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README.md
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---
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datasets:
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- sagawa/ZINC-canonicalized
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library_name: transformers
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tags:
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- safe
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- datamol-io
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- molecule-design
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- smiles
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- generated_from_trainer
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model-index:
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- name: SAFE_100M
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---
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# SAFE_100M
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It achieves the following results on the evaluation set:
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volume={3},
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number={4},
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pages={796--804},
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year={2024},
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publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry}
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}
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```
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- Exploring chemical space for drug discovery
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- Assisting in the design of new materials
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- Generated molecules may not always be synthetically feasible
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- The model's knowledge is limited to the chemical space represented in the ZINC dataset
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- train_batch_size: 100
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- eval_batch_size: 100
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- seed: 42
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- gradient_accumulation_steps: 2
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- total_train_batch_size: 200
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- optimizer: Adam with betas=(0.9,0.999) and epsilon=1e-08
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- lr_scheduler_type: linear
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- lr_scheduler_warmup_steps: 10000
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- training_steps: 250000
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- Transformers 4.44.2
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- Datasets 2.20.0
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- Tokenizers 0.19.1
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---
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library_name: transformers
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tags:
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- safe
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- datamol-io
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- molecule-design
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- smiles
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- generated_from_trainer
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datasets:
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- sagawa/ZINC-canonicalized
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model-index:
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- name: SAFE_100M
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results: []
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---
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# SAFE_100M
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SAFE_100M is a cutting-edge transformer-based model developed for molecular generation tasks. Trained from scratch on the [ZINC dataset](https://huggingface.co/datasets/sagawa/ZINC-canonicalized) converted to the SAFE (SMILES Augmented For Encoding) format, SAFE_100M achieves a loss of **0.3887** on its evaluation set, demonstrating robust performance in generating valid and diverse molecular structures.
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## Table of Contents
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- [Model Description](#model-description)
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- [Intended Uses & Limitations](#intended-uses--limitations)
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- [Training and Evaluation Data](#training-and-evaluation-data)
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- [Training Procedure](#training-procedure)
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- [Training Hyperparameters](#training-hyperparameters)
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- [Framework Versions](#framework-versions)
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- [Acknowledgements](#acknowledgements)
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- [References](#references)
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## Model Description
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SAFE_100M leverages the [SAFE framework](#references) to enhance molecular representation through the SMILES Augmented For Encoding format. By utilizing the comprehensive [ZINC dataset](https://huggingface.co/datasets/sagawa/ZINC-canonicalized), the model excels in navigating chemical space, making it highly effective for applications such as:
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- **Drug Discovery**
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- **Materials Science**
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- **Chemical Engineering**
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The transformer architecture ensures the generation of both valid and structurally diverse molecules, facilitating innovative solutions across various scientific disciplines.
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## Intended Uses & Limitations
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### Intended Uses
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SAFE_100M is designed to support:
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- **Molecular Structure Generation**: Creating novel molecules with desired properties.
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- **Chemical Space Exploration**: Identifying potential candidates for drug development.
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- **Material Design Assistance**: Innovating new materials with specific characteristics.
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### Limitations
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While SAFE_100M is a powerful tool, users should be aware of the following limitations:
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- **Validation Requirement**: Outputs should be reviewed by domain experts before practical application.
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- **Synthetic Feasibility**: Generated molecules may not always be synthesizable in a laboratory setting.
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- **Dataset Boundaries**: The model's knowledge is confined to the chemical space represented in the ZINC dataset.
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## Training and Evaluation Data
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The model was trained on the [ZINC dataset](https://huggingface.co/datasets/sagawa/ZINC-canonicalized), a large repository of commercially available chemical compounds optimized for virtual screening. This dataset was transformed into the SAFE format to enhance molecular encoding for machine learning applications.
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## Training Procedure
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### Training Hyperparameters
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SAFE_100M was trained with the following hyperparameters:
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- **Learning Rate**: `0.0001`
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- **Training Batch Size**: `100`
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- **Evaluation Batch Size**: `100`
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- **Random Seed**: `42`
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- **Gradient Accumulation Steps**: `2`
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- **Total Training Batch Size**: `200`
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- **Optimizer**: Adam (`betas=(0.9, 0.999)`, `epsilon=1e-08`)
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- **Learning Rate Scheduler**: Linear with `10,000` warmup steps
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- **Total Training Steps**: `250,000`
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### Framework Versions
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The training process utilized the following software frameworks:
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- **Transformers**: `4.44.2`
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- **PyTorch**: `2.4.0+cu121`
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- **Datasets**: `2.20.0`
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- **Tokenizers**: `0.19.1`
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## Acknowledgements
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We extend our gratitude to the authors of the SAFE framework for their significant contributions to the field of molecular design.
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## References
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```bibtex
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@article{noutahi2024gotta,
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title={Gotta be SAFE: a new framework for molecular design},
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author={Noutahi, Emmanuel and Gabellini, Cristian and Craig, Michael and Lim, Jonathan SC and Tossou, Prudencio},
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journal={Digital Discovery},
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volume={3},
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number={4},
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pages={796--804},
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year={2024},
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publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry}
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}
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```
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