5pBWG7KT8-00267-00055761-00055986 how much she liked me. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00268-00055986-00056143 And then, after a while, like, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00269-00056143-00056475 I kept expressing that I wanted to hang out more, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00270-00056475-00056675 and that I was interested in her, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00271-00056675-00056850 and she never really said no, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00272-00056850-00057112 she never really said that she wasn't interested in me, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00273-00057112-00057282 she never really said that she didn't like +NW5pBWG7KT8-00274-00057282-00057589 any of the attention I was giving her. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00275-00057589-00057933 But she sort of slowly withdrew from me. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00276-00057933-00058241 And I found that situation pretty painful. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00277-00058241-00058525 And, it was hard for me to get over her. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00278-00058525-00058745 And, I harbored some frustration +NW5pBWG7KT8-00279-00058745-00058948 and anger towards her, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00280-00058948-00059170 because of the lack of directness. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00281-00059170-00059408 Like, I felt that she had strung me along +NW5pBWG7KT8-00282-00059408-00059574 a little bit. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00283-00059574-00059857 I felt that she made it harder for me. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00284-00059857-00060191 And, I also want to share +NW5pBWG7KT8-00285-00060191-00060376 some other situations. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00286-00060376-00060556 Like, I've had situations +NW5pBWG7KT8-00287-00060556-00060825 where I meet people out and about, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00288-00060825-00061141 and they're really enthusiastic, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00289-00061141-00061324 they're really friendly, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00290-00061324-00061666 sometimes they even ask me for my number. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00291-00061666-00062004 So I give someone the number, whatever, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00292-00062004-00062151 and we start communicating, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00293-00062151-00062370 we start interacting, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00294-00062370-00062516 and then, at a certain point, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00295-00062516-00062727 the person just disappears. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00296-00062727-00063029 And, I also find those situations +NW5pBWG7KT8-00297-00063029-00063145 a little bit hard. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00298-00063145-00063358 It's confusing for me. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00299-00063358-00063516 Those situations often induce +NW5pBWG7KT8-00300-00063516-00063620 a lot of self-doubt. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00301-00063620-00063845 I'm like, "Did I say something wrong?" +NW5pBWG7KT8-00302-00063845-00063987 "Did I do something wrong?" +NW5pBWG7KT8-00303-00063987-00064204 "What is this about?" +NW5pBWG7KT8-00304-00064204-00064436 And it's because there is no communication +NW5pBWG7KT8-00305-00064436-00064569 from the other person. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00306-00064569-00064948 And, if, if, and this has happened before, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00307-00064948-00065245 if I run into those people in my life, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00308-00065245-00065401 I feel weird about them. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00309-00065401-00065593 I feel uncomfortable around them. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00310-00065593-00065783 And I have a little bit of this like +NW5pBWG7KT8-00311-00065783-00066139 negative feeling towards them. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00312-00066139-00066285 And so like, how doess this relate +NW5pBWG7KT8-00313-00066285-00066518 to women being safe? +NW5pBWG7KT8-00314-00066518-00067051 Well, I would imagine that women would be safer +NW5pBWG7KT8-00315-00067051-00067393 if there were people out there +NW5pBWG7KT8-00316-00067393-00067510 that they had rejected +NW5pBWG7KT8-00317-00067510-00067770 in ways that led those people to feel good +NW5pBWG7KT8-00318-00067770-00067979 about the rejection. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00319-00067979-00068192 I don't think I'm ever at risk of +NW5pBWG7KT8-00320-00068192-00068323 harassing someone +NW5pBWG7KT8-00321-00068323-00068566 or committing violence against someone, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00322-00068566-00068785 but there are definitely people out there +NW5pBWG7KT8-00323-00068785-00068964 who have done that. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00324-00068964-00069272 Like, I've had people stalk and harass me. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00325-00069272-00069372 It can be very scary. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00326-00069372-00069719 So this is something I have direct experience with. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00327-00069719-00070138 But like, like the last thing I would want +NW5pBWG7KT8-00328-00070138-00070269 is for someone out there +NW5pBWG7KT8-00329-00070269-00070369 that I've rejected, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00330-00070369-00070636 to be harboring animosity towards me, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00331-00070636-00070799 to be feeling angry, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00332-00070799-00071074 to be feeling like I hurt them. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00333-00071074-00071354 Umm, it really is puzzling to me +NW5pBWG7KT8-00334-00071354-00071586 how another person could think +NW5pBWG7KT8-00335-00071586-00071954 that they are making themselves "safe" +NW5pBWG7KT8-00336-00071954-00072305 by being indirect with a person, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00337-00072305-00072526 like by dragging out the interactions, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00338-00072526-00072713 by being like "polite" and sort of +NW5pBWG7KT8-00339-00072713-00072994 having it go on and on and on. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00340-00072994-00073195 Like, how is that +NW5pBWG7KT8-00341-00073195-00073377 supposed to make someone safe? +NW5pBWG7KT8-00342-00073377-00073652 Like, to me, it seems like +NW5pBWG7KT8-00343-00073652-00073855 it would make them safe +NW5pBWG7KT8-00344-00073855-00074297 if they were direct with the people. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00345-00074297-00074512 And this fits with my experience +NW5pBWG7KT8-00346-00074512-00074717 of stalking and harassment. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00347-00074717-00075126 Umm, when this person started stalking me, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00348-00075126-00075227 there was an escalation, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00349-00075227-00075352 like this person was +NW5pBWG7KT8-00350-00075352-00075541 waiting for me in her car +NW5pBWG7KT8-00351-00075541-00075730 outside my home. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00352-00075730-00075999 This person looked up a class that I was in +NW5pBWG7KT8-00353-00075999-00076169 through the registrar at a college +NW5pBWG7KT8-00354-00076169-00076407 where I was taking part-time classes, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00355-00076407-00076636 and showed up outside that class. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00356-00076636-00076922 So, like, it was pretty creepy. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00357-00076922-00077419 But, when I directly expressed to the person +NW5pBWG7KT8-00358-00077419-00077626 in pretty strong terms +NW5pBWG7KT8-00359-00077626-00077824 that I didn't like what she was doing +NW5pBWG7KT8-00360-00077824-00078110 and that I wanted her to stop, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00361-00078110-00078356 only then did she stop. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00362-00078356-00078488 She did not stop +NW5pBWG7KT8-00363-00078488-00078612 when I was sort of +NW5pBWG7KT8-00364-00078612-00078786 sittiing back from a distance +NW5pBWG7KT8-00365-00078786-00078994 and hoping that she would stop. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00366-00078994-00079199 Now, there is no guarantee +NW5pBWG7KT8-00367-00079199-00079301 that a person is going to respect your boundaries. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00368-00079301-00079627 Like, there are plenty of instances +NW5pBWG7KT8-00369-00079627-00079748 and I know people +NW5pBWG7KT8-00370-00079748-00079848 who have been in these situations, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00371-00079848-00079948 there is plenty of instances +NW5pBWG7KT8-00372-00079948-00080114 where people will be direct +NW5pBWG7KT8-00373-00080114-00080312 and then the person continues the behavior. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00374-00080312-00080547 And I think that that's a whole other topic, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00375-00080547-00080744 like you might want to get the police involved +NW5pBWG7KT8-00376-00080744-00080875 in situations like that. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00377-00080875-00081085 But the point is like, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00378-00081085-00081324 you're not making yourself safe +NW5pBWG7KT8-00379-00081324-00081610 by just ignoring a person, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00380-00081610-00081886 or by being "polite" to the person. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00381-00081886-00082016 I think that could make you +NW5pBWG7KT8-00382-00082016-00082241 much more unsafe, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00383-00082241-00082523 and mainly by leading the other person +NW5pBWG7KT8-00384-00082523-00082739 to feel more frustrated and angry, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00385-00082739-00082858 because I think it's +NW5pBWG7KT8-00386-00082858-00083092 being in a place of frustration and anger +NW5pBWG7KT8-00387-00083092-00083361 that really increases the risk +NW5pBWG7KT8-00388-00083361-00083576 that a person will harass someone +NW5pBWG7KT8-00389-00083576-00083775 in a major way +NW5pBWG7KT8-00390-00083775-00083937 or commit violence against them. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00391-00083937-00084060 So, yeah, +NW5pBWG7KT8-00392-00084060-00084189 sorry this video took a kind of like +NW5pBWG7KT8-00393-00084189-00084373 heavy turn at the end. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00394-00084373-00084495 I'm anticipating some people +NW5pBWG7KT8-00395-00084495-00084691 might not agree fully with this. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00396-00084691-00084810 I would love to hear from you. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00397-00084810-00084974 Do you disagree with any of this? +NW5pBWG7KT8-00398-00084974-00085136 Do you agree with it? +NW5pBWG7KT8-00399-00085136-00085325 I'm hoping to continue the discussion +NW5pBWG7KT8-00400-00085325-00085494 in the comments. +NW5pBWG7KT8-00401-00085494-00085707 Yeah, please let me know what you think! +NW5pBWG7KT8-00402-00085708-00085946 Thank you! +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00000-00000416-00000800 * Changed to 3rd person view * +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00001-00001440-00001884 * Changed controls for 3rd person view * +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00002-00004408-00004778 * More spacious * +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00003-00005910-00006208 * New knock down system * +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00004-00007214-00007584 * Fixed rotating after death * +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00005-00007776-00008306 * Fixed Boss not reacting correctly while getting hit * +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00006-00009018-00009216 Alright! This update is based on the comments +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00007-00009216-00009612 which mentioned about the 3rd person view would be more interesting. +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00008-00009648-00009920 So we made a quick adjustment right away! +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00009-00009942-00010312 Other features have been made/adjusted for the 3rd person view. +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00010-00010336-00010608 Like control system and more spacious battlefield etc. +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00011-00010628-00010846 However, we are still modifying the ranged attack. +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00012-00010858-00011102 Hopefully we can present you on next Sunday! +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00013-00011108-00011348 We hope you enjoying this update! +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00014-00011366-00011698 Leave us a comment if you don't like it or you have some brilliant ideas! +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00015-00011698-00011870 We have read and discussed on every comment every time! +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00016-00011870-00012140 We made games FOR YOU! +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00017-00012152-00012428 Remember to like this video, subscribe to our channel and share it out! +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00018-00012430-00012622 See you on next Sunday! +Ncmk8YKNDGu-00019-00012632-00012682 Meow? +Nn-mlTPesYu-00000-00000000-00000406 Deep underneath Transylvania is a huge subterranean cavern +Nn-mlTPesYu-00001-00000406-00000669 where something very strange is happening. +Nn-mlTPesYu-00002-00000669-00001019 Strange and totally amazing! +Nn-mlTPesYu-00003-00001543-00001856 It’s hard to understate the historical value of salt. +Nn-mlTPesYu-00004-00001856-00002163 Wars were fought over it, people founded entire cities around it. +Nn-mlTPesYu-00005-00002163-00002366 At one point it was worth its weight in gold! +Nn-mlTPesYu-00006-00002366-00002783 But today it’s common place and this leaves salt mines in a weird place. +Nn-mlTPesYu-00007-00002783-00003246 You’re left with this huge cavernous space that you’re not sure what to do with. +Nn-mlTPesYu-00008-00003246-00003483 Well, in Transylvania, Romania, +Nn-mlTPesYu-00009-00003483-00003820 they decided to do something incredible with their salt mine. +Nn-mlTPesYu-00010-00003820-00004036 It looks like this. +Nn-mlTPesYu-00011-00004330-00004593 Welcome to Salina Turda. +Nn-mlTPesYu-00012-00004893-00005046 Tourists enter the mine +Nn-mlTPesYu-00013-00005046-00005383 through a centuries old vertical shaft. +Nn-mlTPesYu-00014-00005383-00005580 And as they descend, +Nn-mlTPesYu-00015-00005580-00005820 it’s like they’re going into some sort of +Nn-mlTPesYu-00016-00005820-00006316 futuristic, subterranean world that had to be built after a great apocalypse, +Nn-mlTPesYu-00017-00006316-00006513 restarting humanity underground. +Nn-mlTPesYu-00018-00006513-00007030 It has this kind of Blade Runner, Mole People thing going on. +Nn-mlTPesYu-00019-00007030-00007366 And what do you find in this futuristic landscape? +Nn-mlTPesYu-00020-00007366-00007869 Well at about 140 feet below the surface you'll find mini-golf, +Nn-mlTPesYu-00021-00007869-00007966 ping pong +Nn-mlTPesYu-00022-00007966-00008130 basketball hoops, bowling, +Nn-mlTPesYu-00023-00008130-00008356 there’s a hundred person amphitheater in there. +Nn-mlTPesYu-00024-00008356-00008706 You enter this vast enormous space and at the bottom of it +Nn-mlTPesYu-00025-00008706-00009083 there’s a salt lake with an island of salt piled up in the middle +Nn-mlTPesYu-00026-00009083-00009450 where you can go and rent a rowboat and row out to that little island. +Nn-mlTPesYu-00027-00009450-00009996 And then next to that there’s a giant Ferris wheel that’s lit up and spinning. +Nn-mlTPesYu-00028-00009996-00010346 And it’s all happening deep underground in Transylvania! +Nn-mlTPesYu-00029-00010346-00010586 What they’ve done is taken this mine +Nn-mlTPesYu-00030-00010586-00010846 and turned it into a museum of the history of mining. +Nn-mlTPesYu-00031-00010846-00011153 But really it’s a sort of general purpose theme park with +Nn-mlTPesYu-00032-00011153-00011316 all kinds of amusements in it. +Nn-mlTPesYu-00033-00011316-00011386 We should go. +Nn-mlTPesYu-00034-00011386-00011526 Why are we not going? +Nn-mlTPesYu-00035-00011526-00011650 Subscribe here +Nn-mlTPesYu-00036-00011650-00011896 and watch more videos here. +OoaXalHz2Go-00000-00000000-00000634 *very nice intro music* +OoaXalHz2Go-00001-00000634-00001144 Hello my dear viewers, how are you all doing, and happy eid! +OoaXalHz2Go-00002-00001144-00001365 Welcome again to another video +OoaXalHz2Go-00003-00001365-00002049 In todays video ill be showing you how to remove the vocals from any song that you've heard +OoaXalHz2Go-00004-00002049-00002310 also going to remind you to check out our social media before proceeding with the video +OoaXalHz2Go-00005-00002310-00002678 and connect with me via these channels infront of you +OoaXalHz2Go-00006-00002678-00002985 and if you have any queries or questions, you can contact me +OoaXalHz2Go-00007-00002985-00003141 and hopefully ill be able to respond to everything! +OoaXalHz2Go-00008-00003141-00003478 And again, make sure to subscribe and press the like button :D +OoaXalHz2Go-00009-00003478-00003937 Ok! Lets now look at the methodology behind removing these vocals from their respective songs +OoaXalHz2Go-00010-00003937-00004337 of course, while ive been getting everything ready for this video, i remembered that youtube +OoaXalHz2Go-00011-00004337-00004661 has very strict rules on copyright (*it really does*) +OoaXalHz2Go-00012-00004661-00005329 so ive been trying as much as possible to be careful with my choice of music +OoaXalHz2Go-00013-00005329-00005741 consequentially, i wasn't able to choose famous western or arabic songs +OoaXalHz2Go-00014-00005741-00006045 so that i dont get hit with a copyright strike (*you never know with these guys*) +OoaXalHz2Go-00015-00006045-00006193 and have us get into trouble with them +OoaXalHz2Go-00016-00006193-00006813 so i picked a very simple sample today which is mostly a choir with some instruments in the background +OoaXalHz2Go-00017-00006813-00007315 so that you can see how the music gets separated from the vocals +OoaXalHz2Go-00018-00007315-00007783 Ok, lets listen to this sample alone without any edits to it +OoaXalHz2Go-00020-00010932-00011489 Ok, a very simple sample and the vocals are clear as well as the instruments behind it +OoaXalHz2Go-00021-00011489-00012032 as you can see, the sample is pretty long so we're just going to take a small part of it, about this much +OoaXalHz2Go-00022-00012032-00012640 ok, and ill mute the other parts too +OoaXalHz2Go-00023-00012640-00013008 lets expand the selection a bit, and now we have this small sample here +OoaXalHz2Go-00024-00013008-00013263 so what are we going to do with this? What program are we going to use for this? +OoaXalHz2Go-00025-00013263-00013852 Of course, the program RX Pro from iZotope is what were going to be using today which will help us out quite a bit and is very easy to use +OoaXalHz2Go-00026-00013852-00014016 it's also very accurate and precise on the selections! +OoaXalHz2Go-00027-00014016-00014375 so what were going to do now is take this sample +OoaXalHz2Go-00028-00014375-00014755 and transfer it over to RX so that we can do the edits directly on it +OoaXalHz2Go-00029-00014755-00014984 and we're gonna want to send it back to Pro Tools +OoaXalHz2Go-00030-00014984-00015539 The first thing i wanna do is go to the audio suite on the menu - +OoaXalHz2Go-00031-00015539-00016036 go to iZotope and select RX Pro connect +OoaXalHz2Go-00032-00016036-00016247 it'll show me this tool here like this +OoaXalHz2Go-00033-00016247-00016828 there is a step that youre gonna have to do here if this is the first time using this, if you're using Pro Tools +OoaXalHz2Go-00034-00016828-00017292 you're gonna need an auxiliary track so that you can listen to it via RX +OoaXalHz2Go-00035-00017292-00018652 so what im gonna do here is the following: New Track > Stereo > Aux Input > Name it playback +OoaXalHz2Go-00036-00018652-00019355 ok, make it the aux track.. ill now go over to the aux track itself +OoaXalHz2Go-00037-00019355-00020047 and go to the plugins and choose iZotope and go to RX Pro Monitor +OoaXalHz2Go-00038-00020047-00020860 So what this is going to do is apply the plugin to the track on this selection so that I can hear the sound coming from RX +OoaXalHz2Go-00039-00020860-00021355 of course, it currently says its disconnected, however once i choose the sample i want to take to RX +OoaXalHz2Go-00040-00021355-00021583 and send it.. +OoaXalHz2Go-00041-00021583-00021987 it will open up this window just like this +OoaXalHz2Go-00042-00021987-00022267 This is the music track that we were listening to do a bit back +OoaXalHz2Go-00043-00022267-00022964 *Music starts playing again* +OoaXalHz2Go-00044-00022964-00023384 so this has been the first step, we selected the audio file and its destination file +OoaXalHz2Go-00045-00023384-00023675 and we opened up RX and transferred +OoaXalHz2Go-00046-00023675-00023963 the audio over to RX, we opened it inside the program +OoaXalHz2Go-00047-00023963-00024187 when were inside of this program +OoaXalHz2Go-00048-00024187-00024527 there is a cool option called music rebalance +OoaXalHz2Go-00049-00024527-00024696 so what's music rebalance? +OoaXalHz2Go-00050-00024696-00025144 Well the music rebalance is, as you can see here, a selection of four options +OoaXalHz2Go-00051-00025144-00025571 which include vocals bass percussion and other +OoaXalHz2Go-00052-00025571-00026104 so if i only want the vocals, ill keep vocals on 0 +OoaXalHz2Go-00053-00026104-00026472 and pull everything else down +OoaXalHz2Go-00054-00026472-00027235 one nice thing about RX in comparison to the websites that promise to remove the vocals from the music +OoaXalHz2Go-00055-00027235-00027748 is that RX gives you not only the vocals in one file +OoaXalHz2Go-00056-00027748-00027904 and the music in one file, nope +OoaXalHz2Go-00057-00027904-00028680 this can give you the vocals on its own and the bass on its own and the percussion instruments on its own +OoaXalHz2Go-00058-00028680-00029231 and the other instruments +OoaXalHz2Go-00059-00029231-00029553 so lets take a look at this real quick +OoaXalHz2Go-00060-00029553-00030081 we changed things up so that only the vocals are there and all the other things are removed +OoaXalHz2Go-00061-00030081-00030489 So now that everything is selected, were gonna have to choose the quality +OoaXalHz2Go-00062-00030489-00031028 that this edit will be exported as +OoaXalHz2Go-00063-00031028-00031441 The quality selections include "Good, Better, and Best" +OoaXalHz2Go-00064-00031441-00031833 Of course, all of them are fine but the "Best" is obviously going to provide us with the better results +OoaXalHz2Go-00065-00031833-00032345 However, it's going to take the longest time +OoaXalHz2Go-00066-00032345-00032725 so lets select "Better" as it is the intermediate choice +OoaXalHz2Go-00067-00032725-00033121 and lets select of course, the entire track and click on render +OoaXalHz2Go-00068-00033121-00033709 this will take a bit for the entire operation +OoaXalHz2Go-00069-00033709-00034277 but in general, its a pretty fast operation, and just like that, RX has finished the process +OoaXalHz2Go-00070-00034277-00034545 so lets see the results! +OoaXalHz2Go-00071-00034545-00036881 *music starts playing again with only the vocals* +OoaXalHz2Go-00072-00036881-00037328 See? it has removed the vocals from the track itself +OoaXalHz2Go-00073-00037328-00037524 this is some black magic you guys +OoaXalHz2Go-00074-00037524-00038049 so like if you got a few tracks you wanna remix.. oh but you have to make sure to get permission +OoaXalHz2Go-00075-00038049-00038528 from the owner of the original song so you dont get into any legal problems +OoaXalHz2Go-00076-00038528-00038783 with the companies that produce these songs. +OoaXalHz2Go-00077-00038783-00039223 This is how the track sounds before we remove the vocals +OoaXalHz2Go-00078-00039223-00040944 *music starts playing pre-vocal removal* +OoaXalHz2Go-00079-00040944-00041276 and this is how the track sounds like after we remove the vocals +OoaXalHz2Go-00080-00041276-00042748 *music starts playing with only the vocals* +OoaXalHz2Go-00081-00042748-00043172 alright, so now that we have obtained the vocals +OoaXalHz2Go-00082-00043172-00043836 we can now send them back to Pro Tools +OoaXalHz2Go-00083-00043836-00044468 and so that we keep these changes permanently to the original track, we need to click on render +OoaXalHz2Go-00084-00044468-00044872 so now, the track is here in Pro Tools, lets listen to it +OoaXalHz2Go-00085-00044872-00046340 *music plays again with only the vocals* +OoaXalHz2Go-00086-00046340-00046996 and just like that guys, we are able to remove vocals from any track +OoaXalHz2Go-00087-00046996-00047669 of course, as i've mentioned previously, make sure you keep copyright laws in mind when working with such things +OoaXalHz2Go-00088-00047669-00047896 so that you dont get into any legal issues +OoaXalHz2Go-00089-00047896-00048364 either via Youtube or via any other website or even by the companies +OoaXalHz2Go-00090-00048364-00048864 that have produced these songs, so hopefully you guys enjoyed this video and i just wanna remind you +OoaXalHz2Go-00091-00048864-00049396 to take a look at our other social media channels if you have any questions +OoaXalHz2Go-00092-00049396-00049908 I personally had so much fun with you guys in making this video and i wish you all again, a happy Eid! +OoaXalHz2Go-00093-00049908-00050216 and i wish all your days are filled with health and happiness +OoaXalHz2Go-00094-00050216-00050409 Ill see you guys in another video if God wills! +OoaXalHz2Go-00095-00050409-00052216 *cool outro music :D (go subscribe btw)* +O1aqegSaVrY-00000-00000000-00000654 we complete our little tour of this problem where a pipe feeds a turbine with +O1aqegSaVrY-00001-00000654-00001167 water flowing between two reservoirs two tanks by trying to plot the pressure +O1aqegSaVrY-00002-00001167-00001682 distribution along the pipe and we want to do this not in a quantitative way where +O1aqegSaVrY-00003-00001682-00002153 we would have very precise values and positions of the curve but we want to do +O1aqegSaVrY-00004-00002153-00002538 this just in a qualitative way meaning we want to see the basic shape of the +O1aqegSaVrY-00005-00002538-00003096 curve but not worry too much about plotting and precisely we want to do +O1aqegSaVrY-00006-00003096-00003645 this in two steps the first step will be imagining that the turbine here is shut +O1aqegSaVrY-00007-00003645-00004101 off and there is a valve which prevents water from flowing and we will plot the +O1aqegSaVrY-00008-00004101-00004566 pressure distribution in this pipe in the static case and then will open the +O1aqegSaVrY-00009-00004566-00004973 valve and let the water flow and let the turbine extract power +O1aqegSaVrY-00010-00004973-00005487 and we'll plot the new curve that applies in this case so let's start with +O1aqegSaVrY-00011-00005487-00005873 a hydrostatic case we start at this point here at the entrance of the pipe +O1aqegSaVrY-00012-00005873-00006300 here and at this point here we are already 51 meters below the surface of +O1aqegSaVrY-00013-00006300-00006801 the water so the pressure is 5 bars more than the atmospheric pressure the +O1aqegSaVrY-00014-00006801-00007106 pressure here in the pipe will be relatively high so this is at the +O1aqegSaVrY-00015-00007106-00007565 entrance the water is not flowing and so as we go along the pipe here we just +O1aqegSaVrY-00016-00007565-00007904 swim horizontally the pressure will not change we just have a straight curve +O1aqegSaVrY-00017-00007904-00008736 here until the first bend as we now go up the pressure will drop or decrease +O1aqegSaVrY-00018-00008736-00009147 because our altitude decreases and so we see a little dump here in the pressure +O1aqegSaVrY-00019-00009147-00009625 and then we go horizontally again so that the pressure remains constant here +O1aqegSaVrY-00020-00009625-00010086 with respect to length and then now we go down so the pressure will increase +O1aqegSaVrY-00021-00010086-00010604 will increase by approximately 3 bars so the pressure will jump again here like +O1aqegSaVrY-00022-00010604-00011127 and then again we have a straight pipe here straight +O1aqegSaVrY-00023-00011127-00011631 horizontal pipe and so we have a straight line like so when we arrive at +O1aqegSaVrY-00024-00011631-00012024 the turbine on one side of the valve we have this pressure here and on the other +O1aqegSaVrY-00025-00012024-00012347 side of the valve we have only these four metres altitude so that the +O1aqegSaVrY-00026-00012347-00012853 pressure on the other side of the turbine here is very low and this +O1aqegSaVrY-00027-00012853-00013356 difference in pressure here that we have this is the hydrostatic pressure difference +O1aqegSaVrY-00028-00013356-00013755 this is the basic fundamental pressure difference that is available for the +O1aqegSaVrY-00029-00013755-00014541 turbine to run now if we now remove the valve and the water is now flowing so +O1aqegSaVrY-00030-00014541-00015210 let me perhaps label this curve here and this is here with no flow let me now +O1aqegSaVrY-00031-00015210-00015669 remove the valve let me let me erase this valve that we have here and let the +O1aqegSaVrY-00032-00015669-00016113 water flow as the water flows the pressure drop that's available to the +O1aqegSaVrY-00033-00016113-00016575 turbine will become less this is because pressure losses occur inside the pipe +O1aqegSaVrY-00034-00016575-00017004 and they'll occur at the bends but they also occur all along the length +O1aqegSaVrY-00035-00017004-00017475 as friction applies to the pipe so I draw a second curve which starts at the +O1aqegSaVrY-00036-00017475-00017985 same point because we are here again at 51 meters below the surface but now as I +O1aqegSaVrY-00037-00017985-00018225 go along the pipe my pressure will decrease +O1aqegSaVrY-00038-00018225-00018687 it will decrease progressively linearly with distance let me perhaps +O1aqegSaVrY-00039-00018687-00019143 make a better case here that doesn't match the second curve it will decrease +O1aqegSaVrY-00040-00019143-00019595 progressively and arrive maybe at this point here and we will go down again +O1aqegSaVrY-00041-00019595-00020019 inside the pipe and then at this point here instead of a horizontal line I +O1aqegSaVrY-00042-00020019-00020625 again have a line that's parallel like so and then I jump up by the same amount +O1aqegSaVrY-00043-00020625-00021243 here so I jump up by the same amount let me try to have this height being +O1aqegSaVrY-00044-00021243-00021966 approximately the same like so and then again here I decrease the pressure along +O1aqegSaVrY-00045-00021966-00022563 the length the slope of these three segments here should be the same and I +O1aqegSaVrY-00046-00022563-00023334 arrive here at lower pressure so that now the Delta P that I have available to +O1aqegSaVrY-00047-00023334-00023964 the turbine this is here this is Delta P turbine it is less than before and this +O1aqegSaVrY-00048-00023964-00024479 Delta P that I have here this here this is the Delta P due to the friction +O1aqegSaVrY-00049-00024479-00025263 losses plus the Delta P due to the bends over here note that I greatly +O1aqegSaVrY-00050-00025263-00025757 exaggerated the losses here you remember maybe from the previous calculations we +O1aqegSaVrY-00051-00025757-00026189 had here the total Delta available the hydrostatic pressure +O1aqegSaVrY-00052-00026189-00026583 difference was about seven bars and we lost about +O1aqegSaVrY-00053-00026583-00027105 one bar of pressure due to friction over here so +O1aqegSaVrY-00054-00027105-00027512 this Delta should be much smaller I exaggerated the trend here so it becomes +O1aqegSaVrY-00055-00027512-00028445 much more visible so this would be here the pressure drop here with flow the +O1aqegSaVrY-00056-00028445-00028919 pressure distribution with flow and this is how you plot the pressure +O1aqegSaVrY-00057-00028919-00029570 distribution in a quantitative way inside a given pipe where a water flow +O1aqegSaVrY-00058-00029570-00029994 is happening and the pressure drops, across the two sides of the turbine to +O1aqegSaVrY-00059-00029994-00030250 extract power. +O6i5Pj79cOy-00000-00001781-00002050 I ran into Andreas at the grocer's today. +O6i5Pj79cOy-00001-00002128-00002270 - What are they doing here? - They are moving into my basement. +O6i5Pj79cOy-00002-00002317-00002531 Just for a while and then it's out. +O6i5Pj79cOy-00003-00002591-00002823 What does he do for a living... +O6i5Pj79cOy-00004-00003109-00003344 You rent the flat, not the garden! +O6i5Pj79cOy-00005-00003530-00003671 What can I say? +O6i5Pj79cOy-00006-00004476-00004653 Look at the little buggers. +O6i5Pj79cOy-00007-00005058-00005302 May we put this in your garage for now? +O6i5Pj79cOy-00008-00005417-00005577 - Out of the question. +O6i5Pj79cOy-00009-00005834-00005950 What the hell! +O6i5Pj79cOy-00010-00006498-00006599 Hey! +O6i5Pj79cOy-00011-00006708-00006939 What's with him? Did I miss something? +O6i5Pj79cOy-00012-00006995-00007241 Don't just sit at home all the time. +O6i5Pj79cOy-00013-00007823-00007895 Wait! +O6i5Pj79cOy-00014-00008005-00008197 Mum said to give you this. +O6i5Pj79cOy-00015-00008261-00008446 I wanted to check on the rhubarb +O6i5Pj79cOy-00016-00008506-00008951 I don't need any help, and I don't need an audience. Get lost. +O6i5Pj79cOy-00017-00009458-00009577 Dammit! +O6i5Pj79cOy-00018-00009662-00009776 - Oh, it's you. +O6i5Pj79cOy-00019-00009836-00010067 - Hello. You're Johan, aren't you? +O6i5Pj79cOy-00020-00010187-00010323 - Are you scared of diving? +O6i5Pj79cOy-00021-00010354-00010429 - No. +O6i5Pj79cOy-00022-00010531-00010839 The most important thing is that you face your fear. +O6i5Pj79cOy-00023-00010865-00011022 - What are you doing in here? +O6i5Pj79cOy-00024-00011047-00011184 And just go for it. +O6i5Pj79cOy-00025-00011198-00011385 Eventually, you'll be diving like a champion. +O6i5Pj79cOy-00026-00011415-00011526 - Fuck! +O6i5Pj79cOy-00027-00011818-00012233 DIVE +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00000-00001018-00001460 The cold is a absolute doorway to the soul. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00001-00001566-00001902 There's so much unnecessary suffering in the world. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00002-00001938-00002270 We take pills, kill the symptoms, but not the cause. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00003-00002331-00002691 And apparently we cannot become happy, strong, and healthy? +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00004-00002691-00002875 Hey, I know the way. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00005-00003976-00004268 Cold is merciless, righteous. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00006-00004269-00004578 It brings you direct into depth of yourself. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00007-00004578-00004821 You're not thinking. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00008-00004821-00004974 Your emotions stop. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00009-00004974-00005198 You are just surviving. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00010-00005299-00005783 And it brings you into purity of the physiology, as well as the soul. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00011-00005784-00006172 And you get in a different plane than our conditioning. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00012-00006263-00006479 And that makes you a free man. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00013-00006736-00007188 What's special about Wim is that he kind of has this mind over body control +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00014-00007192-00007364 that's pretty phenomenal. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00015-00007431-00007823 When he is exposed to the cold his body just physically reacts differently +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00016-00007823-00008000 from a lot of other people. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00017-00008216-00008669 Right now I'm holding twenty-six Guinness World Records. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00018-00008669-00008929 And all related to extreme cold. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00019-00009036-00009612 My records range from staying in the ice for one hour fifty three minutes +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00020-00009660-00010068 in direct contact with the ice, running the fastest half marathon barefoot, +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00021-00010120-00010404 climbing Kilimanjaro a record time in shorts, +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00022-00010416-00010788 swimming underneath the ice for longest distance. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00023-00011020-00011280 Wim is a very special person. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00024-00011280-00011476 He has an aura to him +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00025-00011484-00011652 that is a very positive energy. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00026-00011672-00012216 But you can see when he begins to breathe, he has an ability to focus his mind and body +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00027-00012216-00012572 together in a higher function than most can do. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00028-00012638-00012819 I created a method. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00029-00012819-00013494 The components are breathing, mindset, and cold exposure. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00030-00013494-00013872 Gradual, non-forced cold exposure. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00031-00013872-00014249 And that's to optimize the mind body connection. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00032-00014384-00014524 Wim has figured out ways, +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00033-00014524-00014656 namely through breath work +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00034-00014656-00014808 and through exposure to cold, +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00035-00014856-00015028 to take conscious control +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00036-00015028-00015208 over aspects of his physiology +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00037-00015208-00015619 that, for most people, they simply can't tune into and control. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00038-00016172-00016744 The cold, my warm friend, it brings about a whole lot of more energy. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00039-00016744-00017264 And that, together with breathing, makes you so powerful. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00040-00017264-00017584 But then you lose your wife and... +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00041-00017658-00017914 it all rumbles down. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00042-00018018-00018341 Four children I had with my wife. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00043-00018341-00018649 And I was to be with her forever. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00044-00018748-00018940 She was the love of my life. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00045-00018942-00019113 She died. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00046-00019113-00019253 She suicided. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00047-00019420-00019660 It's a black hole within yourself. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00048-00019749-00019849 It breaks your heart. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00049-00019849-00020025 And you don't know why. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00050-00020025-00020477 But the train of daily life is going on and you have to catch up, +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00051-00020477-00020645 otherwise you'll lose it. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00052-00020707-00020883 So I had to be there for my children. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00053-00020883-00021187 And, yes, we created a new nest. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00054-00021279-00021642 My children made me survive in that time. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00055-00021642-00021922 But nature healed my wounds. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00056-00022156-00022604 The cold gave me a direct understanding of deeper breathing +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00057-00022664-00022924 and how to heal a broken heart. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00058-00022932-00023272 Then I went and did all kinds of remarkable challenges. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00059-00023293-00023841 Apparently, they found it very remarkable and great and spectacular. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00060-00023841-00024126 So I came in contact with television, one after the other. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00061-00024126-00024405 They challenge me more, more, more, more, more. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00062-00024405-00024683 "Hey, go swim fifty meters under the ice." +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00063-00024683-00024929 "Go and swim hundred meters under the ice." +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00064-00024929-00025148 "Climb Mount Everest in shorts." +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00065-00025148-00025613 That led up... the scientists became curious. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00066-00025613-00026101 Hey, what this man is doing is not possible, physiologically. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00067-00026350-00026816 The science of what Wim Hoff method does is one of the primary interests of my lab now +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00068-00026816-00027174 because it is so powerful and it's been shown to be powerful in the immune system. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00069-00027174-00027744 We believe it will also hold some real potential for treatment of neurological diseases. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00070-00027744-00028280 And this breathing technique brings you right into the deepest part of our physiology. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00071-00028280-00028405 Anybody can do it. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00072-00028405-00028808 So you become the alchemist of your own chemistry. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00073-00028960-00029060 Let's do this. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00074-00029060-00029280 Just breathe in +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00075-00029424-00029556 and let it go. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00076-00029572-00029768 Fully in... +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00077-00029768-00029963 We become alkaline. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00078-00030004-00030412 More oxygen is getting toward all cells. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00079-00030527-00031030 Then the alkalinity makes the chemistry right in our body. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00080-00031108-00031432 Then we are able to take a last inhale... +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00081-00031492-00031820 ...after 30, 35 of these breaths. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00082-00032014-00032114 Deeply in. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00083-00032220-00032304 Letting go. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00084-00032304-00032372 And you stop. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00085-00033272-00033647 The Wim Hoff method is neither distressed nor eustressed, really. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00086-00033647-00034177 It's somewhere right in between where, I believe, adrenaline is high and cortisol is low. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00087-00034177-00034573 Which gives the person who's doing the method this incredible feeling of well-being +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00088-00034573-00034911 and control over their own physiology and mental state. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00089-00034913-00035146 Why I teach this method? +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00090-00035146-00035618 To show that with a simple method, out of nature, +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00091-00035618-00036058 we are able to tackle the greatest problems, +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00092-00036088-00036496 which is depression, fear, anxiety, and pain. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00093-00036500-00036716 People with chronic pain. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00094-00036716-00037058 That's all unnecessary suffering going on. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00095-00037058-00037512 And all these industries keeping on and say, "Yeah, that's normal." +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00096-00037512-00037669 And I think that's sick. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00097-00037669-00038145 If it turns out that non-ingestible approaches, such as breath work or cold exposure, +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00098-00038172-00038816 can approach some of the potency that medications can provide or have failed to provide. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00099-00038864-00039240 Then it's quite possible that one can heal from the inside. +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00100-00039438-00039538 Guess what? +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00101-00039538-00040058 We found the proof to tap into our body and mind, enabling us +O6AmUAe3Zqk-00102-00040058-00040318 to become happy, strong, and healthy. +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00000-00001685-00002250 hey guys Merry Christmas we are here in the Superstition +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00001-00002250-00002744 Mountains at the trailhead of the hieroglyphic trail it's a moderate hike +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00002-00002744-00003117 in the Superstition Mountains here in Arizona and we are going to walk you +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00003-00003117-00003435 through this beautiful hike today I'm getting over back injury like I said so +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00004-00003435-00004242 this is my back to the calls so according to all trails this is a 2.8 +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00005-00004242-00005198 mile hike it's kind of flat all the way here maybe only 500 feet elevation gain +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00006-00005198-00005982 so this is supposed to be nice it was raining yesterday and today we're +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00007-00005982-00006603 probably expecting some rain here and for that we do have our rain jacket and +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00008-00006603-00007002 we are all geared up yeah we're gonna have a lot of fun today section of the +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00009-00007002-00007643 trail has two forks the first one takes you to the lost gold mine trail and then +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00010-00007643-00008547 the second one takes you to and this is where we are headed +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00011-00008547-00009690 very scared why petrified like those the weather is very beautiful and look at +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00012-00009690-00010343 all the toys here and then the sky very pretty +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00013-00010945-00011600 this is usually a very busy hike or very busy trail but today since it's +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00014-00011600-00012230 Christmas Day and it's been raining for the last few days it's a little bit busy +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00015-00012230-00012940 I mean we're still meeting people on the trail it's kids friendly that's friendly +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00016-00014166-00015182 and here we come to this fancy gate it's built by the ancient peoples not sure +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00017-00015182-00016538 not sure did Carcosa it's amazing how I read somewhere that +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00018-00016538-00017279 birds will build nests in empty holes like this but a little bit further up so +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00019-00017279-00018212 that they are safer from predators okay this is a beautiful trail really right +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00020-00018212-00018758 now it is yeah especially today because it's quiet the rain and then the clouds +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00021-00018758-00019103 a little bit of a sunshine coming from there +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00022-00019103-00019717 see what happens when the Sun Goes Down when the Sun Goes Down +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00023-00023852-00024207 Wow this sunset is really beautiful today +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00024-00024207-00025901 and according to Alex we are a little bit over halfway under okay cool a +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00025-00025901-00028797 little bit of a scramble here the viewers and when we read a little bit +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00026-00028797-00029391 above the trail it's indicated that there are a few pools over there that +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00027-00029391-00030054 are feeding from the waterfall and yes so we can see the pool that's a good +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00028-00030054-00030780 indicator look up what makes them petroglyphs so think about organic +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00029-00030780-00032045 material turned into rocks or maybe like the rocks have some trees yeah so you +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00030-00032045-00032447 can get a better view of the pool here +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00031-00033043-00034315 supposed to be up there oh very nice yeah very cool I really can't help but +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00032-00034315-00034597 notice but there are a lot of times when we were hiking in the superstitions +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00033-00034597-00034943 where I see like rocks that are like shaped like dudes or little like +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00034-00034943-00035615 pictures of people so these petroglyphs seem to indicate the just the existence +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00035-00035615-00036100 of this particular area as a hangout spot I would say I don't know it seems +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00036-00036100-00036371 like it's got water and other things that could have some other meaning to +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00037-00036371-00037030 the Hohokam like you said they seem to have vanished around 1200 CE II +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00038-00037030-00037756 presuming Cee is reasonably akin to AD that being said though how come the +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00039-00037756-00038087 people who vanished and then here's where they work so we can see little +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00040-00038087-00038783 pictures that looks like robots to me anymore some animals know we're gonna +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00041-00038783-00039190 walk a little bit further there and probably use our headlamps to kind of +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00042-00039190-00039662 show you what it looks like all right so I'm using my headlamp here to shine some +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00043-00039662-00040349 light since it's getting dark and you can see some drawings of animals the +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00044-00040349-00041059 Hohokam were also famous by their well engineered irrigation systems here in +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00045-00041059-00041865 the in the Arizona and these are you think do you think these are gonna be +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00046-00041865-00042550 I'm not very sure what do you guys think what is this drawing here what did what +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00047-00042550-00043358 does it represent to you and I think from what I read they also lived on corn +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00048-00043358-00044105 and farming mainly a little bit of hunting yeah I honestly never heard +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00049-00044105-00044734 about the Hohokam Indians that was a cool little Historic Trail +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00050-00044734-00045500 yeah nice hike too which is nice can you guys see my screen here so this +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00051-00045500-00046232 is what we're looking at there's a little doodad I'm saying what it looks +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00052-00046232-00047015 like something from a videogame I think it's from Dark Souls where you have to +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00053-00047015-00047579 go fight Manus so that would be Dark Souls one anyway ready but it's that's +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00054-00047579-00047918 what we're looking at now check this out so look at the back of my phone look at +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00055-00047918-00048919 my phone so I got this night mode thing ready so what's gonna do this picture +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00056-00049030-00049754 hold still hold still hold still Alex's new Google phone google pixel four so +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00057-00049754-00050015 what's gonna do here is it's gonna process the image and if I press right +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00058-00050015-00050510 here it'll show me what it thinks the image looks like it's quite accurate it +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00059-00050510-00051629 is I was really impressed actually with some techniques to show my face here in +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00060-00051629-00052157 the video but we are going to head back and the same way we came in +O7xpTNsKCJ8-00061-00052157-00052772 it's free dark so we're not gonna be able to show more with that +O906ZMBA_gM-00000-00000045-00000096 [Music] +O906ZMBA_gM-00001-00000096-00001554 thank you so thank you dear all good morning thank you for having me here at +O906ZMBA_gM-00002-00001554-00002208 this year's EU open source policy Summit and many congratulations to entire open +O906ZMBA_gM-00003-00002310-00003162 Forum Europe team for successfully growing because this event was very beginning a fairly small +O906ZMBA_gM-00004-00003162-00003984 gathering and right now it's one of the biggest open source policy Summits in Europe I've been +O906ZMBA_gM-00005-00003984-00004626 personally always convinced of the importance of openness principles that's maybe one of the +O906ZMBA_gM-00006-00004626-00005670 reasons why I 14 years ago was actually co-founder of a Czech pirate party because we always believed +O906ZMBA_gM-00007-00005670-00006540 that the openness and cooperation is a main Vector in order to succeed to put things working +O906ZMBA_gM-00008-00006540-00007290 and there are ways to build better services for our citizen with the goal to improve their user +O906ZMBA_gM-00009-00007290-00007973 experience conceptually increase citizen trust and satisfaction satisfaction with the government and +O906ZMBA_gM-00010-00007973-00008688 again common approach that are collaborative that it's open that is trustworthy is one of +O906ZMBA_gM-00011-00008688-00009180 the important things and it shows to us it's getting more and more important in these days +O906ZMBA_gM-00012-00009282-00009978 over the past year as challenging as it was we've been reminded of the importance of unity +O906ZMBA_gM-00013-00009978-00010662 and cooperation within Europe and of course not only this whole but the people who are looking at +O906ZMBA_gM-00014-00010662-00011628 us online shows us how that unity and cooperation is understood by us and uh those are not only the +O906ZMBA_gM-00015-00011628-00012450 principles of evolution but they are crucial for our security and to ensure it and we also +O906ZMBA_gM-00016-00012450-00013044 need them fully uh to reap the benefits of the open source software as a tool for modernization +O906ZMBA_gM-00017-00013044-00013841 sovereignty and economic development today I would like to share with you three things I +O906ZMBA_gM-00018-00013841-00014424 will start by giving you an idea of what is a state of play of an open source in a Czech +O906ZMBA_gM-00019-00014424-00015138 Republic and share some highlights of our work over the past year since I'm also representing +O906ZMBA_gM-00020-00015138-00015816 here Czech Republic It's government and I believe in part of my pirate heart also the open source +O906ZMBA_gM-00021-00015816-00016476 Community the second thing I'd like to depict is talk about the key challenges and priorities +O906ZMBA_gM-00022-00016476-00017268 in the open source that are ahead of us on the national level and lastly I'm going to share with +O906ZMBA_gM-00023-00017268-00018042 you my perspective on what work well and where we need to improve further on the European level +O906ZMBA_gM-00024-00018102-00019008 so let's start with the first thing and I remember that the Czech Republic uh might not seem like the +O906ZMBA_gM-00025-00019008-00019734 usual suspect when we when we talk about the open source software and initiative and indeed +O906ZMBA_gM-00026-00019734-00020514 open source policy did not always have a strong political support within the Czech Republic and +O906ZMBA_gM-00027-00020514-00021246 its government however uh did not stop the local community including Academia private sector and +O906ZMBA_gM-00028-00021246-00021864 Civil Society organization to keep pushing developing talent and creating a strong hub +O906ZMBA_gM-00029-00021864-00022692 for open source in a Czech Republic and it's my personal goal to actually uplift that also to the +O906ZMBA_gM-00030-00022692-00023466 state in a governmental level I have to mention the city of Bruno which is the second largest city +O906ZMBA_gM-00031-00023466-00024144 in a Czech Republic as a prime example of such cooperation on the municipality level and the the +O906ZMBA_gM-00032-00024144-00024834 community and also Red Hat another organization and berno is a center of many open source open +O906ZMBA_gM-00033-00024834-00025452 software Source initiatives including the strong presence of redhead I've already mentioned and its +O906ZMBA_gM-00034-00025452-00025992 cooperation within the local University ecosystem and I'm glad that since we joined the government +O906ZMBA_gM-00035-00025992-00026712 which is already geez 13 months ago we have an opportunity to strengthen the support for this +O906ZMBA_gM-00036-00026712-00027432 work also on the highest political level we now have a chance to create consensus on a broader +O906ZMBA_gM-00037-00027432-00028127 and sustained support in the future regardless of potential changes in a political leadership and +O906ZMBA_gM-00038-00028277-00028908 sustainable change is important not only in the area of Open Source policy but more broadly to +O906ZMBA_gM-00039-00028908-00029526 the priority of digitalization of a public services and that is why over the past year +O906ZMBA_gM-00040-00029526-00030504 my team and and I have been working and day and night is to say but just walking improving the way +O906ZMBA_gM-00041-00030504-00031326 the digitalization is managed in the Czech public sector uh and again I'm getting back to Bernardo +O906ZMBA_gM-00042-00031326-00031866 there was a big Conference of the community and even within you I'm seeing a lot of people who +O906ZMBA_gM-00043-00031866-00032292 are who are presently from that community of the Open Cities and others maybe I'll talk about it +O906ZMBA_gM-00044-00032292-00033312 later uh maybe one thing since January 2023 we establish a digital and information agency in +O906ZMBA_gM-00045-00033312-00033852 the Czech Republic with the goal of bringing more coordination and stronger expertise and +O906ZMBA_gM-00046-00033852-00034674 sustainable uh on long-lasting changes which of course an open source principle is bringing +O906ZMBA_gM-00047-00034674-00035256 you up to the solution of the public and private sector together would be one of the vectors the +O906ZMBA_gM-00048-00035256-00035856 agency would push through because it's not the question of a specific Ministry it's a national +O906ZMBA_gM-00049-00035856-00036576 wide importance and usage that we are talking about additionally over the past year and I +O906ZMBA_gM-00050-00036576-00037182 was already mentioning that during the presidency of the Council of EU there were several important +O906ZMBA_gM-00051-00037182-00037842 Milestones also taking place we hosted that open source conference in berno together with +O906ZMBA_gM-00052-00037842-00038460 our partners who also published Bernal open source declaration this declaration late path +O906ZMBA_gM-00053-00038460-00039162 of the creation of the Czech National open source program office under the leadership of Open Cities +O906ZMBA_gM-00054-00039162-00039798 NGO which is a long-term supported organization that are gathering the biggest cities to implement +O906ZMBA_gM-00055-00039798-00040476 and use open source on the field publish open data and allow the community to actually build +O906ZMBA_gM-00056-00040476-00041274 things above them getting directly involved in the lifetime of the city and its citizens we +O906ZMBA_gM-00057-00041274-00041820 also strengthen cooperation between the ministry of interior energy National cyber and information +O906ZMBA_gM-00058-00041820-00042456 security agency focused on the security aspects of the open source software and let me take this +O906ZMBA_gM-00059-00042456-00043056 opportunity to thanks to colleagues from the Czech Republic as I said and some of them but I can't +O906ZMBA_gM-00060-00043056-00043638 see through the fog that is here are sitting star sitting somewhere somewhere here in the +O906ZMBA_gM-00061-00043638-00044142 audience thank you guys for pushing this policy in a Czech Republic forward and I hope more and +O906ZMBA_gM-00062-00044142-00044886 more cities and institutions will join you since you are taking a lead in The implementation of +O906ZMBA_gM-00063-00044886-00045576 of entire of entire Buckle of the principles and putting it to the ground maybe the second thing +O906ZMBA_gM-00064-00045576-00046152 what we have to work on right now what's lie ahead of us we had a lot of work in front of +O906ZMBA_gM-00065-00046152-00046800 us including fired work on legislation procurement policies that would encourage rather than prevents +O906ZMBA_gM-00066-00046800-00047442 to use an open source software it's not only the length of the procure and services but also we +O906ZMBA_gM-00067-00047442-00048072 need to think open you know not to vendor lock it through the proposals to the business requirements +O906ZMBA_gM-00068-00048072-00048594 of course and maybe sometimes in the future when the community will be strong enough and +O906ZMBA_gM-00069-00048594-00049128 the gov stock and all the projects will be up and running the public procurement that in many cases +O906ZMBA_gM-00070-00049128-00049662 really slow down the digital transformation would be very specific parts of the services +O906ZMBA_gM-00071-00049662-00050400 maybe some minor not over importance maybe not only of the size but basically the common common +O906ZMBA_gM-00072-00050400-00051108 solution would be able to anyone who gonna need it in that part which would open the industry +O906ZMBA_gM-00073-00051108-00051972 options to focus on more challenging future path of AI cloud computing Advanced Quantum +O906ZMBA_gM-00074-00051972-00052590 Etc rather than developing already Legacy solutions to the things that government did for +O906ZMBA_gM-00075-00052590-00053220 tens of the years and still doesn't have a proper solution that it's modular that can be carried on +O906ZMBA_gM-00076-00053220-00053766 by whoever understood the open source software principles so so this is important for public +O906ZMBA_gM-00077-00053766-00054624 procurement and its adjustment toward open source principle it will also be an important part for +O906ZMBA_gM-00078-00054624-00055320 us in Czech Republic as I said that to cooperate with open source community Through the digital +O906ZMBA_gM-00079-00055320-00055932 and information agency again because it's not the question of a Ministry of a regional development +O906ZMBA_gM-00080-00055932-00056646 I'm also in a health or other Ministry of interior those principles are common they are umbrella to +O906ZMBA_gM-00081-00056646-00057246 all what we do in the in the digitalization of the e-government and other public services and +O906ZMBA_gM-00082-00057246-00057726 last but not least is crucial for us to Upstate China things I was already talking to people from +O906ZMBA_gM-00083-00057726-00058524 Red Hat year 2023 is year of skills right and all of you here you've got I believe decent or +O906ZMBA_gM-00084-00058584-00059154 excellent excellent digital score some of us are just speakers right I didn't write a code for at +O906ZMBA_gM-00085-00059154-00059796 least 10 years so I'm probably currently doesn't even know what I'm talking about uh no I still +O906ZMBA_gM-00086-00059796-00060372 probably can write a code and do the Enterprise architecture but uh we are developing things when +O906ZMBA_gM-00087-00060372-00060990 we need to go further but we also need people be able to operate them to understand them in +O906ZMBA_gM-00088-00060990-00061626 order to fight this information and misusage of a technology against people we need to build +O906ZMBA_gM-00089-00061626-00062190 technology that people believe and you only believe and trust the thing that you at least +O906ZMBA_gM-00090-00062190-00062838 understand somehow so please anyone who can put a hand together this upcoming year and maybe next +O906ZMBA_gM-00091-00062838-00063546 five years the digital up skills of entire Society with the basic skills filling the gaps because we +O906ZMBA_gM-00092-00063546-00064217 do face digital poverty but we need people to be able to survive in the 21st century and all this +O906ZMBA_gM-00093-00064217-00064872 resilience you know whatever Unity strength of the society is that we understand what's going +O906ZMBA_gM-00094-00064872-00065556 on around and since more more things are going around our digital base our online IR social +O906ZMBA_gM-00095-00065556-00066162 media we have to focus on that and contribute and I believe the open source Community as it +O906ZMBA_gM-00096-00066162-00066672 helped with the solutions putting on the ground the software development you know architecture +O906ZMBA_gM-00097-00066672-00067398 proposals and and many things Also regarding to the war in Ukraine the education of the +O906ZMBA_gM-00098-00067398-00068094 community academic Academy programs of the of the red hat and the others it's very important because +O906ZMBA_gM-00099-00068094-00068694 we need this massive upskill and it couldn't be done by the local ngos who can help on the place +O906ZMBA_gM-00100-00068694-00069570 with the Elder people do courses for the woman because we do have a significant depth because +O906ZMBA_gM-00101-00069570-00070434 only 20 percent of the of the ICT people involved are female and Czech Republic it's only nine so +O906ZMBA_gM-00102-00070434-00071268 we are missing a specialist in many areas but also this this balance of a gender is quite a bad thing +O906ZMBA_gM-00103-00071268-00071934 and uh last thing that was mentioned on the Telco conference when we were finalizing our presidency +O906ZMBA_gM-00104-00071934-00072564 by the commissioner and by my final speech was that part get the get it balanced you know and +O906ZMBA_gM-00105-00072564-00073230 focus on that the digital is not whatever gender specific area and again an open source Community +O906ZMBA_gM-00106-00073230-00074034 can help us with that on the European layer there has been an amount of legislative work done it +O906ZMBA_gM-00107-00074034-00074682 was mentioned here uh by uh by the initial in the initial speech and I would like to use the +O906ZMBA_gM-00108-00074682-00075168 opportunity also too thanks to colleague from the European commission and particularly from +O906ZMBA_gM-00109-00075168-00075888 DG digit for the work they've done and for the cooperation that we do have on this specific +O906ZMBA_gM-00110-00075888-00076584 field and I believe also that in the future and we started with that and I was talking to +O906ZMBA_gM-00111-00076584-00077208 members of the European Parliament we have to go for the systematic support on the European level +O906ZMBA_gM-00112-00077208-00077940 of the open source uh and it's necessary and the benefit of all the mistakes stakeholders because +O906ZMBA_gM-00113-00077940-00078786 EU as this needs to push that forward as well especially when we talk about the future of let's +O906ZMBA_gM-00114-00078786-00079506 say some common digital solution interoperability of a European institutions I believe that open +O906ZMBA_gM-00115-00079506-00080394 source would play an important role or one of my key priorities go on both National National level +O906ZMBA_gM-00116-00080394-00081054 but also European level during the presidency was the revision of Adas regulations I believe +O906ZMBA_gM-00117-00081054-00081768 that there's a covet path or green certificate was mentioned here this is going to be one of +O906ZMBA_gM-00118-00081768-00082476 the biggest challenges to have a European digital identity wallet that would be secure that would +O906ZMBA_gM-00119-00082476-00083262 have all the features to protecting the citizen data would be a cyber secure friendly whatever but +O906ZMBA_gM-00120-00083262-00084132 enough open also it could be used for whatever future future purposes and uh there is a huge +O906ZMBA_gM-00121-00084132-00084996 potential of its usage not only within the e-gov and a state-to-state communication but to entire +O906ZMBA_gM-00122-00084996-00085662 internet population which is if I take a look how many households are collected in the Czech +O906ZMBA_gM-00123-00085662-00086220 Republic it's basically almost everyone except those people who are excluded which is one part +O906ZMBA_gM-00124-00086220-00086850 we have to work together more of a technology and a Telco companies so I'm proud to check +O906ZMBA_gM-00125-00086850-00087666 presidency brought us this General approach and also it included the strong endorsement of an open +O906ZMBA_gM-00126-00087666-00088446 source solution however our work doesn't end here and after those 13 months in a politics and in +O906ZMBA_gM-00127-00088446-00089034 the government this was the my final agreement the work will never end and it will never be +O906ZMBA_gM-00128-00089034-00089826 better of having more life life work balance so we speed it up on a national level Europe due +O906ZMBA_gM-00129-00089826-00090594 to the resolving issues of the Ukrainian War as well the momentum of a cooperation is the +O906ZMBA_gM-00130-00090594-00091440 is enormous over of what we can do together how we can easily push our national or our national +O906ZMBA_gM-00131-00091440-00092424 companies uh wishes aside and cooperate that's why we finalized so many important files push them +O906ZMBA_gM-00132-00092424-00093300 towards towards European Parliament and please all of you use that momentum uh we've all lose it the +O906ZMBA_gM-00133-00093300-00093948 war is not over we've got still a lot of work to do regarding to secure physically but also +O906ZMBA_gM-00134-00093948-00094638 online the the environment within the Europe but it was unique and things maybe people are watching +O906ZMBA_gM-00135-00094638-00095370 to all of my colleagues from different governments because the atmosphere even on the lower level was +O906ZMBA_gM-00136-00095490-00096138 unbelievably open towards finding the common solution that everybody would agree to that +O906ZMBA_gM-00137-00096138-00096786 and would be carry on further towards our citizen in either future legislation within the countries +O906ZMBA_gM-00138-00096786-00097368 but also to the real implementation many important people from European Commission +O906ZMBA_gM-00139-00097452-00098226 and from whatever areas said You know guys we talked a lot about the things let's move more +O906ZMBA_gM-00140-00098226-00099054 to the action right let's deploy let's Implement you know uh and uh it's done both way we need a +O906ZMBA_gM-00141-00099054-00099654 framework we need a legislation but we also need the hands on the ground or on the keyboard and +O906ZMBA_gM-00142-00099654-00100206 that's again one of the biggest strength of a community that we we include a lot of people who +O906ZMBA_gM-00143-00100206-00100908 are actually writing the code you know doing the solution doing the Enterprise architecture and we +O906ZMBA_gM-00144-00100908-00101550 just have to join in the common force and speed up maybe one last thing for me as an I.T person +O906ZMBA_gM-00145-00101616-00102186 which somehow as I said put aside for last 10 years and a politician the community was +O906ZMBA_gM-00146-00102186-00102942 always the key and all the milestones and visions that politicians or legislation +O906ZMBA_gM-00147-00102942-00103680 makers or negotiators or a lobbyists which is nothing bad on lobbying for a specific purpose +O906ZMBA_gM-00148-00103680-00104328 one is balanced and it's legal it cannot be done it cannot be done without the community +O906ZMBA_gM-00149-00104328-00104958 with the with the global support and uh that's again why I would like to thanks to organizers +O906ZMBA_gM-00150-00104958-00105540 of this Summit that bring us together today and I would also like to share my commitment +O906ZMBA_gM-00151-00105540-00106074 that the Czech Republic will work towards not only participating in for the building +O906ZMBA_gM-00152-00106074-00106776 and strengthening the open source Community please enjoy the rest of the summit and force +O906ZMBA_gM-00153-00106776-00107280 them with its Unforgettable atmosphere this weekend and thank you and maybe +O906ZMBA_gM-00154-00107280-00107928 excuse me I was a little bit long so the next speaker probably need to speed up [Applause] +OssL6v6-rju-00000-00000151-00000334 Hello Total War: Warhammer fans. +OssL6v6-rju-00001-00000336-00000689 The moment you have been waiting for has almost arrived. +OssL6v6-rju-00002-00000691-00000859 Join us for the world premier +OssL6v6-rju-00003-00000861-00001179 of some brand new Total War: Warhammer 3 battle gameplay +OssL6v6-rju-00004-00001182-00001396 and a new cinematic trailer. +OssL6v6-rju-00005-00001399-00001541 Get ready to conquer your demons +OssL6v6-rju-00006-00001543-00001807 as we invade the Realms of Chaos! +OssL6v6-rju-00007-00001810-00001994 We can't wait to see you there. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00000-00000483-00000699 What is sustainability? +Oszgv5m2vKI-00001-00000700-00001180 In natural terms it's the ability of a system to maintain its own viability +Oszgv5m2vKI-00002-00001180-00002016 or endure without giving way, or to use resources so they're not depleted or permanently damaged. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00003-00002016-00002326 Up until the mid 1980s, sustainability +Oszgv5m2vKI-00004-00002326-00002906 wasn't thought, really, outside the context of an ecosystem. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00005-00002906-00003533 But that began to change, slowly unfortunately, and the United Nations provided a new context +Oszgv5m2vKI-00006-00003533-00004126 for the term "sustainability" that of dealing with human existence. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00007-00004126-00005133 In fact, it wasn't really until the 1980s that people began thinking of humanity and the planet in terms of an expiration date. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00008-00005133-00005476 When businesses emphasize sustainability, +Oszgv5m2vKI-00009-00005476-00006366 old school thinking of the bottom line gives way to new school thinking about the triple bottom line. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00010-00006366-00007209 The triple bottom line focuses on profits for sure but also in terms of its impact on people and the planet. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00011-00007209-00007933 Long-term success will only happen when all three areas are considered when making business decisions. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00012-00007933-00008693 The industrial revolution really began the cycle of manufacturing with little regard to anything but the bottom line. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00013-00008693-00009213 At the time who could blame them? The air was clean, water was pure and plentiful. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00014-00009213-00009556 Land, timber, minerals and other natural resources were +Oszgv5m2vKI-00015-00009556-00010136 so abundant that sustainable business environments seemed unnecessary. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00016-00010136-00010826 Since the end of World War II the U.S. economy has been focused heavily on consumerism, convenience and disposability. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00017-00010826-00011506 Food became "fast." Buying a house, car, or other creature comforts became "entitlements." +Oszgv5m2vKI-00018-00011506-00011963 And before we're too critical of this generation, the "greatest" generation, +Oszgv5m2vKI-00019-00011963-00012453 let's not forgive that the end of World War II also ended the Great Depression. