A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Ethan, and Luke. In a statement by Ethan: "Luke is a knave if and only if Luke is a knight". Luke noted, "If Ethan is a knight then Luke is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Let's think step by step, by considering whether each person is lying and if that leads to contradiction.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Luke is a knave if and only if Luke is a knight. Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave if and only if Luke is a knight. Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ethan is a knight then Luke is a knight.

(1) Ethan is a knave
(2) Luke is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Chloe, and Aria. Chloe noted, "Chloe is a knight if and only if Aria is a knight". Aria remarked, "Chloe is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight if and only if Aria is a knight. Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Chloe is not a knight. Aria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Chloe is a knight if and only if Aria is a knight. We have exhausted all possibilities for Aria, so let us go back and reconsider Chloe. Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knight if and only if Aria is a knight. Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is not a knight.

(('<=>', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)))

(1) Chloe is a knave
(2) Aria is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Benjamin, and Elizabeth. "Elizabeth is a knave and Benjamin is a knight" - Benjamin. In a statement by Elizabeth: "If Elizabeth is a knight then Benjamin is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Benjamin is a knave, and Elizabeth is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knave and Benjamin is a knight. Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Benjamin that Elizabeth is a knave and Benjamin is a knight. Elizabeth cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Elizabeth is a knight then Benjamin is a knave. We have exhausted all possibilities for Elizabeth, so let us go back and reconsider Benjamin. Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knave and Benjamin is a knight. Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Elizabeth is a knight then Benjamin is a knave.

(1) Benjamin is a knave
(2) Elizabeth is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Olivia, and Riley. In a statement by Olivia: "Olivia is a knight or Riley is a knave". Riley noted, "Olivia is a knave and Olivia is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Olivia is a knight, and Riley is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knight or Riley is a knave. Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Olivia is a knave and Olivia is a knight. Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave and Olivia is a knight.

(1) Olivia is a knight
(2) Riley is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Liam, and Elizabeth. Liam expressed that Elizabeth is a knight if and only if Liam is a knight. Elizabeth expressed that Elizabeth is a knight and Liam is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Liam is a knave, and Elizabeth is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knight if and only if Liam is a knight. Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Elizabeth is a knight and Liam is a knave. Elizabeth cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Elizabeth is a knight if and only if Liam is a knight. We have exhausted all possibilities for Elizabeth, so let us go back and reconsider Liam. Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knight if and only if Liam is a knight. Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knight and Liam is a knave.

(1) Liam is a knave
(2) Elizabeth is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Aria, and Abigail. "Abigail is a knight or Abigail is a knave," Aria declared. Abigail was heard saying, "If Aria is a knight then Aria is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aria is a knight, and Abigail is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knight or Abigail is a knave. Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Aria is a knight then Aria is a knave. Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Aria is a knight then Aria is a knave.

(1) Aria is a knight
(2) Abigail is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Emily, and Lucas. Emily remarked, "Emily is a knight and Lucas is a knight". In a statement by Lucas: "Emily is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emily is a knave, and Lucas is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knight and Lucas is a knight. Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emily is a knave. Lucas cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Emily is a knight and Lucas is a knight. We have exhausted all possibilities for Lucas, so let us go back and reconsider Emily. Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knight and Lucas is a knight. Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knave.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('lying', 0))

(1) Emily is a knave
(2) Lucas is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Oliver, and David. Oliver said that David is a knight and David is a knave. As David put it, "Oliver is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Oliver is a knave, and David is a knave.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that David is a knight and David is a knave. Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knight and David is a knave. David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Oliver is not a knave. Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is not a knave.

(1) Oliver is a knave
(2) David is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Chloe, and Olivia. In a statement by Chloe: "Chloe is a knight or Olivia is a knight". Olivia asserted: "Chloe is a knight or Chloe is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Chloe is a knight, and Olivia is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight or Olivia is a knight. Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight or Chloe is a knave.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 0)))

(1) Chloe is a knight
(2) Olivia is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Samuel, and Owen. In Samuel's words: "Owen is a knave if and only if Owen is a knight". Owen noted, "Samuel is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Samuel is a knave, and Owen is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is a knave if and only if Owen is a knight. Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knave if and only if Owen is a knight. Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is not a knight.

