1 00:00:14,320 --> 00:00:19,600 Okay, good morning everybody. How are you? I bet 2 00:00:19,600 --> 00:00:28,910 you had a nice weekend. Not much. Why? Okay, but 3 00:00:28,910 --> 00:00:31,930 other than this, like, did you have time to write 4 00:00:31,930 --> 00:00:33,750 reports and write response? 5 00:00:36,930 --> 00:00:45,350 So, let us see what you have written. Let me see 6 00:00:45,350 --> 00:00:47,910 you, please. Yes. 7 00:00:54,430 --> 00:00:59,170 You just come here. Okay. I'm sitting on my desk 8 00:00:59,170 --> 00:01:01,630 thinking of something to write in my daily report 9 00:01:01,630 --> 00:01:04,290 about the previous class. Actually, I didn't have 10 00:01:04,290 --> 00:01:09,010 the chance to read my report yet. But this time, I 11 00:01:09,010 --> 00:01:11,590 have this gut feeling that this time, Dr. Anna... 12 00:01:11,590 --> 00:01:16,090 Wow, look here. You know, look here. And this is 13 00:01:16,090 --> 00:01:18,670 the beauty about like getting to write a report. 14 00:01:18,890 --> 00:01:21,730 Like, you think, you know, you're not going to 15 00:01:21,730 --> 00:01:24,770 read, but here she thought and she's reading. 16 00:01:25,790 --> 00:01:28,630 About the last class, I really liked the themes of 17 00:01:28,630 --> 00:01:31,650 the poem. It wasn't just about courtly love, as I 18 00:01:31,650 --> 00:01:34,090 expected. It also could be about power and 19 00:01:34,090 --> 00:01:37,790 weakness. And also, how you connected Raym with 20 00:01:37,790 --> 00:01:42,610 the themes. It was very amazing. Thank you very 21 00:01:42,610 --> 00:01:48,050 much. It's laconic, but what I like about this... 22 00:01:48,050 --> 00:01:51,010 You know what means laconic? Very short. But what 23 00:01:51,010 --> 00:01:55,990 I like about this report, is like the way she is 24 00:01:55,990 --> 00:02:01,150 spontaneous and the way she is recapitulating the 25 00:02:01,150 --> 00:02:06,390 previous class by talking about the theme. Okay, 26 00:02:06,610 --> 00:02:15,290 yes? Yes? Report. Still like we are in the area of 27 00:02:15,290 --> 00:02:16,150 report. 28 00:02:24,890 --> 00:02:26,510 Say good morning, how are you? Like they are 29 00:02:26,510 --> 00:02:29,210 waiting for you, yeah? And you have to look at 30 00:02:29,210 --> 00:02:33,160 them. Good, good. Okay. Last class was an 31 00:02:33,160 --> 00:02:36,340 interesting class because Mr. Habib completed the 32 00:02:36,340 --> 00:02:41,000 last point in the poem. He used his lab and showed 33 00:02:41,000 --> 00:02:44,200 some of the reports about poems, which gave us an 34 00:02:44,200 --> 00:02:47,300 important information. That helped us to 35 00:02:47,300 --> 00:02:51,320 understand more. A lot of students participated 36 00:02:51,320 --> 00:02:55,040 with the teacher. Next, he used a new way that he 37 00:02:55,040 --> 00:03:00,640 divided us for groups, only three students in the 38 00:03:00,640 --> 00:03:01,160 same group. 39 00:03:09,990 --> 00:03:12,110 Collaborative. I like the word collaborative work. 40 00:03:13,130 --> 00:03:18,190 He wanted to ask each group of the first one to 41 00:03:18,190 --> 00:03:20,650 the second one. So the lecture followed up a 42 00:03:20,650 --> 00:03:23,530 discussion and a question. At last, we finished 43 00:03:23,530 --> 00:03:28,330 the whole discussion. Then Mr. Hadif called us to 44 00:03:28,330 --> 00:03:33,930 prepare us to a new bowl. Ah, to prepare a new 45 00:03:33,930 --> 00:03:38,230 bowl. Good. Now I know somebody is like boiling. 46 00:03:38,490 --> 00:03:41,450 She wants to read her report. Is anybody like? 47 00:03:42,510 --> 00:03:45,990 feeling that she needs to read her report before 48 00:03:45,990 --> 00:03:52,610 we shift to the response? Good. So, Henry Howard, 49 00:03:52,870 --> 00:03:58,950 Errol of Surrey. Description of Spring. What do 50 00:03:58,950 --> 00:04:08,630 you think? First, let me see who's ready to give a 51 00:04:08,630 --> 00:04:09,170 response. 52 00:04:19,650 --> 00:04:23,110 The season of buds and blooms fled away, with the 53 00:04:23,110 --> 00:04:26,210 gifts he brought and every spray, with the smiles 54 00:04:26,210 --> 00:04:29,410 he drew on every spot, and the gloom he erased 55 00:04:29,410 --> 00:04:33,030 behind every dot. For the green hills that used to 56 00:04:33,030 --> 00:04:36,570 spring, and the nightingales that always sing, the 57 00:04:36,570 --> 00:04:39,710 season of love will back again, when he reignites 58 00:04:39,710 --> 00:04:42,770 other hills somewhere. It's the angelic season to 59 00:04:42,770 --> 00:04:45,550 blow the joy in the heart, to lob in the yards and 60 00:04:45,550 --> 00:04:48,270 catch the buck's heart. It's the time when hearts 61 00:04:48,270 --> 00:04:50,890 make up their minds to create a castle over 62 00:04:50,890 --> 00:04:54,110 blossoms' rapid sides. Yet some might consider it 63 00:04:54,110 --> 00:04:57,890 a matter of gloom, since in the party they failed 64 00:04:57,890 --> 00:05:00,950 to win a room. Those should be much more aware 65 00:05:00,950 --> 00:05:04,670 that life leaves us rarely fair. Good. Thank you. 66 00:05:05,630 --> 00:05:08,590 I think you are becoming more poetic in your 67 00:05:08,590 --> 00:05:14,630 response. So I think at the end of this course, we 68 00:05:14,630 --> 00:05:19,470 are going to have a new poet. Thank you. Okay, now 69 00:05:19,470 --> 00:05:24,910 let me just elicit your responses, like, you read 70 00:05:24,910 --> 00:05:27,870 something about the poet, you read, like, Henry 71 00:05:27,870 --> 00:05:32,270 Howard. So let me see, like, what's your response 72 00:05:32,270 --> 00:05:33,470 without reading, yes? 73 00:05:38,700 --> 00:05:39,060 No, 74 00:05:41,920 --> 00:05:44,120 I just want you to talk without reading. What do 75 00:05:44,120 --> 00:05:46,540 you think of the poet and what do you think of the 76 00:05:46,540 --> 00:05:46,760 poem? 77 00:05:57,940 --> 00:06:04,080 We have some similarities 78 00:06:04,080 --> 00:06:05,300 and some differences. 