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00020-00012453-00012706 Overindulgence might be expected from those +Oszgv5m2vKI-00021-00012706-00013026 who lived through those times. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00022-00013026-00013439 In the past 30 years, and especially the past 10 years +Oszgv5m2vKI-00023-00013440-00014160 there's been a big movement towards sustainable business models. Many businesses have stopped of fighting +Oszgv5m2vKI-00024-00014160-00014883 pressures to be more environmentally-friendly and now working to embrace it. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00025-00014883-00015576 But why? What or who caused the change? Well. . you did! Or your generation at least. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00026-00015576-00016373 Millennials are the largest most diverse population the U.S. Millennials value community, family, and creativity in their work. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00027-00016373-00017033 Millennials are better educated than prior generations. Millennials are more health conscious. More brand loyal. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00028-00017033-00017719 Millennials are also concerned about the environment and they expect more from...well...everyone knew everything +Oszgv5m2vKI-00029-00017720-00018686 So your generation, both as consumers and employees, are driving the change towards sustainability. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00030-00018686-00019253 The traditional linear economy of take, make and dispose +Oszgv5m2vKI-00031-00019253-00019909 is giving way to a circular economy of make, use, and return. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00032-00019910-00020520 Finally, sustainability has caused businesses to do a Lifecycle Assessment where +Oszgv5m2vKI-00033-00020520-00021090 the triple bottomline is reviewed at each phase of the product lifecycle. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00034-00021090-00021823 This is known as cradle-to-grave approach but the overall goal is cradle-to-cradle. +Oszgv5m2vKI-00035-00021823-00022389 and that concludes this introduction to sustainability. +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00000-00000567-00001180 Prince Harry joked with a Royal Marine planning to row solo across the Atlantic +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00001-00001297-00002078 Amputee Lee Spencer is preparing for a record breaking 3,500 mile challenge +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00002-00002195-00002935 Former soldier survived three tours of Afghanistan before losing a leg in 2014 +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00003-00003052-00003713 On the solo feat, Harry quipped: 'At least you won't have to make conversation.' +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00004-00003829-00004890 Prince Harry shared a joke with a heroic amputee Royal Marine, ahead of the ex-serviceman's record breaking attempt to row solo across the Atlantic +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00005-00005007-00006423 Lee Spencer, who survived 24 years as a Marine and three tours of Afghanistan only to lose his right leg while helping a traffic accident sat down for a cup-of-tea with the recently engaged Harry. +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00006-00006541-00008025 Discussing Spencer's final preparations in becoming the world's first physically disabled person to row solo and unsupported from Europe to South America, the Royal quipped: 'At least you won't have to make conversation.' +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00007-00008142-00009833 Scroll down for video Spencer, dubbed 'The Rowing Marine' is setting off from Gibraltar on January 18 in nothing but a 7-meter rowing boat, and attempting to row solo and unsupported 3,500 miles across the Atlantic Ocean +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00008-00009950-00011247 This double Guinness world record is setting a new world record and also attempting to beat the current able bodied record of 96 days, 12 hours and 45 minutes. +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00009-00011364-00012023 The Royal Marine is on a personal mission to challenge the perceptions around disabilities +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00010-00012140-00013178 Spencer, who lives in Tavistock, Devon lost his right leg when he stopped to help a motorist on the M3 in Surrey in 2014 +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00011-00013294-00014107 He was hit by flying debris as he made his way to the stricken vehicle and his right leg was severed in the impact +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00012-00014224-00015519 Upon meeting Prince Harry, Lee commented: 'Prince Harry's support and the work he and the Endeavour Fund do has made a very big difference to many people's lives and in a very real way +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00013-00015636-00017113 'When you meet him you feel an overwhelming sense of fellowship and I particularly respect the fact he has kept and will continue to keep wounded and injured servicemen and women in the nations conscience and that he genuinely cares +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00014-00017230-00018186 'I am extremely proud to be able to raise awareness of the Endeavour Fund and the work they do in supporting the recovery of servicemen and women +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00015-00018303-00019288 'I am very grateful that I have had the opportunity to share the details and reasons why I am doing my challenge with Prince Harry directly +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00016-00019405-00020666 'It has made me incredibly proud and determined and I will carry with me his words of support across every one of the 3,500 Atlantic ocean miles I am about to face.' +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00017-00020783-00021538 He added: 'I don't believe anyone should be defined by something they can't do or their limitations +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00018-00021655-00022328 It's about rediscovering who you are, not redefining who you are and being labelled. +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00019-00022445-00023613 'I hope I am able to inspire all those who seek to rediscover themselves and raise awareness and funds for two very worthy charities who have supported and inspired me' +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00020-00023730-00025349 During the feat which will demand extraordinary physical and mental endurance, the former soldier will battle 30 foot waves and 3,500 miles of unpredictable ocean in nothing more than a 7 metre long ocean rowing boat +Ot2L5RwjTkM-00021-00025466-00026664 Suffering from sleep deprivation, extreme fatigue, sea-sickness, fear and solitude he will be out of helicopter range and totally unsupported on the water +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00000-00000103-00000720 International Short Stories volume to english Stories This Is a Librivox Recording All +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00001-00000772-00001028 Librivox recordings are in the public domain +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00002-00001111-00001488 For more Information or to volunteer Please Visit librivox.org +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00003-00001728-00002303 International Short Stories Vol 2 english Stories Edited By William Paton +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00004-00002401-00002581 Section 7 +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00005-00002581-00002942 Doctor Manette's Manuscript By Charles Dickens i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00006-00003222-00003388 Alexandre manette +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00007-00003388-00003893 Unfortunate Physician native of Beauvais and Afterwards Resident in Paris +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00008-00003943-00004568 Write this melancholy Paper in My doleful cell in the bastille during the last month of The year +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00009-00004735-00005232 1767 i write it at Stolen Intervals Under Every difficulty i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00010-00005307-00006035 Designed to secret it in the wall of the Chimney where i have slowly and Laborious lee made a Place of Concealment for it +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00011-00006087-00006557 Some pitying hand may Find It there When i and my Sorrows are dust +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00012-00006654-00007196 These Words Are Formed By The Rusty Iron point with Which i write with difficulty in +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00013-00007245-00007919 Scrapings of Soot And Charcoal from The Chimney Mixed with Blood in the last month of The tenth Year of my Captivity +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00014-00008079-00008369 hope has quite departed from My breast i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00015-00008443-00009098 Know from terrible Warnings i Have noted in Myself That My reason Will not long Remain Unimpaired +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00016-00009190-00009944 but i solemnly declare that i am at This time in the Possession of my right Mind that my memory is exact in +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00017-00009985-00010572 Circumstantial and That i write the truth As i Shall Answer for These My last Recorded words +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00018-00010618-00011099 Whether they be ever Read by men or not at the eternal Judgment seat +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00019-00011269-00011919 One Cloudy Moonlight Night in the third Week of december i think the 22nd of the month in the year +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00020-00012013-00012154 1757 i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00021-00012154-00012684 Was Walking on a retired Part of the key by the Saying for the refreshment of The frosty air +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00022-00012721-00013166 At an Hour's distance from My Place Of residence in the street of the school of medicine +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00023-00013213-00013547 When a carriage came Along Behind me Driven Very fast +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00024-00013651-00013904 As i stood aside to let that carriage Pass +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00025-00014005-00014249 apprehensive That It might otherwise Run me down a +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00026-00014308-00014769 Head Was pulled Out at The window and a Voice Called to the driver to stop the +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00027-00014863-00015467 carriage Stopped as soon as the driver could Rein in His horses and the same Voice Called to me by my name i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00028-00015535-00015672 Answered +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00029-00015672-00016079 The carriage Was then so far in Advance of me that two +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00030-00016087-00016517 Gentlemen Had time to open the door and a light before i came up with it i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00031-00016624-00017085 Observed That They were both wrapped in cloaks and Appeared to conceal Themselves as +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00032-00017164-00017489 They Stood Side By side Near the carriage Door i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00033-00017524-00018008 Also Observed That They both Looked Up about my own age or rather Younger and +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00034-00018082-00018599 That They were greatly alike in stature manner or Voice and as far as i could see face to +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00035-00018723-00019055 you Our doctor manette Said one i am +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00036-00019147-00019427 Doctor Manette Formerly of Beauvais Said the other +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00037-00019470-00020222 The Young Physician Originally an Expert Surgeon But Within the last Year or two has made a rising Reputation in Paris +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00038-00020293-00020757 Gentlemen i returned i am That doctor manette of whom you speak so graciously +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00039-00020797-00021060 We have Been to your residence Said the first and +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00040-00021076-00021629 Not being so fortunate as to find you there and being Informed that You were probably Walking in this Direction +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00041-00021679-00021932 We followed in the hope of Overtaking you +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00042-00021997-00022197 were you pleased to Enter the carriage +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00043-00022270-00022710 The Manner of Both Was imperious and they Both Moved as These Words were spoken +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00044-00022750-00023085 So as to place me between Themselves in the carriage Door +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00045-00023145-00023363 They were armed i was not +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00046-00023529-00023649 Gentleman Said i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00047-00023649-00024115 Pardon me but i usually inquire who does me the honor to seek my assistance +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00048-00024129-00024806 And What is the nature of the case to which i am Summoned the reply to this Was made by him who had spoken Second +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00049-00024936-00025217 Doctor Your Clients are People of Condition as +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00050-00025266-00025604 To the nature of the case our confidence in your Skill? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00051-00025632-00026089 Assures us that You will ascertain It for Yourself Better Than we can describe it +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00052-00026169-00026833 Enough Will You Please Enter the carriage i could do nothing But comply and i entered it in silence +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00053-00026943-00027373 They both Entered after me the last springing and after putting Up the steps +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00054-00027458-00027869 The carriage Turned about and drove on at its former Speed i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00055-00027945-00028652 Repeat This conversation Exactly As It occurred i have no Doubt that It is Word for Word the same i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00056-00028737-00029012 Described Everything Exactly As It took Place +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00057-00029100-00029339 Constraining My Mind Not to wander from the task +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00058-00029427-00030061 Where i make the Broken Marks that follow Here i leave off for the time and put my paper in its hiding Place +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00059-00030285-00030880 The carriage Left The streets Behind Passed the north Barrier and Emerged upon the country Road +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00060-00030957-00031745 That 2/3 of a League from the barrier i did not estimate the distance at That time But Afterwards When i traversed it +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00061-00031791-00032264 It struck Out of the main avenue and Presently stopped At a solitary house +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00062-00032349-00032912 we all three Alighted and Walked By a Damn Soft footpath in a Garden Where a +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00063-00032949-00033257 Neglected Fountain Had Overflowed to the door of the house +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00064-00033339-00033856 It Was not Opened immediately in Answer to the ringing of the bell and One of my two +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00065-00033885-00034367 Conductors Struck The Man Who opened It with His Heavy writing Glove across the face +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00066-00034523-00035293 There Was nothing in this Section to attract My particular Attention for i had seen common People Struck more Commonly Than dogs +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00067-00035378-00035962 But The other of the two being Angry likewise struck the Man and like Manner With his arm +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00068-00036023-00036376 the look and Bearing of The Brothers were then so Exactly alike +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00069-00036455-00036772 That i then first perceived them to be twin brothers +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00070-00036869-00037303 From The time of our Alighting at The outer gate Which we found long and +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00071-00037325-00038083 Which one of the brothers had opened to admit us and had relocked i had Heard Cries proceeding from an upper chamber i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00072-00038126-00038716 Was Conducted to this Chamber straight The Cries growing Louder as We Ascended The stairs and +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00073-00038736-00039136 I found a patient at a High fever of the Brain Lying on a Bed +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00074-00039224-00039526 The Patient Was a Woman of Great Beauty and Young +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00075-00039608-00039808 Assuredly Not Much Past 20 +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00076-00039887-00040501 Her hair Was torn and ragged and her arms were bound to her sides with sashes and Handkerchiefs i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00077-00040592-00040963 noticed That These Bonds were all portions of a Gentleman's dress on +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00078-00041063-00041470 One of them Which Was a Fringed Scarf for a Dress of Ceremony i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00079-00041528-00041992 Saw The Armorial Bearings of a Noble and The Letter e i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00080-00042056-00042406 Saw This Within the first minute of My Contemplation of the patient +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00081-00042434-00042931 For in her restless striving she had Turned Over on her face on the edge of the bed and? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00082-00042977-00043426 Had Drawn The end of the scarf into her mouth and Was in Danger of Suffocation +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00083-00043574-00043807 My first act Was to put out my hand +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00084-00043807-00044440 to relieve her breathing and in moving the scarf aside the embroidery on the corner caught my sight i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00085-00044516-00045226 Turned her Gently Over Placed My Hands upon her breast to calm her and Keep her down and looked into her face +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00086-00045323-00045982 Her Eyes were dilated in Wild and she constantly uttered piercing Shrieks and Repeated The words +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00087-00046043-00046330 My Husband My father and my Brother and +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00088-00046433-00046774 Then Counted Up to twelve and Said hush +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00089-00046909-00047328 for an instant and no more She Would pause to listen and +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00090-00047374-00047838 Then The piercing Shrieks Would Begin Again and She Would repeat the Cry +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00091-00047896-00048420 My Husband My father and My Brother and Would count Up to 12 and Say +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00092-00048475-00048666 Hush +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00093-00048666-00048923 There was no Variation in the order of the manor +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00094-00048982-00049493 There was no Cessation but The regular moments pause in the utterance of these Sounds +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00095-00049555-00050256 How long i Asked as This lasted to distinguish the brothers i will call them the elder and the Younger +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00096-00050350-00051000 By The Elder i mean Him who exercised the most Authority It Was the elder Who replied +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00097-00051103-00051303 Since about this hour last night +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00098-00051384-00051959 She has a Husband a Father and a Brother a Brother i do not Address her brother +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00099-00052069-00052355 He answered with great contempt. No +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00100-00052426-00053171 She has some recent association with the Number 12 the Younger brother impatiently rejoined with travel Clock +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00101-00053266-00053841 See Gentlemen said i still Keeping my Hands upon her breast how useless i am as you have brought me? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00102-00053899-00054572 If i had Known What i was coming to see i could have come provided as It is time must be lost +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00103-00054610-00054915 There are no medications to be obtained in this Lonely Place +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00104-00055080-00055373 The Elder Brother Looked to the Younger Who said Haughtily +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00105-00055416-00055922 There is a case of medicines here and Brought It from a Closet and put it on the table i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00106-00055978-00056360 Opened Some of The Bottles smelt them and Put the stoppers to my lips +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00107-00056449-00057242 If i had wanted to use anything save narcotic medicines That were poisons in Themselves i would not have Administered any of Those +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00108-00057298-00057978 Do You Doubt them Asked the Younger Brother you see monsieur i am going to use them i replied and Said no more +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00109-00058002-00058334 i made the patient swallow with Great difficulty and +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00110-00058378-00058985 After Many efforts The dose that i had desired to give as i Intended to repeat it after a While and +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00111-00059004-00059255 As It Was Necessary to watch its influence i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00112-00059314-00059514 Sat Down by The side of the bed +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00113-00059616-00060050 There Was a Timid and Suppressed Woman in attendance Wife of the man downstairs +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00114-00060154-00060354 Who had Retreated into a corner +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00115-00060474-00061172 The House Was damp and Decayed indifferently Furnished Evidently Recently occupied and Temporarily Used +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00116-00061291-00061754 Some thick old Hangings had Been Nailed Up before the Windows to Deaden The sound of The shrieks? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00117-00061836-00062210 They continued to be uttered in their Regular Succession with the Cry +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00118-00062238-00062753 My Husband My father and My Brother the counting Up to twelve and hush +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00119-00062889-00063125 The Frenzy Was so Violent that i had not +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00120-00063138-00063587 Unfastened The Bandages restraining The Arms but i had looked to them to see that They were not Painful +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00121-00063673-00064292 The Only Spark Of encouragement in the case Was that my hand upon the sufferers Breast had this much Soothing influence +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00122-00064329-00064655 That four Minutes At a time It tranquilized the figure +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00123-00064761-00064961 It had no effect upon the cries +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00124-00065013-00065216 no pendulum could be more Regular +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00125-00065355-00066023 For The reason That my hand had this effect i assumed i had set by the side of the bed for half an hour +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00126-00066051-00066632 with the two brothers Looking on before The Elder Said there is another patient i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00127-00066681-00067046 Was Startled and Asked is It a pressing case +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00128-00067107-00067487 You had Better see he carelessly answered and took up a light +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00129-00067614-00068312 The Other patient Lay in a back Room across a Second Staircase Which Was a Species of Loft Over a stable +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00130-00068370-00068672 There Was a Low plastered Ceiling to a part of it +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00131-00068687-00069149 The Rest Was open to the Ridge of the tiled Roof and there were beams across +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00132-00069225-00069950 Hay and straw were stored in that Portion of The Place Faggots were firing and a Heap of Apples in Sand i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00133-00070044-00070295 Had to pass through That Part to get at the other +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00134-00070389-00070724 My Memory is Circumstantial and Unshaken i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00135-00070764-00071324 Try It with these details and i see them all in this my cell in the best deal +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00136-00071364-00071852 Near The close of The tenth Year of My Captivity as i saw them all that Night +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00137-00072015-00072587 on some hay on the ground with a cushion Thrown Under His Head Lay a handsome Peasant Boy a +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00138-00072640-00072915 Boy of Not more Than 17 at the most +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00139-00072991-00073782 He lay on his back with his teeth set his right Hand Clenched on his breast and his Glaring Eyes Looking straight Upward i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00140-00073837-00074250 Could Not See where his wound was as i Kneeled on one knee Over Him? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00141-00074263-00074678 but i could See that he was dying of a Wound from a Sharp Point i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00142-00074710-00075462 Am a doctor My Poor Fellows said i let me examine it i do not want It examined he answered let it be +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00143-00075502-00075905 It Was under His hand and i soothed him to let me move his hand away? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00144-00076033-00076233 The Wound Was a Sword-Thrust +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00145-00076255-00076494 Received from 20 to 24 hours before +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00146-00076564-00077156 But no skill could Have Saved Him if It had Been Looked to without Delay he was then Dying fast +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00147-00077188-00077889 As i turned my eyes to the elder Brother i saw Him looking down at This handsome boy whose life Was ebbing Out as +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00148-00077914-00078470 If he were a Wounded Bird or hare or rabbit not at all as iF he were a fellow creature +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00149-00078562-00079119 How has this Been done Monsieur said i the Crazed Young common Dog a Serf +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00150-00079174-00079721 Forced My Brother to draw upon him and has Fallen by My brother's Sword Like a Gentleman +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00151-00079827-00080309 There was no touch of Pity Sorrow or Candid Humanity in this Answer +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00152-00080362-00080601 The Speaker Seemed to acknowledge that It Was +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00153-00080662-00081339 Inconvenient to have That different order of creature dying there and that It Would have Been Better if he had died in the usual? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00154-00081373-00081590 obscure routine of his Vermin Kind +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00155-00081673-00082208 He was quite incapable of Any compassionate Feeling about the boy or about his fate +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00156-00082276-00082847 The Boy's eyes had slowly Moved to him as he had spoken and Now they slowly Moved to me +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00157-00082927-00083522 Doctor They are Very Proud these Nobles but we common dogs are proud too sometimes +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00158-00083599-00084165 They plunder us outrageous beat us kill us but we have a little pride left sometimes +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00159-00084235-00084918 She have you seen her doctor the shrieks and the Cries were audible there those subdued by the distance? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00160-00084973-00085311 He referred to them as if she were lying in our presence +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00161-00085361-00085615 i said i have seen her she +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00162-00085692-00086462 Is my sister doctor They have had Their Shameful rights These Nobles in the Modesty and virtue of our sisters Many Years +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00163-00086520-00086980 But We Have had Good Girls Among us i know it and Have Heard My Father Say so? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00164-00087087-00087634 She Was a Good girl she was betrothed to a good young man to a tenant of His +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00165-00087675-00088009 We were all tenants of His that Men's Who stands there +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00166-00088074-00088429 The Other is his brother the worst of a Bad Race +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00167-00088587-00089381 It was with the Greatest difficulty That the boy gathered Bodily Forced to speak but his spirit spoke with a Dreadful emphasis +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00168-00089501-00090142 We were so Robbed by that Man Who stands there as all we Common Dogs are by those superior Beings +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00169-00090182-00090382 Taxed By Him Without Mercy +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00170-00090393-00090593 Obliged to work for him Without Pay +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00171-00090642-00091351 Obliged to grind Our Corn at His mill obliged to feed scores of His tame Birds on our Wretched crops and +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00172-00091404-00091769 Forbidden For our Lives to keep a single tame Bird of our own +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00173-00091826-00092254 Pillaged and Plundered to that degree that When we Chanced to have a Bit of Meat? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00174-00092268-00092675 We Ate it in fear with the door barred and the shutters Closed +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00175-00092718-00093010 That His People Should Not see It and take It from Us i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00176-00093087-00093457 Say We were so Robbed and Hunted and made so poor That +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00177-00093486-00094118 Our father told us It Was a Dreadful Thing to bring a Child into the world and that What We Should most pray for +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00178-00094145-00094588 Was That our Women Should Be Barren and our miserable Race died out i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00179-00094658-00095179 Had never before Seen the sense of being Oppressed bursting Forth Like a fire i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00180-00095244-00095572 Had Supposed that It must Be latent in the People somewhere +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00181-00095631-00096070 but i had never Seen It break out until i saw it in the dying Boy +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00182-00096150-00096709 Nevertheless Doctor My Sister Married he was Ailing at That time Poor fellow and she +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00183-00096738-00097369 Married Her lover that she might tend and comfort Him in our cottage our dog Hut That's that Man Would Call it +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00184-00097419-00098132 She had not Been Married many Weeks When that Man's brother Saw her and Admired her and Asked that Man to lend her to him +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00185-00098169-00098369 for What her husband's Among Us +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00186-00098429-00099022 He was Willing enough But My sister Was good and virtuous and Hated His brother with a hatred as strong as mine +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00187-00099086-00099609 What did the two then to persuade her husband to use his influence with her to make her willing +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00188-00099674-00100150 The Boy's Eyes Which had Been fixed online Slowly Turned to the looker-on and +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00189-00100178-00100503 i saw in the two faces that all he said Was true +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00190-00100589-00101166 The Two opposing Kinds of Pride Confronting One another i can See even in this best deal +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00191-00101237-00101934 The Gentlemen's all negligent indifference the Peasants all Trodden down sentiment and passionate revenge +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00192-00102044-00102708 You Know doctor that It is among The rights of These Nobles to harness us common dogs to carts and drive us +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00193-00102769-00103416 They so Harnessed Him and drove him you know that it is among Their rights to keep us in their Grounds all Night +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00194-00103468-00103875 Quieting The Frogs in order That Their noble Sleep Might Not be Disturbed +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00195-00103973-00104530 They Kept Him out in the unwholesome Mists at night and ordered Him back in the harness of The day +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00196-00104597-00104792 But he was not Persuaded +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00197-00104792-00104894 No +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00198-00104894-00105307 Taken Out of Harness One day It Known to feed if he could find Food +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00199-00105347-00105922 He soft twelve Times once for Every stroke of the bell and died in her bosom +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00200-00106049-00106555 Nothing Human could Have Held life in the boy but His determination to tell all his wrong +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00201-00106604-00107331 He forced back the gathering Shadows of Death As he Forced his clenched right hand to remain Clenched and to cover his wound? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00202-00107405-00107968 Then with That Man's permission and even with his aid his brother took her away in +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00203-00108010-00108604 Spite of What i know she must have told His brother and what that is Will not be long Unknown to you doctor +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00204-00108610-00109209 If it is now his brother took her away for his pleasure and diversion for a Little while i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00205-00109274-00109474 Saw her past me on the Road +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00206-00109502-00109863 When i took the Tidings home our father's Heart Burst +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00207-00109907-00110182 He never spoke one of The Words that Filled it i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00208-00110209-00110728 Took My Young sister for i have another to a Place Beyond the reach of This man And +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00209-00110771-00111004 Where at least she Will never be his vessel +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00210-00111083-00111781 Then i tracked the Brother here and last Night Climbed in a common Dog But Sword in hand +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00211-00111863-00112411 Where is the lost Window It Was somewhere here the room Was darkening to his sight? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00212-00112442-00112696 The World Was Narrowing Around Him a +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00213-00112766-00113350 Glanced about me and saw That the Hay and straw were trampled over the floor as if there had Been a struggle +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00214-00113457-00113882 She heard me and ran in i told her not to come near us till he was Dead +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00215-00113930-00114493 He came in and first Tossed me some pieces of Money Then struck at me with a Whip +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00216-00114554-00115015 But i though a common Dog so struck at Him as to make Him draw +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00217-00115095-00115663 Let Him Break into as Many Pieces As he will the sword that he stained with My common Blood +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00218-00115746-00115946 He drew to defend Himself +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00219-00115958-00116230 Thrust At me with all his skill for his life +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00220-00116271-00116869 My clans had Fallen but a few moments before on the fragments of a Broken Sword Lying Among The hay That +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00221-00116958-00117511 Weapon Was the Gentleman's in another Place Lay an old Sword That Seemed to have Been a Soldier's? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00222-00117590-00117838 Now Lift me up doctor Lift me up +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00223-00117902-00118303 Where is he he is not here i said supporting the boy +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00224-00118385-00118585 Thinking That he had referred to the brother +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00225-00118640-00119020 he proud as these Nobles are he is afraid to see me +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00226-00119066-00119710 Where is the man Who was here Turn my face to him i did so raising the boy's Head against my knee +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00227-00119798-00120328 But Invested for the moment with extraordinary Power he raised Himself completely +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00228-00120410-00120778 Obliging me to rise - or i could not Have Still supported Him +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00229-00120860-00121037 Marquis Said the Boy +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00230-00121037-00121441 Turned to him with his eyes Opened Wide and His right Hand Raised in the +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00231-00121487-00121801 Days When all these Things are to be answered for i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00232-00121874-00122311 Summoned You and Yours to the last of your Bad race to answer for them i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00233-00122375-00122791 Marked This Cross of Blood upon you as a Sign That i do It in +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00234-00122840-00123163 The Days When all these Things are to be answered for i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00235-00123215-00123703 Summon Your Brother the worst of the bad race to answer for them Separately i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00236-00123767-00124102 Marked This Cross of Blood upon him as a Sign That i do it +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00237-00124148-00124714 Twice he put his hand to the wound in his breast and with His forefinger drew across the air +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00238-00124778-00125551 He stood for an instant with the finger yet Raised and as It Dropped he dropped with It and i laid HIm down dead +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00239-00125735-00126418 When i returned to the bedside of The young Woman i found her raving in precisely the same order of continuity i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00240-00126488-00127024 Knew that this might Last for Many Hours and that It Would Probably end in the silence of the grave i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00241-00127130-00127735 Repeated The medicines i had Given her and i said at The bedside of The bed until the night was far AdVanced +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00242-00127799-00128488 She never evaded the piercing quality of her Shrieks Never Stumbled in the distinctness or the order of her words? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00243-00128552-00128694 They were always +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00244-00128694-00128923 My Husband My father and my Brother +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00245-00128978-00129367 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00246-00129428-00129599 Hush +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00247-00129599-00129967 This Lasted 26 Hours from The time When i first saw her i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00248-00130040-00130522 Had come and gone twice and Was again sitting by her when she began to falter i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00249-00130634-00131380 Did What little could be done to assist that opportunity and By-And-By she Sank into a lethargy and lay Like The Dead +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00250-00131532-00132022 It Was as if the Wind and rain had Lulled at Last after a Long Fearful storm i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00251-00132069-00132671 Released her arms and Called The Woman to assist me to compose her figure and the dress she had torn it? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00252-00132677-00133363 Was then that i knew her condition to be that of one in whom the first Expectations of being a Mother Have arisen and +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00253-00133424-00133720 It was then that i lost The little hope that i had a Verb +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00254-00133814-00134311 Is she Dead Asked the Marquis the Model Still described as The elder Brother +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00255-00134375-00134896 Coming Booted Into The Room from His horse not dead said i but like to die +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00256-00134970-00135535 What strength There is in these common Bodies he said looking down at her with some Curiosity +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00257-00135611-00136009 There is prodigious strength i answered Him in sorrow and despair +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00258-00136182-00136537 He first laughed at My Words and Then Frowned at them +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00259-00136616-00137194 He moved a Chair With his foot near to mine ordered the Woman away and said in a Subdued Voice +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00260-00137247-00137908 Doctor Finding My Brother in this difficulty with These Hynes i recommended That your Age Should Be Invited +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00261-00137963-00138614 YouR pure tation is high and as a Young man With Your fortune to make You are probably Mindful of Your interest +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00262-00138673-00139157 The Things that You see here are things to be seen and not spoken of i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00263-00139225-00140004 Listen to the patient's breathing and Avoided Answering Do You Honor me with your attention doctor Monsieur said i in my profession the +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00264-00140041-00140348 communications of Patients are Always Received in confidence i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00265-00140398-00140858 Was Guarded in My Answer for i was Troubled in my Mind with What i had Heard and Seen +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00266-00140941-00141648 Her breathing was so difficult to trace that i carefully tried the pulse and the heart There Was life and no more +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00267-00141760-00142262 Looking Round As i Resumed my seat I found both the brothers intent upon me i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00268-00142303-00142664 write with so much difficulty The cold Is so severe i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00269-00142681-00143211 Am so Fearful of being detected and consigned to an underground cell and total Darkness +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00270-00143266-00143466 That i must have Bridge This narrative +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00271-00143560-00144068 There is no confusion or failure in my memory It can Recall and could detail +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00272-00144082-00144411 Every Word That Was ever spoken Between me and those Brothers +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00273-00144475-00144675 She lingered for a Week +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00274-00144676-00145296 Towards The last i could Understand some Few syllables that she Said to me by placing my ear close to her lips +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00275-00145375-00145680 She Asked me where she was and i told her +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00276-00145726-00146256 Who i was and i told her it Was in Vain That i asked her for her family name +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00277-00146311-00146837 she Faintly shook her head upon the pillow and Kept her secret as the boy had done i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00278-00146887-00147633 Had no opportunity of Asking her any question Until i had told The brothers that she was seeking fast and could Not live another day +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00279-00147774-00148301 Until Then though no one Was ever presented to her consciousness Saved the Woman in Myself +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00280-00148355-00148555 One or other of them had Always +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00281-00148580-00149071 Jealously Sat Behind the curtain at The Head of the bed When i was there but When it came to That +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00282-00149103-00149903 They Seem Careless What communication i might hold With her as if the thought passed Through My Mind i were dying. Too i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00283-00149997-00150718 Always Observed That Their pride Bitterly Resented The Younger Brothers As i Call Him having Crossed Swords with a Peasant and +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00284-00150762-00150962 That Peasant a Boy +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00285-00150969-00151724 The Only Consideration That Appeared to affect the Mind of Either of them Was the consideration that This Was Highly Degrading +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00286-00151724-00151991 to the family and Was ridiculous as +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00287-00152073-00152857 Often As i caught The Younger Brothers Eyes Their Expression Reminded me that he disliked me Deeply for knowing What i knew from the boy? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00288-00152930-00153412 he was smoother and more polite to me than The Elder but i saw this i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00289-00153501-00153892 Also Saw That i was an encumbrance in the Mind of The elder too +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00290-00153984-00154429 My patient died two hours before Midnight at a time by my Watch +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00291-00154466-00155101 Answering Almost to the minute When i had first seen her i was alone with her when her forlorn Young Head? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00292-00155124-00155644 Drooped Gently on One side and all her Earthly Wrongs and Sorrows Ended +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00293-00155721-00155939 The Brothers were waiting in a Room downstairs +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00294-00156021-00156221 Impatient to ride away i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00295-00156225-00156425 Had Heard them alone at the bedside +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00296-00156528-00156892 Striking Their Boots With Their writing webs and loitering Up and Down +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00297-00156963-00157516 At Last She's Dead Said the elder When i went in she is dead said i i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00298-00157596-00158321 Congratulate you my brother were his Words As he turns Round he had before offered me money Which i had postponed taking? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00299-00158358-00158944 he now gave me a reuleaux of gold i took it from his hand but laid it on the table i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00300-00158982-00159730 Had Considered The question and had Resolved to accept nothing pray Excuse me said i under the circumstances no +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00301-00159774-00160558 They Exchanged Looks but bent Their Heads to me as i bent mine to them and we parted Without another Word on Either side i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00302-00160691-00161413 Am Weary Weary Weary Worn Down but Sorry i cannot Read what i've Written with its Gaunt hand +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00303-00161654-00162205 Early in The Morning The reuleaux of gold Was Left at My Door in a little box with My name on the outside +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00304-00162360-00162721 From The first i had Anxiously Considered What i ought to do i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00305-00162779-00163165 Decided That day to write privately to the Minister +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00306-00163212-00163739 stating The nature of the two cases to which i had Been Summoned and the place to which i had gone in +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00307-00163833-00164155 Effect stating All The Circumstances i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00308-00164238-00164978 Knew What court influence Was and What the immunities of the Nobles were and i Expected that the matter Would never Be Heard of +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00309-00165005-00165241 but i wish to relieve my own Mind i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00310-00165312-00165931 Had Kept The matter a Profound secret even from my wife and this to are Resolved to state in my letter i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00311-00166002-00166300 Had no apprehension Whatever of my Real Danger +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00312-00166332-00167048 but i was conscious That there might be Danger for others if others were compromised by possessing the knowledge that i possessed i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00313-00167153-00167938 Was Much Engaged that day and could Not complete my Letter That night i rose long Before My Usual time Next morning to finish it +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00314-00167985-00168212 It was the last day of the year the +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00315-00168252-00168856 Letter Was lying Before me Just completed When i was told That a Lady Waited Who wished to see me i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00316-00168996-00169342 Am Growing more and more Unequal to the task i've set Myself +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00317-00169422-00170107 It is so cold so Dark My senses so burn armed and the gloom upon me is so dreadful +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00318-00170253-00170905 The Lady Was Young engaging in handsome but not Marked for long Life she Was in great Agitation +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00319-00171021-00171541 She presented Herself to me as the wife of the Marquis st. Evremonde i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00320-00171684-00172315 Connected The title by Which the boy had Addressed The elder Brother with the initial letter embroidered on the scarf and +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00321-00172335-00172546 Had no difficulty in arriving at The Conclusion +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00322-00172628-00172873 That i had seen That Nobleman Very Lately +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00323-00173007-00173204 My Memory is still accurate +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00324-00173204-00173485 but i cannot write The Words of our conversation i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00325-00173544-00174122 Suspect that i am Watched more Closely Than i was and i know not at What Times i may be watched +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00326-00174244-00174554 She hadn't fart suspected and in part discovered +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00327-00174579-00175178 The Main facts of The Cruel Story of her husband share in It and my being Resorted to +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00328-00175305-00175520 She did not know that the girl was Dead +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00329-00175585-00175824 Her hope that Been she said in great distress +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00330-00175880-00176162 To show her in secret a Woman's Sympathy? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00331-00176221-00176811 Her hope had Been to avert the wrath of Heaven from a house that had long Been hateful to the suffering Many +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00332-00176901-00177560 she had reasons for Believing That there Was a Young Sister Living and her Greatest desire was to help that Sister i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00333-00177670-00178149 Could Tell Her nothing But That There Was such a sister Beyond that i knew nothing +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00334-00178282-00178952 Her inducement to come to me relying on My confidence had Been the hope that i could tell her the name and Place of abode? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00335-00178989-00179312 Where as to this Wretched hour i am a God of both +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00336-00179543-00179752 These scraps of Paper Fail me +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00337-00179822-00180129 One Was Taken from me with a Warning Yesterday i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00338-00180206-00180406 Must finish My Record Today +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00339-00180605-00180955 She Was a Good compassionate Lady and not happy in her marriage +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00340-00181025-00181214 How could she be +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00341-00181214-00181731 The Brother distrusted and disliked her and His influence Was all Opposed to her +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00342-00181790-00182143 She stood in dread of Him and in dread of her Husband too +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00343-00182330-00183001 When i Handed her down to the door there Was a Child a Pretty Boy from 2 to 3 Years old in her carriage +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00344-00183110-00183850 for His sake doctor she Said pointing to him in tears i would do all i can to make What Poor Amends i can +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00345-00183914-00184227 he will never prosper in his inheritance otherwise i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00346-00184319-00184519 Have a presentiments +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00347-00184547-00184936 Entities made For This it Will One day Be Required of Him +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00348-00185024-00185508 What i have left to call my own It is little Beyond The worth of a Few Jewels i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00349-00185567-00186301 Will Make It the first charge of His life to bestow with the compassion and lamenting of His dead mother on this Injured Family +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00350-00186317-00186517 If the sister can Be discovered +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00351-00186647-00187131 She Kissed the boy and said Caressing Him it is for Thine own Dear Sake Thou? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00352-00187208-00187408 Wilt Be Faithful Little Charles +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00353-00187436-00187636 The Child Answered her bravely +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00354-00187676-00187874 Yes i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00355-00187874-00188476 Kissed Her hand and she took him in her arms and went Away Caressing Him i never Saw her more? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00356-00188591-00189211 As she had mentioned her husband's name and the faith that i knew it i added no mention of It to my letter i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00357-00189302-00189796 Sealed My letter and not trusting it out of my own Hands delivered It Myself That day +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00358-00189986-00190612 That night The last night of The Year Towards Nine o'clock a Man in a Black Dress rang at my gate +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00359-00190664-00191014 Demanded to see me and softly followed my servant +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00360-00191069-00191362 Ns defarge a Youth Upstairs +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00361-00191435-00191892 When My servant came into the Room where i sat with my Wife o my wife? +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00362-00191972-00192286 Beloved of my Heart By Fair Young english Wife +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00363-00192387-00192878 We saw the Man Who was supposed to be at the gate standing silent Behind Him an +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00364-00192942-00193517 Urgent case in the who saint honore he said it would not detain me he had a Coach in waiting +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00365-00193585-00193892 It brought me here it brought me to my grave +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00366-00193965-00194681 When i was Clear of the house a Black Muffler Was Drawn Tightly Over My mouth from behind and my Arms were pinioned +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00367-00194770-00195273 The Two brothers Crossed The Road from a Dark corner and identified me with a single gesture +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00368-00195334-00195641 The Marquis took from His pocket the letter i had Written +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00369-00195685-00196098 Showed It to me burnt it in the light of a Lantern That Was held and +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00370-00196171-00196371 Extinguished The ashes with his foot +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00371-00196396-00196596 Not a Word Was spoken i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00372-00196648-00197015 Was Brought Here i was brought to my living grave +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00373-00197173-00197780 If it had Pleased god to put in the hard Heart of Either of the brothers in all these Frightful Years +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00374-00197809-00198087 To grant me any Tidings of My Dearest Wife +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00375-00198151-00198548 so much as to let me know by a Word whether alive or dead i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00376-00198613-00198914 might Have Thought That he had quite not abandoned them +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00377-00198988-00199757 But Now i believed that the Mark of the red cross is Fatal to them and that They have no part in his mercies and +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00378-00199861-00200378 Them in Their descendants to the last of Their Race i at Axalta manette +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00379-00200419-00200760 Unhappy Prisoner Do This last Night of The Years +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00380-00200851-00201086 1767 in My unbearable Agony +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00381-00201172-00201545 Denounced to the Times when all these Things Shall Be Answered for i +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00382-00201661-00201881 Denounced them to heaven and to earth +Ots-Dp7-Ml8-00383-00202126-00202326 End of Section 7 +OuRP7eGfn4y-00000-00000134-00000235 Music +OuRP7eGfn4y-00001-00000235-00000389 Music +OuRP7eGfn4y-00002-00000389-00000489 Music +OuRP7eGfn4y-00003-00000586-00000687 Music +OuRP7eGfn4y-00004-00001108-00001208 Music +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00000-00000656-00000869 Hi, everyone. It's Bre. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00001-00000869-00001273 There are lots and lots of mealworms here today. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00002-00001273-00001427 I used to put them in a big case +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00003-00001427-00001714 But there was no point of using a big case. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00004-00001714-00002050 So I just separated them on smaller cases +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00005-00002050-00002314 to feed them at once. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00006-00002314-00002528 There are approximately 10,000 of mealworms. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00007-00002528-00003194 The case is deep enough to put my entire finger in. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00008-00003194-00003757 The thing we are going to feed mealworms is ---- +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00009-00003757-00003904 Ta-da! +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00010-00003904-00004128 It's a Ghana chocolate. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00011-00004128-00004648 This chocolate is very cheap and one of my favorites. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00012-00004648-00004813 It's really dal-dal(sweet). +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00013-00004813-00005306 Let's see if they like it. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00014-00005453-00005894 It makes ME hungry ;) +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00015-00005894-00006334 I was shocked when they ate the dragon fruit. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00016-00006334-00006570 It was really juicy. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00017-00006570-00006789 Some people like it and some don't. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00018-00006789-00007008 And personally I don't prefer to eat that fruit. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00019-00007008-00007478 But this chocolate is delicious and sweet. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00020-00007478-00007738 -_- +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00021-00007738-00007850 It's broken. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00022-00007955-00008189 -_- +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00023-00008189-00008415 Let's feed it now. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00024-00008415-00008758 I know it's broken into 2 pieces but I'll just use it. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00025-00008895-00008949 Looks sweet. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00026-00008949-00009205 It melted. x3 +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00027-00009205-00009635 Do you think they'll like it?! +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00028-00009635-00010032 I know they eat up everything but +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00029-00010032-00010266 I've never feed them such sweet thing. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00030-00010379-00010672 Maybe I should try Chupa-Chups later. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00031-00010672-00010925 First of all, they are interested. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00032-00010925-00011277 They are interested about it. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00033-00011372-00011926 Wow, they're really interested about it. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00034-00011926-00012026 They are climbing up. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00035-00012026-00013078 Chocolate's not good for some kinds of animals like dogs. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00036-00013078-00013709 It can also be bad for mealworms too, but they like it. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00037-00013709-00014437 I'm going home for now and come back later. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00038-00014437-00014746 I'll be gone for 8---10 hours. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00039-00014746-00015104 But you can just wait for 3 secs. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00040-00015104-00015126 ★ +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00041-00015411-00015515 back to work! +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00042-00015515-00015586 I'm back for work. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00043-00015586-00015819 I wonder what happened. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00044-00015926-00016166 What?! +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00045-00016166-00016381 Wait. The chocolate disappeared..? +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00046-00016381-00016877 I don't see the chocolate. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00047-00016877-00017205 It's not here. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00048-00017205-00017488 Where is it? +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00049-00017488-00017584 Oh, I found it. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00050-00017584-00017996 Oh, I found it. Didn't eat at all...? +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00051-00017996-00018021 I found one. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00052-00018304-00018562 They don't eat chocolate? +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00053-00018858-00019078 I'll wash it off with water. Finally got a thing mealworms don't eat. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00054-00019078-00019382 I'll check if there is any evidence of a bite. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00055-00019382-00019744 If I don't find any, a thing mealworms don't eat DOES exist! +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00056-00019744-00019939 New discovery? +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00057-00019939-00020102 Woah. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00058-00020102-00020567 I thought it would be gone but it wasn't. Pretty surprised.. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00059-00020567-00020810 It's not getting washed off.. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00060-00021021-00021488 Let's just soak it in water. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00061-00021488-00021712 I've never thought of soaking chocolate in water. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00062-00021712-00022174 It seems like they were interested at first, but I don't see any trace of bite. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00063-00022174-00022520 They might have climbed it for no reason +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00064-00022520-00022854 Or they might have known that it won't be good for them +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00065-00022854-00023099 Or they might have felt that it can't be digested. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00066-00023099-00023274 They didn't eat at all. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00067-00023274-00023734 It's funny that they like styrofoam instead of chocolate. They love styrofoam. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00068-00024059-00024336 Oh, do you see? +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00069-00024336-00024547 They actually ate a bit of it. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00070-00024547-00024704 But it stopped eating. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00071-00024704-00025075 It seems they wanted some moisture(water) +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00072-00025075-00025261 but then they found out it's not good +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00073-00025261-00025472 not good for their health +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00074-00025472-00025827 And just spitted out. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00075-00025827-00026166 I finally discovered what mealworms don't eat. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00076-00026166-00026583 They don't even eat chocolate after gold. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00077-00026583-00026986 Next experiment is up to you! Please left a comment below. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00078-00026986-00027350 I'll go through the comments and plan another experiment. +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00079-00027350-00027695 That's all for today! Bye~ +O_ZLI1UXDkc-00080-00027862-00027939 Yoshi~~ (Good) +ODzm4wVlkJu-00000-00000115-00001475 Storage +ODzm4wVlkJu-00001-00001475-00001941 If the pavement in your home, you still have important possessions. +ODzm4wVlkJu-00002-00001941-00002414 So how do you keep them safe when you go for a meal, find a bed for the night, end up in +ODzm4wVlkJu-00003-00002414-00002710 the hospital, or have the chance at a job interview. +ODzm4wVlkJu-00004-00002710-00002992 Have you ever stored here before? +ODzm4wVlkJu-00005-00002992-00003092 No. +ODzm4wVlkJu-00006-00003092-00003192 No, OK. +ODzm4wVlkJu-00007-00003192-00003651 First United in Vancouver has an innovative storage program for people in the downtown +ODzm4wVlkJu-00008-00003651-00003757 East side. +ODzm4wVlkJu-00009-00003757-00004277 It’s housed in the basement , there is no heat but it’s dry. +ODzm4wVlkJu-00010-00004277-00004467 Two staff people manage the facility. +ODzm4wVlkJu-00011-00004467-00004819 They register new users, and keep things in order. +ODzm4wVlkJu-00012-00004819-00005477 Yeah, that’s how this place started, they got funding from Vancouver City to um store +ODzm4wVlkJu-00013-00005477-00005951 shopping carts just to kind of get them off the street and have the place cleaned up a +ODzm4wVlkJu-00014-00005951-00006248 bit and they kind of expanded to bins and things. +ODzm4wVlkJu-00015-00006248-00006808 We can take 20 carts, we have space for that many, any more and it just gets very difficult +ODzm4wVlkJu-00016-00006808-00006983 to navigate. +ODzm4wVlkJu-00017-00006983-00007334 Uh I don’t know. +ODzm4wVlkJu-00018-00007334-00008314 I think its 155 bins and 20 shopping carts like I said, and should be 30 suitcases. +ODzm4wVlkJu-00019-00008314-00008958 What I did was I was volunteering here down here an in the kitchen for about three months +ODzm4wVlkJu-00020-00008958-00009447 and a position opened up here and because they saw my face around here so much , they +ODzm4wVlkJu-00021-00009447-00009664 asked me if I wanted to work. +ODzm4wVlkJu-00022-00009664-00010430 So I started working here, it’s been my saviour too , because I’ve been in and out +ODzm4wVlkJu-00023-00010430-00011001 of jail quite a lot and this is the first time I’ve been out for over a year, so this +ODzm4wVlkJu-00024-00011001-00011296 has been my saviour kind of thing, too, eh. +ODzm4wVlkJu-00025-00011296-00011863 Your gifts to the Mission and Service Fund, support First United and many other downtown +ODzm4wVlkJu-00026-00011863-00012136 outreach programs across the country. +ODzm4wVlkJu-00027-00012136-00012652 Giving people who live on the margins, dignity and respect. +ODzm4wVlkJu-00028-00012652-00012854 Thank you and please continue to give. +OF8MoCaauky-00000-00000000-00000690 one kilometer, this took us seven minutes. we were at exactly two kilometers. three kilometers now. +OF8MoCaauky-00001-00000690-00001476 I'm at four kilometers. okay, so we're now at one kilometer, this took us seven minutes, might be a +OF8MoCaauky-00002-00001476-00002076 new record, but we're not sure that we have been able to do this before. I'm just getting really +OF8MoCaauky-00003-00002076-00002718 tired now, reached that much in one kilometer. we were at exactly two kilometers, and this is out +OF8MoCaauky-00004-00002718-00003438 about six kilometers per Journey, and you know after the vending machines over here, and why +OF8MoCaauky-00005-00003438-00004104 are mosquitoes always landing on me. okay, so I've just ran three kilometers, I'm getting really tired +OF8MoCaauky-00006-00004104-00004686 I really want to take a break, but if you look at this, I've never been to this place before on. the +OF8MoCaauky-00007-00004686-00005568 cars left, they're just zooming by, so this truck didn't do that. I'm way too tired even to run. +OF8MoCaauky-00008-00005742-00006504 now I'm at four kilometers, and this is getting closer to our six kilometer goal. well, what. five +OF8MoCaauky-00009-00006504-00007272 kilometers. I might decide to do something else, so as a result of this, we're not done +OF8MoCaauky-00010-00007392-00008045 but it is getting closer. this is a scene for my video that I have never recorded +OF8MoCaauky-00011-00008045-00008544 before for five kilometers. and I just want to see if Phoenix is open or not. +OF8MoCaauky-00012-00008748-00009474 and then after this, I'm going to check if we can order anything from space, because they've +OF8MoCaauky-00013-00009474-00010074 never been there before. ah guys, I just hit six kilometers. I know that means. it's the end of our +OF8MoCaauky-00014-00010074-00010728 journey, but we're still not at home yet, because I propose to work out a couple of times. oops, sorry +OF8MoCaauky-00015-00010728-00011592 for that, and I am not as tired, as I actually am because even though I have drank some water. +OF8MoCaauky-00016-00011592-00012174 I regain some of that energy by taking a huge, small break and just walking around. +OJRBgWDyE48-00000-00001176-00001792 Design of location for movies and games +OJRBgWDyE48-00001-00004190-00004508 Snowflakes' modelling +OJRBgWDyE48-00002-00005718-00006190 Modeling and explosion of the energy ball +OJRBgWDyE48-00003-00007408-00007720 Animation and lipsync for character +OJRBgWDyE48-00004-00007945-00008145 Clean-up +OJRBgWDyE48-00005-00008404-00008610 Clean-up +OJRBgWDyE48-00006-00009180-00009548 Design of location for a movie +OJRBgWDyE48-00007-00009890-00010314 clean-up and location design +ORzg1XzV4w8-00000-00000000-00001500 MY MUSIC ON SPOTIFY👇🏾👇🏾 +ORakMfK_zoE-00000-00000900-00001500 Diane Schroeder, now Senior Vice President of HR, a long time ICANN employee. +ORakMfK_zoE-00001-00001500-00001880 Diane, how did you first become involved with ICANN? +ORakMfK_zoE-00002-00001881-00002536 In 2000, very early 2000s, Louis Touton, who was the first General Counsel, +ORakMfK_zoE-00003-00002536-00002796 had brunch with a friend of mine. +ORakMfK_zoE-00004-00002796-00003140 We used to work together about six years before that +ORakMfK_zoE-00005-00003140-00003515 and he asked how I was doing, and I had my own business, +ORakMfK_zoE-00006-00003515-00004126 and I had just had one of my larger clients relocate. +ORakMfK_zoE-00007-00004126-00004583 And I was looking for something to replace about 15% of my revenue +ORakMfK_zoE-00008-00004583-00005068 and he said, "Well do you think she can come up ten hours a week and help me set up the office?" +ORakMfK_zoE-00009-00005068-00005267 And I'm still there. +ORakMfK_zoE-00010-00005267-00005532 Diane, what was it like in those early days? +ORakMfK_zoE-00011-00005532-00005965 There weren't a lot of people around. At the time that I came on board, +ORakMfK_zoE-00012-00005965-00006286 there were really only five people: +ORakMfK_zoE-00013-00006286-00006905 the CEO, the General Counsel and the first policy person, +ORakMfK_zoE-00014-00006905-00007176 who was also the CFO because in those days, +ORakMfK_zoE-00015-00007176-00007682 you had to have three different people as officers in the state of California +ORakMfK_zoE-00016-00007682-00008021 and there were only three of them except for the receptionist. +ORakMfK_zoE-00017-00008021-00008400 So our first policy officer was our CFO at that point. +ORakMfK_zoE-00018-00008700-00009104 It was a small suite that we were subleasing from USC. +ORakMfK_zoE-00019-00009104-00009524 That's the USC building in Marina del Rey right? +ORakMfK_zoE-00020-00009524-00009966 In Marina del Rey, the early work that was all done on this was all done by Jon Postel's staff. +ORakMfK_zoE-00021-00009966-00010629 So when we started up, they continued to do the work on a loan to ICANN +ORakMfK_zoE-00022-00010629-00010959 until we could get funding. And then as we got funding, +ORakMfK_zoE-00023-00010959-00011433 we hired people and we sent John Postel's staff back to USC. +ORakMfK_zoE-00024-00011433-00011963 So Suzanne Woolf was one of them. John Postel was one of them. +ORakMfK_zoE-00025-00011963-00012548 There were a couple of other people who did stuff behind the scenes up at the USC offices. +ORakMfK_zoE-00026-00012548-00013093 So we started in this small little corner and every time we needed space, +ORakMfK_zoE-00027-00013093-00013484 for quite a long time actually, more than ten years, +ORakMfK_zoE-00028-00013484-00013845 USC gave us another little chunk of space somewhere. +ORakMfK_zoE-00029-00013845-00014633 And that's how we grew and eventually started bringing people on as the funding came in. +ORakMfK_zoE-00030-00014633-00014938 You mention funding, how tight was money? +ORakMfK_zoE-00031-00014938-00015318 Well, when I started, we had $75,000 in the bank. +ORakMfK_zoE-00032-00015318-00015823 and part of what I was asked to do was set up a financial system +ORakMfK_zoE-00033-00015823-00016293 because it was being run off a spreadsheet by Mike Roberts, the first CEO. +ORakMfK_zoE-00034-00016293-00016875 And the very first thing I was asked to do, +ORakMfK_zoE-00035-00016875-00017539 I was asked to build the test bed registrars for their very first invoices. +ORakMfK_zoE-00036-00017539-00018060 But I had no clue what a test bed registrar was, it was like total Greek to me. +ORakMfK_zoE-00037-00018060-00018865 And that was actually the very first invoices that went out. The funding for us came from that +ORakMfK_zoE-00038-00018865-00019710 and then as the registry contracts had been executed, we started invoicing them. +ORakMfK_zoE-00039-00019710-00020241 We operated really the first two years off of four large corporate loans that we were given +ORakMfK_zoE-00040-00020241-00020955 and we paid two of them back at the end of the first year and two of them were extended into a second year. +ORakMfK_zoE-00041-00020955-00021685 And by that point that we had enough funding coming on a regular basis from the registrars and the registrees +ORakMfK_zoE-00042-00021685-00022299 as well as some donations from the country codes and the RIRs. +ORakMfK_zoE-00043-00022299-00022711 We were able to repay those and fund on our own. +ORakMfK_zoE-00044-00022711-00023142 Were there ever times in those early days where you thought, +ORakMfK_zoE-00045-00023142-00023311 "You know what, we're not going to make it." +ORakMfK_zoE-00046-00023311-00023851 Not as an organization as a whole. Not make pay roll, yes. +ORakMfK_zoE-00047-00023851-00024418 because the cash flow wasn't steady because of the donation aspect of it +ORakMfK_zoE-00048-00024418-00025251 and the timing between quarterly registrar billings and every other week pay rolls. +ORakMfK_zoE-00049-00025251-00025692 There were a couple of times with pay rolls that I was working the phones going, +ORakMfK_zoE-00050-00025692-00025824 "Hi, you told me you were going to send a check. +ORakMfK_zoE-00051-00025824-00026331 When's the check coming?" And in fact, my very first international meeting +ORakMfK_zoE-00052-00026331-00026867 was Melbourne in 2001 and I got on the plane, +ORakMfK_zoE-00053-00026867-00027206 and this man sat down next to me and said, "Are you going to the ICANN meeting?" +ORakMfK_zoE-00054-00027206-00027483 because most of the people on the plane appeared to be. +ORakMfK_zoE-00055-00027483-00027924 And I said "yes" and he said, "My name's Bruce Beck," and I burst out laughing +ORakMfK_zoE-00056-00027924-00028388 because Bruce was with NSI in those days, who was the largest registrar +ORakMfK_zoE-00057-00028388-00028609 and I said, "You're going to love this. I'm Diane Schroeder. +ORakMfK_zoE-00058-00028609-00029272 I'm the woman that calls and bugs you about money all the time. I can do that all the way to Australia." +ORakMfK_zoE-00059-00029272-00029770 So he was very nice. We struck up a friendship right there and then +ORakMfK_zoE-00060-00029770-00030320 but to me, he was one of those people I needed to get the checks in from. +ORakMfK_zoE-00061-00030320-00030695 So aside from money, what were the biggest problems that you were facing? +ORakMfK_zoE-00062-00030695-00031054 Too much work and not enough people, which we still face, +ORakMfK_zoE-00063-00031054-00031609 but in those days when you had a very, very small staff, you did everything. +ORakMfK_zoE-00064-00031609-00032130 I mean, Louis was our webmaster, our General Counsel, ran our phone system, +ORakMfK_zoE-00065-00032130-00032879 I basically ran the meetings, ran HR and ran finance for three or four years +ORakMfK_zoE-00066-00032879-00033464 all at the same time until we really had enough funding in to kind of go to the next level. +ORakMfK_zoE-00067-00033464-00033728 That was probably our biggest problem. +ORakMfK_zoE-00068-00033728-00034259 A lot of time, just trying to establish legitimacy and being challenged +ORakMfK_zoE-00069-00034259-00034769 by people that didn't really want to see us succeed because they had their own agendas +ORakMfK_zoE-00070-00034769-00035497 in the space whether it be someone like Verisign who saw us in those days as a big threat. +ORakMfK_zoE-00071-00035497-00036205 Or the civil society groups who did not see us as -- +ORakMfK_zoE-00072-00036205-00037078 the path they wanted to see taken. People in public forums who were very, very contentious +ORakMfK_zoE-00073-00037078-00037292 about a lot of the issues in the early days. +ORakMfK_zoE-00074-00037292-00037809 So there was always this constant criticism in the early days. +ORakMfK_zoE-00075-00037809-00038238 So it sounds like what you're saying is the very legitimacy of ICANN +ORakMfK_zoE-00076-00038238-00038496 wasn't there from day one. It grew. +ORakMfK_zoE-00077-00038496-00039014 It grew. Absolutely not, and it really took a long time. +ORakMfK_zoE-00078-00039014-00039530 In some ways, it's still one of those things that we struggle with because +ORakMfK_zoE-00079-00039530-00039938 we're such a unique organization and we have a unique niche. +ORakMfK_zoE-00080-00039938-00040238 Going through the transition period, there were definitely people who +ORakMfK_zoE-00081-00040238-00040703 questioned the legitimacy at that point still +ORakMfK_zoE-00082-00040703-00041205 but usually because of their agendas and not what ICANN itself was doing. +ORakMfK_zoE-00083-00041205-00041812 How much of a hassle was it and how much were people scrambling +ORakMfK_zoE-00084-00041812-00042316 in the context of the very sudden and unexpected death of Jon Postel? +ORakMfK_zoE-00085-00042316-00042900 Well, he died before I came so I don't have as much context about that. +ORakMfK_zoE-00086-00042900-00043658 The piece that I know in the early days, we did get a lot of people who +ORakMfK_zoE-00087-00043658-00044203 purported to speak for what Jon would have done. "Oh, Jon would not have done it that way." +ORakMfK_zoE-00088-00044203-00045021 I know one of the early conversations was when John Crain joined us was about his title +ORakMfK_zoE-00089-00045021-00045172 because Jon Postel -- +ORakMfK_zoE-00090-00045172-00045325 John Crain, now one of our security people. +ORakMfK_zoE-00091-00045325-00045823 Correct. Jon Postel would have carried the CTO title as I understand it +ORakMfK_zoE-00092-00045823-00046317 and they proposed to give that to Crain. People were like, "Oh, no, nobody can have that. +ORakMfK_zoE-00093-00046317-00046824 That would have been Jon's title." So there was some of that type of talk +ORakMfK_zoE-00094-00046824-00047621 around Jon Postel when I came on board but I don't really know how they dealt with the other question. +ORakMfK_zoE-00095-00047621-00048051 Was there a point Diane, or maybe there wasn't, maybe it was just a gradual sort of thing, +ORakMfK_zoE-00096-00048051-00048351 was there a point where you thought the ball was rolling, we have a funding model figured out, +ORakMfK_zoE-00097-00048351-00049156 we're bound to grow. Was there such a point? +ORakMfK_zoE-00098-00049156-00049756 So I think one of the turning points for me in understanding and seeing the future +ORakMfK_zoE-00099-00049756-00050460 was when Stuart Lynn, who was our second CEO, proposed pretty much out of the blue +ORakMfK_zoE-00100-00050460-00051084 and on his own initiative that ICANN do what they call Evolution and Reform at that time. +ORakMfK_zoE-00101-00051084-00051805 And that was in 2002. He presented a plan to the community about, Ok, +ORakMfK_zoE-00102-00051805-00052168 we've tried it for a little while and we need to reorganize. +ORakMfK_zoE-00103-00052168-00052715 And that's when we moved some things like it went from the DNSO to the GNSO +ORakMfK_zoE-00104-00052715-00053165 and it went from being an outside organization to one that was supported in-house +ORakMfK_zoE-00105-00053165-00053686 where we really got the basic structure that we're in today. +ORakMfK_zoE-00106-00053686-00054449 I think the fact that it didn't make us fail as an organization, +ORakMfK_zoE-00107-00054449-00054726 because when you talk about changing what you're doing, +ORakMfK_zoE-00108-00054726-00055250 you open the door to people who want to take it apart. But instead, +ORakMfK_zoE-00109-00055250-00055996 it reformed, in a way, that actually led us down the path we're at today to where we've gotten to. +ORakMfK_zoE-00110-00055996-00056207 So I think that was one big turning point. +ORakMfK_zoE-00111-00056207-00056777 But this isn't just a regular startup. This is an organization whose primary role +ORakMfK_zoE-00112-00056777-00057141 was the organization, coordination of the internet's addressing system. +ORakMfK_zoE-00113-00057141-00057503 Correct, but there were people out there who wanted to see that done differently +ORakMfK_zoE-00114-00057503-00058215 and mostly because they had a commercial interest that they wanted to see succeed +ORakMfK_zoE-00115-00058215-00058634 or sometimes they had a personal agenda +ORakMfK_zoE-00116-00058634-00059042 believing that tech should be done a different way than we were doing the addressing. +ORakMfK_zoE-00117-00059042-00059876 And I really think that what Stuart did at that point was a big risk for the organization +ORakMfK_zoE-00118-00059876-00060238 because if you open the door and you go out into community consultation +ORakMfK_zoE-00119-00060238-00060748 to agree upon what your new format should be, it's just as easy to say, +ORakMfK_zoE-00120-00060748-00061532 "No format. You shouldn't be here." But I think it cemented us through the next period. +ORakMfK_zoE-00121-00061532-00062043 Shortly after that when Paul Twomey joined, then he proposed the new funding model +ORakMfK_zoE-00122-00062043-00062815 that took us from the three to five million dollar type of a budget up to 15 and then up to 25. +ORakMfK_zoE-00123-00062815-00063133 And that's really when we were starting to be able to resource well +ORakMfK_zoE-00124-00063133-00063477 to be able to support the work that we were trying to do. +ORakMfK_zoE-00125-00063477-00064125 How much concern was there internally about the US government specifically +ORakMfK_zoE-00126-00064125-00064372 and all other governments generally? +ORakMfK_zoE-00127-00064372-00064963 I don’t think it was concern as much as it was trying to have people +ORakMfK_zoE-00128-00064963-00065417 on both sides understand what an appropriate role would be for them. +ORakMfK_zoE-00129-00065417-00065905 With governments, they kind of want all or nothing, that’s what they are used to. +ORakMfK_zoE-00130-00065905-00066631 And with a lot of the people involved either in the commercial side or the civil society +ORakMfK_zoE-00131-00066631-00067175 registrant side of things, they didn’t want government interference in it. +ORakMfK_zoE-00132-00067175-00067767 And so the whole subject of the GAC and their role in it was pretty contentious +ORakMfK_zoE-00133-00067767-00068166 with a lot of the various groups in the early stages. +ORakMfK_zoE-00134-00068166-00068785 The fact that in the bylaws it has the provision about GAC advice needing to be accepted by the Board +ORakMfK_zoE-00135-00068785-00069251 sounded a little bit to people like, well, the governments have an in. +ORakMfK_zoE-00136-00069251-00069680 Governments are used, by their nature, they’re used to having the final word. +ORakMfK_zoE-00137-00069680-00070309 They’re use to being the voice. All of a sudden in ICANN, they are a voice but not the only voice. +ORakMfK_zoE-00138-00070309-00070924 Correct. Well in the early days, just writing the GAC communique used to take hours. +ORakMfK_zoE-00139-00070924-00071531 In Bucharest, the GAC communique went until like two in the morning one night +ORakMfK_zoE-00140-00071531-00072091 because you’re having all of these individuals, even though it was a much smaller group at that point, +ORakMfK_zoE-00141-00072091-00072489 who have to agree upon what the language in something is like. +ORakMfK_zoE-00142-00072489-00072990 And that’s very unique in the government world. You have the United Nations where they each have a vote +ORakMfK_zoE-00143-00072990-00073283 but they don’t come out with one document in the end. +ORakMfK_zoE-00144-00073283-00073831 So to have any group of governments, all of whom have different needs +ORakMfK_zoE-00145-00073831-00074260 and represent different constituencies, so to speak, +ORakMfK_zoE-00146-00074260-00074769 come together and issue one statement is something I don’t think you see anywhere else. +ORakMfK_zoE-00147-00074769-00075100 Well you’re hitting on an area that I was wondering about because +ORakMfK_zoE-00148-00075100-00075659 the multi-stakeholder model is such a funky creature. I mean, it’s just not well understood +ORakMfK_zoE-00149-00075659-00076231 by anybody who has not participated in it. What kind of task was it +ORakMfK_zoE-00150-00076231-00077014 to convey understanding of this unique model to not just governments but everyone else? +ORakMfK_zoE-00151-00077014-00077910 Well, I really think that we still struggle with that. I think it’s something that we take a little bit for granted, +ORakMfK_zoE-00152-00077910-00078373 the people that work with it all the time not just within ICANN but within the constituencies, +ORakMfK_zoE-00153-00078373-00078748 about how strange it appears to people outside the world. +ORakMfK_zoE-00154-00078748-00079505 I saw a chat in passing this morning from some of the conversations at the GAC today +ORakMfK_zoE-00155-00079505-00079966 where somebody’s comment was “We need to do a better job of educating +ORakMfK_zoE-00156-00079966-00080367 some of the newer GAC members on what it is that we really do.” +ORakMfK_zoE-00157-00080367-00080976 You have governments, in particular, where the people that come to the meetings +ORakMfK_zoE-00158-00080976-00081578 will change as governments change. You don’t necessarily have the same person representing +ORakMfK_zoE-00159-00081578-00082027 a country for a long period of time and you may get a minister one time +ORakMfK_zoE-00160-00082027-00082476 and you may get a lower level person the next time and they may have a complete different understanding +ORakMfK_zoE-00161-00082476-00083275 of what the multi-stakeholder model is and what you actually can do within it without the consultations that go on. +ORakMfK_zoE-00162-00083275-00083721 So I think we still struggle a bit with how we explain it clearly +ORakMfK_zoE-00163-00083721-00084137 from the perspective of the person looking into it, +ORakMfK_zoE-00164-00084137-00084527 because that perspective is very different among the various groups. +ORakMfK_zoE-00165-00084527-00084970 There are some people who honestly believe that we’re just here to make the money +ORakMfK_zoE-00166-00084970-00085352 and then there are a whole lot of people that have a much different -- +ORakMfK_zoE-00167-00085352-00085830 you have the people that have the mission of keeping the internet open and keeping it stable. +ORakMfK_zoE-00168-00085830-00086234 So you have that tension there. The governments, the control, +ORakMfK_zoE-00169-00086234-00086608 the money and then the people with really the passion for it. +ORakMfK_zoE-00170-00086608-00086763 Quite a mismatch of interests. +ORakMfK_zoE-00171-00086763-00086821 Yeah. +ORakMfK_zoE-00172-00086821-00087502 A two-part question: What was the greatest challenge in the early days? +ORakMfK_zoE-00173-00087502-00087812 You mentioned the funding. Perhaps it was that, perhaps it was something else, +ORakMfK_zoE-00174-00087812-00088398 and fast forward to today. What is the greatest challenge for the organization today? +ORakMfK_zoE-00175-00088398-00088856 I think in the beginning it was not getting distracted by all of the forces +ORakMfK_zoE-00176-00088856-00089345 that were really kind of trying to bring us down as an organization, +ORakMfK_zoE-00177-00089345-00089870 and trying to take away any of the legitimacy that we had established, +ORakMfK_zoE-00178-00089870-00090367 because we would get attacked, so to speak, on multiple forces. +ORakMfK_zoE-00179-00090367-00091298 There were various players in that world who were funding people behind the scenes that weren’t obvious. +ORakMfK_zoE-00180-00091298-00091836 Some of the user groups in the early days had members that had been funded +ORakMfK_zoE-00181-00091836-00092503 by some of the commercial interests to come and really raise questions +ORakMfK_zoE-00182-00092503-00092795 from all angles about ICANN and what you’re doing. +ORakMfK_zoE-00183-00092795-00093521 Today, I think it is trying to be too many things to too many people. +ORakMfK_zoE-00184-00093521-00094330 We only have so many resources, we only have so much bandwidth mentally. +ORakMfK_zoE-00185-00094330-00094983 So as we get into this age where things are very, very complex in the world +ORakMfK_zoE-00186-00094983-00095408 and you just take the data privacy issues alone, +ORakMfK_zoE-00187-00095408-00095708 that can really absorb a lot of time and resources dealing with that. +ORakMfK_zoE-00188-00095708-00096522 At the same time we’re looking at people who want the next round of the new gTLDs to come out, +ORakMfK_zoE-00189-00096522-00097009 we’re doing the KSK rollover, you’ve got all of these various pieces +ORakMfK_zoE-00190-00097009-00098056 and how do you prioritize it so that your resources are really helping you to get to the best end results? +ORakMfK_zoE-00191-00098056-00098522 So what I’m hearing you say is it sounds like sometimes we need to learn how to say no. +ORakMfK_zoE-00192-00098522-00098873 We need to learn how to say no and we need to learn how to make the +ORakMfK_zoE-00193-00098873-00099533 participants in the multi-stakeholder model understand that they may have a really good point +ORakMfK_zoE-00194-00099533-00100186 and a useful point of view but that isn’t something that we can necessarily tackle today. +ORakMfK_zoE-00195-00100186-00100638 Let’s talk about you, personally. 20 years you’ve been there. +ORakMfK_zoE-00196-00100638-00100739 17. +ORakMfK_zoE-00197-00100739-00101190 Seen an amazing transition in the organization. +ORakMfK_zoE-00198-00101190-00101325 Six CEOs. +ORakMfK_zoE-00199-00101325-00101680 Six CEOs. Why are you still there? +ORakMfK_zoE-00200-00101680-00102206 The people. That’s easily the very first thing., and I am never bored. +ORakMfK_zoE-00201-00102206-00102716 So any time I’ve been at that point where you get in a job and you’re think, +ORakMfK_zoE-00202-00102716-00103027 “Hmm, it’s time to get something else because I’m getting a little too comfortable,” +ORakMfK_zoE-00203-00103027-00103643 ICANN has offered me that opportunity because the organization has evolved. +ORakMfK_zoE-00204-00103643-00104554 And so I supported the Board for four years. I wanted to change my pace, +ORakMfK_zoE-00205-00104554-00105198 that was a very challenging role, time-wise. You’ve got Board members all over the world, +ORakMfK_zoE-00206-00105198-00105597 you’ve got committee meetings at 4AM in the morning, my time, +ORakMfK_zoE-00207-00105597-00105911 and I was getting older and I wanted to cut my pace back. +ORakMfK_zoE-00208-00105911-00106637 So I looked around and there was an opening in the organization so I stayed with the organization. +ORakMfK_zoE-00209-00106637-00107068 Every time I’ve needed to do that, I’ve been enough lucky that there has been something at ICANN +ORakMfK_zoE-00210-00107068-00107431 that has fit my needs as well as me fitting the organization’s needs. +ORakMfK_zoE-00211-00107431-00108367 But the real thing is the people. I’ve met the most fascinating, smart, nice people through this whole process. +ORakMfK_zoE-00212-00108367-00108932 I’ve met -- I’m a milkman’s daughter, my mom worked in retail, +ORakMfK_zoE-00213-00108932-00109471 and I’ve met the president of Estonia and the president of Uruguay and Bill Clinton. Who’d thought? +ORakMfK_zoE-00214-00109471-00110359 I’ve met people who do this out of passion, I’ve met people who +ORakMfK_zoE-00215-00110359-00110901 are multimillionaires because of the businesses that they have built around it +ORakMfK_zoE-00216-00110901-00111265 and there’s really not much difference in distinction between them. +ORakMfK_zoE-00217-00111265-00111801 We’re really fairly classless as an organization and that really appeals to me. +ORakMfK_zoE-00218-00111801-00112208 And people have a lot of passion about it, for better or for worse sometimes. +ORakMfK_zoE-00219-00112208-00112682 Let me ask you a softball as Senior VP of HR. +ORakMfK_zoE-00220-00112682-00113287 Is the organization as committed to people as Diane Schroeder herself is? +ORakMfK_zoE-00221-00113287-00114100 Oh, I absolutely believe it and I think it’s one reason that we continue to be a fairly successful organization +ORakMfK_zoE-00222-00114100-00114642 people-wise is that even if people don’t really understand what we do when they come in, +ORakMfK_zoE-00223-00114642-00115393 the passion that we have as well as the commitment of the organization to people in general -- +ORakMfK_zoE-00224-00115393-00116158 as we developed over the years as an organization, most of our funding went to our outside work. +ORakMfK_zoE-00225-00116158-00116574 If you didn’t do the outside work well, you didn’t need an inside structure. +ORakMfK_zoE-00226-00116574-00117454 So we didn’t build up HR, Finance, IT. When we got to the point where Fadi joined us +ORakMfK_zoE-00227-00117454-00118373 and we doubled in size in 18 months and we went from about 130 to 260 staff, it broke. +ORakMfK_zoE-00228-00118373-00118886 It broke that foundation that didn’t exist. But Fadi had the foresight to say, +ORakMfK_zoE-00229-00118886-00119685 “Ok, I need to give you the resources.” And he did. HR went from four people and I have 15 now. +ORakMfK_zoE-00230-00119685-00120368 Finance the same, IT the same. By doing that, he showed a commitment to people. +ORakMfK_zoE-00231-00120368-00121064 Goran has the same commitment to people. Our people come first, we try to do what we can to help. +ORakMfK_zoE-00232-00121064-00121626 I really, truly believe we are an ICANN family and we’ve been able to keep that feeling +ORakMfK_zoE-00233-00121626-00122419 no matter how spread out and diverse we are and it’s one of the things that people really focus on. +ORakMfK_zoE-00234-00122419-00122946 I can’t tell you why we’ve been successful in doing it but we don’t want to lose that aspect of it +ORakMfK_zoE-00235-00122946-00123377 as we do the work that we have to do and the work changes. +ORakMfK_zoE-00236-00123377-00124051 Ira Magaziner, the Clinton administration official who arguably could be considered the father of ICANN, +ORakMfK_zoE-00237-00124051-00124735 when I posed the question to Magaziner about what do you see as the greatest risk to ICANN moving forward, +ORakMfK_zoE-00238-00124735-00125209 he said something to the effect of if ICANN becomes very self-impressed +ORakMfK_zoE-00239-00125209-00125663 or if it becomes too bureaucratic and too big. What do you think about that? +ORakMfK_zoE-00240-00125663-00126680 Well, I think that’s definitely true. I feel very much like if we lose the passion, +ORakMfK_zoE-00241-00126680-00127145 which is what I think you do if you become that type of an organization, +ORakMfK_zoE-00242-00127145-00127734 I think that you will lose a lot of the committed staff. It’s a very hard job +ORakMfK_zoE-00243-00127734-00128230 and it’s a very hard job at any level that you have. It’s very fast paced. +ORakMfK_zoE-00244-00128230-00128919 It’s very diverse so you have to be thinking about a lot of aspects at any given time. +ORakMfK_zoE-00245-00128919-00129659 It’s a lot of different agendas coming in and you have to try to balance those +ORakMfK_zoE-00246-00129659-00130072 and you have to really be able to see the big picture. +ORakMfK_zoE-00247-00130072-00130559 And there are people that don’t fit well with the organization. +ORakMfK_zoE-00248-00130559-00130952 They will come in and they will find that it’s just not for them +ORakMfK_zoE-00249-00130952-00131414 and I admire the fact that sometimes they identify that early enough on. +ORakMfK_zoE-00250-00131414-00132258 And then sometimes they’re lost for a little bit and usually either through mentoring in the department +ORakMfK_zoE-00251-00132258-00132713 or getting involved with somebody in one of the other departments, +ORakMfK_zoE-00252-00132713-00133421 they start to see where they fit into the picture. And I hope that will keep us from doing that. +ORakMfK_zoE-00253-00133421-00134086 We do have to find a way, however, to balance the tremendous pressure +ORakMfK_zoE-00254-00134086-00134971 to be everything to everybody against limited resources and people who need to have lives, +ORakMfK_zoE-00255-00134971-00135614 so to speak. It isn’t the organization that it was when I joined where you had to do everything 24/7 +ORakMfK_zoE-00256-00135614-00136057 and I think that we’re still struggling how to find that balance. +ORakMfK_zoE-00257-00136057-00136532 Diane Schroeder, one of the first employees of ICANN. Thank you very much for taking the time. +ORakMfK_zoE-00258-00136532-00136642 You’re welcome Brad. +OSZjHZ011aY-00000-00000000-00000200 RTX 4070 Cyberpunk 2077 i5-13600K +OY12djY1px4-00000-00017898-00018671 I'm going to transition it to English, to introduce our guest of today. And our guests +OY12djY1px4-00001-00018671-00019441 is a very special person, he's a very close, very dear friend of mine. And on top of being +OY12djY1px4-00002-00019441-00020154 a great friend of mine, he is my colleague. He is also a professor at Crummer, and he +OY12djY1px4-00003-00020154-00020613 is also a professor of Operations Management at Crummer, so we work together. +OY12djY1px4-00004-00020613-00021446 I have the privilege of working together with Dr. Keenan Yoho. Keenan has an impressive +OY12djY1px4-00005-00021446-00022681 range of different experiences, ranging from many, many industries. And, more interestingly, +OY12djY1px4-00006-00022681-00023431 or also interestingly, crossing the border between the civil world and the military world, +OY12djY1px4-00007-00023431-00023840 and that's part of what we are going to explore with him today. +OY12djY1px4-00008-00023840-00024858 So, Keenan, welcome! Thank you so much for making time for us today. And if I can ask +OY12djY1px4-00009-00024858-00025883 you to just take our viewers through a jorney that you are, you know, going through ever +OY12djY1px4-00010-00025883-00026407 since you earned your PhD, just for them to know the breadth of different experiences +OY12djY1px4-00011-00026407-00026541 and knowlegde that you have. +OY12djY1px4-00012-00026630-00027239 - Ok. Thanks, Dr. Correa, the privilege is all mine when it comes to working together. So +OY12djY1px4-00013-00027239-00027626 I appreciate you having me on the evening. +OY12djY1px4-00014-00027626-00028440 I came about operations, I grew up in a town that had 5 factories when I was growing up, +OY12djY1px4-00015-00028440-00028858 and by the time I was a sophomore in high school, there were no factores left in that +OY12djY1px4-00016-00028858-00029497 town. But I was very, very interested in manufacturing and making manufacturing competitive because +OY12djY1px4-00017-00029497-00029900 these jobs provide a really good living for their workers. +OY12djY1px4-00018-00029900-00030498 I went to undergraduate a school at Temple University and actually it was a liberal arts +OY12djY1px4-00019-00030498-00031030 major. I majored in religion, with a concentration in Chinese and Japanese Buddhism, but as I +OY12djY1px4-00020-00031030-00031730 tell people there weren't a lot of jobs in that area, so I ended up later on at the University +OY12djY1px4-00021-00031730-00032480 of Wisconsin, getting my MBA in operations and technology management and minoring in +OY12djY1px4-00022-00032480-00032627 industrial engeneering. +OY12djY1px4-00023-00032627-00033295 And from there I went to the RAND Corporation, in Santa Monica, California, really to support +OY12djY1px4-00024-00033295-00033725 the army and the air force in the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, so... +OY12djY1px4-00025-00033725-00034448 Largely, what we were doing at that time were building algorithms to determinate the types +OY12djY1px4-00026-00034448-00034904 of spare parts that would go in the most foward inventories on the ground, in the theater +OY12djY1px4-00027-00034904-00035425 in Iraq and Afghanistan and those problems, there are 20 foot shipping containers with +OY12djY1px4-00028-00035425-00035957 5 different bin sizes, so that's an operations, you know, we call that a knapsack problem. +OY12djY1px4-00029-00035957-00036585 The demand was random, some units that would be on the ground, maybe it would be an armored +OY12djY1px4-00030-00036585-00037423 brigade. You're storing a tank tracks and road wheels, and such, and then, later, what +OY12djY1px4-00031-00037423-00037756 would rotate in on that might be a helicopter, a brigade. +OY12djY1px4-00032-00037756-00038357 So now suddenly you're swapping in helicopter parts. So the demand was random, non-stationary, +OY12djY1px4-00033-00038357-00038897 it was a knapsack problem and it was a multi-issue problem. Meanwhile those 20 foot +OY12djY1px4-00034-00038897-00039170 shipping containers are moving all around the battlefield. +OY12djY1px4-00035-00039170-00039916 So, turned out it was a very complicated and analytical problem. But from an execution +OY12djY1px4-00036-00039916-00040536 standpoint and, you know, making sure that we were affective in supporting the army, +OY12djY1px4-00037-00040536-00040892 and that were a lot of managerial issues, we had to adress as well. +OY12djY1px4-00038-00040892-00041449 And there were a host of other problems that came up during that time from how do we manage +OY12djY1px4-00039-00041449-00041881 the 20 foot shipping containers that were out there, when they were empty, getting them +OY12djY1px4-00040-00041881-00042267 back to the port. So, there was a whole detention problem. You can think of that as almost like +OY12djY1px4-00041-00042267-00042913 late fees on library books, or something else. Things from maintenance standpoint with aircraft, +OY12djY1px4-00042-00042944-00043318 how do you minimize unplanned maintenance? +OY12djY1px4-00043-00043318-00043888 So you have scheduled maintenance over time. Maybe it's based on flight hours, maybe it's +OY12djY1px4-00044-00043888-00044377 based on calendar time, what they would call ian isochronal schedule based on the calendar. +OY12djY1px4-00045-00044480-00045103 And on one hand you didn't want to take the planes out of operation for scheduled maintenance, +OY12djY1px4-00046-00045103-00045702 so you don't want to expend that period, but as you expend the window of planned maintenance, +OY12djY1px4-00047-00045702-00046150 now you have the possibility of unplanned maintenance coming in. So, how do you kind +OY12djY1px4-00048-00046150-00046578 of optimize that plan schedule to minimize unplanned maintenance? +OY12djY1px4-00049-00046578-00046830 - So there are well quotes for aircraft, right? +OY12djY1px4-00050-00046830-00047315 - Yes, yes! So there are a host of those types of problems, and then, later on, I was at +OY12djY1px4-00051-00047315-00047713 the Naval post graduate school and from there I was ask to come to US Special Operations +OY12djY1px4-00052-00047713-00048328 command in Tampa, Florida, and work on a Special Team, for the commander there, who happened +OY12djY1px4-00053-00048328-00048825 to be at the time, a Navy Admiral, for the purpose of transforming all of US Special +OY12djY1px4-00054-00048825-00049395 Operations and the relationship of US Special Operations and its partner forces around the world. +OY12djY1px4-00055-00049395-00050253 And so that a bigger problem and encapsulated, not only in logistics and supply chain, but +OY12djY1px4-00056-00050254-00050930 things like basing, things like authority and agreements, organizational structures, +OY12djY1px4-00057-00050932-00051528 or a whole host of things that are in there, which I see is largely, you know, all a piece +OY12djY1px4-00058-00051528-00052188 of supply chain. When you think of everything from the demand, where the customer is all +OY12djY1px4-00059-00052189-00052500 the way back into the sourcing. +OY12djY1px4-00060-00052598-00052969 - That's fascinating. Oh, I'm sorry. I thoughtyou had finished. +OY12djY1px4-00061-00052970-00053483 - No, that's that, I was just going to say that that's in a nutshell, where I was and +OY12djY1px4-00062-00053485-00053570 where I've been.; +OY12djY1px4-00063-00053570-00054881 - Then you joined us at Rollins, much to our happiness. So, maybe some of our audiences +OY12djY1px4-00064-00054882-00055478 members might not know, but you went from Temple University to one of the temples of +OY12djY1px4-00065-00055481-00056222 operations research, actually. A lot of important things happened or were created in the RAND +OY12djY1px4-00066-00056224-00057090 Corporation about operations research. And also it is important for students in this +OY12djY1px4-00067-00057092-00057646 field to know that at least operations research and many other initiatives were actually born +OY12djY1px4-00068-00057646-00058171 military, during the second world war, and the British Navy. And then it went from there, +OY12djY1px4-00069-00058173-00058825 it turned civil, and developed into what we call analytics nowadays. But at that time +OY12djY1px4-00070-00058827-00059759 it was called operations research. So fascinating your breadth of different experiences, Keenan. +OY12djY1px4-00071-00059760-00060573 Let me ask you some more specific things. You told us you have a lot of experience in +OY12djY1px4-00072-00060574-00061261 operations and supply chain in military operations, and more recently you supported like the US +OY12djY1px4-00073-00061263-00062118 top commander of special operations in aspects related to logistics, supply chain as a whole, +OY12djY1px4-00074-00062119-00063243 as you said so rightly. Can you tell us about, because many people might not be aware what +OY12djY1px4-00075-00063243-00064014 special operations is and what's the importance of Special Ops to modern warfare? And let +OY12djY1px4-00076-00064015-00064577 me just clarify one thing: Keenan is very humble, but he, on top of everything that +OY12djY1px4-00077-00064577-00065402 he does, he's also the vice president of the Special Operations Forces Foundation. So, +OY12djY1px4-00078-00065403-00066149 he's very knowledgeable about many things, but he's certainly an expert in Special Ops, +OY12djY1px4-00079-00066152-00066423 just as an introduction. +OY12djY1px4-00080-00066477-00067093 - Thanks Henrique. So, yes, the global Special Operations Forces Foundation is the National +OY12djY1px4-00081-00067093-00067681 Military Association for all Special Operations forces in the US. And when I say Special Operations +OY12djY1px4-00082-00067682-00068475 Forces in the United States, what we mean are the US Army, Special Operations Forces, +OY12djY1px4-00083-00068477-00069209 which you can think of as the green Berets. Also, that would include the U S army ranger +OY12djY1px4-00084-00069211-00070020 regiments. That also includes the US Navy seals and air force special operations command, +OY12djY1px4-00085-00070021-00070497 which includes not only their pilots, but their tactical operators that are on the ground, +OY12djY1px4-00086-00070499-00070717 and then Marine Corps special operations command. +OY12djY1px4-00087-00070717-00071448 So there's a whole host... And that within the army, you also have the special operations +OY12djY1px4-00088-00071448-00072085 aviation regiment. So there's a whole host of forces from each one of the services: the +OY12djY1px4-00089-00072086-00072872 army Navy, air force and then the Marines, which are, are part of the Navy. And so, each +OY12djY1px4-00090-00072874-00073313 one of those has its own special operations, what we would call components. +OY12djY1px4-00091-00073314-00074164 And, so... Why have those? The legacy and history of each one of the special operations +OY12djY1px4-00092-00074166-00074541 forces and each one of the services is a little bit different, and the role of each one of +OY12djY1px4-00093-00074541-00075125 those units is a bit different. The green Berets, the army special operations forces, +OY12djY1px4-00094-00075126-00075682 they have as one of their missions direct action that's when, what you see in a lot +OY12djY1px4-00095-00075684-00076196 of popular films where people are fast roping out of helicopters, are kicking in doors and +OY12djY1px4-00096-00076196-00076826 rescuing hostages. But the other really, really important mission that the green Berets have +OY12djY1px4-00097-00076828-00077300 are, and their motto, De oppresso liber, liberate the oppressed. This is +OY12djY1px4-00098-00077303-00078244 really to work with indigenous populations to help overthrow oppressive regimes. +OY12djY1px4-00099-00078245-00078942 So, they did a lot of work, of course in Vietnam, where some of the earliest forces in Vietnam, +OY12djY1px4-00100-00078944-00079489 and so that's a big part of their. They do a lot of training of other forces and partner +OY12djY1px4-00101-00079491-00080240 forces, and really being on the ground and developing organically indigenous forces. +OY12djY1px4-00102-00080240-00080720 So, that's a big part of there's, the army Rangers more of a direct action force taking +OY12djY1px4-00103-00080721-00081177 down airfields and the such ans, and the same with the Navy seals have more of a direct +OY12djY1px4-00104-00081180-00081748 action mission and the air force, special operations command, everything from insertion, +OY12djY1px4-00105-00081749-00082522 rescue, direct action from some of their gunship platforms, to intelligence surveillance and +OY12djY1px4-00106-00082522-00082629 reconnaissance. +OY12djY1px4-00107-00082630-00083793 So, a wide spectrum of capabilities, and, to be used for everything, from building indigenous +OY12djY1px4-00108-00083794-00084264 forces with small light footprints, sending in 10 people, of course, many people know +OY12djY1px4-00109-00084266-00084721 about the horse soldiers in Afghanistan, the first soldiers that went into Afghanistan +OY12djY1px4-00110-00084723-00085395 after the United States was attacked on September 11th, 2001, where army green Berets. And they +OY12djY1px4-00111-00085395-00086516 parachuted in, then were meetup with the Northern Alliance and on horseback, fought the Taliban +OY12djY1px4-00112-00086519-00086746 to take down the Taliban. +OY12djY1px4-00113-00086833-00087310 So, those types of missions to direct action, those are all of really they're, the bread +OY12djY1px4-00114-00087312-00087831 and butter of their expertise. So why are these forces important now? And this is a +OY12djY1px4-00115-00087833-00088521 big question as the United States moves into a... It's national security strategy and its +OY12djY1px4-00116-00088523-00088938 defense strategy focused on what they're calling great power competition, which is really focused +OY12djY1px4-00117-00088940-00089803 on China and Russia. And the reason why special operations forces are so important these days it's twofold. +OY12djY1px4-00118-00089804-00090507 One, is that, in the missile age, when you can now take a missile and projected 3000 +OY12djY1px4-00119-00090509-00091191 nautical miles and hit within a 10 meter radius because of precision strike capabilities and +OY12djY1px4-00120-00091193-00091771 GPS, and other things, you have to now disperse your forces and smaller, and smaller, more +OY12djY1px4-00121-00091774-00092412 distributed, more capable footprints. It's no longer this kind of Napoleonic warfare +OY12djY1px4-00122-00092413-00092942 where it's just force on force. And we saw the Iraqi army saw how that worked for them +OY12djY1px4-00123-00092943-00093520 in 1992. And it just... That was really a demonstration of what, in the US, is sometimes +OY12djY1px4-00124-00093520-00094037 referred to as a revolution in military affairs, which is this kind of precision strike regime +OY12djY1px4-00125-00094038-00094447 that the US built up from the eighties through the nineties. +OY12djY1px4-00126-00094448-00095031 So now that you can do that, you can hit with precision something very, very far away, you +OY12djY1px4-00127-00095034-00095642 have to disperse. And so, now, I think that the future of warfare looks more like that.. +OY12djY1px4-00128-00095645-00096206 Now, and also layer in autonomous systems that is smaller forces, more distributed, +OY12djY1px4-00129-00096207-00096996 more capable. The other part is that, throughout the cold war, we relied upon special operations +OY12djY1px4-00130-00097000-00097691 forces constantly, because a lot of what's going on in a great power competition, our +OY12djY1px4-00131-00097691-00098385 information operations, you know, undermining the legitimacy of your competitor, you know, +OY12djY1px4-00132-00098387-00099205 in different places around the world, helping forces that may be aggravated by your competitor +OY12djY1px4-00133-00099206-00099833 to be more effective in resisting them. So all these things are going to require, you +OY12djY1px4-00134-00099833-00100447 know, special operations forces to be effective. So, that's why they are important in, in the +OY12djY1px4-00135-00100447-00101194 future. So the smaller, more capable of distributed aspect, but then also the ability to work +OY12djY1px4-00136-00101196-00101960 with partners and other forces that may have similar interests to our own and resisting +OY12djY1px4-00137-00102023-00102304 those that we are in a strategic competition with. +OY12djY1px4-00138-00102370-00103219 - Fascinating, thank you very much for this introduction. And now let's go back to learning +OY12djY1px4-00139-00103222-00104214 from the military to apply lessons in the Seaville world. Keenan, you're very experienced +OY12djY1px4-00140-00104215-00105018 in supply chains for military operations, traditional military operations in special +OY12djY1px4-00141-00105020-00105862 forces. How different is it to manage the operations and supply chain for special operations +OY12djY1px4-00142-00105865-00106295 and operations and supply chain for traditional military operations? +OY12djY1px4-00143-00106408-00106923 - That's a great question. And as you mentioned earlier at the Rand corporation, around that +OY12djY1px4-00144-00106926-00107627 time in the late, around the mid 1950s through the sixties, were really a golden era in terms +OY12djY1px4-00145-00107628-00108488 of developing theory and methods for managing inventory and material from spare parts to +OY12djY1px4-00146-00108489-00109185 just consumables or things that you consume. So there was a lot of mathematics developed +OY12djY1px4-00147-00109186-00109766 around that time, that some of which we couldn't even fully implement, because we just didn't +OY12djY1px4-00148-00109766-00109896 have the computing power. +OY12djY1px4-00149-00109898-00110423 And now that the computing power has caught up to the ideas and the math, it's really, +OY12djY1px4-00150-00110425-00110877 really a good time to be in that area. But the biggest difference between them is that +OY12djY1px4-00151-00110878-00111514 our systems, previously through the cold war and then, and there thereafter were built +OY12djY1px4-00152-00111516-00112262 for efficiency, it was built for projecting large forces over great distances and sustaining +OY12djY1px4-00153-00112265-00112455 them for prolonged periods of time. +OY12djY1px4-00154-00112457-00112909 So, you know, think about the D-Day invasion, where it's, you know, you're trying to project +OY12djY1px4-00155-00112912-00113847 mass and large forces across a great geographical expanse and do it very, very efficiently and +OY12djY1px4-00156-00113847-00114357 consistently. So you're wanting to do it cheaply, and consistently and large volumes. The big +OY12djY1px4-00157-00114359-00115145 difference with supporting special operations forces is you have small forces that are distributed. +OY12djY1px4-00158-00115147-00115448 And so it's hard to get scale efficiency that way. +OY12djY1px4-00159-00115450-00116076 The other big difference is that, when you're projecting a large numbers of conventional +OY12djY1px4-00160-00116076-00116786 forces, a lot of the commodities that they use, you know, the weapons, the uniforms, +OY12djY1px4-00161-00116786-00117507 the ammunition, all of these types of vehicles that they have, they are common, and there +OY12djY1px4-00162-00117509-00118181 are large quantities of them. And the special operations forces they're often using equipment +OY12djY1px4-00163-00118181-00118882 and gear. That's less common and maybe even, you know, highly variable. +OY12djY1px4-00164-00118882-00119576 And I'll give you an example. Explore explosive ordinance disposal teams often are part of +OY12djY1px4-00165-00119576-00120360 a special operations detachment or group of people that will be deployed. And explosive +OY12djY1px4-00166-00120360-00120807 ordinance disposal, there is a lot of technology and tools that are being rapidly developed +OY12djY1px4-00167-00120809-00121311 over time, because, as they're learning, they're using things that are commercial off the shelf, +OY12djY1px4-00168-00121313-00121851 things that you might find, you know, at a home Depot or at a camping store, or, you +OY12djY1px4-00169-00121852-00122202 know, another electronics source. +OY12djY1px4-00170-00122203-00122735 And, so, they're trying to integrate these things in that are not part of the regular +OY12djY1px4-00171-00122738-00123123 inventory. What's on stock, what's on the shelf for the rest of the military. So you +OY12djY1px4-00172-00123123-00123543 have that aspect where you're doing this rapid procurement of things that are just coming +OY12djY1px4-00173-00123545-00124167 out in our new, much more so, and you have a lot of other non-standard things from munitions +OY12djY1px4-00174-00124167-00124404 to optics, to even their uniforms. +OY12djY1px4-00175-00124404-00124888 So, you have that part where they have a different assortment of items that you're trying to +OY12djY1px4-00176-00124890-00125658 fulfill. In some cases, even a broader range, but in a much smaller volume. So, for the +OY12djY1px4-00177-00125659-00126062 conventional military is designed for efficiency and mass. For the special operations, it's +OY12djY1px4-00178-00126062-00127103 really designed for a small volume, high mix of items and small footprint. +OY12djY1px4-00179-00127105-00127604 So in some cases, you know, you're not going to be able to, the way you build up a conventional +OY12djY1px4-00180-00127606-00128231 force, you know, behind the front lines, there would be, you know, supply chains of trucks, +OY12djY1px4-00181-00128232-00128795 moving things that are coming in from airfields that are... Or ship yards in the rear. And +OY12djY1px4-00182-00128797-00129265 these small distributed forces that are forward. You may need to airdrop things in, or you +OY12djY1px4-00183-00129266-00129582 may need to fly it in with a turboprop aircraft. +OY12djY1px4-00184-00129583-00130213 So it's just... The delivery is different. So the distribution chain is different. The +OY12djY1px4-00185-00130215-00130924 mix, the product mix is different, from a variety standpoint and the volume, and the +OY12djY1px4-00186-00130924-00131367 demand is different. So it just... It's smaller. So you're not built for efficiency, you need +OY12djY1px4-00187-00131368-00132305 to build for responsiveness, I would say is the primary. And the ability to insert in +OY12djY1px4-00188-00132306-00132799 an austere environment. And in some cases you don't, you want to be able to insert the +OY12djY1px4-00189-00132799-00133613 supplies in a way that, you know, you're not.. It's not obvious, that's what you're doing. +OY12djY1px4-00190-00133616-00134394 - That's so fascinating. You even use the terms like efficient and responsive. So that gives +OY12djY1px4-00191-00134397-00135268 me an opportunity to hear from you and learn from you. What do you think that are the lessons +OY12djY1px4-00192-00135269-00136269 that can be learned from the military operations? Who in a way you are describing to us, they +OY12djY1px4-00193-00136269-00136873 have segmented supply chains. Supply chains with different objectives, with different +OY12djY1px4-00194-00136873-00137664 characteristics, remarkably different. So we hear a bit about segmenting supply chains +OY12djY1px4-00195-00137664-00138798 for companies and so on. So do you think these lessons can be applied to the civil world? +OY12djY1px4-00196-00138799-00140180 Like corporations, with different market, different products, maybe they might need +OY12djY1px4-00197-00140181-00140322 different supply chains? +OY12djY1px4-00198-00140388-00141297 - Yes. So, I think that one of the big differences is that, even in e-commerce versus, you know, +OY12djY1px4-00199-00141299-00141951 your standard big box or brick and mortar stores, you have a very, very different type +OY12djY1px4-00200-00141953-00142519 of system for delivery, the distribution centers, the design is different. So let me give an +OY12djY1px4-00201-00142519-00143143 example from just Walmart and Amazon. So Walmart supply chain is designed... Their distribution +OY12djY1px4-00202-00143145-00144074 centers are designed to pick and pack items among a very relatively narrow assortment +OY12djY1px4-00203-00144074-00144811 of products. So, typically, they, in their stores, they stock the top five market leaders. +OY12djY1px4-00204-00144812-00145318 This is how they've gotten their velocity, and this is why they've been so dominant in +OY12djY1px4-00205-00145318-00146052 retail for so many years. So that distribution center is packing trucks to replenish Walmart +OY12djY1px4-00206-00146055-00146709 stores that have a much more narrow range of products, and every week, every multiple +OY12djY1px4-00207-00146710-00147033 days they're replenishing that store. +OY12djY1px4-00208-00147034-00147831 So the location and the mix of items is set, and the periodicity in which it will be replenished +OY12djY1px4-00209-00147833-00148418 as also set. The difference from thinking about the design of that distribution center, +OY12djY1px4-00210-00148419-00149042 that's replenishing those individual Walmart stores, that set up and how the picking and +OY12djY1px4-00211-00149042-00149622 the packing is going on in there is very different than if you are an Amazon and you're wanting +OY12djY1px4-00212-00149624-00150647 to deliver to a single address. And, in Orlando, Florida, you know, a Husqvarna lawnmower, +OY12djY1px4-00213-00150648-00151357 you know, half pound of yak, milk, cheese, and some specific, you know, oatmeal soap, +OY12djY1px4-00214-00151360-00151661 and you're going to deliver it to that person one time. +OY12djY1px4-00215-00151719-00151828 So the entire information system, +OY12djY1px4-00216-00151828-00151928 - And quickly. +OY12djY1px4-00217-00151928-00152272 - Yes, quickly .In two days. - Yeah. +OY12djY1px4-00218-00152273-00152789 - And so the entire infrastructure, the physical infrastructure of the distribution center, +OY12djY1px4-00219-00152790-00153319 the information systems infrastructure and just the delivery, the home delivery infrastructure +OY12djY1px4-00220-00153321-00154210 are very, very different. I would say that that is much more closely what is necessary +OY12djY1px4-00221-00154213-00154707 for supplying special operations forces than the previous model that I mentioned, which +OY12djY1px4-00222-00154707-00154981 is to replenish a big box stores. +OY12djY1px4-00223-00155089-00155755 And the real difference is: one is just the responsiveness to new and emerging needs. +OY12djY1px4-00224-00155756-00156339 So when you have small groups of people trying to do big things on the ground, they will +OY12djY1px4-00225-00156339-00156913 often be, you know, they're encouraged to and they're selected to innovate and experiment. +OY12djY1px4-00226-00156913-00157580 And so they may come up with, or need, certain supplies, equipment. That's not in the military +OY12djY1px4-00227-00157582-00157971 system and they're going to start procuring that off the shelf. So I think that intense +OY12djY1px4-00228-00157972-00158551 customer focus is one part to be really, really focused on the customer and what they need. +OY12djY1px4-00229-00158553-00159195 And then, again, this delivering wherever they are, and being able to follow them around, +OY12djY1px4-00230-00159199-00160076 and also keep some data to be able to analyze what the demands were in the past, how items +OY12djY1px4-00231-00160078-00160587 are cycling, which items are coming on the books, which items are coming off, that capability +OY12djY1px4-00232-00160588-00161244 from an information system standpoint is fairly sophisticated. Because, again, you don't have +OY12djY1px4-00233-00161245-00161798 as stable an assortment, or catalog of items that you're keeping. So there's, you know, +OY12djY1px4-00234-00161798-00162255 again, there's the distribution piece, which is all the way from the warehousing, you know, +OY12djY1px4-00235-00162258-00162876 to delivery. And then there's the product mix, paying attention to what is it that the +OY12djY1px4-00236-00162877-00163409 customer wants, why do they want it and how do they use it. And, then, responding with +OY12djY1px4-00237-00163412-00163850 that mix of items and having that assortment available so that you can deliver anywhere +OY12djY1px4-00238-00163851-00163963 that it's needed. +OY12djY1px4-00239-00163967-00164144 - Right? - Yeah +OY12djY1px4-00240-00164144-00164928 - Absolutely. Yeah. But it reminded me of, like, when you think about Kellogg's, right? +OY12djY1px4-00241-00164929-00165819 Producing their staple, their morning cereal and working very much to keep products flowing +OY12djY1px4-00242-00165819-00166342 in an efficient way. It's pretty predictable, they know what they are going to do day in, +OY12djY1px4-00243-00166343-00167033 day out. When you go to a companies like, I don't know, Apple or more innovative companies +OY12djY1px4-00244-00167035-00167664 like this, sometimes, or most of the time, you don't know exactly what to expect, because +OY12djY1px4-00245-00167664-00168154 the products are much less predictable, and therefore you have to be much more responsive. +OY12djY1px4-00246-00168157-00168942 So, I think the parallels are incredibly... They hope, I mean, they are there. And for +OY12djY1px4-00247-00168943-00169486 our audience, if you want to go a bit more in depth about this, read the classic article +OY12djY1px4-00248-00169486-00170059 by Marshall Fisher, 1997, Harvard Business Review, called "What's the right supply chain +OY12djY1px4-00249-00170060-00170423 for your company". +OY12djY1px4-00250-00170424-00171087 I'm sorry, "What's the right supply chain for your product". Although in 1997 this was +OY12djY1px4-00251-00171089-00171694 a discussion, even now, when I visit companies, I don't know if you have the same experience, +OY12djY1px4-00252-00171695-00172465 they are still struggling with the idea that they should maybe treat supply chains in a +OY12djY1px4-00253-00172467-00173216 segmented way, the same way that they treat factories within a factory or sells within a plant. +OY12djY1px4-00254-00173218-00174017 Because I think it's so ingrained in people's minds, in manager's minds, that they should +OY12djY1px4-00255-00174017-00174834 work to always reduce costs, always gain scale. And not necessarily. They are thinking with +OY12djY1px4-00256-00174837-00175538 the same emphasis about responsiveness, or about agility, or about speed of response. +OY12djY1px4-00257-00175540-00175999 So, one more thing that we can learn from the military, right? +OY12djY1px4-00258-00176000-00176593 - That's a great. I like how you frame that, Henrique, especially the innovative versus +OY12djY1px4-00259-00176595-00177183 the kind of the standard, you know, the efficient supply chain. Because it's definitely on the +OY12djY1px4-00260-00177185-00177801 special operations side, it's more geared toward the innovative and the responsive. +OY12djY1px4-00261-00177848-00178641 - So Keenan, the other day we were team teaching. And I learned a lot when you were talking +OY12djY1px4-00262-00178645-00179562 about yet another difference between special ops and traditional military, which was about +OY12djY1px4-00263-00179565-00180390 the characteristics of people involved and organizational structure. How different they +OY12djY1px4-00264-00180392-00181191 were. And I saw some parallels with, you know, startups, more agile versus very well established +OY12djY1px4-00265-00181194-00181574 corporations, rigid, hierarchical, and so on. +OY12djY1px4-00266-00181577-00182342 Can you share with us a bit of the insights you gave our students that day about the differences +OY12djY1px4-00267-00182344-00182876 in organizational structure between these two remarkably different operations within +OY12djY1px4-00268-00182877-00183104 the same army, within the same military? +OY12djY1px4-00269-00183145-00183706 - Sure. Yeah. I think that the biggest kind of innovation, organizational innovation, +OY12djY1px4-00270-00183706-00184250 or change, or transformation, that's taken place, especially among the more tactical +OY12djY1px4-00271-00184251-00184961 units and special operations, been this adoption of what a retired general Stanley McChrystal +OY12djY1px4-00272-00184963-00185632 referred to in his colleagues, Chris Fussell, "The team of teams approach". And they wrote +OY12djY1px4-00273-00185635-00186359 a book about this, which is you still from a human resources and management standpoint, +OY12djY1px4-00274-00186361-00186916 you still have this kind of tree-like structure that we would all recognize in an organization +OY12djY1px4-00275-00186918-00187193 with, you know, one person at the top. +OY12djY1px4-00276-00187196-00187720 And then, you know, it kind of goes down where there are many at the bottom. To this team +OY12djY1px4-00277-00187723-00188451 of teams where you're pulling people into groups that are very, very flat, they're empowered +OY12djY1px4-00278-00188452-00188918 to make decisions on the ground, because they're closest to things on the ground and they're +OY12djY1px4-00279-00188918-00189639 closest to the change. And empowering those, those people to make decisions based on what's +OY12djY1px4-00280-00189640-00190106 often referred to as mission command or the intent of the leader. +OY12djY1px4-00281-00190107-00190697 And so that's been a big change and that's been necessary to flatten the organization +OY12djY1px4-00282-00190698-00191277 in order to become faster and more responsive, because that's just been a real competitive +OY12djY1px4-00283-00191277-00191861 differentiator, especially at a tactical level, as the ability to respond to the conditions +OY12djY1px4-00284-00191864-00192378 on the ground. So whether that's if you're a FedEx and you have what they refer to as +OY12djY1px4-00285-00192379-00192972 the purple promise, which is to make every experience outstanding, and you empower the +OY12djY1px4-00286-00192973-00193546 FedEx delivery driver on the ground to whatever is happening, whatever's may have gone wrong +OY12djY1px4-00287-00193549-00194167 with the delivery of the package to do whatever is in their power to make it a right for the customer. +OY12djY1px4-00288-00194169-00194798 And then, each week, their senior executives get together and they basically do a post-mortem, +OY12djY1px4-00289-00194798-00195318 or they look at those problems each week and decide: was that a special cause problem or +OY12djY1px4-00290-00195321-00195702 was that a common cause problem? Was that something that occurred because a tornado +OY12djY1px4-00291-00195705-00196279 hit the area that day, or is that something because of our business processes allow these +OY12djY1px4-00292-00196282-00196883 things to slip through? And then they take the appropriate response. So that's the way +OY12djY1px4-00293-00196883-00197340 that they manage and empower people is very similar to the way the shift that took place +OY12djY1px4-00294-00197342-00197527 and US special operations. +OY12djY1px4-00295-00197529-00198141 And I would say, is it starting to take, hold throughout, you know, the US military more +OY12djY1px4-00296-00198142-00198745 generally, but a lot of the innovation happens at the U S special operations forces. Innovations, +OY12djY1px4-00297-00198748-00199796 and technology innovations, and tactics innovations, and organization often take place there. And +OY12djY1px4-00298-00199796-00200380 then are, you know, laterally deployed later, you know, things like night, vision goggles, +OY12djY1px4-00299-00200380-00200877 for example. Special operations are the first to have those, now they're common throughout +OY12djY1px4-00300-00200878-00201591 the rest of the military. So I want to make sure that I answer all of your question here +OY12djY1px4-00301-00201593-00202378 and regain. That organizational structure has been really, really critical. I think +OY12djY1px4-00302-00202381-00202896 it's important for private firms to start to adopt that. The thing that's really different +OY12djY1px4-00303-00202896-00203727 is that this is an organization that does essentially serial startups and high impact projects. +OY12djY1px4-00304-00203750-00204513 So they're constantly, you know, each mission is at least a very high impact project that +OY12djY1px4-00305-00204513-00205335 has been planned for, typically rehearsed for and prior to its execution. And there +OY12djY1px4-00306-00205336-00205965 are many, many, many different pieces and parts from satellites to drones, to helicopters +OY12djY1px4-00307-00205968-00206466 and planes, to individual people, to working dogs, to explosive ordinance disposal. All +OY12djY1px4-00308-00206468-00206896 those things coming together as a specific time and place to conduct an operation. And +OY12djY1px4-00309-00206897-00207697 then, you know, retrieve, and everyone get back into place to get ready to do it again. +OY12djY1px4-00310-00207699-00208284 So at the very least it's that, but in many cases, it, what I would call a serial startup, +OY12djY1px4-00311-00208285-00208888 is that, you know, if we're trying to build capability with a partner or we are deploying +OY12djY1px4-00312-00208891-00209269 into an area where you think that the United States may have an interest in may want to +OY12djY1px4-00313-00209271-00209766 be there for a while... Well, then that's essentially, you know, a startup operation +OY12djY1px4-00314-00209767-00210610 with maybe a determined or an open-ended mission, but that does have these kinds of startup +OY12djY1px4-00315-00210611-00211084 capability characteristics in the sense that you have new people on the ground, you're +OY12djY1px4-00316-00211085-00211251 trying to get momentum. +OY12djY1px4-00317-00211252-00211738 You know, you have very small amount of resources, you're trying to get people bought in. And +OY12djY1px4-00318-00211739-00212208 so I would say that that you're trying to recruit people, not only that have these kinds +OY12djY1px4-00319-00212209-00212999 of physical characteristics to pass through the rigorous selection, the mental resiliency +OY12djY1px4-00320-00213000-00213506 to perform well under duress, but they also have to have, I would argue a bit of an entrepreneurial +OY12djY1px4-00321-00213508-00214117 mindset to be able to do these high impact projects over and over, or to be what I would +OY12djY1px4-00322-00214118-00214326 call almost serial entrepreneurs. +OY12djY1px4-00323-00214412-00215161 - That's absolutely fascinating. Thank you so much for that. Keenan, Some of our viewers +OY12djY1px4-00324-00215162-00215815 our young professionals, they are students, production engineering students, +OY12djY1px4-00325-00215818-00216599 them. And some of them are certainly considering a career in supply chain management. From +OY12djY1px4-00326-00216599-00217347 your extensive experience and knowledge: What do you think are the most important personal +OY12djY1px4-00327-00217349-00218278 attributes? Like attitudes style, or/and acquired skills for a young professional who is willing +OY12djY1px4-00328-00218281-00218670 to go in and build a career in supply chain management? +OY12djY1px4-00329-00218764-00219532 - I'll start with the technical parts first. Because, as we know, coming from engineering +OY12djY1px4-00330-00219535-00220513 background, you have you know, you have necessary and sufficient conditions for success, right? +OY12djY1px4-00331-00220515-00221084 So I'd say a necessary condition is to have an analytic mindset, that doesn't necessarily +OY12djY1px4-00332-00221086-00221624 mean that you need to be able to code and four different languages, or maybe you're +OY12djY1px4-00333-00221626-00222135 not even great at coding in one, but you do have some... Maybe you have a little bit of +OY12djY1px4-00334-00222137-00222595 experience in that, but I would just say more importantly is: an analytical mindset and +OY12djY1px4-00335-00222596-00223530 that you think and make decisions, you think about data and the kind of data that you need +OY12djY1px4-00336-00223531-00224073 to make effective decisions, and you use data to drive decisions. +OY12djY1px4-00337-00224074-00224751 So there's kind of, you know, a scientific and experimental mindset. I think is useful. +OY12djY1px4-00338-00224753-00225238 And I think that that's kind of necessary to just make sound, sound judgments in this +OY12djY1px4-00339-00225240-00226096 area. And there is so much data available now, that the real challenge is deciding what +OY12djY1px4-00340-00226096-00226382 is the critical information that you need to make your decision. So that's the first +OY12djY1px4-00341-00226384-00227440 part. The second part is a real comfort with uncertainty and with dealing with problems. +OY12djY1px4-00342-00227441-00228181 So if you aren't comfortable with uncertainty or facing problems, and anticipating the future, +OY12djY1px4-00343-00228181-00228805 and anticipating all of the worst case scenarios, or really thinking through all the doom and +OY12djY1px4-00344-00228806-00229833 gloom that could potentially invite itself upon you... That's really, really helpful, +OY12djY1px4-00345-00229834-00230857 because part of your job is to build systems that are resilient to disruption, but also +OY12djY1px4-00346-00230859-00231387 to build systems that are resistant to disruption. +OY12djY1px4-00347-00231389-00231741 And we're not going to be able to eliminate all the uncertainty that's out there, but +OY12djY1px4-00348-00231744-00232428 we need to build systems that are resilient, with respect to that. I think, as a leader, +OY12djY1px4-00349-00232429-00233062 it's also really important, because supply chain crosses every function, it's important +OY12djY1px4-00350-00233064-00233530 to have a comfort with people that are outside of your function, and that think differently +OY12djY1px4-00351-00233531-00234130 than you. And in fact you want to build a team of people that are different than you. +OY12djY1px4-00352-00234132-00234838 You want to build a team of people that cross functions you know, mixes of introverts and +OY12djY1px4-00353-00234838-00235625 extroverts, analytic and intuitive. And I'd say, just build as a diverse team as possible, +OY12djY1px4-00354-00235627-00236089 because you're going to touch every aspect from the customer facing side knowing your +OY12djY1px4-00355-00236090-00236676 customers, not just what they need now, but anticipating where their markets are going. +OY12djY1px4-00356-00236678-00237120 Don't always leave it to them, because if your customers go out of business, that doesn't +OY12djY1px4-00357-00237122-00237707 just impact them. So you want your customers to do well, not so well that they dis-intermediate +OY12djY1px4-00358-00237709-00238014 you, but you want them to do well so that you continue to do well. +OY12djY1px4-00359-00238016-00238525 So it's always good to help your customers anticipate the future, too. Especially if +OY12djY1px4-00360-00238525-00238998 you, in some cases, your organization may be more sophisticated than some of your smaller +OY12djY1px4-00361-00239000-00239612 customers. But then all the way back into, you know, the supply side of the organization +OY12djY1px4-00362-00239616-00240076 and to, and to raw materials. And each one of those parts of the supply chain is going +OY12djY1px4-00363-00240078-00240490 to have different types of characteristics and they may exist in a specific geography, +OY12djY1px4-00364-00240493-00241054 where you're going to need, you know, language, or cultural skills, or experience. And, so, +OY12djY1px4-00365-00241054-00241207 you want to have a diverse team. +OY12djY1px4-00366-00241210-00241651 And the other part is to get comfortable with finance. What I'm seeing is more and more +OY12djY1px4-00367-00241651-00242328 companies start to pull supply chain into finance, or the supply chain being elevated +OY12djY1px4-00368-00242331-00242979 much more closer to the CEO. Whereas, in the past, you would see it was really the CEO +OY12djY1px4-00369-00242980-00243569 and the CFO finance, and the chief executive like this. You're seeing supply chain being +OY12djY1px4-00370-00243572-00244314 much closer because, in for-profit organizations, we plan operations for financial outcomes. +OY12djY1px4-00371-00244314-00244938 And so in a nonprofit, we budget for operational outcomes, but in a, for profit, we plan operations +OY12djY1px4-00372-00244940-00245408 for financial outcomes. And if you understand operations, and you have some comfort with +OY12djY1px4-00373-00245409-00246065 finance, I think you're going to be a tremendously effective leader as, you know, again, so long +OY12djY1px4-00374-00246066-00246566 as you're a good, you have all these other general leadership characteristics, you're a good listener. +OY12djY1px4-00375-00246566-00247166 You make sure that you recognize your people. If you want your people to take risks, then +OY12djY1px4-00376-00247169-00247677 you have to take risk on their behalf. That means you push them out and tell them to take +OY12djY1px4-00377-00247679-00248047 risks. And then if something blows up in their face, you take responsibility for it, not +OY12djY1px4-00378-00248048-00248688 them. On the other hand, if they do something that's absolutely fantastic. They get all +OY12djY1px4-00379-00248691-00249125 the credit, not you. So those are the kinds of characteristics. I think if you want to +OY12djY1px4-00380-00249125-00249722 be a good leader and get your people to move fast, be very, very aggressive and to take +OY12djY1px4-00381-00249722-00250179 risk, that kind of taking risk on behalf of your people and recognizing them as just, +OY12djY1px4-00382-00250181-00250558 you know, one small thing, but I think is important as a leader. +OY12djY1px4-00383-00250628-00251501 - Wonderful. So much good stuff in that answer. Finally, out of all the new technologies that +OY12djY1px4-00384-00251503-00252315 we are seeing becoming mainstream, some of them, becoming ubiquitous, some of them. Which +OY12djY1px4-00385-00252318-00252872 ones, that we normally associate with the so-called industry, 4.0, which one do you +OY12djY1px4-00386-00252874-00253653 think, or which ones, do you think will be more disruptive for supply chain? Management specifically. +OY12djY1px4-00387-00253838-00254794 - I think that the continued development of sensors and being able to integrate information +OY12djY1px4-00388-00254794-00255468 on the status of goods in particular, and I'm just thinking about the goods piece right +OY12djY1px4-00389-00255470-00256312 now, will continue to play a big role. You know, two decades ago, RFID and looking at +OY12djY1px4-00390-00256312-00256923 things like barcodes are important. That's all important, but I think that we have much +OY12djY1px4-00391-00256923-00257577 more sophisticated sensors now and just knowing the status of the goods. For example, there +OY12djY1px4-00392-00257579-00258551 is a ship that's a quarter mile long stuck in the Suez canal right now. So, if you have +OY12djY1px4-00393-00258552-00259125 a container on that ship you're really gonna want to know, you know, not just is the container, +OY12djY1px4-00394-00259127-00259532 but if... I have an order, is my order on that ship? +OY12djY1px4-00395-00259535-00260353 But, when will the ship be loose, which is as good as anyone's guess is gold, I guess, +OY12djY1px4-00396-00260354-00260864 at this point or not worth anything, cause I don't think anyone knows... But, even where +OY12djY1px4-00397-00260866-00261284 is it on the ship? Like, will it come off first or will it come off last? Because there +OY12djY1px4-00398-00261285-00261911 were about 20,000 containers on that ship. And so, you know, knowing where that thing +OY12djY1px4-00399-00261912-00262392 is at any given point as Fred Smith, who, again, I'll just use a FedEx example again, +OY12djY1px4-00400-00262393-00263022 the chairman of FedEx said: The information about the package is more valuable to the +OY12djY1px4-00401-00263022-00263166 customer than the package itself. +OY12djY1px4-00402-00263168-00263603 And so why would he say that? Well, he would say that, and this is precisely why FedEx +OY12djY1px4-00403-00263604-00264240 invest more than $1 billion a year and its own proprietary information systems. Because, +OY12djY1px4-00404-00264243-00264761 under they understand that, if I know that the package is not going to be here in two +OY12djY1px4-00405-00264761-00265318 days and I need it in two days, now I can plan for it. Now I can put a contingency in +OY12djY1px4-00406-00265320-00265808 place. Now I can do things, other than I just don't know and I'm managing by hope. +OY12djY1px4-00407-00265809-00266506 So the information, as we know, as in supply chain, is exchangeable with inventory, right? +OY12djY1px4-00408-00266508-00267033 You give me the information or give me the inventory. If I have perfect information about +OY12djY1px4-00409-00267033-00267523 the demand and the status of things, I can draw my inventory down a significantly and +OY12djY1px4-00410-00267524-00268084 reduce the bullwhip effect. If I don't have the information, if I'm forecasting, now I've +OY12djY1px4-00411-00268085-00268631 subjected my entire supply chain to my forecast, and now I'm definitely going to have it, especially +OY12djY1px4-00412-00268633-00269082 over longer lead times. I'm definitely going to have full with the facts. So I think the +OY12djY1px4-00413-00269084-00269812 sensors, you know, just from that basic dynamic that we were so familiar with and supply chain, +OY12djY1px4-00414-00269813-00270420 the bullwhip effect will continue to be important. I mean, of course automation, I mean, once +OY12djY1px4-00415-00270422-00271114 tractor trailers are fully automated on the roads you know, that's going to be highly disruptive. +OY12djY1px4-00416-00271117-00271598 We'll likely make things faster. Potentially if you were accidents, that could be a little +OY12djY1px4-00417-00271598-00272215 ways off from a technology and more likely a regulatory standpoint, but that will be +OY12djY1px4-00418-00272218-00272812 important. So that's just one aspect of automation and the audit, the artificial intelligence +OY12djY1px4-00419-00272813-00273229 and machine learning. I mean, I think that that's just going to start, will begin to +OY12djY1px4-00420-00273231-00273533 organically embed itself into everything. +OY12djY1px4-00421-00273534-00273973 So when I talk about sensors, I'm kind of taking for granted the fact that there will +OY12djY1px4-00422-00273976-00274514 be machine learning and artificial intelligence just layered on to that. Like you would a +OY12djY1px4-00423-00274514-00275278 coat of paint, quite frankly. So that's just one. I'm not necessarily saying it's the most +OY12djY1px4-00424-00275280-00275865 important one, but it's one that I think, because sensors are so cheap and as you said, +OY12djY1px4-00425-00275866-00276580 ubiquitous, use that term earlier, I think that that's, that has the potential to have huge impact, +OY12djY1px4-00426-00276751-00277490 - Keenan fascinating! So many valuable pearls of wisdom and knowledge that you shared with +OY12djY1px4-00427-00277491-00278565 us. And I have to thank you so much for making time for us on a day that I know is very busy +OY12djY1px4-00428-00278565-00279478 for you. Thank you so much for being with us. We really learn a lot from you as usual, my friend. +OY12djY1px4-00429-00279529-00279969 - Oh, I appreciate it. I appreciate it. And for those young people out there interested +OY12djY1px4-00430-00279972-00280747 in supply chain, there's so many areas that you could jump in and I would say don't fret +OY12djY1px4-00431-00280749-00281264 too much or worry too much about whether or not you're jumping into the right part of +OY12djY1px4-00432-00281265-00281808 the pool. I would just jump in and get in the water. If you don't know whether or not +OY12djY1px4-00433-00281809-00282398 you're going to like the customer facing side or the distributor, you'll find that out. +OY12djY1px4-00434-00282401-00282892 And the first several months or year, but you'll have that experience, and if you really +OY12djY1px4-00435-00282895-00283419 wanna be an outstanding, effective supply chain manager, you're going to make get some +OY12djY1px4-00436-00283420-00283913 experience in these different parts of the supply chain. So, having that experience, +OY12djY1px4-00437-00283914-00284419 even if you decided that's not what if for you and you wanna move into a different area, +OY12djY1px4-00438-00284419-00284729 that wil be valuable to another organization. +OY12djY1px4-00439-00284729-00285315 So I would not worry about too much, wether or not, I'm entering the right part of the organization. +OY12djY1px4-00440-00285315-00285686 If there is an industry that attracts you, or there is a function that attracts you, +OY12djY1px4-00441-00285728-00286514 I would said: get in, be very, very curious and get some course working in finance, if +OY12djY1px4-00442-00286514-00287135 you can, and complement your operation experience. But getting that solid operations experiences. +OY12djY1px4-00443-00287135-00287640 Getting your self familiar with basic concepts that I'd call are the Bedrock of supply chain, +OY12djY1px4-00444-00287640-00288213 like de