(1) Samuel is a knave
(2) Owen is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Chloe, and Daniel. Chloe remarked, "Daniel is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knave". Daniel told you that Daniel is a knight or Chloe is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Chloe is a knave, and Daniel is a knight.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knave. Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knave. Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight or Chloe is a knave.

(1) Chloe is a knave
(2) Daniel is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Charlotte, and Mason. According to Charlotte, "Mason is a knight and Charlotte is a knight". "Charlotte is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knight" - Mason. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Charlotte is a knave, and Mason is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knight and Charlotte is a knight. Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Charlotte is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knight. Mason cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Charlotte that Mason is a knight and Charlotte is a knight. We have exhausted all possibilities for Mason, so let us go back and reconsider Charlotte. Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is a knight and Charlotte is a knight. Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Charlotte is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knight. Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knight.

(1) Charlotte is a knave
(2) Mason is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Sofia, and Benjamin. According to Sofia, "Benjamin is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knave". "Sofia is a knight and Benjamin is a knight," Benjamin claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sofia is a knave, and Benjamin is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Benjamin is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knave. Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knave. Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sofia is a knight and Benjamin is a knight. Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knight and Benjamin is a knight.

(1) Sofia is a knave
(2) Benjamin is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Grace, and Emma. "Emma is a knight and Grace is a knight," Grace claimed. Emma expressed that Grace is a knight if and only if Grace is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight and Grace is a knight. Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Grace is a knight if and only if Grace is a knave. Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that Emma is a knight and Grace is a knight. We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma, so let us go back and reconsider Grace. Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knight and Grace is a knight. Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Grace is a knight if and only if Grace is a knave. Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knight if and only if Grace is a knave.

(1) Grace is a knave
(2) Emma is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Lily, and William. Lily stated, "William is a knave or William is a knight". William said, "William is a knight and Lily is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily is a knight, and William is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knave or William is a knight. William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that William is a knight and Lily is a knave. Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knight and Lily is a knave.

(1) Lily is a knight
(2) William is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Jack, and Owen. Jack stated, "If Jack is a knight then Owen is a knave". Owen remarked, "Jack is a knave and Owen is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knight then Owen is a knave. Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jack that If Jack is a knight then Owen is a knave. Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knave and Owen is a knight.

(1) Jack is a knight
(2) Owen is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Oliver, and Aria. Oliver said that If Aria is a knight then Aria is a knave. Aria asserted: "Oliver is a knight and Oliver is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Oliver is a knight, and Aria is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aria is a knight then Aria is a knave. Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Oliver that If Aria is a knight then Aria is a knave. Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knight and Oliver is a knave.

(1) Oliver is a knight
(2) Aria is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Oliver, and Sofia. Oliver stated, "Sofia is a knight and Sofia is a knave". Sofia noted, "Oliver is a knave or Oliver is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Oliver is a knave, and Sofia is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sofia is a knight and Sofia is a knave. Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knight and Sofia is a knave. Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knave or Oliver is a knight.

(1) Oliver is a knave
(2) Sofia is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Ethan, and Matthew. Ethan commented, "Matthew is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knave". "If Matthew is a knight then Ethan is a knave," Matthew declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ethan is a knave, and Matthew is a knight.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Matthew is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knave. Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knave. Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knight then Ethan is a knave.

(1) Ethan is a knave
(2) Matthew is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Ella, and Ethan. "Ethan is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knight," Ella mentioned. According to Ethan, "Ella is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ethan is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knight. Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knight. Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ella is a knight. Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knight.

