[0.000 --> 18.000]  What makes one an exceptional presenter? Is it flashy visuals? Is it the tone of voice? Is it the actual message or content?
[18.000 --> 23.000]  Or does that have something to do with body language? Are gestures and our stance?
[23.000 --> 30.000]  Today we want to talk to you about this latter point. How do we use our body effectively to communicate our message?
[30.000 --> 37.000]  Because we have so many great ideas here, but if they remain in our head, don't actually link up with the audience.
[37.000 --> 42.000]  Our message will not have arrived. We will not have a resonator with the audience.
[42.000 --> 47.000]  So body language plays a powerful role in how we communicate.
[47.000 --> 55.000]  And unfortunately, body language can also distract. We've seen this clip before of Michael Bay.
[55.000 --> 63.000]  He speaks, the teleprompter, he loses sight of what's happening, that the telever doesn't sink up, and he struggles.
[63.000 --> 69.000]  And all you see is his body moving around and he's nervous, he's exuding it.
[69.000 --> 74.000]  So I want to give some color commentary as a rewatch, as a class. What has happened?
[74.000 --> 79.000]  So his stance at the beginning, it's okay, but his hands is meshing them.
[79.000 --> 88.000]  And now it's starting to turn from the audience. Again, his hands are clasped, he's looking a bit down, not at all of you, the audience, and he spins.
[88.000 --> 98.000]  He shows his back, the audience. And he can't be getting composure. He's swaying back and forth, he's looking down, he's avoiding the audience. His nerves are coming out.
[98.000 --> 108.000]  Again, his hands, he's writing them. And now I think he's looking at the back of the stage. That's the exact opposite place from where you want to actually look.
[108.000 --> 113.000]  He's incredibly nervous, and now he exits stage.
[113.000 --> 116.000]  We all want to avoid our own Michael Bay moments.
[116.000 --> 118.000]  When we communicate.
[118.000 --> 126.000]  The last thing we want at a startup pitch or meeting is to have that happen, is to have the body language take over from the message.
[126.000 --> 135.000]  If we lose sight of what our body is doing, all people can pay attention to is the body itself. Right? It'll take over.
[135.000 --> 142.000]  So that comes down to not only kind of distract, but the body language can, it is your superhero. Right?
[142.000 --> 149.000]  That it can change, it's your superpower. Sorry, not a superhero. You're the superhero. But it's your superpower.
[149.000 --> 154.000]  In the sense that we can utilize it to enhance and communicate with every person in the audience.
[154.000 --> 162.000]  We want to talk about that today from three vantage points. Colin is going to get us started in talking about how posture breeds success.
[162.000 --> 166.000]  Jung-Joon is going to talk about how gestures to strengthen your message.
[166.000 --> 176.000]  Finally, Jennifer is going to close us out with how we think about the body posture of you, the audience, and how to interact with that. Colin, take us away.
[176.000 --> 181.000]  Communication begins before you even open your mouth to speak.
[181.000 --> 190.000]  Your audience's first impression of you is your posture and your position. And so it's important to know both how to stand, as well as where to stand.
[190.000 --> 196.000]  And perhaps it's fairly obvious, but you should stand facing the people you're talking to.
[196.000 --> 204.000]  Don't stand facing your visuals and turning your back to the audience. That's not what we want to do. We can't communicate that way.
[204.000 --> 212.000]  It's also important to know where you're standing in the room. A position of strength in this room is somewhere in this center box.
[212.000 --> 216.000]  As long as you're moving around in the center, you're doing pretty well.
[216.000 --> 223.000]  Well, you don't want to be as often the corner of countering or especially in front of any distractions.
[223.000 --> 229.000]  And this room is pretty good. It doesn't have that many distractions. But there is a window.
[229.000 --> 234.000]  And outside this window, there are cars, there are buses, there are bikers.
[234.000 --> 242.000]  And when I was standing over there, probably about half of you could see in your peripheral vision outside the window.
[242.000 --> 252.000]  And if a car were to drive by your instinct, your reaction would be to look out the window and that would break your concentration in our conversation.
[252.000 --> 254.000]  And we don't want that either.
[254.000 --> 258.000]  And now that you know where to stand, it's important to know how to stand.
[258.000 --> 272.000]  So we're going to demonstrate a few positions, a few bad positions that we've seen from us and some of you guys and even from the presentations earlier today that you shouldn't do.