bullwhip effect, you know, some basic material management, some forecasting, and +OY12djY1px4-00445-00288213-00288681 things like your course, Henrique, of making supply chain meet them. And there are all +OY12djY1px4-00446-00288681-00288863 really good foundations. +OY12djY1px4-00447-00288901-00289857 - Wonderfull. Keenan, thank you so muc for beeing with us. Folks, for thoso of you who +OY12djY1px4-00448-00289857-00291063 are watching, don't forget: always, on mondays, at 7pm, we'll have a new episode with fascinating +OY12djY1px4-00449-00291063-00291653 people like doctor Yoho. So mark your calendar, +ObC01kC2us0-00000-00000567-00000980 SUPER TYPHOON HAIYAN HAS AFFECTED MORE THAN 4 MILLION PEOPLE ACROSS 36 PROVINCES IN THE +ObC01kC2us0-00001-00000980-00001376 REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES AND THE U.S. HAS RESPONDED WITH OPERATION DAMAYAN. +ObC01kC2us0-00002-00001376-00001776 PENTAGON PRESS SECRETARY GEORGE LITTLE SPOKE ABOUT THE OPERATION'S RELIEF EFFORTS DURING +ObC01kC2us0-00003-00001776-00001964 A PRESS CONFERENCE NOVEMBER 12TH. +ObC01kC2us0-00004-00001964-00002467 "AS OF LAST NIGHT, THE MARINES REPORTED THAT THEY HAVE DELIVERED 107,000 POUNDS OF RELIEF +ObC01kC2us0-00005-00002467-00002856 SUPPLIES TO THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PHILIPPINES. +ObC01kC2us0-00006-00002856-00003589 OUR PRIORITY FOR SUPPLYING AID IS POTABLE WATER, FOOD, SHELTER, HYGIENE PRODUCTS, AND +ObC01kC2us0-00007-00003589-00003751 MEDICAL SUPPLIES." +ObC01kC2us0-00008-00003751-00004157 WITH MANY SHIPS AND MILITARY ASSETS, THE U.S. CONTINUES TO PROVIDE HUMANITARIAN SUPPORT +ObC01kC2us0-00009-00004157-00004257 TO THE PHILIPPINES. +ObC01kC2us0-00010-00004257-00004908 "THE PHILIPPINES IS A TREATY ALLY, AND THE UNITED STATES STANDS BY ITS FRIENDS AND ALLIES +ObC01kC2us0-00011-00004908-00005105 IN TIMES OF CRISIS." +ObC01kC2us0-00012-00005105-00005397 FROM THE DEFENSE MEDIA ACTIVITY, I'M PETTY OFFICER JONATHAN SUNDERMAN. +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00000-00000000-00000198 everyone this is Karaleise and today I will +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00001-00000198-00000774 share with you how I'm doing during this Covid 19 lockdown +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00002-00002646-00003440 so I am doing ok I'm not sick my family's not sick my daughter's not sick we're all healthy +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00003-00003440-00003978 so in that sense I'm doing great but I as you know I've been working from home for the last +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00004-00003978-00004719 maybe we can have two weeks and that's going okay but it's time that when you're working from +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00005-00004719-00005322 home and then you don't have the other avenues of socialization so you can't go to a restaurant you +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00006-00005322-00005808 can't take a kid to the park you can't go hang out with your friends so you just working from +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00007-00005808-00006288 home and then all of these ways to interact with people are also taking away that makes it much +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00008-00006288-00006966 harder but I'm coping with it I think I'm doing it probably better than most right now I'm doing +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00009-00006966-00007484 a good job of that I do struggle with my daughter though working from home with a five-year-old is +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00010-00007484-00008156 rough because she wants to play with me and she's the most amazing kid y'all she's great like I can +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00011-00008156-00008679 put her in a room give her a tablet I can have some activities set up for her to just do them +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00012-00008679-00009219 on her own she's really really good like she makes me really proud but there's a time when you just +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00013-00009219-00009591 want to talk to me you know and I'm on a call like the other day I was giving a presentation +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00014-00009591-00010191 to a global team these are people everywhere in the world and they understand because in some +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00015-00010191-00010713 parts of the world people are still working from home and other parts they're not so she I was +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00016-00010713-00011403 presenting and she came right into the room it wasn't a video presentation with just audio but +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00017-00011403-00011955 I looked and I was able to click mute in time and then she asking her questions and getting +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00018-00011955-00012471 back to my car but obviously I was distracted and I didn't hear the question I had to act intervene +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00019-00012471-00012993 it got kind of weird but I recovered quickly the other thing that happened when you have a +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00020-00012993-00013691 young child and you're working from home so I mean everybody's understanding because we're +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00021-00013691-00014147 all going through this together this is not like a mean situation everybody in the world +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00022-00014147-00014787 is kind of facing this work from home challenge right now if your company is able to to do that +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00023-00014787-00015519 so people understand it's hard enough kid to be isolated though like we have neighbors who have +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00024-00015519-00016078 young kids so they're all within our age group but you know already have each other to play with and +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00025-00016078-00016477 so she was looking through the window up there just looking up and seeing them playing it she +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00026-00016477-00017122 was like oh god she starts crying it broke me know that brought me a little bit because I want her to +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00027-00017122-00017749 interact with kids so you know it's hard when your kid wants to play with other kids and they can +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00028-00017749-00018274 hear the screams they can hear the fun happening and they can't be a part of it you know that was +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00029-00018274-00018814 tough so that's the toughest thing so far for me is to watch my child go through that and not +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00030-00018814-00019363 being able to to have that kind of companionship you know everybody has to protect their family +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00031-00019363-00019918 nobody wants to like interact with people unless it has to and so it's challenging so that's a big +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00032-00019918-00020563 challenge there but you know in Atlanta as you know Atlanta does have cases of co19 we have had +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00033-00020563-00021073 deaths I'm not sure of the county but we've had people die especially in my County so it's right +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00034-00021073-00021688 here where I live but obviously you know I'm I'm good man daughter it's good my family's good but +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00035-00021688-00022441 stores are open some of them like stories are not being told to close you know me kids to go to the +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00036-00022441-00022951 store and buy things you can go to the pharmacy there's Walmart but I have found that some stores +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00037-00022951-00023350 have closed that I'm not essential like I went to Bath and Body Works to get some stuff in my house +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00038-00023350-00023824 like I like the wall flowers and things that give you the house of fragrance and love those things +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00039-00023824-00024427 and I went there it was one day was open the next thing was goes okay and then all the mall all the +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00040-00024427-00025126 stores in strip mall that's closest to me one by one they're all clothes so it's not that they're +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00041-00025126-00025657 forced to cook but nobody's coming out like you can go to Atlanta and you have no traffic right +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00042-00025657-00026170 now there is no traffic in Atlanta which is surprising because that liner is known for +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00043-00026170-00026569 the traffic that we have so everybody stayed home everybody's doing what they have to do to protect +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00044-00026569-00027100 themselves their families whether they have a symptom or not people are being very responsible +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00045-00027100-00027526 very responsible and I have actually married that that's pretty cool now I'm trying to do +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00046-00027526-00028132 that myself although I have to get my daughter outside to ride her bike and I love gardening +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00047-00028132-00028617 so I've been in my own yard you know getting my car you ready because now it's spring and I want +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00048-00028617-00029166 have my plants planted and summertime I'm gonna have beautiful blues something that so I have to +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00049-00029166-00029682 get out like I can't just cooped up in the house I gotta get out but I'm limiting how much exposure +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00050-00029682-00030312 I give myself and my kid and just to make sure everybody does what's best for everybody else +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00051-00030312-00030924 you know that's that's really important so yeah how I'm doing doing okay I really hope that this +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00052-00030924-00031458 this thing doesn't last too much longer I think we probably have a couple more weeks of it it +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00053-00031458-00031895 could get longer than that but I think after a couple more weeks everybody I get restless +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00054-00031895-00032552 and we're gonna have to find some other solution that I stay cooped up in your house doors are like +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00055-00032552-00033099 we're gonna have to find something but for now we're writing it out I think it might get worse +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00056-00033099-00033741 before it gets better but I'm hopeful that we'll find some solution that would put us closer back +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00057-00033741-00034458 to how our life's work not just not not long ago so doing okay wanted to give you guys this +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00058-00034458-00035013 update and I hope that you guys are fine too you know it we're all gonna get through this and this +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00059-00035013-00035499 is gonna be good for some people like people who haven't seen each other the fact we're separating +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00060-00035499-00035958 from each other I think families probably will rekindle friendships with Kindle when this is all +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00061-00035958-00036408 over because now they want to get back together I think you're gonna have a very long waiting list +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00062-00036408-00036957 to get into any restaurant but this is done I mean flights are gonna come back you never want to go +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00063-00036957-00037458 everywhere like I'm itching to go to the beach right now cuz that's you know I'm Jamaican I +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00064-00037458-00038187 love the beach I want to go so as soon as this is over and I think a lot of people have that +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00065-00038187-00038847 mindset so we're all gonna do fun things again at some point just it's so hard to think about +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00066-00038847-00039372 that right now because they're all together in this thing but I think it's gonna be good at the +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00067-00039372-00040077 end if we can come back together and we can help each other and relationships can be rekindled and +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00068-00040077-00040668 friendships and family and stuff like that because we have not had the opportunity to do that right +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00069-00040668-00041322 now so separation can be good you know looking at the bright side people the bright side so anyway +Oh6Z7yUGtGY-00070-00041322-00041841 I'm just wondering even an update and I will see you guys next time thank you for watching bye +OiLsY9TiBW8-00000-00000062-00000612 Hi my name is Marcus I'm the head of the community over here at Vaadin. And welcome +OiLsY9TiBW8-00001-00000612-00001011 to our course on building web apps in Java. In this course you'll learn +OiLsY9TiBW8-00002-00001011-00001482 everything you need to know to build a modern full stack web application all in +OiLsY9TiBW8-00003-00001482-00001893 Java. The course is designed for developers who already know Java from +OiLsY9TiBW8-00004-00001893-00002283 before, however, you should be able to follow along just fine if you're new to +OiLsY9TiBW8-00005-00002283-00002684 Java - just be ready to look up some of the concepts that may be new to you as +OiLsY9TiBW8-00006-00002684-00003035 we go along. We'll walk you through how to install your development environment +OiLsY9TiBW8-00007-00003035-00003432 and all the tools that you need so you can follow along no matter what your +OiLsY9TiBW8-00008-00003432-00003954 previous skill set is. In this tutorial we'll focus on the practical real-life +OiLsY9TiBW8-00009-00003954-00004392 skills that you need when building applications. To do that we're going to +OiLsY9TiBW8-00010-00004392-00004800 build an application from scratch step by step until we have a production ready +OiLsY9TiBW8-00011-00004800-00005228 app that we can deploy into the cloud. The application that we're going to +OiLsY9TiBW8-00012-00005228-00005841 build will have: a login screen, a mobile friendly responsive layout a view for +OiLsY9TiBW8-00013-00005841-00006269 listing and editing contacts that we've stored in a database, a dashboard view +OiLsY9TiBW8-00014-00006269-00006848 for showing stats, and tests for both the logic and the UI code. We'll even make +OiLsY9TiBW8-00015-00006848-00007184 the application installable by turning it into a progressive web application. +OiLsY9TiBW8-00016-00007184-00007638 And finally we're going to show you how to deploy the application to a cloud +OiLsY9TiBW8-00017-00007638-00008052 provider. We're using Spring Boot for the backend of our application and +OiLsY9TiBW8-00018-00008052-00008457 Vaadin for the front-end. Both of these frameworks focus on one thing and that's +OiLsY9TiBW8-00019-00008457-00008796 developer productivity, so when you're using them together you're going to get +OiLsY9TiBW8-00020-00008796-00009236 a really nice experience that I think you'll love. You can find a text version +OiLsY9TiBW8-00021-00009236-00009761 of this tutorial on vaadin.com along with a PDF download. You can find a link to +OiLsY9TiBW8-00022-00009761-00010197 those in the show notes below. Be sure to subscribe to our channel and enable the +OiLsY9TiBW8-00023-00010197-00010467 notifications so that you don't miss any of the cool new stuff that we have +OiLsY9TiBW8-00024-00010467-00010868 coming out! I hope you're excited to start learning, I'll see in the first +OiLsY9TiBW8-00025-00010868-00011089 video! +OnOjD6b_GFc-00006-00002588-00002874 Monika Bedi +OnOjD6b_GFc-00010-00003604-00003870 Abu Salem +OnOjD6b_GFc-00013-00004486-00004786 Under World Don EX-GIRLFRIEND +OnOjD6b_GFc-00016-00005421-00005636 BollyWood Actress +OnSQhWLvGbY-00000-00000000-00000424 In Madhumai district, Suriya block's Lalepur Baheriya village Anara Devi and other 30 families from Musahar +OnSQhWLvGbY-00001-00000424-00001028 community are being discriminated against, even though they have been living for past 10 yrs. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00002-00001062-00001726 Due to which, this Musahar community is not benefiting by the government's social security schemes. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00003-00001726-00001916 Do you have an identity card? - No +OnSQhWLvGbY-00004-00001916-00002416 If it was made then all our arrangements would have been done by now. A residential proof would suffice. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00005-00002416-00002586 Since how long have you been staying here? - 10 Years +OnSQhWLvGbY-00006-00002628-00002884 What all problems are you facing because of not having an identity card? +OnSQhWLvGbY-00007-00002884-00003260 There are a lot of problems. I would get ration and widow pension. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00008-00003260-00003470 My house leaks, that could be fixed. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00009-00003470-00003674 Did you go to make your Identity Card? +OnSQhWLvGbY-00010-00003674-00004102 We went to Bhadohi several times nobody is listening to us. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00011-00004102-00004358 We went to the block office several time. Nobody listens to us. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00012-00004358-00004612 We went to the village head several times, even he doesn't listen to us. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00013-00004612-00004796 What benifits are you going to get if you make your Identity card? +OnSQhWLvGbY-00014-00004796-00005444 - The benefit which we will get is that our kids will have food and we will get out Voter Card. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00015-00005444-00005818 Nobody will beat us or abuse us. Nor can anyone bully us. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00016-00005846-00006124 How many families are staying with you here? +OnSQhWLvGbY-00017-00006124-00006292 - Approx 150. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00018-00006308-00006962 No legislator or government cares for us. They are busy in their own worlds. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00019-00006981-00007140 Where were you living before? +OnSQhWLvGbY-00020-00007140-00007323 We were staying in Jaunpur. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00021-00007352-00007712 Saroj Paasi and Dashamani were there. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00022-00007734-00008109 They used to abuse us and beat us; that's why we ran away from there. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00023-00008109-00008506 It's been 10-12 years, we have been living here. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00024-00008518-00008748 What would be the benifit of the Identity card? +OnSQhWLvGbY-00025-00008748-00009486 Benefit would be we can make our Ration Cards. Our kids can go to a school and have food to eat. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00026-00009498-00009996 I and the people of my Musahar community want that Identity Cards be made for all these families +OnSQhWLvGbY-00027-00009996-00010494 so that their problems can be resolved and they can get the benefits of various social security schemes. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00028-00010530-00011346 I appeal to all viewers to please call the SDM on 9454416831 and ask him to help +OnSQhWLvGbY-00029-00011346-00011676 to help the Musahar community at Lalepur Baheriya in getting their ID cards made. +OnSQhWLvGbY-00030-00011676-00011978 I am Anil Kumar from Bhadohi, Uttar Pradesh For India Unheard. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00000-00000640-00001176 Your excellencies. The reverend fathers. The religious sisters and brothers. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00001-00001280-00001912 Our ordinands. The families of our ordinands. Brothers and sisters in Christ. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00002-00002056-00002368 Jan, Ken and Emil. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00003-00002608-00003208 We thought it would be December 27 but it would not be so. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00004-00003440-00004112 And then we thought it would be the 25th of March to celebrate the annunciation +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00005-00004272-00005040 but it was not meant to be so. As soon as Pope Francis declared the year of Saint Joseph +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00006-00005152-00005848 on December 8th last year until December 8th this year, we knew +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00007-00005928-00006752 that you would be priests of Saint Joseph. We did not know but God knew +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00008-00006944-00007688 from the listing of the Archdiocese, this is the first ordination on the 19th of March. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00009-00007864-00008624 You will be called ordinands, priests after the heart of Saint Joseph. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00010-00008840-00009720 So, what does it mean to be priests according to the heart of Joseph? Saint Joseph has many titles +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00011-00009880-00010840 but the most beautiful title is to be called father. God called him Abba. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00012-00011048-00011904 Jesus called him father. Properly understood, he is the father of God. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00013-00012104-00012784 He is not the father of God in flesh. He is not the father of God by blood. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00014-00012856-00013496 He was the father of God by Jewish law. He was the father of God by grace. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00015-00013688-00014232 And isn’t that what you are? You will not be fathers by blood. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00016-00014376-00015584 You will not be fathers by body. You will not be fathers by natural generation. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00017-00015752-00016520 You will be fathers by law, by the law of the church. You will be fathers by grace. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00018-00016832-00017408 Catholics who are old enough to be your grandparents will call you father. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00019-00017616-00018616 Children who did not come from you will call you father. You will be truly and really like Saint +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00020-00018616-00019960 Joseph. Father of many children. Father of Jesus by Jewish law and by grace. You my dear brothers +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00021-00020024-00020760 will be called that. You will be fathers of the Christian community. You will not be able +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00022-00020760-00021456 to generate your own children according to the law of celibacy which you have gladly accepted +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00023-00021520-00022352 on the day you were ordained as deacons. But because of your embrace of celibacy, +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00024-00022472-00023368 you also embrace the blessing of generativity. You will be able to give birth a million times over, +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00025-00023440-00023984 beyond what the body can do. You will be fathers of our souls. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00026-00024216-00025392 The second title of Saint Joseph, some spiritual writers call him - the savior of the Savior. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00027-00025392-00026312 The Savior with the capital “s” was so humble to ask the protection of His own creatures. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00028-00026512-00027583 Saint Joseph saved the Savior from Herod. Saint Joseph saved the Savior from sure +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00029-00027583-00028536 murder as an infant. So properly understood again, Saint Joseph was savior of the Savior. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00030-00028632-00029104 He saved the child Jesus from the murderous hands of Herod. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00031-00029312-00029792 You are not the savior because there is only one savior. It is Jesus Christ. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00032-00029927-00030608 But as priests, you will be entrusted with the mission of saving us from error, +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00033-00030752-00031192 saving us from falling, saving us from blasphemy, +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00034-00031280-00031960 saving us from sacrilege, saving us from dishonesty, saving us from death. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00035-00032136-00032583 You are going to save us from death, each time you absolve us from sins. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00036-00032680-00033472 You are going to save us from death, each time you give us your blessing. You are going to save +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00037-00033472-00034160 people from death, when you baptize. You are going to save people from mistakes by your counsel. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00038-00034280-00035024 You will be the savior of those who need salvation. You will be Jesus for them. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00039-00035160-00036240 Savior of the Savior is Saint Joseph. But you, my dear fathers, will also be saviors. But do not put +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00040-00036240-00037120 the title “savior” into your head, lest you become boastful. Do not put the title “savior” into you +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00041-00037120-00038056 head lest your ego become bloated. Put it into your heart, so that it can make you courageous. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00042-00038192-00038816 Because that is what we need now – courageous priests - who are willing to stand up, +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00043-00038888-00039408 who are ready to suffer, who are ready to be killed in order to +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00044-00039480-00040344 live for the Savior. Savior of the Savior is Saint Joseph. Savior of the Savior is you. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00045-00040592-00041376 Finally, Saint Joseph was not only savior of the Savior but he was also teacher of the Teacher. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00046-00041560-00042264 The teacher taught us – I am the way, the truth and the life. But before +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00047-00042264-00042968 Jesus could say – I am the way, the truth and the life – Jesus had to be taught how to talk. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00048-00043152-00043968 Jesus had to be taught how to read. And who taught Jesus how to talk? Who taught Jesus +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00049-00043968-00044984 the meaning of words and then the reality. It is Joseph. He taught Jesus to say “way”. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00050-00045072-00045616 He taught Jesus to say “truth”. He taught Jesus to say “life”. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00051-00045728-00046384 And as a grown-up, the lessons that Joseph taught Jesus became valuable for us. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00052-00046520-00047152 He taught the Teacher how to talk. He taught the Teacher how to hold the hammer. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00053-00047280-00047832 He taught the teacher how to hold the nail. He taught the teacher how to saw the wood. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00054-00047936-00048584 He taught the Teacher how to walk. He also taught the teacher how to stand up if you fall. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00055-00048752-00049504 At every fall of Jesus on the way of the cross. At every standing up of Jesus, each time He fell. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00056-00049616-00049928 Who taught him how to stand up when you make a mistake? +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00057-00050048-00050880 It was Joseph. It was Joseph who taught the Teacher the many beautiful lessons in life. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00058-00051008-00051672 Many beautiful lessons in childhood that you must not forget in adulthood unless +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00059-00051784-00052640 you want to make a ruin out of your life. He was teacher of the Teacher. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00060-00052784-00053384 And yet even if he was teacher of the Teacher, he himself allowed to be taught by the teacher. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00061-00053560-00054667 You my dear brothers will be teachers of Christ. Not Christ the Lord but Christ among His people – +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00062-00054736-00056008 the orphans, the widows, the strangers and aliens, they are your teachers. Let the orphans teach you. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00063-00056128-00056832 Let the widows teach you. Let the strangers teach you. Because they are the favorites of +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00064-00056832-00057704 God and unless you appreciate the importance of being an orphan, of being a poor widow, +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00065-00057767-00058544 of being a stranger in a strange land, unless you understand the beauty and power of childhood, +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00066-00058600-00059304 the beauty and power of poverty, you will not be able to understand the real lessons of Jesus. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00067-00059479-00060479 Teacher of the Teacher is Saint Joseph. Savior of the Savior is Saint Joseph. God called him father. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00068-00060552-00061479 That is Saint Joseph and you, my dear brothers, will be that. You will be called Fathers. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00069-00061736-00062776 You will be called Fathers. And bask in that title. Relish being called Father. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00070-00062879-00063512 And be happy to be called father, not with the sense of egoistic pride +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00071-00063608-00064240 but with a sense of gratitude that even if you are not worth it to be called a “child of God” +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00072-00064344-00065055 you will be called father in the church. Before this mass concludes, +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00073-00065208-00065984 we will pray the act of the consecration to Saint Joseph. As you consecrate your priesthood to him, +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00074-00066264-00066400 may he give you his heart. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00075-00066584-00067184 The true heart of the father. Do not be afraid to entrust your heart to Joseph +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00076-00067320-00068088 because that same heart does not belong to Joseph. That heart has been entrusted to the immaculate +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00077-00068192-00068872 and the heart of Joseph, the heart of the Immaculate, both hearts have been entrusted to the +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00078-00068872-00069496 meek and gentle heart of Jesus. So really and truly, my dear brothers, +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00079-00069592-00070240 when you consecrate your priestly heart to the heart of Joseph whom God Himself called Father. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00080-00070392-00071056 Joseph will bring you to the heart of Jesus and in that heart, we will rest. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00081-00071256-00071936 In that heart, you must rest. And in that heart, you must find the meaning +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00082-00071936-00072696 and purpose of your priesthood. At the end of your life…at the last breath of your life, +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00083-00072880-00073752 when we look at you through the glass of the casket, may people just remember you and say, +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00084-00073976-00074872 “He was our good father.” And in the life of Father Jan, +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00085-00075008-00075832 in the life of Father Ken, in the life of Father Emil, we saw the Father’s heart, +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00086-00075968-00076568 we saw the Father’s love, we experienced the Father’s mercy. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00087-00076752-00078584 May your heart be the heart of Joseph and may the heart of Joseph lead you to the heart of Jesus. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00088-00078944-00079224 Thank you for listening. Thank you for watching. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00089-00079344-00079984 Please look for Father Soc on YouTube. And I hope you can subscribe to the channel. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00090-00080112-00080752 There I can meet you with more reflections, with more homilies and then we can interact. +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00091-00080808-00081432 And you can also tell me the questions in your heart, the questions in your mind which I hope, +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00092-00081488-00082048 I can also answer in the same channel. It is not technology that brings us together, +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00093-00082136-00082800 it is the Lord. It is not technology that has brought us together, it is our love for the +P1-gGpJ0ozk-00094-00082800-00084024 Lord and our love for the Church. May the Spirit continue to work in all of us. God bless you. +P38ViXSpe9u-00000-00000106-00000468 The next step in “Coding and Data Science” when you’re working with web data is to +P38ViXSpe9u-00001-00000468-00000752 understand a little bit about XML. +P38ViXSpe9u-00002-00000752-00001416 I like to think of this as the part of web data that follows the imperative, “Data, +P38ViXSpe9u-00003-00001416-00001541 define thyself”. +P38ViXSpe9u-00004-00001541-00002322 XML stands for eXtensible Markup Language, and what it is XML is semi-structured data. +P38ViXSpe9u-00005-00002322-00002752 What that means is that tags define data so a computer knows what a particular piece of +P38ViXSpe9u-00006-00002752-00002865 information is. +P38ViXSpe9u-00007-00002865-00003453 But, unlike HTML, the tags are free to be defined any way you want. +P38ViXSpe9u-00008-00003453-00003897 And so you have this enormous flexibility in there, but you’re still able to specify +P38ViXSpe9u-00009-00003897-00004068 it so the computer can read it. +P38ViXSpe9u-00010-00004068-00004446 Now, there’s a couple of places where you’re going to see XML files. +P38ViXSpe9u-00011-00004446-00004639 Number one is in web data. +P38ViXSpe9u-00012-00004639-00005115 HTML defines the structure of a web page, but if they’re feeding data into it, then +P38ViXSpe9u-00013-00005115-00005543 that will often come in the form of an XML file. +P38ViXSpe9u-00014-00005543-00006224 Interestingly, Microsoft Office files, if you have .docx or .xlsx, the X-part at the +P38ViXSpe9u-00015-00006224-00006700 end stands for a version of XML that’s used to create these documents. +P38ViXSpe9u-00016-00006700-00007257 If you use iTunes, the library information that has all of your artists, and your genre’s, +P38ViXSpe9u-00017-00007257-00007645 and your ratings and stuff, that’s all stored in an XML file. +P38ViXSpe9u-00018-00007645-00008399 And then finally, data files that often go with particular programs can be saved as XML +P38ViXSpe9u-00019-00008399-00008796 as a way of representing the structure of the data to the program. +P38ViXSpe9u-00020-00008796-00009384 And for XML, tags use opening and closing angle brackets just like HTML did. +P38ViXSpe9u-00021-00009384-00009890 Again, the major difference is that you’re free to define the tags however you want. +P38ViXSpe9u-00022-00009890-00010406 So for instance, thinking about iTunes, you can define a tag that's genre, and you have +P38ViXSpe9u-00023-00010406-00010900 the angle brackets in genre to begin that information, and then you have the angle brackets +P38ViXSpe9u-00024-00010900-00011279 with the backslash to let it know you're done with that piece of information. +P38ViXSpe9u-00025-00011279-00011886 Or, you can do it for composer, or you can do it for rating, or you can do it for comments, +P38ViXSpe9u-00026-00011886-00012374 and you can create any tags you want and you put the information in between those two things. +P38ViXSpe9u-00027-00012374-00012659 Now, let's take an example of how this works. +P38ViXSpe9u-00028-00012659-00013191 I’m going to show you a quick dataset that comes from the web. +P38ViXSpe9u-00029-00013191-00013856 It's at ergast.com and API, and this is a website that stores information about automobile +P38ViXSpe9u-00030-00013856-00014038 Formula One racing. +P38ViXSpe9u-00031-00014038-00014353 Let's go to this webpage and take a quick look at what it’s like. +P38ViXSpe9u-00032-00014353-00014875 So, here we are at Ergast.com, and it’s the API for Formula One. +P38ViXSpe9u-00033-00014875-00015437 And what I’m bringing up is the results of the 1957 season in Formula One racing. +P38ViXSpe9u-00034-00015437-00015993 And here you can see who the competitors were in each race, and how they finished and so +P38ViXSpe9u-00035-00015993-00016093 on. +P38ViXSpe9u-00036-00016093-00016329 So, this is a dataset that is being displayed in a web page. +P38ViXSpe9u-00037-00016329-00016836 If you want to see what it looks like in XML, all you have to do is type XML onto the end +P38ViXSpe9u-00038-00016836-00016956 of this: .XML. +P38ViXSpe9u-00039-00016956-00017206 I’ve done that already, so I’m just going to go to that one. +P38ViXSpe9u-00040-00017206-00017564 And as you see, it's only this bit that I’ve added: .XML. +P38ViXSpe9u-00041-00017564-00018036 Now, it looks exactly the same because the web page is structuring XML data by default +P38ViXSpe9u-00042-00018036-00018405 but if you want to see what it looks like in its raw format, just do an option, click +P38ViXSpe9u-00043-00018405-00018895 on the web page, and go to view page source. +P38ViXSpe9u-00044-00018895-00019593 At least that’s how it works in Chrome, and this is the structured XML page. +P38ViXSpe9u-00045-00019593-00019740 And you can see we have tags here. +P38ViXSpe9u-00046-00019740-00020376 It says Race Name, Circuit Name, Location, and obviously, these are not standard HTML +P38ViXSpe9u-00047-00020376-00020476 tags. +P38ViXSpe9u-00048-00020476-00020792 They are defined for the purposes of this particular dataset. +P38ViXSpe9u-00049-00020792-00020964 But we begin with one. +P38ViXSpe9u-00050-00020964-00021604 We have Circuit Name right there, and then we close it using the backslash right there. +P38ViXSpe9u-00051-00021604-00022025 And so this is structured data; the computer knows how to read it, which is exactly, this +P38ViXSpe9u-00052-00022025-00022206 is how it displays it by default. +P38ViXSpe9u-00053-00022206-00022762 So, it's a really good way of displaying data and its a good way to know how to pull data +P38ViXSpe9u-00054-00022762-00022895 from the web. +P38ViXSpe9u-00055-00022895-00023382 You can actually use what is called an API, an Application Programming interface to access +P38ViXSpe9u-00056-00023382-00023862 this XML data and it pulls it in along with its structure which makes working with it +P38ViXSpe9u-00057-00023862-00023973 really easy. +P38ViXSpe9u-00058-00023973-00024548 What’s even more interesting is how easy it is to take XML data and convert it between +P38ViXSpe9u-00059-00024548-00024920 different formats, because it’s structured and the computer knows what you’re dealing +P38ViXSpe9u-00060-00024920-00025034 with. +P38ViXSpe9u-00061-00025034-00025693 So for example, one it’s really easy to convert XML to CSV or comma separated value +P38ViXSpe9u-00062-00025693-00026100 files (that’s the spreadsheet format) because it knows exactly what the headings are; what +P38ViXSpe9u-00063-00026100-00026462 piece of information goes in each column. +P38ViXSpe9u-00064-00026462-00027087 Example two: it’s really easy to convert HTML documents to XML because you can think +P38ViXSpe9u-00065-00027087-00027864 of HTML with its restricted set of tags as sort of a subset of the much freer XML. +P38ViXSpe9u-00066-00027864-00028470 And three, you can convert CSV, or your spreadsheet comma separated value, to XML and vice versa. +P38ViXSpe9u-00067-00028470-00028852 You can bounce them all back and forth because the structure is made clear to the programs +P38ViXSpe9u-00068-00028852-00029081 you’re working with. +P38ViXSpe9u-00069-00029081-00029361 So in sum, here’s what we can say. +P38ViXSpe9u-00070-00029361-00029747 Number one, XML is semi-structured data. +P38ViXSpe9u-00071-00029747-00030162 What that means is that it has tags to tell the computer what the piece of information +P38ViXSpe9u-00072-00030162-00030544 is, but you can make the tags whatever you want them to be. +P38ViXSpe9u-00073-00030544-00031500 And, XML is very common for web data and it’s really easy to translate the format XML/HTML/CSV +P38ViXSpe9u-00074-00031500-00031600 so on and so forth. +P38ViXSpe9u-00075-00031600-00032032 It’s really easy to translate them back and forth which gives you a lot of flexibility +P38ViXSpe9u-00076-00032032-00032495 in manipulating data so can get into the format you need for your own analysis. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00000-00000704-00001126 Pelosi Calls For ‘Riots Across Country’ After Trump Shocked Her With Nasty Surprise +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00001-00001126-00001592 There’s nothing like watching Nancy Pelosi conjure her inner actress and portray fake +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00002-00001592-00001692 rage over a non-issue. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00003-00001692-00002252 But, hey, if you’re the House Minority Leader of the losing Democratic Party facing President +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00004-00002252-00002603 Donald Trump’s common sense, that’s all you can do. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00005-00002603-00003015 The new issue the Democrats are displaying mock outrage over is illegal children at the +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00006-00003015-00003234 border “being ripped apart from their parents.” +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00007-00003234-00003531 The leftists really do one thing right: messaging. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00008-00003531-00004029 So, the Democrats, along with their partners in the mainstream media, are all on the same +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00009-00004029-00004273 page, showing the same rage. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00010-00004273-00004678 They have been screaming and shouting at White House press secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00011-00004678-00005117 and President Donald Trump for 48 hours about the “horrendous policy of making illegal +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00012-00005117-00005376 alien children orphans at the border.” +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00013-00005376-00005805 The truth is, nothing has changed on the border as far as policy goes. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00014-00005805-00006254 Sure, Trump has supported the border patrol agents and encourages them to enforce the +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00015-00006254-00006713 law, but there are no new laws on immigration since Trump took office, thanks to the Democrats +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00016-00006713-00006931 refusing to work with Trump. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00017-00006931-00007148 But, the Democrats are desperate. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00018-00007148-00007684 A shocking report came out from liberal sources cited by CNN’s Fareed Zakaria, triggering +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00019-00007684-00007817 the snowflakes. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00020-00007817-00008274 The recent study proved the Democratic Party is at its weakest point in a 100 years —thanks +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00021-00008274-00008438 to Barack Obama. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00022-00008438-00009064 Zakaria said, “When you tally up their representation in Congress, state legislatures, and governorships, +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00023-00009064-00009581 the Democrats almost have their lowest representation in about 100 years,” and he went on to warn, +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00024-00009581-00009793 “it’s not getting any better in the near future.” +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00025-00009793-00010171 Now, you can see why Pelosi is unhinged. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00026-00010171-00010570 President Trump further set her off after he said he would not sign the horrendous immigration +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00027-00010570-00010841 bill currently in the House because it did not fund the wall. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00028-00010841-00011062 Well, that’s a no-brainer. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00029-00011062-00011433 If the Democrats are so worried about the poor orphans at the border, maybe they should +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00030-00011433-00011568 fund the wall. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00031-00011568-00011900 Oh, but no, that makes too much sense. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00032-00011900-00012066 Why not call for riots? +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00033-00012066-00012557 The Washington Times reports, “House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi told reporters on Thursday +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00034-00012557-00012959 that she is confused why Americans aren’t ‘uprising’ against the Trump administration +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00035-00012959-00013187 over conditions on the border with Mexico.” +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00036-00013187-00013597 “I just don’t even know why there aren’t uprisings all over the country, and maybe +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00037-00013597-00014000 there will be when people realize that this is a policy that they defend,” she said. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00038-00014000-00014405 “It’s a horrible thing, and I don’t see any prospect for legislation here.” +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00039-00014405-00014505 Wow. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00040-00014505-00014922 Don’t you just love the selective moral outrage coming from a woman and her party +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00041-00014922-00015374 who are perfectly fine murdering over 600,000 Americans in the womb every year? +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00042-00015374-00015627 Oh, but the poor children at the border. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00043-00015627-00016040 Yeah, Pelosi and her Democratic Party are the biggest hypocrites, yet guess who she +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00044-00016040-00016256 just labeled as hypocritical? +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00045-00016256-00016556 If you guessed Trump-supporting Christians, you are correct. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00046-00016556-00017020 Yep, Pelosi actually had the gall to call Christians who support the president’s immigration +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00047-00017020-00017180 stance hypocrites. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00048-00017180-00017550 She said “people of faith,” but it’s clear who she meant since she referenced “the +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00049-00017550-00017650 Bible.” +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00050-00017650-00018114 “The very hypocrisy of the Attorney General to quote the Bible, the hypocrisy of all people +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00051-00018114-00018541 of faith in our country not to clamor for what the administration is doing to end — whether +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00052-00018541-00018905 it’s to deprive the dreamers of the respect they deserve or whether its taking babies +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00053-00018905-00019243 away from their mothers and fathers,” Pelosi said. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00054-00019243-00019761 Well, Mexican-American Anna Paulina responded to Pelosi from the sanctuary state of California, +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00055-00019761-00020224 saying, “You know what really pisses me off as a Latina veteran and as a woman? +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00056-00020224-00020665 Elected officials like Nancy Pelosi rallying for the minority vote, constantly showing +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00057-00020665-00021171 and taking pictures with Mexicans, saying, ‘I support people south of the border.’ +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00058-00021171-00021595 Yet, they sit there and they then make the most ignorant and unthought-out statements, +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00059-00021595-00022013 for example supporting of illegal MS-13 gang members to keep them in California. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00060-00022013-00022638 Well, I’m sorry, Nancy Pelosi, you don’t give a sh*t about Mexicans!” +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00061-00022638-00022909 People are wising up, even in California. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00062-00022909-00023249 You know it’s a liberal talking point when you see the leftist press corps go off on +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00063-00023249-00023691 Sarah Sanders, screaming “she’s a bad parent and has no empathy,” because she +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00064-00023691-00024029 doesn’t buy into their rhetoric on the illegal kids at the border. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00065-00024029-00024434 If there are horrendous injustices going on at the border, then all Nancy Pelosi has to +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00066-00024434-00024869 do as Minority Leader is fund the wall, and Trump will sign the immigration bill. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00067-00024869-00025309 But, since the left couldn’t find the horrendous injustices at the border, after they tried +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00068-00025309-00025738 but failed, they resorted to posting fake reports of “kids in cages.” +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00069-00025738-00026337 One was a kid at a protest in a staged photo, the other picture was from the Obama administration. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00070-00026337-00026775 Both photos were recycled as happening now as Pelosi and the Democrats cry like babies +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00071-00026775-00026983 over something they have total control of. +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00072-00026983-00027365 It’s the California Congresswoman making her last stand knowing Trump won’t ever +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00073-00027365-00027800 budge in signing anything on immigration without funding the wall as Americans are wising up +P4IJRdXa3Wo-00074-00027800-00028958 to Pelosi and her Democratic game-playing. +P87A_PK8cf4-00000-00001200-00001288 Now, listen. +P87A_PK8cf4-00001-00001332-00001651 - Each couple has a cup, don't they? - Yes. +P87A_PK8cf4-00002-00001651-00001980 - Don't take it, I'm asking if each couple has a cup? - Yes. +P87A_PK8cf4-00003-00001980-00002235 - Each couple has four blocks, right? - Yes. +P87A_PK8cf4-00004-00002235-00002412 Listen then, I'll show you how this game is played. +P87A_PK8cf4-00005-00002439-00002700 Khanya, come to me and we will show people. +P87A_PK8cf4-00006-00003019-00003211 Thank you. Hurry up, Khanya. +P87A_PK8cf4-00007-00003339-00003607 So look, here's our counter we will put on the desk. +P87A_PK8cf4-00008-00003652-00003884 - Yes teacher. - Khanya, close your eyes. +P87A_PK8cf4-00009-00004184-00004224 Open. +P87A_PK8cf4-00010-00004388-00004588 - How many did I hide? - Two. +P87A_PK8cf4-00011-00004600-00004652 Two? +P87A_PK8cf4-00012-00004864-00004984 How many counters do we work with? +P87A_PK8cf4-00013-00005096-00005315 - Three. - Three, can you see anything? +P87A_PK8cf4-00014-00005371-00005524 - Yes. - How many did I hide? +P87A_PK8cf4-00015-00005552-00005752 - None, teacher. - Do I hide anything? +P87A_PK8cf4-00016-00005896-00006007 - There are teacher. - How many? +P87A_PK8cf4-00017-00006235-00006420 - There are three. - There are three, Let's look if you're right. +P87A_PK8cf4-00018-00006435-00006640 - How many did I hide? - There are three. +P87A_PK8cf4-00019-00006640-00006879 There are three. Do it, to me. +P87A_PK8cf4-00020-00006895-00006940 Here it is. +P87A_PK8cf4-00021-00007756-00007795 Let me see. +P87A_PK8cf4-00022-00007835-00007956 Let me see if there are no counters. +P87A_PK8cf4-00023-00008068-00008248 You hide three. You hide them all. +P87A_PK8cf4-00024-00008287-00008756 Show me, he hide them all. Okay, for the last time. Close your eyes. +P87A_PK8cf4-00025-00009195-00009240 Open. +P87A_PK8cf4-00026-00009348-00009492 - How many did I hide? - Two. +P87A_PK8cf4-00027-00009504-00009712 - Two? Is he right? - Yes. +P87A_PK8cf4-00028-00009712-00010135 There. Look, you'll do it with your partner and give each other a chance. +P87A_PK8cf4-00029-00010159-00010379 Okay, then go work with Sibahle. +P87A_PK8cf4-00030-00010379-00010543 Come, close your eyes. +P87A_PK8cf4-00031-00010784-00010987 - Heh? - I think, two is lost. +P87A_PK8cf4-00032-00010987-00011040 Who? +P87A_PK8cf4-00033-00011120-00011207 Where did you lose it? +P87A_PK8cf4-00034-00011384-00011528 let him look for it. +P87A_PK8cf4-00035-00011576-00011656 Let him look for it. +P87A_PK8cf4-00036-00011795-00011856 Let me see. +P87A_PK8cf4-00037-00011979-00012471 If you do it well, I'll give it to you to keep it. If you're naughty, I'll take it. +P87A_PK8cf4-00038-00013003-00013256 Okay, It's your turn. Come. +P87A_PK8cf4-00039-00013336-00013475 Do it, you will close your eyes. +P87A_PK8cf4-00040-00013647-00013700 Teacher. +P87A_PK8cf4-00041-00013959-00014003 Open. +P87A_PK8cf4-00042-00014359-00014452 It's my turn. +P87A_PK8cf4-00043-00014508-00014808 Now look, Don't hide them here. hide and cover with a cup. +P87A_PK8cf4-00044-00014840-00015652 Five, four, three, two, one. +P87A_PK8cf4-00045-00015675-00015868 - Listen. - Teacher. +P87A_PK8cf4-00046-00015912-00016080 Listen, Aqhama. +P87A_PK8cf4-00047-00016159-00016263 Listen. +P87A_PK8cf4-00048-00016515-00016712 What's her name? Call this girl. +P87A_PK8cf4-00049-00016756-00017452 Grade 1's listen, what do you cover counters with? With cup not by hand. +P87A_PK8cf4-00050-00017471-00017731 - Counters are on the desk, you cover them with a cup. Right? +P87A_PK8cf4-00051-00017731-00017936 Okay. Do it again, let me see. +P87A_PK8cf4-00052-00018143-00018340 Her eyes are not closed, come +P87A_PK8cf4-00053-00018947-00019012 One. +P87A_PK8cf4-00054-00019059-00019315 Good, it's your turn. +P87A_PK8cf4-00055-00020163-00020268 - Open. - Wait. +P87A_PK8cf4-00056-00020268-00020552 Wait, let her see what is happening on that side. +P87A_PK8cf4-00057-00020719-00021024 - She's hiding two. - Yes, very god. +P87A_PK8cf4-00058-00021040-00021171 - Good girl. - She's right. +P87A_PK8cf4-00059-00021171-00021380 She's right? Continue and play another one. +P87A_PK8cf4-00060-00021412-00021808 Boy, we don't mix them. We hide them in this cup. Please fix them and do them well.== +P87A_PK8cf4-00061-00021808-00021908 Whose turn is it now? +P87A_PK8cf4-00062-00021975-00022100 Okay, come baby girl. +P87A_PK8cf4-00063-00022175-00022336 Close your eyes. +P87A_PK8cf4-00064-00022659-00022731 Open your eyes. +P87A_PK8cf4-00065-00022880-00023015 - There are three. - There are? +P87A_PK8cf4-00066-00023084-00023368 Good, it's your turn. +P87A_PK8cf4-00067-00023768-00024043 - How many did I hide? - Tell her to open her eyes and see. +P87A_PK8cf4-00068-00024184-00024312 She can't see, look. +P87A_PK8cf4-00069-00024456-00024843 Okay, good. Do another one. +P87A_PK8cf4-00070-00024843-00025036 close your eyes. +P87A_PK8cf4-00071-00025324-00025536 No, you did this. Do another one. +P87A_PK8cf4-00072-00025568-00025812 Hide them all (Whispering) +P87A_PK8cf4-00073-00026027-00026100 Open your eyes. +P87A_PK8cf4-00074-00026760-00026883 Close your eyes. +P87A_PK8cf4-00075-00027112-00027231 Show them all. +P87A_PK8cf4-00076-00027507-00027616 How many did I hide? +P87A_PK8cf4-00077-00027804-00028048 - There's nothing. - Good one. +P87A_PK8cf4-00078-00028083-00028192 Good one, okay. +Pt6ViMlRB-g-00000-00000992-00001288 california is such a big dream. people really love +Pt6ViMlRB-g-00001-00001288-00001864 this place. it was even the point of the next live stream apple is now streaming. +Pt6ViMlRB-g-00002-00002704-00003360 now, tim cook's voice is a little bit hot as it's 20 21. the voice wasn't so hot in a few years ago, +Pt6ViMlRB-g-00003-00003447-00004384 let's get started apple tv plus. apple tv plus, okay apple tv plus is first. +Pt6ViMlRB-g-00004-00005544-00005696 no, i hope they get approved because then. +Pt6ViMlRB-g-00005-00006184-00006400 35 primetime emmy nominations. +PvNXJ4vicu8-00000-00000056-00000680 it turns out i have to stay at least 30 views per hour, but this will include our +PvNXJ4vicu8-00001-00000680-00001288 latest promotion this time, and there is a way to improve it, but it requires a long version. +PvNXJ4vicu8-00002-00001344-00001776 the sorting one wouldn't work very well, and i have actually tried using it +PvNXJ4vicu8-00003-00002000-00002632 again. it didn't work so well, and its effects didn't seem to even stack up. +PvNXJ4vicu8-00004-00002632-00003479 maybe none of them showed up at all, and they were left at 10 pm, which was before i was gonna stop +PvNXJ4vicu8-00005-00003479-00004512 getting views, almost from my video, which is no weird. it's not supposed to happen at all. +PxbAMPQwD50-00000-00000127-00000497 Hi, I’m Governor Tom Wolf. This year, my administration worked to build +PxbAMPQwD50-00001-00000497-00001039 the policies, initiatives, and working relationships that create and sustain “Jobs That Pay” +PxbAMPQwD50-00002-00001039-00001409 in Pennsylvania. We have seen some success in our job market +PxbAMPQwD50-00003-00001409-00001812 already -- did you know that the record high for the total number of jobs in Pennsylvania +PxbAMPQwD50-00004-00001812-00002255 occurred in October of this past year? And in November, Pennsylvania surpassed our +PxbAMPQwD50-00005-00002255-00002628 pre-recession high in the labor force employment count. +PxbAMPQwD50-00006-00002628-00003136 This puts our state in an expansion period. One way we achieved this was through the work +PxbAMPQwD50-00007-00003136-00003547 of the Governor’s Action Team, an experienced group of economic development professionals +PxbAMPQwD50-00008-00003547-00004022 who report directly to me and who work with businesses that are considering locating to +PxbAMPQwD50-00009-00004022-00004560 or expanding in Pennsylvania. In 2015, the Governor’s Action Team completed +PxbAMPQwD50-00010-00004560-00005226 fifty-eight such projects – which in turn created over 4,500 new jobs and helped retain +PxbAMPQwD50-00011-00005226-00005748 over 11,000 positions. And we plan to continue to do just that -- continue +PxbAMPQwD50-00012-00005748-00006171 to expand our workforce, our businesses, and the successes of Pennsylvania’s hard-working, +PxbAMPQwD50-00013-00006171-00006538 middle-class families. Since my inauguration, I joined members of +PxbAMPQwD50-00014-00006538-00007011 my cabinet to travel around the state on my “Jobs That Pay” Tour. We made stops in +PxbAMPQwD50-00015-00007011-00007553 every corner of the state -- Erie, Scranton, Johnstown, State College, Philadelphia. +PxbAMPQwD50-00016-00007553-00008028 We talked with business owners, industry leaders, and hardworking Pennsylvanians about what +PxbAMPQwD50-00017-00008028-00008510 else we can do to help them thrive. I am proud of what we have accomplished this year. +PxbAMPQwD50-00018-00008510-00008802 In September, I signed an executive order +PxbAMPQwD50-00019-00008806-00009364 solidifying my administration’s commitment to improving the participation of small and +PxbAMPQwD50-00020-00009364-00010020 diverse businesses - businesses owned by minorities, women, LGBT community members, veterans, +PxbAMPQwD50-00021-00010020-00010610 disabled persons – in state government contracting and in the commonwealth’s overall economy. +PxbAMPQwD50-00022-00010610-00011188 We made many exciting job announcements -- 500 new jobs in Northampton County, almost 200 +PxbAMPQwD50-00023-00011188-00011685 new jobs at the Philadelphia Navy Yard, 200 new jobs in Pike County -- and this list goes +PxbAMPQwD50-00024-00011685-00012015 on and on . I’m excited to see what the new year brings +PxbAMPQwD50-00025-00012016-00012506 for Pennsylvania. I pledged to create “Jobs That Pay” across our Commonwealth +PxbAMPQwD50-00026-00012506-00012668 and I plan to continue to do just that. +PAEgj0pA4j4-00000-00000136-00000302 We don't need people +PAEgj0pA4j4-00001-00000302-00000434 what do we need then +PAEgj0pA4j4-00002-00000434-00000610 we need bad bitches +PAEgj0pA4j4-00003-00000610-00000686 LOL +PAEgj0pA4j4-00004-00000688-00001125 You mean the Powerpuff Girls? No, I don't mean the Powerpuff Girls you pedophile +PAEgj0pA4j4-00005-00001125-00001727 But what but the 20 and manga you pedophile, they're 20 in manga. I'm only 16 +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00000-00000630-00001176 Hello, with Aliou Diallo from the district ´plateau´ of the municipality of Tambacounda. +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00001-00001212-00001410 I am a member of the "La Voie" association. +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00002-00001484-00001978 I have followed a training course on malaria at the Tambacounda provincial council. +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00003-00002012-00002358 I hereby thank them for giving me this opportunity. +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00004-00002438-00002944 Malaria is a contagious disease caused by mosquitoes. +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00005-00003066-00003860 As an activity we brought among others .. home visits, door-to-door, and we raised awareness. +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00006-00003920-00004452 The 'Causerie' activity calls on around twenty people to raise their awareness of the subject of the debate. +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00007-00004568-00005310 Film projections are often used for social mobilization. The number of people present is most important. +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00008-00005352-00005554 We are then with around a hundred people. +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00009-00005606-00006292 Lobbywork. We also engage in lobbywork to pass on the information +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00010-00006292-00006720 and raise awareness among village leaders, imams, etc. +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00011-00006768-00006948 Pregnant woman and malaria. +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00012-00007064-00007328 Malaria in pregnant women is very serious. +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00013-00007448-00007734 Her life and that of her baby are in danger. +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00014-00007868-00008290 In pregnant women it is called 'serious malaria' . +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00015-00008290-00008640 Because it can only be treated in the hospital. +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00016-00008752-00009744 "Simple malaria" can be cured at the health post and even by people who have been trained in the area. +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00017-00009806-00010540 To better protect oneself, it is advisable to use the impregnated mosquito net, to clean the entourage, etc. +PDf8TWlS8Nk-00018-00010550-00010602 Thank you. +PDs8jA3-9BM-00000-00000005-00000552 How Facebook retargeting works hey there Brad Smith with AutomationLinks.com +PDs8jA3-9BM-00001-00000552-00001005 today I want to teach you how you can use Facebook retargeting to connect and +PDs8jA3-9BM-00002-00001005-00001458 build better relationships so what it is is Facebook gives you a pixel you can +PDs8jA3-9BM-00003-00001458-00001851 put on your website now Google also does this if you ever want to run YouTube ads +PDs8jA3-9BM-00004-00001851-00002303 or Google ads so once you put it on the site anyone that comes to your website +PDs8jA3-9BM-00005-00002303-00002828 the pixel will pick up their information then if you ever want to add advertiser +PDs8jA3-9BM-00006-00002828-00003290 market to them you can only show your ads to the people that have visited your +PDs8jA3-9BM-00007-00003290-00003750 site now exactly how we use this we believe relationships are the most +PDs8jA3-9BM-00008-00003750-00004260 important part of an online business so we only show our ads to people that know +PDs8jA3-9BM-00009-00004260-00004689 us so that means we only show our ads to people that have visited our website and +PDs8jA3-9BM-00010-00004689-00005219 how we can do that is by adding pixels if I went and did an ad to millions of +PDs8jA3-9BM-00011-00005219-00005528 people that have never heard of me before they're not gonna know who I am +PDs8jA3-9BM-00012-00005528-00005978 they're not gonna trust me and they just need to learn more before I try to sell +PDs8jA3-9BM-00013-00005978-00006434 them something but if I can show my ads and my message to the people that +PDs8jA3-9BM-00014-00006434-00006815 already know me and already trust me that's when I'm gonna see real results +PDs8jA3-9BM-00015-00006815-00007200 so I hope this helped please share it with anybody that you know that has a +PDs8jA3-9BM-00016-00007200-00007539 website and might need to set up Facebook retargeting it's definitely +PDs8jA3-9BM-00017-00007539-00007878 something we can help them with talk to you soon hey there my name is Brad Smith +PDs8jA3-9BM-00018-00007878-00008243 owner and founder of help link com it's my mission and my passion to help +PDs8jA3-9BM-00019-00008243-00008661 others with their business so if I can be your coach your mentor help you in +PDs8jA3-9BM-00020-00008661-00008993 any way that's my goal my goal is to bring you value so let me know if +PDs8jA3-9BM-00021-00008993-00009464 there's anything I can help you with and I look forward to working with you +PIFl_RAJiIu-00000-00000003-00000309 Hi everybody and welcome back to Plants and Lucia. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00001-00000309-00000628 My name is Lucia and this right here is Nevra. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00002-00000628-00000986 Today we talk about the beautiful Maranta Leuconeura. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00003-00000986-00001356 Okay, coming up! +PIFl_RAJiIu-00004-00001800-00002102 Whether you are coming back or this is your first time on this channel, +PIFl_RAJiIu-00005-00002102-00002433 thank you so much for being with me and watching this video. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00006-00002433-00002846 I am a plant beginner and I learn about my houseplants every day. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00007-00002846-00003096 So this channel is to share with you waht I learn. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00008-00003096-00003347 So if you wanna learn take care of your houseplants, +PIFl_RAJiIu-00009-00003347-00003488 how to display them +PIFl_RAJiIu-00010-00003488-00003660 or even how to connect them, +PIFl_RAJiIu-00011-00003660-00004120 make sure to subscribe so we can see each other every week and talk about plants! +PIFl_RAJiIu-00012-00004120-00004414 But now let's get to the video. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00013-00004726-00005071 This beautiful plant right here was actually named after the Italian +PIFl_RAJiIu-00014-00005071-00005416 physicist and botanist Bartolomeo Maranta. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00015-00005416-00005567 And it's actually commonly known +PIFl_RAJiIu-00016-00005567-00005812 as the Maranta Prayer Plant. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00017-00005812-00006004 This is because her leaves actually stay flat +PIFl_RAJiIu-00018-00006004-00006420 during the day and fold up like praying hands during the night. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00019-00006420-00006631 It's really beautiful. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00020-00006631-00006930 She usually grows up to 12 inches tall +PIFl_RAJiIu-00021-00006930-00007218 and has leaves that are six inches long. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00022-00007218-00007520 The leaves of this plant are beautiful, you guys. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00023-00007520-00007659 The one that we have at home +PIFl_RAJiIu-00024-00007659-00007954 actually has very dark green in the background +PIFl_RAJiIu-00025-00007954-00008080 and then in the center it's +PIFl_RAJiIu-00026-00008081-00008356 almost a lime green color; +PIFl_RAJiIu-00027-00008356-00008610 and then it has very beautiful pink veins, +PIFl_RAJiIu-00028-00008612-00008794 that really pop out :) +PIFl_RAJiIu-00029-00008794-00008988 It's really beautiful. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00030-00008988-00009250 The Marantas are very popular houseplants. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00031-00009250-00009514 But tend to be very particular about what they like. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00032-00009514-00009870 So let's see how you can keep yours very happy at your house. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00033-00010166-00010662 In terms of temperature the Maranta plant really likes household normal temperatures. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00034-00010662-00011114 So keep her in a room that is between 15 to 26 degrees Celsius. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00035-00011114-00011362 Lower temperatures may damage the leaves. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00036-00011362-00011622 This plant loves humidity. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00037-00011622-00011970 You can increase humidity by putting her with other tropical plants; +PIFl_RAJiIu-00038-00011970-00012236 they tend to really help each other out humidity levels. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00039-00012236-00012350 Another way to increase humidity +PIFl_RAJiIu-00040-00012350-00012766 is to put her close to a humidifier or on top of a humidity tray. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00041-00012766-00013144 In terms of light the Mahanta plant really likes indirect sunlight. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00042-00013144-00013668 Do not put her in tdirect sunlight, because this will scourge the leaves, +PIFl_RAJiIu-00043-00013668-00013997 and you will notice that they will start to fade in color. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00044-00013997-00014153 And in winter just try to +PIFl_RAJiIu-00045-00014153-00014438 provide bright indirect sunlight. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00046-00014438-00014730 This will maintain some kind of growth. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00047-00015046-00015506 In terms of water, we want to maintain the soil moist at all times and not let +PIFl_RAJiIu-00048-00015506-00015702 it dry out too much. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00049-00015702-00016028 The way that I check if my plant needs water is with my finger. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00050-00016028-00016463 I put my finger inside the soil until the second knuckle and once I feel +PIFl_RAJiIu-00051-00016463-00016734 that the soil is drying out then I water. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00052-00016734-00016946 This tends to be every week. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00053-00016946-00017324 And remember, we want to keep the soil moist but not wet. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00054-00017324-00017606 If you see that your plant has yellow and droopy leaves, +PIFl_RAJiIu-00055-00017606-00017972 this may mean that you're over watering or under-watering. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00056-00017972-00018334 So again, make sure to check the soil and make sure that it is not wet +PIFl_RAJiIu-00057-00018334-00018554 the moist and not too dry. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00058-00018554-00018988 And of course, I love to use the bottom watering method with this plant. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00059-00018988-00019319 You may know that I love this method because it really helps me +PIFl_RAJiIu-00060-00019319-00019787 get the water into the roots from below and once I'm done I can let the water +PIFl_RAJiIu-00061-00019787-00019984 drain down through the drainage holes. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00062-00019984-00020294 So the soil is moist but not wet. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00063-00020294-00020768 You will notice that in the winter the soil is gonna take longer to dry out. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00064-00020768-00020934 So cut back in water. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00065-00021258-00021700 For my Maranta I actually use the general houseplant potting mix that I make at home. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00066-00021700-00021904 And she seems to be very happy. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00067-00021904-00022282 The recipe that I use is 7 parts of coconut coir, +PIFl_RAJiIu-00068-00022282-00022660 two parts of perlite and two parts of worm castings. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00069-00022660-00023040 Since we want to maintain the soil moist but not wet, +PIFl_RAJiIu-00070-00023040-00023298 drainage is very important for this plant. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00071-00023298-00023776 So you can actually increase drainage by adding perlite to your potting mix or pumice. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00072-00023776-00023981 Another way to make sure that you have proper drainage +PIFl_RAJiIu-00073-00023981-00024451 is to add some rocks to the bottom of the pot and make sure to always have a +PIFl_RAJiIu-00074-00024451-00024614 pot with drainage holes. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00075-00024614-00024954 These really help prevent over-watering our plants. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00076-00025294-00025739 In the growing season, I'm actually fertilizing this plant pretty much every time we water. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00077-00025739-00026012 This is because we use an organic fertilizer, +PIFl_RAJiIu-00078-00026012-00026420 and this tends to be less concentrated than the synthetic fertilizers. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00079-00026420-00027048 But of course read the instructions on your fertilizer so you make sure not to over fertilize your plant. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00080-00027048-00027302 Too much fertilizer can actually burn the roots, +PIFl_RAJiIu-00081-00027302-00027383 and you will notice that +PIFl_RAJiIu-00082-00027383-00027838 your plant is not happy because you will start noticing browning of the leaves. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00083-00027838-00028356 And in winter, as your plant is going into dormancy cut back on fertilizer. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00084-00028356-00028632 This is the fertilizer that we are using this year. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00085-00028632-00028989 It's really good because it's actually organic and vegan. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00086-00028989-00029242 And it has proven to be really good for our plants. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00087-00029242-00029594 So if we want to check it out, I have a link in the description down below so +PIFl_RAJiIu-00088-00029594-00029680 you can find it. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00089-00030002-00030152 As these plants grow slower, +PIFl_RAJiIu-00090-00030152-00030366 you don't need to repot them very often. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00091-00030366-00030662 If your plant is root bound or pot bound, +PIFl_RAJiIu-00092-00030662-00030883 you will notice slower growth. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00093-00030883-00031222 And this can be a good sign that your plant needs repotting. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00094-00031222-00031383 When you do report your plant, +PIFl_RAJiIu-00095-00031383-00031933 make sure that the newer pot is only one to two sizes bigger than the previous pot. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00096-00031933-00032324 That way your plant will not suffer so much shock to the new environment. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00097-00032324-00032660 And it also helps to prevent over-watering. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00098-00032980-00033286 The Maranta Prayer plant is very easy to propagate. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00099-00033286-00033534 In fact you can propagate it in two ways: +PIFl_RAJiIu-00100-00033534-00033782 with cuttings in water and by division. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00101-00033782-00034066 We're actually propagating this plant at this moment, +PIFl_RAJiIu-00102-00034066-00034232 and it's growing really well. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00103-00034232-00034480 If you want to learn about these two methods of propagation, +PIFl_RAJiIu-00104-00034480-00034632 I actually made a video about them +PIFl_RAJiIu-00105-00034632-00034992 and I also talk about another method that you can use for other plants. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00106-00034992-00035246 And this plant was that star in that video. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00107-00035246-00035480 So make sure to check it out. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00108-00035480-00035962 Okay my dear friends, these are some of the tips that I can give you about this beautiful plant. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00109-00035966-00036148 Do you have a Maranta at home? +PIFl_RAJiIu-00110-00036148-00036306 How do you take care of it? +PIFl_RAJiIu-00111-00036306-00036580 Make sure to comment below so we can all learn together :) +PIFl_RAJiIu-00112-00036580-00036778 If you would like to be part of this community, +PIFl_RAJiIu-00113-00036778-00036920 you,re always welcome. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00114-00036920-00037406 So make sure to subscribe so we can see each other every week and talk about plants! +PIFl_RAJiIu-00115-00037406-00037738 And as always, I will see you in the next video. +PIFl_RAJiIu-00116-00037738-00038018 OK, ciaooo! Muah! +PIFl_RAJiIu-00117-00039212-00039418 you +PKHpmmn1Lag-00000-00000000-00000389 Sam: So what are some of the directions the DALN has gone? +PKHpmmn1Lag-00001-00000389-00000851 Did it go into directions you thought it would go? Has there been any surprises? And +PKHpmmn1Lag-00002-00000851-00001392 where do you feel like it will be headed? Cindy: Well one of the surprises with the DALN, +PKHpmmn1Lag-00003-00001392-00002106 and I thought when we started it, when Louis and I were working on it's logical +PKHpmmn1Lag-00004-00002106-00002208 structure, +PKHpmmn1Lag-00005-00002208-00003185 I thought that the best way would be to make a structure that asked the same +PKHpmmn1Lag-00006-00003185-00003804 questions of everybody and gave them a controlled vocabulary for responding. So +PKHpmmn1Lag-00007-00003804-00004470 I would ask things like "What state do you live in?" and then I'd give 50 or so +PKHpmmn1Lag-00008-00004523-00005193 opportunities, and they'd have to choose, you know, Alaska, Nebraska, Ohio, whatever. +PKHpmmn1Lag-00009-00005310-00006159 Louis, however, in all his brilliance talked us, talked me into thinking about this is +PKHpmmn1Lag-00010-00006159-00006296 a folksonomy, +PKHpmmn1Lag-00011-00006296-00006786 that is, you might ask the question but there was no controlled vocabulary for +PKHpmmn1Lag-00012-00006786-00007518 responding. So if I would were to ask something like "What is your +PKHpmmn1Lag-00013-00007747-00008260 sexual orientation?" or "Would you like to self-identify with regard to your sexual +PKHpmmn1Lag-00014-00008260-00008401 orientation?" +PKHpmmn1Lag-00015-00008401-00008851 If I had forced choice it would have been gay, straight, +PKHpmmn1Lag-00016-00008902-00009376 you know, maybe I'd have two or three different choices. But with a folksonomy +PKHpmmn1Lag-00017-00009430-00010120 individuals put in their own identifying term, and because they use their own +PKHpmmn1Lag-00018-00010120-00010507 identifying term, and because they are located in time and space, +PKHpmmn1Lag-00019-00010597-00011221 the terms that they choose also become data for anybody thinking about how to +PKHpmmn1Lag-00020-00011221-00011701 look at the narratives and the literacies that +PKHpmmn1Lag-00021-00011701-00011845 happen. +PKHpmmn1Lag-00022-00011845-00012682 For example, if we'd had a controlled vocabulary, we might have chosen +PKHpmmn1Lag-00023-00012682-00012985 to a question like "What is your race?" +PKHpmmn1Lag-00024-00012985-00013441 we might have had "African-American," "Caucasian," you know, four or five +PKHpmmn1Lag-00025-00013441-00014275 different selections. But because we opened it up to people's own description +PKHpmmn1Lag-00026-00014275-00014890 we find out that some generations preferred to talk -- to use the term +PKHpmmn1Lag-00027-00014890-00015487 "African-Americans," some generations and some people "blacks," some generations and +PKHpmmn1Lag-00028-00015487-00015775 people "African oriented," +PKHpmmn1Lag-00029-00015775-00016465 you know, there are, there might be 20 terms for race in the DALN. +PKHpmmn1Lag-00030-00016531-00017047 It might be 20 terms for sexual orientation in the DALN, and all of those +PKHpmmn1Lag-00031-00017047-00017620 terms, all of those choices provide us data about how people self-identify +PKHpmmn1Lag-00032-00017620-00018181 and then carry that self-identification into some connection with literacy. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00000-00000088-00000488 After 21 days at sea, we finally arrived in Barbados. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00001-00000488-00000976 We celebrated it Caribbean style with some rum punch in Carlisle Bay. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00002-00000976-00001218 First Rum-Punch in Barbados. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00003-00001218-00001440 West indies cheers +PLWSPSy1j1g-00004-00001440-00002397 It was a huge difference to come to Barbados from Europe, and it was loud! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00005-00002400-00003024 It was like being in the middle of a crazy Disco. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00006-00005136-00006064 Eeh, Yes, so we didn't end up filming that much in the end. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00007-00006064-00006640 We came into Port st Charles on the northern end of Barbados. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00008-00006643-00007428 And we cleard into the country, and then we made a day-sail 10Nm down to Bridgetown and +PLWSPSy1j1g-00009-00007428-00007528 Carlisle Bay. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00010-00007528-00008322 Where we are now watching the sunset and having a little whiskey. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00011-00008322-00008810 Just as we were entering the bay our engine died again. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00012-00008810-00009711 So we had to Jerry-rig a diesel tank next to the engine and we ran it just up to the +PLWSPSy1j1g-00013-00009711-00009938 anchorage and droped the hook. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00014-00009938-00010602 As far out as we could so we are really far away from shore and we don't have an engine +PLWSPSy1j1g-00015-00010602-00010702 for the dinghy. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00016-00010702-00011396 so that sucks, but atleast we are here we crossed the atlantic, cheers! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00017-00011396-00012285 Let me show you what it looks like. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00018-00012285-00013022 A Few days later Leo and I arrived, we had not seen Chris for a month and it was so good +PLWSPSy1j1g-00019-00013022-00013277 to finaly be together again. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00020-00013277-00013619 After having been in a Cold calm and Snowy Stockholm +PLWSPSy1j1g-00021-00013619-00014347 It's minus 11 now, it's really Cold! we were now ready to explore a boiling 30 degrees +PLWSPSy1j1g-00022-00014347-00014491 hot and busy Barbados. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00023-00014496-00015104 It was a huge contrast for us and the first impression was that it was so loud! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00024-00015696-00016336 Yeah it didn't really matter where we were, even if we were in our boat far out in the +PLWSPSy1j1g-00025-00016336-00016896 anchorage Barbados made sure that the party came to us! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00026-00017664-00018096 All day and all night! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00027-00018576-00019120 Luckily Leo slept like a log and was full of energy during the days! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00028-00019124-00019594 Here we are in the centre of Bridgetown and just behind me here is where we tie the dinghy +PLWSPSy1j1g-00029-00019594-00019694 up. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00030-00019694-00020575 There is a small Harbour here were we could tie up the boat but it's, yeah, it's quite +PLWSPSy1j1g-00031-00020575-00020712 noicy in here. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00032-00020712-00021440 But it was not only loud, it was also incredbly beautiful with paradise beaches and the sunsets +PLWSPSy1j1g-00033-00021440-00021728 behind our boat were just amazing! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00034-00023232-00023488 Can mommy get a kiss? +PLWSPSy1j1g-00035-00023904-00024720 The day after we arrived we celebreated Chris birthday at the perfect place, the beach! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00036-00024720-00024920 Happy birthday Chris. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00037-00024920-00025232 Oh! and we got to play with our new Gopro! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00038-00028019-00028495 After that the time had come to say goodbye to Chris mom and the crew who had joined him +PLWSPSy1j1g-00039-00028500-00028656 on the Atlantic crossing. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00040-00028656-00028852 Thank you very much! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00041-00028852-00029112 Nice to be here. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00042-00029112-00029577 Now im leaving Yemaya, after spending over a month on the ship, taking her from Las Palmas +PLWSPSy1j1g-00043-00029583-00030416 to Barbados, It's been a beautiful time with nice sail and good company. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00044-00030416-00030992 So it feels quite good to go back home again to the winter and the cold and the snow. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00045-00031152-00031439 But it's has it's positive sides too. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00046-00032256-00033088 And hopefully these guys can afford to buy a outboard to the dinghy soon. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00047-00033264-00033504 cause it's alot of rowing! it's really a hassle. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00048-00034188-00034448 Paperwork Lot's of paperwork! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00049-00034600-00035204 We had to fll out all the forms again, because apparently it wasn't possible to clear out +PLWSPSy1j1g-00050-00035204-00035888 from this port! so, if you are coming to Barbados i would +PLWSPSy1j1g-00051-00035888-00036424 definetley suggest going to Port St vincent, or no Porrt st Charles up in the northern +PLWSPSy1j1g-00052-00036424-00036604 part of Barbados. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00053-00036648-00037368 To clear in and out of the country So now we are signing off our crew here and +PLWSPSy1j1g-00054-00037376-00037524 will see how that goes! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00055-00037720-00037940 If you don't want to bring it anyway? +PLWSPSy1j1g-00056-00038020-00038192 It's bigger so you can fit everything in there. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00057-00038192-00038432 yes and it's a bit of protection also. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00058-00038472-00038904 Bye bye Bye bye +PLWSPSy1j1g-00059-00039264-00039548 the next day we jumped into the dinghy to +PLWSPSy1j1g-00060-00039549-00039649 go exploring. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00061-00039649-00040193 It was a bit frustrating not to have and outboard especially since the current was quite strong +PLWSPSy1j1g-00062-00040193-00040356 going into town. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00063-00040356-00040584 How does it feel Chris? +PLWSPSy1j1g-00064-00040584-00041400 Are you getting tired of this? yeah im getting super tired of this, rowing against the stream. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00065-00041468-00042012 against the wind, against the current. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00066-00042012-00042692 Luckily we had a little helper keeping a good lookout so that Chris didn't hit any boys. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00067-00042692-00043236 Film that bouy with the current! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00068-00043408-00044148 So Today we are going to go underwater exploring. and check out the wrecks here in Barbados. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00069-00044148-00045022 there is supposed to be some cool wreck to snorkel on, so thats gonna be nice! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00070-00045022-00045488 while Chris went snorkeling on the wreck I stayed with Leo +PLWSPSy1j1g-00071-00045488-00046016 on the beach in the shade, we met there a really nice famly that we could hang out with +PLWSPSy1j1g-00072-00046016-00046514 and i really appreciate moments like this and i think thanks to Leo we meet people we +PLWSPSy1j1g-00073-00046514-00046797 wouldn't have met otherwise. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00074-00046797-00047360 The wreck Chris was about to snorkel on was the Bajan Queen a tugboat that was converted +PLWSPSy1j1g-00075-00047360-00047424 to a party boat due to the introduction of more modern tugboats. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00076-00048640-00049632 in 2002 it was subsequensly sunk and now rests a few below the waters surface. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00077-00056096-00058329 Luckly Chris was alone snorkeling on the wreck, but not for long, it was soon surronded by +PLWSPSy1j1g-00078-00058329-00058663 tourist boats and some of them came scary close. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00079-00058663-00059010 But now the tourist come so then I leave. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00080-00059010-00060184 I have one boat behind me, another one there so i think it's time to leave. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00081-00061960-00062554 After the snorkeling, we got super hungry and had lunch nearby, we then headed back +PLWSPSy1j1g-00082-00062554-00063136 to the boat where Leo got to see what chris had seen underwater. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00083-00063136-00063440 And it was quite the reaction! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00084-00063440-00063544 Fish! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00085-00064504-00064837 A few days after we had arrived so did our friends +PLWSPSy1j1g-00086-00064837-00065041 on the boat SeaWind. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00087-00065041-00065566 We had a good amount of laughs together and they are a really nice couple and if you speak +PLWSPSy1j1g-00088-00065566-00065827 swedish you can follow along on their travels. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00089-00065827-00066312 here is a little taste of it from when they crossed the Atlantic and threw a little party +PLWSPSy1j1g-00090-00066312-00066476 onboard! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00091-00066476-00066776 First Friday on the Atlantic. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00092-00067224-00068016 Popcorn, chocolate balls and sausages! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00093-00068021-00068562 It's really fun to reunite with cruiser friends and to share experiences from the last time +PLWSPSy1j1g-00094-00068562-00068672 we met. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00095-00068672-00069316 it's sad though when it's time to say goodbyeand not knowing if or when you will see them again. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00096-00069316-00069889 being far far away from family and friends back home these moments when we make new friends +PLWSPSy1j1g-00097-00069889-00070608 along the way are truly one of the highlights! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00098-00070768-00071608 gone, What an sunset! It was absolutley magical! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00100-00071656-00071880 really amazing! wow! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00101-00074176-00074416 Beautiul So beautiful! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00102-00074416-00075054 last night in Barbados, yeah so tomorrow we are heading to Martinique. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00103-00075054-00075977 So now we are just going to have dinner, So we are gonna have dinner now then sleep +PLWSPSy1j1g-00104-00075977-00076474 clear out and then tomorrow night we sail up to maritnique. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00105-00076820-00076996 Nice It's going to be awesome! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00106-00076996-00077282 and this was an epic ending +PLWSPSy1j1g-00107-00077714-00077856 Leo where is the sun? +PLWSPSy1j1g-00108-00078022-00078178 Gone! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00109-00079358-00080086 As you can here there is quite alot of motor sound, we left Bridgetown this morning and, +PLWSPSy1j1g-00110-00080100-00080692 just as we were getting up to Port st charles the engine died again. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00111-00080836-00081592 And i think it was one of the later filters in the engine that was full of water. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00112-00082260-00082672 I didn't replace it because i was afraid that i wouldn't get it to seal properly. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00113-00082672-00083030 And i didn't want to take that issue in Bridgetown. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00114-00083030-00083416 so now we are running of the jerry-can again. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00115-00083416-00083844 And we are just getting into Port st Charles soon. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00116-00083844-00084360 so we will anchor up and see if can tackle this engine again. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00117-00084400-00084516 change all the filters. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00118-00084528-00084928 do a service And see if we can leave Barbados today or +PLWSPSy1j1g-00119-00084928-00085080 what it looks like. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00120-00085080-00085296 i will show you what the solution is. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00121-00086288-00086832 This is one of the worst parts about longdistance cruising. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00122-00088008-00088184 This time maybe. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00123-00088824-00088888 Fingers crossed! +PLWSPSy1j1g-00124-00089008-00089368 We were so sick and tired of having problems with the engine again so just put all our +PLWSPSy1j1g-00125-00089368-00089868 focus into fixing it and getting the boat ready for a sail up to Martinique. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00126-00089868-00090299 Unfortunatley we didn't film anything during this time but we arrived safe and sound in +PLWSPSy1j1g-00127-00090299-00090905 Le Marin in Martinique after a nights sail. Thank you so much for watching i really really +PLWSPSy1j1g-00128-00090905-00091275 hope you like the episode don't forget to leave us a like and a comment to let us know +PLWSPSy1j1g-00129-00091275-00091394 what you think. +PLWSPSy1j1g-00130-00091394-00091727 We really like hearing from you guys and it really helps us out a lot! +PS_sdrPDBIM-00000-00001627-00002188 [BODO]: Our main business is design, build, and supply of System-on-Modules, +PS_sdrPDBIM-00001-00002188-00002322 so-called SOM. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00002-00002322-00002836 We used to, and we will continue to do the PCB design in house. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00003-00002836-00003457 After design is done internally, we typically provide the Gerber files to PCB suppliers, +PS_sdrPDBIM-00004-00003457-00003714 either in Europe or in Asia. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00005-00003714-00004459 Lead times start at eight working days for medium-complex PCBs, but they can easily rise +PS_sdrPDBIM-00006-00004459-00004854 up to 50 working days for some more complex PCBs. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00007-00004930-00005570 In addition, we have to pay one-time setup, called setup fees, which start at, let's say, +PS_sdrPDBIM-00008-00005570-00005748 170 euros. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00009-00005748-00006422 They can easily rise up to 500 euros, and if you take all express fees into account, +PS_sdrPDBIM-00010-00006422-00006678 the cost can easily double. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00011-00006678-00007397 Since the common success of 3D printers, there were always innovative stories and fantasy about +PS_sdrPDBIM-00012-00007397-00007870 using 3D printers with electronics and PCB design. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00013-00008000-00008754 So far, I wasn't able to find an affordable equipment of proper accuracy and precision to use it +PS_sdrPDBIM-00014-00008754-00009268 in real, professional design, but DragonFly 2020 is the first printer which is designed +PS_sdrPDBIM-00015-00009268-00009970 to provide a suitable accuracy and precision for the use in state-of-the-art electronics. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00016-00009970-00010746 Onsite printing of PCBs can easily save multiple days in waiting for PCBs. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00017-00010747-00011394 This allows you to get earlier, in excess to functional prototypes, you can do your +PS_sdrPDBIM-00018-00011394-00011625 design validation much earlier. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00019-00011716-00012216 So, the most important benefit is a dramatic reduction of development cycle-time. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00020-00012217-00013036 It takes us 12 to 18 hours, depending on the size and complexity of a board, to print a +PS_sdrPDBIM-00021-00013036-00013136 PCB. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00022-00013136-00013712 This is easily 10 to 15 times faster than ordering PCBs the traditional way. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00023-00013712-00014334 So, within one working day, our production facility gets access to the first new PCB +PS_sdrPDBIM-00024-00014334-00014488 of a new design. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00025-00014488-00015080 Using the DragonFly 2020 will extend our rapid development capabilities we can provide our +PS_sdrPDBIM-00026-00015080-00015232 customers. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00027-00015232-00015413 There are several benefits. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00028-00015413-00016025 First of all, we can improve the quality of the hardware design, because we can do faster +PS_sdrPDBIM-00029-00016025-00016567 and quicker design validation because we have earlier access to functional prototypes, or +PS_sdrPDBIM-00030-00016567-00016802 we can have more frequent redesigns. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00031-00016802-00017216 On the other hand, you can reduce the overall design time, design cycle time for such a +PS_sdrPDBIM-00032-00017216-00017634 product, just by reducing the lead time of PCBs. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00033-00017764-00018644 In addition, rapid PCB prototyping, and especially PCB printing, 3D printing of PCBs, is a key +PS_sdrPDBIM-00034-00018644-00019226 technology in enabling modern methodologies for hardware design. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00035-00019309-00019928 Software takes benefits of agile and iterative design since years, but for hardware, it's +PS_sdrPDBIM-00036-00019929-00020476 still a challenge how you can provide the expected four to five iterations of a hardware +PS_sdrPDBIM-00037-00020476-00021051 design, especially if you consider that you have two to three weeks for building a new +PS_sdrPDBIM-00038-00021051-00021632 iteration, a new redesign of your product, and consider you have lead times, like you +PS_sdrPDBIM-00039-00021632-00021910 had lead times of 10 to 15 working days. +PS_sdrPDBIM-00040-00021910-00022048 How can that work? +PS_sdrPDBIM-00041-00022048-00022922 That can also envision the use of printed electronics in small-volume series production, +PS_sdrPDBIM-00042-00022922-00023135 once the technology has improved over time. +PXpuV34yPxo-00000-00000077-00000606 Hi Friends ! Here it is the technique to do the Foundation Closed Chain Stitch ! Here +PXpuV34yPxo-00001-00000606-00001675 is the drawing to do it ! I am going to demonstrate it , it is very simple take out the cord out +PXpuV34yPxo-00002-00001675-00002653 of the first Slip Knot , take out the cord of the last Chain Stitch , pass it over the +PXpuV34yPxo-00003-00002653-00003985 beginning cord , insert it inside the loop as the drawing , pass the cord to the up to +PXpuV34yPxo-00004-00003985-00004627 gain the proper angle and insert it in the last loop of the Chain Stitch ! After just +PXpuV34yPxo-00005-00004627-00005520 cut the two cords and join them by holding them in fire a few seconds and joining the +PXpuV34yPxo-00006-00005520-00005898 melted ends roll them to smooth the surface ! +PZDQyZgJWmk-00000-00000934-00001178 Did I do something wrong? +PZDQyZgJWmk-00001-00001252-00001487 Why's he treating me this way? +PZDQyZgJWmk-00002-00001590-00001852 All of a sudden he's washing me +PZDQyZgJWmk-00003-00001852-00002116 like two hundred times a day. +PZDQyZgJWmk-00004-00002210-00002434 Why's he being so cold? +PZDQyZgJWmk-00005-00002490-00002802 Feels like our relationship changed. +PZDQyZgJWmk-00006-00002802-00003154 I can't remember the last time +PZDQyZgJWmk-00007-00003154-00003450 he let me touch his face. +PZDQyZgJWmk-00008-00003450-00003954 He won't even bite my nails anymore. +PZDQyZgJWmk-00009-00004058-00004451 Does he think I haven't noticed him using elbow +PZDQyZgJWmk-00010-00004452-00004748 instead of me to open doors? +PZDQyZgJWmk-00011-00004748-00005204 He doesn't even take me out anymore. +PZDQyZgJWmk-00012-00005404-00005742 And when he does it's just for a quick trip +PZDQyZgJWmk-00013-00005746-00006010 to the grocery store. +PZDQyZgJWmk-00014-00006050-00006240 And then he washes me +PZDQyZgJWmk-00015-00006240-00006544 like a dirty hand he found on the street. +PZDQyZgJWmk-00016-00006550-00006670 I don't understand. +PZDQyZgJWmk-00017-00006673-00006866 Is he ashamed of me? +PZDQyZgJWmk-00018-00006868-00007012 I just want to go back +PZDQyZgJWmk-00019-00007016-00007556 to the way things used to be. +PZDQyZgJWmk-00020-00007640-00007952 I miss picking his nose. +PZDQyZgJWmk-00021-00007958-00008258 I miss rubbing his eyes. +PZDQyZgJWmk-00022-00008266-00008578 I miss digging between his teeth +PZDQyZgJWmk-00023-00008578-00008870 for a random surprise. +PZDQyZgJWmk-00024-00008870-00008980 When did I eat Doritos? +PZDQyZgJWmk-00025-00008980-00009239 I miss when he'd pretend to wash me +PZDQyZgJWmk-00026-00009242-00009532 instead of actually washing me, +PZDQyZgJWmk-00027-00009622-00009902 every single time +PZDQyZgJWmk-00028-00009906-00010192 after he peed. +PZDQyZgJWmk-00029-00010214-00010664 And even sometimes after a number 2. +PZDQyZgJWmk-00030-00010670-00010864 Even I found that gross... +PZDQyZgJWmk-00031-00010870-00011574 But now he's washing me after every little thing I do. +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00000-00000001-00001973 (soft music playing) +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00001-00002166-00002622 Hey there, everyone. My name is Tony Troxell welcome to Introduction to 3D Printing for the +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00002-00002622-00003060 Hobbyist. This is a presentation I put together for the Anderson Public Library in Anderson, +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00003-00003060-00003696 Indiana on September 28, 2022, and I thought people might be interested in seeing it here +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00004-00003696-00004362 on the YouTubes. So let's dive on in. As we roll into stuff let me introduce myself. My +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00005-00004362-00005184 name is Tony Troxell. I am a prop and costume replicator. I've been doing it since 1992. I am +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00006-00005184-00005730 a former Hollywood effects artist. I have worked on such projects as The Tick television series +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00007-00005730-00006234 with Patrick Warburton, Blade 2, and a little bit of work on Stephen King's Dreamcatcher, +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00008-00006234-00006792 enough that I count it. I'm also a former licensed prop builder. I have +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00009-00006792-00007194 worked on Battlestar Galactica Blasters for Guardian Entertainment back in 2000, +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00010-00007194-00007848 2001. I used to work with Lucas Francis Studios on Terminator 2 Endoskeletons, Endo arms, and Alien +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00011-00007848-00008424 Xenomorph heads. You know the long heads, clear skull, mouth going out "argh!", yeah those guys. +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00012-00008550-00008916 Um, I'm one of the founding members of the Rebel Legion, an International costuming +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00013-00008916-00009648 group recognized by both Lucasfilm and Disney that covers the Rebels. The good guys. And most +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00014-00009648-00010182 importantly I came in second place in the Fry's Electronics Halloween costume contest in 2006. +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00015-00010548-00011268 Now, why are we here? We are here to talk about 3D printing basics for the hobbyist. So, +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00016-00011268-00011772 we're talking, you know, very base, here's what you need to know to get started. We're going to +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00017-00011772-00012282 talk about types of printers. How to find your files. How to prep your files for printing, +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00018-00012366-00012852 you know, actually printing those files and post-processing your prints, +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00019-00012924-00013247 which I still think I really should have thought that through because you don't do +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00020-00013247-00013800 that sort of alliteration when you're doing a recording but anyway moving on. Types of +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00021-00013800-00014202 printers. There are two major types of printers that we are going to be talking about. These are +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00022-00014202-00015030 the easiest things easiest printers for somebody to get at the consumer level. The first one is a +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00023-00015030-00015569 fused deposition modeling or FDM printer. This is what a lot of people think about. +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00024-00015696-00016272 And then you have the stereolithography or SLA printer which is printing with resin. +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00025-00016392-00016902 First up on the FDM printing. This is the kind that melts plastic and it builds pieces layer +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00026-00016902-00017538 by layer just goes around and lays down layers of material. You print everything from PLA which is +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00027-00017538-00018042 very commonly used filament to carbon fiber. Not something I see many people doing, but I have seen +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00028-00018042-00018720 it at some of the 3D printing events like uh the Midwest Rep Rap Festival, or MRRF, that's held up +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00029-00018720-00019182 in Northern Indiana. Um, this is what most people think about when they think 3D printing. Like +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00030-00019182-00019710 when you're seeing all the news articles about, you know, 3D printing a house. It's the layers +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00031-00019710-00020322 of concrete just getting laid down one on top of another and that's kind of what the FDM printing +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00032-00020322-00021084 is except it's with plastic instead of concrete. Now both methods are going to have strengths and +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00033-00021084-00021708 weaknesses, and for FDM, strengths are you can print large pieces you know fairly quick. It's +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00034-00021708-00022302 you know it's still like, printed some costume pieces that have taken two to three days, but +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00035-00022446-00022818 it's still quicker and easier than trying to make a mold and then run pieces out of the mold. +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00036-00022884-00023430 It's fairly inexpensive to get started. I mean, you can get a basic, you know if you're used +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00037-00023430-00023790 to tinkering with stuff you can get a basic printer for a hundred, hundred fifty bucks. +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00038-00023964-00024504 They're really good for prototyping! Say you've got an idea that you want to, you know, you need +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00039-00024504-00024846 to get out of your head and you want to see it in three dimensions you can model it in something +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00040-00024846-00025668 like Blender or um Fusion 360, get it out on the printer, and you can start actually seeing how +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00041-00025668-00026226 that is, you know, in real life and so you can start seeing what its strengths and weaknesses +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00042-00026226-00026802 are, things like that. Now of course there's also weaknesses. The main one being most hobbyist parts +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00043-00026802-00027510 can melt or warp really easy. Many a horror story from costumers that have printed full sets of like +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00044-00027582-00028110 Mandalorian armor or something like that, left in a car on a warm day and it's all +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00045-00028110-00028650 been warped and melted and pretty much ruined. Um, it doesn't catch much detail +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00046-00028806-00029430 and if you are looking to use it as a final piece it takes a lot of work to make it a smooth surface +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00047-00029430-00029904 and we'll go into that in a little bit. Now for resin printing, it's going to be almost +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00048-00029982-00030516 the opposite motion. Unlike FDM printing which builds layers of material to create an object, +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00049-00030516-00031074 resin printing uses a resin that's activated by ultraviolet light. Instead of building layers up, +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00050-00031074-00031632 the print bed moves up out of the resin vat as each layer is "flashed" by the light under the +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00051-00031632-00032274 vat so you've got this vat of resin right here and the build plate actually lowers down into it +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00052-00032382-00032952 when um it starts running they'll flash UV light in the shape of whatever you're trying to print +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00053-00032952-00033468 and it'll hold that there until that resin cures, it'll turn off and it'll raise ever so +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00054-00033468-00034068 slightly and then it'll flash again and again and again. It's another building up layer by layer, +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00055-00034068-00034842 but it's a lot smoother than the FDM filament printing. So the strengths with resin. It can +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00056-00034842-00035376 print incredibly detailed pieces a lot of people that do dungeon and Dragons Miniatures love +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00057-00035376-00035856 getting a resin printer because they can print you know all their monsters and all their main +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00058-00035856-00036360 characters everything out and get them painted and just chef's kiss make them look awesome +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00059-00036486-00037074 layer lines are very minimal and easy to clean the plastic sometimes is hard +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00060-00037074-00037548 to sand down you'll have to use a lot of filler to get it smoothed out resin Sands +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00061-00037548-00038022 down real easy in fact you gotta be really careful so you don't take too much off of it +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00062-00038220-00039018 and it doesn't matter if it's one item or 20 it'll take the same amount of time to print because once +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00063-00039018-00039750 again talking about how the different printers work with the fdm putting the layers of plastic +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00064-00039750-00040200 it's going to do one layer here then one layer here then one layer here then one layer here +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00065-00040200-00040668 and then go back for the next layer the next layer it's going to be going you know for four +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00066-00040668-00041358 different pieces with the SLA the resin it's going to flash all four of those at once and +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00067-00041358-00041652 then it's going to raise and it's going to flash all four of them again and it's going +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00068-00041652-00042120 to raise and it's going to flash off four of them so you I think you get the idea there it's +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00069-00042120-00042828 it's doing everything at once with the resin as opposed to you know piece by piece with the fdm +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00070-00042972-00043500 and of course it does have his weaknesses first off the UV resin is incredibly toxic +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00071-00043614-00044208 um I am recording this in my office and whenever I'm running my resin printer in here I am not in +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00072-00044208-00044826 here the window is open with the fan venting out there's an air purifier over there and I +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00073-00044826-00045342 keep the door shut with a towel stuck under it so nothing comes out of the office it might be +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00074-00045342-00045792 a little bit of Overkill but you've really only got one set along she got to take care of them +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00075-00045906-00046596 cleanup takes a lot of Labor I will go into that in a little bit and printers that make larger +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00076-00046596-00047124 offer items are still not inexpensive there are printers like the printer I have is good +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00077-00047124-00047688 for Dungeons and Dragons Miniatures and small detail parts for props that's why I bought it +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00078-00047790-00048360 um there are printers out there now that you can print actual pieces of helmets or pieces of armor +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00079-00048462-00048816 um those a little bit out of my price range and out of most people's price +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00080-00048816-00049620 range as you're getting started so going into how to actually print because I mean this is +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00081-00049620-00050124 why you're watching this video I do believe I'm you're not here just for my smiling face +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00082-00050262-00050736 so first off you're going to need a file and you're going to be able to find all these links in +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00083-00050736-00051450 the notes attached underneath this video but there are many places that you can find files on the +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00084-00051450-00052014 internet either for free or pay for them and you know someone's asking money for it go ahead and +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00085-00052014-00052422 pay it pay your artists or did all the hard work for you so all you have to do now is print it out +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00086-00052536-00053250 but some of these places are thingiverse it is an older site a lot of people are starting to +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00087-00053250-00053741 bail from it because it's an older site they don't take good care of it but you can still find some +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00088-00053741-00054438 good files there my mini Factory um really good for finding dungeon and Dragons Miniatures a good +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00089-00054438-00055266 mix of both free and paid files uh printables this is a fairly new 3D printing site it's put +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00090-00055266-00055817 on by uh prusa printers which is one of the just if I had the money that's what I would be having +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00091-00055817-00056346 instead of the ones I have right now but they're starting to take the place of thingiverse as +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00092-00056346-00056729 the place where a lot of people are going to put their models and find their models +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00093-00056879-00057552 Etsy believe it or not a lot of creators will put their work up on Etsy so you can go there +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00094-00057552-00058332 and do a search for like Star Trek STL because uh stereo lithography that's the type of file +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00095-00058332-00058776 that you use for 3D printing you can go look for those and you can find a lot of good stuff there +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00096-00058890-00059448 patreon a lot of modelers will have a patreon account where you just give them x amount of +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00097-00059448-00060041 money a month and they get you X number of files a month and that's anything from Miniatures to movie +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00098-00060041-00061140 props to costume bits what have you Colts 3D is another site that has both a mixture of paid and +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00099-00061140-00061776 free models and they have some really good stuff there CG Trader once again a mixture actually +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00100-00061776-00062274 they're mainly paid models but I've gotten a lot of really nice Star Trek props through that +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00101-00062274-00062796 site and I've got a wish list that's a mile long there's some very very talented makers on there +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00102-00062891-00063384 jegi is more a search engine that browses through all the sites and gives you +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00103-00063462-00064014 results and it's not the cleanest it's not the best but it is there is an option +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00104-00064212-00064836 and finally social media you know artists like to show off their work people that do 3D models are +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00105-00064836-00065274 they're artists and they like to show their stuff off and they'll say hey if you like this drop me +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00106-00065274-00065820 a DM and we can talk about you know how much it costs and they're normally very reasonable so +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00107-00065892-00066528 that is a good one to check out as well now of course there's also creating your own files this +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00108-00066528-00067026 is something I'm still working on so I don't have much information on it but I can tell you some of +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00109-00067026-00067842 the programs that are used and that is Fusion 360 in fact a couple of people um such as I like to +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00110-00067842-00068502 make stuff and punish props they each have courses on how to use Fusion 360 for General making to +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00111-00068502-00069108 just specific prop and costume stuff and I'll make sure to put those links uh in the description as +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00112-00069108-00069684 well not you know I'm not getting paid by them or anything I just have both the courses and they are +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00113-00069684-00070158 both very nice and they're both very informative that's what I'm using to learn the modeling +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00114-00070236-00070764 there is blender a lot of people will use that it's a very common 3D modeling program +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00115-00070860-00071706 and there is tinkercad which is a very basic web-based um program but I've been able to make +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00116-00071706-00072456 very simple items off of that such as if I can figure out how to do it here's a picture of a +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00117-00072510-00073176 attempt I did at making a vacuum holder for when I'm seeing it if I could put like a vacuum my +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00118-00073176-00073806 shop vac beside me and see if it suck up the Dust I got it to work complete with a uh piece +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00119-00073806-00074538 that screwed into a tripod and the hole is large enough to firmly hold the uh vacuum but the entire +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00120-00074592-00075222 idea was bad and it didn't work but it's not the fault of the model now so you've +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00121-00075222-00075918 got your file now what do you do with it you slice it slicing it is taking that model from +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00122-00076068-00076464 well here let's go let's just go ahead and go off of this slicing your file adds support material +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00123-00076464-00076896 which we'll talk about in a minute tells the printer how detailed to make your physical print +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00124-00076896-00077400 how much infill the print should have which is how much materials in between the walls +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00125-00077460-00078078 and it puts it in the format the printer understands many printers will come with +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00126-00078078-00078690 their own slicing software with some especially a lot of the SLA resin printers will require to +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00127-00078690-00079308 use their slicing software and no one else's personally there are two programs I use most +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00128-00079308-00080112 of the time and that is Cura for the filament for the fdm and lychee slicer for resin Cura +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00129-00080112-00080754 is free YG slicer costs I think it's like 35 40 a year but as you're going to see I've got some +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00130-00080754-00081498 videos coming up and you're going to be able to see exactly how nice some of their settings are +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00131-00081804-00082254 now we're going to go ahead and we're going to run through a video here +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00132-00082374-00082746 hopefully it'll look good the video on the video so +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00133-00082914-00083562 but what we have here um right here is the ultimaker cura and so we're going to open that +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00134-00083562-00084036 up and unfortunately my setup is I was capturing this screen right here I've got this screen right +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00135-00084036-00084642 here that everything opened up on but right here you have curin this is your print bed it shows you +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00136-00084642-00085272 how large your bed is and for example this is one of my smaller printers the creality cr6se +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00137-00085392-00086004 and um I'm over trying to find a file for it currently so while you know past Tony is doing +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00138-00086004-00086454 that and making Future Tony sit here awkwardly I'm going to give you some information like the little +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00139-00086454-00087096 uh red and blue lines in the lower left corner that is the lower left front of your printer +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00140-00087096-00087792 so if you want to know how it's going to face there you go now the file we chose is a Delta +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00141-00087792-00088488 from Star Trek Discovery their version of the Enterprise and this is a very very simple model +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00142-00088488-00089136 flat bottom the blue shows that everything is flat on the build plate the red shows there's +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00143-00089136-00089496 areas that might need some support because it's just going to be printing over thin air +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00144-00089592-00090180 so what we're going to do is we're going to going to go into the print settings and we're going to +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00145-00090180-00090732 choose what quality we want to do the print at you can do a really super quality which is very +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00146-00090732-00091398 thin layer lines that catches more detail or you can go a low quality which is just thicker lines +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00147-00091398-00091824 you're trying to get it out there good for a lot of armor and helmets because you have to do work +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00148-00091824-00092442 smoothing them out anyway so it uses a little less material takes a lot less time um the amount of +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00149-00092442-00093108 walls those are very important that's how many layers of thickness there is before you hit the +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00150-00093108-00093660 uh infill so if you have it too thin you're going to sand right through it as you're cleaning it up +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00151-00093792-00094410 um infill as I mentioned before that's how much filament you have or how many layers of filament +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00152-00094410-00095016 and stuff you have filling in between your walls um I like to I normally just stick about 15. +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00153-00095076-00095778 uh 15 um material you wanna always check your materials see what kind of temperature +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00154-00095778-00096606 it requires to melt it gonna go down to support materials now this doesn't really require much in +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00155-00096606-00097122 the way of support I go ahead and do it so those red circles on the bottom have something filling +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00156-00097122-00097626 them but what this does it keeps if you're having something that's printing out over +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00157-00097626-00098070 Into Thin Air it keeps it from Just drooping it gives it something to print on as it's higher up +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00158-00098190-00098646 um build plate adhesion there's a couple of different methods there's a skirt which +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00159-00098646-00099054 does a line around the piece before it starts spraying to make sure the filament's ready to +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00160-00099054-00099660 go there's a brim which kind of puts extra material out from the bottom of +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00161-00099660-00100092 the piece itself helps it stick a little better and then there's the raft which +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00162-00100158-00100920 say you're printing three of these it'll put a layer of plastic on the build plate and then print +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00163-00100920-00101544 these on top of it so that way if it works very well if you have something that has very small can +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00164-00101544-00102342 um surface connection to the build plate it keeps it from falling over so when I slice +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00165-00102342-00102828 this it looks like it's going to take about two hours and two minutes does not take much filament +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00166-00102906-00103488 and so I'm going to go I'm going to rename it and I like renaming my files where I have an idea what +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00167-00103488-00104016 the item is and how long it'll take to print so I can look at the screen as it's printing and go +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00168-00104016-00104442 oh so it says it's going to take three hours it's been printing for two it's got about an hour left +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00169-00104508-00105294 it's not exact but it's nice and then I'll just export that into a memory card or a file on my +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00170-00105294-00106235 computer and it'll be ready to print now as I said before there is there are going to be things that +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00171-00106235-00106776 you print that you're going to require things like supports and so that's what Tony is doing +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00172-00106776-00107226 right now past Sony is currently finding one of those items current Tony has been talking +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00173-00107226-00107628 pretty steadily for the last 20 minutes so he's going to take a quick drink of water +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00174-00108624-00109200 okay and pascony is still taking his time but that's what we're going to show here is how to do +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00175-00109308-00109890 slice a piece that has that's going to require supports +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00176-00110148-00110904 and if I remember correctly the piece that we're going to slice might be very similar to the handle +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00177-00110964-00111809 on this Star Wars Blaster prop right here we're going to be doing this piece right here and in +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00178-00111809-00112524 fact there we go and so you see it was able to it just came down on that rounded bottom and so +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00179-00112524-00113135 first thing we're going to do is get it rotated around so the flat surface on the top is what's +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00180-00113135-00113742 touching the bottom and you can either manually rotate it or there's an option where you can just +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00181-00113742-00114288 click on a surface and it'll automatically go onto the build plate that's the version I like using +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00182-00114432-00115056 um so but as you'll be able to see once I'm done showing the different angles and how to do this +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00183-00115056-00115859 there is those red marks show areas that are pretty much printing Into Thin Air and so those +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00184-00115859-00116454 are going to be areas we want to have support on or else there's going to be drooping plastic lines +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00185-00116454-00116861 and it's going to be a lot to clean up or you might not even be able to clean it up it might +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00186-00116861-00117324 just cause the print to fail so we're going to go in and we're going to mess with the settings +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00187-00117324-00117858 again we're going to do this at a lower quality than the badges because it's just a general piece +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00188-00117978-00118733 um and we're going to add the supports and there's going to be two types of supports that Cura has +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00189-00118733-00119214 there's standard supports and tree supports we're going to look at the standard supports first +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00190-00119298-00119735 and these are just the the you know pieces that build up off the build +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00191-00119735-00120474 plate and they take care of like that curve there but inside those screw holes +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00192-00120611-00121050 it's just going to put support material in there to support itself and so you're going +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00193-00121050-00121656 to have to dig that out and maybe mess up some of the filament so instead we're going to try +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00194-00121656-00122352 out the tree supports and this is a much more organic flow to it where you know when this is +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00195-00122352-00122820 done printing all you have to do is snap off one side and it takes all the support material +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00196-00122820-00123282 out of the hole snap off the other side snap off snap off the back and you're good to go +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00197-00123408-00123996 it's not something I use often but in the when it comes to something like a blaster where it's got +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00198-00123996-00124650 those holes in the side I have a tendency to use tree supports more than the standard ones +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00199-00124782-00125309 um but you know and once again once you're done slicing you're just going to rename your file +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00200-00125309-00126156 however you'd like to name it and you are going to then put it onto a drive and you're good to go +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00201-00126264-00126978 now that was how to slice a file for an fdm printer next up is how to slice a file for +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00202-00126978-00127644 an SLA or resin printer using lychee slicer so we're going to go ahead and start this up +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00203-00127878-00128376 and we're going to go ahead I've got lychee slicer is just right above Cura right there +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00204-00128376-00129011 by the prusa slicer that I mentioned and we'll go ahead get that opened up and it'll always +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00205-00129011-00129504 check to see if you have any previous jobs that didn't finish before it gives you something new +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00206-00129624-00130176 and so you're going to add a file just go ahead and drag and drop so past Tony will remember that +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00207-00130176-00130632 oh yeah I don't have to go to open up something I can just go to the folder off screen and drag +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00208-00130632-00131100 it on here and we're once again we're going to play around with those Star Trek badges +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00209-00131166-00131808 because they fit on this very small build plate this is the printer that I have and like I said +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00210-00131808-00132390 it's not huge it's only about you know that big but it's large enough to do a Star Trek badge +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00211-00132480-00132912 so what we need to do is we need to select the badge so you can see +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00212-00133050-00133650 you know how it's sitting on the build plate and honestly you could go ahead and try to print it +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00213-00133650-00134304 just like this the problem is if something is flat on the build plate many times the suction +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00214-00134400-00134874 as it pulls up will cause it to stick to the bottom of the vat +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00215-00134934-00136044 and it's not yeah it just doesn't come out well so what I like to do is use their magic supports +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00216-00136116-00136686 to go ahead and change it around to make it work a little better and you'll see this because it has +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00217-00136686-00137514 those ramped sides it won't stay down as easily but you still a lot of people like tilting them +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00218-00137514-00138138 because it allows the resin to slide and all that and so here we'll go ahead and do that +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00219-00138138-00138720 and now you can see that these are all they have a ton of supports on them so hopefully everything +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00220-00138720-00139374 nothing will be printing out into midair and they're ready to go but we still want to check +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00221-00139374-00139950 them no piece of software is perfect so what we're going to do is we're going to go over to prepare +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00222-00139950-00140640 and there's a toggle at the side that when you move it it'll show you the layers of how things +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00223-00140640-00141138 are built and so you're going to go to the very bottom and you're going to slowly start moving up +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00224-00141216-00141720 and you're going to see the orange as a support when the blue starts that's going to be the +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00225-00141720-00142416 actual print or the white and right there we have the print starting for the bottom of the +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00226-00142416-00142962 badge but if you look there is no support under it so it's just going to be trying to print in +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00227-00142962-00143412 midair and because remember this is going this way this time it's not going like this +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00228-00143580-00144060 so what we're going to want to do is we're going to want to go to those pieces that are currently +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00229-00144060-00144468 floating into midair and put some support material under them so there's something +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00230-00144468-00144966 for them to print on so we're going to go ahead we're going to put a little bit of support there +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00231-00145128-00145452 and we're going to go ahead and put a little bit of support on this one +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00232-00145650-00145986 and we should be good to go there so +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00233-00146184-00146292 we will continue +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00234-00146952-00147342 and we'll keep watching and since we have that problem on the one side we're going +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00235-00147342-00147804 to definitely keep an eye on the other side and sure enough there's those bottom pieces +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00236-00147804-00148470 that don't have a support where it's going to actually start flashing the resin and printing it +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00237-00148554-00149010 and you know right there is a piece that you could almost Miss but we're going to go ahead we're +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00238-00149010-00149508 going to scroll in zoom in and make sure that gets taken care of or we'll just get it taken care of +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00239-00149652-00149994 past Tony you really should have zoomed in so people could see it but anyway +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00240-00150348-00150810 and we're going to just keep scrolling up now to make sure everything is good everything is fine +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00241-00150810-00151644 and it is so now we're going to go over to export the file which is putting it into the format the +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00242-00151644-00152292 printer will be able to read and we're going to make sure you want to have it set to each resin +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00243-00152292-00152856 is going to have its own properties you want to go ahead and set it so like a clearer resin will need +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00244-00152922-00153540 a different amount of time to cure than a very solid black resin for example or a solid white +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00245-00153540-00154290 resin versus a clear green but what you see here the rendering these are each flesh each +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00246-00154290-00154752 layer those uh numbers that are scrolling up really quick is the number of times it's +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00247-00154752-00155568 going to flush that UV light to make this go from liquid to a solid and so it's showing +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00248-00155568-00156306 you the process of how it's going to go and we're at 900 and now we're at a thousand so +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00249-00156510-00156984 and it'll finish the process it'll let you know here's how much resin it's going to take here's +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00250-00156984-00157416 approximately how much it's going to cost and here's about how much time it's going to take +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00251-00157416-00158082 to print this and because the the screen on this isn't as easy to read I normally just make a +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00252-00158082-00158586 note on a clipboard I keep beside it so I know how long it's going to take and just let it go +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00253-00158730-00159306 but now I just go I could just go ahead and save it on a folder on my computer and it is done and +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00254-00159306-00160104 good to go and that's pretty much and that's why I like the lychee slicers a lot of times you'll +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00255-00160104-00160722 have to physically go in and add those supports yourself or you'll the software will try doing +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00256-00160722-00161298 it for you and it does a very very poor job where this just had a couple of extra supports you had +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00257-00161298-00161760 to add in and everything was good so that's why I like paying for and using the lychee +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00258-00161760-00162390 slicer once again I'm not paid by them I just enjoy their software it works very well for me +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00259-00162498-00163032 now you've got your file ready to go now let's actually use that printer first you're going to +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00260-00163032-00163452 put the files on the printer using either an SD card you're going to hook a computer directly +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00261-00163452-00163992 up to the printer some printers have built-in Wi-Fi there's additions you can make using a +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00262-00163992-00164670 Raspberry Pi to just put the files over to it many ways to do it personally I just use an SD card +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00263-00164670-00165054 you check your printer you want to make sure the bed is level and clean and this +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00264-00165054-00165594 is applicable for both types of printers do you have plenty of filament or resin is +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00265-00165594-00165972 if you're printing a large item do you have a full roll of filament if you're printing +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00266-00165972-00166452 some a large item in resin is your vat full or do you only have a little bit in there +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00267-00166614-00167256 um is your filament loaded is your vat full um yes you can there are times you can get +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00268-00167256-00167616 everything set up and like you've started loading the filament but you haven't done it all the way +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00269-00167616-00168234 because you got distracted and you start printing and you realize nothing's coming out so you that's +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00270-00168234-00168636 believe it or not that is something you want to check make sure you did actually load the filament +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00271-00168732-00169212 now once you have all that checked everything's loaded ready to go you start your print and you +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00272-00169212-00169698 watch is an incredibly slow version of a Star Trek replicator turns your file into something physical +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00273-00169818-00170460 so yay it's done that's it right no no not not quite +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00274-00170598-00171132 for fdm once your print is finished you're going to want to pop the print off the build +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00275-00171132-00171798 plate with a flat object like a uh it's like a paint scraper sort of thing or a spatula +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00276-00171900-00172458 um they have very thin ones I'll try to get an image right here and that's what I normally use +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00277-00172458-00172986 but you can also get flexible build plates that you just take a metal plate off magnetically and +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00278-00172986-00173358 it's just flexible steel and just go pop and the piece comes right off but you got to wait for it +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00279-00173358-00173898 to cool down first because the Heat's keeping it the uh it's normally 60 degrees Celsius +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00280-00174000-00174354 and that keeps the plastic on there pretty good especially if it's glass +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00281-00174498-00174846 um once you get it popped off you just carefully remove that any of the support +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00282-00174846-00175566 material that's on there and you're good to go with resin resin like I said earlier one +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00283-00175566-00176130 of the weaknesses it's very labor intensive first things first you want to put on the +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00284-00176130-00176544 gloves and respirator because remember toxic you're going to get your materials ready +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00285-00176808-00177336 items like paper towels trash bag and the alcohol bath to wash any excess resin off +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00286-00177336-00177750 the piece a curing chamber to make sure everything is fully cured you don't have +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00287-00177750-00178236 any uncured resin on the piece a protective mat so when you're pulling things out if +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00288-00178236-00178572 there's any resin dripping you're not getting it on the carpet or on the floor +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00289-00178716-00179196 then you're going to remove the print from the build plate very similar way to how you're going +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00290-00179196-00179682 to take one off an fdm plate once again I've got a flexible build plate on mine as well +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00291-00179682-00180036 that I just pull it off there and pop it off and it's good to go you're going to wash your +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00292-00180036-00180444 print off with alcohol because there's excess resin remaining on there and if you don't wash +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00293-00180444-00181014 it off when you cure it that'll just stay on there and it'll be lumpy and not look good +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00294-00181014-00181416 you're going to remove the support material but you're going to be very careful at this point +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00295-00181416-00182022 because since everything's not fully cured it's a little bit more fragile than the FTM prints in +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00296-00182022-00182424 fact there's times where I was trying to force something off and I've tweaked a piece a little +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00297-00182424-00182922 bit it's still soft enough that I was able to twist it and I had to reprint a piece because +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00298-00182922-00183468 it was no longer flat it wouldn't work the way I needed it to then you're going to cure it with a +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00299-00183468-00184140 UV light you can either have a curing station that gives you a basket for you to wash stuff +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00300-00184140-00184560 in and then you put something in the UV lights hit it and while it's turning around a turntable +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00301-00184638-00185244 you can put it out in the sun because that's UV light or a lot of people when they're starting out +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00302-00185244-00185946 just get some uh UV lights a uh solar turntable and put it in Amazon box because you're going to +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00303-00185946-00186324 get get a lot of them because you're buying 3D printing stuff through them that's been coated +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00304-00186324-00186876 with uh that you've lined the inside