(1) Ella is a knave
(2) Ethan is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Oliver, and Aiden. "Aiden is a knave if and only if Aiden is a knight" - Oliver. Aiden noted, "Aiden is a knight and Oliver is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Oliver is a knave, and Aiden is a knave.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aiden is a knave if and only if Aiden is a knight. Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knave if and only if Aiden is a knight. Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aiden is a knight and Oliver is a knight. Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knight and Oliver is a knight.

(1) Oliver is a knave
(2) Aiden is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Zoey, and Scarlett. Zoey was heard saying, "Scarlett is a knave and Scarlett is a knight". Scarlett remarked, "Scarlett is a knight or Zoey is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Zoey is a knave, and Scarlett is a knight.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Scarlett is a knave and Scarlett is a knight. Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knave and Scarlett is a knight. Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight or Zoey is a knave.

(1) Zoey is a knave
(2) Scarlett is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Aiden, and James. "If James is a knight then James is a knave," Aiden mentioned. James remarked, "James is a knight and Aiden is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden is a knight, and James is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If James is a knight then James is a knave. James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aiden that If James is a knight then James is a knave. Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knight and Aiden is a knight.

(('->', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 1)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)))

(1) Aiden is a knight
(2) James is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Oliver, and Abigail. In a statement by Oliver: "Abigail is a knave and Abigail is a knight". "Oliver is a knave if and only if Oliver is a knight," Abigail mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Oliver is a knave, and Abigail is a knave.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Abigail is a knave and Abigail is a knight. Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knave and Abigail is a knight. Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Oliver is a knave if and only if Oliver is a knight. Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knave if and only if Oliver is a knight.

(1) Oliver is a knave
(2) Abigail is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Amelia, and Emily. Amelia told you that Amelia is a knight if and only if Emily is a knight. Emily commented, "If Emily is a knight then Amelia is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Amelia is a knave, and Emily is a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knight if and only if Emily is a knight. Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Emily is a knight then Amelia is a knave. Emily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Amelia that Amelia is a knight if and only if Emily is a knight. We have exhausted all possibilities for Emily, so let us go back and reconsider Amelia. Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knight if and only if Emily is a knight. Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emily is a knight then Amelia is a knave.

(1) Amelia is a knave
(2) Emily is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Aiden, and Lucas. "Lucas is a knave and Lucas is a knight," Aiden claimed. Lucas told you that If Aiden is a knight then Aiden is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden is a knave, and Lucas is a knight.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lucas is a knave and Lucas is a knight. Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knave and Lucas is a knight. Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aiden is a knight then Aiden is a knave.

(1) Aiden is a knave
(2) Lucas is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Matthew, and Alexander. Matthew was heard saying, "Matthew is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave". Alexander told you that Matthew is a knave or Alexander is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Matthew is a knight, and Alexander is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave. Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that Matthew is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave. Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knave or Alexander is a knight.

(1) Matthew is a knight
(2) Alexander is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: James, and Elizabeth. James stated, "Elizabeth is a knave". "James is a knight or James is a knave" - Elizabeth. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James is a knave, and Elizabeth is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knave. Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of James that Elizabeth is a knave. Elizabeth cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that James is a knight or James is a knave. We have exhausted all possibilities for Elizabeth, so let us go back and reconsider James. Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knave. Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knight or James is a knave.

(1) James is a knave
(2) Elizabeth is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Ava, and Noah. "Noah is a knight" - Ava. "Ava is a knave if and only if Noah is a knight," Noah declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knight. Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ava is a knave if and only if Noah is a knight. Noah cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ava that Noah is a knight. We have exhausted all possibilities for Noah, so let us go back and reconsider Ava. Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knight. Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ava that Noah is a knight. Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knave if and only if Noah is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Joseph, and Evelyn. "If Evelyn is a knave then Evelyn is a knight," Joseph claimed. As Evelyn put it, "Joseph is a knight and Joseph is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Joseph is a knave, and Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Evelyn is a knave then Evelyn is a knight. Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Joseph is a knight and Joseph is a knave. Evelyn cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Joseph that If Evelyn is a knave then Evelyn is a knight. We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn, so let us go back and reconsider Joseph. Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Evelyn is a knave then Evelyn is a knight. Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Joseph that If Evelyn is a knave then Evelyn is a knight. Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight and Joseph is a knave.