79 00:06:08,760 --> 00:06:13,420 So it seems like you are impressed by this summit 80 00:06:13,420 --> 00:06:14,820 more than the previous one? 81 00:06:19,030 --> 00:06:19,490 Okay, 82 00:06:28,110 --> 00:06:33,130 so there is like, you know, an abrupt shift, you 83 00:06:33,130 --> 00:06:36,910 know, in the whole poem. Good. I like the way you 84 00:06:36,910 --> 00:06:40,610 approach the poem, like, and you know, you started 85 00:06:40,610 --> 00:06:43,760 to compare and contrast. And I think comparing and 86 00:06:43,760 --> 00:06:49,800 contrast between two poets is good. And I want 87 00:06:49,800 --> 00:06:52,680 this angle to be developed in our course. 88 00:06:53,720 --> 00:06:56,460 Yesterday, we were dealing with Henry Howard, who 89 00:06:56,460 --> 00:07:01,840 was a great admirer of Sir Thomas Wyatt, the one 90 00:07:01,840 --> 00:07:07,280 who introduced this sonnet. Good. Any other 91 00:07:07,280 --> 00:07:13,770 response? Yes, please. by teaching them the style 92 00:07:13,770 --> 00:07:18,690 of the word, and that it's also epistemic. Yeah, I 93 00:07:18,690 --> 00:07:22,350 like the word ephemism, ephemistic. To be 94 00:07:22,350 --> 00:07:26,190 ephemistic, like, you know how to write this word. 95 00:07:27,190 --> 00:07:31,410 Ephemism, like to use nice words to express harsh 96 00:07:31,410 --> 00:07:35,130 ideas. For example, sometimes it is very 97 00:07:35,130 --> 00:07:37,210 embarrassing to say, I want to go to the toilet. 98 00:07:37,810 --> 00:07:40,330 So a better way is say, I want to wash my hands. 99 00:07:40,960 --> 00:07:45,800 Mr. X, for example, died. This is very shocking. 100 00:07:46,040 --> 00:07:49,540 So he passed away. This is ephemism. But I don't 101 00:07:49,540 --> 00:08:04,040 know why you say he's ephemistic. It means 102 00:08:04,040 --> 00:08:08,460 he's hedging. He's not blunt. He's not direct. 103 00:08:09,090 --> 00:08:11,270 Okay, it seems like we need to develop this 104 00:08:11,270 --> 00:08:16,610 further. Good, thank you. Yes? Yes? 105 00:08:20,110 --> 00:08:23,690 Okay. What do you think? Do you like the poem? 106 00:08:24,390 --> 00:08:27,230 Okay, you can, you're free to say, we like it, we 107 00:08:27,230 --> 00:08:30,430 don't like it. What was the most interesting line 108 00:08:30,430 --> 00:08:35,750 for you? Like, these are, yes? Have you read the 109 00:08:35,750 --> 00:08:40,720 poem? Yeah, was it disturbing? Because some people 110 00:08:40,720 --> 00:08:43,420 thought it was disturbing, because you know, the 111 00:08:43,420 --> 00:08:47,800 language itself is little bit. Yeah, it's archaic 112 00:08:47,800 --> 00:08:52,060 language. It's not like, you know, very formal. 113 00:08:52,400 --> 00:08:57,580 It's archaic. Yes? It is not old English, because 114 00:08:57,580 --> 00:08:59,560 if we are talking about old English, it is 115 00:08:59,560 --> 00:09:03,360 completely different, you know? This is like, you 116 00:09:03,360 --> 00:09:06,020 know, it can be criticized as modern English, you 117 00:09:06,020 --> 00:09:10,810 know? Yes? What about here, people? Yes, please. I 118 00:09:10,810 --> 00:09:14,530 like 119 00:09:14,530 --> 00:09:17,450 this. 120 00:09:17,710 --> 00:09:21,270 I like this. So he was trying, like, to speak 121 00:09:21,270 --> 00:09:26,010 about the internal by talking about... Yeah, and 122 00:09:26,010 --> 00:09:28,910 this is like, you know, one of the differences 123 00:09:28,910 --> 00:09:30,610 between the two. Yes? 124 00:09:37,620 --> 00:09:39,640 It's, can you repeat that? 125 00:09:43,800 --> 00:09:48,620 Good color. Nature. So you think the poem is about 126 00:09:48,620 --> 00:09:51,260 like a change in nature? 127 00:09:54,340 --> 00:09:59,450 He liked that change or he didn't like it? He 128 00:09:59,450 --> 00:10:04,270 liked it, but he's sad because he didn't like one 129 00:10:04,270 --> 00:10:09,250 of the aspects of this change or relief of nature. 130 00:10:09,830 --> 00:10:14,530 He's not included with that. So because he was not 131 00:10:14,530 --> 00:10:17,390 included in that change, do you want to say he was 132 00:10:17,390 --> 00:10:19,650 a little bit envious? You know what's mean 133 00:10:19,650 --> 00:10:24,770 envious? Like he had some envy. Good. I like this. 134 00:10:25,690 --> 00:10:30,860 Yes? At first, he was describing the miracle of 135 00:10:30,860 --> 00:10:33,880 nature and how everything around him is new and 136 00:10:33,880 --> 00:10:37,640 changing. But at the same time, his attitude, he 137 00:10:37,640 --> 00:10:39,920 couldn't change. He couldn't be part of this 138 00:10:39,920 --> 00:10:45,080 change and move on. Good. I liked it. Yes? What 139 00:10:45,080 --> 00:10:50,100 about the other people? Yes? What do you think? I 140 00:10:50,100 --> 00:10:53,020 want to talk about the… Yeah, it seems like all of 141 00:10:53,020 --> 00:10:56,420 you are doing well, but some of you are afraid to 142 00:10:56,420 --> 00:11:01,070 say their opinion. Go ahead. expressed about his 143 00:11:01,070 --> 00:11:06,270 love for nature and the change which happened. Do 144 00:11:06,270 --> 00:11:09,670 you think like he, when he talk about nature, did 145 00:11:09,670 --> 00:11:14,390 he show any feeling and attitude? Yes, he 146 00:11:14,390 --> 00:11:19,110 expressed his insight by expressing about the 147 00:11:19,110 --> 00:11:21,370 outside. So he used the description as a vehicle? 