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README.md
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## Summary
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Databricks’ `dolly-v2-12b`, an instruction-following large language model trained on the Databricks machine learning platform
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that is licensed for commercial use. based on `pythia-12b`, Dolly is trained on ~15k instruction/response fine tuning records
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by Databricks employees in capability domains from the InstructGPT paper, including brainstorming, classification, closed QA, generation,
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information extraction, open QA and summarization.
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high quality instruction following behavior not characteristic of the foundation model on which it is based.
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We believe this finding is important because it demonstrates that the ability to create powerful artificial intelligence technologies is vastly more accessible than previously realized.
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Databricks
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**Owner**: Databricks, Inc.
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## Model Overview
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`dolly-v2-12b` is a 12 billion parameter causal language model created by [Databricks](https://databricks.com/) that is derived from
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[EleutherAI’s](https://www.eleuther.ai/) [Pythia-12b](https://huggingface.co/EleutherAI/pythia-12b) and fine-tuned
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on a ~15K record instruction corpus generated by Databricks employees and released under a permissive license (CC-BY-SA)
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[MATT.HAYES]
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The [original version](https://www.databricks.com/blog/2023/03/24/hello-dolly-democratizing-magic-chatgpt-open-models.html) of was Dolly was trained using [deepspeed](https://github.com/microsoft/DeepSpeed) [ZeRO 3](https://github.com/microsoft/DeepSpeed/blob/master/docs/code-docs/source/zero3.rst)
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on the [Databricks Machine Learning Platform](https://www.databricks.com/product/machine-learning) in just 30 minutes (1 epoch) using a single
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[NDasrA100_v4](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machines/nda100-v4-series) machine with 8x A100 40GB GPUs.
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The most recent `dolly-v2-12b` checkpoint was trained for 10 epochs on the same hardware.
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## Known Limitations
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**`dolly-v2-12b` is not a state-of-the-art generative language model** and, though quantitative benchmarking is ongoing, is not designed to perform
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competitively with more modern model architectures or models subject to larger pretraining corpuses.
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dates and times, open-ended question answering, hallucination, enumerating lists of specific length, stylistic mimicry, having a sense of humor, etc.
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Moreover, we find that `dolly-v2-12b` does not have some capabilities, such as well-formatted letter writing, present in the original model.
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Like all language models, `dolly-v2-12b` reflects the content and limitations of its training corpuses.
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- **The Pile**: GPT-J’s pre-training corpus contains content mostly collected from the public internet, and like most web-scale datasets,
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in the case it is explicitly asked to produce objectionable content, and sometimes subtly, as in the case of biased or harmful implicit
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associations.
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[LEGAL TO REVIEW]
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- **`databricks-dolly-15k`**: The training data on which `dolly-v2-12b` is instruction tuned represents natural language instructions generated
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by Databricks employees during a
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for instruction categories like closed QA and summarization. To our knowledge it does not contain obscenity, intellectual property or
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personally identifying information about non-public figures, but it may contain typos and factual errors.
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Databricks is committed to ongoing research and development efforts to develop helpful, honest and harmless AI technologies that
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maximize the potential of all individuals and organizations.
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## Intended Uses
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[LEGAL]
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[MIKE.CONOVER]
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## Usage
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[MATT.HAYES]
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### Benchmark Metrics
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Below you'll find various models benchmark performance on the [EleutherAI LLM Evaluation Harness](https://github.com/EleutherAI/lm-evaluation-harness)
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model results are sorted by geometric mean to produce an intelligible ordering. These results demonstrate that `dolly-v2-12b` is not state of the art,
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and in fact underperforms `dolly-
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but a robust statement as to the sources of these variations requires further study.
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```
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## Summary
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Databricks’ `dolly-v2-12b`, an instruction-following large language model trained on the Databricks machine learning platform
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that is licensed for commercial use. based on `pythia-12b`, Dolly is trained on ~15k instruction/response fine tuning records
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[`databricks-dolly-15k`](https://huggingface.co/datasets/databricks/databricks-dolly-15k) generated
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by Databricks employees in capability domains from the InstructGPT paper, including brainstorming, classification, closed QA, generation,
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information extraction, open QA and summarization. `dolly-v2-12b` is not a state-of-the-art model, but does exhibit surprisingly
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high quality instruction following behavior not characteristic of the foundation model on which it is based.
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**Owner**: Databricks, Inc.,
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## Model Overview
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`dolly-v2-12b` is a 12 billion parameter causal language model created by [Databricks](https://databricks.com/) that is derived from
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[EleutherAI’s](https://www.eleuther.ai/) [Pythia-12b](https://huggingface.co/EleutherAI/pythia-12b) and fine-tuned
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on a ~15K record instruction corpus generated by Databricks employees and released under a permissive license (CC-BY-SA)
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## Known Limitations
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Databricks is committed to ongoing research and development efforts to develop helpful, honest and low risk AI technologies that
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maximize the potential of all individuals and organizations.
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### Performance Limitations
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**`dolly-v2-12b` is not a state-of-the-art generative language model** and, though quantitative benchmarking is ongoing, is not designed to perform
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competitively with more modern model architectures or models subject to larger pretraining corpuses.
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dates and times, open-ended question answering, hallucination, enumerating lists of specific length, stylistic mimicry, having a sense of humor, etc.
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Moreover, we find that `dolly-v2-12b` does not have some capabilities, such as well-formatted letter writing, present in the original model.
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### Dataset Limitations
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Like all language models, `dolly-v2-12b` reflects the content and limitations of its training corpuses.
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- **The Pile**: GPT-J’s pre-training corpus contains content mostly collected from the public internet, and like most web-scale datasets,
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in the case it is explicitly asked to produce objectionable content, and sometimes subtly, as in the case of biased or harmful implicit
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associations.
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- **`databricks-dolly-15k`**: The training data on which `dolly-v2-12b` is instruction tuned represents natural language instructions generated
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by Databricks employees during a period spanning March and April 2023 and includes passages from Wikipedia as references passages
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for instruction categories like closed QA and summarization. To our knowledge it does not contain obscenity, intellectual property or
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personally identifying information about non-public figures, but it may contain typos and factual errors.
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The dataset may also reflect biases found in Wikipedia, such as the tendency towards factual errors. Finally, the dataset likely reflects
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the interests and semantic choices of Databricks employees, a demographic which is not representative of the global population at large.
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Databricks is committed to ongoing research and development efforts to develop helpful, honest and harmless AI technologies that
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maximize the potential of all individuals and organizations.
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### Benchmark Metrics
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Below you'll find various models benchmark performance on the [EleutherAI LLM Evaluation Harness](https://github.com/EleutherAI/lm-evaluation-harness)
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model results are sorted by geometric mean to produce an intelligible ordering. These results demonstrate that `dolly-v2-12b` is not state of the art,
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and in fact underperforms `dolly-v1-6b` in some evaluation benchmarks. We believe this owes to the composition and size of the underlying fine tuning datasets,
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but a robust statement as to the sources of these variations requires further study.
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```
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