[272.000 --> 280.000]  And the first one is hands in your pockets. This comes off as nonchalant, your shoulders tend to roll forwards.
[280.000 --> 284.000]  And it's very difficult to convey a strong message from this position.
[284.000 --> 292.000]  The second one is hands on your hips. When your hands are on your hips, you tend to look overbearing and powerful.
[292.000 --> 300.000]  And the third one is the fig leaf. This is where you're protecting your family jewels with your hands.
[300.000 --> 307.000]  And while it also looks timid, it's especially bad when you decide to gesture from this position.
[307.000 --> 309.000]  I want to show you something.
[315.000 --> 318.000]  You look like you're flashing the audience. And that's not a good thing.
[318.000 --> 320.000]  So how should you stand?
[320.000 --> 328.000]  And if I could actually get all of you to stand, I'll lead you through a short demonstration on how to find your face posture.
[328.000 --> 334.000]  So once you've stood, be mindful of the people next to you and place your feet hip width apart.
[334.000 --> 339.000]  Close your eyes and look up towards the ceiling and lift your hands above your head.
[339.000 --> 345.000]  Get a good stretch underneath your shoulders and let your arms drop to the side.
[345.000 --> 350.000]  When you open your eyes, look down. This is your base posture.
[350.000 --> 354.000]  Thank you very much for participating. You guys can sit down now.
[355.000 --> 364.000]  Now that you've found your base posture, this is where you should gesture from and it's where you should return to when you're finished gesturing.
[364.000 --> 369.000]  It may not feel the most comfortable, but it looks the most comfortable to your audience.
[369.000 --> 375.000]  Remember that your posture and position are the audience's first impression.
[375.000 --> 381.000]  But now that you know how to stand still, it's time to learn how to move.
[382.000 --> 388.000]  Dressures are important because it helps you communicate that.
[388.000 --> 393.000]  For example, if you use dresses, the audience remembers twice as much.
[393.000 --> 400.000]  It also helps you with future speakers too because it helps your memory when you speak.
[400.000 --> 408.000]  Also, besides the transition, your hand and arm movement is the biggest movement that the audience can see.
[409.000 --> 414.000]  You can either use it wisely, or waste it on random and distracting gestures.
[414.000 --> 418.000]  I'm going to show you three types of gestures.
[418.000 --> 423.000]  The give, the show and the chop. Here's an example.
[425.000 --> 431.000]  This folder at the GSB, I went to this communications class. It was so great.
[431.000 --> 438.000]  I mean, you could feel that your skills are improved. I think this was the best class I've ever taken.
[438.000 --> 442.000]  Let's rewind and see what happened. The give.
[442.000 --> 446.000]  This folder at the GSB, I went to this communications class.
[446.000 --> 451.000]  So this gesture is used to give the audience the facts or the options.
[451.000 --> 457.000]  Remember to have your palms up, not down, we'll get to that in a minute.
[458.000 --> 464.000]  The show. I mean, you could feel that your skills are improving.
[464.000 --> 469.000]  This kind of gesture has the largest variety and your imagination is the limit.
[469.000 --> 474.000]  Just remember that the gesture and the message has to match.
[474.000 --> 479.000]  For example, you can't say, prof is arising with a gesture like this.
[479.000 --> 485.000]  So, congruency and creativity. The chop.
[486.000 --> 490.000]  I think this was the best class I've ever taken.
[490.000 --> 494.000]  So this gesture is used to deliver strong opinion.
[494.000 --> 498.000]  You can either use it one hand or you can use both hands.
[498.000 --> 503.000]  You can use both hands and do a larger chop which will deliver a stronger message.
[503.000 --> 510.000]  So, next time when you do gestures, think about these three types and plan ahead.
[510.000 --> 517.000]  Three types is the give. The show. And the chop.
[517.000 --> 524.000]  Ha! I bet everyone in the room is going to remember this.
[524.000 --> 530.000]  Just just work. That's the message.
[530.000 --> 534.000]  Another subject is about having your palms up.
[534.000 --> 538.000]  So, I'll give you an example.
[538.000 --> 543.000]  People on the right, please rise and move to the left.
[543.000 --> 545.000]  I'll do slightly different this time.
[545.000 --> 549.000]  People on the left, right, please rise and move to the left.
[549.000 --> 554.000]  One more time. People on the right, please rise and move to the left.
[554.000 --> 556.000]  Do you see the difference?