148 00:11:22,430 --> 00:11:29,440 Good. You talked. What about the rest? Yes? You 149 00:11:29,440 --> 00:11:30,760 like the poem or you don't like it? 150 00:11:36,980 --> 00:11:44,400 You talked 151 00:11:44,400 --> 00:11:49,060 about the message. What is the message? Yeah, but 152 00:11:49,060 --> 00:11:52,700 he has a message. Do you think he has a message? I 153 00:11:52,700 --> 00:11:55,460 think when we write, you know, we are having a 154 00:11:55,460 --> 00:11:57,840 message. What is the message? What is the possible 155 00:11:57,840 --> 00:11:58,200 message? 156 00:12:15,180 --> 00:12:19,920 Yes? So, like, the message he's sending, like, 157 00:12:19,960 --> 00:12:24,020 he's different, like, he's, you know, sad. He's 158 00:12:24,020 --> 00:12:26,380 sad. So, he wants, like, to convey his suffering. 159 00:12:27,020 --> 00:12:30,560 Good, okay. Good. 160 00:12:33,940 --> 00:12:35,340 Is he trying to gain our sympathy? 161 00:12:38,760 --> 00:12:44,280 Have you read that? How did you read that? First, 162 00:12:44,760 --> 00:12:49,560 like, I don't know. When you read the poem, you 163 00:12:49,560 --> 00:12:54,500 must have read 164 00:12:54,500 --> 00:12:59,500 it aloud. So this is the poem. And thus I see 165 00:12:59,500 --> 00:13:03,480 among these pleasant things, each care decays and 166 00:13:03,480 --> 00:13:07,460 my sorrow springs. How would you read this? I want 167 00:13:07,460 --> 00:13:10,960 you to read as if you like, when you read it at 168 00:13:10,960 --> 00:13:13,500 home, you must have read it aloud. So how would 169 00:13:13,500 --> 00:13:18,410 you read this last couplet? And I like, you know, 170 00:13:18,570 --> 00:13:21,250 this is a copy. How did you read it? And each care 171 00:13:21,250 --> 00:13:24,690 decays and you know, and thus I see among these 172 00:13:24,690 --> 00:13:27,290 pleasant things, each care decays and yet my soul 173 00:13:27,290 --> 00:13:29,450 springs. You mean how I read it? Yeah, yeah. How 174 00:13:29,450 --> 00:13:33,990 to understand it? Yeah, how you read it aloud. And 175 00:13:33,990 --> 00:13:36,690 thus I see among these pleasant things, each care 176 00:13:36,690 --> 00:13:39,350 decays and yet my soul springs. Do you think this 177 00:13:39,350 --> 00:13:41,410 works like this? Like does this fit with the 178 00:13:41,410 --> 00:13:44,890 atmosphere? No, I want it to be very poetic, as if 179 00:13:44,890 --> 00:13:48,850 you were on the stage and reading this. How would 180 00:13:48,850 --> 00:13:55,270 you read it? Thus, I see among these pleasant 181 00:13:55,270 --> 00:14:01,170 things each care decays and yet my soul springs. 182 00:14:01,350 --> 00:14:06,330 Do you like it like this? I don't like it. Yeah. 183 00:14:06,410 --> 00:14:11,760 So, yeah, there should be sadness going on. And 184 00:14:11,760 --> 00:14:17,200 thus, I see among these pleasant things, each care 185 00:14:17,200 --> 00:14:22,980 decays and yet my sorrow springs. Yes. Yes. Yes. 186 00:14:23,280 --> 00:14:26,000 Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. 187 00:14:26,000 --> 00:14:27,600 Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. 188 00:14:27,600 --> 00:14:33,360 Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. 189 00:14:33,940 --> 00:14:35,420 Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. 190 00:14:36,080 --> 00:14:39,100 Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. 191 00:14:39,100 --> 00:14:41,060 Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. You 192 00:14:41,060 --> 00:14:43,780 should feel about it. OK. But I want to read the 193 00:14:43,780 --> 00:14:46,600 explanation. You want to read? OK, go ahead. I 194 00:14:46,600 --> 00:14:50,160 like this. At first, I see among these pleasant 195 00:14:50,160 --> 00:14:54,720 things, each care decays and yet my sorrow begins. 196 00:14:54,920 --> 00:15:00,480 Good. My sorrow springs. Yeah. So you have like 197 00:15:00,480 --> 00:15:08,100 this sense of like envy. And thus, I see among 198 00:15:08,100 --> 00:15:14,700 these pleasant things. Each care decays on my 199 00:15:14,700 --> 00:15:20,600 soul. And yet my soul springs. So it's like 200 00:15:20,600 --> 00:15:22,920 focusing. There is concentration on this coupling. 201 00:15:23,720 --> 00:15:27,880 Okay. It seems like this poem is very interesting. 202 00:15:28,380 --> 00:15:30,540 But let me ask a last question about your response 203 00:15:30,540 --> 00:15:32,520 as a Muslim reader. 204 00:15:35,040 --> 00:15:38,560 Did you like the poem? And why? As a Muslim 205 00:15:38,560 --> 00:15:42,000 reader, like, you know, as a reader, as a Muslim, 206 00:15:42,440 --> 00:15:47,080 do you like this poem or not? And what reasons 207 00:15:47,080 --> 00:15:49,440 would a Muslim have to like this poem? 208 00:15:59,180 --> 00:15:59,180 Yeah, 209 00:16:07,120 --> 00:16:14,480 so you think, I like this, The poet tries to 210 00:16:14,480 --> 00:16:19,040 convey some new ideas that come to transfer to the 211 00:16:19,040 --> 00:16:22,920 reader. And then the revolutions in the Arab 212 00:16:22,920 --> 00:16:25,740 world. Ah, very good. I like this, you know. They 213 00:16:25,740 --> 00:16:29,460 called it the Arabic Spring. The Arab Spring. Wow, 214 00:16:29,600 --> 00:16:31,880 good. Which means a new life. This is a new 215 00:16:31,880 --> 00:16:33,600 reading. This is a new political reading of the 216 00:16:33,600 --> 00:16:38,720 poem. Good. A new life, a new way of even a new 217 00:16:38,720 --> 00:16:45,600 way of style of life that they want to like it can 218 00:16:45,600 --> 00:16:51,720 be like protected. Good. I think yes, as Muslims, 219 00:16:52,000 --> 00:16:55,520 like we are interested in the idea of 220 00:16:55,520 --> 00:16:58,460 regeneration. We are interested in the idea of 221 00:16:58,460 --> 00:17:01,040 resurrection, rebirth. You know, resurrection 222 00:17:01,040 --> 00:17:06,620 means like you are resurrected from the dead. And 223 00:17:06,620 --> 00:17:10,040 we have a lot of dead images or images of death 224 00:17:10,320 --> 00:17:14,360 Then suddenly, all these images were transformed 225 00:17:14,360 --> 00:17:22,260 to images of love, of life and rebirth. Good. This 226 00:17:22,260 --> 00:17:25,660 is very interesting. Thank you for giving me this 227 00:17:25,660 --> 00:17:31,160 input. Now, let's go to the poet. Nobody told me 228 00:17:31,160 --> 00:17:36,120 anything about the poet. As you see here, Henry 229 00:17:36,120 --> 00:17:40,060 Howard, Earl of Surrey. And this is like a title, 230 00:17:40,380 --> 00:17:46,120 Errol. Errol, it's a title, like Errol to be in 231 00:17:46,120 --> 00:17:51,000 response. So it seems like he was a man from the 232 00:17:51,000 --> 00:17:56,340 Nobles. He was a man belonging to the court. He 233 00:17:56,340 --> 00:18:01,780 was a little bit different from Sir Thomas Wyatt. 234 00:18:02,800 --> 00:18:09,590 And look here. All his birth shows that he was 235 00:18:09,590 --> 00:18:12,370 noble. He was the eldest son of Thomas Howard and 236 00:18:12,370 --> 00:18:16,130 Lady Elizabeth, daughter of Duke. So he's 237 00:18:16,130 --> 00:18:21,690 belonging to the royal family. And he was given 238 00:18:21,690 --> 00:18:29,070 this title. He himself was a decision maker. And I 239 00:18:29,070 --> 00:18:35,790 think he was an important, figure in English 240 00:18:35,790 --> 00:18:42,350 literature for some reasons. Now Thomas Wyatt was 241 00:18:42,350 --> 00:18:46,950 influential, was very important. Why? Because he 242 00:18:46,950 --> 00:18:51,790 introduced the sonnet. Now we have here like 243 00:18:51,790 --> 00:18:57,630 somebody who did something else. And here we are 244 00:18:57,630 --> 00:19:02,870 talking about his achievement. As you see, Henry 245 00:19:02,870 --> 00:19:05,330 Howard was one of the founders of the English 246 00:19:05,330 --> 00:19:08,190 Renaissance poetry. So when we're talking about 247 00:19:08,190 --> 00:19:10,830 Renaissance poetry, we're talking about poetry 248 00:19:10,830 --> 00:19:15,770 which was influenced by Latin culture. I think he 249 00:19:15,770 --> 00:19:22,310 was, he translated many of Latin writers. And his 250 00:19:22,310 --> 00:19:25,970 poetry was imitating, but he was trying to develop 251 00:19:25,970 --> 00:19:30,370 the Renaissance poetry. Like he wrote about love, 252 00:19:30,510 --> 00:19:35,350 he wrote about death, he wrote about life. So his 253 00:19:35,350 --> 00:19:38,710 spectrum of themes was very wide. 254 00:19:41,830 --> 00:19:46,990 And I think he is accredited, as you see here, to 255 00:19:46,990 --> 00:19:50,170 develop the sonnet. Yes, Wyatt introduced the 256 00:19:50,170 --> 00:19:54,350 sonnet, but here we have a poet who developed the 257 00:19:54,350 --> 00:19:57,700 sonnet. And what I mean, he developed. I'm not 258 00:19:57,700 --> 00:20:02,340 talking about just like the rhyme itself, I mean 259 00:20:02,340 --> 00:20:08,820 the couplet, but rather how the sonnet became into 260 00:20:08,820 --> 00:20:13,060 four parts rather than two or three parts. So the 261 00:20:13,060 --> 00:20:19,400 poem, the sonnet became like four parts, three 262 00:20:19,400 --> 00:20:23,360 quatrains, and when I say quatrain, like four 263 00:20:23,360 --> 00:20:26,550 lines, and a couplet. And this is what Shakespeare 264 00:20:26,550 --> 00:20:31,450 adopted after him. So yes, he developed the 265 00:20:31,450 --> 00:20:35,890 sonnet. And the sonnet became more flexible, 266 00:20:36,110 --> 00:20:37,910 because if we are talking about the Italian 267 00:20:37,910 --> 00:20:42,070 sonnet, an octave and assisted, it is a little bit 268 00:20:42,070 --> 00:20:45,950 rigid. You are restrained to introduce the 269 00:20:45,950 --> 00:20:49,710 argument in the octave, and then you are forced to 270 00:20:49,710 --> 00:20:55,470 put forward the resolution or the solution. And 271 00:20:55,470 --> 00:20:58,370 that was very restraining to the poet. But here, 272 00:20:58,870 --> 00:21:02,710 you are gaining more flexibility. I like the way 273 00:21:02,710 --> 00:21:08,470 they are comparing Wyatt and Surrey. Both of them 274 00:21:08,470 --> 00:21:13,210 were the fathers of the English sonnet. Because 275 00:21:13,210 --> 00:21:17,970 one introduced it, and the other developed it. 276 00:21:19,380 --> 00:21:22,040 However, like one of the most interesting 277 00:21:22,040 --> 00:21:25,600 achievement, and he's credited, is the invention 278 00:21:25,600 --> 00:21:31,020 of blank verse. When we say blank verse, we're 279 00:21:31,020 --> 00:21:35,260 talking about unrhymed 280 00:21:35,260 --> 00:21:39,960 iambic pentameter. And Shakespeare is greatly 281 00:21:39,960 --> 00:21:47,060 indebted to Surrey because all of Shakespeare's 282 00:21:47,060 --> 00:21:51,330 plays were written in blank verse. And blank 283 00:21:51,330 --> 00:21:57,590 verse, it is this unrhymed iambic pentameter. I 284 00:21:57,590 --> 00:21:59,630 don't know, like, you might have read about his 285 00:21:59,630 --> 00:22:05,250 life. He had unfortunate life. And you know what 286 00:22:05,250 --> 00:22:09,510 happened to him? You know what happened to him? 287 00:22:11,830 --> 00:22:14,870 Why didn't you read about anything about him? You 288 00:22:14,870 --> 00:22:18,970 are bad today, you know? I told you you have to 289 00:22:18,970 --> 00:22:21,830 read, and I gave you and the reader something 290 00:22:21,830 --> 00:22:26,350 about his life. So if you keep slacking off like 291 00:22:26,350 --> 00:22:31,210 this, I'll be worried about you if you slack off. 292 00:22:31,850 --> 00:22:36,390 I told you sometimes it is very important to read 293 00:22:36,390 --> 00:22:37,770 about the life of the poet. 294 00:22:42,830 --> 00:22:48,180 Good, let me keep asking you about The lines you 295 00:22:48,180 --> 00:22:55,760 like in the poem. Which line do you like? Which 296 00:22:55,760 --> 00:22:58,600 line do you like? The couplet? 