evidence: Compared with group C, the BIS values at T5, T6, T7, and T8 in group P were significantly higher (P < 0.001 for all comparisons; one-way ANOVA).
intervention: creatine phosphate sodium (1.0 g/100 ml 0.9% saline; group P)
comparator: 100 ml 0.9% saline (group C)
outcome: The Steward recovery scores at T7 and T8