[556.000 --> 560.000]  Which one do you think would make more people move?
[560.000 --> 565.000]  The first one. Yes. According to the study, if you have your palms up,
[565.000 --> 572.000]  84% of the audience complies. If you have your palms down, 52%, if you have your fingers,
[572.000 --> 579.000]  28%. Never use your fingers at your audience.
[579.000 --> 585.000]  It looks just arrogant and only politicians use that. Clinton used it.
[585.000 --> 590.000]  I did not have sexual relations with that woman.
[590.000 --> 597.000]  It looks bad. Back then, it looks bad now.
[597.000 --> 602.000]  And last but not least, avoid the terrorist gestures.
[602.000 --> 609.000]  For example, people on the right, please rise and move to the left.
[609.000 --> 613.000]  No matter what you do, I mean it looks silly.
[613.000 --> 616.000]  So, loosen up everybody.
[616.000 --> 622.000]  Always remember that gestures are there for you and the audience to make a deeper connection.
[622.000 --> 629.000]  So far, we've talked about the audience. Now it's time to focus on you, the audience.
[629.000 --> 635.000]  As John June and Colin and Matt described, we've been focusing on the body language of the speaker.
[635.000 --> 638.000]  But let's not forget, who's the real hero here?
[638.000 --> 645.000]  As we learned in our first week of class, it's not me, the speaker. It's you, the audience.
[645.000 --> 651.000]  But what happens when the audience doesn't realize that they are on this hero's journey?
[651.000 --> 654.000]  Have you ever seen an audience that looks like this?
[654.000 --> 658.000]  Have you ever been that audience? It's okay, we all have.
[658.000 --> 664.000]  Whether we're playing on our phones, falling asleep and nodding off, looking at the clock,
[664.000 --> 670.000]  and calculating, can we make an escape from this room? We've all done it.
[670.000 --> 676.000]  But the thing is, it's the speaker's responsibility to understand what's going on with their audience.
[676.000 --> 680.000]  And body language is a powerful way to assess that.
[680.000 --> 686.000]  As a speaker, we can be so focused on our own body language that we never even notice what the audience is doing.
[686.000 --> 689.000]  And it's important to change that.
[689.000 --> 694.000]  So I want to share three strategies for how you can engage with your audience better
[694.000 --> 697.000]  by developing more observational skills.
[697.000 --> 703.000]  So first of all, absolutely, be using the gestures and body language tools that we've talked about today
[703.000 --> 705.000]  and over the course of the quarter.
[705.000 --> 708.000]  But the second thing is to notice.
[708.000 --> 712.000]  Of course, you're going to be looking for eye contact, but look beyond it.
[712.000 --> 715.000]  Look at how your audience members are sitting.
[715.000 --> 717.000]  Are they fidgeting? Are they moving?
[717.000 --> 723.000]  Are they leading forward, looking engaged and taking notes? Or are they zoning out?
[724.000 --> 729.000]  If your body language, your eye contact, and your efforts at being compelling are not working,
[729.000 --> 731.000]  then you can go deeper.
[731.000 --> 735.000]  You can try to surprise the audience with a question or use some humor.
[735.000 --> 737.000]  Or you can disrupt the audience.
[737.000 --> 742.000]  As students, we hate being cold-called, but we know it's effective, right?
[742.000 --> 744.000]  Jason, what's your favorite color?
[744.000 --> 746.000]  It was.
[747.000 --> 748.000]  It's blue.
[748.000 --> 750.000]  Okay, very good.
[750.000 --> 752.000]  You've got that one.
[753.000 --> 757.000]  As we all know, it's the fastest way to re-engage with a conversation with a speaker.
[757.000 --> 759.000]  So don't be afraid to use it.
[759.000 --> 764.000]  It's so important to keep your audience on track because they're the hero and it's their journey.
[764.000 --> 769.000]  Remember how Nancy Duarte told us that we are the Yoda to the Luke Skywalker.
[769.000 --> 773.000]  And our job as a speaker is to keep the hero on their journey.
[773.000 --> 778.000]  With that in mind, I think we've talked about three concepts that really remind each of us
[778.000 --> 781.000]  about how body language is your superpower.
[781.000 --> 785.000]  Use it, become that superpower, some that's superhero.
[785.000 --> 790.000]  And we welcome any questions you have on how to stand strong, gesture effectively,
[790.000 --> 792.000]  and engage the audience.
[792.000 --> 793.000]  Thank you.