297 00:23:01,880 --> 00:23:03,520 Okay, other than the couplet. 298 00:23:13,020 --> 00:23:15,280 Other than the couplet, do you like anything else? 299 00:23:24,290 --> 00:23:30,030 Yes. The title. Why do you like it? 300 00:23:36,090 --> 00:23:36,890 How? 301 00:23:40,790 --> 00:23:46,050 Yeah, very good. Like could 302 00:23:46,050 --> 00:23:47,330 you elaborate that for me? 303 00:24:15,340 --> 00:24:16,740 Okay. 304 00:24:19,790 --> 00:24:22,310 Yes, there is contradiction. I wanted to show you 305 00:24:22,310 --> 00:24:26,290 like the trial of the, you know, it seems like you 306 00:24:26,290 --> 00:24:30,250 are not having a sound, so we have the, you have a 307 00:24:30,250 --> 00:24:33,250 sound system, you are trying it. This is the trial 308 00:24:33,250 --> 00:24:38,630 of him. He was trying on pigeon. Okay, 309 00:24:42,250 --> 00:24:48,190 I'm sorry. We need the sound system. Like, yes, 310 00:24:48,370 --> 00:24:56,050 our poet was convicted. He was executed by King 311 00:24:56,050 --> 00:25:01,610 Henry Howard for the accusation of cheating. Like, 312 00:25:02,710 --> 00:25:11,710 as we said when we discussed wire, like, you know, 313 00:25:11,790 --> 00:25:15,690 the core of human age was born of envy. 314 00:25:17,420 --> 00:25:24,480 Conspiracies. And he was accused of conspiring 315 00:25:24,480 --> 00:25:28,160 against the king. And the king had no mercy on 316 00:25:28,160 --> 00:25:35,340 him. He was executed. He was beheaded. And he was 317 00:25:35,340 --> 00:25:39,260 executed. And after nine days, the king himself 318 00:25:39,260 --> 00:25:43,880 died. So I don't know whether or not God cares. By 319 00:25:43,880 --> 00:25:48,600 the will of God, he cares. Henry Meyer also was 320 00:25:48,600 --> 00:25:52,460 accused of treason, 321 00:25:52,780 --> 00:25:57,140 but he was not killed. So why did they kill this 322 00:25:57,140 --> 00:26:02,360 man? Why did they kill him? Why did the king have 323 00:26:02,360 --> 00:26:11,340 mercy on him? I think. Why? Yes, he was, so he was 324 00:26:11,340 --> 00:26:16,880 likely to become a king. Why? So he was a threat. 325 00:26:18,300 --> 00:26:22,760 He was a threat to the king, so the king wanted to 326 00:26:22,760 --> 00:26:27,520 monopolize power, and as we said, the culture of 327 00:26:27,520 --> 00:26:30,840 the time was to believe that everybody should 328 00:26:30,840 --> 00:26:34,640 respect a position, and the king was appointed by 329 00:26:34,640 --> 00:26:38,980 God. This is quite unfortunate about him. I wish 330 00:26:38,980 --> 00:26:43,190 we had, you can watch this video It is like the 331 00:26:43,190 --> 00:26:48,250 trial of Henry Auer, and you see he is now 332 00:26:48,250 --> 00:26:54,910 defending himself in front of the jurors, but 333 00:26:54,910 --> 00:27:00,810 since we don't have the, unfortunate that this man 334 00:27:00,810 --> 00:27:04,970 is losing his life. Had he lived, he would have 335 00:27:04,970 --> 00:27:11,610 been one of the most prolific poets of the 16th 336 00:27:11,610 --> 00:27:15,670 century, and he could have surpassed many of the 337 00:27:15,670 --> 00:27:19,990 great poets of the time. Now I think it is time to 338 00:27:19,990 --> 00:27:23,470 shift to the poem and to read it aloud. 339 00:27:37,120 --> 00:27:44,320 The soot season that bud forth and brings With 340 00:27:44,320 --> 00:27:49,740 green hath clad the hill and eke the vale The 341 00:27:49,740 --> 00:27:54,640 nightingale with feathers anew she sings The 342 00:27:54,640 --> 00:27:59,440 turtle to her make hath told her tale Summer is 343 00:27:59,440 --> 00:28:04,200 come for every spray now springs The heart hath 344 00:28:04,200 --> 00:28:09,060 hung his old head on the pale The buck in break 345 00:28:09,060 --> 00:28:13,980 his winter coat he flings The fishes fleet with a 346 00:28:13,980 --> 00:28:18,500 new repaired scale The other all her slough away 347 00:28:18,500 --> 00:28:22,800 she slings The swift swallow pursues the fly's 348 00:28:22,800 --> 00:28:27,140 snail The busy bee her honey now she mings Winter 349 00:28:27,140 --> 00:28:31,860 is warm, that was the flower's bail And thus, and 350 00:28:31,860 --> 00:28:35,780 thus I see among these pleasant things Each care 351 00:28:35,780 --> 00:28:42,250 decays And yet, my sorrow springs. Very beautiful, 352 00:28:42,390 --> 00:28:47,470 but sad. Okay. I don't know, you mentioned like in 353 00:28:47,470 --> 00:28:51,690 your response that he is, we like him because he's 354 00:28:51,690 --> 00:28:58,810 atomistic. He is less, let's say, less denigrating 355 00:28:58,810 --> 00:29:04,970 than, less offensive, mainly to women, than Sir 356 00:29:04,970 --> 00:29:11,050 Thomas Wyatt. And okay, do you have an example of 357 00:29:11,050 --> 00:29:14,050 ephemism? Because I'm interested in this word. Do 358 00:29:14,050 --> 00:29:19,870 you have an example of ephemism here? So why did 359 00:29:19,870 --> 00:29:25,050 you say he's ephemistic? Because not directly, his 360 00:29:25,050 --> 00:29:32,050 words like Thomas, when he said about his lover, 361 00:29:33,010 --> 00:29:38,640 about her touch, not even tangible. Uh-huh. So he 362 00:29:38,640 --> 00:29:42,560 was not like humiliating, 363 