(1) Joseph is a knave
(2) Evelyn is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Isabella, and Benjamin. Isabella said, "Benjamin is not a knight." Benjamin asserted: "If Isabella is a knave then Benjamin is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella is a knave, and Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is not a knight. Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Benjamin is not a knight. Benjamin cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Isabella is a knave then Benjamin is a knight. We have exhausted all possibilities for Benjamin, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella. Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is not a knight. Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Isabella is a knave then Benjamin is a knight.

(1) Isabella is a knave
(2) Benjamin is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Mia, and Daniel. "Mia is a knight and Daniel is a knight," Mia claimed. According to Daniel, "Daniel is a knight if and only if Mia is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia is a knight, and Daniel is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knight and Daniel is a knight. Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight if and only if Mia is a knight.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)))

(1) Mia is a knight
(2) Daniel is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Riley, and Elizabeth. Riley expressed that If Elizabeth is a knave then Riley is a knight. "Riley is a knave," Elizabeth mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley is a knight, and Elizabeth is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Elizabeth is a knave then Riley is a knight. Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Riley is a knave. Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knave.

(1) Riley is a knight
(2) Elizabeth is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Aiden, and Sophia. Aiden was heard saying, "Sophia is a knight if and only if Aiden is a knight". According to Sophia, "Aiden is a knight and Sophia is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden is a knight, and Sophia is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knight if and only if Aiden is a knight. Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knight and Sophia is a knight.

(('<=>', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)))

(1) Aiden is a knight
(2) Sophia is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Henry, and Charlotte. According to Henry, "Charlotte is a knave or Charlotte is a knight". Charlotte commented, "Henry is a knight and Henry is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Henry is a knight, and Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knave or Charlotte is a knight. Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Henry is a knight and Henry is a knave. Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knight and Henry is a knave.

(1) Henry is a knight
(2) Charlotte is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Scarlett, and Benjamin. Scarlett stated, "Scarlett is a knight and Benjamin is a knave". Benjamin commented, "Benjamin is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Scarlett is a knight, and Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight and Benjamin is a knave. Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Scarlett that Scarlett is a knight and Benjamin is a knave. Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight.

(1) Scarlett is a knight
(2) Benjamin is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Evelyn, and Victoria. Evelyn told you that Victoria is not a knight. "Evelyn is a knight and Victoria is a knight," Victoria mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Evelyn is a knight, and Victoria is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is not a knight. Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Victoria is not a knight. Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knight and Victoria is a knight.

(('not', ('telling-truth', 1)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)))

(1) Evelyn is a knight
(2) Victoria is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Daniel, and Alexander. Daniel said that Alexander is a knave or Alexander is a knight. Alexander noted, "If Daniel is a knave then Daniel is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Daniel is a knight, and Alexander is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knave or Alexander is a knight. Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Daniel is a knave then Daniel is a knight.

(1) Daniel is a knight
(2) Alexander is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Mia, and Harper. Mia asserted: "Harper is not a knight". Harper asserted: "If Harper is a knight then Mia is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is not a knight. Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that Harper is not a knight. Harper cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Harper is a knight then Mia is a knave. We have exhausted all possibilities for Harper, so let us go back and reconsider Mia. Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is not a knight. Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Harper is a knight then Mia is a knave.

(1) Mia is a knave
(2) Harper is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Riley, and Joseph. According to Riley, "Joseph is a knave and Joseph is a knight". As Joseph put it, "Riley is a knave and Riley is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley is a knave, and Joseph is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Joseph is a knave and Joseph is a knight. Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knave and Joseph is a knight. Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Riley is a knave and Riley is a knight. Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knave and Riley is a knight.