with aluminum foil because that gives all the reflection keeps +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00305-00186876-00187296 everything right there on the piece in the middle and it does a fairly good job of curing +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00306-00187494-00188106 so now now are you done for many of your prints Yeah clean them up and they're good to hold +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00307-00188106-00188580 something like your cell phone or portable game system you know something like this for +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00308-00188580-00189090 the steam deck you know the game system goes right here you've got a spot here to put your +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00309-00189144-00189852 um docking station you know got stuff like that I've got you know a cell phone switch holder +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00310-00189852-00190824 right here you know just there's practical stuff you make that does not require any finishing but +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00311-00191070-00191550 if you're looking to do something that's for a costume or if you're looking for something +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00312-00191550-00192216 that looks polished that's when you're going to really start putting the work in +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00313-00192342-00192756 now for a resin print there's no really not much to it once you're secured there's +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00314-00192756-00193116 some light layer lines to sand down and there might be some small divots from +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00315-00193116-00193446 the support material that needs filled in that's kind of what these white marks are +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00316-00193506-00194430 on the uh see right about here and here those white marks are where the uh um support material +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00317-00194430-00195144 was attached you can kind of see them right there and there as well so but that's pretty +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00318-00195144-00195534 much all you have to do with the resonance you get those filled in and then you're good to go +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00319-00195894-00196404 with fdms though finishing part these parts is a little bit more work intensive +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00320-00196530-00197472 what we have here is a bocaton jet pack from the Mandalorian um and I was printing I printed this +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00321-00197472-00197946 for a friend and this is everything after it's been printed out the backpack itself was in four +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00322-00197946-00198654 four quarters I've already glued uh two of them so it's just half each now and I just started going +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00323-00198654-00199398 through and first glue it all together okay so this is how I finish prints honestly you go you're +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00324-00199398-00200004 on YouTube if you start looking up how to finish uh 3D prints you look at five different uh videos +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00325-00200004-00200556 and you're gonna come up with maybe six or seven different options this is what works well for me +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00326-00200646-00201108 the first thing I do is I take the piece and I hit it with a 220 grit sandpaper to +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00327-00201108-00201534 knock down if there's like any blobs on the surface or anything like that get it start +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00328-00201534-00202098 start getting it smoothed out then I'm going to cover the piece with a body filler I like to use +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00329-00202098-00202662 a spot glazing putty uh Bondo because it's just the easiest available for me I've seen +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00330-00202662-00203268 other people use a spackle it's worked fairly well whatever it is you're putting it on there +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00331-00203268-00203808 and you're gonna sand most of it off so what remains is what's left kind of in those grooves +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00332-00203910-00204324 you're going to repeat this process a few more times until you've either sanded down all the +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00333-00204324-00204894 lines or you've filled in all the grooves and it's smooth so this is what the piece looks like +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00334-00204996-00205788 with the uh after I've done the body filler and the filling and the seams and all that +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00335-00205938-00206406 once you're done sanding you give it a good coat of sandable filler primer to see if there's any +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00336-00206406-00206886 layer lines left if so repeat the previous steps if not then you can carry on the painting which +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00337-00206886-00207540 I'm not going to go that in depth on a painting is its own thing it's not 3D printing related +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00338-00207540-00208416 there's great great videos from odd Viking off Earth 3D those are two great people that I +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00339-00208476-00209130 subscribe to and learn stuff off of on here so look up their stuff they're great but once +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00340-00209130-00209616 you're done hopefully it's going to look more like what you envisioned it to be like this +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00341-00209616-00210078 right here unless like it was a bunch of layers of plastic melted onto each other +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00342-00210216-00210576 so you know you've got the before there where I've got everything kind of taped +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00343-00210576-00210990 together and you've got an idea what the pack looks like and you've got the after which +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00344-00211050-00211908 there's a fairly strong resemblance to what you saw on the show I I'd like to think so to review +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00345-00211992-00212466 yes I am almost done I am almost done I'm sorry this was a 45 minute presentation I'm trying to +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00346-00212466-00212946 make it go a little quicker because I know YouTube is yeah nobody wants to watch 40 minutes of video +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00347-00212946-00213804 on YouTube but to review we've gone over the types of printers fdm and resin how to find your files +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00348-00213804-00214421 so you can find them for free you can buy them you can make them how to prep your files for printing +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00349-00214512-00215142 actually printing those files post-processing your prints which pretty much involves sand sand +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00350-00215142-00215934 and sand some more so this is a part normally live I'd take any questions comments or bad +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00351-00215934-00216426 jokes just keep them clean I invite you to go ahead if you have any questions if you +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00352-00216426-00216978 think I've misrepresented anything anything like that please let me know in the comments +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00353-00217140-00217764 um I've checked everything everything that I've gone over here works very well for me but +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00354-00217871-00218567 everybody has their own methods everybody has their own way of doing things so do you have +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00355-00218567-00219023 something better do you know somebody that did a better video than this that you know recommend +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00356-00219023-00219600 people watching hey go ahead let me know in the comments I will make sure I respond as long as +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00357-00219600-00220032 you're not being a jerk and it's not going to get deleted and I'm not that type I'm not that big of +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00358-00220032-00220590 a channel come on now so with that I'd like to thank you all for sticking with me as I went +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00359-00220590-00221064 through all of this once again my name is Tony you can find me on Instagram under geekbuilding +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00360-00221064-00221532 you can find me on Facebook under geekbuilding and if you need to drop me an email there's my +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00361-00221532-00222144 email address this is probably the point where I do all the hey if you like what I do hit the +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00362-00222144-00222540 like hit the Subscribe whatever I do one video a month and it's mainly for practice +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00363-00222540-00223230 video editing and recording and trying to screen capture so if you're interested in watching that +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00364-00223332-00223871 feel free to subscribe I know the uh I put stuff up the third Monday of every month next month's +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00365-00223871-00224478 video will be the talk that I'm doing on the 19th of October talking about 3D printing and cosplay +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00366-00224532-00225108 so that will be that will be the next video that goes up but hey if you've made it this +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00367-00225108-00225617 far thank you very much I do appreciate you remember take good care of yourselves and +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00368-00225617-00226140 each other the world sucks out there try not to make it suck even more in fact you know what do +Pf69Y3jjfh8-00369-00226140-00226662 you can do to make it suck a little less okay take good care of yourselves and each other bye +PfcYwOamhYc-00000-00000010-00000053 JUST 14 FEET LONG WHICH IS +PfcYwOamhYc-00001-00000053-00000060 JUST 14 FEET LONG WHICH IS +PfcYwOamhYc-00002-00000060-00000103 JUST 14 FEET LONG WHICH IS TEN FEET SHORTER THAN THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00003-00000103-00000110 JUST 14 FEET LONG WHICH IS TEN FEET SHORTER THAN THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00004-00000110-00000133 JUST 14 FEET LONG WHICH IS TEN FEET SHORTER THAN THE LONGEST BOAT. +PfcYwOamhYc-00005-00000133-00000140 TEN FEET SHORTER THAN THE LONGEST BOAT. +PfcYwOamhYc-00006-00000140-00000186 TEN FEET SHORTER THAN THE LONGEST BOAT. THE FIRST PLACE PRIZE WAS A +PfcYwOamhYc-00007-00000186-00000193 LONGEST BOAT. THE FIRST PLACE PRIZE WAS A +PfcYwOamhYc-00008-00000193-00000300 LONGEST BOAT. THE FIRST PLACE PRIZE WAS A REPLICA OF A BOAT. +PfcYwOamhYc-00009-00000300-00000306 THE FIRST PLACE PRIZE WAS A REPLICA OF A BOAT. +PfcYwOamhYc-00010-00000306-00000467 THE FIRST PLACE PRIZE WAS A REPLICA OF A BOAT. >>> THERE IS NOTHING LIKE A GOOD +PfcYwOamhYc-00011-00000467-00000473 REPLICA OF A BOAT. >>> THERE IS NOTHING LIKE A GOOD +PfcYwOamhYc-00012-00000473-00000630 REPLICA OF A BOAT. >>> THERE IS NOTHING LIKE A GOOD COMPETITION, AND AT THE BEMIDJI +PfcYwOamhYc-00013-00000630-00000637 >>> THERE IS NOTHING LIKE A GOOD COMPETITION, AND AT THE BEMIDJI +PfcYwOamhYc-00014-00000637-00000754 >>> THERE IS NOTHING LIKE A GOOD COMPETITION, AND AT THE BEMIDJI JAYCEES WATER CARNIVAL, THERE +PfcYwOamhYc-00015-00000754-00000760 COMPETITION, AND AT THE BEMIDJI JAYCEES WATER CARNIVAL, THERE +PfcYwOamhYc-00016-00000760-00000884 COMPETITION, AND AT THE BEMIDJI JAYCEES WATER CARNIVAL, THERE ARE CHALLENGES OF ALL KINDS TO +PfcYwOamhYc-00017-00000884-00000890 JAYCEES WATER CARNIVAL, THERE ARE CHALLENGES OF ALL KINDS TO +PfcYwOamhYc-00018-00000890-00000994 JAYCEES WATER CARNIVAL, THERE ARE CHALLENGES OF ALL KINDS TO COMPETE IN. +PfcYwOamhYc-00019-00000994-00001000 ARE CHALLENGES OF ALL KINDS TO COMPETE IN. +PfcYwOamhYc-00020-00001000-00001144 ARE CHALLENGES OF ALL KINDS TO COMPETE IN. OUR JOSH PETERSON BRINGS US THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00021-00001144-00001151 COMPETE IN. OUR JOSH PETERSON BRINGS US THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00022-00001151-00001237 COMPETE IN. OUR JOSH PETERSON BRINGS US THE SECOND ANNUAL BATTLE OF THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00023-00001237-00001244 OUR JOSH PETERSON BRINGS US THE SECOND ANNUAL BATTLE OF THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00024-00001244-00001548 OUR JOSH PETERSON BRINGS US THE SECOND ANNUAL BATTLE OF THE MIDWAY. +PfcYwOamhYc-00025-00001548-00001554 SECOND ANNUAL BATTLE OF THE MIDWAY. +PfcYwOamhYc-00026-00001554-00001775 SECOND ANNUAL BATTLE OF THE MIDWAY. >> Reporter: IT'S MAL MEYER AND +PfcYwOamhYc-00027-00001775-00001781 MIDWAY. >> Reporter: IT'S MAL MEYER AND +PfcYwOamhYc-00028-00001781-00001918 MIDWAY. >> Reporter: IT'S MAL MEYER AND HAYDEE CLOTTER VERSUS COLLIN +PfcYwOamhYc-00029-00001918-00001925 >> Reporter: IT'S MAL MEYER AND HAYDEE CLOTTER VERSUS COLLIN +PfcYwOamhYc-00030-00001925-00001995 >> Reporter: IT'S MAL MEYER AND HAYDEE CLOTTER VERSUS COLLIN TALBERT IN THE SECOND ANNUAL +PfcYwOamhYc-00031-00001995-00002001 HAYDEE CLOTTER VERSUS COLLIN TALBERT IN THE SECOND ANNUAL +PfcYwOamhYc-00032-00002001-00002228 HAYDEE CLOTTER VERSUS COLLIN TALBERT IN THE SECOND ANNUAL BATTLE OF THE MIDWAY. +PfcYwOamhYc-00033-00002228-00002235 TALBERT IN THE SECOND ANNUAL BATTLE OF THE MIDWAY. +PfcYwOamhYc-00034-00002235-00002372 TALBERT IN THE SECOND ANNUAL BATTLE OF THE MIDWAY. WE'LL DECIDE WHO WILL BE THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00035-00002372-00002379 BATTLE OF THE MIDWAY. WE'LL DECIDE WHO WILL BE THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00036-00002379-00002522 BATTLE OF THE MIDWAY. WE'LL DECIDE WHO WILL BE THE KING OR QUEEN OF THE CARNIVAL. +PfcYwOamhYc-00037-00002522-00002529 WE'LL DECIDE WHO WILL BE THE KING OR QUEEN OF THE CARNIVAL. +PfcYwOamhYc-00038-00002529-00002739 WE'LL DECIDE WHO WILL BE THE KING OR QUEEN OF THE CARNIVAL. FIRST UP, WE'RE SHOOTING SOME +PfcYwOamhYc-00039-00002739-00002746 KING OR QUEEN OF THE CARNIVAL. FIRST UP, WE'RE SHOOTING SOME +PfcYwOamhYc-00040-00002746-00003910 KING OR QUEEN OF THE CARNIVAL. FIRST UP, WE'RE SHOOTING SOME HOOPS. +PfcYwOamhYc-00041-00003910-00004347 IT'S A TRIO OF ZEROS ACROSS THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00042-00004347-00004354 IT'S A TRIO OF ZEROS ACROSS THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00043-00004354-00004521 IT'S A TRIO OF ZEROS ACROSS THE SCOREBOARD AT ALL THREE FAILED +PfcYwOamhYc-00044-00004521-00004527 IT'S A TRIO OF ZEROS ACROSS THE SCOREBOARD AT ALL THREE FAILED +PfcYwOamhYc-00045-00004527-00004691 IT'S A TRIO OF ZEROS ACROSS THE SCOREBOARD AT ALL THREE FAILED TO SINK THE SHOT. +PfcYwOamhYc-00046-00004691-00004698 SCOREBOARD AT ALL THREE FAILED TO SINK THE SHOT. +PfcYwOamhYc-00047-00004698-00004834 SCOREBOARD AT ALL THREE FAILED TO SINK THE SHOT. THEN THEY TEST THEIR SKILLS WITH +PfcYwOamhYc-00048-00004834-00004841 TO SINK THE SHOT. THEN THEY TEST THEIR SKILLS WITH +PfcYwOamhYc-00049-00004841-00005592 TO SINK THE SHOT. THEN THEY TEST THEIR SKILLS WITH THE AIR GUN. +PfcYwOamhYc-00050-00005592-00005762 >> WINNER, WINNER, WINNER. +PfcYwOamhYc-00051-00005762-00005769 >> WINNER, WINNER, WINNER. +PfcYwOamhYc-00052-00005769-00005902 >> WINNER, WINNER, WINNER. >> Reporter: OUR TEXAS GIRL, +PfcYwOamhYc-00053-00005902-00005909 >> WINNER, WINNER, WINNER. >> Reporter: OUR TEXAS GIRL, +PfcYwOamhYc-00054-00005909-00006022 >> WINNER, WINNER, WINNER. >> Reporter: OUR TEXAS GIRL, HAYDEE CLOTTER, KNOWS HOW TO +PfcYwOamhYc-00055-00006022-00006029 >> Reporter: OUR TEXAS GIRL, HAYDEE CLOTTER, KNOWS HOW TO +PfcYwOamhYc-00056-00006029-00006179 >> Reporter: OUR TEXAS GIRL, HAYDEE CLOTTER, KNOWS HOW TO SHOOT A GUN. +PfcYwOamhYc-00057-00006179-00006186 HAYDEE CLOTTER, KNOWS HOW TO SHOOT A GUN. +PfcYwOamhYc-00058-00006186-00006356 HAYDEE CLOTTER, KNOWS HOW TO SHOOT A GUN. SHE TOOK OUT SIX ALIENS. +PfcYwOamhYc-00059-00006356-00006363 SHOOT A GUN. SHE TOOK OUT SIX ALIENS. +PfcYwOamhYc-00060-00006363-00006519 SHOOT A GUN. SHE TOOK OUT SIX ALIENS. MAL MEYER SHOT FOUR AND OUR +PfcYwOamhYc-00061-00006519-00006526 SHE TOOK OUT SIX ALIENS. MAL MEYER SHOT FOUR AND OUR +PfcYwOamhYc-00062-00006526-00006666 SHE TOOK OUT SIX ALIENS. MAL MEYER SHOT FOUR AND OUR SPORTS DIRECTOR ONLY SHOT ONE. +PfcYwOamhYc-00063-00006666-00006673 MAL MEYER SHOT FOUR AND OUR SPORTS DIRECTOR ONLY SHOT ONE. +PfcYwOamhYc-00064-00006673-00007554 MAL MEYER SHOT FOUR AND OUR SPORTS DIRECTOR ONLY SHOT ONE. NEXT UP, THE BALL THROW. +PfcYwOamhYc-00065-00007554-00007757 OUR MAL MEYER STEPS OUT WITH HIS +PfcYwOamhYc-00066-00007757-00007764 OUR MAL MEYER STEPS OUT WITH HIS +PfcYwOamhYc-00067-00007764-00007961 OUR MAL MEYER STEPS OUT WITH HIS FIRST WIN BY TAKING OUT THREE OF +PfcYwOamhYc-00068-00007961-00007967 OUR MAL MEYER STEPS OUT WITH HIS FIRST WIN BY TAKING OUT THREE OF +PfcYwOamhYc-00069-00007967-00008121 OUR MAL MEYER STEPS OUT WITH HIS FIRST WIN BY TAKING OUT THREE OF THE MILK BOTTLES. +PfcYwOamhYc-00070-00008121-00008128 FIRST WIN BY TAKING OUT THREE OF THE MILK BOTTLES. +PfcYwOamhYc-00071-00008128-00008241 FIRST WIN BY TAKING OUT THREE OF THE MILK BOTTLES. IT'S HAYDEE CLOTTER AND MAL +PfcYwOamhYc-00072-00008241-00008248 THE MILK BOTTLES. IT'S HAYDEE CLOTTER AND MAL +PfcYwOamhYc-00073-00008248-00008435 THE MILK BOTTLES. IT'S HAYDEE CLOTTER AND MAL MEYER TIED WITH ONE WIN EACH. +PfcYwOamhYc-00074-00008435-00008441 IT'S HAYDEE CLOTTER AND MAL MEYER TIED WITH ONE WIN EACH. +PfcYwOamhYc-00075-00008441-00008605 IT'S HAYDEE CLOTTER AND MAL MEYER TIED WITH ONE WIN EACH. NEXT, WE HEAT IT UP WITH THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00076-00008605-00008611 MEYER TIED WITH ONE WIN EACH. NEXT, WE HEAT IT UP WITH THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00077-00008611-00009028 MEYER TIED WITH ONE WIN EACH. NEXT, WE HEAT IT UP WITH THE FIRE TRUCK RACE. +PfcYwOamhYc-00078-00009028-00009035 NEXT, WE HEAT IT UP WITH THE FIRE TRUCK RACE. +PfcYwOamhYc-00079-00009035-00009219 NEXT, WE HEAT IT UP WITH THE FIRE TRUCK RACE. COLLIN TALBERT PUTS OUT THE FIRE +PfcYwOamhYc-00080-00009219-00009225 FIRE TRUCK RACE. COLLIN TALBERT PUTS OUT THE FIRE +PfcYwOamhYc-00081-00009225-00009389 FIRE TRUCK RACE. COLLIN TALBERT PUTS OUT THE FIRE FIRST AND WON THE BIG RACE. +PfcYwOamhYc-00082-00009389-00009396 COLLIN TALBERT PUTS OUT THE FIRE FIRST AND WON THE BIG RACE. +PfcYwOamhYc-00083-00009396-00009552 COLLIN TALBERT PUTS OUT THE FIRE FIRST AND WON THE BIG RACE. THE NEWS REPORTERS WILL HAVE TO +PfcYwOamhYc-00084-00009552-00009559 FIRST AND WON THE BIG RACE. THE NEWS REPORTERS WILL HAVE TO +PfcYwOamhYc-00085-00009559-00009823 FIRST AND WON THE BIG RACE. THE NEWS REPORTERS WILL HAVE TO STEP IT UP A NOTCH IF THEY HOPE +PfcYwOamhYc-00086-00009823-00009829 THE NEWS REPORTERS WILL HAVE TO STEP IT UP A NOTCH IF THEY HOPE +PfcYwOamhYc-00087-00009829-00009979 THE NEWS REPORTERS WILL HAVE TO STEP IT UP A NOTCH IF THEY HOPE TO STEAL THE CROWN AWAY FROM THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00088-00009979-00009986 STEP IT UP A NOTCH IF THEY HOPE TO STEAL THE CROWN AWAY FROM THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00089-00009986-00010083 STEP IT UP A NOTCH IF THEY HOPE TO STEAL THE CROWN AWAY FROM THE SPORTS DEPARTMENT. +PfcYwOamhYc-00090-00010083-00010090 TO STEAL THE CROWN AWAY FROM THE SPORTS DEPARTMENT. +PfcYwOamhYc-00091-00010090-00010340 TO STEAL THE CROWN AWAY FROM THE SPORTS DEPARTMENT. NEXT, OUR TEAM HEADS TO THE DART +PfcYwOamhYc-00092-00010340-00010346 SPORTS DEPARTMENT. NEXT, OUR TEAM HEADS TO THE DART +PfcYwOamhYc-00093-00010346-00010590 SPORTS DEPARTMENT. NEXT, OUR TEAM HEADS TO THE DART BALLOONS. +PfcYwOamhYc-00094-00010590-00010597 NEXT, OUR TEAM HEADS TO THE DART BALLOONS. +PfcYwOamhYc-00095-00010597-00010757 NEXT, OUR TEAM HEADS TO THE DART BALLOONS. SPORTS DIRECTOR COLLIN TALBERT +PfcYwOamhYc-00096-00010757-00010764 BALLOONS. SPORTS DIRECTOR COLLIN TALBERT +PfcYwOamhYc-00097-00010764-00010924 BALLOONS. SPORTS DIRECTOR COLLIN TALBERT FINALLY TAKES A WIN BY POPPING +PfcYwOamhYc-00098-00010924-00010930 SPORTS DIRECTOR COLLIN TALBERT FINALLY TAKES A WIN BY POPPING +PfcYwOamhYc-00099-00010930-00011177 SPORTS DIRECTOR COLLIN TALBERT FINALLY TAKES A WIN BY POPPING TWO OUT OF THE THREE BALLOONS +PfcYwOamhYc-00100-00011177-00011184 FINALLY TAKES A WIN BY POPPING TWO OUT OF THE THREE BALLOONS +PfcYwOamhYc-00101-00011184-00011307 FINALLY TAKES A WIN BY POPPING TWO OUT OF THE THREE BALLOONS WHILE HAYDEE CLOTTER AND MAL +PfcYwOamhYc-00102-00011307-00011314 TWO OUT OF THE THREE BALLOONS WHILE HAYDEE CLOTTER AND MAL +PfcYwOamhYc-00103-00011314-00011461 TWO OUT OF THE THREE BALLOONS WHILE HAYDEE CLOTTER AND MAL MEYER ONLY POPPED ONE EACH. +PfcYwOamhYc-00104-00011461-00011468 WHILE HAYDEE CLOTTER AND MAL MEYER ONLY POPPED ONE EACH. +PfcYwOamhYc-00105-00011468-00011614 WHILE HAYDEE CLOTTER AND MAL MEYER ONLY POPPED ONE EACH. FOR THE NEWS DEPARTMENT TO TIE +PfcYwOamhYc-00106-00011614-00011621 MEYER ONLY POPPED ONE EACH. FOR THE NEWS DEPARTMENT TO TIE +PfcYwOamhYc-00107-00011621-00011908 MEYER ONLY POPPED ONE EACH. FOR THE NEWS DEPARTMENT TO TIE THE COMPETITION, IT ALL COMES +PfcYwOamhYc-00108-00011908-00011915 FOR THE NEWS DEPARTMENT TO TIE THE COMPETITION, IT ALL COMES +PfcYwOamhYc-00109-00011915-00012435 FOR THE NEWS DEPARTMENT TO TIE THE COMPETITION, IT ALL COMES DOWN TO THE DUCK POND. +PfcYwOamhYc-00110-00012435-00012442 THE COMPETITION, IT ALL COMES DOWN TO THE DUCK POND. +PfcYwOamhYc-00111-00012442-00012612 THE COMPETITION, IT ALL COMES DOWN TO THE DUCK POND. >> WE HAVE A WINNER. +PfcYwOamhYc-00112-00012612-00012619 DOWN TO THE DUCK POND. >> WE HAVE A WINNER. +PfcYwOamhYc-00113-00012619-00012752 DOWN TO THE DUCK POND. >> WE HAVE A WINNER. >> Reporter: COLLIN SEALS THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00114-00012752-00012759 >> WE HAVE A WINNER. >> Reporter: COLLIN SEALS THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00115-00012759-00013029 >> WE HAVE A WINNER. >> Reporter: COLLIN SEALS THE DEAL BY PICKING TWO MEDIUM PRIZE +PfcYwOamhYc-00116-00013029-00013036 >> Reporter: COLLIN SEALS THE DEAL BY PICKING TWO MEDIUM PRIZE +PfcYwOamhYc-00117-00013036-00013159 >> Reporter: COLLIN SEALS THE DEAL BY PICKING TWO MEDIUM PRIZE DUCKS. +PfcYwOamhYc-00118-00013159-00013166 DEAL BY PICKING TWO MEDIUM PRIZE DUCKS. +PfcYwOamhYc-00119-00013166-00013456 DEAL BY PICKING TWO MEDIUM PRIZE DUCKS. WITH THE SCORE 3, 1 AND 1, IT'S +PfcYwOamhYc-00120-00013456-00013463 DUCKS. WITH THE SCORE 3, 1 AND 1, IT'S +PfcYwOamhYc-00121-00013463-00013620 DUCKS. WITH THE SCORE 3, 1 AND 1, IT'S IMPORTANT THE SPORTS DEPARTMENT +PfcYwOamhYc-00122-00013620-00013626 WITH THE SCORE 3, 1 AND 1, IT'S IMPORTANT THE SPORTS DEPARTMENT +PfcYwOamhYc-00123-00013626-00013773 WITH THE SCORE 3, 1 AND 1, IT'S IMPORTANT THE SPORTS DEPARTMENT KEEPS THE CROWN AND COLLIN IS +PfcYwOamhYc-00124-00013773-00013780 IMPORTANT THE SPORTS DEPARTMENT KEEPS THE CROWN AND COLLIN IS +PfcYwOamhYc-00125-00013780-00014013 IMPORTANT THE SPORTS DEPARTMENT KEEPS THE CROWN AND COLLIN IS THE NEW OF THE CARNIVAL. +PfcYwOamhYc-00126-00014013-00014020 KEEPS THE CROWN AND COLLIN IS THE NEW OF THE CARNIVAL. +PfcYwOamhYc-00127-00014020-00014267 KEEPS THE CROWN AND COLLIN IS THE NEW OF THE CARNIVAL. >> I AM THE KING OF THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00128-00014267-00014274 THE NEW OF THE CARNIVAL. >> I AM THE KING OF THE +PfcYwOamhYc-00129-00014274-00014364 THE NEW OF THE CARNIVAL. >> I AM THE KING OF THE CARNIVAL. +PfcYwOamhYc-00130-00014364-00014371 >> I AM THE KING OF THE CARNIVAL. +PfcYwOamhYc-00131-00014371-00014444 >> I AM THE KING OF THE CARNIVAL. >>Haydee: THERE IS STILL PLENTY +PfcYwOamhYc-00132-00014444-00014451 CARNIVAL. >>Haydee: THERE IS STILL PLENTY +PfcYwOamhYc-00133-00014451-00014514 CARNIVAL. >>Haydee: THERE IS STILL PLENTY OF TIME FOR EVERYONE TO ENJOY +PfcYwOamhYc-00134-00014514-00014521 >>Haydee: THERE IS STILL PLENTY OF TIME FOR EVERYONE TO ENJOY +PfcYwOamhYc-00135-00014521-00014621 >>Haydee: THERE IS STILL PLENTY OF TIME FOR EVERYONE TO ENJOY THE GAMES AT MERRIAMS MIDWAY. +PfcYwOamhYc-00136-00014621-00014627 OF TIME FOR EVERYONE TO ENJOY THE GAMES AT MERRIAMS MIDWAY. +PfcYwOamhYc-00137-00014627-00014671 OF TIME FOR EVERYONE TO ENJOY THE GAMES AT MERRIAMS MIDWAY. THE WATER CARNIVAL EVENTS +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00000-00000777-00001325 Sam the Bat is safe from leaving the left side of the screen or from leaving the right +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00001-00001325-00001477 side of the screen. +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00002-00001477-00001996 Let's combine the safe-left and safe-right functions so that we can keep Sam safe from +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00003-00001996-00002416 leaving the left AND the right sides. +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00004-00002416-00002816 To do both, we'll need to use compound Booleans. +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00005-00002816-00003298 We already know Boolean expressions can return true or false. +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00006-00003298-00004029 Well, we can combine multiple Boolean expressions together to create compound Booleans that +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00007-00004029-00004410 will also return true or false. +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00008-00004410-00005096 There are two functions we can use to combine Booleans: AND and OR. +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00009-00005096-00005783 The AND function takes in two Booleans and only returns true if BOTH of its Booleans +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00010-00005783-00005887 are true. +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00011-00005887-00006655 For example, if we asked, is this shape red? and is this shape a circle? +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00012-00006655-00007206 The answer would be true because both of the Booleans are true. +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00013-00007206-00007831 If we asked the same questions for this circle, the answer would be false because while one +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00014-00007831-00008347 of the Booleans is true, the other is false. +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00015-00008347-00009052 The other way to combine Booleans with OR which also takes in two Booleans but returns +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00016-00009052-00009515 true if at least ONE of the Booleans is true. +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00017-00009515-00009768 Let's look at this shape for an example. +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00018-00009768-00010100 Is it a square or green? +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00019-00010100-00010418 Is it a star or a circle? +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00020-00010418-00010709 Is it a star or green? +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00021-00010709-00011152 The answer to each of these questions is true. +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00022-00011152-00011761 Use compound Booleans to keep Sam safe from leaving the left and the right sides of the +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00023-00011761-00011795 screen. +Pjr4VMHsv6M-00024-00011800-00012100 Subtitles by the Amara.org community +Q123PEUx2Gy-00000-00000153-00000211 English +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00000-00000003-00000277 Membranes are phospholipid bilayers in which +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00001-00000278-00000574 are embedded many proteins, we say a mosaic of +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00002-00000574-00000819 proteins, and so here we have the classic cartoon +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00003-00000819-00001138 of membranes. If you look closely, you can see that +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00004-00001138-00001380 in an electron microscope picture of a membrane. +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00005-00001380-00001622 we see what's called a trilamellar structure which +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00006-00001622-00001968 simply means 3 layers: a dark layer, a light layer, +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00007-00001968-00002236 and another dark layer. Early attempts to interpret what +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00008-00002236-00002556 that might mean, led to various models for membranes, +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00009-00002556-00002874 until finally the fluid mosaic model was demonstrated +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00010-00002874-00003092 by experiments I'm about to show you. +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00011-00003092-00003411 All of the membranes in a cell, whether eukaryotic +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00012-00003411-00003747 or prokaryotic, are phospholipid bilayers embedded with +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00013-00003747-00004020 this mosaic of proteins. Of course what makes one +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00014-00004020-00004310 membrane different from another is which proteins +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00015-00004310-00004574 are embedded, and to some extent which phospholipids +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00016-00004574-00004786 are used in making the membrane. The +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00017-00004786-00005218 flashing blue box surrounds a region of proteins +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00018-00005218-00005484 in a membrane, and you can ask yourself what +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00019-00005484-00005856 properties does that part of each of these two proteins +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00020-00005856-00006188 have to have in order to be stably incorporated into +Q1fpOjHDpnc-00021-00006188-00006531 a phospholipid bilayer membrane. +Q1DTdaFu9M8-00000-00000003-00000438 Now, let's look at things from the particle's frame. So, from the muon's point +Q1DTdaFu9M8-00001-00000438-00001092 of view, it is stationary and the Earth is rushing towards it at speed, V. But now, +Q1DTdaFu9M8-00002-00001092-00001659 here's a problem. This muon is going to decay in some time, tau. But now, in the +Q1DTdaFu9M8-00003-00001659-00002078 muon's frame, it's the Earth that's undergoing time dilation, and now we've +Q1DTdaFu9M8-00004-00002078-00002664 got a problem. The muon is going to decay in some time, tau, but now, time dilation +Q1DTdaFu9M8-00005-00002664-00003126 can't lengthen that because from the muon's point of view, it's everyone on the +Q1DTdaFu9M8-00006-00003126-00003678 Earth that's living in slow motion, not it and tau is much much smaller than L +Q1DTdaFu9M8-00007-00003678-00004227 on V. So, this is a paradox right? How can someone on the Earth think that +Q1DTdaFu9M8-00008-00004227-00004589 the muon is going to make it to the surface, whereas the muon thinks that +Q1DTdaFu9M8-00009-00004589-00005105 it's going to decay long before passing through the atmosphere. +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00000-00000043-00000143 Hey, what's up guys? +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00001-00000143-00000836 It's Jacob and Taylor, picking back where we left off on Live Local Eat Local, and we're outside a pretty cool spot called El Vecino +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00002-00000880-00001144 Taylor what's so cool about this place? +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00003-00001144-00001367 A little birdie told me that the owner's +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00004-00001411-00001688 great-grandfather actually introduced Tex Mex to Dallas +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00005-00001752-00001964 Sounds pretty interesting. Let's go find out +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00006-00002644-00002910 Christmas-style double dipping +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00007-00003492-00003760 You spill it every time! +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00008-00003760-00004096 That is some spicy salsa. I'm going back in. +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00009-00004520-00004874 I'm definitely getting that— No, don't touch my queso. +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00010-00005274-00005562 Honor's all mine. +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00011-00005666-00005914 K, sooo? (queso) +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00012-00006142-00006342 Ah-va-ca-dooo +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00013-00006536-00006809 Duuuude. That's good. +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00014-00006838-00007244 So we just showed y'all El Vecino and all the great eats and drinks. +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00015-00007259-00007658 Jacob do, you know what "vecino" means? Wait, "vecino" or "el?" +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00016-00007688-00008330 I've got no clue and actually. It actually means "neighbor." So Jacob where can you be a neighbor to this place? +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00017-00008346-00008944 Okay, I got you. Where you're going with that. I've got a great spot for you. 9423 Tarleton. Just a hop, +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00018-00008946-00009339 skip, jump from where we're at right in front of White Rock Lake. +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00019-00009342-00009917 It's a four bedroom three and a half bath 4,200 square foot modern coastal farmhouse. Come check it out. +Q5jN2qUw3kI-00020-00009934-00010377 So Live Loal Eat Local in Dallas. Modtown out. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00000-00000032-00000166 Hey everyone, Karboom here. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00001-00000166-00000264 AND SKARR!! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00002-00000264-00000546 Welcome on this announcement video on Geek Worlds! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00003-00000546-00000936 So, we are now on January 11th +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00004-00001003-00001060 I believe... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00005-00001080-00001206 I don't remember which day it is... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00006-00001360-00001468 It is January 12th. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00007-00001474-00001664 So we are on January 12th! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00008-00001664-00002052 So as we spent some weeks not doing any videos... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00009-00002052-00002102 A month... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00010-00002120-00002346 Right. We are going to make a small announcement... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00011-00002346-00002950 We are going to make a sum up of... first things past and also the future of what we could expect on the channel +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00012-00002964-00003308 As Karboom said, the month of December was the month of holiday... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00013-00003429-00003836 Which were really relaxing I'd say, mainly because I didn't do shit during that time... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00014-00003836-00004122 We discussed all this, reorganized everything +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00015-00004146-00004462 Some ideas we had for the end of the year did not happen +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00016-00004462-00004720 By lack of... time... mainly. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00017-00004720-00004804 Yes... Mainly. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00018-00004938-00005244 So that's why we cancelled everything and went immediately on holiday! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00019-00005266-00005384 That was part of the reason why... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00020-00005430-00005480 So... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00021-00005584-00005676 Mainly. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00022-00005694-00005864 We've been... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00023-00006024-00006318 We've been on the YouTube Team for 5 months, now... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00024-00006459-00006909 It's been 5 months we make videos... NEARLY daily... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00025-00006976-00007454 And we would like to work so that it becomes more and more daily and more... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00026-00007526-00007576 Of a better quality. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00027-00007595-00007680 Exactly. Better quality. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00028-00007792-00008054 It faces two difficulties... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00029-00008131-00008300 For one : we're poor. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00030-00008300-00008362 For starters! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00031-00008470-00008786 So regarding the quality, we can't do as much as we want... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00032-00008804-00009170 We have a lack of means that you must feel when watching +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00033-00009170-00009412 But we are doing with what we have and we do manage nice things. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00034-00009412-00009892 Right. So for now... I can talk to you about the set-up we have right now! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00035-00009982-00010248 So, there's the computer just here. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00036-00010338-00010492 Which is my laptop. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00037-00010514-00010982 We have an office lamp that is our only light. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00038-00010994-00011070 Our only light... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00039-00011098-00011180 It's quite pathetic... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00040-00011200-00011514 And we have the camera just here, which is... a... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00041-00011558-00011638 Canon. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00042-00011654-00011822 A small Canon camera. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00043-00011822-00011934 A Canon camera +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00044-00011974-00012260 So as you can see behind us there's the two new companions... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00045-00012268-00012494 Who will accompany us on some of our videos... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00046-00012568-00012876 So you can guess the nature of the next videos... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00047-00012890-00013038 It'll be on the Lord of the Rings. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00048-00013038-00013152 EXACTLY +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00049-00013172-00013296 With the panda. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00050-00013296-00013460 Exactly. The panda just here. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00051-00013460-00013612 That we're failing to get into the frame! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00052-00013691-00014024 So yeah we are now in the year 2018, meaning we passed the year 2017... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00053-00014028-00014460 We didn't do the year 2017, strictly speaking, because we did only half of the year really. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00054-00014582-00014976 But the year 2018 is a big year for us. There's many changes +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00055-00014976-00015430 There's a lot of... We put on objectives for the coming year... For the channel +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00056-00015480-00015934 Just like our friends from YouTube, being french or british... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00057-00015934-00016034 To who we say "hello"! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00058-00016054-00016744 So first, there's... in the really upcoming things, there's a RPG in collab with some of our british friends! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00059-00016746-00017064 Like Ed from Game Hog to who we wave a big "hello" +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00060-00017114-00017200 Yup. Ed. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00061-00017280-00017638 Geoff and John from FBF... Final Boss Fight. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00062-00017728-00018256 That we also met when we... well I was at the last Comic Con! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00063-00018256-00018644 So, we'll have Karboom who's gonna be there in this game as a PLAYER! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00064-00018770-00018970 Myself as the Game Master. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00065-00018976-00019172 We have Rusty... Rusty... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00066-00019172-00019552 Who's a friend... A friend of Game Hog. And a... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00067-00019552-00019712 A very good Game Master! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00068-00019714-00020520 That too. He does... You maybe noticed that I'm a lot on the livestreams of FBF or... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00069-00020562-00020762 Sometimes of... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00070-00020866-00021348 Well yes of Rekia when he does the RPG livestreams... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00071-00021364-00021946 Simply because we are doing an RPG with Game Hog, and that I'm one of the players and that Rusty is the GM! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00072-00021968-00022216 And... Voice Guy. That's right. Ben! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00073-00022276-00022370 Ben, the Voice Guy... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00074-00022370-00022506 To who I wave a double "hello" +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00075-00022524-00022598 "Nyellow"! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00076-00022652-00023056 Who also joins us on this RPG. You have ALL... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00077-00023198-00023560 You have ALL known him on the video of Comic Con. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00078-00023570-00023934 Where he did his superb voices of... of The Voice Guy! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00079-00023998-00024076 He's famous for that. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00080-00024110-00024418 So this RPG is going to happen... Soon I hope... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00081-00024418-00024714 We are trying to organize all this... Of course it's really difficult +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00082-00024714-00024840 With so much people... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00083-00024842-00025302 With so much people and with people who have real... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00084-00025322-00025500 busy lives... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00085-00025500-00025638 There are not unemployed like I am! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00086-00025638-00025812 It won't be at frequent schedules... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00087-00025872-00026274 Don't expect to see an RPG every friday evening from 5 to 10pm. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00088-00026294-00026552 We're gonna try to do as we can. We'll keep you posted. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00089-00026620-00026718 On Discord... mainly. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00090-00026718-00026768 Yup +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00091-00026768-00026930 Facebook also... a bit. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00092-00026930-00027045 but mainly discord. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00093-00027045-00027277 So here we are. And since we talk about it +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00094-00027277-00027856 There's also a new form of videos we're gonna begin, so I'm talking about the livestreams! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00095-00027856-00028150 So, something really well known by YouTube +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00096-00028150-00028574 It is to be said that we have to thank a lot +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00097-00028626-00028676 Geoff. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00098-00028708-00028977 Of... FBF. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00099-00028977-00029414 Who kind of showed to us how to make a livestream +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00100-00029414-00029654 That's right. He lit the path of knowledge. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00101-00029658-00029964 So right now we're still on the trial period. Making tests. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00102-00030014-00030530 So... probably the first livestream won't be for January but February. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00103-00030566-00030968 Simply because I won't be available to do it on the last week of January. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00104-00030992-00031286 It will be the first period of livestreams... So we don't really know when we'll put them. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00105-00031306-00031583 Yes. We'll see depending on the opportunities... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00106-00031583-00031777 Surely, it will be on weekends. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00107-00031830-00032216 It'll be weekends because people are more free on the weekends... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00108-00032322-00032592 And also even if I find another job, which I deeply hope for +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00109-00032742-00033146 I'd be free on weekends so we could assume it wouldn't be... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00110-00033176-00033276 a pain in the ass... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00111-00033276-00033636 So livestreams would be on games you could resquest to us... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00112-00033636-00033954 Games I have or any special wish I want to do... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00113-00034090-00034554 I'll have to give you the file also so you can put it on your own set up... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00114-00034554-00034628 Indeed... indeed... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00115-00034628-00034900 AH YES! SHIT! We totally forgot to tell that... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00116-00034900-00035182 Unfortunately Angel could not be with us today but he still says hello! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00117-00035190-00035452 Yes. Obviously he is still there, don't worry. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00118-00035452-00035824 He's looking right at you, he is in your home, checking you out. You can see for yourself. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00119-00035936-00036136 So yeah... No he's not here, that's just what we've been saying... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00120-00036218-00036890 So yeah we're talking of french talking RPGs and livestreams that will be mainly french speaking +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00121-00036890-00037084 There'll be english speaking livestreams +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00122-00037112-00037816 All depends on the type of public I'll get. If I have a public that's mainly british... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00123-00037816-00038166 It's obvious I won't start speaking in french! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00124-00038166-00038482 I'll be speaking english because the major part of the public will be english +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00125-00038540-00038788 Or if it's collabs with english speaking colleagues +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00126-00038788-00039174 Because we don't have much english colleagues who speak french... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00127-00039174-00039242 Except Geoff. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00128-00039242-00039358 Yes... that's right. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00129-00039358-00039444 Geoff speaks french. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00130-00039444-00039520 Right. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00131-00039520-00039690 It's kind of weird. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00132-00039690-00039798 It's very annoying, we can't insult him. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00133-00039896-00040318 So what was I saying ? Yes. So those livestreams will be recorded... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00134-00040318-00040564 And added to our YouTube... The entire videos... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00135-00040564-00040734 Of course, the goal is that everyone can enjoy them! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00136-00040736-00041244 So you can watch them again with the translation! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00137-00041272-00041608 Because we will write the subtitles of the ENTIRE livestream! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00138-00041632-00041992 So... All that was for... Yeah February, starting the livestreams... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00139-00041992-00042430 Probably beginning of the RPGs if we don't find a day at the end of January... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00140-00042654-00042934 Also... February... It's... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00141-00042934-00043100 Valentine's Day also. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00142-00043160-00043218 Yes. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00143-00043218-00043298 While we're at it. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00144-00043360-00043618 We're not planning to do something special for Valentine's day but why not... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00145-00043618-00043848 For this year, might be a bit just... but... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00146-00043848-00043986 Could be done... We'll have to see. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00147-00043992-00044256 We plan on doing new short movies also... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00148-00044256-00044568 We did one for the opening of the channel... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00149-00044570-00044860 That everybody... or at least me, remembers... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00150-00044860-00045046 Because I kind of enjoyed editing it. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00151-00045204-00045518 So we're gonna do others for other occasions... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00152-00045532-00046186 So right now in the boxes I have something written for a Halloween, something for a Christmas... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00153-00046206-00046626 So yeah for those kind of occasions, we can afford doing short movies. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00154-00046626-00046696 That's right. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00155-00046708-00047000 But we also have in the boxes, ideas for webseries... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00156-00047000-00047084 Indeed. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00157-00047212-00047506 Well we have loads of things in the boxes. Just have to get them out of the boxes and that's more difficult. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00158-00047546-00047850 Also there's new kinds of videos, like the videos about cinema +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00159-00047850-00048272 There wasn't many of them because obviously the gaming videos where easier to do. We can put it like that. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00160-00048272-00048560 Yes we needed to start the channel on something that... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00161-00048588-00048720 That could be done really frequently. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00162-00048720-00048952 That could be released often, etc... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00163-00048952-00049336 But, in writings, I have a bunch all ready, on a personnal note... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00164-00049336-00049532 of videos about cinema. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00165-00049572-00049932 I got one that's in editing... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00166-00049960-00050334 I could try to release it for Valentine's Day. It would be absolutely not appropriate but it could be fun. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00167-00050414-00050542 Anyway. Right. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00168-00050634-00051006 Videos about cinema will be released all along the year. We'll start with... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00169-00051006-00051192 by doing more short movies, also... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00170-00051192-00051486 So doing critics. Talk about movies... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00171-00051517-00051905 And maybe talk about the upcoming movies of 2018, because there's big things coming soon... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00172-00051905-00052366 I have also a concept on movie makers rather unknown... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00173-00052548-00052916 There's great names like that, that deserves to be less in the shadows. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00174-00052998-00053120 Be a bit greater. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00175-00053129-00053329 Greater and greater still! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00176-00053332-00053628 On my part, I have one or two critics... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00177-00053628-00053950 Of recent released movies... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00178-00053950-00054476 That are in the boxes and that I'll begin to shoot soon. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00179-00054476-00054734 There's ABSOLUTELY no clues in the shot right now... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00180-00054805-00054855 "No" +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00181-00054900-00055100 Also we keep our promise +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00182-00055202-00055438 To keep on doing the reviews. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00183-00055500-00055790 The reviews will continue, for now we're still on Gotham... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00184-00055790-00055958 This show will NEVER end! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00185-00055982-00056391 But we'll do other shows, also shows that are french. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00186-00056490-00056862 That way we can switch between french and english shows... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00187-00056862-00057116 We'll leave you the surprise for the next show. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00188-00057116-00057584 It allows french people to discover english shows and english people to discover french shows. Everybody wins! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00189-00057690-00057917 During the year. In May exactly. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00190-00057917-00057998 End of May. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00191-00058074-00058462 Happens the new session of the London MCM Comic Con. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00192-00058529-00058688 This time, that guy comes with me. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00193-00058867-00059396 Also, know that... it's in the video description... right here. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00194-00059410-00059902 But you also have access to... our discord. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00195-00060050-00060404 Which is... if you click on the link. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00196-00060540-00061017 You'll have access to our discord community... which is pretty big right now... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00197-00061055-00061176 We're starting to have a good number of people. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00198-00061176-00061616 We meet there. We chat, we play games together. It's always nice and fun. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00199-00061722-00062140 And the Facebook page, the Twitter page. Don't hesitate to go on there too. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00200-00062140-00062644 And I really hope that this year 2018 will be... intense. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00201-00062644-00063044 Since we're also going to celebrate the first year of the channel. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00202-00063044-00063264 During the year 2018... In August? +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00203-00063264-00063391 August or September? +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00204-00063540-00063702 We'll have to check that out, but I think September. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00205-00063702-00063882 I think it was at the beginning of September. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00206-00063882-00064112 We started doing videos in August. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00207-00064112-00064422 But it's in September we started releasing them. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00208-00064422-00064529 So it's more that month for the anniversary. +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00209-00064541-00064978 So on that, we wish you a good day, a good evening, happy watching... +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00210-00064978-00065252 And on that, we say see you next time and ciao! Take care! +Q5ZzZJFBFqc-00211-00065252-00065302 Ciao! +Q7E8iYOagNU-00000-00000000-00000423 hi thanks for visiting with me I appreciate when you take the time to +Q7E8iYOagNU-00001-00000423-00000876 watch and comment on my videos do you call a woman after a date +Q7E8iYOagNU-00002-00000876-00001392 have you ever promised to call but then you didn't is it your responsibility to +Q7E8iYOagNU-00003-00001392-00001955 call her or can you get by with a text how can you get better at following up +Q7E8iYOagNU-00004-00001955-00002100 with a phone call after a date +Q7E8iYOagNU-00005-00003400-00003714 in my last video I talked about sentient +Q7E8iYOagNU-00006-00003714-00004152 dating and in step number five I explained that a follow-up call after a +Q7E8iYOagNU-00007-00004152-00004566 date is the man's responsibility why do you think that's true +Q7E8iYOagNU-00008-00004566-00005228 a woman instinctively expects a call and hopes for the reassurance and closure +Q7E8iYOagNU-00009-00005228-00005714 that a call will provide just as a salesman knows the importance of +Q7E8iYOagNU-00010-00005714-00006294 following up if he wants to provide good service and create future business a man +Q7E8iYOagNU-00011-00006294-00006740 needs to call after a date to give a woman the chance to express her feelings +Q7E8iYOagNU-00012-00006740-00007370 about the date and to reassure her that he cares about her feelings giving her +Q7E8iYOagNU-00013-00007370-00007911 the opportunity to talk means you've got to call her don't just send a text +Q7E8iYOagNU-00014-00007911-00008484 a man may feel that calling the next day after a date will make him seem needy or +Q7E8iYOagNU-00015-00008484-00009104 desperate he senses that if he is too excited or interested it may compromise +Q7E8iYOagNU-00016-00009104-00009654 his value to the woman but think again about the salesman calling a client the +Q7E8iYOagNU-00017-00009654-00010110 day after closing a high-dollar deal the client will appreciate the call and +Q7E8iYOagNU-00018-00010110-00010589 be reassured that the salesman will come through on his promises and their +Q7E8iYOagNU-00019-00010589-00011196 relationship and his product is valued even more when you don't call the woman +Q7E8iYOagNU-00020-00011196-00011668 cannot get the closure she needs and she's stuck in a holding pattern +Q7E8iYOagNU-00021-00011668-00012221 wondering if she'll hear from you again the longer you wait to call the more +Q7E8iYOagNU-00022-00012221-00012714 frustrated and irritated she'll become think of it this way have you ever +Q7E8iYOagNU-00023-00012714-00013213 waited for a call from your mechanic your doctor or your cable provider +Q7E8iYOagNU-00024-00013213-00013794 waiting is the worst wouldn't you rather surprise her with a call the next day +Q7E8iYOagNU-00025-00013794-00014368 exceed her expectations relieve her anxiety and make her feel happy to hear +Q7E8iYOagNU-00026-00014368-00014908 from you rather than the phone call making you appear needy it shows that +Q7E8iYOagNU-00027-00014908-00015438 you are confident enough to let her know you had a good time this kind of +Q7E8iYOagNU-00028-00015438-00015877 confidence not only makes you very attractive to her but it also gives her +Q7E8iYOagNU-00029-00015877-00016414 the reassurance she needs and greatly appreciates if you need a good reason to +Q7E8iYOagNU-00030-00016414-00016963 call her the next day after your date I'll give you three number one call to +Q7E8iYOagNU-00031-00016963-00017467 let her talk even if you don't feel like talking or you have very little to say +Q7E8iYOagNU-00032-00017467-00017977 you need to follow up with her you can at least ask her questions and give her +Q7E8iYOagNU-00033-00017977-00018466 the chance to talk about the date as she talks it will remind you of what +Q7E8iYOagNU-00034-00018466-00018925 happened and how you felt when you let her talk about it she'll be able to +Q7E8iYOagNU-00035-00018925-00019528 appreciate you more by listening to her talk about the date you will get more +Q7E8iYOagNU-00036-00019528-00020008 points than you got from actually taking her on the date if you call first before +Q7E8iYOagNU-00037-00020008-00020599 she calls you then you get bonus points if you get her voicemail when you call +Q7E8iYOagNU-00038-00020599-00021076 let her know you had a great time and then ask her to call you and give her +Q7E8iYOagNU-00039-00021076-00021682 times when you'll be available remember she needs to talk not listen or read a +Q7E8iYOagNU-00040-00021682-00022354 text number two call to see if the attraction is there after a date it's a +Q7E8iYOagNU-00041-00022354-00022801 good practice to date a woman again to see what happens with the attraction if +Q7E8iYOagNU-00042-00022801-00023179 you don't think you're going to date her again at least give her a call and talk +Q7E8iYOagNU-00043-00023179-00023764 to see how you feel when talking to her sometimes the way she reacts to a call +Q7E8iYOagNU-00044-00023764-00024286 may win you over and rekindle feelings that you may have forgotten calling a +Q7E8iYOagNU-00045-00024286-00024856 woman after a date does not mean that you have to ask her out again it's fine +Q7E8iYOagNU-00046-00024856-00025297 to be unsure when you're feeling uncertain it's important to continue +Q7E8iYOagNU-00047-00025297-00025876 pursuing a relationship until the attraction dissipates or increases this +Q7E8iYOagNU-00048-00025876-00026452 will help you to discern who's the right one for you in the future number 3 call +Q7E8iYOagNU-00049-00026452-00026760 as a courtesy even if you're not sure you want to +Q7E8iYOagNU-00050-00026760-00027273 pursue the relationship it's still important to call let her know you had a +Q7E8iYOagNU-00051-00027273-00027764 good time and display your good manners a woman needs to hear from the man she +Q7E8iYOagNU-00052-00027764-00028263 dated each time you go out of your way to respect a woman's need it makes you +Q7E8iYOagNU-00053-00028263-00028911 more attractive to all women even if you don't go out for a date but you just ask +Q7E8iYOagNU-00054-00028911-00029424 the woman for her number make sure you call often a man doesn't call back when +Q7E8iYOagNU-00055-00029424-00029789 he's not planning to pursue a relationship because he figures that +Q7E8iYOagNU-00056-00029789-00030266 calling a woman to reject her would be insulting he may think by not calling +Q7E8iYOagNU-00057-00030266-00030647 her he's sparing her feelings however women +Q7E8iYOagNU-00058-00030647-00031227 feel neglected and disrespected when a man doesn't call especially when he says +Q7E8iYOagNU-00059-00031227-00031652 he will or if he didn't clearly close out their relationship on their last +Q7E8iYOagNU-00060-00031652-00032205 date if you've only dated once or twice it's okay to just leave a voicemail of +Q7E8iYOagNU-00061-00032205-00032741 course it's difficult to call a woman the day after a date especially one that +Q7E8iYOagNU-00062-00032741-00033302 didn't go well and I'm sure you could come up with many excuses not to do so +Q7E8iYOagNU-00063-00033302-00033900 one of the main reasons being that you don't know what to say that's why I'm +Q7E8iYOagNU-00064-00033900-00034370 gonna offer you 10 different ways to call and what to say in each situation +Q7E8iYOagNU-00065-00034370-00034983 number one time will tell when you're not interested in pursuing her right now +Q7E8iYOagNU-00066-00034983-00035472 but you don't want to burn any bridges you can say it was really nice +Q7E8iYOagNU-00067-00035472-00036051 meeting you I had a good time with you on our date I'll see you around don't +Q7E8iYOagNU-00068-00036051-00036488 make any promises you don't plan to keep but you can leave her with a good +Q7E8iYOagNU-00069-00036488-00036978 feeling number two good luck when you choose not +Q7E8iYOagNU-00070-00036978-00037428 to pursue the relationship but you want to offer her closure so she knows not to +Q7E8iYOagNU-00071-00037428-00037887 wait around for you say thank you for going out with me it was a pleasure to +Q7E8iYOagNU-00072-00037887-00038472 meet you I had a nice time good luck and I hope you do well at school or with +Q7E8iYOagNU-00073-00038472-00039003 that project or some other thing you know she's working on or planning number +Q7E8iYOagNU-00074-00039003-00039477 three postponement when you're busy at work and just don't have the time or +Q7E8iYOagNU-00075-00039477-00039944 energy for dating right now a friendly call to let her know will be +Q7E8iYOagNU-00076-00039944-00040443 greatly appreciated you can say I had a great time yesterday I have a lot of +Q7E8iYOagNU-00077-00040443-00041024 pressure at work or I have a big project due or whatever it is and I need to +Q7E8iYOagNU-00078-00041024-00041415 focus on that right now I probably won't be calling for a few weeks +Q7E8iYOagNU-00079-00041415-00041915 I look forward to seeing you again number four getting involved with +Q7E8iYOagNU-00080-00041915-00042437 someone else if you're getting into an exclusive relationship with someone else +Q7E8iYOagNU-00081-00042437-00042899 and you have dated this woman at least three times let her know what's +Q7E8iYOagNU-00082-00042899-00043305 happening this type of call is best given a week +Q7E8iYOagNU-00083-00043305-00043856 or more after the date give her a no promises follow-up call the day after +Q7E8iYOagNU-00084-00043856-00044297 your date and then follow up a week later by saying I'm glad I got to know +Q7E8iYOagNU-00085-00044297-00044715 you I've decided that I want to get involved with someone else and so I +Q7E8iYOagNU-00086-00044715-00045119 won't be calling thank you for going out with me I really enjoyed the time we +Q7E8iYOagNU-00087-00045119-00045636 spent together if she asks why you decided on someone else just say that +Q7E8iYOagNU-00088-00045636-00046169 you know in your heart that you're not the right guy for her number five not +Q7E8iYOagNU-00089-00046169-00046553 ready when you're trying to decide if you want to have an exclusive +Q7E8iYOagNU-00090-00046553-00047006 relationship with another woman or if you're unsure about dating this woman +Q7E8iYOagNU-00091-00047006-00047499 you can say thank you for a wonderful date I realized I'm still dealing with +Q7E8iYOagNU-00092-00047499-00047972 a past relationship and I don't think I'm ready to be dating right now I hope +Q7E8iYOagNU-00093-00047972-00048422 you don't mind if I call sometime in a few months this really isn't the right +Q7E8iYOagNU-00094-00048422-00049100 time for me number six not emotionally available maybe you want to take some +Q7E8iYOagNU-00095-00049100-00049581 time for yourself and not date anyone for a while just let her know by saying +Q7E8iYOagNU-00096-00049581-00050027 I had a good time with you but I realized I'm not emotionally available +Q7E8iYOagNU-00097-00050027-00050558 right now I need to take some time for myself so I won't be calling for a while +Q7E8iYOagNU-00098-00050558-00051137 number seven ready to move on if you're not ready for an exclusive relationship +Q7E8iYOagNU-00099-00051137-00051683 and want to keep dating other people but she's asking for an exclusive +Q7E8iYOagNU-00100-00051683-00052251 relationship with you it may be time for you to move on you can say I really like +Q7E8iYOagNU-00101-00052251-00052667 spending time with you but I think I'm ready to move on I wanted to let you +Q7E8iYOagNU-00102-00052667-00053154 know it was nothing you said or did I just realized I need a change +Q7E8iYOagNU-00103-00053154-00053504 thanks and I hope you find the right guy for you +Q7E8iYOagNU-00104-00053504-00054025 number eight wrong timing when one of you is just getting out of a +Q7E8iYOagNU-00105-00054025-00054633 relationship dating can feel out of balance you can say I enjoyed being with +Q7E8iYOagNU-00106-00054633-00055057 you I don't think the timing is right you're in the process of ending a +Q7E8iYOagNU-00107-00055057-00055551 relationship so I'll give you a call in a few months I hope things work out for +Q7E8iYOagNU-00108-00055551-00056091 you or thanks for a wonderful time I realized that I'm still in the process +Q7E8iYOagNU-00109-00056091-00056629 of ending my last relationship and it wouldn't be fair to you maybe I can call +Q7E8iYOagNU-00110-00056629-00057151 in a few months when things get resolved with my last relationship number nine +Q7E8iYOagNU-00111-00057151-00057586 not sure when you're uncertain about a woman +Q7E8iYOagNU-00112-00057586-00058089 it's considerate and good manners just to let her know what's happening it's +Q7E8iYOagNU-00113-00058089-00058591 okay to be unsure but it's not okay to just ignore her and go on as if she +Q7E8iYOagNU-00114-00058591-00059179 didn't exist you can say I had a great time the other night I wanted you to +Q7E8iYOagNU-00115-00059179-00059473 know I'm not sure if I want a relationship right now +Q7E8iYOagNU-00116-00059473-00059970 so I probably won't be calling for a while if she starts asking questions +Q7E8iYOagNU-00117-00059970-00060523 like well how do you feel about me or is there someone else answer her questions +Q7E8iYOagNU-00118-00060523-00061102 briefly then respond with a similar question for example you can answer how +Q7E8iYOagNU-00119-00061102-00061627 do you feel about me with I like you how do you feel about me having this +Q7E8iYOagNU-00120-00061627-00062042 conversation with her may help you to clarify your feelings for each other +Q7E8iYOagNU-00121-00062042-00062580 number 10 not right for each other once you've entered an exclusive +Q7E8iYOagNU-00122-00062580-00063075 relationship if you change your mind have an argument or discover you have +Q7E8iYOagNU-00123-00063075-00063661 irreconcilable differences and want to move on you can say I think it's clear +Q7E8iYOagNU-00124-00063661-00064048 we're not right for each other but I wanted to call and at least say thanks +Q7E8iYOagNU-00125-00064048-00064608 and wish you happiness obviously it is difficult and uncomfortable to end a +Q7E8iYOagNU-00126-00064608-00065133 relationship whether you've been on one date or dozens the more practice you get +Q7E8iYOagNU-00127-00065133-00065595 at these types of situations the more discerning you'll become about who you +Q7E8iYOagNU-00128-00065595-00066010 date in the first place the attraction stage of dating is a time +Q7E8iYOagNU-00129-00066010-00066453 to discover your likes and dislikes and to get to know the kind of person +Q7E8iYOagNU-00130-00066453-00067038 you are and what you want being able to say no to someone because he or she is +Q7E8iYOagNU-00131-00067038-00067428 not the right person for you strengthens your resolve to find the +Q7E8iYOagNU-00132-00067428-00067973 right person the act of saying no to a relationship that is not right for you +Q7E8iYOagNU-00133-00067973-00068469 fine-tunes your ability to be attracted to the person who is right for you it +Q7E8iYOagNU-00134-00068469-00068973 builds integrity and confidence when you make these choices and follow through +Q7E8iYOagNU-00135-00068973-00069561 with action it is immature and cowardly to ghost a woman by never calling her +Q7E8iYOagNU-00136-00069561-00070029 back or to breadcrumb her with occasional texts to string her along +Q7E8iYOagNU-00137-00070029-00070503 in case you get lonely although it's good manners to call and close out a +Q7E8iYOagNU-00138-00070503-00071060 relationship there are other benefits as well the way we end a relationship +Q7E8iYOagNU-00139-00071060-00071580 determines the kind of person we'll be attracted to the next time if we get +Q7E8iYOagNU-00140-00071580-00072138 trapped in guilt or unresolved feelings we end up repeating negative patterns +Q7E8iYOagNU-00141-00072138-00072720 trying to fix the past when we end a relationship with good feelings we take +Q7E8iYOagNU-00142-00072720-00073287 another step closer to the partner of our dreams let me know if you always +Q7E8iYOagNU-00143-00073287-00073773 give a call after a date or tell me if you have a difficult situation that +Q7E8iYOagNU-00144-00073773-00074208 you'd like help to solve I'd love to hear from you please visit my patreon +Q7E8iYOagNU-00145-00074208-00074540 page and consider pledging a small amount each month to join our community +Q7E8iYOagNU-00146-00074540-00075030 receive bonus perks and support my work and take a moment now to like this video +Q7E8iYOagNU-00147-00075030-00075447 with a thumbs up then subscribe and click on the bell to receive +Q7E8iYOagNU-00148-00075447-00075906 notifications when I upload a new video thanks for meeting with me we'll talk +Q7E8iYOagNU-00149-00075906-00076000 again soon +Q7E8iYOagNU-00150-00076109-00076310 the softer side +Q8VWwqJ9lrQ-00000-00000000-00000103 The Restaurant +Q8VWwqJ9lrQ-00001-00001003-00001203 Menu Sir? +Q8VWwqJ9lrQ-00002-00001903-00002100 The Hoo De Voo Special please! +Q8VWwqJ9lrQ-00003-00002603-00002703 Delicious! +Q8VWwqJ9lrQ-00004-00002956-00003053 Why oh why? +Q8VWwqJ9lrQ-00005-00003310-00003434 Nutritious! +Q8VWwqJ9lrQ-00006-00003853-00003954 Soooo Spicy!!!! +Q8VWwqJ9lrQ-00007-00004250-00004350 Money? +Q8VWwqJ9lrQ-00008-00004523-00004623 Never!! +Q8VWwqJ9lrQ-00009-00004726-00004826 Why oh why? +Q8VWwqJ9lrQ-00010-00004860-00004960 The Restaurant +QqqMw4Zshbc-00000-00000000-00000370 HI EVERBODY WELCOME BAC TO MY ANOTHER FORTNITE GAMEPLAY VİDEO +QqqMw4Zshbc-00001-00000398-00000892 TODAY IN THIS VİDEO I'M GONNA BE SHOW YOU HOW TO GET VICTORY ROYAL İN FORTNITE +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00000-00002491-00002872 Top Sirloin +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00001-00003006-00003466 Sweet Pumpkin +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00002-00003574-00004577 Asparagus, carrots, tomato +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00003-00004621-00005084 Cherry tomato +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00004-00005124-00005753 Chop the vegetables however you'd like +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00005-00009124-00009704 Season your steak freeheartedly (be generous) +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00006-00011547-00011747 Snapping shrimp shells are very,, very hard +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00007-00011747-00011922 We won't be taking the shells off +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00008-00011922-00012092 Please be careful +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00009-00012477-00012671 We'll just grill it as it is +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00010-00012746-00013410 Get your pan smoking HOT, and place your meat gently +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00011-00015326-00015634 Grill your veges on low heat +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00012-00017031-00017294 Olive oil +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00013-00018243-00018608 Salt +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00014-00020983-00021423 Grill your shrimp +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00015-00022247-00022447 Olive oil +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00016-00024424-00024624 Champagne +Qt0Qq9R1Qak-00017-00025734-00025934 Water +Qti3Z0Naxru-00000-00000016-00000536 I'm Christine Benz i'm here at the Vanguard Diehards Conference in San Diego and i'm happy to +Qti3Z0Naxru-00001-00000536-00000952 be sitting here with Jack Bogle who is really the epicenter of this conference +Qti3Z0Naxru-00002-00001008-00001592 Jack thanks for being here let's talk about the current market environment it's crazy give us +Qti3Z0Naxru-00003-00001592-00002064 your take on what's going on and what do you think investors should be doing well of course +Qti3Z0Naxru-00004-00002064-00002584 i've only been in business this business for 57 years and i have never seen anything like it in my +Qti3Z0Naxru-00005-00002584-00003072 life i've never seen anything like the amount of speculation that's going on in the market which is +Qti3Z0Naxru-00006-00003136-00003608 basically twice as much stock trading twice as much turnover as we had in 1929 +Qti3Z0Naxru-00007-00003608-00004288 the previous high and we have these frequent days we've had 37 of them in the last year where the +Qti3Z0Naxru-00008-00004288-00005032 market's going up or down two percent uh or more and uh when i came into this business in 1951 we +Qti3Z0Naxru-00009-00005032-00005712 might have had three or four days a year like that twelve times as many wild and wooly days +Qti3Z0Naxru-00010-00005712-00006440 as history would have said so we've just we've taken the whole focus of market participation +Qti3Z0Naxru-00011-00006504-00007056 in our capitalistic system here in the U.S. from one of investment to one of speculation +Qti3Z0Naxru-00012-00007056-00007536 and i happen to think that's a tragedy in which the investors are the losers and which of course +Qti3Z0Naxru-00013-00007536-00008168 somebody's a winner Wall Street wins they make 650 billion dollars a year +Qti3Z0Naxru-00014-00008224-00008848 in fees and commissions and all that kind of thing which means that investors lose that much to the +Qti3Z0Naxru-00015-00008848-00009416 market so it's it's a system that's crying out for change although i never would have guessed +Qti3Z0Naxru-00016-00009416-00009880 the change would be so abrupt i never would have guessed the speculation would have been so rampant +Qti3Z0Naxru-00017-00009944-00010344 i never would have guessed that credit would be so easy i never would have guessed that +Qti3Z0Naxru-00018-00010344-00011096 credit standards would be so devastatingly low so what what do you think are the solutions well +Qti3Z0Naxru-00019-00011096-00011656 unfortunately the one solution that we're going to get is government intervention and i don't think +Qti3Z0Naxru-00020-00011656-00012064 there are very many people that really like or look forward to government intervention i don't +Qti3Z0Naxru-00021-00012064-00012432 know anybody that thinks the government can do a better job than the private enterprise side of +Qti3Z0Naxru-00022-00012432-00012863 the system well in the case of the financial system they certainly can't do a worse job +Qti3Z0Naxru-00023-00012863-00013552 but the government is the only vehicle the only body the only source of liquidity we have left +Qti3Z0Naxru-00024-00013552-00014024 so the government has no choice but intervene this is in fact the greatest financial crisis +Qti3Z0Naxru-00025-00014024-00014512 since the Great Depression so one thing i've been thinking about if you are not a speculative +Qti3Z0Naxru-00026-00014512-00014968 investor if you're a long-term investor and yet there are these speculative investors buffeting +Qti3Z0Naxru-00027-00014968-00015440 your returns about what should your reaction be should you be doing anything differently +Qti3Z0Naxru-00028-00015544-00016063 i think basically you should not be doing anything differently i mean investment is a pretty simple +Qti3Z0Naxru-00029-00016063-00016728 thing investment is owning businesses or i would say being an inveterate index fund person owning +Qti3Z0Naxru-00030-00016728-00017240 all of American business owning every company in America uh letting capitalism do its work +Qti3Z0Naxru-00031-00017240-00017768 uh those companies will grow at probably around seven percent a year they'll pay you about a two +Qti3Z0Naxru-00032-00017768-00018224 and a half somewhat lower than history but a two and a half percent dividend yield and that should +Qti3Z0Naxru-00033-00018224-00018928 over time bear you out of anything that happens because of the wild swings i mean if you visualize +Qti3Z0Naxru-00034-00019024-00019632 investment as growing in kind of a steady line which it does and visualize the crazy market +Qti3Z0Naxru-00035-00019632-00020192 as being all these jags up and down around this steady line upward upward always upward i think +Qti3Z0Naxru-00036-00020336-00020984 then you've got to say i know i'm not smart enough to get out the high i know i'm not smart enough to +Qti3Z0Naxru-00037-00020984-00021424 get back in at the low so i'm just going to stay the course as we would say at Vanguard +Qti3Z0Naxru-00038-00021424-00021968 and hang on through all that and importantly if i'm trying to accumulate money for retirement or +Qti3Z0Naxru-00039-00021968-00022624 to buy a home or to educate my children what you want to do is keep investing and you know say how +Qti3Z0Naxru-00040-00022624-00023144 can i keep investing the day that the market goes down 600 points that's the greatest time in the +Qti3Z0Naxru-00041-00023144-00023624 world to invest certainly better better than doing it the day before before it goes down 600 points +Qti3Z0Naxru-00042-00023680-00024376 and i think i think people have lost sight of the fact that a sharp market decline is of course +Qti3Z0Naxru-00043-00024376-00024984 it's bad for sellers but it's good for buyers and since the stock market is the interactions +Qti3Z0Naxru-00044-00025104-00026520 of sellers and buyers it's always good for somebody +Qtt1-B1it-U-00000-00000800-00001500 Okay, let's get started. So, welcome to this COAPI community call. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00001-00001500-00002000 We are recording it, we just started the recording just so everyone's aware of that. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00002-00002000-00003700 COAPI, which stands for the coalition of open access policy institutions, was formed in 2011, to bring together representatives from North American universities with established faculty-led open access policies and also those in process of developing such +Qtt1-B1it-U-00003-00003700-00005100 policies. So today's event is a collaboration between COAPI, and also the society publishers coalition and transitioning society publications to OA. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00004-00005100-00005600 So all three groups have been involved in putting this together. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00005-00005600-00006400 Our topic today is making green open access work for society publishers, a panel discussion. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00006-00006400-00006900 There's a couple details I want to go through before we actually start. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00007-00006900-00007600 First, if you're not talking, please have your microphone muted. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00008-00007600-00009000 Also, when you're speaking try to avoid using jargon if possible and also tell us what acronyms are Try not to use too many acronyms and be ready to explain what your acronyms are jargon are, if you do use them. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00009-00009000-00009600 Also ask questions. This is a play, it's just an environment where we're learning from each other. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00010-00009600-00010700 And so feel free to ask questions for attendees, you can put questions in the chat while panelists are speaking. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00011-00010700-00011500 And, and we will get to them in the q amp a section so there are three sections to the talk. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00012-00011500-00012500 The first section. Each panelists will have five minutes to say what they specifically want to say about our topic, and we'll go in alphabetical order by last name. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00013-00012500-00013600 The second section will have the panelists responding to three different questions that were posted in in the registration page so everyone knows what they are. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00014-00013600-00015000 I will ask the question and then each of the panelists can respond as they wish. And the third section is an open q and a section with attendees. So any questions that you put in chat will be asked during that open q amp a section. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00015-00015000-00016000 We have five panelists for today's call. Three of the panelists are from society publishers and two are from the library world. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00016-00016000-00017100 So, now we're officially starting section one. I will introduce each speaker, and then he or she will have five minutes for their initial presentation. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00017-00017100-00018600 So first up is Curtis brandy. Curtis is the Associate University Librarian for scholarly communications and collections at Iowa State University, and he's a member of the TSP steering committee. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00018-00018600-00018900 Okay, go ahead, Chris. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00019-00018900-00019400 All right, thank you. Carolyn, and thanks for organizing this today. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00020-00019400-00020300 So I wanted to start out because tsp is was part of the collaboration that brought this panel together want to say just a few words about tsp OA here at the top. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00021-00020300-00021000 This is a group that I co chair, along with Rachel Sandberg from Berkeley and Cameron name from CERN. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00022-00021000-00022800 The group was founded, two and a half years ago it's a it's a grassroots scholarly publishing sort of volunteer, sort of group and our. The goal of the group is to, you know, I, we identified a need, you know, going back that two and a half years ago +Qtt1-B1it-U-00023-00022800-00023400 for assisting societies with their open access transitions. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00024-00023400-00024200 And we thought one way to go about that would be to get together some of the folks who care about this and to put some resources out into the community. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00025-00024200-00025800 And so what this work usually looks like our consultations between members of tsp away which Emma is also a member of our group was societies that get in touch with us and you know we don't we hardly advertise but societies find their way to us, which +Qtt1-B1it-U-00026-00025800-00027200 I think speaks to the need and the urgency within the publishing community and certainly for the society is of trying to find a way forward from the subscription model you know to these these new open access models that we're looking at. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00027-00027200-00028500 So my work at I would say largely focuses on figuring out how to transition, you know, a fairly large subscription budget in the neighborhood of five and a half million dollars over to supporting open access We do that through open access agreements. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00028-00028500-00030200 We do that through investments in, you know, other open initiatives and open infrastructure for quite a few years the biggest investment that open, open access that I was state made was in the area of Greenaway and we still are highly staffed with our +Qtt1-B1it-U-00029-00030200-00031200 repository tracking down versions of articles get put into the repository of course now we're making away agreements we're doing these other things where it's spending more money and other directions but that's still really important to us. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00030-00031200-00032100 So bringing us around to the, the rights retention strategy from from coalition as I want to say just a few words about that. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00031-00032100-00033400 I don't actually see this as an end game. You know I see the rights retention strategy is a way for in this sort of transition period that you know for certainly some publishers and some societies in order to get you know compliant and we were seeing +Qtt1-B1it-U-00032-00033400-00033700 that with what how triple A S is using it right. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00033-00033700-00034700 They're going to use the rights retention strategy in order to get those percentage of articles that are coming from these planets funders plan as compliant and I think that's a great use of it. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00034-00034700-00035900 Another use I think of the rights retention strategy is that it is injecting more uncertainty, more urgency into this move that we need to make to open access and I think that that could cause some stress in some quarters I mean certainly some of the +Qtt1-B1it-U-00035-00035900-00037300 panelists fear may feel a little bit of stress from this growing urgency but coming from a library that does not want to see another subscription invoice new fiscal year starts July one, you know, we do not want to keep paying subscriptions we want to +Qtt1-B1it-U-00036-00037300-00038300 pay for open access so to the extent that the rights retention strategy is driving more urgency to actually affect this transition I think it's great. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00037-00038300-00039700 And I know the folks at triple A s are not just stopping with using the rights retention strategy to be planets compliant I know that they're looking at ways to take, you know, open and open transition for themselves and that's the type of work I've been +Qtt1-B1it-U-00038-00039700-00040800 heavily invested in and that's what tsp away does and I think I will stop there I think we'll get into more of the nuances of this but but thanks again I'm very happy to be here today. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00039-00040800-00041000 Thank you, Curtis. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00040-00041000-00042000 Next up is Matthew GM Pola, he is the Vice President of publications at the American Geophysical You go ahead. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00041-00042000-00042200 Thanks Carolyn. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00042-00042200-00042500 Yeah, so I'm Vice President publications at Agu. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00043-00042500-00043800 We're global society. We were founded in United States we see ourselves as a global society covering all Earth and Space sciences, were founded in, 1919 butter publications. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00044-00043800-00045200 Go back to 1896 I know we have a few publishers here that have publications that go back even further than that but I think it's important to remember that all of these things have been evolving over a long period of time and now we're in this rapid state +Qtt1-B1it-U-00045-00045200-00045400 of transition. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00046-00045400-00046700 So I just wanted to start a little bit with Agu itself. We recently redid our, our strategic plan. Last year, we finalized our new strategic plan for the next five to 10 years. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00047-00046700-00046800 And we have. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00048-00046800-00048000 We had three real large objectives that that came out of that the new strategic plan. And I think that all of these will will resonate with, with this audience. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00049-00048000-00049700 So our first one is what we want to maintain our scientific discovery and research activities we really want to accelerate and and pursue solutions to societal challenges and to have all of our outputs be be relevant to society. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00050-00049700-00050700 The second one is focusing on equity and inclusion across the board across all of our. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00051-00050700-00051600 All of our publications, and all of our programs. And the third is really partnering to, to make these things happen. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00052-00051600-00053700 So partnering with other societies, with government with libraries other institutions across the board to to address again the societal challenges. So out of the first goal of accelerating societal solutions to societal challenges. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00053-00053700-00054500 There we really see open science, open data and open access has been real key parts of this. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00054-00054500-00055400 If we want our research to really affect society and do good. It needs to be available. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00055-00055400-00055800 With that we're also mindful of. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00056-00055800-00056500 We want equity of access, but we also want equity of participation and our, our programs. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00057-00056500-00058200 So we really need to have a sustainable model for how we support, support these programs, how do we balance that openness to also maintaining our programs and being able to include people from any region from any with any level of funding. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00058-00058200-00058900 So those are the big things happening there includes all our efforts with open data. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00059-00058900-00060200 And, and really starting to enforce citation of data sharing of data availability statements and making sure that authors who are doing that not just suggesting that authors do that. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00060-00060200-00061200 I think we could really partner, there also been lining up the dominoes with really converting our journals to to full open access. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00061-00061200-00061500 We, We had a successful conversion. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00062-00061500-00062400 This past year and we're actually have one we're just about to announce for for next year and then we really are going to be doing more and more. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00063-00062400-00063700 In the meantime, we've got our print server, which is going to allow for early sharing but also allows for some of these green open access policies that are being pushed. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00064-00063700-00064400 So we allow posting of the, of the author accepted manuscript under CC by license. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00065-00064400-00065000 And, and we feel like this is part of that bridge to getting to full open access. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00066-00065000-00066000 Eventually, and then the last thing I just wanted to touch on is under all three of those objectives again so so drastic societal challenges equity inclusion and partnership. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00067-00066000-00067300 We really want to embark on a new focus on community science and sort of CO creation with communities that are going to be directing the solutions to their problems can connecting scientists to that work. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00068-00067300-00068900 So we really believe that there's a lot to be done there again with connecting these groups and making all of the elements of that work. and I think I'll stop there for now. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00069-00068900-00069100 Thank you Matt. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00070-00069100-00070500 We everyone's stopping before their time is up. Okay. James Milan is next. He is the president of publications at the American Chemical Society. Go ahead, Jim, Thanks Carolyn. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00071-00070500-00072000 You've just tend to be overrun noisy so maybe an issue. Okay. Welcome everyone, my name is Jim Smith and I'm the president of the American Chemical Society publications group as a society we're mission driven, and as you know we strive to publish the +Qtt1-B1it-U-00072-00072000-00073000 most influential journals in science. And we also strive to be the first choice for every researcher, we want to really be researcher centric and all we do. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00073-00073000-00074600 And just to paint the picture we have a portfolio of 76, very influential journals and chemistry, of which 12 of these titles are pure gold open access, and we spent many years developing systems and processes and back office functionality to enable or +Qtt1-B1it-U-00074-00074600-00076000 a publication with a minimum of fuss. As I said, we strive to be researcher centric at all time to make it as easy as possible for people to publish with us, or publish open access where their requirements to do so. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00075-00076000-00077100 And that really is helping to drive open access uptake across our portfolio. In the last few years we've been seeing 50% growth in open access publications. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00076-00077100-00078500 year on year and this year we're tracking close to about 25% of our articles will be open access. So you can see how over the next few years that could claim claim so the transition to open access is well underway. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00077-00078500-00080200 And ACS publications is a longtime leader and open science and open access. So we've invested in the likes of Kim archive, which we initiated, and then brought on board for other chemistry societies from the UK from Germany, Japan and China to co host +Qtt1-B1it-U-00078-00080200-00080800 and co run came archive which has really hit the ground running. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00079-00080800-00082400 We've launched a meetings, which is a open access repository for conference material research data, we make available, of course, and then I've mentioned the, the pure gold journals, which really support delivery of open access and the chemistry community. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00080-00082400-00083300 So as you can hear, we're fully committed to open science and we're investing, with the authors and administrators in this ever changing and constantly evolving landscape. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00081-00083300-00084700 And maybe as far as just thinking from our perspective, what are the goals of open access, and to adopt some of the parlance that's been used across this domain by many, many people, it's striving for full and immediate open access to research, and having +Qtt1-B1it-U-00082-00084700-00085700 a clear preference for that being the trusted and final version of records so that people can trust the version that people are accessing. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00083-00085700-00087100 So with that segue to say a few words about green open access topic of this meeting, and green open access absolutely has a place in this ecosystem. And it's particularly there for those who seek open access but are unable to raise funds to support publishing +Qtt1-B1it-U-00084-00087100-00088500 activities involved. An ACS fully supported screen open access, the one area that we probably do diverged from number of people is that with zero embargo green open access, we do have real concerns for this. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00085-00088500-00090000 This is an unfunded route that does not support the transition to open access. In fact it actively discourages uptake of gold open access to the final version of record, because when there is a free option available that satisfies much of the requirements +Qtt1-B1it-U-00086-00090000-00091400 being placed on researchers is natural that will become a preference over, paying for gold open access and having an unfunded option where we can see systematic collection, enhancing and distribution of those papers. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00087-00091400-00092700 Without the opportunity for publishers to really recover the funding and the costs that we put in to the peer review process and the quality control. We can't see a way that this isn't a sustainable in the long term. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00088-00092700-00094300 And as many are aware, ACS along with 50 other publishers who signed a statement indicating this as much that we could not support this one route to compliance of planners, that which is the zero embargo green open access fully support embargoed green +Qtt1-B1it-U-00089-00094300-00095200 open access Where is necessary, but I can see a huge transition happening in gold open access and It'd be a shame if that would stall at this point. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00090-00095200-00095600 So, I will end there. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00091-00095600-00096600 Great. Thank you, Jim. Okay, fourth is Emma moles. She is the publishing Services Librarian at the University of Minnesota. Go ahead, Emma. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00092-00096600-00098000 Hello. Great. Good morning or whatever time it is for everyone. It's nice to be here as Carolyn introduce I'm the publishing librarian at publishing Services Librarian at the University of Minnesota, that role is a little unique for me and which I am +Qtt1-B1it-U-00093-00098000-00099400 a scholarly society publisher we at the University of Minnesota libraries run a publishing program. We currently published three society publications and we're in the process of onboarding a fourth publication. I should note that those societies are not +Qtt1-B1it-U-00094-00099400-00100800 I should note that those societies are not necessarily represented on this panel. They are societies that are smaller scholarly societies, they are almost 100% volunteer run. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00095-00100800-00102400 Maybe a partial staff member here there, you know, they do not have a global offices and and their work is important they publish journals, but they're not also a large business entity which I think is important for all of us to remember that those societies +Qtt1-B1it-U-00096-00102400-00103700 do continue to exist across those societies, including working with faculty on my own campus. I've been working with folks who are on societies that still Self Publish. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00097-00103700-00104300 So very, very much different from, from an ACS model out there they're running small, small journals. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00098-00104300-00104600 low staff, likely low technology. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00099-00104600-00106300 And then also societies that have, you know, contracted with a with a publisher to get their journal out there so these are societies that are that are working in contract with Wiley for example to publish their journals, these societies I think represent +Qtt1-B1it-U-00100-00106300-00107300 a little bit different, of voice in this conversation concerns about open access and publishing open access. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00101-00107300-00109000 You know still continue to be valid concerns of right now our journal is able to function because we charge a subscription cost what happens without that these are tend to be a society's with very low overhead or costs and expenses in general. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00102-00109000-00111100 And then also a faculty members I work with who are being asked by their larger commercial publisher, how are you going to transition your publication to open access on that that's a conversation that when all of the publishing operations have already +Qtt1-B1it-U-00103-00111100-00112400 I think for us as librarians, I think there's a real space as Chris mentioned through tsp OA to really meet with societies that don't have a good idea of what their publishing operations are. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00104-00112400-00113800 This is a lot of societies that don't understand the real costs that are involved, and therefore it's hard to try to think about shifting your business model one from subscription to some model of open access when when there's really a lot of unknowns +Qtt1-B1it-U-00105-00113800-00114000 at play. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00106-00114000-00115600 I thinking about the green open access route at the University of Minnesota, we have an institutional open access policy, but it requires full participation from the individual faculty members, the University doesn't take a single action without, without +Qtt1-B1it-U-00107-00115600-00116100 the the the actions of the individual faculty members. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00108-00116100-00117600 So I think, you know, in some conversations we might say that's that's maybe a bit of a toothless open access policy. But I do think it is important to remember that green open access and self archiving has been around for a while and for some of us we +Qtt1-B1it-U-00109-00117600-00119500 just haven't seen the faculty uptake on leveraging those policies. So I think we still have a lot of education to do around green open access on campus, you know, Curtis as a nice example of Iowa State of staffing, green, green services in his libraries +Qtt1-B1it-U-00110-00119500-00119900 at my university we're not doing that type of work. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00111-00119900-00121300 The other thing that I wanted to mention is that I also think as a, as a librarian perspective and a lot of work that that I do alongside my libraries colleagues are a lot of education around copyright in the first place. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00112-00121300-00122400 I think for some disciplines and as some faculty members as individuals. There has never been a publishing opportunity for them in which they are not transferring their copyright. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00113-00122400-00124000 So even imagining moving into a future in which rights are retained or copyright is retained that's that's going to be really a mind shift that I'm not sure if everyone is really ready to think about what does that mean for me as an individual author. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00114-00124000-00125600 So my perspective is really one of education, and also I hope to kind of bring back into this conversation. You know some of the concerns of our smaller societies that that really are facing sort of a challenge here for a number of reasons and one, one +Qtt1-B1it-U-00115-00125600-00127300 being that you know they they just don't have the publishing insight and experience that many of our larger older societies have, so thank you thank you Carolyn and happy to continue this conversation today. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00116-00127300-00127500 Thank you, Emma. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00117-00127500-00128300 Okay, our last speaker is Stuart Taylor. He is the publishing director at the Royal Society. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00118-00128300-00129100 Everyone, I became era, I've got two hats actually I'm also on a counseling society publishers coalition which has helped to organize this event. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00119-00129100-00129700 That's 95 scholarly societies we've got together to try and help each other with the transition to open access. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00120-00129700-00130600 So, the rest of it, we've got 10 journals across the whole range of sense to have them fully open access, working on making the rest of them open access to. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00121-00130600-00131500 We started offering open access as an option back in 2006. And now, almost half our output is open access. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00122-00131500-00132200 And in terms of green open access publishers tend to get a bit twitchy about the mention of green open access. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00123-00132200-00133200 And as we've already heard from Jim, they say that they don't get paid for it and that's what the objection is it's not really strictly true though because of course they are getting paid subscriptions. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00124-00133200-00133600 They're just not getting paid anything extra for it. I think is the point. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00125-00133600-00134400 But I think that's kind of the problem with with Greenaway as well which is that it relies on the continued existence of the subscription system. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00126-00134400-00135200 And if that's really the world that we all want, then fine I guess but it would be a pity, I think. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00127-00135200-00135800 I mean, the exception management person is not as rich and useful as a product is the final version. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00128-00135800-00136800 And it would only be so gratis so a Ron Lieber ohu Stephen Hannah terms, and in most cases it's delayed as well. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00129-00136800-00138100 But if we ever did get to a fully green open access future if we could imagine that there's no such thing as a free lunch so it would require librarians to give some kind of undertaking presumably that they'd still subscribe to the journals, which makes +Qtt1-B1it-U-00130-00138100-00138400 green max as possible. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00131-00138400-00138800 Otherwise there really would be no income and the Germans would just disappear. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00132-00138800-00139800 Now there are people of course you might not worry too much about journals ceasing to exist, but in the majority, to be honest. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00133-00139800-00141000 On the other hand, you can see my green open access is very appealing prospect, if you're a researcher in a poorly funded environment for various reasons or an independent researcher, or you're a cash strapped institutional librarian it's it's you know +Qtt1-B1it-U-00134-00141000-00141300 it's appealing from that point of view. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00135-00141300-00142100 I do think though it's subject to overclaiming on both sides. Either that, it's all we need and if everything was in a country that everything would be fine. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00136-00142100-00143000 I think is really true, or that it's the ultimate danger and threatens to bring the end of the world. I mean, neither of those really, I think, in a case. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00137-00143000-00143400 So I would say it as part of the solution for the time being. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00138-00143400-00144500 While we get to fully open access future, which is financially sustainable journals. And just to be clear when I say sustainable I don't mean a future where they will make just as much money as they do now. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00139-00144500-00145100 I mean a future in which they can survive, and still do the job. The community expects of them. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00140-00145100-00145700 Because journals are a means to an end. Let's not forget, they're not an end in themselves. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00141-00145700-00146900 And in terms of the effect of green and access on societies. I mean, it's not clear to me that green policies have had any effect on scholarly society publishing. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00142-00146900-00148100 Despite the concerns that we frequently hear from commercial publishers. We've had a zero embargo green open access policy for many years, and we still get high levels of annual subscription renewals. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00143-00148100-00148800 Of course, it may be that the levels of repositories are too low to deter subscribers and some playing. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00144-00148800-00149400 But even in a world with very high levels of let's say zero embargo, except your manuscript deposit. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00145-00149400-00150700 If institutions are unwilling to pay for the version of record with all its added frills and benefits, then you have to ask my publisher, still continue to produce it. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00146-00150700-00151800 Anyway, I mean, I think all that describes the present situation. We can't really be sure what effect very high levels of green open access would have because we don't really have that yet. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00147-00151800-00152500 And that's clearly the primary anxiety behind the very negative reaction to the rights retention strategy. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00148-00152500-00154200 Our primary concern about that is that although we allows Aaron Berger access actually imposing that on everybody would have a chilling effect on institutions, signing up to deal with which help us to deliver open access so that's my concern is that it +Qtt1-B1it-U-00149-00154200-00154800 actually restrict or inhibits our ability to make the transition that we want to make. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00150-00154800-00155500 So, +Qtt1-B1it-U-00151-00155500-00156400 great, thank you Stuart and I'm apologize for not mentioning that you were also part of the organized one of the sponsoring organizations. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00152-00156400-00157800 Okay. Section two for this event involves three questions. I'm going to ask each question and then it's just open up to the panelists to respond as you wish, we have up to 10 minutes for each question. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00153-00157800-00158600 When conversation has ceased, or we reach the 10 minute mark, I'll move us on to the next question. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00154-00158600-00160100 The first one is, what are your concerns about right rights retention policies adopted by institutions or funders. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00155-00160100-00160700 So, I'll jump in, there's a little bit of repetition from what I've said in some of the other panelists that. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00156-00160700-00162600 I think the concern is that if you take it to the extreme, and there's the question. Surely the subscriptions cover the cost of green open access. If you get to a point where let's say 100% of research in a journal is green with zero embargo, and it's +Qtt1-B1it-U-00157-00162600-00164100 putting a central repository and marked up and made to look like a journal article, the value of keeping a subscription is very limited because why would you continue with the subscriptions which we've all heard very expensive under stress within the +Qtt1-B1it-U-00158-00164100-00164300 budget condition. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00159-00164300-00165300 Those will be cutting with unsolved and other facilities available that will not just be a light switch moment it will be a dimmer switch, which could happen fairly rapidly. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00160-00165300-00166600 And that's when you start to cut corners in terms of quality assurance and making sure that the high quality of the peer review sustained. And that's one of the things that society publishers printed the heart of all we do to make sure that we have the +Qtt1-B1it-U-00161-00166600-00168100 the highest quality standards, the excellence and the publish content. And I think that's the endpoint is very concerning, but also it's this dis incentivizes going for gold open access, and that's the ultimate goal that I think we're all trying to get +Qtt1-B1it-U-00162-00168100-00169700 to where all articles are made gold open access immediately available with the version of record. And I think there's a class year, and that's kind of why we're having this webinar, of course. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00163-00169700-00170000 Yeah, can I just, can I just jump in. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00164-00170000-00171300 I mean, what James saying there is that, I mean if everything were available on repositories and accepted manuscript then the subscriptions will be cut but the thing that I always grapple with here is that that's publishers essentially admitting the other +Qtt1-B1it-U-00165-00171300-00171900 stuff they do isn't ready we're thankful. I think that's a dangerous argument to make a pure of publishing. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00166-00171900-00172500 You know why don't we just producing except your lunch good version just charging less Britain. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00167-00172500-00173900 I think the peer review is one of the biggest things the onboarding of manuscripts, the checking of author names when they are been submitted manuscripts come in to make sure they don't come from a paper mill or nefarious place yeah but that's already +Qtt1-B1it-U-00168-00173900-00174200 already happened to be accepted stage so that's my point. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00169-00174200-00174600 Yeah, +Qtt1-B1it-U-00170-00174600-00176200 I'd like to bring back a point that MMA, which is just about how diverse this world, you know, we're talking about societies as if they are one type, and they're so wildly different that it's really hard to talk in generalities about any of this. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00171-00176200-00177000 We just finished our review of our open access agreements for 2020 you know maybe we've got 10 of these are 11 of these at this point. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00172-00177000-00178400 And it's remarkable to look across, you know the average APC that we're paying across those agreements and it's what's remarkable to me about and not being a publisher is that I assume all of them care about peer review all of them are trying to put out +Qtt1-B1it-U-00173-00178400-00179500 a quality product. But then we can have ACM where we have an average APC of $1,200. We have Wiley where we're averaging $3,000 pre PC. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00174-00179500-00181100 In our proposal from ACS to do an agreement with you all is close to $5,000 and so I think when we talk about this it's it's important to keep in mind that different publishers will be impacted by different you know ways with something like rates retention +Qtt1-B1it-U-00175-00181100-00181200 and. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00176-00181200-00182800 And I don't know about. If I buy into the idea that you know mandates coming from funders have should have a chilling effect I mean I just, you know, we get we get, we're under all kinds of regulations and maybe some of those do have a chilling effect +Qtt1-B1it-U-00177-00182800-00184100 but the reality is that we really haven't put the pedal down with the transition to open access until the founders started coming through with some of these mandates and instead of a chilling effect what I see is a lot of excitement and movement actually +Qtt1-B1it-U-00178-00184100-00185100 happening and will they always get it right. No, I don't think they will and will they impose things that will have a differential impact I think Yes, they will. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00179-00185100-00185800 But overall I think this is positive and overall I think the. I don't have concerns about the rights retention strategy. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00180-00185800-00187100 I actually think, I think it will motivate I think ACS if you if you think that I mean you need to move open access right that's the solution if you don't like the rights retention if you don't want zero embargo then figure out an open access model that's +Qtt1-B1it-U-00181-00187100-00188300 sustainable the libraries like mine can afford. And we've had conversations with you and me and not you in particular but I mean we're open to these conversation we know it's a tough nut to crack and we're, we're here to engage with that conversation. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00182-00188300-00188600 So it's not all on the publishers either. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00183-00188600-00190100 You know, Curtis i would i would say to from from another library perspective and you know I mentioned this earlier I just think, you know, for us one of the really concerns when we talk about Greenaway and self archiving is, it's so much, it's pushing +Qtt1-B1it-U-00184-00190100-00191700 that open access work on to an individual faculty member and I think we, we get kind of lost in the conversation of thinking that every discipline has this really slick archive or repository solution and that's certainly not the case when we look across +Qtt1-B1it-U-00185-00191700-00193200 across all the disciplines that we work with, you know, from a library perspective that's that's not the case when we have a lot of gaps in education, and we have a lot of technology gap so I you know I think, thinking about green away as being the solution +Qtt1-B1it-U-00186-00193200-00194800 that that's always been the problem right for at least from my perspective is that it pushes that is something open access to making the individual faculty member author find a place to then put their copy which copy is it so it's just, it's been such +Qtt1-B1it-U-00187-00194800-00196000 a messy solution this whole time. And and I do think that, you know, sometimes we get in this conversation of well greener gold. You know it, but I don't I don't necessarily know if. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00188-00196000-00197200 And it's certainly not that everything is not happening at the same time, especially when we step out of that coalition as conversation right so what I'm thinking about the societies that I'm working on that are very much American base they tend to be +Qtt1-B1it-U-00189-00197200-00198600 more humanities focus coalition so that that is not really part of their conversation right now, so that that's sort of where the the finish line is and how fast they have to get there is, is really working in a completely different. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00190-00198600-00200100 And a different scale in a different sort of movement in time so I think that's another. Another issue is that sometimes this, you know, green or gold and archive societies are sometimes pitched that well here are your solutions with self archiving or +Qtt1-B1it-U-00191-00200100-00201400 a gold open access but it's such a complicated thing especially for those small societies that really do not understand their publishing operations and I mean like I will repeat that because it's such an important thing to understand is that some societies +Qtt1-B1it-U-00192-00201400-00202000 have no idea how their publishing operates. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00193-00202000-00203300 I would just echo it seems very blunt instrument to me. I think even critics who were saying it's a transitional sort of thing it's not the ideal endpoint, and it just seems, as, as I said, it's very messy. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00194-00203300-00204700 The each altar with the wrench retention strategy has to go in and sort of request special, the right to to post their article and retain those rights. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00195-00204700-00205900 And that just has this whole other layer of complexity that doesn't doesn't need to be there and the end I don't think we want it there and then we want to get to a place where it sort of a standard thing that everybody gets certain expected rights at +Qtt1-B1it-U-00196-00205900-00206500 the end for open access, we have our creative commons licenses are working. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00197-00206500-00207800 But the but the rice retention strategy. It just adds this extra layer into there. And I also think it's kind of unpredictable about well what are what is an author going to do any given case on what is the library going to do. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00198-00207800-00209500 We know libraries are happy when we have Greenway policies when we open things when we open articles. After an embargo period or when we allow posting of versions of record, But then, of course, their cash strapped and budgets are under pressure, prices +Qtt1-B1it-U-00199-00209500-00209700 are going up. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00200-00209700-00210800 When you have a tool like on sub around to help you figure out what you can handle and still managed to serve the people at your institution. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00201-00210800-00212000 Then you're going to take advantage of those and that's part of the that is part of the reason for these policies to begin with, so that people do have access in various ways. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00202-00212000-00213700 So it just all seems like I said a blunt instrument, and what seems that we could be working together in different ways and accelerating our conversations about how institutions and publishers and societies work together to get to open access, and how +Qtt1-B1it-U-00203-00213700-00214400 how institutions that are read institutions have people that need access to the material versus people who are publishing publishing at those institutions. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00204-00214400-00216000 How do we share the work and the cost of making a system like that happen. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00205-00216000-00217300 Man, I would just, you know, and I didn't know. I know you know this but, you know, the rights retention strategy isn't the only thing coming out of coalition ass right i mean they've, they've prompted multiple strategies the. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00206-00217300-00218000 I don't think the widely open access agreement that I would state has which I think your journals or are you all with with Wiley. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00207-00218000-00219100 Yeah, like so we're covering your journals now open access and I just don't think that agreement like that would have been possible without all these different approaches that are coming out of, out of coalition ass. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00208-00219100-00219400 I mean, to be honest. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00209-00219400-00220700 Can I just pick up on something I've just seen in the chat from from Ross miles just about the copyright retention part of rights retention strategy I agree this is a distinction here that it's about authors retaining their rights, that doesn't require +Qtt1-B1it-U-00210-00220700-00221400 the rights retention strategy though because many publishers including us do indeed leave the copyright with the authors. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00211-00221400-00222900 And I would suggest further that it's actually, who has a copyright. When an article is TC by is kind of irrelevant to be honest, because the article is open and pretty usable by anyone, but I absolutely agree authorship retain copyright there's no excuse +Qtt1-B1it-U-00212-00222900-00224000 for not doing that, under, under any regime, in my opinion, +Qtt1-B1it-U-00213-00224000-00224300 hey we've reached the 10 minute mark on that question. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00214-00224300-00224600 So we're going to move on to the second question. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00215-00224600-00226300 How can we work together to enact policies that at a minimum don't harm society publishers, and that ideally benefit them +Qtt1-B1it-U-00216-00226300-00227500 to me to go first on that one. I mean, I think there's kind of an implicit assumption there that people don't want to harm society publishers that's not a university system societies that there are there are thousands and thousands of societies and while +Qtt1-B1it-U-00217-00227500-00228900 well I wouldn't in any way want to attack any of them who publish, it's a societies all need to be they're doing exactly what they're doing today, they have to be able to prove that they're doing a good job and, you know, making worthwhile contribution. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00218-00228900-00229600 I think the the point about working together is precisely that it's about working together. I think it's about making sure that we're. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00219-00229600-00230600 We understand that we're on the same side here at least I hope we understand that that we're all trying to get to an open access future as soon as we can certainly the case for us. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00220-00230600-00231400 We've recently announced that we're trying to transition our search engines over the next few years I would like as soon as possible. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00221-00231400-00232300 And anything that's that libraries can do to get together with us sit down and actually pressure, how that will work and from this as well. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00222-00232300-00233100 As I've said my concern, very specifically about the rights retention strategy is that it could be actually retarding and our ability to make that transition. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00223-00233100-00234500 Now I could be wrong about that but that's my view. And that's quite a detailed point, I think the broader perspective, what funders have been doing in the last two years, I think is massively enhanced and accelerated progress there's no question about +Qtt1-B1it-U-00224-00234500-00236100 that. We learned societies for many years, many decades actually have been taught to be somewhat there I say behind the curve on some of this stuff. And I think the class initiative has really galvanized things and made a massive difference I think that's +Qtt1-B1it-U-00225-00236100-00236600 very well connection. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00226-00236600-00237500 So maybe I'll go next. I'm just trying to recall a slide that we have. I've used before, which is the top strip is. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00227-00237500-00238600 So, pathways routes to open access the first trip is gold open access journals, clearly, everything published in there is open access from the start. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00228-00238600-00240500 There's no lack of clarity on that. There's the transitional path which is the second strip which is the hybrid journals, which are using transformative reading publish arrangements to get us from subscription to pure gold open access, and then point. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00229-00240500-00242000 And that's where working together and building these reading publish agreements, is a major step to get that transition moving forward. The challenges where you've got research intensive universities and Lori search intensity universities and trying to +Qtt1-B1it-U-00230-00242000-00243400 to balance the, the books in that way going forward. And then, green open access is third string. So it's very much in the third domain there, but working together it's trying to make sure that we can preserve the quality of the journal and try not to +Qtt1-B1it-U-00231-00243400-00244900 do things that take away from the quality standards that we can trust the research because that's the most important thing. At the end of the day. And on top of that how we can work together to make it easy for researchers to line up when there is funding +Qtt1-B1it-U-00232-00244900-00246500 to go open access and making it a simple, simple click to gain access means to go to open access, but that really will make a difference because researchers do not want to spend more time than they need on admin and trying to link up either funding or +Qtt1-B1it-U-00233-00246500-00247400 means to post manuscripts to repositories, they want it, they want to get back to the lab bench to do more research, or in different disciplines other things. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00234-00247400-00248500 So, the more that we can make it easier for the researcher, the better it is. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00235-00248500-00250200 I guess getting back to, to the question on how we enact policies that don't harm and ideally benefit I think the real challenge with that is again just the diversity of societies that are out there I can easily envision a policy that would benefit, some +Qtt1-B1it-U-00236-00250200-00251800 societies and harm other societies I mean that's just the reality we're under and so in some ways the challenge I think, you know, for those creating policy is to, you know, really target those policies that the world we want to get to, and knowing that +Qtt1-B1it-U-00237-00251800-00252500 there are going to be uneven impacts across those policies and, and I you know what I've done. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00238-00252500-00252800 That's something that has been really. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00239-00252800-00254200 It's made me optimistic about, you know, this transition we're doing is that in all the conversations I've had over the last you know two to three years with publishers and societies like really talking like in ways that we did not use to talk is that +Qtt1-B1it-U-00240-00254200-00254600 I think we're there is a shared vision on where we are going. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00241-00254600-00255900 And I think that's a little bit pie in the sky and naive to think that we're going to just naturally get there but we're going to do policies that harm some societies and some that did benefit and I just think we have to keep our eyes, ahead of us on +Qtt1-B1it-U-00242-00255900-00257100 where it is that we want to go. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00243-00257100-00258400 Like just CAD Catherine spiller working there for whatever like a year and a half working hands on with societies to try and get them to an open model, you know she's not doing that anymore who's going to pick up that work, why don't we have a position +Qtt1-B1it-U-00244-00258400-00260000 like that at lyricists working directly with societies in the US, we don't have it. It's not something that can be done that easily by by volunteers, we need to do a lot more of that type of work I feel like in this community. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00245-00260000-00261600 I was just gonna say many societies may may feel more pressure from this to actually join up with a commercial publisher or to band together and in different ways because they're struggling for how they can get from subscriptions to, to the new domain +Qtt1-B1it-U-00246-00261600-00262000 of have open access, and there. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00247-00262000-00263700 I won't call it unintended consequences there's just many consequences to any given policy that's put out there and, and. Exactly right, you know some of the smaller societies that mo works with will will feel the need to get assistance. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00248-00263700-00264900 And it's not a bad thing necessarily I mean, our, our society is with a large commercial publisher, we benefit from that we push them in some ways, and we still have the ability to go elsewhere. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00249-00264900-00265400 If we need to add, you know, at any given point. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00250-00265400-00266300 But other more societies will feel the need to have arrangements like that. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00251-00266300-00267500 Yeah, I just saw you know it's funny as they move under these, the, the, the bigger publishers like. Now I'm getting to where I know who they are because there's not very many of them so we just had the genetic society. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00252-00267500-00267700 Move under Oxford. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00253-00267700-00269000 And I think that is a terrible unintended consequence of all of this and I think the work that needs to be done with the self publishing societies is to preserve their independence, I think that's something that's hugely important. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00254-00269000-00270400 Yeah, you know, and I don't necessarily think maybe this would be defined as a policy but you know something, something that I would love to see with the faculty members that I work with, is more conversation in societies especially ones that our member +Qtt1-B1it-U-00255-00270400-00271800 based where we're folks are paying a membership due to be a part of that society and yes they have a publication but maybe that's not the sole goal of this society, to really have more frank conversations with the faculty members about publishing operations +Qtt1-B1it-U-00256-00271800-00272200 and what it means for our journal in our society. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00257-00272200-00273500 You know, I think there needs to be a higher level of transparency across the board and we're, we're just not seeing that and that that makes it challenging for us on the library end where we hear from faculty members that say please you have to renew +Qtt1-B1it-U-00258-00273500-00274600 the subscription to my societies journal. And then in turn it you know in turn around that that faculty member can barely answer anything about why is the site is societies approached open access this way Why haven't they moved forward on anything. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00259-00274600-00276300 So there's, there's really a lot of sort of very intentionally created silos, in this conversation that I think is just burdening everyone a little bit too much and you know maybe that's more so for the societies that, that, that, that operates slightly +Qtt1-B1it-U-00260-00276300-00278300 on a smaller scale but I would just love to see that, more, more transparent conversation happening, especially in societies that are membership driven. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00261-00278300-00279300 Any last thoughts on that question before we move on. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00262-00279300-00280800 Okay, we'll move on to question three and given the conversation on question to question three may be a bit repetitive. So I'm going to ask it, and then if there's any thoughts on that, we'll discuss it, and then when that set we'll move on to section +Qtt1-B1it-U-00263-00280800-00282600 three of the event. So the third question is, how can librarians help society publishers in their efforts to transition to open access and in this question I was intentionally not saying just green open access so think about ways that librarians can help +Qtt1-B1it-U-00264-00282600-00283000 society publishers transition to open access in general. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00265-00283000-00284200 I'm going to start with this one because I have a very straightforward pitch, especially for smaller societies libraries should become the publishers of smaller societies we run this function at the University of Minnesota. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00266-00284200-00284900 It works really well we still, we, we give the society, a lot of autonomy. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00267-00284900-00286500 We do charge at the University of Minnesota small rate for publishing fees for societies, but they're, they're very low, I think this can be something that could really continue on scholarly publications that otherwise might be in danger of exists of +Qtt1-B1it-U-00268-00286500-00288200 ceasing to exist or getting scooped up by larger commercial publishers that maybe don't have the society's best interest in mind. I think we should see more of this and I think for some societies that tiny little bump which financially is a tiny bump +Qtt1-B1it-U-00269-00288200-00289600 in library budget can really be the make or break for a society so I'd like to see more libraries especially libraries with existing publishing programs, getting into the society publishing business, I think there's a there's a great opportunity there, +Qtt1-B1it-U-00270-00289600-00291000 it will increase all of our knowledge of it will will show libraries a greater insight into how society is work and it will show societies, a better example of this is how we're publishing operation could or should work so that's that's sort of my straightforward +Qtt1-B1it-U-00271-00291000-00292400 pitch I think for anybody who's on the call who's in the library. I'm happy to talk more about that and how to expand your business plan to make sure that you can publish society journals. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00272-00292400-00292700 If I were to have a stab at this one. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00273-00292700-00293500 I mean, there's no question I mean, I mentioned this before the overall objective these policies are very much in line with with our policies. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00274-00293500-00295000 We've recently made plans to transition our hybrid journals, as you know, we've got very good relationships around the world with our libraries, including with the very first one that had an open access deal in my memory at least which was Harvard. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00275-00295000-00295800 And we're actively working with them on how to implement policies for their researchers I mean i guess two things would be for me. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00276-00295800-00296500 It's around that they have sufficient funds to be able to support the sorts of deals that we're trying to make with them. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00277-00296500-00298200 And whether or not they can successfully enough lever leverage the funds in Somerset from research funders and at the moment, those sorts of streams are a bit disconnected, I would say, and so I guess we want a bit more reassurance that they will be available +Qtt1-B1it-U-00278-00298200-00298900 in the future so that we can make the sort of transition we're trying to make, I guess. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00279-00298900-00300400 I probably just slightly different angle but putting the researcher at the heart of everything we do is, is important whether we're funders for the Republic, whether we're librarians and Institute's because it's the researchers at the end of the day that +Qtt1-B1it-U-00280-00300400-00301600 do all this great work and make the discoveries and advanced science and society. So it's making sure that we listened to researchers and hear what they would where they're struggling or where we can help them. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00281-00301600-00303100 And it's something I advocate across ACS across our stuff to keep listening to this also through our editors, because I saw a note there saying nothing has paid for peer review every one of our editors this page on our area. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00282-00303100-00304000 We also provide support. There is a large cost goes into supporting editors, and they are also our eyes and ears to say, this is where ACS up heading. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00283-00304000-00305700 This is how you could help the community. This is what you need to be doing in the next year or so. So, I just said listen to our CO, the key and the most important people in this, which is the researchers who are the people who advanced advanced society +Qtt1-B1it-U-00284-00305700-00306300 and that way. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00285-00306300-00306500 I would just add that. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00286-00306500-00307000 I guess we should even think beyond the traditional journals. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00287-00307000-00309000 You know, all the Open Science work we're doing and and work on Open Data requires this complex network of of institutions and libraries and repositories societies and, and publishers and I think we can make all that work together better, so that, you +Qtt1-B1it-U-00288-00309000-00310500 know, so that pre prints and data and final published articles and peer reviewed reports and all those things can really be LinkedIn way that that there is discoverable and usable as possible. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00289-00310500-00311300 And, you know, that doesn't solve the financial problem but it does get at the whole point of why we're why we're all doing this. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00290-00311300-00312500 To begin with, is because we think that that science can help the world and they should facilitate people having access to it. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00291-00312500-00313900 And I totally agree with that man, we talk more and more on my campus within the context of open science open scholarship for all of this, we don't talk about open access is if it exists in a vacuum the way that we might have, you know, five or so years +Qtt1-B1it-U-00292-00313900-00314100 ago. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00293-00314100-00315800 I think there's some things in the US, I think that are improving. You know, I think we're starting to see us Consortium, you know, engaging around open access agreements in a way that will help us scale some of this, you know, a problem that I've realized +Qtt1-B1it-U-00294-00315800-00317100 over the last couple years is Iowa State has made some of these, you know, would have turned out to be one one off sort of agreements that don't necessarily scale, you know, we really do need to come at this. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00295-00317100-00317800 You know, maybe not it'll never be at the in the US, the way that it is in Europe with the National consortium but. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00296-00317800-00319200 Goodness gracious you know let's get some agreements running through like the Greater Western library Alliance through Orbis cascade the big 10 has made their first, you know away agreement with Cambridge and so I think that's a tremendous shift in the +Qtt1-B1it-U-00297-00319200-00320500 landscape that I'm that I'm makes me a little bit hopeful for all of this, but we have a tremendous amount of work to do. My Library publishing operation, it will the publishing operation of Iowa State similar to Minnesota you know we're working directly +Qtt1-B1it-U-00298-00320500-00322200 with smaller society so that's one piece of it. I think the bigger societies that have resources are probably in a pretty good space to take care of it, the ACS is the ACM the I triple E is but that leaves just the middle ground of societies that I think +Qtt1-B1it-U-00299-00322200-00323800 do need some engagement and some support and analyzing, you know where the money is coming from, what type of model my work. We've got things like the subscribed open community of practice, you know, society that wants to explore that model can plug into +Qtt1-B1it-U-00300-00323800-00325100 that community but, you know, I still don't think we probably have all the models that we need so there is a lot of work to be done in this space and and Catherine did chime in on the chat that she has been replaced it just Can somebody who's picking +Qtt1-B1it-U-00301-00325100-00326600 her work so I didn't mean to suggest that Jessica is abandoning this this noble effort that they've been doing. We just need more consortium to do the same work just follow up on that point actually I'm in a year and a half ago we were, we were very, +Qtt1-B1it-U-00302-00326600-00327900 sort of despondent if you like and rather pessimistic about the prospect of being able to do these sorts of deals and Catherine, just and others other consultants have really made life much easier for us in that regard and the last year and a half, we've +Qtt1-B1it-U-00303-00327900-00329300 been doing lots of these deals you know got about 180 of them worldwide so it's very different to how I thought it was good because initially it just looked like it was going to be the big commercial players but fortunately societies have been able to +Qtt1-B1it-U-00304-00329300-00330400 get a seat at the table to which is. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00305-00330400-00331300 Any last thoughts on this question. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00306-00331300-00333000 Okay, we'll move on to section three them so section three is questions from the chat from the attendees and Robin, sin, who's one of the CO organizers is going to she's been sifting through the chat, and she's going to present questions from attendees. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00307-00333000-00334500 Some may be directed to a specific panelist, if it's not directed to a specific panelist anyone can answer, and even if it is directed to a specific panelist, you can answer once the person that's directed to has answered. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00308-00334500-00334800 So, Robin, go ahead. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00309-00334800-00336500 Hi everybody, so I've got questions from the chat and questions that people have put into that section of our agenda document. We're not going to be able to get through all of these in 30 minutes but I'll try to kind of push some of the ideas together. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00310-00336500-00337800 There were a couple questions about a PCs. Um, there's a variety of a PC costs for moving a journal to gold OA. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00311-00337800-00339700 There are questions about how are those that determines the costs, and then the fees that would support the costs of, of your publishing system and our society thinking about models that don't include a PCs, why, why do we have to go to an you know a +Qtt1-B1it-U-00312-00339700-00341600 per article kind of costs system. And then there was also that may be an ancillary thought to this APC question which was, what about the non research articles if you're thinking about how research funders want to support the research well what about +Qtt1-B1it-U-00313-00341600-00343700 all the other articles that aren't that are important to the community of scholars but aren't research oriented and you can think about the whole annual reviews as a group of journals, but then also individual articles within journals that also have research +Qtt1-B1it-U-00314-00343700-00345000 articles so how, how can we deal with this whole idea that maybe a PCs aren't the way to go and who's who's thinking ahead of that game. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00315-00345000-00345100 That one. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00316-00345100-00346100 I think a PC is on the way to go. For many reasons I mean not that's not just non research articles, you know, large parts of the world. He sees enough to go or either. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00317-00346100-00347300 And I think some of the conversations seemed to make the sort of implicit assumption that open access, equals A PCs and it really does work clearly I mean there are societies doing other things. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00318-00347300-00348700 You mentioned the annual reviews experiment which is also other people are doing as well. Subscribe to open, which essentially takes effectively your existing subscriber base and makes them supporters to allow you to then click the journal, provided that +Qtt1-B1it-U-00319-00348700-00349500 they undertake to carry on supporting you to do that, which is slightly counterintuitive but seems to work. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00320-00349500-00350100 Whether it's going to work over a longer period. We don't know it's too early to say. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00321-00350100-00351100 There are other journals that are moving to a diamond launching diamond model where they are centrally funded so my the reading normal pace. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00322-00351100-00352600 And obviously, we've got the experience in South America, open access for a long time which is which is very different to the APC model so I think it's very important that we don't get hung up on the APC model because it's clearly not in any sense a global +Qtt1-B1it-U-00323-00352600-00352700 solution. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00324-00352700-00353400 I mean, we've got three journals that are largely commissioned to content which have been beamed issue review type journal. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00325-00353400-00355300 Those are going to be very challenging to transition under an ABC kind of concept, even a notional ABC concept that may well be that subscriptions are going to exist in perpetuity for things like that, I don't know. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00326-00355300-00356500 Yeah, I just endorse that I think it's a really tough question. The, the funding does need to come in to support all the systems processes editorial boards and so forth. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00327-00356500-00357700 But he's trying to make sure it's equitable and fair, it is supports flexibility on publication in the journal you wish to publish it for the community that you wish to have access. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00328-00357700-00359300 And I think there will be a mixed model, going forward and that won't be just binary mix subscription or a PC there will be other models, played around with a lot of them are kind of like the subscribe to open like security is their kind of their subscriptions +Qtt1-B1it-U-00329-00359300-00360800 but in a different guys, but it's a creative way of doing something differently to try and help in the long run. So, I don't, I don't think anyone has the, the moon shot solution on this because if it was, if we did we'd be doing it. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00330-00360800-00361900 So we're trying to find our way here. And, and I think the other part here is that if you flip the switch and every single subscription was a read and publish agreement. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00331-00361900-00362500 And there's the argument that there's enough money in the system to make sure we can get this way. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00332-00362500-00364100 Now that's a another discussion point completely, of course. But if you flip the switch that way and moved in that direction, we would be able to do all open access, but that would be like a worldwide subscribe to open transition, in that sense, because +Qtt1-B1it-U-00333-00364100-00365100 written publishes kind of a subscribe to open stepping stone. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00334-00365100-00366700 I'll just echo that it's, it's all extremely complicated and there's a lot of equity issues here especially for participation from those around the globe, from those that are in it, and economies that don't have the highest GDP per capita, you know, a +Qtt1-B1it-U-00335-00366700-00368500 PCs are not the way to go and, and a model that starts out with an APC and then waves for some people, is feels like a bit of a bandaid on the problem, but but again it's all really complicated we have a review journal that we you know we might. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00336-00368500-00370300 At some point like to try to make as a subscribe subscribe to open journal but what libraries like to do that through our publishing partner. Wiley, or would they say no we don't want to do that kind of model with a with a commercial publisher. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00337-00370300-00371400 That's an open question that journal also, it could probably work as a as an open access journal with, with an APC because it turns out and our review journal. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00338-00371400-00372500 A lot of the people are invited in a lot of people have funding for a PCs, but that just again brings up these questions of equity because maybe we should be inviting people who, who don't necessarily have a lot of money in their grants to also participate +Qtt1-B1it-U-00339-00372500-00372700 in writing review articles. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00340-00372700-00373700 So, you know, and research for life exists that that's again waivers but can I think the waivers for these a PCs are a little bit of a band aid. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00341-00373700-00373900 And I think they're more than a. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00342-00373900-00375200 I mean beyond a band aid I think they can be demeaning and it's you know we're putting a subpopulation of our authors from under resourced institutions and parts in the world they have to come hand in hand in order to have a career in order in order to +Qtt1-B1it-U-00343-00375200-00375800 participate, you know in this endeavor of knowledge creation. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00344-00375800-00377000 My, my concern over APC is just continues to mount, you know so thinking of our open access agreement with Wiley taken that one as an example. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00345-00377000-00378400 You know, we're trying to get more sophisticated with our with our publishing projections there but in any given year that thing can bounce around drastically so even if we were to control costs on a PC, if we were to have what I would consider a more +Qtt1-B1it-U-00346-00378400-00379900 reasonable APC of splits a 1700 dollars instead of 3000 which is what we're averaging with Finally, if publishing APA goes up 50% in a year. You know that volume right there will will make this thing not sustainable. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00347-00379900-00381600 And there is every incentive for publishers to increase the volume. Right. And I feel like publishers are getting more sophisticated with the cascading I feel like they're putting in place a regime where an article that comes across the threshold will +Qtt1-B1it-U-00348-00381600-00382500 never escape and so these volumes are going to go up across the board, it's not just that any particular publisher is going to get a bigger piece of the pie that pie is going to grow. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00349-00382500-00384100 And I think that we need to wrestle with this because it's it's not going to be sustainable. I'm a huge fan of subscribed open. I really like what Scott Delmon has done at ECM I think these non a PC approaches are more equitable and I think they have +Qtt1-B1it-U-00350-00384100-00385700 a greater opportunity to control costs going forward. greater opportunity to control costs going forward. We have a lot to talk about in this area, I believe. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00351-00385700-00386900 Sorry, I was gonna say that, you know, if you, if everything becomes open. And, as you say, more and more, they're more more outputs more more Polish articles and there's other types of outputs out there. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00352-00386900-00388200 It's funny how you can come right around the circle and need a subscription based project in a program in order to help people find the material that's most important to them at the end so +Qtt1-B1it-U-00353-00388200-00388500 it does end up becoming circular to me. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00354-00388500-00390000 I mean I just to echo what you said though. It is a great concern I think the emphasis on volume because once you type volume $2, you know, there is an incentive to grow volume you know whether that's launching new journals and God we need new journals +Qtt1-B1it-U-00355-00390000-00390100 like we need. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00356-00390100-00390400 Whatever the analogy of, you know what I'm saying. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00357-00390400-00392000 And it's certainly the case that big commercial publishers who are looking at the looking after societies are basically now driving them to accept more articles to turn the handle faster and faster and generate all this extra income, and you know that's +Qtt1-B1it-U-00358-00392000-00392600 not really necessarily in the benefit of the academy and the societies don't always want to do it either. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00359-00392600-00393900 But they're being kind of told that that's what they're gonna do because that's the way the model works. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00360-00393900-00395500 Okay, Robin Next question. Ah, well, yeah, we've been kind of talking through some of the questions as they come up because they're all about parts of what people are talking about but I think I'm going to try to get the panel to talk a little bit more +Qtt1-B1it-U-00361-00395500-00397700 closely about the RS the rights retention strategy, and the, the need for the author to retain copyright in moving to an open world rather than the publisher, and how much pressure is this this was actually an earlier question for Curtis. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00362-00397700-00398800 That said, you said something like you are hopeful that the RS will further the transition to Oh a publishing by putting pressure on the system, can you say more about your theory of change here. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00363-00398800-00399500 What pressure does the rights retention strategy, put on publishers to flip to OA. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00364-00399500-00400000 And there's been a lot of other questions around that so we'll use that as a kickoff. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00365-00400000-00401300 Sure, and I, you know, just to qualify this answer again you know all societies are not created equal. So, these things have, you know, different impacts across different types of society so some. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00366-00401300-00402700 I think will be threatened by something. Why did 60, you know publishers and societies, you know sign that STM letter right says in the letter that it's going to negatively impact potentially income, right. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00367-00402700-00403600 I think if they're feeling financially threatened they might feel motivated to move quicker toward open access and I'll just one other thing I'll say about that letter. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00368-00403600-00404800 What stood out to me about that letter that came out in February is yeah there's 60 publishers but compare that list of publishers against the folks who signed on to the White House letter. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00369-00404800-00405500 The year before that we had 120 hundred and 30 publishers signed on to the letter asking the White House. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00370-00405500-00405900 Whatever not to move on a zero embargo policy. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00371-00405900-00407200 And you know you had ECM you had a whole bunch of societies and publishers that signed on to one but not the other and I don't know what that says but to me my takeaway is that there's probably some societies that or maybe fairly neutral about this they +Qtt1-B1it-U-00372-00407200-00408000 didn't feel strong enough to sign on to the STM letter so maybe it won't be a huge motivator to them maybe they just won't see it's going to have much of an impact on their operation. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00373-00408000-00409900 I think the potential for funder mandates coming through are driving the change we're seeing right now. and so more funder mandates means more uncertainty more urgency, and I think ultimately more movement. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00374-00409900-00411300 Maybe if I could pick up on the comment that's gone through in the chat as well but it relates to this as well. And that was why did ACS launch my new goal journals, pure gold journals at a time when do we need more journals and essentially, can you not +Qtt1-B1it-U-00375-00411300-00412600 not transition the existing ones. And the real answer there was no we could not transition those existing ones at the pace that coalition s was setting out so what is it three or four year transition plan. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00376-00412600-00413200 When regions of the world are not moving at the same pace as Europe and then parts of America. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00377-00413200-00414600 We have to make sure that we do everything in a sustainable way that we can keep the quality standards up. So, the existing journals could not transition fast enough fact, so therefore we had to launch new journal so we could support the European community +Qtt1-B1it-U-00378-00414600-00415800 who would otherwise have had almost no journals to go to. So that was the motivation to launch new journals there. Plus, it's good to have pure open access journals there's a factor there too. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00379-00415800-00417500 So, really, coming full circle that's basically saying the direction of coalition S has helped migrate publishers to launch new journals to create solutions that will be pure open access when the transition period for foolishness and. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00380-00417500-00418600 But unfortunately, other parts of the world are not keeping that pace up and its natural so we're doing all we can to encourage open access updating in China in America and other countries. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00381-00418600-00419200 But, yeah, it's not one size fits all going forward we're not all marching at the same pace of this. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00382-00419200-00421000 So we have to try and keep all the wheel spinning plates spinning on the rack, as we get from where we were five years ago to where we are now, to where it will be in five years time as well. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00383-00421000-00422200 Yeah, except I think probably what the most researchers want is for the journals that they publish in today to be made open access rather than to be offered the new have access journal so I mean, you know, we will be launching a new open access journals, +Qtt1-B1it-U-00384-00422200-00423300 my absolute power is to try and transition the ones we've got that people wanted to publish in for hundreds of years in our case, to open access as soon as possible. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00385-00423300-00424000 We, as I said before, we've had zero, green policy for many many years, we've never seen any detrimental effects from it. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00386-00424000-00424800 In 2013, when planets announced that they were going to require CC by licenses on a, on an article on an accepted manuscript. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00387-00424800-00425500 We allow that as well so we added that to our policy, along with I think, three or four publishers so far not very many. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00388-00425500-00426900 And for the reason purely that we didn't want to lose authors from planets fungus so in our case we had quite a lot of authors who are welcome funded, and we would when planets kicked in and just had to say goodbye to them, had we not got because at that +Qtt1-B1it-U-00389-00426900-00427500 point we didn't have transformed the deals we had no other compliant route. So that's why I switched that option on. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00390-00427500-00428200 And we now have made some quite a lot of progress on making transformative deals that we have another compliant route. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00391-00428200-00430100 We've also had our journals, accepted as transformative journals so we've got three legs under the table if you like for those authors, and that. That's my priority is actually making sure that we don't have to say goodbye to any of our authors. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00392-00430100-00431400 You know, I just wanted to add real quick that I think this, the conversation you know about rights retention and specifically about leaving copyright, with the authors, you know i don't think that is a small point and we talk a lot about access going +Qtt1-B1it-U-00393-00431400-00433000 from subscription to close but, but, you know, we, we, we, as librarians we who are working with individual researchers I think it's worth our time to spend more more time in conversation about what this shift in ownership means and that and that's really, +Qtt1-B1it-U-00394-00433000-00434500 that's really important. And it's, it's not to be a, it's not to be really taken lightly and I think it's sometimes can get brushed aside because the open access conversation is is complicated there's lots of different routes there's business models but +Qtt1-B1it-U-00395-00434500-00435900 if we talk about this real, who has ownership of those articles, but you know post post publication that's that's that's really a major point and I just want to put in a plug for continuing to have those conversations with our authors, rather, if we are +Qtt1-B1it-U-00396-00435900-00437000 their publisher or if we are their, their library and that that shift and ownership is is really a huge thing. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00397-00437000-00437100 Thank you. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00398-00437100-00439000 I'm going to take what AJ just put in the chat and kind of motion was something Brandon said earlier, which gets to the away from what what you were just talking about which is individual articles, being open and copyright and things like that. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00399-00439000-00439800 And someone, one of the society, I can't remember if it was Jimmy Stewart who mentioned this earlier, right. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00400-00439800-00440100 do journals need to stay journals. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00401-00440100-00442100 Brandon had asked about consolidating journals, multiple journals into one and then moving to a library publisher for those AJ talks about overlay journals from like archive and things like that and then moving those then peer reviewed and curated pre +Qtt1-B1it-U-00402-00442100-00442900 prints, you know, now there's something different, they're more of a version of record moving those to a library as publisher. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00403-00442900-00444600 Are we getting close to a point where, and of course this is all research based on researcher behavior or journals won't be that thing you point out and say, all the good stuff is in that journal Could it be that all that stuff is in that platform, or +Qtt1-B1it-U-00404-00444600-00446200 all the good stuff is somewhere else are we are we getting there and will that help OA. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00405-00446200-00448300 So I don't know if that's where everything is going but I know we're working on some projects with our, our pre press server space science archive, particularly around these community science aspects I was speaking at the beginning of today's talk, where +Qtt1-B1it-U-00406-00448300-00449400 we would have lots of different types of material that are posted and tagged appropriately. Just to be shared. And, and then trying to connect people to what what's going to help. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00407-00449400-00451000 If I'm trying to replicate a project you did in your community, in my community. I can find that material. And along with that there may be some peer reviewed aspects of that song, some traditional research ticket gets pulled into a peer reviewed publication +Qtt1-B1it-U-00408-00451000-00451400 or something of that nature. And I for us. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00409-00451400-00452600 Right now it seems like if we're going to do something like that it will want to find funding external sources of funding, not from authors from libraries. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00410-00452600-00453900 But, but, you know, maybe government or, or some sort charitable organizations that want to make this reality. And I don't know if anybody else has any better ideas about how to, how to fund those sorts of operations. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00411-00453900-00454400 But I think it's possible. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00412-00454400-00455600 I was just gonna add the from the question of what was going through my mind is this really open to Pandora's box of researcher motivation to publish in journals, the full stop. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00413-00455600-00456900 And the way that creditors, or credit or recognition is provided by publishing in nature, our niche of chemistry or Jax, or whichever journal in the hierarchy, you're talking about. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00414-00456900-00457500 So, this is where there are many many ways we could be creative and do things in a different style. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00415-00457500-00458300 But so, if it doesn't satisfy researcher motivation and behavior changes very slowly in this world. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00416-00458300-00459500 It's going to be a really hard lift but it is something that can be explored and look forward to. But, but just finding ways to take things forward and that creative transformative way. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00417-00459500-00461000 Yeah, there. There's options out there but they're also barriers which that recognition side of things is the key here, that people just go straight to the journal and see published a journal and x punch there, you know that's a bit there is a reality +Qtt1-B1it-U-00418-00461000-00461500 at the moon. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00419-00461500-00462400 Yeah, I agree with us, I think, I think that's one of the big inhibitors, of moving to New assistance and we've had journals for three and out trees, and you know they've been the solution. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00420-00462400-00463100 I'm sorry this. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00421-00463100-00464700 There is an inertia in the system from the technology only exists for people to be able to share their research and much clearer ways frankly and more efficient ways. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00422-00464700-00465700 Things all exist, but they're not being system which the credit system where authors are rewarded for where they publish rather than what they publish. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00423-00465700-00466300 And that's, that's a block currently frankly. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00424-00466300-00467600 But this is also an area where I think we're seeing progress so branded mentioned, you know the work that's going on at HHMI so if you look at the way that, you know, HHMI is evaluating who they're going to fund. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00425-00467600-00468800 You know, I don't even think they could put the, you know, journal Impact Factor anywhere near you know it's a narrative CV, it's picking your five most impactful papers and making an argument about why they are impactful. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00426-00468800-00470300 And I think that's, to me that's the work that really, it would be nice to see the societies leading that right so you're connected with the researchers you kind of define you know standards and practices within your disciplines you know and you really +Qtt1-B1it-U-00427-00470300-00471500 should be leading that I think. And I think there's an opportunity to lead it and I would love to see all of you get the journal Impact Factor off of your own journal pages and, you know, stop marketing, we can't just wait for the researchers I think +Qtt1-B1it-U-00428-00471500-00472000 there's things you know across all of our different stakeholder groups that we could be doing on this front. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00429-00472000-00473300 And, you know, thinking of from a library perspective you know what we've done we brought Dora forward in our library we're a signatory of Dora were a sponsor of Dora, we try and talk about Torah on our campus you know this is just something at every +Qtt1-B1it-U-00430-00473300-00474200 level we need to be pushing on. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00431-00474200-00475200 Thank you. I think I'll go back to another cost question now I'm sorry to kind of feel like I'm making you think like your ping pong balls on the table. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00432-00475200-00475700 costs. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00433-00475700-00477500 Especially if we're thinking of the read and publish agreements the transformative agreements where the cost for a library or an institution to support their researchers publishing with a particular publisher is based on article charges. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00434-00477500-00478900 How do you determine what it costs to actually produce an article and are you sharing all of it information freely and openly, are, are the library to enter into these agreements. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00435-00478900-00479900 seeing the math at that level so that they know what's, what's up. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00436-00479900-00481100 We can start to be. On one hand, we have our own account so we know what our costs are so that just like any organization, whether it's an airline or whether it's the University of whether it's a publisher. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00437-00481100-00483100 And we know what costs, we are seeking to cover as part of the process. We also then overlay differential costs so that for instance where there's not a waiver, the lowest cost for any PC at DCs is $250 for papers from India, going into ACS omega. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00438-00483100-00484400 Then we have the operating costs but it comes down if you're a member or you're subscribing Institute so that you get to a different point those costs, we, we don't share, and very few businesses do share you don't find out what the cost of an airline +Qtt1-B1it-U-00439-00484400-00485300 fuel is when you're flying a plane, you work out if that's where you want to go, and our anti trust devices that we shouldn't be sharing that cost us at this point. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00440-00485300-00486300 And we'll keep taking that advice to check where we can go on this because I know there's a big drive to try and find out what what cost is for which part of the publishing process. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00441-00486300-00488100 But if I get on to trust advice to say I shouldn't share it. I follow that advice, so that's where I am at the moment. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00442-00488100-00488800 Anyone else about publishing costs or a need to see costs. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00443-00488800-00490300 I'll quickly add we try and have the transparency conversation with all of the publishers we're trying to do open access agreements with and I think that's in the early stages of publishers being able to provide that information at the level that, you +Qtt1-B1it-U-00444-00490300-00490900 know, the library might be interested in. I think it's also like it's a huge difference between. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00445-00490900-00492400 If you think about like the transparency framework from the fair open access Alliance right that one's pretty lightweight six or seven or eight things I haven't looked at it for a little while, and then you look at the the plan s trance transparency framework +Qtt1-B1it-U-00446-00492400-00493700 right which is on a spreadsheet with how many columns, it gets quite complicated, even for a librarian trying to interpret that information. I think that's a conversation that could be had in the library community I think about what does transparency +Qtt1-B1it-U-00447-00493700-00494900 actually look like for us entering into these types of agreements, what do we need to know, what do we not need to know. I mean we don't need to know everything but some, there are some key points I think that we could agree on. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00448-00494900-00495300 And I think that's work that still needs to be done. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00449-00495300-00496600 And I don't mean to undercut the plan as transparency framework, it does make my eyes water a little bit when I look at it though. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00450-00496600-00498200 I'll say I'm for these sorts of transparency requirements. I do you think that will at Ag Report our annual financial reports, it gets a little bit confusing for those reading them about you know how much revenue is publishing operation bringing in and +Qtt1-B1it-U-00451-00498200-00500300 how much is actually being spent. Not all those expenditures show up in our publications department, and people get very confused about that but i think that's on us to make it more clear. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00452-00500300-00500900 Any last thoughts on that question. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00453-00500900-00501300 Matt Can I ask you a real question. Quick question about the Dora. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00454-00501300-00501500 Like is it. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00455-00501500-00502800 Am I thinking of this right like that could be a conversation that Agu leads with your members like research assessment reform is something that you empower a task force you to make recommendations and these folks take it back to their institutions and +Qtt1-B1it-U-00456-00502800-00503900 their departments like is that where that work needs to be done to get the buy in from the researchers to take it back to the home institutions and reform, because I know we've got departments that have list. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00457-00503900-00505100 Right. These are the these are the journals, for p amp T, you know if you're not in there on these journals it's like you're you're not going to have a career after, you know, five years. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00458-00505100-00506700 I think part of the conversation can be led by ag with its members and we already, as I said, Our signatories of Dora, and have had those conversations but not everybody, you know, not everybody's always involved different if they're invited. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00459-00506700-00508000 At the meeting to discuss these things so it takes repetition and I think it takes cooperation, not just across the gu but with other partners to help us move that forward. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00460-00508000-00509600 It is amazing how entrenched, not just traveling factor but just the way tenure and promotion works and what towns to her tenure and promotion and how entrenched that is, and and obviously someone who's going out for tenure promotion has to pay attention +Qtt1-B1it-U-00461-00509600-00509700 to that. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00462-00509700-00510300 So, I don't think the conversation is only to be head of the society. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00463-00510300-00511600 Yeah, it's extremely frustrating I think coming It's, I see this, this is really the mother of all the problems I mean all these problems, tend to slow down from this this, what I would consider pathological reliance on venue publication. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00464-00511600-00512900 And I think it's, it occurs at multiple points in the system. The people who are most subject to it are the early career researchers and those are the people who are least able to really influence it they can't get off the merry go round they have to +Qtt1-B1it-U-00465-00512900-00514600 play the game and push to that extent. I think where the responsibility lies is with research, performing petitions with funders, with their second National Academies like us, learning societies that has to be a concerted effort here to not simply sign +Qtt1-B1it-U-00466-00514600-00515400 up the door and we signed up to that several years ago we took our impact by web pages but to go further than that and to actually make this change happen. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00467-00515400-00516200 So, one of our functions is to is we have a science policy unit which is very active in advising policymakers and government. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00468-00516200-00517500 And we do have a strand which we're calling research culture, which looks at these sorts of things, how science actually works in practice, you know how people rewarded how careers are developed and so on. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00469-00517500-00518800 I think it's absolutely critical that we solve that problem because once we do that we will then, I think, unlock this very heavily journal dominated system and free up other ways of people sharing their scholarship. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00470-00518800-00519400 And he has got to happen. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00471-00519400-00519700 Okay, we're down to the last three minutes. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00472-00519700-00520800 Any last statements brief last statements from the panelists. Before we close. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00473-00520800-00522500 You know, I just want to say and I'm sure Curtis feels the same way as, as it from the TSP to a group but you know I think webinars like this and any additional places and venues where we're having conversations with societies have with libraries and +Qtt1-B1it-U-00474-00522500-00524000 at the same time is a is a fantastic place I think, you know, an added element always should also be researchers or faculty members who are members of those societies are published with those society publications, so I just, you know, thank you for having +Qtt1-B1it-U-00475-00524000-00525300 for happiness and I want to encourage more more of these conversations moving forward. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00476-00525300-00525600 Okay, great. Thank you. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00477-00525600-00526300 Thank you to all the panelists for participating really appreciate each of your perspectives. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00478-00526300-00527000 The you the video of this talk will be posted on YouTube. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00479-00527000-00527800 Robin and Devin What's the name of the channel, that it will be on. +Qtt1-B1it-U-00480-00527800-00530700 So copy channel Cut, Copy YouTube channel. Okay. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00000-00000368-00000784 Anthony Comegna: When we think about what exactly causes change over time, we can obviously +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00001-00000784-00000973 have a couple different answers. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00002-00000973-00001323 Some people like to say that things are basically random. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00003-00001323-00001503 Other people say, "Well, no. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00004-00001503-00001930 There really are no random events when it comes to the social sciences." +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00005-00001930-00002427 The more, let's say, Austrian approach to a discipline like history would be to say +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00006-00002427-00003280 that all actions are, in some sense at least, purposeful. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00007-00003280-00003907 [00:00:30] This is Liberty Chronicles, a project of libertarianism.org. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00008-00003907-00004423 I'm Anthony Comegna. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00009-00004423-00005064 We want to overview Marxism and classical liberalism so we can get a very full picture +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00010-00005064-00005721 of what exactly produces change and how then we can launch ourselves into the content first +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00011-00005721-00006335 of early American history and then into historical [00:01:00] discussion and study more broadly. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00012-00006335-00006773 When the Marxists looked out on the world in the 19th century, they really saw a lot +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00013-00006773-00007054 of poor conditions for average people. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00014-00007054-00007727 They saw larger and larger concentrations of wealth, greater and greater market interactions +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00015-00007727-00008355 dissolving these old ties that kept communities and people together, continually alienating +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00016-00008355-00009092 people from their work by changing production processes, introducing innovative [00:01:30] +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00017-00009092-00009442 methods of production, distribution. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00018-00009442-00010093 As the economy constantly changed under the influence of these liberal ideas about entrepreneurship +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00019-00010093-00011009 and free market capitalism, it very much hurt certain people in the popular. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00020-00011009-00011585 This concerned many, especially in a place like Europe, which, as we'll see, had a very +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00021-00011585-00012225 different historical context by the mid-19th century than the United [00:02:00] States. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00022-00012225-00013094 Europe was very sharply divided along very visible class lines. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00023-00013094-00013616 As the wealthy became wealthier, they also became more powerful over people's lives in +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00024-00013616-00013922 ways that were brand new. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00025-00013922-00014547 Bosses could now ... Once a worker, sort of figuratively of course, went from farm to +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00026-00014547-00015063 factory, went from being a semi-independent, at least, yeoman farmer, [00:02:30] let's +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00027-00015063-00015647 say, into the factory, into the controlled work environment, he became a slave to the +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00028-00015647-00015900 clock and a slave to the boss. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00029-00015900-00016494 His rhythms of life became changed as a result of his work place. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00030-00016494-00017011 All of these different factors were very alienating and disenchanting to a great number of people, +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00031-00017011-00017515 especially in certain centers in European society where, again, these differences between +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00032-00017515-00018099 rulers and wealthy people and working people, average people, were very [00:03:00] sharp +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00033-00018099-00018311 and stark. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00034-00018311-00018912 The Marxist as a broad group sought to explain and not justify why the world was the way +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00035-00018912-00019012 it was. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00036-00019012-00019619 They wanted to describe how we got to this position where industrial workers could be +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00037-00019619-00020419 exploited by the capitalist class for a meager wage when once, they would have had the land +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00038-00020419-00020914 and the means to provide for themselves and live independently. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00039-00020914-00021470 How did we get to this [00:03:30] point, this position in world history where industrialism +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00040-00021470-00022004 seemed to be sweeping aside all of the old world, including the parts that people may +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00041-00022004-00022251 have liked and rather enjoyed? +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00042-00022251-00022959 We're going to turn now to a very short piece from Karl Marx just to explain exactly what +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00043-00022959-00023315 his theory of history amounts to. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00044-00023315-00023831 This is from Karl Marx's "Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy". +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00045-00023831-00024502 Reader: [00:04:00] "A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy" by Karl Marx. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00046-00024502-00025011 "The mode of production and material life determines the general character of the social, +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00047-00025011-00025267 political, and spiritual processes of life. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00048-00025267-00025789 It is not the consciousness of men that determines their existence but on the contrary, their +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00049-00025789-00026075 social existence determines their consciousness. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00050-00026075-00026557 At a certain stage of their development, the material forces of production in society come +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00051-00026557-00027025 into conflict with the existing relations of production, or what is [00:04:30] but a +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00052-00027025-00027483 legal expression for the same thing, with a property relations within which they had +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00053-00027483-00027705 been at work before. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00054-00027705-00028122 From forms of development of the forces of production, these relations turn into their +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00055-00028122-00028238 fetters. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00056-00028238-00028538 Then comes the period of social revolution. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00057-00028538-00029033 With the change of the economic foundation, the entire immense super structure is more +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00058-00029033-00029274 or less rapidly transformed. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00059-00029274-00029776 In considering such transformations, the distinction should always be made between the material +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00060-00029776-00030168 transformation of the economic conditions of production, [00:05:00] which can be determined +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00061-00030168-00030641 with the precision of natural science, and the legal, political, religious, aesthetic, +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00062-00030641-00031255 or philosophic, in short, ideological forms, in which men become conscious of this conflict +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00063-00031255-00031463 and fight it out. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00064-00031463-00031962 Just as our opinion of an individual is not based on what he thinks of himself, so can +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00065-00031962-00032401 we not judge such a period of transformation by its own consciousness. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00066-00032401-00032903 On the contrary, this consciousness must rather be explained from the contradictions of material +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00067-00032903-00033334 life, from the existing [00:05:30] conflict between the social forces of production and +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00068-00033334-00033578 the relations of production. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00069-00033578-00034090 No social order ever disappears before all the productive forces for which there is room +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00070-00034090-00034606 in it have been developed, and new, higher relations of production never appear before +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00071-00034606-00035137 the material conditions of their existence have matured in the womb of the old society." +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00072-00035137-00035626 Anthony Comegna: Marx has what's called a stateliest vision of change over time. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00073-00035626-00036171 He actually divides history into different, distinct, definite, identifiable [00:06:00] +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00074-00036171-00036271 periods. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00075-00036271-00036858 For him, he calls them the Asiatic, the ancient, the feudal, and the modern bourgeois methods +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00076-00036858-00037015 of production. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00077-00037015-00037447 Each is characterized primarily by different labor relationships. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00078-00037447-00038063 To his mind, this is because, again, the material conditions of your existence, the physical +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00079-00038063-00038585 world that you're born into, especially the amount of wealth that you command, is then +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00080-00038585-00038849 going to structure the rest of your life. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00081-00038849-00039370 How much power and privilege you'll [00:06:30] be able to access and wield, for example, +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00082-00039370-00040029 versus how much, or rather, how little you can contribute, and therefore, how much the +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00083-00040029-00040216 boss can exploit. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00084-00040216-00040746 If all you can do is labor, if all you can do is work and sell your labor for a wage +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00085-00040746-00041238 or for subsistence living, then you really don't have many choices in life. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00086-00041238-00041483 Perhaps nobody has any choices at all. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00087-00041483-00041998 If you take the strong view, the strong Marxist position, really nobody has any choices [00:07:00] +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00088-00041998-00042539 at all and we're completely determined by the material conditions of our existence. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00089-00042539-00043077 Here's my interview with Dr. Jason Kuznicki, a historian at the Cato Institute and editor +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00090-00043077-00043225 of Cato Unbound. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00091-00043225-00043444 We're discussing the Marxist theory of history. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00092-00043444-00043994 Jason Kuznicki: History for Marx was deterministic because he thought that the explanation for +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00093-00043994-00044810 history lay in technology, lay in how people do work, how people transform the physical, +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00094-00044810-00045116 natural world into usable things. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00095-00045116-00045757 [00:07:30] When you have a medieval level of technology, he believed only medieval forms +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00096-00045757-00046397 of government are at all likely, and this is also produces a certain sensibility, a +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00097-00046397-00046835 certain way of thinking about the world. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00098-00046835-00047324 We can say that technology is important and we can say that the history of labor is important +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00099-00047324-00047924 without necessarily endorsing all of Marx's conclusions, but for him, it was a fairly +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00100-00047924-00048698 direct [00:08:00] line from the material technology to exactly how people governed and to exactly +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00101-00048698-00049043 what people could even think potentially. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00102-00049043-00049800 I think now that that's been fairly well falsified, that we often find people even in medieval +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00103-00049800-00050320 times with somewhat different ideas than one might expect and that there isn't a necessary +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00104-00050320-00051044 connection between the world of labor and the production of ideas. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00105-00051044-00051608 [00:08:30] Still though, it's an interesting hypothesis and it's one that has been tested +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00106-00051608-00052189 and that has ... Although it's been falsified, I think the falsification of it has in some +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00107-00052189-00052420 sense pushed the understanding of history forward. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00108-00052420-00052827 Anthony Comegna: I wouldn't say that I'm terribly well versed in Marxist historiography. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00109-00052827-00053416 I'd say I'm an admirer from afar, in that I think I agree with you in the interpretation +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00110-00053416-00053921 of it that their perspective on how important labor is and how important our daily activity +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00111-00053921-00054363 is and the struggles [00:09:00] we go through in our daily life and the forces that infringe +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00112-00054363-00055123 upon us on a second by second basis sometimes, many of which are entirely outside of our +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00113-00055123-00055264 choosing. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00114-00055264-00055704 That perspective and point of view is incredibly important and it's simply something that people +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00115-00055704-00056344 of other traditions have ignored too much, and so the Marxists in some sense own it. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00116-00056344-00056845 They own that history from below approach as really their big contribution. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00117-00056845-00057129 Did they get it from us, or did we [00:09:30] get it from them? +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00118-00057129-00057908 Is there a way to profitably blend a classical liberal and a Marxist approach to history? +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00119-00057908-00058611 Jason Kuznicki: I would favor a kind of careful eclecticism here because while I think there +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00120-00058611-00059195 are valuable stories to be told about everyday life, and while there are valuable stories +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00121-00059195-00059839 to be told that are very far outside of political history, I don't think that a lot of the Marxist +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00122-00059839-00060091 method is terribly [00:10:00] useful. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00123-00060091-00060879 I don't think that we can always, or effectively, analyze people as components of the class +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00124-00060879-00061035 to which they belong. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00125-00061035-00061279 People are a lot more complicated than that. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00126-00061279-00061657 People sometimes do act on class interests, they sometimes do understand themselves to +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00127-00061657-00062317 be part of a social class as defined by their relationship to the means of production, but +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00128-00062317-00062587 sometimes they act in very different ways. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00129-00062587-00063066 Sometimes they act as representatives of a religious faith, [00:10:30] which cannot be +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00130-00063066-00063733 so easily reduced to a social class in the Marxist sense, or they act with respect to +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00131-00063733-00064358 how they see themselves as gendered people, or they act with respect to race in ways that +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00132-00064358-00064992 are much more difficult to analyze as mere reflections of social class in the Marxist +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00133-00064992-00065092 sense. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00134-00065092-00065576 There have been efforts by Marxists to collapse these other categories into some form of relationship +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00135-00065576-00065873 to the means of production, but I don't really find that very convincing. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00136-00065873-00065973 Anthony Comegna: Right. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00137-00065973-00066439 All those would be [00:11:00] reflections of the larger structure set up by property +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00138-00066439-00066539 relations. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00139-00066539-00066939 Jason Kuznicki: That's the claim, but it's rarely so clear cut as that. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00140-00066939-00067697 There are also cases where people act and even create new collective identities in ways +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00141-00067697-00068263 that just don't reduce to class at all, I don't think. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00142-00068263-00068873 Anthony Comegna: The Marxists have really turned a focus on the history basically of +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00143-00068873-00069426 people that capitalism has left [00:11:30] out or that nationalism especially has left +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00144-00069426-00069537 out. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00145-00069537-00069698 We can identify plenty of those. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00146-00069698-00070212 It used to be working people's history, although that's been pretty well fleshed out, but by +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00147-00070212-00070830 now, it's things like gender studies and queer studies, African American studies, or making +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00148-00070830-00071466 up for lost ground in the history that the world has not bothered to produce yet by adopting +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00149-00071466-00072016 this perspective that really the structure we live in modifies the way we [00:12:00] +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00150-00072016-00072145 view the world. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00151-00072145-00072654 It influences us dramatically, even if it doesn't quite determine who we are. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00152-00072654-00072848 It does influence us dramatically. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00153-00072848-00073571 It does split us into antagonistic factions, the amount of wealth that some control and +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00154-00073571-00074558 that are others are denied and so on. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00155-00074558-00075974 [00:12:30] The liberal theory of history has its origins in the struggle against absolutism +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00156-00075974-00076418 in the early days of the Enlightenment, the scientific revolution and the Enlightenment, +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00157-00076418-00076639 17th, 18th centuries. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00158-00076639-00077214 The roots of these ideas from the liberal tradition go back very, very far and they +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00159-00077214-00078089 basically posit that it is the massively powerful, brutally exploitative, constantly [00:13:00] +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00160-00078089-00078764 warring empires and states out there that really split the population into warring factions +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00161-00078764-00079126 and therefore cause change over time. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00162-00079126-00079676 In the liberal model, it's not property per say, it's not wealth and the material conditions +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00163-00079676-00080320 of your existence per say that causes the social classes to split and to come into conflict. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00164-00080320-00080570 Rather, it's the use of power. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00165-00080570-00081072 There's, what I would call, a thick and a thin interpretation of [00:13:30] the liberal +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00166-00081072-00081245 theory of history. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00167-00081245-00081868 The thin interpretation is that only political or state power does this. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00168-00081868-00082626 It is simply your access to political power that can give you or your cronies, your family, +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00169-00082626-00083135 your group, whatever it might be, a special advantage, power and privilege, that others +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00170-00083135-00083362 are then denied access to. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00171-00083362-00083958 Essentially, this view holds that the government is a giant cartel, and if that cartel, that +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00172-00083958-00084535 monopoly, [00:14:00] were to be broken up and the powers and privileges dissolved throughout +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00173-00084535-00085199 the population, you would get rid of social classes and you would get rid of the clash +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00174-00085199-00085829 of interest groups that causes so much of the change that we call history. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00175-00085829-00086386 Then there is the thick version, which says that it's not simply political power, but +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00176-00086386-00087079 it is all sorts of power that cause people to split into factions and classes [00:14:30] +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00177-00087079-00087348 and antagonistic groups. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00178-00087348-00087964 This could include, it does definitely include, state power, but it could include the power +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00179-00087964-00088441 of a father over his children that eventually drives them away. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00180-00088441-00089292 It could be the power of a preacher that comes on way too strongly and again drives people +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00181-00089292-00089392 away. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00182-00089392-00090032 It could be the social forces that keep people closeted or that cause people [00:15:00] who +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00183-00090032-00090488 are trans so many problems with their identity and safety issues. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00184-00090488-00091238 The thick view says that any time we use what power we have as individuals to constrict +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00185-00091238-00091904 the choices of others, to influence or shape their actions, we are necessarily setting +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00186-00091904-00092143 up a conflict between us and them. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00187-00092143-00092727 In some sense, any use of power divides the population into warring factions, those who +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00188-00092727-00093094 embrace that use of power and those who resist [00:15:30] it. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00189-00093094-00093751 It therefore gives a sort of impetus to a change in circumstances to accommodate this +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00190-00093751-00094267 dissatisfaction between two parties, therefore, change over time. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00191-00094267-00094455 That's what we call history. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00192-00094455-00095017 The question is, again, back to our methods, what exactly do you call historical events +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00193-00095017-00095445 and how does that effect which theory you think is the best one to apply when you're +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00194-00095445-00096002 actually going out and thinking about how the past worked and why the world is now the +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00195-00096002-00096110 [00:16:00] way it is? +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00196-00096110-00096545 I asked Jason Kuznicki about ideological thickness versus thinness. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00197-00096545-00097269 Jason Kuznicki: There are various uses that this approach, this thick versus thin approach, +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00198-00097269-00097498 can be put to. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00199-00097498-00098008 Sometimes you will find people who want to say that if you are a thin libertarian, you're +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00200-00098008-00098417 on the right of the sort of libertarian political spectrum. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00201-00098417-00098631 You're just concerned with governmental issues. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00202-00098631-00099179 You're not concerned with the social tolerance [00:16:30] of homosexuality, for example. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00203-00099179-00099370 You'll say, "Why are we even making this a question? +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00204-00099370-00099902 This shouldn't matter", with an implied, often an implied, bit of disdain there. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00205-00099902-00100343 "This ought not to be a concern for libertarians. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00206-00100343-00100645 We ought not to even care about it because what we care about is the state and we care +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00207-00100645-00101000 about state power and its abuses and how it is doing harm." +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00208-00101000-00101100 Anthony Comegna: Yeah. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00209-00101100-00101207 These other things are distractions. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00210-00101207-00101690 Jason Kuznicki: The other stuff is a distraction. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00211-00101690-00102068 On the left, you will find people who will counter this and will say, [00:17:00] "If +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00212-00102068-00102716 we don't have an ethos of 'live and let live', if we don't have a general world view that +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00213-00102716-00103345 says that people should have a broad sphere of autonomy in their personal lives, then +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00214-00103345-00103869 it's only a matter of time until we enlist the state to crush people for things that +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00215-00103869-00104080 they ought not to be crushed. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00216-00104080-00104502 You can have your thin libertarianism, but good luck with it lasting because it will +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00217-00104502-00104797 not." +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00218-00104797-00105033 I see some point to both. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00219-00105033-00105433 [00:17:30] The purpose of doing politics is, after all, to do politics. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00220-00105433-00105998 The purpose of having a political ideology is to have some effect on the state, but I +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00221-00105998-00106496 do not think it's true that only the state is a problem. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00222-00106496-00107115 For example, Ayn Rand famously once claimed that only the state can censor. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00223-00107115-00107612 By this, she meant you're not being censored if the New York Times doesn't give you its +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00224-00107612-00107985 front page for you to use for your commentary. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00225-00107985-00108085 That's not [00:18:00] censorship. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00226-00108085-00108662 I agree with her on that, but I think it's also fairly easy to imagine cases that are +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00227-00108662-00108885 censorship and yet are private. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00228-00108885-00109133 If an angry mob smashes a printing press, that's censorship. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00229-00109133-00110238 That have, in fact, attacked the liberty of an individual to print what he believes. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00230-00110238-00110879 There are real but private affronts to liberty and that would be an example of one. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00231-00110879-00111270 If you attack someone's liberty [00:18:30] directly, the private use of force is not +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00232-00111270-00111437 a trivial matter. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00233-00111437-00111723 It's something libertarians ought to care about also. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00234-00111723-00112511 Anthony Comegna: I want to jump ahead to one of my favorite authors and figures from history +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00235-00112511-00112611 generally. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00236-00112611-00112763 His name is William Leggett. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00237-00112763-00113529 Leggett was a radical Jacksonian newspaper editor who his career really flourished in +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00238-00113529-00113629 the 1830s. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00239-00113629-00113976 He wrote for the New York Evening Post as well as a few of his own papers. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00240-00113976-00114590 Leggett [00:19:00] was just about the purest example of a modern day libertarian I think +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00241-00114590-00114970 I can find from the period. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00242-00114970-00115610 Practically every one of his positions foreshadows the modern libertarian platform, if you will, +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00243-00115610-00116204 or program in practically every way, right down to his being extraordinarily for his +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00244-00116204-00116515 era, extraordinarily anti-slavery. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00245-00116515-00117041 Let's look at what Leggett has to say, for example, about the New York restraining [00:19:30] +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00246-00117041-00117141 law. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00247-00117141-00117791 This was a law that forbade non-chartered corporations or groups of individuals from +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00248-00117791-00118164 lending money, from participating in banking. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00249-00118164-00118659 Only those individuals or groups who obtained a special charter from the state government +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00250-00118659-00119099 could engage in the banking trade in the issuance of credit. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00251-00119099-00119547 This is William Leggett article called "The Restraining Law and its Abominations" from +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00252-00119547-00119899 the New York Evening Post, August 31, 1936. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00253-00119899-00120452 Reader: "The Restraining [00:20:00] Law and its Abominations" by William Leggett. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00254-00120452-00121091 "This vile blot upon our statute book, this tyrannous ordinance of the chartered money +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00255-00121091-00121667 power, this incredible outrage on the rights of the vast unprivileged majority of the inhabitance +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00256-00121667-00122345 of this free state, is one of those monstrous violations of natural justice that would not +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00257-00122345-00122869 exist, but that there existence is denied, and which are denied existence because they +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00258-00122869-00123008 out shock belief. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00259-00123008-00123640 [00:20:30] It is impossible that the people of New York have yet distinctly understood +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00260-00123640-00123964 the provisions of this insulting statute. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00261-00123964-00124086 What? +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00262-00124086-00124683 Can two millions of men be called free, know that they are stigmatized by an insolent oligarchy +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00263-00124683-00125255 as too stupid to drive the trade in money, that they are ignominiously excluded from +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00264-00125255-00125805 this simple traffic and basely cheated of all participation in its profits? +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00265-00125805-00126324 Will they submit to hang forever in [00:21:00] menial dependence upon the haughty smiles +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00266-00126324-00126528 of a patrician order? +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00267-00126528-00127182 Will they consent that 10,000 stockholders shall rule this state, and through this state, +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00268-00127182-00127337 the union? +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00269-00127337-00128012 Do they know that these 10,000 men have climbed so high that they fear not to look down and +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00270-00128012-00128777 say to us, who are 200 times their number, 'Ye scurvy naves. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00271-00128777-00129015 With one another you shall not lend. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00272-00129015-00129222 [00:21:30] You shall not borrow. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00273-00129222-00129408 You shall not promise. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00274-00129408-00129627 You shall not trust. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00275-00129627-00130355 You shall in no wise deal in the thrice holy and mysterious trade of money. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00276-00130355-00130942 With one another, ye [inaudible 00:21:44], the counterchanging craft is sacrilege. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00277-00130942-00131333 The traffic in paper promises is taboo. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00278-00131333-00131819 If you have money, bring the vile [inaudible 00:21:56] to us. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00279-00131819-00132600 We will ease you of your [00:22:00] fullness, but we warn you, let not your needy brother +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00280-00132600-00132833 partake your abundance. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00281-00132833-00133073 Make us your almoners. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00282-00133073-00133575 Give us possession of the beggar's blessing, the supplicant's tribute, and the suitor's +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00283-00133575-00133713 fee. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00284-00133713-00134051 If you would promise, promise us. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00285-00134051-00134557 We will make you keep your promises. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00286-00134557-00134975 You are not fit to trust each other in that kind. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00287-00134975-00135540 If you [00:22:30] are in want or in straits or in dangers, come to us. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00288-00135540-00136289 Pay us salvage and we will save you, but see that you help not one another. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00289-00136289-00136712 You are weak and would let down the rate of usance. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00290-00136712-00137171 You are unskillful and would ruin the trade in money. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00291-00137171-00137665 If you have treasure that you would lay up, deposit it with us. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00292-00137665-00137971 With us, it will be safe. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00293-00137971-00138565 You yourselves [00:23:00] shall hardly tear it from our custody, but confide not your +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00294-00138565-00138799 hard earnings with each other. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00295-00138799-00138925 You are base. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00296-00138925-00139048 You are stupid. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00297-00139048-00139217 You are faithless. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00298-00139217-00139527 We alone are to be trusted. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00299-00139527-00139746 This is our advice. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00300-00139746-00139871 Such is our command. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00301-00139871-00140772 Obey and you shall be fleeced so gently that you will not know it. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00302-00140772-00141294 Resist and our strong men shall go [00:23:30] into your houses and take forfeiture of your +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00303-00141294-00142037 affects, and if you abide in your obstinacy, they shall strip you of all you have and shall +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00304-00142037-00142254 cast you out. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00305-00142254-00142997 You and your children to want and beggary if so it seems good to one of us, the noble +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00306-00142997-00143540 order of money changers by special patent from the state.' +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00307-00143540-00144044 If this is the language of exaggeration, someone can show us where. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00308-00144044-00144676 [00:24:00] If this is not the literal translation of the law, we should be glad to know what +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00309-00144676-00144835 is. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00310-00144835-00145385 We appeal to the learned and legislative jargon if we have not rendered faithfully the meaning +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00311-00145385-00145640 of this statute of restraint. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00312-00145640-00146315 Our version is less coolly insolent because it is not in Christian English to utter such +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00313-00146315-00146811 abominations without an honest shudder. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00314-00146811-00147057 We give the original at full length. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00315-00147057-00147679 [00:24:30] If it is not the creation of an order of American barons, the New York Times +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00316-00147679-00148230 will tell us what is wanting to make the patent of nobility complete." +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00317-00148230-00149421 Anthony Comegna: When put together in a way that most people usually do not bother doing, +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00318-00149421-00149950 these two views offer us very compelling explanations for change over time. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00319-00149950-00150451 When you only [00:25:00] employ one at the expense of the other, you very easily lose +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00320-00150451-00151574 a lot of explanatory power. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00321-00151574-00151895 Liberty Chronicles is a project of libertarianism.org. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00322-00151895-00152173 It is produced by Tess Terrible. +QvzDA8Z0-rY-00323-00152173-00152551 To learn more about Liberty Chronicles, visit libertarianism.org.