00:29:42,680 --> 00:29:46,200 he was not denigrating the woman by describing her 364 00:29:46,200 --> 00:29:48,900 how she was. We don't have this description of a 365 00:29:48,900 --> 00:29:53,600 woman as we had in, yeah. But I'll give you one, 366 00:29:54,280 --> 00:30:00,780 yes? He didn't talk about this at all. Not all 367 00:30:00,780 --> 00:30:05,160 about the poem, in the poem. But he just thinked 368 00:30:05,160 --> 00:30:09,880 about the title, the title itself. Yes, he hinted 369 00:30:09,880 --> 00:30:13,620 about the suffering in the title. But again, if I 370 00:30:13,620 --> 00:30:19,640 want to draw your attention to a very explicit in 371 00:30:19,640 --> 00:30:23,220 the poem example of ephemism. Like if you look 372 00:30:23,220 --> 00:30:29,860 here, the turtle to her make hath told her tale. 373 00:30:31,960 --> 00:30:35,980 Now this is very, this is an example of ephemism. 374 00:30:36,300 --> 00:30:41,750 We're talking about a turtle and Her mate. A 375 00:30:41,750 --> 00:30:48,610 turtle and a mate. Now, of course, we're talking 376 00:30:48,610 --> 00:30:53,910 about spring. And spring is the season of rebirth. 377 00:30:54,630 --> 00:30:59,230 It is the season of reproduction, regeneration, 378 00:31:00,070 --> 00:31:07,130 multiplication. And without, you know, like this, 379 00:31:08,040 --> 00:31:12,300 You know, I mean, this relationship among these, 380 00:31:12,500 --> 00:31:17,440 you know, let's see, creatures, you know, there is 381 00:31:17,440 --> 00:31:21,580 no rebirth. So it is very important, like, when we 382 00:31:21,580 --> 00:31:27,450 think of the turtle telling her mate a story. What 383 00:31:27,450 --> 00:31:30,430 kind of story? Like he talks about the story. But 384 00:31:30,430 --> 00:31:35,090 here we are talking about intercourse. Intercourse 385 00:31:35,090 --> 00:31:39,530 among like this. Because this is a month of 386 00:31:39,530 --> 00:31:43,330 regeneration. But look how he spoke about this. 387 00:31:43,670 --> 00:31:47,250 you know, intercourse in a very, you know, 388 00:31:48,650 --> 00:31:50,650 euphemistic way. He didn't say, like, they are 389 00:31:50,650 --> 00:31:54,050 making love, you know, in a way, but he say, she 390 00:31:54,050 --> 00:31:56,590 is, and this is like, we understand, this is like 391 00:31:56,590 --> 00:31:59,930 a love story, you know, which involves, like, you 392 00:31:59,930 --> 00:32:02,950 know, this intercourse. It's an example of 393 00:32:02,950 --> 00:32:06,190 euphemism. But let me go to the poem. Some of you 394 00:32:06,190 --> 00:32:10,670 said that this poem is amazing. Who said that? 395 00:32:13,100 --> 00:32:14,340 Yeah, you said it is amazing. 396 00:32:17,200 --> 00:32:23,580 So you 397 00:32:23,580 --> 00:32:28,400 want to say like this poem has very beautiful and 398 00:32:28,400 --> 00:32:33,560 lively description. Why? Because of the images. We 399 00:32:33,560 --> 00:32:36,100 were talking about the images. We're talking about 400 00:32:36,100 --> 00:32:40,380 words that represent an image. We're talking about 401 00:32:41,230 --> 00:32:45,350 you know, imagery, like visual images, sound 402 00:32:45,350 --> 00:32:52,230 images, you know, kinetic images, thermal images. 403 00:32:53,210 --> 00:32:56,750 Okay? There is something I want you to read, you 404 00:32:56,750 --> 00:32:58,990 know, in the reader. There is something about 405 00:32:58,990 --> 00:33:01,310 imagery, the types of imagery, and I think you 406 00:33:01,310 --> 00:33:05,050 should read because, you know, we might discuss 407 00:33:05,050 --> 00:33:07,710 this further in the next class. 408 00:33:11,650 --> 00:33:17,170 Some of you said like, I was, I liked the poem 409 00:33:17,170 --> 00:33:23,210 because he was shifting from the external to the 410 00:33:23,210 --> 00:33:31,290 internal. He was like, he gave, you know, like the 411 00:33:31,290 --> 00:33:35,070 beautiful description of spring, and suddenly, you 412 00:33:35,070 --> 00:33:36,890 know, he shifted to himself. 413 00:33:40,910 --> 00:33:46,930 If we look at the last couplet, we have a figure 414 00:33:46,930 --> 00:33:50,570 of speech. And thus I see among these pleasant 415 00:33:50,570 --> 00:33:56,050 things each care decays and yet my sorrow springs. 416 00:33:56,470 --> 00:34:00,710 Like we have paradox. What is the paradox? 417 00:34:14,970 --> 00:34:20,550 Yeah, but again, you should be like, what is the 418 00:34:20,550 --> 00:34:24,510 paradox exactly? Yes, like the paradox. Can you 419 00:34:24,510 --> 00:34:27,130 tell me this is the paradox exactly? 420 00:34:29,300 --> 00:34:30,160 Yes, Leila? 421 00:34:32,960 --> 00:34:42,860 It is, 422 00:34:43,040 --> 00:34:45,420 you know, the paradox, that's right. It's the 423 00:34:45,420 --> 00:34:48,600 paradox, you know, the paradox is like in the 424 00:34:48,600 --> 00:34:52,360 sorrow springing. Like we have seen like spring 425 00:34:52,360 --> 00:34:57,560 has this You know, positive connotation, like all 426 00:34:57,560 --> 00:35:01,420 those creatures... ...were influenced by the 427 00:35:01,420 --> 00:35:04,400 spring and everything was springing. The trees 428 00:35:04,400 --> 00:35:09,100 were sprouting, blooming. You know, every creature 429 00:35:09,100 --> 00:35:12,920 was involved in this rebirth. But here, what is 430 00:35:12,920 --> 00:35:15,460 springing, what is sprouting, it is the sorrow. 