(1) Riley is a knave
(2) Joseph is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Henry, and Jacob. Henry said, "Jacob is a knave and Jacob is a knight." In Jacob's words: "Henry is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jacob is a knave and Jacob is a knight. Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knave and Jacob is a knight. Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Henry is a knight. Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knight.

(('and', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('telling-truth', 0))

(1) Henry is a knave
(2) Jacob is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Emma, and Alexander. Emma stated, "Alexander is a knight or Emma is a knight". Alexander asserted: "Alexander is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emma is a knave, and Alexander is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight or Emma is a knight. Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Alexander is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave. Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Alexander is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave. We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider Emma. Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is a knight or Emma is a knight. Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emma that Alexander is a knight or Emma is a knight. Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave.

(1) Emma is a knave
(2) Alexander is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Riley, and Oliver. Riley was heard saying, "Oliver is a knight if and only if Riley is a knight". "If Riley is a knight then Riley is a knave," Oliver declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley is a knave, and Oliver is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight if and only if Riley is a knight. Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Riley is a knight then Riley is a knave. Oliver cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Riley that Oliver is a knight if and only if Riley is a knight. We have exhausted all possibilities for Oliver, so let us go back and reconsider Riley. Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knight if and only if Riley is a knight. Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Riley is a knight then Riley is a knave.

(1) Riley is a knave
(2) Oliver is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Noah, and James. "Noah is a knight if and only if James is a knave" - Noah. "Noah is a knight or James is a knight," James claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knight if and only if James is a knave. James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Noah that Noah is a knight if and only if James is a knave. James cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Noah is a knight or James is a knight. We have exhausted all possibilities for James, so let us go back and reconsider Noah. Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knight if and only if James is a knave. James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Noah that Noah is a knight if and only if James is a knave. Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knight or James is a knight.

(1) Noah is a knave
(2) James is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Benjamin, and David. Benjamin commented, "David is a knight if and only if David is a knave". In a statement by David: "If Benjamin is a knight then David is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Benjamin is a knave, and David is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that David is a knight if and only if David is a knave. Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knight if and only if David is a knave. Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knight then David is a knight.

(1) Benjamin is a knave
(2) David is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Mason, and Amelia. According to Mason, "Amelia is a knave if and only if Mason is a knight". "Mason is a knave or Amelia is a knight," Amelia declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mason is a knight, and Amelia is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knave if and only if Mason is a knight. Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mason that Amelia is a knave if and only if Mason is a knight. Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is a knave or Amelia is a knight.

(1) Mason is a knight
(2) Amelia is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Mason, and Sofia. Mason noted, "Sofia is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knave". "Mason is a knave and Mason is a knight," Sofia mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sofia is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knave. Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knave. Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mason is a knave and Mason is a knight. Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is a knave and Mason is a knight.

(1) Mason is a knave
(2) Sofia is a knave


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Lucas, and Emily. Lucas said that Emily is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight. Emily was heard saying, "If Emily is a knight then Lucas is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lucas is a knave, and Emily is a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emily is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight. Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight. Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emily is a knight then Lucas is a knave.

(1) Lucas is a knave
(2) Emily is a knight


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: Mia, and Riley. "Riley is a knave if and only if Mia is a knight" - Mia. In a statement by Riley: "If Mia is a knave then Riley is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knave if and only if Mia is a knight. Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that Riley is a knave if and only if Mia is a knight. Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Mia is a knave then Riley is a knight. We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Mia. Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knave if and only if Mia is a knight. Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mia that Riley is a knave if and only if Mia is a knight. Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Mia is a knave then Riley is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 2 inhabitants: James, and Owen. James expressed that Owen is a knight and Owen is a knave. "James is a knave and James is a knight" - Owen. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is a knight and Owen is a knave. Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knight and Owen is a knave. Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that James is a knave and James is a knight. Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knave and James is a knight.

(1) James is a knave
(2) Owen is a knave