431 00:35:16,200 --> 00:35:23,040 Which is a paradox. There is an irony. I think 432 00:35:23,040 --> 00:35:26,980 there is an irony. What is the irony? What is the 433 00:35:26,980 --> 00:35:34,060 irony? Look here. Yes, Layla, you're doing a good 434 00:35:34,060 --> 00:35:38,660 job today. The irony is that all the nature was 435 00:35:38,660 --> 00:35:41,900 very beautiful because of the changing in the 436 00:35:41,900 --> 00:35:46,020 atmosphere of the nature. But he himself is not 437 00:35:46,020 --> 00:35:50,280 happy. Excellent. Yes. Excellent. Yes. So there is 438 00:35:50,280 --> 00:35:54,020 disparity. Disparity, you know, it's been 439 00:35:54,020 --> 00:35:57,780 disparity, like difference between the outside and 440 00:35:57,780 --> 00:36:01,670 the inside, you know? So let me give you like 441 00:36:01,670 --> 00:36:05,190 perhaps you're not familiar a lot with the irony. 442 00:36:05,790 --> 00:36:09,190 Irony, we have many types of irony. We have verbal 443 00:36:09,190 --> 00:36:13,050 irony. We have dramatic irony. We have situational 444 00:36:13,050 --> 00:36:16,090 irony. And this is an example of a situational 445 00:36:16,090 --> 00:36:21,610 irony. Why? Because here you see the change is 446 00:36:21,610 --> 00:36:27,690 dominant. It dominates all the vista, but he's not 447 00:36:27,690 --> 00:36:31,530 included. You see what I mean? Martin Luther King, 448 00:36:32,390 --> 00:36:37,130 in his famous speech, I Have a Dream, said, you 449 00:36:37,130 --> 00:36:40,470 know, and here, you know, we are living in an 450 00:36:40,470 --> 00:36:45,350 island of poverty, you know, amidst an ocean of 451 00:36:45,350 --> 00:36:50,780 materialistic prosperity. So how come? You are 452 00:36:50,780 --> 00:36:54,100 impoverished, you are poor, in a world which was 453 00:36:54,100 --> 00:36:58,780 full of opulence and richness. So here there is 454 00:36:58,780 --> 00:37:02,780 disparity. So the disparity here, like the change 455 00:37:02,780 --> 00:37:09,680 in nature, was dominant. It dominated the whole 456 00:37:09,680 --> 00:37:12,980 vista, the whole creatures. But when it comes to 457 00:37:12,980 --> 00:37:17,820 the poet, this reminds me of the rhyme of Ancient 458 00:37:17,820 --> 00:37:23,460 Mariner. when the mariner was like aspiring for 459 00:37:23,460 --> 00:37:26,000 something to drink, but he was in the ocean and he 460 00:37:26,000 --> 00:37:30,660 said, water, water, everywhere. The board did 461 00:37:30,660 --> 00:37:34,080 shrink, but there is no drop to drink. Don't you 462 00:37:34,080 --> 00:37:37,500 think this is an irony? Yes. And here the irony is 463 00:37:37,500 --> 00:37:42,080 like, look here, we started to talk about ironies, 464 00:37:42,200 --> 00:37:46,120 images, you know, and we have not yet read the 465 00:37:46,120 --> 00:37:51,550 poem or even paraphrased it. But you know, when it 466 00:37:51,550 --> 00:37:54,470 comes to me, I like this line, the swift swallow 467 00:37:54,470 --> 00:38:00,070 pursues the fly's mane. I like this. Why should 468 00:38:00,070 --> 00:38:05,350 you like a line like this? Huh? Why should you 469 00:38:05,350 --> 00:38:09,310 like, the swift swallow pursues the fly's mane? 470 00:38:11,270 --> 00:38:19,330 Okay. Yes? The S sound, yes. The alliteration. 471 00:38:24,220 --> 00:38:28,460 And it gives like this sound, the swift swallow. 472 00:38:29,360 --> 00:38:33,580 You know, the swift swallow. It is like the sound 473 00:38:33,580 --> 00:38:37,460 image. The sound image is made this, the swift 474 00:38:37,460 --> 00:38:43,470 swallow. pursues the fly's mate. It's an image. 475 00:38:43,850 --> 00:38:48,370 It's an image of hyperactivity, like the swift 476 00:38:48,370 --> 00:38:52,230 swallow is relentless, is always following, you 477 00:38:52,230 --> 00:38:56,910 know, the flower, like, going there, the flies on 478 00:38:56,910 --> 00:39:00,850 the flower. And I like the buzzy bee as well. The 479 00:39:00,850 --> 00:39:06,640 buzzy bee. Buzzy bee. We have a sound image here, 480 00:39:06,820 --> 00:39:11,320 but we have a figure of speech also. Excellent. We 481 00:39:11,320 --> 00:39:13,480 have onomatopoeia. 482 00:39:15,200 --> 00:39:18,480 Onomatopoeia, it is like, are you familiar with 483 00:39:18,480 --> 00:39:25,140 this term? Onomatopoeia. So I think, you know, 484 00:39:25,200 --> 00:39:29,980 here we have a poet who has musical ear more than, 485 00:39:30,160 --> 00:39:33,440 you know, our like poet. 486 00:39:44,210 --> 00:39:46,290 Okay, I can write it. 487 00:39:54,230 --> 00:39:59,550 Onomatopoeia. Onomatopoeia, it means the sound 488 00:39:59,550 --> 00:40:06,130 suggests the meaning. And the Meze B, okay, I just 489 00:40:06,130 --> 00:40:06,870 write it here. 490 00:40:09,590 --> 00:40:10,290 Okay. 491 00:40:17,290 --> 00:40:22,450 We mentioned like, perhaps like poetry, like uses 492 00:40:22,450 --> 00:40:26,070 onomatopoeia. And I think we once talked about 493 00:40:26,070 --> 00:40:29,750 onomatopoeia. 494 00:40:33,140 --> 00:40:37,880 Onomatopoeia, like onomatopoeic words like tick, 495 00:40:38,560 --> 00:40:46,500 tick, like splash, you know, like kick, like hiss, 496 00:40:47,340 --> 00:40:51,840 like whisper, you know, these are onomatopoeic 497 00:40:51,840 --> 00:40:52,460 words. 498 00:40:55,080 --> 00:41:00,960 Okay, let's look at the poem again. Were you 499 00:41:00,960 --> 00:41:05,060 disturbed a little bit by, because some people 500 00:41:05,060 --> 00:41:09,280 were disturbed by the soot. This is like Chaucer, 501 00:41:09,360 --> 00:41:12,180 huh? Have you ever read something from Chaucer? 502 00:41:14,000 --> 00:41:19,380 The soot season, it means the sweet season. Now, 503 00:41:19,720 --> 00:41:25,760 the soot and the word eek, like what's been eek? 504 00:41:26,720 --> 00:41:33,050 Also, you know? So these words are archaic words, 505 00:41:34,490 --> 00:41:38,090 archaic words. And when we say archaic words, 506 00:41:40,190 --> 00:41:47,610 words which are old words, archaic, 507 00:41:56,300 --> 00:42:00,760 So poets sometimes embellish. You know what's mean 508 00:42:00,760 --> 00:42:05,920 embellish? Embellish, beautify. Embellishment, 509 00:42:06,320 --> 00:42:15,080 like to beautify, embellish their 510 00:42:15,080 --> 00:42:21,380 poetry by using archaic words. And archaism gives 511 00:42:21,380 --> 00:42:29,560 a sense of oldness, a rustic nature to the poem. 512 00:42:30,640 --> 00:42:35,380 It's like it makes it very poetic. And I think 513 00:42:35,380 --> 00:42:39,560 later this use of archaism will be developed more 514 00:42:39,560 --> 00:42:43,800 and more by the famous Elizabethan poet, I mean 515 00:42:43,800 --> 00:42:48,840 Edmund Spencer. I know we don't have time, but 516 00:42:48,840 --> 00:42:55,870 I'll do my best to paraphrase with you the poem in 517 00:42:55,870 --> 00:42:59,630 order to reconsider, like the poem next time, in a 518 00:42:59,630 --> 00:43:03,310 very critical manner. 519 00:43:04,990 --> 00:43:08,870 Let's read the poem. The soot season that bud and 520 00:43:08,870 --> 00:43:14,990 bloom forth springs with green hath clad the hill 521 00:43:14,990 --> 00:43:22,270 and eke the vale. It is, see here, The season of 522 00:43:22,270 --> 00:43:26,510 spring is dominating the whole vista. It's 523 00:43:26,510 --> 00:43:29,890 dominating the whole vista. And this shows how 524 00:43:29,890 --> 00:43:36,530 entire the change is. How entire. It is very 525 00:43:36,530 --> 00:43:41,430 panoramic. Very panoramic. We're talking about a 526 00:43:41,430 --> 00:43:45,670 change in nature. So it included every creature 527 00:43:45,670 --> 00:43:48,130 and every aspect of nature. With the greenhouse 528 00:43:48,130 --> 00:43:52,440 cloud, the hill and the lake, the vale. Okay, now 529 00:43:52,440 --> 00:43:54,140 we'll talk about personification, figures of 530 00:43:54,140 --> 00:43:57,540 speech, imagery next time, but this is like to 531 00:43:57,540 --> 00:44:00,900 preface the poem. The nightingale with feather now 532 00:44:00,900 --> 00:44:04,640 she sings. The nightingale with feather now she 533 00:44:04,640 --> 00:44:11,860 sings. Okay? The turtle to her make hath told her 534 00:44:11,860 --> 00:44:17,030 tale. Summer is coming. For every spring now 535 00:44:17,030 --> 00:44:21,270 springs. Again spring and spring. It is full of 536 00:44:21,270 --> 00:44:26,350 sound, you know. The heart has hung his old head 537 00:44:26,350 --> 00:44:32,770 on the... What is the heart? The male deer. The 538 00:44:32,770 --> 00:44:36,450 buck. It breaks. What is the buck? Also a deer, 539 00:44:36,750 --> 00:44:41,610 but it's a male. Look here. Some of the creatures 540 00:44:41,610 --> 00:44:46,810 are male, and we know that males are not always 541 00:44:46,810 --> 00:44:52,810 associated with rebirth. But here, why do you 542 00:44:52,810 --> 00:44:54,930 think that mentioning the male is significant? 543 00:44:56,630 --> 00:45:02,210 This shows How powerful the thrust of life is. You 544 00:45:02,210 --> 00:45:04,690 know what it means? The thrust of life. The power 545 00:45:04,690 --> 00:45:08,010 of life. It is very powerful. The motive of life 546 00:45:08,010 --> 00:45:12,630 is powerful. It is so powerful that it included 547 00:45:12,630 --> 00:45:16,250 even the male creatures... ...who are not 548 00:45:16,250 --> 00:45:19,610 associated with rebirth. Because rebirth is all 549 00:45:19,610 --> 00:45:22,850 the time associated with the feminine. With female 550 00:45:22,850 --> 00:45:30,280 rather than male. Okay, the fishes float with new 551 00:45:30,280 --> 00:45:33,880 repaired scale. What a wonderful image is this. 552 00:45:35,120 --> 00:45:39,200 The other, all her slough away she slinks. The 553 00:45:39,200 --> 00:45:44,360 other, the snake, the swift swallow pursues the 554 00:45:44,360 --> 00:45:49,720 fly's male. Swallow is moving from one branch of 555 00:45:49,720 --> 00:45:54,420 tree to another to follow, you know, the fly. The 556 00:45:54,420 --> 00:45:59,520 busy bee here, honey now, she minks. Minks, mixes. 557 00:46:00,180 --> 00:46:04,160 It is mingles, you know. Winter is one that was 558 00:46:04,160 --> 00:46:08,980 flowers big. So here, the whole stanza is 559 00:46:08,980 --> 00:46:14,220 recapitulated by this line. Winter is behind. 560 00:46:14,640 --> 00:46:21,320 Winter is behind now. And thus, I see among these 561 00:46:21,320 --> 00:46:26,190 pleasant things Each care decays, and yet my 562 00:46:26,190 --> 00:46:31,250 sorrow springs. Very sad. So look here, it's a 563 00:46:31,250 --> 00:46:37,170 shift. It is like, as if you see here, like we 564 00:46:37,170 --> 00:46:40,990 have parallelism. Each line, there is, you know, 565 00:46:41,530 --> 00:46:45,870 something changing from death to life. But 566 00:46:45,870 --> 00:46:51,530 suddenly, you know, something is immune to change. 567 00:46:52,300 --> 00:46:57,180 is not susceptible to change, which is like the 568 00:46:57,180 --> 00:47:01,980 misery and the agony. Okay, so you see we have a 569 00:47:01,980 --> 00:47:05,820 novel man who's talking about his suffering in a 570 00:47:05,820 --> 00:47:11,360 very polite and gentle manner. So I think we have 571 00:47:11,360 --> 00:47:14,960 a a better idea about the poem. Next time, we're 572 00:47:14,960 --> 00:47:20,200 going to concentrate on this poem more, to explore 573 00:47:20,200 --> 00:47:23,160 it further, to see the figures of speech, to see 574 00:47:23,160 --> 00:47:28,860 the rhyme, the rhythm, the sonic, and so on. Side 575 00:47:28,860 --> 00:47:33,740 by side, I want you also to prepare the second 576 00:47:33,740 --> 00:47:38,660 part of the critical plan, okay? So do you have 577 00:47:38,660 --> 00:47:40,880 any question? Thank you.